Prakrit Vidya 1998 10

Author(s): Rajaram Jain, Sudip Jain
Publisher: Kundkund Bharti Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/521353/1

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piir kivii varSa 10, aMka 3-4, ISSN No. 0971-796 X (saMyuktAMka) pUrNArdhya aktUbara - mArca 1998-99 Io svanAmadhanya, samatAbhAvI, samarpita samAjasevI, yazaHpuJja, adhyAtmavettA sAhUzrI azoka kumAra jI jaina

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AvaraNa pRSTha ke bAre meM svanAmadhanya sAhU azoka kumAra jI jaina kA saMkSipta jIvanavRtta mAtA-pitA : sva0 zrImatI ramArAnI jaina evaM sva0 sAhU zrI zAnti prasAda jI jaina janma-tithi : 05 mArca 1934 I0 zikSA : kalakattA vishvvidyaaly| svabhAva : zAMta, udAra, mRdubhASI, kSamAbhAvI, gaMbhIra vicAraka evaM suyogya netRtva guNa-sampanna / vizvavikhyAta zreSThI evaM bhAratIya udyoga-vyApAra jagat ke viziSTa vyaktitva hote huye bhI nirabhimAnatA evaM nizchalatA Apake vyaktitva kI adbhuta vizeSatA thii| sImita evaM vinamra zabdoM meM spaSTata: apanI bAta abhivyakta karane kI AzcaryakArI kSamatA Apa meM thii| kArya : bhAratIya udyoga evaM vyApAra-jagat ke sAtha-sAtha lokatantra ke caturtha stambha patrakAritA ke kSetra meM supratiSThita 'TAimsa prakAzana-samUha' ke ceyaramaina Apa rhe| bhAratIya jJAnapITha' jaisI yazasvI saMsthA Apake netRtva meM naye kSitijoM ko chU skii| baikiMga ke kSetra meM 'TAimsa baiMka' kI sthApanA kara Apane nijI baiMkiMga-sevA ke kSetra meM eka mIla ke patthara' kI bhA~ti naye AyAma vikasita kiye| samAja kI pramukha saMsthAoM ke Apa saMrakSaka, adhyakSa Adi pramukha padoM para rahe tathA anekoM yaza:puMja kArya Apake netRtva meM sampanna huye| vizeSata: sammedazikhara jI kSetra meM huye yugAntarakArI kArya Apake kuzala netRtva evaM painI sUjhabUjha se hI saMbhava ho sake haiN| sadya-bhAvanA : jIvanabhara anekoM yazasvI kAryoM ko karane ke bAda aba Apa di0 jaina tIrthoM, vizeSata: sammedazikhara jI ke lie Apa tana-mana-dhana se samarpita the| sAtha hI digambara jaina AgamagraMthoM kI bhASA evaM bhArata kI prAcInatama janabhASA 'zaurasenI prAkRta' ke vyApaka pracAra-prasAra ke lie bhI kRtasaMkalpa the| zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha (mAnita vizvavidyAlaya) naI dillI-110016 meM prAkRtabhASA vibhAga ke lie svataMtra bhavana banavAkara dene ke lie behada prayatnazIla the; tAki nayI pIr3hI isa bhASA ko par3ha ske| ve isa bhASA ke vidvAnoM ko sammAnita va protsAhita karane ke lie bhI kaI yojanAoM kA pravartana karanA cAhate the|

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zrutapITha / / jayadu sud-devdaa|| prAkRta-vidyA PRAKRIT-VIDYA Pagad-Vijja pAgada-vijjA zaurasenI, prAkRta evaM sAMskRtika mUlyoM kI traimAsikI zodha-patrikA The quarterly Research Journal of Shaurseni, Prakrit & Cultural Values vIrasaMvat 2525 aktUbara-disambara 1998 I0 varSa 10 aMka 3 Veersamvat 2525 October-December 1998 Year 10 Issue 3 AcArya kundakunda samAdhi-saMvat 2012 mAnada pradhAna sampAdaka pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina nidezaka, kundakunda bhAratI jaina zodha saMsthAna Hon. Chief Editor PROF. (DR.)RAJARAMJAIN Director, KKR Jain Research Institute mAnada sampAdaka Hon.Editor DaoN0 sudIpa jaina DR.SUDEEP JAIN ema.e. (prAkRta), pI-eca.DI. MA (Pmvrity, Ph.D Publisher prakAzaka . zrI sureza candra jaina maMtrI zrI kundakunda bhAratI TrasTa SURESH CHANDRA JAIN Secretary Shri Kundkund Bharti Trust vArSika sadasyatA zulka - pacAsa rupaye (bhArata) 6.05 (DAlara) bhArata ke bAhara eka aMka - pandraha rupaye (bhArata) 1.5 5 (DAlara) bhArata ke bAhara

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DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI pro0 ( DaoN0 ) premasumana jaina DaoN0 udayacandra jaina sampAdaka- maNDala paM0 jayakumAra jaina upAdhye, ema0e0 (prAkRta) DaoN0 vIrasAgara jaina prabandha sampAdaka paM0 mahAvIra zAstrI zrI kundakunda bhAratI (prAkRta bhavana) 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-110067 phona (011)6564510 phaiksa (011) 6856286 Kundkund Bharti (Prakrit Bhawan) 18-B, Spl. Institutional Area New Delhi-110067 Phone (91-11)6564510 Fax (91-11) 6856286 "nAmAkhyAtopasargeSu, nipAteSu ca saMskRtA / prAkRtI zaurasenI ca, bhASA yatra trayI smRtA / / " - (AcArya raviSeNa, padmapurANa', 24 / 11 ) arthaH-nAma, AkhyAta, upasarga aura nipAtoM meM saMskRta, prAkRta aura zaurasenI - ye tIna bhASAyeM thI / - (i) prakRtiH shaursenii|| 10/2 / / asyA: paizAcyA: prakRti: zaurasenI / sthitAyAM zaurasenyAM paizAcI-lakSaNaM pravartayitavyam / (ii) prakRtiH shaursenii|| 11 /2 / / asyAH mAgadhyA: prakRtiH zaurasenIti veditvym| ( vararucikRta 'prAkRtaprakAza' se) (i) zeSaM zaurasenIvat / / 8/4/302 / / mAgadhyAM yaduktaM, tato'nyacchaurasenIvad drssttvym| (ii) zeSaM zaurasenIvat / / 8/4/323 / / paizAcyAM yaduktaM, tato'nyaccheSaM paizAcyAM zaurasenIvad bhavati / (iii) zaurasenIvat / / 8/4/446 / / apabhraMze prAyaH zaurasenIvat kAryaM bhavati / apabhraMza-bhASAyAM prAyaH zaurasenI - bhASA - tulyaM kAryaM jAyate; zaurasenI-bhASAyAH ye niyamAH santi, teSAM pravRttirapabhraMzabhASAyAmapi jAyate / (himacandrakRta 'prAkRtavyAkaraNa' se)

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'sarvAsveha hi zuddhAsu jAtiSu dvijsttmaaH| zaurasenI samAzritya bhASA kAvyeSu yojayet / / ' -(vahI) artha: he zreSTha brAhmaNo ! sabhI zuddha jAtivAle logoM ke lie zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA kA Azraya lekara hI kAvyoM meM bhASA kA prayoga karanA caahiye| zaurasenI prAkRta "zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA kA kSetra kRSNa-sampradAya kA kSetra rahA hai| isI prAkRtabhASA meM prAcIna AbhIroM ke gItoM kI madhura abhivyaMjanA huI, jinameM sarvatra kRSNa kathApuruSa rahe haiM aura yaha paramparA brajabhASA-kAvyakAla taka akSuNNarUpa se pravAhita hotI A rahI hai|" -DaoN0 surendranAtha dIkSita (bharata aura bhAratIya nATyakalA, pRSTha 75) ___ bhaktikAlIna hiMdI kAvya kI pramukha bhASA 'brajabhASA' hai| isake aneka kAraNa haiN| paramparA se yahA~ kI bolI zaurasenI 'madhyadeza' kI kAvya-bhASA rahI hai| brajabhASA Adhunika AryabhASAkAla meM usI zaurasenI kA rUpa thii| isameM sUradAsa jaise mahAn lokapriya kavi ne racanA kI aura vaha kRSNa-bhakti ke kendra 'braja' kI bolI thI, jisase yaha kRSNa-bhakti kI bhASA bana gii|" -vizvanAtha tripAThI (hiMdI sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pR0 18) _ "mathurA jaina AcAryoM kI pravRttiyoM kA pramukha kendra rahA hai, ataeva unakI racanAoM meM zaurasenI-pramukhatA AnA svAbhAvika hai| zvetAMbarIya AgamagranthoM kI ardhamAgadhI aura digambarIya AgamagranthoM kI zaurasenI meM yahI baDA antara kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'ardhamAgadhI' meM racita AgamoM meM ekarUpatA nahIM dekhI jAtI, jabakI 'zaurasenI' meM racitabhASA kI ekarUpatA samagrabhAva se dRSTigocara hotI hai|" -DaoN.jagadIzacaMdra jaina ' (prAkRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, pR0 30-31) "prAkRta boliyoM meM bolacAla kI bhASAyeM vyavahAra meM lAI jAtI hai, unameM sabase prathama sthAna zaurasenI kA hai| jaisA ki usakA nAma svayaM batAtA hai, isa prAkRta ke mUla meM zUrasena ke mUla meM bolI jAnevAlI bhASA hai| isa zUrasena kI rAjadhAnI mathurA thii| -Ara. pizala (kamperiTiva grAmara oNpha prAkRta laiMgveja, praveza 30-31) prAkRtabhASA ke prayoktA "mathurA ke Asa-pAsa kA pradeza 'zUrasena' nAma se prasiddha thA aura usa deza kI bhASA 'zaurasenI' kahalAtI thii| ukta ullekha se isa bhASA kI prAcInatA ariSTanemi se bhI pUrvavartI kAla taka pahu~catI hai|" - (maghavA zatAbdI mahotsava vyavasthA samiti, saradArazahara (rAja0) dvArA prakAzita saMskRta prAkRta vyAkaraNa evaM koza kI paramparA' nAmaka pustaka se sAbhAra uddhRta)

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anukrama pRSTha saM0 lekhaka DaoN0 sudIpa jaina AcArya vidyAnanda muni kra. zIrSaka 1. sampAdakIya : 'azoka' jI zoka-rahita the 2. digambara jaina zrAvakoM evaM vidvAnoM ko tyAgiyoM/ zramaNoM kI samIkSA kA pUrNa adhikAra hai / 3. NamokAra maMtra' meM 'loe' evaM 'savva' padoM kI vizeSatA 4. gRhasthoM ko bhI dharmopadeza kA adhikAra 5. eka: zaraNaM zuddhopayoga 6. tIrthaMkara kI divyadhvani kI bhASA 7. yApanIya : eka vicAraNIya bindu 8. samrAT khAravela kI adhyAtmadRSTi 9. dharasena kI eka kRti : joNipAhuDa 10. kAtantra vyAkaraNa evaM usakI do vRttiyA~ 11. AcArya kundakunda kA AtmavAda 12. preraka vyaktitva : DaoN0 hukamacaMda bhArilla 13. bhAratIya zikSaNa vyavasthA evaM jaina vidvAn 14. guru-vandanA 15. samayasAra ke pATha : kramAMka 16 16. jainadarzana ke pratIka purAvazeSa 17. AcAryazrI ke saMkalana se..... 18. jala-gAlana kI vidhi tathA mahattA 19. prAkRta tathA apabhraMza kAvya aura saMgIta '20. jainadharma aura antima tIrthaMkara mahAvIra 21. guNoM kA bhaMDAra lauMga 22. kelA auSadhi bhI hai 23. abhimata 24. pustaka-samIkSA 25. samAcAra-darzana 26. isa aMka ke lekhaka-lekhikAe~ muni kanakojjvala naMdi paM0 mANikacaMdra kaundeya DaoN0 sudIpa jaina paM0 nAthUlAla zAstrI DaoN0 sudIpa jaina zrImatI raMjanA jaina AcArya nagarAja DaoN0 rAmasAgara mizra DaoN0 mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA zrImatI mamatA jaina zrImatI amitA jaina DaoN0 kapUracaMda jaina DaoN0 sudIpa jaina DaoN0 kastUracandra 'sumana' DaoN0 devendrakumAra zAstrI DaoN0 ramezacandra jaina

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(sampAdakIya 'azoka jI zoka-rahita the -DaoN0 sudIpa jaina "jAtasya maraNaM dhuvaM" --yaha eka dhruva satya hai| koI bhI jIva ho, saMsAra meM jisane dehadhAraNa kara janma liyA hai, usakA dehaviyoga (maraNa) honA avazyaMbhAvI hai| saMsAra meM jIvana ko surucipUrNa evaM kalAtmaka banAne, use Adarza evaM samunnata banAne ke liye to sabhI prayatna karate haiM; kintu use pUrI garimA se jIkara atyaMta garimApUrNa rIti se nazvara zarIra kA tyAga karane kI kalA virale jIva hI jAnate haiN| paripUrNa samatAbhAva, zAMta pariNAma evaM prasannacitta se jIrNa kAya-kuTIra ko yamarAja (mRtyu) ke hAthoM meM sauMpakara AtmoddhAra ke patha para agrasara hone kA gaurava mila pAnA manuSyabhava meM atyanta durlabha hai| aisA saubhAgya use hI milatA hai, jo aviralarUpa se yAvajjIvana 'sat' yAnI acchAI yA bhalAI ke kAryoM, dharmaprabhAvanA evaM Atmahita ke mArga para nirantara agrasara rahA ho| arthAt jisane jIvanabhara mAtra 'sat' kA hI lekhA-jokhA (ciMtana-manana-pravartana) kiyA ho; vahI aise Adarza 'mRtyu-mahotsava' ko prApta kara sakatA hai| isIlie isa Adarza dehatyAgavidhi ko jJAniyoM 'sallekhanA' kahA hai| jIvana meM kadAcit rAga-dveSa ke prasaMga kitane hI bane, kintu vivekIjana 'prANa-prayANa belA' meM mAtra 'sat' kA hI lekhA-jokhA (ciMtanamanana-pravartana) karate haiM; isIlie isakI 'sallekhanA' saMjJA anvarthakI hai| zAstrIya zabdAvali meM samyakrUpa se 'kAya' (zarIra) aura 'kaSAyoM' ko kRza karanA hI sallekhanA hai| cU~ki aisA Adarza dehatyAga nizcitarUpa se AgAmI bhava meM sugati (zreSTha gati) kI prApti kA pratIka hai, ata: jaina AmnAya meM pratidina bhAvanA kI jAtI hai ki-"bohilAho, sugadigamaNaM, samAhimaraNaM, jiNaguNasaMpatti hodu majjhaM" arthAt 'he bhagavan ! mujhe bodhi (ratnatraya - samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyakcAritra) kI prApti ho, sugati meM gamana ho (tAki vItarAgI deva-zAstra-guru kA evaM Atmatattva kA samAgama nirantara banA rahe) evaM samAdhipUrvaka maraNa ho (arthAt maraNa ke samaya kisI para vyakti yA parapadArtha kI moha/mamatA meM aTakakara merA citta saMkleza ko prApta na ho, maiM maraNa se bhayabhIta hokara bhogocchiSTa bhautika padArthoM kI kAmanA meM Akulita na hoU~, vItarAgI deva-guru-dharma meM evaM Atmahita meM merA upayoga nirantara ekAgra banA rahe) tathA antata: hameM jinendraparamAtmA ke samAna vItarAgatA Adi guNoM kI prApti ho|' / jaina saMskRti meM "jIvema zaradaH zatam" (arthAt maiM sau varSoM taka jIU~) kI bhAvanA nahIM karate haiM, kyoMki isameM jIvana ke prati lAlasA hai; dUsaroM ko "jIved zaradaH zatam" prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 005

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(sau varSoM taka jIo) kA AzIrvAda denA alaga bAta hai tathA apane lie yAcanA karanA alaga bAta hai| jainadarzana meM to bhAvanA karate haiM--"lAkhoM varSoM taka jIU~ yA mRtyu Aja hI A jaave|" AtmavizvAsa se bharapUra sajjana vyakti hI aisI bhAvanA kara sakatA hai| cU~ki prAya: saMsArI mohI prANiyoM se ghire rahane para chadmastha prANI kA mana bhI moha-mamatA se grasta ho sakatA hai, isIlie kisI vivekI puruSa ne kahA hai ki-"marano bhalau videza ko, jahA~ na apanA koya / " arthAt aise sthAna para prANaprayANa-belA meM cale jAnA cAhiye, jahA~ zarIra evaM isase sambandhita padArthoM meM mohabhAva jAgRta karanevAlA koI na ho| tabhI vyakti apane pariNAmoM ko ekAgra kara 'mRtyu-mahotsava' ko caritArtha kara sakatA hai| isa bAre meM AcArya devanandi jI likhate haiM "gurumUle yatinicite, caity-siddhaant-vaardhisdghosse| mama bhavatu janma-janmani, sanyasana-samanvitaM maraNam / / " -(samAdhibhakti, 4, pRSTha 184) artha:-he paramAtman ! muni-samudAya se veSTita guru ke pAdamUla meM, tIrthaMkara kI pratimA ke samIpa athavA jahA~ para tattvajJAna-siddhAnta ke samudra ke samAna gaMbhIra zabda ho rahe hoM aise sthAna meM merA janma-janmAntara meM sanyAsa-sahita maraNotsava ho| isI tathya ko kalikAlasarvajJa AcArya samantabhadra ne bhI likhA hai "antakriyAdhikaraNaM tapa:phalaM sakaladarzina: stuvate / tasmAd yAvad vibhavaM samAdhimaraNe prayatitavyam / / " -(ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, 5/123) artha:-mRtyu ke samaya kriyA ko sudhAranA arthAt karanA hI tapa (dharma) kA suphala hai| sabhI dArzanika evaM vivekI vicAraka isIprakAra zAMti se maraNa cAhate haiN| isalie jahA~ taka saMbhava ho sake 'samAdhimaraNa' (paramAtma-smaraNa) karane kA prayatna karanA caahiye| ajJAnI evaM mohI jIva maraNa se bhayabhIta rahate haiN| isIlie kahA gayA hai ki "Natthi bhayaM mrnnsmN"| kintu Atmatattva ke dhruva-nitya yA zAzvata svarUpa ko pahicAnane vAle zarIra kI mamatA meM nahIM par3ate haiN| ve jAnate haiM ki 'yaha to nAzavAn hai, aura maiM avinAzI hU~; ata: hamArA saMyoga sthAyI ho hI nahIM sakatA hai|' ata: ise to prasannatApUrvaka "vAsAMsi jIrNAni yathA vihAya...." kI ukti ko caritArtha karate huye phaTe-purAne jIrNa vastra kI bhA~ti badala lene meM hI vivekazIlatA kI parakha hai| jJAniyoM ne kahA bhI hai ki"mRtyu kevala prazaMsanIya hI nahIM hai, apitu vaha nizcaya se zAzvata kalyANa ko bhI utpanna karanevAlI hotI hai|" parantu yaha sthiti tabhI banatI hai, jaba deha-viyoga kI anivAryatA ko parakhakara vivekI jIvana dehAtma-bhedavijJAna ko apanAtA huA Atmastha 006 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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hone kI samAdhi-sAdhanA prApta karane kI ora sunizcitarUpa se agrasara ho jAtA hai| bhAratIya-paramparA meM mAnA gayA hai ki 'jaba taka Ayukarma hai, tabhI taka zarIra kA saMyoga hai, tathA isake kSINa hote hI zarIra kA viyoga arthAt maraNa avazyaMbhAvI hai|' isIlie yugapradhAna AcArya kundakundadeva ne likhA hai ki "AukkhayeNa maraNaM...." - ( samayasAra 8 / 12, pR0 248 ) arthAt Ayukarma ke kSaya hone se 'maraNa' hotA hai| ise hI anyatra 'vayakuNTha' bhI kahA gayA hai| isakA artha hai ki- 'vaya' arthAt Ayukarma kuMThita (kSINa) ho gyaa| isI tathya ko paMDitapravara AzAdharasUri ne likhA hai-- "pAtre tailaM yathA hi pradIpasya sthitikAraNam / tathA dehe dehino yanmuktaM tenAyuSA yaje / / " arthAt jaise dIpaka meM tela rahane para hI 'dIpaka' kI sthiti rahatI hai arthAt vaha jalatA rahatA hai, usIprakAra Ayukarma ke rahate hI zarIrasaMyoga banA rahatA hai / isIlie jo Ayukarma se rahita haiM, aise siddha bhagavantoM kI nimnAnusAra stuti kI jAtI hai - "OM hrIM Ayu:karmarahitAya zrIsiddhAdhipataye namaH / / " 'jIvana' aura 'maraNa' ke sandarbha meM jainadarzana meM atyanta vaijJAnika evaM vyAvahArika ciMtana prastuta kiyA hai| usake anusAra jaba taka zarIra meM samAgata vyAdhi Adi kA upacAra saMbhava ho, taba taka usakA upacAra Adi karake nidAna karane kI ceSTA karo; tathA jaba koI sAttvika sAdhana saMbhava na ho, taba deha se sarvavidha mamatva tyAga karake AtmA evaM paramAtmA ke ciMtana - dhyAna meM citta ko ekAgra kara lenA cAhiye / yahI sallekhanA kI vidhi' hai-- "upasarge durbhikSe jarasi rujAyAM ca niSpratIkAre / dharmAya tanuvimocanamAhuH sallekhanAmAryAH / / " artha:-ghora evaM anivArya upasarga, durbhikSa, vRddhAvasthA evaM roga kI sthiti A jAye evaM inakA koI pratIkAra (nidAna) saMbhava na ho, to dharmasAdhana ke lie sallekhanApUrvaka zarIra chor3a dene kI jJAniyoM ne preraNA dI hai / isI bAta kI puSTi AcArya umAsvAmI ne bhI dI hai-- "mAraNAntikIM sallekhanAM joSitA" (tattvArthasUtra, 7/22) bhAratIya paramparA kI isI "yogonAntena tanutyajAm" kI Adarzavidhi ko svanAmadhanya dharmaprANa, tIrthabhakta, jinadharmaprabhAvaka zrImAn sAhU azoka kumAra jI jaina ne apane jIvana meM caritArtha karake btaayaa| ve jaba taka jiye, eka Adarza zrAvaka kI bhA~ti dharmaprabhAvanA karate huye samAja evaM rASTrahita meM samarpita hokara rahe tathA anta meM jaba zarIra kA viyoga prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara 198 007

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avazyaMbhAvI dikhA, to ve pUrNata: nirmamatva ko aMgIkAra kara prAya: Atmastha ho gye| caturvidha dAna ke saMkalpa kI pUrti unhoMne kI, gurujanoM kI bhaktipUrvaka unakA maMgala AzISa prApta kiyA evaM Atmahita kA ciMtana karate huye ve "prANaprayANa-belAyAM na hi loke pratikriyA" ke Adarza ko caritArtha karate huye sadgati ko prApta huye|| unake hRdaya meM vItarAgI deva-zAstra-guru ke prati jo agAdha bhakti thI evaM jaisI utkRSTa adhyAtmabhAvanA thI, usakA sAkSI maiM bhI svayaM rahA huuN| dillI meM anekoM prasaMgoM meM anekoM bAra unhoMne mujhe AtmIyatApUrvaka sabahumAna dharmacarcA ke lie bulAyA evaM jJAnagarimA se otaprota sUkSma carcA unhoMne kii| aise hI prasaMga meM unhoMne bar3I AtmIyatApUrvaka mujhe batAyA ki "unakI sahadharmiNI dharmAnurAgiNI indu jaina kI AcArya kundakunda-viracita 'samayasAra' graMtha meM acchI ruci hai tathA unhIM kI preraNA se maiM pratidina 'samayasAra' kA svAdhyAya karane lagA huuN| isase mujhe jaina-adhyAtma kI gaharAI kA kucha bodha ho sakA hai|" yahI nahIM, zarIra ke aMta samaya ko nikaTa jAnakara unhoMne dharmAnurAgI paM0 nIraja jaina satanA vAloM ko apane pAsa mAtra isIlie rakhA ki unheM aMta samaya meM laukika carcA sunAI na par3e, balki dharma aura adhyAtma ke svara hI unake kAnoM meM guMjAyamAna rheN| "aba hama amara bhaye na mreNge| tana-kAraNa mithyAtva diyo tj|| kyoM kara deha dhareMge...?" dharmAnurAgI zrI haricaraNa varmA jaba dazalakSaNaparva meM yaha bhajana madhura kaMTha se gAte the, taba sAhU azoka kumAra jI AnaMda se jhUma jAte the| isase unakI AdhyAtmika dRSTi kI spaSTa jhalaka milatI thii| ___ 'prAkRtavidyA' patrikA ko bhI unakA apAra anurAga evaM protsAhana prApta rahA hai| unhIM kI preraNA evaM sahayoga se yaha Aja apanA yaha AkAra le sakI hai| ve sadaiva kahA karate the ki "yaha to sAkSAt 'zAstra' hai, ise maiM kAra meM yA Aphisa meM calate-phirate nahIM, apitu vidhivat svAdhyAyakakSa meM baiThakara par3hatA evaM manana karatA huuN|" / ve saMsAra se atyanta anAsakta ho cale the| unakA jIvana sAdagI aura vinamratA kA paryAyavAcI rahA hai| apane hita kI bhAvanA unameM atyanta utkRSTatA ko prApta thii| kabhI jaba DrAIvara nahIM bhI hotA thA, to ve subaha-subaha svayaM kAra calAte huye 'kundakunda bhAratI' Ate aura ghaMToM pUjya AcAryazrI ke pAsa baiThakara unase apanI tattvapipAsA ko zAMta krte| sAmAjika evaM dhArmika muddoM para to ve anivAryata: pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja se parAmarza lekara hI tadanusAra kArya karate the| zAzvata tIrthadhAma sammedazikhara jI ke prati unakI niSThA evaM samarpaNa kI vRtti to uge huye sUrya kI bhA~ti sarvavidita hai| unake sampUrNa jIvana meM evaM vizeSata: aMtima samaya meM unake jyeSTha putra dharmAnurAgI zrI samIra jaina evaM suputrI dharmAnurAgiNI nanditA jI ne jo samarpita sevA kI hai, vaisI 008 prAkRtavidyA+ aktUbara-disambara'98

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sAmAnyata: koI kara nahIM sakatA hai| kyoMki ve bhalI-bhA~ti bhAratIya saMskRti ke isa maMtra ko jAnate haiM ki 'bhale hI jIvana meM paisoM se saba kucha kharIdA jA sakatA hai, kintu mAtA-pitA kA mola paisoM se nahIM cukAyA jA sktaa| sAre jIvana unakI sevA kareM, to bhI unase uRNa nahIM ho sakate haiN|' kyoMki mAtA-pitA sAre jIvana jo vAtsalya evaM kaSTa-sahiSNutA se zizu kA lAlana-pAlana kara use rASTra kA yogya nAgarika banAte haiM; usakA pratidAna kisI bhI bhautika sAmagrI ke dvArA saMbhava nahIM hai| usake lie to samarpita sevAbhAva se unakI AjJA kA pAlana kiyA jAe tathA vinamra hokara unakI yAvajjIvana sevA kI jAe - yahI ekamAtra upAya hai| isa bAta ko saMbhavata: apane pitA ke susaMskAroM se samanvita unakI saMtati bhalI-bhA~ti jAnatI thI, ata: apane vinamra evaM samarpita sevAbhAva se unhoMne isa tathya ko sAkSAt karake dikhAyA hai| yadyapi isa samAja ko isa zatAbdI meM svanAmadhanya zreSThivarya mANikacaMda jI pAnAcaMda jI bambaI, lAlA jambUprasAda jI sahAranapura vAloM, seTha nirmala kumAra jaina ArA, rAjA lakSmaNadAsa jI mathurAvAloM, sara seTha hukumacaMda jI indaura vAloM Adi kA bhI prabhAvI netRtva milA hai aura usameM isane naye kSitijoM ko sparza kiyaa| phira 'sAhU jaina parivAra' meM AdaraNIya sAhU zAMtiprasAda jI jaina, sAhU zreyAMsa prasAda jI jaina kA dUradarzI netRtva milA, jisameM naye AyAma mile| ina sabake guNoM ko apane meM samAhita kara, usameM apAra saumyatA, prazAntabhAva, sUkSmadarzitA, apAra vaiduSya evaM udAracetas bhAvanA kA apUrva sammizraNa kara eka anupama vyaktitva samAja ko 'netA' ke rUpa meM milA, aura ve the sAhU azoka kumAra jI jain| . unake vyaktitva evaM kAryoM kI jIvantatA ke pariprekSya meM 'the' kA prayoga mAtra zarIra ke lie hI lAgU hotA hai, guNoM va yaza:kAya vyaktitva ke lie nhiiN| Aja jaba ve sazarIra netRtva ke lie hamAre madhya nahIM haiM, to sampUrNa samAja kI jimmevArI aura adhika bar3ha jAtI hai| samAja ko eka sarvamAnya prabhAvI netRtva kI apekSA hotI hai| nItivacana haiM "anAyakaM tu naSTavyaM, naSTavyaM bahunAyakam / trinAyakantu naSTavyaM na naSTa ekanAyakam / / " - arthAt jisa samudAya kA koI nAyaka (netA) nahIM hotA, vaha samAja naSTa ho jAtI hai| jisake do-tIna yA bahuta netA hote haiM, vaha bhI naSTa ho jAtI hai| mAtra eka netRtvavAlI samAja kI pragatizIla evaM surakSita rahatI hai| ___ saMpUrNa itihAsa isa zAzvata tathya kA mukhara sAkSI rahA hai| jaba kabhI bhI jisa kisI deza yA samAja meM anAyakatva yA bahunAyakatva AyA hai, vaha sunizcitarUpa se avanati ko prApta huA hai| isa tathya ko Aja hama sAhU 'azoka' jI ke 'zokarahita' ho jAne kI prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 009

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sthiti meM gaMbhIratA se vicAra kareM tathA unake saMkalpoM, bhAvanAoM evaM pravartita kAryoM ko pUrNatva kI ora le jAte huye unakI smRti ko aura bhI aneka mAMgalika kAryoM ke pravartana ke dvArA akSuNNa rakheM - aisI bhAvanA hai| - 'yamAya namo astu mRtyave' - (Rgveda, 10/165/4) iMdu jI kI adhyAtmadRSTi eka bAra mahArASTra prAnta se digambara jaina mahilAoM kA eka samUha kundakunda bhAratI meM darzanArtha aayaa| usakI kucha mahilAyeM acchI viduSI bhI thIM tathA unakI kucha tAttvika jijJAsAyeM bhI thiiN| pUjya AcAryazrI se carcA - samAdhAna ke uparAnta ve AdaraNIyA dharmAnurAgI indu jI (sahadharmiNI sAhU azoka jaina jI) se bhI milIM, jo ki saMyogavaza usa samaya kundakunda bhAratI meM AyIM huIM thiiN| cU~ki indu jI acchI adhyAtmaruci - sampanna jijJAsuvRtti kI svAdhyAyI mahilA haiM tathA 'samayasAra' ke sUkSma adhyayana meM ApakI vizeSa ruci / pravRtti rahatI hai / ata: iMdu jI ne una mahilAoM se pUchA ki "kyA Apa duHkhI haiM?" to ve bolIM ki "hA~! hama du:khI haiN| saMsAra meM anekavidha duHkha hameM bhogane par3ate haiN|" yaha sunakara iMdu jI ne smita hAsyapUrvaka uttara diyA ki "Apa duHkhI haiM yaha kathana 'vyavahAra' kA hai| saMyogI dRSTi se hameM aisA lagatA hai| yadi hama zuddha - buddha AtmasvabhAva kI dRSTi se dekheM, to AtmA meM duHkha hai hI nahIM / " iMdu jI kA yaha samAdhAna sunakara ve mahilAyeM daMga raha gayIM tathA unakI sUkSma AdhyAtmika dRSTi ko namana karake Age calIM gayIM / ** - svAdhyAya 'sajjhAya' - ( bodhapAhuDa, 44, pR0208) - 00 10 vAcanA- --ziSyANAM vyutpattinimittaM svaadhyaaydhyaanyuktaaH| svAdhyAya praJcaprakAra:, zAstrArthakathanaM, pRcchanA-anuyogakaraNaM, anuprekSA - paThitasya vyAkRtya ca zAstrasya punazcetasi ciMtanaM', AmnAya : -zuddhapaThanaM, dharmopadezaH mahApurANAdi-zAstrasya munInAM zrAvakAdInAmagrato vyaakhyaanvidhaanm|" - ( bodhapAhuDa TIkA ) - 1 svAyAya pA~ca prakAra kA hotA hai-- (1) vAcanA, (2) pRcchanA, (3) anuprekSA, (4) AmnAya (5) dharmopadeza / ziSyoM kI vyutpatti ke liye zAstra ke artha kA kathana karanA vAcanA hai| ajJAta vastu ko samajhane ke liye athavA jJAta vastu ko dRr3ha karane ke liye prazna pUchanA pRcchanA hai / paThita athavA vyAsayAta zAstra kA citta meM puna: puna: ciMtana karanA anuprekSA hai| zuddha pATha karanA AmnAya hai aura muniyoM tathA zrAvakoM ke Age mahApurANAdi zAstroM kA vyAkhyAna karanA dharmopadeza hai / ** prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara 198

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digambara jaina zrAvakoM evaM vidvAnoM ko tyAgiyoM/zramaNoM kI samIkSA kA pUrNa adhikAra hai -AcArya vidyAnanda muni sAmAnyata: yaha samajhA jAtA hai ki parigraha-tyAga karanevAle vyakti gRhasthoM ke AcaraNa para kucha bhI pratikriyA vyakta kara sakate haiM; kintu gRhastha usa tyAgIvarga (muni, AryikA, ailaka, kSullaka Adi) ke bAre meM kucha bhI pratikriyA nahIM de sakatA hai, bhale hI ve kaisA hI vyavahAra karate raheM? vaha to mAtra unakI bhakti-vinaya hI kara sakatA hai| kintu vastusthiti aisI nahIM hai| Agama ke Aloka meM yadi hama vicAra kareM, to hama pAte haiM ki tyAgIvarga ko gRhasthoM para TippaNI evaM pratikriyAsvarUpa vacana kahane kA koI adhikAra nahIM hai; jabaki gRhasthoM evaM vidvAnoM ko yadi tyAgIvarga zAstra kI maryAdA ke viruddha yA lokamaryAdA ke viruddha AcaraNa karatA hai, to usakI samIkSA karane kA pUrNa adhikAra hai| kyoMki usakA sIdhA prabhAva samAja para par3atA hai| itara samAja, prazAsana evaM yuvApIr3hI kI pratikriyAoM ko samAja ko sahanA par3atA hai; isIlie samAja ke jimmedAra gRhasthajana evaM vidvAn tyAgIvarga ko aise kisI bhI AcaraNa ke lie maryAdApUrvaka spaSTa nivedana bhI kara sakatA hai aura AvazyakatAnusAra apanI pratikriyA bhI de sakatA hai| yahA~ yaha prazna saMbhava hai ki yadi gRhasthoM evaM vidvAnoM ko yaha adhikAra hai, to tyAgIvarga ko kyoM nahIM hai? - isakA uttara yahI hai ki tyAgIvarga zAMtabhAva se gRhasthoM ko sanmArga kA upadeza de sakate haiM, unheM AtmahitakArI vacanAmRtoM se tRpta kara sakate haiM; kintu unake kisI bhI kaSAyayukta-vacana yA kArya para apanI pratikriyA nahIM de sakate haiN| kyoMki ArSa-vacana hai- "yasmin vAca: pravizanti kUpe prAptA: zilA iv| na vaktAra punaryAnti sa kaivalyAzrame vaset / / " artha: jo apane prati kahe gaye kaThora durvacanoM ko athavA prazaMsAyukta vacanoM ko sunakara kheda yA harSa vyakta nahIM karate haiN| jaiseki gahare kuyeM meM pheMkA gayA patthara lauTakara vApasa nahIM AtA hai; isIprakAra jo vaktA kI acchI yA burI (prazaMsA yA niMdA) kI vANI para apanI koI pratikriyA nahIM dete haiM; unheM hI mokSapatha ke pathika yA kaivalya-Azrama meM rahane ke adhikArI 'muni' kahA gayA hai| vastuta: jo digambara jaina-saMghoM kI zAstrokta vyavasthA rahI hai, Aja hamArA tyAgIvarga usase anabhijJa hotA jA rahA hai| Agama-granthoM ke anusAra pahile munisaMgha meM aneka kAryoM ke evaM aneka viSayoM ke vizeSajJa alaga-alaga vyakti hote the; jo apanI vizeSatA ke kAraNa saMgha ko nirApadarUpa se dharmaprabhAvanA evaM AtmasAdhanA ke mArga para agrasarita rakhate prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0011

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the| inameM se kucha kA paricaya yahA~ vicArArtha prastuta hai 1. pravartakAcArya:-pratyeka saMgha meM pramukha AcArya ke atirikta eka 'pravartaka-AcArya' bhI hote the, jo daivasika kriyAoM evaM vyavasthAoM ke vizeSajJa hote the| inake bAre meM kahA gayA hai--"saMgha pravartayatIti pravartaka:" - (mUlAcAravRtti, 4/155) / ye pravartakAcArya dina meM saMgha kA saMcAlana karate the| __2. prajJAzramaNa:-sUryAsta ke uparAnta rAtrikAlIna kriyAoM evaM vyavasthAoM ke vizeSajJa zramaNa ko 'prajJAzramaNa' kahA jAtA thaa| paMDitapravara AzAdhara-viracita 'anagAradharmAmRta' (4/268) ke anusAra ye sUryAsta hone se sUryodaya hone taka saMgha kI samasta kriyAoM ke dizAnirdezaka hote the| inake nirdeza ke viruddha koI bhI rAtrikAlIna kriyA 'saMgha' meM nahIM hotI thii| 3. sAMvatsarika kSapaNaka:-ye jyotiSa, sAmudrika, khagola, bhUgola, paryAvaraNa Adi vidyAoM ke vizeSajJa hote the tathA vibhinna lakSaNoM evaM nakSatragaNanA, muhUrta-vicAra Adi ke dvArA yaha batalAte the ki kisa dizA meM, kaba 'saMgha' kA nivAsa, vihAra Adi honA caahiye| kahA~ durbhikSa, mahAmArI, prAkRtika ApadA (bAr3ha, sUkhA, bhUskhalana, ulkApAta, vidyutpAta, agnikAMDa, himapAta, ativRSTi Adi) yA rAjakIya prakopa Adi kI saMbhAvanA hai? - use ye apanI prati ke dvArA prAmANikarUpa se jAnakara usa deza meM saMgha ko jAne se rokate evaM anukUla deza-kAla meM vihAra karane kA nirdeza dete the| isase saMgha bhI nirApada rahatA thA tathA dharma kI prabhAvanA bhI bharapUra hotI thii| ye isa bAre meM sIdhe AcArya (saMghapati) ko salAha dete the| 4. upAdhyAya:- inheM 'adhyApaka', 'zikSaka' Adi saMjJAyeM bhI dI gayI haiN| paMca parameSThiyoM meM inheM cauthe krama meM smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| munisaMgha meM ye navadIkSitoM evaM dIkSArthiyoM ko vidhivat zikSaNa/prazikSaNa dete haiN| inake prazikSaNa ke pariNAmasvarUpa hI saMgha meM AcAra-vyavasthA zAstrasammata banI rahatI hai| tathA svAdhyAya' rUpI parama tapa kI sAdhanA inhIM ke yogadAna ke phalasvarUpa hotI hai| jJAnArAdhanA evaM tapa:sAdhanA kI utkRSNa paramparA evaM dharmadhyAna ke saMskAra kI niyamitatA saMgha meM pramukhata: inhIM kI dena hotI hai| Aja munisaMghoM meM inakI prAya: anupasthiti hone se dIkSA' to ho jAtI hai, kiMtu 'zikSA' ke abhAva meM na to tattvajJAna hotA hai aura na hI AcAra-vyavasthA kI bArIkiyA~ patA hotI haiN| yahA~ taka ki 'pratikramaNa' nitya karate huye bhI usakA ThIka artha evaM mUla-zuddha prakriyA kA bhI bodha prAya: zramaNoM ko nahIM hai| isIlie ve kabhI jalUsabAjI, kabhI nArebAjI, kabhI pratiyogitAyeM evaM baccoM ke kAryakrama karAne jaise kAryoM meM samaya bitAte haiN| tattvAbhyAsa ke abhAva meM sUkSma ciMtana bhI ho nahIM pAtA hai tathA kriyA kI zuddha vidhi evaM usakA vAstavika artha bhI patA na hone se mAtra rUr3hi se hI kriyAyeM ho rahIM haiN| AdhyAtmika cetanA to 9012 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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luptaprAya: hai| mAtra kriyAkANDa taka sImita raha jAne kA tathA dizAvihIna zrAmaNya yena-kena-prakAreNa nibhAne kI vivazatA kA mUla kAraNa saMgha meM vidhivat upAdhyAya' kI upasthiti na honA hI hai| pahile inake kAraNa zramaNoM ko jJAnArAdhanA se phursata hI nahIM hotI thii| ye bhASA, Agama, loka evaM zikSApaddhati ke adhikArI vidvAn hote haiN| 5. manojJa muni:-jo vANI ke prayoga ke asAdhAraNa vizeSajJa hote the, arthAt kaba, kahA~, kaise vacana, kitanI maryAdA meM bolane haiM - yaha saba jo bhalIbhA~ti jAnate the evaM tadanusArI hI prayoga karate the; unheM manojJa muni' kahA jAtA thaa| kisI bhI paristhiti-vizeSa meM yA sAmAnyajana ko saMbodhita karane kA dAyitva inhIM kA hotA thaa| inakA nirdhAraNa bhI AcArya 'saMgha' kI surakSA evaM vyApaka dharmaprabhAvanA ke nimitta hI karate the| kyoMki "pUyAvayaNaM hidabhAsaNaM midabhAsaNaM ca mahuraM c| suttANuvIcivayaNaM aNiThuramakakkasaM vayaNaM / / " - (mUlAcAra, 377) artha:-pUjyavacana, hitavacana, mitavacana, madhuravacana, sUtrAnusArI anuvIcivacana, niSThuratA aura karkazatA se rahita vacana bolanA hI mahAmuniyoM ko zobhA detA hai| yaha unakI vAcika vinaya' hai| isIlie vAgvyavahAra ke lie saMgha meM 'manojJa muni' hI vizeSata: adhikRta hote the| maiM apane jIvana ke kucha prasaMgoM ko mAtra ciMtanArtha yahA~ prastuta karanA cAhatA huuN| prasaMga 1- san 1952 meM jaba kSullaka avasthA meM kArakala (karnATaka) meM thA, taba prasiddha vidvAn jI0 brahmappA Aye unhoMne mujhe evaM sArvajanika pravacana karane kA nivedana kiyaa| maiM cU~ki taba vizuddha jJAnAbhyAsa ke dhyeya se pravartita thA, ata: maiMne vinamra zabdoM meM asamarthatA prakaTa kara dii| taba ve bole "ki kyA mAtra peTa bharane ke lie hI ghara-saMsAra chor3A hai aura tyAgadharma aMgIkAra kiyA hai?" -maiMne zAMtipUrvaka unakI bAta sunI tathA apane lakSya evaM paristhiti kA vicAra karate huye maunabhAva se svAdhyAya meM nirata ho gyaa| prasaMga 2- munidIkSA ke bAda san 1963 meM dillI meM dharmAnurAgI zrI parasAdIlAla pATanI ne bhI samAja meM pravacana karane ke lie mujhase anurodha kiyA, tathA maiMne apanI sthiti vicAra karake asamarthatA vyakta kI, to ve bhI bole ki "kyA Apa mAtra roTI ke lie hI nagna huye haiM, gUMge hai| samAja ke prati koI dAyitva nahIM hai?" taba bhI maiMne zAstra kI maryAdA vicArate huye sahaja zAMta-bhAva se unake kaThoravacanoM kI upekSA kara dI tathA koI pratikriyA kA vikalpa taka nahIM aayaa| prasaMga 3-san 1964 I0 meM rAjasthAna kI rAjadhAnI jayapura nagara meM prathama cAturmAsa huaa| vahA~ maiM apane guru pUjya AcArya dezabhUSaNa jI ke sAtha thaa| vahA~ para maiM dharmAnurAgI vidvAn paM0 cainasukhadAsa jI ke anurodha para Adarzanagara-sthita multAnI-samAja ke maMdira meM pravacana kiyA evaM isI samAja ke eka vyakti ke ghara vidhipUrvaka AhAra liyaa| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 bara'98 0013

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cU~ki usa samaya ke purAtanapaMthiyoM ne multAnI-samAja kI eka taraha se upekSA kara rakhI thI, ata: mere isa kadama kI samAja meM tIvra pratikriyA huI tathA una logoM ne kahA ki "hama inheM purAne zahara meM praveza nahIM karane deMge evaM inake pIchI-kamaNDalu chIna leNge|" hamAre guru mahArAja (AcArya dezabhUSaNa jI) ne bhI sthAnIya samAja ke ativirodha ke kAraNa mere Upara saMgha meM Ane para pratibandha lagA diyaa| taba maiMne sahaja zAMtabhAva se paM0 cainasukhadAsa jI ke nivedana para paM0 ToDaramala jI vAle maMdira meM cAturmAsa kiyaa| isa saba ghaTanAkrama se dharmAnurAgI vidvAn paM0 indralAla zAstrI bhI bahuta duHkhI huye evaM unhoMne mujhase kahA ki "mahArAja jI ! Apa ina bAtoM kI paravAha na kareM evaM apanI dharmaprabhAvanA jArI rkheN| janatA meM Apake pravacanoM kA bahuta prabhAva ho rahA hai|" taba maiMne unake prazaMsAvacanoM ko bhI samatAbhAva se sunA aura svAdhyAya meM lIna ho gyaa| na kevala mere sAtha, apitu anya dharmAtmA mahApuruSoM ke sAtha bhI aise anekoM prasaMga bane haiM; jinameM unhoMne asAdhAraNa dhairya, sAmyabhAva evaM gaMbhIratA kA paricaya diyA hai| unameM se do prasaMga yahA~ prastuta karatA hU~-paramapUjya AcArya zAMtisAgara jI se jaba kucha itarasamAja ke logoM ke jinamandira praveza kA muddA AyA tathA AcAryazrI ne yathAnAma mudrA meM zAstrokta rIti se samAdhAna diyA; to eka sajjana krodha se AgababUlA ho gaye aura bole ki "inheM to golI mAra denI caahiye|" pUjya AcAryazrI ne sadA kI bhA~ti zAMtabhAva va nizchala smita-hAsyapUrvaka unheM bhI "saddharmavRddhi" kA maMgala AzIrvAda diyaa| ___ mahAn dharmaprabhAvaka evaM zikSAprasAraka kSullaka gaNeza prasAda jI varNI jaba dillI meM Aye huye the tathA apanI udAravAdI vicAradhArA se unhoMne kucha kahA; to eka paramparAvAdI muMbaI nivAsI zrI nirajanalAla jaina ne unheM pIchI-kamaNDalu chIna lene kI dhamakI dii| to ve atyanta sarala nizchala muskAnapUrvaka zAMtabhAva se bole ki "bhaiyA ! mere pIchI-kamaNDalu to tuma bhale hI chIna sakate ho, parantu mere hRdaya meM arihaMta paramAtmA va vItarAga jainadharma ke prati ananya zraddhA hai, vaha kyA tuma chIna sakate ho? merA saMbala ye pIchIkamaNDalu nahIM haiM, apitu vaha zraddhA hai|" Aja ke isa viSama vAtAvaraNa meM to sajjanoM evaM sAdhuvRtti aparigrahI ahiMsakajanoM kA to jagat, akAraNa hI bairI banA huA hai| kahA bhI hai "niSkAraNaM vairiNo jgti|" ise laukika dRSTAntapUrvaka AcArya guNabhadra ne isaprakAra samajhAyA hai "bhItamUrtirgatatrANA nirdoSA dehvittkaaH| dantalagna-tRNA janti mRgIranyeSu kA kathA?" - (AtmAnuzAsana, 29) artha:-jina hiraNiyoM kA zarIra sadA bhaya se kA~patA rahatA hai, jinakA vana meM koI rakSaka nahIM hai, jo kisI ke prati aparAdha (aniSTa) bhI nahIM karatI haiM, jinake pAsa ekamAtra apane zarIra ko chor3akara dUsarA koI parigraha nahIM hai tathA jo apane dA~toM meM 0014 prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara'98

