Prakrit Vidya 2000 01

Author(s): Rajaram Jain, Sudip Jain
Publisher: Kundkund Bharti Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/521361/1

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ISSN No. 0971-796 X piir koottii varSa 11, aMka 4, janavarI-mArca 2000 I0 22 apraila 2000 I. ko 'pIyUSa-parva' ke suavasara para pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI ke pAvana sAnnidhya meM bra. kamalAbAI jI ko 'sAhU zrI azoka jaina smRti puraskAra' samarpita karate huye rASTrIya svayaMsevaka saMgha ke sara saMghacAlaka mAnanIya zrI ku0 sI0 sudarzana jI

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(AvaraNa pRSTha ke bAre meM bhAratIya saMskRti meM zikSA kA sammAna dinAMka 22 apraila '2000 ko paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ke pAvana jIvana ke pacahattara varSa pUrNa huye| isa suavasara para bhaktajanoM ne atyaMta bahumAnapUrvaka unakA janmadivasa 'pIyUSa-parva' ke rUpa meM sAdagIpUrvaka mnaayaa| svanAmadhanya sAhU zrI azoka jaina kI smRti meM bar3auta (u0pra0) kI saMsthA sAhU zrI azoka jaina smRti puraskAra samiti' dvArA pravartita puraskAra isa varSa yaza:kAya samAjasevikA zikSAnetrI bra0 kamalAbAI jI (rAja0) ko AcArya kundakunda sabhAmaNDapa, pareDa grAuNDa (dillI) meM rASTrIya svayaMsevaka saMgha ke sara saMghacAlaka mAnanIya zrI ku0 sI0 sudarzana jI ke kara-kamaloM se sAdara samarpita kiyA gyaa| yaha eka ullekhanIya bAta rahI kI mAnanIya zrI sudarzana jI ne bra0 kamalAbAI jI ko apane vaktavya meM tIna bAra 'mAtuzrI' kA saMbodhana kiyaa| tathA unake vinayapUrvaka caraNa-sparza bhI kiye| yaha bhAratIya sAMskRtika garimA kA mUrtimAna rUpa thaa| sAtha hI unhoMne vartamAna zikSA paddhati meM bhAratIya saMskRti evaM paramparA ke viruddha dI jA rahI zikSA ke prati kheda vyakta kiyA tathA isameM guNAtmaka sudhAra ke liye saMkalpa kI ghoSaNA kii| unhoMne spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA ki jaba taka paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja jaise mahAn jJAnI saMtoM ke mArgadarzana ke anusAra zikSApaddhati udAra evaM vyApaka dRSTikoNa se yukta nahIM hogI, taba taka isa deza kA zaikSika stara unnata nahIM ho skegaa| pUjya AcAryazrI ke prati bAraMbAra bahumAna vyakta karate huye unhoMne kahA ki Apa jaise pAvana saMtoM ke mArgadarzana kI sampUrNa deza ko hI nahIM, apitu sampUrNa vizva ko atyaMta AvazyakatA hai| bra0 kamalAbAI jI ke prati bahumAna vyakta karate huye kahA gayA ki Apako mAtra 'eka lAkha rupaye' kI rAzi samarpita kI gaI hai, kiMtu Apake dvArA lAkhoM mahilAoM kA jIvana ratnoM kI taraha tarAza kara maMgalamaya banAyA gayA hai| ata: vastuta: yaha Apake mahAn kAryoM ke prati eka atyaMta choTI sI vinayAMjali mAtra hai| pUjya AcAryazrI ne samAgata zraddhAlujanoM ko apane AzIrvacana meM AdhyAtmika evaM naitika rUpa se unnata jIvana banAne kA mAMgalika saMdeza pradAna kiyaa|

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ISSNNo.0971-796x Ans / / jayadu sud-devdaa|| | prAkRta-vidyA PRAKRIT-VIDYA Pagad-Vilja pAgada-vijjA zaurasenI, prAkRta evaM sAMskRtika mUlyoM kI traimAsikI zodha-patrikA The quarterly Research Journal of Shaurseni, Prakrit & Cultural Values vIrasaMvat 2526 janavarI-mArca 2000 I0 varSa 11 aMka 4 Veersamvat 2526 January-March '2000 Year 11 Issue 4 - AcArya kundakunda samAdhi saMvat 2012 mAnada pradhAna sampAdaka pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina nidezaka, kundakunda bhAratI jaina zodha saMsthAna Hon. Chief Editor PROF. (DR.) RAJA RAM JAIN Director, K.K.B. Jain Research Institute mAnada sampAdaka Hon. Editor DaoN0 sadIpa jaina DR. SUDEEP JAIN ema.e. (prAkRta), pI-eca.DI. M.A. (Prakrit), Ph.D. Publisher prakAzaka zrI sureza candra jaina maMtrI zrI kundakunda bhAratI TrasTa SURESH CHANDRA JAIN Secretary Shri Kundkund Bharti Trust vArSika sadasyatA zulka - pacAsa rupaye (bhArata) eka aMka - pandraha rupaye (bhArata) prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 6.0 $ (DAlara) bhArata ke bAhara 1.5 $ (DAlara) bhArata ke bAhara 001

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sampAdaka-maNDala DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI pro0 (DaoN0) premasumana jaina DaoN0 udayacandra jaina prabandha sampAdaka DaoN0 vIrasAgara jaina zrI kundakunda bhAratI (prAkRta bhavana) 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-110067 phona (011) 6564510 phaiksa (011) 6856286 Kundkund Bharti (Prakrit Bhawan) 18-B, Spl. Institutional Area New Delhi-110067 Phone (91-11)6564510 Fax (91-11) 6856286 "saMkhyAprakRteriti vaktavyam, iha mA bhUt / mahAvArtika: kaalaapkH|" -(pAtaMjala mahAbhASya, 4/2/65) isa vAkya meM maharSi pataMjali ne jaina AcArya zarvavarma ke 'kAtaMtravyAkaraNa' kA ullekha kiyA hai| ise hI 'kalApa' yA 'kAlApaka' bhI kahA jAtA thaa| paM0 yudhiSThira mImAMsaka ne 'kAtaMtravyAkaraNa' ke racayitA kA kAla 1500 vikramapUrva svIkAra kiyA isIprakAra IsApUrva dvitIya zatAbdI meM samrAT khAravela ne lupta hote jaina AgamoM kI rakSA ke lie jainazramaNoM kI vizAla saMgIti bulavAI thI, jisake phalasvarUpa avaziSTa dvAdazAMgajJAna ko cAra anuyogoM meM surakSita kiyA gayA thaa| isakA aitihAsika hAthIgumphA zilAlekha kI paMkti 16 meM spaSTa ullekha milatA hai| paM0 hIrAlAla jI siddhAntAcArya ne sapramANa siddha kiyA hai ki kasAyapAhuDasutta' ke racayitA AcArya guNadhara kA kAla vikramapUrva prathama zatAbdI hai| lagabhaga yahI kAla AcArya dharasena, puSpadanta-bhUtabali evaM AcArya kundakunda kA bhI vidvAnoM ne mAnA hai| ina saba tathyoM se vikramapUrva kAla se hI jainazramaNoM dvArA graMtharacanA ke spaSTa pramANa milate haiN| inake AdhAra para spaSTa rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki vikramapUrva dvitIya zatAbdI se dhArApravAha rUpa se jaina-zramaNoM ne graMtha-sRjana prAraMbha kara diyA thaa| ** 202 prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca 2000

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kra. zIrSaka 01. sampAdakIya : mithyAtva - rahita sabhI ekadezajina haiM DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 02. abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga (lekha) AcArya vidyAnanda muni 03. 'kumAraH zramaNAdibhiH ' sUtra kA ..... (lekha) So 04. jaina samAja kA mahanIya gaurava graMtha 'kAtaMtra - vyAkaraNa' (lekha) pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina 05. kAtaMtra-vyAkaraNa aura usakI upAdeyatA (lekha) DaoN0 udayacaMda jaina 06. haMsadIpa : jaina-rahasyavAda kI eka utpreraka kavitA (lekha) 07. Agama- maryAdA evaM nirgrantha zramaNa (lekha) 08. eka mahattvapUrNa prazna kA samAdhAna ( lekha ) 09. gorakSA se ahiMsaka saMskRti kI rakSA (lekha) 10. vaizAlI (kavitA) anukrama 11. zrutajJAna aura aMga- vAGmaya (lekha ) 12. AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI kI sAmAjika cetanA (lekha) 13. AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda-vaMdanASTaka ( kavitA ) 14. Nakkhatta-vaNNaNaM (lekha) * 15. ahiMsaka arthazAstra (lekha) 16. jainadarzanAnusAra zizu kI saMvedana zakti (lekha) 17. manISI sAdhaka : paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha (lekha) 18. siddhArtha kA lADalA ( kavitA ) 19. bhaTTAraka-paramparA evaM eka namra nivedana (lekha) 20. bhaTTAraka-paramparA (lekha) 21. apabhraMza ke 'kaDavaka-chanda' kA svarUpa - vikAsa (lekha) 22. pustaka-samIkSA 23. abhimata 24. samAcAra - darzana prAkRtavidyA + janavarI-mArca 2000 lekhaka pRSTha saM0 pro0 (DaoN0) vidyAvatI jaina zrImatI raMjanA jaina paM0 nAthUlAla jaina zAstrI AcArya vidyAnanda muni rAmadhArI siMha dinakara rAjakumAra jaina DaoN (zrImatI) mAyA jaina DaoN0 mahendrasAgara pracaMDiyA zrImatI raMjanA jaina zrImatI amitA jaina DaoN0 premacanda vikA jayacanda jaina paM0 nAthUlAla zAstrI DaoN. jayakumAra upAdhye pro0 ( DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina 4 9 21 24 30 34 38 42 45 51 52 58 61 62 66 69 74 78 80 82 86 90 96 99 00 3

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[sampAdakIya mithyAtva-rahita sabhI ekadezajina haiM -DaoN0 sudIpa jaina zaurasenI prAkRta ke Agama-granthoM meM AtmasAdhanA ke uccatama mAnadaNDa nidarzita haiN| paramajJAnI AcAryoM ne apanI sAdhanA se satyApita karake Agama ke tathyoM kI prastuti vividha granthoM meM bhI kI hai| inhIM Agama-granthoM ke tattvajJAna ko apane dRSTipatha meM susthApita karanevAle zramaNoM ko jJAniyoM ne 'AgamacakkhU sAhU' kahA hai| AdhyAtmika tattvajJAna hI jainazramaNoM kI vaha viziSTa pUMjI hai, jisake kAraNa cirakAla se jainetaroM ke dvArA ve stutya bhI rahe haiM aura IrSyA ke pAtra bhI rahe haiN| adhyAtmavidyA mUlata: zramaNavidyA hai| vaidika sAhitya meM isake upadeSTA kSatriya mAne gaye haiM, tathA hamAre caubIsoM tIrthaMkara kSatriya the| ata: tIrthaMkaroM ke dvArA upadiSTa samasta tattvajJAna meM adhyAtma-viSayaka prarUpaNa hI sarvAdhika mahanIya rahA hai| AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kA krama vastuta: 'avirata-samyaktva guNasthAna' se hI prArambha ho jAtA hai| kyoMki AtmajJAna evaM mokSasAdhanA kA mUla bAdhakatattva 'mithyAtva' hai, jise 'mithyAdarzana' bhI kahA jAtA hai| sampUrNa bAhya kriyAkalApa milakara bhI mithyAtva kA bAla bhI bAMkA nahIM kara pAte haiN| isIlie AcAryoM ne ekasvara se mithyAtva' ko saMsAra kA mUlakAraNa' kahA hai| isI ko 'mukhya baMdhahetu' bhI sarvatra pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| ___ vastuta: Atmatattva ke azraddhAna yA viparIta zraddhAna kA nAma hI 'mithyAtva' hai, ata: anya bAhya kriyAoM se mithyAtva ko koI hAni nahIM hotI hai| AtmajJAnazUnya ve kriyAyeM isIprakAra haiM, jaise cehare para lage dAga ko darpaNa meM dekhakara darpaNa ko poMchane kI ceSTA krnaa| paradRSTi se to mithyAtva puSTa hotA hai| yaha paradRSTi kI hI to mahimA hai ki katipayajanoM ko mithyAtva baMdhakA kAraNa' yA 'saMsAra kA hetu' nahIM dikhatA hai| yahA~ taka ki sampUrNa AgamoM meM spaSTa mithyAtva ke baMdhakAraNatva kA spaSTa nirdeza hote hue bhI mAtra pUrvAgraha se ve apanI bAta para dRr3ha haiN| isa prasaMga meM AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI 'gommaTasAra' graMtha kI vaha gAthA smaraNa AtI hai 004 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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"suttAdo taM sammaM darasijjaMtaM jadA Na saddahadi / so ceva havadi micchAdiTThI jIvo tado pahudi / 1 artha:- Agama ke sUtragraMthoM sahI tathya dikhAye jAne para bhI jo use nahIM mAnatA hai, ( tathA apane pUrvAgraha para dRr3ha rahatA hai), to vaha vyakti tatkAla mithyAdRSTi ho jAtA hai kiMtu yaha kathana to Agama ke vacanoM kA jJAna na hone para anyathA prarUpaNa kara dene vAle samyagdRSTi ke prati hai| tathA jinheM adhyAtma tattva - viSayaka carcA bhI na suhAye, mUla tattvajJAna ke sambandha meM hI sahI nirNaya na ho; unake to 'prathamopazama samyagdarzana' kA bhI vizvAsa honA kaThina hai / AtmajJAna evaM AtmadhyAna hI 'adhyAtmavidyA' ke mUla pratipAdya viSaya haiM tathA inhIM se 'mithyAtva karma' naSTa hokara jIva AtmasAdhanA ke patha yA mokSamArga para agrasara hotA hai| yaha prakriyA 'asaMyata samyagdRSTi' nAmaka caturtha guNasthAna se prArambha ho jAtI hai| isa bAre meM AcArya brahmadeva sUri likhate haiM "jitamithyAtva-rAgAditvena ekadezajinA: asaMyatasamyagdRSTayAdayaH / " - ( vRhadravyasaMgraha, gAthA 1 kI TIkA, pRSTha 5 ) yahA~ para asaMyatasamyagdRSTi ko 'ekadezajina' saMjJA kA prayoga dhyAtavya hai / jayasenAcArya ne to mithyAdRSTi ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI ko sAdhakoM ko 'ekadezajina' saMjJA dI hai-- "sAsAdanAdi-kSINakaSAyAntA ekadezajinA ucyante / " - ( 'pavayaNasAra', gAthA 101 kI 'tAtparyavRtti' TIkA) artha:-- 'sAsAdana' nAmaka dvitIya guNasthAna se lekara 'kSINakaSAya' nAmaka bArahaveM guNasthAna- paryanta sabhI ke 'ekadezajina' kahA gayA hai I isIprakAra 'bhAvapAhuDa' gAthA 1 kI TIkA meM spaSTarUpa se 'zrAvaka' zabda kA bhI ullekha karate hue 'aviratasamyagdRSTi' ko 'ekadezajina' kahA gayA hai-- "saptaprakRtikSayaM kRtvaikadezajinA: saddRSTayaH zrAvakAdayaH / " artha:-- mithyAtva karma kI tIna evaM anaMtAnubaMdhI kaSAya kI cAra - isaprakAra sAta prakRtiyoM ko naSTa karake samyagdRSTi zrAvaka Adi bhI 'ekadezajina' kahalAte haiN| AcArya vIrasena svAmI ne 'svasaMvedana' ko hI 'samyagdarzana' kahA hai"svasaMvedanaM saddarzanamiti lakSyanirdeza / " - (dhavalA, 1/1/1/4, pRSTha 150 ) avirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna se hI dharmadhyAna kA svAmitva AcAryoM ne pratipAdita kiyA hai-- "kiM ca kaizca dharmasya catvAra svAmina: smRtA: / saddRSTyAdyapramattAntA yathAyogya - hetunA / / " prAkRtavidyAjanavarI-mArca 2000 -- (A0 zubhacandra, 'jJAnArNava', 26/ 28 ) 00 5

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artha:- asaMyata samyagdRSTi, saMyatAsaMyata, pramattasaMyata aura apramattasaMyata -- ina cAra guNasthAnoM (cauthe se sAtaveM taka) meM vidyamAna bhavyAtmAoM ko 'dharmadhyAna kA svAmI' mAnA gayA hai| vastuta: AtmadhyAna ke dvArA hI mithyAtva kA kSaya karake jIva saMsAramArga se haTakara jIvana meM mokSamArga kI zurUAta karatA hai| anya kisI kA dhyAna karane se mithyAtva kI hAni saMbhava hI nahIM hai| isa tathya ko puSTa karate hue AcArya vAdIbhasiMha sUri sAMketika zailI meM likhate haiM___"dhyAtA garuDabodhena, na hi hanti viSaM bkH|" -(kSatracUr3AmaNi, 6/23) / artha:- jaise garur3a ke dhyAna se hI sarpa kA viSaya utara sakatA hai, na ki bagule ke dhyAna se; usIprakAra AtmadhyAna se hI anAdi mithyAtvarUpI viSa utara sakatA hai, anya kisI parapadArtha ke dhyAna se nhiiN| arihaMtAdi ko jo 'samyagdarzana kA nimitta' kahA gayA hai, vaha bhI isI dRSTi se kahA gayA hai ki ve svayaM nirantara AtmadhyAna meM lIna 'Adarza' pratimAna haiN| vastuta: to unase preraNA evaM mArgadarzana prApta kara jIva svayaM AtmadhyAna karatA hai, usI ke dvArA 'samyagdRSTi' banatA hai| isa tathya ko paramapUjya AcArya kundakunda ina zabdoM meM abhivyakta karate haiM "appA appammi rado sammAdiTThI phuDo jiivo|" - (bhAvApAhuDa, gAthA 31) artha:- AtmA apane AtmasvarUpa meM nirata (lIna) hotA huA hI vastuta: samyagdRSTi hotA hai| ata: kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'AtmAdarzana' hI 'samyagdarzana' hai, jise mokSa-mahala kI / prathama sIr3hI' kahA gayA hai| isake binA to mokSamArga kI kalpanA bhI nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| isIlie AcArya mAghanandi ne 'AtmA ko hI nizcaya se zaraNa' kahA hai__"nimittaM zaraNaM paJcaguravo gaunn-mukhytaa| zaraNyaM zaraNaM svasya svayaM ratnatrayAtmakam / / " -(zAstrasAra-samuccaya, padya 10, pRSTha 298) artha:- vyavahAra se paMcaparameSThI nimittarUpa se zaraNa kahe gaye haiM tathA nizcaya se ratnatrayAtmaka nijAtmatattva hI apane lie zaraNabhUta hai| caturtha guNasthAnavAle avirata samyagdRSTi ke lie yaha AtmadhyAna atyanta sUkSmakAla ke lie hotA hai, jabaki dezavirata guNasthAna vAle jIva ke lie isase kucha adhika aura chaThave-sAtaveM guNasthAnoM meM jhUlane vAle mahAvratiyoM ke lie isakA kAla aura adhika ho jAtA hai tathA ve niyamata: antamuhUrta mAtra kAla meM AtmAnubhUti karate hI rahate haiN| ata: isa AtmadhyAna meM hI sampUrNa zreSThatAoM ko samAhita mAnA gayA hai 006 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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"guNa-zIlAni sarvANi, dharmAzcAtyantanirmala: / sambhAvyate paraM jyAti: jyotistadekamanutiSThataH / / " -(padmanandi-paMcaviMzatiH, ekatvabhAvanA, 42) artha:- jo sAdhaka yati usa caitanyajyotisvarUpa Atmatattva kA dhyAna karatA hai, vahI caurAsI lAkha uttaraguNoM kA evaM aTThAraha hajAra prakAra ke zIlavratoM kA dhAraka hai| usI yati ke nirmala dhyAna hotA hai-- aisA nizcaya se jAnanA caahiye| isIliye siddhoM ke dhyAna ko 'vyavahAra sAmAyika' evaM siddhasamAna nija zuddhAtmatattva ke dhyAna ko 'nizcaya sAmAyika' kahA gayA hai "siddhasarUvaM jhAyadi, ahavA jhANuttamaM sasaMvedaM / khaNamekkamavicalaMNo, uttama-sAmAiyaM tassa / / " -(A0 vasunandi, taccaviyAro, 8/166) artha:- jo bhavyAtmA siddha paramAtmA ke svarUpa kA dhyAna karate haiM, use 'sAmAyika' kahA gayA hai| kiMtu yadi vaha kSaNa bhara ke lie bhI avicala (ekAgracitta) hokara svasaMvedana dhyAna karatA hai, to usake uttama sAmAyika' hotI hai| isa prakAra se jaba ekAgra-cintAnirodha kI sthiti hotI hai, usI sthiti ko 'zuddhAtmA' saMjJA dI gayI hai "ekAgraciMtAnirodhasamaye zuddhAtmA syAt / " -(A0 amRtacandrasUri, pavayaNasAro, gA0 191 kI TIkA) aise AtmadhyAna karanevAle 'svavaza' sAdhaka jIva ko 'jinendra bhagavAn se 'kiMcit nyUna' kahA gayA hai-- "svavazo jIvanamukta: kiMcinnyUno jineshvraadessH|" -(NiyamasAro, gA0 243 kI TIkA) aise svAtmaniSTha sAdhaka jIva hI kAyotsarga' tapa yA 'vyutsarga tapa' ko vastuta: kara pAte haiM- "kAyAdI paradavve thira bhAvaM pariharittu appANaM / tassa have taNusaggaM jo jhAyadi NivvidappeNa / / " -(NiyamasAro, gA0 121) - artha:- zarIra Adi paradravyoM meM sthiratA kA yA Asakti kA bhAva chor3akara jo nirvikalpa hokara AtmA kA dhyAna karatA hai, use hI nizcaya se 'kAyotsarga' kI prApti hotI hai| AcAryapravara kundakunda ne aise 'kAyotsarga' ko mokSamArga kA upakAraka' evaM 'ghAtiyA karmoM kA vinAzaka batAyA hai "kAussaggaM mokkhapahe dehasamaM ghAdikamma adicaarN| icchAmi ahiTThAduM jiNasevida desidttaado||" -(mUlAcAra, 7/651) artha:- yaha 'kAyotsarga' mokSamArga kA upakAraka hai, ghAtiyA karmoM kA vinAzaka bhI prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 007

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hai| ise maiM hRdaya se svIkAra karatA hU~, kyoMki isakA vItarAga jinendra bhagavantoM ne sevana kiyA hai aura upadeza bhI diyA hai| Agama-granthoM ke Aloka meM uparivarNita vivaraNa se AtmasAdhanA kA mokSamArga meM spaSTa mahattva siddha hai| ina AgamagraMthoM ke pramANoM kA kisI bhI prakAra ke pUrvAgraha se virodha yA upekSA karane se sampUrNa jainazAsana hI saMkaTa meM par3a sakatA hai - aisA jJAniyoM ne spaSTarUpa se kahA hai "nazyatyeva dhruvaM sarvaM zrutAbhAve'tra zAsanam / tasmAtsarvaprayatnena zrutasAraM samuddharet / / zrutAttattvaparAmarza: zrutAtsvasamayavarddhanam / tIrthezAbhAvata: sarvaM zrutAdhInaM hi zAsanam / / -(A0 yaza:kIrti, prabodhasAra, 3/63-64) artha:- zruta (Agama) kA abhAva (upekSA, virodha) karane para to samasta jainazAsana kA vinAza ho jaayegaa| ata: harasaMbhava prayatna karake zruta ke sAratattva (sAra padAratha AtmA) kA uddhAra karanA caahiye| zruta 'zAstra' se hI tattvoM kA parAmarza hotA hai aura isase hI jainazAsana kI abhivRddhi hotI hai| tIrthaMkara-bhagavantoM ke abhAva meM jainazAsana zruta (Agama yA zAstra) ke hI adhIna hai| ___ ina Agama granthoM ke anusAra jisakI buddhi kAma nahIM karatI hai, inheM svIkArane ko tatpara nahIM ho pAtI hai, use AcAryoM ne 'durbuddhi' yA 'duSTabuddhi' kahA haidurmedhava suzAstre vA taraNI na cltyt:|" -(A0 zubhacandra, pANDavapurANa, 12/254) artha:- duSTabuddhi hitakArI zAstroM meM calAne para (prarita karane para) bhI nahIM calatI ____ ata: AgamagranthoM meM nihita AtmahitakArI tathyoM ko upAdeyabuddhi se samajhanA aura svIkAra karanA hI mukhya prayojana hai| tathA zAstroM meM AtmA kA saccA hita kahA gayA "dharma: zuddhopayoga: syAt / " sabhI dharmAnurAgIjana ise binA kisI pUrvAgraha ke Agama ke Aloka meM svIkAreM tathA apanA jIvana maMgalamaya bnaayeN| saMsAramArga aura mokSamArga mithyAdarzana-jJAna-cAritrANi sNsaarmaargH| -(tattvArtha zlokavArtika) artha:- mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna aura mithyAcAritra saMsAra ke kAraNa haiN| samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrANi mokssmaargH| -(tattvArthasUtra 1/1) artha:- samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra mokSa ke sAdhana haiN| ** 008 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga - AcArya vidyAnanda munirAja - 'yAvati vindajIvo:' / - ( kAtantra, 4/6/9/799 ) artha: yAni jaba taka jItA hai taba taka par3hatA hai / 'NaM cAbhIkSNye dvizca padaM / - (vahI, 4/6/5/797) prakAza se dRSTi, prakAza se abhaya ajJAna timira hai aura jJAna Aloka / ajJAna mRtyu hai aura jJAna amrtaa| ajJAna viSa hai aura jJAna amRta / ajJAna kA AvaraNa rahate manuSya kisI bAta ko jAna nahIM sakatA / andhakAra meM calane vAlA kisI kUpa - vANI - tar3Aga meM gira sakatA hai, kisI viSadhara nAga para pA~va rakha kara viSakIlita ho sakatA hai aura Age kA patha na sUjhane ke kAraNa mArgacyuta bhI ho sakatA hai; parantu jisane dIpaka hAtha meM liyA hai vaha sukhapUrvaka pathavartI kIla-kaNTakoM se apanI surakSA karatA huA gantavya dhruvoM ko pA letA hai; isIlie prakAza yA Aloka prANiyoM ko priya pratIta hotA hai| pUrva dizA se Aloka- kiraNa ke darzana karate hI pakSI Ananda-kalarava karane lagate haiM; nIr3a chor3akara vistRta gagana meM ur3a calate haiM; kyoMki prakAza se unheM dRSTi milI hai, abhaya milA hai| RSiyoM ne 'Rgveda' meM uSA kI stuti kI hai, kyoMki usI ke aruNagarbha se sUrya kA janma hotA hai| ve aJjalibaddha hokara paramAtmA kI prArthanA karate hue yAcanA karate haiM'tamaso mA jyotirgmy'| (he prabho ! le cala hameM andhakAra se prakAza kI ora); kyoMki prakAza hI padArthoM ke sAkSAtkAra meM sahAyaka hai / tyAgiyoM kI caryA prakAza kI upasthiti meM hI hotI hai| jaba taka prakAza nahIM hotA, unheM gamanAgamana - - niSedha hai / 'IryA samiti' ke pAlana meM Aloka sahAyaka hai / yaha Aloka jaba AtmanirIkSaNa meM pravRtta hotA hai, taba 'jJAna' kahalAtA hai| manuSya ghaTa - paTAdi padArthoM ko jaise sUryAloka athavA kRtrima prakAza (dIpakAdi) dvArA jAnatA hai, vaise hI vaha 'mRNmayo'yaM ghaTaH, tantumayo'yaM paTa:' (yaha ghaTa mRttikArUpa tathA yaha vastra tantu samUha rUpa hai) ise jJAna dvArA jAnatA hai / jise jJAna nahIM hai, vaha ghaTa tathA paTa ko dekha kara bhI unake viSaya meM aparicita hai / isalie jise janmanA jijJAsAvRtti milI hai, jisameM zodha - cintana kI abhilASA jAgRta hai, vaha jJAna prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000 009

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upAsanA dvArA hI vastusvarUpa kA nirNaya karane kI utkaNThA rakhatA hai| mAnava-zarIra meM sabhI aMga mahattvapUrNa haiM, parantu netroM kA sthAna sarvopari hai| yadi netra nahIM haiM, to zarIra kA bhAra pahAr3a ho jAtA hai| eka caraNa kI dUrI kosa bhara lagane lagatI hai| saMsAra ke rocaka vilAsa, puSpAvali ke cittAkarSaka raMga, rAjamArga para apane pairoM se ni:zaMka caMkramaNa--sabhI adRSTa ho kara jIvana kI zUnyatA se rikta kara dete haiN| vaha apane priyajanoM kA mukha nahIM dekha sakatA, svAdhyAya nahIM kara pAtA aura hAtha-paira hote hue paMgu ho jAtA hai| yahI dayanIya sthiti usakI hai, jo jJAna-netrahIna hai| 'hitaM hitvA hite sthitvA durdhII:khAyate bhRzam / ' - (AtmAnuzAsana 146) --kubuddhi manuSya hitamArga ko chor3akara tathA ahitamArga ko aMgIkAra kara aneka du:kha uThAtA hai| samyagjJAna-vaMcitoM ke bhAgya meM viparItArtha-darzana-vRtti hI prAtisvika rUpa meM prApta hai| jJAnavAn ke caraNoM meM kuNThA kI agati nahIM hotii| vaha padArthoM ke Abhyantara evaM bAhya-ubhayasvarUpa ko jAnane se apane dvArA kriyamANa vyavahAra tathA nizcaya meM saMzayarahita hotA hai| bhartRhari ne vidyA tathA jJAna se vaMcitoM ko manuSya zarIradhArI mRga (pazu) kahA hai| itanA hI nahIM, vaha to yahA~ taka kahate haiM ki 'durgama vanoM meM vanacaroM ke sAtha kAlakSepa karanA to ThIka hai, parantu mahendra ke svarga meM bhI maryoM kI saMgati meM rahanA ucita nhiiN|' prazasta jIvana kI kalA, jIvita rahane kA phala, Ananda ke mArga, AtmaparamAtmaparAmarza grAhya-agrAhya-vastu-vijJAna, nirAkulatA ityAdi kI samprApti jJAna binA saMbhava nhiiN| cAhe koI vidvAn kA ziSya bane, parantu mUoM kA puru' pada svIkAra na kre| yaha moha bhI ajJAna se paricAlita hai| jJAna : kucha ghara se, kucha bAhara se ___ ajJAnI vyakti nadI meM pA~va rakhatA hai, to ibane kA bhaya hai; yadi yajJavedI para baiThatA hai, to jala jAne kA Dara hai; yadi use phala kharIdane bheja diyA jAe, to vaha madhura phaloM ko chor3akara kaTu-tikta-kaSAya kharIda legA; kyoMki na use amRta kA jJAna hai aura na viSa kI priikssaa| vaha hitAhita-jJAna se zUnya hai; isIlie samAja (manuSya-jAti) meM pAThazAlAoM kI vidhi hai| aneka viSaya use vidyAzAlAoM meM par3hAye jAte haiM aura ekaprakAra se laukika jJAna pradAnakara saMsAra-yAtrA ke lie upayukta kiyA jAtA hai| pazu-pakSI bhI apane-apane apatyoM (saMtAnoM) ko jAtigata-jJAna kI paramparA pradAna karate haiN| isaprakAra kucha jJAna use ghara se, kucha bAhara se prApta ho jAtA hai| yaha jJAna ke viSaya meM laukika apekSA se kiyA gayA sAmAnya nirvacana hai| or3hA huA jJAna hitAnubandhi jJAnam' jJAna ke viSaya meM yaha atyAvazyaka parAmarza hai ki vaha hitAnubandhI honA cAhiye; kyoMki ise Aloka athavA prakAza kahA hai| prakAza agni se, 00 10 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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sUrya se aura dIpaka se bhI milatA hai| yadi koI dIpaka se padArtha-darzana ke sthAna para apane vastra jalA le, to yaha usakA durupayoga hogaa| yadi vijJAna se vidhvasaMka-prakSepAstroM kA nirmANa kiyA jAtA hai aura nirmANa athavA mAnava-kalyANa meM usako vismRta kiyA jAtA hai, to yaha dIpaka lekara kayeM meM girane ke samAna hogaa| ___ ise hI kahate hai--hayopAdeyavijJAna' / yadi jJAna-prApti ke pazcAt bhI itanI upalabdhi nahIM huI, to zAstrapATha zukapATha' hI rhaa| 'vyarthaM zrama: zrutau' kahate hue 'kSatracUr3AmaNi'-kAra ne isakI bhartsanA kI hai| vastuta: jisane anna ko apanA rasa, rakta, mA~sa banA liyA hai, usI ne AhAra kA pariNAma prApta kiyA hai; kintu jisake AmAzaya meM ajIrNa-doSa hai, vaha udara meM rakhane mAtra se annabhukti ke Arogya-pariNAma ko prApta nahIM kara sktaa| jo jJAna ko Upara se or3hakara ghUmatA hai, usake uttarIya ko kabhI koI utAra le sakatA hai; parantu jisane jJAna ko svasampatti ke rUpa meM upArjita kiyA hai, use koI chIna nahIM sakatA; ata: jJAnopArjana meM jJAna kI pavitratA ke sAtha-sAtha use apane se abhinna pratiSThita karane kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| jaba agni aura uSNatA, jala aura zItalatA ke avinAbhAvI-sambandha ke samAna guNa aura guNI ekarUpa ho jAte haiM, tabhI unameM avyabhicAribhAva kA udaya hotA hai| jJAnI aura jJAna bhI AdhArAdheya mAtra na rahakara prANa-sampatti hone caahiye| aise jJAna kI upAsanA meM manuSya ko zAstrAgni meM praveza karanA par3atA hai| vidagdha' vahI hotA hai, jo suvarNa ke samAna Agama-vahni-vizuddha ho| yadi jJAna-prApti meM apane ko tapAyA nahIM, zrama tathA tapa kI agni kA sAkSAt upAsanA nahIM kI, to vaha jJAna 'adu:kha-bhAvita-jJAna' hai| jJAna ko tapa dvArA pAne se yaha Age tapta nahIM hotA, jJAna meM saMsAra ke sabhI du:khoM kA cintana kara lene para jJAna du:khoM se paritrANa karane meM samartha hotA hai| kaccA kumbha jaise jalasparza se vigalita ho jAtA hai, vaise korA jJAna du:kha kI A~ca meM dagdha ho jAtA hai; ata: paripakva jJAna-prApti kA upAya-cintana karanA caahie| yaha jJAna manuSya-bhava meM hI ho sakatA hai, ata: prApta karane meM Alasya nahIM rakhanA caahiye| AcArya guNabhadra ne 'AtmAnuzAsana' (94) meM kahA hai ki 'prajJA (jJAna) durlabha hai aura yadi ise isa janma meM prApta nahIM kiyA, to anya janma meM yaha atyanta durlabha hai; kyoMki anya janma manuSya paryAyavAn ho, yaha likhita pramANa patra nahIM hai; ata: eka janma kA pramAda kitane itane janmoM ke antara vizodhanIya ho, yaha anirvacanIya hai| dhImAnoM ne isI hArda ko lakSya meM rakhate hue kahA hai--'pramAdaM vai mRtyumahaM bravImi' arthAt prANAnta honA hI mRtyu nahIM hai, pramAda hI mRtyu hai| apramatta ko mRtyu eka bAra AtI hai; parantu pramAdI pratikSaNa maratA hai| 'pramAde satyadha:pAtAt' yahI kahatA hai| parigrahoM kA visarjana pramAda kI urvarabhUmi moha hai| moha ke udaya se rAga-dveSa kA udaya hotA hai| rAga-dveSa prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 00 11

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ko jJAnavahni hI dagdha kara sakatI hai| moha-vraNa kI cikitsA ke lie jJAna kA zalyopacAra Avazyaka hai| isIprakAra ananta sukha kI prApti ke lie mohatara kA nirmUlana apekSita hai| zAstrAdhyayana karane para bhI mohAvasthA kA kuhama (tama, andhakAra) anta:karaNa meM vidyamAna hai, to pustakoM ke pRSTha ulaTane kA zrama kisa kAma kA? 'buddhe: phalaM hyAtmahitapravRtti:' jJAna kA vAstavika lAbha sAMsArika vibhutAoM kA vistAra karane kI yogyatA nahIM hai, dekhA jAtA hai ki bhautika vaibhava to ajJAnatimirAndhoM ke pAsa bhI pracura hai| ye davAgamanabhoyAnacAmarAdivibhUtiyA~' to mAyAviyoM ke nikaTa bhI haiM, kintu yaha mahattva kA sUcana nahIM hai| jJAnI to use kahanA hogA, jisane Atmahita ko jAna liyA hai aura zaratkAla meM apane sundara paMkhoM kA parityAga karanevAle mayUra ke samAna parigrahoM kA svata: visarjana kara diyA hai| karmasRSTi ke AdikAla se samudraparyanta pRthvI ke zAsana kA parityAga kara sanyAsarUpa prazamaikavRtti ko aMgIkAra karane vAle zrIvRSabha varddhamAnAdikoM ne zAstrapariNAma ko, buddhisamAgama ko, vivekakhyAti ko isI Atmahita-pravRtti meM niyojita karate hue samagra vidyAtmavapuSmatA tathA niraMjana pada prApta kiyA hai| bhagavAn kI jJAnAtmatAkA vijayI ghoSa unake 'vizvacakSu' vizeSaNa meM hai| vizvacakSu' arthAt jinake netra vizva-dRSTA haiM, jo sarvajJa ke jJAnabhAsvara puNyAbhidhAna se lokavizruta haiM; unheM 'caturmukha' kahane kA yahI abhiprAya hai ki unakI jJAnAtmikA dRSTi yadi sarvatodika hai, to mukha-vivartana kara kisI dizA vizeSa meM dekhane kA prayAsa unheM nahIM karanA hotaa| ananta jJAna hI unake ananta netra haiN| vAstava meM jJAna-vihIna ko indriyA~ bhI upakAraka nahIM ho pAtI tathA jJAnI netroM kI sahAyatA ke binA bhI atIndriya pratyakSa karate rahate haiN| upaniSad' kI bhASA meM kahA gayA hai ki-'kazcid dhIra: pratyagAtmAnamaikSadAvRttacakSuramRtatva micchan saMsAra ke prAya: sabhI prANI apanI indriyoM ko bahirmukha rakhate haiM tathA bAharI jagat kA Ananda lete haiN| unameM koI dhIra puruSa aisA bhI hotA hai, jo apanI indriyoM kI isa bahirvRtti kA nirodha kara use antarmukha karatA hai tathA Atmasthita ho kara amRtapAna karane meM samartha ho jAtA hai| unmajjanti nimajjanti jalakallolavajjale' isa svAtmArAma sthiti ko AtmalInAvasthA meM sarvajJa hI prApta karate haiM na tasya kArya karaNaM ca vidyate' usa paramAtmA ko na koI kArya hai aura na indriyA~ haiN|' unakA antaraMga evaM bahiraMga AtmA hai| unhoMne Atmabhinna samasta paudagalika vibhAvoM kA parityAga kara diyA hai| jaise sarpa ne kaMcukI utAra phaikI ho, jaise hima-zilAoM ne apine tuSArakirITa ko utAra diyA ho, jaise candanakASTha ne apane-Apako dagdhakara nAma rUpAtmakatA kA visarjana kara diyA ho| unheM hI jJAna kI vAstavikatA prApti huI, aisA kahanA caahiye| AcAryazrI samantabhadra ne AgamaparamparAgata 00 12 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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jJAna kA nirUpaNa karate hue kahA hai ki vaha jJAna adbhuta kSamatAvAna hai| padArtha ko jAnane meM vaha usa vastu kI, na to eka kalA nyUna karake jAnatA hai aura na adhika bakhAnatA hai| vaha jJAna use viparItArtha meM bhI pariNata nahIM karatA tathA sandindha-avasthA bhI nahIM rkhtaa| usI jJAna ko naiyAyika 'pramANa' nAma se pukArate haiN| kyoMki 'pramANa' hita kI prApti meM tathA ahita ke nivartana meM samartha hai, use yathArtha jJAna kahA jA sakatA hai| mahAtmAoM ke vacana isI jJAna ko lakSya karate haiN| paMDita daulatarAmajI ne 'chahaDhAlA' meM muniyoM ke vacana ko jJAna-sampanna pratipAdita karate hue kahA hai ki jaga suhitakara saba ahitahara zrutisukhada saba saMzaya hreN| bhramarogahara jinake vacana mukhacandra se amRta jhre|| heyopAdeya vijJAna ve vacana saMsAra kA hita karanevAle, ahita-kI-nivRtti meM sahAyaka, karNapriya, samasta saMzayoM kA uccheda karane meM samartha, tathA bhrAntirUpa mahAroga ke haraNa karanevAle haiN| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki unakA zabda-pravAha mAno mukha-rUpa indu se amRta kI binduyeM Tapaka rahI hoN| isa pracalita artha se alaga yaha pada bhagavatI jinavANI kA bhI varNana karatA hai| paNDitajI ne 'jinake vacana' kahate hue yahI vizeSArtha dhvanita kiyA hai ki bhagavAn jinendra ke vacana hI saMsAra ke hitakArI hai| ahitaparAGmukha, zruti (karNa) ko sukhadAyI tathA samasta saMzaya-viplAvaka haiN| ve hI bhramaroga haranevAle (caturazItilakSa yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa ke mahAroga kA mokSamArga dvArA vinAza karane meM kuzala) haiM tathA divyadhvani se amRtavarSI haiN| yaha pada hayopAdeya vijJAna' ke samastArtha ko dyotita karate hue jinendra-vacana ko 'suhitakara tathA ahitahara-hitAhita-prAptiparihArAtmaka nirUpita karatA hai| jJAna-dIpa kI pratiSThA kriyA kriyAjanita-pariNAmoM se hI prazaMsita hotI hai| gau yadi zarIra se sundara hai, kintu dogdhrI nahIM hai, to usakA kAyika cArutva abhinandya nahIM hotA; arthAt jaise dhenu kA rUpa usake kSIravarSIstana haiM, nukIle zRMga nahIM; vaise jJAna kA phala ajJAnanivRtti hai| yadi jJAnavAn aura ajJa vyaktiyoM kI kriyAyeM samAna haiM, unameM jJAna ne avaratA aura pravaratA kI bheda-rekhAyeM prasUta nahIM kI hai, to vaha aniyojita jJAna hai| 'na hi vahnimahaM jAnAmIti buvran taddAhazaktiM pratipadyate na vA guDamAcakSANo mAdhuryaM svadate' kisI ne dUra se dekhakara kaha diyA ki maiM agni ko jAnatA hU~', kyA usane usake dAhakatva kA sparza bhI kiyA hai? athavA koI gur3a kA nAma le le, to kyA gur3aniSTha madhuratA kA anubhava ho jAtA hai? heyopAdeya padArthoM ko jAnakara yadi koI unheM a~guliparyoM para gina detA hai, to use jJAnakhasUcI' kahanA saMgata hogaa| jJAna ke nAma se AkAza kI ora mukha uThAkara tAre ginanevAle nire jJAnakhasUcI nahIM to kyA haiM? jJAnArjana kA abhiprAya hai tanmaya ho jaanaa| prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 00 13

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jaba vahni aura uSNatA ke samAna jJAna aura jJAnI meM ekIbhAva ho, taba jJAna caritArtha samajhanA caahiye| jalatA huA dIpaka dekhakara koI yaha prazna nahIM karatA ki "kyA yaha dIpaka jala rahA hai?" 'pratyakSe kiM pramANam' - hAtha kaMgana ko ArasI kyA; jisane Atmapradeza meM jJAnadIpa kI pratiSThA kI hai, use dekhakara dRSTA ko svataH pratIti honI cAhiye ki vaha kisI jJAnadIpita zakti ke samakSa upasthita hai| ise hI to kahate haiM 'mokSamArgamavAgmavisargaM vapuSA nirUpayantaM'; aise muni mahArAja, jo vANI se uccAraNa kiye binA sAkSAt mokSamArga kA apane deha se hI nirUpaNa karane meM samartha hoM / ' indra jinakI vItarAga - mudrA ko sahasra netroM se apalaka dekhakara thake nahIM / yaha adhIta-svAdhyAya kA phala honA cAhiye, antarniviSTa jJAna - jyoti kI caitanya - zalAkA kA pratibhAsI unmeSa honA cAhiye / jJAnAgni meM sarvasamarpaNa. 1 jaba agni meM kASTha DAlA jAtA hai, taba agni usake nAmarUpa kA haraNakara letI hai aura 'agni' isa svarAjya kI ekamAtra navIna saMjJA se usakA sambodhana karatI hai / vaha kASTha bAhara-bhItara agni ho jAtA hai / jJAnAgni meM jisane apanA sarvasamarpaNa kara diyA, use 'avAgvisargaM' kI yogyatA avazya pAnI caahie| koI kASTha agni meM jAkara kATha nahIM raha jAtA; phira jJAna samarpita vyakti abhIkSNa upayoga dvArA tanmaya kyoM nahIM ho ? nirdhUma aMgAra kI jyoti samasta agni se milatI huI hotI hai / kASThoM kI pRthak jAtiyA~ vahA~ vilIna hokara ni:zeSa ho jAtI haiM / jJAnAgni se samasta karmendhanoM ko jalA / 1 denevAle paramAtmA rUpa hI ho jAte haiM / AcArya guNabhadra kahate haiM ki "he bhavya ! lokapaMkti meM Ane kI icchA na rakhate hue zAstra ko vaisA par3ho tathA prasiddha kAyakleza ke upAyoM kA Azraya liye binA hI zarIra ko bhI utanA zuSka kara lo ki durjeya kaSAya-viSayoM para vijaya pA sako; kyoMki muni tapa aura zAstrasvAdhyAya - phalita jJAnArjana kA pariNAma zama (sarvathA zAMtibhAva meM sthiti, azeSa AkulatA - parihANa ) ko hI mAnate haiN|" arthAt zAstrapATha kara loga usakA pradarzanarUpa upayoga karane lagate haiM, ve pratipada batAte haiM ki "maiMne amuka zAstra par3hA hai, amuka mujhe kaMThastha hai" tathA apanA kAyakleza to karate haiM; tathApi lokoM ke samakSa yaha bhI DiNDima - ghoSa prakArAMtara se karate rahate haiM ki "maiM tanUdarI kI ora (alpAhAra, upavAsa Adi) vizeSarUpa se avadhAna rakhatA hU~ / " vAstava meM tapa aura zAstrasvAdhyAyarUpa kriyAyeM bahiraMga pradarzana kA pratyAkhyAna karatI haiN| unakA prAptavya to anta:zAMti hai / zamaikavRttidhanoM kA vaha upAsya -mArga hai| zAstra par3hakara lokapaMkti meM khar3e honevAle kabhI sacce svAdhyAyI nahIM ho sakate; kyoMki unake AtmatoSa kA sAdhana lokapaMkti hai, U~ce maMca para pA~ca vidvAnoM meM baiThane se unheM sukha pratIti hotI hai| isakA prakArAntara se yaha artha huA ki zAstrAdhyayana ke samaya unheM 014 prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca 2000

