Kshatriyakund

Author(s): Darshanvijay
Publisher: Jain Prachya Vidyabhavan
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/022689/1

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15thaj | UNCATI! | muni darzanavijayajI (tripuTI). vA .

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kSatriya kuMDa :lekhaka: . muni darzanavijayajI tripuTI) saMpAdaka : muni jJAnavijayajI zrI. jaina prAvya vidyAbhavana amadAvAda

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prAptisthAna zrI. jaina prApya vidyAbhavana aM. na. 45, jaina seAsAyaTI elIsatrIja, a ma dA vA 6, prakAzakaH vrajalAla phUlacaMda dezI paTavA pALane nAke, mahesANA. zA. caMdulAla lakhubhAI parIkha nAgajI bhUdharanI pALamAM makADInI pALa, amadAvAda. kImata: eka rUpiyA pahelI AvRtti : nakala 1000 I. sa. 1950 vikrama savaMta 2006 mudraka H gAvi dalAla jagazIbhAi zAha, zAradA su draNA la ya, pAkAra nAkA : amadAvAda.

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e mAla .. A pustikAne prakAzita karatAM amane ghaNA haSa thAya che. zrI jaina prAcyavidyAbhavane pAMca varSanI vayamAM jaina saMdhanI surUpa " e paNa sAhityasevA bajAvI che. upayogI sAhitya prakrAzana vidyAbhavananu kAya che; tethI ja bhagavAna zrImahAvIra prabhunI janmabhUmi mATe sapramANu vicAraNA ApatI A pustikAne ame janatAnA karakamaLamAM sAdara karIe chIe. suni zrauDhanavijayajIe A pustikAne samayeAcita banAvI che. muni zrIjJAnavijayajI tathA muni zrInyAyavijayajInA sahayAma A vidyAbhavanane haMmeza mATe che ja. ame temanA AbhArI chIe. AnA prakAzanamAM zAhu mAtIlAla mAhAlAle peAtAnAM sadgata mAtuzrI rUkSmiNI benanA smaraNArthe ane zrImatI subhadrAene zrIyuta kAMtilAla sAma' sAMkaLaca'nA smaraNArthe pUrI mad ApI che ane teeAnI uttarAttara jJAnapracAranI bhAvanA anusAre kiMmata rAkhI che. te badala ame temane dhanyavAda ApIe chIe. ame dareka bhAI enAne sUcavIe chIe ke teonA dAkhalA laI amane jJAnapracAramAM haMmezAM sahayAya ApatA rahe. jaina seAsAyaTI ma. na. 45 amadAvAda tA. 1-1-50 nivedakA zAha premacaMdu bAlAbhAI zAhu AzAbhAI chaganalAla matrI zrI jaina prAmya vidyAbhavana

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chUTuM chavAyuM [ prastAva ] caitranA mahinA cAlatA hatA. parama tAraNuhAra bhagavAna mahAvIranI sa. 1989 nI sAlanI jayaMtI dilhI zaheramAM jAhera paMDAlamAM bahu damadakhA sAthe UjavI, ame AgAmI vihAranA vicAra karI rahyA hatA. tyAM ekAeka saunA manamAM sphuraNA thaI AvI ke prathama tIrthaMkara, Adi yuganAyaka bhagavAna RSabhadeve jyAM kSurasathI pAraNu karyuM hatuM: e pavitra bhUmi para akSaya tRtIyAnA divasa niga mavA. icchA ati suMdara hatI. ame sau ekamata thayA ne vihAra karIne eka aThavADiyuM agAu hastinApura jaI pahoMcyA, e pavitra bhUminAM rajakaNA vacce ghUmIne ame mAnasika ne Atmika ullAsa anubhavI rahyA hatAH tyAM eka divasa paMjAkha vibhAganA purAtattvakhAtAnA vaDA zrI. dayArAma sahAnI sAthe amArA samAgama thaI gayA. atyAra pahelAM ahIM vetAmbara nasIyAjI pAsethI digambara smRti ane digambara madira pAsethI zvetAmbara mUrti nIkaLI hatI. zrIyuta dayArAma sahAnI purAtattva khAtA taraphathI tenI purI vigata levA mATe ahIM AvyA hatA. temane ame tyAM chIe evI khabara maLatAM tarata ja jasavaMtarAya

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OMnI sAthe amArI pAse dharmazALAmAM AvyA ane TIlA, jaina madirA tathA ukta mUrtionA nirIkSaNa mATe amane paNa sAthe laI gayA. judI judI sthAnanA phrATA lIdhA ane zilAlekhA paNa levAyA. navI nIkaLelI digambara mUrtinA lekha paDimAtrAmAM hatA. enA muzkela vAMcanamAM ame utsAhapUrvaka madada karI ane emanuM kAma dhAryA karatAM alpa samayamAM pUrNa thayuM. A pachI teoe diga Mbara maMdiranA pUjArIne khelAvIne pUchyuM, ke tamArA ma Mdira pAsethI gaLAmAM hAravALuM ne kezavALuM eka mastaka je zvetAMbara mUrtinA avazeSa tarIke mAnavAmAM AvyuM hatuM, te kayAM che? pUjArI haiAziyAra hatA. pahelAM tA eNe sIdheA javAma na ApyA, paNa pachI jarA amaladArI tArathI prazna pUchatAM eNe kahyuM: " sAheba, e mAthu' ahIMthI cha (bhuDagaMgA)mAM nAMkhI dIdhuM che, je have mAIla dUra vRddha gaMgA maLI zake tema nathI." zrI. sahAnI sAhebanA krodhane sImA naheAtI; paNa ame temane zAMta pADayA. tyAra pachI bapAre bIjA TIlAe joyA. temaNe sAMje dilhI jatAM amane kahyuM ke, Apa jo dillI Ave! teA mane jaNAvo, huM tamArA prAkRta ane paDimAtrAnA jJAnanA thADAeka lAbha levA icchuM chuM. ame kahyuM : jarUra, ame dilhI AvatAM tamane jaNAvIzuM. A rIte teo sAthe amArA gADha paricaya thayeA. pachI te sAlatu amAruM cAmAsuM dilhImAM kinArI bajAranA upAzrayamAM thayuM. 2

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eka divase DI. Ara. sahAnI zrIyuta dIkSitajIne sAthe laI kAgaLanA moTA bhUMgaLAMo sAthe upAzraye AvyuM pahoMcyA. temaNe AvatAM ja jaNAvyuM ke, dhArAnagarInI eka masIdanA khaMDeramAMthI eka Akhuye paththara-kAvya lAvyo chuM. bhIta upara dhULa ane mATIthI e kharAba thayuM hatuM. e bhejarAja viracita "kadaMDachattama " nAmanuM 900 gAthAnuM kAvya che. enI lipi paDimAtrAnI che. Apa mane emAM sahakAra Apo te mAruM kAma sukara thaI jAya. ame sahamata ja hatA. e kAma AraMbhavAmAM AvyuM, ne khUba ja saMtoSapUrvaka pUruM karavAmAM AvyuM. antima vidAya vakhate udAcitta zrIyuta sahAnIe amane pUchyuM: mArA lAyaka kaMI kAmasevA." avazya. ane te e ke Aja sudhI tame bauddhadharmanI khUba sevA bajAvI che. have evI rIte jainadharmanA purAtattava viSayamAM ApanI sevA Apa." . khuzIthI ApIza. have huM bhagavAna mahAvIranI sevAmAM mAruM jIvana gALavA vacana ApuM chuM." "te Apa eka vyavasthA karo. ame prabhu mahAvIranA janmasthAna vize zodha calAvI rahyA chIe. tyAMthI te ja sthaLane sparzIne AvI rahyA chIe. e viSayamAM Apa madada kare." teo khuzIthI emAM saMmata thayA, ne paTanA vibhAganA kayureTarane kSatriyakuMDanA phoTAo levA jaNAvyuM. paNa aphasesa.

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ke ame amadAvAdamAM bharAyela yunisamelanamAM AvIne tyAM pAchA gayA te daramiyAna zrI. sahAnInuM avasAna thayuM, ne vAta adhUrI rahI gaI je vAta adhUrI rahevAnI hoya emAM kaMI ne kaMI vinA Ave ja che. paraMtu tyArathI janmasthAna viSe pUratAM pramANe sAthe amAruM maMtavya rajU karavAnI amArI IcchA hatI ja. e IcchA pUrti ghaNA lAMbA samaye paNa thAya che, tethI lekhaka vAcaka ubhayane AnaMda thaze. kSatriyakuMDanI ATalI prAthamika usthAniko sAthe purAtattva-saMzodhanano ItihAsa keTalo samaya ane keTalAM zrama-sAdhane mAge che ene citAra Alekhave zakya nathI, e te e kAyanA abhyAsIo ja samajI zake. emAM bhASA-lipi, zilpa-sthApatya, bhaugolika dizAo, dharmo, rItarivAja, paheraveza-enAM kALamAna vagerenuM UMDuM jJAna ane avelekina joIe. eTale ja ame atizayekti vinA kahI zakIe chIe ke evA saMzodhakoe Aja sudhI bhAratIya ItihAsanI kaDIo meLavavA je jahemata uThAvI che e ghaNI phaLavatI ane prazaMsanIya che, emAM be mata nathI. ApaNe TUMkamAM e sAdhake, jemaNe zarUAtathI laIne Aja sudhI bhAratanA aMdhakAra pUrNa pradezane ajavALavA jhagAvelI jyotinI paraMparAne sAcavI rAkhI che, enuM vihaMgadaSTie avalokana karI laIe, jethI purAtattava zuM che ane enuM kSetra keTaluM vizALa, rasabharyuM chatAM aTapaTuM che ene vAcakane khyAla Ave.

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saMzodhanane ke itihAsa : A anAdi anaMta saMsAramAM keTalI bhASA ane keTalI lipio utpanna thaI ne vilaya pAmI gaI che, tenA AMkaDAo ApaNI pAse nathI ja. chellA aDhI hajAra varSamAM brAhmI, khareSThI, gupta, kuTila ItyAdi seMkaDo lipio bhAratamAM janmIne avasAna pAmI gaI che. te lipio vidyamAna nathI paraMtu tenA lekhe-lekhAze koI ke prAcIna khaMDeromAM-bhUgarbhomAM paradezI AkramaNakArenA vinAzamAMthI chAnAmAnA bacI gayelA jarjarita hAlatamAM mojuda che. madhyayugamAM tene koI ukela karI zake ema hatuM ja nahIM. bhAratamAM aMgrejI rAjya thayA pachI te vidvAne e aNumela vastuonI tarapha dhyAna gayuM ane purAtatvanI zodha mATe prayatno zarU thayA. A maMgaLamaya kAryanI zarUAta sauthI pahelAM sara viliyama jemsa karI hatI. teNe prathama "zakunAlA-nATaka ane "manusmRti'ne anuvAda prakaTa karyo ane yuropiyana, vidvAnene A tarapha AkaLyo. teNe gavarnara janarala rana hasTasanI madadathI tA. 15-1-1774 ne divase kalakattAmAM eziyATika sosAyaTInI sthApanA karI, je saMsthAe sane 1788 mAM "eziyATika risacIjhane pahele bhAga ane sane 177 sudhImAM pAMca bhAge prakAzita karyo. iMgleMDa ane se tarata ja tenAM bhASAntara tathA saMskaraNe taiyAra karI tenI mahattAne paricaya Apyo. sara jensanuM sane 174 mAM maraNa thayuM. tene sthAne henarI kelabuka nimAyA, jeNe saMskRta-prAkRta bhASAnuM adhyayana karI hiMdanA rItarivAjo, dharmo, sAhitya ane bhASAo para

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saMkhyAbaMdha nibaMdha lakhyA. temanA nirNaye Aje paNa purAtattvanA viSayamAM kimatI manAya che. teNe IlAMDamAM gayA pachIoNyala eziyATika sosAyaTInI sthApanA karI. A sAthe Do. bukanane mAIseramAM ane sane 1807 thI 1814 sudhI baMgALamAM, sAlTa sAhebe pazcima bhAratanI kenerI guphAomAM, raskina sAhebe oDisAmAM (hAthIguphA vagere), sAIkasa, Temasa Deniama, karnala mekenjhI ane De. mIlee dakSiNa hiMdamAM, karnala jemsa TeDe rajapUtAnA tathA madhya bhAratamAM e prayatna cAlu karyo. cArlsa vilkInse sane 1785 thI A mArgamAM praveza karyo ane cAreka varSane satata parizrama pachI gupta lipinI adhara varNamALA teyAra karI. karnala jemsa TeDe 1818 thI 23 sudhI mahenata laI rajapUtAnA ane kAThiyAvADamAM teone patto lagAvyuM. tenA guru yati jJAnacaMdrajIe A lekhe vAMcyA ane TeDa sAhebe potAnA 'TeDa rAjasthAnamAM tene artha ke sArAMza dAkhala karyo. bI. jI. bemiMTane I. sa. 1818mAM tAmIla ane volTara iliyaTe kAnaDInI varNamALA taiyAra karI. TrAyare samudraguptanA lekhe, Dabalyu. eca. the valabhInAM dAnapatro ane jemsa prinsepe sane 1837-38 mAM dilhI, giranAra vagerenA gukha lekhe ukelyA, tyAra pachI ukta traNe vidvAnonA satata prayAsathI gupta lipinI saMpUrNa varNamALA taiyAra thaI gaI. have vidvAnenuM dhyAna brAhmI lipi tarapha derANuM. jo ke sara cArlsa maleTa, sara viliyama jensa ane mejara vilaphorDa