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tinakA liye hai (loka meM dA~toM meM tinakA lekara AnA ahiMsakarUpa se zaraNAgata hone kA pratIka mAnA jAtA hai|)-aisii hariNiyoM kA bhI ghAta karane meM jaba hiMsaka loga nahIM cUkate haiM, to phira dUsare (sAparAdha) prANiyoM ke viSaya meM kyA kahA jA sakatA hai? Aja AvazyakatA hai ki hama zAstra ko evaM loka ko donoM ko jAnakara apane pada kI maryAdA ke anukUla AcaraNa kareM; tAki dharma kI prabhAvanA to ho, kintu kisI bhI rUpa meM vAda-vivAda Adi ke nimitta hama na bneN| tataH kim? dattaM padaM zirasi vidviSatAM tata: kim? jAtA: zriya: sakalakAmadudhAstata: kim? santarpitA: praNayino vibhavaistata: kim? kalpasthitaM tanubhRtAM tanubhistata: kim? -(amRtAzIti, padya 77, pRSTha 155) artha:-zatruoM/vidveSiyoM ke mastaka para apanA paira rakha diyA (arthAt unheM padadalita kara diyA), to isase kyA? sampUrNa logoM ke abhilaSita hitakArI phala ko denevAlI sampattiyoM dI gayIM, to isase kyA? prakRSTatara vaibhavoM se iSTajana bhalIbhA~ti tRpta kara diye gaye, to isase kyA? saMsAriyoM ke zarIra kalpAnta-sthiti ho gaye, to isase kyA? ___arthAt ye laukika sAdhAraNa logoM ke lie bhale hI upalabdhi ke rUpa meM lageM, kintu AdhyAtmika sajjanoM para ina bAtoM kA koI prabhAva nahIM par3atA hai| ve ina sabako tuccha hI jAnate haiN| yadi ye kArya kisI ko upalabdhirUpa pratIta hoM, to samajhanA cAhie ki vaha sAmAnya mohI saMsArI prANI hai, AdhyAtmika unnati evaM tattvajJAna ke dharAtala para abhI apane padanyAsa bhI nahIM kiyA hai| udAsInatA 'hAMsI meM viSAda base, vidyA meM vivAda base, kAyA meM marana, guru vartana meM hiintaa| zuci meM gilAnI base, prApati meM hAni base, jaise hAri sundaradazA meM chvi-hiintaa|| roga base bhoga meM, saMyoga meM viyoga base, guNa meM garaba base, sevAmA~hi hiintaa| aura jagarIti jetI garbhita asAtA setI, sAtA kI sahelI hai akelI udaasiintaa||' -(samayasAra nATaka 11) . artha:-hAsa-parihAsa meM viSAda kA nivAsa hai, vidyA meM vivAda kA bhaya hai, kAya meM mRtyu bhIti hai, gurutA meM laghutA se bhaya hai, pavitratA meM pavitratA naSTa na ho kahIM--yaha glAni basI huI hai, prApti meM hAni kI AzaMkA hai, jaya meM parAjaya kA bhaya hai, saundarya meM usake kSINa hone kA duHkha basA hai, bhogoM meM roga base haiM, saMyoga meM viyoga kI antardhvani hai, guNoM meM garva kA nivAsa hai aura sevA meM hInatA kA bodha hotA rahatA hai| isaprakAra jitanI saMsAra kI rItiyAM haiM, ve asAtA (du:kha) se garbhita haiM, sukhoM kI sakhI to ekamAtra udAsInavRtti, vairAgyacaryA hai| - prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0015

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'NamokAra maMtra' meM loe' evaM 'savva' padoM kI vizeSatA -munizrI kanakojjvalanandi 'NamokAra mahAmaMtra' kA jainasamAja ke pratyeka vyaktitva se janma se lekara mRtyuparyanta avirala sambandha rahatA hai| baccA jaba janma letA hai, to hama usake kAnoM meM sarvaprathama 'NamokAra maMtra' hI sunAte haiM tathA jaba anta samaya AtA hai, taba bhI NamokAra maMtra' hI kAna meM sunAte haiN| isake atirikta pratidina devadarzana, sAmAyika Adi dhArmika kriyAoM meM, subaha uThate samaya evaM rAtri meM sote samaya pratyeka zrAvaka-zrAvikA, AbAlavRddha isakA smaraNa va japa karate haiN| yahI nahIM, yaha mahAmaMtra kisI bhI avasthA meM japane yogya, sunAne yogya mAnA gayA hai, isIlie kahA jAtA hai "apavitra: pavitro vA susthito duHsthito'pi vaa| ya: smaret paramAtmAnaM sa bAhyAbhyantare zuci: / / " saMbhavata: isIlie maraNAsanna kutte ko jIvaMdhara svAmI ne NamokAra maMtra' sunAyA, aMjanacora ne bhI isakA jApa kiyA aura bhI anekoM vRttAnta isake mAhAtmya se bhare par3e haiN| yaha mahAmaMtra vaise to anAdinidhana mahAmaMtra mAnA jAtA hai, kintu vartamAna paramparA meM ise 'chakkhaMDAgamasutta' (SaTkhaNDAgamasUtra) ke AdipraNetA AcArya puSpadanta ke dvArA nirmita mAnA jAtA hai| isakI puSTi svayaM dhavalAkAra AcArya vIrasena svAmI ne 'nibaddha maMgala' kahakara kI hai| isa mahAmaMtra arihaMta Adi paMcaparameSThiyoM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| isakA mUla zuddhapATha nimnAnusAra hai "Namo arihaMtANaM, Namo siddhANaM Namo aairiyaannN| Namo uvajjhAyANaM, Namo loe savva sAhUNaM / / " isameM cAra parameSThiyoM ke padoM ke sAtha to namaskAravAcI Namo' pada kA hI prayoga huA hai, kintu paMcama parameSThI vAcaka sAhUNaM' pada ke sAtha Namo' ke atirikta loe' evaM 'savva' padoM kA bhI prayoga huA hai| dhavalAkAra AcArya vIrasena svAmI inake bAre meM likhate haiM "sarvanamaskAreSvatratanasarvalokazabdAvantadIpakatvAdadhyAhartavyau sakalakSetragatatrikAlagocararArhadAdi-devatApraNamanArtham / " artha:-isa paMcaparameSThI namaskAra maMtra meM jo 'sarva' aura 'loka' ('savva' aura 'loe') pada haiM, ve 'antadIpaka' haiM; ata: sampUrNa kSetroM meM rahanevAle trikAlavartI arihaMta Adi parameSThiyoM ko namaskAra karane ke lie unheM pratyeka namaskarAtmaka pada ke sAtha (Namo loe savva arihaMtANaM, Namo loe savva siddhANaM....ityAdi prakAra se) jor3a lenA 0016 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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caahiye| isameM Agata savva' pada kI 'sAhUNaM' pada ke sAtha vizeSa sArthakatA pramANita karane ke lie 'mUlArAdhanA' meM likhA hai "NivvANasAhage joge sadA juMjaMti saahvo| samA sabvesu bhUdesu tamhA te svvsaahvo||" - (gAthA 512) artha:-nirvANa (mokSa) ke sAdhanAbhUta mUlaguNoM Adi meM sarvakAla apane AtmA ko jor3ate haiM aura sabhI jIvoM meM samabhAva ko prApta hote haiM, isalie ve 'sarvasAdhu' (savvasAhU) kahalAte haiN| samatA hI Ananda kI krIDAsthalI hai 'samAmRtAnandabhareNa pIDite, bhavanmana: kuDmalake sphuTayatyati / vigAhya lIlAmudiyAya kevalaM, sphaTaika vizvodaradIpakArciSaH / / ' -(AcArya amRtacandra, laghutattvasphoTa, 11, pRSTha 51) artha:-(samatAmRtabhareNa) samatArUpI amRtajanya AnaMda ke bhAra se (pIDite) pIDita-yukta (bhavanmana- kuDmalake sphuTayatyati) Apake manarUpI kuDmala-kalIke sarvathA vikasita ho jAne para (lIlAM vigAhya) ananta AnaMda kI krIDA meM praveza karake (sphuTaika vizvodara-dIpakArciSa: kevalaM udiyAya) samasta vizva ke udara ko sphuTa rUpa se prakaTa karanevAle dIpaka kI jyotisvarUpa ko Apako kevalajJAna prakaTa huaa| ____tAtparya usakA yahI hai ki jaba samatArUpI amRta kA AnaMda ApakI AtmA meM bhara gayA taba samasta vizva ko prakAzita karanevAlA kevalajJAna Apako prApta huA yahI ApakI lIlA-krIDA (dharmakrIDA) hai| vaktA ke guNa 'nAnopAkhyAnakuzalo nAnAbhASAvizAradaH, nAnA zAstrakalAmijJa:sa bhavet kthkaagrnnii| nAMgulI-bhaMjanaM kuryAnna dhruvau nartayed bruvan, nAdhikSipena ca hasennAtyuccairna zanairvadat / / ' -(mahApurANa, prathama 130/31) artha:-jo nAnA prakAra ke udAharaNa dvArA vastusvarUpa kahane meM kuzala hai, prAkRta saMskRta, apabhraMza, apabhraMza, prAdezika, hindI Adi bhASAoM meM vizArada hai evaM aneka zAstra tathA kalAoM meM abhijJa hai, vaha pravaktAoM meM agraNI hotA hai| vaktA ko aMguliyA~ nahIM bajAnI cAhie, bolate samaya bhauMhoM ko nahIM nacAnA cAhie, kisI para AkSepa nahIM karanA cAhie, ha~sanA nahIM cAhie tathA ati U~cA athavA ati nIcA (dhIre) nahIM bolanA caahie| ** prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0017

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gRhasthoM ko bhI dharmopadeza kA adhikAra -sva0 paM0 mANikacaMdra kaundeya, nyAyAcArya gRhastha paNDita bhI upadeza de sakate haiN| sabakA srota sarvajJokta se hai| udbhaTa AcAryoM ke banAye huye samayasAra, kaSAyaprAbhRta, tattvArthasUtra, gommaTasAra, rAjavArtika Adi mahAn grantha haiM hI, inakI yAnI dhanaMjayakavi, vidvadvarya AzAdharajI, ToDaramalajI Adi ke banAye gaye dvisaMdhAna-kAvya, viSApahAra stotra, dharmAmRta, pratiSThApATha, mokSamArgaprakAzaka Adi grantha bhI zlAghanIya ho rahe haiN| paMcAdhyAyI, cAritrasAra, carcA-samAdhAna, carcA-zataka, dharma-praznottara, medhAvI zrAvakAcAra, jJAnAnanda zrAvakAcAra, do kriyAkoza ko bhI gRhasthoM ne racA hai| jayapura ke vidvAnoM ne gommaTasAra, trilokasAra, sarvArthasiddhi, prameratnamAlA Adi kI prAmANika bhASA-TIkAyeM likhI haiN| mujha choTe-se gRhastha ne bhI 'zlokavArtika' nAmaka nyAyasiddhAnta grantha kI eka lAkha tIsa hajAra zloka pramANa bhASATIkA likhI hai| zrI deva-zAstra-guru ke prasAda se yaha zubhopayoga kA kArya pandraha varSoM meM sampanna huA hai| ___ tathA anya vidvAnoM, yathA-paNDita banArasIdAsa jI, bhUdharadAsajI, dyAnatarAya jI, bhAgacandra jI prabhRti zrAvaka-vidvAnoM ke banAye huye purANa, bhASApATha, pUjana, padya, vinatiyoM kA saMgraha AdaraNIya ho rahe haiN| aviratasamyagdRSTi vyavahAra-zrAvaka zreNika jI kA to eka caritra-grantha hI zAstragaddI para par3hA jAtA hai| aise sItAcaritra, ravivratakathA, sugandhadazamIvrata-kathAyeM bhI zAstra-sabhA meM vAMcI jAtI haiN| kaSAyabhAva manda hoya, vizuddha-pratibhA hoya, jinazAsana-prabhAvanA kA utkaTa-bhAva ho; to saMskRta, prAkRta, dezabhASA ke graMthoM ko koI bhI mUla yA TIkA, stuti Adi rUpa se likha sakatA hai| aise kArya meM laukika ArAma aura tana-dhana kI cintAyeM chor3anI par3atI haiN| ___ mahApaNDita gopAladAsa jI baraiyA, tyAgI, (pU0 AcArya zAMtisAgara dIkSita) muni kunthusAgara jI, udAsIna dulIcandra jI Adi kI lekhAvali jaina-janatA ke svAdhyAya meM A rahI haiN| sabakA sAkSAt paramparA-sambandha zrI mahAvIra bhagavAn se hai| jaise ki bijalI kI choTI sI battI kahIM camaka rahI hoya, usakA sambandha bar3e bijalIghara (pAvara hAusa) se hai ;isIprakAra bhale hI madhya meM kaI lapeTa, vezabhUSA pahina liye jAyeM; tadvat ukta prameyoM kA sambandha vIrodbhava dvAdazAMga vANI se jur3A rahA hai| aprAmANika vAkyAvali kI carcA pRthak hai, sarvatra AbhAsa pAye jAte haiN| ___ Aja bhI aneka gRhastha paNDita upadeza dete haiM; sabhA meM katipaya muni, ailaka, kSullaka, vratI, tyAgI udAsI zrAvaka samajhadAra zrotA upayoga lagAkara savinaya jinavANI ko sunate haiN| bAhara veSa ke binA bhI aneka AtmAoM meM pavitratva ghusa rahA hai, jaise ki sAtaveM naraka meM ATha antarmuhUrta teMtIsa sAgara taka samyagdarzana camakatA raha sakatA hai tathA dravyaliMgI yA 0018 prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara'98

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nava graiveyaka meM vahirveSI ke mithyAtvodaya vidyamAna hai| 'bharata nRpa ghara hI meM vairAgI' anya bhI gRhastha vidvAnoM kI aneka amara kRtiyA~ haiN| tIrthaMkara-janma, munidAna, mandira caityAlaya banavAnA, utsava pratiSThA karAnA, saMgha nikAlanA, vidyAlaya calAnA Adi kAryoM ko gRhastha hI kara sakatA hai| pA~caveM se chaThe-sAtaveM guNasthAna kA mAtra savAyA-Dyor3hA antara hai| samyaktva se guNakAra lagAnA, nIce to zUnya hai| -(sAbhAra uddhRta, 'dharma-phala siddhAnta', pRSTha 199-201) AtmajJAna se nirvANa-prApti eSa sarveSu bhUteSu gUDhAtmA na prkaashte| dRzyate tvayA buddhyA sUkSmayA sUkSmadarzimiH / / -(kaThopaniSad, 1, 3, 12) hanta te'ham pravakSyAmi guhyaM sanAtanam / yathA ca maraNaM prApya AtmA bhavati gautm|| yonimanye prapadyante zarIratvAya dehinaH / sauNumanye'nusaMyanti yathAkarma yathAzrutam / / -(kaThopaniSad, 2, 2, 6-7) artha: arthAt prANimAtra meM eka anAdi ananta sajIva tattva hai, jo bhautika na hone ke kAraNa dikhAI nahIM detA; vahI AtmA hai| marane ke pazcAt yaha AtmA apane karma va jJAna kI avasthAnusAra vRkSoM se lekara saMsAra kI nAnA jIva-yoniyoM meM bhaTakatA phiratA hai, jaba taka ki apane sarvotkRSTa caritra aura jJAna dvArA nirvANa pada' prApta nahIM kara letaa| 'upaniSat' meM jo yaha upadeza gautama ko nAma lekara sunAyA gayA hai, vaha hameM jainadharma ke antima tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke una upadezoM kA smaraNa karAye binA nahIM rahatA, jo unhoMne apane pradhAna ziSya indrabhUti gautama' ko gautama nAma se hI saMbodhita karake sunAye the, aura jinheM unhIM gautama ne bAraha aMgoM meM nibaddha kiyA, jo prAcInatama jaina- sAhitya hai aura 'dvAdazAMga Agama' yA jaina zrutAMga' ke nAma se pracalita pAyA jAtA hai| -(sAbhAra uddhRta : DaoN0 hIrAlAla jaina kRta 'bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna' pRSTha 50-51) ** 'bhikSurekaH sukhI loke 'vAso bahUnAM kalaho, bhaved vArtAdvayorapi / eka eva carettasmAt, kumAryA iva kaMkaNam / / ' ____ artha:-bahuta loga eka sAtha rahate haiM, to kalaha nirmANa hotA hai aura do rahate haiM, to vArtAlApa hotA hai| ata: sanyAsI ko ekAkI-ekAMta meM hI rahanA cAhie; jaise-kumArI | kanyA ke hAtha kA (eka) hI kaMkaNa hotA hai| ** prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0019

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ekaH zaraNaM zuddhopayogaH -DaoN0 sudIpa jaina AcArya kundakunda-praNIta 'pavayaNasAro' grantha kI TIkA meM jaba AcArya amRtacandra sUri yaha nirdeza dete haiM ki "eka: zaraNaM zuddhopayoga:"; to yaha vAkya na kevala AdhyAtmika cetanA kA saMvAhaka banatA hai, apitu yugIna paridRzya ko bhI atyanta vizadarUpa meM saMketita kara detA hai| vastuta: yaha to kundakundAcArya ke abhiprAya kI spaSTa vyAkhyAmAtra hai; ata: isase spaSTa vidita hotA hai ki aMtima zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu ke uparAnta jaba jainasaMgha prAya: bikhara rahA thA tathA jainazramaNa kevala bAhyAcAra meM ulajhakara raha gaye the; taba AcArya kundakunda ne 'samayasAra' jaise granthoM kI racanA karake unameM tathA sampUrNa jinadharmAnuyAyiyoM meM AdhyAtmika cetanA kA saMcAra kiyaa| unhoMne spaSTarUpa se kahA ki kevala bAhya kriyAkANDa se AtmA kA kalyANa saMbhava nahIM hai, apitu zuddhAtmAnubhUti hI vAstavika mokSamArga hai| vastuta: yahI unakA saccA' AcAryatva' thaa| 'cAritrasAra' meM AcArya kA svarUpa spaSTa karate huye likhA hai- "bhavyA AtmahitArthamAcaranti yasmAta sa aacaary:| artha:-jo bhavyajIvoM ko Atmahita ke lie sanmArga para AcaraNa karAte haiM, ve 'AcArya' haiN| ___ yaha unakA bAhya-svarUpa hai; unakA antaraMga-svarUpa batAte huye paMDitapravara ToDaramala jI likhate haiM--"bahuri je mukhyapaneM to nirvikalpa svarUpAcaraNavirSe hI nimagna haiN.....|" aise AcAryoM ko 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' kI TIkA meM 'ekadezasiddha' kahA gayA hai "AcAryAdayo'pi kinnopaattaastessaampyekdeshsiddhaasti| artha:--AcArya Adi kA grahaNa kyoM nahIM kiyA? kyoMki ve (AcAryAdi) ekadezasiddha' haiN| vastuta: 'zuddhAtmA' ko jAnanA hI samaya' arthAt dvAdazAMgI jinavANI yA sampUrNa zAstroM kA 'sAra' hai| isIlie zuddhAtmA ko jAnane vAle upayoga arthAt 'zuddhopayoga' ko bhI 'samayasAra'" saMjJA AcAryoM ne dI hai| AcArya vasunandi likhate haiM-- ___ "samayasAraM dvAdazAMga-caturdazapUrvANAM sAraM paramatattvam" artha:-'samayasAra' hI paramatattva hai, vaha bAraha aMgoM aura caudaha pUrvo kA 'sAra' hai| samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrarUpa nizcayaratnatrayAtmaka mokSamArga ko bhI 'samayasAra' kahA gayA hai, tathA usameM jo jIva ko sthApita karane meM samartha hotA hai, vahI 'AcArya' kahA gayA hai- "NANammi daMsaNammi ya caraNammi ca tIsu smysaaresu| sakkedi jo Thave, gaNamathANaM gaNadharo so||"" artha:-jo svayaM ko tathA sAdhusaMgha ko samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra meM tathA ina tInoM 0020 prAkRtavidyA+ aktUbara-disambara'98

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rUpa 'samayasAra' (zuddhAtmA) meM sthApita karane meM samartha hotA hai, vaha 'gaNa kA dhAraka' arthAt 'AcArya' hai| tathA jo isa zuddhAtmatattvarUpI 'samayasAra' ko nahIM jAnate haiM, unheM AcArya devasena 'ajJAnI' evaM 'mUDha' upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita karate haiM ___"so aNNANI mUDho, jo Na yANade smysaarN|" artha:--vaha ajJAnI evaM mUr3ha hai, jo samayasAra' ko nahIM jAnatA hai| vastuta: saMsAra meM saba kucha sulabha hai, ekamAtra yathArthajJAna yA zuddhAtmAnubhUti kI prApti durlabha hai| isI tathya ko rekhAMkita karate huye kavivara bhUdharadAsa jI likhate haiM "dhana-kana-kaMcana-rAjasukha, sabahi sulabha kara jaan| durlabha hai saMsAra meM, eka yathAratha jJAna / / " isa jJAna kI prApti ke lie vizeSa kSayopazama honA bhI apekSita nahIM hai| mahAjJAnI AcArya vIrasena svAmI likhate haiM ki- "oNgghehaavaay-dhaarnnaao|" ___arthAt jo avagraha-IhA-avAya aura dhAraNA rUpa sAmAnya matijJAna haiM; vahI apane Apako samajhane ke lie paryApta hai| AcArya kundakunda ne bhI isa tathya kI puSTi kI hai___"oNggaha-IhAvAyA-dhAraNa-guNasaMpadehiM sNjuttaa| ... suttatthabhAvaNAe bhAviyamANehiM vaMdAmi / / "" artha:--jo avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA kI guNasaMpadA se saMyukta haiM tathA sUtra evaM artha kI bhAvanA ko bhAte haiM, unheM maiM namaskAra karatA huuN| jarA vicAra kareM ki mAtra ukta cAra zreNiyukta matijJAna' se saMyukta zuddhAtmatattva kI bhAvanA karanevAloM ko jaba kundakunda jaise AcArya vaMdana karane ko taiyAra haiM, taba zuddhAtmAnubhava ke lie bahuta zAstrajJAna yA pANDityapUrNa kSayopazama kI apekSA hI kahA~ raha jAtI hai? yahA~ prasaMgavaza eka kathana aura uddhRta karanA cAhatA huuN| 'pavayaNasAro' kI 'tAtparyavRtti' nAmaka TIkA meM AcArya jayasena likhate haiM ki _ "sAsAdanAdi-kSINakaSAyAntA ekadezajinA ucynte|"" artha:-sAsAdana samyaktva' nAmaka dvitIya guNasthAna se lekara kSINakaSAya' nAmaka bAraheM guNasthAna-paryanta sabhI jIva 'ekadezajina' kahe gaye haiN| inameM mAtra mithyAtva' guNasthAna hI chor3A gayA hai, zeSa arihanta-avasthA ke parvavartI samasta guNasthAnoM meM sthita jIvoM ko ekadezajina' saMjJA dI gayI hai| yaha tathya batalAtA hai ki zuddhAtmabhAvanA se rahita 'mithyAtva' hI jIva ke lie aisA mahAghAtaka tattva hai, jisake rahate jIva nirantara ghora karmabandha karatA huA saMsAra meM bhaMyakara duHkha bhogatA hai| tathA eka zuddhAtmatattva hI aisA mahAn patitapAvana tattva hai, jisakA Azraya lekara patita bhI pAvana ho jAtA hai| isI zuddhAtmabhAvanA zuddhAtmatattva anubhUti kA nAma prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 bara'98 1021

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'zuddhopayoga' hai| isI ko samayasAra' bhI kahA gayA hai| yaha zrAvakoM evaM zramaNoM - donoM ke lie upAdeya hai| isIlie isakA pratipAdaka graMtha (samayasAra) bhI sabhI ke lie upayogI hai| zramaNa to vizeSata: zuddhAtmAnubhUti-pAraMgata hote haiM; ata: unase bhI adhika usakI zikSA evaM preraNA zrAvakoM ko apekSiti hone se AcArya kundakunda ne vizeSata: zuddhopayoga kI prApti meM sahAyaka graMtha 'samayasAra' kI racanA zrAvakoM kI mukhyatA se kI hai| zuddhopayoga-pAraMgata zramaNoM ko to isakA svAntaHsukhAya upAdeyatA hai hii| isa tathya ko AcArya kundakunda ne svayaM 'samayasAra' meM saMketita kiyA hai "pAsaMDiyaliMgANi ya gihiliMgANi ya bhuppyaaraanni|" - (gAthA 408) "Na vi esa mokkhamaggo pAsaMDiya gihimayANi liNgaanni|" - (gAthA 410) "tamhA jahittu liMge sAgAraNagAriye hi vA ghide|| daMsaNa-NANa-caritte appANaM muMja mokkhapahe / / " - (gAthA 411) "pAsaMDiyaliMgesu va gihiliMgesu va bhuppyaaresu| kuvvaMti je mamattaM tehi Na NAdaM samayasAraM / / " - (gAthA 413) ina gAthAsUtroM meM 'gRhastha' evaM 'sAgAra' kA 'pAsaMDI' (sAdhu) evaM 'anagAra' padoM ke sAtha prayoga batAtA hai ki 'samayasAra' kI racanA ke samaya kundakunda kI dRSTi meM gRhastha aura sAdhu --donoM the tathA unhoMne binA kisI bhedabhAva ke donoM ko gRhasthapane evaM sAdhupane ke ahaM se mukta kara samayasAra' (zuddhAtmatattva) samajhAyA hai| yaha tathya gaMbhIratApUrvaka mananIya hai| ___ zuddhAtmatattva kI prApti 'zuddhopayoga' kI avasthA meM hI hotI hai tathA yahI saMvara-nirjarA evaM mokSa kA sAdhana hai --aisA anekatra batalAyA gayA hai "suddheNa lahadi siddhiM evaM loyaM viciNtijjo|.... suddhavajogeNa puNo dhammaM sukkaM ca hodi jIvassa / tamhA saMvarahed jhANotti viciMtaye NiccaM / / 12 arthAt zuddhopayoga se hI jIva siddhiloka ko prApta karatA hai--aisA ciMtana karanA caahie| kyoMki zuddhopayoga se hI jIva ko dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna kI prApti hotI hai, ata: saMvara ke hetubhUta isa zuddhopayoga kA sAdhana nitya karanA cAhiye / zuddhopayoga kA phala nirUpita karate hue AcArya zubhacandra likhate haiM "ni:zeSa-kleza-nirmuktaM svabhAvajamanazvaram / phalaM zuddhopayogasya jJAnarAjyasya kAraNam / / "" artha:-jIvoM ko zuddhopayoga kA phala samasta duHkhoM se rahita, svAbhAvika, avinAzI jJAna-sAmrAjya kI prApti hotA hai| AcArya yogIndradeva ne zuddhopayoga ko hI sarvasAdhaka hone se use sabameM pradhAna batAyA 0022 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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"suddhaha~ saMjuma sIlu tau suddhaha~ daMsaNu nnaannu| suddhaha~ kammakkhau havai suddhau teNa pahANu / / "" artha:-zuddhopayoga se hI saMyama, zIla, darzana, jJAna kI prApti evaM karmakSaya hotA hai; ata: zuddhopayoga hI pradhAna hai| yaha zuddhopayoga cU~ki AtmadhyAnarUpa hai, ata: yaha sAgAra (gRhastha) evaM anagAra (muni) --donoM ko hI muktisukha kA kAraNa batAyA gayA hai "sAgAru vi NAgArukuvi jo appANi bsei| so lahu pAvai siddhi-suhu jiNavaru ema bhnnei||"15 artha:-sAdhaka vyakti gRhastha ho athavA muni ho, jo koI bhI nijAtmA meM nivAsa (AtmadhyAna yA zuddhopayoga) karatA hai; vaha zIghra hI siddhisukha ko prApta karatA hai --aisA jinendra bhagavAn ne kahA hai| yahA~ para graMthakartA AcArya yogIndradeva ne isa kathana ko 'jinendra bhagavAn kA aisA kathana hai' --aisI vizeSa prAmANikatA pradAna kI hai - vaha soddezya hai| gRhasthoM evaM muniyoM-donoM meM zuddhopayoga ho sakatA hai - isa tathya kI puSTi unhoMne yahA~ sarvajJaparamAtmA ke dvArA karAyI hai| - AcArya brahmadevasUri ne to 'zuddhopayoga ko hI dharma' kahA hai tathA 'dharma' ke zAstrokta sabhI lakSaNoM ko isI meM caritArtha kiyA hai:- "dharmazabdenAtra nizcayena jIvasya zuddhapariNAma eva graahyH| tasya tu madhye vItarAgasarvajJapraNItanayavibhAgena sarve dharmA antarbhUtA lbhynte| yathA ahiMsAlakSaNo dharma:,so'pi jIvazuddhabhAvaM vinA na saMbhavati / sAgArAnagAralakSaNo dharma:,so'pi tathaiva / uttamakSamAdidazavidho dharmaH,so'pi jiivshuddhbhaavmpeksste| ___ 'sadRSTijJAnavRttAni dharmaM dharmezvarA viduH' ityuktaM yaddharmalakSaNaM, tadapi tathaiva / rAgadveSamoharahita: pariNAmo dharmaH,so'pi jIvazuddhasvabhAva eva / vastusvabhAvo dharma: so'pi tthaiv| .....atrAha ziSya: / pUrvasUtre bhaNita zuddhopayogamadhye saMyamAdaya: sarve guNA: lbhynte| ataeva tu bhaNitamAtmana: zuddhapariNAma eva dharmaH, tatra sarve dharmAzca lbhynte| ko vizeSa:? prihaarmaah| tatra zuddhopayogasaMjJA mukhyA, atra tu dharmasaMjJA mukhyA etAvAn vizeSa: / tAtparyaM tdev|" __ artha:-yahA~ 'dharma' zabda se nizcaya se jIva ke zuddha pariNAma grahaNa karane caahie| usameM hI nayavibhAgarUpa se vItarAgasarvajJapraNIta sarvadharma antarbhUta ho jAte haiN| vaha aise kiahiMsA-lakSaNa dharma hai, so jIva ke zuddhabhAva ke binA sambhava nhiiN| sAgAra-anagAra prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0023

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lakSaNavAlA dharma bhI vaisA hI hai| uttamakSamAdi dazaprakAra ke lakSaNavAlA dharma bhI jIva ke zuddhabhAva kI apekSA karatA hai| ratnatraya lakSaNavAlA dharma bhI vaisA hI hai| rAga-dveSa-moha ke abhAvarUpa lakSaNavAlA dharma bhI jIva kA zuddha svabhAva hI batAtA hai| aura vastusvabhAva lakSaNavAlA dharma bhI vaisA hI hai| prazna-pahale sUtra meM to zuddhopayoga meM sarvaguNa prApta hote haiM, aisA batAyA gayA hai| aura yahA~ AtmA ke zuddha pariNAma ko dharma batAkara usameM sarvadharmoM kI prApti kahI gyii| ina donoM meM kyA vizeSa hai? ___ uttara--vahA~ zuddhopayoga saMjJA mukhya thI aura yahA~ dharmasaMjJA'mukhya hai| itanA hI ina donoM meM vizeSa hai| tAtparya eka hI hai| ukta vivecana ke anusAra dharma kI samasta paribhASAyeM, mokSa ke samasta sAdhana evaM samasta mAMgalika abhyudayakArI anuSThAna eka zuddhopayoga meM hI antargarbhita ho jAte haiN| isIlie isa zuddhopayoga kI prApti ke binA na to zrAvakadharma vastuta: garimA prApta karatA hai aura na hI munidharma / ata: 'zrAvaka' ho yA 'zramaNa', unheM zuddhopayoga kI ora vizeSa lakSya rakhanA cAhiye - yahI vItarAga mArga hai| zramaNacaryA meM to hara aMtaramuhurta meM zuddhopayoga kI prApti yadi na ho, to chaThaveM guNasthAna se sAtaveM guNasthAna meM jA hI na skeN| tathA zramaNa to chaThaveM-sAtaveM guNasthAna meM hI jhUlate haiN| saMdarbhagraMtha-sUcI 1. cAritrasAra, pRSTha 143 / 2. mokSamArga prakAzaka, 2/51 3. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, pRSTha 4 / 4. dravyasaMgraha TIkA, gAthA 55/225 / 5. mUlAcAra bhASya, gAthA 891 / 6. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 2911 7. bhAvasaMgraha, gAthA 2711 8. bodhidurlabha bhaavnaa| 9. dhavalA, bhAga 1, pRSTha 24 / 10. Ayariyabhatti, gAthA 9 / 11. pavayaNasAro, gAthA 201 kI ttiikaa| 12. bArasa aNuvaikkhA , gA0 42 evaM 64 / 13. jJAnArNava, 3/341 14. paramappayAsu (paramAtmaprakAza), 2/67 / 15. joyasAru (yogasAra), yogIndradeva, 651 16. draSTavya, paramAtmaprakAza TIkA, 2/68 / 1024 praakRtvidyaar| aktUbara-disambara'98

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tIrthaMkara kI divyadhvani kI bhASA -nAthUlAla jaina zAstrI divyadhvani aura prANimAtra meM maitrI Adi 14 atizaya tIrthaMkara kevalI ke devakRta' batAye haiN| AcArya kundakundadevakRta 'dasaNapAhuDa' gAthA 35 kI saMskRta TIkA meM kevalajJAna ke caturdaza atizayoM meM ukta divyadhvani ko sarvArddhamAgadhIbhASA' kahA hai| usake artha meM magadhadeva ke sannidhAna hone para tIrthaMkara kI vANI arddhamagadhadeza-bhASAtmaka evaM arddha-sarvabhASAtmaka pariNata hotI hai| maitrI ke viSaya meM vahI spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai ki samavasaraNa meM sarva janasamUha mAgadha evaM prItaMkaradeva-kRta atizaya ke kAraNa mAgadhI bhASA meM paraspara bolate haiM aura mitrarUpa meM vyavahAra karate haiN| 'tiloyapaNNattI' Adi ke anusAra tIrthaMkaroM kI divyadhvani tAlu, daMta, oSTha ke halana-calana binA hotI hai| ___ hama pUjA meM par3hate haiM--'oMkAra dhvani sAra dvAdazAMgavANI vimala' / mUla meM kevalI ke samasta zarIra se 'om' dhvani-anakSarAtmaka zabda-taraMgarUpa sapreSaNa dvArA binA icchA ke meghagarjanA ke samAna zrotAoM ke karNa meM praveza karate samaya unakI yogyatAnusAra unakI bhASArUpa akSarAtmaka hokara parivartita hotI hai| isameM mAgadhadevoM kA sannidhAna rahatA hai, jaisA ki ukta daMsaNapAhUDa' TIkA meM batAyA gayA hai| sAtha hI kevalI kA atizaya to hai hii| bhASA ke prasAra meM deva sahayoga pradAna karate rahate haiN| divyadhvani tIrthaMkara nAmakarmodaya ke kAraNa kaNTha-tAlu Adi ko prakaMpita kiye binA zabda-vargaNAoM ke kaMpana ke sAtha dhvani hotI hai, jo paudgalika hai| kAyayoga (vacana) se AkRSTa pudgalaskaMdha svayaM zabda kA AkAra lete haiM, yAni bhASArUpa meM pariNamana karate haiN| tIrthaMkara kI dhvani meM aisI svAbhAvika zakti hotI hai, jisameM vaha aThAraha mahAbhASA evaM sAta sau laghubhASA rUpa meM pariNata hotI hai| sAtha hI samasta manuSyoM, devoM evaM pazu-pakSiyoM kI saMketAtmaka bhASA meM parivartita ho jAtI hai| -(AdipurANa, 23/70) Upara jo tIrthaMkara-vANI ko 'arddhamAgadhI' kahA hai, yadyapi usameM 'mAgadha' zabda kA saMbaMdha. devoM se batA diyA gayA hai| sAtha hI magadhadeza ke arddhapradeza kI bhASA kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai, jisameM aThAraha dezI bhASAoM kA mizraNa hai| _ 'aTThArasa desIbhAsA Niyama vA addhamAgaham' arthAt aThAraha dezI bhASAoM kA mizraNa 'arddhamAgadhI' hai| AcArya jinasena Adi ne ise 'sarvabhASAtmaka' kahA hai| hamArA yahA~ likhane kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki 'arhat vacana' patrikA ke jo kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura se prakAzita hotI hai--julAI '98 aMka meM ema0DI0 vasantarAja kA digambara jaina Agama ke bAre meM eka cintana' eka paThanIya lekha prakAzita huA jo (kannar3a bhASA se) hindI anuvAda hai| lekhaka prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0025

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bahuzruta evaM adhyayanazIla hai| isameM pRSTha 41 para likhA hai ki "digambara paramparA ke Agama ko 'zaurasenI jainAgama' aura zvetAmbara paramparA ke Agama ko 'arddhamAgadhI' jainAgama nAma hAla hI meM kucha vidvAnoM ne diyA hai / para digambara jaina AmnAya ke viSaya meM anarthakArI prabhAva karanevAlA hai| vAstava meM Agama kI bhASA ko 'ArSaprAkRta' arthAt 'muniyoM kI prAkRtabhASA' kahakara pukArA jAtA thaa| mahAvIra svAmI ke upadeza kI bhASA arddhamAgadha (prAkRta) bhASA thI / digambara aura zvetAmbara - donoM paMthavAloM ne yaha nAma diyA hai|" isa ullekha se bhrama hotA hai ki mAno lekhaka mAna rahe haiM ki bhagavAn kA 'arddhamAgadhI' meM upadeza huA aura usI 'arddhamAgadhI' meM zvetAmbara - graMthoM kA nirmANa huA; ata: unakA mahattva vizeSa hai aura digambara - graMtha usase bhinna zaurasenI bhASA meM race gaye; ata: unakA vaisA mahattva nahIM rhaa| yahI isa lekha se anarthakArI prabhAva ho sakatA hai| isake atirikta prAmANikatA - aprAmANikatA meM bhI anartha mAnA jA sakatA hai| yaha lekhaka dvArA ciMtA prakaTa karane kI bhASA hai, AkSepa kI nahIM / tIrthaMkara divyadhvani kI bhASA ke saMbaMdha meM hamane isa lekha ke prAraMbha meM spaSTIkaraNa de diyA hai ki 'divyadhvani sarvabhASAtmaka' hai| 'arddhamAgadhI' nAmakaraNa bhI mAgadha deva ke kAraNa hai aura magadhadeza kA bhI saMbaMdha hokara usake sAtha anya bhASAoM kA mizraNa hai / "sarvArdhamAgadhI sarvabhASAsu pariNAminIm / sarveSAM sarvato vAcaM sArvajJIM praNidadamahe / / " -- (vAgbhaTa - kAvyAnuzAsana, pRSTha 2 ) arddhamAgadhI sarvabhASAoM ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAlI hone se sabakI bhASA thI, jo sarvajJa ke upadeza kI bhASA thii| jinasena AcArya ne bhI ise sarvabhASAtmaka kahA hai| 'arddhamAgadhI' aThAraha dezIbhASArUpa thI kevala mahAvIra tIrthaMkara kI nahIM, sabhI tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI thI "daza aSTa mahAbhASA sameta, laghubhASA sAta- zataka suceta / so syAdvAdamaya saptabhaMga, gaNadhara gU~the bAraha su aMga / / " isaprakAra bhagavAn mahAvIra ke upadeza ko lekara jo 'arddhamAgadhI' se vidvAn lekhaka ne digambaroM ke lie anarthakArI prabhAva batAyA hai, vaha siddha nahIM hotA / 'dhavalA' 1/284 meM likhA hai ki kevalI ke vacana isI bhASArUpa hI hai, aisA nirdeza nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| krama-viziSTa varNAtmaka aneka paMktiyoM ke samuccayarUpa aura sarvazrotAoM meM pravRtta honevAlI aisI kevalI kI dhvani sampUrNa bhASArUpa hotI hai - aisA mAna lene meM koI virodha nahIM AtA hai| 'bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA itihAsa' graMtha (DaoN0 hIrAlAla jI) pRSTha 51 meM mahAvIra svAmI se pUrva kA itihAsa batAte hue lekhaka ne likhA hai ki 'dravyazruta arthAt zabdAtmakatA kI dRSTi se mahAvIra se pUrvakAlIna koI jaina sAhitya upalabdha nahIM hai; kintu bhAvazruta kI apekSA jaina - zrutAMgoM ke bhItara kucha aisI racanAe~ mAnI gaI haiM, jo - 26 prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara 98

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mahAvIra se pUrva zramaNa-paramparA meM pracalita thI, isalie unheM 'pUrva' kahA gayA hai; kintu yaha pUrva-sAhitya surakSita nahIM raha skaa| ___digambara-paramparA ke anusAra gyAraha aMga kA jJAna naSTa ho gyaa| pUrva meM bahuta kama avaziSTa rahA, jo AcArya dharasena aura AcArya guNadhara dvArA pracAra-prasAra meM aayaa| vaha bhI vikrama-prathama zatAbdI ke kucha samaya pUrva se| vIra-nirvANa ke pazcAt dazama zatI meM zvetAmbaroM dvArA jo pATaliputrI, mAdhurI aura valabhI vAcanAoM dvArA aMgoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA, unakI bhASA ko 'arddhamAgadhI' nAma diyA gayA aura inase sadiyoM pUrva chakkhaMDAgama, kasAyapAhuDa se prAraMbha kara 'samayasAra', 'dhavalA' Adi kI jo digambara AcAryoM dvArA racanA huI, unakI bhASA ko 'zaurasenI' nAma diyA gyaa| AcArya pUjyapAda ne 'sarvArthasiddhi' (1, 20) meM likhA hai ki ArAtIya AcAryoM ne kAla doSa se saMkSipta Aya, mati aura balazAlI ziSyoM ke anugrahArtha 'dazavaikAlika' Adi graMthoM kI racanA kii| ye artha kI dRSTi se sUtra hI hai| yahA~ zabda-racanA ko chor3akara artha kI dRSTi batAI gaI hai| graMtha-racanA kA niyama yaha hai ki lekhaka jaba jisa deza meM rahatA hai, vahA~ kI pracalita bhASA kA vaha upayoga karatA hai; usake uccAraNa bhI usI prakAra ke hote haiN| zvetAmbara-aMgagraMthoM ke saMbaMdha meM DaoN0 hIrAlAla jI ne ukta apane graMtha ke pRSTha 71 para likhA hai ki "zvetAmbara Agama-graMthoM meM prAktana 'arddhamAgadhI' kA svarUpa nahIM miltaa| bhASA-zAstriyoM ke matAnusAra vargoM ke parivartana kI prakriyA, bhASA-saralIkaraNa, yugAnusAra pravRttiyoM ke prabhAva se tathA kAlAnusAra maukhika-paramparA ke kAraNa bhinnatA AtI rahatI hai| isa bhinnatA se bhASA kI bhinnatA hone para usa bhASA ke graMthoM kI zabda bhinnatA kA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| isI kAraNa prAkRta ke bhI mAgadhI, arddhamAgadhI, zaurasenI, mahArASTrIya, paizAcI Adi bheda ho gye| aura pIche prAkRta vyupatti meM AcArya hemacandra ke matAnusAra jisakI prakRti saMskRta se hai usase Agata prAkRta hai| yahA~ AcArya kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki isake vyAkaraNa-hetu saMskRtarUpoM ko Adarza mAnakara prAkRta-zabdoM kA anuzAsana kiyA gayA hai| saMskRta kI anukUlatA-hetu prakRti ko lekara prAkRta ke AdezoM kI siddhi kI gaI hai|" - 'kampareTiva grAmara', bhUmikA pR0 17 Adi para hAnale ne likhA hai ki zvetAmbara AgamoM kI 'arddhamAgadhI kA rUpagaThana 'mAgadhI' aura 'zaurasenI' se huA hai| prAkRtabhASA ke do varga haiN| eka varga meM 'zaurasenI' bolI hai aura dUsare meM 'mAgadhI prAkRta' bolI hai| inake madhya meM eka rekhA uttara meM khIMcane para khAlasI se vairATa, ilAhAbAda aura dakSiNa meM rAmagar3ha se jaugar3ha taka hai| isaprakAra zanaiH zanaiH hI donoM prAkRteM 'mAgadhI' aura 'zaurasenI' milakara tIsarI 'arddhamAgadhI' bana gii| yahI bAta griyarsana ne apanI pustaka prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0027

