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60
EPIGRAPHIA INDICA.
In regard to orthograghy, the following may be noted. (1) An anusvāra preceding a consonant in the body of a word is very often changed into the nasal of the class to which the following letter belongs, cf. =onduttara (1. 9), Mahasirivanta (1.10), etc. (2) Palatal é is substituted by a dental 8, cf. Saka...sata (11. 1-2), dasami (1. 5), etc. The language is ancient Kannada except the latter half of the imprecatory verse in Sanskrit beginning with bahubhir-vasudha datta, in which, it may be noted, sada is written wrongly for tadā (11. 21-22). On the expression onduttaram, attention may be drawn to Mr. N. Lakshminarayan Rao's remarks above, Vol. XXI, p. 207. It may be added that a similar expression occurs in another record of Krishna II from the Mysore province dated in Saka 835 (in words), Prajapati, in the following passage: Akālavarshadēvana vijayarajyam onduttararam-adbisriddhige saluttire.
[VOL. XXVI.
The inscription refers itself to the reign of king Amoghavarsha and records the gift of a garden with one thousand creepers at Mävinuru, with proprietary rights (samya), made to Chandratēja-Bhaṭṭāra, pupil of Mallikarjuna-Bhaṭṭāra, by Bagega when the latter was the Perggavunda (senior gävunda) of Sirivura, Māyirmma was administering Mulgunda-twelve and Mahasirivanta was governing Belvola-three-hundred division. It is stated that Mugina Kādamma, Erenaga, Kuppa and Mada were holding the rights of okkaltana (cultivation rights) in the village and that if they were to destroy this gift, they would incur the sin of destroying Varanasi, the seven crores of ascetics, a tank, a garden and a cow.
The date of the gift is given as: Wednesday, the 10th day of the dark half of Kartika in the cyclic year Prabhava falling in the Saka year 828 (expired). The year Prabhava fell according to Swamikannu Pillai's Indian Ephemeris, in Saka 829 (expired) while according to Sewell's Siddhantas and the Indian Calendar, it was Saka 829 (current) i.e., 828 (expired) by the Northern system. In this year i.e., Saka 828 (expired), the lunar month Sravana was intercalated according to both the authorities and the details given in the record fell on Friday, November 14, A.D. 906 in which case, the weekday cited in the record would be a mistake. If Śrāvana were not intercalated, the details would regularly correspond, for the lunar month Aévina of the Ephemeris, to A.D. 906, October 15, Wednesday. But, for Prabhava, according to the Southern system (Saka 829, expired), the date corresponded to A.D. 907, November 3, Tuesday; 73.
From the title Amoghavarsha borne by the king, the date and the alphabet of the record, it is evident that this inscription is a Rashtrakuta document. The biruda was assumed by more than one king of the family and the earliest of them was Nripatunga Amoghavarsha I to whose reign the present inscription will naturally have to be assigned. But this possibility is precluded by the date Saka 828 which falls right towards uue close of his son Krishna's reign, which, according to the Hirebidri inscription, began in Saka 800, the latest known date for his father being Saka 799, Phalguna, śu. 10 (March, A.D. 878). If it is not a mistake on the part of the copyist-scribe or the engraver, we have to presume that Krishna II also bore, like his father, the biruda Amoghavarsha
During the 9th and 10th centuries A.D. Belvola-three-hundred was held by a succession of Governors viz., Devannayya, in A.D. 866, 869, 872 and Saka 793, Vijaya (=probably A.D. 873)" Mangatōrana in A.D. 893 and Mahasirivanta in A.D. 901, 90710 and 918.11 It is not certain
1 Ep. Carn., Vol. VII, Sorab, 88.
Bombay-Karnatak Collection No. 100 of 1935-36.
This is the date of completion of the Jayadhavalatika of Virasena during the reign of Amoghavarsha L
Above, Vol. VI, pp. 98 ff.
B. K. No. 140 of 1926-27.
• Ibid., No. 246 of 1928-29.
Ibid., No. 20 of 1926-27.
"Ibid., No. 105 of 1926-27. Ibid., No. 60 of 1926-27.
10 The Venkatapar inscription under publication (ibid., No. 82 of 1926-27).
11 Ibid., No. 184 of 1932-33.
