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INTRODUCTION TO ARDHA-MĀGADHİ
(S. 186.
186 THE THEMES are either shortened forms : sumaņā of good mind' (sumanas) ; accharā divine damsel' (apsaras) ; parisā 'assembly' (parişad) or extended forms: sariyā 'river' (sarit) ; citāusā of long life' (citā yuşi); āsīsā' blessing' (aših); disā direction' (dis); vāyā' speech' (vāc); girā 'words' (gir); sampayā 'wealth' (sampad); chuhā 'thirst' (ksudh).
187 Of the PRIMARY DERIVATIVES only few are felt as such : root-nouns niddā 'sleep' (nidrā), payā 'subjects' (praja), pahā 'light' (prabhā). The use of the suffix -a is frequent : kidda * sport' (krid-ā); dayā 'compassion' (day-ā); nindā 'blame (nind-ā); samkā doubt' (sankā); himsā killing' (hims-ā); khamā 'forgiveness' (kşåm-ā); bhāsā 'speech' (bhās-ā); sevā
service' (sev-ā); cintā 'thought' (cint-ā); bhikkhā "begging' (bhikṣ-ā); with the suffix -yā: vijja learning' (vid-yā): bhajja " wife' (bhār-yā); sejjā 'bed' (say-yā); other rare suffixes : veyaņā 'pain' (ved-anā), gāhā 'verse' (gā-thā); tanhà 'thirst' (tặş-nā); jonhà 'moon-light' (jot-snā); māyā “measure' (mā-trā).
With the FEMININE SUFFIX -ā are formed feminine adjectives like pāvā ‘sinful' (pāva); taruņā 'young' (taruna) etc. The abstract suffix -tā: devayā 'deity' (deva-tā); the suffix -ikā (as feminine for-aka): kumārigā girl' (kumāra); ajjiyā “grandmother'(äryikā); ājiviyā mode of life' (ājīvikā), ganiyā *courtezan' (ganika); cūliyā 'crest' (cūlikā). Differing from Sk. mahāliyā 'great'; ammayā 'mother'; citāusā of long life'; abbhatthaniya 'request'; nattuniya 'grand-daughter'; māgaha * belonging to Magadha'.
188 ADDITIONAL FORMS : In the singular mālāe is often weakened into mālāi. In the L. plu. we have hatthuttarāhim, gimhāhim, visāhāhim all of which could be considered as forms of I. plu. used as L. or from Apabhraíśa or popular language.
189 ORIGIN. Fully agreeing with Sk. are N. sing. mālā; plu. mālā (mālāh); V. sing. māle, A. sing. mālam (mālām); I. plu. mālāhim (mālābhiḥ); G. plu. mālānam (mālānām); L. plu. mālāsu (mālāsu). N. V. A. plu. form mālāo after the forms of -i and -u endings. Pāli matiyo (Sk. matayaḥ) with the lengthen