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mahenata karI paNa kAzInA eka brAhmaNe teone te aMge ThagyA. IlerAnI guphA mATe prathama jUTha artha pravarte. aMte mi. jemsa prinsepe ane pre. lAsane temAM sAtha Ape. mi. prinsepe I. sa. 1893 thI te mATe svataMtra prayatna AraMbhyo, ane pAdarI jemsa sTIvansana ane prolAsane temAM sAtha A mi. prinsepe sane 1837 mAM 4 pachI vAra zabda zodhI kADhayA, ene pariNAme brAhmI lipinI varNamAlA taiyAra thaI gaI, jenA AdhAre azokanA dareka zilAlekhe vaMcAyA ane aMgreja vidvAnee "dilhIno azokane staMbha je elekajhAMDarane grIka bhASAmAM lakhAyela vijayI staMbha che ItyAdi mAnI rAkhyuM hatuM, temAM sudhAro kare paDyo. A lekho maurya rAjAnA samayanI prAkRta bhASAmAM khodelAM anuzAsane che ema nakkI thayuM. A rIte brAhI lipinuM saMpUrNa jJAna vyavasthita thayuM. have kharokI lipine vAre Avyo, jemAM zAhabAjagaDhI ane morA khaDaka paranA azokanA zilAlekho tathA bekiTrayana, grIka, zaka, kSatrapa, pArthiyana ane kuzAna kALanA sikkAo tathA boddha lekhe khodAyelA che tene hAthamAM lI. karnala jemsa ToDe te te rAjavaMzanA sikkAone mATe saMgraha karyo hato, jemAM eka bAju grIka ane bIjI bAju kharAThI akSara kotarelA hatA. karnala ToDe sane 1824mAM kaDaphisanA sikkAnA akSarene seleniyana tarIke jAhera karyA. mi. prinsepe sa. 1833mAM epele DenTasanA sikkA paranA A lipi akSarone pahalavI

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29 akSarA mAnyA. sane 1834mAM eka khIjA stUpanA akSaro joine peAtAnI e mAnyatAne vadhAre majabUta valaNa ApyuM. vaLI te te lipi semeTika varga nI hAvAnuM paNa jAhera thayuM chatAM te dareka prayatna bhUlabharelA lekhAyA ane sane 1838 pachI mi. prinsepe, mi. naeNrisa ane janarala kaniMgahAme te lipinA akSarAne kharAkhara eLakhI lIdhA tyAre kharAbdI lipinI saMpUrNa varNa mALA taiyAra thaI gaI. A rIte mi. jemsa prinsepe A viSayamAM mATe kALA ApyA che. tyAra pachI jemsa phargyusana, mejara kiTTo, eDavarDa TAmasa, elekajhAMDara, kaniMgahAma, vaoNlTara iliyaTa, meDAjha Telara, sTIvansana, DaoN.bhAudAjI, 5. bhagavAnalAla IMdrajI (kAThiyAvADanA), DaoN. rAjendralAla mitra (mA~gALI) vageree hiMdanA bhinna bhinna dezAmAM prayatna karI A viSayamAM khUma pragati karI che. 5. bhagavAnalAla iMdrajIe hidanA pazcima vibhAgamAM aneka zilAlekhA, tAmrapatrA ukelyA hatA, ane vizeSa smaraNIya khanI zake tevA eDisAnA khaDagiri, uyagirinI hAthIguphAmAMnA samrAT khAravelanA lekhane yuddha rIte ukelI atAvI nAmanA meLavo. sane 1844mAM laDananI rAyala eziyATika sAsAyaTIe IsTa IMDiyA kaMpanIne A kAmamAM madada ApavA vinaMti karI. 1851mAM karnala kaniMgahAme bahu buddhimAnI vAparI, sTa iDiyA kaMpanInA gaLe e vAta barAbara utArI tyAre sane 1852 mAM kriyAleAjikala DIpArTameTa' khelavAmAM

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12 AvyuM. sane 1871 thI sarakAre sara kaniMgahAmane te vibhAganA DAyarekaTara janarala nImyA, jeNe A viSayamAM ghaNA ja parizrama laI aneka khAkhatA para ajavALuM pADayu che te sane 1885 mAM nivRtta thayA eTale temane sthAne DaoN. marja sa DAyarekaTara janarala tarIke nimAyA. teo paNa 1889mAM nivRtta thayA ane e kArya maMda paDyuM. aMte lAIkane eziyATika sAsAyaTInA sArabhamAM tA. 1-2-1899mAM A khAtAne unnata karavA khUba bhAra mUkayo. pariNAme sarakAre sane 1901 mAM A khAtAne eka lAkha rUpiyA kharacavAnI maMjUrI ApI. sane 1902mAM janarala mAla sAheba rhiMdamAM AvyA tyAre navA DAyarekaTara janarala tarIke nimAyA. tyArathI A khAtAnA navA itihAsa zarU thAya che. pachI tA hiMdanA dezI rAjyAe paNa A tarapha dhyAna ApyuM. jyAM tyAM saMgrahAlaye sthapAyAM ane briTIza rAjayamAM paNa myujhiyama khAlAyAM. purAtana saMsthAdhananA itihAsanA A sAra che. (jai. sA. kha. 2. aMka 3-4) alabatta, prAthamika abhyAsI saAASakAe jaina ane bauddhane eka mAnI laIne je keTalAka nirNacA karelA che te hajIye navA saMzASakAne hAthe punarAvartana nathI pAmyA e sakheda jAhera karavuM paDe che. chatAM bhAre AnaMdanI vAta e che ke A kAryamAM pahelavahelAM videzI vidvAnAe saMzAdhananuM je vRkSa bhAratanI puNyabhUmimAM vAgyuM tene bhAratanA suputroe Aja sudhI siMcIne puSTa ane vizALa banAvyuM

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13 che. e sAdhanAzIla vidvAnAmAM Aje 5. bhagavAnalAla IMdrajI, zrI rAkhAladAsa enarajI, bhAu dAjI, rAjendralAla mitra, zrI. kAzIprasAda jAyasvAla, DaeNA. sahAnI, zrI. kAzInAthadIkSita, hasamukharAya sAMkaLiyA, zrI jinavijayajI,sAkSararatna mAhanalAla dalIcaMdna desAi vagerenAM nAmeA sAdhanAnA ItihAsamAM ujavaLa dehe prakAzI rahyAM che. saMzAdhananu pariNAma:--A saMze dhananA prayatnAnA pariNAme ghaNAM ghaNAM satyA sAMpaDayAM che. ghaNI ghaNI vastuo upara prakAza paDayo che, jene ApaNI anuzrutie paNa ALakhatI na hatI. evA keTalAye bhAratIya vIrA A sa MzAdhanamAMthI ApaNane maLyA che. jevA ke kaliMgapati samrAT bhikhkhurAja khAravela vagere ane vIra vikrama jevA samrATo thayA che ke nathI thayA athavA vikrama birudadhArI rAjavI kayA hetA AvI AvI zakAe ane anusaMdhAnA paNa A saMzodhananA phaLa svarUpe utpanna thavA lAgyAM che. khuzI thavA jevuM che ke khAsa karIne saMvatsarapravata ke vikrama mATe amadA vAda khAte bharAyelA munisa melane sthApelA mAsika patra ' jaina satya prakAza'nA 100mA ake vidvAnAnI e zakAne dUra karavA prayatna karyo ane satASaprada saphaLatA meLavI che. ahI' eka vAta khAsa noMdha karavA jevI che ke, A sazeAdhananA ItihAsa game teTale vikAsa sAdhe chatAMya hara huMmezAM vidyAthI jIvanamAM ja paryApta rahe che. navuM navuM maLe tenA AmAM samAveza thatA jAya che eTale "sazAdhananI tAravaNI chevaTanuM satya che" ema zeAdhako kadApi

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14 mAnatA nathI. Ama hovAthI keTalIka bAbatamAM bhramaNa UbhI thAya che paNa tene sudhAravAne pUrI taka maLI zake che. ApaNe jANIe che ke mathurAnA kaMkAlI TIlAnA sthApatya zarU zarUmAM boddhonA nAme caDI gayA hatA, kintu pachInA vidvAnoe e bhramaNAne dharamULathI sudhArI ane e dareka sthApatyone jenenA bha0 supArzvanAthanA rUpa ane maMdi2nA avazeSarUpe hevAnuM jAhera karyuM. eka tAjI ja vAta che, gujarAtamAM mahuDI gAmanA keTayArkanA maMdira pAsethI prAcIna jina mUrtio nIkaLI, jene vaDedarAnA De. hIrAnaMda zAstrIe te boddha tarIke jAhera karI dIdhI paraMtu roDA divasamAM ja temane vadhu beja karatAM te mUrtione jena mUrti tarIke sthAna maLyuM che. AvI rIte saMzodhananI kaLAmAM pachIthI prApta thatA sAdhanane AdhAre navuM chatAM vAstavika mUlyAMkana karavAne pUro avakAza maLI rahe che eTale ja ApaNe kahI zakIe chIe ke, saMzodhananA prayatnonuM aMtima pariNAma paNa bhaviSyakALanI sAme te vivAthI dazAmAM ja che. chatAMya e prayatna ghaNuM ghaNuM satyane sAkSAtkAra karAve che, e vAta te kadApi bhUlI na zakAya evI nakkara ja che. kSatriyakuMDa -have ApaNe mULa vAta upara AvIe. bhagavAna zrI mahAvIrasvAmI, je jagatane kalyANa mArga darzAvanAra chellA tIrthakara che, temane janma, kevaLajJAna ane mekSa anukrame kSatriyakuMDa, juvAlukA ane pAvApurImAM thayAM che. kahevuM joIe ke, A traNe sthaLe bhAratavarSanAM mahAna pavitra tIrtharUpa che. A traNe tIrthadhAme anukrame lachavADa pAse, gIraDIha pAse, ane bihAra zarIphanI pAse

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vidyamAna che. tyAM bha0 mahAvIrasvAmInI mUrti tathA pAdukAvALAM bhavya maMdira che, bhAratanI prajA Aje tyAM yAtrAe jAya che ane AtmasAdhanAnAM eja laI Ave che. have enA saMzAdhana tarapha najara nAkhIe, te jaNAI Avaze ke AjanA saMzodhake A traNe tIrthadhAmene vAstavika rIte tyAM hovAne cekhe InkAra bhaNe che. Do. harmana yAkebI, De. hAnale, 5. kalyANavijayajI mahArAja ane A. vijayesUrie judA judA lakhANethI Aje jyAM kSatriyakuMDa che, tene jUThA tarIke jAhera karyuM che ane te kyAM hovuM joIe te mATe vividha kahapanAo karI che. sAmAnya vAMcaka teone vAMce te acUka temanI tarapheNamAM jaI Ubho rahe evI teonI dalIlo che. teoe maLelA pramANeno niceDakADhI nakkI karyuM che ke "AjanuM kSatriyakuMDa te sAcuM kSatriyakaMDa nathI. paraMtu mAre sakheda lakhavuM paDe che ke A lekhakemAMthI ke kSatriyakuMDa gayA ja nathI. teoe mAtra dUra beThA. beThA pAzcAtya vidvAne nA vicAronA AdhAre ja A kapanAenA killAo UbhA karyA che. teonA A nirNayanI viruddhamAM ApaNane ghaNI dalIle ane sara-pATho maLe che, jenA AdhAre ApaNe evA nirNaya para AvI zakIe chIe ke AjanuM kSatriyakuMDa e ja bhagavAna zrI mahAvIranI janmabhUminuM sAcuM kSatriyakuMDa che. A vastune spaSTa karavA mATe A yukiAnI racanA thaI che. bhagavAnanI vANI-bhagavAna zrI mahAvIrasvAmInI upadeza-bhASAne pradhAnatA ApIe te te paNa kSatriyakuMDanA. sthAnane aMge sAre prakAza pADe che.

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16 jaina AgamamAM ullekha che ke-- bhagavaM ca NaM addha-mAgahIe bhAsApa dhammamAikkhaI / --tI"kara bhagavAna a mAgadhI bhASAmAM dharmopadeza Ape che. ( gaNadhara zrIsudha svAmIkRta, 'samavAyAMga sUtra') bhAsAyariyA jeNa addhamAgahIe bhAsApa bhAsati / --bhASAA ardhamAgadhI bhASAmAM Ave che. (A. zyAmAcAyakRta, 'prajJApanA sutra') porANamaddhamAgaddabhAsA - niyaya havai suttaM ! --prAcIna jinAgAma a mAgadhIbhASAmAM guMthAyela che. ( A. jinadAsagaNi mahattara, nizItha cUrNi) A pADAthI spaSTa che ke bhagavAna mahAvIrasvAmIe ardhavidehI ke adhavajI bhASAmAM nahIM, kintu ardhamAgadhI bhASAmAM upadeza ApyA che. temanI mAtRbhASA e magadhanI hAvAthI tee adhamAgadhI bhASAmAM ja khelatA hatA. AthI sAdhAraNa rIte e anumAna karI zakAya che ke bhagavAnanI janmabhUmi videhamAM nahI, vizAlA pAse nahIM, kintu magadhadezanI pAse hatI. A rIte paNa magadhanI pAse agnikAmAM vaseluM kSatriyakuMDa e ja bhagavAna zrImahAvIrasvAmInI janmabhUmi hatI evuM nakkI thAya che. A sivAya bIjA pramANeA prastuta pustikAmAM Apela che. A pustikAmAM te te vidvAnAnA zuM zuM mata che prathama tene dalIleA sAthe sthAna ApyuM che ane tyAra pachI

Page #18
17 A AkhAya praznane upalabdha pramANethI cha pramANenA AdhAre je nakkI thAya che, tene ja aMtima satya tarIke ApavAmAM AvyuM che. A aMtima satyane pramANene Teke che eTaluM ja nahi kitu janamAnyatA sAthe paNa pUro sumeLa che. eTale A pustikA paNa saMzodhananA ItihAsamAM navuM kiraNa pheMkaze evI dhAraNuthI taiyAra karavAmAM AvI che. aMte vAMcako A pustikAne upagapUrvaka vAMce ane vAstavika satya meLave e AzApUrvaka A lakhANa samApta karuM chuM. saM. 2006 mA. su. 11 ) jena sosAyaTI ( muni darzanavijaya. amadAvAda,

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anukrama viSaya prastAvanA : (1) janmasthAna (2) aitihAsika bhUlabhUlAmaNuka (3) kSatriyakuM ane mAnyatAo: 1. zvetAMbara mAnyatAH 2. digaMbara mAnyatAH 3. pAzcAtya vidvAnonI mAnyatAH (4) traNa mAnyatAoH (5) sapramANa vicAraNaH 1. Aryadeza ane kSatriya 2. pATanagara vaizAlI 3. vaizAlI ane gaMDakI nadIH 4. vaizAlInAM gAme 5. vaizAlI ane vesADaH 6. pATanagara kuMThapuraH 7. kSatriyakuMDa ane nadI vagere

Page #20
19 41 43 44 46 47 pa7 8. kSatriyakuMDanAM gAmo 9. vaizAlI ane kSatriyaH 10. kSatriyakuM ane vesADa gaDha vagereH. 11. kSatriyakuMDa ane vAsukuM? 12. prAcIna kSatriyakuMDa ane arvAcIna kSatriyakuM? 13. siddhArtha rAjAH 14. trizalA rANuM H 15. bhagavAna mahAvIraH 16. gaMgA pAra vihAra: 17. kSatriya kuMDamAM vihAraH 18. kSatriyakuMDa ane pAvApurIH (ka) tAravaNI : kSatriyakuMDanuM mAnacitra (nakaze) pAdanoMdha (pATha)ne anukrama noMdha 1. AryadezaH 2 muni vihArabhUmi: 3. 16 janapada 4. videha mithilA : 5. vasaMdha, vaidehIputra, ATha saMdhaH 6. videha-mithilA 7. bhAratIya itihAsakI rUparekhA ? 8. vaizAlI :

Page #21
11. kulapura gAma H 12. naiyaka gaNurAjA : 9. zrImatI sTIvansananu' hIsTrI opha jainijhama' : 74 10. kuDapuraH 74 74 75 75 75 05 13. gaNu rAjA H 14. licchavI dauhitra .: 20 OM 15. maMkI nadI, vANijyagAma : 16. gautamabuddha-vihAra mA 17. gAMtika gAma H 20. bamaNugAma : 21. nAtakhaMDa vanaH 18. krAllAga sanniveza, kAlTayagAma, kAllA : 19. kSatriyakuMDanAM nAmeA : 21, bahuzAla : 22. siddhArtha rAjA 23. Aya kula ti : 24. kSatriya rAjAe H 25. kSatriya vaTa : 26. khattiyavaravasahA H 27. bhagavAna mahAvIrasvAmI vagere nAmeA : 28. vaizAlika bhagavAna mahAvIra H 29. bhagavAnanA vihAra: 30. bhagavAna mahAvIranAM cAmAsAM: paTTAvalI samuccaya mATe DaoN. zuIMganA abhiprAya. * OM jaya 77 77 80 81 83 84 2 2 2 2 84 5 85 2 4 4

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zrI meAtIlAla mAhAlAlanAM mAtuzrI rukSmaNIbena [sva`vAsa sa. 2004phA. va. 9. ]

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Page #24
// zrISIraMm zrIcaritram // kSatriyakuMDa [janmasthAna ] kalakattA vi. saH 1987nA pASa mahimAnI vAta che. cAturmAsa nimyA bAda ahiIMsAnA parama upadezaka, samanvayaDhaSTinA parama sA zramaNuM! bhagavAma zrImahAvIramInA janmane jIvanathI jenI re pavitra thaI che, e bhUmine sparzavAnI maneAbhAvanA jAgrata thaI. eka zubha divase ame lakattAthI vihAra karyo. prakRtisauMdaryathI vibhUSita e pAvanakArI pradeze vaTAvatA ame murzidAbAda, ajImagaMja, bhAgalapura, caMdmapurInI yAtrA karI kSatriyakuMDa tarapha jatA hatA. cAreka divasanA rastA bAkI hatA. eka divase ame eka gAmaDiyA bhAI ne pUchyuM; ' mahAnubhAva ! ahIMthI kSatriyaOM keTaluM thAya ?? ', : ' *** teNe saphALA ja javAba ApyA ke, ' kSatriyakuM zu ? ame A anubhavyuM ke dharatInA lAla A gAvALa paNa zu A bhUmine pichANutA nahi vhAya ! chatAM ame tene samajAvyu ke 1

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kSatriyakuMka je sthAne bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmIne janma thayo che te sthAnane ame kSatriyakuMDa kahIe chIe, je lakavADanI pAse che." A sAMbhaLatAM ja teNe AnaMdamAM AvIne kahyuM, che tyAre ema pUchene ke ahIMthI janmasthAna keTaluM dUra che? A dezanA leke te sthAnane janmasthAna" tarIke oLakhe che, kSatriyakuMDa tarIke tene khAsa kaI pichANatuM nathI, mATe have tame harakoIne "janmasthAna keTaluM dUra che ema pUchaze, eTale tamane barAbara uttara maLaze." te bhAInI A vAta sAcI hatI. A pradezanI janatA kSatriyakuMDane janmasthAna tarIke ja oLakhe che ane janmasthAna pUchavA mAtrathI teo kSatriyakuMDanuM najIkapaNuM dUrapaNuM tathA raste barAbara batAvatA hatA. aMte ame pioSa vadi 7 ne divase kSatriyakuMDa AvI pahoMcyA. vIsamA tIrthaMkara zramaNa bhagavAna zrImahAvIrasvAmInI e janmabhUmi ! bha0 mahAvIrasavAmInAM cyavana, janma ane dIkSA ema traNa lyANake ahIM thayAM che. eTale kSatriyakuMDa te bhAratavarSanAM pavitramAM pavitra aitihAsika tIrthadhAmomAM agragaNya tIrthadhAma che. aitihAsika bhalabhUlavaNI paNa ItihAsanA abhyAsI amane-tarata ja ItihAsavide vacce lAMbA samayathI kSatriyakuMDanA sthaLa viSe cAlI rahelI caco yAda AvI. aneka vAdo vartatA hatA ne vivAdane pAra nahote. zramaNa bhagavAne pitAnAM traNa kalyANakAthI jene pAvana karyuM e baDabhAgI kSatriyakuMDanagara viSe ja vivAda?

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kSatriyakuMDa te mATe Aje ApaNane judI judI vicAradhArAo maLe che. te viSayanA jANakAra vidvAnA A aMge evA evA nih yA mUkI de che ke, jene vAMcatAM ApaNe cikti thaI jaIe, ane tarata ja ema mAlI UThIe ke aDhI hajAra varSa pahelAMnA kSatriyakuMDane zuM ApaNe ATalI jaladI bhUlI gayA chIe athavA tenI kAyApalaTane lIdhe ApaNe bhramita thaI gayA chIe ? game te hA, paNa Aje kSatriyakuM Da purAtattvanI draSTie gaMbhIra vicAraNAnuM aMga manyuM che, ane sa MzAdhanapriya vidyAnA te mATe peAtAnI kalamadvArA judA judA ni caiA ApyuM jAya che. ame paNa temAM nirNayanI draSTie upayAgI thAya tema karavA A prayatna ArabhyA che. sau pahelAM eka vAta jANavI jarUrI che ke, aMga, bihAra, baMgAla, magadha, uttara hiMda ane videha e jainA tathA ohonI prAcIna dhama pracAranI bhUmi che. bauddo za'rAcArya nA samayamAM hiMdamAMthI hijarata karI gayA, ane khAreka sadIo pachI pAchA AvyA, te daramiyAna tee bauddha tIrthabhUmiene bhUlI gayA hatA. jainA paNa e ja arasAmAM hiMdamAMthI nahi kintu pUrva dezamAMthI hijarata karI gayA hatA, ane madhya hiMda, pazcima hiMda tathA dakSiNamAM paDeoMcI gayA hatA. jainee yugapalaTA thatAM ja punaH pUrva dezamAM AvI peAtAnAM tIrthone sAvadhAnIthI peAtAne tAbe karI lIdhAM. bha. neminAthanAM e kalyANakA ane tevIza bhagavAneAnAM pAMce kalyANakA A pradezamAM thayAM che. eTale jainAe tyAM tyAM jaI sammatazikhara, pAvApurI, kSatriyakuMDa, rAjagRhI vagere tIrthasthAnA ane mathurAnA supArzva stUpa vagere tIrthAna kabaje laI lIdhAM.

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padavI vAta che ke jene dhImAnAzA ane annanAtha jo pitAnAM keTalAMka tIrthone rAdhIna karI zakyA nahi. na bhUlavuM na joIe ke, digambara dharma dakSiNamAM ja che ane tyAM ja vizeSa phAlyo che eTale pUrva dezamAM tINo havetAMbara sane ja AdhIta hatAM, ane hijarata pachI paNa vatAMbarsamAcAryoe eja tIrthone pAchAM levAnI kALajI rAkhI hatItemaja samaya AvatAM e tIrthone hastagata kya hatAM. A ja kAraNe A0 zrI mApapaTTasarinA samaye tIrtha vahANI thaI tyAre temaja jagA AzrIvijayahIrasRSTinA samaye samrATa akabare tIrthonA paravAnA ApyA tyAre A tIrtho vetAMbara saMghane AdhIna rahyAM hatAM ane Aje paNa letAMmara saMsthA vahIvaTamAM che A ItihAsa ahIM eTalA mATe Ape che ke, jene kaIka tIrthanI asela bhUmine oLakhI na zakyA heya, te A gaDabaDamAM te paNuM banavuM saMbhavita che, ema mAnavAnI taka maLe. astu. hASiyakuMDa aMge mAnyatAo have ApaNe mULa vAta upara AvIe. kSatriyakuMDa kaNAM AvyuM? te mATe Aje traNa mAne che. e jotAmbara mAratA prAcIna mAnyatA anusAra lakhIsarAI sTezanathI ne tyanakSiNamAM 18 mAIla siddhadazAthI dakSiNe. 2. mAila, nAlathI pUrvamAM, 34mAli ane jayuIthI pazcimamAM 14mAIla kara nahI kAMThe lachANA gAma cheje. licchavIonI bhUmi

Page #28
hatI. ahI jaina dharmazALA che ane bha0 maharivIrasvAmInuM devAyA che. lokavADathI dakSiNa-3 AilanADI koDe kANATa che, hAM bhaTa mahAvIranA dIyAsthAne be jaina maMdiro che ane AtAtaLeTI che. tyAMthI 1-lAlAnI, 2-dimAnI, 1 cAharahImanI ane 3-cikanAnI ema sAta pahohI-ghATI(caDAvautAra) baTAlI mAM 3 mAIla dUra " janmasthAna" nAmanI bhUmi Ave che, tyAM bha0 mahAvIra svAmInuM derAsara che cikanAnA caDAvathI pUrvamAM 6 mAIla jatAM lodhApAnI nAmanuM sthAna Ave che. tyAM pANInuM jharaNuM che, jUnI bAMdhelo ku che, jUnAM kheDe che, TIlo che, jemAMthI purANI gajIyA iTA maLe che. A bhUmi ja asalamAM bha0 mahAdhInuM "bajasthAna che, jenuM bIjuM nAma kSatriyakuMDa che. paraMtu game te kAraNe ahIM Aje derAsara vagere nathI. Aje jyAM derAsara che tyAM rapa0 varSa pahelAM paNa e hatuM ane tenI pUrvamAM 3 keza para kSatriyakuMDa sthAna manAtuM hatuM, ema te saMmayanI tIrtha mALAono ulekhe parathI barAbara jANI zakAya che. eTale ke, lodhA pANInuM sthAna e ja va DanI asalI smRmiza: aDhI hajAra varSa pahelAM sAkSazilA, kauzIbI, chAyANI, tAMbikA, kaNAgara, vaizAlI, rAjagRhI, nAlaMdA, caMpA, viSa vore aneka nahi hatA, Aje tyAM che saddhi nathI, te lailA nathI, te ttatA nathI. mAtra ujaha verAna kalAvo rvalasilo, aDe ke tenA avazeSarUpehAM nAM gAmaDA nA paDe che. triya hatI paNa karAla kALanA prabhAve e ja zA thaI che ne jemAM ApaNane evI kAmanA

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zarivA paNa na Ave ke, eka samaye A eka vizALa ane samRddha zahera haze. tenI cAre bAju nAnAM nAnAM gAmo vaselAM che, jene vistAra jotAM ema mAnavuM paDe che ke te kALanuM e vizALa kSatriyakuMDa nAza pAmyuM che ane teNe paraMparAe A nAnAM nAnAM gAmaDAMone janma Ape che. eTale A gAmaDIenI vistAra bhUmi te ja prAcIna kSatriyakuMDa che. ekaMdare A kSatriyakuMDanI "kSetrasthitimAM nIce mujaba che: A pahADI pUrva-pazcime 20 mAIla lAMbI, uttara, dakSiNe kayAMka 4 mAIla ane kyAMka ochI pahelI che. "janmabhUminI cAre tarapha dIpAkarahara, megarUha, harakhAra, pAbela, gAyaghATa, caMdanabara, mahAlIA tAla, pharagI paththara, jilAra, rajalA ItyAdi gAme AvelAM che. AMbA vagerenAM jhADe che ane khetInI jamIna che. kuMDeghATamAM eka AMbalInuM jhADa hatuM, je thoDAM varSo thayAM nAza pAmyuM che. 2000 varSa pahelAM mathurApurIthI pahADI raste thaIne sIdhA janmasthAna javAtuM hatuM, Aje te mArga cAlu nathI. hAla lachavADathI upara lakhelA raste pahADI-ghATI vaTAvIne janmasthAne javAya che. Aje e ja mArga cAlu che. muMbaIthI pUnA janAra musAphara khaMDAlAne ghATa caDe eTale sapATa bhUmimAM jaIne Ubho rahe che ane tyAMthI caDAva-utAra vinAnA sapATa raste thaIne lonAvalA ke pUnA pahoMcI jAya che. AvuM ja kaMIka kSatriyakuMDa mATe che. lavAhathI kSatriyakuMDa janAra musAphara cikanAnI ghATI caDe eTale sapATa bhUmimAM jaI UbhuM rahe che, jyAM Aje janmasthAnanuM

Page #30
kSatriyakuMDa dezasara che. tyAMthI dakSiNamAM AgaLa vadhe tA sapATa raste ja matanAjI jaI pahoMce che. navAdAthI jasuI javAne e kAcI sakA che: eka te navAdAthI sIdhA pUrvamAM cAlIe tA kAdiragaMja, pAkarIbaravAna, IslAmanagara, alagaja, mIrajAgaja, sikaMdarA, mahAdevasiriyA thaI 45 mAIla dUra jasuI Ave che. bIje raste navAdAthI dakSiNa-pUrva ane IzAnanA anuthAkAra vaLAMka laI e tA kAdiragaMja, rAha, rUpAva, majahilA, kAvakAla, pacakhA, lAlapura, matanAjI, harakhAra, TeTariyA- Tenara, DArimA, phatehapura, kherA, nimAraga thaI jasuI 55 mAIla thAya che. A baMne sakiAnI vacce kSatriyakuMDanI pahADIonA gherAvA eka nAnakaDA TApu jevA lAge che. A khane saDakAne joDanArA pahADI mArgI paNa che. A rIte rastA eLagI eka saDakethI bIjI saDake javAya che. sAmAnya rIte te mArgo A pramANe che: (1) mIrajAgajathI mathurApurI, mArcanI, pahADIghATI thaIne matanAjI javAya che. (2) sikadAthI lachavADa, kuMDaghATa, pahADIghATI, bha. mahAvIrasvAmInA derAsare thaIne matanAjI javAya che. (3) sikaMdarAthI lachavADa, kuDaghATa, pahADIghATImAM pUrva tarapha vaLAMka laI harakhAra javAya che. (4) mahAdeva simariyAthI iTAsAgara, pahADIghATI, sannArI thaI sttehapura javAya che. matanAjIthI jamurkha 20 mAIla thAya, ane janma sthAnanuM derAsara uttaramAM 4 mAIla thAya che. A rastA sIdheA

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ziya sapATa che. matanAjIvALA raste thaIne moTara ke maLada gADI vagere sahelAIthI janmasthAnanA derAsare jaI zake che eTale A raste lADavALA rastA jevI mahADI ghATI AvatI nathI. A pahADIomAM asatI kSatriyakuMDanuM sthAna che. tatkAlIna rAjakAraNamAM A sthAna bahu krImatI manAtuM haze. purANa kALamAM rAjadhAnI mATe khAsa pahADI bhUmi pasaMda karAtI hatI. kSatriyakuMDamAM eka tarapha ghATanA DhaLAvacaDAva che tyAre trIjI mAjI sapATa bhUmi che. eTale kSaNiyAkuMDamAM cyA meLa kudaratI rIte anyA che. mahArASTranA sihaMganI mahattA samajanAra manuSya A sthAnanI mahattA saheje samajI zake tema che. A kSatriyakuMDanagara magadha ane alaga rAjyanI bhUmimAM sarahetASI tarIke kharekhara cInanI dIvAlanI garaja sAre tevI che. prAcIna kALamAM kSatriyakuMDathI mAra javA zahe pANInA kAme jamInanA ema be mAgo hatA. Aje pratyu te mATe vidyamAna che. jemake 1. jaLamAga-kuDaghATa, kurAvavana, ahavAra nadI ane mAra gAma. 2. sthaLamArga-3 DethrATa, ghATIo ane kamAra gAma. 3. kSatriyakuMDathI mArcanI mathurApurI thaIne pAchu kAra gAma javAtuM hatuM. Aje kamAra gAmamAM brAhmAnI mATI vastI che. lavADathI 4 mAIla mAhanA ane konAkulAma gAma che.

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tyAM Aje paNa brAhmaNe vase che. lachavAthI vAyavyamAM 1 Ila para " jena DIha" (mehatI jamIna, jene sarakArI daphataramAM A nAmathI lazkela che) 3 mAila para kamAra, ane 8 mAIla para kAnAga gAma che. konAga gAma kaIka pAkSiNa tarapha paDe che. tenI pAse girUA paraSaDAmAM eka jita pratimAjI che, tene ke bIjuM nAma ApIne pUche che. kenAthI pUrvamAM 10 mAIla para sorA gAma che, tenI pAse ja vaDanadI che, je sthUla nadImAM jaIne maLe che. pAchalADathI pUrvamAM mahAdeva si.mAriyAmAM aDhI varSa pahelAM banelAM pAMca Ailaye che, tyAMnA lokoe temanI pratimA ene uThAvI laI pAsenA taLAvamAM pANarAvI dIdhI che. ekAda jina pratimA ke bauddha mUrtine bahAra rahevA dIdhI che. lachavADathI atikhUNe 2 mAIla para haramA ane rA mAila para basabuTTI (vaizyapaTTI) gAme che. A dareka gAmamAM thoDAM varSa pahelAM jinAlaye hatAM. hAla tyAM kaMI nathI. gIranA rAjA pitAne rAjA naMdivAnA caka tarIke oLakhAve che. atyAre tenI rAjadhAnI puraSavAmAM che. tAMbA zivAlayamAM saM. 1lmamAM eka zilAlekha cehano che, je asalamAM janmasthAnA derAsaro che. prAcIna mAnyatA pramANe lachavADa pAsenuM A janmamAna teja sahI sikkaDa nagara che, cAha, gAma te aAkaMDagrA, abuTTI te zyapaTTana canei e bhUmikala jo te kezura nAra che.

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kSatriya 2. digaMbara mAnyatA: - digaMbara saMgha keTalIeka bAbatamAM vetAMbara jaina saMghathI judA paDe che. temaja te keTalIka jaina tIrtha bhUmio. mATe paNa potAne jude mata dharAve che. digaMbare bha0 mahAvIrane janma kuMDapuramAM mAne che paraMtu tene artha "kuMDalapura" evo kare che ane kahe che ke, rAjagRhInA nAlaMdA pAsenuM kuMDalapura e ja bha0 mahAvIrasvAmInI. janmabhUmi che. zvetAMbare A kuMDalapurane vaDagAMva tarIke oLakhe che, jenAM bIjAM nAma gubbaragAMva (guruvaragrAma) ane kaMDalapura che. ahIM saM. 1964mAM 16 jinAlaya hatA, Aje eka zvetAMbara jinAlaya, dharmazALA, ane te dharmazALAmAM vacce zrIgautamasvAmInuM pAdukAmaMdira che. digaMbaronI mAnyatA pramANe nAlaMdA sTezanathI pazcime 2 mAIla paranuM kuMDalapura, e ja bha0 mahAvIranuM janmasthAna kSatriyakuMDa che. 8. pAzcAtya vidvAnonI mAnyatA: kSatriyakuMDa kyAM AvyuM te aMge pAzcAtya saMzodhaka trIje ja mata dharAve che. teo kahe che ke vaizAlI nagarI ke jenuM nAma hAla vesADapaTTI che, te athavA tenuM paruM, e ja sAcuM kSatriyakuMDa che. pahelavahelAM 1. hamana yAkobI tathA De. e. e. Ara. hele vageree A navI mAnyatAne janma Ape che, ane purAtatvavettA paM. zrI kalyANavijayajI ma. tathA

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sAyikuMDa ItihAsatatvamahodadhi A. zrIvijayeMdrasUrijI vageree tene Teko Ape che. eTale A mata saMzodhita matarUpe vadhu vizvAsapAtra banatuM jAya che. - have A viSayamAM teonI je je vicAraNA ke tarkazuM che tene ApaNe prathama tapAsI jaIe, jethI teonuM maMtavya samajI zakAya ane ApaNe vicArakaLAno vikAsa thAya. [1] DaoN. yAkobIe Sacred Books of the East pUrvanAM pavitra pustake" e nAmanI graMthamALAnA bAvIzamA maNukAmAM AcArAMgasUtra" ane "kalpasUtrane aMgrejI anuvAda chapAvyuM che. tenI prastAvanAne sAra A pramANe che: jainadharmanI utpatti ane vikAsanI bAbatamAM keTalAeka vidvAno Aje paNa bhUla kare che te ThIka nathI. jene sAhitya vizALa che. temAM ItihAsanAM sAdhane puSkaLa che, jaina Agame prAcIna che, je saMskRta sAhityakALa pahelAnAM che. uttarIya boddhonAM sauthI prAcIna graMzenA samakAlIna che. have bauddhonA e graMthe je buddha ane bauddhadharmane itihAsa taiyAra karavAmAM sAcAM sAdhanarUpe svIkArAyAM che te te ja keTinAM jenenAM pavitra pustake temanA ItihAsanAM prAmANika sAdhana tarIke zA mATe na svIkArI zakAya? te samajI zakAtuM nathI. ghaNA vivecake jenadharmanI utpatti tathA sthitine khoTI rIte raju kare che. kAraNa ke teonI. daSTi jenadharma e bauddhadharmanI zAkhA che, evA anumAnathI kaluSita thayelI che ane thatI jAya che. huM e mithyAbhramane

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haThAvavA prayatna karI mane jaina bhAgo brAvaSThi pramaziktA ane pratiSThAne pAtra che te sAbita karI ApIza. temAM prathama mahAvIra sabaMdhI vicAraNA karIe. "mahAvIra te kuMDazullA rAjA sitAnA putra hatA. jene kaMkSAmane mATe cAra ane siddhArthane pratAmI rAjA mAne che. A varNana atizayoktivALuM che. vicArAMga satramAM kaMDArane sanniveza tarIke jaNAvyuM che. TIkAkAra tene artha "yAtrike ke sArthavAhanuM vizrAmasthAna" e kare che. AthI ema lAge che ke, te sAmAnya sthAna haze. "AcArAMgasutrathI samajAya che ke, te videhamAM AveluM hatuM. "mahAvagyasUtramAM lakhyuM che ke, gautamabuddha keTigrAma padhAryA tyAre vaizAlInA lisTavIo tathA AmrapAtrI vezyA temane vAMdavA adhyAM hatAM. buddha tyAMthI cAlI gAMsikAnA pAkA makAnamAM jaI utayI. AmrapAlIe tenI pAsenuM pANAnuM udyAna siMdhane haTa karyuM. buddha tyAMthI cAlI gayA, jyAM siha samApati -AdhANI banALyo. emAMnuM komriAma te kuMDagrAma ane bAMtike te jJAtakSatriyo hoya ema lAge che. siMha , jema te eTale sArI rakama che ke kema te videhanI rAjadhAnI vaizAlIma ja hatuM. A ja kAraNe "sAkRtAMgamAM jahAvIrane vazAlika tarIke oLakhAvyA che. TIkAkAre tenA rAne sarNa bAlA che te tarapha bahu dhyAna ApavA jevuM nathI "sAlIe A vaizAlInA vatanI thAya che. kuMTharAma te zilAtuM paDyuM che, mATe zAlika ekAvIne vAstavika nAma che. "ddhiArtha ne sAjA nahIM paNa mAphaka amIra hatuM. tethI ghaNA sthaLe sitArtha a trizalAne

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diya ane kriyANI tarIke varNavelAM che. "trizAlAne devI tarIke kayAMya lakhI nathI siAthe jamInadAra umarAvanI sattA dharAvanAra kSatriya hate paNa maule lakhe savA lIdhe moTA sAthe saMdha dharAvanAra hAI bIjA saradAra karatAM vadhu lAgI hatI. trizalAvidehanI sajaka hatI, rAjA ceTakanI rmama hatI, tethI te videhAke videhatA. tarIka vikhyAta hatI. ceTaka paNa vaizAlInA rAjA nahIM kintu vecAlIne zAsaka amIra maDaLanA netA hatA tene hatA tethI zailae te ulekha karyo nathI. eTaluM ja nahIM dinu rAjA riTakanA kAraNe vaizAlI. jemadhamAkuMka sthaLa banyuM hatuM tethI boMe vazAlI "pAkhaMDIonA eka maTha' tarIke jAhera karI che. saMkSepamAM mahAvIra ane budha e baMne sAmaMta maMDaLamAM janmyA hatA, amIrane upadezatA hatA ane kuTuMbanI lAgavagathI utkarSane pAmyA hatA. zreNika rAjA upara te baMnenI asara hatI. koNika prathama buddha premI nahi paraMtu pitAnA pitA tathA nAnAne mArI jenonI sahAnubhUti khAI eka hato. eTale pAchaLathI bauddhadharmI banyA hatA vIra vagera: [jaina sAhitya sariodhaka, khaM, 1, e 2, pRSTha 69 thI 97] ekaMdare De. yAkobI mAne che ke, vaizAlI, pAse keTigrAma e ja kSatriya che. () hAnalee cahanuM prAkRta vyAkaraNa "upAsakradazAMgI. banene anuvAda ane jenapaTTAvalIe prasiddha karelI

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kSatriyakuMDa che. i. sa. 1898mAM baMgAla eziyATika sosAyaTInI vArSika sabhAmAM pramukhasthAnethI temaNe je bhASaNa ApyuM hatuM, te bhASaNane sAra A pramANe hateA. mahAvIra e jaina dharmanA pravartaka che. "temanuM mULa nAma vardhamAna hatuM." boho tene "nAyapusta" jJAta kSatrinA rAjakumAra tarIke oLakhAve che. te rAjakuLamAM janmyA hatA, temanA pitA siddhArtha jJAtajAtinA ThAkara hatA, vaizAlInA killA parAmAM te rahetA hatA, ethI mahAvIrane "vaizAlika kahevAmAM Ave che. vizAlI te vesADa, paTaNAnI uttare 27 mAIla dUra che. te samaye e zaheranA 1 vaizAlI, 2 kuMDagrAma ane 3 vANiyagrAma ema traNa bhAga hatA, jemAM anukrame brAhANuM, kSatriya ane vANiyA rahetA hatA. Aje tenI nizAnI tarIke 1 vesADa, 2 vAsukuMDa ane 3 baniyA gAme vidyamAna che. siddhArthanuM lagna vaizAlInA gaNarAjanA pramukha rAjA ciTanI bahena (putra) trizalA sAthe thayuM hatuM. mahAvIra I. sa. pUrve 59mAM tenA peTe janmyA, AthI te UMcA kuLamAM janmyA e svataH siddha che. buddha ane mahAvIra baMne A ja kAraNe zarUAtamAM pitAnI jJAtinA kSatriyA tathA ucca kulInanA saMsargamAM AvyA hatA. mahAvIrane yazodA nAmanI patnI, aNejA nAmanI putrI ane jamAlI nAmane jamAI hate. mahAvIre mAtApitAnA maraNa pachI trIza varSanI uMmare dIkSA lIdhI. kelogamAM jJAta kSatriyanuM "dUtipalAzacatya" nAme dharmasthAna hatuM, jemAM pUjya pAzvanAthanA saMpradAyanA munie AvI utaratA hatA. mahAvIra prathama te saMpradAyamAM praveza karyo, ekAda varSa pachI nagnatA

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: - kSatriyakuMDa svIkArI, bAra varSa sudhI vihAra karyo ane pachI "mahAvIranA upanAma sAthe jinapada meLavyuM. temaNe chellAM trIza varSa sudhI dhamopadeza ApI pitAnA saMpradAyanI vyavasthA karI. temane A kAmamAM mosALa pakSanA saMbaMdhane lIdhe videha, magadha ane aMgadezanI ghaNu sahAya hatI. teo nepAlane sImADo ane pArasanAthanI TekarI sudhI vicaryA hatA temane gautamabuddha sAthe meLApa ke vivAda thaye nathI, paraMtu gozALA sAthe vAdavivAda thayuM hatuM. temane mukhya ziSya 11 ane bIjA ziSyo 4200 hatA. teo I. sa. pUrve para7mAM pAvApurImAM nirvANa pAmyA. temanA ziSya sudhamAM tyAre jIvatA hatA, jenA lIdhe Aja sudhI jenadharma cAle che vagere vagere. [je. sA. saM. naM. 1, aM. 3, pR. 194 thI 196] ekaMdare De. honale mAne che ke, vaizAlI pAsenuM kellAga e ja kSatriyakuMDa che, Aje te sthAne vAsukaMDa vidyamAna che. De. helee "upAsakadazAMganA bhASAMtaranA pRSTha trIjAmAM vANiyagrAma para pAdadha ApI che, tene sAra A che vANiyagAma te vazAlInuM bIjuM nAma che. vizAlImAM vaizAlI, kuDapura ane vANiyagAmane samAveza thatuM hatuM, jenA avazeSarUpe Aje vesADa, vAsukuMDa ane vANiyA che. AthI vizAlIne A traNe nAmathI saMbodhI zakAya. vANiyagAmanI sAthe nagara zabda jADAyeluM che eTale te meTuM nagara hatuM. kuMDagrAma paNa vaizAlInuM trIjuM nAma che, tethI ja mahAvIranI janmabhUmi vaizAlI che ane mahAvIra paNa "vaizAlika

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zeSa ka karaNa che. eka audhyAmAM vaizAlInA traNa bhAga vadhyA. eka vADIthI gaLa kuMDapura ane tenI AgaLa kANAmAM sUtra hatuM. temAM latrie rahetA hatA, je jAtimAM mahAvIra :janmyA hatA kAllAAnI bahAra jJatipalAsacatya yAne hipAsA udyAnA hatuM, jemAM vacce maMdira ane AApAsa kAna hatuM. te taLanuM ja hatuM tethI tene AcArAMga' ama pAtra'mAM mApavALe lakhela che. kuDapuranI sAthe nAra zabda joDAyelA che, je vaizyalI ane kapura eka sArI sAcA kare che. kuDapura sAthe sanniveza' zabda paNa vadharAyA che. te kuDapura mATe nahIM kintu uttara taraphanuM kSatriyaparuM ane dakSiNu' tamanu brAhmaNapa temA bherA mATe ja che. arthAt siddhArtha vaizAlI nagaranA kAllAgaparAnA jJAnakSatriyAnA mukhya saradAra hatA. AthI spaSTa che ke, mahAvIranI janmabhUmi kAlyAga ja hatI. 4. " jJAtava'zanA kSatriyA pArzvanAthane mAnatA hatA, teoe khatAnA dharma gurune utAravA "kRtipalAzacaitya" sthApyuM hatuM. mahAvIra saMsAra cheDayo tyAre prathama kuMDapura pAse AvelA sAtakuLanA A pilAsarcatyamAM jaI nivAsa karyo hatA. : "eka moDha thAmAM vazAdInA traNa bhANuM tyA che. pahelA bhAgamAM 700 senAnA kaLazavALAM ghA hatAM, vacalA vigamAM 14000 cAMdInA kalazavALAM ghA hatA ati jaivI vibhAgamAM 21000 tAMmAnA kaLazavAmAM ghare hatAM. temAM ucca, madhyama ane nIca' varganA kA vasatA hatA. jaina sUtramAM vANiyagAma mATe dhanIyamahinAmA lakhela che,

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mA ukta varNana sAthe meLa khAya che vagere vagere. [ je. sA. saM. khaMDa 1, aM. 4, pR. 218-19 ] ekaMdare che. hAle emaja mAne che ke vaizAlI; mallAga sarijha e ja kSatriyakuMDa che, vAsukuMDa tenA avazeSarUpe hayAta che. ( paM. zrI kalyANa vijayajI mahArAja "zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIramAM jaNAve che, tene sAra A pramANe che: bha0 mahAvIrano janma lachavADa pAse kSatriyakuMDamAM thaye, A paraMparAne huM sAcI mAnatuM nathI, tenAM nIce sujaba aneka kAraNe che: (1) sUtromAM bha0 mahAvIra mATe vividha vize vihA tIrNa vANA ta ka pATha che. ane "sAlIe" nAma maLe che. AthI mAnavuM paDe che ke, bhagavAnanuM janma sthAna videhamAM vaizAlInA parArUpe hatuM. (2) kSatriyakuMDanA rAjaputra jamAlIe 500 rAjaputra sAthe jaina dIkSA lIdhI hatI, tethI nakkI che ke kSatriyakuMDa moTuM nagara hatuM. chatAM bha0 mahAvIra ahIM eka paNa comAsuM hyuM hoya e ullekha maLatuM nathI. kAraNa ke, bha0 mahAvIre vaizAlInA vANijayagAmamAM 12 comAsAM karyA tyAre kSatriyakuMDa ane brAhmaNakuMDa tenI pAsenAM parAM hatAM. tethI tene ukta bAre mAsAne lAbha maLe hatuM. A sthitimAM khAsa kSatriyakuMDamAM mAruM ke vihAra na karyo hoya ane zAstramAM teno ullekha na thayo hoya e svAbhAvika che.

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kSatriyakuMDa (3) la0 mahAvIre dIkSAne khIje divase kAllAga18 sanivezamAM chaThThuM tapanuM pAraNuM karyuM che. jaina sUtra pramANe kAllAga e maLe che. 1 vANijyagrAma pAsenu ane 2 rAjagRhI pAsenuM. A banne sthAnA lachavADathI cAlIseka mAIlathI paNa vadhu dUra che. tyAM pahoMcI khIje divase pAraNuM karavAnuM banI zake nahIM. eTale tarkasaMgata vastu e ja che ke, bhagavAne vaizAlI pAsenA kSatriyakuMDanA jJAtakhaMDamAM dIkSA lIdhI ane bIje divase vANijyagrAma pAsenA kAllAgamAM jai pAraNuM karyuM. 18 (4) bhagavAne dIkSAnA varSe kSatriyakuMDathI vihAra karI koragrAma, kAllAga sanniveza, mArAka sanniveza vagere sthAne vicarI asthika grAmamAM cAmAsuM karyuM. bIje varSe mArAka, vAcAla, kanakakhala Azramapada, zvetAmbI jaI rAjagRhI AvIne cAmAsuM karyuM. A ullekha pramANe bhagavAna cAmAsA bAda zvetAMkhI jAya che ane pAchA vaLI gaMgA nadI vaDhAvIne rAjagRhI padhAre che. AthI cAsa che ke, lakhavADavALuM kSatriyakuMDa asalI nathI. kAraNa ke tenI pAse zvetAMkhI nagarI ja nathI ane tyAMthI rAjagRhI jatAM gaMgA UtaravI paDatI nathI. eTale mAnavuM paDe che ke, kSatriyakuMDa gaMgAnI uttare vihAramAM hatu. arthAt kSatriyakuMDa vazAlI pAse hatuM. [ 'prastAvanA :' pRSTha--XXV thI XXVIII ] vaizAlInI pazcime gaTakI nI hatI. tenI pazcime brAhmaNakuMDapura, kSatriyakuMDapura, vANijyagrAma, koragrAma, ane kAllAga sanniveza vagere parAM hatAM. brAhmaNakuMDa ane kSatriyakuMDa

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kSatriya kuMDa eka bIjAthI pUrva ane pazcime parAM hatAM. vacce bahuzAla citya hatuM. A bane parAnA paNa uttara ane dakSiNa ema babbe vibhAgo hatA. dakSiNa brAhmaNakuMDamAM brAhmaNanAM vadhu ghare hatAM. jyAre uttara kSatriyakuMDamAM kSatrinAM 500 ghara hatAM. siddhArtha rAjA uttara kSatriya kuDapurane nAyaka hate. jJAtakSatriyono svAmI hato ane te jena hate. [ "zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra': pRSTha 5] ekaMdare 5. kalyANavijayajI ma. emaja mAne che ke, vaizAlInuM eka paraMja sAcuM kSatriyakuMDa nagara che. (5) A. zrIvijayeMdrasUri mahArAje vaizAlI". pustikA prakAzita karAvI che. tene sAra A pramANe che: (1) bhagavAna mahAvIra vaizAlika kahevAya che. kSatriyakuMDa paNa vaizAlInI pAse hatuM, mATe ApaNe "vaizAlI" saMbaMdhI vicAra karIe (pR. 1). kSatriyakuMDa Arya dezomAM hatuM. "bahatakalpa vagerenA AdhAre Arya dezo sADI pacIsa che ane temAM paNa pUrvamAM aMga-magadha, dakSiNamAM vatsa ( kauzAmbI) pazcimamAM sthaNa (kurukSetra), temaja uttaramAM kuNAlanA sImADA sudhImAM rahelA deza ane tene madhya bhAga ja munionA vihAra mATe AryabhUmi che. A pradezane bauddho 10 mahAjanapada tarIke ane manujI madhya bhArata tarIke oLakhAve che. (1 thI 6) (2) videha te sADI pacIsa Arya dezomAM eka deza che. tenI rAjadhAnI mithilA hatI. vikramanI paMdaramI sadImAM tenAM anukrame tIrabhukita deza ane jagaI nagara evAM