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Ananda kI anubhUti nahIM hotii| aisI sthiti meM to kahanA cAhiye ki jaise vArAMganA apane ko bahumUlya vastrAlaMkAroM se sajjita kara usase taba taka santuSTa nahIM hotI, jaba taka usakA koThe para pradarzana na kara le| usIprakAra vaha vyakti jo jJAna ko usI paNyavIthiyoM meM khIMca le jAnA cAhatA hai, tathA vahA~ prApta 'vAha-vAha' se apane svAdhyAya ko siddha mAnatA hai, vaha bhUla meM hai aura gopanIya maNi ko alpamUlya para becakara sukha mAnatA hai| ___ 'Rgveda' meM isI Azaya ko sparza karatI huI eka RcA meM kahA gayA hai ki vidyA brahmajJAnI ke pAsa Akara bolI - "merI rakSA kro| maiM tumhArI nidhi huuN|" brahmajJAnI ne pUchA- "amba ! tumhArI rakSA kisa prakAra karU~? sarasvatI ne batAyA- "guNoM meM doSadarzI, zaTha, mithyAbhASI, indriya lolupa vyakti ko mujhe mata denaa| aisA karane se maiM vIryavatI bnuuNgii|" aho ! jJAna dene se pUrva guru ko jJAna lenevAle kI parakha karanI caahiye| apAtra ko diyA gayA dAna madyapAna athavA dyUta kI bheMTa bhI ho sakatA hai; parantu loga khaTTI chAMcha karane ke lie to pAtra-apAtra kA vicAra rakhate haiM aura jJAna-saMpatti ko phaTI huI paoNkeTa meM paisoM kI taraha rAste meM bikherate calate haiM; isIlie vidyA (jJAna) apane vAstavika phala meM zUnya ho gyii| naukA pAnI meM hI sthira rahatI hai, maidAnoM meM nikalakara logoM kA AvAhana nahIM krtii| jise pAra utaranA ho, vaha svayaM taTa para Akara zulka detA hai| pustaka kA mUlya mAtra vyavasAya ke dRSTikoNa se hI nahIM rakhA jAtA, use Avazyaka hAthoM taka pahu~cAnA bhI usakA uddezya hotA hai| jJAna agni hai, agni kA dharma svAkAravRtti pradAna karanA hai| yahI jJAna kA phala hai| yaha 'jJAna' ratnatraya ke madhya meM virAjamAna mahAmaNi hai| 'indriya-rUpa taskara ise curAne ke lie pratipala udyata haiN| yahA~ mohanidrAvazIbhUta hone se kAma nahIM clegaa| aharniza jAgate rahanA hogaa|' prAta:kAla ke eka bhajana meM kisI ne bahuta sundara prabodha-gIta gAyA hai "uTha, jAga musAphira ! bhora huI, aba raina kahA~ jo sovata hai| jo jAgata hai, so pAvata hai, jo sovata hai, so khovata hai|" / prAya: loga zaiyA se to prAta:kAla dera-savera uTha hI jAte haiM; parantu sAyaMkAla rAtri hote-hote punaH zayana-kakSoM meM pahu~ca jAte haiN| unhIM azita-bhukta viSayoM kA aparivartita dainika AsvAdana karate-karate yama-maMdira ke dIpa-mArga dikhAne A pahu~cate haiN| isaprakAra bhautika rAtri to pratidina asta hotI rahatI hai; parantu adhyAtma-dRSTi se jIvana-paryanta saverA nahIM ho paataa| sUrya ke prakAza meM to laukika timira ke nAza kA anubhava sabhI karate rahate haiM, tathApi AtmaprakAza kA prabhAva bahuta kama vyakti dekha pAte haiN| jJAna hI vaha sUrya hai jisake Aloka meM AtmA ko anastamita (kabhI asta na hone prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 00 15

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vAle) dina kI pratIta hotI hai| yaha jJAna-ratna jisake pAsa ho, vaha pramAda kI zaiyA para kSaNabhara bhI so jAe, to usake luTane kA bhaya rahatA hai| phakIra to kahIM bhI soye, usakI phaTI gudar3I ko cora nahIM lagate; parantu ratna rakhanevAle kI mUrchA usI ke lie hAniprada ho sakatI hai| tIna tyAjya, jIna grAhya __prasamiddha (dIpta) agni kI jvAlA havana-kuNDa ke Upara (bAhara) nikala kara Asa-pAsa upAsInoM ko apanI sattA kA bhAna karAne lagatI hai| isIprakAra anta:karaNa meM virAjamAna jJAna-jyoti AkRti para pratiphalita hone lagatI hai| jJAnAkAravRtti kI usa siddha (niSpanna) avasthA meM Ananda kI avirala payasvinI Atma-samudra meM avatIrNa hotI hai aura netra usake prakAza se chinna-saMzaya Aloka se pradIpta ho uThate haiN| usa jJAna se sAmyAvasthA kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai, jise ahiMsA-zakti ke rUpa meM vizva anubhava karatA hai| 'ahiMsA pratiSThAyAM tatsannidhau vairatyAgaH' (pAtaMjala yogadarzana) ahiMsA kI pratiSThA hone para usa ahiMsaka ke samIpa prANiyoM meM vairatyAga kI bhAvanA kA udaya ho jAtA hai| taba mRgI siMhazizu kA dulAra karane lagatI hai aura gau-vatsa ke samAna bAghapota se vAtsalya jatAne lagatI hai| yaha sahaja zatruoM kA pArasparika maitrIbhAva hai aura jo svabhAvata: mitra haiM unameM taraMgita hone vAle sneha vyApAra kA to varNana kahA~ kiyA jA sakatA hai? yaha ahiMsaka pariNAma durArUr3ha jJAna tapa kI siddhi se hI saMbhAvya hai| jJAnI ke netra viSaya-kaSAya-parichinna nahIM hote| unameM vizva maitrI ke maNidIpa jalate haiN| sakalArthasiddhiyoM kI prApti jJAna se hI hotI hai| jJAna kevala laukika sAdhyoM kI upalabdhi meM hI sahAyaka nahIM, usakI parAkASThA to sarvajJatva meM hai| 'Natthi parokkhaM kiMci vi' sarvajJa se parokSa koI padArtha nahIM hai| jJAna kA sarvAtizAyI pariNAma sarvajJatA meM samAhita hai aura sarvajJatA kA bIja karmakSaya meM hai| karmakSayArthaM tuSamASa-rUpa bhedavijJAna kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai| ___ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra' meM tapasvI ke lie tIna upAdeya aura tIna tyAjyoM kA nirUpaNa karate hue likhA hai-- jo viSayoM kI AzA se atIta hai, Arambha-tyAgI tathA parigraha-rahita hai (ina tInoM ko tyAga cukA hai) evaM jJAna, dhyAna aura tapa meM anurakta hai (ina tInoM para dattAvadhAna hai) vaha tapasvI viziSTa hai, tapasviyoM meM zreSTha hai| yahA~ jJAna ko pramukha batAyA gayA hai; kyoMki jJAnapUrvaka kiyA gayA upavAsa hI vrata hai, jJAnapUrvaka parityakta vastrAdi parigraha hI graMthi-vimokSa hai, jJAnapUrvaka parisor3ha parISaha hI titikSA hai| yadi inameM jJAnAnupUrvI na ho, to vaha upavAsa anna aprAptijanya bubhukSA hai, vaha nivastratA pramAda athavA abhAva hai aura vaha parISaha kAyaratA mAtra hai| abhIkSNatA : jJAna ke dhruvIkaraNa kI prakriyA sAdhAraNata: hone vAlI mRtyu tathA vidhipUrvaka lI gayI 'sallekhanA meM' jJAna-saMyoga kI 0016 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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I mukhya vibhedaka- rekhA hai| jJAna dvArA hI dharma mArga - prabhAvanA kI jA sakatI hai 'jJAnatapodAnajinapUjAvidhinA dharmaprakAzanaM mArga prabhAvanA - ( sarvArthasiddhi, 6/ 24 ) dharma ke prakAzana meM, adharma ke nirmUlana meM, hitAnubandhi-upadeza meM, jJAna mukhya- sahAyaka hai| isIliye 'sarvArthasiddhi' meM sAdhu ke lie samyag jJAnArAdhana meM nitya yuktatA ko 'abhIkSNajJAnopayoga' se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| 'abhIkSNaM tu muhurmuhu:' jIvAdipadArthasvatattvaviSaya meM puna: puna: cintana-manana- nididhyAsana karanA abhIkSNajJAnopayoga hai / 'jIvAdi padArthasvatattvaviSaye samyaga jJAne nityaM yuktatA abhIkSNajJAnopayoga : ' - (sarvArthasiddhi, 6/24) jisaprakAra gau Adi pazu bhukta zasyAdi kA vizrAma ke samaya romanthana ( carvita - carvaNa) karate haiM, vaise hI usa kriyA dvArA azita: bhukta padArthoM kA rasamaya paripAka prApta karate haiM, vaise hI adhIta vidyA kA kriyAsamabhihAra (paunaHpunya) se maMthana karanA abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga hai / - abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga se zrutadRr3hatA kI prApti hotI hai / jisaprakAra gAya ko bA~dhane kA khU~TA eka hI coTa meM gaharA nahIM dha~satA, use bAra-bAra hilA-hilAkara ThoMkakara sudRr3ha kiyA jAtA hai, usIprakAra jJAna ko dhruva karane kI prakriyA 'abhIkSNatA' meM hai / vidyA ke viSaya meM kisI ne bahuta mArmika sUkti likhate hue kahA hai-- vidyA (jJAna) sau bAra ke abhyAsa se AtI hai aura sahasra bAra kiye gaye abhyAsa se sthira hotI hai / yadi use sahasra bAra sahasra se guNita kiyA jA sake to vaha isa janma meM tathA janmAntara meM bhI sAtha nahIM chodd'tii| satat abhyAsa kA nAma hI abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga hai / 'panihArina kI leja sauM sahaja kaTai pASANa' bAra-bAra zilA para sarakatI huI rajju patthara ko bhI kATa detI hai / abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga ke mUla meM avicchinna AtmadhyAna kI bhAvanA hai; kyoMki jJAnopayoga ke abhAva meM mana ko saMbhAlanA kaThina ho jAtA hai / 'zrutaskandhe dhImAn ramayatu manomarkaTamamum' - yaha mana vAnara hai, caMcala hai, ata: apanI caMcalatA ko chor3egA nahIM' - aisA vicArakara ise zAstravRkSa ke skandhadeza para avaroharaNa karane kA ajasra krama de diyA jAe, to yaha usI meM lagA rahegA / 'abhyAsena tu kaunteya' kahate hue gItA meM manonigraha kA upAya abhyAsa ko batAyA gayA hai| abhIkSNatA abhyAsa kA hI nAmAntara hai / 'ajjhayaNameva jhANaM' sUtra meM 'eva' pada abhIkSNatA kA hI bodhaka hai / 'dharmazruta dhanAnAM pratidinaM lavo pi saMgRhyamANo bhavati samudrAdapyadhika:' (somadeva, yazastilakacampUH ) - dharma, zAstra tathA dhana kA lavasaMgraha bhI kAlAntara meM samudra samAna bana jAtA hai|' ataH 'kSaNaza: kaNazazcaiva vidyarthaM cintayet' kSaNa-kSaNa se vidyopArjana hotA hai, aisA vicArate rahanA cAhie / jJAna ko Atma-sampatti banA lene ke pazcAt sampUrNa padArtha svayaM usameM samAhita ho jAte haiN| 'sayaM aTThA NANATThidA savveM - ( pravacanasAra, 35 ) / 1 prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca 2000 00 17

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AtmA meM saba kucha __ jJAna-kI pipAsA kabhI zAnta nahIM hotii| jJAna pratikSaNa nUtana hai, vaha kabhI jIrNa yA purAnA nahIM pdd'taa| svAdhyAya, cintana, tapa, saMyama brahmacarya Adi upAyoM se jJAna-nidhi ko prApta kiyA jAtA hai| jo cintana ke samudra pI jAte haiM, svAdhyAya kI sudhA kA niraMtara AsvAdana karate rahate haiN| saMyama para sumeru samAna acala sthira rahate haiM, ve jJAna-prasAda ke adhikArI hote haiN| jJAnavAn sarvajJa ho jAtA hai| jisa viSaya kA sparza karatA hai, vaha use apanI gAthA svayaM gAkara sunA detA hai| darpaNa meM jaise bimba dikhatA hai, vaise unakI AtmA meM saba kucha jhalakane lagatA hai| jJAnArAdhanA meM DUbe hue loga jJAna ke pathikoM kA mArgadarzana svayaM bhagavatI sarasvatI karatI hai| nyAyazAstra ke vaidika vidvAn kaNAda maharSi ke viSaya meM eka kiMvadantI prasiddha hai ki ve hara samaya graMthAvalokana meM datta-citta rahate the| eka dina mArga calate-calate pustaka par3ha rahe the ki kisI kUpa meM gira par3e; parantu vahA~ bhI girate hI uTha baiThe aura pustaka par3hane lge| unakI vidyAniSThA se bhagavatI prasanna huI aura prakaTa hokara kahA-- kyA cAhate ho? maharSi ne kahA--mArga meM calate samaya par3ha sakU~, isaliye pairoM meM do A~kha lagA do| taba se unakA nAma 'akSapAda' ho gyaa| __aise hI eka anya vidvAn hue haiM, jinakA nAma 'vAcaspati' thaa| bIsa varSa taka. eka dArzanika vyAkhyA-graMtha likhate rahe aura ghara meM upasthita patnI kA bhI unheM patA nahIM claa| bIsa varSa bAda grantha samApti para unheM jJAna huA ki bIte varSoM meM nirantara kaSTa sahanakara grantha-lekhana meM nirAkulatA dene vAlI yaha merI patnI hai| unhoMne patnI ke prati kRtajJatA-jJApana karate hue grantha kA nAma 'bhAmatI' rakhA, jo unakI usa sAdhvI patnI kA nAma thA aura use amara kara diyaa| Aja vaidika darzanadhArA ke vidvAn vAcaspati ko kama aura 'bhAmatI' ko adhika jAnate haiN| jJAnArAdhanA meM DUbe hue loga bhojana kA svAda bhUla jAte haiM; dina-rAta kA bhAna bhUla jAte haiN| padArtha-tatva-jijJAsA meM ve tallIna ho jAte haiN| unhIM ke sAmane vastusvarUpa vyakta hotA hai| abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga kI mahimA kA sarvathA varNana kara sakanA kaThina hai| deharI-dIpaka ___ abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga kA zAstrIya artha hai--jIvAdi padArtha-rUpa svatattvaviSayaka samyagjJAna meM niraMtara lage rhnaa| 'abhIkSNa' zabda kA artha hai nirantara, bAra-bAra abhIkSNaM tu muhurmuhuH (amarakoSa) aura jJAnopayoga ke samAsa-bheda se do artha haiM- 1. jJAna kA upayoga tathA 2. jJAna aura upayoga athavA jJAnapUrvaka AtmA kA upyog| jJAna-cetanA aura drshn-cetnaa| jJAna jIvana kA lakSaNa hai| darzana ke sAtha jJAna kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| 40 18 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca "2000

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darzana- jJAna ke anusAra upayoga arthAt yoga kA sAmIpya cAritra - pAlana hotA hai / isaprakAra jJAnopayoga yaha zabda samyagdarzana - - jJAna - cAritra kA pratipAdaka hai / jaise, bhavana kI dehalI para dharA huA dIpaka prakoSTha ke bhItara aura bAhara donoM ora prakAza karatA hai, vaise jJAnopayoga zabda darzana aura cAritra kA samAhAra karatA hai / phalitArtha yaha huA ki darzana- - cetanAyukta jIvana ( AtmA ) nirantara apane cAritrAtmaka upayoga meM lagA -jJAna rahe / binA jJAna cAritra vyartha yadyapi jIva jJAna-cetanAtmaka hai, tathApi usakA jJAnaparaka upayoga yadi nahIM kiyA jAye, to sakriya huA manovyApAra vyakti ke liye anartha - paraMparAoM kI sRSTi karane lagegA; ata: jaise khaMgadhArA ko teja kiyA jAtA hai, vaise Atmatatva - viSayaka nitya nimagnatA ke lie jJAna kA upayoga karate rahanA hI Atmopalabdhi kA mArga hai / samyagdarzana kA phala samyagjJAna hai aura samyakcAritra samyagjJAna se parizIlita hai| binA jJAna ke cAritra vyartha hai| "klizyantAM svayameva... jJAnaM jJAnaguNaM binA kathamapi prAptuM kSamante nahi" --yaha zloka pukAra -pukAra kara kahatA hai ki cAritra kA pAlana jJAnapUrvaka honA cAhiye / anyathA ajJAna se, pramAda se, unmAda se koI nagna ho jAye aura saMyoga se use morapaMkha aura koI tumbI par3I mila jAe, to unheM uThAkara vaha mahAvratI nirgrantha to nahIM bana jaayegaa| digambara- mudrA (vItarAga mudrA) usI ke mAnI jAyegI, vahI aSTaviMzati mUlaguNoM kA pAlaka hai, guru-paramparA se dIkSita hai / sarvocca sthiti 'nahi jJAnena sadRzaM pavitramiha vidyate' gItA meM kahA hai ki jJAna ke samAna pavitra kucha nahIM hai| sva-para-viveka, heyopAdeya-vijJAna, Atmarati tathA paravirati jJAnodbhava hotI hai| isI vicAra se mahAvratI sAdhu abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga meM lage rahate haiM / sarvajJa zabda jJAna kI sarvocca sthiti hai| dhyAnAgni meM saba karma kSaNamAtra meM bhasma ho jAte haiM aura vaha dhyAnAgni jJAna - rUpa kASTha se prakaTa hotI hai / andhakAra meM nahIM DUbatA svAdhyAya jJAnopayoga kA vyavahAramArga hai aura maiM zuddha, mukta paramAtmA huuN| AtmasvarUpa hU~, vaha jJAnopayoga kA nizcaya pariNAma hai / jaise hama grantha ke akSaroM ko artha rUpa meM pariNata kara upayogI banA lete haiM, vaise jJAna se vizva ke samasta padArtha apane vAstavika svabhAva meM pratIta hone lagate haiM / abhIkSNa jJAnopayogI ajJAna ke andhakAra meM nahIM DUbatA; kyoMki jJAnopayogarUpa sUrya ko jAgrata rakhatA hai| prAkRtavidyA+ janavarI-mArca '2000 OO 19

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avicala jJAna-niSThA ___abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga AtmazAnti aura nirAkulatA utpanna karatA hai| jJAnopayogI ko bAharI bhAna bhUla jAtA hai| saMskRta-vyAkaraNa ke kartA maharSi pANini ziSyoM ko par3hA rahe the| usI samaya eka zera A gyaa| ziSyoM ne bhayabhIta ho kara bhAgate hue kahA"AcArya vyAghra-vyAghra !" parantu pANini bhAge nhiiN| unhoMne vyAghra zabda kI mUla-nirukti prApta kii| unhoMne kahA--'vyAjighrati iti vyAghraH' jisakI sUMghakara pahacAnane kI zakti pradhAna ho, use vyAghra kahate haiN| idhara ve zabda ke sundara bhAvAtmaka artha meM khoye huye the ki vyAghra unheM khA gayA; parantu cAhe sarpa, vyAghra, hAthI kisI kA bhI bhaya upasthita ho, jo abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga meM lage hue haiM unheM jJAna se vyatirikta kucha nahIM suujhtaa| unakI sAmayika, samAdhi, jJAnaniSThA parvatoM ke visphoTa se bhI vicalita nahIM hotii| saMyama : acaMcala manaHsthiti __. mana, vacana, aura kAya-saMyama se jJAna kA akampa-dIpaka jalatA hai| jo ina tInoM ko triveNI-saMgama nahIM de sakatA, usake cacaMla mana kI A~dhiyA~ jJAna-dIpaka ko nirvApita karane kA prayatna karatI rahatI haiN| sad-asad kA viveka jJAna dvArA hI saMbhava hai| saMsAra meM bhI jJAna kA abhIkSNa upayoga karanA hotA hai| mAtA, bhaginI, patnI, sutA ityAdi ke sAtha sAkSAtkAra hote hI jJAnopayoga se vyavahAra-sthiratA utpanna hotI hai| jJAnazUnya ko 'pAgala' kahate haiN| isa loka tathA paraloka meM mArgadarzaka jJAna hI hai| jaise sUrya kI upasthiti meM sabhI padArtha dikhAI dene lagate haiM aura andhakAra meM nahIM sUjhate, vaise jJAnabala se bhautika-Atmika vijJAna kI upalabdhi sugama ho jAtI hai| bhagavAn ko kevala jJAna prApta hone se hI kaivalya (mukti) kI prApti huii| divyadhvani sarvajJa kI sarvottama jJAna-ghana-garjanA hI to hai| traikAlyaM dravyaSaTkaM navapadasahitaM jIvaSaTkAyalezyA' - ityAdi yaha jainAgama kI siddha-mAnyatAyeM gambhIra jJAna-gaveSaNA ke hI pariNAma haiN| jIvana bhara svAdhyAya kareM 'yAvati vindjiivo:'| -(kAtantra, 4-6-9 / / 799 / / pRSTha 237) vRtti--'yaavjjiivmdhiite| yAvantaM jIvati tAvantaM adhIte ityrthH'| artha:-jaba taka jItA hai taba taka par3hatA hI hai| (binA svAdhyAya ke dharmAnurAgI ke jIvana kI kalpanA bhI nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| vizeSata: sAdhuoM ke lie to yaha ati anivArya hai|) kahA bhI hai--'kaMThagade vi pANe hi, sAhuNA Agamo hu kaadvvoN'| -(AcArya zivArya, bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 153) artha:--prANa kaMTha meM A base hoM arthAt prANAnata hone hI vAlA ho, usa samaya meM bhI sAdhujanoM ke lie AgamagraMthoM kA hI svAdhyAya karanA caahie| zeSa jIvana meM to karanA hI | caahie| 40 20 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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'kumAra zramaNAdibhiH' sUtra kA bauddha-paramparA se sambandha nahIM hai -DaoN0 sudIpa jaina pANinIya vyAkaraNagraMtha 'aSTAdhyAyI' ke dvitIya adhyAya ke prathama pAda meM 70vA~ sUtra AtA hai--"kumAra: shrmnnaadibhiH|" isakI vRtti hai--"kumArazabda: zramaNAdibhiH saha samasyate, tatpuruSazca samAso bhvti|" yaha prakaraNa tatpuruSa samAsa kA hai tathA vyAkaraNa kI dRSTi se yaha eka sAmAnya ullekha mAtra hai, parantu bhAratIya paramparA ke adhyayana kI dRSTi se yaha atyanta mahattvapUrNa evaM vicAraNIya prarUpaNa hai| isa sUtra kI vRtti meM dRSTAnta ke rUpa meM 'kumArIzramaNA' evaM 'kumArazramaNA' padoM kA prayoga milatA hai| tathA isakI vivRtti meM 'zramaNa' zabda kA artha Labouring, Toiling arthAt 'zramazIla' evaM 'sahanazIla' diyA gayA hai| kucha vidvAnoM ne bhAratIya sAMskRtika itihAsa evaM paramparA kI vyApaka jAnakArI ke abhAva meM isa sUtra meM kathita 'zramaNa' pada kA sambandha bauddha-paramparA se jor3a diyA hai| ata: yaha gaMbhIratApUrvaka mananIya hai ki vastuta: kyA pANinI ne isakA prayoga bauddha bhikSuoM yA bhikSuNiyoM ke lie kiyA thA? yadi hama 'zramaNa' zabda kI paramparA evaM itihAsa para vyApaka dRSTipAta kareM, to hama pAte haiM ki 'zramaNa' paramparA bauddhadharma kI utpatti se bahuta kAla pahile se hI bhArata ke avicchinna rUpa se vidyamAna thii| svayaM mahAtmA buddha bhI saMsAra se virakta hone ke bAda nirgrantha jaina-zramaNa ke rUpa meM hI dIkSita huye the, kyoMki usa samaya vaidika evaM zramaNa -ye do hI dhArAyeM vidyamAna thiiN| kriyAkANDapradhAna vaidikadhArA se vaicArika tAlamela na ho pAne ke kAraNa vairAgyapradhAna jaina zramaNa-paramparA ke sAdha pihitAsrava se unhoMne nirgrantha zramaNa dIkSA lI thii| ye zramaNa pihitAsrava teIsaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kI paramparA ke sAdhu the| isa bAre meM AcArya devasena ne 'darzanasAra' nAmaka graMtha meM likhA hai "siri-pAsaNAha-titthe sarayUtIre plaas-nnyrtyo| pihiyAsavassa sisso mahAsudo buddddhkittimunnii||6|| artha:-zrI pArzvanAtha bhagavAn ke tIrtha (paramparA) meM sarayU nadI ke kinAre palAza prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 0021

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nAmaka nagara meM virAjamAna zrI pihitAsrava muni ke ziSya buddhakIrti muni huye| __isase spaSTa hai ki dIkSoparAMta unakA nAma 'buddhakIrti' huA thA tathA yaha nAma unhoMne yAvajjIvana apanAye rkhaa| isIliye nirgrantha jainazramaNa kI paramparA se alaga hone para bhI unhoMne apanA nAma gautama buddha' hI rakhA aura isIkAraNa unakI paramparA Aja bhI 'bauddha-paramparA' kahalAtI hai| unake janmanAma va kula meM 'buddha' saMjJA kahIM nahIM thii| ata: yaha unakA dIkSoparAnta nAma thA, jo unake sAtha abhinnarUpa se jur3a gyaa| apane nigraMtha jainazramaNa hone ke pramANa unhoMne svayaM diye haiN| 'majjhimanikAya' ke 'mahAsIhanAdasutta' (12) meM ve likhate haiM "acelako homi, hatthApalekhano, nAbhihataM na uddissakataM na nimaMtaNaM sAdiyAmi, so na kumbhImukhA parigaNhAmi na kalopimukhA parigaNhAmi, na elakamaMtaraM na daNDamaMtaraM na musalamaMtaraM, na dinnaM bhuMjamAnAnaM, na gabbhaniyA, na pAyamAnayA, na purisaMtaragatAM na saMkittisu na yatha sA upaTThitohoti, na yatha bhakkhikA saMDa-saMDa cArinI, na macchaM na mAsaM na suraM na mareyaM na thusodakaM pivAmi, so ekAgAriko.....ekAhaM va AhAraM iti eyarUpaM addhamAsikaM pi pariyAya mattabhojanAnuyogaM anuyuto viharAmi, kessa-massulocako vi homi, kesamassulocAnuyogaM anuyutto, pAvauda biMdumhi pime dayA pacca paTThitA hoti / mAhaM khuddake pANe visamagate saMghAta aayaadessNti|" / artha: maiM (dIkSoparAnta) vastrarahita (nagna) rahA, maiMne apane hAthoM se AhAra liyaa| na lAyA huA bhojana kiyA, na apane uddezya se banAyA huA bhojana liyA, na nimantraNa se ghara jAkara bhojana kiyA, na bartana meM khAyA, na thAlI meM khAyA, na ghara kI Dyor3hI meM khAyA, na khir3akI se bhojana kiyA, na mUsala se kUTane ke sthAna (okhalI) se liyA, na garbhirNI strI se liyA, na bacce ko dUdha pilAnevAlI strI se liyA, na puMzcalI strI se liyaa| maiMne vahA~ se bhI bhojana nahIM liyA, jahA~ kuttA pAsa khar3A thA yA jahA~ para makkhiyA~ bhinabhinA rahIM thiiN| maiMne na machalI, na mAMsa, na madirA, na sar3A huA mAMDa khAyA aura na hI tusa kA mailA pAnI piyaa| maiMne eka hI ghara se bhojana liyA, so bhI (eka dina meM) eka hI bAra liyaa| maiMne dina meM eka hI bAra bhojana kiyA aura kabhI-kabhI pandraha dinoM taka bhojana nahIM kiyA (arthAt pAkSika upavAsa kiyaa)| maiMne mastaka, dAr3hI va mUchoM ke kezaloMca kiye| usa kezaloMca-kriyA ko maiMne cAlU rkhaa| maiM eka bUMda pAnI para bhI dayAlu rahatA thaa| choTe se jIva ko bhI mere dvArA hiMsA na ho isa taraha maiM satat sAvadhAna rahatA thaa| vahA~ ve Age likhate haiM "so tatto so sIno eko misanake vne| naggo na ca AgiM asIno ekanApasuto muniiti||" artha:--isa taraha kabhI garmI, kabhI ThaMDaka ko sahatA huA maiM bhayAnaka vana meM nagna 0022 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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rahatA thaa| maiM (ThaMDa dUra karane ke liye) Aga se nahIM tApatA thaa| muni avasthA meM ekAkI rahakara dhyAna meM lIna rahatA thaa| dhyAtavya hai ki uparyukta nagna rahanA, kezaloMca karanA, eka bAra dina meM khar3e-khar3e apane hAthoM se AhAra lenA, AhArazuddhi (anuddiSTa AhAra, niraticAra AhAra Adi) kA pAlana karanA, anekavidha prAkRtika zIta Adi pariSahoM ko sahana karanA - ye saba kriyAyeM digambara jainazramaNa kI haiN| buddha ke dvArA apane jIvanacarita ke rUpa meM ina sabakA varNana karane se spaSTa hai ki buddha sarvaprathama nirgrantha digambara jainazramaNa hI bane the; tathA jaba unase yaha kaThora caryA nahIM nibha sakI, to unhoMne kASAya (garuye) kapar3e pahinakara, pAtra meM logoM ke gharoM se bhikSA lAkara bhojana karanA prAraMbha kiyaa| isaprakAra vastra-pAtra Adi rakhakara ve madhyamArgI sAdhuveza meM tapasyA karane lge|" isase spaSTa hai ki jainasAdhanA kA sUtradhAra zramaNoM kI paramparA mahAtmA buddha ke bahuta pahile se vidyamAna thii| vikhyAta manISI DaoN0 rAmadhArI siMha dinakara likhate haiM___"jaina-sAdhanA jahA~ eka ora bauddha-sAdhanA kA udgama hai, vahIM dUsarI ora vaha zaivamArga kA bhI Adisrota hai|" - (saMskRti ke cAra adhyAya, pRSTha 738) itanA hI nahIM, bauddhadharma ke pracAraka ke rUpa meM kahe jAne vAle priyadarzI samrATa azoka ke pUrvaja pitAmaha-samrATa candragupta evaM pitA samrAT bindusAra svayaM jaina the| tathA samrATa azoka ne bhI rAjyAbhiSeka ke ATha varSa taka eka jaina ke rUpa meM hI apanI AsthA rakhI, bAda meM bauddhadharma se prabhAvita hone ke bAda meM jainasaMskAra usane nahIM chodd'e| isa bAre meM uddharaNa draSTavya haiM___ "bhArata ke sImAnta se videzI sattA ko sarvathA parAjita karake bhAratIyatA kI rakSA karanevAle samrATa candragupta ne jaina-AcArya zrI bhadrabAha se dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| unake patra bimbasAra the| samrATa azoka unake pautra the| kucha dina jaina rahakara azoka pIche bauddha ho gaye the|" -(zrI hanumAna prasAda poddAra, kalyANa' mAsika, pRSTha 864, san 1950) "So slight seemed to Asoka difference between Jainism and Budhism that, he did not think it necessary to make a public profession of Budhism till about his 12th reignal (247 B.C.) so that nearly, if not all, his rock inscriptions are really those of a Jain sovereign." -('Science of comparative religions' by Major General J.S.R. Forlong, ____Page 20, Published in 1897 artha:-jaina aura bauddha dharma ke madhya rAjA azoka itanA kama bheda dekhatA thA ki usane sarvasAdhAraNa meM apanA bauddha honA apane rAjya ke 12veM varSa meM (247 I0pU0) kahA thaa| isalie karIba-karIba usake kaI zilAlekha jainasamrATa' ke rUpa meM haiN| prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 1023

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jainasamAja kAmahanIya gaurava-grantha kAtantra-vyAkaraNa -pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina jainAcAryoM ne kaThora tapasyA evaM akhaNDa dIrgha-sAdhanA ke bala para AtmaguNoM kA carama vikAsa to kiyA hI, parahita meM bhI ve pIche nahIM rhe| parahita se yahA~ tAtparya hai, lokopakArI amRtavANI kI varSA; athavA praur3ha-lekhanI ke mAdhyama se aise sUtroM kA aMkana, jinase sAmAjika gaurava kI abhivRddhi, sauhArda evaM samanvaya tathA rASTriya ekatA aura akhaNDatA kI bhAvanA balavatI ho| niraticAra aNuvrata evaM mahAvrata usakI pRSThabhUmi rahI hai| sAdhaka mahApuruSoM ke inhIM pAvana-sandezoM ke saMvAhaka kalyANamuni, koTibhaTTa zrIpAla, bhaviSyadatta evaM jinendradatta prabhuti ne deza-videza kI soddezya yAtrAyeM kara yugoM-yugoM se vahA~ jaina-saMskRti ke pracAra-prasAra ke jaise sarvodayI satkArya kiye, unakA cintana kara hamArA mastaka gauravonnata ho uThatA hai| isa viSaya meM DaoN0 kAmatAprasAda, DaoN0 kAlidAsa nAga, morisa viMTaranitsa, DaoN0 motIcandra, DaoN0 bI0ena0 pANDe Adi prAcyavidyAvidoM ne kAphI prakAza DAlA hai| kamboDiyA ke utkhanana meM abhI hAla meM eka vizAla prAcIna paMcameru jainamaMdira kA milanA unhIM udAharaNoM meM se eka hai| vahA~ ke utkhanana meM Aja vividha jaina purAtAttvika sAmagrI mila rahI hai| DaoN0 bI0ena0 pANDe ke anusAra lagabhaga 2000 varSa pUrva ijarAyala meM 4000 digambara jaina sAdhu pratiSThita the| prAcIna videza yAtriyoM ne bhI isIprakAra ke saMketa diye haiN| uttarI aura dakSiNI amerikA, maiksiko, yUnAna, jarmanI, kamboDiyA, jApAna evaM cIna Adi meM upalabdha hamArI sAMskRtika virAsata hamAre vizvavyApI atItakAlIna svarNima-vaibhava kI gauravagAthA gAtI pratIta ho rahI hai| ___ yahA~ maiM kucheka granthoM meM se eka aise gaurava-grantha kI carcA karanA cAhatA hU~, jo kahane ke liye to vyAkaraNa jaise nIrasa viSaya se sambandha rakhatA hai; kintu usakI prabhAvaka guNagarimA, saralatA, sarvagamyatA, lokapracalita samakAlIna zabda-saMskRti kA antarlInIkaraNa tathA jJAnasaMvardhaka preraka zakti jaisI vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa vaha sabhI dharmoM, sampradAyoM, jAtiyoM yA anya vividha saMkIrNatAoM se Upara hai| tathA jisane deza-videza ke buddhijIviyoM evaM cintakoM kI vicAra-zrRMkhalA ko yugoM-yugoM se ubuddha kiyA hai, bauddhoM ne na kevala usakA adhyayana kiyA, balki usa para darjanoM TIkAyeM evaM vyAkhyAyeM bhI likhIM, vaidika vidvAnoM ne usakI zreSThatA svIkAra kara usa para darjanoM grantha likhe| sAmAnya janatA ko jisane bhASA-vicAra kI preraNA dI, chAtroM 0024 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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ke bauddhika vikAsa meM jisane camatkArI sahAyatA kI aura inase bhI Age bar3hakara, jisane sAmAjika sauhArda evaM bhArata kI rASTriya ekatA tathA akhaNDatA kA yuga-sandeza diyaa| vastuta: yaha thA-- jaina AdarzoM, jaina sAMskRtika-vaibhava tathA usake prAtima-vikAsa kA eka anupama Adarza udAharaNa, jisakA zAnadAra pratIka banA kAtantra-vyAkaraNa' / - AcArya bhAvasena 'vidya' (traividya arthAt Agamavid, zAstravid evaM bhASAvid) ne 'kAtantra-vyAkaraNa' ke viSaya meM likhA hai ki "usakA pravacana mUlata: Adya tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ne kiyA thA, jisakA saMkSipta sAra paramparA-prApta jJAna ke AdhAra para AcArya zarvavarma ne sUtra-zailI meM taiyAra kiyA thaa|" ___ kAtantra-vyAkaraNakAra zarvavarma kA jIvanavRtta ajJAta hai| racanAkAla kA bhI patA nahIM cltaa| 'kathAsaritsAgara' ke anusAra be rAjA sAtavAhana yA zAlivAhana ke samakAlIna siddha hote haiN| kintu vyAkaraNa-sAhitya ke kucha jainetara itihAsakAroM ne vividha sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para unake racanAkAla para bahuAyAmI gambhIra vicAra kiyA hai| paM0 bhagavaddatta vedAlaMkAra ne zarvavarma kA racanAkAla vikrama-pUrva 500 varSa svIkAra kiyA hai, jabaki paM0 yudhiSThira mImAMsaka ne maharSi pataMjali se lagabhaga 1500 varSa pUrva kA mAnA hai aura usake pramANa meM unhoMne apane mahAbhASya meM ullikhita kAlApaka' (arthAt kAtantra-vyAkaraNa) kI carcA kI hai| isakA tAtparya yaha huA ki zarvavarma maharSi pataMjali ke bhI pUrvavartI the| pataMjali kA samaya I0pU0 lagabhaga caturtha sadI mAnA gayA hai| unhoMne (pataMjali ne apane samaya meM kAlApaka' arthAt 'kAtantra-vyAkaraNa' kA prabhAva sAkSAt dekhA thA aura prabhAvita hokara apane 'mahAbhASya' (sUtra 1671) meM spaSTa likhA hai ki 'grAma-grAma, nagara-nagara meM sabhI sampradAyoM meM usakA adhyayana karAyA jAtA hai' "grAme-grAme kAlapakaM kAThakaM ca procyte|" kAtantra ke anya nAma pataMjali dvArA prayukta kAlApaka' ke atirikta kAtantra' ke anya nAmoM meM kalApa, kaumAra tathA zArvavArmika nAma bhI prasiddha rahe haiN| jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai, tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva dvArA pradatta mahilAoM evaM puruSoM ke lie kramaza: 64 evaM 74 (catuHSaSTiH kalA: strINAM tAzcatuHsaptatirnRNAm) prakAra kI kalAoM ke vijJAna kA sUcaka yA saMgraha hone ke kAraNa usakA nAma 'kAlApaka' aura isI kA saMkSipta nAma 'kalApa' hai| bhASAvijJAna athavA bhASAtantra kA kalAtmaka yA rocaka-zailI meM saMkSipta sugama AkhyAna hone ke kAraNa usakA nAma kAtantra' bhI pdd'aa| kintu yaha nAma paravartI pratIta hotA hai| jainetara vidvAnoM kI mAnyatA ke anusAra 'kAzakRtsnadhAtu-vyAkhyAna' ke eka sandarbha ke anusAra yaha grantha kaumAra-vyAkaraNa' ke nAma se bhI prasiddha thaa| kintu jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra cU~ki RSabhadeva ne apanI kumArI putrI brAhmI ke lie 64 kalAoM, jinameM se eka kalA bhASAvijJAna ke sAtha-sAtha lipi-sambandhI bhI thI, prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 1025

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usakA jJAnadAna dene ke kAraNa usI putrI ke nAma para ukta tantra kA saMkSipta nAma kaumAra' tathA lipi kA nAma 'brAhmI' rakhA gyaa| kucha vidvAnoM ko isa viSaya meM zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki zarvavarma kyA digambara jainAcArya the? gaveSakoM ne usakI bhI khoja kI hai| unhoMne sarvaprathama eka sAkSya ke rUpa meM kAtantrarUpamAlA' ke lekhaka bhAvasena traividya kA udAharaNa prastuta kiyA hai, jisameM spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki"zrImaccharvavarmajainAcAryaviracitaM kaatntrvyaakrnnN|" arthAt kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke lekhaka zarvavarma jainAcArya the| unake digambara-paramparA ke hone ke samartha pramANa jainetara-srotoM se bhI mila jAte haiN| ___ pataMjali ne apane mahAbhASya meM spaSTa likhA hai ki yaha kAtantra athavA kalApa-tantra, (kalApa arthAt) mayUrapicchI dhAraNa karanevAle ke dvArA likhA gayA hai (kalApinA proktamadhIyate kAlApasteSAmAmnAya: kAlApakam) aura yaha sarvavidita hai ki cU~ki mayUra-picchI saMsAra bhara kI sAdhu-saMsthAoM meM se kevala digambara-paMthI jainAcAryoM ke lie hI Agama granthoM meM anivArya mAnI gayI hai aura ve hI use apanI saMyama-caryA ke pratIka ke rUpa meM anivArya rUpa se apane pAsa rakhate haiN| isakA samarthana eka anya jainetara-srota bhI karatA hai| viSNupurANa (3/8) meM kahA gayA hai ki- "tato digambaro muNDo barhipicchidharo dvijH|" (yahA~ para muNDo kA artha kezalucuka tathA dvija: kA artha "do janmavAlA arthAt dIkSA-pUrva evaM dIkSA ke bAda vAlA artha" liyA gayA hai|) usI 'barhi' arthAt 'mayUra-paMkha' picchIdhArI digambarAcArya ke dvArA likhita hone ke kAraNa hI vaha grantha kalApa' yA 'kAlApaka' (athavA kAtantra) ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| ata: ukta sAkSyoM se yaha nizcita ho jAtA hai ki ukta grantha ke lekhaka zarvavarma digambara jainAcArya the| zarvavarma kahA~ ke rahanevAle the, isake viSaya meM abhI taka koI jAnakArI nahIM mila sakatI hai| kintu 'varma' upAdhi se pratIta hotA hai ki ve dAkSiNAtya, vizeSa rUpa se karnATaka athavA tamilanADu ke nivAsI rahe hoMge, kyoMki vahA~ ke nivAsiyoM ke nAmoM ke sAtha varma, varmA athavA varman zabda saMyukta rUpa se milatA hai| yathA-viSNadevavarmana. kIttidavavarmana, madanadevavarman aadi| AcArya samantabhadra kA bhI pUrva nAma zAntivarmA thaa| yaha jAti athavA gotra yA vizeSaNa sambhavata: unheM paramparA se prApta hotA rhaa| itihAsa sAkSI hai ki ye 'varman' yA 'varma' nAmadhArI vyakti itane buddhisampanna evaM zakti-sampanna the ki dakSiNa-pUrva eziyA taka inakA prabhAva vistRta thaa| borniyo ke eka saMskRtajJa prazAsaka kA nAma 'mUlavarma' yA 'mUlavarman' thA, jisakA saMskRta-zilAlekha itihAsa-prasiddha hai| iMDoneziyA meM dasavIM sadI meM kalApa' ke nAma para nagara yA mandira banAne kI paramparA ke ullekha milate haiM kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kI lokapriyatA jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai, koI bhI grantha, pantha yA sampradAya ke nAma para 00 26 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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kAlajayI, sArvajanIna yA vizvajanIna nahIM ho sakatA / vastuta: vaha to apane lokopakArI, sArvajanIna niSpakSa vaiziSTya - guNoM ke kArANa hI bhaugolika sImAoM kI saMkIrNatAoM kI paridhi se haTakara kevala apane jJAna - bhANDAra se hI sabhI ko Alokita - prabhAvita kara jana-jana kA kaNThahAra bana sakatA hai / kAtantra - vyAkaraNa eka jainAcArya ke dvArA likhita hone para bhI usameM sAmpradAyika saMkIrNatA kA lezamAtra bhI na hone ke kAraNa use sarvatra samAdara milA / jJAnapipAsu megAsthanIja, phAhiyAna, hyUnatsAMga, itsiMga aura alaberunI bhArata Aye / unhoMne yahA~ pramukha granthoM ke sAtha-sAtha lokapracalita kAtantra kA bhI adhyayana kiyA hogA aura unameM se jo bhI grantha unheM acche lage unheM sahasroM kI saMkhyA meM ve behicaka apane sAtha apane-apane dezoM meM lete gaye aura bahuta sambhava hai ki kAtantra kI pANDulipiyA~ bhI sAtha meM lete gaye ho? san 1984 meM sara viliyama jonsa AI0sI0 esa0 hokara bhArata Aye, aura bhArata ke cIpha-jasTisa ke rUpa meM kalakattA meM pratiSThita hue| kintu saMskRta-prAkRta ke atulanIya sAhitya-vaibhava ko dekhakara Azcaryacakita ho gaye aura naukarI chor3akara saMskRta - prAkRtabhASA ke adhyayana meM juTa gye| 'kAtantra - vyAkaraNa' par3hakara ve bhI pramudita ho utthe| unhoMne dekhA ki isameM pANini jaisI durUhatA nahIM hai / saMskRta - prAkRta sIkhane ke lie unhoMne use eka uttama sarala sAdhana samajhA / ataH unhoMne usakA sarvopayogI saMskaraNa taiyAra karAkara svayaM dvArA saMsthApita 'rAyala eziyATika sosAyaTI (baMgAla) kalakattA' se san 1819 meM 'kAtantra-vyAkaraNaM' ke nAma se usakA prakAzana kiyA aura 'phorTa viliyamsa kaoNleja, kalakattA' ke pAThyakrama meM bhI use nirdhArita kraayaa| usake bAda to avibhAjita baMgAla kI samasta zikSA - saMsthAoM meM usakA paThana-pAThana prArambha ho gayA / pAThakoM ko yaha yaha jAnakara bhI Azcarya hogA ki san 1819 se 1912 ke madhya kevala avibhAjita baMgAla se 'kAtantra - vyAkaraNa' tathA tatsambandhI vividha vyAkhyAmUlaka sAmagrI ke sAtha 27 se bhI adhika granthoM kA saMskRta, baMgalA evaM hindI meM prakAzana ho cukA thaa| yaha bhI Azcaryajanaka hai, ki rAyapura (madhyapradeza) ke akele eka vidvAn paM0 haladhara zAstrI ke vyaktigata saMgraha meM san 1920 ke lagabhaga kAtantra - vyAkaraNa tathA usa likhita vividha TIkAoM, vRttiyoM evaM vyAkhyAoM kI lagabhaga 18 pANDulipiyoM surakSita thIM, jinakA vahA~ adhyayana karAyA jAtA thA / ataH pataMjalikAlIna yaha ukti ki-- "grAma-grAma nagara-nagara meM 'kAlApaka' kI zikSA, binA kisI sampradAya - bheda ke sabhI ko pradAna kI jAtI thIM, yathArtha thI / vizeSa adhyayana se vidita hotA hai ki vizva - sAhitya meM kAtantra - vyAkaraNa hI saMbhavata: aisA grantha hai, jisa para pichale lagabhaga 200 varSoM meM deza-videza kI vividha bhASAoM meM prAkRtavidyA+janavarI-mArca 2000 0 27

