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AUGUST, 1894.]
THE BHASHA-BHUSHANA OF JAS'WANT SINGH.
219
Translation. (The sense of a word, or the connexion of a word with the object (artha) which it connotes, is called vydpara, function, or sakti, power. It thus appears that the word artha may itself frequently be translated by "meaning." .
There are three meanings (artha) of a word:
1. The expressed meaning (váchya artha or mukhya artha): that conveyed to the understanding by the word's proper power (abhidhd sakti).
2. The indicated or metaphorical meaning (lakshya artha): that conveyed to the understanding by the word's metaphorical power (lakshana sakti).
3. The suggested meaning (vyangya artha): that conveyed to the understanding by the word's suggested power (vyanjaná salti).]
[There are thus :A. Three functions or powers :
(1) the proper, abhidhá; (2) the metaphorical, lakshana;
(3) the suggested, vyanjaná. • B. Three meanings :
(1) the expressed, váchya; (2) the metaphorical, lakshya ;
(3) the suggested, vyangya. 0. Three uses of a word : -
(1) a word employed with its proper power, váchaka or vachika; (2) a word employed with its metaphorical power, lakshaka or lakshamka; (3) a word employed with its suggested power, vyanjaka.]
On the proper power of a word. [Sahitya-darpaņa, 11].
The proper power (abhidhd sakta) of a word (is that which conveys to the understanding the meaning which belongs to the word by the convention which primarily made it a word at all, and) is that in which only the one simple original meaning appears, and no other, as for example: -
I saw. Krishna, the darling of Nanda, by the tamala tree on the banks of the Yamana, with diadem on head, staff in hand, and a woodland garland upon his chest.' Here all the words are used each in its proper original sense.]
On & word employed with its metaphorical power. [Sahitya-darpana, 13 and ff.]
When there is incompatibility of the expressed meaning of a word with the rest of the sentence], the word becomes employed with its metaphorical power (lakshand bakte), and is classified under two heads, according us the metaphorical power is conveyed by] (1) conventional acceptation or by (2) a motive.
(1) According to the best authorities the metaphorical power depends on conventional acceptation (rúdhi), when the expressed meaning is incompatible (with the rest of the sentence, and the metaphorical meaning] is familiarly accepted by general convention. As for example:
I recognise thy wishes as bearing fruit. Thine eyes rejoice (lit., blossom), and every limb is a mine of joy.' [Here wishes are said to bear fruit, and eyes to blossom. But these words
