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298
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
(OCTOBER, 1907,
XL - Places of Worship. 144. In some places there are separate buildings set apart for worship, while in others there are not.
145. The temples have their doors either to the north or east or on all sides. 146. A temple is either a shiváld or a thakur-dward or a dévi-dwdia.
147. A shivala contains the images of Shibji, Rama, Ganesh, Hanuman and Bhairon. A thakur-dward those of Shivaji, Rama, Lakshman, Krishna, Balram, Gopalji, and Hanuman. A dévi-dwald the images of Devi, Kali, Lônkra, and a lion.
148. The god of the temple is worshipped thrice every day, in the morning, noon and evening, but in some places this worsbip is performed only twice. Offerings are made. The Brabman is fed at particular festivals and hawan (sacrifice) is performed.
149. Some ceremonies are performed openly, and some secretly. The latter are called narol paja, and are performed on the occasion of particular festivals only and not every day.
XLI. - Sacrifices. 150. (1) Goats and sheep are sacrificed to all the gods.
(2) Goats are sacrificed in the name of the Devi or Kalt. (3) Sheep are sacrificed in the name of Bhairôn, Lônkså, and Narsingh. (4) Buffaloes are sacrificed to the younger Lônkså.
(5) Fowls, pigs, fish, and lizards are offered to the lesser Kali. 151. Generally the family priest officiates at the time of the sacrifice, but one can sacrifice without the aid of the priest as well. The sacrifice is offered to the god who is the patron of the offerer.
152. The sacrifice is performed at the temple.
163. If the sacrifice be of a goat or sheep, one loin is given to the person who offered it, and the remainder is distributed among the monks, gods, and the priests. Sometimes the sacrificial animal is buried. In some places the head and liver of the sacrificed goat are kept by the priests and monks, and the remainder is given back to the offerer.
The sacrifice of the other animals are offered by the Kolis, Cobblers or Shepherds.
164. Sometimes, instead of a living creature, an imitation of it in flour or silver are offered, or the living beast, without being sacrificed, is let loose in the temple of the god. The animal remains in the forest, and the custodians of the temple look after it. When fat it is sold, and the money thus realised is added to the god's treasure. If the image offered be of silver, it is stored in the treasury. If of flour, it is cooked in oil or clarified butter, and is eaten by the priests.
155. The worshippers do not offer any part of their body as sacrifice.
XLII. - Human Sacrifice. 156. It is said that in ancient times men, women, and children were offered as sacrifice to the Dôvi or Kall. Men were sacrificed to Lonks also.
157. It is said that men bad their heads cut off as offerings to Jawala Mukhf, KA11, Bhima Káli and Bhairon Bir, etc., and put into the sacrificial fire. Many men cut out their tongues and offered them to the goddess.
A sacrifice of the nature of human sa orifloe is, however, still performed in the hills every forty or fifty years, and is called Bhanda. A man of the BedA Tribe of Kolů and Garhwal is sent for. From ancient times such men have been kept as priests in the places where this sacrifice is performed. They are treated like the ordinary priests, and are given an
