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SEPT, 6, 1872.]
MUQHUL GRANDEES.
261
Jaipúr Rájabs were called Mirzá Rajah, or Beg' was ever conferred by the earthyo: Dihi Sarámad-i-Rájahái Hind, Bahadur, &0. Bat emperors, or whether the Turke looked apoas it the Hindús, were worse off as regards titles than a hereditary, but it was often asked, "Chotgh the Muhammadans.
2001. chiefly in official titles and in the form Dak. In tregting of Muhammadan titles, we must The chief facts which we have to remember carefully distinguish those which were conferred in connection with Muhammadan titles. ) from such as were assumed. First of all, the no title conferred by the Mughuli emperorg Wis title of Nawab: was never conferred. The hereditary; and (2) with the exception of the word is said to be a corruption of nuwwrib, the title of Khán, no title was held by more than plural of názb, a deputy. The singular occurs one grandee at the same time. Thus the title in náib vazir, näib, bárbak, t, and other ante- of Bahadur Khán would only be conferred on . Mughul titles attached to offices. But Nawab' grandee, when the former holder had died, or and Nawab Cáhib' occur as epithets on inscrip- had, through misconduct dosta itsi Hence such tions and in prefaces to books as early as titles, from their limited asages were much Akbar's reign. Again, the word Bahadur,' a valued; in fact they ranked so high that they Turkişi word meaning brave,' was only used gradually brought the real name of the owner as an epithet. Ahmad Shah used it as title and into oblivion. Akbar's third Khánkhánán is ordered his name to be read in the Friday prayer generally known in history as the Khánas Muj'áhid uddin Muhammad Abú nacr Ahmad khánan,' but his real name Mirzá 'Abdurrahim Shah Bahádur.' Hence also Kampani bahadur, is rarely, mentioned. There were many titles the name, by which the E.I. Company is still to which, from historical recollections, an in
known in India. The modern. Khán Bahádur usuali estimation attached, such as Khan Jahan, Lis, in Bengal, by permission assumed by Muham- | Khán nản, Vảzir Khán, Áeaf Khán; Azum madan Deputy Magistrates, whilst Hindú - Khán, Islám Khán, Sher Khári, Rustam Khan, Deputy Magistrates assume Rái Bahadur': it Bahadur Khán, &c., and the emperors only stands, of course, for Khán-i-Bahadur,' the conferred them for most distinguished services. courageous Khán.' The compound, however, As these titles recurred in different reigns, disis a modern abnormal one; for Khan was con- tinguishing epithets were used; thus we find a ferred by the Dihli emperors, and 80 also Khan Jahan-i-Akbar háhi and á Khán Jahan-i
Bahadur' and Bahadur Khán,' but not 'Khan Shahjah461. With the inereasing number of bahadar ! 10
the grandees after Akbar's reign the emperors The word Khán' is a Turkish yord, mean- had to inventi: new titles, and often avaited ing king, prince.' Thus we still say Khán- themselves, for this purpose, of events or pecui-Bukhárd, the King of Bukhárá, for Sul- liar circumstances connected with the service of tán-i-Bukhárá, which is also used. The title a grandee. Thus Jahangir rewarded a deserving when conferred, had a high reputation. The officer who had fitst brought him the good news word occurs also, as, is well known, as part of a vietory with the title of Khushkhabar Khan, of names, especially in Afghán names, and and another with that of Muarrikh Khan, for in many parts of India it is looked upon as his knowledge of history and Shahjahrán conhereditary... In fact, according to Sher Shah Il ferred descriptive titles as Qal'ahdár Khán, Mathink, the Afgháns and their descendants are balldár Klán, Dindár Khan & Doetóre reall Kbáns. But the title of Khán which the ceived.titles as '
Masih nizamánt (the healing emperors conferred was the Turkish title and Messiah of the age), Masthulmulk, Hakim ulranked above Beg or Be (the abbreviated form mulk, and so on, and many a court doctor rose of Beg). There are no cases on record to show to high military commands. Geographioal titles that the Mughul emperors ever conferred Beg' were also in use, as Ramí Khán, Ghazinta Khan, or Be,' but many instances can be cited where Kháft Khán (from Kháf, or Khawaf, in Khura foreigners with the title of Beg, after several sán), Habshi Khan, &c. Most of the titles have years of service, received the title of Khan and Khán' as the second word; but there are a few then dropped the Beg! I am not sure whether' with mulk,' as Saifulmulk, Tájulmulk, and Im
• I have seen in modern times the barbarous sardmadah Khwajah Jahán, qaim makám,dc, all without the Izátet for xardmad.
Bat. Khan-i-Azam is used with the Izafat tobacrve that in many titles the Persiana leave, ont I believe that the Uzbak Paf, mentioned in Mr. Thomas's the Ted fat. Besides the above example, we have to say valuable Chronicles of the Pathan King Khăn Khánấn, Khán Jahăn, Khánflam, Khím Dern
(p. 90), should be led U bat Pe và 4 E 4 '; B + C 1: Vi .:
