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INTRODUCTION TO ARDHA-MĀGADHI
S. 166.
its Ablaut series and is thematised. Nothing definite could be said about the choice of the base except that the apparently thematic form was preferred.
THEMATIC BASES. (i) The first conjugation of Sk. with a base in full grade with accent and the thematic suffix -a. Sk. roots with the vowel -a and a consonant (monosyllabic) show no change : cal-'to move' calai ; khan- 'to dig' khanai ; car- 'to move' carai ; jval- 'to burn' jalai ; tyaj- 'to abandon' cayai; nam- 'to bow' namai; pac- 'to cook' payai; pat-'to fall padai; yat-'to strive' jayai; ram- 'to take delight' ramai ; lap'to speak' lavai; vad- 'to speak' vayai; vam 'to vomit' vamai ; vas- 'to live' wasai; has- 'to laugh' hasai.
(ii) If the root-vowel is -i or -u they become gunated (full grade) : tuh- 'to grow' rohai; jim- 'to eat' jemai ; akruś- 'to cry' akkosai; nud- to push' nollai. In case of r it becomes ari- (Sk. ar-): krs- 'to cultivate' karisai; mȚs- 'to forgive' marisai ; vȚs-'to rain' varisai ; vst- 'to behave' vattai (with cerebralisation and assimilation).
(iii) Some verbs of this type change their conjugation as ghas- 'to eat' ghisai ; Tuh- 'to grow' tuhai, according to the sixth conjugation ;.cal- 'to move' callai ; jim- 'to eat' jimmai; TUC- 'to like' ruccai; laga 'to cling' laggai; vraj- 'to proceed' vaccai (with devoicing), all according to the fourth conjugation (Pischel) or gemination due to penultimate accent (Jacobi). Bhan- 'to speak' bhaņāi may be after the ninth ; labh- 'to get' lambhai after the nasal sixth ; labbhai passive with active meaning; kam- 'to love' kāmei denominative in origin as in Sk.; kram- 'to step' kamai differing from Sk.; bhram- 'to wander' bhamai preserves an old conjugation.
(iv) If the monosyllable root ends with a short vowel it is naturally gunated (full grade): cyu- 'to fall' cavai ; plu- 'to float' pavai; bhū- 'to become' bhavai, harai ; hi- 'to take away' harai ; t?- 'to cross' tarai ; snap- 'to remember' sarai, sumarai; stu- 'to flow' savai. Older conjugational forms are preserved in: dhr- to hold' dharai ; my 'to die' marci; vi"to choose' varai ; s- 'to move' sarai ; change of conjugation is met in: ji- 'to conquer' jinai after the 9th.
