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M. A. Dhaky
Jambu-jyoti
7. Medieval sources specify this date: The computed date for Arya Skandila / Śandila also accords with this date: the date thus seems probable. I reserve detailed discussion on this date for a future paper.
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For this Phase 5, in fact for the whole of the Sthavirävali, I have consulted the Paṭṭavali-samuccaya, Ed. Muni Darśanavijaya, Śrī Caritra-Smaraka. granthmālā, Viramagām 1933, pp.1-11.
9. These two different dates are recorded, as specified in annotation 4, at the end of the "Jinacaritra" section in some later manuscripts of the Paryusanākalpa. Muni Punyavijaya's edition does not give the second or alternative date, namely V.N.993/ A.D. 516: (Cf. his Kalpasūtra, Ahmedabad 1952, pp. 59-60, sūtra 200). Valabhi Synod II was convoked for collating and reconciling the differences and divergencies in the versions fixed at the Mathura Synod (c. A.D. 363) chaired by Arya Skandila (or Sandila) and the contemporaneous Valabhi Synod I presided over by Arya Nagarjuna of the Nagendra-śākhā. This fact is reported in the Kahävali of Bhadresvara süri (c. late 10th century A.D.: unpublished) and, if I correctly remember, in one of the commentaries by Malayagiri (c. 3rd quarter of the 12th cent. A.D.).
10. As I recall, the noted epigrapher and historian H. P. Shastri favours Gupta as the more probable sovereign power under which the Maitrakas ruled before they became independent rulers.
11. Cf. the Thanamgasuttaṁ and Samaväyämgasuttam, Ed. Muni Jambūvijaya, JainaĀgama-Series No.3, Bombay 1985, p. 450.
12. Arya Syāma is credited in the two seventh century curni commentaries on the Bṛhatkalpasūtra to have composed the Prathamänuyoga (embodying lives of the 24 tirthankaras), the Gaṇḍikānuyoga (treating the lives of the Cakravartis, Vasudevas, and some other early great men), the Lokānuyoga (dealing, as its title suggests, with cosmology/cosmography), and some Samgrahanis or collections of topical verses, some of which may have been inserted in the corpus of the agamas of the Śaka and Kusāna periods and some of them apparently were utilized in the formulation of the texts of some of the Prakirnaka agamic works. All of the works of Arya Syama, however, are lost, but were available for consultation to the compiler of the Samavāyānga-sūtra (c. A. D. 353/363). The curnis interpret the heading 'Lokānuyoga' in a way different from mine. However, as the title suggests, it must pertain to cosmology/cosmography. (For details and discussion on Arya Syama and his contributions, see Punyavijayaji' article, "Prathamanuyogaśästra ane Tenā Pranetā Sthavira Arya Kālaka," (Gujarati),
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