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316
Atsushi Uno
Jambu-jyoti
II.
One who does not forget the vyāpti (avismsta-sambandha) (a) One who remembers the vyāpti (smaryamāna-sambandha)
External example (or external vyāpti) is useless, since the antarvyāpti here functions.
(b) One who is ignorant of the vyāpti (agrhīta-sambandha)
Pramāna "tarka" is first necessary to enable the opponent to know the vyāpti. So bahirvyāpti is useless, and antarvyāpti does not function.
Vivrti regards antarvyāpti as principal. It rather neglects bahirvyāpti, than regards it as subordinate. In accordance with antarvyāpti under varied conditions, bahirvyāpti is taken cumbrous or impossible and eventually useless (vyartha). Even in the case (1), the Vivrti does not even refer to the dull-minded opponent. Vivrti's view-point may be diagrammed as follows : [0 = obtainable, * = unobtainable) (1) The first “useless”
(a) antarvyāpti (0) bahirvyāpti (0) cumbrous useless
(b) antarvyāpti (0) bahirvyāpti (X) impossible useless (II) The second “useless”
(c) antarvyāpti (X) bahirvyāpti (X) impossible useless <Vivrti> Rendering
As for the problem under consideration, the NyA does not describe directly remaining members "upanaya”, “nigamana", and "corroborative five members”, because this treatise aims at brevity, yet they may be conjectured by the sharp-minded on the basis of the described those members. For so far as the form and the number of members are concerned, the description may be divided into three : the lowest (jaghanya; simple), the middle (madhyama; ordinary) and superior (utkrsta; detailed). The lowest is the description of the hetu only, the middle is the description of two members and so forth, and the superior is the description of all the ten members. Here the middle description of members are described directly, and the lowest (simplest) and the superior (detailed) descriptions of members are indirectly suggested, because there is proof.
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