________________
Arya Bhadrabāhu
145
Kālagananā, Hindi. At the moment it is not handy.) For the date of the nirvāņa of Jina Mahāvīra, I have followed Jacobi's determination, namely B.C. 477. According to the tradition recorded in Dharmasāgara's autocommentary on his Pattāvali (late 16th-early 17th cent.), the Paryusanā-kalpa was first recited in the assembly of Dhruvasena (I) of the Maitraka dynasty at Anandapura (Vadanagar) in north Gujarat. Hence Jacobi's determination appears valid; for the Maitraka prince named Dhruvasena (I) did flourish in early sixth century A.D. Seemingly, Dharmasāgara had before him some old traditional record. For no one before him mentions the name of this king, which was known only through the copper plate charters of the Maitraka donor rulers that were discovered,
deciphered, and studied in the last century. 5. These dates are suggested here on the basis of a reasonable guess, based on computa
tions and synchronisms, the details regarding which I shall not dwell upon here. For these are being discussed in a separate paper, "The Paryusanā-kalpa sthavi
rāvalī—eka Adhyayana" (Gujarātī), still incomplete, to be published in future. 6. Ārya Phalgumitra apparently was contemporary of Arya Raksita, the latter pontiff
reported in later literature as the one who classified the śruta/canon into four anuyoga-categories, namely the Dharmakathānuyoga, the Caranakaranānuyoga, the Ganitānuyoga, and the Dravyānuyoga. Since the term anuyoga is synonymous also with vācanā or redaction, a hitherto unreported synod may be suspected in this notice. It may also be added that the available āgamas are not categorically arranged into four anuyogas or classes stipulated in the above-noted later tradition. Hence, the term anuyoga, in the above-noted context, may be understood more accurately as vācanā rather than categories of canonical literature. Phalgumitra, for certain, figures in the main line of succession and Raksita, who otherwise may have played a key rôle at the Synod, apparently had belonged to a collateral branch (avāntara sākha): Hence the name of Arya Raksita (who otherwise was of considerable eminence) does not, but his much less famous contemporary Ārya Phalgumitra's does figure at the point where the Third Phase of the Sthavīrävali terminates. Seemingly, each one of the Sthavirāvali's five Phases ended soon after a redaction of the agamas took place. Thus, each time it had to be extended after the happening of a redaction. If a redaction of the āgamas did happen in Phalgumitra's time, the place where the elders met for that purpose is not recorded in the available literature. (No redaction had been undertaken after the Valabhi Synod II in c. A.D. 503/516.)
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