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anuvAda tathA vividha TIkAoM, vRttiyoM, vyAkhyAoM, paMjikAoM Adi ko lekara kula milAkara 161 se bhI adhika grantha likhe gaye aura sambhavata: sahasroM kI saMkhyA meM unakI pANDulipiyA~ taiyAra kI giiN| unakI pratilipiyA~ kevala devanAgarI-lipi meM hI nahIM, balki baMga, ur3iyA, zAradA meM bhI upalabdha haiN| inake atirikta bhI tibbata, nepAla, bhUTAna, gandhAra (aphagAnistAna), siMhala evaM barmA ke pAThyakramoM meM vaha prAcInakAla se hI anivArya rUpa meM svIkRta rahA hai| ata: vahA~ kI sthAnIya suvidhAoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue samaya-samaya para tibbatI-bhASA meM isakI lagabhaga 12 tathA bhoTa-bhASA meM 23 TIkAyeM likhI gaIM, jo vartamAna meM bhI vahA~ kI lipiyoM meM upalabdha haiN| madhyakAlIna maMgoliyAI, barmIja, siMghalI evaM paztoM meM bhI usakI TIkAyeM Adi sambhAvita haiN| pUrvokta upalabdha pANDulipiyoM tathA unakA saMkSipta vivaraNa sthAnAbhAva ke kAraNa yahA~ nahIM diyA jA rahA hai| ___ apane pAThakoM kI jAnakArI ke lie yaha bhI batAnA cAhatA hU~ ki bhAratIya prAcyavidyA ke suprasiddha vidvAn DaoN0 raghuvIra ne 1950 se 1960 ke dazaka meM tibbata, cIna, maMgoliyA, sAiberiyA, iMDoneziyA, lAosa, kamboDiyA, thAIlaiMDa, barmA Adi dezA kI sArasvata yAtrA kI thI tathA vahA~ unhoMne sahasroM kI saMkhyA meM prAcya bhAratIya pANDulipiyA~ dekhI thiiN| ve sabhI bhojapatroM, tAr3apatroM, svarNapatroM evaM kargalapatroM para aMkita thii| unameM se unake anusAra lagabhaga 30 sahasra pANDulipiyA~ akele tibbata meM hI surakSita thiiN| yaha sarvavidita hI hai ki AcArya jinasena ke ziSya tathA rASTrakUTavaMzI nareza amoghavarSa kI 'praznottararatnamAlikA' kI pANDulipi tibbata se hI tibbatI anuvAda ke sAtha tibbatI lipi meM prApta huI thii| apanI yAtrAoM ke krama meM ve ukta sabhI dezoM se lagabhaga 60 hajAra , pANDulipiyA~ apane sAtha bhArata le Aye the tathA jo nahIM lA sakate the, unakI mAikrophilmiMga karAkara le Aye the| jApAna kI bhAratIya pANDulipiyoM kI lipi 'siddham' ke nAma se prasiddha hai, jo devanAgarI ke samakakSa hotI hai| DaoN0 raghuvIra ke anusAra lagabhaga 6000 bhAratIya granthoM kA anuvAda maMgola-bhASA meM kiyA gayA thaa| ___ bahuta sambhava hai ki unameM bhI 'kAtantra vyAkaraNa'-sambandhI vividha grantha rahe hoM? jaisAki pUrva meM kaha AyA hU~ ki jo videzI paryaTaka bhArata Aye, ve apane sAtha sahasroM kI saMkhyA meM saMskRta-prAkRta kI pANDulipiyA~ lete gye| unameM se aneka to naSTa ho gaI hoMgI, bAkI jo bhI bacIM, ve vizva ke kone-kone meM surakSita haiN| hama jina granthoM ko lupta yA naSTa ghoSita kara cuke haiM, bahuta saMbhava hai ki ve videzoM meM abhI bhI surakSita hoN| ukta pANDulipiyoM meM kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke bhI vividha anuvAda, TIkAyeM evaM vRttiyA~ Adi sambhAvita haiM, ji .kI khoja karane kI tatkAla AvazyakatA hai| bIsavIM sadI ke prArambha meM jaba Adhunika jaina paNDita-paramparA kI prathama sIr3hI kA udaya huA, taba usameM kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ko par3hAe jAne kI paramparA thii| jaina-pAThazAlAoM 0028 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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meM usakA adhyayana anivAryarUpa se karAyA jAtA thaa| jaina evaM jainetara parIkSAlayoM ne bhI use apane pAThyakramoM meM nirdhArita kiyA thA / kintu patA nahIM kyoM, san 194546 ke bAda se usake sthAna para 'laghu siddhAnta' evaM 'madhya siddhAnta kaumudI' tathA bhaTTojI dIkSita- kRta 'siddhAnta - kaumudI' kA adhyayana karAyA jAne lagA / aura Aja to sthiti yaha A gaI hai ki samAja yA to 'kAtantra - vyAkaraNa' kA nAma hI nahIM jAnatI athavA jAnatI bhI hai, to use jainAcArya likhita eka antarrASTrIya khyAti ke gaurava -grantha ke rUpa meM nahIM jaantii| yaha sthiti dukha:da hI nahIM, bhayAvaha bhI hai| AvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki jaina pAThazAlAoM meM to usakA adhyayana karAyA hI jAya, sAdhu- saMghoM se bhI sAdara vinamra nivedana hai ki ve apane saMghastha sAdhuoM, AryikAoM, sAdhviyoM evaM vratiyoM ko bhI usakA gahana evaM tulanAtmaka adhyayana karAveM, samAja ko bhI usakA mahattva batalAveM aura vizvavidyAlayoM meM kAryarata jaina - prophesaroM ko bhI yaha prayatna karanA cAhiye ki vahA~ ke pAThyakramoM meM kAtantra - vyAkaraNa ko bhI svIkAra kiyA jAya, jisase ki hamArA ukta mahanIya grantha hamArI hI zithilatA se vismRti ke garbha meM na calA jAye / paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI isa dizA meM atyadhika vyagra haiM / ve svayaM hI dIrghakAla se kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kA bahuAyAmI adhyayana evaM cintanapUrNa zodhakArya karane meM ativyasta rahe haiN| jaba unheM yaha patA calA ki kendrIya prAcya tibbatI zikSA saMsthAna, sAranAtha, vArANasI ke variSTha upAcArya DaoN0 jAnakIprasAda jI dvivedI tathA kendriya saMskRta vidyApITha lakhanaU ke DaoN0 rAmasAgara mizra ne kAtantra - vyAkaraNa para dIrghakAla taka kaThora-sAdhanA kara tadddvizayaka gambhIra zodha kArya kiyA hai, to ve atyadhika pramudita hue| unheM kundakunda bhAratI, naI dillI meM Amantrita kiyA gayA, unase carcA kI gaI tathA unheM Age bhI zodha-kArya karate rahane kI preraNA dI gaI hai| jaina vidyAjagat ko yaha jAnakArI bhI hogI hI ki pichale mArca 1999 ko DaoN0 jAnakIprasAda dvivedI ke liye unake kAtantra-vyAkaraNa-sambandhI maulika zodha kArya kA mUlyAMkana kara kundakunda bhAratI kI pravara-samiti ne unheM sarvasammati se puraskRta karane kI anuzaMsA kI thI / ataH kundakunda bhAratI ke tatvAvadhAna meM pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI ke sAnnidhya meM dillI - janapada ke vidvAnoM evaM viziSTa nAgarikoM ke madhya eka lAkha rupayoM ke 'AcArya umAsvAmI puraskAra' se unheM sammAnita bhI kiyA gayA thA / jaina samAja se merA vinamra nivedana hai ki vaha apane atItakAlIna gaurava-granthoM kA smaraNa kare, svAdhyAya kare unake mahattva ko samajhe tathA usake zodhArthiyoM ko protsAhita karane ke liye unheM puraskRta / sammAnita bhI karatI rahe, jisase ki agalI pIr3hI ko bhI usase preraNAyeM milatI raheM aura hamAre gaurava-granthoM kI surakSA bhI hotI rhe| prAkRtavidyA + janavarI-mArca 2000 OO 29

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kAtantra-vyAkaraNa aura usakI upAdeyatA -DaoN0 udayacandra jaina bhASA kA niyAmaka tattva vyAkaraNa hai| vyAkaraNa kI niyAmakatA ke binA bhASA pravAha gatimAna nahIM ho pAtA hai aura na hI usake binA loka-vyavahAra bhI nahIM cala sakatA hai| manuSya ke vAgvyavahAra kA srota bhASA hai, usakA vacana-vyavahAra hai| jisase saumyatA pratipAdita hotI hai aura vinamratA bhI dikhAI par3atI hai| manuSya jaba bhI bolegA, usameM samAna Adara hogaa| yadi vaktA puruSa hai to "maiM jAtA hU~" aisA kathana apane Apa ho jaaegaa| yadi bolanevAlI strI hai, to "maiM jAtI hU~" aisA prayoga svata: hI karegI, kyoMki usakA vacana-vyavahAra loka-vyavahAra se bhI jur3A huA pratIta hogaa| yahI bhASA kA praveza jaba sAhitya ke kSetra meM hotA hai, taba usameM lokavyavahAra kI apekSA bhASA ke niyamana para vizeSa dhyAna diyA jAtA hai tathA zabda-siddhi ke lie sUtra-nirmANa kara liyA jAtA hai, kyoMki usase saMskArita hokara jo bhI prayoga hogA, vaha apane niyama meM baMdhI huI sadaiva ekarUpatA ko dhAraNa karatI rhegii| vyAkaraNa bhASA kA niyamana hai| isaliye bhASAvidoM ne una para jo niyama banAye yA. sUtra diye, ve hI vyAkaraNa kA rUpa lekara bhASA ko eka rUpa meM jor3ane meM samartha hue| jaina yA jainetara koI bhI bhASAvida ko hI kyoM na leM, vaha ekarUpatA se jur3A huA hI apanI bhASA-sambandhI vyavasthA detA hai| usa vyavasthA meM bhI jo bhI sUtra banAye jAte haiM ve rocaka hI nahIM, apitu laghubaddhatA evaM chandobaddhatA ko bhI lie hue rahatA hai| "siddho varNasamAmnAya:" yaha kAtantra vyAkaraNa' kA prathama sUtra hai, isameM 'anuSTup chanda' hai|" a: iti visarjanIya:" (18) meM bhI yahI hai| prAya: sabhI ke cintana meM kucha na kucha avazya dhvanita hogaa| vyAkaraNa paramparA ___ saMskRta, prAkRta yA anya koI bhI bhASA-paramparA kyoM na ho, usakA apanA itihAsa hai, usakA koI na koI vikAsa kA srota hai aura usakI prAmANikatA bhI hai| yadi saMskRta vAGmaya ko hI leM, to svata: hI kaha uTheMge ki yaha vaidika paramparA se jur3A haA hai| jaina- sAhitya kI ora dRSTi DAlate haiM, to isake granthoM meM bhI vyAkaraNa ke niyama prApta ho jaayeNge| digambara-paramparA ke 'chakkhaMDAgamasatta' aura usakI 'dhavalA' TIkA meM kaI sUtra vyAkaraNa kI vizeSatAoM ko vyakta karate haiN| "akArahasa a A i I u U ede chacca samANa tti sutteNa 00 30 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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AdibuDDhIsa ky-akaarttaado|" e aura o sandhyakSara svara haiN| - (SaTkhaMDAgama, dhavalA TIkA 3/8/90) / 'dhavalA' pustaka ke khaMDa cAra, pustaka nau meM 'liMga-saMkhyA-kAlakAraka-puruSopagraha vyabhicAra nivRttipara:' kA kathana isI bAta kA poSaka pramANa hai| zvetAmbara-Agama meM "bhAsA bhAsejja" ke AdhAra para "egavayaNaM bahuvayaNaM itthIvayaNaM NauMsagavayaNaM paccakkhavayaNaM parokkhavayaNaM" - (AcAra cUlA0 4/1/3) meM yahI vizleSita kiyA hai ki bhASA kA jo bhI kathana ho vaha liMgAnusAra honA cAhiye 'sUtrakRtAMga' meM ATha kAraka vacana, kAla Adi kA saMketa vyAkaraNa kI prAcIna paramparA ko siddha karate haiN| jaina paramparA meM vyAkaraNa racanA __jainAcAryoM ne sUtrabaddhatA para vizeSa bala diyA, ata: yaha to nizcita hai ki jaina-kSetra meM bhASA-niyamana para vizeSa bala diyA jAtA thaa| Agama sUtra isake pramANa haiN| bhASA kA sAhitya-kSetra meM praveza hone para samaya-samaya para vijJajanoM ne vyAkaraNasUtroM kI racanA kii| jaise saddapAhuDa, aindra vyAkaraNa, caNDakRta prAkRta lakSaNaM, jainendra vyAkaraNa, zAkaTAyana-vyAkaraNa, siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana Adi saMskRta evaM prAkRta meM kaI vyAkaraNa likhe gye| 'kAtana vyAkaraNa' kI upAdeyatA vibhinna vyAkaraNa-granthoM kI paramparA meM kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kA nAma sarvopari sarvamAnya evaM deza-videza Adi meM pracalita vyAkaraNa rahA hai| ise pANinIya se pUrva bhI mAnA gayA hai| yaha jaina aura jainetara donoM hI paramparAoM meM mAnya vyAkaraNa rahA hai| yaha adhyayana kiyA jAtA thA aura adhyApana ke lie bhI nirdhArita kiyA jAtA hai| samaya-samaya para zAsakoM ne bhI isa para vizeSa bala diyaa| kahA jAtA hai ki yaha Andhrapradeza ke rAjA sAtavAhana ko alpAvadhi meM saralatama jJAna karAne ke lie kAtantra' ko hI AdhAra banAyA gayA thA; kyoMki yaha atyanta sarala, ArSa vyAkaraNa hai| kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke sUtrakAra isake sUtrakartA AcArya zarvavarma haiN| isake kartA ne apanI sUkSmadRSTi se vyAkaraNa ke siddhAntoM kA niyamana isa taraha kiyA ki par3hanevAlA sahaja hI kaMThastha karane meM samartha ho jAtA hai| kAtantra kA prathama sUtra 'siddho varNa samAmnAya:' hai| isake kaI artha ho sakate haiN| bhASA kI dRSTi se vargoM kI samyak rUparekhA bhI artha hai| 'samyagAmnAyante abhyasyante iti samAmnAyA:' yaha vyutpatti isI bAta kA bodha karAtI hai ki jo varNoM arthAt svara-vyaMjanoM kA samyak abhyAsa karAye, vahI isakI prasiddhi hai, vyApakatA hai aura sArthakatA bhI hai| 'siddha' kA dvitIya artha prasiddha, niSpanna bhI hai 'niSpannArtho kA prasiddhArtho vaa|' aura tRtIya artha jaina siddha' zabda se yaha artha bodha karAtA hai ki jo siddha karmamukta haiM, ve siddha prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 0031

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haiN| 'siddha' maMgalarUpa bhI haiM, ata: yaha siddhaprabhu kA smaraNa bhI karAtA hai| yahI dRSTikoNa rakhakara sUtroM para vizeSa adhyayana karane kI AvazyakatA bhI hai| ____ kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kA vyApaka pariprekSya:- jahA~ yaha vyAkaraNa jainadRSTi se mahattvapUrNa hai, vahIM isakI yaha bhI vyApakatA hai ki yaha pUre bhArata evaM anya pradezoM tathA videzoM meM bhI par3hAyA jAtA hai| bhAratIya paThana-pAThana kI paramparA ke tIna pracalita rUpa vyAkaraNavidoM ke isaprakAra diye haiM-- (1) baMgIya paramparA, (2) kazmIrI paramparA aura (3) madhyadezI prmpraa| Aja bhI jaina-paramparA kA mahattva hai| ise adhyayana-adhyApana ke rUpa meM jaina-zramaNoM ko par3hAyA jAtA hai| para jisa vyApakarUpa meM isakI paramparA hai, usa paramparA ko jIvita rakhane ke lie jaina-jagat ko Age AnA hogA, jo bhI saMskRta-zikSaNa ke kSetra meM yA saMskRta-zikSaNa se saMbaMdhita manISI loga haiM, unheM usake atIta ko akSuNNa banAye rakhanA hogaa| jahA~ taka maiM jAnatA hU~, Aja bhArata deza ke sampUrNa sAdhu-samAja meM yadi isakA praveza prArambha ho jAe, to una sAdhu-saMgha ke brahmacAriyoM evaM brahmacAriNI bahinoM meM isake par3hane ke prati ruci jAgRta hogI, kyoMki Aja ye hI kAtantra ko surakSita rakha sakate haiN| samAja meM calane vAle vidyAlaya, mahAvidyAlaya Adi to parAdhIna ho gae haiM, unakI sthiti vikaTa hai| ata: samAja meM yaha jAgRta kiyA jAye yA ise par3hane ke lie prerita kiyA jAye ki jo bhI ise kaMThastha pArAyaNa karegA yA jo bhI karAyegA, usako pratyeka sUtra ke yadi 100/- rU0 bhI dekara sammAna kiyA jAye, to kama hogaa| Apake lAkhoM rupayoM se araboM kI sampatti amUlyanidhi samApti se baca jaaegii| yaha yaha eka aisA divya jinAlaya hai, jisameM (1373) eka hajAra tIna sau tihattara pratimAyeM haiM, jo hIre se bahumUlya dhAtuoM kI haiN| dhAtu yA patthara kI pratimAyeM to koI bhI le jA sakatA hai, curA sakatA hai yA chIna sakatA hai| chInane yA curAne kI sthiti para aise loga bhI mila jAyeMge, jo itanI hI saMkhyA meM banavAkara sthApita karA sakate haiM; para unakI bhavyatA nahIM raha sakatI hai| yahI kAtantra vyAkaraNa' rUpI mandira meM nahIM ho sakatA hai| ise jitanA par3hane vAloM yA par3hAne vAloM kA yoga milegA, ve kitane hI mUrtarUpa meM sUtrarUpI mUrtiyA~ sthApita kara skeNge| maiMne sarvaprathama ise dekhA parAyaNa kiyA aura isake pracAra ke lie saMkalpa kiyaa| Aja nAnA saMgha haiM, bAla brahmacArI haiM, yuvA saMta bhI haiN| inake jIvana kA sAra yaha parama tantra kAtantra meM lage, to nizcita hI samAja kI anupama nidhi baca skegii| ise bacAnA hai, prayAsa kIjiye, saphalatA milegii| kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke nAma isa vyAkaraNa ke vividha nAma haiM, jinameM kAlApa, kaumArAdi prasiddha haiN| kAtantra vyAkaraNa aura usakI TIkAyeM kAtantra samagra saMskRta-premiyoM meM pracalita eka sarala vyAkaraNa mAnI gaI hai| isakA adhyayana-adhyApana varSoM se hI nahIM, apitu sahasrAbdiyoM se calA A rahA hai| yaha bhAratavarSa 00 32 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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ke atirikta barmA, thAIlaiMDa, jApAna, zrIlaMkA Adi una pradezoM meM bhI pracalita rahI, jahA~ bauddhadharma ne apanA vikAsa kiyaa| yaha vyAkaraNa pratyeka kSetra meM adhyayana kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa grantha mAnA gyaa| isaliye isa para vividha TIkAyeM likhI gaI haiN| ___kAtantradIpikA :- munIzvarasUri ke ziSya harSa muni dvArA kI gaI TIkA kAtantradIpikA hai| kAtantra-rUpamAlA :- bAlakoM ke bodha hetu munIzvara bhAvasena ne isa para spaSTIkaraNa TIkA prastuta kI, jo sukumAra evaM sarala rUpa siddhi Adi se yukta hai| kAtantra vistAra :- yaha kAtantra para likhI gaI vRhada TIkA hai, jo vi0saM0 1448 ke AsapAsa muni vardhamAna ke dvArA prastuta kI gii| kAtantrapaMjikodyota :- muni vardhamAna ke ziSya trivikrama ne isa para TIkA likhii| kAtantrottara :- vijayAnandakRta yaha TIkA samAdhAna se paripUrNa aprakAzita ahamadAbAda me haiN| kAtantrabhUSaNam :- AcArya dharmaghoSa ne isa para bhAvapUrNa evaM sarala TIkA likhI hai| kAtantravizvama TIkA :- AcArya jinasiMhasUri ke ziSya AcArya jinaprabha sUri ne kAtantra para TIkA prastuta kI hai| ityAdi kaI TIkAyeM kAtantra para likhI gaI haiN| isake TIkAkAra jainAcArya haiN| Aja isa yuga ke munIzvaroM ko cAhiye ki puna: isakI vAstavikatA ko samajhakara sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko isa ora prerita kreN| jisa dharohara ko do hajAra varSa se pUrva se bhI surakSita karate A rahe haiM, Aja usakA nyAsa samApta karake sAhitya ke kSetra meM apUrNa kSati kara jaayeNge| Ane vAlA samaya evaM vaijJAnika yuga ke kampyUTarI yuga meM saralIkaraNa kI pravRtti ko kauna nahIM apanAnA cAhegA? AcAryapravara vidyAnanda jI jaise saMta isa bhAratavarSa meM haiN| unakA samAja meM sthAna hai, nAma hai aura prabhAva bhI hai| ata: jaba ve aisA karane ke lie udAramanAoM ko bodha dekara inake jAnakAra logoM kA sammAna karA rahe haiM, to kyA hamArA yaha karttavya nahIM ho jAtA hai ki hama apanI anupama nidhi ko par3hakara vyAkaraNa kI gauravamayI paramparA ko jIvita rakhane meM yogadAna deM? vyAkaraNa aura aparigrahavAda kAtantra vyAkaraNa meM 'virAme vA' sUtra ke dvArA padAnta meM bhI makAra ko vikalpa se anusvAra banAne kA jo niyama diyA gayA hai, vaha nirgrantha zramaNoM kI aparigrahavAdI dRSTi kA poSaka hai, kyoMki anusvAra meM syAhI, samaya, jagaha evaM zrama sabhI kI bacata hotI hai, jabaki makAra ke likhane meM ye saba adhika lagate haiN| ata: anusvAra aparigrahavAda kA pratIka prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 40 33

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'haMsadIpa' : jaina - rahasyavAda kI eka utpreraka kavitA - pro0 ( DaoN0 ) vidyAvatI jaina "so'hamityupAtta-saMskArastasmin bhAvanayA puna: / tatraiva dRd-saMskArAllabhate hyAtmani sthitim / / " -- (A0 pUjyapAda, 'samAdhitantra', 28 ) artha: AtmA kI bhAvanA karanevAlA jIva Atmatattva meM sthita ho jAtA hai / 'so'haM' ke japa kA yahI marma hai| 'so'haM' kI bhAvanA sAdhaka - avasthA kI eka utkRSTa bhAvanA hai| sabhI adhyAtmavettA AcAryoM ne isake bAre meM anekatra bhAvapravaNa varNana kiyA hai| 'dAso'haM', 'so'haM' evaM 'ahaM' ke tIna sUtroM meM 'dAso'haM ' bhaktimArga ke vacana haiM, 'so'haM' adhyAtmasAdhaka kI bhAvanA tathA 'ahaM' AtmAnubhUti kI avasthA kA paricAyaka hai / bhAvanApradhAna 'so'haM' ke bAre meM eka Urjasvita kavitA pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI ke dvArA racita 'haMsadIpa' zIrSaka kavitA ka gUr3ha AdhyAtmika racanA hai| isake bAre meM arthasahita mUlapATha kI prastuti eka viduSI lekhikA ke dvArA yahA~ kI gayI hai / -sampAdaka 'haMsa-dIpa' kavitA AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI kI eka rahasyavAdI kavitA hai / rahasya - bhAvanA vastuta: eka aisA AdhyAtmika sAdhana hai, jisake mAdhyama se tapa:bhUta sAdhaka svAnubhUtipUrvaka Atmatattva se sAkSAtkAra karatA hai / sAdhaka apanI bhAvanA ke sahAre AdhyAtmika sattA kI rahasyamaya gahana anubhUtiyoM ko vANI ke dvArA zabda - citroM meM rekhAMkita kara detA hai, tabhI rahasyavAda kI sRSTi hotI hai / jIvAtmA eka rahasyamaya evaM ananta guNoM kA bhaNDAra hai isakI prApti bhedAnubhUti ke dvArA hI saMbhava hai / 1 AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI ne svAnubhUta anubhUti kA gaharAI ke sAtha catura citere kI bhA~ti kalpanAoM kA puTa dete hue AtmA aura zarIra ke bheda - vijJAna kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| usameM zuddha Atma-bhAvoM ke ananta vaibhava ke sAtha jJAna kI akhaNDa - vyApakatA bhI vidyamAna hai| jaba bhedAnubhUti dvArA zarIra aura AtmA kI pRthaktA spaSTa ho jAtI hai, to AtmA zuddha paramatattva meM lIna ho jAtI hai aura usakI sthiti bhora hone ke pUrva ke AkAza ke samAna sindUrI AbhAvAlI ho jAtI hai / AcAryazrI kI kAvya-pratibhA ne prastuta rahasyavAdI kavitA ke hArda ke spaSTIkaraNa ke lie vividha pratIkoM kA Azraya liyA hai| jaise-- AtmA ke lie 'haMsa', zuddha jJAna ke liye prAkRtavidyAjanavarI-mArca '2000 034

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'dIpaka', ajJAna ke liye 'timira' yA andhakAra, zarIra ke liye tela' aura sAMsArika viSaya-vAsanAoM kI sArahInatA ke lie 'tUla' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| isIprakAra AtmAnanda kI abhivyaMjanA ke lie unhoMne 'amRta' zabda kA cunAva kiyA hai| ajJAna, mithyAtva aura rAga-dveSa-moha ke naSTa ho jAne para niSkalaMka jJAna-kalikA khila uThatI hai aura AtmA meM 'so'haM-so'haM', kI dhvani prasphuTita hone lagatI hai| ina prasaMgoM meM amRta, dIpa aura prakAza ke dvArA AtmajJAna aura AtmAnanda kI abhivyaMjanA kI gaI hai| prastuta racanA kI zailI praur3ha, bhASA AlaMkArika, prAMjala evaM zAntarasa se otaprota hai| mUla kavitA evaM usakA artha nimnaprakAra hai haMsa-dIpa AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI kRta (racanAkAla san 1965 ke AsapAsa) miTTI ke naumahale baiThA haMsa jyoti phailAye, "haM so'haM, so'haM, so'haM" kA amRta nAda sunaaye| timira kahA~, maiM bhI to dekhU, dIpaka jalatA jAye, prakAza kA praharI ghara-AMgana ghUme, alakha jagAye / / 1 / / tila-tila jalatA taila, tula para mora macalate Ate, karmabaMdha ke anAdi kazmala apanA rUpa dikhAte, de aMcala ko oTa acaMcala kauna kare bhaMgura ko, kauna roka legA zarAva se ur3ate haMsAvara ko| taila-tUla kA ThATha akiMcana sapanoM meM bharamAye, haM so'haM............... ....................... / / 2 / / yaha vibhAvarI, indu-vibhA para lagA AvaraNa tama kA, Aja kasauTI para hai vikrama kanaka-dIpa laghutama kaa| tatpara hokara prANa ar3e haiM durjaya samara-sthala meM, nahA uThe haiM vIra kesarI AbhA kI hiMgula meN| sArI rAta ratajagA koI Aja na hameM bujhAye, haM so'haM..... ........... / / 3 / / aMjana-kUTa TUTate jAte eka-eka citavana para, gaurI ke durlalita lAsya sAkAra hue kaMpana pr| Aja cunautI aMdha danuja kI zalya-zalAkAoM ko, AmaMtraNa bhejA laghu-laghu doSoM ne rAkAoM ko| timira-kRSNa ke saMga salonI rAdhA rAsa racAye, haM so'haM.............. ....................... / / 4 / / prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 0035

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artha:-miTTI arthAt zarIra ke nau laharoMvAle rAjamahala meM baiThakara nIra-kSIra vivekavAlA yaha rAjahaMsa arthAt zuddha, buddha, prabuddha evaM caitanya-svarUpa AtmA apane jyotirmaya jJAna-puMja se cAroM dizAoM ko Alokita kara rahA hai aura "maiM vahI hU~, maiM vahI hU~, maiM vahI hU~" arthAt 'maiM hI zuddhAtmA hU~' -isa satya kA amRtanAda sunA rahA hai| "kahA~ hai ajJAnarUpI vaha andhakAra, maiM bhI to use dekhU?" --yaha kahatA huA jJAnarUpI prakAza kA sajaga praharI prajjvalita vaha dIpaka ghara-ghara meM, AMgana-AMgana meM ghUma-ghUma kara deha evaM AtmA kI bhinnatArUpI nizcayAtmaka jJAna (bhedavijJAna) kA alakha jagA rahA hai| (2) jisaprakAra prajjvalita dIpaka apane prakAza se para-padArthoM ko to Alokita karatA hai, kintu usakA svayaM kA tela tila-tila karake jalatA rahatA hai; usIprakAra sAMsArika viSaya-bhogoM kI sArahInatA ko samajhe binA hI yaha mora arthAt karmalipta jIva bhramavaza apane ko sukhI mAnakara usI meM pramudita rahA karatA hai aura isIliye aSTakarma anAdikAla se hI usake citra-vicitra malinarUpoM (arthAt 84 lAkha yoniyoM meM nAnArUpoM) kA pradarzana karAte rahate haiN| ___kintu kSaNabhaMgura isa zarIra ko kyA koI surakSA de sakatA hai? isa nazvara tana ko kyA koI zAzvata banA sakatA hai? miTTI ke sakore arthAt zarIra se ur3ate hue zreSTha rAjahaMsa arthAt zuddhAtma ko kyA koI Aja taka roka bhI sakA hai? jaba taka usameM AtmA kA nivAsa hai, tabhI taka usa zarIra kI sthiti hai| haMsa arthAt AtmA ke ur3a jAne ke bAda to vaha mAtra pudgala hai, jar3a hai aura vaha miTTI ke phUTe hue sakore ke samAna nirarthaka hai| yadyapi tela evaM tUla kA ThATha-bATa nazvara, sArahIna evaM nirarthaka hai; phira bhI yaha ajJAnIjIva bhramavaza usameM lipta rahakara sukhAnubhava karatA rahatA hai| (3) candramA kI AbhA arthAt AtmA para rAtri aura andhakAra arthAt mithyAtva evaM ajJAna kA AvaraNa car3hA huA hai; kintu aba svarNadvIpa ke samAna usa AtmA ne apane jJAnAvaraNI-karma ko naSTa karane ke liye apane taparUpI parAkrama ko jJAnarUpI viveka kI kasauTI para kasa diyA hai aura aba vaha pUrI taraha se isa saMsArarUpI durjeya raNabhUmi meM apane karmarUpI (jJAnAvaraNI, darzanAvaraNI, mohanIya aura antarAya) zatruoM para vijaya prApta karane ke liye kaTibaddha hai| karmoM para vijaya prApta karane meM sakSama AtmA apane upakrama se vIra-kezarI kI bhA~ti karma-nirjarA se utpanna saundaryarUpI sindUrI-raMga meM snAta ho gaI hai| vijaya ke usa ullAsa ke kAraNa aba Atma-jAgaraNa ke liye dina aura rAta meM koI antara nahIM rhaa| niSkalaMka AtmA ke isa ratajage arthAt aharniza AdhyAtmika jAgaraNa kI pronnata dazA meM aba rAga-dveSa, kAma-krodhAdi koI bhI kisI bhI prakAra kA vyavadhAna nahIM DAla sakatA hai| (4) cAra ghAtiyA karmoM ke naSTa ho jAne para yaha zuddha AtmA sAdhanA kI eka-eka 0036 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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sIr3hI para jaise-jaise agrasara hotI jAtI hai, vaise-vaise hI aghAtiyA-karma rUpI sudRr3ha aMjanakUTa (zikhara) bhI kramaza: tar3Atar3a TUTate jAte haiN| jisaprakAra atyadhika lAr3a-dulAra meM palI huI bhAminI ke nRtya ke hAtha-bhAva tAla kI eka-eka kampana para sAkAra ho uThate haiM, usIprakAra sAdhaka kI Atma-sAdhanA se usakI karma-jaMjIreM eka-eka kara TUTatI jAtI haiN| apanI tapasyA aura gahana-sAdhanA se AtmA ne ajJAna-andhakArarUpI dAnava kI zalyarUpI zalAkAoM ko mAnoM cunautI hI de DAlI hai aura lalakAra kara kahA hai ki "aba maiM apane prakAza (jJAna) ke samakSa tujhe parAjita karake hI rhuuNgii|" timirarUpI ajJAna tathA kRSNa arthAt kaluSita zarIra ke sAtha lAvaNyamayI rAdhA arthAt yaha caitanyAtmA abhI taka bhramavaza rAsa kaise racAtI calI A rahI hai? arthAt paudgalika jar3a zarIra meM karmalipta AtmA kaise Ananda manAtI calI A rahI hai? --yahI Azcarya kA viSaya hai| 'so'haM' ke japa kA marma "sohamityAttasaMskAratasmin bhAvanayA pun:| tatraiva dRDha saMskArAllabhate hyAtmani sthiti||" -(AcArya pUjyapAda, samAdhitantra 28) artha:- AtmA kI bhAvanA karanevAlA AtmA meM sthita ho jAtA hai| so'haM' ke japa kA yahI marma hai| mahAkavi bhAsa aura 'zramaNa' mahAkavi bhAsa kI dRSTi meM 'zramaNa' avaidika bhI the aura nagna digambara bhii| isakA unhoMne apane 'avimAraka' nAmaka nATaka meM spaSTa pramANa diyA hai vidUSaka- "bhedi ! ahaMko, samaNao?" (sammAnyA ! maiM kauna hU~? zramaNa hU~ kyA?) ceTI"tamaM kila avedigo|" (tuma to avaidika ho, arthAt zramaNa ho) isase spaSTa hai ki bhAsa ke samaya (IsApUrva caturtha zatAbdI) meM bhAratavarSa meM zramaNoM ko 'avaidika' kahA jAtA thaa| ___isI nATaka meM Age ve zramaNa ko nagna digambara bhI pramANita karate haiM--"Ama bhodi ! jaNNopavIdeNaM bamhaNo, cIvareNa rttpddo| jadi vatthaM avaNemi, samaNao homi|" (ThIka hai sammAnyA ! yajJopavIta se brAhmaNa aura cIvara se raktapaTa arthAt bauddhabhikSu jAne jAte haiN| yadi maiM vastra tyAga kara dUMgA, to maiM zramaNa ho jaauuNgaa|) ukta vAkya se uge hue sUrya kI bhA~ti svata: pramANita hai ki mahAkavi bhAsa ke kAla meM zramaNa nagna digambara hI hote the aura vastrAveSTita zvetAmbaroM kA abhyudaya usa samaya nahIM huA thaa| isa tathya ko DaoN0 e0sI0 pusAlakara prabhRti vidvAnoM ne bhI satyApita kiyA hai| prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 40 37

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Agama - maryAdA evaM nirgrantha zramaNa - zrImatI raMjanA jaina Agama-granthoM meM 'AgamacakkhU sAhU' kahakara nirgrantha zramaNoM ko Agama ( zAstra) rUpI cakSuoM se dekhakara zrAmaNyapatha para agrasara hone kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai| kintu Aja ke katipaya zramaNa to apane vacanoM va nirdezoM ko hI 'Agama' mAnakara jaisA vyavahAra kara rahe haiM; usase sampUrNa samAja ciMtita hai| kyoMki jisa zrAmaNya kI pratiSThA AcAryapravara kundakunda ne atyantaM dRr3hatA pUrvaka kI thI, usakI garimA ko to ye malina kara hI rahe haiM, sAtha hI usake mUlasvarUpa ko bhI manamAne DhaMga se vyAkhyAyita kara rahe haiM / aisI viSama paristhitiyoM meM Agama kI maryAdA kA bodha karAte hue sAdhucaryA kA svarUpa evaM mahimA viduSI lekhikA ne sapramANa vinamra zabdoM meM maryAditarUpa se isa Alekha meM prastuta kiyA hai / -sampAdaka prAcIna bhAratIya vAGmaya meM nirgrantha zramaNoM kA jaisA yazogAna kiyA gayA hai, use dekhakara svata: jijJAsA hotI hai ki nirgrantha zramaNoM ke svarUpa meM aisI kyA vizeSatA thI, jisake kAraNa jainetaroM ne bhI sadA se unakA sabahumAna ullekha kiyA hai ? aisA nahIM hai ki mAtra nyAyagraMthoM meM pUrvapakSa ke rUpa meM unhoMne jainoM kA ullekha kiyA ho; apitu unhoMne apane siddhAntagranthoM evaM tattvajJAna - prarUpaka zAstroM meM bhI nirgrantha zramaNoM kA vizeSarUpa anekatra sAdara ullekha kiyA hai / udAharaNa-svarUpa 'bhAgavata' ke isa padya ko dekheM: ---- "santuSTAH karuNA: maitrA: zAntA dAntAstitikSavaH / AtmArAmAH samadRza: prAyazaH zramaNA janAH / / " - ( bhAgavata, 12/3/19) artha:- -- zramaNajana (nirgrantha digambara sAdhujana) santoSI vRttivAle, karuNApUrita hRdayavAle, prANImAtra ke sAtha maitrIbhAvayukta, zAntapariNAmI, indriyajayI, AtmA meM hI magna rahanevAle evaM samatAdRSTimaya (samabhAvI) hote haiM / isameM anekoM prazasta vizeSaNoM se na kevala jainazramaNoM kA paricaya diyA gayA hai, apitu unheM itane utkRSTa vizeSaNapadoM se bahumAnita bhI kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ to mAtra AdarabhAva vyakta karake mahimAgAna hI kiyA gayA hai, kiMtu zivabhakta 38 prAkRtavidyA - janavarI-mArca 2000

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kavi bhartRhari ne to digambara zramaNa banane kI hI bhAvanA spaSTarUpa se vyakta kara dI hai:- "ekAkI nispRhaH zAnta: pANipAtro digambaraH / kadA zambho ! bhaviSyAmi karma-nirmUlana-kSamaH / / " - (vairAgyazataka, 89) arthaH he zambhu (ziva) ! maiM samasta karmoM ko nirmUla (naSTa) karane meM sakSama ekAkI, nirAkAMkSI, zAntacitta, karatalabhojI digambara zramaNa kaba bana pAU~gA? / dhyAtavya hai ki ye sabhI vizeSaNa nirgrantha digambara jaina zramaNoM ke haiN| ata: pratIta hotA hai ki inhIM vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa hI ina jainetara-vidvAnoM ne jainazramaNoM evaM zrAmaNya ke prati itanA Adara/bahumAna vyakta kiyA hai| jainazramaNoM kI inhIM asAdhAraNa vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa 'bhAgavata' ke kartA ne unakI utkRSTa sthiti bhI svIkAra kI hai "munInAM nyastadaMDAnAM zAntAnAM smcetsaam| akiMcanAnAM sAdhUnAM yamAhuH paramAM gatim / / " - (bhAgavata, 10/89/17) artha:--mana-vacana-kAya ina tInoM daMDoM ko anuzAsita (maryAdita) rakhanevAle, zAntasvabhAvI, samatAbhAvI, aparigrahI sAdhu, jinheM 'muni' bhI kahA jAtA hai, kI utkRSTa gati hotI hai| arthAt inakI bhaviSya meM niyamata: sadgati hI hotI hai| Aja ke pariprekSya meM hama vicAra kareM ki Aja ke zramaNoM meM ve guNa kisa sthiti meM haiM, jinake kAraNa ve sarvatra bahumAnita hote the? __kyA kAraNa thA ki bharatamuni jaise mahAmanISI ko nirdeza denA par3A ki nirgrantha muni ke sAtha 'bhadanta' (bhagavAn) saMbodhanapUrvaka atyanta Adara ke sAtha saMbhASaNa karanA cAhiye- "nirgranthA bhadanteti pryoktRbhiH|" - (nATyazAstram, 17/7) __itihAsa sAkSI hai ki jainazramaNa na kevala cAritrika-sAdhanA, apitu jJAnagaurava ke kAraNa bhI sadaiva preraNAsrota rahe haiN| yadi aisA na hotA, to anekoM jainetara manISI jaina-paramparA meM zramaNadIkSA lekara zrAmaNya kI gauravavRddhi nahIM krte| AcArya vidyAnandi svAmI (8vIM zatA0 I0) jaise mahAn AcArya aise hI zramaNoM kI zreNI meM Ate haiN| ___ jJAna kI aisI utkRSTa garimA yoM hI prakaTa nahIM huI thii| apitu zramaNa-paramparA ke sAdhaka AgamagranthoM kA vidhivat sUkSma adhyayana karake hI isa garimA ke yogya bana sake the| yaha unakA anivArya kartavya thaa| suprasiddha nirgranthAcArya zivArya isa bAre meM likhate haiM:"kaMThagade vi pANe hi, sAhuNA Agamo hi kaadvvo|" ---(bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 153) arthAt prANa kaNTha meM A base hoM - aisA bhISaNa saMkaTa upasthita ho jAye; to bhI sAdhuoM (nirgrantha digambara zramaNoM) ko AgamagranthoM kA svAdhyAya hI karanA caahiye| __ jainazramaNa abhIkSNa-jJAnopayogI hote the| isI bAta kI puSTi isa padya se hotI hai "paraM palitakAyena kartavya: zrutasaMgrahaH / na tatra dhanino yAnti yatra bhushrutaaH||" prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 00 39

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artha:--atyadhika vRddha ho jAne para bhI zAstroM kA abhyAsa (zrutasaMgraha) nirantara karate rahanA caahiye| isakA eka vizeSa lAbha yaha hotA hai ki jahA~ aise bahuzruta (zAstrajJAnI) zramaNa/manISI jAte haiM, vahA~ dhanArthI aura dhanavAn loga nahIM jAte haiN| ___ isakA supariNAma yaha hotA hai ki unakI jJAnasAdhanA nirvighnarUpa se calatI rahatI hai tathA sAMsArika prapaMcoM meM unakA mana calAyamAna nahIM ho pAtA hai| jainAcArya zarvavarma apane vyAkaraNa-grantha meM isa bAre meM nimnAnusAra nirdeza karate haiM- "yAvati vinda jiivo|" - (kAlApaka-kAtaMtra vyAkaraNa, 4/6/9, pR0 799) bhASya - "yaavjjiivmdhiiyte| yAvantaM jIvati tAvantaM adhIte ityarthaH / " arthAt jaba taka jIvita rahatA hai, taba taka par3hatA hai| saMbhavata: yaha nirgrantha digambara jaina zramaNa ko dRSTi meM rakhakara hI unhoMne likhA hai| zAstrAbhyAsa meM hI nirantara gahana ruci evaM tallInatA ke kAraNa ve jJAnI-dhyAnI zramaNa anya prazasta sAMsArika kriyAoM se bhI prAya: virata rahate haiN| kriyAkalApa' graMtha meM isa tathya kI puSTi karate hue kahA gayA hai "ye vyAkhyAnti na zAstraM na dadAti dIkSAdikaJca ziSyANAm / karmonmUlanazaktA dhyAnaratAste'tra sAdhavo jJeyA: / / " -(sAmAyika daNDaka, 4, pR0 143) artha:--jo na to logoM ke bIca jAkara (paMDitoM kI taraha) zAstroM kA vyAkhyAna karate haiM, na ziSyoM ko dIkSA dene Adi ke kAmoM meM lage rahate haiM; mAtra karmoM ko naSTa karane meM apanI zakti kA upayoga karate huye jo AtmadhyAna meM lIna haiM, unheM hI sAdhu jAnanA' caahiye| aisA kyoM? -to vicAra karane para samAdhAna milatA hai ki zAstrAbhyAsa evaM AtmadhyAna abAdhita banA rahe - isI bhAvanA se ve aisA karate haiN| kyoMki zAstra-sindhu agAdha, apAra hai; isa choTe-se manuSya jIvana meM kSudra-kSayopazamarUpI naukA se isakA pAra pA sakanA asaMbhava hai| ata: jitanA bana sake jJAna-dhyAna meM lIna rheN| anAvazyaka upadeza dene, dIkSA dekara saMgha bar3hAne ke cakkara meM kauna par3e? phira bhI kadAcit upadeza dene meM rAgavaza pravRtta ho bhI jAyeM, to phira vyApaka zAstrajJAna, smaraNazakti kI kamI kiMcit mAtra bhI pramAdabhAva hone se zAstra kI maryAdA ke viruddha vacana saMbhava haiN| tathA aise logoM (Agamaviruddha bolane vAloM) ke lie zAstra meM 'dIkSAccheda' ke prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai "utsUtraM varNayet kAmaM jinendroktamiti bruvan / yathAcchaMdo bhavatyeSa tasya mUlaM vitiiryte||" --(prAyazcitta-samuccaya, 236, pR0 136) 40 40 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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artha:--jo sAdhu Agama-viruddha bolatA hai, use mUla-prAyazcitta denA caahiye| tathA jo sarvajJapraNIta vacanoM ko chor3akara apanI icchAnusAra logoM ke bIca bolatA hai, vaha svecchAcArI' hai; ata: usa svecchAcArI ko mUlaccheda (dIkSAccheda) kA prAyazcitta denA caahiye| isIlie kahA gayA hai ki tapa:sAdhanA ke sAtha-sAtha zAstrAbhyAsa ko sAdhujanoM meM kadApi zithilatA bhI nahIM karanA caahiye| anyathA jaise sImA para khar3e phaujI ke hAtha se zastra nikalate hI usakA maraNa ho jAtA hai, vaha AtmarakSA aura rASTrarakSA meM samartha nahIM ho pAtA hai; usIprakAra yadi zrAmaNya ko aMgIkAra karanevAle sAdhu ke hAtha se zAstra chUTa jAte haiM arthAt vaha zAstrAbhyAsa meM pramAdI ho jAtA hai, to viSayoM ke AkarSaNajAla meM ulajhakara usakA patana avazyaMbhAvI hai; vaha na to zramaNacaryA kI rakSA kara sakatA hai aura na hI samAja ko sahI dizA dene meM samartha ho sakatA hai| zAstrAbhyAsa hI unake mana ko zAMta aura udvegarahita rakhakara zrAmaNyapatha para agrasara rakhatA hai| -isa tathya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara vartamAna zramaNoM ko bhI AgamagraMthoM kA gahana abhyAsa karanA caahiye| tathA yadi upadeza Adi kA prasaMga upasthita ho, to mUlagraMthoM ko sAmane rakhakara usI ke anusAra vyAkhyAna dene caahiye| isake atirikta meloM, jalUsoM, AndolanoM, pUjA-pATha Adi kAryoM va dhanasaMgraha jaise zrAmaNyaviruddha kAryoM se bacakara rahanA caahiye| tathA samAja ko bhI cAhiye ki vaha zramaNoM kI zAstrokta sAdhanApaddhati ko jAnakara unakI jJAnasAdhanA meM sAdhaka bane aura unase sAMsArika bAtoM kI carcA bhI nahIM kre| parigraha-saMgraha kI pravRtti ko protsAhita karane kA to pUrNa bahiSkAra hI honA caahiye| anyathA zramaNadharma aura samAja--donoM kA bhaviSya aMdhakAramaya ho jaayegaa| prAcIna rAjanIti kI saphala AdhArazilA ahicchetra kA rAjA padyanAbha thA, usake Upara ujjaina nareza ne Akramaza kara diyaa| padyanAbha ne surakSA ke lie apane putra mAdhava aura daddagi ko rAjacihnoM sahita anya pradeza meM bheja diyaa| donoM rAjakumAra karnATaka deza ke jinamandira meM jinendradarzana ko gye| vahIM para AcArya siMhanaMdi ke darzana kara unakA AzIrvAda prApta kiyaa| AcAryazrI ne unheM vidvAn banAkara vahA~ kA rAjA banA diyA tathA morapicchI ko rAjadhvaja kA cihna bnaayaa| AcAryazrI ne unheM zikSAyeM dI- jaba taka 1. tuma loga vacana bhaMga nahIM karoge, 2. jinazAsana se vimukha nahIM banoge, 3. parastrI ke Upara kudRSTi nahIM DAloge, 4. madya-mAMsa kA sevana nahIM karoge, 5. nIca vyaktiyoM kI kusaMgati nahIM karoge, 6. yAcakajanoM ko dAna dete rahoge, 7. raNabhUmi meM pITha nahIM dikhAoge, taba taka tumhArA zAsana aura kula naSTa ho jaayegaa| isa zikSA para dUsarI zatAbdI se 16vIM zatAbdI taka isa gaMgavaMza ke jaina rAjAoM kA 1500 varSoM taka dakSiNa meM rAjyazAsana jaina guruoM ke tattvAvadhAna meM calatA rhaa| ** prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 40 41

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eka mahattvapUrNa prazna kA samAdhAna -nAthUlAla jaina zAstrI AdhunikatAvAdI aparikva vidvAn zAstra kI maryAdA ko bhalIbhA~ti samajhe binA kaise-kaise anartha utpanna kara lete haiN| ina anarthoM kA ekamAtra kAraNa zabda ko 'lakIra ke phakIra' kI taraha pakar3anA hai| vastuta: AcArazAstrIya zabdoM kA prAmANika artha vyApaka adhyayana, paramparA evaM vyavahAra kA sUkSmajJAna hue binA ThIka-ThIka nahIM nikAlA jA sakatA hai| vayovRddha manISI sAdhaka paM0 nAthUlAla jI zAstrI ne eka aise hI prazna kA atyanta prAmANika samAdhAna isa Alekha meM kiyA hai| -sampAdaka __ aneka vidvAn aura zrI jugala kizora jI mukhtAra kaMdamUlAdi ko sacitta ko acitta karake khAne, khilAne meM doSa nahIM mAnate the| mukhtAra sAhaba kA 'galatI aura galataphahamI' zIrSaka nibandha, unakI 'yugavIra nibaMdhAvalI' dUsarA bhAga meM prakAzita hai, jisake prabhAva se ailaka pannAlAla jI aura bra0 jJAnAnaMda jI ne AhAra meM acitta AlU khAnA prAraMbha kara diye the| 'jainagajaTa' ke pUrva aMka meM isake samAcAra bhI prakAzita huye the| amerikA ke kucha svAdhyAyapremI sajjanoM ne zrI DaoN0 naMdalAla jI, rIvA dvArA mere pAsa aneka praznoM meM se yaha sacitta-saMbaMdhI prazna bhI bhejA gayA hai| "muul-phl-shaak-shaakhaa-kriir-kNd-prsn-biijaani| nAmAni yo'tti so'yaM sacittavirato dayAmUrti: / / " -(AcArya samaMtabhadra, ratnakaraMDa zrAvakAcAra 4) artha:--paMcama pratimAdhArI zrAvaka kacce mUla, phala, zAka, zAkhA, karIra, kaMda (AlU zakarakaMda Adi), phala aura bIja nahIM khAtA arthAt inheM agni meM pakane para khA sakatA hai aura aisA dayAmUrti muni Adi ko AhAra meM de bhI sakatA hai| "phala-kaMda-mUla-vIyaM aNaggipakkaM tu AmayaM kiNci| pacchA aNaMsaNIyaM NAviya paDicchaMti te dhiiraa||" -(mUlAcAra', AcArya baTTakera, gA0 827) artha:-agni meM nahIM pake hue phala, kaMda, mUla, bIja tathA aura bhI kacce padArtha jo khAne yogya nahIM hai, aisA jAnakara dhIra muni unheM svIkAra nahIM krte| 40 42 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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zrAvakoM aura muniyoM-saMbaMdhI ukta donoM padyoM kA jo anuvAda prakAzita hai, unase to yahI mAlUma par3atA hai ki ukta kaMda Adi agni meM pakane para khAdya haiN| yahA~ tyAga kI dRSTi se AcArya kA likhanA ucita hai; kyoMki sUtrarUpa meM vAkya likhanA pUrvAcAryoM kA uddezya rahA hai| zrAvakoM ke lie samAdhAna yaha hai ki jaina ahiMsaka hotA hai| jo hiMsA ke kAraNa haiM, unase vaha sadA dUra rahatA hai| usake AhAra-vihAra meM ahiMsA kA pAlana hotA hai| madya, mAMsa, madhu, paMca udambara phala, kanda (AlU, zakarakaMda, gAjara, mUlI Adi) begana, dahIbar3A, rAtri annAhAra, amaryAdita acAra Adi 22 abhakSya ke AraMbha kA 'pAkSika' zrAvaka (ahiMsA kA pakSa rakhanevAlA) kI prathama avasthA se hI tyAga hotA hai| zrAvaka ke bAraha vratoM meM jaba vaha paMca aNuvratoM ko dRr3ha karate hue guNavratoM aura zikSAvratoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai; taba 'bhogopabhoga-parimANavata' ke antargata "alpaphala-bahuvighAtAnmUlakamAINi shrRNgveraanni| navanItaM niMbakusumaM metakamityevamavaheyam / / " -(ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, 84) artha:-zloka 83 meM madya, mAMsa, madhu-tyAga kA kathana AyA hai| unake sAtha hI isa zloka meM lAbha kama aura jIvahiMsA-bahula ye mUlI, adaraka, zrRMgabera, makkhana, niMba ke phala, ketakI-puSpa ityAdi ko bhI tyAganA caahiye| yaha kahA gayA hai| inameM anaMtAnaMba bAdara nigodiyA jIva to rahate hI haiM aura trasa-jIvoM kI bhI zaMkA rahatI hai; ata: ina jIvoM kI hiMsA se zrAvaka ko bacanA caahiye| ___ yahA~ prakaraNavaza bhoga ke aMtargata madya, mAMsa, madhu Adi kA tyAga batAyA hai; jinakA zrAvaka AjIvana tyAga karatA hai| isakA yaha artha nahIM leveM ki isa vrata ke pUrva zrAvaka madya, mAMsa Adi kA tyAgI nahIM thaa| kyoMki ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra' meM pAkSika, naiSThika, sAdhaka ina zrAvaka ke doM kA varNana nahIM kara prAraMbha se hI 12 vratoM kA 11 pratimAoM kA varNana kiyaa| yahI bAta cauthI pratimA 'sacittavirata' meM hI jAna lenA caahiye| vahA~ zloka 141 meM mUlaphala-zAka Adi jo zloka hai, usameM jo 'mUla-phala-zAka-zAkhA-karIra-kanda' Adi abhakSya phala Aye haiM, inakA tyAga kyA isa pratimA meM hotA hai| usake pahale yaha zrAvaka tIsarI pratimA taka khAtA thA? yahA~ bhI prakaraNavaza ye nAma sacitta ke aMtargata Aye haiN| kintu yahA~ pUrvavat yaha niyama hai "svaguNA: pUrvaguNaiH saha saMtiSThante krmvivRddhaa|" artha:-pUrvavratoM ke sAtha Age ke vrata pAlana kiye jAte haiN| yaha tathya ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra' ke kartA AcArya samaMtabhadra, jo ki vikrama kI dvitIya zatAbdI ke pramukha AcArya the, ke dvArA kahA gayA hai| prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 10 43