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'sevana grAmarsa oNpha dI DAilekTarsa' meM likhI hai| prAcIna bhArata meM 'zaurasenI' aura 'mAgadhI' do hI bhASAyeM thiiN| vartamAna meM zvetAmbara Agama-sAhitya meM jo graMtha 'arddhamAgadhI' ke upalabdha hai, vaha 'arddhamAgadhI tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI divyadhvani kI bhASA nahIM hai| isakA rUpa to cauthI- pA~cavI zatAbdI meM gaThita huA hai| divyadhvani kA bhASAtmakarUpa Arya-anArya Adi varga kI vibhinna bhASAoM dvArA grathita hotA hai| AcAryoM ne aThAraha mahAbhASAoM evaM sAta sau laghubhASAoM kA mizraNa isameM mAnA hai| bhASA kA yaha rUpa sabhI stara ke prANiyoM ko bodhya hai| -(tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya-paramparA; DaoN0 nemIcanda zAstrI, ArA, prathama bhAga, pR0 2401) ukta pramANoM se isa lekha se pAThakoM ko hone vAlI apanI ciMtA dUra kara denA caahiye| nAma kI samAnatA se vartamAna 'arddhamAgadhI' tIrthaMkaroM ke upadeza kI bhASA nahIM ho sktii| prabuddha pAThaka jAnate hI haiM ki paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ke zubhAzIrvAda se zaurasenI prAkRta kI prAcInatA, prAkRta meM usakI pramukhatA, vyAkaraNa kI racanA evaM naI dillI zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha meM mAnita vizvavidyAlaya meM usakI pAThya-pustakoM meM svIkRti aura svataMtrarUpa se vahA~ kArya prAraMbha yaha saba digambara jainAcAryoM kI racanAoM ke mahattva ko pratipAdita karatA hai| nau varSa se isa zodha saMsthAna, prAkRta bhavana dillI se 'prAkRtavidyA' nAmaka zodha patrikA bhI prakAzita ho rahI hai| vizeSa yaha hai ki mAgadhI, apabhraMza Adi prAkRta bhASAoM kI prakRti' zaurasenI hI hai| yaha saba AcArya hemacandra-kRta 'prAkRta vyAkaraNa' se jJAta hotA hai| 'bharata nATyazAstra' 17/34, pR0 273 meM zaurasenI ko sabhI zreSTha puruSoM ke dvArA kAvya Adi sAhityika racanA meM prayoga kiyA jAnA cAhiye, -yaha preraNA dI gaI hai| yaha saba AcAryazrI kI khoja kA pariNAma hai| divyadhvani divya-arthoM kI vanabakI hai 'divyadhvanirbhavati te vizadArthasarvabhASAsvabhAvapariNAmaguNaiprayojyAH' - (bhaktAmarastotra, 35) 'divyamahAdhvani nirasya mukhaabjaanmeth|' - (mahApurANa, 23/69) 'sayogakevalidivyadhvaneH kathaM satyAnubhayavAgyogatvamiticettanna tadutpattAvanakSarAtmakatvena zrotRzrotrapradeza-prAptisamayaparyaMtamanubhayabhASAtvasiddheH / ' - (gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, 1/227) artha:--ihA~ prazna upajai hai ki kevalIke divyadhvani hai, tAkai satyavacanapanAM vA anubhaya vacanapanA kaise siddhi ho hai? tAkA samAdhAna kevalikai divyadhvani ho hai, so hote hI tau anakSara ho hai; so sunane vAloM ke karNapradazekauM yAvat prApta na hoI tAvat kAlaparyaMta | anubhaya-bhASAtmaka anakSara hI hai| 0028 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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yApanIyaH eka vicAraNIya bindu -DaoN0 sudIpa jaina abhI DaoN0 sAgaramala jaina dvArA likhita evaM pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI dvArA prakAzita 'jainadharma kA yApanIya sampradAya' nAmaka pustaka hastagata huii| ___ dharmAnurAgI mitra DaoN0 anupama jaina, indaura (ma0pra0) ke dvArA preSita isa pustaka ke bAre meM vidvadvarya paM0 nAthUlAla jI zAstrI saMhitAsUri, indauravAloM ne apane patra meM jikra kiyA thaa| ata: mujhe jijJAsA to thI hI, pratIkSA bhI thii| Ate hI do bAra AdyopAnta bhalI-bhA~ti par3ha gyaa| adhyayana se spaSTa ho gayA ki vidvAn lekhaka ne sampUrNa kArya mAtra apane pUrvAgrahoM kI puSTi ke liye kiyA hai tathA tathyoM ko bharapUra tor3a-maror3akara AdheadhUre DhaMga se prastuta kiyA hai| unake lie aisI pravRtti naI nahIM hai| zvetAmbaratva ko mUla va prAcIna siddha karane ke lie ve anekoM aisI asaphala ceSTAyeM pahile bhI kara cuke haiN| saca kahA jAye, to unakI prasiddhi hI aise kAryoM ke lie rahI hai| __AdaraNIya lekhaka vidvAn evaM anya jijJAsu vidvAnoM ke vicArArtha maiM katipaya bindu prastuta karanA cAhatA huuN| prathama to yaha ki yApanIya saMgha kI utpatti jakkhila rAnI ke dvArA huii| isakA saMkSipta paricaya nimnAnusAra haiM___ lagabhaga 200 I0pU0 meM AcArya vizAkhanandi ke samaya meM saurASTra prAnta ke valabhIpura rAjya kI rAnI 'svAminI' kI putrI 'jakkhila' kA vivAha karahATapura ke rAjA ke sAtha huA thaa| cU~ki usakI mA~ 'svAminI' zvetAmbara matAnuyAyinI thI, ata: usakI putrI 'jakkhila' para bhI vahI saMskAra the| eka bAra rAnI jakkhila ko sUcanA milI ki kucha zvetAmbara guru karahATapura padhArane vAle haiM, to usane apane pati se unake svAgatArtha nagarasImA para calane kA anurodha kiyaa| apanI rAnI ke Agraha para rAjA karahATapura kI sImA para una guruoM ke svAgatArtha rAnI-sahita phuNcaa| vahA~ para usane vastra, kambala evaM daNDa liye zvetAmbara guruoM ko Ate dekhA, to usane kahA ki "priye ! jaina guru to tapasvI aura aparigrahI hote haiM; ye na to tapasvI dikhAI dete haiM, aura parigraha to spaSTa hI liye hue haiM; ata: inheM maiM apane rAjya meM aparigrahI jainaguru ke rUpa meM praviSTa hone kI anumati dene meM asamartha huuN|" - itanA kahakara rAjA rAjamahala meM vApasa calA gyaa| taba rAnI jakkhila ne una zvetAmbara guruoM se nirgrantha hone kA nivedana kiyaa| una zvetAmbara guruoM ne usa rAnI jakkhila kA anurodha svIkAra karake bAhya nirgranthapanA to aMgIkAra kara liyA, kintu aMtaraMga saMskAra unake zvetAmbaratva ke bane rhe| unhIM sAdhuoM ke saMgha ko 'jAvAliya' athavA 'yApanIya' saMjJA dI gyii| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 ra'98 0029

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uparyukta vivaraNa mahAkavi raidhUkRta 'bhadrabAhucarita' para AdhArita hai| anya anekoM vidvAnoM, itihAsavidoM evaM zodhakartAoM ne bhI nAnA tathyoM ke AdhAra para isa vivaraNa kI puSTi kI hai| cU~ki zvetAmbara sampradAya kA abhyudaya bhale hI aMtima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu svAmI ke samaya par3e bAraha varSa ke bhayaMkara durbhikSa ke kAraNa I0pU0 tRtIya-caturtha zatAbdI meM ho gayA thA; kintu unake zithilAcAra evaM sAhitya-vihInatA ke kAraNa pA~cavIM zatAbdI IsvI taka inheM koI mAnyatA nahIM mila skii| kisI bhI vicAradhArA yA paramparA ko mAnyatA tabhI milatI hai, jaba itaraloga bhI apane sAhitya meM pUrvapakSa Adi ke rUpa meM usakA ullekha kreN| kintu kisI bhI jainetara darzana ke kisI prasiddha vidvAn ne kisI prAmANika, pratiSThita grantha meM inakA evaM inakI vicAradhArA kA khaMDana yA maMDana kisI bhI rUpa meM koI ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| jabaki prAcInatama kAla se sabhI granthoM meM digambara jaina nirgrantha sampradAya kA ullekha hara kahIM milatA rahA hai| jainoM ke caubIsoM ke caubIsa tIrthaMkara isI digambara-paramparA ke the aisA spaSTa kathana bauddha dArzanika AcArya dharmakIrti ne 'nyAyabindu' nAmaka prakaraNa ke tRtIya pariccheda meM kiyA hai "RSabho vardhamAnazca tAvAdI yasya sa RSabhavarddhamAnAdidigambarANAM zAstA sarvajJa: Aptazceti" - (pRSTha 138) isIprakAra vaidika saMskRti ke granthoM meM bhI jainoM ke nAma para digambaratva kA hI ullekha milatA hai--"yathAjAtarUpadharo nirgranthA: nissprigrhaa:|" - (taittirIya upaniSad, 10/16) "yathAjAtarUpadharo nirgrnthH|" - (jAbAlopaniSad, pRSTha 130) jainasAdhuoM ke lie jo zramaNa, kSapaNaka, muNDI evaM nirgrantha Adi zabdoM kA prayoga milatA hai; ve sabhI digambaratva ke paryAya mAne gaye haiN| dekheM "digambara: syAtkSapaNe ngne|" -midinIkoza, 267) "nagnAro divAsA kSapaNa: zramaNazca jIviko jaina: / " - (halAyudhakoz pRSTha 120) "muNDI nagno mayUrANAM picchadharo dvijH|" - (skandhapurANa, 59/36) "yogI digambaro muNDo barhipicchadharo dvijH|" - (vaidika padmapurANa, 13/33) "tato digambaro muNDo barhipicchadharo dvijH|" - (viSNupurANa, 3/18) "apare vedabAhyA: digmbraaH|" - (brahmasUtra, vijJAnAmRtabhASya, 2/2/33) "jalilo muNDI luNcitkesh:|" - (zaMkarAcArya) "yathA loke 'iha muNDo bhava -iha nagno bhava' iti|" - (pAtaMjala mahAbhASya, 1/1/ 2, khaMDa 1, pR0 93) "nAgavIM lucita munndde|" - (saMta jJAnezvara, jJAnezvarI 13/21) "nirAvaNa iti digmbr|" - (nyAyakusumAMjali, 1/1) 0030 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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itanA hI nahIM, Adhunika vicAraka bhI isa tathya ko bhalI bhA~ti svIkAra karate haiN| mAnanIya lokamAnya bAlagaMgAdhara tilaka likhate haiM "vastra-prAvaraNa Adi aihika sukhoM kA tyAga aura ahiMsA-prabhRti dharmoM kA pAlana bauddha bhikSuoM kI apekSA jaina yati adhika dRr3hatA se kiyA karate the evaM aba bhI karate rahate haiN|....... hiMdustAna meM tatkAlIna pracalita dharmoM meM jaina tathA upaniSaddharma pUrNatayA nivRttipradhAna hI the|" - (gItApravacana, pR0 578-82) _ vidvadvareNya DaoN0 maMgaladeva zAstrI (pUrvakulapati, saMpUrNAnaMda saMskRta vi0vi0, vArANasI) ne bhI spaSTa likhA hai:___ "vaidika sAhitya kI apekSA yaha zabda (zramaNa) jaina-paramparA meM bahuta pracalita rahA hai aura vahA~ isakA prayoga jaina muniyoM ke lie rUr3ha hai| isakA artha prAya: digaMbara hI kiyA jAtA hai|" - ('navanIta' mAsika, jUna 1974, pRSTha 69) ___aba cU~ki kisI bhI vidvAn ne inake (zvetAmbara jainoM) astitva ko taka bhI svIkAra nahIM kiyA, to ye apane gIta svayaM gAte baiThe haiM tathA tathyoM ko vikRtakara apanI mahattA siddha karane kI ceSTA kara rahe haiN| yadyapi hameM apane pakSa ko kucha bhI pramANita karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai; kyoMki ugA huA sUrya pramANAntara kI apekSA nahIM rkhtaa| phira bhI katipaya divAdveSI asUryampazyA-janoM ko, jinhoMne sUrya se mu~ha mor3akara A~kheM jora se banda kara rakhI haiM tathA anargala pralApa karate phira rahe haiM; unheM thor3A-sA dizAbodha apekSita hone se sAMketika kathana kiyA hai| DaoN0 sAgaramala jI yadyapi medhAvAna haiM, parantu usakA ve niSpakSabhAva se yathArtha kI svIkRti meM upayoga nahIM karate haiN| pakSavizeSa ke pUrvAgrahoM ko mithyA hote huye bhI yena-kena-prakAreNa satya siddha karane kA abhiyAna unhoMne cher3a rakhA hai| aba sote huye bhI jagAnA to AsAna hai, kiMtu jAgate huye bhI jo sone kA abhinaya kara rahA ho, use kauna jagA sakatA hai? ___ hamAre pAsa pratyeka bAta ke pUre pramANa haiN| yadi DaoN0 sAgaramala jI cAheM, to dillI meM eka saMgoSThI rakha leN| maiM usameM pratyeka tathya ko prastuta karane evaM pramANita karane ko taiyAra hU~, bazarte ve bhI mUlapramANoM ko lekara tathyAtmaka bAta kareM tathA niSpakSa prAmANika vidvAnoM ke bIca carcA ho| ____ mAtra pustaka chapAne se kucha nahIM hotA, tathyoM kA pramANIkaraNa hI mahattvapUrNa hai| unake prati niSThA hI nirNAyaka hogii| pustakeM to paisoM se chapa jAtI haiN| bhAnumatI ke piTAre kI taraha yadvA-tadvA bAtoM kA puliMdA chapAne kI jagaha prAmANika tathyoM ke yathAvat prastutIkaraNa kI hI 'pustaka' saMjJA hotI hai| isa pustaka meM har3appA evaM moana-jo-dar3o ke tathA mathurA ke kaMkAlI TIlA, samrAT khAravela ke zilAlekha Adi ke purAtAttvika evaM prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0031

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sAMskRtika sAkSyoM kI jo pUrNata: upekSA kI gayI hai; usase spaSTa hai ki DaoN0 sAgaramala jI kI dRSTi kitanI sImita hai| kyoMki ina sAkSyoM meM digambara jaina saMskRti ke hI pramANa haiN| sAtha hI vaidikoM, bauddhoM Adi ke sAhitya meM upapalabdha tathyoM kI carcA na karanA bhI siddha karatA hai ki inheM bhaya thA ki yadi ve inheM prastuta kareMge, to zvetAmbaratva kA nAma-nizAna bhI siddha nahIM kara pAyeMge, prAmANikatA to bahuta dUra kI bAta hai| jo kucha sUcanAtmaka pramANa isa pustaka meM haiM, ve sabhI inase pahile kaI vidvAn niSpakSarIti se prastuta kara cuke the| DaoN0 sAgaramala jI ko zreya to isameM mAtra itanA hI hai ki unhoMne unakI tor3a maror3akara pUrvAgrahI rIti se AdhI-adhUrI, prastuti kI hai| isase mAtra bhrama hI ho sakatA thA, jo vidvAn evaM jijJAsu isa spaSTIkaraNa ke bAda dUra kara leNge| ** yUnAna evaM anya dezoM meM digambara muni __ yUnAnI itihAsa se patA calatA hai ki IsA se kama se kama cAra sau varSa pUrva ye digambara bhAratIya tattvavettA pazcimI eziyA meM pahuMca cuke the| popa ke pustakAlaya ke eka lAtInI Alekha se, jisakA hAla meM anuvAda huA haiM, patA calatA hai ki IsA kI janma kI zatAbdI taka ina digambara bhAratIya dArzanikoM kI bahuta bar3I saMkhyA ithiyopiyA (aphrIkA) ke vanoM meM rahatI thI aura aneka yUnAnI vidvAna vahIM jAkara unake darzana karate the aura unase zikSA lete the| __ yUnAna ke darzana aura adhyAtma para ina digambara mahAtmAoM kA itanA gaharA prabhAva par3A ki cauthI sadI I. pU. meM prasiddha yUnAnI vidvAna piro ne bhArata Akara unake graMthoM aura | siddhAMto kA yAnI bhAratIya adhyAtma aura bhAratIya darzana kA vizeSa adhyayana kiyA aura phira yUnAna lauTakara elisa nagara meM eka naI yUnAnI darzana paddhati kI sthApanA kii| isa naI paddhati kA mukhya siddhAMta thA ki iMdriyoM dvArA vAstavika jJAna kI prApti asaMbhava hai, vAstavika jJAna kI prApti kevala aMta:karaNa kI zuddhi dvArA hI saMbhava hai aura usake lie manuSya ko sarala se sarala jIvana vyatIta karake AtmasaMyama aura yoga dvArA apane aMtara meM dhaMsanA caahie| bhArata se lauTane ke bAda piro digambara rahatA thaa| usakA jIvana itanA sarala aura saMyamI thA ki yUnAna ke loga use bar3I bhakti kI dRSTi se dekhate the| vaha yogAbhyAsa karatA thA aura nirvikalpa samAdhi meM vizvAsa rakhatA thaa| -(bhArata aura mAnava saMskRti, khaNDa-II, pR.-128 le. bizambharanAtha pAMDe) __ prakAzaka sUcanA evaM prasAraNa maMtrAlaya, bhArata sarakAra, naI dillI pustaka-ratna pustaka kA mUlya ratnoM se bhI adhika hai, kyoMki ratna bAharI camaka-damaka dikhAte haiM, jabaki pustakeM anta:karaNa ko ujjvala karatI haiN| -mahAtmA gA~dhI ** 0032 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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samrAT khAravela kI adhyAtmadRSTi -zrImatI raMjanA jaina ihaloka aura paraloka donoM ko jo sudhAra sake tathA laukika evaM AdhyAtmika--donoM dRSTiyoM se jinakA jIvana anupama Adarza rahA ho--aise mahAn puNyazAlI vyaktitva bhAratIya itihAsa meM atyanta virale hI huye haiN| aise mahApuruSoM meM anyatama the IsApUrva dvitIya zatAbdI meM bhAratabhUmi kI yazogAthA ko svarNAkSaroM meM aMkita karAne vAle digvijayI samrAT khaarvel| yadyapi bhAratIya itihAsa kI zrRMkhalA meM unakA koI vizeSa ullekha nahIM hai tathA unakI pUrvavartI evaM paravartI vaMza-paramparA kA bhI koI vivaraNa paryApta parizrama ke bAda bhI Aja upalabdha nahIM hai; tathApi samrAT khAravela ke garimAmayI vyaktitva evaM yaza:kAya kRtitva kI gauravagAthA kA tithikrama se byaurevAra varNana Aja hameM upalabdha hai| isakA ekamAtra AdhAra hai unakA 'kumArI parvata' ('udayagiri'-ur3IsA kI rAjadhAnI bhuvanezvara ke nikaTastha) para sthita hAthIgumphA' meM vidyamAna vizva kA vizAlatama zilAlekha, jisameM inake sampUrNa jIvana kA vRttAnta sUtrAtmaka zailI meM bhAratIya itihAsa ke isa kAlakhaMDa ko saMjIvanI pradAna kara rahA hai| - isameM unhoMne apanI akhaMDa-aparAbhUta digvijaya, apAra yazopArjana, rASTrahita evaM prajAhita ke kAryoM kA jo vivaraNa prastuta kiyA hai; usake bAre meM vidvAnoM evaM anusandhAtAoM ne kAphI kucha likhA hai| usase janasAmAnya bahuta sImA taka inake bAre meM paricita ho sake haiN| yadyapi unakI AdhyAtmika dRSTi bhI isa kAlajayI zilAlekha meM bahuta spaSTata: utkIrNita hai, phira bhI vidvAnoM ne isa viSaya meM koI ullekha taka nahIM kiyA hai| ata: isa saMkSipta Alekha meM mAtra isI bindu para katipaya tathya prastuta kara rahI huuN| ___samrAT khAravela ne magadha-vijaya ke krama meM vahA~ ke rAjA 'vasahatimitta' (vRhaspatimitra) ko apane parAkrama se caraNa-vinata kiyA evaM paramapUjya Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI prAcIna pratimA (kaliMga jina) ko sAdara vApasa lAyA tathA bhavya jinAlaya meM ratnajaTita garbhagRha vidikA) meM use virAjamAna kraayaa| taba isa upalakSa meM usane 'kalpadruma' kA mahAn vidhAna (mahApUjA) kiyA tathA prajAjanoM ko 'kimicchika dAna' diyaa| sAdhuoM (digambara jaina zramaNoM) ke lie guphAyeM evaM vasatikAyeM bhI banavAyIM, jinameM rahakara ve apanI tapa:sAdhanA kara skeN| ___ kahA jAtA hai ki pratyeka saphala puruSa ke pIche kisI na kisI nArI kA yogadAna avazya hotA hai| samrAT khAravela bhI isa siddhAnta kA apavAda nahIM thaa| unakI sahadharmiNI rAnI siMdhulA kI preraNA evaM parAmarzoM se usake jIvana meM kaI navIna ghaTanAkrama ghaTita huye| jahA~ usane usakI digvijaya meM pade-pade sAtha diyA tathA khAravela ko 'mahAmeghavAhana prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 00 33

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khAravelazrI' ke rUpa meM sthApita karAyA, vahIM use adhyAtmadRSTi bhI pradAna kI / isa tathya ke poSaka katipaya vicArabindu yahA~ prastuta haiM / prathama to jaba samrAT khAravela kaliMga jina kI pratiSThA evaM kalpadruma mahApUjA-utsava ko dhUmadhAma se sampanna kara gauravAnvita thA, to ukta rAnI siMdhulA ne use kahA ki "jinapratimA to pratiSThita karA lI tathA usakA pUjA - mahotsava bhI zAnadAna DhaMga se kara liyA; kintu jo jinavANI Aja luptaprAya: hai, zruta-paramparA vicchinna hotI jA rahI hai; - isake bAre meM bhI kucha socA hai? " taba khAravelazrI ne pUchA ki "tumhIM batAo, kyA kiyA jAye?" taba rAnI siMdhulA ne kahA ki "vartamAna meM jitane bhI zramaNasaMgha evaM munigaNa haiM, una sabakA eka mahAsammelana bulavAyA jAye / tathA eka vizAla vAcanA ke mAdhyama se vismRti ke dvArA vicchinna hotI zruta - sampadA kI rakSA kI jaaye|" apanI viduSI rAnI kI bAta mAnakara samrAT khAravela ne lAkhoM svarNamudrAyeM kharca karake eka vizAla 'saMgItimaNDapa' kA nirmANa karAyA, jisake lie deza ke kone-kone se prastarazilAyeM stambhoM ke nirmANArtha maMgavAyIM gayIM thii| samasta saMghoM meM nimaMtraNa evaM anurodha patra isa saMgIti meM padhArane ke nimitta bheje gaye / ucca zreNI ke adhikArI evaM maMtrIgaNa svayaM ina patroM ko lekara zramaNasaMghoM meM gaye aura isaprakAra eka bhavya saMgIti kA Ayojana huA, jisameM samrAT candragupta maurya ke kAla (aMtima zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu ke kAla) ke bAda vicchinna huye dvAdazAMgI zruta ke avaziSTa aMza ko cAra anuyogoM (prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga evaM dravyAnuyoga) ke rUpa meM vyavasthita kiyA gyaa| isa bAta ko samrAT khAravela ke hAthIgumphA abhilekha meM isa paMkti ke dvArA darzAyA gayA hai-- "muriyakAlavocchinnaM ca coyaThi -aMgasaMtikaM turiMya upAdayati / " - isa paMkti meM 'muriyakAlavocchinnaM' pada se 'mauryakAla bAda' arthAt 'zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu svAmI ke bAda', 'coyaThi' para se cAra + ATha = bAraha aMga yAni dvAdazAMgI jinavANI tathA 'turiyaM' pada se 'cAra' yAni 'cAra anuyoga' * yaha artha vidvAnoM ne nikAlA hai| tathA jaba samrAT khAravela ne svayaM sAkSAt upasthita rahakara mahInoM taka usa 'zramaNasaMgIti' meM jaina tattvajJAna kA zravaNa-manana-ciMtana evaM UhApoha kiyA hogA, to nizcaya hI usake hRdaya meM saMsAra se virakti evaM AtmasAdhanA ke prati mahimA kA bhAva jAgRta huA hogaa| taba usane nityapUjA-pATha, upavAsa Adi kI jaina zrAvakacaryA ko apane jIvana ke aMga ke rUpa aMgIkAra kiyA tathA tattvajJAna kA sUkSma ciMtana karate huye zarIra aura Atma kA bhedavijJAna karake nirmalAtmAnubhUti prApta kI / -- yaha tathya hAthIgumphA abhilekha kI nimnalikhita paMkti se suspaSTa hai:" pUjAnurata- uvAsa~ga - khAravelasirinA jIva - deha - sirikA parikhitA / " vastutaH jinavANI ke svAdhyAya kA yahI suphala hai| svAmI kArtikeya ne bhI isa bAre 00 34 prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara 198

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meM spaSTa likhA hai"je jiNavayaNe kusalA, bhedaM jANaMti jIva-dehANaM / " -(kattigeyANuvekkhA, gA0 194) isake TIkAkAra ise spaSTa karate hue likhate haiM "dvAdazAMgarUpa siddhAnte kuzalA dakSA nipuNA: jinAjJApratipAlakA vA jIvadehayo-rAtmazarIrayorbhedaM jAnanti, jIva zarIraM bhinnaM pRthamUpamiti jAnanti vidanti / " artha:-jo bhavyajIva dvAdazAMgI jinavANI meM nihita tattvajJAna meM kuzala-dakSa-nipuNa hokara jinendra paramAtmA kI AjJA ke pratipAlaka hote haiM (unakI AjJA pAlate haiM), ve jIva aura deha kA arthAt AtmA aura zarIra kA bheda jAna lete haiN| jIva aura zarIra ko bhinna-pRthag rUpa jAnate va anubhava karate haiN| ye tathya isa mahattvapUrNa tathya kI ora saMketa karate haiM ki samrAT khAravela ne jinavANI ke nirantara zravaNa-manana-ciMtana se apanI mAnasikatA meM ghora antara pAyA tathA usane saMsAra, zarIra evaM bhogoM se vimukha hokara deha aura AtmA ke bhedavijJAna ko samajhakara zarIra se bhinna nirmala Atmatattva kI ora upayoga ko ekAgra kara nirmalAtmAnubhUti prApta kara lii| yaha samrAT khAravela ke jIvana kA mahAn AdhyAtmika pakSa hai, jise saMbhavata: vicArakoM ne apanI vicArasaraNi meM sthAna nahIM diyaa| AzA hai ve isa vicArabindu para vyApaka ciMtanapUrvaka aura adhika gaMbhIra evaM mahanIya niSkarSoM kA pratipAdana kreNge| * tIrthaMkaroM ke zarIra ke varNa NamidUNa jiNavariMde, tihuyaNa vara NANa-dasaNa-padIve / kaMcaNa-piyaMgu-vidruma ghaNa kuNd-munnaal-vnnnnaannN|| - (AcArya kundakunda, mUlAcAra 8-1) artha:-isa gAthA meM caturviMzati tIrthaMkaroM ke zarIra ke varNa batAte hue unheM namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| -maiM jinendradevoM ko namaskAra karatA hU~, jo apane anantajJAna aura anantadarzana ke dvArA tInoM lokoM ko prakAzita karane ke liye dIpaka ke samAna haiN| tathA jo kaMcana (tapta svarNa), priyaMgu aura vidruma (lAla varNa), kunda (zveta), mRNAla harita varNa aura dhana (nIlavarNa) varNa vAle haiN| vizeSArtha:-candraprabha aura puSpadanta kundapuSpa, candra, barpha evaM hIrA-muktAhAra ke samAna zvetavarNavAle haiN| supArzvanAtha aura pArzvanAtha maMjarI, meMhadI ke pattoM athavA binA pake dhAnya ke paudhoM ke samAna haritavarNavAle haiM, munisuvratanAtha evaM neminAtha nIlAMjana giri ke samAna athavA mayUrakaMTha ke samAna nIlavarNavAle haiM, padmaprabha aura vAsupUjya priyaMgu athavA palAza ke puSpa ke samAna lAlavarNavAle haiN| zeSa 16 tIrthaMkara tapAye hue svarNa ke samAna sunaharI varNavAle haiN| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0035

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dharasena kI eka kRti : joNipAhuDa -AcArya nagarAja, DI.liTa. AcArya nagarAja vartamAna meM zvetAmbara jaina-paramparA ke eka sUkSmaciMtanavAle manISI haiM, jo pUrvAgraha se rahita hokara niSpakSa bhAva se tathyoM kA anuzIlana kara unakI yathArtha prastuti karate haiN| ve bhASAzAstra ke bhI adhyetA vidvAn haiM tathA gahana adhyayana unakI jIvanazailI hai| unhoMne varSoM pUrva 'Agama aura tripiTaka: eka adhyayana' nAmaka pustaka meM digambara jaina AgamoM ke bAre meM jo likhA thA, use yahA~ avikalarUpa se prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| bhale hI isake katipaya vicAra-binduoM se hamArI sahamati nahIM hai, phira bhI adhisaMkhya bhAga kI upAdeyatA kI dRSTi se hamane ise yahA~ jyoM kA tyoM niSpakSabhAva se prastuta karanA ucita smjhaa| isI meM AcArya nagarAja jI ke vaiduSya kA sammAna thaa| -sampAdaka prAkRta meM maMtra-taMtrazAstra kA joNipAhuDa' nAmaka eka prAcIna grantha hai| AcArya dharasena usake racayitA mAnate jAte haiN| AcArya dharasena dvArA maMtra-vidyA-sambandhI grantha likhe jAne kI saMbhAvanA asthAnIya nahIM mAnI jA sktii| vidyAdhyayana ke uddezya se puSpadanta aura bhUtabali kA AcArya dharasena ke sAnnidhya meM Ane kA jo prasaMga AyA hai, yahA~ yaha ullekha huA hI hai ki AcArya dharasena ne sabhAgata muniyoM kI adhyayana-kSamatA jA~cane ke lie unheM do maMtra-vidyAyeM sAdhane ko dii| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki dharasena maMtra-taMtra-vijJAna ke niSNAta the tathA unakA usa ora jhukAva bhI thaa| yahI kAraNa hai, unhoMne vidyArthI zramaNoM ke parIkSaNa kA mAdhyama maMtra-vidyA ko bnaayaa| _ 'joNipAhuDa' ATha sau zloka-pramANa prAkRta-gAthAoM meM hai| ullekha hai ki ise kUSmANDinI mahAdevI se upalabdha kara AcArya dharasena ne apane antevAsI puSpadanta aura bhUtabali ke lie likhaa| joNipAhuDa ke sambandha meM dhavalA meM bhI carcA hai| vahA~ use maMtra-taMtra zaktiyoM tathA pudgalAnubhAga kA vivecaka grantha' batAyA hai| vRhaTTippaNikA meM ullekha:-eka zvetAmbara jaina muni ne vikramAzabda 1556 meM vRhaTTippaNikA ke nAma se zvetAmbara evaM digambara-yathAsambhava sabhI jaina vidvAnoM ke granthoM kI sUcI taiyAra kii| usameM unhoMne apane samaya taka ke sabhI lekhakoM kI saba viSayoM kI kRtiyoM ko samAviSTa karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| joNipAhuDa kI bhI vahA~ carcA hai| vRhaTTippaNikAkAra ne use AcArya dharasena dvArA racita batAyA hai tathA usakA racanA-kAla vIra-nirvANa saM0 600 sUcita kiyA hai| vRhaTTippaNikA kI prAmANikatA meM sandeha kI kama guMjAiza hai| phira eka zvetAmbara muni dvArA eka digambara muni ke grantha ke sambandha meM kiyA gayA sUcana apane Apa meM vizeSa mahattva rakhatA hai| 'nandisaMgha' kI prAkRta-paTTAvalI, jisa para pichale pRSThoM meM vistAra se carcA kI gaI 0036 prAkRtavidyA+ aktUbara-disambara'98

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hai, ke anusAra mAghanandi kA kAla vIra-nirvANa saM0 614 meM samApta hotA hai, tatpazcAt dharasena kA kAla prArambha hotA hai| vRhaTTippaNikA aura prAkRta-paTTAvalI ke kAla-sUcana ke sandarbha se aisA prakaTa hotA hai ki dharasena ne AcArya-padArohaNa se caudaha varSa pUrva isa grantha kI racanA kI ho| isa koTi ke jaTila grantha kI racanA karane ke prasaMga taka ve avasthA meM praur3ha nahIM, to yuvA avazya rahe hoNge| bhANDArakara orieNTala risarca insTITyUTa, pUnA (mahArASTra) ke grantha-bhaNDAra meM joNipAhuDa kI eka hastalikhita prati hai, jisakA lekhana-kAla vi0saM0 1582 hai| joNipAhuDa : maMtra-vidhA kI eka vilakSaNa kRti:--yaha grantha maMtra-vidyA, taMtra-vijJAna Adi ke vizleSaNa--vivecana kI dRSTi se bar3A mahattvapUrNa samajhA jAtA hai| digambara tathA zvetAmbara-donoM jaina-sampradAyoM meM yaha samAdRta rahA hai| DaoN0 jagadIzacandra jaina ne isake sambandha meM jo sUcaka tathya upasthita kiye haiM, unheM yahA~ uddhRta kiyA jA rahA hai| nizItha cUrNi' (4, pR0 375 sAiklosTAila prati) ke kathanAnusAra AcArya siddhasena ne joNipAhuDa' ke AdhAra se azva banAye the, isake bala se mahiSoM ko acetana kiyA jA sakatA thA aura isase dhana paidA kara sakate the| prabhAvaka carita (5, 115127) meM isa grantha ke bala se machalI aura siMha utpanna karane kA tathA vizeSAvazyaka 'bhASya' (gAthA 1775) kI hemacandrakRta TIkA meM aneka vijAtIya dravyoM ke saMyoga se sarpa, siMha Adi prANI aura maNi, suvarNa Adi acetana padArthoM ke paidA karane kA ullekha milatA hai| kuvalayamAlAkAra ke kathanAnusAra 'joNipAhuDa' meM kahI huI bAta kabhI asatya nahIM hotii| jinezvarasUri ne apane 'kathAkoSaprakaraNa' meM bhI isa zAstra kA ullekha kiyA hai| isa grantha meM 800 gAthAeM haiN| kulamaNDana sUri dvArA vikrama saMvat 1473 (IsavI san 1416) meM racita 'vicArAmRta saMgraha' (pRSTha 9 A) meM yoniprAbhRta' ko pUrva zruta se calA AtA huA svIkAra kiyA hai:"aggeNipuvvaNiggayapAhuDasatthassa majjhayAraMmi, kiMci uddesadesaM dharaseNo vajjiyaM bhaNai / giri ujjitaThieNa pacchimadese suTThagiriNayare, buDDataM uddhariyaM duusmkaalppyaami||" prathama khaNDe-"aTThAvIsa sahassA gAhANaM jattha vanniyA satthe / aggeNipubbamajjhe saMkhevaM vitthare muttuM / caturthakhaNDaprAnte yonipraabhRte|" isa kathana se jJAta hotA hai ki 'agrAyaNI pUrva' kA kucha aMza lekara dharasena ne isa grantha kA uddhAra kiyA hai tathA isameM pahale 28 hajAra gAthAeM thIM, unhIM ko saMkSipta karake yoni-prAbhRta' meM kahA hai| niSkarSa:-uparyukta samagra vivecana ke pariprekSya meM dharasena ke samaya ke sambandha meM hamAre samakSa do prakAra kI sthitiyA~ haiN| tiloyapaNNatti, harivaMzapurANa, dhavalA, jayadhavalA, zrutAvatAra Adi ke anusAra dekhA jAye, to vIra nirvANa 681 ke pazcAt prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0037

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inakA samaya siddha hotA hai aura yadi nandisaMgha kI prAkRta-paTTAvalI va joNipAhuDa Adi ke AdhAra para cintana kareM, to yaha vIra-nirvANa saM0 600 se kucha pUrva siddha hotA hai| arthAt IsA kI prathama zatI meM ve hue, aisA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| tiloyapaNNati Adi ke anusAra unakA samaya lagabhaga eka zatI ke bAda hotA hai| jaisA bhI ho, ve IsA kI dvitIya zatI se avazya pUrvavartI rahe haiN| puSpadanta tathA bhUtabali kI samaya-sImA bAMdhane kA AdhAra bhI prAya: yahI hai| 'dhavalA' aura 'jayadhavalA' SaTkhaNDAgama ke yathArtha mahattva se loka-mAnasa ko avagata karAne kA mukhya zreya AcArya vIrasena ko hai, jinhoMne usa para 'dhavalA' saMjJaka atyanta mahatvapUrNa TIkA kI racanA kii| dhavalA ke vizAla kalevara ke sambandha meM saMketa kiyA hI gayA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama jaise mahAn saiddhAntika grantha para akelA vyakti gambhIra vizleSaNa tathA vivecanapUrvaka 72 sahasra zloka-pramANa vyAkhyA prastuta kare, ni:saMdeha yaha bahuta bar3A Azcarya hai| AcArya vIrasena kA kRtitva aura udbhAsita ho jAtA hai tathA sahasA mana para chA jAtA hai, jaba sAtha-hI-sAtha yahA~ dekhate haiM ki unhoMne jayadhavalA kA bIsa-sahasra-zloka-pramANa aMza bhI likhaa| utanA hI kara pAye the ki unakA bhautika kalevara nahIM rhaa| isaprakAra AcArya vIrasena ne apane jIvana meM 92 sahasra-zloka-pramoNa racanA kii| aisA pratIta hotA hai, gambhIra zAstrAdhyayana ke anantara unhoMne apanA samagra jIvana sAhitya-sRjana ke isa punIta lakSya meM lagA diyaa| tabhI to isa isaprakAra kA virATa kArya sadha skaa| vizAlakAya mahAkAvya ke rUpa meM 'mahAbhArata' vizva-vAGmaya meM sarvAdhika pratiSThApanna hai, kyoMki usakA kalevara eka lAkha-zloka-parimita mAnA jAtA hai| para, vaha akele vyAsadeva kI racanA nahIM hai| na jAne kitane kaviyoM aura vidvAnoM kI lekhinI kA yogadAna use milA hai| para, 'dhavalA' jo kalevara meM mahAbhArata se kucha hI kama hai, eka hI mahAn lekhaka kI kati hai| yaha usakI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai| jJAnopAsanA ke divya yajJa meM apane Apa ko homa dene vAle AcArya vIrasena jaise manISI granthakAra jagata meM virale hI hue haiN| ___ mahAn vidvAn : prakhara pratibhAnvita:--AcArya vIrasena kA vaiduSpa vilakSaNa thaa| unakI smaraNa-zakti evaM pratibhA adbhuta thii| unakA vidyAdhyayana aparisIma thaa| sva-zAstra evaM para-zAstra--donoM ke rahasya unheM svAyatta the| vyAkaraNa, nyAya, chanda, jyotiSa prabhRti aneka viSayoM meM unakI gati apratihata thii| A0 jinasena ke zabdoM meM ve samagra vizva ke pAradazvA the, mAnoM sAkSAt kevalI hoN| unakI sarvArthagAminI svAbhAvika prajJA ko dekha vidvAnoM ko sarvajJa ke astitva meM zaMkA nahIM rhii|' unakI camakatI huI jJAnamayI 0038 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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kiraNoM kA prasAra dekhakara prAjJajana unheM 'zruta-kevalI' tathA utkRSTa 'prajJA-zramaNa" kahate the| ___tattva-darzana ke mahAn samudra meM avagAhana karane se unakI buddhi parizuddha thI, tabhI mAnoM mahAn medhAzIla pratyekabuddhoM se ve spardhA karane lage hoN| ___jinasena ne unake zAstrAnuzIlana ke sambandha meM eka bar3e mahattva kI bAta kahI hai| usake anusAra AcArya vIrasena ne cirantana-kAlIna pustakoM kA gaurava bar3hAyA arthAt pustakArUr3ha prAcIna vAGmaya kA unhoMne gambhIra anuzIlana kiyA, use agrasara kiyaa| isase yaha gamya hai ki AcArya vIrasena ke samaya taka jo bhI ucca koTi ke grantha prApta the, unhoMne una saba kA sAMgopAMga evaM vyApaka adhyayana kiyaa| tabhI to yaha sambhava ho sakA ki ve apanI dhavalA TIkA ko aneka zAstroM ke niSkarSa tathA navanIta se Aparita kara ske| jinasena ne AdipurANa kI utthAnikA' meM apane zraddhAspada guru ko paramotkRSTavAdI, pavitrAtmA, lokavijJa, kavitva-zakti-sampanna tathA vRhaspati ke tulya 'vAgmI' kahA hai|' unakI 'dhavalA' TIkA ke viSaya meM jinasena ne bar3e bhAvapUrNa zabdoM meM ullekha kiyA hai ki "unakI 'dhavalA' bhAratI tathA unakI pavitra va ujjvala kIrti ne akhaNDa bhU-maNDala ko dhavala-ujjvala banA diyaa| arthAt ve donoM loka-vyApta ho gii|" ___ dhavalA kI racanA:-indranandi ke 'zrutAvatAra' meM AcArya vIrasena tathA unakI dhavalA TIkA kI carcA kI hai| TIkA kI racanA ke sandarbha meM unhoMne batAyA hai ki vIrasena ne elAcArya ke pAsa saiddhAntika jJAna arjita kiyaa| guru ke Adeza se ve vATagrAma aaye| ANatendra dvArA nirmApita jina-mandira meM ruke| vahA~ bappadeva-guru-racita vyAkhyAprajJapti--SaTkhaNDAgama kI eka purAnI TIkA milii| vahIM unhoMne dhavalA kI racanA samApta kii| ___ usI prasaMga meM indranandi ne vIrasena-racita dhavalA tathA aMzata: jayadhavalA ke zloka-pramANa kI bhI carcA kI hai| yaha bhI batAyA hai ki dhavalA prAkRta-saMskRta-mizra TIkA hai| isI sandarbha meM jinasena dvArA jayadhavalA kI pUrti tathA usake samagra SaSTi-sahasrazloka-pramANa kI bhI carcA kI hai| nAma : anvarthakatA:-AcArya vIrasena ne TIkA kA abhidhAna 'dhavalA' kyoM rakhA, isa sambandha meM spaSTatayA koI vivaraNa prApta nahIM hai| dhavalA zabda saMskRta bhASA kA hai, jisakA artha zveta, sundara, svaccha, vizuddha, vizada Adi hai| mAsa ke zukla pakSa' ko bhI 'dhavala' kahA jAtA hai| sambhava hai, apanI TIkA kI artha-vizleSaNa kI dRSTi se vizadatA, bhAva-gAmbhIrya kI dRSTi se svacchatA, pada-vinyAsa kI dRSTi se sundaratA, prabhAvakatA kI dRSTi se ujjvalatA, zailI kI dRSTi se prasannatA-prasAdopannatA Adi vizeSatAoM kA eka __prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0039

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hI zabda meM AkhyAna karane ke lie TIkAkAra ko 'dhavalA' nAma khUba saMgata lagA ho| Age calakara yaha nAma priya evaM hRdya itanA huA ki SaTkhaNDAgama - vAGmaya 'dhavalA - siddhAnta' ke nAma se vizruta ho gayA / dhavalA kI samApti - sUcaka prazasti meM ullekha huA hai ki yaha TIkA kArtika mAsa ke 'dhavala' yA 'zukla pakSa' kI trayodazI ke dina sampUrNa huI thii| ho sakatA hai, mAsa ke dhavala pakSa meM parisamApta hone ke kAraNa racayitA ke mana meM ise dhavalA nAma denA ja~cA ho eka aura sambhAvanA kI jA sakatI hai, isa TIkA kA samApana mAnyakheTAdhIzvara, rASTrakUTavaMzIya nareza amoghavarSa prathama meM rAjyakAla meM huA thaa| rAjA amoghavarSa ujjvala caritra, sAttvika bhAvanA, dhArmika vRtti Adi aneka uttamottama guNoM se vibhUSita thaa| usakI guNasUcaka upAdhiyoM yA vizeSaNoM meM eka 'atizaya dhavala' vizeSaNa bhI prApta hotA hai| prAmANikarUpa meM nahIM kahA jA sakatA, isa vizeSaNa kA pracalana kA mukhya hetu kyA thA? ho sakatA hai rAjA amoghavarSa ke ina ujjvala, dhavala, nirmala guNoM ke kAraNa yaha vizeSaNa pracalita huA ho athavA usakI deha - sampadA - sauSThava, gauratva Adi ke kAraNa bhI logoM ko use usa upAdhi se sambodhita karane kI preraNA huI ho / amoghavarSa vidvAnoM, tyAgiyoM evaM guNiyoM kA bar3A Adara karatA thA / unake sAtha usakA zraddhApUrNa sambandha thA, ataH yaha anumAna karanA bhI asaMgata nahIM lagatA ki rAjA amoghavarSa kA ukta vizleSaNa isa nAma ke pIche preraka hetu' rahA ho / 1 jaisA bhI rahA ho, isa TIkA ne kevala digambara jaina vAGmaya meM hI nahIM, bhAratIya tattva-cintana ke vyApaka kSetra meM niHsandeha apane nAma ke anurUpa dhavala, ujjavala yaza arjita kiyaa| mAnoM nAma kI Avayavika suSamA ne bhAvAtmaka suSamA ko bhI apane meM sameTa liyA ho / dhavalA ke vaiziSTya: - kahA hI gayA hai, yaha TIkA prAkRta-saMskRta-mizrita hai| isaprakAra kI sammizrita bhASAmayI racanA maNi- pravAla- nyAya se upamita kI gaI hai| maNiyA~ tathA pravAla paraspara milA diye jAyeM, to bhI ve apanA pRthak-pRthak astitva lie vidyamAna rahate haiM, usIprakAra prAkRta tathA saMskRta milane para bhI pRthak-pRthak dikhAI detI rahatI haiN| TIkAkAra dvArA kiye gaye isa dvividha bhASAtmaka prayoga kI apanI upayogitA hai / tAttvika athavA dArzanika viSayoM ko tArkika zailI dvArA spaSTa karane meM saMskRta kA apanA eka mahattva hai| usakA apanA viziSTa, pAribhASika zabda- samuccaya evaM racanA - prakAra hai, jo ananya-sAdhAraNa hai| prAkRta lokajanIna bhASA hai, jo kabhI isa deza meM bahu- pracalita thI / TIkA kI racanA kevala pANDitya - sApekSa hI na raha jAye, usameM lokajanInatA bhI vyApta rahe, prAkRta-bhAga isa apekSA kA pUraka mAnA jAye, to asthAnIya nahIM hogaa| 0040 prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara 198

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TIkAkAra ne apane samaya taka upalabdha bahuvidha digambara - zvetAmbara - sAhitya kA mukta rUpa se upayoga kiyA hai| aneka granthoM ke yathAprasaMga, yathApekSa aMza uddhRta kiye haiM / kahane kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki unhoMne apanI TIkA ko sampUrNata: samRddha evaM sarvathA upAdeya banAne kA pUrA prayatna kiyA hai| usakI zailI samIkSA, vizleSaNa evaM vizada vivecana kI dRSTi se vAstava meM asAdhAraNa hai / samApana : samaya:- vIrasenAcArya ke kAla ke sambandha meM anizcayAtmakatA nahIM hai| dhavalA kI antima prazasti meM unhoMne jyotiSa zAstrIya zailI meM kucha mahattvapUrNa saMketa kiye haiN| svargIya DaoN0 hIrAlAla jaina ne prazasti ke usa bhAga kA, jo dhavalA kI samApti ke samaya kA sUcaka hai, vizeSa parizIlana evaM sUkSmatayA paryavekSaNa kara pariSkRtarUpa upasthita kiyA hai, jisake anusAra, dhavalA kI sampUrNatA kA samaya zaka saMvat 738 kArtika zuklA trayodazI nizcita hotA hai| AcArya vIrasena ke suyogya ziSya AcArya jinasena ne apane pUjyacaraNa guru dvArA samArabdha jayadhavalA TIkA kI pUrti zaka saMvat 759 phAlguna zuklA dazamI ko kii| usa samaya rAjA amoghavarSa kA zAsanakAla thA / dhavalA kI pUrti aura jayadhavalA kI pUrti ke bIca 21 varSa kA samaya par3atA hai| AcArya vIrasena ke dehAvasAna kI yaha pUrvApara sImA hai| jaina sAhitya evaM itihAsa ke anveSTA sva0 paM0 nAthUrAma premI ne AcArya vIrasena kA samaya zaka saMvat 665 se 745 taka mAnA hai, jo aneka pUrvApara sandarbhoM evaM pramANoM para AdhArita hai / SaTkhaNDAgama : AdhAraH- dvAdazAMga ke aMtargata bArahaveM aMga 'dRSTivAda' kA cauthA bheda pUrvagata hai / vaha caturdaza pUrvoM meM vibhakta hai| unameM dUsarA 'AgrAyaNIya pUrva' hai / unake nimnAMkita caudaha adhikAra haiM :- 1. pUrvAnta, 2 aparAnta, 3. dhruva, 4. adhruva, 5. cayanalabdhi, 6. dharmopama, 7. praNidhikalpa, 8. artha, 9. bhauma, 10. vratAdika, 11. sarvArtha, 12. kalpaniryANa, 13. atItasiddhabaddha tathA 14. anAgata / isameM pA~cavA~ 'cayanalabdhi adhikAra' bIsa pAhuDoM meM vibhakta hai| unameM cauthA pAhur3a 'karma prakRti' hai| usake caubIsa 'anuyogadvAra' haiM, jo isaprakAra haiM: 1. kRti, 2. vedanA, 3. sparza, 4. karma, 5. prakRti, 6. bandhana, 7. nibandhana, 8. prakrama, 9. upakrama, 10. udaya, 11. mokSa, 12. saMkrama, 13. lezyA, 14. lezyA - karma, 15. lezyA - pariNAma, 16. sAtAsAta, 17. dIrgha- hrasva, 18. bhaMvadhAraNIya, 19. pudgalAtma, 20. nidhattAnidhatta, 21. nikAcitAnikAcita, 22. karma-sthiti, 23. pazcimaskandha tathA 24. alpabahutva / inake tathA inake bhedopabhedoM ke AdhAra para SaTkhaNDAgama kI racanA huI / SaTkhaNDAgama : eka paricaya pahalA khaNDaH - cha: khaNDoM meM pahale khaNDa kA zIrSaka jIvaTThANa hai| isakA adhikAMza bhAga karmaprakRti nAmaka pAhur3a ke 'bandhana' saMjJaka chaThe anuyogadvAra ke bandha- vidhAna nAmaka prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara 198 00 41

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bheda" ke AdhAra para praNIta huA hai / jIvaTThANa ke antargata ATha anuyogadvAra aura nau cUlikAeM haiN| ATha anuyogadvAroM ke nAma isaprakAra haiM: 1. sat, 2. saMkhyA, 3. kSetra, 4. sparzana, 5. kAla, 6. antara, 7 bhAva tathA 8. alpbhutv| nau cUlikAeM nimnAMkita haiM:1. prakRtisamutkIrtAnA, 2. sthAnasamutkIrtanA, 3-5. tIna mahAdaNDaga, 6. jaghanya sthiti, 7. utkRSTa sthiti, 8. samyaktvotpati tathA 9. gati - agati / uparyukta anuyogadvAroM tathA cUlikAoM meM vivecya viSayoM kA guNasthAnoM tathA mArgaNAoM ke AdhAra para bar3A vistRta vivecana huA hai| '-- dUsarA khaNDa:--dUsare khaNDa kA nAma 'khuddAbaMdha' hai, jisakA saMskRta-rUpa 'kSullaka bandha' hotA hai| yaha 'karmaprakRti pAhur3a' ke 'bandhaka' saMjJaka anuyogadvAra ke 'bandhaka' nAmaka bheda ke AdhAra para sRSTa huA hai| yaha khaNDa gyAraha adhikAroM meM vibhakta hai, jo nimnAMkita haiM:1. svAmitva, 2. kAla, 3. antara, 4. bhaMgavicaya, 5. dravyapramANAnugama, 6. kSetrAnugama, 7. sparzanAnugama, 8. nAnAjIvakAla, 9. nAnA jIva - antara, 10. bhAgAbhAgAnugama tathA 11. alpabahutvAnugama / prastuta khaNDa meM karma bA~dhane vAle jIva, karma-bandha ke bheda Adi kA uparyukta adhikAra saMketaka ina gyAraha prarUpaNAoM dvArA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| tIsarA khaNDa: - tIsarA khaNDa 'bandhasvAmitvavicaya' saMjJaka hai| 'karmaprakRti pAhuDa' ke bandhana anuyogadvAra kA 'bandha- vidhAna' nAmaka bheda prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga tathA pradeza ke rUpa meM cAra prakAra kA hai| prakRti ke do bheda haiM-- mUla tathA uttara / uttara prakRti do prakAra kI hai-- ekaikottara tathA avvogAr3ha / ekaikottara prakRti ke 24 bheda haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM : 1. samutkIrtanA, 2. sarvabandha, 3. nosarva, 4. utkRSTa, 5. anutkRSTa, 6. jaghanya, 7. ajaghanya, 8. sAdi, 9. anAdi, 10. dhruva, 11. adhruva, 12. bandhasvAmitvavicaya, 13. bandhakAla, 14. bandhAntara 15 bandhasannikarSa, 16. bhaMgavicaya, 17. bhAgAbhAga, 18. parimANa, 19. kSetra, 20. sparzana, 21. kAla, 22. antara, 23. bhAva tathA 24. alpabahutva / inameM bArahaveM 'bandhasvAmitvavicaya' ke AdhAra para isa khaNDa kI racanA huI hai| isa khaNDa meM mukhyataH nimnAMkita viSayoM kA vizada vizleSaNa hai : - kisa jIva ke kina-kina prakRtiyoM kA kahA~ taka bandha hotA hai, kisa jIva kA nahIM hotaa| kisa guNasthAna meM kauna-kauna sI prakRtiyA~ vyucchinna ho jAtI haiN| svodayabandhAtmaka tathA parodayabandhAtmaka prakRtiyA~ kauna-kauna-sI haiM, ityAdi / cauthA khaNDa:-- cauthA khaNDa vedanA' saMjJA se abhihita hai| yaha 'karmaprakRti pAhuDa' ke 'kRti' tathA 'vedanA' nAmaka anuyogadvAroM ke AdhAra para sRSTa hai| isameM 'vedanA' ke vivecana kI mukhyatA hai, jo kAphI vistArapUrvaka kiyA gayA hai| isIkAraNa yaha vedanA khaNDa' ke rUpa meM saMjJita huA hai / kRti ke antargata audArika, vaikriyaka, AhAraka, taijas prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara '98 00 42

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tathA kArmaNa--ina pA~ca zarIroM kI saMghAtanAtmaka evaM parizAtanAtmaka kRti kA evaM bhava ke prathama va aprathama samaya meM avasthita jIvoM ke kRti, nokRti tathA avyakta--atadrUpa saMkhyAoM kA varNana hai| ___ yahA~ 'kRti' ke sAta prakAra nirUpita haiM, jo isaprakAra haiM-1. nAma, 2. sthApanA, 3. dravya, 4. gaNanA, 5. grantha, 6. karaNa tathA 7. bhaav| prastuta sandarbha meM 'gaNanA' kI mukhyatA pratipAdita kI gaI hai| vadanA' ke antargata solaha adhikAra haiM, jo nimnAMkita haiM:-1. nikSepa, 2. naya, 3. nAma, 4. dravya, 5. kSetra, 6. kAla, 7. bhAva, 8. pratyaya, 9. svAmitva, 10. vedanA, 11. mati, 12. anantara, 13. sannikarSa, 14. parimANa, 15. bhAgAbhAganugama tathA 16. alpbhutvaanugm| etanmUlaka apekSAoM se yahA~ vadanA' kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| __ pA~cavA~ khaNDa:--pA~cavA~ 'vargaNA' khaNDa hai| 'karmaprakRti pAhuDa' ke 'sparza', 'karma' tathA prakRti' nAmaka anuyogadvAroM va 'bandhana' nAmaka anuyogadvAra ke prathama bheda 'bandha' ke AdhAra para isakA sarjana huA hai| ___ sparza-nirUpaNa ke antargata nikSepa, naya, nAma, dravya, kSetra Adi solaha adhikAra, jo vedanA-khaNDa' meM varNita hue haiM, dvArA teraha prakAra ke sparzoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai tathA prastuta sandarbha meM karma-sparza kI prayojanIyatA kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| ___'karma' ke antargata uparyukta solaha adhikAroM dvArA dazavidha karma kA nirUpaNa hai| ve daza karma isaprakAra haiM-1. nAma, 2. sthApanA, 3. dravya, 4. prayoga, 5. samavadhAna, 6. adha:, 7. IryApatha, 8. tapa, 9. kriyA tathA 10. bhaav| prakRti-nirUpaNa ke antargata zIla aura svabhAva kA ullekha huA hai, jinheM usakA paryAyavAcI kahA gayA hai| yahA~ 'prakRti' ke cAra bhedoM-nAma, sthApanA, dravya, tathA bhAvameM dravya-prakRti arthAt karma-dravya-prakRti ko uparyukta solaha adhikAroM ke mAdhyama se vizada vivecana kiyA gayA hai| __ mukhyata: pA~caveM khaNDa kA mahattvapUrNa adhikAra 'bandhanIya' hai| vahA~ usakA--usake antargata 23 prakAra kI vargaNAoM kA, unameM bhI vizeSata: karmabandhayogya vargaNAoM kA sUkSma tathA vistRta vizleSaNa huA hai| chaThA khaNDa:-'mahAbandha' chaThA khaNDa hai| isake sambandha meM pahale saMketa kiyA hI gayA hai, AcArya bhUtabali isake racayitA haiN| apane jyAyAn satIrthya AcArya puSpadanta dvArA racita sUtroM ko lete hue pA~ca khaNDoM kI racanA sampanna kara AcArya bhUtabali ne tIsa-sahasra-zloka-pramANa 'mahAbandha' rcaa| isa sambandha meM indranandi ne 'zrutAvatAra' meM jo ullekha kiyA hai, use pichale pRSThoM meM, jahA~ SaTkhaNDAgama' kI sAmAnyata: carcA kI gaI hai, upasthita kiyA hI gayA hai| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0043

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dhavalAkAra AcArya vIrasena ne jahA~ pA~cavA~ - 'vargaNA khaNDa' samApta hotA hai, ina sambandha meM ullekha kiyA hai, jo isaprakAra hai: "prakRtibandha, sthitibandha, anubhAgabandha tathA pradezabandha ke rUpa meM bandha- vidhAna caturvidha-- cAra prakAra kA hai| bhaTTAraka bhUtabali ne mahAbandha meM ina cAroM prakAra ke bandhoM kA saprapaMca -- vistRta vivecana kiyA hai; ata: hamane usakA yahA~ ullekha nahIM kiyaa| isa sandarbha meM samagra 'mahAbandha' yahA~ prarUpita hai; ata: bandha - vidhAna samApta kiyA jAtA hai|" 11 astu, chaThe khaNDa 'mahAbandha' meM AcArya bhUtabali dvArA prakRtibandha, sthitibandha, anubhAgabandha tathA pradezabandha kA bhedopabhedoM sahita aneka apekSAoM se vistRta ke sAtha-sAtha atyanta sUkSma evaM gahana vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai / sArAMza: - 'SaTkhaNDAgama' ke chahoM khaNDoM ke isa saMkSipta paricaya se yaha spaSTa hai ki karma-tattva - vijJAna ke nirUpaNa kI dRSTi se yaha grantha niHsandeha bhArata ke dArzanika vAGmaya meM apanA asAdhAraNa sthAna lie hue hai| kasAyapAhuDa ( kaSAyaprAbhRta) AcArya dharasena kA varNana karate samaya AcArya guNadhara ke sambandha meM pIche saMketa kiyA gayA hai| jisa prakAra dharasena ke itihAsa ke viSaya meM hamAre samakSa nizcAyaka sthiti nahIM hai, usI prakAra guNadhara kA bhI koI aitihAsika itivRtta hameM upalabdha nahIM hai / dharasena ke viSaya meM, jaisA ki pichale pRSThoM meM carcita huA hai, nandisaMgha kI prAkRta - paTTAvalI meM mAghanandi ke pazcAt ullekha to hai, guNadhara ke sambandha meM itanA bhI nahIM hai| 'zrutAvatAra' ke lekhaka indranandi ne guNadhara tathA dharasena - donoM ke itivRtta ke sambandha meM apanI ajJatA khyApita kI hI hai, jisakI carcA pahale kI jA cukI hai| guNadhara ke daihika jIvana kA itihAsa hameM nahIM mila rahA hai--yaha saca hai; para tattvajJAna ke kSetra meM unakI jo bahuta bar3I dena - unakI kRti kasAyapAhuDa hai, vaha sadA unheM ajara-amara banAye rakhegI / vyakti mara jAtA hai, vicAra nahIM marate / yadi kisI ke vicAra jIvita haiM, to nizcaya kI bhASA meM use 'mRta' nahIM kaha skte| 12 AdhAra: - SaTkhaNDAgama kI taraha kasAyapAhuDa bhI dvAdazAMga se sIdhe sambaddha vAGmaya ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai| caudaha pUrvoM meM pA~cavA~ 'jJAnapravAdapUrva' hai| usakI 'dazama vastu' ke 'tRtIya pAhuDa' kA nAma pejjadosapAhuDa hai| usI ke AdhAra para kasAyapAhuDa kI racanA huI; ata: apane AdhArabhUta 'pAhuDa' ke nAma para yaha pejjadosapAhuDa' ke nAma se bhI abhihita kiyA jAtA hai| paijjadosa' kA saMskRtarUpa preyas -dveSa' arthAt rAga-dveSa hai| yahI saMsAra kA mUla hai, jise sahI rUpa meM jAne binA, samajhe binA, ucchinna kiye binA bandhana se chuTakArA nahIM ho sakatA / viSaya:- prastuta viSaya meM krodha Adi kaSAyoM kA svarUpa, unake rAgAtmaka tathA, prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara 98 00 44

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dveSAtmakarUpa meM pariNata hone kI vividha sthitiyA~ Adi kA atyanta sUkSma evaM mArmika vizleSaNa hai| racanA:-kasAyapAhuDa kI racanA gAthA-sUtroM meM huI hai| ve saMkhyA meM 233 haiN| sUtra bahuta saMkSepa meM haiM, para gahana aura gUr3ha artha se saMpRkta haiN| AcArya guNadhara ne isa grantha kI racanA kara SaSTkhaNDAgama ke mAdhyama se prasRta zruta-paramparA ko aura abhivarddhita kiyA hai| kahA jAtA hai, AcArya guNadhara ne isakI racanA kara AcArya nAgahastI tathA AryamaMkSu ke samakSa ise vyAkhyAta kiyaa| usase yaha paramparA Age bhI gatizIla rhii| vyAkhyA-sAhitya:-AcArya yativRSabha ne kasAyapAhuDa para prAkRta meM chaha sahasra-zloka-pramANa cUrNi-sUtroM kI racanA kii| aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki uccAraNAcArya ne AcArya yativRSabha se unake cUrNi-sUtroM kA adhyayana kiyA aura una para dvAdaza-sahasra-zloka-pramANa uccAraNasUtra rce| Aja yaha sAhitya anupalabdha hai| kasAyapAhuDa para atyanta mahattvapUrNa vyAkhyA, jisane isa mahAn grantha ko aura adhika gauravAnvita kiyA, svanAmadhanya AcArya vIrasena tathA unake suyogya ziSya AcArya jinasena kI jayadhavalA TIkA hai, jisake sambandha meM pahale bhI yathAprasaMga carcA AI hai| yaha sATha-hajAra-zloka-pramANa vizAla TIkA hai, jisakA prArambha kA bIsa sahasra-zloka-pramANa bhAga AcArya vIrasena dvArA tathA Age kA cAlIsa hajAra-zloka-pramANa bhAga AcArya jinasena dvArA racita hai| isa TIkA kA kitanA adhika mahattva hai, yaha isI se anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki jisaprakAra dhavalA ke kAraNa SaTkhaNDAgama ke pA~ca khaNDa 'dhavala', chaThA khaNDa-mahAbandha 'mahAdhavala' kahA jAtA hai, usI prakAra 'jayadhavalA' ke kAraNa kasAyapAhuDa' ko 'jayadhavala kahA jAtA hai| kalevara:-kasAyapAhuDa 15 adhikAroM meM vibhakta hai, jo isaprakAra hai: 1. pejjadosavibhakti, 2. sthitivibhakti, 3. anubhAgavibhakti, 4. pradezavibhakti-jhINAjhINasthityantika, 5. bandhaka, 6. vedaka, 7. upayoga, 8. catuHsthAna, 9. vyaMjana, 10. darzanamohopazAmanA, 11. darzanamohakSapaNA, 12. saMyamAsaMyamalabdhi, 13. saMyamalabdhi, 14. cAritramohopazAmanA tathA 15. caaritrmohksspnnaa| _ adhikAroM ke nAma se hI yaha sujJeya hai ki AtmA kI antarvRttiyoM ke vizleSaNa tathA pariSkaraNa kI dRSTi se yaha grantha kitanA mahattvUparNa hai| SaTkhaNDAgama kI bhASA:-mathurA ke Asa-pAsa kA kSetra kabhI zUrasena janapada ke nAma se prasiddha rahA hai| prAkRtakAla meM vahA~ jo bhASA pracalita rahI hai, vaha 'zaurasenI prAkRta' kahI jAtI hai| yaha bhASA zUrasena janapada ke atirikta pUrva meM vahA~ taka, jahA~ se 'arddhamAgadhI' kA kSetra zurU hotA thA, pazcima meM vahA~ taka jahA~ se paizAcI' kA kSetra zurU hotA thA, prasRta rahI hai| kahane kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki eka samaya aisA rahA, jaba yaha prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0045

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bhASA uttara bhArata ke madhyavartI vistRta bhU-bhAga meM prayukta thii| digambara AcAryoM dvArA apane dhArmika sAhitya ke sRjana meM jisa prAkRta kA prayoga huA hai, lakSaNoM se yaha zaurasenI ke adhika nikaTa hai| isa sambandha meM nimnAMkita tathya vizeSa rUpa se parizIlanIya haiN| digambara-sampradAya kA mukhya kendra dakSiNa bhArata rahA hai| jisake sAtha aneka prakAra ke kathAnaka jur3e haiM, vaha uttara bhArata meM vyApta dvAdazavarSIya duSkAla eka aisA prasaMga thA, jisake pariNAmasvarUpa ghaTita ghaTanAoM ke kAraNa jaina-saMgha do bhAgoM meM ba~Ta gyaa| uttara meM jo jaina-saMgha rahA, adhikAMzatayA vaha Age calakara zvetAmbara' ke rUpa meM vizruta ho gyaa| yaha paramparAgata AgamoM kI, cAhe aMzata: hI sahI, avicchinnatA meM vizvAsa rakhatA rhaa| usakI ora se vibhinna samayoM meM Ayojita Agama-vAcanAoM dvArA apane 'arddhamAgadhI Agama-vAGamaya' ko surakSita banAye rakhane kA prayatna bhI claa| phalata: vaha vAGmaya surakSita raha bhI skaa| zvetAmbara-muniyoM ke mAdhyama se Age vaha srota pravahaNazIla rhaa| digambara-muniyoM kI sthiti dUsarI thii| unhoMne mahAvIra-bhASita dvAdazAMga-vAGmaya ko vicchinna maanaa| isalie tadanusyUta bhASA ke sAtha bhI unakA vizeSa sambandha na raha skaa| isa sampradAya ke vidvAnoM ko, jaba sAhitya-sRjana kA prasaMga AyA, to zaurasenI kA svIkAra adhika saMgata lagA ho| kyoMki uttara bhArata kA mukhya bhAga usase prabhAvita thaa| hara koI lekhaka yaha cAhatA hai, usakI kRti sthAyI rahe / vaha bhASA ke astitva tathA mahattva para bhI bahuta kucha nirbhara karatA hai / zaurasenI prabhAvazIla bhASA thii| digambaralekhakoM ko usameM kucha aisI saMbhAvanAeM pratIta huI hoM, ve mana meM Azvasta rahe hoM ki una dvArA usameM praNIta sAhitya sthAyitva lie rhegaa| eka dUsarI sambhAvanA yaha bhI ho sakatI hai ki prAcIna kAla meM digambara-sampradAya kA uttara bhArata se kucha sambandha rahA bhI, to vaha vizeSarUpa se mathurA ke Asa-pAsa ke pradeza se rahA ho| usa kAraNa bhI usa pradeza kI bhASA ko apane dhArmika sAhitya meM grahaNa karane kI mana:sthiti utpanna ho sakatI hai| digambara-lekhakoM dvArA prayukta zaurasenI' kahI jAtI hai| isakA eka kAraNa to yaha hai ki usameM pahale-pahala grantha-racanA vAle jaina vidvAn hI the, jinakI apanI paramparA thI, apanI zailI thii| unake kAraNa vaha bhASA, jo unakI lekhinI se pallavita aura vikasita huI, unake vizeSaNa ke sAtha (jaina zaurasenI) vizruta ho gii| ___eka aura kAraNa bhI hai| jainadharma jaba avibhakta thA, taba se usase bhI pUrva bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya se arddhamAgadhI se vizeSa sambaddha rhaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra cAhe zabdarUpa meM bole hoM athavA unake deha se dhvani rUpa meM udgAra nikale hoM, antata: unake bhASAtmaka rUpa kI pariNati 'arddhamAgadhI' meM hotI haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM yaha kahA jAye to atyukti nahIM 0046 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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hogI ki ardhamAgadhI eka taraha se jainadharma kI bhASA hai| jaisAki kahA gayA hai, yadyapi digambaroM kA arddhamAgadhI ke sAtha vizeSa sambandha nahIM rahA, para arhad-vANI yA ArSavANI ke rUpa meM unake mana meM jo pAramparika zraddhA thI, vaha kaise miTa sakatI thii| isake sivAya pUrvatana zruta-srota ke pariprekSya meM bhI unake mastiSka para usakI chApa thii| ata: unhoMne yadyapi likhA to zaurasenI meM, para svabhAvata: usa para arddhamAgadhI kA prabhAva banA rhaa| isaprakAra arddhamAgadhI arthAt jainadharma kI bhASA yA jaina bhASA se prabhAvita rahane ke kAraNa vaha 'zaurasenI' jaina zaurasenI kahalAne lgii| digambara-lekhakoM dvArA prayukta prAkRta ke svarUpa ke sUkSma paryavekSaNa tathA parizIlana se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yaha nAma usa bhASA ke anta:svarUpa kI yathArtha paricAyakatA kI apekSA usake sthUla kalevarIya svarUpa para adhika AdhRta hai, anyathA una dvArA prayukta bhASA meM aise udAharaNa bhI haiM, jo 'mAgadhI' Adi kI saraNi se adhika mela khAte haiN| ___prAkRta ke vikhyAta vaiyAkaraNa DaoN0 Ara0 pizela (Dr. Pischel) ne ise jo jaina zaurasenI' kahA hai, usake pIche bhI usIprakAra kA abhiprAya pratIta hotA hai| DaoN0 vAlTasa subriga (Dr. Walter Schubring) ke ziSya DaoN0 Deneka (Dr. Denecke) ne DaoN0 pizela (Dr. Pischel) dvArA parikalpita jaina zaurasenI' nAma ko anupayukta batAyA hai| unhoMne use 'digambarI bhASA' kahanA adhika upayukta samajhA hai| DaoN0e0ena0 upAdhye Adi vidvAn ise ThIka nahIM mAnate / bAta aisI hI hai, yadi digambara lekhakoM dvArA apane granthoM kA isa bhASA meM likhA jAnA isake 'digambarI bhASA' kahe jAne kA paryApta hetu hai, to vaha avyApta hai, kyoMki digambara vidvAnoM ne apane dharma kA sAhitya kannar3a tathA tamila jaisI bhASAoM meM bhI to racA hai, bahuta racA hai; jo una bhASAoM kI nidhi hai| ata: sthUla dRSTyA 'jaina zaurasenI' nAma se ise saMjJita karanA anupayukta nahIM lgtaa| digambara-lekhakoM dvArA prayukta zaurasenI meM dezI' zabdoM ke prayoga lagabhaga aprApta haiN| kAraNa spaSTa hai, vaha bhASA usa pradeza meM panapI, vikasita huI, jo dravir3a parivArIya-bhASA-samUha se sambaddha hai tathA dezI-zabdoM ke prayoga-kSetra se sarvathA bAhara hai| digambara-lekhakoM dvArA prayukta bhASA--zaurasenI dravir3a parivArIya bhASAoM se prabhAvita nahIM huI, isakA kAraNa una (dravir3a parivArIya) bhASAoM kA dhvani-vijJAna, rUpa-vijJAna tathA vAkya-racanA Adi kI dRSTi se Arya-parivArIya bhASAoM se bhinnatA hai| saMskRta kA prabhAva usa para avazya adhika hai| eka to zaurasenI kA prArambha se hI saMskRta se vizeSa lagAva rahA hai, vararuci ne to isakI utpatti hI saMskRta" se batalAI hai tathA dUsare saMskRta ko apanI prabhAvApannatA hai, jisakI antata: pariNati hama samantabhadra, pUjyapAda, anantavIrya tathA akalaMka jaise mahAn digambara saMskRta-lekhakoM meM pAte haiN| digambara-lekhakoM dvArA prayukta prAkRta kA yaha saMkSipta vivaraNa hai| sthAna, samaya, sthiti prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0047

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Adi ke kAraNa vibhinna kRtiyoM meM bhASA ke sandarbha meM kucha bhinnatA yA asadRzatA bhI rahI hai, para vaha bahuta mahattvapUrNa nahIM hai / astu, SaTkhaNDAgama kI bhASA jaina zaurasenI prAkRta hai| mUla-sUtroM tathA TIkA kI bhASA meM jo yatkiMcit bhinnatA hai, usakA uttara deza, kAla evaM paristhiti ke vyavadhAna meM svayaM khojA jA sakatA hai| zaurasenI prAkRta kI mukhya vizeSatAe~: - zaurasenI prAkRta kI nimnAMkita mukhya vizeSatAe~ haiM / isameM madhyavartI k ke sthAna para g, t ke sthAna para d tathA th ke sthAna para gh hotA hai| vartamAna kAla prathama puruSa eka vacana kriyA meM 'di' lagatA hai / pUrvakAlika kriyAtmaka avyaya meM prAyaH ua, tu evaM 'dUNa' pratyaya kA prayoga hotA hai / saMdarbha-sUcI 1. prAkRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, pR0 673-74 2. viziSTa prajJAtmaka Rddhi-sampanna 3. " zrI vIrasena ityAttabhaTTArakapRthuprathaH, pAradRzvAdhivizvAnAM sAkSAdiva kevalI / yasya naisargikIM prajJAM dRSTvA sarvArthagAminIm, jAtAH sarvajJasadbhAve nirArekA manISiNaH / / yaM prAhuH prasphurabdodharIdhitiprasarodayam, zrutakevalinaM prAjJAH prjnyaashrmnnmuttmm| prasiddhasiddhasiddhAntavArdhivAdhautazuddhadhIH sArddhaM pratyekabuddhairyaH spardhate shriiddhbuddhibhiH||" - ( jayadhavalA - prazasti 19, 21-23 ) 4. " pustakAnAM ciratnAnAM, gurutvamiha kurvatA / yenAtizayitAH pUrve sarve pustakaziSyakAH / / " - (vahI, 24 ) 5. " zrI vIrasena ityAptabhaTTArakapRthuprathaH, sa naH punAtu pUtAtmA vAdivundArako muniH / lokavittvaM kavitvaM ca sthitaM bhaTTArake dvayam, vAgmitA vAgmino yasya vAcA vAcaspaterapi / / " - ( AdipurANa utthAnikA, 55-56) 6. " dhavalAM bhAratIM tasya kIrttiM ca zucinirmalAm / dhavalIkRtaniHzeSa-bhuvanAM tAM namAmyaham / / " - ( AdipurANa utthAnikA 58 ) 7. "kAle gate kiyatyapi tataH punazcitrakUTapuravAsIM, zrIbhAnetvAcAryo babhUva siddhAntatattvajJaH / tasya samIpe sakalaM siddhAntamadhItya vIrasenaguruH, uparitananibandhanAdyadhikArAnaSTa ca lilekha / / Agatya citrakUTAttataH sa bhagavAn guroranujJAnAt, vATagrAme cAtrAnatendrakRtajinagRhe sthitvaa| vyAkhyAprajJaptimavApya pUrvaSaTkhaNDatastatastasmin, uparitanabandhanAdyadhikArairaSTAdazaviMkalpaiH / / satkarmanAmadheyaM SaSThaM khaNDaM vidhAya saMkSipya, iti SaNNAM khaNDAnAM granthasahasrairdvisaptatyA / prAkRtasaMskRtabhASA-mizrAM TIkAM vilikhya dhavalAkhyAm, jayadhavalAM ca kaSAya-prAbhRtake catasRNAM vibhaktInAm / / viMzatisahasrasadgrantharacanayA saMyutAM viracya divam, yAtastataH punastacchiSyo jayasena ( jinasena) gurunAmA / taccheSaM catvAriMzatA sahasraiH sabhApitavAn, jayadhavalaivaM ssssttishsrgrntho'bhvttttiikaa||" - ( zrutAvatAra, 177-84) prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara '98 OO 48

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8. aThatIsamhi satasae vikkAmarAyaMkie su-sagaNAme, vAse sutaresIe bhANuvilagge dhvlpkkhe| jagatuMgadevarajje riyamhi kuMbhamhi rAhuNA koNe, sUre tulAe saMte gurumhi kulavillae hote|| cAvamhi taraNivutte siMghe sukkammi mINe caMdammi, kattiyamAse esA TIkA hu samANiA dhvlaa|| -(dhavalA-prazasti, 6-8) 9. itizrI vIrasenIyA TIkA sUtrArthadarzinI, vATagrAmapure zrImadgurjarAryAnupAlite phAlgune mAsika pUrvANe dazamyAM zuklapakSake, pravarddhamAnapUjorUnandIzvaramahotsave AmeghavarSarAjendrarAjyaprAjyaguNodayA, niSThitA pracayaM yAyAdAkalpAntamanalpikA ekonnaSaSTisamadhikasaptazatAbdeSu zakanarendrasya, samatIteSu samAptA jayadhavalA praabhRtvyaakhyaa|| -(jayadhavalA-prazasti, 6-9) 10. bandhana ke bheda--bandha, bandhanIya, bandhaka, bndh-vidhaan|| 11. jaM taM baMdhavihANaM taM cauvvihaM, payaDibaMdho vidibaMdho aNubhAgabaMdho padesabaMdho cedi| edesiM caduNNaM baMdhANaM vihANaM bhUtabalibhaDAraeNa mahAbaMdhe sappavaMceNa lihidaM ti amhehi ettha Na lihidaM / tado sayale mahAbaMdhe ettha parUvide baMdhavihANaM smppdi|" ___ -(SaTkhaNDAgama, khaNDa 5, bhAga 4, pustaka 14, pR0 564) 12. "guNadhara-dharasenanvayagurvoH pUrvAparakramo'smAbhiH / na jJAyate tadanvayakathakAgamamunijanAbhAvAt / / 151 / / " * 13. Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Page 20-21 14. prakRti : saMskRtam . -(sAbhAra uddhRta : Agama aura tripiTaka : eka anuzIlana, khaNDa 2, pRSTha 653-671) 'vijayadhavalA' Aja kahA~ hai? "dhavalo hi mahAdhavalo, jayadhavalo vijydhvlshc| granthA zrImadbhiramI proktA: kavidhAtarastasyAt / / " isa padya meM ullikhita 'dhavala', 'mahAdhavala' evaM 'jayadhavala' --ye tIna mahAn TIkAgrantharUpa siddhAntazAstra to Aja upalabdha haiM; kintu 'vijayadhavala' nAmaka eka anya aise hI grantha kA isameM ullekha hai, jo ki Aja taka anupalabdha hai| yaha manISiyoM ke dvArA | gaMbhIratApUrvaka anusandheya hai| ___ vaktRtva mokSamArga nahIM hai jisaprakAra vINA kA rUpa-lAvaNya tathA taMtrI ko bajAne kA sundara DhaMga manuSyoM ke manoraMjana kA hI kAraNa hotA hai, usase kucha sAmrAjya kI prApti nahIM ho jAtI; usI prakAra vidvAnoM kI vANI kI kuzalatA, zabdoM kI dhArAvAhikatA, zAstra-vyAkhyAna kI kuzalatA aura | vidvattA bhoga hI kA kAraNa ho sakatI hai, mokSamArga yA mokSa nhiiN| ** prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0049

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kAtantra vyAkaraNa evaM usakI do vRttiyA~ - DaoN0 rAmasAgara mizra kAtantravyAkaraNa apane Apa meM mahattvapUrNa hote hue bhI kuzala pArakhiyoM ke abhAva meM upekSita rahA hai| phira bhI kucha vaiyAkaraNa vidvAn aise haiM, jinheM isake bAre meM cintA lagI rahatI hai| aise vidvAnoM meM hI dillI vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga ke prAktana AcArya evaM adhyakSa DaoN0 satyavrata zAstrI haiM / inhIM ke dillI vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga ke adhyakSapada para kAryarata rahate hue maiMne pI-eca0DI0 upAdhi prApti hetu apanA zodhakArya sampanna kiyaa| mujhe apanA zodhakArya AMzikarUpa se samaya lagAkara karanA thA, kyoMki maiM jIvikopArjana krama meM dillI ke zikSA vibhAga ke antargata adhyApana kAryarata thA / aisI sthiti meM koI sAmAnya viSaya mujhe prApta honA cAhie thA / kintu mujhe vyAkaraNAcArya hone ke kAraNa adhyakSa jI kI kuzala pArakhI buddhi ne bakhzA nahIM, aura kAtantravyAkaraNa para kArya karane ke lie preraNA dI tathA 'ziSyahitAnyAsa' grantha ke sampAdana kA viSaya svIkRta kiyaa| yaha eka aisA viSaya thA, jisake bAre meM kahIM bhI kisI ko sAmAnyarUpa se kucha bhI jJAta nahIM thaa| vArANaseya saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI ke zodhasnAtaka DaoN0 jAnakI prasAda dvivedI ne 'kAtantravimarza' ke nAma se eka sarvekSaNAtmaka grantha zodhaprabandha ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA thA, jisake AdhAra para 'kAntatravyAkaraNa' kI tIna mukhya zAkhAoM kA patA calA thaa| pahalI - vaMgazAkhA, dUsarI- kazmIrazAkhA, tIsarI - madhyadezIyazAkhA evaM dakSiNa bhAratIya shaakhaa| inameM se vaMga zAkhA ke pramukha vidvAn vaiyAkaraNa navIM zatI ke AcArya durga ke dvArA kAtantrasUtroM para likhA gayA 'durgavRtti' nAmaka grantha hai, jisakA prakAzana vaMgIya lipi meM 'kAlApa-vyAkaraNa' nAma se kaI saMskaraNoM meM huA hai tathA 'eziyATika sosAyaTI oNpha baMgAla' ne 'nAgarI lipi' meM kiyA hai, jisake sampAdaka pro. juliyasa iglina haiN| kazmIrazAkhA meM mere isa viSaya para zodhakArya karane ke pUrva koI bhI grantha prakAza meM nahIM AyA thA, kintu bhinna-bhinna granthAgAroM meM anekAneka pANDulipiyoM ke upalabdha hone kI sUcanA hai| dakSiNabhAratIya evaM madhyabhAratIya zAkhA kA koI pramukha grantha nahIM hai, kintu AcArya bhAvasenatraividya dvArA sampAdita tathA jainAcArya zrImaccharvavarma - viracita kAtantrasUtroM para 'kAtantrarUpamAlA' nAma se prakAzita grantha upalabdha hai / jisa viSaya para zodhakArya karane hetu mujhe anumati prApta huI, usakA zIrSaka 'ziSyahitAnyAsasya sampAdanamadhyayanaJca' hai| 'ziSyahitAnyAsa' eka pANDulipi-grantha hai / abhI taka 'nyAsa' nAma se pANinIyavyAkaraNa - sUtroM para 'kAzikAvRtti' para ullikhita nyAsa hI eka mAtra 'nyAsa - grantha' ke nAma se jAnA jAtA rahA hai| isakAraNa se jina-jina prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara 98 00 50

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vaiyAkaraNoM se samparka kiyA gayA, ve sabhI isI 'kAzikA nyAsa' ke atirikta anya nyAsa-granthoM se anabhijJa rhe| aisI sthiti meM 'kaiTAlogaskaiTAlogruma' kA Azraya lene para 'vADaliyanalAibrerI, AksaphorDa-landana' ke granthAgAra meM 'ziSyahitAnyAsa' nAmaka grantha hone kA patA calA tathA 'bhaNDArakara oriyanTala risarca insTITyUTa' meM sthita isakI prati ko jIrNa-zIrNa hone ke kAraNa pUnA se ise upalabdha kara pAnA asambhava thA, kevala vahA~ jAkara dekhA jA sakatA thaa| kintu vADaliyana pustakAlaya se patra-vyavahAra karane para usake mAikrophilma rUpa meM preSita kie jAne kI sUcanA milii| tadanusAra vibhAgIya saMstuti ke AdhAra para dillI vizvavidyAlaya ke pustakAlaya ko use maMgavAne kA bhAra de diyA gyaa| usa samaya san 74 meM kevala do pauNDa kA mUlya vizvavidyAlaya ke pustakAlaya dvArA bhejA jAnA thaa| use bhejane meM eka varSa se adhika samaya bitA diyA, usake bAda kahIM dUsarA varSa bItate-bItate yaha pANDulipi grantha mAikrophilma ke rUpa meM prApta huA tathA use philma-rIDara kI sahAyatA se dekhane para patA calA ki vaha sambhavata: zAradAlipi meM hai| isake par3hane meM saMskRta vibhAga ke abhilekha vizeSajJa AcAryoM kI sahAyatA viphala rhii| dillI meM grInapArka sthita kazmIrI paNDita ke ghara gyaa| unhoMne itanA rUkhA uttara diyA ki unase kAryasampAdana kI AzA hI nahIM rhii| ata: vivaza hokara pustakAlayAdhyakSa se nivedana kiyA ki Apa use mujhe de deM, jisase ki pustakAlaya se bAhara le Akara kisI vidvAna kI sahAyatA le skuuN| usa samaya ke pustakAlayAdhyakSa ne bhI anasunI kara bAhara le jAne kI anumati nahIM dI aura use mahattvapUrNa batalAkara mujhe dene se manA kara diyaa| jaba maiMne kahA ki vADaliyana lAibrerI mujhe vyaktigatarUpa se bhejana kA patra diyA thA, kevala videzI mudrA ke lie hI Apa se sahAyatA lenI par3I, to pariNAma yaha haA ki unhoMne sahAyatA karane ko spaSTarUpa se manA kara diyaa| maiM adhyApaka hone ke kAraNa paristhitiyoM ke jAla meM pha~sa jAne ke kAraNa isa vivAda ko Age nahIM le jAkara unake sAmane vivaza ho gyaa| isa asaphalatA ke kAraNa maiM saMskRta vibhAga meM puna: Avedana kiyA ki viSaya badala diyA jAe, kintu koI pariNAma nahIM niklaa| puna: maiMne vADaliyana lAibrerI ko sIdhe patra-vyavahAra prArambha kiyA, jisake phalasvarUpa unhoMne mujhe vyaktigata bANDa para usa pANDulipi kA jIrAksa prati mujhe 39 yA 40 DAlara ke mUlya para preSita karane kA vAdA kiyA aura unhIM ke sujhAva ke kAraNa zikSA mantrAlaya se yunesko 6-7 mAha bAda bukakUpana ko prApta kara vADaliyana lAibrerI AksaphorDa landana ko preSita kiyA tathA vahA~ se 2-3 mAha bAda ukta pANDulipi kI jIraoNksa prati prApta huii| isI daurAna nirAza hokara saMskRta vibhAga ke tatkAlIna AcArya evaM adhyakSa DaoN0 jozI ko Avedana kiyA ki viSaya badala diijie|' parantu unhoMne bhI viSaya badalane ke bajAya usI para kArya karane kI preraNA dii| isaprakAra isa jIraoNksa ke milane para yaha spaSTa ho gayA ki pANDulipigrantha prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0051

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'zAradAlipi' meM hai, jisakA par3hanA atyanta kaThina hai| kintu vyAkaraNa kA chAtra hone ke kAraNa isa samasyA se hAra mAnanA mere lie bar3A kaThina thaa| maiMne DaoN0 satyavratazAstrI se puna: anurodha kiyA tathA isa bAra unhoMne usameM ruci lete hue eka aisA anUdita aMza diyA jo thA to 8-10 pRSTha kA hI, kintu usake AdhAra para usa sthala ko khojakara varNoM ke saMyojana tathA saMyukta varNoM kI prakriyA ko samajhate-samajhate zAradAlipi par3hane kA paryApta abhyAsa ho gyaa| isameM mujhe saralatA isalie huI ki maiM vyAkaraNa kI zabdAvalI se paricita thA, kintu yaha zabdAvalI pANinIya vyAkaraNa-paramparA kI na hokara kAtantraparamparA kI hone ke kAraNa mujhe zabdoM ke vAstavika svarUpa nirdhAraNa meM paryApta kaThinAI huii| isaprakAra utsAhita hokara prathama bAra meM nirantara 6-7 ghaMTe kI baiThaka ke bAda prArambha kara AdhA pRSTha pddh'aa| usa samaya aisA anubhava huA ki A~khe bhaviSya meM kAma hI nahIM kara paayegiiN| mere isa athaka prayAsa ke kAraNa yaha kArya lagabhaga do varSoM meM pUrA huaa| isaprakAra kula 7 varSa lagAkara maiM apanA zodhakArya pUrA kiyaa| isake daurAna anubhava kiyA ki zodhakArya ko bar3hAvA dene meM videzI adhika sahAyaka haiM, banispata svadezI logoM ke| isIlie hI bhArata ke snAtaka videza se hI zodha karane meM ruci rakhate haiN| ___ 'kAtantravyAkaraNa' ke Upara isa durUha kArya ke sampAdana ke bAda kAtantra-sUtroM para isa 'ziSyahitAnyAsa' kA prakAzana kara vyAkaraNa ke aitihAsika krama ko cunautI denA thaa| 'ziSyahitAvRtti' ke lekhaka durga haiM tathA ziSyahitAnyAsa' ugrabhUti bhaTTa dvArA viracita hai| tathya yaha hai ki dasavIM zatI ke uttarArdha meM bhArata ke pazcimottara prAnta vaihinda' kSetra jo ki samprati aphagAnistAna kA aMga hai, meM zAha AnandapAla rAjA rAjya karate the| unake guru AcArya ugrabhUti bhaTTa ne kAtantra-sUtroM para vRtti likhI tathA svayaM hI usa para 'nyAsa-grantha' likhaa| tathA DaoN0 kItha ke anusAra "kazmIra prAnta meM kAtantravyAkaraNa 13vIM zatI ke sthAna para 10vIM zatI ke uttarArdha meM hI pracalita huaa|" __nyAsagrantha kI pANDulipi ko khojate-khojate rASTriya saMgrahAlaya, naI dillI gyaa| vahA~ bar3I kaThinatA ke bAda yaha avasara milA ki mujhe vahA~ ke nidezaka kI anumati se eka pANDulipi-grantha kI chAyAprati dI gayI, jo zAradA lipi meM thii| dekhane se patA calA ki yaha nyAsa nahIM, apitu 'ziSyahitAvRtti' thii| phira bhI pratidina jAkara eka ghaNTA samaya dekara lagabhaga eka mAha meM sabhI 70 yA 72 pRSTha ko devanAgarI meM anUdita kara liyaa| isa Azaya se ki yaha apUrNa hai, phira bhI zAyada kabhI kAma A jaae| isI nyAsa ke zodhakArya ke prasaMga meM pUnA sthita 'prAcyavidyA zodha saMsthAna' gayA tathA vahA~ para milAna karake dekhA ki pANDulipi ke prArambha ke 20 pRSTha phaTa gaye haiM evaM madhya ke bhI lagabhaga 20 pRSTha anupalabdha haiM tathA apUrNa haiM; phira bhI vahA~ nidezaka se prArthanA kara usakI chAyAprati mAikrophilma ke rUpa meM le liyaa| kAlAntara meM jaba 1980 meM zodhakArya pUrA ho gayA, 0052 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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thor3I rAhata milI; taba cintA huI ki nyAsa-grantha kA prakAzana kiyA jaae| tathA bAda meM 3-4 varSoM ke prayAsa ke bAda 1990 meM usakA prakAzana maiMne svayaM kiyA; kyoMki isa vyAkaraNa-grantha ke prapha par3hane meM bar3I sAvadhAnI rakhanI thii| jise koI anya prakAzaka nahIM kara sakatA thA tathA ruci bhI nahIM letaa| 3-4 varSoM ke athaka prayAsa ke bAda aisI paristhiti meM AyA ki kArya kucha sarala ho gayA tathA usI ke phalasvarUpa yaha amUlya vyAkaraNa-grantha vidvajjanoM ke samakSa prastuta kara pAyA huuN| rASTriya saMgrahAlaya se prApta aMza evaM pUnA prati meM prApta bAda ke aMza milAkara kula eka prati hI sampAdana-hetu upalabdha hai| usameM bhI atyanta jIrNa-zIrNa hone ke kAraNa kucha aMza anupalabdha hai tathA bIca-bIca meM se kucha pRSTha naSTa ho gaye haiN| usakI jagaha adhyayana meM tAratamya banAye rahane ke lie maiMne kAtantra-sUtroM para durga vRtti' kA ullekha kara diyA hai| dUsarI prati ke upalabdha na hone se maiMne apane vyAkaraNasambandhI alpajJAna ke UhA ke AdhAra para pATha-nirdhAraNa kiyA hai| mujhe isa bAta kA santoSa hai ki maiM bahuta kucha aMza meM saphala rahA huuN| phira bhI vidvAnoM kA mUlyAMkana samAdaraNIya hai| . isa grantha ke sampAdana meM kevala eka pANDulipi ke upalabdha hone evaM atyanta jIrNa-zIrNa tathA bIca-bIca se kucha patra anupalabdha hone ke kAraNa zuddha-zuddha pAThoM ke nirdhAraNa meM atyanta kaThinAI kA anubhava huA hai| kevala anubhava, tarka, kalpanA, aucitya evaM vyAkaraNa-prayogoM ke sAdRzya cintara ke AdhAra para pATha-nirdhAraNa kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| 'zAradAlipi' meM kucha saMyukta varNoM tathA anya varNoM tathA anya varNoM kA nirNaya karanA kaThina hai| usameM se pa, ya, ma, sa, Sa, tha, rtha, kSa, cca, zca, dya evaM A kI mAtrA Adi pramukha haiN| jahA~ bhraSTa pATha hai, unheM bindu rekhAMkita kara chor3a diyA gayA hai| bIca se kramaza: 2020 evaM 25-25 Adi kI saMkhyA meM sUtroM para 'ziSyahitAvRtti' kA pATha anupalabdha hai| aise sthala para kevala pAThakoM kI suvidhA-hetu 'kAtantravyAkaraNa' ke sUtroM ke sAtha-sAtha mAtra 'durgavRtti' kA hI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| jisase ki pAThakavRnda ke adhyayana meM bAdhA na phuNce| samayAbhAva ke kAraNa dhAtupATha kA pRthak ullekha nahIM kara pA rahA huuN| AzA hai ki bhaviSya meM 'kAtantravyAkaraNa' ke anya pANDulipi granthoM kA sampAdana karate samaya ina sabakA samucita ullekha kara skuuNgaa| zatru aura svajana 'zarIre'ri: praharati hRdaye sv-jnstthaa| kasya svajanazabdo me ljjaamutpaadyissyti||' -(mahAkavi bhAsa, pratimA nATaka, 1/11) artha:-bAharI zatru kevala deha para AghAta karatA hai, kiMtu svajana marmasthAna para hI AghAta karate haiN| na jAne isa vipatti meM kauna svajana nimitta hue haiM? jinakI yAda mere liye lajjAkara hogii| ** prAkRtavidyA+ aktUbara-disambara'98 bara'98 0053

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AcArya kundakunda kA AtmavAda -vidyAvAridhi DaoN0 mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA Atma aura adhyAtma-jagat ke prabhAvaMta aura prajJAvaMta nakSatra the 'AcArya kundkund'| ApakA janma karnATaka ke koMDakuMdi' nAmaka grAma meM huA thaa| Apake pitAzrI kA nAma 'karamaMDu' aura mAtuzrI kA nAma thA 'zrImatI' / bodhapAhuDa' nAmaka graMtha ke anusAra Apake guruzrI kA nAma thA 'bhdrbaahu'| ____ 'koMDakuMDa' AcArya kuMdakuMda kA pUrva, kintu apUrva rUpa thA; jo kannar3a bhASA meM ciraMjIvI rhaa| AcArya kuMdakuMda 'Atma' aura 'adhyAtma' ke viziSTa vyAkhyAkAra the| nizcayanaya ke dvArA Atma aura adhyAtma ke sA~ce DhAlakara Apane Agama ke rUpa ko apUrva svarUpa pradAna kiyA hai| saMsAra kI jitanI dhArmika mAnyatAyeM haiM, unakA mUla AdhAra 'AtmA' aura 'paramAtmA' para TikA huA hai| kucha dhArmika mAnyatAe~ 'paramAtmavAdI' haiM aura kucha haiM 'aatmvaadii'| paramAtmavAdI dhArmika-paramparA ko 'IzvaravAdI' bhI kahA gayA hai; jo saMsAra-cakra kA saMcAlana karatI hai| AtmA ko vahI 'zubha' aura 'azubha' kI ora unmukha karatA hai| yahA~ jIvAtmA kI apanI koI svataMtra sattA nahIM hai| __saMsAra kI kucheka dhArmika mAnyatAyeM Izvara ke siMhAsana para AtmA ko pratiSThita karatI haiN| isa paramparA meM jainadharma sarvopari hai| inakI dRSTi meM AtmA aura paramAtmA * koI aparicita sattA nahIM hai, apitu vaha parama-vikasita vizuddha tathA nirmala AtmA kA hI paramAtmasvarUpa hai| sUkti-zailI meM ise isaprakAra bhI kahA jA sakatA hai-"karmayukta jIva 'AtmA' hai aura karmamukta jIva 'paramAtmA' / " jainadharma aura darzana kA mukhya merudaNDa hai--'AtmavAda' / AtmA hI karma kA kartA hai aura svakRta karma-phala-sukha-du:kha kA bhoktA hai| vahI inase mukti prApta karanevAlA hai| isaprakAra AtmA kA nirvikAra niraMjana, nirmala siddhasvarUpa hI paramAtmA hai| mahAmanISI AcArya kuMdakuMda ne Agama ke vAtAyana se AtmavAda ko jisa khUbI se upanyasta kiyA hai, yahA~ saMkSepa meM usI ko zabdAyita karanA hamArA mUla abhipreta hai| ___ AcArya kuMdakuMda jaba Agama kA Alor3ana kara rahe the, usa samaya bhAratIya darzana-jagat meM eka vaicArika krAnti cala rahI thI, usake pariNAma svarUpa aneka dArzanika mAnyatAoM ko rUpa pradAna kiyA gayA thaa| ina dArzanika mAnyatAoM ke niyAmakoM meM pArasparika dvandva thA aura dveSa bhii| sAtha hI tatkAlIna bhAratIya dArzanika mAnyatAe~ bhI prabhAvita ho rahI thiiN| advaita kI A~dhI ne AcArya kuMdakuMda ko Agamika satya ko surakSita rakhane ke liye prerita kiyA thaa| usa samaya 'upaniSad' ke brahma-advaita tathA bauddhadarzana ke 'zUnyavAda' aura 0054 prAkRtavidyAra- aktUbara-disambara'98

