Agam 08 Ang 08 Antkrutdashang Sutra Sthanakvasi

Author(s): Amarmuni, Shreechand Surana, Rajkumar Jain, Purushottamsingh Sardar
Publisher: Padma Prakashan

Page 461

serves, with his body and mind, a sick or week Shraman or Achurra etc. without any expectation or desire, then only Vuiyavran'a takes the form of Tup.
In Agams ten types of Vaiyavratra are mentioned on the basis of class of object-hermit, ailing etc. 4. Svadhyaya Tap (Self-study)
Scholars have enumerated various origins of the term Svadhyuva. For example--disciplined study (Abhayadev), good study (Arashyak Sutra), self study or study without any help, lo study one's soul. study of self by self etc.
Thus, scholars have given many hues to Siudhrava. But the simple meaning of Svudhyayu Tup is to read religious books and to absorb or understand the true form of fundamentals and soul, with the help of contemplative analysis.
The five sub-types of Sradhyaya are--to take lessons from the guru, to remove one's doubts, to revise the acquired knowledge again and again, to ponder over it and to direct others toward religion by reciting religious texts.
Sradhyava Tap purifies mind, knowledge becomes permanent, capacity to discern between true and false fundamentals develops, wavering of thoughts ends, concentration is gained. A Shranan indulging in Svadhivara Tup always dwells in pious thoughts. He finally experiences and beholds self or soul. 5. Dhyan Tap (Meditation)
Although in the Agams dhoran or meditation is said to be of four types---crtia, raudru, dharma and shukla, but as the first two are bad they are proscribed. Only dharma dhyan and shukla dhyan are considered as Tup because they are good, pure and are direct means of liberation.
Shukla dhyan is in fact the state of samadhi (deep meditation) and its next step is liberation. Through this man becomes free of the cycles of rebirth, Arihant. Kerali, omniscient, all perceiving, knower of lok and alok and absolutely detached.
Dharma dhyan is of four types(1) Ajna vichaya-To follow the tenets of Tirthankar.
(2) Apaya vichaya-To ponder over the means of avoiding passions, illusions and Other vices.
(3) Vipak vichaya-To ponder over the consequences of karmas.
(4) Sansthan vichaya—To perceive, think and ponder about world and the space beyond, four dimensional world, six entities, ninc fundamentals etc.
Similarly there are four types of shukla dhyan---
(1) Prithakatva vitark savichar—The stream of contemplation moves around fundamental entities, their modes and combinations.
Antakriddasha Mahima