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ata: jaba 'mUla-phala-zAka-zAkhA-karIra-kaMda-prasana-bIjAni' Adi inakA sacitta-acita donoM prakAra se abhakSya aura bhogopabhoga ke aMtargata tyAga ho cukA hai, to yahA~ prakaraNavaza kahA gayA mAna lenA caahiye| isake pazcAt sacitta meM jo ThaMDA chanA jala aura namaka jo sacitta mAnA jAtA hai, use lenA hogaa| unakA tyAga isa pratimA meM hai, yaha nizcita hotA hai| yahA~ sakalakIrti-kRta 'zrAvakAcAra' ke anusAra mUlaphala Adi abhakSya (tyAjya) mAne gaye hai, jinako yahA~ 'sacitta' zabda dvArA batAyA gayA hai| ___munirAja ke AcAragraMtha 'mUlAcAra' gAthA 827 meM bhI jo 'phala-kaMda-mUla-bIya' Adi batalA cuke haiM, usakA bhI samAdhAna ukta prakAra hI hai| kintu praznakartA likhatA yaha hai ki hameM prathama dvitIya zatAbdI yA pramukha baTTakera AcArya dvArA kiye gaye samAdhAna hI mAnya hoNge|' ata: isa 827 naM0 kI gAthA, jo sUtrarUpa meM hai, vyAkhyArUpa meM AcArya vasunaMdi dvArA kI gaI vyAkhyA ke anusAra batalAnI hogii| upagAthA meM cAra pRthak-pRthak pada hai:- 1. phalAni kaMdamUlAni, 2. bIjAni, 3. anAgnipakvAni ye bhavaMti, 4. anyadapi AmakaM yatkiMcit / tadanazanIyaM jJAtvA naivaM pratIcchati nAgyupagacchaMti te dhiiraaH|| artha:--kaMdamUla phala (yaha svataMtra zabda hai) aura 2. bIja (yaha aMkuropati kI upekSA abhakSya hai), 3. jo dUsare phala agni meM nahIM pakAye haiM, tathA 4. isake sivAya jo bhI sacitta kaccA (ThaMDA chanA huA jala, namaka Adi) padArtha haiM, use 'sacitta' yA 'abhakSya' mAnakara sAdhu ko nahIM denA cAhiye aura na sAdhu lete haiN| aise sAdhu dhIra hote haiN| yahA~ tIsare naMbara meM anagnipakva phaloM meM sabhI jo bhakSya phala haiM. ve DAla yA pAla meM pake hue hote haiM, kiMtu saMdigdha hone se agni meM pakAkara hI kAma meM liye jAte haiN| isa gAthA ke viSaya ke samarthana meM 'mUlAcAra' kI hI gAthA nimnaprakAra hai: "NaTa-roma-jaMtu-aTThI-kaNa-kuMDaya-pUya-camma-satira-majjhANi / bIya-mUla-kaMda-mUlA-chivaNANi malA caudasA hoti / / 484 / / yahA~ artha meM 134 AhAra-saMbaMdhI 'mala-doSa' varNita haiM, jo 46 doSoM ke aMtargata mAne gaye haiN| ye nakha, roma, haDDI, rudhira, mAMsa, bIja, kanda, mUla phala Adi haiN| ye munirAja ke AhAra meM A jAyeM, to vaha bhojana tyAjya ho jAtA hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki navadhAbhakti ke bAda munirAja ke AhAra meM kanda-mUla Adi ke agnipakva hone para bhI tyAjya mAne jAne se ye abhakSya hI haiN| _ 'bhAvapAhuDa' (AcArya kundakundakRta) gAthA 103 meM bhI paM0 jayacandajI chAbar3A ne batalAyA hai ki "kaMdamUlAdi sacitta yAnai anaMta jIvani kI kAyA hone se abhakSya haiN| inake khAne se anaMta sthAvara jIvoM kA ghAta hokara anaMta saMsAra meM bhaTakanA hotA hai|" 'zrAvaka dharmasaMgraha' meM kanda-mUlAdi ko anaMtara sthAvara (bAdara) evaM sazaMkita trasa-jIvoM se sahita batalAyA hai| 40 44 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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gorakSA se ahiMsaka saMskRti kI rakSA -AcArya vidyAnanda munirAja prANImAtra ke prati samabhAva rakhanevAle ahiMsakavRttipradhAna jainadharma meM sampUrNa prANiyoM evaM paryAvaraNa ke prati ananya hitaciMtana upalabdha hotA hai| jainadharma kisI prANI vizeSa kI rakSA ke prati pakSadhara kabhI nahIM rahA, apitu prANImAtra ke prati dayAlutA evaM usakI prANarakSA kA zubha saMkalpa isakA mUlamaMtra rahA hai| 'go' zabda Aja rUr3ha artha meM 'gAya' nAmaka pazuvizeSa kA vAcaka ho gayA hai| prAcIna sandarbho meM ise pazumAtra evaM prANImAtra kA vAcaka bhI mAnA gayA hai| eka nirgrantha saMta ke anupama ciMtana se prasUta yaha prabhAvI Alekha nizcaya hI Aja ke AndolanoM evaM AndolakoM ko sahI dRSTi pradAna kara skegaa| jJAtavya hai ki yaha Alekha Aja se lagabhaga 25 varSa pUrva likhA evaM prakAzita huA thA, taba Aja ke AndolanoM evaM AndolakoM kA aMkuraNa bhI nahIM huA thaa| vartamAna meM jaba gujarAta, rAjasthAna Adi prAMtoM meM akAla kI vibhISikA ke kAraNa lAkhoM pazu pAnI evaM cAre ke abhAva meM mara rahe haiM, taba ye gaurakSA Andolana vAle kahA~ mu~ha chipAye baiThe haiN| yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai| -sampAdaka kAmanA-kalaza kI pUrti - Aja bhAratavarSa govaMza ke lie abhizApa-bhUmi bana rahA hai| jisa deza kI saMskRti, sabhyatA aura jIvana govaMza kI samRddhi para Azrita hoM, usI meM usake lie arakSaNIya sthiti kA utpanna honA, vAstava meM zocanIya hai| kRSi ke mahAn upakAraka, sAttvika zAkAhAra ko amRtarasa pradAna karanevAle govaMza kA RNa amA~sabhojI parivAra kI pIr3hiyA~ bhI nahIM cukA skeNgii| zAkAhArI aura ahiMsaka samAja ne govaMza se jitanA dUdha piyA hai, utanA pAnI bhI pilAne meM vaha anudAra dikhAyI de rahA hai| yathArtha meM dekhA jAe to govaMza ahiMsaka samAja-racanA kA mukhya AdhAra hai, usakI prathama AvazyakatA hai| zAkAhAriyoM kI rasoI kA rasamaya Alambana ghRta, dugdha, dadhi, navanIta, takra, khovA (mAvA) aura aneka saMyogI vyaMjana go ke amRtamaya stanya kI dena hai| jananI ke dUdha ko bAlaka kucha varSoM pItA hai, parantu go-dugdhapAna to vaha jIvana-bhara karatA hai| jananI kevala apane zizu-putra ko stanyapAna karAtI hai, parantu gAya apane vatsa ko pilAne ke sAtha-sAtha mAnava kI icchAoM ke kalaza ko bhI dUdha se AkaNTha-pUrita karatI hai; isIlie yahA~ go ko gRhya-pazuoM meM sarvaprathama sthAna diyA gayA aura godhana gajadhana vAjidhana' kahate hue, use dhana-sampatti bhI svIkArA gyaa| prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 40-45

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tinake se kSIra-samudra go-rahita bhAratIya saMskRti kI to kalpanA bhI nahIM kI jA sktii| prANIzAstra kA adhyayana anusaMdhAna karanevAle purANa-bhAratIyoM ne gAya ko pRthvI ke samAna guNazIla kahA hai| nItikAra kahate haiM--tRNaM bhuktvA paya: sUte ko'nyo dhenusama: zuciH' (aho ! tinake cabAkara dUdha, utpanna karanevAlI go ke samAna aura kauna pavitra hai?) yaha bhAratIyoM dvArA kiyA gayA dhenu-sambandhI nikaTa kA adhyayana hai| isameM yadi kisI ko pakSapAta kI gandha Aye, to vaha go ke itara pazuoM se viziSTa guNa ke kAraNa hai| gAya jaba jalAzaya para pAnI pIne jAtI, hai to kinAre para khar3I rahakara pI letI hai; parantu gAya ke samAna athavA usase bhI adhika dUdha denevAlI mahiSI (bhaiMsa) jalAzaya meM utarakara use malina kara detI hai| khetoM meM caratI huI gAya ghAsa kA mUlotpATana nahIM karatI, Upara-Upara se use cara letI hai; jabaki anya pazu apanI jihvA aura oSTha-sampuTa kA dRr3ha AkuMcana kara mUla ukhAr3akara khA jAte haiN| saMbhavata: isIlie zramaNa-jaina-sAdhu apanI caryA ke lie gocarI' zabda vyavahAra karate haiM; kyoMki ve aneka gRhasthoM ko abAdhita rakhate hue bhikSA grahaNa karate haiN| gaucaryA aura gocarI digambara-sampradAya ke AhAra-viSaya meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki dina nikalane ke pazcAt jisa samaya (prAya: 9-10 ke bIca) gauyeM carane ke nimitta gocara-bhUmiyoM ke lie prasthAna karatI haiM, vaha samaya muniyoM ke AhAra kA hotA hai| isaprakAra gRhastha hI nahIM, saMnyAsa-dharma kA rakSaNa karane vAle muni, sAdhujana bhI gauoM ke vihAra se apanI-caryA kA anubandha batAte haiN| 'gocarI' zabda kA eka anya abhiprAya aura bhI hRdayaMgama karane yogya hai| kahate haiM, jisaprakAra gau ghAsa lAkara rakhane vAle vyakti kI ora lakSya na rakhakara tRNa-bhakSaNa kI ora hI apanA dhyAna lagAtI hai, usIprakAra AhAra-nimitta gRhastha ke yahA~ pahu~cA sAdhu AhAra-kavala dene vAle kI aMga-cArutA, veSavinyAsa, athavA sauMdarya para dhyAna nahIM rakhakara gocarI-grahaNamAtra kA zAstra-vidhi-sammata dhyAna rakhatA hai| isaprakAra gau ke svabhAva para caryA ke zabda kA nirmANa karane vAle zAstrakAroM ne gau meM itara pazuoM se viziSTa guNa kA anusandhAna kara ucita sammAna diyA hai| gAyeM : Age, pIche, sarvatra kRSi-pradhAna bhArata ke sUktikAroM ne "gobhirna tulyaM dhanamasti kiMcit' -govaMza ke tulya anya dhana nahIM hai, kahate hue gau ko bhAratIyoM kA dhana kahA hai| purANoM meM gRhasthoM aura nRpatiyoM ke vaibhava kA varNana-paricaya unake gau-bahula hone se kiyA gayA hai| Azrama meM navAgata ziSya ko prAya: 'gAzcAraya' (gAya carAkara lAo) se adhyayanArambha karAyA jAtA thaa| sAre deza meM ghara-ghara meM gopAlana ho, isI bhAvanA se pratyeka dAnAdi dhArmika avasara para dakSiNArUpa meM godAna hotA thaa| prAya: aise satroM para dAtA grahItA ko varSa-bhara ke lie 0046 prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000

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ghAsa-phUsa tathA anya pazu- bhakSaNIya annAdi bhI pradAna karate the| pariNAmasvarUpa deza-bhara meM ghRta-dugdha kI nadiyA~ pravAhita thIM / gRhastha atithiyoM ke Agamana kI pratIkSA kiyA karate the tathA kahate the "atithIMzca labhemahi zraddhA ca mA no vyagamat " arthAt hama atithiyoM ko prApta karate rahe, hamArI zraddhA kabhI kama na ho aura saubhAgyaparva ko ujAgara karane vAle atithi jaba ve unheM mila jAte the, taba ve unheM pracura dugdha - ghRta pilAkara unakA satkAra karate hue rASTra meM pracalita usa sUkta ko caritArtha karate the, jisameM kahA gayA hai-- 'ghRtairbodhayatAtithim' atithi kA ghRta se satkAra kro| ina sUktoM kA pracalana hI isa tathya kA samarthaka hai ki govaMza kI pAlanA ghara-ghara meM hotI thiiN| zrIkRSNa vAsudeva ne to gosaMvardhana ke lie vizeSa prayatna kiyA aura parvata jaise isa vizAla, gurutara kArya kA bhAra uThAkara govardhana kiyA / gAyoM ke parivardhana meM AryoM ke vaibhava kA vistAra dekhakara pratyeka bhAratIya ke lie eka sUkti yAda AtI hai-- 'gAvo me agrataH santu gAvo me santu pRSThata: / ' 'gauyeM mere Age raheM, gauyeM mere pRSThadeza meM hoM' - isaprakAra ke udgAra vyakta karane se hI Aja bhArata unheM 'gopAla' kahakara pukAratA hai / anaduhe-bhare dugdha-pAna saMskRta sAhitya meM gau ko 'aghnyA' (adaNDanIya) kahA hai| usa prAcIna samaya meM gRhastha 'gavATa' rakhate the, jinameM kSIra-dhAra se kSoNI (pRthvI) kA abhiSeka karanevAlI kumbhastanI gaue~ rahA karatIM thIM aura vatsapItAvazeSa dugdha se binA duhe pAtra bhara jAte the| bhagavajjinasenAcArya ne cakravartI bharata ke digvijaya - prakaraNa meM aisI bahukSIrA dhenuoM kA varNana kiyA hai, jinhoMne gocara bhUmi ko svayaM - prastuta dugdhadhAra se sIMca diyA thA aura jinake samUha vanoM meM nirbandha hariNoM se vicara rahe the, cara rahe the / ve padya nimnalikhita haiM-- 'gavAM gaNAnayApazyad goSpadAraNyacAriNaH / kSIra meghAnivAjasaMkSaratkSIraplutantikAn / / saurabheyAn sazRMgAgrasamutkhAtasthalAmbujAn / mRNAlAni yazAMsIva kirato'pazyadunmadAn / / ApapItapayasaH prAjyakSIrA lokopakAriNIH / payasvinIrivApazyat prasUtA: zAlisampadaH / / ' - ( jainAcArya jinasena, mahApurANa, 26 parva, 109, 10, 115 ) artha:- cakravartI bharata ne vanoM kI gocarabhUmi meM carate * hue gauoM ke samUha dekhe| ve samUha dUdha ke meghoM ke samAna nirantara jharate hue samIpavartinI bhUmi ko bhigo rahe the| sIMgoM hi agrabhAga se sthala - kamaloM ko ukhAr3akara idhara-udhara pheMkane meM lage hue mAno bharata ke yaza ko phailA rahe unmatta bailoM ko bharata ne dekhA / unhoMne yatra-tatra phailI huI dhAnarUpa sampadA ko gAyoM ke samAna dekhA, arthAt jaise gauyeM jala pItI haiM, usIprakAra dhAnyakSetra bhI jala prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca 2000 00 47

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piye hue the; jisaprakAra gauoM ke stanoM meM dUdha bharA rahatA hai, vaise dhAna meM bhI dUdha bharA huA thA aura jisaprakAra gauyeM lokopakAra karatI haiM, vaise dhAna bhI lokopakAra karate haiM / Aja kandhe Dhale hue haiM yahA~ gau ke lie jisa vizeSaNa padAvalI kA prayoga AcArya ne kiyA hai, vaha dhyAna dene yogya hai| unhoMne una gauoM ko kSIra - megha, prAjyakSIra aura lokopakArI batAyA hai| una gauoM ke sAtha deza kA svAsthya bhI pInapuSTa aura kSIrasnAta thA, isameM saMdeha nahIM / bAlaka usa samaya khar3e dUdha pIte the aura bailoM ke samAna U~ce kandhe vAle hote the / gauvaMza - pAlana kA yaha pratyakSa lAbha thaa| jisake abhAva meM Aja rASTra ke yuvAoM ke kandhe Dhale hue haiM aura rIr3ha kI asthi binA DorI khIMce dhanuSa- samAna hI jhukI huI hai / yaha cintanIya sthiti hai, jo rASTra ke bala-vaibhava ke lie abhizApa hai / 1 AdinAtha kA cihna - 'vRSabha' -- 'vAlmIki rAmAyaNa' meM likhA hai 'bhagavAn zrIrAmacandra ne vidvAnoM ko vidhipUrvaka koTi ayuta gauyeM dekara guNazIla rAjavaMzoM kI sthApanA kI' - "gavAM koTyayutaM dattvA vidvadbhyo vidhipUrvakam / rAjavaMzAn zataguNAn sthApayiSyati rAghavaH / / " - (vAlmIki rAmAyaNa) 1 bhArata meM rAjaprAsAdoM, kRSi aura RSi - kuTIroM kI samAna zobhA thI / tuSTi - puSTi ke lie gau ko 'kAmadhenu' saMjJA dI gayI hai / upaniSadoM meM sthAna-sthAna para vaidika RSiyoM ko rAjAoM ne godAna kiyA hai| eka bAra rAjA janaka ne eka sau gauoM ko alaMkRta kara RSiyoM se kahA ki " Apa meM jo brahmavettA hai, vaha ina gauoM ko le jAe / " maharSi yAjJavalkya gauoM ko hA~kakara le cale / anya vidvAn RSiyoM ne prazna kiyA ki - " hai yAjJavalkya ! kyA Apa brahmajJAnI haiM ? " yAjJavalkya jJAnI the, parantu unhoMne nirabhimAnI hokara kahA - " -" brahmavettA ko to hama sira jhukAte haiM / hameM to dUdha pIne ke lie gauoM kI AvazyakatA hai / " tAtparya yahI hai ki prAcIna rAjAoM ko godAna priya thA / ve manovinoda ke lie bhI aise prakaraNa DhU~r3ha nikAlate the, jinameM brahmacarcA bhI ho jAtI thI aura godAna ke vAMchita avasara bhI sulabha ho jAte the| prajApati RSabhanAtha kA cihna vRSabha hai| karmabhUmi meM kRSi ke Adi upadeSTA ke lie vRSabha - cihna dhAraNa karanA upayukta hI hai; isIlie AcArya samantabhadra ne bhakti - ucchvAsita hokara unheM kRSi-upadeSTA kahate hue likhA-- 'prajApatirya: prathamaM jijIviSuH zazAsa kRSyAdiSu karmasu prajA:' / parantu Aja kA yuga vicitra hai| jinakI jIvikA kA Alambana vidyA hai, ve sarasvatI - bhakta nahIM, svAdhyAya-rasika nahIM haiM; aura jo gAya-bachar3e kA cihna dhAraNa kara svayaM ko vRSabha - bhakta, kRSi-priya, kRSaka-mitra ityAdi vyakta karate evaM usI se mata prApta kara samAja evaM rASTra prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000 48

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meM agraNI banate haiM, ve bhI apanI una uktiyoM para AcaraNa kahA~ karate haiM? bAdala khetI jhulasA rahe haiM tIrthaMkara paMcakalyANaka-mahotsava meM jina-janma-kalyANaka prakaraNa meM kalazAbhiSeka se pUrva savatsadhenu kI pratiSThAtilaka' meM upasthitikaraNa-vidhi hai| jina-janma-kalyANaka meM upasthita kI jAne vAlI gau ko mahIne bhara chanA huA pAnI aura sUkhA cArA diyA jAtA hai aura pUrNa ahiMsakavRtti se usakA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke samakSa siMha aura gau ko eka pAtra meM nIra pIte hue dikhAyA gayA hai| jahA~ svabhAvata: hiMsaka prANI ke hRdaya meM eka taraha se ahiMsA kI sthApanA kI gayI hai, vahA~ ahiMsaka manuSya hI gorakSA kA virodhI ho to kahanA hogA ki "bAdala khetI ko jalA rahe haiM, bAr3a kheta ko khA rahI hai|" 'meghahiM barase tRNa jale, bAr3a kheta ko khaae| bhUpa kare anyAya to, nyAya kahA~ para jAe?' isIlie chahaDhAlA' meM daulatarAmajI ne kahA-'dharmI so govaccha-prIti-sama kara jinadharma dipAve (3 DhAla, 23vA~ pd)| jaise gau apane vatsa para prIti rakhatI hai, vaise dharma-vAtsalya kI rakSA se dharmI ko jinadharma para dhyAna rakhanA cAhie, kyoMki 'na dharmo dhArmikairvinA' (dhArmikoM ke binA dharma nahIM rhtaa)| jaina : go-pAlana ke satyAgrahI ___dharma ko vANI-vilAsa kA viSaya nahIM, vyavahAra kA aMga banAnA Avazyaka hai| 'kSatracUDAmaNi' meM jIvadhara-kathA meM gaurakSA kA eka sundara prakaraNa jaina AcArya vAdIbhasiMha ne diyA hai| eka samaya vyAdha-jAti ke logoM ne gopoM kI gAyoM kA haraNa kara liyaa| gopa kASThAMgAra kI rAjasabhA meM Akara rone-cillAne lge| rAjA ne senA ko unheM lauTAne ke lie bhejA, parantu senA parAjita ho gyii| usa samaya nirAzA meM DUbate hue una gopAloM kI gAyoM ko satyandhara-putra jaina rAjakumAra jIvandhara ne parAkramapUrvaka vyAdhoM ko vijita kara prApta kiyaa| nananda nandagopo'pi godhanasyopalambhata:' - isase gopAla-kula meM harSa chA gyaa| jaina rAjakumAra jIvandhara ne gorakSA ke lie apane prANoM kI paravAha nahIM kI aura vIratA se unheM bandhana-mukta kiyA; kyoMki kriyA-rahita vANI niSphala hai| jo mAnava saMkalpoM ko kriyAphalavAn banAtA hai; vahI saMkalpitoM kA vAstavika dogdhA mAnA jAtA hai| muniyoM ne vAtsalya-bhASA kA prayoga karate samaya gau kA aneka bAra dRSTAnta ke sAtha varNana kiyA hai| jaina loga go-pUjA nahIM, parantu gorakSA aura gopAlana ke satyAgrahI haiN| 'prajA kAmadudhA dhenurmatAnyonyayojitA' -nyAyapUrvaka pAlana kI huI prajA kAmadhenu gau samAna hai| "sampUjakAnAM pratipAlakAnAM yatIndrasAmAnyatapodhanAnAm / dezasya rASTrasya purasya rAjJa: karota zAntiM bhagavAn jinendraH / / " artha: tIrthakara vRSabhadeva-mahAvIra jinendra kRpayA pUjA-arcA karanevAloM, pratipAlakoM, yatIndroM aura sAmAnya tapodhanoM tathA deza, rASTra, nagara aura zAsakoM ke lie zAntikAraka hoN| prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000 10 49

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iSTa prArthanA 'kSemaM sarvaprajAnAM prabhavatu balavAn dhArmiko bhUmipAla: / kAle kAle ca vRSTiM vitaratu maghavA vyAdhayo yAntu nAzam / / ' durbhikSaM cauramAri: kSaNamapi jagatAM mA sma bhuujjiivloke| jainendraM dharmacakra prasaratu satataM sarvasaukhya-pradAyi / / artha:--sampUrNa prajAoM kA kalyANa ho, zaktizAlI dharmAtmA bhUmipAla (zAsana, rAjya meM) prabhAvazIla rheN| samaya-samaya para indra (megha) bhalI prakAra yathocita, varSA kareM, vyAdhiyoM kA nAza ho| duSkAla, cora aura mahAmArI jagat ko kaSTa dene ke lie kSaNa-bhara na hoM aura sabako sukha pradAna karanevAlA tIrthaMkara vRSabhAdi kA jinazAsana aura 'dharmacakra' vizva meM nirantara prabhAvazIla rhe| go-vadha : kaisA arthazAstra? ____ Aja ke digbhrAnta nAyakoM ne rASTra ko azucitA ke hAtha beca diyA hai| udara-bharaNa ke lie vaidezika anna kA AyAta karane para bhI unheM matsya-murgI-pAlana meM rASTrIya kSudhA kI tRpti dikhAyI detI hai, videzI-mudrA arjita karane ke lie gohatyA Avazyaka pratIta hotI hai| subhASita ke samAna madhura tathA sAdhu ke samAna nirdoSa gau ko mArakara gopAlaka gopAlakRSNa ke rASTrIya sahodara aura mahAvIra bhagavAn ke ahiMsaka deza ke pratinidhi vyApArI kisa andha-pAtaka ke atala-gahara meM gire jA rahe haiM? yaha vaktavya kyA jAgrataprabodha mAtra nahIM hai! jihvA-lolupatA ke zikAra mAMsa-meM-mAMsa kI AhUti de rahe. haiN| yaha zarIra, jisameM AtmA kA nivAsa hai, jisake sahayoga se devatva aura usase utkRSTa amara vibhUtipada mila sakatA hai, vivekahIna ho kara una durgandhiyoM ke Dhera kA cakkara lagA rahA hai, jinheM dekhakara bhI ghRNA hotI hai| saMskAroM ke jahA~ saMkIrtana hote haiM, pavitratA ke ghaNTe gUMjate haiM, dharma ke dasa vibhUti-caraNoM ko jahA~ hRdayaMgama kiyA jAtA hai, jahA~ ke loga Aja bhI sAttvikatA ke pakSa meM hai, muniyoM, maharSiyoM kA vaiyAvRttya jinheM prasanna karatA hai, vahA~ raurava naraka kA dRzya upasthita karanevAle bUcar3akhAne anna kI kamI ke nAma para, mudrAsphIti kI duhAI de kara aura jihvA kI khoTI mA~ga se lAcAra ho kara calAye jAyeM, vahA~ ke pApa ko gaMgA kI dhArA, akalaMka AcArya kA digvijaya aura muni-maharSiyoM kA dharma-pravacana kitanA prakSAlita kara sakatA hai? AtmajJAna kI mahimA __ "tAteM AtmajJAnazUnya AgamajJAna bhI kAryakArI naahiiN| yA prakAra samyagjJAna ke arthi jainazAstranikA abhyAsa karai hai, to bhI yAke samyagjJAna naahiiN|" --(mokSamArga prakAzaka, 7, pRSTha 349) ** 00 50 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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vaizAlI - rAmadhArI siMha 'dinakara' o bhArata kI bhUmi bandinI ! o jaMjIroM vAlI ! terI hI kyA kukSi phAr3akara janmI thI vaizAlI ? vaizAlI ! itihAsa - pRSTha para aMkana aMgAroM kA, vaizAlI ! atIta-gahara meM guMjana talavAroM kA, vaizAlI ! jana kA pratipAlaka, gaNa kA Adi vidhAtA ! jise DhU~r3hatA deza Aja usa prajAtantra kI mAtA / ruko, eka kSaNa pathika ! yahA~ miTTI ko zIza navAo, rAjasiddhiyoM kI samAdhi para phUla car3hAte jAo / / DUbA hai dinamAna isI khaMDahara meM DUbI rAkA, chipI huI hai yahIM kahIM dhUloM meM rAjapatAkA / DhU~r3ho use, jagAo unako jinakI dhvajA girI hai, jinake so jAne se sira para kAlI ghaTA ghirI hai / kaho, jagAtI hai unako bandinI ber3iyoMvAlI, nahIM uThe ve, to na basegI kisI taraha vaizAlI / / phira Ate jAgaraNa- gIta TakarA atIta-gahara se, uThatI hai AvAja eka vaizAlI ke kha~Dahara se / " karanA ho sAkAra svapna ko, to balidAna car3hAo, jyoti cAhate ho, to pahale apanI zikhA jalAo / jisa dina eka jvalanta puruSa tuma meM se bar3ha AyegA, eka-eka kaNa isa khaMDahara kA jIvita ho jAyegA kisI jAgaraNa kI pratyAzA meM hama par3e hue haiM, licchavI nahIM mare, jIvita mAnava hI mare hue haiM / / " prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000 --( sAbhAra uddhRta Homage to Vaisali, pR0 299) 00 51

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zrutajJAna aura aMga-vAGmaya -rAjakumAra jaina jaina-AmnAya meM mUlasaMgha kI paramparA ke anusAra jo zruta kA saMrakSaNa evaM vargIkaraNa huA hai tathA unameM se jo Aja milatA hai; isake bAre meM saMkSipta, kiMtu sapramANarIti se isa Alekha meM vivaraNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| paramparA ke pratibodha evaM upalabdha sAhitya ke prati uttaradAyitva kA saMketa karatA huA yaha Alekha avazya upayogI siddha hogaa| -sampAdaka vartamAna meM dhArmika graMthoM ke rUpa meM AcArazAstra ke rUpa meM, nItizAstra ke rUpa meM. gaNitazAstra, jyotiSagraMtha, AyurvedagraMtha, vyAkaraNagraMtha Adi ke rUpa meM tathA prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga aura caraNAnuyoga ke rUpa meM tathA ina cAroM anuyogoM ke antargata samAviSTa samasta graMthoM ke rUpa meM jo bhI vAGmaya yA sAhitya samupalabdha hai, vaha saba jainadharma ke aMtima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra kI dezanA (divyadhvani) se sambaddha hai| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI divyadhvani ko avadhAraNa karanevAle unake pradhAna gaNadhara gautama indrabhUti ne bhagavAna kI dezanA ko dhAraNakara, use dvAdazAMga aura caturdaza pUrva ke rUpa meM pratipAdita kiyA thaa| dvAdazAMgarUpa yaha sampUrNa vAGmaya 'dvAdazAMga zruta' kahalAtA hai aura usa dvAdazAMga zruta ke pAragAmI 'zrutakevalI' kahalAte haiN| jinazAsana meM jJAna ke dhArakoM meM do prakAra ke jJAnI mahattvapUrNa mAne jAte haiMprathama pratyakSajJAna ke dhAraka aura dvitIya parokSajJAna ke dhAraka / pratyakSajJAna ke dhArakoM meM kevalajJAnI' kA aura parokSajJAna ke dhArakoM meM 'zrutakevalI' kA pada mahattvapUrNa hotA hai| jainadarzana meM jJAna ke pA~ca bheda pratipAdita kiye gaye haiM--matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryaya jJAna aura kevalajJAna / ye pA~coM jJAna dvividha pramANa rUpa hote haiN| inameM matijJAna aura zrutajJAna parokSa-pramANa rUpa tathA avadhijJAna, mana:paryaya jJAna aura kevalajJAna pratyakSapramANa rUpa mAne gaye haiN| uparyukta pA~coM jJAnoM meM sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa kevalajJAna hai, jo mokSa kI pratipAdaka hai| tatpazcAt zrutajJAna ko mahattvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai| kevalajJAna ke dhAraka kevalI' yA kevalajJAnI' kahalAte haiN| ve samasta carAcara jagat ko pratyakSa dekhate aura jAnate haiN| ve tInoM lokoM meM sthita samasta padArthoM kI samasta paryAyoM --avasthAoM ke trikAlAbAdhita 00 52 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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avicchinna jJAtA aura draSTA hote haiM, ve trikAladarzI haiM aura isIliye ve 'Apta' saMjJA se sambodhita kiye jAte haiN| __ kevalajJAna ke pazcAt zrutajJAna kI mahattA pratipAdita kI gaI hai| zrutajJAna kI upalabdhi taba hotI hai, jaba vaha zrutajJAna bAhya padArthoM meM nahIM jAkara Atmastha hotA hai| zrutajJAna vastuta: AtmasvabhAva kI prApti ke lie mahattvapUrNa sAdhanA hotA hai| usa zrutajJAna ke mAdhyama se jo svayaM ko tapAtA hai, vaha kevalajJAna' prApta kara letA hai| ata: kevalajJAna vastuta: zrutajJAna kA phala hai, jo sarvapadArtha-viSayaka hotA hai| vastuta: kevalajJAna kI prApti meM jitanA mahattva zrutajJAna kA hai, utanA mahattva avadhijJAna aura mana:paryayajJAna kA nahIM hai| jo isaprakAra ke zrutajJAna ke dhAraka hote haiM, ve 'zrutakevalI' kahalAte haiM aura ve zrutakevalI samasta zruta ke dhAraka hone se zruta meM pratipAdita pratyeka viSaya ko spaSTata: jAnate haiN| zrutakevalI ke viSaya meM zrImat kundakundAcArya 'samayapAhuDa' meM likhate haiM--"jo jIva vastuta: zrutajJAna-bhAvazruta se usa anubhavagocara kevala eka zuddha AtmA kA anubhava karatA hai, usako loka ke prakAzaka RSigaNa 'zrutakevalI' kahate haiN|" puna: Age kI gAthA meM ve likhate haiM-"jo jIva sampUrNa zrutajJAna (dvAdazAMga rUpa dravyazruta) ko jAnatA hai, use jinendradeva 'zrutakevalI' kahate haiN| kyoMki sampUrNa zrutajJAna (dravya zrutajJAna ke AdhAra se utpanna bhAvazruta) AtmA hai, isIkAraNa usake dhAraNa kartA 'zrutakevalI' hote haiN|" _ 'pavayaNasAra' meM bhI zrImat kundakundAcArya ne uparyukta bhAva kA pratipAdana karate hue kahA hai-"jo jIva zruta (jJAna) se apanI AtmA ko jJAtA svabhAva se jAnatA hai, usako loka ke prakAzaka RSigaNa 'zrutakevalI' kahate haiN|" 'sarvArthasiddhi' meM zrI pUjyapAda svAmI ne zrutajJAna ke do bheda, aneka bheda tathA dvAdaza bheda batalAte huye use vaktA-vizeSakRta kahA hai| unake anusAra vaktA tIna prakAra ke haiMsarvajJa (tIrthaMkara yA sAmAnyakevalI), zrutakevalI aura aaraatiiy| inameM se paramaRSi sarvajJa utkRSTa aura acintya kevalajJAnarUpI vibhUti vizeSa se yukta haiN| isakAraNa unhoMne artharUpa Agama kA upadeza diyaa| ye sarvajJa pratyakSadarzI aura doSamukta haiM, isaliye pramANa hai| inake sAkSAt ziSya aura buddhi ke atizayarUpa Rddhi se yukta gaNadhara zrutakevaliyoM ne artharUpa Agama kA smaraNa kara 'aMga' aura 'pUrva' graMthoM kI racanA kii| sarvajJadeva kI pramANatA ke kAraNa ye bhI pramANa haiM tathA ArAtIya-AcAryoM ne kAladoSa se jinakI Ayu, mati aura bala ghaTa gayA hai, aise ziSyoM ke anugraha ke liye 'dazavaikAlika' Adi graMthoM kI racanA kii| vaha bhI sarvajJa dvArA hI kathita hai, ata: arthata: pramANa hai| jisaprakAra kSIrasAgara kA jala jaba ghaTa meM bhara liyA jAtA hai, to vaha bhI kSIrasAgara kA hI jala' kahalAtA hai, prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 00 53

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usIprakAra sarvajJa dvArA upadezita artharUpa Agama kA aMza hone se ArAtIyoM dvArA kathita yA racita graMtha bhI pramANa haiN|" vartamAna avasarpiNI kAla' meM bharatakSetra meM aMtima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra huye haiN| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke mokSa jAne ke pazcAt unake zAsana (jinazAsana) meM paramparita tIna anubaddha kevalI aura pA~ca zrutakevalI huye haiM, jinameM prathama tIna gaNadhara gautama svAmI, sudharma svAmI aura jambUsvAmI the tathA aMtima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu the| una taka aMgazruta apane mUlarUpa meM aayaa| vartamAna meM jo bhI zruta yA Agama upalabdha hai, vaha aMtima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu dvArA hI bhaNita hai| vastuta: bhagavAn jinendradeva jo jAnate haiM, vaha ananta hotA hai, ve jo kucha kahate haiM; vaha usakA anantavAM bhAga (jinavANI) hotA hai| isake pazcAt jo gaNadhara use grahaNa karate haiM, vaha usakA bhI anantavAM bhAga hotA hai| isaprakAra una kevaliyoM taka vaha aMga zruta apane mUlarUpa meM aayaa| usake bAda buddhibala aura dhAraNA zakti ke uttarottara kSINa hote jAne se tathA bahuAyAmI usa jJAna ko pustaka (graMthAkAra) rUpa meM kiye jAne kI paramparA nahIM hone se vaha jJAna zanaiH zanaiH kramaza: kSINa hotA calA gyaa| isaprakAra eka ora jahA~ aMgazruta kA abhAva hotA jA rahA thA, vahA~ dUsarI ora zruta paramparA ko avicchinna banAye rakhane ke liye satata prayatna bhI hote rhe| zAstroM meM zruta ke do bheda batalAye gaye haiM- eka 'aMgazruta' jise 'aMgapraviSTa' bhI kahate haiM aura dUsarA 'anaMgazruta' jise 'anaMgapraviSTa' yA 'aMgabAhya' bhI kahate haiN| 'jayadhavalA' meM zrutajJAna ke bheda prabhedoM kA vistArapUrvaka sAMgopAMga vivecana karate hue batalAyA gayA hai| "jJAna ke pA~ca arthAdhikAra haiM--matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna aura kevljnyaan| zrutajJAna ke do adhikAra haiM--anaMgapraviSTa aura aMgapraviSTa / isameM aMgapraviSTa vaha hai, jo tInoM kAla ke samasta dravyoM evaM paryAyoM ko aMgati arthAt prApta hotA hai yA vyApta karatA hai athavA samasta zruta ke eka-eka AcArAdi rUpa avayava 'aMga' kahalAte haiN| isaprakAra AcArAdi dvAdazavidha jJAna 'aMgapraviSTa' kahalAtA hai| 'rAjavArtika' (1/20/12-13) ke anusAra bhI "aacaaraadi-dvaadshvidhmNgprvissttmityucyte|" gaNadharadeva ke ziSya-praziSyoM aura alpAyu-buddhi-balavAle manuSyoM ke anugrahArtha uparyukta aMgoM ke AdhAra para saMkSeparUpa meM racita laghukAya-graMtha 'aMgabAhya' ke antargata Ate haiN| aMgabAhya yA anaMgazruta ke caturdaza bheda haiN| yathA--sAmAyika, caturviMzatistava, vandanA, pratikramaNa, vainayika, kRtikarma, dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana, kalpa vyavahAra, kalapyAkalpya, mahAkalpya, puNDarIka, mahApuNDarIka aura nissiddhikaa| sarvArthasiddhi' meM inameM se kevala 'uttarAdhyayana' aura 'dazavaikAlika' kA hI ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura zeSa kA samAveza Adi zabda ke antargata kara liyA gyaa| ___ 'dhavalA' TIkA ke AdhAra se jJAta hotA hai ki inakI racanA bhI gaNadharoM ne kI thI. 0054 prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000

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aura aMgazruta ke astitva kAla meM ye vidyamAna the| kintu kAla ke prabhAva se jisaprakAra aMgazruta ko dhAraNa karanevAle zramaNoM kI dhI-dhRti-smRti aura dhAraNa karane kI zakti kramaza: kSINa hotI jAne se aMgazruta kA abhAva ho gayA; usIprakAra aMgabAhya (anaMgazruta) ko dhAraNa karanevAle muniyoM - zramaNoM kA kramaza: abhAva ho jAne se aMgabAhya zruta se saMbaMdhita graMthoM kA bhI abhAva hotA gyaa| isakA duSpariNAma yaha huA ki ekaprakAra se hama mUlazruta se hI sarvathA vaMcita ho gye| ___ 'jayadhavalA' meM pratipAdita vivaraNa ke anusAra aMgapraviSTa zruta ke bAraha arthAdhikAra haiN| yathA--AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga, vyAkhyAprajJapti, jJAtRdharmakathA, upAsakAdhyayana, anta:kdazAMga, anuttaraupapAdika-dazAMga, prazna-vyAkaraNAMga, vipAkasUtra aura dRssttivaadaaNg|' 'sarvArthasiddhi' meM bhI aMgapraviSTa zrutajJAna ke uparyukta bAraha bheda pratipAdita kiye gaye haiN| __inameM bArahavAM jo 'dRSTivAdAMga' hai, usake pA~ca bheda batalAye gaye haiM--parikarma, sUtra, prathamAnuyoga, pUrvagata aura cuulikaa| 'parikarma' meM pA~ca arthAdhikAra haiM--candraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti, jambUdIpa-prajJapti, dvIpasAgara-prajJapti aura vyaakhyaa-prjnypti| sUtraza: se aThAsI arthAdhikAra haiM, parantu una arthAdhikAroM kA nAmollekha yA varNana upalabdha nahIM hone se tadviSayaka jAnakArI nahIM hai| vartamAna meM unake viSaya meM koI upadeza bhI nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| 'prathamAnuyoga' meM caubIsa arthAdhikAra haiM, kyoMki caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke purANoM meM sabhI purANoM kA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| cUlikA' meM pA~ca arthAdhikAra hai--jalagatA, sthalagatA, mAyAgatA, rUpagatA aura aakaashgtaa| 'pUrvagata' ke caudaha adhikAra haiMutpAdapUrva, agrAyaNIpUrva, vIryAnupravAdapUrva, astinastipravAdapUrva, jJAnapravAdapUrva, satyapravAdapUrva, AtmapravAdapUrva, karmapravAdapUrva, pratyAkhyAnapravAdapUrva, vidyAnupravAdapUrva, kalyANapravAdapUrva, prANAvAyapravAdapUrva, kriyAvizAlapUrva aura lokbindusaarpuurv|' inameM 'utpAdapUrva' ke dasa, 'agrAyaNIpUrva ke caudaha, vIryAnupravAdapUrva' ke ATha, 'astinAstivAdapUrva' ke aTThAraha, 'jJAnapravAdapUrva' ke bAraha, 'satyapravAdapUrva' ke bAraha, 'AtmapravAdapUrva' ke solaha, 'karmapravAdapUrva' ke bIsa, 'pratyAkhyAnapravAdapUrva' ke tIsa, vidyAnupravAdapUrva' ke pandraha, 'kalyANa pravAdapUrva' ke dasa, 'prANAvAyapravAdapUrva' ke dasa, kriyAvizAlapUrva' ke dasa aura lokabindusAra pravAdapUrva' ke dasa arthAdhikAra haiM, jinakA nAma 'prAbhRta' yA 'pAhuDa' hai| una 'prAbhRta' saMjJA vAle adhikAroM meM se pratyeka arthAdhikAra ke caubIsa anuyogadvAra haiN| isakA vivaraNa 'jayadhavalA' meM milatA hai| uparyukta vivaraNa meM dvAdazAMga zruta kI vivakSA kI gaI hai| isa vivakSA ke antargata dvAdazAMga zruta ke bheda-prabhedoM ko dekhane se zruta kI vizAlatA kA AbhAsa sahaja hI ho jAtA hai| kAlaprabhAvavaza, paristhitivaza athavA kinhIM anya kAraNoM se Aja hama mUla aMgazruta se vaMcita haiN| yadyapi yaha kahanA ucita nahIM hai ki uttarakAla meM dvAdazAMga zruta prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 00 55

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kA dhAraNakartA evaM pravaktA koI thA hI nahIM, kyoMki aMtima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu se paramparita Agama (jJAna) ko samakAlIna aura uttarakAlIna AcAryoM ne grahaNa kara use kAlAntara meM lipibaddha kiyaa| yadyapi zrutakevalI bhadrabAha ke kAla meM hI jaina-paramparA do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita ho gaI thii| pahalI paramparA vaha thI, jo tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unake pUrvavartI tIrthaMkaroM dvArA Acarita evaM pratipAdita AcAra ko binA kisI saMzodhana evaM zithilatA ke grAhya kara usI kA anusaraNa karatI, rahI use 'digambara-paramparA' yA 'mUlasaMgha' ke nAma se jAnA jAtA rhaa| dvitIya vaha paramparA vikasita huI, jisane paristhitivaza mUla AcAra meM yathAvazyaka saMzodhana kara usameM navIna vyavasthAoM kA samAveza kiyaa| yaha paramparA 'zvetAmbara paramparA' ke nAma se khyApita huii| pariNAmasvarUpa mUla 'aMgazruta' aura 'anaMgazruta' ko lipibaddha karane aura usakA saMrakSaNa karane meM vyavadhAna upasthita huaa| ___ tathApita kAlAntara meM katipaya aise AcArya hue, jinhoMne aMgazruta ke Azraya se zruta kI rakSA karane kA prayatna kiyaa| usI prayatna kA supariNAma hai ki 'chakkhaMDAgama' aura 'kasAyapAhuDa' jaise graMthoM kI racanA huI aura Aja ve hamAre samakSa vidyamAna haiN| AcArya kundakunda jaise prakhara tattvavettA aura manISI lagabhaga usI samaya ke digambara jainAcArya haiM; jinhoMne 'samayapAhuDa' sahita caurAsIpAhuDa kI racanA kii| unheM aMtima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu se paramparita Agama kA jJAna thA, jisakA AbhAsa samayapAhuDa kI nimna gAthA se milatA hai- 'vocchAmi samayapAhuDamiNamo sudakevalI-bhaNidaM / ' isaprakAra ArAtIya AcAryoM dvArA mUlazruta (Agama) ke anurUpa prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga aura caraNAnuyoga para AdhArita aise aneka graMthoM kI racanA kI gaI, jo hameM jainadharma kI gaharAiyoM meM le jAkara usake gUr3ha tattvoM evaM rahasyoM kA jJAna karAkara mokSa kA mArga prazasta karate haiN| yadyapi zrutajJAna ke AdhAra para racita graMthoM kI saMkhyA pracura evaM vizAla hai, tathApi dvAdazAMga zruta kI apekSA vaha atyalpa aura nagaNya hai| saMkSepa meM yadi zrutAdhArita graMthoM kA AMkalana kiyA jAya, to vikrama kI prathama pUrva vikrama kI prathama zatAbdI meM racita graMthoM ko isa zreNI meM parigaNita kiyA jA sakatA hai| isameM sarvaprathama AcArya puSpadanta evaM bhUtabali dvArA racita 'chakkhaMDAgama' aura inake hI samakAlIna AcArya guNadhara dvArA racita 'kasAyapAhuDa' ko parigaNita kiyA jA sakatA hai| ___ inake kucha kAla bAda hI AcArya yativRSabhakRta 'kaSAyaprAbhRta-cUrNi' kI racanA huii| vikramapUrva prathama zatAbdI ke hI udbhaT manISI zrI kundakundAcArya dvArA racita samayapAhuDa, pavayaNasAra, paMcatthikAyasaMgaho evaM aSTapAhuDa Adi graMtha milate haiN| inake samakAlIna hI AcArya vaTTakera hue jinhoMne 'mUlAcAra' (AcArAMga) nAmaka graMtha kI racanA kara paramparita Agama jJAna kI rakSA kii| AcArya zivArya dvArA racita 'mUlArAdhanA' nAmaka graMtha 00 56 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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bhI isI paramparA kI eka mahattvapUrNa kar3I hai| isI krama meM zrI gaddhapicchAcArya umAsvAmI dvArA racita 'tattvArthasUtra' nAmaka graMtha laghukAya hote huye bhI itanA mahattvapUrNa hai ki aneka jJAna-pipAsu mumukSu zrAvaka satata isakA svAdhyAya aura adhyayana karate haiN| __ ye kucha aise mahattvapUrNa graMtha haiM, jo mUlAgama (zruta) kA AdhAra lie hue haiN| ata: unake aMza yA aMga ke rUpa meM svIkArya haiN| inake pazcAdvartI aneka AcAryoM, vidvAnoM ne vibhinna AdhyAtmika evaM laukika viSayoM para AdhArita aneka vizAlakAya graMthoM kI racanA kI hai, jo jinavANI ke rUpa meM hamAre liye zirodhArya haiN| isaprakAra anatisaMkSepa-vistareNa jinAgama ke viSaya meM prastuta vivakSA hai| saMdarbhagraMtha sUcI 1. 'matizrutAvadhimana:paryayakevalAni jnyaanm|' - (tattvArthasUtra) 'Adye parokSam', 'pratyakSamanyat' / - (tattvArthasUtra) 2. jo hi sudeNAhigacchadi appANamiNaM tu kevalaM suddhaM / taM sudakevalimisiNo bhaNaMti logppdiivyraa|| - (samayapAhuDa, 9) 3. jo sudaNANaM savvaM jANadi sudakevaliM tamAhu jinnaa|| . sudaNANamAda savvaM jahmA sudakevalI tmhaa| - (samayapAhuDa, 10) 4. jo hi sudeNa vijANadi appANaM jANagaM shaavenn| .. taM sudakevalimisiNo bhaNaMti logppdiivyraa|| -(pravacanasAra, jJAnAdhikAra, 33) 5. kiM kRto'yaM vizeSa:? vaktRvizeSakRta: / trayo vaktAra: sarvajJastIrthaMkara itaro vA zrutakevalI ArAtIyazceti / tatra sarvajJena paramarSiNA paramAcintyakevalajJAnavibhUtivizeSaNa arthata: Agama uddissttH| tattvapratyakSadarzitvAt prakSINadoSatvAcca praamaannym| tasya sAkSAcchiSyairbuddhyatizayarddhiyuktairgaNadharaiH zrutakevalibhiranusmRtagraMtharacanamaMgapUrvalakSaNaM tatprAmANyam; tatprAmANyAt / ArAtIyaiH punarAcAryaiH kAladoSAtsaMkSiptAyurmatibalaziSyAnugrahArthaM dshvaikaalikaadyupnibddhm| tatpramANamarthatastadevedamiti kSINArNavajala ghaTagRhItamiva / -(sarvArthasiddhi, prathamo'dhyAya, 211) 6. taM jahA NANassa paMca atthAhiyArA--maiNANaM sudaNANaM ohiNANaM maNapajjavaNANaM kevalaNANaM cedi| sudaNANe duve atthAhiyArA aNaMgapaviTThamaMgapaviTuM cedi| aNaMgapaviTThassa coddassa atthAhiyArA-sAmAiyaM, caUvIsattho, vedaNA, paDikkamaNaM, veNaiyaM, kidiyammaM, dasaveyAliyA, uttarajjhayaNaM kappavavahAro, kappAkappiyaM, puNDarIgaM mahApuNDarIgaM, NisIhiyaM cedi| -(jayadhavalA sahita kasAyapAhuDa', bhAga 1, gAthA 2/213) 7. jayadhavalA sahita kasAyapAhuDa', bhAga 1, gAthA 1/113 / / 8. vahI, gAthA 1/1151 9. vahI, gAthA 1/1161 ** prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000 10 57

