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Oct. 4, 1872.)
CAVES OF PITALKHORA.
295
One says "one day I said softly,• Why do you make such a disturbance in
Gop? Why do you not honour my house with a
visit? How much curds, milk, and cream you shall
eat.'”
Kes'aba hearing said laughing, “How much water has been mixed in your
milk?" This last line is a double entendre whose second meaning may be left to be guessed.
A second passage represents the Gopis as indignant with Nand for sending Krishna to tend the cattle.Keun sukha nahin Nanda ghare, ebi
putra jâe brindábana ku; Karuņa hridaya nuhanti nirdaya,
dhika ehånkara dhanaku ! · Keun bidhâtâ kala emanta abichara Koti lakshmi jâhâ sebâku bânchhanti
Se kare banaku sanchara, What happiness is there not in Nand's house,
Yet this boy goes to the cowpens; They are not merciful in heart, but pitiless;
Fie on their wealth! What god has made this mistake; He whom a myriad Lachmis desire to worship
Tramps about the forest. The metre is that of the Rag Kaushiki containing four lines to the stanza. The first two lines consist of twenty-one instants each with cæsuras at the sixth, twelfth and eighteenth instants, the first two of which rhyme. The third line is of fourteen instants with a single cæsura at the fifth; the fourth line is the same as the two first except that the cæsuras do not always rhyme.
In the matter of grammatical peculiarities it is noticeable that Dinkrishna uses frequently the old plural in e as kumdra, a boy; pl. kumare. This is very seldom heard in modern Oriya, and never in the classical style. An old-fashioned peasant from the interior of the country may now and then use it. In the modern language the analytically formed plural by the addition of mane is always used as rájá, pl. rájámáne,-kings; in inanimate objects, however, the final e of the termination is dropped, as kántha, wall, kánthamán, walls.
There occurs also the old universal Aryan locative in e as gope, in Gop; pure, in the town. The moderns affix re and would say gopa-18 instead of gope; the affix re is already in use, as are also ku, ru, and the ar or ara of the genitive in this poem.
With regard to the short final a, it must be remembered that it is necessary to express it in writing poetry for the sake of preserving the rhythm, but that in common conversation it is hardly ever heard, and when heard is a short 8.
Dinkrishna knows only the old forms of the personal pronouns which our high-flying modern writers condemn as vulgar. These are
I . thou Nom. mu Acc.
mote tote Gen. mor
tor &c.
&c. The plural of mu is amhe (pronounced ambhe) and that of tu is tumhe (tumbhe) but as the learned have taken ambhe and tumbhe into use as equivalents for I and thou, they have had to make fresh plurals ambhemáne, and tumbhemane. Dinkrishna uses only the two first, and always in their proper ancient signification.
(To be continued)
THE CAVES OF THE BRAZEN GLEN AND OTHER REMAINS
ABOUT MAUJE PÁTNA, TALUKA CHALISGAUM. BY W. F. SINCLAIR, ASSISTANT COLLECTOR IN CHARGE KHANDESH FORESTS. ABOUT ten miles south-west of the Chalisgaum 10 or 12 days before, would get nothing in it. Station of the Great Indian Peninsula Railway Two miles from Warthân is the gateway of the (N. E. extension) the Sâtmala Hills open into valley, flanked on the left by steep rocks passà curious valley, included in the limits of the able only by a single foot path, called the Gai deserted village of Patna.
Ghât, and on the right by the old hill fort of The nearest camping-place is at the village of Kanhéré. In the sides of the latter are four caves Warthân, 8 miles on the way, but it is a poor which I have not had time to examine closely, little place, and any visitor who had not be but I believe them to be all viharas, and of the spoken the assistance of the district authorities' sort having stone lotus-headed pillars. They