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'vijJAnavAda' apanI abhinava udbhAvanA aura sambhAvanA ko lekara dArzanika siMhAsana para pratiSThita ho rahe the| tabhI AcArya kuMdakuMda ne atyanta sAdagI aura svAbhAvika bhASA-zailI meM Agamika satya ko upanyasta kara logoM kI tatkAlIna bhAvanA aura prabhAvanA kA yatheSTa prakSAlana kiyA thaa| unhoMne ina vAdoM aura vivAdoM se Upara uThakara AtmavAda kA svarUpa pradAna kiyA thaa| bhAratIya aura bhAratetara sabhI darzanoM meM Atmatattva kI vivecanA apane-apane DhaMga se nirUpita hai| jainadarzana meM bhI AtmA ke astitva tathA usake svarUpAdi kA vivecana huA hai| AcArya kuMdakuMda jainadarzana ke prakhara pravaktA tathA AdhyAtmika anveSaka the| unhoMne AtmasvarUpa vizeSa kI vivecanA jisa sundara DhaMga se prastuta kI hai, yadyapi vaha saba bIjarUpa meM jaina-AgamoM meM pUrvata: vidyamAna hai; kintu apanI pratibhA, medhA aura vyAkhyAnabala ke AdhAra para Agama ke gUr3hatama rahasyoM ko 'nayoM' aura 'nikSepoM' ke mAdhyama se sarala tathA subodha zailI meM avazya spaSTa kiyA hai ki 'Agama meM amuka bAta kisa apekSA naya aura kisa nikSepa ke sAtha kahI gayI hai| kauna-sI dRSTi yathArtha-svarUpa ko prakaTa karatI hai|' -isa dRSTi se AcArya kI yaha abhinava dena mAnI jaayegii| 'samayasAra' prabhRti graMthoM meM unhoMne nizcayanaya vizeSa kA avalambana liyA hai| unakI dRSTi meM samayasAra' arthAt nizcayanaya kI dRSTi meM jo jJAtA hai, vahI vastuta: AtmA hai| - AtmA kA sampUrNa vaiziSTya jJAna meM kendrita kara tatsambandhita samasta bhedoM ko abheda meM badala diyA hai| AtmA hI sarvasva hai| usakA avalambana hI mukti hai, kintu isa abheda dRSTi se ve santuSTa nahIM huye; kyoMki unake kAla meM jo dArzanika dvandva thA, vaha 'advaitavAda' kA thaa| yathA-'upaniSad' kA brahma-advaita, vedAnta kA Atma-advaita, bauddhadarzana kA zUnya-advaita aura vijJAna-advaita aadi| aise meM AcArya kundakunda ne jainadarzana ke nizcayapradhAna adhyAtmavAda ko samakAlika dArzanika-cetanA ke samakSa prastuta kiyA tathA 'bhAva-nikSepa' aura nizcayanaya ke mAdhyama se jainatattvoM kA savistAra nirUpaNa kara jainadarzana ko anya darzanoM ke samakSa abhinavarUpa meM prakaTa kiyaa| ina donoM kA Azraya lene para hI dravya aura paryAya, dravya aura guNa, dharma aura dharmI, avayava aura avayavI Adi aneka bheda miTakara abheda kI sthiti A jAtI hai| aura isaprakAra vedAnta kA advaitavAda, bauddha kA vijJAnavAda-ina sabakA samAdhAna inhIM donoM-bhAvanikSepa aura nizcayanaya meM hI garbhita hai| ye koI naI cIja nahIM hai, jainAgama meM isakA nirUpaNa bahuta pahile se hI bIjarUpa meM thA, jise AcArya kuMdakuMda ne vRkSa jaisA AkAra/rUpa de diyA hai| ____AcArya kuMdakuMda Agama ko spaSTa karate huye kahate haiM ki "nizcayanaya se vastu ke pAramArthika evaM tAttvika zuddhasvarUpa ko jAnA jA sakatA hai; jabaki vyavahAranaya se vastu ke apAramArthika, atAttvika evaM azuddhasvarUpa ko|" AcAryazrI Age kahate haiM ki "vastu prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0055

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ke svarUpa kA sampUrNa jJAna kisI eka naya se nahIM ho sakatA, usake liye donoM naya svIkArane hoNge| aura donoM hI sApekSagata haiN| eka apekSA se jIva baddha hai, nitya hai, varNayukta hai, mUrta Adi hai aura dUsare kI apekSA se vaha abaddha hai, anitya hai, avarNa hai, amartta hai| jaba donoM apekSAoM arthAta nayoM kA dhyAna rakhakara jIva ke svarUpa kI carcA karate haiM, to jIva ina sabase pare hai arthAt vaha na to baddha hai aura na abaddha hai, -yahI samayasAra hai, yahI paramAtmA hai|" ___ AcArya kuMdakuMda kI dRSTi meM saMsAra ke samasta padArthoM kA samAveza dravya, guNa, paryAya meM ho jAtA hai| inameM paraspara bheda hone para bhI vastuta: bheda nahIM hai| jaise jJAnI se jJAna guNa ko, dhanI se dhana ke samAna atyanta bhinna nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| AcArya kuMdakuMda ne isI AdhAra para dravya, guNa, paryAya kA bhedAbheda svIkAra kiyA hai| pudgala-dravya kI vyAkhyA bhI 'nizcaya' aura 'vyavahAra' naya se karate samaya ve kahate haiM- ki nizcayanaya kI apekSA se paramANu ko hI pudgala kahA jA sakatA hai| aba yaha vyAkhyA kI jAtI hai, taba pudgala ke guNa jo svabhAvajanya haiM aura paryAya jo vibhAvajanya haiM, use dhyAna meM rakhA jAtA hai; kyoMki zuddha pudgala ke guNa svAbhAvika hote haiM, jabaki skandha ke guNa vaibhAvika hote haiN| isaprakAra paramANu kA anya-nirapekSa pariNamana 'svabhAva paryAya' hai aura paramANu kA skandharUpa pariNAma anya-sApekSa hone se vibhAva paryAya' hai| yahA~ anya-nirapekSa pariNamana ko jo svabhAva paryAya' kahA gayA hai, usakA tAtparya itanA hI hai ki vaha pariNamana kAla-bhinna anya kisI nimittakAraNa kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA; kyoMki sabhI prakAra ke pariNAmoM meM kAla 'kAraNa' hotA hI hai| AtmA eka svataMtra, zAzvata, dravya tathA tattva hai| usameM anaMtazakti vidyamAna hai| pratyeka AtmA paramAtmA banane kI kSamatA rakhatA hai| AtmA se paramAtmA taka pahu~cane ke liye jIva ko kaSAya-kautuka aura moha-mukti paramAvazyaka hai| ina sabhI vibhAvoM se muktyartha samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kI bhUmikA mahattvapUrNa hai| ise caritArtha karane ke liye tapa aura saMyama kI AvazyakatA hai| isaprakAra jIva janma-maraNa ke dAruNa duHkhoM se mukta hokara siddhAtmA bana sakatA hai| siddhAtmA hI vastuta: paramAtmA hai| sandarbha-sUcI 1. samayasAro - 6,7, 10, 11, 16, 21, 152-153 / 2. pavayaNasAro - 1- 59, 60, 87 / 2- 14, 16 aura 871 3. NiyamasAroM - 27, 28, 29, 95, 100, 158 / 4. paMcatthikAyasaMgaho - 52 / 0056 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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preraka vyaktitva DaoN0 hukamacanda bhArilla -zrImatI mamatA jaina bIsavIM zatAbdI meM digambara jainasamAja kA itihAsa eka aisa mahApuruSa ke ananya upakAroM kA ciraRNI hai, jisane vidvAnoM kA aisA akSayavRkSa lagAyA thA, jisake madhura phaloM se samAja Aja taka lAbhAnvita ho rahI hai; ve the svanAmadhanya guruvara gopAladAsa jI braiyaa| Apake dvArA murainA (ma0pra0) meM sthApita zrI gopAla di0 jaina siddhAMta mahAvidyAlaya se zikSA grahaNa kara anekoM manISI vidvAn nikale haiM, jinhoMne apanI jJAnajyoti se samAja ko to lAbhAnvita evaM gauravAnvita kiyA hI hai; sAhitya aura saMskRti kA poSaNa evaM saMrakSaNa bhI pracura parimANa meM kiyA hai| isI garimAzAlI vidvatsantati ke eka viziSTa vidvAn haiM DaoN0 hukamacanda bhaarill| jIvana-paricaya:-bundelakhaNDa kI dharatI ko vidvAnoM kI khAna' avazya kahA jA sakatA hai| kama se kama unnIsavIM evaM bIsavIM zatAbdI kA itihAsa to spaSTa sAkSI hai ki digambara jaina samAja meM jitane bhI vidvAn haye haiM, unameM se lagabhaga 80% vidvAn mAtra buMdelakhaMDa aMcala se hI Aye haiN| isakA mUlakAraNa hai yahA~ kI jaina samAja kI jaina tattvajJAna evaM sadAcAra meM gahana ruci| nitAnta anapar3ha grAmINa mahilAyeM bhI bhaktAmara stotra, tattvArthasUtra, AlocanApATha evaM nityapUjana Adi kaMThastha yAda rakhatI hai tathA maMdiroM meM nityaprati pUjanapATha karanevAloM evaM dhArmika avasara-vizeSa para upasthita honevAlA vizAla janasamudAya spaSTa kara detA hai ki yahA~ kI samAja meM dhArmika saMskAra kitane gahare baiThe huye haiN| binA devadarzana kiye eka choTe bacce ko bhI mA~ bhojana nahIM detI hai, kahatI hai ki "pahile maMdira darzana karake Ao, taba bhojana milegaa|" aise saMskArI aMcala ke kendra 'lalitapura jile ke antargata eka choTA-sA gA~va hai 'baraudAsvAmI' / vahA~ ke nivAsI zrImAn haradAsa jI evaM unakI sahadharmiNI zrImatI pArvatIbAI (nannIbAI) eka madhyavargIya parivAra ke dhArmika saMskAra-sampanna Adarza dampatti the| isa gA~va ke samIpa hI eka dhArmika kSetra hai--siroMja / vahA~ lagane vAle vArSika mele meM ye prativarSa jAte tathA vahA~ vidvAnoM ke dhArmika vyAkhyAna sunakara ye atyanta prabhAvita hote the| inake mana meM bhI bhAvanA umar3atI ki kAza ! unake bacce bhI aise vidvAn baneM, jo hajAroM kI janasabhA meM jaina tattvajJAna ko sunA-samajhA skeN|' saMbhavata: isI prabala bhAvanA ke phalasvarUpa inake A~gana meM jyeSTha kRSNa aSTamI, zanivAra, 25 maI 1935 I0 ko eka aisA putraratna prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0057

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utpanna huA, jisane deza-videza meM jainoM evaM jainetaroM ke bIca bhI jainatattvajJAna kA atyanta prabhAvI rIti se pracAra-prasAra kiyA tathA yaha samarpita naiSThika kArya Aja taka nirantara cAlU hai| vahI putraratna Aja 'DaoN0 hukamacaMda bhArilla' ke nAma se vikhyAta haiN| zikSA:--Apane apane agraja (paM0 ratanacaMda bhArilla) ke sAtha prAImarI kI zikSA gA~va se 5 ki0mI0 dUra sthita nanaurA kI prAImarI pAThazAlA se grahaNa kI, jisake lie Apako pratidina paidala jAnA-jAnA par3atA thaa| phira Apake pitAzrI ne dhArmika zikSA evaM saMskAroM kI prApti ke nimitta Apako di0 jaina kSetra papaurA jI bheja diyA, jahA~ Apa mAtra cAra mAha taka hI adhyayana kara ske| isake uparAnta san 1945 I0 meM Apane deza ke supratiSThita 'zrI gopAla digambara jaina siddhAMta mahAvidyAlaya, murainA (ma0pra0)' meM praveza lekara jainadarzana, nyAya evaM tattvajJAna kA gahana adhyayana kiyA tathA yahIM se zAstrI' evaM 'nyAyatIrtha' kI parIkSAyeM uccazreNI meM uttIrNa kii| phira 1960 I0 meM ilAhAbAda se hiMdI kI pratiSThita upAdhi sAhityaratna' ko bhI zreSTha aMkoM ke sAtha arjita kiyaa| kiMtu ina saba upAdhiyoM kI vizvavidyAlaya stara para koI vizeSa mAnyatA nahIM thI, ata: laukika dRSTi se 1962 meM ucca mAdhyamika (hAyara sekeNDrI) evaM 1965 I0 meM snAtaka (bI0e0) kI parIkSAyeM svayaMpAThI chAtra ke rUpa meM uttIrNa karane ke bAda indaura (ma0pra0) ke 'zAsakIya ArTa eNDa kaoNmarsa kaoNleja' se 'snAtakottara parIkSA' (ema0e0) hindI bhASA evaM sAhitya' viSaya se uttIrNa kii| yahIM se 1971 I0 meM Apane apanA vikhyAta zodha-prabandha 'paNDita ToDaramala : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva' pUrNa kiyA, jisa para Apako devI ahilyAbAI vizvavidyAlaya, indaura ne DaoNkTareTa (pI-eca0DI0) kI sammAnita upAdhi pradAna kii| __AjIvikA:-bIsavIM zatAbdI ke cauthe-pA~caveM dazakoM meM bhAratIya grAmya-aMcaloM meM vivAha kA dAyitva mAtA-pitA jaldI hI pUrNa kara lete the, tathA bhale hI isa baMdhana meM baMdhane vAle dampatti-yugala ko isa bAre meM kucha bodha ho yA nahIM, kiMtu yaha baMdhana unheM sAmAjikarUpa se svIkAra karanA par3atA thaa| isI krama meM ApakA bhI vivAha zIghra ho gayA aura pArivArika dAyitva kaMdhoM para Ane se AjIvikA kI anivAryatA dekhate huye Apane san 1954 I0 meM sarvaprathama pAraulI ke jaina miDila skUla meM pradhAnAdhyApaka' ke pada para kArya prArambha kiyaa| phira adhika tAlamela na bana pAne se san 1956 I0 meM babInA (u0pra0) meM apanA nijI vyApAra prAraMbha kiyaa| kiMtu usameM bhI mana nahIM rama sakA, to 1957-58 ke do varSoM taka azokanagara (ma0pra0) kI janasamAja meM dhArmika zikSaNa kA kArya kiyaa| phira yahIM para hAyara sekeNDrI skUla meM saMskRta evaM hiMdI ke zikSaka ke rUpa meM 1959 se 1965 taka kAryarata rhe| Age bar3hane aura kucha kara dikhAne kI lalaka Apako indaura le gayI, jahA~ para Apane 1966-67 taka 'zrI trilokacanda jaina hAyara sekeNDrI skUla' meM saMskRta evaM hindI viSayoM kA adhyApanakArya kiyaa| antata: jayapura-nivAsI 0058 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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ratnoM ke pArakhI dharmAnurAgI zrI pUraNacanda jI godIkA ne Apako eka vidvadratna ke rUpa meM parakhA evaM Apako jayapura meM sthApita saMsthA 'paNDita ToDaramala smAraka TrasTa' meM kArya karate- hetu le Aye, jahA~ para Aja taka Apa kendrIya vyaktitva ke rUpa meM nirantara apanI sevAyeM pradAna kara rahe haiN| yaha Apake hI zrama, samarpaNa evaM kauzala kA supariNAma hai ki Aja 'ToDaramala smAraka TrasTa' deza-videza meM jainasamAja kI pratinidhi saMsathA ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai 1 krAntikArI parivartana:- jaba Apa babInA meM vyApAra-magna ho arthArjana meM nimagna ho gaye, tabhI saMyogavaza AdhyAtmika satpuruSa zrI kAnajI svAmI kA tIrtharAja sammedazikhara jI kI yAtrA ko jAte huye babInA meM Agamana huA / taba unake AdhyAtmika pravacanoM kA inake mana para gaharA prabhAva huA tathA punaH jJAnapipAsA bar3I / taba se Apa punaH samAjasevA evaM jJAnArjana ke kSetra meM lautte| isaprakAra yaha ApakA mAno punarjanma thA, jo ki samAja ke lie atyanta upayogI siddha huA / kyoMki isI vaicArika parivartana se utpanna UrjA ne Apake nimitta se deza-videza meM jainatattvajJAna kA vyApaka pracAra karAyA / samAjasevA evaM dharmaprabhAvanA: - samAja ke sabhI vargoM meM dharmaprabhAvanA ke nimitta Apane bahuAyAmI kAryoM kA pravartana kiyaa| apane prabhAvI pravacanoM dvArA to Apane janajAgRti kI hI, vibhinna zikSaNa-prazikSaNa ziviroM, dhArmika AyojanoM, paMcakalyANakapratiSThA mahotsavoM Adi ke atirikta baccoM meM tattvajJAna ko sikhAne ke lie dhArmika pAThazAlAoM kA dezavyApI saMcAlana Apake netRtva meM huaa| Apa kI nayI pIr3hI ke baccoM ko Adhunika zikSaNa paddhati se tattvajJAna karAyA jAye-- isa nimitta Apane samAja ke utsAhI yuvaka-yuvatiyoM ko 'prazikSaNa ziviroM' meM vizeSa prazikSaNa bhI pradAna kiyaa| isa prakriyA kA bar3A sakArAtmaka pariNAma rahA, tathA jo bacce dharma par3hane pAThazAlA jAne meM saMkoca karate the, ve utsAhapUrvaka par3hane jAne lge| isIprakAra samAja meM vidhivat sarvAMgINa adhyayana-sampanna vidvAnoM kI vyApaka kamI evaM kAryarata jaina- vidyAkendroM kI prAya: anutpAdakatA ko dekhate huye Apane paM0 ToDaramala digambara jaina siddhAnta mahAvidyAlaya kA sUtrapAta san 1976-77 meM kiyA, jo anavarata cAlU hai tathA jisake saikar3oM snAtaka dezabhara meM samAjasevA kara rahe haiN| Aja kisI bhI prakAra ke Ayojana ke lie samAja meM jahA~ kahIM bhI apekSA hotI hai, yahA~ ke vidvAn evaM kAryakarttA samarpita bhAva se samAjasevA ke lie upalabdha ho jAte haiN| yaha saba DaoN0 bhArilla jI ke dUradarzI vyaktitva evaM suyogya prabandhanazailI kA hI supariNAma hai| samAjasevA ke isa avirala krama meM Apa sampUrNa deza ke atirikta videzoM meM bhI lagabhaga ikyAvana sthAnoM para dharmapracArArtha prativarSa do mAha ke lie anekoM bAra jA cuke haiM tathA ApakI vahA~ nirantara mA~ga banI huI hai| prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara 98 59

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sAhityasevA:-samAja meM vyApaka dharmaprabhAvanA ke lie Apane kAryakramoM evaM pravacanoM taka hI apane Apako sImita nahIM rakhA hai, apitu bahuAyAmI sAhitya-sRjana kara apane mizana ko aura adhika vyApakatA pradAna kI hai| Apake dvArA sRjita sAhitya kI pramukha vizeSatA yaha hai ki vaha na kevala dharma va tattvajJAna kA prarUpaNa karatA hai, apitu usameM samasAmayika bhASA, prabhAvotpAdaka zailI evaM hRdayasparzI zabdAvali kA sundara samAveza hotA hai| kathA, kavitA, nibandha, upanyAsa, bAlopayogI pATha, saMvAdaparaka saMkSipta ekAMkI, gaMbhIra tAttvika pustakoM ke lekhana ke atirikta sampAdana evaM anuvAda ke kSetra meM bhI Apane mahattvapUrNa sAhityika kArya kiye haiN| Apake dvArA likhita, sampAdita evaM anUdita kRtiyoM kI kula saMkhyA pacAsa hai, jo lagabhaga ATha bhASAoM meM cAlIsa lAkha pratiyoM ke rUpa meM deza-videza meM prasArita ho cukI haiN| isase Apake sAhitya kI lokapriyatA evaM prabhAvotpAdakatA svata: spaSTa hai| ApakI abhI lagabhaga gyAraha kRtiyA~ prakAzana-sUcI meM pratIkSArata haiN| sammAna:-samAja meM prApta abhinaMdanapatroM evaM sammAnaparaka AyojanoM kI gaNanA karane baiThe, to DaoN0 bhArilla ko saMbhavata: svayaM bhI smaraNa nahIM hogA ki aise choTe-bar3e Ayojana kitane deza-videza meM Ayojita ho cuke haiN| tathA samAjasevI, vANIbhUSaNa, jainaratna, vidyAbhUSaNa' Adi upAdhiyA~ jo deza-videza ke viziSTa saMsthAnoM dvArA samaya-samaya para samArohapUrvaka dI gayIM haiM; ve bhI Apake agAdha vaiduSya, garimAmaya vyaktitva evaM prabhAvazAlI kRtitva ke samakSa koI vizeSa mahattva nahIM rakhatI haiN| Apako inake prayoga kI apekSA bhI nahIM hai| hA~ ! Apake vyaktitva evaM kAryazailI se prabhAvita hokara dezabhara kI anekoM pramukha saMsthAoM ne Apako vibhinna sammAnita padoM para manonIta karake ApakI vyApakatA ko pramANita kara diyA hai| Apake 'NamokAra maMtra' se lekara 'samayasAra' taka kA jo deza-videza meM pracArita kiyA hai, usakA yadi pakSavyAmoha se rahita hokara mUlyAMkana kiyA jAye, to bIsavIM zatAbdI ke jaina itihAsa meM anya koI vidvAn Apake nikaTa dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai| ApakI yaha dharmayAtrA anavarata jArI rahe tathA susvAsthyapUrvaka dIrghAyuSya prApta kara Apa isI taraha unnatipatha para agrasara raheM - aisI maMgalakAmanA hai| zrAvaka ko sabhI prANiyoM kI rakSA karanI cAhiye "go-bAla-brAhmaNa-strI puNyabhAgI ydiissyte| sarvaprANigaNatrAyI nitarAM na tadA katham / / " -(AcArya amitagati, zrAvakAcAra, 11/3) artha: yadi gau, brAhmaNa, bAlaka aura strI kI rakSA karanevAlA puNyabhAgI hai, to jisane sampUrNa prANIsamUha kI rakSA kA vrata liyA hai, vaha usase viziSTa kyoM nahIM? arthAt vaha avazya viziSTa hai| 0060 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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bhAratIya zikSaNa vyavasthA evaM jaina vidvAn - zrImatI amitA jaina bhAratIya zikSaNa-vyavasthA meM prAcInakAla se hI saMskRta evaM prAkRtabhASAoM kA zikSA-mAdhyamoM ke rUpa meM sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rahA hai / IsApUrvakAla se hI prAcIna zilAlekhoM, abhilekhoM, dhArmika sAhitya, loka sAhitya (vizeSata: nATakoM) evaM vaijJAnika sAhitya (lokopayogI kalAoM, vidyAoM, takanIkI zikSA, rasAyana evaM bhautika jJAnavidhAoM Adi ko prastuta karanevAle sAhitya) meM inhIM donoM bhASAoM kA hI pramukhataH yogadAna milatA hai| isa taraha se hama saMskRta evaM prAkRta bhASAoM ko bhAratIya jJAna - vijJAna evaM sAhitya-saMskRti-itihAsa kI 'saMvAhikA bhASAyeM' kaha sakate haiM / bhArata meM do pradhAna saMskRtiyA~ rahI haiM, eka 'zramaNa-saMskRti' aura dUsarI 'vaidika-saMskRti' / inameM zramaNa saMskRti ke purodhAoM ne jana-jana taka niSpakSabhAva se jJAna kA Aloka pahu~cAne kI dRSTi se mUlata: 'prAkRtabhASA' ko apanAyA, kiMtu unhoMne jJAna evaM lekhana ke lie 'saMskRta' ko bhI samAnarUpa se prazraya diyA / Aja upalabdha jaina - vAGmaya isa tathya kA prabala sAkSI hai, ki jahA~ Agama-graMtha 'prAkRta' meM nibaddha huye, vahIM usakA apAra vyAkhyA- -sAhitya, upajIvI sAhitya evaM svataMtra lekhana 'saMskRtabhASA' meM vipula parimANa meM nibaddha huA hai| prAyaH sabhI jainAcArya evaM vidvAn 'prAkRta' ke sAtha-sAtha 'saMskRta' ke bhI acche jJAtA the| unhoMne na kevala svayaM 'prAkRta' ke sAtha 'saMskRta' ko vidhivat sIkhA, apitu 'samAja-vyavasthA' meM bhI janasAmAnya ke madhya isa tathya ko prasArita kiyA / isIlie sAmAnya jaina zrAvaka-zrAvikAyeM evaM bacce 'prAkRta' evaM 'saMskRta' ko sIkhate-samajhate rahe 1 prAcIna bhAratIya zikSaNa-vyavasthA meM bhI koI bhedabhAva mukhyataH nahIM thA, isIlie unheM adhyApakagaNa 'gurukuloM' meM niSpakSabhAva se bhASAoM evaM zAstroM kA jJAna pradAna karate rhe| kiMtu mugaloM ke zAsana meM bhAratIya janamAnasa burI taraha padadalita hone se kucha kuMThAgrasta ho gayA tathA usake pariNAmasvarUpa vaicArika saMkIrNatA udita huii| isakA prabhAva zikSAjagat para bhI pdd'aa| jahA~ eka ora strIzikSA isase prabhAvita huI, vahIM jAtivAdI - saMkIrNamAnasikatA ke vargavizeSa ke atirikta zeSa bhAratIya samAja ko zikSA ke dvAra baMda kara diye gye| phira bhI jainasamAja ne zikSA ke prasAra ko 'paramAtmA kI ArAdhanA ke samAna Avazyaka' mAnate huye anekoM pratibaMdhoM ke bAda bhI yena-kena-prakAreNa cAlU rkhaa| baccoM ko bAlyAvasthA se hI NamokAra maMtra, cattArimaMgalapATha, pratikramaNasUtra, sAmAyika pATha, dravyasaMgraha Adi ke mAdhyama se 'prAkRtabhASA' kA abhyAsa karAte rahe, to bhaktAmara stotra, kalyANamaMdira stotra, tattvArthasUtra Adi ke dvArA 'saMskRtabhASA' kA bodha jIvita rkhaa| isameM unhoMne striyoM ko pratibaMdhita nahIM kiyA, tabhI to mAtra cauke-cUlhe taka sImita rahane vAlI prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara 98 0061

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- - mahilAyeM bhI ina pAThoM kA nitya pArAyaNa karatI rhiiN| aura inake mAdhyama se saMskRta-prAkRta bhASAyeM unakI sA~soM meM pratidhvanita hotI rhiiN| jaina samAja kI AMtarika zikSaNa vyavasthA bhale hI kitanI hI udAra rahI ho, kiMtu bhAratIya samAja isa yuga meM zikSaNa vyavasthA ke prati paryApta saMkIrNa vicAradhArA meM jakar3a cukA thaa| zaikSikarUpa se uccavarga kahe jAne vAle brAhmaNa-samAja ne nimnavargoM ke sAtha-sAtha jainoM evaM bauddhoM ko bhI zikSAlayoM ke dvAra banda kara diye the| jo jaina vidvAna yadi vidhivat zikSA grahaNa kara bhI sake, to vaha unake adamya sAhasa, apUrva tyAga evaM anupama sahiSNutA kA hI nidarzana thaa| jaise bauddhoM ke pracaNDa prabhAva ke yuga meM akalaMkadeva ne bauddha banakara gurukula meM zikSA lI thI aura kaise jAna hathelI para rakhakara ve par3ha sake the--yaha apane Apa meM eka romAMcakArI vRttAnta hai| unake bhAI nikalaMka kA balidAna evaM akalaMka kA padmasarovara meM chupakara prANarakSA karanA 'zikSA vyavasthA' ke vaiSamya kA spaSTa pramANa hai| lagabhaga aisI hI vikaTa sthitiyA~ aTThArahavIM sadI ke prAraMbha se lekara bIsavIM sadI ke chaThaveM dazaka taka vidyamAna rhii| yadyapi isa bAre meM vidhivat pramANa saMkalita kara koI vyavasthita lekhana kiyA jAye, to hajAroM pRSThoM kA zodhagraMtha bana sakatA hai; phira bhI yahA~ mAtra do dRSTAntoM ko hI saMkSepata: prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai mahAmanISI vidvavarya paMDita mANikacandra jI kaundeya ne 'dharmaphala siddhAnta' nAmaka apanI pustaka meM isa durvyavasthA ke prati prakAza DAlate hue usa samaya kI sthiti ke romAMcakArI vivaraNa prastuta kiye haiN| tadanusAra bIsavIM zatAbdI ke prAraMbhika dazaka meM jJAnanagarI vArANasI' meM jainoM ko par3hane-sIkhane ke lie koI vidyAlaya nahIM thaa| saMskRta zikSA ke kendra aneka the, kiMtu unameM jainoM ko praveza nahIM milatA thaa| yahA~ taka ki unheM aspRzya (achUta) mAnA jAtA hai, ve unake sparza mAtra se ghara, vastra aura zarIra ko apavitra huA mAnakara usakI zuddhi kiyA karate the| parAkASThA to yaha thI ki unake sAtha saMbhASaNa mAtra se ve vaidika vidvAn apanA mukha azuddha huA mAnate the| isalie utsAhI evaM laganazIla jaina chAtroM ko apanI dhArmika pahicAna chipAte hue vaidikoM ke rUpa meM jJAnArjana karAnA par3atA thaa| ukta pustaka ke anusAra paM0 narasiMha dAsa jI, paM0 raNachoradAsa jI, nyAyadivAkara paM0 pannAlAla jI, paM0 gaurIlAla jI, paM0 rAmadayAlu hI evaM paM0 kalAdhara jI Adi unake (lekhaka ke) pUrvavartI vidvAnoM ne brAhmaNaveza meM saMskRtabhASA evaM darzana nyAya Adi kA zikSaNa prApta kiyA; tAki ve jainagraMthoM kA hArda samajha sakeM tathA samAja ke anya jijJAsuoM ko par3hA-likhA sakeM graMthoM kA sampAdana anuvAda kara skeN| tathA unhIM tathyoM ko sarala zabdoM meM navIna pustakoM ke rUpa meM likha bhI skeN| yadi kisI jaina adhyetA kI kiMcit bhI asAvadhAnI se usake jaina hone kA rahasya khula jAtA thA, jo use rAtoMrAta bhAgakara apanI jAna bacAnI par3atI thii| aise hI eka 0062 prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara'98

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ghaTanAkrama meM eka jaina adhyetA ko vArANasI se bhAgakara nadiyA (navadvIpa - baMgAla) meM jAkara chadmarUpa meM apane zeSa adhyayana ko pUrNa karanA par3A thA / ukta binduoM para vicAra kareM, to hama pAte haiM ki hamAre pUrvaja ne kisa kImata para samAja meM zikSaNa-vyavasthA cAlU rakhI aura jJAnajyoti ko akhaNDa prajvalita rkhaa| Aja yaha sarakAra kI samabhAvInIti evaM svanAmadhanya DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI evaM pro0 vAcaspati upAdhyAya jI jaise udAracetA mahAmanISiyoM kA hI mahAn yogadAna hai; jisake phalasvarUpa Aja jainoM ko saMskRta-prAkRta Adi bhASAoM evaM darzana - nyAya Adi jJAnavidhAoM kA niSpakSabhAva se zikSaNa saMskRta mahAvidyAlayoM evaM vizvavidyAlayoM meM diyA jAtA hai / yahI nahIM, prAkRtabhASA evaM jainadarzana ke jitane bhI vibhAga, adhyayanakendra Aja dezabhara meM cala rahe haiM, naye khula rahe haiM - ve bhI inhIM ke pratyakSa yA parokSa yogadAna se hI gatizIla haiM / prAcIna vyavasthA evaM paristhitiyoM ke pariprekSya meM hama pAte haiM ki ina donoM mahAmanISiyoM ne jainasamAja meM bhAratIya paraMparita zikSA ko niSpakSabhAva se pradAna karane ke lie jo yogadAna kiyA hai, vaha nizcaya hI svarNAkSaroM meM likhe jAne yogya hai / bhagavAn kI bhaviSyavANI 'Naggo macchAdi AhArA / ' - ( AcArya nemicaMda, trilokasAra, 861, pRSTha 663) artha :- kaliyuga ke anta meM manuSya machalI Adi kA bhakSaNa karane vAle aura nagna hI hoNge| rAma evaM janaka zuddha zAkAhArI the 'na mAMsaM rAghavo bhuMkte / ' - ( vA0 rAmAyaNa, 36/41 ) artha:-zrIrAma mAMsa nahIM khaate| 'nivRtta-mAMsastu tatrabhavAn janaka: / ' - ( bhavabhUti, 4/1 ) artha H- AdaraNIya janaka mahArAja mAMsa-parityAgI hai / ** munijana saMyamI evaM pavitra jIvana vAle hote haiM madhu mAMsaM ca ye nityaM varjayantIha dhArmikAH / janmaprabhRti madyaM ca, sarve te munayaH smRtAH / / ' - ( mahAbhArata, anuzAsanaparva, 70 ) artha -- jo dhArmika sajjana loga kabhI bhI zahada, mA~sa evaM zarAba (nazAkAraka vastuoM) kA sevana nahIM karate; unakA AjIvana tyAga karate haiM; ve hI 'muni' mAne gaye haiM / ** prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara 198 OO 63

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guru-vandanA (paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ko samarpita) -DaoN0 kapUracaMda jaina he yugasRSTA ! he yugAkrAnta ! he yugadRSTA ! he yugapradhAna ! he yugadAtA ! he yugaprabodha ! pAtA tumameM hai jagat bodha / he dharmarUpa ! he dharmajanaka ! tuma jaisA jaga meM kauna kanaka? he dharmasAra ! he granthasAra ! he grantha-praNetA ! bAra-bAra ! he dharma-divAkara ! dharmavIra ! he karmanAzasta ! karmavIra ! he niSkalaMka nikAma-kAma ! ho jagatItala ke tuma llaam| ratnatraya tumameM pA vikAsa, dazadharmoM ne pAyA prakAza / SadravyamayI tava vizadarUpa, dik-ambara vaatrsn-svruup|| svAtantrya vastu ke udghoSaka, jIvana-svataMtratA avbodhk| pAte vidyA meM sukha ananta, ho isIlie vidyAnanda / / 'prAkRtabhASA' ke tuma gAyaka, ho 'zaurasenI' ke unnaayk| karate haiM tumako saba vandana, mere bhI lo zata-zata vndn|| mere bhI lo zata-zata vandana ! jinapUjA kA phala 'yatsukhaM triSu lokeSu vyAdhi-vyasana-varjitam / ____ abhayaM kSemamArogyaM svastirastu vidhAyine / / ' artha:-(yatsukhaM) jo sukha (vyAdhivyasanavarjitam) vyAdhi se evaM vyasana se rahita (triSu lokeSu) tInoM lokoM meM hotA hai, vaha sukha (abhayaM) bhayarahita (Arogya) Arogya-yukta (vidhAyane) isa zubha kArya karanevAle ko (kSemaM) kalyANaprada ho| 0064 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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sthAyI stambha : kra. 16 samayasAra ke pATha -- DaoN0 sudIpa jaina prastuta stambha meM samayasAra ke pAThoM kI una bhUloM kI ora dhyAnAkarSita kiyA jA rahA hai, jo ki Adhunika sampAdakoM/prakAzakoM kI asAvadhAnI athavA mUlapATha na dekhane kI pravRtti athavA mAtra prakAzanaruci se 'makSikAsthAne makSikAnikSepa : ' kI vRtti se chapane ke kAraNa 'samayasAra' ke katipaya prakAzita saMskaraNoM meM A gayI hai / aura jinake kAraNa paramajJAnI AcArya kundakunda ke 'samayasAra' kI svarUpahAni ho rahI hai| unakA pariSkAra evaM AcArya kundakunda ke zuddha mUlapAThoM kA prastutIkaraNa hI isa stambha kA ekamAtra lakSya hai| 1 - sampAdaka 'samayasAra' ke 'puNya-pApa adhikAra' meM Agata gAthA - kramAMka 147 (A0 amRcandra kI TIkA ke gAthAkramAnusAra yaha kramAMka hai, jayasenAcAryakRta TIkA ke gAthAkramAnusAra isakA gAthA kra0154 hai) meM eka pATha AtA hai 'saMsaggiM' / isa pATha ko sabhI prakAzita saMskaraNoM meM (mAtra kundakunda bhAratI prakAzana ko chor3akara) 'saMsaggaM' kara diyA gayA hai; isameM se antya 'I' varNa ke sthAna para akArAdeza kara diyA gayA hai| yaha kyoM huA? aura isase kyA ha huI? - isa carcA ke pUrva sarvaprathama yaha pATha mUlagAthA meM dekheM "tamhA du kusIlehi ya rAgaM mA kAhi mA va saMsaggiM / sAdhINo hi viNAso kusIla - saMsaggi - rAgeNa / / " artha:-isaliye zubha aura azubha ina donoM kuzIloM ke sAtha rAga mata karo tathA saMsarga bhI mata karo; kyoMki kuzIla ke sAtha saMsarga aura rAga karane se svAdhIna - sukha kA vinAza hotA hai| - amRtacandrAcAryakRta 'AtmakhyAti' TIkA: - "kuzIla zuzAzubhakarmabhyAM saha rAga-saMsargau pratiSiddhI baMdhahetutvAt kuzIla- manoramAmanorama - kareNukuTTinI- rAga-saMsargavat / " jayasenAcAryakRta 'tAtparyavRtti' TIkA :- "tamhA du kusIlehi ya rAgaM mA kAhi mA va saMsaggiM - tasmAt kAraNAt kuzIlaiH kutsitaiH zubhAzubhakarmabhi: saha cittagatarAgaM mA kuru, bahiraMgavacana-kAyagata-saMsargaM ca mA kuru / " yaha 'saMsaggi' pada isake Age kI do gAthAoM ( gAthA krao 148 evaM 149 ) meM bhI AyA hai| yadyapi saMskRta meM isakA rUpAntara 'saMsarga' diyA hai, kintu use vizeSataH vyAkhyAyita karate huye 'kutsita' artha ko spaSTa donoM TIkAkAroM ne kiyA hai / jahA~ amRtacandrAcArya ne ise 'kareNu-kuTTinI ke saMsarga' ke rUpa meM kahA hai, vahIM jayasenAcArya ne ise 'bahiraMga prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara '98 65

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vacanagata evaM kAyagata saMsarga' batAyA hai| ___ vastuta: 'saMsarga' kA prAkRtarUpAntaraNa saMsagga' hotA hai; kintu usa sAmAnya 'saMsarga' zabda kA abhiprAya 'saMgama, mela-milApa, saha astitva yA ghaniSTha sambandha, (draSTavya, ApTekRta 'saMskRta-hindI koza', pR0 1050) hI prAya: hotA hai| isakA 'kusaMgati' yA 'khoTA samparka' rUpa artha ko vizeSata: vyaMjita karane ke lie hI yahA~ 'saMsaggi' zabda kA sodezika prayoga AcArya kundakundadeva ne kiyA thaa| kyoMki ve zubhAzubha bhAvoM ko 'kuzIla' kI saMjJA de rahe haiM, ata: kutsita-zIlavAloM kI saMgati to 'satsaMgati' kadApi nahIM ho sakatI hai| isI tathya ko vizeSata: spaSTa karane ke lie yahA~ 'saMsaggi' zabda kA soddezika prayoga kiyA gayA hai| kyoMki isakA artha prAkRtabhASA meM 'kutsita' artha meM hI liyA gayA hai| yaha koI svaprayukta upAlambha nahIM hai, apitu anekatra isake pramANa prApta hote haiN| yathA 1. 'abhidhAna rAjendra koza' (bhAga 7, pRSTha 244) meM 'saMsaggi' ke bAre meM likhA hai ki yaha 'saMsargika' zabda kA prAkRtarUpa hai, tathA yaha pulliMga hai| isakA abhiprAya nimnAnusAra batAyA gayA hai--"kuzIlAdi-saMsargi nissiddhaa| maithunasamparka-strIpusaMsargavizeSarUpatvAt saMsargajatvAt sNsrgiityucyte|" yahIM para spaSTa kiyA hai ki 'saMsarga' zabda ko hI vizeSa artha meM prAkRtabhASA meM 'saMsaggi' kahate haiM--"prAkRtatvAt saMsargaH" / 2. pAia-sadda-mahaNNavo' (pRSTha 854) para isakA artha 'saMbaMdha, saMgati yA sohabata' diyA gayA hai tathA anya kisI prAkRta-grantha kA uddharaNa bhI diyA gayA hai, jisameM 'saMsaggiM' pada kA hI prayoga kiyA gayA hai| ___3. 'zabdakalpadruma' (bhAga 5, pRSTha 205) meM isa zabda kA artha 'saMsarga-viziSTa' kiyA gayA hai tathA saMsargo'smAstIti ini:" vyutpatti ke anusAra saMsarga' zabda meM 'ini' pratyaya kA prayoga karake isa zabda kI siddhi batAyI gayI hai| sAtha hI ve spaSTa karate haiM ki "viSNu-vyAsa-jAbAlavacanaiH sAmAnyena pApiSThasaMsargI prANI bhavati iti pratipAdanAt saMsarga pApiSThasyApi saMsargI pApayukto bhavatIti ebhireva prtipaaditm|" / 'samayasAra' ke hI eka anya TIkAkAra AcArya bAlacandra adhyAtmI ne apanI kannar3a TIkA meM bhI 'saMsaggi' ko hI mUlapATha mAnate huye isake artha ke rUpa meM jayasenAcAryakRta TIkA ke zabdoM ko hI svIkRta kiyA hai tathA "saMsaggiM - bahiraMgavacana-kAyagatasaMsarga" --aisA spaSTa likhA hai| yaha atyanta kheda kI bAta hai ki tAr3apatrIya pratiyoM meM upalabdha AcArya kundakunda ke isa soddezika prayoga 'saMsaggi' ko prAya: sabhI vidvAnoM/sampAdakoM/prakAzakoM ne saMsaggaM' banA diyA hai, jo ki 'saMsarga' zabda kI tukAnta pariNati hai| isameM vaha arthagaurava bhI surakSita nahIM hai, jo ki 'saMsaggi' pada meM hai| vastuta: AcArya kundakunda ne puNya evaM pApa 0066 prAkRtavidyA+ aktUbara-disambara'98

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108 - donoM karmoM evaM unake pariNAmoM (bhAvoM) kI sahacaratA/saMgati kI nikRSTatA sUcita karane ke lie hI yahA~ 'saMsaggi' pada kA vizeSa prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| loka meM bhI arthavizeSa ko sUcita karane ke lie padavizeSa kA prayoga anivArya mAnA jAtA hai| yathA- bhojana karane ke lie madhyabhArata meM 'jIma lo, khA lo, hsa lo' -ye tIna prayoga milate haiM, kiMtu tInoM ke artha bhinna haiN| jahA~ 'jIma lo' kA prayoga hotA hai, vahA~ prabhUta AdarabhAva hai| jahA~ 'khA lo' kA prayoga hotA hai, vahA~ sAmAnya vyavahAra liyA jAtA hai| kiMtu usI kArya ke lie 'hsa lo' kA prayoga atyanta nikRSTa bhAvanA, upekSA evaM tiraskAra kI sUcanA detA hai| aisA hI viziSTa nikRSTatAsUcaka prayoga 'saMsaggi' hai, jise sabhI saMskaraNoM meM saMsagga' banA diyA gayA hai; ekamAtra kundakunda bhAratI dvArA prakAzita 'samayasAra' kA saMskaraNa, jo ki atyanta prAmANika saMpAdana-vidhi se nirmita hai, meM hI 'saMsaggi' yaha mUlapATha suvicArita dRSTi se vAstavika evaM AdhArayukta hone se diyA gayA hai| isakI puSTi ke lie isake anekoM saMskaraNoM meM upalabdha pATha yahA~ draSTavya haiMprakAzana upalabdha pATha pRSTha saMkhyA gujarAtI saMskaraNa saMsaggaM 240 jJAnapITha prakAzana saMsaggaM je0ela0 jainI (aMgrejI saMskaraNa) saMsaggaM 92 'paM0 pannAlAla sAhityAcArya (varNI graMthamAlA) saMsagaM kAraMjA (marAThI saMskaraNa) saMsaggaM 228 sahajAnaMda saMskaraNa saMsaggaM 275 ahiMsA maMdira, dillI saMsaggaM 211 nijAnaMda jaina graMthamAlA saMsaggaM 78 jJAnasAgara jI kI TIkA saMsaggaM 133 rAjacaMdra graMthamAlA, agAsa saMsaggaM paM0 gajAdharalAla jI kannar3a saMskaraNa saMsaggaM 249 kundakunda kahAna TrasTa 247 kalakattA saMskaraNa saMsaggaM 250 kannar3a tAr3apatrIya prati saMsaggiM 182 bra0 zItalaprasAda jI saMsaggaM 133 _ AcArya bAlacandra adhyAtmIkRta kannar3a TIkA vAlI mUr3abadrI prati meM bhI 'saMsaggi' pATha hI mUla gAthA va TIkA meM upalabdha hai| vastuta: bhASAtattva kA jJAna evaM saMpAdanakalA meM niSNAta na hone se mAtra saMzodhaka 162 211 saMsaggaM 83 saMsaggaM prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 1067