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AcArya vidyAnanda jI kI sAmAjika cetanA __-DaoN0 (zrImatI) mAyA jaina bhAratIya saMskRti adhyAtma-pradhAna saMskRti hai| isa saMskRti meM sAdhanA, tapazcaryA Adi ke bala para jahA~ AtmakalyANa kI bAta kahI gaI, vahIM dUsarI aura bhaTake hue samAja ko eka aisI dRSTi pradAna kI gaI, jo samagra jIvana kA svaccha darpaNa hai| jaina santoM kI cintanazIla abhivyakti evaM sAdhanA ne satyam, zivam aura sundaram kI virAT abhivyakti pradAna kii| isa pRthvI para digambara veSadhArI AcArya evaM muni aneka huye haiM, ho rahe haiM aura hote rheNge| ye sabhI calate-phirate tIrtha haiM, jinake dvArA jainadharma ko akSuNNa banAyA gayA aura samAja ke lie inhIM ne AtmakalyANa aura lokakalyANa kI bhAvanA pradAna kI hai| inake janajAgaraNa kI vicAradhArA ne dhArmika, sAMskRtika aura pAraMparika dhAraNAoM kI jaTilatA ko haTAkara atyaMta sarala sahaja aura saumya bnaayaa| jaina santoM ne jIvana aura jagat --donoM ke viSaya meM paryApta prakAza ddaalaa| unakI vicAradhArA ne sampUrNa samAja ko tyAga kI udAra bhAvanA dI aura ahiMsAmaya jIvana jIne kI kalA bhI btlaaii| aise jaina saMskRti ke aneka daidIpyamAna sUrya hue haiM, unameM AcArya vidyAnanda apane cintana se rASTra ko vizvabandhutva kI bhAvanA pradAna kara rahe haiN| AcArya vidyAnanda jI kA virAT vyaktitva:- jisa saMta ne svAtantryapUrva bhArata kI sthiti ko dekhA aura DaoN0 rAjendra prasAda, DaoN0 rAdhAkRSNana, DaoN0 jAkira husaina, vI0vI0 giri, jJAnI jailasiMha, zaMkara dayAla zarmA, ke0Ara0 nArAyaNana Adi rASTrapati tathA paMDita neharU, zAstrI jI, iMdirA gAMdhI, murAra jI desAI, candrazekhara, vI0pI0 siMha, rAjIva gAMdhI, aTala bihArI vAjapeI, indra kumAra gujarAla, narasiMha rAva Adi rASTra ke pradhAnamaMtrI bhI jinake vyaktitva se prabhAvita the| jinakI vicAradhArA ne rASTra ke hita ke lie bahuta kucha kahA, bahuta kucha samajhAyA tathA jinhoMne samaya kI zilA para samAja kI tasvIra tarAzane kA zramasAdhya kArya kiyaa| unake AkAra-prakAra Adi kA chAyAMkana karanA kaThina hai| jinakI vicAradhArA meM anubhavoM kA khajAnA hai, anuzAsana kI kramabaddhatA hai| ahiMsA kA sarvotkRSTa ziSTAcAra hai| jinakI gUMja meM dayA, kSamA, sahiSNutA, pavitratA, mRdutA, namratA Adi to vyApta haiM hI, sAtha hI unake jIvana kA 00 58 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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ekamAtra lakSya vidyA kI upAsanA hai| unhoMne vedoM kI gaharAI ko, IsA kI anubhUtiyoM ko samajhA, kurAna-zarIpha kI ibAdatoM ko par3hA, nAnaka kI gaharAI ko pahicAnA, pAzcAtya vicArakoM ke cintana ko samajhA; taba jAkara unhoMne kahA ki "samAja sadguNoM kA samUha hai|" ziSTAcAra kA jahA~ sammAna hai, vahA~ Atmazuddhi hai, ucca-Adarza hai| bhAratIya ziSTAcAra meM ucca-Adarza aura ucca-kriyAyeM haiN| cAhe rAstA calate hoM, yA anya kahIM bhI hoN| zAlInatA unake sAtha rahatI hai| ___ AcArya vidyAnanda jI ke samAja meM AcAra-vicAra aura guNoM kI jahA~ pradhAnatA hai, vahIM bahumukhI yogyatAoM kA mUlyAMkana hai| ve varga bheda se pare aise samAja kI kalpanA karate haiM jisameM cahumukhI pratibhA ho, samAja-saMracanA ke lie jJAnaguNa para AdhArita kriyA ho| ve zrama aura guNa --donoM kI buniyAda ko lekara saMtoSa, samatva, maitrI aura sahayoga para bala denA cAhate haiN| unake lambe jIvana kI yAtrA kA mUlamaMtra AtmAnuzAsana hai| bahujana- hitAya, bahujana-sukhAya kA rAjamArga hai| AcArya vidyAnanda zuddha manISA aura nirmala AcAra ko mahattva de rahe haiN| ve kahate haiM "AryoM ke zarIra meM dUdha nahIM bharA hai, aura mlecchoM ke zarIra meM koI kIca nahIM hai| sabake rudhira kA raMga lAla hai| jo itanI svacchatA se socatA hai, vaha dhArmika hai; aura jo bhedabhAva kI saMkIrNatA meM lipta hai, vaha sAmpradAyika hai|" AvazyakatAoM ke sAtha samunnata mArga:- AcArya vidyAnanda ne lokajIvana ko smjhaa| unhoMne antara aura bAhya donoM hI rUpoM kI pavitratA ko parakhA aura donoM ko hI U~cAI para jAkara apanI vimala vANI se janajIvana meM eka krAnti upasthita kii| unhoMne dharmAMdhatA, aMdhAnukaraNa Adi se dUra hokara jo kucha bhI kArya kiyA, vaha atyaMta hI udAra evaM smaraNIya bnaa| unhoMne bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2500veM nirvANa-mahotsava ko manAne ke lie jo zaMkhanAda kiyA, usase sampUrNa vizva meM mahAvIra ke siddhAntoM kI dRSTi phailii| unakA yaha eka aisA prayAsa bhI thA jo ekatA ke sUtra meM bA~dhane ke lie sarvopari mAnA gayA, vaha thA vizvadharma ke samasta dhArmika netAoM ko eka maMca para laanaa| aura bhI uttama prayAsa huA 'samaNasutta' nAmaka grantha praNayana kA, jisameM AcArya vinobA bhAve jaise Adarza sarvodayI netA kI sahabhAgitA prApta huii| ___AcArya vidyAnanda ne mahAmastakAbhiSeka kI kriyAnviti kI arthAt dakSiNa ke zravaNabelgola- sthita gommaTeza bAhubalI kI 58 phuTa kI pratimA ke abhiSeka kA maMgalamaya kArya huaa| madhyapradeza ke bar3avAnI bAvanagajA evaM anya sthAnoM para apanI sAMskRtika cetanA se samAja ko mUrtikalA, sthApatyakalA, vAstukalA Adi ko surakSita karane kA nirdeza diyaa| unhoMne indaura ke pAsa eka pahAr3I para gommaTagiri jaise sArvabhaumika, prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 4059

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sAttvika evaM naitika guNoM ko bala dene vAle sthAna ko vikasita krvaayaa| dakSiNa ke bhAga meM jainavidyA ko gA~va-gA~va taka phailAne kA prayAsa kiyaa| jahA~ rAtri pAThazAlAyeM kholI gaIM, vahIM dUsarI ora jIvanarakSaka meDikala kaoNleja, vijJAna-saMvardhaka iMjIniyariMga kaoNleja tathA prAkRtabhASA evaM sAhitya ke saMrakSaNa ke lie vizvavidyAlayoM meM pAThyakrama cAlU karavAye gye| aura unhoMne samrAT khAravela ke utkIrNa zilAlekha kA avalokana jo jaina-saMskRti kI gauravamayI bhASA zaurasenI kA pratinidhitva karatI haiN| ___ AcArya vidyAnanda kA vidyAnurAga:- sAdhanA hI jinakA jIvana hai, ve jIvanadarzana, sAhityadarzana, karmadarzana, sevAdarzana aura Atmadarzana Adi kI vizAla nidhiyoM se yukta hote haiN| para ve hI AcArya yA muni prAcInatama bhASA aura saMskRti donoM kI hI prayogazAlA meM baiThakara jaba AdhyAtmika rasAsvAdana karate haiM, taba unake vyaktitva ke vividha pahalU aisA kArya bhI karate haiM; jo samAja, deza aura vizva ke lie uttama sIkha bana jAtI hai| AcArya vidyAnanda ke bahaAyAmI vyaktitva ne 'zaurasenI prAkRta' ke rahasya ko samajhA aura usakI gaharAI meM praveza karane ke lie bhAratIya sAhitya ke prAcInatama grantha Rgveda, yajurveda, atharvaveda aura sAmaveda, bharatamuni ke nATyazAstra, kavi harSa, kavi kAlidAsa, mAgha, zUdraka Adi kI prAkRta-racanAoM ke atirikta samagra prAkRta jaina-sAhitya ke bhASA-prAMgaNa ko nApa ddaalaa| unake varNa-vinoda meM artha kI gaharAI ko khojane kA kArya kiyaa| jisake pariNAmasvarUpa zaurasenI prAkRta kI prAcInatA mAnya huii| usake avagAha se jahA~ svayaM ne isako gati pradAna kI, vahIM AdhyAtmika kSetra meM pAThakoM ko bAdhya kiyA ki zaurasenI na kevala sAhitya kI dRSTi se prAcIna hai; apitu abhilekhI dRSTi se bhI vaha prAcIna hai| aura tIrthaMkara nemikumAra se pracalita sUrasena arthAt mathurA ke AsapAsa kI bhASA zaurasenI hai| yaha pramANita bhI hai aura satya bhI hai| vidvAnoM ke lekhoM evaM vicAroM se bhI yaha puSTa hai| AcAryazrI ke isI kendrabindu ko dhyAna meM rakhakara prAkRta bhavana, prAkRtavidyA patrikA, kundakunda bhAratI saMsthAna evaM prAkRta ke manISI vidvAnoM ke kArya kI prazaMsA hetu puraskAra Adi sarAhanIya kArya pravartita hue haiN| AcArya kA yahI prayatna nahIM hai, apitu AcaraNAtmaka naitika mUlyoM kI sthApanA ke lie dillI meM prAkRta ke vividha pAThyakrama bhI calAne ke lie samAja ko Age kiyA aura unhIM ke prayatnoM se lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, (mAnita vizvavidyAlaya) meM 'zAstrI' aura 'AcArya' arthAt bI0e0, ema0e0 tathA vidyAvAridhi' (pIeca0DI0) kI upAdhi taka ke prayAsa hamArI prAcIna prAkRtavidyA ko gatimAna banAne meM sahAyaka haiM aura Age bhI rheNge| ___ saca pUchA jAye to AcArya vidyAnanda kI lagabhaga 75 varSa kI yAtrA samakAlIna samAja ko jo avadAna pradAna karatI rahI hai yA kara rahI hai; vaha hRdaya kI saccI aura nizcala bhAvanA se samAdaraNIya hai| 0060 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda vandanASTaka -vidyAvAridhi DaoN0 mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA dhanya dhanya prajJApuruSa, jiye pacahattara varSa / tumheM dekhakara ho rahA, bhItara-bAhara harSa / / 1 / / apanAyA tumane sahaja, jaga-jIvana kA saar| tyAga diyA pala meM sabhI, deh-bhog-sNsaar|| 2 / / vrata kA amRta pAnakara, pAlA sNym-ruup| dvAdaza tapa ke teja se, nikharA rUpa-anUpa / / 3 / / jJAna aura zraddhAna se, jagA viveka vizeSa / lakhA Apane Apako, jAgA antardeza / / 4 / / 'anekAnta' lekara kiyA, 'syAdvAda'-saMlApa / zAnta huye pala meM sabhI, vaicArika sNtaap||5|| satya-ahiMsA ke diye, jIvanabhara upadeza / samatA au' samyaktva kA, diyA vishv-sNdesh|| 6 / / zauraseni bhASA huI, prAkRta kI shirmaur| Agama kI bhASA banI, huI khyAti cahu~ or|| 7 / / apanAkara sallekhanA, kiyA anUThA kAma / cale mAMgalika mArga para, kSaya karane karma tamAma / / 8 / / ** jainoM kI bAibila 'dravyasaMgraha' aura 'tattvArthasUtra' ko ve (bra0 zItala prasAda jI) 'jainoM kI bAibila' samajhate the| jahA~ jAte, yogya chAtroM ko pddh'aate| ina graMthoM kA adhika-se-adhika pracAra krte| -(sAbhAra uddhRta, jaina jAgaraNa ke agradUta', pRSTha 83) ** prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 0061

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Nakravatta-vaNNaNaM jainasaMgha meM aneka viSayoM ke vizeSajJa zramaNa huA karate the| mUla saMghapati AcArya ke atirikta ye sabhI niryApakAcArya, pravartakAcArya Adi 'AcAryAnta' padavIdhArI zramaNa vastuta: upAdhyAya parameSThI' ke antargata parigaNita hote the| aise hI eka pramukha zramaNa ko sAMvatsarika kSapaNaka' kahA jAtA thaa| ye jainavidhi se jyotiSazAstra ke pAraMgata hote the| inase parAmarza karake hI saMghapati saMgha ke vihAra, cAturmAsa-sthApanA Adi ke nirNaya liyA karate the; tAki saMgha durbhikSa, arAjakatA, mahAmArI Adi anekavidha vipadAoM se surakSita rahakara nirvighnarUpa se dharmasAdhanA kara ske| saMbhavata: isIkAraNa se zramaNamuniyoM ke vicaraNa ko subhikSasUcaka evaM maMgala mAnA jAtA rahA hai| ___ yahA~ para 'sAMvatsarika-kSapaNaka' ke matAnusAra kisa nakSatra meM sallekhanA lene para muni kisa nakSatra meM kisa samaya para dehatyAga karate haiM' - isakA mahattvapUrNa dizAnirdeza kiyA gayA hai| isakI vizada jAnakArI Aja ke zramaNoM ko bhI anivAryata: apekSita hai| AzA hai yaha mUlAnugAmI vivaraNa mAgadarzaka siddha hogaa| -sampAdaka taM jdhaa| assiNI-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to sAdi-Nakkhatte ratte kAlaM / / 1 / / bharaNi-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to revadi-Nakkhatte paccUse mrdi|| 2 / / kittiga-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, uttaraphAguNi-Nakkhatte majjhaNhe mrdi|| 3 / / rohiNI-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to savaNa-Nakkhatte addharate mrdi|| 4 / / miyasira-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to puvvaphagguNa-Nakkhatte mrdi|| 5 / / addA-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to uttaradivase mrdi| jadi Na maradi tadA tahmi purogade Nakkhatte mrissdi|| 6 / / puNavasa-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, tadA assaNi-Nakkhatte avaraNhe mrdi||7|| pussa-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to miyasira-Nakkhatte mrdi||8|| asalisa-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to citta-Nakkhatte mrdi|| 1 / / magha-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to taddivase maradi; jadi Na maradi tadA tahmi purogade Nakkhatte mrdi|| 10 / / puvvaphaguNi-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNNadi, to ghaNiTThA-Nakkhatte divase maradi / / 11 / / uttaraphagguNi-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNNadi, to mUla-Nakkhatte payose mrdi|| 12 / / 4062 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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hattha-Nakkha te jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to bharaNi-Nakkhatte divase mrdi|| 13 / / cittA-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to miyasira-Nakkhatte addharatte mrdi|| 14 / / sAdi-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to revadi-Nakkhatte pa bhAde mrdi|| 15 / / visAha-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to asilesA-Nakkhatte mrdi|| 16 / / asilesA-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to puvvabhadda-Nakkhatte divase mrdi|| 17 / / mUla-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to jeMTTa-Nakkhatte pamAdavelAe mrdi|| 18 / / puvvAsADha-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to miyasira-Nakkhatte padosavelAe mrdi|| 19 / / uttarAsADha-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to taddivase ceva; ahavA bhaddapadaNakkhatte avaraNhe mrdi|| 2011 savaNa-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to uttarabhadda-Nakkhatte taddivase kAlaM kredi|| 21 / / dhaNiTThA-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to taddivase kAlaM karedi; jadi taddivase kAlaM Na karedi, to paNa taddivase ceva Agade mrdi|| 22 / / sadabhisa-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, jeTThA-Nakkhate atthavaNavelAe mrdi|| 23 / / puvvabhaddapada-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to puNNavasu-Nakkhatte rattiM mrdi|| 24 / / uttarabhaddapade Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to divase vahamANe vA puNarAdi vA mrdi|| 25 / / revati-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to magha-Nakkhatte mrdi|| 26 / / mUla-Nakkhatte jadi saMthAraM giNhadi, to jeTTa-Nakkhatte mrdi|| 27 / / __ nakSatra-phaloM kA varNana 'azvinI-nakSatra' ke samaya kSapaka ne saMstara grahaNa kiyA, to 'svAti-nakSatra' ke samaya rAta meM usako samAdhimaraNa prApta hogaa|| 1 / / ____ 'bharaNi-nakSatra' ke samaya kSapaka ne samAdhimaraNa ke liye saMstara kA Azraya kiyA, to revatI-nakSatra' ke samaya dina ke prArambha meM usako samAdhimaraNa prApta hogaa|| 2 / / __ 'kRtikA nakSatra' ke samaya yadi muni bichaune para zayana kareMge, to uttaraphAlgunI-nakSatra' para madhyAhna kAla meM usakA maraNa hogaa|| 3 / / rohiNI-nakSatra' para saMstara grahaNa karanevAle muniyoM kA 'zravaNa-nakSatra' meM AdhI rAta ke samaya maraNa hogaa|| 4 / / 'mRgasira-nakSatra' para sallekhanA kA Azraya lene se pUrvaphAlgunI-nakSatra' para muni kA dehAnta hogaa|| 5 / / 'ArdrA-nakSatra' meM yadi saMstara kiyA, to dUsare dina maraNa hogaa| yadi na huA, to Age ke nakSatra meM usakI mRtyu hogii| athavA punaH vahI 'ArdrA-nakSatra' Ane para mRtyu hogii|| 6 / / 'punarvasu-nakSatra' para bichaunA grahaNa kiyA, to 'azvinI-nakSatra' para aparAhnakAla prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000 00 63

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meM maraNa hogaa|| 7 / / 'puSya nakSatra' para zayyA-grahaNa karane se 'mRgasira-nakSatra' para maraNa hogaa|| 8 / / 'AzleSA nakSatra' ke samaya zayyA svakAra karane se citrA nakSatra' para maraNa hogaa||9|| 'maghA-nakSatra' ke samaya zayyA svIkAra karane se usI dina maraNa hogA athavA Age usI nakSatra ke Ane para maraNa hogaa|| 10 / / ___'pUrvAphAlgunI-nakSatra' meM yadi sanyAsa grahaNa ke liye zayyA kA Azraya kare, to ghaniSThA-nakSatra ke samaya dina meM maraNa hogaa|| 11 / / __ 'uttarAphAlgunI-nakSatra' meM zayyA-grahaNa kI to 'mUla-nakSatra' para sAyaMkAla meM maraNa hogaa|| 12 / / hasta-nakSatra' para yadi sanyAsa liyA, to 'bharaNI-nakSatra' para dina meM maraNa hogaa|| 13 / / 'citrA-nakSatra' meM sanyAsa-grahaNa karane para mRgasira-nakSatra' para AdhI rAta meM maraNa hogaa|| 14 / / 'svAti-nakSatra' para zayyA grahaNa kare, to revatI-nakSatra' ke samaya prabhAtakAla meM maraNa hogaa|| 15 / / vizAkhA-nakSatra' para zayyA-grahaNa karane se 'AzleSA-nakSatra' para maraNa hotA hai|| 16 / / 'anurAdhA-nakSatra' para zayyA-dhAraNa karane se 'pUrvAbhAdrapada-nakSatra' meM dina meM maraNa hogaa|| 17 / / 'mUla-nakSatra' para zayyA-grahaNa karane se jyeSThA-nakSatra' para prabhAtakAla meM maraNa hogaa|| 18 / / ___ 'pUrvASAr3hA-nakSatra' meM zayyA kA Azraya karane se 'mRgasira-nakSatra' para rAta ke prArambha ke samaya meM maraNa hogaa|| 19 / / _ 'uttarASAr3hA-nakSatra' para sanyAsa-dhAraNa karane se usI dina yA 'bhAdrapada-nakSatra' meM aparAhnakAla meM maraNa hogaa|| 20 / / 'zravaNa-nakSatra' meM zayyA-grahaNa kI jAya, to uttarAbhAdrapada-nakSatra' meM dina meM maraNa hogaa|| 21 / / 'dhaniSThA-nakSatra' para zayyA grahaNa kareM, to usI dina yA Age usI nakSatra ke Ane para maraNa hogaa|| 22 / / 'zatabhiS-nakSatra' para sanyAsa-dhAraNa kare, to jyeSThA-nakSatra' para sUryAsta ke samaya maraNa hogaa|| 23 / / 'pUrvAbhAdrapada-nakSatra' meM yadi sanyAsa-grahaNa karegA, to 'punarvasu-nakSatra' para rAta meM maraNa kregaa|| 24 / / 'uttarAbhAdrapada-nakSatra' meM zayyA grahaNa karegA, to usI dina meM yA rAtri meM maraNa kregaa|| 25 / / 0064 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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ravatI-nakSatra' para saMstara-dhAraka kSapaka kA 'maghA-nakSatra' para maraNa hogaa|| 26 / / 'mUla-nakSatra' meM saMstara leveM, to jyeSThA-nakSatra' meM prAta: maraNa hogaa|| 27 / / inakA vicAra karake zramaNa zAMtabhAva se ucita nakSatra, kAla, belA Adi kA nirNaya, zarIra kI sthiti Adi kA nirNaya karake anAkulabhAva se mRtyu-mahotsava ko saphala banA sakate haiN| subhASacandra bosa aura hiTalara 29 maI, 1942 ko netAjI subhASacandra bosa eka khAsa havAI jahAja se barlina se rAstenabarga ke lie ravAnA hue| vahA~ nikaTa hI eka phaujI chAvanI meM una dinoM jarmana netA hiTalara kA nivAsa thaa| videzamantrI heravaoNna ribrenaTaoNpa ne havAI aDDe para netAjI kA svAgata kiyaa| hiTalara ke khAsa dUta prophesara mArTina boramana ne netAjI se kahA--'misTara bosa, tilaka ke 'gItArahasya ke leTesTa eDisana (navInatama AvRtti) kI koI prati hai Apake pAsa?' netAjI Azcarya se staMbhita hokara dekhane lge| prophesara boramana muskarAte hue bole--"misTara bosa ! maiM abhI bhI myUnikha yunivarsiTI meM par3hAtA huuN| kAlidAsa, bhavabhUti Adi kI racanAyeM mere ghara meM haiN| lokamAnya tilaka kA mujhe vizeSa AkarSaNa hai|" netAjI ne kahA-"merI chAtI garva se phUlI jA rahI hai ki hamArI saMskRti ko jAnanevAle prakANDa paMDita mahAna netA hiTalara kI aMtaraMga maMDalI meM bhI haiN|" ** bAta choTI, bar3e vicAra bApU ke sevAgrAma Azrama' meM AbhA gA~dhI kA vivAha thaa| sarojanI nAyaDU ne bApU se pUchA- "bApU, AbhA kitanI sundara hai; kintu Apa use vivAha meM bhI AbhUSaNa to pahanane nahIM deMge, phira yadi Apa AjJA deM, to use phUloM se sajA duuN|" bApU ne kahA--"use phUloM se avazya sajA sakatI ho, kintu gire huye phUloM se; kyoMki phUla tor3ane meM tumheM Ananda AyegA, kintu usa vanaspati ko kitanA kaSTa hogA? isakA bhI dhyAna rakhanA to jarUrI hai|" nAyaDU vivaza hokara cupa raha giiN| ** viziSTa kauna? "go-bAla brAhmaNa-strI puNyabhAgI ydiissyte| sarvaprANigaNatrAyI nitarAM na tadA katham / / " -(AcArya amitagati, zrAvakAcAra, 11/3) artha:- yadi gau, brAhmaNa, bAlaka aura strI kI rakSA karanevAlA puNya bhAgI hai, to jisane sampUrNa prANIsamUha kI rakSA kA vrata liyA hai, vaha usase viziSTa kyoM nahIM? vaha avazya viziSTa hai| prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 4065

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ahiMsaka arthazAstra - zrImatI raMjanA jaina loka meM 'puruSArtha-catuSTaya' kI bAta sabhI svIkAra karate haiM, jinameM dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa samAhita haiN| ina cAra puruSArthoM meM 'artha' nAmaka puruSArtha ke zAbdikarUpa se kaI paryAyavAcI kahe gaye haiN| inameM prayojana, dhana, zabdArtha, padArtha yA vastu Adi vizeSataH ullekhanIya haiM / puruSArtha-catuSTaya meM inameM se 'dhana' ko hI abhipreta mAnA gayA hai 1 hamAre deza meM ukta puruSArtha-catuSTaya ke sabhI aMgoM para paryApta graMtha likhe gaye haiM / 'artha' puruSArtha para mahAmAtya kauTilya (cANakya) kA likhA 'arthazAstra' atyanta prasiddha evaM pratiSThita hai / jJAtavya hai ki mahAmAtya cANakya ne candragupta kA rAjya niSkaMTaka karane ke uparAnta nagna digambara jaina sAdhu rUpa meM dIkSA lekara dharma-mokSa-puruSArthoM kA sAdhana kiyA thaa| 'arthazAstra' grantha kA praNayana isake pUrva samrAT candragupta ke rAjyazAsana ko nirvighna saMcAlita karane ke lie mArgadarzana - svarUpa kiyA thA; kyoMki prazAsana kI pakar3a arthatantra ke binA nahIM banatI hai / jainAcAryoM evaM manISiyoM ne bhI prasaMgavazAt 'artha' puruSArtha ke bAre meM mahattvapUrNa nirdeza diye haiN| yadyapi jainadarzana 'dhana' ko parigraha mAnatA hai tathA isa rUpa meM vaha use 'anartha kA mUla' bhI batAtA hai-- "atthaM aNatthamUlaM" - (AcArya zivArya, 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA', 1808) vastuta: AvazyakatA se adhika tathA avaruddha - pravAha vAle dhanasaMcaya ko vyavahAra meM bhI hama 'anartha kA mUla' anubhava karate hai / dhana ke kAraNa bhAI-bhAI meM, pitA-putra meM, mitroM meM aura sage-sambandhiyoM meM bhI Aye dina aneka prakAra ke jhagar3e, upadrava aura SaDyantroM ko ghaTita hote dekhate rahate haiM / itihAsa kI ghaTanAyeM evaM paurANika kathAnakoM ke atirikta anya prakIrNaka kathAyeM bhI isa tathya kI puSTi karatI haiM / phira bhI jainAcAryoM ne isake sAttvika prayogoM ke lie anekoM aise mahattvapUrNa dizAnirdeza bhI diye haiM, jisase isakI samAjahita evaM rASTrahita meM upAdeyatA siddha hotI / sAtha hI vyakti ke cAritrika nirmANa evaM vikAsa meM bhI ve nirdeza atimahattvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhAte haiN| 66 prAkRtavidyA+janavarI-mArca 2000

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rAjya-prazAsana evaM saMcAlana ke sAtha-sAtha parivAra kI surakSita unnati meM 'artha' ke svarUpa kA nirdeza karate huye AcArya somadeva 'nItivAkyAmRta' nAmaka grantha meM likhate haiM "Aya-vyaya-mukhayormuni-kamaNDalureva nidarzanam" - (18/6, pRSTha 152) arthAt rASTra, saMsthA yA vyakti kI Aya kA srota jaina munirAja ke kamaNDalu meM jala bharane ke mukha ke samAna bar3A honA cAhie tathA kharca kA dvAra kamaNDalu ke jala-nikAsI-dvAra kI bhA~ti choTA honA caahiye| ____ yadi koI bhI rASTra yA vyakti apanI Aya se adhika vyaya karatA hai, to usakA patana sunizcita hai; tathA yadi barAbara bhI vyaya karatA hai, to bhI unnati kadApi nahIM ho skegii| hA~ ! yadi vaha Aya adhika evaM vyaya maryAdita karatA hai; to usakI unnati avazyaMbhAvI hai| yaha maMtra kaMjUsI ke lie nahIM, apitu apavyayatA para niyaMtraNa ke lie hai| aprayojanabhUta kAryoM, bhauMDe pradarzanoM evaM jhUThI mAna-bar3hAI ke lie kiye jAne vAle kharca tathA durvyasanoM kI pUrti ke lie kiye jAne vAle kharca ko rokanA isa kathana kA uddezya hai| mAtra dhana-saMcaya karanA yahA~ abhipreta nahIM hai| __ jainAcAryoM ne 'parigraha-parimANavata' kA vidhAna karake arthazAstra ko lokahitakArI ahiMsaka dizA pradAna kI hai| vastuta: ahiMsaka rIti se nIti-nyAyapUrvaka kamAyA jAnevAlA 'dhana nizcaya yahI 'artha' saMjJA ke yogya hai| hiMsaka-rIti, anyAya-anItipUrvaka kamAyA gayA dhana ko to 'anartha' kahA jAtA hai; kyoMki usake phalasvarUpa durvyasanoM kA hI prasAra hotA hai| * jainAcAryoM ne yaha bhI eka adbhuta pratipAdana kiyA hai ki 'apAra dhana kA saMcaya vastuta: nIti-nyAyapUrvaka kiyA hI nahIM jA sakatA hai|' AcArya guNabhadra likhate haiM___ "zuddhanirvivardhante satAmapi na sampadaH / na hi svacchAmbubhi: pUrNA: kadAcidapi sindhavaH / / " -(AtmAnuzAsanam, 45) artha:-sajjanoM ke bhI apAra sampatti kI prApti zuddha (nirdoSa) dhana se saMbhava nahIM hotI hai| samudra jaise mahAn jalanidhi meM jalApUrti kabhI bhI nirmala jala se nahIM, apitu varSA ke malina jala se hI hotI hai| isakA kAraNa bhI hai| vaha yaha ki apAra dhana-saMcaya samAja aura rASTra meM Arthika viSamatA ko utpanna karatA hai| aura Arthika viSamatA kA mUla 'bhraSTAcAra' ko mAnA gayA hai| yaha kathana paMcamakAla meM dhanasaMgraha kI pravRttiyoM evaM usake saMsAdhanoM ko lakSya meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hai| dhanaprApti kA kAraNa to pUrvakRta puNyabhAva hai| kahA bhI hai "puNyarvinA na hi bhavanti samIhitArthAH / " - (amRtAzIti, 1-4) puNya ke bhI do rUpa haiM; eka samyagdRSTi kA puNya hotA hai, jo use phalasvarUpa prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 1067

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vItarAgI - deva- zAstra - guru kA sAnnidhya vizeSataH upalabdha karAtA hai| sAtha hI jo dhana use milatA hai, usakA upayoga dAnAdi satkAryoM meM hI mukhyataH hotA hai| jabaki mithyAdRSTi kA puNya dhana prApti meM to phalita hotA hai, kintu vaha viSaya-vAsanAoM kI pUrti, parigraha kA saMcaya evaM nAnA prakAra ke tanAvoM va jhagar3oM kI utpatti meM caritArtha hotA hai| ata: aise puNya kA niSedha karate huye jainAcArya likhate haiM-- " puNNeNa hoi vihavo, vihaveNa mao maeNa maimoho / maimoheNa ya pAvaM, tamhA puNNo vi vajjeo / / " - (tiloyapaNNatti, 9/52 ) artha:- puNya se vaibhava (dhanasampatti Adi) kI prApti hotI hai, vaibhava se abhimAna utpanna hotA hai, abhimAna ke kAraNa buddhi bhraSTa ho jAtI hai / bhraSTa - buddhi se niyama se (aise kArya hote haiM, jinake phalasvarUpa ) durgati ke kAraNa pApabhAva kI prApti hotI hai / ata: aisA puNya varjita kahA gayA hai, chor3ane yogya hai| yadi jainAcAryoM ke dvArA pratipAdita ahiMsaka arthazAstra ko apanAyA jAye, to aparAdhoM para niyaMtraNa, rASTra kI unnati, mAnasika zAMti evaM pArasparika sauhArda kA pratiphala niyamataH prApta hogaa| ataH ukta dRSTiyoM se vyakti, samAja evaM rASTra ke hita meM ahiMsaka arthazAstra ko apanAyA jAye, to vizva meM zAMti evaM samRddhi kA prasAra hogA tathA 'artha' kA anarthakArI pratiphalana ruka sakegA / 'arthazAstra' ke praNetA kI artha-dRSTi samrAT candragupta maurya ke rAjya meM yUnAna kA rAjadUta megAsthanIz2a AyA aura vaha apane paricayapatra Adi prastuta karane sAmrAjya ke mahAmAtya cANakya ke pAsa pahu~cA / mahAmAtya cANakya eka sAdhAraNa-sI jhopar3I meM baiThakara kArya kara rahe the / megAsthanIz2a ne vahA~ pahu~cakara sasammAna apanA paricayapatra evaM Avazyaka sAmagrI prastuta kI / aupacArikatA pUrti ke uparAnta jaba megAsthanIz2a vApasa lauTane lagA, to AcArya cANakya ne jalate huye dIpaka ko bujhAkara dUsarA dIpa jalA liyaa| yaha dekhakara megAsthanIz2a vApasa lauTA aura vinayabhAva se pUchA ki "zrImAn ! Apane aisA kyoM kiyA?" to AcArya cANakya bole ki "pahile vAle dIpa meM sarakArI tela jalatA hai| jaba taka maiM sarakArI kArya kara rahA thA, usa dIpa ko prajvalita kiye rhaa| aba maiM nijI kArya kara rahA hU~, ata: sarakArI kharcavAlA dIpa bujhAkara nijI kharcavAlA dIpa jalA liyA hai| yadi maiM itanI sAvadhAnI nahIM rakhU~gA, to mere caritra meM to doSa lagegA hI; anya sAre karmacArI bhI sarakArI saMsAdhanoM kA upayoga nijI kAryoM ke lie karane lgeNge| taba yaha rASTra unnati kaise kara sakegA, jaba yahA~ rakSaka hI bhakSaka bana jAyegA, bAr3a hI kheta ko khAne lagegI?" Aja ke sandarbha meM yaha ghaTanAkrama gambhIratA se mananIya evaM anukaraNIya hai| ** 68 prAkRtavidyAjanavarI-mArca 2000

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jainadarzanAnusAra garbhastha zizu kI saMvedanazakti aura vijJAna kI avadhAraNA -zrImatI amitA jaina __vartamAna meM mahilAyeM mAtRtva ke svarUpa ko jisa taraha se garimAhIna karane lagIM haiM tathA saMskAroM ke prati asAvadhAna rahane lagIM haiM; unheM pAramparika mAnyatAoM evaM Adhunika vaijJAnika prarUpaNAoM ke samaveta Aloka meM isakI garimA kA bodha karane tathA isa viSaya meM paryApta sAvadhAnI baratane kA spaSTa saMketa prastuta Alekha meM kiyA gayA hai| viduSI lekhikA ne isa bAre meM sapramANa jAnakArI to prastuta kI hI hai, sAvadhAnIpUrvaka saMketa bhI kiye haiM ki isa bAre meM hameM kahA~ kaisI sAvadhAnI rakhanI hai| AzA hai Adhunika pIr3hI kI asaMyamita pravRtti se bar3he galata prayogoM ke lie yaha Alekha paryApta sAvadhAna to karegA hI, unheM sabhI jAnakArI ke dvArA mana:parivartana karake apane saMskAroM evaM paramparA ke prati vinamra evaM jAgaruka bnaayegaa| -sampAdaka jainadarzana meM na kevala tattvajJAna kA sUkSma nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai, apitu anekoM aise nirUpaNa bhI milate haiM, jinake bAre meM vijJAna pahile mAnyatA nahIM detA thA aura aba svIkRti dene lagA hai| aise hI prakaraNoM meM eka prakaraNa hai ki kyA janma ke pUrva garbhastha ziza kA mastiSka itanA vikasita hotA hai ki vaha pratikriyAoM kI abhivyakti kara sake? jainazAstroM meM isa bAta kI svIkRti dI gayI hai| kyoMki isameM manuSya ke zizu kI zarIra paryAptipUrNa hone ke bAda use saMjJI paMcendriya hI mAnA hai| tathA saMjJI jIva kI cetanA itanI jAgRta hotI hai ki vaha vicArapUrvaka harSa, viSAda, Akroza Adi pratikriyAoM ko abhivyakta kara ske| bhale hI vaha sthAnAbhAva evaM sAmarthyAbhAva se tadanurUpa koI vizeSa zArIrika pratikriyA nahIM kara pAtA hai, phira bhI vaha mAnasika taraMgoM ke rUpa meM tathA yathAsaMbhava zArIrika halana-calana dvArA apanI pratikriyA vyakta kara hI detA hai| jainAcArya pArzvadeva ne isa viSaya meM nimnAnusAra ullekha kiyA hai"zarIraH piNDa ityukta: tata: piNDo nirUpyate, zuklaraktAmbunA siktaM caitanyabIjamAdimam / / ekIbhUtaM tathA kAle yathAkAle'varohati, ekarAtreNa kalalaM paJcarAtreNa budbudam / / zoNitaM dazarAtreNa mAMsapezI caturdaze, ghanamAMsaJca viMzAhale garbhastho varddhate kramAt / / paJcaviMzatipUrNaizca palaM sarvAMkurAyate, mAsenaikena pUrNena tvaJcatvAdIni dhArayet / / prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 0069

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mAsadvaye tu samprApte mAsameda: prajAyate, majjAsthIni tribhirmAsai: kezAMgulyazcaturthakaiH / / karNAkSinAsikAcAsyarandhra mAse tu paJcame, sarvAMgasandhisampUrNamaSTabhiH smprjaayte|| mAse ca navame prApte garbhastha: smarati svayam, jugupsA jAyate garbhe garbhavAsaM parityajet / / raktAdhike bhavennArI naraH zukrAdhike bhavet, napuMsakassame dravye trividha: piNDasambhavaH / / majjAsthizukradhAtozca rakta-romaphalaM tathA, paJcakoSamidaM piNDaM paNDitai: samudAhRtam / / " -(saMgIta samayasAra, adhyAya 2, padya 8-16, pR0 25-26) __ artha:-zarIra ko 'piNDa' kahA jAtA hai, ata: piNDa kA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai| Adima caitanya bIja zukra aura raktajala (vIrya aura raja:) se siMcita viziSTa kAla meM ekIbhUta hotA hai aura samaya Ane para janma letA hai| eka rAtri meM kalala', pA~ca rAtriyoM meM 'budbuda', dasa rAtriyoM meM zoNita', caudaha rAtriyoM meM 'mAMsapezI', bIsa dina meM 'ghanamAMsa' --isa rIti se garbhastha zizu kramaza: bar3hatA rahatA hai| paccIsa dina pUrNa hone para vaha garbha samasta aMkuroM se yukta ho jAtA hai aura eka mAsa pUrNa hone para usa para tvacA Adi Ane lagatI hai| do mAsa meM mA~sa' aura 'meda' utpanna ho jAtA hai, tIna mAsa meM 'majjA' aura 'haDDI', tathA cauthe mAsa meM 'bAla' aura 'a~guliyA~' nirmita ho jAtI haiN| pA~cave mAsa meM kAna-nAka Adi ke randhra' (chidra) bana jAte haiM tathA ATha mAsa meM samasta saMdhiyoM se yukta pUrNa zarIra bana jAtA hai| nauvA~ mahInA lagane para garbhastha jIva smaraNa karane lagatA hai tathA use garbha ke vAtAvaraNa se jugupsA hotI hai aura vaha garbha-parityAga kI ceSTA karane lagatA hai| yadi garbhakAla meM raktAdhikya ho, to 'nArI' tathA vIrya kI adhikatA hone para 'puruSa' zizu hotA hai| donoM kI samAnatA hone para napuMsaka zizu hotA hai| vidvAnoM ne isa piNDa ko majjA, asthi, zukra, dhAtu, rakta aura roma kA phala 'paJcakoSa yukta' bhalIprakAra se kahA hai| ___isa bAre meM Adhunika vijJAna ke dvArA bhI aise tathyoM ko svIkRti dI jA rahI hai, tathA jainAcAryoM kA nAmollekha bhale hI ve nahIM kara rahe haiM, phira bhI una bAtoM ko mAnyatA de rahe haiN| sadya-prakAzita eka aise Alekha kA avikalarUpa yahA~ diyA jA rahA hai"bhrUNa ko bhI krodha AtA hai mahAbhArata kI kathAoM meM vIra abhimanyu ke garbha meM rahate huye bhI cakravyUha racanA samajhane kI bAta kahI gaI hai| cakravyUha meM praveza kA tarIkA to abhimanyu sIkha gayA, magara vyUha bhedakara bAhara jAne kI jAnakArI use nahIM ho paaii| asala meM jaba pitA yaha bheda samajhA rahe the ki mAM ko nIMda A gaI aura unhoMne bAta roka dii| abhI taka isa ghaTanA ko akasara majAka ke taura para liyA jAtA rahA hai, magara aba cikitsakoM aura mano-cikitsakoM ne isakI satyatA siddha kI hai| tathya kI puSTi ke liye aise zodha aura parIkSaNa kara DAle haiM, jo batAte haiM ki navajAta 00 70 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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zizu hI nahIM, bhrUNa taka apane bAre meM soca sakatA hai / phrAyaDIya vicAradhArA ke himAyatI to yahA~ taka kahate haiM ki "bacapana ke pahale par3Ava meM hI baccA apane hita anahita kI bAta samajhane lagatA hai| kaI bAra to upekSA kI gAMTha usake bar3e hone taka usake mana meM baMdhI rahatI hai / " manovaijJAnika melAnI kalAIna ke anusAra yadi mAtA bacce kI dekhabhAla meM kotAhI baratatI hai, to tIna mAsa taka kA baccA bhI use sApha-sApha mahasUsa karane lagatA hai usameM Akroza paidA ho jAtA hai| jo isa sImA taka jA pahu~catA hai, jahA~ unake mana meM mA~ ko mAra DAlane ke vicAra bhI Ane lagate haiM / hAlaiMDa, amarIkA, briTena, cekoslovAkiyA Adi dezoM meM isa dizA meM mahattvapUrNa adhyayana huye haiM / parIkSaNa ke daurAna garbha meM adhyayana kaimarA lagAkara vividha dazAyeM najadIka se jAMcI gayI haiM / yahA~ zukrANu aura aMDa ke milana ke bAda zurU hone vAlI bhrUNAvasthA kA bhI adhyayana kiyA gayA / manovaijJAnika Ara0DI0 laiMga ne apane prayoga meM dekhA ki eka mahilA jo mA~ nahIM bananA cAhatI thI, usake garbhAzya meM anuSecana ke bAda bane kozikA - Dimba yAni blAsTosiesTa kA na ThaharAne kI pUrI koziza kI / isa dazA meM hotA yaha hai ki kaI bAra to kozikA - Dimba saphala ho jAtA hai; magara kaI bAra isa saMgharSa ke daurAna jaba kozikA - Dimba ko garbhAzaya meM sthAna nahIM mila pAtA / vaha Age calakara jIvanabhara isa upekSA ko yAda rakhatA hai / yaha bhrUNa garbha meM rahakara taraha-taraha kI harakateM kara apanI pratikriyA vyakta karatA hai / DaoN0 lekorAha ne bhrUNa ko kucha AkrozabharI harakateM karate dekhA hai, jo behada Azcayarjajanaka thIM / kaI harakateM to isa bAta kI kahAnI kahatI thIM ki 'mA~ to mujhe cAhatI nahIM, merA jInA bekAra hai / ' eka ghaTanA meM to rogI bacce ne sAta mAha kI garbhAvasthA ke pravAsa meM huI durghaTanA taka ko yAda kiyaa| huA yoM ki usa bacce ke sira meM garbha meM rahate coTa lagI thI / DaoNkTara hairAna the ki bhalA aise kaise saMbhava ho sakatA hai| magara jaba usakI mA~ se pUchatAcha kI gaI, to usane apanA aba taka kA chipA rahasya khola diyaa| asala meM jaba yaha baccA sAta mAha kA garbha thA, to usakI mA~ apane premI ke sAtha chipakara ghUmane gaI thI durghaTanAvaza mA~ ke paira meM coTa aaii| hAlAMki use turaMta aspatAla le jAyA gayA aura DaoNkTaroM ne mAmUlI-sI coTa kahakara vApasa bhI kara diyaa| magara garbhastha zizu ne ise mA~ dvArA use mAra DAlane kI sAjiza kI kalpanA kii| coTa kI puSTi DaoNkTara ko taba aura pakkI huI jaba bacce ke cIkhane para usake sira kA kucha bhAga lAla ho gyaa| 1 hAlA~ki manovaijJAnika piare volTa ne bhI isa dizA meM mahattvapUrNa anusaMdhAna kiyA hai| unhoMne 'garbhAdhAna vizleSaNa' nAmaka aisI takanIka kholI ho, jisameM ve garbha kI prAkRtavidyA + janavarI-mArca 2000 00 71

