________________
150
M. A. Dhaky
Jambu-jyoti
33. See the "Introduction,"Epigraphia Carnatica, Vol.II, Institute of Kannada Studies,
University of Mysore, Mysore 1973, pp.ixxiv-ixxvi. 34. These have been completely ignored by all of the writers on Bhadrabāhu who
exclusively used southern sources. (The Digambara writers, understandably,
recognize only Digambara-mānya sources.) 35. Some three decades ago, U.P. Shah, in the course of a personal discussion, had
conveyed to me his thinking about interpreting this word. I here have followed it. 36. The concerned verse is as follows:
जसभद्द तुंगिय वंदे संभूयं चेव माठरं। भद्दबाहुं य पाइण्णं थुलभदं च गोयमं ।
-TEE .6.28. (Ed. Punyavijaya muni, Jaina-Agama-Granthamālā, Vol. 1, Mumbai (Bombay)
1968, p. 6). Also see the Tīrthāvakālika-prakirnaka. 37. After all, kharvata means a relatively smaller settlement. And when it is prefixed
by the term 'Dāsī,' it was an humble place, indeed of lesser consequence. 38. Vadda Ārādhane, pp. 49-50. 39. Brhadkathākośa, p. 317. 40. The great historian R.C. Majumdar, apparently on the basis of the śākhá names
of the Godāsa-gana, had reached the conclusion that Bhadrabāhu hailed from
Bengal. As it happened, his relevant published works currently are not handy. 41. Tāmraliptikā, Kotivarsīyā, and Pundravardhanikā emanate from Tāmralipti,
Kotivarsa, and Pundravardhana, as earlier inferred here, and all of these towns are located in Bengal under their modern derivative appelations. Recent researches tend to bring down the date of Gautama Buddha by about a century, toward c. B.C. 400-383, with a few years plus or minus. If this date finally holds, then Arhat Vardhamāna's date must also slide down and stabilize at c. B.C. 415-400 since, according to the Pāli sources, he predeceased Buddha. This date does not seem incompatible with the computable time-brackets for the successors of Vardhamāna. The traditionally held B.C. 527 as the date of Vardhamāna's nirvana, of course, is totally unrealistic on several counts, just as it upsets several firmly established historical dates, synchronisms, and time
brackets, an issue that cannot be dealt with in this article. 43. While citing the actual past instances of friars who had suffered from one or
the other type of the 22 parīşahas or visiting sufferings noted in the āgamas, for
42.
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