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(prUpharIDara) stara ke satahI vidvAn jaba AcAryoM ke graMthoM kA sampAdana karane lagate haiM, taba aise hI saMzodhanoM se graMthoM ke mUlapATha badale jAte haiM tathA mUla abhiprAya dhIre-dhIre lupta hone lagatA hai| Aja kI tathAkathita zAstrI-pariSadoM evaM vidvatpariSadoM ke paNDitoM ko hamAre AcAryoM kI 'zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA' kA ka-kha-ga bhI nahIM AtA hai tathA kaI to isakA nAma bhI nahIM jAnate haiM; taba inase prAmANika saMpAdana ho pAnA evaM mUlapAThoM kI surakSA ho sakanA kaise saMbhava hai? inake ajJAna ke kAraNa vikRta huye pAThoM ko yadi koI vidvAn mUlapratiyoM evaM pramANoM ke AdhAra para puna: mUlAnugAmI banAye, to ye 'zAstroM meM pherabadala' kA nArA bulaMda karake use apamAnita karane meM nahIM cUkate haiN| jinheM svayaM ko to kucha AtA nahIM, aura dUsaroM kA apavAda karane meM sadaiva aguA (agraNI) rahanevAle aise tathAkathita vidvAnoM kI jamAta se kaise nipaTA jAye? --yaha samAja ke lie vicAraNIya viSaya hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai ki jaba kurAna ko musalamAna mUlabhASA urdU yA arabI' meM hI par3hate-sIkhate bolate haiM tathA usake lie pratyeka musalamAna ko vaha bhASA anivAryata: sIkhanI hotI hai; hiMdU dharmagraMtha 'saMskRta' evaM veda 'chAndas' meM hI par3he-sIkhe jAte haiM, unako par3hane ke lie yaha bhASA sIkhanA anivArya hotA hai| isIprakAra anya vividha dharmoM evaM sampradAyoM meM apanI-apanI bhASA ke jJAna kI anivAryatA hai| zvetAmbara jaina sAdhu, sAdhvI, samaNiyA~ Adi bhI anivAryata: 'ardhamAgadhI' prAkRta sIkhate haiN| taba digambara jaina sampradAya kI mUlabhASA 'zaurasenI prAkRta' isa varga ke sAdhuoM va vidvAnoM ko anivAryata: kyoM nahIM sikhAyI jAtI? kyA yaha hamArI apane mUlagraMthoM ko upekSita karane kI kupravRtti nahIM hai| merA to samAja se nivedana hai ki jaba taka koI vyakti ise vidhivat sIkha na le, taba taka use sAdhu-dIkSA hI nahIM dI jAnI cAhiye tathA paNDita ko zAstrasabhA kI gaddI para baiThane yA graMtha-sampAdana kA adhikAra nahIM honA caahiye| anyathA ye hamAre AgamagraMthoM kA mUlasvarUpa vikRta kiye binA nahIM rheNge| hamArI bhASA va mUla pratipAdya ko jainetaroM va hamase vidveSa karanevAloM se itanA khatarA nahIM hai, jitanA ki isa bhASA se anabhijJa hamAre hI sAdhuoM va paNDitoM se hai| kyoMki vidveSI to hamArI bhASA ke bAre meM adhika se adhika 'apalApa' hI kareMge yA upekSA kareMge; jisase isake mUlapATha va abhiprAya vikRta nahIM hoNge| kiMtu hamArI zaurasenI-prAkRta-viSayaka ajJAnatA se hI hamAre graMthoM ke mUlapATha Aja taka vikRta huye haiM aura yadi hama samaya rahate nahIM sudhare, to Age bhI yaha vikRti kI paramparA calatI rhegii| __vicAra kareM ki kyA hama apane AcAryoM kI isa amUlya dharohara ke prati vastuta: gambhIra haiM, yA mAtra use Dhoka (praNAma) dekara apane kartavya kI itizrI' kara lenA cAhate haiM? dhyAna rahe, yadi hama samaya rahate nahIM sudhare/sAvadhAna huye; to Age Ane vAlI pIr3hI 0068 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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hameM kabhI mApha nahIM karegI tathA isa zatAbdI ke ina bhASA-upekSAkArI vidvAnoM ko zAstroM, AmnAya evaM mUla abhiprAya kA sarvAdhika ghAtaka' kahA jaayegaa| kyoMki isakA jo aniSTa sahasrAbdiyoM meM nahIM huA, vaha ina tathAkathita paNDitoM evaM inheM protsAhana dene vAle zramaNavarga ke dvArA bIsavIM zatAbdI meM hone jA rahA hai| Aja AvazyakatA hai ki hama samaya rahate sAvadhAna ho jAyeM, tathA pUrI zatAbdI meM huI asAvadhAnI ko zatAbdI ke aMtima caraNa meM 'zaurasenI prAkRta' ko sIkhakara sudhAra leM tathA aMta bhalA so bhalA' kI ukti ko jIvana meM caritArtha kareM - aisA vinamra anurodha sAdhuvarga, vidvajjanoM evaM sampUrNa samAja se hai| 'samayasAra ke pATha' nAmaka isa stambha ke mAdhyama se aise pAThoM kA kramaza: sapramANa vistRta vivecana isI dRSTi ko jAgRta karane ke lie kiyA jA rahA hai, aura Age bhI hotA rhegaa| aise saMsAra se palAyana hI jIvana hai 'rAjA rAkSasa-rUpeNa vyAghrarUpeNa mantriNaH / lokAzcitrarUpeNa ya: palAyati sa jiivti||' artha:-jahA~ para zAsaka rAkSasarUpa se hai, mantrI vyAghrarUpa se hai aura prajA ke loka citra se hai, vahA~ se jo bhAga jAtA hai, vahI jIvita rahatA hai| .. prajA kI bhalAI-burAI kA sArA bhAra zAsaka ke Upara hotA hai| yadi zAsaka sadAcArI evaM nyAyazIla hotA hai, to prajA meM bhI ye sAre guNa kramaza: utara jAte haiN| ** nirogI kauna? 'naro hitAhAravihArasevI, samIkSyAkArI viSayeSvasaktaH / dAtA sama: satyapara: kSamAvanAptopasevI ca bhvtyrogH||' artha:-hita-mita AhAra aura vihAra kA sevana karanevAlA, vicArapUrvaka kArya karanevAlA, kAma-krodhAdi viSayoM para Asakta na rahanevAlA, dAna denevAlA, sabhI prANiyoM para samatA dRSTi rakhanevAlA, satyaniSTha, sahanazaktiyukta aura Apta puruSoM kI sevA karanevAlA manuSya rogarahita hokara sadA sukhI rahatA hai| vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA mahattva "nyAyazAstra aura vyAkaraNazAstra par3hane vAloM kI bhI talI kA baila, cillAtA huA meMDhA' Adi dRSTAntoM dvArA khilliyA~ ur3AI jAtI thIM; kintu ye saba mUrkhatA ke yuga aba nahIM rahe haiN| vicAravAn parIkSaka ukta upahAsoM se nahIM ghabar3A kara bahuta kucha Age bar3ha gaye haiN| aura apanA dhyeya bhI prApta kara liyA hai|" -paM0 mANikacaMdra kaundeya, nyAyAcArya, dharmaphala siddhAnta, pRSTha 35 ** prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 1069

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jainadarzana ke pratIka purAvazeSa - DaoN0 kastUracandra 'sumana' bhAratIya saMskRti ke sampUrNa kSetroM meM jinadharmAnuyAyiyoM kA samarpita ananya yogadAna rahA hai| cAhe vaha vividha viSayoM ke sAhitya-nirmANa kA kSetra ho, yA cauMsaTha kalAoM kA; sabhI meM unhoMne apane yogadAna se rASTra kA sAMskRtika gaurava bar3hAyA hai| isI krama meM zilpakalA' ke kSetra meM viziSTa evaM sodezika prayogoM se bharapUra katipaya purAvazeSoM kA vargIkRta paricaya evaM samIkSaNa yahA~ prastuta kiyA gayA hai| isa viSaya meM jo dRSTikoNa lekhaka ne apanAyA hai, vaha anyatra bhI anukaraNIya hai / -sampAdaka jainadarzana sAhitya kA hI viSaya nahIM rahA hai / kalAkAroM ne use 'kalA' kA viSaya bhI banAyA hai| 'zilpakalA' ke mAdhyama se jainadarzana ke siddhAntoM ko samajhane / samajhAne kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| rAjasthAna aisI kalA meM agraNI rahA pratIta hotA hai / zrImahAvIrajI sthita 'dillIvAlI dharmazAlA' ke pichale prAMgaNa meM vidyamAna aise kalAvazeSoM kA paricaya nimnaprakAra hai: 1 1. karma-prakRti stambha jaina-graMthoM meM jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura antarAya --ye ATha karma aura ina ATha karmoM kI kramaza: 5, 9, 2, 28, 4, 93, 2 aura 5. isaprakAra kula 148 uttara - prakRtiyA~ kahI gayI haiM / - prastuta saMgrahAlaya meM pazcimAbhimukha 40 iMca U~cA aura 101/2 iMca caur3A eka aisA caukora prastara-phalaka hai, jise sImeMTa se choTI dIvAra meM lagA diyA hai| isa phalaka ko tIna bhAgoM meM darzAyA gayA hai| madhyabhAga meM 7 iMca avagAhanA meM nirmita tIna pratimAyeM khaDgAsanastha virAjamAna haiN| ina pratimAoM ke UparI bhAga meM 5 iMca avagAhanAvAlI tIna pratimAyeM padmAsanastha bhI aMkita haiM / madhyavartI pratimAoM kI dAyIM bAyIM ora bhI 3-3 pratimAyeM padmAsanastha tathA unake pAsa 'padmAsana mudrA' meM aMkita 12-12 pratimAyeM vidyamAna haiN| isaprakAra eka ora kula 36 pratimAyeM aMkita haiN| isa aMza kI uttarAbhimukhI 12 pratimAoM se jJAta hotA hai ki aisI racanA stambha ke cAroM ora rahI hai / stambha kA UparI aMza nahIM hai| anumAnata: usameM cAroM dizAoM meM eka - eka arhanta-pratimA virAjamAna rahI hai| isaprakAra eka ora 37 tathA cAroM ora 148 pratimAyeM nirmita rahI haiN| pratimAoM kI isa saMkhyA se hamArA dhyAna jainadarzana ke karma - siddhAnta kI ora AkarSita hotA hai| saMbhavata: kalAkAra kA mantavya kalA ke mAdhyama se jana-jana ko jainadarzana ke pramukha siddhAntoM se 1. AcArya jinasena, harivaMzapurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, parva 58, zloka 233 se 282 / prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara 98 00 70

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paricita karAnA tathA karmoM se mukti kI ora prerita karanA rahA hai| yaha avazeSa saMgrahaNIya hai| isakA nirmANa retIle, dezI, bhUre pASaNa se huA hai| 2. tiresaTha karma-prakRtinAzaka arhanta AdinAtha ___isa pratimA kA nirmANa balue bhUre pASaNa se huA hai| 'padmAsana-mudrA' meM isa pratimA kI UMcAI 58 iMca aura caur3AI 32 iMca hai| sarvopari bhAga meM vAdya lie dundubhivAdaka aura usake nIce kramaza: AkAra meM bar3e hote hue tIna chatra aMkita kiye gaye haiN| pRSThabhAga meM vartulAkAra, kalApUrNa bhAmaNDala darzAyA gayA hai| pratimA ko kezarAzi kA aMkana kuSANakAla ke samAna huA hai| donoM skaMdhoM para 3-3 kezAvaliyA~ laTaka rahI haiN| ye AdinAtha ke ugra aura dIrghakAlIna tapazcaraNa kI pratIka haiN| pratimA ke netra, nAsikA, mukha kSarita ho gaye haiN| gale meM 'trivalI' darzAI gayI haiM tathA nAbhi kI gaharAI AdinAtha ke gAmbhIrya kA pratIka hai| karatala khaNDita hai| dAyeM paira ke ghuTane kA aMza bhI bhaMjita hai| Asana ke madhya 'dharmacakra' aura 'cakra' kI donoM ora cihna-svarUpa vRSabha aMkita rahA hai| alaMkaraNa-svarUpa sAmane kI ora mukha kiye do siMha aMkita kiye gaye haiN| ___isa pratimA ke sarvopari bhAga meM dasa pratimAyeM padmAsana banIM hoMgI, jinameM se aba dasavIM pratimA nahIM hai| usakA phalaka TUTakara naSTa ho gayA hai| dUsare khaNDa meM padmAsanastha ATha pratimAeM haiM aura tIsare khaNDa meM caar| cauthe evaM pA~cave khaNDa meM donoM aura do-do pratimAyeM 'padmAsana-mudrA' meM aMkita kI gayI haiN| inake nIce donoM ora do-do pratimAyeM khaDgAsana-mudrA' meM bhI aMkita haiN| ina khaDgAsana-pratimAoM ke nIce donoM ora eka-eka padmAsanastha pratimA bhI virAjamAna hai| isake nIce donoM ora eka-eka ca~varavAhI deva sevArata khar3A hai| bAyIM ora eka ke nIce eka padmAsanastha teraha pratimAyeM haiN| dasavIM pratimA kI dA~yI ora eka pratimA kAyotsarga-mudrA' meM aMkita kI gayI hai| isIprakAra mUlanAyaka pratimA kI dAyIM ora ca~varavAhI indra ke UparI bhAga meM eka padmAsanastha pratimA aura usake Upara kAyotsarga-mudrA' meM do pratimAe~ aMkita kI gayI haiN| dA~yI ora phalaka ke Adi meM UparI bhAga ke nIce 13 padamAsanastha pratimAyeM bhI darzAyI gaI haiN| isI ora dasavIM pratimA ke pAsa eka pratimA kAyotsarga-mudrA' meM bhI aMkita hai| isaprakAra sampUrNa phalaka meM kula pA~ca pratimAyeM kAyotsarga-mudrA' meM aura aTThAvana 'padmAsana-mudrA' meM pradarzita haiN| dAyIM ora 'gomukha yakSa' hai, kiMtu isakA mu~ha gAya ke samAna nahIM hokara, mAnavAkRti lie hai| isake gale meM eka nalI-hAra hai| Asana ke madhya meM aMkita cihna-svarUpa vRSabha ke paira mAtra zeSa bace haiN| isa phalaka meM aMkita pratimAoM kI tiresaTha saMkhyA arhanta-parameSThI se sambandhita haiN| deva-zAstra-guru pUjA' meM pratidina par3hane meM AtA hai karmana kI tresaTha prakRti nAzi, jIte aSTAdaza-doSarAzi / jo parama suguNa haiM anaMta dhIra, kahavata ke chayAlisa guNa gaMbhIra / / prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 9071

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arthAt arhanta parameSThI ghAtiyA karmoM kI (jJAnAvaraNa-5, darzanAvaraNa-9, mohanIya-28, antarAya-5) 47 aura aghAtiyA karmoM kI solaha (narakagati, tiryaJcagati, narakagatyAnupUrvI, tiryaMcagatyAnupUrvI, ekendriya, dvIndriya, tri-indriya, cau-indriya, udyota, Atapa, sthAvara, sAdhAraNa, sUkSma --ye nAmakarma kI teraha aura naraka, tiryaMca tathA devAyu se Ayukarma kI tIna) -isaprakAra kula tresaTha karma-prakRtiyoM ko ko naSTa karate haiN| prastuta phalaka meM aMkita tiresaTha-saMkhyaka pratimAe~ saMbhavata: isI tathya kI pratIka hai| arhanta ne ghAti-aghAti karmoM kI ukta tiresaTha karma-prakRtiyoM kA nAza kiyA hai| paMca-parameSThiyoM meM tiresaTha karmaprakRtiyoM kA nAza kara ve hI prathama parameSThI' pada prApta kara sake haiN| koI bhI tapasvI ina tiresaTha karmaprakRtiyoM kA nAza kara 'arhantapada' prApta kara sakatA hai| jIvoddhArakalA-pratIka 'supArzvanAtha-phalaka' dillIvAsI dharmazAlA meM tIsarA pratIkAtmaka phalaka hai tIrthaMkara supArzvanAtha pratimA kaa| isakA nirmANa balue bhUre dezI pASANa se ulTe arddhacandrAkAra meM huA hai| isakI U~cAI 17 iMca hai| UparI bhAga meM hI tIna khaNDoM meM chatra kI sthiti darzAI gayI hai| isI bhAga meM gaMdhakuTiyA~ haiN| madhyavartI gaMdhakuTI meM chaha iMca avagAhanA meM eka padmAsanastha pratimA nirmita kI gayI hai| isa pratimA kA karatala-bhAga khaNDita hai| isa madhyavartI gaMdhakuTI' kI dAyIM-bAyIM ora nirmita gaMdhakuTiyoM meM eka-eka choTI khaDgAsanastha pratimA bhI aMkita kI gayI hai| isaprakAra isa bhAga meM tIna pratimAeM haiN| ___ phalaka kI madhyavartI racanA ko chaha khaMDoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| mUlanAyaka pratimA 'padmAsana-mudrA' meM UparI prathamakhaNDa meM virAjamAna hai| isakA mu~ha chila gayA hai| isakI U~cAI lagabhaga ATha iMca hai| sira para pA~ca phaNoMvalI rahI pratIta hotI haiN| isa phaNAvalI se pratimA tIrthaMkara supArzvanAtha kI kahI jA sakatI hai| pratimA ke pIche vartulAkAra 'bhAmaNDala' darzAyA gayA hai| isa bhAmaNDala se do latAyeM udita hotI huI bhI nirmita haiN| pratimA 'zrIvatsa-cihna' se maNDita hai| hatheliyA~ aura paira chile hue haiN| mUlanAyaka pratimA kI dAyIM bAyIM donoM ora tIna-tIna pratimAyeM gaMdhakuTiyoM meM padmAsana-mudrA' meM aMkita haiN| isa racanA kI donoM ora do-do bhAga haiN| Upara bhAga meM donoM ora madhya meM eka padmAsanastha aura usakI donoM ora eka-eka kAyotsarga-dhyAnastha pratimA bhI virAjamAna rahI hai; eka ora kI khaDgAsanastha pratimA aba nahIM hai| isIprakAra nicale bhAga meM donoM ora madhya meM do-do padmAsana pratimAyeM tathA unakI donoM ora eka-eka khaDgAsana-pratimA virAjamAna hai| isaprakAra isa madhyavartI khaMDa taka kula 9+6+8=23 pratimAe~ haiN| nicale bhAga meM cAra khaNDa haiN| pratyeka khaNDa meM gyAraha-gyAraha padmAsana pratimAyeM hone se isa bhAga meM kula cavAlIsa pratimAyeM haiN| aMtima gyAraha pratimAoM kI donoM ora eka-eka 'gaMdhakuTI' nirmita hai| inameM madhya meM 0072 prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara'98

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padmAsana tathA usakI donoM ora eka-eka khaDgAsana pratimA hai| isa sampUrNa phalaka meM 59 pratimAe~ padmAsana-mudrA meM tathA 13 pratimAyeM 'kAyotsarga-mudrA' meM aMkita hai| eka kAyotsarga-mudrAvAlI pratimA kA pASANa hI zeSa nahIM hai, kintu itarabhAga kI racanA se usake vidyamAna rahane kA sahaja hI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| yaha phalaka pazcimAbhimukha eka lAla dIvAla meM khacita hai| prastuta phalaka meM bahattara pratimAoM kA aMkana bahattara kalAoM kA pratIka hai| kahA bhI jAtA hai- "kalA bahattara puruSa kI, tAmeM do siradAra / eka jIva kI jIvikA, eka jiiv-uddhaar||" ___ isa dohe ke Aloka meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki isa phalaka ke mAdhyama se zilpakAra ne bhavya jIvoM ko yaha samajhAne kA prayatna kiyA hai ki pratyeka saMsArI saMsAra meM meM saMsaraNa karatA huA jIvikA kA dhyAna rakhatA hai; kintu ve jIva dhanya haiM, jo apanA AtmoddhAra kiyA karate haiN| AtmoddhAra hI zreSTha kalA hai| jo puruSa usameM pAraMgata haiM, ve hI isa saMsAra-sAgara se pAra hue haiN| __ prastuta phalaka meM yadyapi Aja bahattara pratimAeM haiM; kintu phalaka kI racanA se tihattara pratimAoM ke hone kA sahaja hI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| Upara bhAga meM dAyIM ora madhya meM eka padamAsanastha aura usakI donoM aura eka-eka kAyotsarga-mudrA meM aMkita pratimA se isI krama meM aisI hI tIna pratimAe~ bAyIM aura bhI rahI haiN| isa ora ke zilAkhaNDa kA chora lagatA hai TUTa gayA hai, jisa bhAga meM eka kAyotsarga-mudrA' meM arhanta- pratimA aMkita rahI hai| isa phalaka meM mUlanAyaka pratimA jIvoddhAra kalA kI tathA zeSa pratimAe~ bahattara kalAoM kI sUcaka haiN| ___ yaha phalaka eka choTI lAla patthara se nirmita dIvAra para pazcimAbhimukha khacita hai| aise avazeSa zIta, dhUpa aura varSAyoM se saMbhAvita hAniyoM se surakSita rakhe jAnA caahiye| AzA hai kisI surakSita bhavana meM unheM sthAna diyA jaayegaa| divyadhvani 'kerisA sA 'divvajhuNI' savva bhAsAsarUvA akkharANakkharappiyA, annNttth-gbbhbiiypddhriy-sriiraa||' -(AcArya vIrasena, jayadhavala, bhA0 1, pR0 116) / artha:--vaha divyadhvani kisa prakAra kI hai? vaha sarva bhASAsvarUpa hai| akSarAtmaka, anakSarAtmaka hai; anaMta artha haiM garbha meM jisake aise bIjapadoM se nirmita zarIravAlI hai arthAt usameM bIjapadoM kA samudAya hai| ** prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0073

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AcAryazrI ke saMkalana se...... ___-prastuti : DaoN0 sudIpa jaina jaina AcAra-vyavasthA meM sallekhanA' yA 'samAdhimaraNa' kA ativiziSTa mahattva mAnA gayA hai| ise 'niSpratikAra maraNa' bhI kahA gayA hai arthAt jaba zarIra ke upacAra kA koI sAttvika sAdhana/prakriyA saMbhava na raha jAye tathA maraNa sunizcita pratIta hone lage, taba samyakarUpa se 'kAya' (zarIra) aura kaSAya' ko kRza (kamajora) karane ke lie tathA Atmika svAsthya ke saMrakSaNa ke lie jo prakriyA apanAyI jAtI hai; use 'sallekhanA' yA 'samAdhimaraNa' kahA jAtA hai| aisI avasthA prApta hone para nirantara upayoga dharmadhyAna meM banA rahe --isa dRSTi se anekoM mAMgalika stutiyA~, vairAgyaprada gItiyA~, AdhyAtmika bhajana evaM dhyAnaparaka maMtroM kA svayaM evaM samAgata dharmAnurAgI bhAI-bahinoM dvArA zAMtabhAva se gAna/uccAraNa kiyA jAtA hai; tAki sallekhanA' grahaNa karanevAle jIva kA citta saMsAra se virakta hokara, zarIra kI mamatA chor3akara Atmastha ho ske| vyAkulatA dUrakara zAMtipUrvaka dehatyAga kI yaha anupama vidhi hai| - isameM par3he/gAye jAne vAle bhajanoM, AdhyAtmika pAThoM va stutiyoM se to prAya: jana paricita haiM, kintu isa sthiti meM jape/sunAye jAne vAle maMtroM kA bodha prAya: adhikAMza janoM ko nahIM hai| isI dRSTi se pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ke nijI saMkalana ke rUpa meM unake hastalikhita noTsa meM se aise maMtroM ke parizuddha pATha yahA~ diye jA rahe haiN| OM hrIM arha Namo jiNANaM / / 1 / / artha:--yahA~ para 'OM' sukhabIja hai, 'hrIM' kalyANabIja hai tathA 'ahaM' brahmabIja hai| ina tInoM bIjoM se yukta jinendra bhagavantoM ko namaskAra hai| (vizeSa:---uparyukta Adya tInoM bIjAkSara Age ke maMtroM meM bhI jur3akara prayukta hoNge|) Namo ohijiNANaM / / 2 / / artha:--avadhijJAna (bhUtanaigamanaya kI apekSA se) yukta jinendra bhagavaMtoM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo paramohijiNANaM / / 3 / / artha:-paramAvadhijJAna-yukta jinendra bhagavantoM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo savvohijiNANaM / / 4 / / artha:-sarvAvadhijJAna ke dhAraka jinendra bhagavantoM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo aNaMtohijiNANaM / / 5 / / artha: anaMtAvadhijJAna ke dhAraka jinendra bhagavantoM ke lie namaskAra hai| (vizeSa:--avadhi-paramAvadhi-sarvAvadhi - ye tIna bheda to avadhijJAna ke haiM, kiMtu 'anantAvadhi' ke nAma se avadhijJAna kA koI bheda nahIM hai| ata: yaha 'jisa jJAnasvabhAva kI 0074 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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avadhi/maryAdA ananta hai, aise jJAna ke dhAraka jinendra bhagavaMta' - aisA artha lenA caahiye|) Namo koTThabuddhINaM / / 6 / / / artha:-'koSThabuddhi' (nAmaka Rddhi) ke dhAraka jinendra bhagavantoM ko namaskAra hai| Namo bIjabuddhINaM / / 7 / / artha:-'bIjabuddhi' (eka bIjapada se aneka padArthoM ke jJAna meM samartha) ke dhAraka jinendra bhagavantoM ko namaskAra hai| Namo pAdANusArINaM / / 8 / / artha:-'padAnusArI' (eka pada ke artha ko sunakara pUre grantha ke artha ko samajha lenA) Rddhi ke dhArI jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo saMbhiNNasodarANaM / / 9 / / artha:-'saMbhinna-zrotRtva' (sabhI zabdoM ko eka kAla meM suna sakanA) Rddhi ke dhArI jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo sayaMbuddhANaM / / 10 / / artha:--svayaMbuddha (jo svayaM hI vairAgya leM) jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo patteyabuddhANaM / / 11 / / artha:--pratyeka buddha (jo vairAgyakAraNa dekhakara virakta hoM) jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo bohidabuddhANaM / / 12 / / artha:-bodhitabuddha (dUsaroM ke eka bAra samajhAne mAtra se samajha jAne vAle) jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo rijumadINaM / / 13 / / artha: Rtumati mana:paryAyajJAna ke dhArI jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo vivulamadINaM / / 14 / / artha:-vipulamati-mana:paryayajJAna ke dhAraka jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo dasapuvINaM / / 15 / / artha:--dazapUrvajJAna ke dhAraka jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo coddasapuvINaM / / 16 / / . artha:-caudahapUrvajJAna ke dhAraka jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| ___Namo alaiMga-mahANimitta-kusalANaM / / 17 / / artha:--aSTAMga mahAnimitta-vidyA meM pravINa jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| ___ Namo vivulariddhipattANaM / / 18 / / artha:-vipula RddhiprApta jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo vijjAharaNaM / / 19 / / artha:-vidyA (tapovidyA) ke dhArI jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara'98 0075

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Namo cAraNANaM / / 20 / / artha:-'cAraNaRddhi' ke dhAraka jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| __ Namo paNhasamaNANaM / / 21 / / artha:- (asAdhAraNa prajJAzakti ke dhAraka) prajJAzramaNa jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| ___Namo AgAsagAmiNaM / / 22 / / artha:-'AkAzagAmI Rddhi' ke dhAraka jinoM ke lie namaskAra hai| ___Namo AsIvisANaM / / 23 / / artha:-'AzIviSa' (bhayaMkara viSayukta AhAra bhI jinake mukha meM jAkara nirviSa ho jAtA hai, aisI) Rddhi ke dhAraka jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo diTThivisANaM / / 24 / / artha:-'dRSTiviSa' (jinake dekhane mAtra se viSaile prANI bhI viSarahita ho jAte haiM, aisI) Rddhi ke dhAraka jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo uggatavANaM / / 25 / / artha:-ugra tapasvI jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo ditta-tavANaM / / 26 / / artha:-dIpta tapavAle (ghora tapasyA karane se jinake zarIra kI kAMti bar3ha gayI hai) jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo ttt-tvaannN|| 27 / / artha:-tapta tapazcaraNa vAle (tapasyA ke kAraNa jinakA alpa AhAra sUkha jAtA hai, mala Adi rUpa meM pariNamita nahIM hotA) jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo mahAtavANaM / / 28 / / artha:--mahAtapasvI (siMha-niSkrIDita Adi mahAn upavAsoM ke abhyasta) jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo ghoratavANaM / / 29 / / artha:-ghora tapasvI (zArIrika vyAdhi rahane para bhI kaThina tapazcaraNa meM lIna evaM zmasAna Adi bhayaMkara pradezoM meM rahakara tapa karanevAle) jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo ghoraguNANaM / / 30 / / artha:-ghora guNavAle jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo ghoraguNaparakkamANaM / / 31 / / artha:-ghora parAkrama guNavAle (jinakI Rddhi ke kAraNa sindhu-jalazoSaNa evaM ulkApAta Adi bhI saMbhava hote haiM) jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo'ghoraguNabaMbhacAriNaM / / 32 / / 9076 prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara'98

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artha:--aghora brahmacaryaguNadhArI (jinake tapa ke prabhAva se mahAmArI, durbhikSa, bandhana Adi dara ho jAtA hai, tathA mahAyuddha Adi kA saMkaTa Tala jAtA hai--aise) jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| ___Namo AmosahipattANaM / / 33 / / artha:-jinake nimitta banAyA gayA apakva (kaccA) AhAra bhI auSadhi kA kArya kare athavA jinake sparza mAtra se hI rogI niroga ho jAyeM, aise jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo khellosahipattANaM / / 34 / / artha:-jinakA thUka/kapha Adi bhI auSadhi kA kArya kare, una jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo jallosahipattANaM / / 35 / / artha:-jinake pasIneyukta dhUli bhI auSadhi kA kArya kare, aise jalauSadhi Rddhi dhAraka jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo viTThosahipattANaM / / 36 / / artha:-jinakA mala bhI auSadhi kA kArya kare, aise jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo savvosahipattANaM / / 37 / / artha:-jinakA sarvAMga (nakha-keza Adi bhI) auSadhi kA kArya kareM, --aise jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo maNobalINaM / / 38 / / artha:-manabalINa (anrmuhUrta meM sampUrNa zruta ke ciMtana meM sakSama) jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo vacobalINaM / / 39 / / artha:-vacanabalI (antarmuhUrta meM sUrpaNa zruta ke uccAraNa meM sakSama) jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo kAyabalINaM / / 40 / / artha:--kAyabalI (jinheM mAsika, cAturmAsika, vArSika pratimAyoga karate huye bhI thakAna na ho, aise) jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo khIrasavINaM / / 41 / / artha:-'kSIrasrAvI Rddhi' (nIrasa bhojana bhI jinake hAthoM meM kSIra-dugdhayukta ho jAtA hai,) ke dhAraka jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo sappisavINaM / / 42 / / artha:-'ghRtasrAvI Rddhi' (rUkhA bhojana bhI jinake hAthoM meM ghRtayukta ho jAtA hai) ke dhAraka jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 4077

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Namo mahurasavINaM / / 43 / / artha:--'madhumrAvI' (basvAda bhojana bhI jinake hAthoM meM madhura ho jAtA hai) Rddhi ke dhAraka jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo amiya-savINaM / / 44 / / artha:-'amRtasrAvI' (jinake hAthoM meM koI bhI bhojyapadArtha amRtatulya ho jAtA hai) Rddhi ke dhAraka jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo akkhINa-mahANasANaM / / 45 / / artha:-'akSINamahAnasa' (jinake AhAra ke bAda usa cauke meM cakravartI kI senA bhI bhojana kare, to bhI bhojana kama na par3e) Rddhi ke dhAraka jinendroM ke lie namaskAra hai| Namo vaDDhamANANaM / / 46 / / artha:-'varddhamAna Rddhi' ke dhAraka jinendroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo savvasiddhAyadaNANaM / / 47 / / artha:-sampUrNa siddhAyatanoM/siddhakSetroM ko namaskAra hai| Namo bhagavado mahadi-mahAvIra-vaDDhamANANaM buddharisINaM / / 48 / / artha:-bhagavAn zreSTha mahAvIra varddhamAna buddhaRSi (kevalajJAnI) ko namaskAra hai| --yaha 'gaNadharavalaya maMgala daMDaka' hai| isake bAre meM kahA jAtA hai "nityaM yo gaNabhRnmantraM, vizuddha: san japatyamum, Amravastasya puNyAnAM, nirjarA pApakarmaNAm / nazyAdupadrava: kazcid vyAdhi-bhUta-viSAdibhaH, sadasad-vIkSaNe svapne samAdhizca bhavenmRtau / / " artha:-jo bhavyAtmA (zramaNa yA zrAvaka) pratidina prAta:kAla zuddha uccAraNa ke sAtha 'gaNadharavalayadaNDaka' ke ina maMtroM kA ekAgracitta hokara japa karatA hai, usake puNya kA Asrava hotA hai evaM pApakarmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai| usa vyakti ko roga, bhUtabAdhA, viSabAdhA ityAdi koI pIr3A nahIM hotI hai| apane zubha aura azubha ko vaha svapna meM dekha sakatA hai| tathA use maraNa-samaya meM samAdhi (sallekhanA yA mRtyumahotsava) kI prApti hotI hai| uparyukta daNDaka kA pUjya AcArya zAMtisAgara jI munirAja (prathama) nityaprati japa karate the| unhIM se paramparA meM yaha japa karanA sIkhA hai| ___ yaha daNDaka AcArya bhUtabali-praNIta 'mahAbandha' ke maMgalAcaraNa-svarUpa bhI AyA hai| kiMtu vahA~ pratilipikAra kI asAvadhAnI se cAra maMtra chUTa gaye haiM; kucha pATha bhI thor3e-bahuta parimANa meM azuddha chape haiN|' ekAdha sthala para krama-vyavyaya (Age-pIche honA) bhI pAyA jAtA hai| ata: yahA~ vyApaka anuzIlana evaM pUrvApara samIkSaNa ke bAda jo parizuddha pATha mile haiM, unheM hI pUrNarUpa meM diyA gayA hai| isakA abhyAsa pratyeka dharmAnurAgI sAdhaka vyakti ko avazya karanA caahiye| 0078 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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jala-gAlana kI vidhi tathA mahattA -DaoN0 devendrakumAra zAstrI __ jainadharma kI sanAtana, anAdi-anidhana paramparA meM jala ko chAnakara pIne aura usase vastrAdi dhone kI eka vizada-paramparA rahI hai| jala ko prAsuka kara upayoga meM lene kI kriyA vAstava meM vaijJAnika hai| yaha vijJAnamAtra bhautika na hokara dhArmika bhI hai| isa dharma-vijJAna meM Atmahita kA saMrakSaNa mukhya hai| nija caitanyatattva ke saMrakSaNa ke sAtha isameM anya prANiyoM ke prANoM ke saMrakSaNa kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| ata: kevala pAnI chAnane se anya jIvoM kI dayA kA hI nahIM, apita Atmahita kI pravRtti kA prArambha hotA hai| kintu yaha tabhI sambhava hai, jaba jala ko 'gAlana-vidhi' ke anusAra chAnakara prAsukarUpa meM kAma meM liyA jaae| 'bhAvapAhuDa' kI TIkA meM kahA gayA hai ki "varSA Rtu meM munijana varSAyoga dhAraNa karate haiM, vRkSa ke nIce baiThakara dhyAna karate haiN| usa samaya vRkSa ke pattoM para par3A huA varSA kA jo jala sAdhu ke zarIra para giratA hai, usase jalakAyika jIvoM kI virAdhanA kA doSa nahIM lagatA; kyoMki vaha jala 'prAsuka' hotA hai|" zauca tathA snAna ke lie tAr3ita parvatIya jharanoM kA jala, uSNa jalavAle jharanoM kA jala, bAvar3I kA garma jala 'prAsuka' kahA gayA hai| 'ratnamAlA' (zloka 63-64) ke ullekha ke anusAra "pASANa ko phor3akara nikalA huA arthAt parvatIya jharanoM kA athavA ra~haTa ke dvArA tAr3ita huA jala aura vApiyoM kA garma-garma tAjA jala 'prAsuka' hai| inake sivAya anya sabhI jala cAhe gaMgA Adi kA hI kyoM na ho, vaha 'aprAsuka' hI hai|" 'vrata-vidhAna-saMgraha' meM kahA gayA hai--"chanA huA jala do ghar3I taka, harar3a Adi se prAsuka kiyA gayA jala chaha ghaNTe taka aura ubAlA huA jala caubIsa ghaNTe taka prAsuka yA pIne yogya rahatA hai; usake pazcAt binA chane hue jala ke samAna ho jAtA hai|" isaprakAra jaina zrAvakAcAra ke anusAra nirjantu zuddha jala chAnakara hI kAma meM lenA caahie| kavivara paM0 rAjamallajI to spaSTa rUpa se kahate haiM "gAlitaM dRDhavastreNa sarpistailaM payo dravam / toyaM jinAgamAmnAyAdAharetsa na cAnyathA / / " -(lATIsaMhitA, sarga 2, zloka 23) arthAt ghI, tela, dUdha Adi tarala padArthoM ko jainazAstra meM kahI huI vidhi ke anusAra majabUta gAr3he vastra se chAnakara hI khAne/pIne ke kAma meM lenA cAhie; patale (tarala) dravyoM ko binA chAne kabhI bhI kAma meM nahIM lenA caahie| pAnI kyoM chAnanA cAhie? pAnI chAnane kA mUla prayojana 'svastha' rahanA hai| Atmika dRSTi se, zArIrika prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara'98 0079

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svAsthya kI dRSTi se bhI pAnI chAnane kA vizeSa mahattva hai| kyoMki bAhara hI nahIM, bhItara kI bhI zuddhatA apekSita hai, jo nijazuddhAtma-svabhAva meM rahane se upalabdha hotI hai| bAhara kI svasthatA mana aura zarIra para avalambita hai| dayA ke pariNAma se para ke prANoM ke saMrakSaNa ke bhAva se mana zuddha hotA hai aura jIva-jantuoM ke bacAvapUrvaka pAnI chAnakara pIne se zarIra zuddha rahatA hai, vyakti kA zArIrika svAsthya ThIka rahatA hai| paraMparita mAnyatA ke anusAra jala kI eka bUMda meM itane jIva Ate haiM ki yadi ve kabUtara ke barAbara hokara ur3eM, to unase yaha jambUdvIpa labAlaba bhara jaaegaa| Adhunika vijJAna ke AdhAra para DaoN0 jagadIzacandra basu ne yaha siddha kara dikhAyA thA ki jala kI eka bUMda meM 39,450 jIva pAe jAte haiN| ___ paNDitapravara AzAdhara jI ne jalagAlana kA prayojana rAga aura hiMsA ko dUra karanA batalAyA hai| unake hI zabdoM meM "rAgajIva-vadhApAyaM bhUyastvAttadvadutsRjet / rAtribhaktaM tathA yuMjyAnna pAnIyamagAlitam / / " - (sAgAra dharmAmRta, 2/14 ) arthAt dharmAtmA puruSoM ko madya, mAMsa, madhu Adi kI bhA~ti rAga aura jIvahiMsA se bacane ke lie rAtribhojana kA tyAga karanA caahie| jo doSa rAtribhojana meM lagate haiM, vahI doSa agAlita peya-padArthoM meM bhI lagate haiM - yaha jAnakara binA chane huye jala, dUdha, ghI, tela Adi dravyoM ke sevana kA tyAga karanA caahie| pAnI chAnane kI vidhi:-jalagAlana-vidhi samajhane ke pahale yaha jAna lenA Avazyaka hai ki kauna-sA pAnI pIne yogya hai aura kauna-sA pIne yogya nahIM hai|' bra0 paM0 rAyamallajI jala kI zuddhatA ke viSaya meM likhate hue kahate haiM ki tAlAba, kuNDa, alpa jalavAlI bahatI huI nadI, akaDha kuA~ (jise kuyeM kA pAnI u~TatA nahIM hai) aura choTI bAvar3I kA pAnI to chanA huA hone para bhI pIne yogya nahIM hai| isa pAnI meM trasa jIvoM kI rAzi pAI jAtI hai| isaliye jisa kue~ kA pAnI panaghaTa para chaMTatA ho, vaha pIne yogya hai| nagarapAlikA ke naloM se hokara gande sthAnoM meM mala-mUtrAdi tathA camar3e ko sparza karatA huA pAIpa se bahane vAlA jala pIne yogya nahIM hai| isIkAraNa nala kA pAnI zuddhatA kI dRSTi se pIne ke yogya nahIM hai| pAnI ko chAnane ke lie duharA, majabUta, gAr3hA vastra kAma meM lenA caahie| patalA kapar3A, rUmAla, raMgIna, gAMTha yA gur3I (salavaToM) vAlA, silA huA tathA pahanane kA vastra pAnI chAnane ke kAma meM nahIM lenA caahie| isa sambandha meM paM0 daulatarAmajI ne 'jaina kriyA-koSa' meM bahuta sundara varNana kiyA hai| unake hI zabdoM meM "iha tau jala kI kriyA batAI, aba suni jalagAlana vidhi bhaaii| raMge vastra nahiM chAnau nIrA, pahare vastra na gAlo rIrA / / 1080 prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara'98

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nAhiM pAtare kapaDe gAlo, gAr3he vastra chANi agha TAlo / rejA dRr3ha AMgula chattIsA, laMbA ara caur3A caubiisaa|| tAko do pur3atA kari chAno, yahI nAtaNA kI vidhi jaano| jala chANata ika bUMda hu dharatI, mati DArahu bhASe mhaavrtii|| eka bUMda meM agaNita prANI, iha AjJA gAvai jinvaannii| galanA ciuMTI dhari mati dAbo, jIvadayA ko jatana dhraabo|| chANe pANI bahute bhAI, jala galaNA dhAbe cita laaii| jIvANI ko jatana karo tuma, sAvadhAna hai vinavai kyA hama / / rAkhahu jala kI kiriyA zuddhA, taba zrAvakavrata lahau prbuddhaa|" isase spaSTa hai ki pAnI chAnane kI zuddha kriyA kA pAlana kie binA koI zrAvaka nahIM ho sktaa| vAstuva meM pAnI chAnane kI vidhi kyA hai? vahI kriyA zuddha ho sakatI hai jisameM jIvadayA kA pAlana ho| pAnI ko girAne meM, Dholane meM, bahAne meM aneka jIvoM kA ghAta hotA hai| una jIvoM kI rakSA karanA hI yathArtha meM jala-gAlana hai| isaliye pAnI audhAkara galanA-pramANa chAneM / pAnI galane (channe) meM auMdhA karane para tatkAla chanatA nahIM hai; dhIredhIre pAnI anukrama se chanatA hai| isaliye galane kA pramANa yaha hai ki jisa bartana meM chAnanA ho, usase tigunA lambA-caur3A duharA karane para samacaukora ho| pAnI chAnate samaya jala kI eka bUMda bhI bartana se bAhara nahIM giranI caahie| isIprakAra anachane pAnI kI eka bUMda bhI chane pAnI meM nahIM giranA caahie| isaliye paM0 AzAdharajI kahate haiM ki "choTe chedavAle yA purAne kapar3e se pAnI chAnanA yogya nahIM hai|" - (sAgAra dharmAmRta, 3/16) yaha bhalIbhA~ti dhyAna meM rakhane yogya hai ki jaina-paramparA/AmnAya meM jala ko ekendriya jIvakAya mAnA gayA hai| osa, barpha, dhuyeM ke samAna pAlA, sthUlabindurUpa jala, sUkSmabindurUpa jala, candrakAnta maNi se utpanna zuddha jala, jharane kA jala, megha kA jala, ghanodadhivAta jala -ye saba jalakAyika jIva haiN| jala kA varNa dhavala mAnA gayA hai| jaba taka jala ko prAsuka nahIM kiyA jAtA hai, taba taka usameM sUkSma jIvoM kA saMcAra banA rahatA hai| isaliye chanA huA jala ar3atAlIsa minaTa ke bhItara kAma meM le lenA caahie| ___ jala-gAlana meM sabase mahattvapUrNa kArya jIvAnI' kA hai| paM0 daulatarAmajI ke zabdoM meM- ' "Upara saM DArau mati bhAI, dayA dharma dhArI adhikaarii| bhaMvarakalI ko Dola maeNgAvo, Upara-nIce Dora lgaavo|| dvai guNa Dola jatana kari vIrA, jIvANI padharAvo dhiiraa| chANyA jala ko iha niradhArA, thAvarakAya kaheM gnndhaaraa|| -(jaina kriyAkoSa, 74-75) artha:-pAnI chAnane ke pahale anachane pAnI ke bartana meM anachane pAnI ke hAtha aura prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0081

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phira bartana dho liijie| chane pAnI se bartana ko tIna bAra dhonA caahie| usake pazcAt bartana ke mukha para galanA yA channA lgaaiye| bAyeM hAtha meM chanA pAnI prApta karane kA bartana lIjie aura dAhine hAtha se pAnI kI bharI huI bAlTI yA Dola bartana ke Upara u~Dela diijie| isaprakAra krama-krama se thor3A-thor3A pAnI chaanie| isake bAda galanA yA channA khAlI bAlTI meM ulaTa dIjie aura use chane pAnI se dhokara jIvAnI' kiijie| ___'jIvAnI' karane ke lie bAlTI yA loTA meM 5-7 aMgula kI lakar3I bA~dhakara bhItara Ar3I lagA dene se vaha bartana kuA~ meM sIdhA calA jAtA hai| usakI bartana kI DorI meM ulTA phaMdA bA~dha kara kue~ ke paiMde taka bAlTI yA loTA pahu~cAnA cAhie aura jaba vaha pAnI taka pahu~ca jAe, tabhI Upara se DorI hilA dene se usa bartana se lakar3I nikala jAtI hai| aura vaha auMdhA ho jAtA hai| usI samaya bartana ko Upara khIMca lenA cAhie--isa vidhi ko jIvAnI karanA' kahA jAtA hai| Aja ke yuga meM bAlTI ke sabase nIce pichalI tarapha eka kar3A lagavA lenA caahie| usa kar3e kI rassI ko izAre se khIMcate hI bAlTI auMdhI ho jAyagI aura pAnI chAnane kA 'jIvAnI' kiyA huA pAnI binA coTa pahu~cAe ArAma se kue~ meM vApasa pahu~ca jAegA - ise hI jIvAnI karanA' kahate haiN| 'jIvAnI' kiyA huA pAnI hI vAstava meM 'chanA pAnI' kahalAtA hai| yahI jala-gAlana kI vidhi hai| bra0 paM0 rAjamalajI ke zabdoM meM-- "yA bhA~ti jIvANI pahoMcAvai, tinidhaiM chANyA pAnI pIyA khiye| ara pUrvavata jIvANyA na pahoce, tA. aNachANyA pAnI pIyA kahiye vA sUdra sAdRzya khiye| jinadharmavirSe tau dayA hI kA nAma kriyA hai, dayA binA dharma nAma pAvai naahiiN| jAke ghaTa dayA hai, teI puruSa bhava-samudra kU~ tirai haiN| -aisA pAnI kI zuddhatA kA svarUpa jaannaa|" bindhi saba ke palle lAla, lAla binA koI nhiiN| yAte bhayo kaMgAla, gAMTha khola dekhI nhiiN|| yaha AtmarUpI lAla (maNi) saba ke aMcala meM bandhI huI hai| isase vaMcita koI nahIM hai phira bhI loga yadi kaMgAla (nirdhana) dikhAyI dete haiM, to usakA kAraNa yahI hai ki unhoMne gAMTha kholakara apane 'lAla' ko dekhane kA kaSTa kabhI uThAyA nhiiN| Atmadarzana manuSya kI sabase bar3I; pU~jI hai; kintu usameM sA~sArikatA kI gA~Tha par3I huI hai| usa 'gA~Tha' ko kholakara 'NigaNTha' huye binA isa nirdhanatA se chuTakArA nahIM mila sktaa| bhatArtha OM hIM ahaM bhUtArthabhAvanA-siddhAya nmH| -(siddhacakra vidhAna, 814, pR0 189) OM hIM bhUrtArthabhaktacetanAya nmH| -(nayacakra, 908) * * 0082 prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara'98

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prAkRta tathA apavaMza kAvya aura saMgIta prAkRta ke vasudeva-hiNDI, paumacariyaM, samarAiccakahA, kuvalayamAlA Adi granthoM meM saMgIta ke aneka siddhAnta Ae haiN| 'vasudeva-hiNDI' meM vasudeva, yazobhadrA aura gandharvasenA Adi ke AkhyAnoM meM gIta, nATya aura nRtya kA kathana AyA hai| AkhyAnoM ko prabhAvotpAdaka banAne ke lie nRtya, abhinaya Adi kI pUrNa vyavasthA thii| vasudeva-hiNDI' ke AkhyAnoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki kalA aura zikSA ke antargata gIta, vAdya aura nRtya, udaka vAdya, vINA, DamarU Adi kI zikSA kanyAoM ke lie Avazyaka thii| vINA, vaMzI, dundubhi, paTaha Adi vAdyoM kA vizeSa pracAra thaa| ____ 'paumacariyaM' meM kaikayI kI zikSA ke antargata nATya aura saMgIta ko vizeSa sthAna diyA gayA hai| saMgIta ke binA azeSa kalAoM kI zikSA sArahIna mAnI jAtI thii| likhA hai- "paDheM salakkhaNaguNaM, gaMdhavvaM saravihatti-saMjuttaM / jANai AharaNavihI, cauvvihaM ceva savisesaM / / " isake atirikta aneka sthAnoM para gIta, vAdya, nRtya kA varNana AyA hai| batAyA hai ki jo jinamaMdira meM gIta-vAdya evaM nRtya se mahotsava karatA hai, vaha deva hokara uttama vimAna meM vAsa karatA huA 'parama utsava' prApta karatA hai| yathA "gaMdhavva-tUra-NaTeM jo kuNai mahussavaM jinnaayynne| so varavimANavAso pAvai paramussavaM devo / / " 'samarAiccakahA' meM bahattara kalAoM ke sandarbha meM nRtya, gIta, vAditra, aura samatAye cAra saMgIta ke bheda Ae haiN| utsavoM aura tyauhAroM ke avasara para rAje, mahArAje, seTha, sAmantoM ke atirikta sAdhAraNa janatA bhI gIta aura nRtya kA Ananda letI thii| loga apanI-apanI ToliyA~ banAkara gAte-nAcate aura Ananda manAte the| isa grantha meM vAdya, nATya, geya aura abhinaya -- ina cAroM bhedoM kA pUrNatayA nirUpaNa AyA hai| guNasena apane sAthiyoM kI TolI dvArA gAyana-vAdana karatA huA agnizarmA ko cir3hAtA hai| 'samarAiccakahA' kI kathA kA Arambha hI saMgIta se hotA hai aura antima bhava kI kathA meM samarAditya ko saMsAra kI ora unmukha banAne ke lie usake mitra goSThiyoM kI yojanA karate haiN| ina goSThiyoM meM vINA-vAdana, abhinaya evaM gIta saMgoSThI vizeSarUpa se nirdiSTa haiN| vAdyoM meM paTaha, mRdaMga, vaMga, kAMsyaka, tantrI, vINA, dundubhi, tUrya Adi pradhAna haiN| vivAha, janmotsava, rAjyAbhiSeka Adi ke prasaMgoM kA saMgIta se Arambha honA likhA hai| kuvalayamAlA' meM bhI kalAoM ke antargata saMgIta kA ullekha hai| isa grantha meM saMgIta ko maMgalasUcaka aura AtmotthAnakAraka batalAyA hai| apabhraMza ke kaviyoM meM puSpadanta, vIra, padmakIrti, dhanapAla Adi ne saMgIta ke tathyoM prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 1083

