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No. 26.)
DONGARGAON STONE INSCRIPTION OF JAGADDEVA; SAKA 1034. 179
of the testimony of three very early documents, viz., the Nagpur Museum, Jainad and Dongargāon inscriptions.
The present record states in verse 5 that Udayāditya rescued the Mālava country when it was attacked by three kings. The invaders are not specifically mentioned here, but from verse 32 of the Nagpur Museum stone inscription we learn that two of them were Karna and the king of Karnāta. As I have shown elsewhere,' this Karna was the homonymous Kalachuri king, the son of Gārgéyadēva, who ruled from A. D. 1041 to circa 1072. Karna invaded Malwa twice. In this first invasion which occurred soon after the death of Bhöja, his ally was the Chaulukya king Bhima of Gujarāt.» Jayasimha, the successor of Bhoja, who was dethroned, solicited the aid of the powerful Chālukya king Sömēsvara I-Ahavamalla. The latter sent his son Vikramaditya VI who turned back the invaders and reinstated Jayasimha. About fifteen years later, Karna again attacked Malwa. The political situation in the Deccan had considerably changed in the meanwhile. Ahavamalla was dead and was succeeded by his eldest son Sõmēsvara II. The latter was, however, apprehensive of his ambitious younger brother Vikramaditya VI and therefore must bave readily allied himself with the mighty Kalachuri Emperor Karna and helped him in his invasion of Malwa. This time the allied arms attained greater success. The Nagpur Museum stone inscription states that the lord (svämin), who was plainly the Paramdra king Jayasimha, was submerged when the Karnāta king, Karna and other princes joined (one another from different sides) like mighty oceang. Kalachuri inscriptions do not generally mention this event, because they nowhere give a detailed account af Karna's conquests. The recently discovered Rewah stone inscription of the time of Karna also does not mention it, though it describes Karna's campaigns against other kings, but that is evidently because the event occurred long after A. D. 1048-49 which is the date of that inscription. Karna's extermination of the royal family of Malwa is however mentioned in an Apabhrasa verse to which I have drawn attention elsewhere. The Chalukya records are not altogether silent about this achievement of Somēśvara II. The Sudi stone inscription dated Saka 996 (A.D. 1075) mentions the Chalukya king as a blazing fire to the ocean that is the race of the Mälavyas'.
It is nowhere specifically stated who was the third invader of Malwa. But it seems probable that the reference is to the Western Ganga chief Udayaditya. From several records in the Kanarese country we know that this Udayāditya and the valiant Hoysala prince Ereyanga joined Sõmēbvara in his attack on Malwa. Ereyanga in particular is said to have
1 Above, Vol. II, p. 185. In verse 32 of this inscription Kielhor read mab-aranao-Opama-milat. Karunāja-Karuna-prabhum=urvipala-kadarthitam. Kielhorn's edition of the inscription is not accompanied by a facsimile of the record, but the late Mr. C. V. Vaidya ingeniously suggested that the correct reading should be - Karnnáfa-Karnna-prabhrity-urvvipăla-. (See his History of Mediaeval Hindu India, Vol. III, pp. 169–70, n.) I have examined the original in the Nagpur Museum. The medial vowel of the akshara following pra is clearly ri, not, and the following akshara also is tyu, not mu as read by Kielhom. It is plain therefore that the Mälava country was invaded by a confederacy of more than two kings.
- Above, Vol. XXIV, p. 107, 1. • Mērutunga's Prabandhachintamani, tr. by Tawnoy, pp. 74 ff.
• As shown below, Karna's ally this time was Sömesvara II who ascended the throne in Saks 991. Karpa was succeeded by his son Yasahkarna in circa A.D. 1072. His campaign in Malwa must therefore be dated in circa A.D. 1070.
• Above, Vol. XXIV, pp. 101 ff. • Loc. cit., p. 107.
D. C. Ganguly, History of the Paramara Dynasty p. 128.
