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EPIGRAPHIA INDICA
[Vol. XXIX in a later record of the family. We have referred above to his Dhauli inscription dated in the year 93 and to his queen Tribhuvanamahädēvi who is described as a paramavaishnavi and as the daughter of a Nāga chief of the southern country, named Rajamalla. Verse 4 of our record mentions a king named Lõnabhāra as born in the family of Santikara I. It is known, however, from other records that Lõnabhāra (or Lavana) was actually the grandson of Santikara L The son of Santikara I, surnamed Gayada and Lalitahara (or 'bhāra), was Subhākara III otherwise called Kusumahara (or bhāra) and Simhadhvaja (or "kötu). This king is known to have granted lands in both northern and southern Tõsali in the year 103. The grant of land in Uttara-Tõsali was made at the request of his feudatory, Pulindarāja (either indicating a personal name or less probably signifying 'the king of the Pulindas') in favour of the god Vaidyanātha-bhattāraka (Siva) enshrined in the Pulindēsvara temple. The land granted in Dakshina-Tõsali was actually situated in the Köngödamandala vishaya. This king was probably succeeded first by his mother Tribhuvanamabadēvi I alias Sindagauri I and then by his young son Santikara II. Tribhuvanamahādēvi is said to have been requested by the feudatories to assume the reins of government in the same way as an ancient queen named Gösvămini had done. As noticed above, a date in Tribhuvanamahadēvi's reign probably falls in the year 120. Santikara II, who succeeded his grandmother, was also known as Lõnabhāra (or Lavaņa) I and Gayāda II. We know that Säntikara II (alias Lavaṇabhāra alias Gayāda) married Hirāmahādēvi, daughter of Simhamāna, and begot on her two sons, viz., Subhākara IV (surnamed Kusumahāra or 'bhāra II) and Sivakara III (surnamed Lalitahāra or bhara II) both of whom became kings and are mentioned in our record in verses 6 and 6. By this time the Bhauma-Karas were no longer adherents of the Buddhist religion. Mahārājādhirāja Subhākara IV (Kusumabhāra II) is called a paramamāhë vara in his Talcher plates of the year 145. His younger brother and successor Sivakara III is known from his records dated in the year 149. The sons of sivakara III (Lalitabhāra II) were kings sāntikara III (surnamed Lavaṇabhūra or Lönao II) and Subhākara V, both of whom are mentioned in our record in verses 7 and 8.' Santikara III married Dharmamahādēvi, while Subhākara V had two queens, viz., Gauri and Vakulamahädēvi. Both of these kings apparently died without leaving any male issue and, after the death of Subhākara V, the throne passed to his queen Gauri who is mentioned in our record in verse 9. Queen Gauri was succeeded by her daughter, the paramamahētvari Paramabhatjärikä Mahārjādhirāja-Paramësvari Dandimahädēvi who issued the charter under discussion in the year 180. One of the two Gañjām plates was issued by the same queen in the same year, but the Bāņpur plate was issued by her in the year 187. We know that this queen was succeeded by her step-mother Vakulamahādēvi who was the daughter of a Bhañja king." The throne next passed to Dharmamahādēvi, queen of Dandimahādēvi's paternal uncle Sāntikara III (Lavaṇabhāra II). We offer below the genealogy of the Bhauma-Karas in a tabular form for easy reference.
. We have now the Terundia plate of Subhakara II, son of Sivakara II, who ruled between Santikara I and Ils son Subhākara III in the year 100.
* J BORS, Vol. XVI, pp. 77 ff.; B. Misra, Orissa under the Bhauma Kings, pp. 14 ff., 22, and line 25 of plate F.
. According to the recently discovered Baud plates of Prithvimahādēvi alias Tribhuvanamahädovi II alias Sindagaurt II, Gosviminl (i.o., Tribhuvanamahädévi I) ascended the throne because her son Subhakara III had died without leaving a son. This fact suggests that Santikara II was adopted as son by the chief queen of Bubbäkara III some time after the death of her husband. The Baud plates have been registered as 0. P. Nos. 20-21 of the A. R. I. E. for 1950-51.
• The Baud plates of Prithvimahadevi alias Tribhuvanamahidēvf II suggest that Tribhuvanamahādēvi I oalled herself Gosvamint II.
. B. Misra, op. cit., Plate H, line 42. Misra reads the date as 141. • Ibid., Plate I. line 30, and Plate J (reverse), line 6. The figure read here as 9 has a rather peculiar form.
* The Baud plates of Prithvimahādēvi alias Tribhuvanamahādévi II, dated in the year 158, say that her husband, Subhākara IV, and the latter's younger brother and successor, Sivakara III, both died without leaving song and therefore she herself ascended the throne. This shows that this queen and her supporters did not recognise Såntikara III and Subhakara V as sons of Sivakara III. It seems that there was a struggle for the throne after the death of Sivakars III between his sons and the queen of his elder brother and that queen Prithvimahädēvi alias Twibhuvanamahadevi II was ultimately overthrown in favour of Santikara III.
THQ, Vol. XXI, pp. 217-20,