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kA varNana kiyA hai| ina apabhraMza graMthoM meM vAdya-vRnda aura gAyaka-vRndoM kA pUrNatayA kathana AyA hai| vINA-vAdana parama mAMgalika mAnA gayA hai| 'gandharvazAstra' ke antargata svara, tAla aura pada ina tInoM kA nirdeza hai| svara ke antargata, svara, zruti, grAma, mUrcchanA, sthAna, sAdhAraNa, aThAraha jAtiyA~, cAra varNa, alaMkAra tathA gItikA kA samAveza mAnA gayA hai.| tAla meM AvApa, niSkAma, vikSepa, pravezaka Adi evaM pada meM svara, vyaMjana, varNa, saMdhi samAhita haiN| padmakIrti ne vibhinna vAdyoM aura dhvaniyoM kA apane 'pAsaNAhacariu' meM ullekha kiyA hai "mahANaMdiNaM NaMdighosaM sughosaM jhujhUvaM jhijhIvaM raNaMtaM tthnnNttN| / varaM suMdaraM suMdaraMgaM varaMgaM pasatthaM mahatthaM visAlaM karAlaM / / hayATaTTarI maddalaM tAla kaMsAla upphAla kolAhalo tAbilaM / kAhali bheri bhaMbhori bhaMbhAravaM bhAsurA vINA-vaMsA, muTuMgA ro|| sUsaro saMkha-saddo huDukkA karAphAliyA jhallarI rujaM sddaalo| bahu-viha-tura-visesahiM maMgala-ghosahiM paDibohiya gbbhesri| uTTiya thiya sIhAsaNi pavara-suvAsiNi vammadevi prmesri||" isa kAvya-grantha meM vibhinna vAdyoM ke sAtha gItoM aura abhinaya kA kathana hai| pArzvanAtha ke janmAbhiSeka ke avasara para jo devoM ne saMgIta prastuta kiyA hai, vaha Aja kI saMgIta-goSThiyoM se adhika mahattvapUrNa hai| vibhinna vAdaka gAyakoM kI saMgati karate haiM aura unake svara ke anusAra vAdyoM kA svara utpanna karate haiM "tahiM kAli viviha haya pavaratara, bhviyaa-ynnjjnn-mnn-aas-puur| kehimi AUriya dhavala saMkha, paDu paDaha ghaMTa haya taha asaMkha / / kehimi apphAliya mahura-sadda, dadurau bheri kAhala mudd| kehimi uvveliu maraha-satthu, Nava rasahiM aTTha-bhAvahiM mahatthu / / kehimi Alaviu vINa-vAu, ADhattu geu sUsarU sraau| kehimi ugghosiu caupayArU, maMgalu pavittu tailoya-sAru / / kehimi kiya satthiyavara caukka, bhukusum-daamgynn-yl-mukk| kehimi surehiM Alavivigeu, Nacciu asesu jmmaahiseu||" vIra kavi ne vIratA kI vRddhi karanevAlI vAdya aura gIta-dhvani kA sundara citraNa kiyA hai| yuddha ke vAdyoM ko sunakara kAyara vyakti bhI zUravIra ho jAte the aura unake hRdaya meM bhI vIratA kI lahara utpanna ho jAtI thii| isa grantha meM paTaha, taraDa, maradala, veNu, vINA, kaMsAla, tUrya, mRdaMga, dundubhi, ghaMTA, jhAlara, kAhala, kiriri, DhakkA, DamarU, huDukkA, takkhA, khunda, tatakhunDa Adi vAdyoM ke nAma Ae haiN| ina dhvaniyoM kA nirdeza bhI 'jambUsAmi cariu' kI paMcama saMdhi meM kiyA gayA hai 0084 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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"taruNImahAthaTTasaMghaTTatuta AharaNamaNimaMDiyA cauppahA / chaDDiyapaDipaTTa-paTTolapaMDIpahAvaMtanettehiM saMchaiyamaMDavaviyANesu laMbaMtamuktAhalAdAma-allaMtamANikka jhuMbukkasakkAuhAyAra-pasaraMtakasNAvalIjAlacittalidharapaMgaNaM / pahaya paDupaDaha paDiraDiyadaDiDaMbaraM, karaDataDataNa-taDivaDaNa-phuriyaMbaraM / ghumughumukka-ghumughumiyamaddalavaraM, saalkNsaalslsliy-sulliysrN| DakkaDamaDakka-DamaDamiyaDamarubbhaDaM, ghaMTa-jayaghaMTaTaMkArarahasiyabhaDaM / Dhakka traM traM huDukkAvalInAiyaM, ruM jagurjata-saMdiNNa-samadhAiyaM / thagagadga-thagagadukha-thagagaduga sajjiyaM, karirikiri-taTThakirikiririkira vajjiyaM / tarivarivatariva-takkhi-tarivatattAsuMdaraM, tdidibudi-khudkhudkhuNdbhaamaasurN| thiririkaTataTTakaTathiririkaTanADiyaM, kiriritaTakhaMdataTakiriri-taDatADiyaM / pahaya-samahatthasupasatyavityAriyaM, maMgalaM gaMdighosaM maNohAriya / tUrasaddeNa caliyaM mahAkalayalaM, rAyarAeNa saha cAuraMgaM balaM / " ___ isIprakAra karakaNDu cariu, bhavisayattakahA, sugandhadahamIkahA, mayaNaparAjaya Adi granthoM meM bhI saMgIta ke pramukha siddhAnta Ae haiN| sandarbha-sUcI:1. 'paumacariyaM', prAkRta TeksaTa sosAiTI, sirIja, vArANasI, DaoN0 eca0 jaikobI dvArA sampAdita, san I0, pR0 213, padya saMkhyA 5 / 2. 'paumacariyaM' prAkRta TeksTa sosAiTI sirIja vArANasI, DaoN0 eca0 jaikobI dvArA sampAdita, san 1962 I0, pR0 260, padya-saMkhyA 84 / 3. 'pAsaNAhacariu', prAkRta TeksTa sosAiTI sirIja, vArANasI, san 1965 I0, pro0 praphullakumAra modI dvArA sampAdita, pR0 62, saMdhi 8/7 / 4. vahI, pR0 67, saMdhi 8/12 / 5. 'jaMbUsAmicariu', 4/91 6. 'jaMbUsAmicariu', bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, pR0 97, padya 5-6 / -(sAbhAra uddhRta, saMgItazatI, pRSTha 809-84) jaiba-jyotiSa ke sambandha meM DaoN0 hajArIprasAda kA kathana hai ki _.....isa bAta se spaSTa pramANita hotA hai ki 'sUryaprajJapti' grIka-Agamana se pUrva kI racanA hai.... jo ho, sUrya Adi ko dvivyarUpa pradAna anya kisI jAti ne kiyA ho yA nahIM, isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki jaina-paramparA meM hI isako vaijJAnikarUpa diyA gayA hai| zAyada isaprakAra kA prAcInatama ullekha bhI jaina zAstroM meM hI hai|...... jainadharma kaI bAtoM meM AryapUrva jAtiyoM ke dharma aura vizvAsa kA uttarAdhikArI hai|" __-(tIrthaMkara mahAvIra, vijayendrasUri, pRSTha 41-42) ** , prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0085

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jainadharma aura antima tIrthaMkara mahAvIra -DaoN0 rameza canda jaina jaina zabda 'jina' se banA hai| jo rAgAdi karma zatruoM para vijaya prApta karate haiM, ve 'jina' kahalAte haiN|'- 'jina' ke dvArA praNIta dharma jainadharma kahalAtA hai / jainadharma meM caubIsa tIrthaMkara mAne gae haiN| inameM se prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAn RSabhadeva the| 'bhAgavata purANa' meM RSabhadeva ko viSNu kA AThavA~ avatAra svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| 'bhAgavata' ke anusAra unakA jIvana mahAn thA tathA unhoMne bar3A tapa kiyaa| zramaNoM ko upadeza dene ke lie unhoMne avatAra liyA thaa| anta meM RSabhadeva karmoM se nivRtta hokara mahAmuniyoM ko bhakti, jJAna, vairAgyamaya paramahaMsa dharma kI zikSA dene ke lie saba tyAga kara nagna tathA bAla khule hue 'brahmAvarta' se cala die the| rAha meM koI TokatA thA, to ve mauna rahate the| loga unheM satAte the, para ve usase vicalita nahIM hote the| ve 'maiM' aura mere' ke abhimAna se dUra rahate the| parama rUpavAn hote hue bhI ve avadhUta kI taraha ekAkI vicaraNa karate the| 'agni purANa' meM kahA gayA hai ki usa 'himavata pradeza' (bhAratavarSa) meM bur3hApA aura maraNa kA koI bhaya nahIM thA, dharma aura adharma bhI nahIM thaa| prANiyoM meM madhyabhAva (samabhAva) thaa| RSabha ne rAjya bharata ko pradAna kara saMnyAsa le liyaa| 'bharata' ke nAma se isa deza kA nAma bhAratavarSa huaa| bharata ke putra kA nAma sumati' thaa| ___ prasiddha aitihAsika pramANoM se RSabhadeva kI mAnyatA kA samarthana hotA hai| RSabhadeva ke pazcAt anya teIsa tIrthaMkara aura hue, inameM antima tIrthaMkara varddhamAna yA mahAvIra the| 'yajurveda' meM tIna tIrthaMkaroM ke nAmoM kA ullekha hai--RSabhadeva, ajitanAtha evaM arissttnemi|' teIsaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha aitihAsika vyakti the aura unhoMne mahAvIra se DhAI sau varSa pahale isa deza ko apane janma se alaMkRta kiyA thaa| inake pitA kAzI ke rAjA vizvasena tathA mAtA mahArAnI vAmAdevI thii| kAzI nagarI meM 874 vikrama pUrva = 817 I0pUrva0 meM inakA janma huA thaa| tIsa varSa ke pazcAt inhoMne pravrajyA aMgIkAra kI tathA kaivalya ko prAptakara sAre bhAratavarSa meM upadezoM dvArA dharma pracArakara anta meM bihAra ke sammedazikhara nAmaka sthAna se mukti prApta kii|" varddhamAna mahAvIra kA janma 599 I0pU0 meM bihAra prAnta ke 'kuNDapura' nAmaka grAma meM mahArAjA siddhArtha kI patnI priyakAriNI trizalAdevI kI kukSi se huA thaa| lagabhaga tIsa varSa kI umra meM unhoMne gRhatyAga kiyA aura 12 varSa, 5 mAsa, 15 dina taka ghora tapasyA karane ke pazcAt unheM kevalajJAna kI upalabdhi huii| isake pazcAt ve sarvajJa, sarvadarzI aura jina hue| anya tIrthaMkaroM kI bhA~ti pravrajyA-kAla se hI unhoMne nagna rahanA 1086 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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prArambha kiyA, isI kAraNa unakA dharma 'acelaka dharma' khlaayaa|" unhoMne aMga, baMga, magadha, kAzI, kozala Adi aneka dezoM meM bhramaNa kara sampUrNa bhAratavarSa meM dharma-patAkA phhraaii| unakA nirvANa 527 I0 pUrva meM 'pAvA nagarI meM huaa| - jainadharma ke siddhAnta:-jainadharma meM pA~ca prakAra ke vratoM ko dhAraNa karane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| 1. ahiMsA, 2. satya, 3. asteya (corI nahIM karanA), 4. brahmacarya aura 5. aparigraha (sAMsArika padArthoM meM Asakti na rkhnaa)| jaina muni ina vratoM kA sampUrNa rUpa se pAlana karate haiM, ata: ve 'mahAvratI' kahalAte haiM aura gRhastha ina vratoM kA AMzika pAlana karate haiM, ata: ve 'aNuvratI' kahalAte haiN|" jaina AcAra kA mUla ahiMsA hai| saMsAra ke samasta prANI sukha cAhate haiM, du:kha se dUra bhAgate haiM; sabhI ko apanA vaya: priya hai tathA sabhI jIvana se pyAra karate haiM, ata: kisI bhI prANI kA na to vadha karanA cAhie aura na kisI ko kaSTa pahu~cAnA caahie| pratyeka vastu meM ananta guNa-dharma haiM, ata: hama vastu kA varNana bhinna-bhinna apekSAoM se hI kara pAte haiM, ata: hameM dUsare ke abhiprAyoM ko samajhakara dUsare ke dRSTikoNa ko bhI paryApta mahattva denA cAhie, yaha anekAnta-dRSTi jaina dharma kI vizeSatA hai| ___ yadyapi bhagavAn mahAvIra ne muniyoM pUrNarUpa se aparigrahI hone kA upadeza diyA thA, kintu AcArya bhadrabAhu ke samaya magadha meM jaba dvAdazavarSIya durbhikSa par3A, municaryA kA ThIka taraha se nirvAha na hote dekhakara bAraha hajAra muniyoM kA samudAya bhadrabAhu ke netRtva meM dakSiNa bhArata kI ora vihAra kara gyaa| jo muni uttarabhArata meM avaziSTa rahe, unameM se kucha ne vastra ko parigraha na mAnakara vastra dhAraNa karanA prArambha kara diyaa| jo sAdhu aparigraha ke antargata nagnatva ko Adarza mAnate rahe, ve 'digambara' aura jo sAdhu zithilaAcAra ko svIkAra kara zvetavastra dhAraNa karane lage, ve 'zvetAmbara' khlaae| digambara muniyoM ke anuyAyI gRhastha bhI digambara' aura zvetAmbara sAdhuoM ke anuyAyI gRhastha bhI 'zvetAmbara' kahe jAne lge| isaprakAra bhadrabAhu ke samaya taka avibhAjita jaina-saMgha 'digambara' aura 'zvetAmbara' do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita ho gyaa|" jainadharma meM U~ca-nIca, rAjA-raMka sabhI ko samAna sthAna thaa| AcArya samantabhadra ne mahAvIra ke tIrtha ko sarvodaya tIrtha' kahA hai; jisameM sabakA udaya ho, use 'sarvodaya' kahate haiN| tIrthaMkaroM kI dharma sabhA 'samavasaraNa' kahI jAtI thI; usameM deva, dAnava, mAnava, pazu sabhI upadeza sunane ke lie upasthita hote the| ye sabhI apanI-apanI bhASA meM upadeza sunate the| jainadharma meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra--ina tInoM ko 'triratna' kI saMjJA se vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai| ina tInoM kI ekatA hI mokSa kA mArga hai|" pratyeka jIvAtmA apane meM ina tInoM guNoM kA vikAsa kara paramAtmA bana sakatA hai| __ jaina gRhasthoM ko kRSi, sevA, vANijya, zilpa Adi dvArA jIvikopArjana karane kA tavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0087

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upadeza diyA gayA hai"; kyoMki gRhastha pUrNa hiMsA kA parityAgI na hokara saMkalpapUrvaka kI gaI hiMsA kA hI tyAgI hotA hai| ata: hiMsAkArya chor3akara jaina gRhastha saba prakAra ke kAryoM se AjIvikopArjana karate hue dekhe jAte haiN| jainadharma kA prasAra:-'harivaMzapurANa' ke anusAra bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kAzI, kauzala, kusandhya, asvaSTa, sAlva, trigarta, paMcAla, bhadrakAra, paTaccara, mauka, matsya, kanIya, sUrasena, bRkArtha, kaliMga, kurujAMgala, kaikeya, Atreya, kamboja, bAlhIka, yavana, sindhu, gAndhAra, sauvIra, sUra, bhIra, dazarUka, vADavAna, bharadvAja, kvAthato aura samudravartI deza, uttara ke tArNa, kArNa aura pRcchAla nAmaka dezoM meM vihAra kiyA thA, jaisAki tIrthaMkara AdinAtha ne kiyA thaa| unakI dharmadazanA ko tatkAlIna pramukha rAjAoM aura janasAdhAraNa ne sunaa| isaprakAra jainadharma kA sAre bhArata meM vyApaka prasAra huaa| aneka rAjAoM, rAjavaMzoM, senApatiyoM, mantriyoM, zreSThiyoM evaM vyApAriyoM ne ise prazraya diyaa| mahAvIra ke samaya se pazcAtkAla taka zreNika, ceTaka, prasenajit, udayana, nandavaMzIya rAjA, candragupta maurya, samprati, kaliMgacakravartI khAravela, kalacuri nareza, gujarAta ke cAlukya nareza, rASTrakUTa nareza, dakSiNa ke cAlukya aura hoyasala rAjavaMza, gaMgavaMza, AndhravaMzI rAjA, nahapAna, gurjara pratihAra, kadamba vaMza, vijayanagara ke rAjA, senApati cAmuNDarAya, gaMgarAja, hulla, vastupAla aura tejapAla, bhAmAzAha tathA rAjasthAna ke jaina dIvAnoM ke saMrakSaNa meM jainadharma khUba phlaa-phuulaa| kisI samaya dakSiNa meM to jainadharma kI rAjadharma' jaisI sthiti rhii| __ sAhitya ke kSetra para hama dhyAna deM, to jJAta hotA hai ki mahAvIra nirvANa ke 980 varSa bAda valabhInagara meM kSamAzramaNa devarddhigaNi ke sAnnidhya meM zvetAmbara-paramparA ke pramANabhUta' Agama-granthoM kA saMkalana kiyA gyaa| digambara-paramparA ke siddhAnta-granthoM meM 'SaTkhaNDAgama' ke lekhaka puSpadanta tathA bhUtabati evaM kaSAya prAbhRta' ke racayitA AcArya guNadhara bahuta prAcIna hue| isa paramparA meM AcArya siddhasena, AcArya kundakunda, samantabhadra, pAtrakezarI, vidyAnanda, jinasena, guNabhadra, vAdIbhasiMha, somadevasUri, prabhAcandra, vAdirAja aura amRtacandra jaise samartha AcArya hue| zvetAmbara-paramparA meM AcArya haribhadra, malliSeNasUri, hemacandra, yazovijaya Adi aneka AcArya hue; jinhoMne prabhUta mAtrA meM sAhitya-sRjana kiyaa| jainAcAryoM ne saMskRta ke sAtha tatkAlIna samaya meM pracalita prAkRta, apabhraMza, tamila, kannar3a, gujarAtI, marAThI, rAjasthAnI Adi aneka lokabhASAoM ko apnaayaa| kalA ke kSetra meM bhI mandiroM, mUrtiyoM, stUpoM, caityagRhoM aura guhAcitroM, rAjagRha ur3IsA, bundelakhaNDa aura mathurA meM prApta mUrtiyoM ke atirikta dakSiNa ke zravaNabelagolA, veNUra, kArakala, dharmasthala Adi sthAnoM para virAjamAna bhagavAn bAhubalI kI pratimAyeM apane DhaMga kI anUThI haiN| ur3IsA kI hAthI-guphA ke bhitticitra jahA~ IsavI pUrva dvitIya zatAbdI ke mAne jAte haiM, vahA~ gvAliyara ke pAsa caTTAnoM para jainamUrtiyoM ke namUne 15vIM sadI taka ke upalabdha haiN| 9088 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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bhAratIya citrakAla kA madhya evaM uttaramadhyakAlIna itihAsa jaina citrakalA kA itihAsa hai| dasavIM gyArahavIM zatI se pandrahavIM zatI taka jaina hastalikhita-granthoM meM sthAna pAne vAle citra va paTTAvaliyA~ hI citra sAmagrI ke rUpa meM citra-itihAsa ke koSa ko bharate haiN| 'mohanajodar3oM' aura 'har3appA' ke bAda bhArata kI prAcIna mUrtiyA~ jaina mUrtiyA~ hI haiN| zilAlekhoM meM bhI 'kaliMga jina' kI mUrti kA ullekha sabase prAcIna hai| 'mohanajodar3oM' aura 'har3appA' kI yogI kI mUrtiyoM meM bhI vidvAnoM ne 'kAyotsarga-mudrA' ko DhU~Dha nikAlA hai, jo ki jaina mUrtiyoM kI vizeSa mudrA hai| isaprakAra kalA aura sthApatya ke kSetra meM bhI jainoM kA amUlya yogadAna hai| sandarbha-sUcI 1. mUlAcAra, 561 2. "jinasya sambandhI jinena proktaM vA jainm|" -(pravacanasAra-tAtparyavRtti, 206) / 3. ema0 hiriyannA, bhAratIyadarzana, pR0 156 / 4. zrI satIzacandra caTTopAdhyAya evaM dhIrendramohanadatta, 'bhAratIyadarzana', pR0 46 / 5. AcArya baladeva upAdhyAya : 'bhAratIya darzana', pR0 90 / 6. bairisTara campatarAya : 'Adi brahmA RSabhadeva' (anuvAda kI ora se)| 7. agnipurANa, 10/10/11 / 8. AdibrahmA RSabhadeva (anuvAda kI ora se)| 9. DaoN0 rAdhAkRSNana: 'bhAratIya darzana' (bhAga-1), pR0 233 / 10. AcArya baladeva upAdhyAya: bhAratIya darzana, pR0 91 / 11. vahI, pR0 91 / 12. vidyAnanda muni : 'tIrthaMkara varddhamAna', pR0 33 / -AcArya jinasena: harivaMzapurANa 9/211-5; nirvANabhakti 4 / 13. jayadhavalA, bhAga 1, pR0 81; nirvANabhakti: 12 / 14. "Acelakko dhammo purimassa ya pacchimassa ya jiNassa" arthAt RSabhadeva ke pahile aura bAda ke mahAvIra bhI dharma acelaka (nirvastra) thaa| (zvetAmbara) paMcAzaka mUla-17, prakAzaka RSabhadeva kesarItmava zvetAmbara saMsthA ratalAma 1928 / jaina AcAra, pR0 153 / 15. nirvANabhakti, 251 16. tattvArthasUtra, 7/1-2 / 17. ensAiklopIDiyA briTenikA khaNDa-25, gyArahavA~ saMskaraNa san 1911 / - H.H. Wilson-Essays and lectures on the religion of Jains. 18. AcArya samantabhadra, 'yuktyanuzAsana', 61 / 19. vidyAnanda muni : tIrthaMkara varddhamAna, pR060| 20. tatvArthasUtra 1/1 / 21. svymbhuustotr-2| 22. sAgAradharmAmRta 4/8-9 / 23. sAgAradharmAmRta 4/1213 / jinasena : harivaMzapurANa 3/3/7 / 24. paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI : jainadharma, pR0 47 / 25. jainoM kA sAhitya ke kSetra meM yogadAna hetu dekhie--DaoN0 nemicandra zAstrI kRta 'tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA' evaM pArzvanAtha zodha saMsthAna vArANasI se kaI bhAgoM meM prakAzita 'jaina sAhitya kA vRhad saahity'| 26. kalA ke kSetra meM jainoM ke yogadAna hetu bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI se prakAzita grantha 'jaina kalA aura sthApatya' bhAga 1-3, dekheN| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0089

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guNoM kA bhaMDAra lauMga' 'lauMga' marTesI prajAti ke yUjIniyA kairiyophAileTA nAmaka madhyama kada vAle sadAbAhara vRkSa ke sUkhe hue phUla kI kalI hai| lauMga kA aMgrejI paryAyavAcI klova hai, jo leTina zabda kleviko se nikalA hai| isa zabda se kIla yA kAMTe kA bodha hotA hai, jo lauMga kI AkRti se milate haiN| choTA-sA dikhAI dene vAlI lauMga anya masAloM kI tulanA meM kahIM adhika guNakArI hai| isakI sugaMdha bhI itanI bhInI-bhInI hotI hai ki dUra se hI alaga mahasUsa kI jA sakatI hai| isake rattI bhara upayoga se khAnA jAyakedAra banAyA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ taka ki TUthapesTa, sAbuna, maMjana, itra aura tela ko sugaMdhita karane ke liye isakA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai| dA~ta ke darda meM lauMga kA tela rAmabANa sAbita hotA hai| lauMga ko cabAne se sAMsa kI durgaMdha dUra hotI hai aura dA~toM meM chipe hue kITANu bhI mara jAte haiN| lauMga kA prayoga pAcana-zakti ko ThIka rakhane ke alAvA gale kI kharAza ko bhI dUra karatA hai| cIna meM IsA se tIna zatAbdI pUrva se hI lauMga pracalana meM A gayA thaa| yUropa ke anya dezoM meM isakI jAnakArI 16vIM zatAbdI meM usa samaya huI jaba purtagAliyoM ne ise malaikA dvIpa meM khoja nikaalaa| varSoM taka isa para purtagAliyoM aura DacoM kA ekAdhikAra rhaa| lauMga aba sabhI uSNakaTibaMdhIya dezoM meM paidA hotA hai| jaMjIbAra meM 90 pratizata tathA sumAtrA, jamaikA, brAjIla aura vesTaiMDIja meM bhI isakI kAphI paidAvAra hotI hai| ____lauMga ke bIja se paudhA lagAyA jAtA hai aura jaba paudhe tIna-cAra phuTa ke ho jAte haiM, to unheM 20 se 30 phuTa kI dUrI para lagA diyA jAtA hai| lauMga ke per3a para chaThe varSa phUla lagane zurU ho jAte haiM aura 12 se 25 varSa taka acchI phasala hotI hai| eka bAre meM eka per3a se takarIbana tIna se cAra kilogrAma lauMga milatI hai| lauMga ke phUla gucchoM meM surkha lAla raMga ke khilate haiN| jaise hI ina kaliyoM kA raMga halkA gulAbI hotA hai aura ve khilatI haiM unheM cuna-cunakara hAtha se tor3a liyA jAtA hai| kabhI-kabhI per3a ke nIce kapar3A bichAkara zAkhA ko pITakara kaliyoM ko girA liyA jAtA hai| ise dhUpa meM rakhakara sukhAyA jAtA hai, lekina kharAba mausama hone para ise Aga meM (sekakara) bhI sukhAte haiN| kabhI-kabhI kaliyoM ko sukhAne se pahale garma pAnI meM dho lete haiN| sUkhane ke bAda 40 pratizata lauMga bacatA hai| asalI lauMga behada sugaMdhita hotA hai, usake UparI sire ko dabAne para tela nikalane lagatA hai, jabaki saste kisma kA lauMga telarahita bikatA hai| telayukta lauMga ko hI auSadhIya guNoM vAlA mAnA jAtA hai, jisakA upayoga vaidya aura hakIma bar3e paimAne para karate haiN| 0090 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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khAdya padArthoM ke sAtha-sAtha pAna tathA bar3e paimAne para sauMdarya prasAdhanoM meM bhI kiyA jAtA hai| hakImoM ke anusAra 'lauMga' tAsIra ke lihAja se garma, uttejaka aura khuzka hotA hai aura aneka prakAra ke darda ko dUra karatA hai| Ayurveda meM ise darda, apaca tathA vAyuvikAra-nAzaka batAyA gayA hai| ___ lauMga kA sevana khAne ke prati ruci paidA karatA hai| sardI-khAMsI, pitta, kapha, rakta vikAra meM bhI upayogI hai| khAMsI kI zikAyata hone para lauMga ko tave para garma kara cabAkara dera taka cUsanA caahie| dAMta ke darda meM lauMga ko darda ke sthAna para dabAne athavA lauMga ke tela meM bhIgI ruI ko darda ke sthAna para rakhane se rAhata milatI hai| siradarda meM lauMga kA lepa kanapaTI para lagAne se darda bhAgatA hai| lauMga cabAne se masUr3e majabUta hote haiN| zarIra ke kisI hisse meM sUjana Ane para usa sthAna para lauMga kA lepa karane se sUjana dUra hotI hai| garbhavatI mahilAoM ko ulTI kI zikAyata hone para lauMga ko pAnI meM bhigokara usa pAnI ko pInA caahie| isa pAnI meM mizrI milAnA bhI lAbhadAyaka hotA hai| isa pAnI ko pIne se zarIra meM pAnI kI kamI kI zikAyata bhI dUra hotI hai| dikhane meM bhale hI choTA lage, lekina apane guNoM ke kAraNa sAmAnya rogoM ko dUra bhagAne meM isake mahattva ko kama karake nahIM AMkA jA sakatA hai| - (sAbhAra uddhRta - svAgata' patrikA, aMka janavarI 1999) tambuoM kA zahara lar3AI ke bAda araba kI senAoM kA senApati ibne ala asa apanA tambU ukhar3avA rahA thA, to usane dekhA tambU ke eka kone meM mainA ne ghoMsalA banA rakhA hai| senApati ne tambU tor3anA rukavA diyA aura mainA kA ghara ujAr3ane ke bajAe apane zivira ko hI apanA mukhyAlaya banA liyA aura vahIM rahane lgaa| dhIre-dhIre yahIM eka bar3A nagara basa gayA, jise alaphustara (arabI bhASA meM tambuoM kA zahara) kahA jAne lgaa| Aja bhI misra meM alaphustara nAma kA zahara hai, kintu aba vahA~ tambU nahIM haiN| ** -(sAbhAra uddhRta, 'navabhArata TAImsa' dillI) parIkSaka 'AcArya sarvaceSTAsu loka eva hi dhImataH / anukuryAttamevAto laukike'rthe parIkSakaH / / ' -(AcArya vAgbhaTTa, aSTAMgahRdaye, 2/45) artha:-buddhimAn manuSya ke liye saba kriyAoM meM loka (samAja) hI AcArya hai; usase bhI siikhe| parIkSaka (vicAraka) manuSya laukika vyavahAra meM loka kA hI anukaraNa kreN| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0091

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kelA auSadhi bhI hai IsA pUrva 327 meM sikaMdara ne bhArata kI 'siMdhu ghATI' meM kele kI khetI dekhI thii| romana itihAsakAra plinI (23-79 IsavI) kadalIphala kA varNana karanevAlA sabase pahalA vyakti thaa| usane likhA thA ki bhArata ke jJAnI loga kadalIvakSa ke nIce baiThakara dharma-darzana kI carcA karate haiM aura prAya: kele ke atirikta aura kucha nahIM khaate| bAda meM 18vIM zatAbdI ke vanaspati-vijJAnI lAinesa ne isakA vargIkaraNa kara ise 'mUsA sopAiMTama' yAnI jJAnI ciMtana' nAma diyA thaa| sAtavIM zatAbdI taka yaha svAdiSTa phala kevala eziyA taka sImita thaa| bAda meM arabI vyApAriyoM dvArA 'pazcima aphrIkA' phuNcaa| yahIM se zAyada 'bAnA', 'abAnA', 'gabAnA', 'phunAnA', 'bunAne' jaise aphrIkI zabdoM se isake pracalita vicitra nAma bananA zurU huye| lagabhaga inhIM dinoM spenI aura purtagAlI anveSaka tathA dharmapracAraka isa paudhe ko apane sAtha kanerI dvIpa tathA bAda meM madhya aura dakSiNa amarIkA le ge| eka zatAbdI pahale taka pazcimI yUropa aura amarIkA meM kelA bar3A durlabha aura videzI phala samajhA jAtA thaa| 19vIM zatAbdI ke zurU meM jaba madhya aphrIkA se kele kI pahalI khepa amarIkA pahuMcI, to nyUyArka aura bosTana ke baMdaragAhoM para use dekhanevAloM kI bhIr3a laga gii| loga isa phala ko dekhakara cakita raha ge| ___ kelA sampUrNa bhojana hone ke sAtha hI siradarda, khasarA aura peTa kI kucha bImAriyoM ke lie kAma AtA hai| hAla hI meM adhyayana se patA calA hai ki kelA atisAra aura AMta ke kucha rogoM ke lie auSadhi kA kAma karatA hai| kelA sAdA, vAyu na banAne vAlA tathA supAcya hotA hai| aura ekamAtra aisA tAjA phala hai, jo peTa ke 'alasara' ke rogiyoM ko diyA jAtA hai| yaha sabase jyAdA pauSTika hotA hai| uccaraktacApa-niyaMtraNa ke lie jarUrI poTeziyama se samRddha kele meM viTAmina 'e', 'bI' aura 'sI' bhI hote haiN| dUdha pInevAle zizu ke lie roja viTAmina kI, niyAsIna, rAibolphevina aura thAyamIna kI jitanI mAtrA jarUrI hotI hai; usakA cauthAI aMza eka kele meM mila jAtA hai| kele meM 'soDiyama' kama hotA hai| kolesTaraoNla' bilkula nahIM hotaa| isameM seba se Der3ha gunI adhika 'zarkarA' hotI hai| kelA carbI bhI nahIM bar3hAtA, hAlA~ki loga Ama taura para aisA socate haiN| sAmAnyata: eka iMca ke kele meM 85 kailorI hotI hai, itanI hI kailorI eka saMtarA yA seba meM hotI hai| isa adbhuta phala kA kabhI akAla nahIM par3a sktaa| isa phala ko cAhanevAle ise hara mausama meM aura hara jagaha pA sakate haiN| 'ajJAnatimirAndhAnAM jnyaanaanyjnshlaakyaa| cakSurunmIlitaM yena, tasmai zrIgurave nmH||' -(kAtantra, 6) artha:--ajJAnarUpa andhakAra se andhe hue loka ke cakSuoM ko jinhoMne samyagjJAnarUpa | kajjala-zalAkAoM se unmIlita kiyA, una suguruoM ko merA namaskAra hai| ** 0092 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara 198

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abhimata 0 'prAkRtavidyA' ke sabhI aMka mujhe barAbara milate rahe haiN| usake sAmagrI-cayana evaM usake zuddharUpa meM prakAzana ko dekhakara maiM sadA prabhAvita huI huuN| para isa bAra kA varSa 10, aMka 2, julAI-sitambara 1998 ne mujhe prerita kiyA Apako patra likhane ke lie| sarvaprathama patrikA ke AkarSaka bAhya AvaraNa ne AkRSTa kiyaa| nIlA AsamAnI raMga, usa para ganne (tAjA pattoM sahita) ke Tukar3oM se bane akSara-vinyAsa ne 'prAkRtavidyA' kI prakRti ko abhivyakti dI hai| para usake nIce vRtta meM aMkita tathA vRtta kI paridhi se bAhara jAte hue vRzcika' ne kucha utsukatA aisI jagAI ki kyA kahU~? aura usake nIce likhe zabda vidvattA kA pratIka' / jaise Apa ko saMyukta rASTra saMgha dvArA prakAzita gajeTiyara' ne ciMtanazIla banAyA, vaise hI mujhe bhii| para mujhe ciMtana kA kaSTa karanA nahIM par3A, kyoMki 'AvaraNa pRSTha ke bAre meM Apane jo jAnakArI dI, usase jijJAsA zAMta huii| sUcanAeM tathA naI bAteM jAnane ko milii| rUr3hiyA~ manuSya ko saMkIrNa banA detI haiN| 'bicchU' ke saMbaMdha meM Ama AdamI nakArAtmaka rukha rakhatA hai| vRzcika rAzi kA nAma hai aura svAbhAvika hai ki usameM jinameM vyakti acche-bure donoM guNoM se yukta hoNge| vidvAn kI tulanA vRzcika se kara usakI jo vyAkhyAe~ Apane kI haiM, ve bahuta hI yuktiyukta haiN| badhAI sviikaareN| sampAdakIya vidyA vivAdAya' AtmaciMtana ke lie prerita karatA hai| AcAryazrI vidyAnanda muni jI kA 'yuvakoM ko saMdeza' yuvakoM ke lie unakA AzIrvacana hI hai| isake atirikta 'vAstuvidhAna meM maMgalavRkSa' (zrImatI amitA jaina) tathA zikSA kI paryAya-sarasvatI' (zrImatI raMjanA jaina) rucikara lge| prAkRta meM merI gati nahIM hai, para phira bhI usase saMbaddha lekhoM ko rucipUrvaka par3hatI huuN| -DaoN0 (zrImatI) praveza saksainA, dillI ** o Apake saMpAdana meM 'prAkRtavidyA' dinoMdina pragati patha para agrasara hai, yaha likhate prasannatA hotI hai| prAkRtabhASA ke sAtha-sAtha anya upayogI evaM jJAnavarddhaka sAmagrI cayana karane kA bhI Apane jo vizeSa prayAsa kiyA hai, jisase ki patrikA sarvajanopayogI banatI jA rahI hai - sarAhanIya hai| isa aMka meM prAya: sabhI lekha paThanIya haiM--AcAryazrI kA 'yuvakoM ko saMdeza' preraNAspada hai tathA samrAT khAravela satsaMga maMdira ke zilAlekha saMbaMdhI jhalakiyA~ anupasthitajanoM ko darzanIya haiN| -nAthUrAma DoMgarIya, indaura ** 0 Apake dvArA saMpAdita 'prAkRtavidyA' ke aMka prApta ho jAte haiM, tadartha AbhArI huuN| 'prAkRtavidyA' meM saMkalita sAmagrI khojapUrNa evaM mahattvapUrNa rahatI hai| prAkRta kI naI-naI racanAyeM evaM lekhakoM ke paricaya prApta kara prasannatA hotI hai| ___-DaoN0 nemicandra jaina, sAgara, ma0pra0 ** 0 'prAkRtavidyA' kA aMka milA par3hakara mana ko bahuta prasannatA huI, AvaraNa-pRSTha para bicchU' kA vidvattA kA pratIka aMkana evam usa bAre meM Alekha bauddhika lge| vidyA-vivAdAya prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 1093

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....? 'sampAdakIya' atyaMta sAmayika hai hI, sAtha hI vartamAna yuga prAmANika zodhaparaka, vaijJAnika bhI hai| vAde-vAde jAyate tattvabodhaH / tIrthaMkara bhagavantoM kI dezanAe~, bhASya, TIkA evam hindI, aMgrejI evaM anya bhASA jarmana Adi meM upalabdha hai| kyA unake zuddhikaraNa kI AvazyakatA hai? -kanhaiyAlAla baoNThiyA, kAnapura ** 0 'prAkRtavidyA' julAI-sitambara aMka prApta huaa| hara aMka naI sAja-sajjA, zodhapUrNa sAmagrI evaM nUtana cintana binduoM ko lekara AtA hai| aMka me pUrNa paryApta paThanIya sAmagrI rahatI hai| mudraNa zuddha aura prAmANika hotA hai| vidvattA kA pratIka vRzcika' ke bAre meM ApakI dRSTi atyanta cintanapUrNa hai| isa jJAna-jyoti ko prakAzita rakhane ke lie Apako dhnyvaad| -lAla candra jaina prAcArya, gaMja bAsodA, (ma0pra0) ** 0 'prAkRtavidyA' kA pratyeka aMka zodha-sAmagrI se paripUrNa rahatA hai| hArdika bdhaaii| -DaoN0 ratnacandra agravAla, jayapura ** 0 'prAkRtavidyA' kA julAI-sitambara '98 aMka milaa| isake mAdhyama se hamArI mUla bhASA prAkRta, vizeSata: zaurasenI prAkRta ke bAre meM jo mahattvapUrNa jAnakArI upalabdha hotI hai, vaha sampUrNa samAja evaM deza ke jijJAsuvarga ke liye atyaMta mahattvapUrNa upAdAna hai| ukta aMka ke AvaraNa pRSTha para vRzcika (bicchU) ko vidvattA kA pratIka rUpa meM abhihita kara usakA samyak samAdhAna prastuta kara sampAdaka mahodaya ne samAja kI apriyakara ghaTanAoM ke saMdarbha meM pratIkAtmaka rUpa se bahuta kucha kaha diyA hai| bicchu jaisA DaMka mArane kI pravRtti vartamAna meM phaizana jaisI ho gayI hai| Aropa-pratyAropa, spaSTIkaraNa-samAdhAna Adi bicchU ke DaMka jaise jaharIle ho gaye haiN| sabhI jana guNadoSa kA vicAra kara bicchu kI ekAnatasthalIya jJAnasAdhanA se preraNA leMge, jisameM samAja/saMskRti kA hita nihita hai| vidyAvivAdAya' sampAdakIya sAmayika, sAragarbhita evaM dizAbodhaka haiM? pro0 DaoN0 rAjArAma jaina, pro0 mAdhava zrIdhara raNadive, paM0 jayakumAra upAdhye, rAjakumAra jaina Adi ke lekha vividhatApUrNa upayogI sAmagrI se bharapUra haiM, jo paThanIya haiN| patrikA kA svarUpa nita-navIna zodha-khojaparaka hotA jA rahA hai, jisake lie prAkRtavidyA parivAra badhAI kA pAtra hai| -DaoN0 rAjendra kumAra baMsala, amalAI ** 0 prAkRtavidyA' kA julAI-sitambara 98 aMka milaa| bicchU kA AvaraNa citra tathA vidvAn se usakI tulanA bauddhaprada paayii| Apake lekha 'aucityapUrNa utsava...', paM0 nAthUlAla jI zAstrI kA lekha siddha kSetroM meM caraNa cinhoM kA mahattva' atiupayukta hai| caraNacihna kA jo vizleSaNa unhoMne kiyA, vaha prAmANika hai| tIrthaMkaroM ke sivA anyoM kI pratimAyeM (jo siddha hue haiM) nahIM honI cAhiye / pratiSThAcArya varga tathA Ayojaka isa aura avazya dhyAna de| zaurasenI prAkRta ke bAre meM atizaya upayukta jAnakArI isa pustaka meM hai| yaha DaoN0 ramezacaMdra jaina aura DaoN0 udayacaMdra jaina ke lekhoM se sahaja prApta hai| sAmagrI suMdara aura jJAnavardhaka hai| -manohara mAravaDakara, nAgapUra ** 00 94 prAkRtavidyA+ aktUbara-disambara'98

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(pustaka-samIkSA mUlakartA prakAzaka pustaka kA nAma * pAhuDadohA - muni rAmasiMha saMpAdaka va anuvAdaka - DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI saMskaraNa - prathama saMskaraNa 1998, pakkI jilda, AkarSaNa madraNa - bhAratIya jJAnapITha, 18 insTITyUzanala eriyA, lodI roDa, naI dillI-110003 mUlya - 55 rupaye, pRSTha saMkhyA 260 bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI pratiSThA mahattvapUrNa granthoM/kRtiyoM ke starIya prakAzana kI rahI hai| isI zrRMkhalA meM eka navInatama prakAzana AyA hai 'dohApAhuDa', jo gyArahavIM zatAbdI I0 ke saMta muni rAmasiMha dvArA viracita utkRSTa AdhyAtmika racanA hai| isa kRti kI sarvaprathama zodha svanAmadhanya vidvadvarya DaoN0 hIrAlAla jI jaina ne kI thI, tathA unhoMne isa para gaveSaNApUrNa vizada prastAvanA, mUlAnugAmI hindI anuvAda, upalabdhapAThabheda evaM Avazyaka TippaNiyoM ke sAtha kAraMjA se san 1933 meM prakAzita karAyA thaa| taduparAnta unhIM ke saMskaraNa ke AdhAra se kucha nyUnAdhikya-sahita eka-do sthAnoM se kinhIM sajjanoM ne apane saMpAdakatva meM ise prakAzita karAyA, jo vizeSa ullekhanIya bhI nahIM haiN| ___ DaoN0 hIrAlAla jI ne isake pATha-sampAdana va anuvAda meM vyApaka sAvadhAniyA~ rakhIM thIM, kiMtu sImita pratiyoM kI upalabdhatA tathA anya kucha kAraNoM se isa kArya meM abhI kaI dRSTiyoM se guMjAiza pratIta hotI thii| aba yaha kRti kaI dRSTiyoM se parimArjita evaM puSTa hokara yathAyogya navIna kalevara meM vidvadvarya DaoN0 devendra kumAra jI zAstrI ke dvArA sampAdita evaM anUdita hokara isa saMskaraNa ke rUpa meM prakAzita huI hai, jo nizcitarUpa se svAgata-yogya hai| isakI prastAvanA' meM vidvAn sampAdaka ne grantha ke nAmakaraNa, viSayavastu, graMthakartA evaM pratiyoM kA saMkSipta kiMtu vidvattApUrNa paricaya diyA hai; kiMtu pUrva-prakAzita saMskaraNoM ke bAre meM paricaya evaM unake vaiziSTya kA ullekha bhI yadi isameM hotA, to isa saMskaraNa kI navInatA evaM vizeSatA pAThakoM ko ati spaSTa ho jaatii| phira bhI jo zrama sampAdaka-vidvAn ne kiyA hai, vaha apane Apa meM svata: mukharita hai| graMtha ke mUlapAThoM ke adhikAMza pAThAntara 'pAdaTippaNa' meM pradatta haiM, tAki tulanAtmaka prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 1095

