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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[APRIL 5, 1872.
and are at once classed as barbarous Hindi. Yet bourhood, the one Kusum-Sarovar or Kuan application of Vararuchi's rules will, in many sumokhar (for Kusuma-pushkara), the other cases, without any great exercise of ingenuity, Brikhbhân-pokhar or Bhån-okhar. As the suffice to discover the original Sanskrit form, rule was laid down by Vararuchi 1800 years ago, and explain its corruption. Thus Maholi is for I can only claim credit for its practical resusciMadhu-puri ; Parsoli for Parasurama-puri, tation; but it is of great importance, and at (Parsa being the ordinary colloquial abbrevia- once affords a clue to the formation of an imtion for Parasurama) Dham-sinha for Dharma- mense number of otherwise unintelligible local sinha, Baţi for Bahula-vati ; and Khaira for names. Khadira. So far as I am aware, the true ex- The foregoing considerations demonstrate the planation of these common endings-oli, -auli, soundness of the proposition laid down at -auri, -c war, has never before been clearly stated. the outset, viz., that the proportion of words They are merely corruptions of -puri or -pura, in the Hindi vocabulary not connected with combined with the prior member of the com- Sanskrit forms is exceedingly inconsiderable ; pound, as explained by Vararuchi, in Sûtra II. 2, such fact appearing-1st, from the silence of which directs the elision of certain consonants, the early grammarians as to the existence of including the letter p, where they are simple and any such non-Sanskritic element ; 2ndly, from non-initial; the term .non-initial' being expressly the discovery that many of the words hastily extended to the first letter of the latter memberset down as barbarous are in reality tracenble of a compound. The practical application of the to a classic source; and Srdly, from the unconrule was first suggested to me by observing scious adherence of the modern vernacular to the that two large tanks at Barsana and Gobardhansame laws of formation as influenced it in an adwere called indiscriminately in the neigh- mittedly Sanskritic stage of development,
ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF VARIOUS PLACES IN THE KINGDOM OF MAGADHA VISITED BY THE CHINESE PILGRIM CHI-FAH-HIAN,
IN A. D. 415. Y A. M. BROADLEY, B.C.S., ASSISTANT MAGISTRATE IN CHARGE OF SUB-DIVISION BIHAR IN PATNA.
(Cotinued from page 74.)
PART III. SINCE writing the last part of my notes, I have by three umbrellas. The bases vary in design; paid another visit to the Som-bhåndâr cave, on either side, beneath the pedestal, is depictand carefully examined the chaitya I found there. ed the Wheel of the Law, supported on one It appears to me so curious that I propose to side by elephants, on another by caparisoned describe it more particularly. Its form is square horses, (with saddles of almost European shape), with a conical top surmounted by a large knob. on the third by elephants kneeling, and on the Each side is 1 foot 10 inches broad, and its totalfourth by bulls. The conical top of the chaitya height is 4 feet 9 inches. On each face there is resembles the cupola of a temple. a pillared canopy, underneath which is a stand- To return to Mount Vipula. This hill rises ing figure of Buddha on a lotus-leaf pedestal, about three hundred yards to the east of the with a miniature attendant on either side, each hot springs previously described. Its direction holding a torch. The hair on the head is knot- is due north-east. The northern face of the ted, and the body is covered by a long cloak. mountain is a rugged cliff, and its western slope The hands, instead of being raised in the usual is but a little less precipitoue. At the foot attitude, are held down close by the side. The of the hill there are six wells, some of which attendant figures are elaborately dressed and contain hot, and some cold water. They ornamented. At each corner of the arch of the resemble in shape those of Mount Baibhâr, canopy are figures holding scrolls. In the cen- and are called respectively Nâna-kund, Sitetre of the canopy, and immediately above the kund, Sômakund, Ganeshakund, and Râmahead of Buddha, rises a pipal tree surmounted kund. Nearly a quarter of a mile from these
• This bare adoption of a personal name as a local Umrao, while another village in the Kosi Pargana has the designation is uncommon, but is paralleled by the name of fuller form Umrårau, for Umrao-pur. village in the ChhAta Pargana, which is called simply
