________________
APRIL, 1879.]
PERIPLUS OF THE ERYTHRÆAN SEA.
111
10. Luikios kóyxos--the Pearl-oyster. (Sans. Sokotra he says nothing of the aloe, and mentions bukti.) Fished for at the entrance to the Persian only Indian cinnabar as a gum or resin distilling Gulf (35). Pearl (wivikov) inferior to the Indian from a tree: but the confounding of cinnabar with Bort exported in great quantity from the marts of dragon's-blood was a mistake of ancient date and Apologos and Omana (36). A pearl fishery (ILVIOÙ a great absurdity" (II. p. 689). kolúpBnois) in the neighbourhood of Kolkhoi, in 2. 'Appara-aromatics (euwdía, Supapara.) the kingdom of Pandiôn, near the island of Epio- Exported from Aualitês (7), Mossulon (10). Among dôros; the produce transported to Argalou, in the the spices of Tabai (12) are enumerated doun kai interior of the country, where muslip robes with apwa kai páyla, and similarly among the compearl inwoven (uapyapirides ouvdoves) were fabri- modities of Opône kapoia kal apapa kal pów; and cated (59). The reading of the MS. is ouvoves, in these passages perhaps a particular kind of Bapyapeitides leyóuevas, for which Salmasius pro- aromatic (cinnamon P) may by preëminence be posed to read mapyapítides. Müller suggests called apuna. The occurrence, however, in two instead ai 'Apyapítides, as if the muslin boro the
instances of such a familiar word as apoue between name of the place Argarou or Argulou, where it was two outlandish words is suspicious, and this has made.
led Müller to conjecture that the proper reading Pearl is also obtained in Taprobanê (61); is may be apns, which Salmasius, citing Galen, imported into the emporium on the Ganges called notes to be a kind of cassia. Gangê (63).
3. Arußn--Asuphê, a kind of cassia. Exported 11. Toppúpa-Purple. Of a common as well as from Tabai (12). "This term," says Vincent, "if of a superior quality, imported from Egypt into not Oriental, is from the Greek dobonos, signiMouza (24) and Kanê (28), and from the marts of fiying cheap or ordinary; but we do not find doon Apologos and Omana into Barugaza (36).
used in this manner by other authors: it may be an 12. "Pevókepas-Rhinoceros (Sans. khadgad)- Alexandrian corruption of the language, or it may the horn or the teeth, and probably the skin. be the abbreviation of a merchant in his invoice." Exported from Adouli (16), and the marts of (Asafetida, Sans. hingu or báhlika, Mar, king.) Azania (7). Bruce found the hunting of the 4. Bax, (common form Bedcov). Bdella, rhinoceros still a trade in Abyssinia.
Bdellium, produced on the sea-coast of Gedrosia 13. Xelám-Tortoise (Sans. kachchhapa) or (37); exported from Barbarikon on the Indus tortoise-shell. Exported from Adouli (6) and (39); brought from the interior of India to BaruAualitês (7); a small quantity of the genuine and gaza (48) for foreign export (49). Bdella is the gum land tortoise, and a white sort with a small shell, ex- of the Balsamodendron Mukul, a tree growing in Sind, ported from Ptolemais (3); smallshells (Xevápen) Kåthiâ våd, and the Disa district. It is used both exported from Mossulon (10); a superior sort as an incense and as a cordial medicine. The in great quantity from Opône (13); the mountain | bdellium of Scripture is a crystal, and has nothing tortoise from the island of Menouthias (15); & in common with the bdellium of the Periplds but kind next in quality to the Indian from the marts its transparency. Conf. Dioskorid. i. 80; Plin. xii. of Azania (16, 17); the genuine, land, white, and 9; Galen, Therapeut, ad Glauc. II. p. 106; Lassen, mountain sort with shells of extraordinary size Ind. Alt. vol. I. p. 290; Vincent, vol. II. p. 690; from the island of Dioskoridês (30, 31); a good Yule's Marco Polo, vol. II. p. 387. The etymology quantity from the island of Serapis (33); the best of the word is uncertain. Lassen suspects it to be kind in all the Erythræan--that of the Golden Indian. Khersonesos (63), sent to Mouziris and Nelkunda, 5. riceip-Gizeir, a kind of cassia exported from whence it is exported along with that of the Tabai (12). This sort is noticed and described by islands off the coast of Dimarike (probably the Dioskoridês. Lacoadive islands) (56); tortoise is also procured 6. Aókos-Beams of wood. Exported from in Taprobanê (61).
Barugaza to the marts of Omana and Apologos III.-Plants and their products :
(36). (P Blackwood.) 1. Alon-the aloe (Sans, agaru). Exported from 7. Aobaka-Douaka, a kind of cassia.-Exported Kanê (28). The sort referred to is probably the from Malao and Moundou (8,9). It was probably bitter cathartic, not the aromatic sort supposed that inferior species which in Dioskorid. i. 12, is by some to be the sandalwood. It grows abund- called 8ákap or dakáp or Bápra. antly in Sokotra, and it was no doàbt exported 8. 'EBéveva paayyes--Logs of ebony (Diospyros thence to Kanê. "It is remarkable," says Vincent, melanorylon.) Exported from Barugaza to the "that when the author of the Periplús arrives at I marts of Omana and Apologos (36).
Sans. Guggula, Guj. Gdgal, woda tonic and for skin and urinary diseases.-B. I. P.