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adhyayana kI rucivAle gaveSiyoM ko spaSTatA ho ske| kiMtu pratIta hotA hai ki jisa prati ke mukhapRSTha kI chAyAprati isa saMskaraNa ke AvaraNa para mudrita hai, usake pAThAntara saMbhavata: vidvAn sampAdaka ne nahIM lie haiM; kyoMki usameM prathama dohA meM 'gurudeva' pATha hai, jabaki isameM 'guru deu' pATha hI rakhA gayA hai, isakA pAThAntara pAdaTippaNa' meM nahIM diyA gayA hai| isIprakAra isa saMskaraNa meM prakAzita dvitIya padya bhI mudrita AvaraNa pRSTha para mudrita chAyAcitravAlI prati meM nahIM hai, parantu vidvAn sampAdaka ne usakA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| vastuta: unhoMne AvaraNapRSTha ke citra kI prati kA ullekha bhI nahIM kiyA hai ki yaha prakAzita chAyAcitra kisa prati kA hai| mUlapAThoM kA zabdArtha, artha evaM bhAvArtha - ina tIna zIrSakoM se vizadIkaraNa isa saMskaraNa meM vidvAn sampAdaka ne kiyA hai tathA bhAvArthoM meM yathAyogya anya graMthoM ke pramANa dekara viSaya ko puSTa kiyA gayA hai| cU~ki isa graMtha kI koI prAcIna TIkA adyAvadhi upalabdha nahIM hai, ata: kucha pAThoM evaM unake artha kI puSTi ke lie pUrNa AdhAra nahIM mila pAtA hai| phira bhI granthAntaroM ke pramANoM se vidvAna sampAdaka ne yathAyogya rIti se isameM samarthana dekara adhikAMza sthaloM ko spaSTa karane kA naiSThika prayatna kiyA gayA hai| 'zabdArtha' ke antargata kisI-kisI zabda kA vyAkaraNika paricaya diyA gayA hai| yathA--dohA kra0 3 meM 'ji' ko pArapUraka avyaya' kahA gayA hai| jabaki isI meM isakA punaH prayoga hone para hI' --aisA nizcayArthaka artha diyA gayA hai| usI prakAra dvitIya dohe meM 'huMtauM' pada kA artha se (paMcamI vibhakti)' kiyA gayA hai| aise prayoga vicAraNIya haiN| ___ isa graMtha para zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, mAnita vizvavidyAlaya, naI dillI-16 se eka chAtrA ne zodhakArya (pI-eca0DI0) bhI kiyA hai, jisakA zodhaprabandha vizvavidyAlaya meM prastuta hone ke lie TaMkaNa-prakriyAntargata hai| __isa uttama prakAzana ke lie bhAratIya jJAnapITha evaM DaoN0 devendrakumAra zAstrI nizcaya hI sAdhuvAda evaM abhinaMdana ke pAtra haiN| -sampAdaka ** (2) pustaka kA nAma - samrAT khAravela (kannar3a bhASA meM) lekhaka - jI0 brahmappA - ratnatraya prakAzana, epha0 blaoNka, citrabhAnuraste, kuvempu nagara, __ maisUra-570023 (karnATaka) mUlya - 15/- rupaye, pipara baika, paoNkeTa buka sAija) saMskaraNa - prathama saMskaraNa 1965 I0, pRSTha saMkhyA 160 hamArI saMta-paramparA ke asIma vidyAnurAgI ratnoM meM pUjya AcArya vidyAnanda jI kA nAma agragaNya hai| munidIkSA se pUrva kSullaka avasthA (nAma-pArzvakIrti) se hI ve aharniza prakAzaka 0096 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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svAdhyAya meM lIna rahakara nitanUtana tathyoM ke anveSaNa evaM unakI prabhAvI prastuti meM satata saMlagna rahe haiN| 'kalyANamuni aura samrAT sikandara' jaisI kAlajayI kRtiyoM kA sRjana usI avasthA meM Apane varSoM taka vyApaka adhyayana. evaM zodha ke bAda kiyA thaa| Apa kalakattA kI nezanala lAibrerI meM mahInoM taka samrAT khAravela ke viSaya meM adhyayana karate rahe aura san 1964 I0 meM Apane isa kRti ke vidvAn lekhaka ko vyApaka vicAra-bindu evaM zodha-niSecita sAmagrI dekara eka laghu pustikA ke nirmANa kI preraNA dI thI; jisake phalasvarUpa isa pustikA kA nirmANa huA thaa| isakA sAdara ullekha lekhaka ne 'nanna mAtu' (apanI bAta yA Atmakathya) zIrSaka se likhita prArambhika vaktavya kI zurUAta meM kiyA __yaha kRti prAJjala, sarala evaM sAhityika kannar3a bhASA meM samrAT khAravela ke jIvana evaM yazasvI kAryoM kA vizada vivecana karatI hai| laghukAya hote hue bhI isameM nihita sAmagrI jahA~ prastuta tathyoM kI dRSTi se mahanIya hai, vahIM bhASAzailI kI rocakatA, prastutIkaraNa kI maulikatA evaM prabhAvotpAdakatA vizeSata: zlAghanIya hai| yaha pustaka maisUra vizvavidyAlaya ke pAThyakrama meM bhI nirdhArita hai| Aja jaba pUjya AcAryazrI kI kRpA se digvijayI jaina samrAT khAravela ke Upara vyApaka kArya kiye jA rahe haiM, usI zrRMkhalA meM maisUra se yaha kRti 'prAkRtavidyA' meM samIkSArtha prApta huI hai| isakI prAcInatA evaM garimA ko dekhate huye kannar3avettAoM ko isakA adhyayana evaM saMkalana avazya karanA cAhiye tathA samrAT khAravela ke viSaya meM zodhakartAoM ko isake tathyoM kA avalokana avazya karaNIya hai| isakA anya bhASAoM meM anuvAda bhI prakAzita honA cAhiye, tAki isakI vyApaka upayogitA ho ske| -sampAdaka ** pustaka kA nAma - pratiSThA-pradIpa lekhaka va sampAdaka - paM0 nAthUlAla jaina zAstrI prakAzaka vIra nirvANa grantha prakAzana samiti, gommaTagiri, indaura-452001 saMskaraNa - dvitIya saMskaraNa, julAI 1998 I0 mUlya - 150/- (eka sau pacAsa rupaye), pakkI jilda, AkarSaka mudraNa pRSTha-saMkhyA - 24+234+36=294 pRSTha, chAyAcitra atirikta, zAstrAkAra ___ vartamAna meM pratiSThAcAryoM evaM pratiSThA-mahotsavoM kI bahulatA hone lagI hai| jahA~ pratimA jI kI vidhipUrvaka pratiSThA hokara bhavyajIvoM ko vItarAgI jinendra paramAtmA ke darzana kA saubhAgya sulabha honA atyanta sukhada prasaMga hai, vahIM isake kaI pratiSThAcAryoM kA vidhivat rUpa se prazikSita na honA eka ciMtA kA viSaya thaa| isa nimitta sarvAdhika vayovRddha (vizeSata: pratiSThA-kSetra meM) vidvadvareNya paM0 nAthUlAla jI zAstrI saMhitAsUri ke dvArA aise / prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0097

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vizeSa prazikSaNa-pAThyakramoM kA calAnA evaM unake nimitta Adarza mArgadarzikA ke rUpa meM 'pratiSThA pradIpa' nAmaka isa pramANika evaM suvyavasthita kRti kA nirmANa kiyA jAnA vAstava meM eka ananya yogadAna hai| isameM Agata katipaya tathya to samAja ke pratyeka vyakti ko sIkhane yogya haiN| yathA-"sUrya ke dakSiNAyana' rahane para paMcakalyANaka pratiSThAyeM kadApi nahIM karanI caahiye| vizeSajJa vidvAn se zuddha muhUrta lie binA manamarjI se paMcakalyANaka pratiSThAyeM nahIM karAnI cAhiye / tathA bhagavAn ke mAtA-pitA nahIM banAne caahiye|" yadi ina bAtoM kA koI ullaMghana karatA hai, to vaha vajramUrkhatA kA kArya karatA hai tathA isase hone vAlI bAdhAoM evaM dharma kI maryAdA ke ullaMghana se vaha ghora pApa kA baMdha karatA hai| ___ yaha kRti mudraga kI dRSTi se jitanI nayanAbhirAma evaM dIrghajIvI hai, viSaya-sAmagrI kI dRSTi se bhI utanI hI mahanIya evaM sarvAMgINa hai| sAtha hI isameM viSayoM kA vyavasthita kramabAra prastutIkaraNa evaM apekSita nirdezoM kI yathAsthAna upalabdhi vizeSata: ullekhanIya hai| vidvadvarya paM0 nAthUlAla jI zAstrI jaise variSThatama vidvAn dvArA likhe jAne se isakI prAmANikatA svata: asandigdha ho gayI hai| sAtha hI pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja kA 'AzIrvacana' isa tathya ko aura adhika puSTa karatA hai| - isake pariziSTa meM vividha yaMtroM ke prAmANika citroM kA mudraNa isakA upAdeyatA ko aura adhika vRddhiMgata karatA hai| anya apekSita raMgIna citroM kA bhI samucita DhaMga se mudraNa huA hai| lekhana ke sAtha-sAtha saMpAdana zailI kA vaiziSTya isameM bhalIbhA~ti lakSita hai| . pratyeka vidvAn-viduSI ko to yaha anivAryata: saMgrahaNIya hai hI, samAja ke pratyeka jinamaMdira, pustakAlaya evaM saMsthAoM meM bhI isakI pratiyA~ avazya rahanI cAhiye; tAki apekSita jijJAsAoM kA tatkAla prAmANika samAdhAna mila ske| isa mahanIya kArya ke lie lekhaka evaM prakAzaka hArdika abhinaMdanIya haiN| -sampAdaka ** pustaka kA nAma - aMgakora ke paMcameru maMdira lekhaka va sampAdaka - DaoN0 jinezvara dAsa jaina prakAzaka - zrI bhAratavarSIya di0 jaina (tIrthasaMrakSiNI) mahAsabhA, aizabAga, lakhanaU (u0pra0) mUlya - sATha rupaye, pRSTha saMkhyA mUlya 56 (4 ArTa pepara sahita) saMskaraNa - prathama, janavarI 1999 I0, DimAI sAIz2a, pepara baika kamboDiyA meM bhAratIya saMskRti ke prAcInarUpa upalabdha hote haiN| prAcIna vRhattara bhAratavarSa meM se kaI deza Aja svataMtra ho gaye haiM, yathA--kaikeya pradeza (aphagAnistAna) 9098 prAkRtavidyA+ aktUbara-disambara'98

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brahmadeza (barmA) evaM kAMboja (kamboDiyA) aadi| pahile ye sabhI hamAre vRhattara rASTra ke abhinna aMga rahe haiM --aisA prAcIna itihAsa ke avalokana se spaSTa vidita hotA hai tathA bhAratIya saMskRti kI prAcInatama mUladhArAoM meM zramaNasaMskRti kA anyatama yogadAna rahA hai| ata: isa deza kI bhUmi para zramaNa-saMskRti ke prAcIna avazeSa milanA svAbhAvika hai| kintu usako eka sunizcita pahicAna (Confirm Identification) pradAna karanA samaya kI mA~ga hai| isa dazA meM yaha pustaka eka prAraMbhika sahI, kintu prazaMsanIya prayAsa hai| isameM vidvAn lekhaka ne siddha kiyA hai ki aMgakora ke prAcIna maMdira jaina saMskRti ke 'paMcameru maMdira' haiN| jo pratimAoM ke citra diye gaye haiM, unameM sthApatyazailI bhale hI kamboDiyA kI rahI ho, parantu spaSTata: ve digambara jaina pratimAyeM haiM - yaha koI bhI kaha sakatA hai| anya jo varNana diyA gayA hai, usase bhI isake 'paMcameru maMdira' hone kA tathya puSTa hotA hai| jainasaMskRti kI paraMparita avadhAraNAoM ke adhikRtarUpa se jAnakara vyakti dvArA yadi inakA vizleSaNa kiyA jAtA, to saMbhavata: yaha tathya ekadama akATyarUpa se pramANita ho jaataa| kiMtu isake lie apekSita hai ki koI vizeSajJa jainavidvAn isa viSaya para kArya kre| phira bhI jo kAryalekhaka ne zramapUrvaka kiyA hai, vaha nizcaya hI preraNAspada hai| ' hamAre graMthoM meM ullekha hai ki sau naye maMdira banavAne se adhika puNya kA kArya hai eka prAcIna maMdira kA jIrNoddhAra evaM saMrakSaNa-saMvardhana krnaa| kadAcit hamAre samAja kA netRtva isa dRSTi se isa viSaya meM ciMtana kare, to acchA hogaa| pustaka kA mudraNa acchA huA hai| kAgaja bhI ThIka hai| yadi prastuta tathyoM ko kisI suyogya sampAdaka dvArA vyavasthita rUpa diyA jAtA, to saMbhavata: isakI prabhAvotpAdakatA aura bhI bar3ha jaatii| phira bhI yaha paThanIya, mananIya evaM saMgrahaNIya kRti haiN| -sampAdaka ** maMgalAyaraNa 'siddhaM siddhatthANaM ThANamaNovamasuhaM uvgyaannN| ku-samaya visAsaNaM sAsaNaM jiNANaM bhavajiNANaM / / ' / - (Ayariya siddhaseNa, sammaisuttaM, 1/1/pRSTha 1) artha:-(siddhatthANaM ThANaM) pramANa prasiddha arthoM kA sthAnabhUta tathA (kusamaya visAsaNa) ku-pRthvI ke (samasta) ekAntavAda se dUSita aise mithyAmatoM kA samanvaya karake vizeSarUpa se zAsana karanevAle jinendra bhagavAn kA jo ki (aNovamasuhaM bhuvagayANaM) nikhilopamArahita avyAbAdha sukha ko bhoktA evaM (bhava jiNANaM) jinhoMne saMsAra-sAgara ko jIta liyA, aisA (sAsaNaM) anekAntavAdarUpI jainazAsana jo ki (siddhaM) svata:siddha hai| / prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 0099

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(samAcAra darzana bhuvanezvara meM 'khAravela mahotsava' va rASTrIya goSThI kA Ayojana jainadharma ke prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke nirvANa divasa para yahA~ sUcanA vibhAga sabhAgAra' meM Ayojita tIna divasIya khAravela-mahotsava evaM rASTrIya goSThI meM mukhya atithi ur3IsA ke rAjyapAla mahAmahima sI0 raMgarAjana ne kahA ki "bhAratIya saMskRti para jainadharma kA vyApaka prabhAva hai aura vaha usakA abhinna aMga hai| ur3IsA meM usakA atyaMta gauravazAlI itihAsa rahA hai| IsA pUrva dUsarI zatAbdI meM samrAT khAravela kaliMga kA aisA hI eka pratApI jaina samrAT thA, jisane sAre bhArata ko eka sUtra meM bAMdhakara vizAla kalyANakArI zAsana kI sthApanA kI thii|" isa kAryakrama kA Ayojana RSabhadeva pratiSThAna, dillI evaM eDavAMsa seMTara phaoNra iNDolaoNjikala sTaDIja, bhuvanezvara ke saMyukta tattvAvadhAna meM kiyA gyaa| goSThI meM deza bhara se Ae tIsa se adhika prakhyAta vidvAnoM aura purAtatvavidoM ne samrAT khAravela ke saMbaMdha meM apane zodhapatra prastuta kie| sAtha hI ur3IsA meM jainakalA, zilpa, purAtatva tathA samrATa khAravela ke kAryoM ko darzAnevAlI eka pradarzanI kA bhI Ayojana huaa| rASTrasaMta AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI munirAja kA isa saMpUrNa Ayojana ko AzIrvAda prApta thaa| rAjyapAla ne kahA ki "samrAT khAravela ke kAla meM jaina kalA tathA saMskRti kA ur3IsA meM vyApaka rUpa se vikAsa huaa| rAjya sarakAra ne usa mahAn samrAT kI smRti meM yaha varSa 'khAravela varSa' ke rUpa meM ghoSita kiyA hai, jisameM purAtatva ke mahattva ke aneka sthaloM ko. saMrakSaNa pradAna kiyA jaayegaa| unhoMne kahA ki hameM apane gauravazAlI itihAsa ko jAnanA cAhie, kintu atIta kI bhUloM se sabaka lenA cAhie, tAki bhaviSya meM sAvadhAna rheN| udayagiri parvata para hAthIgumphA meM jo jaina zilAlekha haiM, unase samrAT khAravela kI mahAnatA kA paricaya milatA hai| zAsaka ke rUpa meM unhoMne apanI prajA kA sadA dhyAna rakhA aura loka kalyANa ke kArya kie| vaha sabhI dharmoM kA Adara karate the| unake rAjya meM sabhI dharma phle-phuule|" bhagavAn RSabhadeva ko jainadharma kA pravartaka batAte hue unhoMne kahA ki "caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra ne ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya tathA aparigraha ke jina siddhAMtoM kA upadeza diyA, ve Aja bhI prasaMgika haiN|" sabhA ke adhyakSa sAhU ramezacaMdra jaina ne samrAT khAravela ko eka mahAna zAsaka batAte hue kahA ki "khAravela ne sadaiva janatA kI bhalAI ke kAryoM ko mahattva diyA tathA deza ko eka sUtra meM baaNdhaa| unhoMne bhArata para hamalA karane vAle videzI AkramaNakAriyoM ko bhI deza se bAhara khdedd'aa| unake kAla meM kalA aura zilpa kA vikAsa huaa| jainadharma kA pAlana karate hue bhI khAravela ne sabhI dharmoM ko samAna Adara diyaa| vartamAna meM AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI munirAja ne samrAT khAravela ke prAcIna gauravazAlI itihAsa kI khoja kI preraNA dI hai|" 00 100 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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ur3IsA ke mukhyamaMtrI zrI jAnakIvallabha paTanAyaka ne hAla meM dillI meM samrAT khAravela kI smRti meM eka bhavana kA zilAnyAsa AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI ke sAnnidhya meM kiyA thaa| unhoMne udayagiri-khaNDagiri kSetra ko paryaTana-sthala va tIrthakSetra ke rUpa meM vikasita karane para bala diyaa| rAjya ke vikAsamaMtrI zrI mataluba alI tathA sUcanA maMtrI zrI siMha ne samrAT khAravela ko kaliMga kA mahAn samrAT batAte hue kahA ki "jainadharma kA usake samaya meM vyApaka prasAra huaa| eka prakAra se usa samaya yaha rAjadharma thA, lekina sAtha hI anya sabhI dharma bhI samAna Adara pAte the|" __ kalakattA ke pro0 mukharjI, sarvekSaNa vibhAga ke DaoN0 zAha, DaoN0 agravAla evaM DaoN0 dAsa ne apane zodhapatroM meM vistAra se khAravela kI mahAn upalabdhiyoM kA ullekha kiyaa| pro0 mukharjI ne kahA ki ur3IsA meM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha tathA bhagavAn mahAvIra kA vicaraNa huA thaa| samrAT khAravela kaliMga meM pUjita kaliMga-jina kI mUrti magadha se vApasa lAe the, jo naMdarAjA le gae the|" unhoMne purA mahattva ke sthaloM udayagiri-khaNDagiri tathA isakI guphAoM kI rakSA va vikAsa para vizeSa rUpa se bala diyaa| isa saMgoSThI ke eka bhavya satra meM suprasiddha vidvAn DaoN0 jI0 brahmapA jI ko unakI yazasvI kRti samrAT khAravela' ke lie eka lAkha rupayoM kI rAzi kA prathama 'khAravela zrI puraskAra' sAdara samarpita kiyA gyaa| ur3IsA ke mukhyamaMtrI mAnanIya jAnakIvallabha paTanAyaka ne sammAnya vidvAn ko zAla-zrIphala evaM prazastipatra arpita kiyA tathA RSabhedava pratiSThAna ke adhyakSa zrI svarUpacaMda jaina ne puraskAra-rAzi kA DrAphTa samarpita kiyaa| isa avasara para 'RSabha saurabha' tathA 'ur3IsA rivyU' smArikAoM kA vimocana bhI huaa| ** samrAT khAravela kI smRti meM kaI mahattvapUrNa kAryoM kA pravartana ur3IsA prAnta ke yazasvI mukhyamaMtrI zrI jAnakI vallabha jI paTanAyaka ne dinAMka 5 pharavarI '99 ke navavarSa meM Ayojita prathama vizAla patrakAra sammelana' meM rAjya sarakAra kI anekoM AgAmI mahattvapUrNa yojanAoM yojanAoM kI ghoSaNA kii| inameM bahuta-sI yojanAyeM kaliMgAdhipati samrAT khAravela kI pAvana smRti meM vinayAMjali-svarUpa pravartita hone jA rahI haiN| aisI pramukha yojanAoM meM katipaya nimnAnusAra haiM:1. ur3IsA kI rAjadhAnI bhuvanezvara meM vidhAnasabhA-bhavana ke sAmane samrAT khAravela kI vizAla evaM bhavya kAMsya-pratimA sthApita kI jaayegii| 2. rAjadhAnI bhuvanezvara se udayagiri jAne vAle mArga kA nAma 'samrAT khAravela mArga' rakhA jaayegaa| 3. varSa 1999-2000 ko ur3IsA sarakAra kaliMga-khAravela varSa' ke nAma se mnaayegii| tathA isa avasara para pUre varSa sampUrNa ur3IsA rAjya meM samrAT khAravela kI smRti meM anekoM kAryakrama Ayojita kiye jaayeNge| prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara'98 bara'98 00 101

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4. varSa 1999 se varSa 2001 taka sampUrNa ur3IsA prAnta meM samrAT khAravela kI pAvana-smRti meM bIsa hajAra nalakUpa lagAye jAyeMge, tAki rAjya kI peyajala samasyA kA nidAna ho ske| inake atirikta digvijayI kaliMgAdhipati samrAT khAravela kI yazogAthA ko cirasthAyI evaM sarvajanavidita banAne ke lie bhI anekoM yazasvI kAryoM kA pravartana kiyA jaayegaa| isa bAre meM uccastarIya vicAra-vimarza abhI cala rahA hai| prAthamika kArya ke rUpa meM maMgalAcaraNavat 'samrAT khAravela-viSayaka rASTriya saMgoSThI' bhuvanezvara meM dinAMka 16-17-18 janavarI 99 ko Ayojita hone jA rahI haiM; jo ki ur3IsA sarakAra ke sUcanA maMtrAlaya evaM RSabhadeva hone jA rahI hai; jo ki ur3IsA sarakAra ke sUcanA maMtrAlaya evaM RSabhadeva pratiSThAna, naI dillI ke saMyukta tattvAvadhAna meM Ayojita hai| -mahAvIra zAstrI ** bra0 kamalAbAIjI (zrI mahAvIrajI) ko sAkSaratA puraskAra dinAMka 9 disambara 1998 ko kalakattA ke sAinsa siTI sabhAgAra meM bra0 kamalAbAIjI (zrI mahAvIrajI) ko baMgAla ke rAjyapAla mahAmahima e0Ara0 kidavaI dvArA roTarI inTaranezanala' ke roTarI iNDiyA sAkSaratA avArDa 1998' se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| rAjyapAla mahodaya ne bra0 kamalAbAIjI ko zaoNla, memeMTo aura 2 lAkha rupayoM kA caika bheMTa kiyaa| isa avasara para roTarI inTaranezanala presiDenTa elekTa zrI kAralo ravijjA, iTalI aura pAsTa presiDenTa roTarI inTaranezanala zrI luisa visenTe giye, arjanTAinA, roTarI avArDasa phora sarvisa TU hUmeniTI (inDiyA) TrasTa ke ceyaramena rAjendra ke0 sAbU vizeSarUpa se upasthita the| mahAmahima rAjyapAla ne sambodhita karate hue kahA ki "seleksana kameTI ne eka hIre ko khoja nikAlA hai aura ye puraskAra kI sahI hakadAra haiN|" inake dvArA kiye kAryoM kI rAjyapAla mahodaya ne bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kii| zrI kAralo ravijjA, iTalI, presiDenTa ilekTa, roTarI inTaranezanala ne kahA ki "mahilAoM ko sAkSara banAne se pUrA parivAra aura jAne vAlI pIr3hiyA~ bhI sAkSara ho jAtI haiN|" zrI luisa visenTe giyA, arjenTAinA, pAsTa presiDenTa roTarI inTaranezanala ne zrotAoM kA dhyAna AkRSTa karate hue batAyA ki itanI viSama paristhitiyoM meM janajAtiyA~ aura pichar3I jAtiyoM kI bAlikAoM ko sAkSara banAne kA kArya kiyA hai, vaha apane Apa meM abhUtapUrva hai| zrI o0pI0 vaizya ne bra0 kamalAbAIjI kI pUrI jIvanI para prakAza ddaalaa| isa samAroha meM roTarI inTaranezanala ke DisTrikTa gavarnara roTeriyansa aura jainasamAja ke aneka gaNamAnya loga upasthita the| 00102 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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TERVICE TO HU HUMANITY AWARDS FOR OTARY AW ROTARY INDIA AWARD 1998 Presented to Brahmacharini Kamla Bai CITATION UTY (INDIA) DIA) TRUST Hailing from a middle class family in Rajasthan, Brahmacharini Kamla Bai became an unfortunate victim of widowhood at the tender age of 14, barely two years after her marriage. As she was totally illiterate, she found herself in wilderness, with no one to offer support or sustenance in an age when widowhood was considered a curse. Confronted with these heavy odds, Brahmacharini Ji realised well in time that the only way to survive with dignity was to cast away the artificial social barriers and equip herself with sound education. She found for herself a place in Shri Mahavir Mumuksha Mahila Ashram, an orphanage for women, at Shri Mahavirji, an economically and educationally backward town in Sawai Madhopur district. For nearly a decade and a half, Brahmacharini Ji involved herself in acquiring not only formal education but also extensive knowledge of Indian history and culture as also the ancient scriptures. Deeply concerned as she was over the dismal state of female literacy in Rajasthan, which made young girls the hapless victims of social prejudices. Brahmacharini Ji took the initiative of establishing a model girls' school, Digambar Jain Adarsh Vidyalaya, in Shri Mahavirji itself in 1953 with just six girls. By dint of consistent zeal and dedication, the Vidyalaya has by now grown into an ideal seat of learning with over 1800 girls on the rolls. Impressed by her splendid achievemnts, several philanthropists willingly came forward with liberal donations to help in the construction of school and hostel buildings and acquisition of other equiipment in response to her appeal for support. Apart from imparting formal education, the Vidyalaya lays emphasis on inculcation of discipline, character-building and knowledge of scriptures to prepare the students to face life with confidence. Dedicating her entire life to the cause she holds dear, through penance and renunciation, Brahmacharini Ji has provided opportunities to thousands of girls from tribal communities and other deprived sections of society to come out of the dark recesses of illiteracy, overcome social barriers and become economically independent. She has also successfully motivated her students and teachers to provide a new thrust to the literacy promotion programmes in remote rural areas. In recognition of her outstanding contribution to promotion of literacy, especially among girls, ROTARY INDIA AWARD 1998 is hereby conferred on Brahmacharini Kamla Bal. Calcutta : December 9, 1998 Rajendra K. Saboo Chairman prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara'98 ar'98 00 103

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haidarAbAda meM jainavidyA-sambandhI mahattvapUrNa rASTriya saMgoSThI sampanna "rAjyapAla DaoN0 cakravartI raMgarAjana ne jainadharma ko bhArata kA prAcIna dharma batAte hue kahA ki jainadharma ne na kevala bhAratIya vicAradhArA va darzanazAstra ko prabhAvita kiyA hai, apitu bhArata ke kaI prAcInatama dharmoM para bhI apanI chApa chor3I hai|" biralA purAtatva evaM sAMskRtika zodha saMsthAna, sAlArajaMga saMgrahAlaya evaM usmAniyA vizvavidyAlaya ke saMyukta tatvAvadhAna meM Aja usmAniyA vizvavidyAlaya parisara meM jainadharma, kalA, purAtatva, sAhitya evaM darzanazAstra para Ayojita 3 divasIya rASTrIya saMgoSThI kA udghATana karate hue DaoN0 raMgarAjana ne ukta udgAra vyakta kiye| unhoMne kahA ki "jainadharma 24veM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai, parantu prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva the tathA 23veM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha the| unhoMne kahA ki mahAvIra eka aitihAsika puruSa haiM, jinakA varNana itihAsa meM milatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne koI navIna dharma kI sthApanA nahIM kI thI, apitu dharma ko eka AdhAra va DhAMcA pradAna kiyA thaa|" ___ zrI raMgarAjana ne kahA ki "bhagavAn mahAvIra ko mahAvIra isalie nahIM kahA jAtA ki unhoMne kaI rAjyoM ko jItA aura apane rAjya kA vistAra kiyA, apitu unhoMne apane Apa para vijaya prApta kI thii| unheM isalie 'jina' bhI kahA jAtA thA arthAt 'vijetaa'|" / rAjyapAla zrI raMgarAjana ne Age bolate hue kahA ki "vizvAsa hI sabhI dharmoM kA sahArA banatA hai| dharma kA kalA evaM saMskRti para bhI kar3A prabhAva par3atA hai aura jainadharma ke saMbaMdha meM bhI yaha kahA jA sakatA hai|" unhoMne kahA ki "anya prakAra kalA jaise maMdira vAstukalA, zilpa Adi para jainadharma kA prabhAva bahuta gaharA hai| Andhra pradeza ke vibhinna sthAnoM para unake zilAlekhoM, vAstukalA evaM sAhitya para bhI jainadharma kI chApa hai|" kalakattA vizvavidyAlaya ke prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa aura sabhyatA vibhAga ke prophesara bI0ena0 mukharjI ne apane sambodhana bhASaNa meM kahA ki vizva ke mahAna dharma eka nizcita samayAvadhi meM vikasita hote haiM, jinameM jIvana ke uddezya, naitika mUlya, adhyAtma evaM darzanazAstra sammilita hote haiM aura jainadharma ina sabakA samanvaya hai| jainadharma kA prabhAva kevala bhaktoM para hI nahIM, apitu prazAsana, kalA, sAhitya, vijJAna evaM vaijJAnika vicAroM para bhI par3A hai| jainadharma ke 24veM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne svayaM Andhra pradeza ke uttarI kSetra meM apanI zikSAoM kA pracAra kiyA hai| zrI mukharjI ne jAnakArI dete hue batAyA ki Andhra pradeza meM jainadharma ne karnATaka kI ora se praveza kiyaa| pUrvI cAlukya rAjA kubera viSNuvardhana kI rAnI ayanAmahAdevI ne bIjAvAr3A (vijayavAr3A) ke naDumbI bastI nAmaka grAma ko jaina maMdira nirmANa ke lie dAna de diyA thaa| Andhra meM jainadharma kA vistAra IsA pUrva prathama zatAbdI yA usase bhI pahale huA thA, parantu tIsarI va sAtavIM zatAbdI meM isakA pUrNa pracAra huaa| rAjyapAla raMgarAjana ne isa avasara para jainadharma, kalA, purAtatva, sAhitya evaM darzanazAstra para AdhArita saMsmArikA kA vimocana kiyaa| zrImatI haripriyA raMgarAjana ne svAgata bhASaNa diyaa| usmAniyA vizvavidyAlaya CC 104 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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ke kulapati vI0 rAmakiSTayyA ne samAroha kA saMcAlana kiyaa| rASTrIya grAmINa vikAsa saMsthA kI parAmarzadAtrI vI0 vedakumArI ne dhanyavAda diyaa| isa saMgoSThI meM DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ne digvijayI jaina samrAT khAravela ke hAthIgumphA zilAlekha me katipaya abhinava tathya' viSaya para zodha-Alekha prastuta kiyaa| isakI vyApaka sarAhanA huii| semInAra ke samApana satra meM samAgata vidvAnoM evaM AyojakoM kI ora se jaina samAja ke ziromaNi vyaktitva sAhU azoka jaina jI ke bAre meM usmAniyA vizvavidyAlaya ke kulapati ne prabhAvI ullekha kiyA tathA vinamra zraddhAMjali samarpita kI gyii| ** patrAcAra prAkRta pAThyakrama digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIrajI dvArA saMcAlita apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI se aba 'patrAcAra prAkRta sarTiphikeTa pAThyakrama' prArambha kiyA jA rahA hai| satra 1 julAI 1999 se prArambha hogaa| isameM prAkRta, saMskRta, hindI evaM anya bhASAoM/viSayoM ke prAdhyApaka, apabhraMza, prAkRta zodhArthI evaM saMsthAnoM meM kAryarata vidvAn sammilita ho skeNge| niyamAvalI evaM Avedana-patra dinAMka mArca se 15 mArca, 1999 taka akAdamI kAryAlaya, digambara jaina nasiyA~ bhaTTArakajI, savAI rAmasiMha ror3a, jayapura-4 se prApta kreN| kAryAlaya meM Avedana-patra pahu~cAne kI antima tArIkha 30 apraila 1999 hai| DaoN0 kamalacanda sogANI, jayapura ** pro0 (DaoN0) vidyAvatI jaina 'DI0liTa' kI upAdhi se vibhUSita 'jaina mahilAdarza' kI sampAdikA pro0 (DaoN0) vidyAvatI jaina, ArA (dharmapatnI pro0 rAjArAma jaina) ko bAbAsAheba ambeDakara bihAra vizvavidyAlaya, mujaphpharapura (bihAra) kI ora se DI0liT kI upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai| zrImatI jaina ne 'saMta kavi devIdAsa aura unake adyAvadhi aprakAzita hindI sAhitya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana' viSaya para san 1997 meM 609 pRSThIya uccastarIya maulika zodha-prabandha mUlyAMkana-hetu prastuta kiyA thaa| ___ yaha ullekhanIya hai ki zrImatI jaina, jainavidyA ke kSetra meM durlabha aprakAzita pANDulipiyoM kI khoja, sampAdana, tulanAtmaka tathA vistRta samIkSAtmaka adhyayana kara DI0liTa' kI upAdhi prApta karanevAlI sambhavata: prathama viduSI mahilAratna haiN| bundelI ke ekamAtra uttaramadhyakAlIna hindI jainakavi devIdAsa kI 66 pANDulipiyoM para sarvaprathama uccastarIya kArya kara inhoMne mahArata hAsila kI hai aura AgAmI zodha-jagat ke lie eka prazasta mArga taiyAra kiyA hai| ApakI isa saphalatA ke lie hArdika abhinandana evaM bhUriza: badhAiyA~ / -DaoN0 ramezacanda jaina, bijanaura (u0pra0) ** ku0 AratI jaina pI-eca0DI0 upAdhi se alaMkRta jaina sAhitya ke tattvarasika AtmajJa vidvAn paMDita sadAsukhadAsa jI para zodha-prabandhahetu DaoN0 harIsiMha gaura vizvavidyAlaya, sAgara ne kumArI AratI jaina, chindavAr3A (ma0pra0) ko pI-eca0DI0 kI upAdhi se sammAnita kiyA hai| unake zodha viSaya jaina sAhitya ke pariprekSya prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 00105

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meM paMDita sadAsukhadAsa jI kAsalIvAla ke vyaktitva evaM kartavya kA anuzIlana' unhoMne DaoN0 (zrImati) AzAlatA pAThaka ke nirdezana meM pUrNa kiyaa| apane zodhakArya ke prasaMga meM ka0 AratI jaina ne kundakunda bhAratI zodha saMsthAna, naI dillI se bhI mahattvapUrNa dizAnirdeza evaM sAhityika sahayoga prApta kiyA thaa| -azoka jaina, chindavAr3A ** ahiMsA iNTaranezanala ke varSa 1998 ke puraskAra ahiMsA iNTaranezanala naI dillI ke varSa 1998 ke lie vibhinna puraskAroM kA vivaraNa nimnAnusAra hai: 1. ahiMsA iNTaranezanala DipTImala AdIzvaralAla jaina sAhitya puraskAra (31,000/-rU0) DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI, nImaca vAloM ko pradAna kiyA jaaegaa| 2. ahiMsA iNTara0 bhagavAnadAsa zobhAlAla jaina vizeSa zAkAhAra puraskAra (15,000/- rU0) DaoN0 nemIcanda jaina, indaura ko pradAna kiyA jaaegaa| 3. ahiMsA iNTaranezanala bhagavAnadAsa zobhAlAla jaina zAkAhAra puraskAra (11,000/- rU0) sureza canda jaina, jabalapura ko pradAna kiyA jaaegaa| 4. ahiMsA iNTaranezanala raghuvIra siMha jaina jIvarakSA puraskAra (11,000/- rU0) mauhammada zaphIka khAna, sAgara ko pradAna kiyA jaaegaa| 5. ahiMsA iNTaranezanala golDana jubalI phAuMDezana patrakAritA puraskAra (5,100/- rU0) DaoN0 nIlama jaina, sahAranapura ko pradAna kiyA jaaegaa| ye puraskAra zIghra hI dillI meM bhavya samArohapUrvaka pradAna kiye jaaeNge| ___-satIza kumAra jaina ** dharmAnurAgiNI zrImatI lalitA dozI divaMgata samAjasevA evaM rASTra kI unnati meM samarpita yazasvI dozI-parivAra kI vayovRddha-pramukhA dharmAnurAgiNI zrImatI lalitA dozI jI kA di0 23 pharavarI '99 ko 83 varSa kI avasthA meM dharmadhyAnapUrvaka dehAvasAna ho gyaa| dharmaprANa zreSThivarya sva0 zrI lAlacanda hIrAcanda jI dozI kI sahadharmiNI zrImatI lalitAdozI jI sAre jIvana dhArmika kAryoM meM samarpita rahIM, unhoMne kucha hI dina pUrva pUjya zrI nemisAgara jI munirAja ko bhaktipUrvaka AhAradAna diyA tathA anya anekavidha dharmadhyAna ke kAryoM meM lagI rhiiN| sampUrNa dozI parivAra ko pArasparika sauhArda evaM ekatA ke sUtra meM pirokara rakhane meM ApakA ananya yogadAna rahA hai| sAtha hI sampUrNa parivAra ko dhArmika saMskAra pradAna karane meM ApakA hI pramukha zreya thaa| kundakunda bhAratI evaM prAkRtavidyA' se ApakA vizeSa vAtsalya thaa| aisI bhadrapariNAmI, dharmaprANa, udAramanA nArIratna ko prAkRtavidyA-parivAra kI ora se bodhilAbha evaM sugatigamana kI maMgalakAmanA ke sAtha vinamra vinayAMjali arpita hai| -saMpAdaka ** 10106 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98

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isa aMka ke lekhaka/lekhikAyeM 1. sva0 paM0 mANikacandra kaundeya--Apa digambara jaina samAja ke supratiSThita prakANDa vidvAna the| jaina nyAya evaM darzana ke kSetra meM ApakI vizeSa pratiSThA thii| ApakI ziSya-paramparA meM kaI suyogya vidvAn nikale haiN| ___isa aMka meM prakAzita 'gRhasthoM ko bhI dharmopadeza kA adhikAra' zIrSaka Alekha ApakI pustaka kA aMza hai| 2. AcArya nagarAja jI Apa zvetAmbara sthAnakavAsI jaina samudAya ke krAntikArI AcArya haiN| ApakI sUkSma evaM niSpakSaprajJA se prarita lekhanI se anekoM mahattvapUrNa racanAyeM sRjita huIM haiN| isa aMka prakAzita 'dharasena kI eka kRti : joNipAhuDa' nAmaka Alekha ApakI pustaka se uddhRta hai| 3. paM0 nAthUlAla jI zAstrI--Apa saMpUrNa bhAratavarSa meM jainavidyA ke, vizeSata: pratiSThAvidhAna evaM saMskAra ke kSetra meM sarvAdhika pratiSThita vayovRddha vidvAn haiN| Apane deza bhara ke anekoM mahattvapUrNa kAryakramoM kA digdarzana kiyA hai tathA sAmAjika zikSaNa ke kArya meM ApakA anyatama yogadAna rahA hai| Apane vividha viSayoM para anekoM prAmANika mahattvapUrNa pustakeM bhI likhIM haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'tIrthaMkI kI divyadhvani kI bhASA' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA viracita hai| sthAyI patA-42, zIza mahala, sara hukumacaMda mArga, iMdaura-452002 (ma0pra0) 4. DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI-- Apa jainadarzana ke sAtha-sAtha prAkRta-apabhraMza evaM hiMdI bhASAoM ke vizvavikhyAta vidvAn evaM siddhahasta lekhaka haiN| pacAsoM pustakeM evaM do sau se adhika zodha nibaMdha prakAzita ho cuke haiN| saMprati Apa bhAratIya jJAnapITha, naI dillI meM upanidezaka (zodha) ke pada para kAryarata haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'jalagAlana kI vidhi tathA mahattA' nAmaka lekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| sthAyI patA--243, zikSaka kAlonI, nImaca-458441 (ma0pra0) 5. DaoN0 rAma sAgara mizra--Apa saMskRta vyAkaraNa ke suprasiddha vidvAn haiN| samprati Apa jayapura (rAja0) sthita kendrIya saMskRta vidyApITha meM rIDara' pada para kAryarate haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'kAtantra vyAkaraNa evaM usakI do vRttiyA~' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA likhita hai| ____ 6. DaoN0 mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA-Apa jainavidyA ke kSetra meM suparicita hastAkSara haiM, tathA niyamita rUpa se lekhanakArya karate rahate haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'AcArya kundakunda kA AtmavAda' zIrSaka Alekha ke racayitA Apa haiN| sthAyI patA--maMgala kalaza, 394, sarvodaya nagara, AgarA ror3a, alIgar3ha-202001 (u0pra0) 7.DaoN0 kastUracaMda 'sumana'-samprati Apa jainavidyA saMsthAna zrImahAvIrajI (rAja0) meM zodhaadhikArI ke pada para kAryarata haiM tathA prAcIna pANDulipiyoM ke saMpAdana, anuvAda, samasAmAyika lekhana ke sAtha-sAtha saMskRta-prAkRta, apabhraMza Adi anekoM bhASAoM ke vidvAn haiN| isa aMka meM prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara'98 00107

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prakAzita 'jainadarzana ke pratIka purAvazeSa' zIrSaka Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai / patrAcAra-patA--jainavidyA saMsthAna, zrI di0 jaina atizayakSetra zrImahAvIrajI-322220 (rAja0) 8. DaoN0 ramezacandra jaina --Apa jaina kAleja bijanaura ( u0pra0) meM saMskRta evaM jainadarzana ke vibhAgAdhyakSa haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'jainadharma aura aMtima tIrthaMkara mahAvIra' zISeka Alekha Apake dvArA racita hai / sthAyI patA -- jaina maMdira ke pAsa, bijanaura ( u0pra0) 9. DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ---zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI meM jainadarzana vibhAga meM variSTha prAdhyApaka evaM prAkRtabhASA pAThyakrama ke saMyojaka / anekoM pustakoM ke lekhaka, smpaadk| prastuta patrikA ke 'mAnada sampAdaka' / isa aMka meM prakAzita 'sampAdakIya', evaM 'samayasAra ke pATha', nAma staMbha lekhoM ke atirikta 'eka:zaraNaM zuddhopayogaH', 'AcAryazrI ke saMkalana se ....' evaM 'yApanIya: eka vicAraNIya bindu', Alekha Apake dvArA likhita haiM / sthAyI patA - bI - 32, chattarapura eksaTaiMzana, naMdA phArma ke pIche, naI dillI- 110030 10. zrImatI amitA jaina - prAkRta, apabhraMza evaM jainavidyA kI svAdhyAyI viduSI / zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha meM saMcAlita prAkRtabhASA pAThyakrama meM adhyApana kArya ke sAtha-sAtha kundakunda bhAratI jaina zodha saMsthAna meM 'digambara jaina sAhitya meM lezyA ' viSaya para zodha kAryarata / isa aMka meM prakAzita Alekha 'bhAratIya zikSaNa vyavasthA evaM jaina vidvAn' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA likhita hai / patrAcAra - patA -- bI-704, prathama tala, saphadarajaMga inkleva eksaTaiMzana, naI dillI- 110029 11. zrImatI raMjanA jaina - hindI sAhitya kI viduSI lekhikA haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita Alekha 'samrAT khAravela kI adhyAtmadRSTi' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA viracita hai| sthAyI patA - bI -32, chattarapura eksaTaiMzana, naMdA phArma ke pIche, naI dillI-110030 12. zrImatI mamatA jaina - 3 - Apa zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha meM 'AcArya' 'kuku ke sAhitya meM naya dRSTi' viSaya para zodhakAryarata haiM / isa aMka meM prakAzita 'preraka vyaktitva' staMbha ke aMtargata prakAzita 'DaoN0 hukamacanda bhArilla' nAmaka Alekha Apake dvArA racita hai / sthAyI patA - bI - 81, azokA enkaleva pIrAgar3hI cauka, naI dillI prAkRtavidyA ke svatvAdhikArI evaM prakAzaka zrI surezacandra jaina, maMtrI, zrI kundakunda bhAratI, 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI- 110067 dvArA prakAzita; evaM mudraka zrI mahendra kumAra jaina dvArA, pRthA oNphaseTsa prA0 li0, naI dillI- 110028 para mudrita / bhArata sarakAra paMjIyana saMkhyA 48869/89 108 prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara 198

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ADVANCED CENTR bhavya jhalakiyA~ prathAma khAravela-puraskAra samarpaNa-samAroha kI puraskAra-samarpaNa ke pUrva samAroha-maMca para AsIna ur3IsA ke mahAmahima rAjyapAla zrI sI0 raMgarAjana jI, sabhAdhyakSa sAhU rameza canda jI jaina, RSabhadeva pratiSThAna ke adhyakSa zrI svarUpa canda jI jaina, AgarA evaM anya gaNamAnya mahAnubhAva

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MR-JAINA HERITAGE OF ORISSA JANUARY 99 SAN FOL BY ION. 41 puraskAra-samarpaNavidhi meM sarvaprathama puraskAra prAptakartA dharmAnurAgI vidvAn jI0 brahmappA ko tilaka karate hue mAnanIya mukhyamaMtrI zrI jAnakI vallabha paTanAyaka jii| sAtha meM khar3e haiM RSabhadeva pratiSThAna ke adhyakSa zrI svarUpacanda jI jaina, AgarAvAle

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\TIU DELHI DIES vidvadvarya jI0 brahmappA ko rajatamayI prazastipatra bheMTa karate huye mAnanIya mukhyamaMtrI jI

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HINARTAINA HERITAGE TAMRA HERITAGE OF ORISSA ORGANISE DEV FO sammAnarAzi (eka lAkha rupaye) kA ceka prApta karate huye vidvadvarya brahmappA jii| sAtha meM hai mAnanIya mukhyamaMtrI jI, unakI sahadharmiNI zrImatI jayaMtI paTanAyaka jI, evaM zrI svarUpacaMda jI jaina Adi

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BB DBSR puraskAra prApta karane ke bAda bhAvavibhora hokara apane udgAra vyakta karate huye vidvadvarya brahmappA jI

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/ | GUESTS IV.I.PS isa samAroha meM deza bhara se samAgata viziSTa vidvAn, samAjasevI zrImakta evaM vidyAnurAgI bhAI-bahineM

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kAryakrama ke bAda "samrAT khAravela' nAmaka kannar3a bhASAmayI yazasvI (puraskRta) kRti ke racayitA vidvadvarya brahmappA jI ne kumArIparvata para sthita hAthIgumphA ke usa aitihAsika zilAlekha kA avalokana kiyaa| isa avasara para hAthIgumphA ke andara zilAlekha kA avalokana karate hue zrI brahmappA jI, sAtha meM haiM kundakunda bhAratI ke nidezaka pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jI jaina, viduSI DaoN0 (zrImatI) vidyAvatI jaina, DaoN0 satyaprakAza jaina, dillI evaM prAkRtavidyA ke prabandha sampAdaka paM0 mahAvIra zAstrI

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zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI saMskRta vidyApITha (mAnita vizvadyAlaya ) naI dillI meM - 110016 saMcAlita prAkRtabhASA pAThyakrama kI kucha jhalakiyA~ prAda bhAsI pAieko kakSA meM par3hAte huye pAThyakrama ke saMyojaka DaoN0 sudIpa jaina (125): kakSA meM par3hate huye vidyArthIgaNa (chAtra - chAtrAyeM )

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Antarika parIkSaNa meM parIkSA dete huye prAkRtabhASA pAThyakrama ke chAtra-chAtrAyeM parIkSA dene ke bAda prasannacitta chAtra-chAtrAyeM

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ROY prAkRtabhASA pAThyakrama ke chAtra-chAtrAoM kA samUha-citra

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dinAMka 28 pharavarI 1999 ko saMpaThana bhagavAna mahAvIra kendra ke udghATana samAroha kI bhavya jhalakiyA~ kAryakrama meM padArpaNa karate hue pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI munirAja pUjya AcAryazrI ke darzanArtha Ate hue mAnanIya pradhAnamaMtrI zrI aTala bihArI vAjapeyI jI, sAhU ramezacaMdra jI evaM zrI lakSmImala siMghavI Adi gaNamAnyajana

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udghATana-sthala para zilAphalaka ke anAvaraNa ke pUrva mAnanIya pradhAnamaMtrI jI ko tilaka karate hue paM0 jayakumAra upAdhye samAroha meM samAgata apAra dharmAnurAgI janasamUha ke madhya dRSTigocara ho rahe haiM vidvadvarya DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI evaM pro0 vAcaspati upAdhyAya jI

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bhAva sanAtana aura sArvabhaumika hai- bhAvoM ko kevala vibhinna bhASAoM meM hI abhivyakta kiyA jAtA hai aura hamAre bhASAI vaividhya meM jo eka ullekhanIya tathya hai vaha hai- - anya bhASAoM se lAye gaye zabda aura eka sahaja tatparatA se inakA hamArI bhASAoM meM ghula-mila jAnA, samAhita ho jAnA / yadi kisI bhI bhASA ko kAyama rahanA hai, phailanA hai aura phalanA-phUlanA hai, to vyApaka stara para pArasparika vyavahAra, AdAna-pradAna atyaMta mahattvapUrNa hai - abhI bahuta kucha hAsila kiyA jAnA hai| bhASA kI eka sAMjhI AtmA hai, ise jIvanta banAye rakhiye / navabhArata TAimsa prakAzana- samUha kI zubhakAmanAoM sahita

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amorim A treasure trove of shopping. A delight for the family with a sweep of tantalizing Readymades, Gifts, Novelties, Tempting Household Linen, Made-ups, Accessories Handicrafts, Watches and Jewellery. amorino TM PERFECT SHOPPING EIC HOUSE, HAUZ KHAS, AUROBINDO MARG, NEW DELHI-110016