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nA hatA. bauddha graMze pramANe mithilA videhanI sajathAnI hatI, je vaja saMghanA ATha pramukha saMdhAmAMnI eka hatI. brAhmaNazAstro pramANe mAdhave videha vasAvyuM ane namiputra janaka mithile mithilA vasAvI. videha gaMgAnA uttara koThe che, tethI tenuM bIjuM nAma "tIrabhukti" paNa che. jene vistAra uttara-dakSiNamAM 16 cena ane pUrva-pazcimamAM 24 jana che. mithilAnAM mithilA, tIrabhuti, vaidehI, temikAnana, jJAnazIla, kRpApITha ItyAdi bAra nAme maLe che. nepAla pAsenI janakapurI te ja mizilA lAge che. (pR. 6 thI 10) (3-4-5) videhanI prajAe kAmI rAjA karAlane mArI mithilAmAM saMgharAjyanI sthApanA karI hatI. pachI videhI saMgha ane licchavIsaMdha joDAI vachasaMgha banyA ane tenI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI banI, je traNa kilAethI vIMTAyelI hatI. purANe kahe che ke, naravyAghanA putra vizAla rAjAe vaizAlI vasAvI. saMbhava che ke, vaizAlIne zarUAtamAM eka gaDha haze ane vasavATa vadhatAM vadhatAM bIje, trIje gaDha mAM haze. AvI rIte vaizAlI evuM anurUpa nAma maLyuM che. Aje vaizAlI vidyamAna nathI. te sthAne Aje vesAha baniyA, kAmanachAparAgAchI, vAsukuMDa ane kehuvA gAma vaselAM che, je vaizAlI, vANijya, kamara, kaMDapura ane kolyAganI smRtirUpe hoya ema lAge che. jJAta e cha Arya jAtiomAMnI eka che. rAhula sAMkRtyAyana kahe che ke, A jAti Aje sADhamAM thariyA tarIke prasiddha che. bha0 mahAvIra, jJAti patimAM janmyA che. tethI ja jJAta-putra tarIke vikhyAta savATa karavuM ane vAta che

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che. I. sa. 1903 thI 1914 sudhI vaizAlInuM je dANakAma thayuM che, tenA khaMDeromAM Aje eka mAIlanA gherAvAvALe gaDha che. gaDhathI vAyavyamAM azoka stUpa, madahuda pAne rAmakuMDa che. pazcime eka maMdira pAse jina, buddha ane ziva vagerenI khaMDita pratimAo che. kheDANamAMthI prAcIna sikAe paNa maLyA che. gaithI vAyavyamAM 1 mAIla para maniyA gAma pAse azoka staMbha che, tyAM bauddha saMghArAma paNa hatuM. be mAIla dUra kailavA gAma che. (IzAna tarapha vAsukuMDa ane pUrvamAM kAmanachAparAgAchI gAmo che) kelavA, baniyA ane vesADanI pUrve nadIne jUne paTa che, jenuM nAma cerInALA (nevalInALA) che. Aje tyAM khetI thAya che (pR. 10 thI 20) cInI yAtrI phAhiyAna lakhe che ke, vaizAlInI dakSiNe 3 thI 52 AmrapAlIne bAga che. buha parinirvANa mATe pitAnA ziSya sAthe cAlyA. vaizAlInA pazcima daravAjA pAse UbhA rahI jamaNI tarapha vaizAlI para najara pheMkatA bolyA ke, basa ! A mArI chelI vidAya che. A sthAne lekae stUpa banAvyo che (pR. 1). zreNikanI licchavI rANI e ajAtazatrane janma Ape te ajAtazatru "vaidehI putra kahevAya che (pR. 11). (6) vesADanI IzAnamAM raheluM "vAsuDate ja prAcIna kSatriyakuMDa che A. nemicaMdrasUri mahAvIracayiMmAM tene jiAramaMkA' tarIke oLakhAve che. AthI bhagavAna madhya deza eTale videhanA hatA ema lAge che. "AcArAMgasUtramAM 'NAe nAyaputte nAyakulanivvace, videhe videhadine videhajace vidhi mATe tAraM vAtAuM vijhitti pATha che ane trizalA rANI mATe "tilAda vAlisisa thA piyaNiI rA

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pATha che, jemAM bhagavAnane videha tarIke ane trizalA rANIne videha kanyA tarIke oLakhAvyA che. ahIM "videha" e nAma mAtAnA kuLa sAthe saMbaMdha rAkhe che. trizalA mAtA vaizAlInA rAjA ceTakanI bahena hatI. A kuTuMba videha tarIke vikhyAta hatuM. tethI trizalA rANI videhadattA nAme oLakhAya che ane bhagavAnane paNa sALanuM videha nAma maLyuM che. bhagavAna videhamAM trIza varSa rahyA hatA. "kalapasUtra" ane tenI TIkAomAM paNa A ja varNana maLe che. AthI spaSTa che ke, bhagavAnane videha sAthe vizeSa saMbaMdha che. digaMbara ATha pUjyapAdanI "dazabhaktimAM ane A jinasenanA harivaMzapurANamAM bhagavAnanA janma videhanA kaMDapuramAM batAvyo che. A dareka pramANethI puravAra thAya che ke, kSatriyakuMDa te madhyama deza eTale AryAvartanA videhamAM eka nagara rUpe hatuM (pR. 21 thI 23).. "sUtrakRtAMga' ane "bhagavatI'mAM bhagavAnane vaizAlika tarIke saMbodhyA che, eTale bhagavAna videhanA hovAthI "vide" tarIke ane vizAlI nagarI sAthenA vizeSa saMbaMdhathI "vaizAlika" tarIke prasiddha hatA. kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, kSatriyakuMDa te vaizAlInuM paruM ke tenI pAsenuM eka nagara hatuM. (pR. 22-23). bhagavatIsUtramAM varNana che ke bhagavAna brAhmaNakuMDanA bahuzAla caityamAM padhAryA. brAhmaNakuMDanI pazcime kSatriyakuMDa grAma hatuM. tyAMnA vatanI jamAlI kSatriye bahuzAla atyamAM bhagavAna pAse jaI 500 rAjapUta sAthe dIkSA lIdhI. AthI

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kSatriyakuMDa kSatriyakuMDa ane brAhmaNakuMDa pAse pAse hAvAnA saMbhava che. bauddhazAstro jaNAve che ke, rAjagRhIthI kuzInArA 25 ceAjana thAya. vacamAM nAladA, pATaligrAma, gaMgA nadI, kATigrAma, nAdikA, vaizAlI vagere sthAnA Ave che. nAdikA te bAMtikA gAmanuM bIjuM nAma che. A gAma17 be vibhAgamAM vaheM'cAceluM che. vacamAM taLAva che. ekamAM meATA pitAnA ane bIjAmAM nAnA pitAnA putrA rahetA hatA. basa ! A gAMtikA grAma eTale jJAtatricAnuM nagara teja ApaNu kSatriyakuMDa che, je vajja dezamAM che. buddhanI chellI yAtrAthI pratIta thAya che ke, vaizAlInI dakSiNe, vaizAlI ane DhATigrAmanI vacce kSatriyakuMDa hatuM. amArI A mAnyatA aneka pramAthethI puSTa che. (pR. 23 thI 26). (7) DaoN. hAle vageree A saMbaMdhamAM bhUla paNa karI che, je A pramANe che: DaoN. yAkAkhI tathA DaoN. hAle mAne che ke vaizAlI, vANijyagrAma, ane kuMDagrAma te eka ja nagara che. kAlrAga tenA mahAllA che, jemAM bha. mahAvora janamyA che. kRtipalAzacaitya ane jJAtakhaMDa udyAna paNa eka ja che. A tenI bhUla che. kAraNa ke vaMzAlI, brAhmaNakuMDa ane kSatriyakuMDa gaMDakI nadIne pUrva kAMThe hatAM. karmAragrAma kAllAga, vANijyagrAma ane kRtipalAza gaMDakIne pazcima kAMThe hatAM. bhagavAna kSatriyakuMDamAM janmyA hatA. temaNe jJAtakhaMDa udyAnamAM dIkSA lodhI hatI. temaNe sthaLa mArge thaI karmoragrAma paheAMcI, tyAM rAtrivAsa karyAM. savAre kAllAga sannivezamAM jaI pAraNu karyuM. bhagavAna

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kSatriyakuMDa 24 vaizAlIthI gaMDakI nadI vaTAvI vALuijyagrAma padhAryA hatA, jJAtakhaMDa udyAna kuMDagAma pAse hatuM. kRtipakSAza udyAna vANijyagrAmanA IzAne hatu. vagere vagere vaznapAthI spaSTa che ke, te dareke dareka sthAnA judAM judAM hatAM. jo ke kAika e nagaranA saMyukta zabda prayoga maLe che. paNa te dilhI-AgarA, odhapura-jayapura, aniyA-vesADa vageranI jema mAtra nikaTatA darzAvavA pUratAM ja che. te banne vidvAneA sanniveza nA je artha kare che te paNa bhUlabharelA che. kemake cUrNi, TIkA ane zabdASAmAM sannivezanA artho nagara, gAma, nagara ahAranA pradeza, racanA, ghASa, paDAvanuM gAma, paDAva vagere ApyA che eTale kuDapura sanniveza vageremAM sannivezanA arthe gAma thAya te kharAkhara che. vaLI teo mAne che ke, siddhArtha ane trizalAnuM varNana rAjA ane devI tarIke nahi kintu kSatriya ane kSatriyANI tarIke maLe che. AthI ema lAge che ke, siddhArtha jJAta kSatriyAnA saradAra ke amIra hatA. teonI A mAnyatA paNa bhUlabharelI che. kemake siddhArtha rAjA hatA, tenAM aneka pramANe che. moDhonA ekapaNajAtaka'mAM17 khulAsA che ke, vaOgaNu saMdhamAM 7707 sAbhAraDhA hatA. te dareka rAjA hatA. teonA hAtha nIce ekeka uparAjA, senApati tA kASAdhyakSa rahetA hatA. AthI cAkkasa che ke gaNusaMdhanA sabhAsadA licchavI, malakI ane tenA uparI ceTaka vagere dareka rAjA ja hatA. siddhArtha pazu temAMnA eka rAjA ja hatA. "

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pravacanasArahAranI TIkA, "abhiSAnaciMtAmaNi' ane sArasvAmIkRta 'pUrvamImAMsA "nI TIkAmAM kSatriya ane rAjA zabdone ekAIka batAvyA che. "kapasUtramAM24 sivArtha rAjAne daMDanAyaka, yuvarAja, keTavAla vagere 19 padAdhikArIothI vIMTAyelA varNavyA che. sAthesAtha rAjA ane narendra zabdathI saMbodhyA che. digaMbaronAM "dazabhakti", "mahAvIra caritra" ane "tAMbarIya zrIhemacaMdrAcAryanA "vIracaritramAM trizalAne devI tarIke saMbodhI che. A dareka pramANethI siddhArtha zA ane trizalA rANI hatAM, e nirvivAda satya che. De. have mAne che ke, bauddhakathAmAM vaizAlInA svarNakaLazavALAM, rajatakaLazavALAM tathA tAmrakaLazavALAM gharAnA traNa bhAge varNavyA che ane "upAsakadazAMgamAM vANiyagAmanAM UMca, nIcA tathA madhyama ema traNa kuLa sUcavyAM che. A banne varNanapADA ekarUpe ja che. temanI A kalpanA bamaNuM rUpa che. kemake upAsakadazAMgamAM te te sthAne zrIgautamasvAmIe prabhu pAse kyA kuLanI zikSA levI, tenI AjJA mAgI che. bIjA sUtramAM paNa anyAnya nagaronA bhikSAvarNanamAM AvA ja pATho che. A pAThane bauddha kathAnA vaizAlI varNananA pATha sAthe kaI rIte sarakhAvI zakAya? - zrImatI sTIvansane te De. harbalenI bhUlane kAyama rAkhI temAM eka navI bhUlane vadhAro karyo che ke, "bha0 mahAvIra vaizyakulotpanna hatA. 9 A te tenI bhayaMkara bhUla che. zrIbaladeva upAdhyAye "dharma aura darzana" pR0 85 mAM ane tenA ja AdhAra 5. kalyANuvijayajIne "zramanu

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kSatriyakuMka bhagavAna mahAvIra" pR0 5mAM gaMDakI nadIne pUrva kAMThe vaizAlI ane pazcima kAMThe brAhmaNakuMDa, kSatriyakuMDa, vANijyagrAma, karmAgAma, ane kellAga vagere hevAnuM jaNAvyuM che. te paNa teonI bhUla ja che. gapALadAsa jIvAbhAI paTele "zrImahAvIra kathA"mAM siddhArthane kSatriya ane rAjA mAnyA che. videha, mithilA, vaizAlI ane vANijyagrAmane eka mAnyAM che. kuLane artha kuTuMbane badale ghara karyo che. AnaMda zrAvakane kauTumbikane badale jJAtakuLane mAnya che. A pramANe aneka bhUle karelI che, jemAMnI ghaNI bhUlone khulAso upara AvI gayo che. (pR. 26 thI 35). (8) vetAMbare lachavADa pAse kuDapura mAne che ane digaMbaro nAlaMdA pAse kuMDalapuramAne che, te bhramaNA che. kemake bhagavAnanAM videha, vaizAlika vagere vizeSaNe, bahuzAla caityamAM padhAravuM, vazAlImAM 12 mAsAM vagerethI bhagavAnane vazAlI sAtheno saMbaMdha pratIta thAya che, sAkSaravarya kalyANa vijyajI paNa zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIranI bhUmikAmAM A ja vastune puSTa kare che. "abhidhAna rAjendramAM kSatriyakuMDa pAse jJAtakhaMDa udyAna, sthaLa mAge karagAma tathA kellAga ane vaizAlI pAse vANijyagrAma, dUti palAzacatya ane kellA batAvyAM che, tethI paNa e ja vAta puSTa thAya che. (pR. 35 thI 40) 9) lachavADa pAsenuM kSatriyakuMDa te aMgadezamAM che. parvata upara che. tenI taLeTI pAse nALuM che, paNa gaMDakI nadI nathI, te vaizAlIthI dUra che. te gaMgAnI dakSiNe che eTale

