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Grammatical Riddles from Jain works
293
And which is the word used in the meaning of accumulation though not actually stated ? - "And” ca
And which is the root that is used in the meaning "to insult" ? --The root bhas” bhas
And which is the sūtra that the clever Viśrāntavidyādhara taught ?The sūtra jhasy ekāco baśaḥ sdhvoś ca bhas
The lexicographical niceties of this stanza require some explanation : jhasi is the vocative of the feminine word jhasi; I for Lakşmi and A (here in the locative E) for Visnu are some of the ekāksara-words Jinavallabha likes best; kācaḥ is the accusative plural of an artificial tatpuruşa compound of etymological value made of ka ("head") + a(ñ)c (root noun meaning "which worships", cf. añc pūjane, Dhātup.) > kāc; va-śaḥ is the nominative masculine singular of a tatpuruşa compound made of U-U-A ( > va through sandhi) + śaḥ (cf. śo tanūkarane, Dhātup.), where U is an ekākşara-designation for Brahma and then for Siva. One could also consider that the designation for Siva is Ū (also found in Ekāksarakosas with this meaning).
Further, the stanza is also a small collection of individual grammatical questions of the types we saw earlier scattered in different verses :
—there is a question on a synonymic root : bhas bhartsane, see for instance Hemacandra, Dhātup. 1.521; Palsule 1955, 187.
-The statement defining ca is well-known from the Kāśikā : ca-kāro 'nukta-samuccayārthah (Kāś. on 2.4.18, etc.: Abhyankar 1961 p. 21; F.Kielhorn, “Notes on the Mahābhāsya : 7. Some devices of Indian grammarians", Ind. Antiquary 1887, p. 251 = Kleine Schriften, ed. W. Rau. Wiesbaden, 1969, p. 240).
Finally, one is asked a question concerning grammatical metalanguage and requiring familiarity with Pāņini's sūtra 7.2.78 : (it, implied by anuvštti from 7.2.66) ida-janor dhve ca, where ca implies the recurrence of se from the sutra just coming before :
"i is added before se (including the substitute sva]) as well as before dhve (including the substitute dhvam) in roots 'to praise' and 'to be born 35.”
Like in other instances of the sautra-jāti, the question about the sūtra is the last of the riddle. The source is indicated, but is hardly palpable because
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