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vibhinna kriyAoM kA gUr3ha adhyayana karake apanI riporTa taiyAra kI hai| isake alAvA ve baccoM aura vayaskoM taka kA garbha kI yAda karane ke lie prerita karate haiN| isa taraha se piare volTa ne garbha kI bAteM yAda karanevAloM ke khAse rikArDa ekatra kara liye haiN| unhoMne eka parIkSaNa meM dekhA ki garbha Thaharane ke bAda jaba mA~ ko srAva huA, to use bhI zizu ne yAda rkhaa| usane ise mA~ ke prati isa Azaya kA Akroza batAyA ki 'mA~ mujhe garbha meM nahIM rakhanA cAhatI thii| vaha cAhatI thI ki garbhapAta ho jaaye| isIprakAra ke prayoga manovaijJAnika bila svATighI ne bhI kiye haiN| unhoMne aise hI baccoM ko parakhA, jinhoMne garbha meM rahate hue kaTu anubhavoM ko sukhada anubhavoM se jyAdA yAda rkhaa| pA~ca sAla yA isase Upara kI Ayu meM ghaTI bAtoM kI dhuMdhalI yAda to prAya: sabhI ko rahatI hai| magara vaijJAnikoM ke anusAra eka navajAta zizu bhI usa ghar3I ko yAda rakha sakatA hai, jaba vaha paidA huA thaa| isa dizA meM briTena ke phraiMka leka aura amarIkA ke jAvida phehara ne viziSTa prayoga kiye haiN| unhoMne baccoM ko prerita kara janma ke kSetra yAda dilAye aura unheM isameM kAphI saphalatA bhI hAtha lgii| isItaraha ke prayoga cekeslovAkiyA ke sTaoNna grApha ne bhI kiye haiN| unhoMne kaI mAnasika rogiyoM ko apane janma ke kSaNoM meM phira se pahu~cane ko prerita kiyA; apane kaI prayogoM se unhoMne sahI bAteM pakar3I bhii| sTona grApha ne pAyA ki kucha baccoM ko vayaska hone taka mA~ se behada lagAva rahatA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki eka to mA~ ne inheM kAphI sukhada sthiti meM janma diyaa| dUsare vaha apanI mA~ ke utane nikaTa rahe ki unakA mana bAra-bAra bacapana ke kSaNoM kI yAda karatA aura vaha usI sthiti lauTane ke lie betAba rhte| aise baccoM ko mA~ ke AMcala meM chipakara pahalI bAra ke stanapAna kI bhI yAda rhii| vayaska hone ke bAda bhI yaha bacce khoye-khoye se rahate haiM aura ve cAhakara bhI nahIM jAna pAte ki unheM kisakI talAza hai| unakI AMkhoM meM aksara mA~ kA AMcala taira jAtA hai| isake ThIka viparIta kucha parIkSaNa aise bhI Aye haiM, jinameM bacce lambe samaya taka mA~ ke prati virodha vyakta karate the| sTaoNna grApha ke anusAra prasava-vedanA jaba lambI calatI hai, to mA~ ke garbhAzya meM saMkucana hotA hai aura garbhAzya kA chidra lagabhaga baMda ho jAtA hai| isa dazA meM use adhika dabAva kA anubhava hotA hai| isake kAraNa bacce apane janma ko kaSTapUrNa mAnate haiN| isake lie vaha mA~ ko doSI mAnakara calatA hai| usake prati Akroza kI bhAvanA kaI parIkSaNoM meM isa Akroza ko kAphI lambe samaya taka pAyA gayA hai| parIkSaNoM meM aise logoM ko jaba usa saba ko yAda karane ke lie prerita kiyA gayA, to unhoMne use kaSTadAyI kSaNoM ke rUpa meM yAda kiyaa| ___ kaI bAra aisA bhI pAyA gayA hai ki garbha meM ThaharA baccA prasava ke lie mA~ kI sahAyatA bhI karatA hai| vaha svayaM aisI gati paidA kara letA hai ki kama prasava-vedanA se janma ho jAtA 1072 prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000

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hai| parIkSaNoM meM isa taraha kI ghaTanAoM ko sukha-du:kha mizrita pAyA gayA hai| janma ke bAda navajAta zizu jaisA vAtAvaraNa dekhatA hai, usako bhI yAda rakhatA hai| parIkSaNoM meM dekhA gayA hai ki jina baccoM ko paidA hone ke bAda kAphI samaya taka lAr3a-pyAra milatA hai, ve bar3e hone taka apane sukhada kSaNoM kI yAda saMjo rahate haiN|" - (hindustAna dainika, 5 mArca, 2000) AzA hai jainasamAja ke vijJAna-ruci-sampanna vyakti isa kSetra meM dhyAna deMge aura jainAcAryoM ke vaijJAnika prarUpaNoM se deza va samAja ko avagata kraayeNge| ** rAjA zreNika aura kuNik magadha ke adhipati rAjA zreNika kI sahadharmiNI rAnI celanA ke garbha meM jaba rAjakumAra kuNika kA jIva AyA, to usake saMskAroM ke kAraNa celanA atyadhika duvidhAgrasta ho gyii| kyoMki usake mana meM sadaiva zreNika se kalaha karane evaM usakA ahita karane ke vicAra Ate, jo ki vyaktarUpa meM celanA kadApi soca bhI nahIM sakatI thii| jaba kuNika kA janma huA, to pAlane meM leTA vaha apane pitA rAjA zreNika ke pAsa Ane para dA~ta kiTakiTAtA tathA krUratApUrvaka dekhatA thaa| bar3e hokara rAjA gaddI saMbhAlane para kuNika ne apane pitA zreNika ko jela meM baMdI karake rakhA tathA aMtata: vahIM para kuNika ko Ate dekhakara usake atyAcAroM se pIr3ita pitA kA saMklezapUrNa dehAvasAna huaa| vastuta: jo kuNika ke krUra saMskAra the tathA zreNika ke prati jo vizeSa vairabhAva thA, vaha garbhakAla meM hI prakaTa hone lagA thA, aura usakA prabhAva usakI mA~ celanA ke Upara bhI par3A thaa| kahA jAtA hai ki usake garbhakAla meM celanA ko zreNika kI chAtI se khUna bahate dekhane kA dohalA' huA thA, jise vaha bhAratIya pativratA nArI hone ke kAraNa vyakta nahIM kara pAyI thii| 'arihaMta' 'arihaMta' jainazAsana ke mukhya paricAyaka haiN| jainoM ke ArAdhyadeva ke rUpa meM jainetaroM ne bhI inakA sabahumAna anekatra ullekha kiyA hai| AcArya vizAkhadatta ne 'mudrArAkSasam' nATaka meM inake bAre meM nimnAnusAra ullekha kiyA hai "sAsaNamalihatANaM paDivajjaha moh-baahi-vejjaannN| je paDhamatta kaDuaM, pacchA patthaM uvdisNti||" - (4/18, pRSTha 351) ' artha:- jo moharUpI vyAdhi ke lie vaidya ke samAna haiM, una arihaMtoM ke zAsana (upadeza) kA anupAlana kro| ve prathamata: to (mohI prANiyAM ko) kaTuka auSadhi ke samAna upadeza dete haiM, jo ki bAda meM vaha pathya ke samAna (balavardhaka) hotA hai| "alihatANaM paNamAmo je de gaMbhIladAe buddhiie| louttalehiM loe siddhiM maggehiM maggaMti / / " - (5/2, pRSTha 361) arihaMtoM ko praNAma karatA hU~, jo apanI gaMbhIra buddhi arthAt sarvajJatA ke dvArA lokottara mArgoM se loka meM siddhi ko prApta karate haiM yA siddhi kA upadeza dete haiN| ** prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 1073

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(preraka vyaktitva manISI sAdhaka : paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha . -DaoN0 premacandra rAMvakA eka aisA kalpavRkSa marubhUmi meM ugA, jisakI saghana chAyA meM na jAne kitane vidyAnurAgI pathikoM ne na kevala zItala chA~va pAyI; apitu jJAna evaM saMskAra ke sumadhura phaloM kA AsvAdana bhI kiyaa| aise advitIya manISI paMDitapravara cainasukhadAsa jI nyAyatIrtha kI janma zatAbdI' ke suavasara para kRtajJa vinayAMjali-svarUpa yaha Alekha prastuta hai| -sampAdaka __bhAratIya saMskRti, sAhitya, kalA evaM zaurya kA pramukha kendra rAjasthAna kA bhAratIya itihAsa meM gauravapUrNa sthAna rahA hai| eka ora yahA~ kI bhUmi kA kaNa-kaNa vIratA evaM zaurya ke liye prasiddha rahA hai to dUsarI ora sAhitya evaM saMskRti ke saMvarddhana evaM sampoSaNa meM yahA~ ke santoM, vidvAnoM evaM zreSThiyoM ne apanA amUlya yogadAna kiyA hai| zakti aura bhakti kA apUrva sAmaMjasya isa pradeza kI apanI vizeSatA hai| yahA~ kI sAhityika evaM sAMskRtika virAsata ne deza ke vikAsa meM ullekhanIya yogadAna kiyA hai| bhAratIya vAGmaya kA vipula bhaNDAra rAjasthAna ke granthAgAroM meM vidyamAna hai| rAjasthAna kI vIrabhUmi ne aneka pratibhAoM evaM manISI vidvAn ratnoM ko janma diyA haiN| mahApaNDita AzAdhara, mahAkavi mAgha, bhaTTAraka ziromaNi padmanandi, bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti, mahAkavi brahma jinadAsa, AcArya haribhadrasUri, paM0 ToDaramala, paM0 daulatarAma, paM0 jayacanda chAbar3A, paM0 sadAsukha kAsalIvAla, munizrI jinavijaya jaise santoM evaM vidvAnoM ne rAjasthAna meM sAmAjika evaM sAhityika krAnti kA bigula bjaayaa| rAjasthAna ke aise hI gauravazAlI vidvAnoM meM paM0 cainasukhadAsa jI nyAyatIrtha kA nAma svarNAkSaroM meM ullekhanIya hai| unakA smaraNa Ate hI unnata lalATa, AdhyAtmika AbhA se yukta tejasvI mukha-maNDala, kRza-deha, AjAnubAhu aura sAdA bhadraveza se maNDita eka vandanIya vyaktitva sAmane A jAtA hai| ve una virala vibhUtiyoM meM se the, jinhoMne AjIvana aneka viSama paristhitiyoM se lohA lete huye svayaM eka yuga kA nirmANa kiyaa| unakA bAhya vyaktitva jitanA sUkSma, komala evaM durbala thA; antaraMga vyaktitva utanA hI 0074 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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dRr3ha, sabala aura gaMbhIra thA / paMDita cainasukhadAsa jI apane samaya ke atyadhika lokapriya evaM zraddhAspada vidvAn mAne jAte the| jaina samAja ke ve ziromaNi the / jaina samAja kI zaikSaNika, sAmAjika evaM dhArmika gatividhiyoM meM unakI mahatI pragatizIla bhUmikA rahatI thI / cAra dazaka taka unhoMne jaina-samAja ko vibhinna kSetroM meM mArgadarzana diyaa| bar3e-bar3e rAjanetA, zreSThigaNa evaM munivRnda bhI unakI pratibhA evaM samAjopayogI pragatizIla vicAroM se prabhAvita hote. aura svIkArate the| jainadarzana ke isa manISI vidvAn kA janma rAjasthAna prAnta ke jayapura - jilAntargata bhAdavA grAma ke zrI javAharalAla jI rAMvakA kI dharmapatnI dhApUbAI kI kukSi se gha kRSNA amAvasyA (22 janavarI 1990 ) ko sUryagrahaNa ke samaya huA thA / inakI janma-kuNDalI meM atizaya vidyA - buddhi, yaza evaM prabhAva kA asAdhAraNa yoga thA / bacapana meM hI eka pA~va para pakSAghAta ho gayA, jo AjIvana rhaa| dasa varSa kI alpAvasthA meM pitR-vAtsalya se vaMcita honA pdd'aa| ghara kI Arthika sthiti ThIka na hone se mAtA ke sAtha sUta bhI kAtanA pdd'aa| prArambhika zikSA 'bhAdavA' aura 'jobanera' meM prApta kara ve ucca adhyayana ke lie 'syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, vArANasI' ke chAtra bane / prArambha se hI ve kuzAgra buddhi ke the / vidyArthI avasthA meM tArkika zakti tIvra hone se ve apane sAthiyoM meM 'tarkacandra' ke nAma se jAne jAte the| paM0 bhUrAmala aura prasiddha vidvAn paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI inake sahapAThI rhe| vArANasI se saMskRta evaM jainadarzana kA ucca adhyayana prApta kara apane grAma lauTane para unakA bhavya svAgata huA / paira se lAcAra hone para bhI unake vivAha ke. kaI prastAva Aye, para unhoMne svIkAra nahIM kiye aura Ajanma avivAhita rhe| pahale apanI janma bhUmi bhAdavA meM aura phira 'kucAmana' ke samAja ne inakI vidvattApUrNa sarala vyAkhyAna- - zailI se prabhAvita hokara inheM kucAmana ke 'digambara jaina vidyAlaya' kA pradhAnAdhyApaka banAyA / bAraha varSa taka isa pada para rahate huye unhoMne usa mAravAr3a pradeza meM anamela vivAha, daheja, kanyA- vikraya evaM chUAchUta jaisI kurItiyoM meM kAphI sudhAra kiyA aura sarvatra prazaMsA ke pAtra bane / 30 aktUbara 1931 ko paMDita cainasukhadAsa jI jayapura kI prasiddha 'digambara jaina mahApAThazAlA' ke adhyakSa (prAcArya) bane / aba unakA kAryakSetra samUcA rASTra ho gayA / inake sAnnidhya meM sannikaTa aura sudUra sthAnoM ke chAtra jainadarzana evaM saMskRta ke jJAnArjana ke lie praveza pAne lge| apane cAlIsa varSa ke adhyApana - kAla meM paNDita jI sAhaba ne apane antevAsI chAtroM ko yathocita suzikSA pradAna kara unako bahumukhI vikAsonmukha kara mahApAThazAlA ko mahAvidyAlaya kA svarUpa pradAna karate hue rASTra kI gauravazAlI zikSaNa-saMsthA prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca 2000 00 75

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bnaayaa| unake ziSyoM kI eka lambI saMkhyA rahI jo deza ke vibhinna pradezoM meM vibhinna padoM evaM kAryoM meM saMlagna hokara samAja evaM rASTra kI sevA meM agraNI rahe haiN| unake vidvAn ziSyoM meM sva0 paM0 zrIprakAza zAstrI, sva0 paM0 bhaMvaralAla nyAyatIrtha, sva0 paM0 milApacanda zAstrI, sva0 zrImatI mohanAdevI jaina nyAyatIrtha, sva0 DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla evaM kavivara paM0 anUpacandra nyAyatIrtha, variSTha patrakAra zrI pravINacanda chAbar3A, DaoN0 gulAbacandra jaina jainadarzanAcArya, DaoN0 rAjakumAra jaina, vaidya prabhudayAla kAsalIvAla, vaidya phUlacanda jaina, pro0 mahAdeva dhanuSkara, DaoN0 premacanda rA~vakA Adi pramukha haiN| ____paM0 cainasukhadAsa jI nyAyatIrtha kA vyaktitva mahAn thA aura kRtitva bhuaayaamii| ve zreSTha-Adarza adhyApaka, lekhaka, patrakAra, kavi, pravacanakAra va samAja-sudhAraka the| jainadarzana, jaina-bandhu evaM vIravANI jaisI patrikAoM ke mAdhyama se unhoMne eka ora samAja meM vyApta zithilAcAroM evaM kurItiyoM ke nirAkaraNa ke lie jana-jAgaraNa kiyA, to dUsarI ora yuvA lekhakoM kA maNDala taiyAra kiyaa| pUjya paMDita sAhaba kA samagra jIvana mA~ bhAratI kI AratI meM hI vyatIta haa| ve sarasvatI-putra the| unakI vidyArAdhanA aura sAhitya-sAdhanA ucca koTi kI thii| ve maulika racanAkAra the| unakI racanAdharmitA ne jainadarzanasAra, sarvArthasiddhisAra, bhAvanA-viveka, pAvana-pravAha, pravacana-prakAza, arhat-pravacana, pradyumnacarita, nikSepacakra aura dArzanika ke gIta jaisI maulika racanAyeM sAhitya-jagat ko pradAna kii| inake atirikta unake zatAdhika lekhoM, kahAniyoM, sampAdakIya AlekhoM, pustakIya samIkSAoM aura AkAzavANI-vArtAoM ne jana-mAnasa ko Andolita kiyaa| unake pravacanoM meM sambodhana evaM udgAra bar3e marmasparzI hote the| vidyArthiyoM evaM zodhArthiyoM ke lie unake dvArA aharniza khule rahate the| prAta: 4.00 baje se rAtri zayanaparyanta unakA samaya prAya: adhyayana-adhyApana meM hI vyatIta hotA thaa| unakI AvazyakatAyeM itanI alpa thIM ki ve hRdaya kholakara apane ziSyoM ko jJAna ke sAtha-sAtha artha se bhI sahayoga karate the| dAkSiNAtya dArzanika vidvAn evaM rAjasthAna meM saMskRta zikSA nidezAlaya ke saMsthApaka nidezaka sva0 zrI ke mAdhavakRSNana ke zabdoM meM--"paM0 cainasukhadAsa jI RgvedakAlIna Adarza zikSaka the|" zikSA ke kSetra meM kI gaI unakI viziSTa sevAoM ke phalasvarUpa bhArata sarakAra ne unheM rASTrIya zreSTha zikSaka puraskAra se sammAnita kiyA, jo na kevala jayapura, apitu rAjasthAna prAnta ke kisI zikSaka ko pahalI bAra prApta sammAna thaa| unakA akhila bhAratIya stara ke vidvAnoM evaM santoM se nikaTa kA saMbaMdha thA, unameM paM0 darabArIlAla koThiyA, paM0 satyabhakta, paM0 candrazekhara dvivedI (purI ke zaMkarAcArya), bauddha vidvAn bhadanta Ananda kausalyAyana, yazapAla, jainendrakumAra, pro0 pravINacanda, AcArya tulasI, AcArya hastImala, RSabhadAsa rAMkA, AcArya nAneza Adi pramukha haiN| aneka sAdhu-saMtoM ko 00 76 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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Apane jaina - nyAya kA adhyayana bhI karAyA / svataMtratA prApti ke bAda anya kSetroM ke vikAsa kI bhA~ti pUjya paMDita sAhaba ne jaina samAja ke bhI vikAsa kI AvazyakatA anubhava kI / unhoMne samAja hita kI dRSTi se jaina samAja ko nimna cAra AyAma pradAna kiye, jo Aja nirantara pragati kI ora agrasara haiM -- eka, rAjasthAna ke digambara jaina mandiroM ke zAstra - bhaNDAroM meM saMgRhIta varSoM se asUryaMpazya grantha-rAzi ke sAra-saMbhAla, sUcIkaraNa, prakAzana evaM unake ajJAta evaM mahattvapUrNa tathyoM ke anveSaNa hetu digambara jaina atizaya kSetra, zrImahAvIrajI kI prabandha samiti ko anusaMdhAna-vibhAga prArambha karane evaM nirdhana chAtroM tathA asahAya vidhavAoM ko Arthika sahAyatA dene kI preraNA dii| jo Aja kramaza: 'jainavidyA - saMsthAna' aura 'apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI' tathA 'chAtravRtti - yojanA' ke nAma se kalpavRkSa kA rUpa le cuke haiN| dUsarA, pAkSika patrikA 'vIravANI' kA prakAzana, jisake dvArA navIna zodhapUrNa AlekhoM, sAmAjika-dhArmika gatividhiyoM evaM anya stambhoM se samAja ko jAgRta karane hetu paM0 bhaMvaralAla nyAyatIrtha ko preraNA dii| isa patrikA ne pacAsa varSa ke kAla-khaNDa meM aneka zodhapUrNa-vizeSAMka bhI prakAzita kiye jo sandarbha grantha bane haiM 1 tIsarA, sAmAjika saMgaThana kI dRSTi se 'rAjasthAna jaina sabhA' ke maMca se samAja ko saMgaThita kara dazalakSaNa parva, kSamAvANI parva, mahAvIra jayantI kA vRhad Ayojana evaM 'mahAvIra jayantI smArikA' kA prakAzana Adi sAMskRtika kAryakramoM ko suvyavasthita kiyA / caturtha, 'rAjasthAna jaina sAhitya pariSad' kA gaThana kara vidvAnoM ko eka maMca pradAna kiyA aura unheM jaina sAhitya ke adhyayana, anveSaNa evaM lekhana kI ora pravRtta kiyA, jo Aja bhI prati varSa zrutapaMcamI ke Ayojana ke rUpa meM gatimAna hai / ve svayaM isa pariSada ke prathama adhyakSa evaM bAda meM saMrakSaka rhe| unake samaya meM eka zodhapUrNa patrikA bhI prakAzi huI / 1 1 paMDita jI sAhaba lokeSaNA se kosoM dUra rahate the / AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI ne unheM 'kapar3e se Dha~ke muni kI saMjJA dI / ' prasiddha dArzanika vidvAn DaoN0 darabArIlAla jI koThiyA ne likhA-- "paM0 ToDaramalajI ke bAda nirbhIka, prabhAvI vidvAn jayapura meM paM0 cainasukhadAsa jI huye, jinhoMne samAja ko prabuddha kiyA / " * jainadarzana ke aise vizruta vidvAn paM0 cainasukhadAsa jI nyAyatIrtha ke sAhityika, sAmAjika, zaikSaNika evaM dhArmika avadAna ke prati kRtajJatA - jJApana - hetu jayapura jainasamAja kI pratinidhi sabhA ne unake sauveM janma-varSa para vividha kAryakramoM ke sAtha janma-zatAbdI samAroha manAne kA nirNaya liyA hai / bhArata sarakAra ne isa varSa ko 'saMskRta varSa ' ke rUpa meM ghoSita kiyA hai| nizcita hI isa varSa meM pUjya paMDita jI sAhaba dvArA kI gaI saMskRta-sevA kA bhI mUlyAMkana hogA / prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca 2000 00 77

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siddhArtha kA lADalA (bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2500veM nirvANotsava ke zubha prasaMga para nirmita) -jayacanda jaina, meraTha (u0pra0) kaba gayA? sardI kA mausama thA, kahA~ gayA? havA tIkSNa thI, teja thI, ka~pA rahI thI, kidhara gayA? ghanaghora vana thA, vaha siddhArtha kA laaddlaa| hiMsaka pazuoM kA vicaraNa thA, saritA kA taTa thA, vIra thA, saritA meM thI lahareM, gambhIra thA, taTa para khar3e hue vRkSa ke nIce baiThA huA vaha kyA use kisI vastu kI thI kamI? vIra thaa| kamI nahIM thI bandhuo ! dhyAna lagAye rAja kA koSa bhI thA bharA huA, apane hI kalyANa ke lie nahIM; unake rAjya kA bhI bar3A vistAra thA, balki vizva ke kalyANa ke lie kintu usake to mana meM hI pUrNa vairAgya thA, Aja prabhAta se na jAne kahA~ gayA? baiThA huA nagna thA, kara rahA mukti kA yatna thA kidhara gayA? vaha siddhArtha kA laaddlaa| vaha siddhArtha kA laaddlaa| . itane meM Damaka-Damaka DamarU bajA, idhara DhU~DhA, udhara DhU~DhA, bijalI kauMdhI, milA? nA milaa| bAdala garaje, milA joroM se tUphAna calA; jahA~ rAtri thI, candra thA, cA~danI thI, aisI garajana, tAroM se AcchAdita gagana thA, aisI tar3akana, cala rahI sugama pavana thI, Dara lagatA hai| 0078 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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Daro nahIM bandhuo ! indra saparivAra claa| lo, vINA ke tAra baje, ghugharana kI jhaMkAra bajI, tAMDava ke saba sAja saje, lo Damaka-Damaka DamarU bajA; karatAla bajI, suratAla bajI, sAraMgI kI rAga bajI, indra bhI bhUla cukA thA apane ko aisI vahA~ sura-sAraMga bajI, phira thiraka-thiraka saba aMga hile, A~kheM maTakI, palakeM maTakI maTaka-maTaka kara pA~va hile| mIThA jaba ye rAga sunA, mana bhakti kA tUphAna banA, phira merI a~khiyoM ne mIThI aMgar3AI lI, ve kho gaI thIM mIThe sapanoM meM, unhoMne samA liyA thA apane ko apane meN| phira sUraja nikalA, rajanI bhAgI, tAre soye, duniyA jAgI; duniyA ke saMga maiM bhI jAgA, kintu maiMne pAyA kyA? vo saritA kA taTa sUnA pAyA, phira mukha se mere nikala par3Akaba gayA, kahA~ gayA? vaha siddhArtha kA laaddlaa| vaizAlI aura mahAvIra sunA, yahIM utpanna huA thA kisI samaya vaha rAjakumAra / tyAga diye the jisane jaga ke bhoga-vilAsa, sAja-zRMgAra / / jisake nirmala jaina dharma kA deza-deza meM huA pracAra / tIrthaMkara jisa mahAvIra ke yaza aba bhI gAtA saMsAra / / hai pavitratA bharI huI isa vimala bhUmi ke kaNa-kaNa meM / mata kaha, kyA-kyA huA yahA~ isa vaizAlI ke A~gana meM / / -(sAbhAra Homage to Vaisali) jaina vidvAnoM se apIla "ai jainI paMDito ! yaha jainadharma Apa hI ke AdhIna hai| isakI rakSA kIjiye, dyoti (prakAza) phailAiye, sote huoM ko jagAiye aura tana-mana-dhana se paropakAra aura zuddhAcAra lAne kI koziza kIjiye, jisase ApakA yaha loka aura paraloka - donoM sudhreN|" / --bra0 zItala prasAda jI (hindI 'jaina gajaTa', 24 maI san 1896 I0 ke aMka meM prakAzita lekha kA aMza) (sAbhAra uddhRta, jaina jAgaraNa ke agradUta', pRSTha 29) prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 1079

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bhaTTAraka- paramparA evaM eka namra nivedana - nAthUlAla jaina zAstrI dakSiNa ke zravaNabelagolA, mUDabidrI, kArakala, hummaca, mahArASTra meM kAraMjA, malakheDa, lAtUra, kolhApura, jintUra, nAMdeDa, devagiri, nAgapura, asAgAMva tathA rAjasthAna meM nAgora, pratApagar3ha, jayapura, ajamera, RSabhadeva, cittaur3a, pratApagar3ha, mAnapura, jerahaTa, sAgavAr3A, mahuA, DUMgarapura, aura ma0pra0 meM indaura, gvAliyara, sonAgira meM bhaTTArakoM kA kendra tathA navArI, bhaDauca, khaMbhAta, ghoghA Adi meM inakA prabhAva thA / inake balAtkAragaNa, senagaNa, lAr3avA, sojitrA, naMdI, mAthura, kASThA, dezIya, drAviDa Adi gaNa- gaccha the / bhaTTAraka-paramparA navama zatAbdI se prAraMbha hokara lagabhaga terahavIM sadI meM sthira huI hai| zrutasAgara sUri ke anusAra basaMtakIrti dvArA yaha prathA AraMbha kI gaI / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke 683 varSa taka zrutadhara AcArya-paramparA kA itihAsa upalabdha hai| samrAT khAravela (pUrva vi0saM0 160 ) dvArA zrutasaMrakSaNa evaM sarasvatI - AMdolana kiye jAne para uttara bhArata meM duSkAla ke pazcAt dakSiNa se Aye hue digambarAcArya guNadhara, zrI kundakunda, AcArya dharasena ke ziSya zrI puSpadaMta, zrI bhUtabali ne pUrva mukhAgra zruta ko smRti anusAra zAstra - nibaddha kiyA / isIprakAra zvetAMbara - sampradAya dvArA bhI Agama ko unake anusAra pustakArUr3ha kiyA gyaa| isakI carcA maiMne apanI navIna pustaka 'mUlasaMgha aura usakA prAcIna sAhitya' meM vistAra se kI hai| sAdhuoM ke AcAra-vicAra meM dhIre-dhIre zithilatA Ane se vi0saM0 136 meM spaSTa rUpa meM sampradAya-bheda ho gayA / digambara muniyoM meM bhI Adarza aura vizAla dRSTi kama hokara saMrakSaNa aura sampradAya kI pravRtti bar3ha gaI / vikAsazIlatA aura vyApakatA kA dRSTikoNa nahIM rhaa| phalasvarUpa bhaTTAraka-sampradAya utpanna huA / yaha saba munisaMgha meM hI huaa| muslima rAjya meM paristhitivaza vastra dhAraNa kI prathA ko bala milaa| sAtha hI hama gRhasthoM kA sahayoga bhI rahA / hama hI ne pUjA-pATha aura AvAsa hetu maTha, kheta aura maMdira Adi samarpita kiye, jinake svAmitva kA unheM avasara milA / hama logoM ne apavAda-mArga ke rUpa meM unheM mAnyatA de dI / inakI maryAdAtIta pravRtti kA virodha jayapura, AgarA Adi ke vidvAnoM ne bAda meM kiyaa| isase uttara prAMtoM meM yaha prathA banda - sI ho gaI / digambaratva to pUjya usa samaya bhI thA, isI kAraNa 'bhaTTAraka pada' ke liye prathama prAkRtavidyA + janavarI-mArca 2000 80

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hI nagna digambara avasthA dhAraNa kI jAtI thii| 'yApanIya' (zvetAmbara) ko chor3akara ye bhaTTAraka kASThA, drAviDa, mAthura Adi digambara-paramparAoM ke antargata hI haiN| digambara dIkSA-paTTAbhiSeka ke antargata svayaM ko mAnate haiM, unake sahasroM digambara gRhastha bhI aisA hI mAnate haiN| isalie kamaMDalu (sonA-cA~dI) ke sAtha vizeSa chatra, cAmara, gAdI, pAlakI va bahumUlya vastra tathA mayUra kI, balAka kI, gRddha kI picchI rakhate haiM tathA kucha apane gaNa-gaccha ke anusAra va binA picchI bhI rahate haiN| bar3I saMkhyA meM maMdira-mUrtiyoM kI paMcakalyANaka pratiSThA, cAroM anuyogoM ke saikar3oM graMthoM kI racanA, tIrthayAtrA, yaMtra-maMtra kA camatkAra, zAsakoM para prabhAva Adi meM inakI vizeSa prasiddhi hai| hamAre zAstra-bhaNDAroM meM inake hI pUrva digambarAcAryoM ke nAma se tathA svayaM bhaTTArakoM ke dvArA likhita graMtha vidyamAna hai| katipaya graMthoM meM vaidika-paramparA ke kriyAkAMDa sammilita hai| dakSiNa zravaNabelagolA meM vividha lokahitakArI saMsthAoM ke nirmAtA mahAn vidvAn bhaTTAraka bhI vidyamAna haiN| anyatra kolhApura, hummaca, mUDabidrI, RSabhadeva Adi sthAnoM para hI bhaTTAraka abhI haiN| sAgavAr3A (rAja0) meM prAcIna zrI sakalakIrti bhaTTAraka kI khAlI gAdI para Apa (A0 yogIndrasAgara) virAjamAna honA cAhate haiM, yaha patra-patrikAoM meM AlocanAoM-sahita samAcAra prakAzita hai| nivedana hai ki usa gAdI para kisI yogya bramhacArI vidvAn ko baiThA deveM aura Apa apane ucca digambaratva ke pada ko surakSita rakhate hue yazasvI bneN| ApakA pada bahuta U~cA hai| 'bhaTTAraka-pada' Apake liye munipada kA avamUlyana hai| Apa gRhasthAvasthA se 'bhaTTAraka-pada' kI dIkSA lete, to usakA virodha nahIM hotA; kyoMki Apake bhakta sAgavAr3A va AsapAsa ke jainAjaina hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM hai| phira digambara bhI jaisA Apa cAhate haiM, Apa raha sakate the| kintu 'digambara muni-pada' kI dIkSA lekara nirgrantha se sagraMtha honA zobhanIya nhiiN| 'bhaTTAraka-pada' para cAhe Apa digambara raheM; kiMtu sagraMtha-parigraha ke kAraNa yaha Apake vartamAna pada se nIcA pada hai| AzA hai Apa mere namra nivedana para dhyAna dete huye apane vartamAna pada ke vrata ko bhaMga nahIM kareMge, kyoMki isase Apa vratabhaMga kA phala durgati kA kAraNa banegeM aura Apako apakIrti kA bhAgI honA pdd'egaa| thor3e-se manuSya jIvana meM maryAdA meM paropakAra ke sAtha svopakAra karate hue Atmahita meM samaya vyatIta karanA hI zreyaskara hai| ApakA hama logoM para vizvAsa hai| hama loga bhI Apako parama vidvAn, prabhAvaka pravaktA evaM vaMdanIya mAnate haiN| vizvAsa hai ki hamArA anurodha kabhI nahIM ttlegaa| sAdhu ko svapna meM bhI azubha bhAva nahIM hote bhAratIya zramaNa-darzana meM nIMda meM bhI AMzika samAdhi-sI mAnI gayI hai| yAnI AMzika | zuddhopayoga sAdhu ke liye sAdhanA meM varadAna siddha hogaa| prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 40 81

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bhaTTAraka-paramparA -DaoN0 jayakumAra upAdhye jaba loka meM koI sainika apane deza kI rakSA karate huye zahIda hotA hai, to usake sarvocca adhikArI evaM rASTrAdhyakSa bhI usake smAraka ke sammukha vinamra hokara natamastaka hote haiM; ve yaha vicAra nahIM karate ki usa sainika kA raiMka yA stara kyA thA?' kyoMki unake liye sabase bar3I mahattA deza kI rakSA ke liye prANa nyauchAvara karanA hotI hai| taba jinhoMne jainaAgama-graMthoM evaM sampUrNa saMskRti kI rakSA ke liye apanA jIvana samarpita kiyA aura jinakI yazasvI paramparA rahI, una logoM ke liye samAja kyoM kRtajJa nahIM ho? yaha vicAraNIya Alekha isI bhAvanA se prabuddha pAThakoM ke mananArtha yahA~ prastuta hai| -sampAdaka yadyapi digambara jaina AmnAya meM muni, AryikA, ailaka, kSullaka, kSullikA, zrAvaka evaM zrAvikA ke atirikta koI anya pada mUlata: svIkRta nahIM hai; tathApi bhaTTAraka' kA pada ina sabake atirikta hote huye bhI zatAbdiyoM se calA A rahA hai| ye vastuta: na to zrAvaka (gRhastha) the, aura na hI muni / na to inheM digambaratva ke abhAva meM 'nirgrantha' yA 'anagAra' kahA jA sakatA thA aura gRhasthI evaM saMsAracakra meM na par3e hone se inheM pUrNata: 'sAgAra' bhI nahIM kaha sakate haiN| ___ inake dvArA jaina-paramparA meM 'mandira' evaM 'makAna' ke bIca kI bhI eka anya sthiti pracalita huI, jise 'maTha' saMjJA dI gyii| yaha saMskRti spaSTata: saMkramaNa-yuga kI dena thii| jaba jAti-dveSa kI prabala A~dhI ne aviveka kA rUpa dhAraNa kara liyA aura jainoM ke graMtha suniyojitarUpa se naSTa kiye jAne lage, taba 'maThoM' kI saMskRti kA sUtrapAta huaa| ye maTha zAstroM ke saMrakSaNa evaM jJAnArAdhanA ke kendra hote the| isIlie isa maThIya saMskRti ko saMkramaNa-yuga kI dena kahA jAtA hai| ina maThoM meM zAstra-saMrakSaNa, unake pratilipikaraNa, unake adhyayana evaM adhyApana Adi kI vyavasthA ko dekhane ke lie eka aisA vyaktitva apekSita thA, jo saMsAra meM anAsakta rahakara mAtra jinavANI kI sevA evaM saMrakSaNa meM apanA jIvana samarpita kara ske| kyoMki yadi vaha saMsAra ke jhaMjhaToM meM ulajhA rahegA, to samarpita hokara zAstrasevA evaM saMrakSaNa kA dAyitva usa vikaTa saMkrAntikAla meM nahIM saMbhAla sakatA thaa| tathA zramaNacaryA kI pratibaddhatAoM ke 00 82 prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000

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kAraNa koI bhI zramaNa aisA dAyitva nibhA nahIM sakatA thaa| sAtha hI use agAdha pANDitya ke sAtha-sAtha zrutabhaktiyukta prabala jijJAsA bhI apekSita thI, anyathA vaha zruta kA saMrakSaNa saMvardhana vastutaH nahIM kara sakatA thaa| isake binA vaha kaise to svayaM zAstra par3hatA, kaise dUsaroM ko par3hAtA, kaise zuddha pratilipi karatA aura kaise unheM sajaga rahakara vivekapUrvaka saMrakSita rakhatA? - ye saba behada kaThina dAyitva the / isalie saMsAra se virakta citta, agAdha vaiduSya dhanI evaM jinamArga kI vyApaka prabhAvanA kI utkaTa abhilASA rakhane vAle vyavasthA - nipuNa vyakti ko aise maThoM kA 'maThAdhIza' yA 'bhaTTAraka' banAyA gyaa| inake bAre meM AcArya indranandi likhate haiM "sarvazAstrakalAbhijJo nAnAgacchAbhivardhakaH / mahAtmanA prabhAvI, 'bhaTTAraka' itISyate / / " - (nItisAra, 19 ) artha - jo sabhI AgamazAstroM aura kalAoM ke jJAtA hote haiM, mUlasaMgha ke anekoM gaNa-gacchoM ke abhivardhaka evaM mahAn dharmaprabhAvaka hote haiM; ve hI 'bhaTTAraka' kahalAte haiN| vaise to svayaM jinendra paramAtmA ko 'bhaTTAraka' saMjJA se abhihita kiyA gayA hai-- "bhaTTAn paNDitAn Arayati prerayati syAdvAdaparIkSArthamiti bhttttaark|" - (jinasahasranAma 3/32, pR0 70 ) artha:- 'bhaTTa' arthAt vidvAnoM ko Apa syAdvAda kI parIkSA ke liye prerita karate haiM, ata: (he jinendra bhagavAn !) Apa 'bhaTTAraka' kahalAte haiN| 'bhaTTa' zabda vidvAnvAcI rahA hai, ataeva hamAre dhuraMdhara AcAryoM ke nAma ke sAtha bhI isa zabda kA prayoga huA hai / yathA - AcArya bhaTTa akalaMkadeva, AcArya ugrabhUti bhaTTa, AcArya vyAghrabhUti bhaTTa, AcArya chucchuka bhaTTa, AcArya jagaddhara bhaTTa ( inhoMne kAtaMtra vyAkaraNa para bhASya, nyAsa tathA vRtti Adi aneka TIkAyeM likhI haiM) Adi nAma bhI isa upAdhi se alaMkRta rahe haiN| ina bhaTTArakoM ke maThoM meM sAmAnyataH vidyAbhyAsI chAtroM ke adhyayana-adhyApana kI vizeSa vyavasthA hotI thI, isalie 'maTha' kI paribhASA prasiddha huI-- "maTha: chAtrAdinilayaH / " arthAt jahA~ para chAtra Adi rahakara vidyAbhyAsa evaM jJAnaprabhAvanA ke kArya karate hoM, vaha 'maTha' kahalAtA hai| ise 'jJAna kA maMdira' hone se 'vatthusAra' nAmaka graMtha meM 'maMdira' kI saMjJA bhI dI gayI hai-- " maThaM maMdiraM ti" - ( vatthusAra, 129 ) bhaTTArakoM se adhiSThita ina jJAnapIThoM (maThoM) kI paramparA kA pravartana san 720 I0 meM dillI meM huA tathA inakI mUlapITha bhI dillI meM hI bnii| phira isakI upapIThoM ke rUpa meM zAkhAyeM-prazAkhAyeM sAre deza meM sthApita hotIM gyiiN| ina sabake dvArA zruta ke saMrakSaNa, saMvardhana ke sAtha-sAtha tattvapracAra-prasAra kA mahanIya kArya calatA rahA; isIlie zAstrokta na hote bhI inakI sAmAjika mAnyatA evaM mahattA niraMtara banI rahI, bar3hatI rahI / prAkRtavidyA + janavarI-mArca 2000 83

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Aja jo hamAre kasAyapAhuDa, chakkhaMDAgamasutta (SaTkhaNDAgamasUtra) aura kundakunda-sAhitya sadRza mUla Agamagrantha surakSita milate haiM, unakI surakSA kA mUla evaM ekamAtra kAraNa ye 'maTha' evaM inake 'bhaTTAraka' rahe haiN| kalpanA kareM ki yadi inakA saMrakSaNa nahIM hotA, to digambara jaina samAja kA svarUpa evaM astitva hI saMkaTagrasta ho jaataa| ina bhaTTArakoM ne jahA~ apane prabaMdhakauzala se AtatAIyoM se hamAre dharmagranthoM kI surakSA kI, vahIM apanI pratibhA ke bala para inakA adhyayana-adhyApana saMcAlita kiyaa| prAya: sabhI bhaTTAraka pratibhA se bharapUra evaM bhadrapariNAmI hI huye haiM, ata: dharmaprabhAvanA meM inakA yogadAna atulanIya rhaa| isI se prabhAvita hokara samAja ne bhI inheM prabhUta Adara-sammAna pradAna kiyaa| ___Aja yadi kisI ApavAdika ghaTanA yA bAta ke kAraNa sampUrNa bhaTTAraka-paramparA ko hI yadi koI lAMchita yA tiraskRta karanA cAhatA hai, to vaha kitanI bar3I bhUla kara rahA haiyaha vicAra lenA caahiye| jahA~ hamAre yahA~ aise AcArya haye, jinhoMne pratidina dasa-pA~ca logoM ko jainadharma meM dIkSita kiye binA AhAra taka nahIM liyA; jina lohAcArya ne agravAloM ko jainadharma meM dIkSita kiyaa| aise mahAn AcAryoM kI paramparA se puSTa digambara jaina AmnAya meM utpanna hokara yadi koI aise saMskArI digaMbara jaina kI avahelanA/tiraskAra Adi karatA hai, to use vicAra lenA cAhiye ki vaha kitanA paramparA-viruddha kArya kara rahA hai| hamAre AcArya to yahA~ taka likhate haiM "saguNo nirguNo vApi zrAvako manyate sdaa| nAvajJA kriyate tasya tanmUlA dhrmvrtnaa||" -(AcArya indranandi, nItisAra, 88) arthAt eka sAmAnya zrAvaka vaha guNavAn ho yA guNahIna, usakA sadaiva sammAna hI karanA cAhiye; kabhI bhI usakA apamAna nahIM karanA cAhiye, kyoMki dharma kI prabhAvanA inhIM ke AdhAra se hogii| arthAt sIkheMge bhI ye hI, tathA sIkhane-sikhAne meM mUla yogadAna bhI ye hI deNge| prAcInakAla meM AdibrahmA tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke pautra evaM cakravartI bharata ke putra mArIca ne ina sabakI upasthiti meM sAMkhya Adi matoM kA pravartana kiyA; to bharata ne cakravartI hote hue bhI use pratibaMdhita nahIM kiyA thA, jabaki vaha to jinadharma ke virodha meM jhaMDA U~cA kara rahA thaa| to ye 'bhaTTAraka' to jinadharma kA virodha bhI nahIM karate haiM, ata: inakA niSedha kyoM kiyA jA rahA hai? hA~ ! itanA avazya hai ki dharma kI maryAdA ke viruddha yadi koI vyakti 'bhaTTAraka' pada para AsIna hokara usakA durupayoga kara rahA hai, to vaha nizcaya hI usakA vaiyaktika doSa hai; na ki sampUrNa bhaTTAraka-paramparA kaa| ata: isa lekha ke mAdhyama se una jinadharma kI maryAdA ke viruddha AcaraNa karanevAloM kA poSaNa yA samarthana kadApi nahIM samajhanA caahiye| kiMtu mAtra virodha ke lie virodha karanA zobhanIya nahIM hai| tathA nirgrantha muni pada chor3akara lokaiSaNA evaM zithilAcAra ke poSaNa ke lie bhI bhaTTAraka banane kA yahA~ samarthana nahIM hai| kiMtu jisa bhaTTAraka-paramparA 40 84 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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ne eka jinadharma-rakSaNa kA itihAsa banAyA hai, usake yogadAna kI upekSA bhI sahanIya nahIM hai / bahuta varSa pahile kI bAta hai, dillI meM eka vizAla jaina dhArmika samAroha ho rahA thaa| anekoM zreSThIgaNa evaM vidvAn Aye huye the| taba eka supratiSThita vicAraka zrImanta ne prazna kiyA thA ki "Aja laMgoTI kholate hI vyakti kI sArI samAja usakI pUjA karane lagatI hai, use hAthoMhAtha rakhatI hai; jabaki vidvAnoM ko koI nahIM pUchatA hai| vastutaH to dharmaprabhAvanA meM pichalI zatAbdiyoM se paMDitapravara AzAdhara jI, pAMDe rAjamalla jI, paM0 banArasIdAsa jI, paM0 ToDaramala jI, kavivara daulatarAma jI, ratnAkara varNI, paM0 bhAgacaMda jI, dyAnatarAya jI, sadAsukhadAsa jI kAsalIvAla evaM bhUdharadAsa jI jaise vidvAnoM kA sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rahA hai| aura Aja bhI guru gopAladAsa jI baraiyA, bhaTTAraka pUjya nemisAgara varNI, pUjya gaNeza prasAda jI varNI Adi mahAmanISiyoM dvArA pravartita vidvatparaMparA jo dharmaprabhAvanA kara rahI hai; kyA samAja ne isakI koI kImata kI hai ? " yaha eka yakSaprazna thA, jo Aja bhI vicAraNIya hai tathA kyA Aja samAja isakA uttara dene meM samartha hai ? maiM isa sandarbha meM eka ghaTanA ( 1924 I0) kA ullekha karanA cAhatA hU~ / mahArASTra prAnta ke auraMgAbAda jile meM paThAnoM ne jainoM ko balapUrvaka musalamAna banAne kA nizcaya kiyaa| taba do-cAra jaina bhAgakara kolhApura ke maTha meM gaye aura tatkAlIna svastizrI lakSmIsena bhaTTAraka jI se rakSA kI vinatI kii| taba ve bhaTTAraka zrI kudale jI nAmaka vidvAn ko sAtha lekara auraMgAbAda gaye tathA itihAsa, saMskRti evaM paramparA ke pramANoM ko batAkara jainadharma kI prAcInatA evaM svataMtratA siddha kii| unakI bAtoM kA paThAnoM para bahuta prabhAva huA, aura vaha dharmAntaraNa ruka gyaa| hameM apane itihAsa kA evaM apanI paramparA kA jJAna rakhanA cAhiye, isase hamArI dRSTi vyApaka banatI hai evaM kSudra udvegoM meM Akara hama kisI para AkSepa nahIM karate haiM / jo vyakti apanI jAti ke itihAsa evaM mahApuruSoM ke yazasvI kAryoM kI paramparA se anabhijJa hote haiM, ve hI aise yadvA-tavA vaktavya dete haiM ki "bhaTTAraka nahIM hone cAhiye, amuka nahIM hone cAhie, tamuka ThIka nahIM hai, use banda kara do" - ityAdi / "svajAti - pUrvajAnAntu yo na jAnAti paricaya: / nItivacana hai ki - sa bhaved puMzcalI - putraH syAt pitRvedhakaH / / " hamAre itihAsa para dRSTi DAleM, to pArzvanAtha svAmI huye, jinhoMne hAthI se utarakara maraNAsanna viSaile nAga-nAgina ko 'NamokAra maMtra' sunAyA / jIvaMdhara svAmI ne apane rAjasI vaibhava kI paravAha kiye binA rugNa kutte ko 'NamokAra maMtra' sunAkara usakI pariNati sudhArI / aisI udAra vicAradhArA vAle jainadharma meM hokara bhI tor3a-phor3a kI mAnasikatA kaise bardAzta kI jA sakatI hai? hameM "mata ThukarAo, gale lagAo, dharma sikhAo" kI paramparA ko nahIM chor3anA hai tathA jo sAdharmI haiM, unheM dharmamArga meM dRr3ha banAye rakhakara anya ko bhI dharmamArga meM lagAnA hai / prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000 85

