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M. A. Dhaky
century as earlier had been suggested here on the basis of an inscription, on the holy hill Katavapra, concerning Säntisena, of c. mid seventh century. Bhrājisnu, in the Ārādhanā-ṭīkā (c. late 9th or early 10th Cent.), positively associates Bhadrabāhu and Candragupta with the Śravanabelgola hill. On this point, Harisena's Bṛhadkathākośa (A.D. 931) comes in conflict with the Bhrājisnu's ṭīkā. For it reports that Bhadrabahu, after the prediction he made, retired from Ujjain to (some site in) Bhadrapradadeśa where he died by resorting to avamodarya or progressively decreased intake of food, the latter fact, without mentioning the locale sinvolved, was noted earlier and originally in Śivarya's Ārādhanā (c. early 6th cent). The Bṛhadkathākosa throws no light on Bhadrabahu's disciple Candragupta as to what he did and where he was after he embraced the Order. Bhrājiṣnu, however, avers that he was with Bhadrabahu when the latter passed away in Śravanabelagola by anasana rite and the sage Candragupta, who stayed over there, died sometime after the 12 years' draught. The Northern sources say nothing on how and where Bhadrabāhu died.
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9) The most intriguing point is the presence of Bhadrabāhu simultaneously at two places and, on the opposite score, also in two times as deduced from two completely contradictory reports :(1) during and after the draught, he was in Nepāla; and (2) just before the onset of draught, he was in Śravanabelgola and his passing away there very soon after ! The Northern records, available from c. mid sixth century onwards are unanimous that, when the Pataliputra Synod was convoked after the draught for the redaction of the agamas in c. B.C. 300 (or a few years before that date), Bhadrabahu was in Nepala and Sthulabhadra-disciple of Bhadrabahu's confrère Arya Sambhūta (and son of Sakaṭāra, minister of Nanda) was sent by the Pataliputra Council to Bhadrabahu for learning the 14 Purva-texts from him. The Southern literary sources, all of which are late, on the other hand, claim that Bhadrabahu was in Ujjayani, had predicted the onset of 12 years draught, and either before or just at the beginning of the 12 years famine, proceeded either to Bhadrapadadeśa where he passed away by reduction in food-intake, or to Śravanabelgola where he went along with his royal disciple Candragupta, passed away by anasana rite, and had sent the Sangha with his disciple Viśākhācārya to Southern India (Tamilnadu). The Southern sources, moreover, show no knowledge about the Pataliputra Synod which assembled after the long draught and that
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