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kSatriya te janmasthAna kSatriyakuMDa nathI, jyAre vaizAlI pAsenuM kSatriyakuMDa sAcuM che. ame I. sa. 1914mAM A sthAnanuM nirIkSaNa karyuM che. ahIMnA leke A sthAnane "janmasthAna" mAne che. pharaka e che ke, gaMDakI nadIne pravAha badalAI gayA che eTale vANiyAgrAma, moragrAma ane kalAga nadInI pUrva tarapha AvI gayAM che. (pR. 40-41) * ekaMdara ItihAsatatvamahedadhi A. zrIvijayedrasUri ema ja mAne che ke, vazAlInuM paruM vAsukuMDa ja kSatriyakuMDa che. gAMtika tenuM bIjuM nAma che. vaNu mAnyatAo kSatriyakuMDa kayAM AvyuM ? A mATe upara mujaba traNa mata pravarte che. TUMkamAM kahIe te zvetAMbara lachavADa pAse kSatriyakuMDane ane digaMbaro nAlaMdA pAse kuMDalapurane temaja saMzodhake vaizAlI pAse besADa, keTigrAma, kelphiAga, vAsukuMDa ke gAMtika grAmane kSatripheMka mAne che. Amane bIjo mata digaMbarane che, joke digaMbara zAstromAM bha0 mahAvIrasvAmIne janma kuMDapuramAM ja batAve che. paraMtu temAM terApaMthe ghaNI digaMbara mAnyatAonA manamAnyA artha karyA che, tevuM kaMIka A bAbata mATe paNa banyuM che. eTale arvAcIna digaMbara kuDapurane atha kuMDalapura karI tyAM bhagavAnane janma mAne che. teonI mAnyatA pramANe nAlaMdA pAsenuM kuMDalapura e bhagavAnanI janmabhUmi che. nAlaMdA e ItihAsa prasiha sthAna che. bha0 mahAvIrasvAmIe 14

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raziyanuM cAmAsAM tyAM karyAM che. nAlaMdA pAse pura hatuM, enA eka paNa ullekha maLatA nathI. te kruDapura nAza pAmyuM tenA ca purAvA maLatA nathI ane Aje paNa tyAM kuDapura nAmanuM phAI sthAna ja nathI. Aje tyAM kuMDalapura che. AvI paristhiti hAvAthI digabarA paNa te kuM Dalapurane nizcayathI kSatriyakuMDa hAvAnu mAnatA nathI. spaSTa vAta che ke, kuMDalapurane kuDapura TherAvanAra sabaLa pramANa eke nathI. eTale vadhu pramANeA na maLe tyAM sudhI A sthAnane kSatriyakuMDa mAnavAnuM mulatavI rAkhI AgaLa vadhIe. have kSatriyakuMDa lachavADa pAse AvyuM ke vaizAlI pAse ? emAM pahelA anetrIjA matanA nirNaya karavAnuM khAkI rahe che. * sapramANa-vicAraNA: kSatrikuDa kayAM AvyuM ? A mATe AdhArastaMbha tA mAtra jJAta, videha, vaizAlika, gaNarAja, kuDapura, kSatriyakuMDa, brAhmaNakuMDa, brAhmaNugrAma, karmora, kAlrAga, gAMtika, jaLamArga, vihAramA, vihArasthAnA vagere vagere zabdonA pratye maLe che te ja che. ane tenA AdhAre ja ApaNe satya pAmI zakIe tema chIe. eTale ApaNe have te te zabdo ane te aMgenA mAnyatAo che, tenA AdhAre kSatriyakuMDanI vAstavika kSetrasthiti ityAdinA svataMtra vicAra karIe. 1. A deza ane kSaniyakuMDA bhAratavarSanA madhya khaMDamAM sADI pacIsa Aya deza che. tItha karAnI kalyANaka bhUmie ane prAyaH vihArabhUmi 1

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te rakSAmAM ja AvelI che. vAchatrADa pAsenuM kSatriyakuMDa tathA hAzAlI pAsenuM vAsukuMDa AryadezamAM che. munione paNa sAmAnya rIte te sADI pacIsa dezomAM vicAravAnI AjJA che. chatAM paNa bRhakalpamAM aMga-magadha, vatsa (kauzAmbI), sthaNa (kurukSetra, ane kuNAlanI sarahada sudhInA dezone munionA vihAra mATe tatkAlIna AryabhUmi tarIke batAvyA che, e te samaye te dezamAM dharmapradhAnatA vizeSa hatI enA kAraNe ja batAvyA che. je ema na hoya te te sImADA bahAra bhagavAnanI kalyANaka bhUmio che temaja vitabhaya, koTikavarSa, bhadrikA, juvAlukA, pAvApurI, vagere vihAra bhUcio che te kema hoya? AthI sADI pacIsa Adezo che ane madhyanA amuka deze praNAma dharmabhUmi che ema mAnavuM e tarkasaMgata samanvaya che. bauddhazAstromAM ane "zrIbhagavatIsUtramAM seLa mahAjanapada batAvyA che, jenuM kSetraphaLa vizALa che, te paNa sADI pacIsa AryadezAmAMnA ja che, eTale sADI pacIsa zo ja tatkAlIna vihArabhUmi che ane tatkAlIna dharmabhUmi che, jemAM vaLI sAmrATa saMprati pachI ghaNe ja vadhAro thayo che. mULa vAta e che ke, vAsakaMDe ane kSatriyakuMDa bane AryadezamAM ja che. 2. pATanagara vaizAlI te samaye vaizAlI gaNarAjyanI pradhAna rAjadhAnI hatI. ItihAsa kahe che ke, videhanI prajAe kanyA para AkramaNa karanAra mahAkAmI karAla rAjAne mArI nAkhI,

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kSatriyakuMDa mithilAmAM gaNa rAjyanI sthApanA karI. samaya jatAM vaizAlInA licchavIo paNa temAM sAmela thayA. pariNAme e gaNazAsakane jajIsaMgha kAyama thaye ane tenI rAjadhAnI mithilAne badale vazAlI banI. vRjajIsaMgha (vajIsaMgha) ne artha vajasaMgha, samUhasaMgha ke lekazAsana thAya che. surabhIpuramAM bhagavAna mahAvIrasvAmIne vaMdana karanAra pAMca rathanaiyakavALA rAjAe paNa gaNarAje hoya ema saMbhave che. magadha ane aMgadezanI dakSiNe paNa gaNa rAjya sthApita thaI gayAM hatAM. mizabaMdhue "kuruvaMzanA prAcIna itihAsamAM jaNAve che ke, hajArIbAga jille ane mAnabhUmine pradeza te samaye mahala (malaya) tarIke prasiddha hate. mallonuM paNa gaNarAjya sthApita thaI cUkayuM hatuM. gaNu rAjyamAM sabhAsadanI samiti dvArA rAjazAsana cAlatuM hatuM. bauddhonA ekapaNujAtaka graMthanA ulekha pramANe gaNusaMdhanA 7707 sabhya hatA ane te dareka rAjA tarIke manAtA hatA, jenA hAtha nIce uparAjA, senAdhipati, bhaMDArI ema dareka jAtanA amaladAre rahetA hatA. gaNu rAjAnI pATanagarI vaizAlI hatI ane gaNarAjAone vaDo rAjA mahArAjA ceTaka hate. A gaNataMtramAM prajAnI bhAvanAne mahattA apAtI hatI. mahArAjA ceTakanA samaya sudhI gaNataMtrane khUba ja vikAsa thaye hate. magadharAja keNike mahArAjA ceTakane mArI nAkhI prajAtaMtra vAdane phaTako mAryo, tyArathI lokazAsanavAdane vikAsa rUMdhAvA lAge. aMte guptavaMzanA rAjavIonA patana sAthe A lokazAsana vyavasthAnuM paNa patana thayuM. A ItihAsathI jANI zakAya che ke, te samaye vaizAlI e

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1 hathiyuM gaNarAjyanuM kendra nagara hatuM. licchavI jAtine caTaka rAjA tyAMne mahArAjA hatA. te samaye licchavIonI pratiSThA khUba jAmelI hatI. mahArAjA ceTaka potAnI kanyA jevA tevA vaMzamAM Apato ja nahote, ane e ja kAraNe teNe magadharAja zreNikane potAnI kanyA ApavAnI sApha nA saMbhaLAvI hatI. e samaye videha deza sabhyatA ane saMskRtinI carama sImAe pahoMcyo hate. tyAre videhanI kanyA ke licchavInI kanyA levI e eka abhimAnanI vastu lekhAtI hatI. sAthe sAthe videha kanyA ke licchavI kanyAnA putra thavuM e paNa sanmAnabharyuM gaNAtuM hatuM. ItihAsamAM videha, videhI, videhadattA, vaidehIputra, vadehadatta, licchavI dohitra14 ane kumAradevIputra (1) vagere vagere vizeSa ke nA maLe che, te A jAtanI prazaMsAnA kAraNe ja che. te samaye jema vaizAlI vagere gaNa rAjyo hatAM. tema magadha, aMga, mALavA, siMdhu, sauvIra vagere ekahaththu sattAvALA ekasattAka aneka rAjyo paNa hatAM. ekasattAka rAnI vyavasthA eka ja rAjAnI IcchA pramANe cAlatI hatI. mahArAjA ceTakanA zAsanakALamAM vaizAlI e unnata dazAvALuM nagara hatuM. - vaizAlI ane gaMDakI nadI: bha0 mahAvIra vaizAlIthI vihAra karI nAva vaDe gaMDakI nadI pAra karI vANijya gAma padhAryA hatA. AthI vaizAlI ane vANijya grAmanI vacce ADI pANIthI bharelI gaMDakI nadI hatI, e aitihAsika vAta che.

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5. kalyANavijayajI ma. gaMDakInI pUrvamAM vaizAlI ane pazcima kAMThe kuMdapura, vANijyagrAma, kamaragAma tathA kolAya hovAnuM mAne che. jyAre A. zrIvijayeMdrasUri A mAnyatAne jamaNA rUpa jAhera karI gaMThAnI pUrva kAMThe vAlI tathA zrAmane ane pazcimI ko kamara grAma, kolA tathA vANijyagrAmane sthApe che. jo ke kuMDagrAmanI sthApanA mATe che ane vidvAnamAM ja matabheda che paraMtu zAsamAM kuzAma ane karmAra gAmanI vacce jaLamArga ane sthaLamArga ema be mArgo 29 batAvyA che, tenA hisAbe te A baneya nyatAo khetI kare che. bAkI vaizAlI pAse gaMDakI nadI hatI, e nAkara vAta che. zAstramAM kSatriyakuMDa pAse gaMDakI nAmanI nadI havAne ke gaMDakIne kAMThe kuDapura havAne eka paNa ullekha nathI. eTale kSatriyakuMDa pAse gaMDakI nadI hatI ema mAnavuM e sapramANa nathI. phalasvarUpa mAnavuM paDe che ke, vaizAlI ane vANijya gAmanI vacce mAtra jaLamArga ja hatA, thaLamArga ke pUla nahote. che. vaizAlInAM gAme dIghunikAryamAM buddhane vihAra A rIte batAve che vaizAlI, bhaMDagrAma, hastigrAma, AjhagrAma, jabugrAma, leganagara ane pAvA. "suttanipAtamAM varNana che ke ajita vara 16 jaTAdhArIo allakathI nIkaLI kauzAMbI, sAketa (adhyA), zrAvastI, vetAMbI, kapilavastu, kuzInArA, maMdira,

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kSatriyakuMDa pAvA, bheganagara vizAlI thaI magadhapura (rAjagRhI) pahoMcyA. mahAparinivAsuramAM buddhane aMtima vihAra batAvyo che ke, aMbalvikA, nAlaMdA, pATaligrAma (paTaNA), gaMgAnadI, koTigrAma, nAdikA, vazAlI ane bhaMDagrAma vagere 16 cInI yAtrI phAhiyAna lakhe che ke, buddhadeva pitAnA ziSyo sAthe parinivAraNa mATe jatA hatA tyAre AmrapAlI vezyAnA bAgathI vazAlI pAse thaI bhaMDagrAma gayA hatA. temanI jamaNI dizAmAM vaizAlI hatI vagere. "zrIAcArAMga sUtra" tathA "kalpasUtra'mAM ullekha che ke, bha0 mahAvIre vaizAlI nagarI ane vANijya grAmanI nizrAe bAra mAsAM kya.30 "upAsakadazAMga sUtramAM varNana che ke, vANijya grAma nagara hatuM. tyAM jitazatru rAjA hatA. tenA IzAna khUNAmAM dUti palAza caitya hatuM. tathA vANijya grAmanI bahAra IzAnamAM ja ke lAga nAmane sanniveza hato. bha0 mahAvIrasvAmI dati palAza cityamAM samesaryA. bha0 gautamasvAmI prabhunI AjJA laI vANijya grAmamAM gocarIe gayA ane pAchA vaLatAM pAsenA keTalAga sannivezamAM jyAM jJAnakuLe hatAM ane teonI pauSadhazALA hatI, tyAM padhAryA. hemI vIracaritra sa. 4, zlo. 139mAM lakhyuM che ke, bha0 mahAvIra vaizAlIthI nIkaLI, nAvamAM besI, gaMDakI nadIne pAra karI vANijya grAma padhAryA.5 A vaNapAThonA AdhAre vaizAlI nagarIne nakazo nIce mujaba taiyAra thAya. vazAlInI dakSiNe anukrame nAdikA,