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apabhraMza ke 'kaDavaka-chanda' kA svarUpa-vikAsa -pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina zabdoM kA sambandha kisI eka vyakti se nahIM hai| sAmAjika sambandhoM ke mUlyanirdhAraNa meM upayogI hone ke kAraNa inakA sambandha mAnavamAtra se hai| jisaprakAra Arthika mUlyoM kA saMcAlana sikkoM dvArA hotA hai, usIprakAra sAmAjika sambandhoM kA nirvAha zabdoM dvaaraa| zabda chanda kA rUpa dhAraNakara viSayIgata bhAvAbhivyakti karake saMgIta kA kArya sampanna karate haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki prakRti kI pAThazAlA meM baiThakara manuSya ne jabase gunagunAne kA kArya Arambha kiyA, tabhI se chanda kI utpatti huii| __ 'chanda' zabda kI vyutpatti 'chad' dhAtu se mAnI gaI hai, jisakA artha 'AvRtta karane' yA 'rakSita karane' ke sAtha prasanna karanA' bhI hotA hai| 'nighaNTra' meM prasanna karane ke artha meM eka 'chand' dhAtu bhI upalabdha hotI hai| kucha vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki 'chanda' kI utpatti isI 'chanda' dhAtu se huI hai| bhAratIya-vAGmaya meM 'chanda' ko vedAMga' mAnA gayA hai aura unheM veda kA caraNa kahA hai| maharSi pANini ne IsvI san ke lagabhaga 500 varSa pUrva hI "chanda: pAdau tu vedasya" kI ghoSaNA kI thii| vRhadevatA' meM kahA gayA hai ki "jo vyakti chanda ke utAra-car3hAva ko binA jAne hI veda kA adhyayana karatA rahatA hai, vaha pApI hai|" yathA- "AviditvA RSichando daivataM yogameva c| yo'dhyApayejjapet vApi pApIyAn jAyate tu sa: / / " para chandazAstra kI vyavasthita paramparA AcArya piMgala ke chandasUtra se prApta hotI hai| anAdikAla se hI mAnava chanda kA Azraya lekara apane jJAna ko sthAyI aura anyagrAhya banAne kA prayatna karatA A rahA hai| chanda, tAla, tuka aura svara samasta mAnava-samAja ko spandanazIla banAte haiN| saMvedanazIlatA utpanna karAne meM chanda se bar3hakara anya koI sAdhana nahIM hai| isI sAdhana ke bala se manuSya ne apanI AzA-AkAMkSA evaM anurAga-virAga ko eka vyakti se dUsare vyakti taka, eka pIr3hI se dUsarI pIr3hI taka aura eka yuga se dUsare yuga taka preSita kiyA hai| vaidika-sAhitya meM prayukta gAyatrI, anuSTup, bRhatI, paMkti, triSTup aura jagatI chanda pramukha haiN| laukika saMskRta meM to varNika aura mAtrika donoM hI prakAra ke chandoM kA vividha rUpa meM prayoga huA hai| isa chanda-vaividhya ke bIca bhI saMskRta 0086 prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000

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meM 'anuSTup' chanda itanA prasiddha rahA hai ki vaha padya kA paryAyavAcI hI bana gyaa| saMskRta-bhASA kI prakRti ke anusAra 'anuSTup' vaha chanda hai, jo pratyeka prakAra ke bhAva ko vyakta karane meM sakSama haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki karuNa, vIra, zrRMgAra, vilAsa, vaibhava, anurAga, virAga prabhRti vibhinna prakAra kI abhivyaMjanA isa choTe se chanda meM pAI jAtI hai| IsApUrva 6-7vIM sadI se hI lokabhASAoM ne jaba kAvya kA Asana grahaNa kiyA, taba bhAva-laya ke sAdhana 'chanda' meM bhI parivartana huaa| yoM to vaidika-kAla meM hI gAthA-chanda kA astitva thaa| Rgveda meM 'gAthA' zabda 'chanda' aura 'AkhyAna' ina donoM hI arthoM meM prayukta hai| para yaha gAthA-chanda prAkRta kA vaha nijI chanda banA, jo anurAga-virAga evaM harSa-viSAda Adi sabhI prakAra ke bhAvoM kI abhivyaMjanA ke liye pUrNa sazakta hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki pravarasena-(dvitIya), vAkpatirAja aura kutUhala jaise kaviyoM ne prema, zRMgAra, yuddha evaM janmotsava Adi kA varNana isI chanda meM kiyA hai| vAkpatirAja ne apane 'gauDavahIM nAmaka kAvya meM Adyanta 'gAthA chanda' kA hI prayoga kiyA hai| ataeva spaSTa hai ki prAkRta ke kaviyoM kI dRSTi se sabhI prakAra kI bhAvanAoM kI abhivyaMjanA isa eka chanda meM bhI saMbhava hai| __ prAkRta ke pazcAt I0 san kI chaThavIM sadI se hI jaba apabhraMza ne kAvya-bhASA kA Asana grahaNa kiyA, to dohA' chanda 'anuSTup' ke tRtIya saMskaraNa aura 'gAthA' ke dvitIya saMskaraNa ke rUpa meM upasthita huaa| yaha dohA-chanda' mAtrika chanda hai aura mAtrika-chandoM kA sarvaprathama prayoga prAkRta meM prArambha huaa| isakA pradhAna kAraNa yaha hai ki mAtrika-chandoM ke bIja loka-gItoM meM pAye jAte haiN| saMgIta ko rAginI dene ke liye mAtrika-chanda hI upayukta hote haiN| tuka kA milanA hI saMgIta meM laya utpanna karatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki sama aura viSama caraNoM meM tuka milAne kI paddhati saMgIta ke liye vizeSa priya huii| dohA chanda, jisameM ki dUsare aura cauthe caraNa meM tuka milatI hai, apabhraMza ke liye atyadhika priya rahA hai| jitanA bhI prAcIna apabhraMza-sAhitya hai, vaha saba dohoM meM likhA huA hI milatA hai| kaDavaka-paddhati kA AvirbhAva kaba aura kaise huA, isa sambandha meM nizcita rUpa se kucha kahA nahIM jA sktaa| mahAkavi svayambhU ne apane riThThaNemicariu' kI utthAnikA meM pUrvavartI zAstrakAroM aura kaviyoM ke prati kRtajJatA jJApita karate hue kahA hai-- chaDDaNiya duvai dhuvaehiM jaDiya caumuheNa samappiya paddhaDiyA -(riTTha0 1/2/11) ____ arthAt kavi caumuha ne 'duvaI' aura 'dhruvakoM' se jar3A huA 'paddhar3iyA-chanda' samarpita kiyaa| isa ullekha se itanA spaSTa hai ki caumuha kavi ne 'dhuvaka' aura 'duvaI' ke mela se paddhar3iyA-chanda kA prayoga kiyA hai| apabhraMza ke prabandha-kAvya meM vyavahRta 'kaDavaka' isI paddhar3iyA-chanda kA vikasita rUpa hai| AlaMkArikoM ne 'sarga: kaDavakAbhidhaH' - (sAhityadarpaNa, 6/327) kahakara kaDavakoM ko 'sarga' kA sUcaka mAnA hai| saMskRta kA sargaH' zabda prAkRta prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 4087

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meM AzvAsa banA aura yahI apabhraMza meM Akara kaDavaka bana gyaa| parantu vicAra karane se jJAtA hotA hai ki katipaya apabhraMza-granthoM meM sarga ke sthAna para sandhi yA pariccheda zabda kA vyavahAra huA hai, ata: kaDavakoM ko 'sarga' mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| 'mahAkAvya' meM 'sarga' kA ThIka vahI mahattva hai, jo nATaka meM 'aMka' kaa| nATaka kA 'aMka' kathA ke kisI nizcita bindu para samApta hotA hai| vaha eka avAntarakArya kI parisamApti kI sUcanA bhI detA hai| ThIka yahI kAma 'sarga' bhI karatA hai, para kaDavaka' itane choTe hote haiM ki ve isa sarga kI ukta zarta ko pUrNa nahIM kara paate| ataeva 'sandhi' ko to sarga' avazya kahA jA sakatA hai, para kaDavakoM ko nhiiN| hamArA apanA anumAna hai ki kaDavaka kA vikAsa loka-gItoM ke dharAtala para haA hai| jaba apabhraMza meM prabandha-paddhati kA AvirbhAva huA aura dohA-chanda inake liye choTA par3ane lagA, taba apabhraMza-kaviyoM ne mAtrika-chandoM kI paramparA para prabandha ke vahana kara sakane yogya paddhaDiyA-chanda kA vikAsa kiyaa| 16, 20,24, 28, 32 evaM 48 ardhAliyoM ke anantara 'ghattA chanda' dekara kaDavaka' likhane kI paramparA AvirbhUta huii| lokagItoM ke vikAsa se jJAta hotA hai ki vIrapuruSoM ke AkhyAna geyarUpa meM prastuta kiye jAte the| ye gIta kisI na kisI AkhyAna ko lekara calate the| geyatA rahane ke kAraNa AkhyAna rocaka ho jAte the| prAkRta-kAla meM bhI prabandha-lokagIta avazya rahe hoMge aura ina gItoM kA rUpa-gaThana bahuta kucha 'paddhaDiyA-chanda' se milatA-julatA rahA hogaa| yadi yoM kahA jAya ki prabandha-lokagItoM meM vyavahRta tuka vAlA chanda, jisakA ki mUla uddezya dvitIya aura caturtha caraNa kI tuka milAkara AnandAnubhUti utpanna karanA thA, paddhar3iyA kA. pUrvaja hai, to koI atyukti na hogii| ata: caumuha kavi ke jisa 'paddhaDiyA' chanda kA ullekha svayambhU kavi ne kiyA hai, vaha nizcayata: prabandha lokagIta se vikasita huA hogaa| hama apane kathana kI puSTi meM eka sabala pramANa yaha upasthita kara sakate haiM ki 'kaDavaka' ThIka prabandha-lokagIta kA vaha rUpa hai, jisameM lokagIta gAyaka cArutA aura suvidhA ke AdhAra para apane prabandha ko kaI eka gItoM se vibhakta kara virAmasthala utpanna karatA hai| ThIka yahI paramparA kaDavaka' kI hai| isameM bhI eka sandarbhAza ko kucha ardhAliyoM meM nibaddha kara 'ghattA' virAmasthala utpanna kara kaDavaka' kA sRjana kiyA jAtA hai| ata: 'kaDavaka' kA vikAsa prabandha-lokagItoM kI paramparA se mAnanA yuktisaMgata pratIta hotA hai| __kaDavaka' kI paribhASA para sarvaprathama vicAra AcArya hemacandra ne prastuta kiyA hai| unhoMne apane 'chando'nuzAsana' meM (6/1) likhA hai ___ "sandhyAdau kaDavakAnte ca dhruvaM syAditi dhuvA dhuvaMka ghattA vaa|" apanI saMskRta-vRtti meM spaSTa karate huye unhoMne batAyA hai ki 'caturbhi: paddhaTikAdyaizchandobhi kaDavakam / tasyAnte dhuvaM nizcitaM syAditi dhuvA, dhruvakaM, ghattA 0088 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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ceti saMjJAntarasa, arthAt cAra paddhaDiyA chandoM kA kaDavaka' hotA hai| 'kaDavaka' ke anta meM 'dhruvA' yA 'ghattA' kA rahanA Avazyaka hai| ___ bharatamuni ne apane 'nATyazAstra' meM 'dhuvAbhidhAne caivAsya' (15/15) kahakara 'kaDavaka' ke anta meM 'dhruvA' kA prayoga batAyA hai| AcArya hemacandra ne 'dhuvA' kI paribhASA SaTpadI, catuSpadI evaM dvipadI ke rUpa meM prastuta kI hai| yathA ___sA tredhA SaTpadI, catuSpadI dvipadI c|| 6/2 / / prayogAtmaka vidhi se 'kaDavaka' kI paribhASA kA vizleSaNa karane para usake aneka rUpa hameM upalabdha hote haiN| jambhoTiyA, jisake ki pratyeka caraNa meM 8 mAtrAyeM, racitA, jisake ki pUrvArddha aura uttarArddha meM 28 mAtrAyeM, malayavilayasiyA, jisake pratyeka caraNa meM 8 mAtrAyeM, khaMDayaM-23 mAtrAoM vAlA chanda, ardhAlI-20 mAtrA vAlA chanda, helA-22 mAtrA vAlA chanda, duvaI, pratyeka ardhAlI meM 28 mAtrA vAlA chanda, ghattA ke pUrva pAyA jAtA hai aura caraNoM kI saMkhyA 14 se lekara 30 taka pAI jAtI hai| kaDavaka' ke liye anivArya niyama 'ghattA' kA pAyA jAnA hai| 'kaDavaka' meM chanda ke padoM kI koI nizcita saMkhyA nahIM pAI jaatii| puSpadanda ne 9 ardhAliyoM se lekara 13 ardhAliyoM taka kA prayoga kaDavaka' meM kiyA hai| inake harivaMzapurANa meM 83vIM sandhi ke 15veM kaDavaka meM 10 ardhAliyoM ke pazcAt ghattA kA prayoga AyA hai aura isI sandhi ke 16veM kaDavaka meM 12 ardhAliyoM ke pazcAt ghattA AyA hai| svayambhU ne 8 ardhAliyoM ke anantara ghattA-chanda kA vyavahAra kiyA hai| yahI zailI rAmacaritamAnasa meM bhI pAI jAtI hai| mahAkavi tulasIdAsa ne 8 ardhAliyoM arthAt caupAI ke bAda dohe kA prayoga kiyA hai| mahAkavi jAyasI ne apane padmAvata meM 7 ardhAliyoM ke pazcAt dohA-chanda rakhA hai| yaha chanda-zailI puSpadanta kI kaDavaka-zailI se prabhAvita hai| puSpadanta ne 7 ardhAliyoM se lekara 12 ardhAliyoM taka kA ghattA ke pUrva niyojana kiyA hai| nUra muhammada kI 'anurAga-bA~surI' meM dohA ke sthAna para 'barabai chanda' kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai| ardhAliyoM kI saMkhyA apabhraMza ke mahAkavi svayambhU aura unake putra tribhuvana ke samAna hI hai| apabhraMza-kAvya meM ghattA kI mAtrAyeM samAna nahIM haiM, ata: hindI kA barabai bhI patte kA hI rUpAntara hai| soraThA, baravai, kuNDaliyA kA pUrvArdha evaM rolA kA vikAsa bhI ghattA se hI huA hai| yoM to rolA kA prayoga apabhraMza meM pAyA jAtA hai, para chanda ke vikAsa-krama meM dhyAna dene se spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki ghattA ne aneka rUpa dhAraNa kiye haiM aura rolA bhI unhIM aneka rUpoM meM se eka hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki svayambhU aura prAkRta-paiMgalam ina donoM ke dvArA pratipAdita ghattA kI mAtrAoM meM bhI antara pAyA jAtA hai| ataeva yaha niSkarSa nikAlanA sahaja hI sambhava hai ki 'kaDavaka' vaha chanda hai jisameM 7 se lekara 16 yA 18 taka ardhAliyAM hoM aura anta meM eka 'dhruvaka' yA 'ghattA' kA vyavahAra kiyA gayA ho| prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 00 89

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pustaka-samIkSA pustaka kA nAma : mUlasaMgha aura usakA prAcIna sAhitya lekhaka kA nAma : paM0 nAthUlAla jI zAstrI prakAzaka : kundakunda jJAnapITha, 40, sara hukamacanda mArga, indaura-452002 (ma0pra0) saMskaraNa : prathama saMskaraNa 1999 I0, pRSTha 202, DimAI sAIz2a, peparabaika mUlya : nirdiSTa nahIM __ jaina samAja ke vayovRddha, garimAmaMDita, gaMbhIra vaiduSya ke dhanI vidvadratnoM meM paM0 nAthUlAla jI zAstrI, indaura (ma0pra0) kA nAma agragaNya hai| ve nirvivAda vyaktitva haiM tathA Agamokta rIti se sapramANa hI kathana karanevAle prajJAmanISI haiN| unakI puNyalekhanI isa vArdhakya meM bhI yuvakoM se bhI adhika saTIka evaM sakriyatA se sAhityasRjana kara rahI haiyaha samAja ko sukhada anubhUti kA viSaya hai| ___AdaraNIya paMDita jI sAhaba ne DaoN0 sAgaramala jaina kI pustaka 'jainadharma kA yApanIya sampradAya' nAmaka kRti meM varNita pUrvAgrahI evaM tor3a-maror3akara prastuta kiye gaye tathyoM se utpanna bhrAmaka sthiti ko dRSTi meM rakhakara Agama evaM anya vividha pramANoM ke Aloka meM isa kRti kI racanA kI hai| isameM mUlasaMgha aura unakI prAcInatA ke pUrNa pramANoM ko prastuta karate huye vibhinna AkSepoM kA saTIka, sapramANa uttara diyA hai| samasta mUlasaMdhAnuyAyI digambara jaina samAja ko yaha kRti avazya hI paThanIya hai| isameM prastuta tathyoM evaM vivecana se anekoM bhrAntiyoM kA nivAraNa hotA hai tathA hamAre AcAryoM evaM unake sAhitya ke bAre meM yathArtha jAnakArI milatI hai| ___ sampUrNa kRti meM paM0 jI sAhaba ke jJAna kI gambhIratA, vyApaka zAstrIya adhyayana, jIvana kA anubhava tathA saMtulita dRSTikoNa kA spaSTa darzana hote haiN| aitihAsika, dArzanika, sAhityika evaM tAttvika dRSTiyoM se isameM pratipAdita tathA atyanta upayogI haiN| isake prAraMbha meM AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI munirAja kA AzIrvacana guru-gaMbhIra evaM mAMgalika upalabdhi hai| isake sampAdana evaM prUpha-saMzodhana meM yadyapi kucha saMbhAvanAyeM raha gayI haiM, phira bhI 0090 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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viSayavastu evaM prastutIkaraNa kI garimA ke samakSa ve bAteM upekSaNIya haiN| mUla lekhaka ke rahate hue prakAzaka ko kaoNpIrAiTa' pUrNata: le lenA Azcaryakara lgaa| pratyeka jinamaMdira, pustakAlaya, svAdhyAyazAlA, vidvAnoM evaM zrAvakoM ke nijI pustakAlayoM meM bhI yaha kRti anivAryarUpa se honI caahiye| tathA pratyeka muni-AryikA, zrAvaka-zrAvikA ko yaha pustaka avazya par3hanA caahiye| -sampAdaka ** pustaka kA nAma : pAhuDadohA mUla graMthakartA : muni rAmasiMha saMpAdana evaM marAThI anuvAda : zrImatI lIlAvatI jaina prakAzaka : svayaMbhU prakAzana, 8-e, sanmatinagara, solApura-4 (mahA0) saMskaraNa : prathama, navambara 1999 I0 mUlya : 50 rupaye (110pRSTha, DimAI sAIja, peparabaika, sundara mudraNa) Aja prAntIya bhASAoM meM jaina-graMthoM ke jo saMskaraNa prakAzita ho rahe haiM, saMbhavata: unameM marAThI bhASA ke vidvAn va prakAzaka sarvata: agraNI haiN| aise kaI nUtana saMskaraNoM meM eka navInatama saMskaraNa hai lagabhaga eka sahasra varSa prAcIna kRti 'pAhuDadohA' / apabhraMza bhASA meM mUlata: nibaddha isa kRti ko sarvaprathama svanAmadhanya manISIpravara DaoN0 hIrAlAla jaina jI ne karake kAraMjA se prakAzita karAyA thaa| phira kucha samaya pUrva bhAratIya jJAnapITha se DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI ke saMpAdana meM isakA eka aura saMskaraNa prakAzita huA thaa| kisI kSetrIya bhASA meM merI jAnakArI meM isa graMtha kA yaha prathama saMskaraNa prakAzita huA hai| ___ isameM mukhyata: DaoN0 hIrAlAla jI jaina ke saMskaraNa ko AdhAra banAyA gayA hai tathA bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke saMskaraNa kI bhI bhAvArtha Adi meM kahIM-kahIM madada lI gayI hai| isameM mUla dohoM kA marAThI padyAnuvAda bhI viduSI saMpAdikA ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI marAThI anuvAda meM bhI bhASA evaM bhAva ke anurUpa zabdAvali kA cayana karanA unake vaiduSya ko sphuTa karatA hai| mudraNa-zailI evaM mudraNa-sAmagrI bhI acchI hai| AzA hai marAThI bhASA ke adhyAtmarasika pAThakoM ko yaha kRti paryApta upAdeya rhegii| -sampAdaka ** pustaka kA nAma : jaina Agama prANI koza pradhAna saMpAdaka : AcArya mahAprajJa prakAzaka : jaina vizva bhAratI, lAr3aD-341306 (rAjasthAna) : prathama saMskaraNa '99, A-5 sAIz2a, ArTa pepara, sacitra, pRSTha 120+12=132 : 250 rupaye (do sau pacAsa rupaye) saskaraNa mUlya prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 00 91

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___ AcAryazrI mahAprajJa jI terApaMthI zvetAmbara jaina-paramparA ke yugapradhAna AcArya to haiM hI, eka utkRSTa koTi ke gaveSI vidvAn evaM siddhahasta lekhaka bhI haiN| unake nirdezana meM jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM evaM anya zvetAmbarIya terApaMthI jaina saMsthAyeM bauddhika kAryoM meM bhI samucitarUpa se saMlagna haiN| ___ jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM (rAja0) dvArA AcArya mahAprajJa jI ke pradhAna saMpAdakatva meM prakAzita yaha koza-grantha viziSTa mahattva rakhatA hai| isameM pramukha zvetAmbara Agama-granthoM meM varNita/ullikhita prANiyoM (pazu-pakSiyoM) kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| pratyeka prANI ke bAre meM Agata mUla prAkRta nAmoM ke ullekha ke sAtha-sAtha vartamAna prANIzAstriyoM kI subodhagamyatA ke lie aMgrejI nAmakaraNoM kA bhI upayoga kiyA gayA haiM; rASTrabhASA meM pradatta paricaya to sarvajanopayogI hai hii| granthoM kA kitanI taraha se adhyayana kiyA jA sakatA hai aura kitane AgamoM se unameM nihita tathyoM kA vargIkaraNa karake upayogI sAmagrI ko svatantra svarUpa pradAna kiyA jA sakatA hai - isakA yaha eka Adarza pratimAna hai| digambara jaina Agama-sAhitya para aise anekoM AyAmoM se kArya karake isa taraha ke anekoM isase bhI vizAla koza-granthoM kA nirmANa kiyA jA sakatA hai| AvazyakatA hai samAja ko aisI dizA evaM preraNA dene kI tathA saMkalpazakti ke dhanI, sUkSmaprajJAvAn gaMbhIra vidvAnoM ko aise kAryoM meM bharapUra protsAhana ke sAtha niyojita karane kii| meloM, AndolanoM, jalUsoM, railiyoM evaM vyaktipUjA kI khAtira bane rahe tathAkathita naye tIrthoM ke prati A~kha baMda kara calanevAlA digambara jaina samAja use calAne vAlA netRtva, vizeSata: sAdhuvarga kyA isa bAre meM gaMbhIratA se Thosa nirNaya le pAyegA? --yaha eka yakSaprazna hai| aise preraka zodhakArya evaM usake nayanAbhirAma prakAzana ke lie saMpAdaka evaM prakAzaka --donoM abhinaMdanIya haiN| -sampAdaka ** prakAzaka pustaka kA nAma : gommaTezvara bAhubalI evaM zravaNabelagola : itihAsa ke pariprekSya meM lekhaka : satIza kumAra jaina : lADA devI graMthamAlA, 3-I0, zyAmakuMja, 12-sI, lArDa sinhA roDa, kalakattA-71 saMskaraNa : prathama saMskaraNa 1992 mUlya : 100 rupaye, pRSTha 151, DimAI sAIja, pakkI jilda yaha eka atyanta mahattvapUrNa kRti hai, jisameM itihAsa, saMskRti evaM tathyoM kI pUrI prAmANika jAnakArIpUrvaka eka zramasAdhya prAtibha prayatna spaSTata: parilakSita hotA hai| jaina-paramparA ke paurANika mahApuruSoM tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva evaM cakravartI bharata ke bAre meM 10 92 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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jahA~ vividha sAhityika evaM purAtAttvika sAkSyoM se prAmANika jAnakArI prastuta kI gayI hai, vahIM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu, samrATa candragupta evaM AcArya cANakya Adi kA nirvivAda aitihAsika paricaya bahuAyAmI pramANoM ke sAtha diyA gayA hai| isI krama meM zravaNabelgola-sthita aitihAsika gommaTezvara kI vizAla mUrti, usake nirmAtA, nirmANavidhi Adi kA vizada paricaya to diyA hI hai, sAtha hI isameM upalabdha zravaNabelgola-sthita evaM isa aMcala ke purAtAttvika evaM aitihAsika mahattva ke zilAlekhoM kA paricaya bhI atimahattvapUrNa hai| phira isa divya pratimA ke mahAmastakAbhiSeka evaM usakI paramparA ke bAre meM vizada evaM prAmANika paricaya diyA gayA hai| tathA upasaMhArarUpa meM nikaTavartI mahattvapUrNa sthAnoM evaM bhagavAn bAhubali kI mUrtiyoM ke nirmANa kI paraMparA kA bhI saMkSipta paricaya diyA gayA hai| aMta meM tIna pariziSTa diye gaye haiM, jinameM zatAbdI-krama se zilAlekhoM kA ullekha, unakI kula saMkhyA evaM vaMzAvalI ke anusAra zilAlekhoM kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| ___ kula milAkara sampUrNa pustaka vidvAnoM, zodhArthiyoM evaM adhyetAoM ke lie upayogI hai hI; sAtha hI sAmAnya pAThakoM ke lie bhI rucikara sAmagrI sarala zabdAvali meM prastuta karane se upayogI hai| isameM mahattvapUrNa purAtAttvika sthaloM ke acche chAyAcitra bhI ATapapara para mudrita hai tathA zrI akSaya kumAra jaina jI kI prastAvanA' evaM lekhaka kI 'bhUmikA' bhI upayogI hai| itihAsa, saMskRti, purAtattva evaM dharma-darzana meM ruci rakhane vAle pratyeka vyakti ke lie isa pustaka meM paryApta AkarSaNa kI sAmagrI upalabdha hai tathA yaha kRti sabhI ke lie saMgrahaNIya bhI hai| -sampAdaka ** pustaka kA nAma : gaurava gAthA : AcAryazrI vidyAnanda lekhaka : akhila baMsala prakAzaka : bAhubali sevA saMsthAna, 129-bI, jAdauna nagara, sTezana roDa, durgApurA, jayapura (rAja.) saMskaraNa : prathama, 22 apraila 1999 mUlya : paccIsa rupaye mAtra, citrakathA kI A/5 sAIja, raMgIna mudrnn| bAlakoM meM bahuraMgI citrakathAyeM atyanta lokapriya hotI haiN| ve atyanta ruci se inheM par3hate haiN| tathA citroM ke kAraNa inheM samajhane meM unheM suvidhA to hotI hI hai, AkarSaNa bhI vizeSa rahatA hai| isI dRSTi se jaina-paramparA meM bhI vartamAna yuga meM citrakathAoM ke prakAzana kA krama calA hai| yaha nayI pIr3hI meM saMskAra-nirmANa kI dRSTi se nizcaya hI prazaMsanIya hai| isake mAdhyama se pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI ke jIvana-darzana kI preraka jhalaka prApta hotI hai| isa anukaraNIya kArya ke liye lekhaka evaM prakAzaka dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiN| -sampAdaka ** prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000 10 93

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(6) pustaka kA nAma : bhAratIya paraMparA meM vrata : avadhAraNA tathA vikAsa : DaoN0 candramauli maNi tripAThI lekhaka : Rtvija prakAzana, 34, saMskRta nagara, rohiNI, sekTara-14, dillI- 85 : prathama saMskaraNa 1999 : 66/- rupaye, pRSTha 176, DimAI sAIja, pepara- gatte kI jilda / bhAratIya-paramparA meM do mUladhArAyeM rahIM, eka pravRttimArgI aura dUsarI nirvRttimArgI / nivRttimArgI dhArA meM zramaNa Ate the, jinheM vaidika RSiyoM ne 'vrAtya' saMjJA dI hai| kyoMki ve "hiMsA'nRtasteyAbrahmaparigrahebhyo viratirvratam" ke niyamAnusAra hiMsA Adi pA~coM pApoM se virakta hokara 'vrata' aMgIkAra karate the / prAraMbhika avasthA meM ina vratoM ko ve prAthamika stara para dhAraNa karate the, ata: unheM 'aNuvratI' kahA jAtA thA tathA pUrNatayA pApoM se virakta hore para ve 'mahAvratI' kahalAte the / ataH 'vrata' aMgIkAra karane kI paramparA mUlataH jaina zramaNoM kI hai / ina vratoM ko dhAraNa karane evaM vrata kA upadeza dene se ve 'vrAtya' bhI kahalAte the| isI tathya ke dRSTigata rakhate huye vaidika RSiyoM ne zramaNoM ko 'vrAtya' saMjJA se abhihita kiyA hai| tathA unheM paryApta sammAna bhI diyA hai / niSpakSa Adhunika vidvAnoM ne bhI isa tathya ko muktakaMTha se svIkAra kiyA hai| kintu isa pustaka ke lekhaka mahodaya ne saMbhavata: ina tathyoM kA yA to apane anusaMdhAnakArya avalokana hI nahIM kiyA hai; yA phira pUrvAgraha ke kAraNa ina tathyoM kI upekSA karake 'vrAtyoM' ko vaidika-paramparA kA siddha karane kI asaphala ceSTA kI hai| unake mananArtha maiM yahA~ katipaya sAkSya isa saMbaMdha meM prastuta kara rahA hU~ prakAzaka saMskaraNa mUlya vrAtya vRSabhadeva 'vrAtya AsIdIyamAn eva sa prajApatiM samaizyat / ' - ( atharveda, 15 / 1 ) vrAtya ne apane paryaTana meM prajApati ko dharma kI zikSA aura prareNA dii| 'vrAtyaH saMskArahIna:' - ( amarakoza, 8 /54 ) vrata aura vrAtya 'na tA minanti mAyino na dhIrA vratA devAnAM prathamA dhruvANi / na rodasi adruhA vedyAbhirna parvatA niname tasthivAMsaH / / ' - (Rgveda, 3/5/56/1 ) devoM dvArA gRhIta dhruva vrata ko mAyA, mithyA aura nidAna naSTa nahIM kara sakate tathA dhIra manuSya bhI unakI avahelanA nahIM karate / pRthvI aura Akaza apanI sampUrNa jJAta prajAoM ke sAtha unake vratoM kA virodha nahIM karate / sthiratA ke sAtha avasthita parvata namanIya nahIM huA krte| 094 prAkRtavidyA + janavarI-mArca 2000

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mahAvrAtya 'vrAtya AsIdIyamAna eva sa prajApatiM samairayat / sa prajApati: suvarNamAtmannapazyat tat prAjanayat / / tadekamabhavat tatlalAmabhavat tanmahadabhavat tajjeSThamabhavat / tad brahmAbhavat tattapo'bhavat tat satyamabhavat tena prAjAyata / / so'vardhata, sa mahAnabhavat, sa mahAdevo'bhavat, sa devaa| nAmIzAM paryet sa IzAno'bhavat / sa eka vrAtyo'bhavat / / ' -(atharvaveda, 15/1/1-6) artha:- vaha prajApati thaa| prajApati se usane apane Apako Upara uThAyA arthAt nRpati-pada se Upara huaa| gRhastha se sanyAsa kI ora calate hue (IyamAna:) tatkAla usa prajApati ne vratoM ko grahaNa kiyA, vrAtya ho gyaa| usa prajApati ne AtmA ko suvarNa (kiTTa-kAlimAdirahita kAMcana ke samAna anya paudgalika-padArtha mohakarma samparkarahita) dekhaa| usane usIko tapasyA se vizuddha kiyA-saMskArita kiyaa| taba vaha AtmA eka abheda huA, vilakSaNa huA, mahAn lalAma-suMdara huA, jyeSTha huA, brahmA huA, tapa huA aura satya huaa| vaha apane ukta guNoM se hI paryAyarUpa meM mAno navIna utpanna huaa| vaha jJAna se bar3hA, mahAn sarvajJa huA mahAdeva huaa| usane saba devoM ke aizvarya kA atikramaNa kara IzAna pada prApta kiyaa| vaha prathama vrAtya (Adya mahAvratI) huaa| inake atirikta DaoN0 jagadIzadatta dIkSita ke vicAra draSTavya haiM--"atharvavada meM 'vrAtya' kI mahattA isaprakAra varNita hai ki yadi yajJa karate samaya vrAtya A jAye, to yAjJika ko cAhiye ki vrAtya kI icchAnusAra yajJa ko kare athavA yajJa ko banda kara de athavA vrAtya jaisA yajJavidhAna batAye, vaisA kre| vidvAn brAhmaNa 'vrAtya' se itanA hI kahe ki "jaisA Apako priya hai, vaisA hI kiyA jaayegaa|" AtmasAkSAtdraSTA mahAvrAtya ko namaskAra hai| .......yahI vrAtya Ajakala ke jainamatAnuyAyI haiN| mahAvratapAlaka vrAtya jainasAdhu haiM aura sAmAnya vrAtyadharma hI Aja kA jainadharma hai| ina vrAtyoM kI saMskRti AdhyAtmika thI, jabaki Arya logoM kI saMskRti Adhidaivika thii|" __ -(brAhmaNa tathA zramaNa saMskRti kA dArzanika vivecana, pR0 76) * jainadharma ke pravartana-kAla ke bAre meM vidvAn pI0sI0 rAya caudharI ne likhA hai ki"zrI vRSabhadeva ne jainadharma kA pracAra magadha (bihAra) meM pASANayuga ke zeSa aura kRSiyuga ke Arambha meM kiyA thaa|" - (jainijma ina bihAra, pR0 7) merA itanA hI nivedana hai ki lekhaka vidvAn pUrvAgraharahita hokara niSpakSabhAva se tathyoM kA prastutIkaraNa kareM, tAki pAThakoM ko nirdoSa evaM prAmANika pAThyasAmagrI mile| apane zrama ke lie lekhaka sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiN| mudraNa kA stara sAmAnya hai| -sampAdaka ** prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 0095

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abhimata 0 prAkRtavidyA ke aktUbara-disambara '99 aMka meM 'grAme-grAme kAlApaka....'' zIrSaka se jainAcArya zrImaccharvavarma likhita 'kAtantra vyAkaraNa' kI lokapriyatA prakaTa hotI hai| kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA vartamAna svarUpa atyanta prAcIna hai| tathA janamAnasa meM isake prathama sUtra 'oM nama: siddham' kA svarUpa 'onAmAsIdhama' bana gyaa| kabhI isakA pracAra akhila bhAratIya stara para rhaa| yaha vyAkaraNa kaumAra-vyAkaraNa' ke nAma se bhI prasiddha hai| kahA jAtA hai ki bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne apanI putrI kumArI brAhmI ke anurodha para unheM vyAkaraNa sikhAne ke uddezya se jisa vyAkaraNa ko prastuta kiyA, kAlAntara meM "kumAryAH AgataM, prAptaM, pracAritaM vA vyAkaraNaM kaumAra-vyAkaraNam" ke nAma se prasiddha huA tathA paThana-pAThana meM pracalita huA tathA isakA svarUpa vyApaka hokara bhI kucha samaya ke liye avyavasthita ho gyaa| kahIM para eka vAkya uddhRta hai ki "A kumAraM yaza: pANineH" arthAt 'kaumAra vyAkaraNa' ke prArambha taka hI pANini-vyAkaraNa kA varcasva rhaa| isI kaumAra vyAkaraNa' ke sUtroM ko suvyavasthita kara AcArya zarvavarma ne ise 'kAtantra vyAkaraNa' ke nAma se prastuta kiyA tathA ISadartha meM 'kA' pratyaya hokara 'ISat tantram kAtantram' aisI vyutpatti ke AdhAra para kAtantra' zabda caritArtha huaa| ata: yaha nirvivAda hai ki kAtantra vyAkaraNa atIta ke kisI mahAtantra kA laghu saMskaraNa hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki jainAcAryoM ne janabhASA meM vikharita bhagavAn mahAvIra kI vANI ko saMskRta bhASA meM suvyavasthita karane ke liye hI atyanta sarala evaM saMkSipta DhaMga se vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM ko sikhAne ke liye hI isakA pracAra kiyaa| dakSiNa bhArata pUnA ke Dekana kaoNleja' meM prApta eka hastalekha vAle grantha meM eka zloka "chAndasa: svalpamataya: zAstrAntara-ratAzca ye| vaNik sasyAdi saMsaktA lokayAtrAdiSu sthitAH / / IzvarA: vyAdhiniratA: tathAlasyayutAzca ye| teSAM kSipraM prabodhArthamanekArthaM kAlApakam / / " -(sisTama oNpha saMskRta grAmara, velavalkara) isa AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki jo 'chAndsa zAstra' par3hanA cAhate hai, mandamati vAle haiM, anya zAstra ko par3hanA cAhate haiM, vyApArI haiM, kRSaka haiM, yAyAvara haiM, rAjA loga haiM, vyAdhigrasta haiM, Alasyayukta haiM, ina saba ko zIghra jJAna karAnevAlA yaha vyAkaraNa hai| DaoN0 40 96 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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jAnakI prasAda dvivedI ne 'kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza' grantha meM isa para vyApaka prakAza DAlA hai| isakI bahuta-sI pANDulipiyA~ zAradAlipi meM hai; jinako prakAza meM lAne ke liye unakI sampAdana vyavasthA atyanta Avazyaka hai| AzA hai ki prAta: smaraNIya pUjyapAda svAmI vidyAnanda jI ke AzIrvAda evaM mArgadarzana meM DaoN0 sudIpa jaina isa dizA meM Avazyaka DhaMga se prayAsarata rheNge| -DaoN0 rAmasAgara mizra, lakhanaU (u0pra0) ** * Apake dvArA sampAdita 'prAkRtavidyA' niyamita rUpa se prApta hotI hai| isa patrikA kI prazaMsA jitanI kI jAye vaha kama hai| sabhI dRSTiyoM se yaha anupama hai| kyoM na ho, isameM rASTrasaMta AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja jI kA AzIrvAda evaM saMrakSaNa jo hai| vidvAnoM, jijJAsuoM ke pAsa yaha patrikA Apa pahu~cA bhI rahe haiM, yaha bhI vizeSa dhyAtavya hai| isase prasiddha vidvAn raMganAthana ke ve sUtra sArthaka hote haiM, jinameM kahA gayA hai ki pratyeka pAThaka ko pustaka milanA cAhie tathA pratyeka pustaka ko pAThaka milanA caahiye|' AzA hai bhaviSya meM yaha aura pragati karegI tathA vizva meM prAkRtavidyA' pramukha-patrikA kA gaurava prApta kregii| -vijaya kumAra jaina, gomatInagara, lakhanaU ** (c) 'prAkRtavidyA' meM Apake dvArA likhita lekha (aktUbara-disambara '99) ke aMka meM 'grAme grAme kAlAparka' pddh'aa| par3hakara mana ko bahuta prasannatA huii| Apane dharma kA itihAsa btaayaa| aisI patrikAoM (jainasaMdeza) evaM lekhakoM para kRpayA niyaMtraNa lagAe, jinheM hamAre dharma kA itihAsa nA mAlUma ho| bar3I prasannatA huI ki Apa jaise navayuvaka vidvAnoM ke hRdaya meM apane dharma ke prati bahumAna hai| -AjAda kumAra jaina, jabalapura (ma0pra0) ** (r) Thanks for sending m 'Prakrit Vidhya' October-December 1999 issue. The magazine gives the details study materials on Prait and the subjects related to Jainology. Your editorial 'grAma-grAme kAlApakaM' gives the various troofs on "Jain Antiquity'. - T.R. Jodatti, Dharwad ** (c) 'prAkRtavidyA' kA varSa 11, aMka 3, prApta huaa| patrikA kA pratyeka Alekha paThanIya evaM jJAnavarddhaka hotA hai| ata: patrikA kI pratIkSA banI rahatI hai| sampAdakIya atyaMta tarkasaMgata evaM vidvattApUrNa hai jisameM 'digambara jaina pratimAoM evaM digambara jaina granthoM' kI prAcInatA ko aneka pramANoM dvArA siddha kiyA gayA hai| etadarza dhnyvaad| isIprakAra pustaka-samIkSA ke antargata 'jinAgamoM kI mUlabhASA kI samIkSA' atyaMta vidvattApUrNa hai| vaise to patrikA kI sabhI sAmagrI paThanIya evaM uccastarIya hai, phira bhI zrI kundanalAla jI kA Alekha davanirmita jaina stUpa', krodhAdi-kaSAyoM kA vivaraNa, pro0 (DaoN0) vidyAvatI kA Alekha 'zramaNa saMskRti kA pramukha kendra kAraMjA' tathA snehalatA jaina kA lekha jinaparamparA ke udghoSaka mahAkavi svayaMbhU' mujhe acche lge| eka sarvAMga sundara, utkRSTa patrikA prakAzana ke lie Apako dhanyavAda / -lAla candra jaina 'rAkeza', gaMjabAsaudA, (ma0pra0) ** 0 prAkRtavidyA' kA aktUbara-disambara 1999 I0 kA aMka prApta huaa| isa aMka kI prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 0097

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apratima sAmagrI se mere jJAna meM apUrva abhivRddhi huI hai| -hukamacaMda sogAnI, ujjaina, (ma0pra0) ** : 0 'prAkRtavidyA' ke aktUbara-disambara 1999 I0 aMka meM Apake lekha kAtaMtra vyAkaraNa' para pddh'aa| kAphI parizrama se Apane likhA hai, isI taraha apane adhyavasAya ko jJAnArAdhanA meM lagAye rkheN| -DaoN0 dAmodara zAstrI, zRMgerI, (karnATaka) ** * 'prAkRtavidyA' kA sadya: prakAzita aMka milaa| saca kahU~ - isa patrikA se mujhe prAkRta sAhitya ko samajhane meM bar3I madada mila rahI hai| -DaoN0 praNava zarmA 'zAstrI', badAyU~ (u0pra0) ** * 'prAkRtavidyA' ke aMka nirantara mila rahe haiN| sAmagrI paThanIya hotI hai| patrikA meM nikhAra A rahA hai| -DaoN0 RSabhacandra jaina "phaujadAra", vaizAlI (bihAra) ** * 'prAkRtavidyA' ke aktUbara-disambara 1999 I0 kA aMka prApta huaa| madhyamA, zAstrI meM aneka grantha par3he prAkRtabhASA se zAstrI uttIrNa kI jainadarzana meM prAkRtabhASA pUrva thI, aba varadarAjA dvArA saMskRta kA prAdurbhAva huaa| jaina Ayurveda grantha haiN| prAkRtaprakAza vyAkaraNa hetu uttama hai| pratyeka aMka samaya para bheja rahe haiM, isa patrikA ko hArdika zubhakAmanAyeM hai| Apane jainadharma kA utthAna kiyA hai| -nanhelAla jaina, airaurA, TIkamagar3ha (ma0pra0) ** 0 'prAkRtavidyA' kA aktUbara-disambara 1999 I0 kA aMka prApta huaa| patrikA meM saMkalita lekha anusaMdhAnaparaka haiN| saMpAdakIya "grAme-grAme kAlApaka...." apane Apa meM jJAnavardhaka, vicArazIla tathA dizA-darzAne vAlA hai| DaoN0 devendrakumAra zAstrI ne 'mahAbaMdha' kI bhASA para vicAra-vimarza kiyA hai| DaoN0 kundanalAla jaina ne 'vodve' zabda para se bhrAMti kA AvaraNa haTAyA hai| vaizAlI nagarI ke vyApArika pakSa para DaoN jayanta kumAra ne aitihAsika dRSTi se prakAza DAlA hai| rAjamala jaina ne kerala meM jainadharma kI prAcInatA kA vivaraNa atyaMta rocaka rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| jaina zodha-patrikAoM meM prAkRtavidyA' kI apanI alaga pahacAna hai| -DaoN0 nijAmuddIna, zrInagara (kAzmIra) ** jJAnadAna sarvazreSTha hai "sarveSAmeva dAnAnAM 'vidyAdAnaM tato'dhikam / " - (atri0, 338) artha:-sabhI dAnoM meM vidyAdAna' yA 'jJAnadAna' sarvazreSTha hai| dAna cAra prakAra ke mAne gaye haiM--AhAradAna, auSadhidAna, jJAnadAna evaM kssmaadaan| ina sabhI kA antarAyakarma ke upazaya ke lie vizeSa yogadAna rahatA hai| cU~ki jJAnadAna manuSya ke vyaktitva ko, vicAroM ko aura AcaraNa ko bhI saMskArita, parimArjita karatA hai; ata: yaha sarvazreSTha kahA gayA hai| eka suzikSita suyogya vidvAn anekoM manuSyoM ko saMskArita kara sampUrNa samAja evaM rASTra kA hitasAdhana kara sakatA hai| isIlie jJAnadAna vaiyaktika, sAmAjika evaM rASTrIya utthAna meM atyadhika hitakArI hone se sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai| ** 10 98 prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000

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samAcAra darzana paramapUjya AcAryazrI AryanaMdi jI munirAja kA sugati - gamana pUjyazrI AryanaMdi jI munirAja jaina samAja ke gaurava ko bar3hAne vAle 20vIM zatAbdI ke mahAn jJAnavRddha, tapovRddha saMta-ziromaNi paramapUjya AcAryazrI AryanaMdi munirAja ne dinAMka 7 pharavarI 2000 ko 93 varSa kI Ayu meM atyaM zAMtabhAvapUrvaka zAstrokta-vidhi se nazvara zarIra kA tyAga kara sadgati kI prApti kI / ApazrI kI muni-dIkSA dinAMka 13 navambara '59 I0 ko kuMthalagira kSetra para pUjya AcArya zrI samantabhadra jI munirAja ke karakamaloM se huI thI / brahmacArI avasthA se muni dIkSA lene vAle ve bIsavIM zatAbdI ke prathama mahAn sAdhaka the / dIkSoparAMta do varSoM meM Apane . sATha se adhika AgamagraMthoM kA sUkSma abhyAsa kiyA / pUjya AcAryazrI AryanaMdi jI munirAja hiMdI, marAThI, aMgrejI, urdU evaM saMskRti A aneka bhASAoM ke vizeSajJa the tathA ApazrI kI pavitra lekhanI se prAta:smaraNIya AcArya kundakunda ke samayasAra, pravacanasAra Adi kaI graMtharatnoM kA anuvAda hokara prakAzana huA / ApakI pavitra lekhanI yAvajjIvana sAhityasRjana meM nirata rahI / ApazrI ke karakaloM se 168 dhArmika pAThazAlAoM kI sthApanA huI, anekoM gurukula bane evaM kaI maMdiroM kA jIrNoddhAra bhI huaa| apane gA~va-gA~va meM ghara-ghara meM vItarAga jainadharma kA pracAra-prasAra kiyA / vibhinna sthAnoM para zivira lagAkara bhI Apane samAja ko jJAnadAna diyA / 1 ikyAnave (91) varSa kI Ayu meM bhI ApazrI 1700 ki0mI0 calakara sammedazikhara jI gaye, jahA~ ApazrI ne isa kSetra ke lie digambara jaina samAja ko mahattvapUrNa mArgadarzana evaM netRtva pradAna kiyaa| aise paramatapasvI, jJAnArAdhaka AcAryazrI AryanaMdi jI munirAja ke zAstroktavidhi se sugatigamana ke nimitta prAkRtavidyA - parivAra kI ora se vinamra zraddhAsumana savinaya samarpita haiM / - sampAdaka ** zrI ToDaramala smAraka bhavana meM munizrI AcArya AryanaMdi jI ko zraddhAMjali dinAMka 7.2.2000 ko sAyaM 7.15 baje taponidhi tIrtharakSA ziromaNi AcAryazrI 108 AryanaMdi jI mahArAja kA samAdhimaraNa pUrvaka svargavAsa huA / prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca 2000 0099

