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JUXE, 1907.
NAVABAHASANKACHARITA OF PADMAGUPTA.
167
reign must have fallen about the year 970. Between Vakpatirâja II. and Våkpatiraja I. are two generations, and between the latter and Upendra at least three reigns. If one reckons 25 years to « generation, then there are 150 years between the beginning of the reign of Ví kpatirija II. and the end of Upendra's. Of course it is not to be supposed that there is any degree of certainty in this statement, as the number of the kings omitted may be much greater. But it is the latest that is possible. Padmagupta's verses concerning Upendra assert merely that he diligently attended to the Srauta sacrifices and was a great warrior. If the translation of verse 77 is correct, a poetess Sita, who perhaps lived at his court, sang of him (see note 43, p. 163).
Dr. F. E. Hallo and Sir A. Cunningham identify Upendra with Krishnaraja, the first king in the inscriptions of yAkpatiraja II. The supposition is nataral, as Krishna and Upendra are synonymous. It may also be correct, though Krishnardja stands immediately before Vairisinha, the third king in Padmagupta's list. The text of the inscription merely says that each of the kings mentioned thought respectfully of the feet" (of the before-mentioned). Usgally this phrase is used in connection with an immediate predecessor. There are, however, cases in which it is used in connection with a king further removed. Those who reject Hall's identification must agree that the next king in Padmagupta's list tikewise bore the name of Krishnarkia, which also is not impossible,
VAkpatirja I. Padmagupta's description of this king is purely conventional. According to what has been already said, the beginning of his reign falls about 895 A. D. His name seems also to appear in an Udayapur inscription. Dr. F. E. Hall does not recognise the existence of two V&kpatirajas. He says, however, loc. cit.: " Vâkpati had issue in Vairisimhs, and Yairisimha had a son Harsha." This only applies to Vákpatirâja ł.
Vairisimha, of this king we only hear that he was his predecessor's son. His reign may have begun about 920.
Biyaka. Matters improve somewhat with Vairisitha's son, who, according to Navas. XI. 85 and the inscriptions, also called Siyaka, according to Navas. XVIII. 40 (p. 155) Brf Harshadeva. A9 regards the first name till now unmentioned, it may be remarked that Styaka stands for Simhaka. In the tertiary Prøkrits of Western India, in place of the Sanskrit sinha in a proper name, either singh or gi is used. Thus, for Amarasimha both Amarsingh and Amarsi are found; for Padmasimha, Padamasingh or more often Padams; for Narasiha, very often Narsi. In the present case, this explanation is proved by the fact that Merutanga in the Munjaprabandha calls the father of Muõja and' Simdhala, Simhabhata.70 This was doubtless the original' Sanskrit name of the king. Siyaka is a half Prakrit pet-name. The second name Harshs or Harshadeva appears in the unedited Udayspar Inscription and also in other Sanskrit works.71
Jour. Beng. A. Boc. Vol. XXXI. p. 114, note. Dr. Hall seems to have found the names in the inscriptions from Udayapur mentioned there. He incorrectly calla him " the grandfather of Bhoja's grandfather."
Archwol. Rep. Vol. X. p. 84, note 1. . See Ind. Ant. Vol. VI. pp. 184 and 194, where it says, that Durlabhs of Anhilyad thonght of the feet of Ob&mund, while his immediate predecessor was his brother Vallabha,
* Soo also K. Vorbes, Rar Mala, 2nd ed. p. 64.
T1 Conf, below, p. 168. What is said here about the identity of Slynka and Harshadeva, as also that of Utpalarija and Vakpatirkja, resta chiefly on Zacharias's communicatiuns. He has made these discoveries and Fathered the notices belonging to them.
