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94
INTRODUCTION TO ARDHA-MĀGADHI
[S. 167.
(iv) Roots with the suffix -sko- are : iş- to wish' icchai ; !- (ar-) “to go’ acchai (Pischel) or ākşeti (Turner).
(v) Roots of the fourth conjugation with a low-grade base with accent and the suffix -ya show the assimilation of the final consonant with the -ya and palatalisation when the root ends with a dental. nrt- 'to dance' naccai; yudh- 'to fight' jujjhai ; trut-'to break' tuttai; kup- 'to be angry' kuppai; lubh- 'to covet' lubbhai; ruş- 'to be angry' russai, rüsai; tus- 'to be pleased' tüsai ; śuş-'to get dry'sussai, sūsai ; dus- 'to be soiled' dūsai; dussai; kut-'to strike' kuttai; krudh- 'to be angry' kujjhai; klis- 'to be afflicted' kilesai; (with full grade) ; gıdh- 'to covet' gijjhai ; budh- to know" bujjhai; sidh- 'to be accomplished' sijjhai.
(vi) Of full grade are : hțs-'to be delighted' harisai (Epic harşati); ślis- 'to cling' silesai ; iş- 'to go' esai ; visīj- 'to let go' visajjai; of doubtful grade : man- 'to. think' mannai ; nas
to be destroyed' nassai ; pad- 'to step' pajjai ; mȚg- 'to search' maggai; vidh- 'to pierce' vindhai.
(vii) Dissyllabic roots with a weak grade or a lengthened grade may be found in : jan- 'to be produced' jāyai ; ji - 'to be old' jirai; tam- 'to languish' tammai; viśramt 'to rest' visamai; klam- 'to fade' kilammai; mad- 'to be exhilarated' majjai.
(viii) Differing from Sk. : sam- 'to be pacified' samai ; mā'to measure' māyai ; ali- 'to collect ' alliyai.
168 ATHEMATIC BASES. (i) Roots of the second conjuga. tion of a bare base before the terminations are preserved in case of -ā ending and fall under Class III. Others are thematised. Thus : sü- 'to give birth' (pa) savai; nhu- 'to conceal' ninhavai, ninhuvai ; rū- 'to cry' tuvai, rovai from the secondary base tuv- ; bhā- 'to shine' (padi) hayai ; si- 'to lie down' sayai ; stu- 'to praise' thunai ; śvas- to breath' sasai, ūsasai ; svap- 'to sleep' suvai, sovai from the secondary base suva- ; ās- 'to sit' aniyāsai, pajjuvāsai ; śās- 'to rule' sāsai; jāg?- 'to keep awake" jāgatai; vid-'to know' veyai (from the causal), han- 'to kill" hanai.