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isa prasaMga para zrI ToDaramala smAraka bhavana, jayapura meM rAjasthAna digambara jainasabhA ke maMtrI zrI mahendrakumAra jI pATanI kI adhyakSatA meM lagabhaga 200 bhAI-bahinoM kI upasthiti meM zraddhAMjali sabhA kA Ayojana dinAMka 8.2.2000 rAtri 8 baje kiyA gyaa| ___ AcAryazrI ke prati zraddhAMjali arpita karate huye bra0 yazapAla jI ne kahA ki - "kAraMjA, bAhubali, elorA, navAgar3ha (mahArASTra), khuraI (ma0pra0) Adi aneka sthAnoM para saMcAlita gurukuloM ko samaya-samaya para preraNA evaM mArgadarzana dekara mahArAjazrI ne samAja para ananta upakAra kiye haiN| akhila bhAratIya digambara jaina tIrthasurakSA kameTI ke lie eka karor3a rupayoM kA phaNDa banAne kA kArya bhI mahArAjazrI kI preraNA evaM parizrama se hI saMbhava ho pAyA hai|" - zrI ToDaramala digambara jaina siddhAnta mahAvidyAlaya, jayapura ke prAcArya paNDita zrI ratanacaMdajI bhArilla ne kahA ki-"munizrI kA svargavAsa samAja ke lie apUraNIya kSati hai| munizrI kI preraNA se hI sAmAjika kurItiyA~, jaise--baliprathA tathA kudevAdi gRhIta mithyAtva ko miTAne kA mahAn kArya sampanna huaa|" bra0 kalpanA bahina ne "AcAryazrI ke saralavRtti evaM saMyamI jIvana ko apane meM utAranA hI unheM vAstavika zraddhAMjali hogI" -- aisA kahakara vinayAMjali arpita kii| adhyakSIya bhASaNa meM zrI mahendrakumAra jI pATanI ne unake sAtha bitAye kucha vizeSa prasaMgoM kA smaraNa karate hue unake kArya ko mahAn batAkara munizrI ko zraddhAMjali dii| __ zrI ToDaramala digambara jaina siddhAnta mahAvidyAlaya ke chAtra prazAntakumAra kAle zAstrI, vijaya kAlegore zAstrI, saMtoSa dahAtoMDe zAstrI, viveka sAtapute zAstrI, nitina koThekara zAstrI, amola saMghaI zAstrI, sunIla belokara Adi ne bhI gurukula meM AcAryazrI ke sAnnidhya meM jJAnaprApti tathA unake jIvana para vaktavya dekara zraddhAsumana arpita kiye| sabhA ' kA saMcAlana paNDita kizora kumAra jI baNDa zAstrI ne kiyaa| ___anta meM sabhI ne maunadhAraNa kara AcAryazrI ko cira zAzvata sukhoM kI kAmanA karate huye sabhA samApta huii| -zruteza sAtapute zAstrI, bApUnagara, jayapura ** dharmAdhikArI zrI vIreMdra hegar3e jI ko 'padmabhUSaNa'-sammAna dakSiNa karnATaka prAnta ke zrIkSetra 'dharmasthala' ke parama sammAnya dharmAdhikArI zrI vIrendra hegar3e jI ko isa varSa bhArata sarakAra dvArA 'padma-bhUSaNa' ke uccatara rASTrIya sammAna se sammAnita kiyA gayA hai| ____eka sAttvika, ucca garimAyukta digambara jaina kula meM janme zrI vIrendra hegar3e jI 'sAdA jIvana-ucca vicAra' kI sAkSAt pratimUrti haiN| ApakI mAtuzrI ratnammA hegar3e jI ke saumya, sudarzana vyaktitva kI pUrA prabhAva ApazrI ke jIvana evaM vyaktitva meM parilakSita hai| uccazikSA prApta ApazrI mAtRbhASA kannar3a ke atirikta aMgrejI, hindI, saMskRta Adi kaI bhASAoM kA acchA jJAna rakhate haiM tathA Apa bahuAyAmI pratibhA ke dhanI haiN| 24 aktUbara 1968 ko mAtra bIsa varSa kI Ayu meM ApakA dakSiNa karnATaka ke sarvAdhika pUjyatama kSetra 'dharmasthala' ke 'dharmAdhikArI' ke pada para vidhi-vidhAnapUrvaka abhiSeka huaa| isa pada kI garimA 00 100 prAkRtovadyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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meM zrIvRddhi karate hue Apane jaba 25 varSa pUrNa kiye, to 24 aktUbara 1992 ko tatkAlIna rASTrapati mahAmahima DaoN0 zaMkaradayAla zarmA jI kI upasthiti meM hue bhavya samAroha meM Apake 'rAjarSi' kI upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA gyaa| ___ ApazrI kI chatrachAyA meM dakSiNa karnATaka meM grAmINa-vikAsa, svayaM-rojagAra Adi kI anekoM janakalyANakArI yojanAyeM pravartita haiN| inake atirikta dhArmika, sAmAjika, zaikSika evaM cikitsA Adi kSetroM meM bhI Apake dvArA anekoM mahattvapUrNa yojanAyeM saMcAlita huIM haiM, jo naye kIrtimAna sthApita kara rahI haiN| zrIkSetra dharmasthala para Ane vAle sabhI zraddhAlujanoM ke lie 'annapUrNA bhojanAlaya' kA saMcAlana, nirdhanavarga ke yuvaka-yuvatiyoM ke sAmUhika vivAha-kAryakramoM kA Ayojana tathA unameM kanyAoM ko apanI ora se maMgalasUtra, svarNAbhUSaNa; vastra Adi bheMTa denA Adi anekoM samAjasevA ke kArya nirantara pragatipatha para agrasara haiN| zaikSika kSetra meM grAmINastarIya Adarza prAthamika vidyAlayoM se lekara meDikala kaoNleja, iMjIniyariMga kaoNleja Adi bhI ApazrI kI chatrachAyA meM antarrASTrIya staroM para bhAratI sAMskRtika pariveza meM cala rahe haiN| vyasanamukti-pratiSThAna jaise abhinava prayoga bhI ApakI dUradarzitApUrNa nIti ke pariNAma haiN| aise vinamra, samAjasevI, guNAdhiSThAna, dharmaprANa, saccaritra mahAn vyakti ko bhArata sarakAra ne 'padma bhUSaNa' ke uccatara sammAna se sammAnita kara bhAratIya gauravazAlI paramparA kA bahumAna kiyA hai| prAkRtavidyA-parivAra evaM kundakunda bhAratI nyAsa kI ora se ApazrI ko isa sammAna-prApti kI zubhabelA meM acche svAsthya, dIrghAyu evaM nirantara unnati kI maMgalakAmanAyeM sabahumAna samarpita haiN| -sampAdaka ** svAtaMtryottara saMskRta-pragati ke karNadhAra DaoN0 maNDana mizra ko 'padmazrI' sammAna svataMtratA prApti ke uparAMta bhAratavarSa meM hI nahIM apitu videzoM meM bhI saMskRtabhASA evaM bhAratIya saMskRti kA vyApaka pracAra-prasAra karanevAle samarpita samAjasevI, bhASAvid, kuzala prazAsaka evaM yazasvI vidvAn DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI kA nAma Aja saMskRta evaM prAkRtabhASAoM ke sAtha abhinna rUpa se jur3a gayA hai| 7 jUna san 1929 IsvI ko rAjasthAna prAMta ke haNUtiyA gA~va meM DaoN. maNDana mizajI janme svanAmadhanya DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI kA saMpUrNa jIvana saMskRta evaM prAkRtabhASAoM tathA bhAratIya saMskRti kI sevA meM samarpita rhaa| unhoMne sadaiva maNDana kI pravRtti ko AtmasAt kiyA, kabhI bhI kisI ke khaNDana ke prapaMca meM nahIM pdd'e| unake lokamAnya pratiSThApUrNa jIvana kA yaha mUlamaMtra rahA hai| paM0 neharU jI, zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI jI, zrImatI iMdirA gA~dhI jI jaise yazasvI pradhAnamaMtriyoM kA nikaTa sAhacarya pAkara bhI Apane kabhI koI rAjanItika mahattvAkAMkSA nahIM rakhI aura bhAratIya bhASAoM - vizeSata: saMskRta-prAkRta tathA jJAna-vijJAna ke liye apanA jIvana samarpita kara diyaa| prAkRtavidyA janavarI-mArca '2000 10 101

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deza-videza meM anaginata zaikSika saMsthAoM ke saMsthApaka, saMcAlaka evaM mArgadarzaka rahe DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI Aja bhI 'aharnizaM sevAmahe' ke Adarza vAkya ko apane jIvana meM caritArtha karate huye niraMtara rASTra kI sevA meM samarpita haiN| unakI sudIrgha yazasvI sevAoM kA itanA vistRta itihAsa hai, ki yadi koI likhanA cAhe to eka pUrA graMtha nirmita ho sakatA hai| aise nispRha sAdhaka manISI evaM samAjasevI ko rASTrIya sammAna bahuta pahale mila jAnA cAhiye thA, phira bhI aba bIsavIM zatAbdI ke prAraMbhika dinoM meM unheM 'padmazrI sammAna' se sammAnita kiyA jAnA na kevala DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kA sammAna hai; apitu saMpUrNa zikSAjagat isase gauravAnvita tathA utsAhita hai| rAjadhAnI ke vibhinna zikSA saMsthAnoM, samAjasevI saMgaThanoM evaM zikSAvidoM ne unheM 'padmazrI sammAna' diye jAne kA susamAcAra jAnakara vyApaka harSa vyakta kiyA hai tathA unakA abhinaMdana kiyA hai| sAtha hI bhArata sarakAra ko aise suyogya vyaktitva ke liye yaha sammAna diye jAne ke prati hArdika kRtajJatA jJApita kI hai| prAkRtavidyA-parivAra evaM kundakunda bhAratI nyAsa kI ora se vidvadvareNya DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI ko isa pratiSThita sammAna kI prApti hone para hArdika abhinaMdana hai| tathA unake sudIrgha yazasvI susvastha jIvana kI maMgalakAmanA bhii| -sampAdaka ** zrImatI zarana rAnI bAkalIvAla ko 'padmabhUSaNa' sammAna 'saroda rAnI' ke nAma se vizvavikhyAta zrImatI zaranarAnI bAkalIvAla deza kI supratiSThita evaM variSThatama saMgIta-vizeSajJa haiN| ve bhArata kI prathama saroda-vAdikA haiM, jo vigata tIna pIr3hiyoM se sarodavAdana ke lie samarpita haiN| Apako bhArata ke prathama pradhAnamaMtrI paM0. javAharalAla neharU jI ne 'bhArata kA sAMskRtika rAjadUta' kahakara abhinaMdita kiyA thaa| aura yaha ucita bhI hai, kyoMki Apane sampUrNa vizva meM sarodavAdana ke mAdhyama se bhAratIya saMgIta ko gauravAnvita kiyA hai| ____ Apako san 1968 I0 meM 'padmazrI' sammAna milA thaa| phira 'rASTrIya saMgIta dillI kA sAhityakalA-pariSad evArDa' (1974), laoNsa aiMjilsa vizvavidyAlaya; amerikA dvArA DaoNkTareTa kI mAnada upAdhi (1979) 'nATaka akAdamI evArDa' (1986) evaM dillI vizvavidyAlaya dvArA vizeSa sammAnita elyUmini evArDa' (1999) Adi samaya-samaya para prApta hote rahe haiN| isa varSa bhArata ke mahAmahima rASTrapati kI ora se Apako 'padmabhUSaNa' sammAna diye jAne kI ghoSaNA kI gayI hai, jo nizcaya hI bhAratIya saMgIta ke prati Apake apAra samarpaNa evaM niSThA kA supariNAma hai| ___ 'saMgIta-sarasvatI', 'kalAmUrti', 'abhinava saMgIta zAradA', 'kalAratna', 'sarodazrI', 'bhArata gaurava' evaM 'kalA-ziromaNi' Adi upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita zrImatI zaranarAnI bAkalIvAla ko zrImatI vijayalakSmI paMDita ne 1968 meM tatkAlIna rASTrapati DaoN0 jAkira husaina kI adhyakSatA meM eka svataMtra abhinaMdana-grantha vizAla samAroha meM samarpita kiyA thaa| isa taraha sammAnita hone vAlI ve bhArata kI ekamAtra saMgItajJa haiN| 40 102 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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Apake durlabha vAdyayaMtroM kI eka svataMtra saMgIta-vAdya dIrghA' Apake nAma se dillI ke rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya meM hai, jisakA udghATana 1980 meM tatkAlIna pradhAnamaMtrI zrI iMdirA gAMdhI ne kiyA thaa| yaha isa zreNI kI deza kI vizAlatama saMgrahadIrghA hai| ___ digambara jaina kula kI gauravamUrti zrImatI zaranarAnI bAkalIvAla eka dharmaniSTha sAttvika mahilAratna haiN| ApakI pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja meM vizeSa AsthA hai| isa varSa ke padmabhUSaNa' sammAna se sammAnita kiye jAne para prAkRtavidyA-parivAra kI ora se ApakA hArdika abhinaMdana hai| -sampAdaka ** AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI ke 'pIyUSa-parva' para bra0 kamalAbAI jI ko 'sAhU zrI azoka jaina-smRti puraskAra' samarpita paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja kA 75vAM janmadivasa 'pIyUSa-parva' ke rUpa meM lAlakilA ke sAmane pareDa grAuNDa ke AcArya kundakunda sabhA maNDapa meM Ayojita eka samAroha meM manAyA gyaa| isI avasara para zikSA ke kSetra meM ullekhanIya yogadAna ke lie zrI digambara jaina Adarza mahilA mahAvidyAlaya zrImahAvIrajI kI saMsthApikA bra0 kamalAbAI jI ko jaina samAja bar3auta (u0pra0) dvArA sthApita dvitIya 'sAhU azoka jaina smRti puraskAra' pradAna kiyA gyaa| samAroha ke mukhya atithi rASTrIya svayaM sevaka saMgha ke sarasaMghacAlaka zrI ku0 sI0 sudarzana ne AcAryazrI ko zrIphala bheMTakara apanI vinayAMjali arpita karate hue kahA ki "vizva meM kevala bhArata hI ekamAtra aisA AdhyAtmika deza hai jahA~ ise karmabhUmi ke rUpa meM dekhA jAtA hai| yahA~ sabhI dharmoM ke saMtoM ne bhAratabhUmi ko pavitra mAnA hai| bhAratIya saMskRti tyAga aura tapasyA kI rahI hai| 1947 meM hama bhale hI AjAda ho gae, paraMtu mAnasika rUpa se svataMtra nahIM hue| isake lie maikAle kI zikSA paddhati mukhya kAraNa hai| yadi hamane bhAratIya mUlyoM ko apanAyA hotA, to Aja jo hiMsA evaM asatya kA bolabAlA hai, vaha na hotaa| hamArI zikSA bhAratIya saMskRti ke anurUpa honI caahiye|" unhoMne spaSTa kiyA ki "jaba taka pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja jaise saMtoM se mArgadarzana lekara bhAratIya saMskRti evaM paramparAoM ke anurUpa isa deza kI vyavasthA nahIM calAyI jAyegI; taba taka bhAratavarSa apane khoye hue gaurava evaM pratiSThA ko puna: prApta nahIM kara skegaa| eka aisI vayovRddha zikSAvid ke sammana kA puNyakArya jo Aja pUjya AcAryazrI ke pAvana sAnnidhya meM huA hai, vaha usa zaikSika vyavasthA kA sammAna hai, jisameM bhAratIya sAMskRtika paramparA ke mUla Adarza surakSita haiN|" pUjya AcAryazrI ne apane maMgala AzIrvacana meM kahA ki "yadi hamane anuzAsana kA pAlana kiyA hotA, to deza kahIM kA kahIM pahu~ca jaataa|" cANakya ke 'arthazAstra' kI tulanA apane kamaNDalu se karate hue AcAryazrI ne kahA ki "isakA Aya kA rAstA bar3A evaM vyaya kA choTA hai| yahI arthazAstra kA mukhya niyama hai; paraMtu Aja galata nItiyoM ne deza ko prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 00 103

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karjadAra banA diyA hai| ahiMsaka arthazAstra sadaiva niyaMtrita hotA hai|" homa ez2a TU vaizAlI' nAmaka pustaka meM prakAzita prathama rASTrapati DaoN0 rAjendra prasAda jI ke lekha kA jikra karate hue AcAryazrI ne kahA ki "yadi hamane vaizAlI gaNataMtra kI praNAlI apanA lI hotI, to deza unnati ke zikhara para hotaa|" bra0 kamalAbAI jI dvArA mahilAoM kI zikSA ke lie yogadAna kI sarAhanA karate hue AcAryazrI ne kahA ki "yaha siddhAMta hai ki eka nArI par3hegI to sAta pIr3hI tiregii| AcArya jinasena ne bhI nArI kI zikSA para bala diyA hai|" zrI sudarzana ne bra0 kamalAbAI ko rajata prazastipatra, svarNapadaka, sarasvatI pratimA, zrIphala evaM eka lAkha kI rAzi kA caika bheMTa kiyaa| samAroha kA saMcAlana karate hue DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ne bra0 kamalAbAI jI kA prabhAvI paricaya diyA tathA prazastipatra kA vAcana kiyaa| zrImatI sarayU daphtarI ne tilaka, pro0 DaoN0 suSamA siMghavI ne zAla bheMTa kara mAlyArpaNa kiyaa| 'sAhU azoka jaina puraskAra samiti' ke adhyakSa zrI sukhamAla canda jaina ne batAyA ki "sAhU azoka jI kI ni:svArtha sevAoM se samAja kabhI uRNa nahIM ho sktaa| ve atyanta mRdubhASI, kuzala netRtva ke dhanI tathA kAryakartAoM ko sAtha lekara calate the| unakI smRti ko tAjA rakhane ke lie hI isa puraskAra kI sthApanA kI gaI hai|" bra0 kamalAbAI jI ne AbhAra vyakta karate hue kahA ki "manuSya jJAna, caritra evaM vidyA ke binA adhUrA hai| puruSa ko nArI hI sanmArga para lagAtI hai|" unhoMne puraskAra meM milI eka lAkha kI rAzi nirdhana chAtrAoM ke lie kharca karane kI ghoSaNA kii| unake dvArA sthApita mahAvidyAlaya meM do hajAra se bhI adhika chAtrAyeM par3hatI haiN| 1953 meM 6 lar3akiyoM se isa vidyAlaya kI zuruAta kI gaI thii| yahA~ se nikalI aneka chAtrAeM ucca padoM para kAryarata hai| isa vidyAlaya kI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM prAimarI se lekara ema0e0 taka sabhI ke lie zikSA ni:zulka hai| zrI sudarzana ne samAroha ke saMyojaka zrI cakreza jaina ko bhI sammAnita kiyaa| unhoMne AcAryazrI ke bhajanoM ke saMgraha, DAyarI evaM ratnatraya patrikA kA lokArpaNa bhI kiyaa| samAroha meM zrImahAvIrajI kI sAMsada zrImatI jasakaura mINA, atizaya kSetra ke adhyakSa zrI ena0ke0 seThI, zrI zIlacanda jI jauharI, zrI rameza canda jaina (pIesaje) Adi vizeSa rUpa se upasthita the| AkAzavANI ke mahAnidezaka zrI haricaraNa varmA evaM zAlinI jaina ne bhAvapUrNa bhajana prastuta kie| DaoN0 jayakumAra jaina ne sarasvatI vandanA evaM DaoN0 premasumana jaina ne vaizAlI gaNataMtra kI mahattA btaaii| -sampAdaka ** prAcyavidyA sammelana cennaI (madrAsa) meM a0bhA0 prAcyavidyA sammelana kA 40vA~ adhivezana 28, 29,30 maI 2000 ko mInAkSI kaoNleja, arakoTa ror3a koDamabakkama, cennaI (madrAsa) meM Ayojita ho rahA hai| isa sammelana meM deza-videza ke lagabhaga 1500 sau vidvAn sammilita hoNge| isa adhivezana ke prAkRta evaM jainadharma khaNDa ke adhyakSa prophesara DaoN0 premasumana jaina, sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura cune 00 104 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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gaye haiN| 'prAkRta evaM jainadharma vibhAga' meM prastuta kiye jAne vAle zodha-AlekhoM kA pramukha viSaya "jainavidyA adhyayana ke 100 varSa" rakhA gayA hai| prAkRta evaM jainadharma khaNDa meM sammilita hone vAle vidvAnoM se anurodha hai ki ve apane zodha Alekha kA viSaya 'jainavidyA adhyayana ke 100 varSa' se sambandhita rakheM aura apane Alekha kI eka TaMkita prati prophesara premasumana jaina 29, vidyAvihAra kaoNlonI, uttarI sundaravAsa, udayapura-313001 ko avazya bhijavA deN| isa adhivezana meM pro0 hIrAlAla jaina (jabalapura) ke yogadAna saMbaMdhI AlekhoM kA bhI eka satra Ayojita hogaa| cayanita starIya zodha-AlekhoM ke prakAzana kI aura unake lekhakoM ko samucita mAnadeya pradAna karane kI bhI vyavasthA kI jA rahI hai| -DaoN0 azoka kumAra jaina, lADanUM (rAja0) ** __ zrImatI sarayU daphtarI AI0ema0sI0 kI naI adhyakSa banIM bhAratI vANijya evaM vyApAra-jagat kI supratiSThita saMsthA iMDiyana marceTa caimbara (I.M.C.) ke satra 2000-2001 ke lie adhyakSa pada ko gauravAnvita karane hetu suprasiddha udyogapati evaM samAjasevikA zrImatI sarayU daphtarI (tAI jI) ko nirvirodha rUpa se sarvasammati se cunA gayA hai| ve isake pUrva bhI san 1981 I0 meM isa pada ko suzobhita kara cukI haiN| yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki ve isa pratiSThita SA saMgaThana kI sarvaprathama mahilA-adhyakSa thIM ! . sau0 sarayU daphtarI apane paricitoM meM 'tAI jI' ke nAma se vikhyAta Apa eka A6 yAtmika, zAMtipriya, karmaTha evaM jijJAsuvRtti kI sAttvika mahilAratna hai| samasta jaina samAja ko Apake vyaktitva evaM ullekhanIya kAryoM para garva hai| ____ kundakunda bhAratI-parivAra evaM prAkRtavidyA-parivAra isa suavasara para AdaraNIya tAI jI kA hArdika abhinaMdana karatA hai tathA unake netRtva meM yaha saMsthA ahiMsaka arthazAstra ke bhAratIya mUlyoM ko vyavahAra meM lAne meM samartha ho sake - etadartha hArdika maMgalakAmanA karatA -sampAdaka ** ahiMsA inTaranezanala ke 1999 ke vArSika puraskAra pradatta ___ ahiMsA inTaranezanala kI cayana samiti dvArA vArSika puraskAroM (varSa 1999) ke antargata isa varSa nimnalikhita vidvAnoM evaM samAjaseviyoM ko sammAnita kiyA gayA hai| 1. 'ahiMsA inTaranezanala DipTImala AdIzvara lAla jaina sAhitya puraskAra' 31000/ DaoN0 ke0 Ara0 candrA ahamadAbAda ko prAkRta sAhitya meM zodha evaM saMzodhana ke liye| 2. 'ahiMsA inTaranezanala bhagavAnadAsa zobhAlAla jaina zAkAhAra puraskAra' 21000/ suzrI DaoN0 racanA jaina sAgara ko zAkAhAra para baccoM meM zAkAhAra vikAsa' para prazaMsanIya lekhana ke lie diyA gyaa| 3. 'ahiMsA inTaranezanala raghuvIrasiMha jaina jIvarakSA puraskAra' 11000/- suzrI razmi zarmA prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 00 105

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(naI dillI) jIvAzrama aspatAla' dvArA jIvoM kI sAkSAt rakSA ke lie pradAna kiyA gyaa| 4. 'ahiMsA inTaranezanala premacanda jaina patrakAritA puraskAra' 11000/- DaoN0 anupama jaina (indaura) 'arhat vacana' ke saMpAdaka, jaina gaNitajJa ko samarpita kiyA gyaa| ye puraskAra 9 apraila 2000, ko kamAnI sabhAgAra, naI dillI meM bhavya samAroha meM bheMTa kiye gaye haiN| 'prAkRtavidyA'-parivAra kI ora se sabhI puraskRta sajjanoM ko hArdika badhAI -sampAdaka ** yU0jI0sI0 ke pAThyakramoM meM prAkRtabhASA' svataMtra viSaya ke rUpa meM prArambha vizvavidyAlaya anudAna Ayoga (yU0jI0sI0) ke dvArA varSa meM do bAra Ayojita' hone vAlI vyAkhyAtApada-arhatA-parIkSA' (N.E.T.) tathA kaniSTha zodha-adhyetAvRtti pAtratA parIkSA' (J.R.F.) ke pAThyakramoM meM 'prAkRtabhASA' ko svatantra viSaya ke rUpa meM mAnyatA prApta thI; kiMtu gatavarSa yaha mAnyatA apratyAzita rUpa se samApta kara dI gayI thii| taba se prAkRtabhASA ke adhyetAoM evaM bhASAvidoM meM yU0jI0sI0 ke isa kadama ke prati vyApaka kheda vyApta thaa| yaha parama harSa kA viSaya hai ki vikhyAta zikSAvid DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI ke sadprayatnoM se vizvavidyAlaya anudAna Ayoga ke adhyakSa mAnanIya zrI harigautama jI ne 'prAkRtabhASA' ko ina parIkSAoM meM puna: svatantra-viSaya ke rUpa meM mAnyatA de dI hai| unake isa kadama kA prAkRtabhASA-premiyoM evaM zikSAvidoM ne vyApaka svAgata kiyA hai tathA isa mahAn kArya ko karAne ke lie DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI ke prati evaM 'vizvavidyAlaya anudAna Ayoga' ke prati hArdika kRtajJatA vyakta kI hai| -DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ** DaoN0 darabArIlAla jI koThiyA kA samAdhimaraNa __ jaina-vidvAnoM kI paramparA meM cAra nyAyAcArya vidvAn huye - pUjya kSu0 gaNeza prasAda jI varNI, paM0 mANika canda jI kaundeya, DaoN0 mahendra kumAra jI jaina evaM DaoN0 darabArI lAla jI kotthiyaa| ina cAroM vidvAnoM ne jainasamAja kI evaM sAhitya kI jo anupama sevA kI hai, use jainasamAja ke itihAsa meM svarNAkSaroM meM likhA jAnA caahiye| ___ DaoN0 darabArIlAla koThiyA isa paramparA ke aMtima vidvAn the| unhoMne jaina tattvajJAna ko vyAvahArika jIvana meM utArate huye 'paMDitamaraNa' kA varaNa kiyaa| aise advitIya manISI ke prati sugatigamana evaM bodhilAbha kI maMgalakAmanA ke sAtha 'prAkRtavidyA-parivAra' kI ora se hArdika zraddhAsumana samarpita haiN| -sampAdaka ** 'patrAcAra prAkRta pAThyakrama digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIrajI dvArA saMcAlita apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI dvArA "patrAcAra prAkRta sarTiphikeTa pAThyakrama" prArambha kiyA jA rahA hai| satra 1 julAI, 2000 se 10 106 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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prArambha hogaa| niyamAvalI evaM ovadana patra dinAMka 15 mArca se 31 mArca, 2000 taka akAdamI kAryAlaya, digambara jaina nasiyA~ bhaTTArakajI, savAI rAmasiMha ror3a, jayapura-4 se prApta kreN| kAryAlaya meM Avedana patra pahu~cane kI antima tArIkha 15 maI 2000 hai| -DaoN0 kamalacanda sogANI, jayapura (rAja0) ** prAkRtabhASA bhAratIya saMskRti kI antarAtmA hai vArANasI meM 'ikkIsavIM zatI meM prAkRtabhASA evaM sAhitya : vikAsa kI saMbhAvanAyeM' viSaya para Ayojita paricarcA saMgoSThI kI adhyakSatA kara rahe pro0 bholAzaMkara vyAsa ne kahA ki "prAkRtabhASA mAtra bhASA hI nahIM, balki yaha bhArata kI antarAtmA aura sampUrNa sAMskRtika pahacAna kA mAdhyama hai| Aja bhI isakA prAya: sabhI bhASAoM para prabhAva vidyamAna hai| aneka prAdezika aura lokabhASAyeM isI se udbhUta haiM; kintu vizvavidyAlayoM ke pAThyakramoM meM isakI upekSA asahanIya hai| saMskRta, hindI Adi bhASA sAhitya ke adhyayana ke sAtha prAkRta kA adhyayana anivArya kara denA caahiye|" pramukha vaktA ke rUpa meM pro0 lakSmInArAyaNa tivArI ne kahA ki "prAkRtabhASA meM bhArata kI saMskRti kA hArda samAyA huA hai| ata: isakI rakSA aura vikAsa ke liye saMgharSa kI AvazyakatA hai, sAtha hI zatAbdiyoM pUrva sthApita yaha bhrama TUTanA cAhiye ki saMskRta bhASA se prAkRtabhASA kI utpatti huii| yathArtha sthiti yaha hai ki saMskRta bhI prAkRta se vyutpanna hai| kAzI hiMdU vizvavidyAlaya jaise vizAla aura gauravapUrNa vizvavidyAlaya meM prAkRta adhyayana kA abhAva bhI kama AzcaryakArI nahIM hai|" ___ kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke pUrva hindI vibhAgAdhyakSa evaM apabhraMza bhASA ke vikhyAt vidvAn pro0 zambhUnAtha pANDe ne paM0 hajArIprasAda dvivedI jI kA saMsmaraNa sunAte hue kahA ki "paM0 jI hamezA kahA karate the ki saMskRtabhASA se maiM saMskAra prApta karatA hU~; kintu prAkRta aura apabhraMza bhASAoM se maiM oja-zakti tathA jIvana prApta karatA huuN| unhoMne kahA ki jise prAkRta aura apabhraMza bhASA kA jJAna na ho, vaha bhAratIya saMskRti ko bhI nahIM samajha sktaa| prAkRtabhASA mAtra eka bhASA hI nahIM hai, apitu vaha prANadhArA hai; jisameM saMpUrNa bhAratIya saMskRti samAhita hai|" . saMpUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya meM 'tulanAtmaka dharmadarzana vibhAga' ke vibhAgAdhyakSa pro0 rAdhezyAmadhara dvivedI ne kahA ki "saMskRtabhASA ke pUrNa vikAsa ke liye prAkRta aura pAlI kA vikAsa Avazyaka hai| bhAratIya tathA prAdezika sarakAroM ko isakA samucita vikAsa karane kA prayAsa karanA caahiye| inhoMne Age kahA kisI bhASA yA saMskRti-vizeSa ko mahattva diye binA sabhI bhASAoM aura saMskRtiyoM kA samAna rUpa se vikAsa karanA cAhiye; anyathA hama saMpUrNa bhAratIya saMskRti ko nahIM samajha skeNge|" mukhya atithi pada se bhArata kalA bhavana ke pUrvanidezaka pro0 ramezacandra zarmA ne kahA prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 00 107

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ki "prAkRtabhASA bhAratIya saMskRti kA eka abhinna aMga hai aura isakA anAdara bhAratIya saMskRti kA anAdara hai| yaha bhASA mAtra jaina samudAya taka hI sImita nahIM hai, apitu isakA bahuta vizAla kSetra hai| samrATa azoka ke tathA bhArata ke anya prAcInatama zilAlekha prAkRtabhASA meM hI upalabdha haiN| vastuta: yaha bhASA bhAratIya samAja ko pratibiMbita karatI hai| isaliye yadi sAmAnya janatA taka pahu~canA hai, to prAkRtabhASA kA adhyayana Avazyaka hai| Aja yadi isakI upekSA kareMge to bhaviSya hameM kabhI mApha nahIM kregaa|" saMgoSThI meM prasiddha vaidika vidvAn DaoN0 hRdayaraMjana zarmA, DaoN0 gaMgAdhara paNDA, DaoN0 vaziSTha nArAyaNa sinhA, prasiddha gAMdhIvAdI zrI zarada kumAra sAdhaka, DaoN. vijaya kumAra, sarayUpArI brAhmaNa pariSad ke mahAmaMtrI zrI narendra rAma tripAThI Adi ne bhI apane vicAra vyakta kiye| -DaoN0 phUlacandra premI, vArANasI ** lekhakagaNoM Avazyaka nivedana pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja 'niyama sallekhanA' kI maryAdAoM ke anurUpa kramaza: janasamparka kI pravRttiyoM se dUra ho rahe haiN| isIke antargata pUjya AcAryazrI kA Adeza hai ki unake nAma se yA unakI stuti/prazaMsA Adi meM koI lekha, kavitA Adi likhakara na bhejeN| yadi aisI racanAyeM AyIM, to hameM khedapUrvaka unheM asvIkRta karanA pdd'egaa| pUjya AcAryazrI kA Adeza sabhI bhaktajana zirodhArya kreNge| aisA vizvAsa hai| ___-sampAdaka ** sabhAzAstra aura vaktRtva "sabhA vA na praveSTavyA praviSTazca vaded vRSa / abuvan vibruvan vApi naro bhavati kilbissii||" - (manu0 8/13) artha:- yA to sabhA-sammelana meM praveza nahIM karanA acchA hai aura yadi sabhAoM meM praveza karanA cAhate hI haiM, to vahA~ dharma aura maryAdAyukta 'vacana' bolanA caahiye| jo vaktA yA to mauna rahatA hai, athavA tathya ko vikRta karake bolatA hai, to vaha mahAn pApa kA bhAgI hotA hai| muni, upAdhyAya aura AcAryoM ke jihvA para tIna lagAma lage haiM (satyamahAvrata, bhASAsamiti aura vacana gupti) ina tIna baMdhana ko tor3anA mahAn anartha kA kAraNa hai| "kSiped vAkyazarAn ghorAn na pAruSyaviSaplutAn / vAkpAruSyaruSA cakre bhIma: kurukulakSayam / / " - (zAgadhara paddhati, 1512) artha:- kaThoratA kA viSa mizrita karate hue vAkyarUpa bANa kisI bhI vyakti para nahIM chor3ane cAhiye, kyoMki duryodhana ke kaThora vAkyoM se krodhita hue rAjakumAra bhIma ne kurukula kA saMhAra kara diyaa| * * 00 108 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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isa aMka ke lekhaka /lekhikAyeM 1. AcAryazrI vidyAnanda munirAja --- bhArata kI yazasvI zramaNa paramparA ke utkRSTa uttarAdhikArI evaM abhIkSNa jJAnopayogI saMta paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja vartamAna munisaMghoM meM variSThatama haiM / isa aMka meM prakAzita 'abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga' evaM 'gorakSA se ahiMsaka saMskRti kI rakSA' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA viracita haiM / 2. rAmadhArI siMha dinakara - bhArata ke yazasvI rASTrakavi dinakara jI jananetA bhI the aura siddhahasta lekhaka bhii| aisI bahuAyAmI pratibhA ke dhanI mahAmanISI apane sAhitya ke rUpa meM Aja bhI janajIvana meM vidyamAna haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'vaizAlI' nAmaka kavitA Apake dvArA viracita haiM / 3. paM0 nAthUlAla jI zAstrI -- Apa saMpUrNa bhAratavarSa meM jainavidyA ke, vizeSataH pratiSThAvidhAna evaM saMskAra ke kSetra meM sarvAdhika pratiSThita vayovRddha vidvAn haiM / Apane deza bhara ke anekoM mahattvapUrNa kAryakramoM kA digdarzana kiyA hai tathA sAmAjika zikSaNa ke kArya meM ApakA anyatama yogadAna rahA hai| Apane vividha viSayoM para anekoM prAmANika mahattvapUrNa pustakeM bhI likhIM haiM / isa aMka meM prakAzita 'eka mahattvapUrNa prazna kA samAdhAna' tathA 'bhaTTAraka paramparA evaM eka namra nivedana' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA viracita haiM / sthAyI patA - 42, zIza mahala, sara hukumacaMda mArga, iMdaura - 452002 ( ma0pra0) 4. DaoN0 rAjArAma jaina --- Apa magadha vizvavidyAlaya meM prAkRta, apabhraMza ke prophesara pada se sevAnivRtta hokara zrI kundakunda bhAratI jaina zodha saMsthAna ke nidezaka haiN| anekoM mahattvapUrNa granthoM, pAThyapustakoM evaM zodha AlekhoM ke yazasvI lekhk| isa aMka ke antargata prakAzita 'jaina samAja kA mahanIya gaurava graMtha kAtaMtra - vyAkaraNa' evaM 'apabhraMza ke kaDavaka chanda kA svarUpa vikAsa' nAmaka zodha AlekhoM ke lekhaka Apa haiM 1 sthAyI patA -- mahAjana TolI naM0 2, ArA-802301 ( bihAra ) 5. DaoN0 vidyAvatI jaina - Apa magadha vizvavidyAlaya kI sevAnivRtta prophesara haiM tathA jaina - sAhitya evaM prAkRtabhASA kI acchI viduSI haiN| Apa pro0 ( DaoN0 ) rAjArAma jaina kI sahadharmiNI haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'haMsadIpa : jaina rahasyavAda kI eka utpreraka kavitA' zIrSaka lekha ApakA hai 1 sthAyI patA - mahAjana TolI naM0 2, ArA-802301 (bihAra ) 6. DaoN0 premacaMda rAMvakA--- Apa hindI - sAhitya ke suvijJa vidvAn haiM / isa aMka meM prakAzita Alekha 'manISI sAdhaka : paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha' Apake dvArA racita hai| sthAyI patA--1910, khejar3oM kA rAstA, jayapura-302003 ( rAja0 ) 7. DaoN0 mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA - Apa jainavidyA ke kSetra meM suparicita hastAkSara haiM, tathA prAkRtavidyA u [+ janavarI - mArca 2000 109

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niyamita rUpa se lekhanakArya karate rahate haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda vaMdanASTaka' nAmaka kavitA ke racayitA Apa haiN| sthAyI patA--maMgala kalaza, 394, sarvodaya nagara, AgarA ror3a, alIgar3ha-202001 (u0pra0) 8. zrI rAjakumAra jaina--Apa jainavidyA ke gaveSI vidvAn haiM tathA Ayurveda-jagat meM ApakI vizeSa khyAti hai| isa aMka meM prakAzita Alekha 'zrutajJAna aura aMga vAGmaya' Apake dvArA likhita hai| sthAyI patA--phlaiTa naM0-112A, blaoNka-C, paoNkeTa-C, zAlImAra bAga, dillI-110052 9. DaoN0 udayacaMda jaina-samprati sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura (rAja.) meM prAkRta vibhAga ke adhyakSa haiN| prAkRtabhASA evaM vyAkaraNa ke vizruta vidvAn evaM siddhahasta prAkRta kavi haiN| ___isa aMka meM prakAzita 'kAtaMtra vyAkaraNa aura usakI upAdeyatA' zIrSaka Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta haiN| sthAyI patA--piUkuMja, aravinda nagara, glAsa phaikTrI caurAhA, udayapura-313001 (rAja0) 10. DaoN0 sudIpa jaina zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI meM prAkRtabhASA vibhAga meM upAcArya (rIDara) evaM vibhAgAdhyakSa hone ke sAtha-sAtha prAkRtabhASA pAThyakrama ke saMyojaka bhI haiN| anekoM pustakoM ke lekhaka, sampAdaka / prastuta patrikA ke mAnada smpaadk'| isa aMka meM prakAzita sampAdakIya' ke atirikta 'kumAra: zramaNAdibhiH sUtra kA bauddha paramparA se saMbaMdha nahIM' nAmaka Alekha Apake dvArA likhita haiN| sthAyI patA--bI-32, chattarapura eksaTeMzana, naMdA phArma ke pIche, naI dillI-110030 11. DaoN0 jayakumAra upAdhye--Apa jainadarzana, pratiSThAvidhAna, jyotiSa evaM vAstuvidyA ke acche pratiSThita vidvAn haiN| tathA vibhinna viSayoM para Apa likhate rahate haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'bhaTTAraka paramparA' zIrSaka Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| sthAyI patA--bI-34, DI0DI0e0 phlaiTa, kaTavAriyA sarAya, naI dillI-110016 12. zrImatI amitA jaina--prAkRta, apabhraMza evaM jainavidyA kI svAdhyAyI vidussii| isa aMka meM prakAzita Alekha 'jainadarzanAnusAra zizu kI saMvedanazakti evaM vijJAna kI avadhAraNA' nAmaka lekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| patrAcAra-patA--bI-704, prathama tala, saphadarajaMga inkleva eksaTeMzana, naI dillI-110029 13. zrImatI raMjanA jaina hindI sAhitya, jainadarzana evaM prAkRtabhASA kI viduSI lekhikA haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita Alekha 'ahiMsA : eka vizvadharma' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA viracita hai| sthAyI patA--bI-32, chattarapura eksaTeMzana, naMdA phArma ke pIche, naI dillI-110030 ____ 14. DaoN0 (zrImatI) mAyA jaina Apa jainadarzana, kI acchI viduSI haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI sAmAjika cetanA' zIrSaka Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta sthAyI patA--piUkuMja, aravinda nagara, glAsa phaikTrI caurAhA, udayapura-313001 (rAja0) 00 110 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000

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prAkRtavidyA ke sambandha meM tathya-sambandhI ghoSaNA prakAzaka prakAzana sthAna : 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-67 prakAzana avadhi : traimAsika : surezacandra jaina rASTrIyatA : bhAratIya patA : kundakunda bhAratI 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-67 mudraka : mahendra kumAra jaina rASTrIyatA : bhAratIya patA : kundakunda bhAratI 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-67 sampAdaka : DaoN0 sudIpa jaina rASTrIyatA : bhAratIya patA : kundakunda bhAratI 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-67 svAmitva surezacandra jaina mantrI, kundakunda bhAratI 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-67 maiM surezacandra jaina etaddvArA ghoSita karatA hU~ ki merI adhikatama jAnakArI evaM vizvAsa ke anusAra uparyukta vivaraNa satya haiN| surezacandra jaina prakAzaka prAkRtavidyA ke svatvAdhikArI evaM prakAzaka zrI surezacandra jaina, maMtrI, zrI kundakunda bhAratI, 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-110067 dvArA prakAzita; evaM mudraka zrI mahendra kumAra jaina dvArA, pRthA oNphaseTsa prA0 li0, naI dillI-110028 para mudrita / bhArata sarakAra paMjIyana saMkhyA 48869/89 prAkRtavidyA-janavarI-mArca '2000 10 111

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'sarvAsveha hi zuddhAsu jAtiSu dvijasattamAH / zaurasenIM samAzritya bhASA kAvyeSu yojayet / / ' - (nATyazAstra) artha:- he zreSTha brAhmaNo ! sabhI zuddha jAtivAle logoM ke lie zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA kA Azraya lekara hI kAvyoM meM bhASA kA prayoga karanA caahiye| zaurasenI prAkRta "zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA kA kSetra kRSNa-sampradAya kA kSetra rahA hai| isI prAkRtabhASA meM prAcIna AbhIroM ke gItoM kI madhura abhivyaMjanA huI, jinameM sarvatra kRSNa kathApuruSa rahe haiM aura yaha paramparA brajabhASA - kAvyakAla taka akSuNNarUpa se pravAhita hotI A rahI hai / " -- DaoN0 surendranAtha dIkSita (bharata aura bhAratIya nATyakalA, pRSTha 75 ) " bhaktikAlIna hiMdI kAvya kI pramukha bhASA 'brajabhASA' hai| isake aneka kAraNa . haiN| paramparA se yahA~ kI bolI zaurasenI 'madhyadeza' kI kAvya-bhASA rahI hai| brajabhASA Adhunika AryabhASAkAla meM usI zaurasenI kA rUpa thI / isameM sUradAsa jaise mahAn lokapriya kavi ne racanA kI aura vaha kRSNa-bhakti ke kendra 'braja' kI bolI thI, jisase yaha kRSNa bhakti kI bhASA bana gaI / " - vizvanAtha tripAThI (hiMdI sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pR0 18 ) " mathurA jaina AcAryoM kI pravRttiyoM kA pramukha kendra rahA hai, ataeva unakI racanAoM meM zaurasenI - pramukhatA AnA svAbhAvika hai| zvetAMbarIya AgamagranthoM kI ardhamAgadhI aura digambarIya AgamagranthoM kI zaurasenI meM yahI baDA antara kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'a 'mAgadhI' meM racita AgamoM meM ekarUpatA nahIM dekhI jAtI, jabakI 'zaurasenI' meM racitabhASA kI ekarUpatA samagrabhAva se dRSTigocara hotI hai|" - DaoN0 jagadIzacaMdra jaina ( prAkRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, pR0 30-31 ) "prAkRta boliyoM meM bolacAla kI bhASAyeM vyavahAra meM lAI jAtI hai, unameM sabase prathama sthAna zaurasenI kA hai| jaisA ki usakA nAma svayaM batAtA hai, isa prAkRta ke mUla meM zUrasena ke mUla meM bolI jAnevAlI bhASA hai| isa zUrasena kI rAjadhAnI mathurAthI / - Ara. pizala (kamperiTiva grAmara oNpha prAkRta laiMgveja, praveza 30-31 ) prAkRtabhASA ke prayoktA "mathurA ke Asa-pAsa kA pradeza 'zUrasena' nAma se prasiddha thA aura usa deza kI bhASA 'zaurasenI' kahalAtI thI / ukta ullekha se isa bhASA kI prAcInatA ariSTanemi se bhI pUrvavartI kAla taka pahu~catI hai|" - ( maghavA zatAbdI mahotsava vyavasthA samiti, saradArazahara (rAja0) dvArA prakAzita 'saMskRta prAkRta vyAkaraNa evaM koza kI paramparA' nAmaka pustaka se sAbhAra uddhRta) 00112 prAkRtavidyA+janavarI-mArca 2000

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25 julAI 1963 I0 ko zramaNa-dIkSA ke uparAnta AtmadhyAna meM lIna munizrI vidyAnanda jI kA durlabha citra (dhyAna viSayaka vivaraNa pIche dekheM)

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'dRSTivAda' nAmaka bArahaveM aMga meM dhyAna kA svarUpa "tathAhi - dhyAnaM dhyAnasaMtAnastathaiva dhyAnacintA (ciMtAzabdo jJAna-sAmAnyavacana:) dhyAnAnvayaM suucyti| tatraikAgryaciMtAnirodho dhyaanm| taccaM zuddhAzuddharUpeNa dvidhA / atha dhyAnasaMtAna: kathyate--yatrAntarmuhUrtaparyantaM dhyAnaM, tadanantaramantarmuhUrtaparyantaM tattvaciMtA, punarapyantarmahUrtaparyantaM dhyAnaM, punarapi tata: ciMteti pramattApramattaguNasthAnavadantarmuhUrte'ntarmahUrte gate sati parAvartanamasti sa dhyAnasaMtAno bhnnyte| sa ca dhrmdhyaan-smbndhii|" -(AcArya jayasena, pravacanasAra, tAtparyavRtti TIkA, gAthA 196) artha:-dhyAna, dhyAna kI saMtAna (santati yA paramparA), dhyAna-ciMtA (ciMtAzabda jJAnasAmAnya kA vAcaka hai) evaM dhyAnAnvaya kA sUcana isaprakAra hai ekAgra (eka-agra AtmA hI hai) ciMtA-nirodha ko 'dhyAna' kahate haiN| vaha dhyAna zuddha aura azuddharUpa se do prakAra kA hai| aba 'dhyAna-saMtAna' kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai--'yahA~ antarmuhUrta taka dhyAna usake bAda antarmuhUrta taka tattva-ciMtA, puna: puna: antamuhurta taka dhyAna phira tattva-ciMtana karate haiN| (praciMtana chaThe meM vizrAma lekara) isaprakAra pramatta aura apramatta chaThaveM-sAtaveM guNasthAna meM antarmuhUrta taka jhUlate rahate haiN| ata: antarmuhUrta jAne ke bAda puna: puna: parAvartana sahaja hotA hI rahatA hai| isI ko 'dharmadhyAna saMtAna' kahA hai| . jaghanya-antarmuhUrta kA sUkSma samaya eka sekaNDa se bhI kama kA hotA hai| bhinna antarmuhUrta kA kAla jaghanya antarmuhUrta se aura bhI kama hI hotA hai| utkRSTa antarmuhUrta 48 miniTa hai| ____ vyApya-vyApakabhAva, jJeya-jJAyakabhAva, vedya-vedakabhAva evaM AdhAra-AdheyabhAva kA jJAna hI AtmadhyAna meM pramukha sahAyaka hai| isake binA AtmadhyAna kI kalpanA bhI kaThina hai| 'samayapAhuDa' meM pramukhata: inakA varNana isa dRSTi se saMketita hai, vizeSata: AcArya amRtacandra ke 'AtmakhyAti' nAmaka amRtabhASya meN| isake jJAna-ciMtana ke abhyAsa se zramaNa pramattasaMyata-apramattasaMyata rUpa chaThe-sAtaveM guNasthAnoM meM jhUlate haiM evaM pratyeka antarmuhUrta meM AtmAnubhUti karate haiN| vyApya-vyApaka Adi bhAvoM ke viSaya meM pUjya AcArya zrI vidyAnanda jI kA adhyayana evaM ciMtana atyanta sUkSma evaM gahana hai| isI ke kAraNa jaina AdhyAtmika tattvajJAna kI unheM acchI pakar3a hai| isa viSaya meM unakI ruci evaM pravRtti bhI rahatI hai, jo ki sampUrNa zramaNa-paramparA ko eka anukaraNIya Adarza hai|

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'pIyUSa-parva' ke zubha avasara para samarpita 'sAhUzrI azoka jaina-smRti-puraskAra-samarpaNa-samAroha' kI bhavya jhalakiyA~ zrI sudarzana jI se zrIphala-sahita eka lAkha rupayoM kI dhanarAzi grahaNa karatI huIM bra0 kamalAbAI jI samAroha ke saMyojaka evaM karmaTha kAryakartA zrI cakreza jaina (bijalI vAloM) kA sammAna karate huye mAnanIya zrI sudarzana jI

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samAroha meM sammilita dharmAnurAgI sajjanoM kA samUha-citra samAroha meM AyIM huIM dharmAnu rAgiNI mAtAoM-bahinoM kA samudAya

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(bhArata sarakAra paMjIyana saMkhyA 48869/89) "parasparopagraho jIvAnAm" - (tattvArthasUtra) "sudatitthaM dhammacakkapavaTTaNahedU" -(tiloyapaNNatti) "ahiMsA-pratiSThAyAM tatsannidhau vairtyaagH|" - (maharSi pataMjalikRta yogasUtra) Printed at PRITHA OFFSET'S (P) LTD. Ph.:5708654-55