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keTigrAma ane gaMgA nadI.nAdikAnuM bIjuM nAma gAMtika grAmINa hatuM. vaizAlInI eka tarapha jaLabharI vahetI gaMDakI nadI, tene sAme kAMThe vANijya grAma, tene IzAna khUNAmAM pAse pAse kRtipalAza catya ane kalAga sanniveza, vaizAlIthI saMbhavataH vAyavyamAM bheganagara ityAdi. prAMtika grAmamAM snAtakSatriyonI vastI hatI. kellAgamAM jJAtakSatrinAM gharo ane upAzraya hatA. A baMne sthAnemAM jJAta udyAna hatuM ja nahIM. dUtipalAzacatya udyAna hatuM, jenI vacce catya paNa hatuM. vaizAlI ane vANijya grAma pAse pAse hatAM, tenuM jeDiyuM nAma paNa maLe che, te Aja kAlanA dilhI-AgarA ane mahuvA-dAThA vagerenI jema nikaTatA darzAvavA mATe ja che. vaizAlI pAse upara lakhyAM che te sivAya bIjA kayA kyA gAme hatAM tenI dha maLatI nathI. kSatriyakuMDa ke brAhmaNakuMDa tenI pAse hatAM, tene paNa kaI ulekha maLatuM nathI. A sthitimAM vazAlI-kuMDapura ke vaizAlI-kSatriyakuMDa evAM joDiyAM nAma hevAnI AzA te rakhAya ja kema? pa. vaizAlI ane vesADaH vaizAlI nAza pAmI che paNa Aje tenA sthAne vesADagaDha, je paTaNAnI uttare 27 mAIla dUra che, tenAthI natyamAM eka stUpa che. vAyavyamAM baniyA gAma ane azokane sUpa che. vAyavyottaramAM kelavA gAma che. IzAnamAM vAsukuMDa gAma che ane pUrvamAM kAmanachAparAgAchI che. nityAya

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25 sUpa, baniyA, ane kAlAvAnI pazcima corInALA che nevalInALA nAmane madI paTa che. prAcIna kALanAM zaizAlI, vANijaya brAma ane lAgaNI sAthe arvAcIna desADa, baniyA ane kalavAnI mAtra nAma sAmyatA che, jyAre sADa ane baniyAnI vacce gaMDakI nahI nathI ItyAdi sinatA paNa che. nadInuM vaheNa palaTAI gayuM hoya ke gAmanAM sthAne badalAI gayAM hoya paraMtu A sADa ane baniyAnI vacce Aje te nadI nathI e vAta cokakasa che. bAMtika nAma vazAlInI dakSiNe hatuM, vesADanI dakSiNe nathI. vAsukuMDa grAma vaizAlInI IzAne nahatuM, je Aje sADa gaDhanI IzAnamAM che. A baMne eka kSatriyakuMDa kema banI zake? kuDapurane badale vAsukaMDa zabda bane tene AdhAra pATha paNa maLatuM nathI. kadAca kalpanA karIe te paNa kaMDagrAmane sthAne vAyukuMDa banyuM che ema mAnavA karatAM vezyagrAmane sthAne vAsukuMDa banyuM che ema mAnavuM e vadhu tarkasaMgata che. judA judA pramANethI ahIM te eTaluM ja cekasa tAravI zakAya che ke, vaizAlInA sthAne Aje vesADegaDha vidyamAna che. che. pATanagara kaMThapuraH AcAzaMga sUtra" "bhagavatI sUga "kalpasUtra ane Avazyaka nita mAM 19 kSatriyakuMDa mATe kaMkapuranagara, mAhaNa kuMThagAmanagara, kSatriyakuMDa gAmanagara, dakSiNa brAhaNa kaMDapura sanniveza, uttara bhAyikuMkapura Rniveza, ane

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kSatriyakuMDa brAhmaNagAmara vagere zabdo vaparAyA che. tethI samajAya che ke, kuDapura nagara hatuM. tenA be bhAga hatA. 1 pUrva mAM brAhmaNa kruDanagara ane 2 pazcimamAM kSatriya kuMDanagara. te anenA paNa khakhkhu vibhAgA hatA. 1 uttara brAhmaNakuMDa ane 2 dakSiNa brAhmaNakuMDe. A vibhAgAmAM brAhmaNeAnAM ghara vizeSa hatAM. 3 uttara kSatriyakuMDa e vibhAgamAM kSatriyAnAM ghaNAM gharo hatAM ane 4 dakSiNa kSatriyakuMDa. 6 brAhmaNakuMDa pAse mahuzAla caitya hatuM, jemAM udyAnanI vacce caitya hatuM. kSatriyakuMDanI pAse jJAtakhaDavana udyAna hatuM. A udyAnamAM caitya nahAtu .21 sannivezanA artha aneka thAya che, temAM " sAtha vAhe eka a che. " e paNa ane musAphA Utare evuM sthAna jema atyAre amuka amuka kAzane AMtare musAfrAnI sagavahetA mATe DAkabaMgalA hAya che, sanya mATe paDAva sthAna hAya che, minArAo hAya che, tema prAcIna kALamAM musApharI mATe amuka kAzane AMtare zaheramAM, gAmamAM, nesaDAmAM ke verAna jaMgalamAM jaLAzaya pAse sanniveze rahetAM hatAM. kSatriyakuMDa nagara hatuM, paraMtu tenI pAse sanniveza paNa hatA eTale te sanniveza tarIke paNa vikhyAta hatu. ane tethI zAstramAM tenA ' sanniveza' tarIke paNa paricaya maLe che. kuMDapuranA rAjapUta jamAlI vagere 500 rAjaputrAe ane priyadarzInA vagere 1000 rAjakanyAoe ekIsAthe bha0 mahAvIrasvAmI pAse dIkSA lIkhI. A AMkaDA parathI tyAM kSatriyA mATI sakhyAmAM vasatA hatA, e saheje samajI zakAya tema che. e kSatri

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kSatriya cemAM jJAta pramukha aneka jAtio hatI. brAhmaNakuMDamAM brAhmaNanAM ghare ghaNAM hatAM, ane e ja rIte kuDapuramAM vaizyavepArIo tathA vasavAyA vagere paNa sArI saMkhyAmAM rahetA hatA. kaMDapuranA nagara vibhAge, ghare, sanniveze ane udyAnenA AMkaDAothI khAtarIpUrvaka kahI zakAya tema che ke, -bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmInA samaye kuDapura eka meTuM jAhejalAlIvALuM zahera hatuM. bha0 mahAvIra mATenAM svapna, janma ane dIkSAnA prasaMganuM varNana paNa kuMDapurane nagara tarIke jAhera kare che. kalpasUtramAM kuDapuranA rAjaparikaranA 2 varNanamAM nareMdra, gaNarAje, daMDanAyaka, yuvarAja, keTavAla, dANu, kuTuMbanA mevaDI, maMtrI, mahAmaMtrI, jyotiSI, pratIhAra, dvArapAla, amAtya, dAsa, pIThamardaka (aMgarakSaka), nAgarika, vyApArI zeTha, senApati, sArthavAha, hUta ane saMdhipAla vagerenI yAdI ApelI che. A rAja rasAle kuDapurane rAjadhAnI tarIke puravAra kare che eTale jema vaizAlI nagarI hatI ane licchavIonI rAjadhAnI hatI tema kuDapura nagara hatuM ane jJAta kSatricenI rAjadhAnInuM zahera paNa hatuM. kuMDapura kayA sthAne hatuM, tene zAstrIya ullekha maLatuM nathI, kintu bhagavAna mahAvIrasvAmInA vihAramAM brAhmaNagrAma batAvyuM che. A brAhmaNagrAma te ja brAhmaNakuMDa gAma hoya te nakkI che ke kuDapura gaMgAnI dakSiNe hatuM. bhagavAna rAjagRhIthI vicaratAM kellAga, suvarNakhala ane brAhmaNagAma

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36 kSatriya Tha hetu AI epa padhAryA hatA ane temaNe tyAM ja cAmAsu` kazuM A ullekha parathI mAnI zakIe chIe ke, kuDapura e gagAnI dakSiNe rAjagRhI ane caMpAnI vacce hatuM. kuMDa puranu` svataMtra gaNarAjya hatuM. tenI vAyavyamAM magadha rAjya, uttaramAM me giranA pradeza ane dakSiNamAM malayanuM rAjya hatu. 20 prAcIna kSatriyakuMDa pahADI ghATI upara hatuM, tenA eka paNa ullekha maLatA nathI paratu amuka varNana sthAnA upasthI kalpanA thAya che ke, prAcIna kSatriyakuMDa kadAca pahADI ghATImAM zyuM haze. te thyA pramANe cheH 1. bhagavAna jyAre jyAre ahI padhAryA tyAre tyAre brAhmaNukuMDa gAmanA bahuzAla caityamAM rahyA hatA. AthI samajI zakAya che ke kSatriyakuMDa pahADI para haze, mA RNa haze mATe ja teo brAhmaNakuMDamAM sthiratA karatA haze. 2. vaizAlI pAse kRtipalAza caitya hatuM. sabhava che ke temAM e traNa palAzanAM jhADA khAsa dhyAna kheMce tevAM haze, jyAre kSatriyakuMDa pAse bahuzAla catya hatuM. temAM zAlanAM jhADA vadhu pramANamAM haze. zAlADa bahu hoya e hisAbe paNa tyAM pahADI ke UMcI nIcI bhUmi hAvAnu pI zakAya che. 3. kSatriyakuDathI ora gAma javA mATe jaLamA ane sthaLamA ema be jAtanA mArgo hatA. A sthiti pahADI jamIna hAvAnA kAraNe ja vadhu saMbhavita che. A kAraNeAthI kSatriyakuMDa pahADI ghATI upara haze ema anumAna karI zakAya.

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4. prAcIna kALanI rAjadhAnIo pahADI para vadhAre surakSita lekhAtI hatI. kaMDapura paNa gaNarAjyanI rAjadhAnInuM zahera hatuM eTale pahADI upara hoya e zakaya che. che. kSatriyakuMDa ane nadI vagere Avazyaka niryukti nI TIkAmAM pATha che ke, jJAtakhaMDa udyAnathI kamaragrAma javAnA be rastA hatA. eka rasto 29 pANImAM thaIne nIkaLato hato ane bIje raste kerI jamIna para cAlIne javAnuM hatuM. AthI kuDapuranI pAse nadI hatI ema mAnI zakAya che. A nadInuM nAma maLatuM nathI temaja temAM bAre mAsa pANuM vahetuM ke nahIM te jANavAnuM kaMI sAdhana nathI. temAM kArtika mAsamAM pANI vahetuM hatuM ema te varNana parathI jANI zakAya che. A nadI evI rIte UbhI paDI hatI ke, thaDA vadhu cako laIe te tene choDIne paNa sIdhA kamaragAma jaI zakAya tema hatuM. nadIne sAme kAMThe gAma hoya te nadIne ALacavI ja paDe paraMtu nadIne A kAMThe ja gAma hoya ane nadI pANa vaLAMka khAI AgaLa vadhI vacamAM AvI rahIje vaLAMka laI pachI alI jatI hoya tyAre nadIne kinAre kinAre sthaLamArge cAlI sAme gAma pahoMcI javAya. A rIte nahI hoya tyAre tene oLaMgavAnI jarUra rahetI nathI AvA vALAM pahADI nadImAM vizeSa hoya che. cANasamA ane piMpara, lakavADa ane kSatriyakuMDa, ApAne baMgala ane kAlIkAMkara tathA betura badAra ane elIcara

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kSatriyakuMka vacce A ja rIte nadImArgo ane sthaLamAge paDyA che. kSatriyakuMDa pahADI ghATI para te che ja. pahADa parathI samatala bhUmimAM AvavA mATe nadI kAMThAne mAga vadhAre saraLa hoya che. prAcIna kALamAM ahIM paNa nadI pAse eka e raste haze ke jyAMthI pasAra thatAM musApharane nadInA UbhA paTe cAlavuM paDe athavA nadInA be vaheNe oLaMgavA paDe. pahADathI samatala bhUmimAM AvavA mATe caDAva utAravALa kaThaNa mArga paNa hoya che, tema ahIM nadIthI dara bIje e raste hatuM ke jyAM cAlatAM vacce nadI Ave ja nahIM. kSatriyakuMDathI kamaragAma javA mATe AvI rItanA be mArgo haze ema lAge che. have e paNa kabUla karavuM paDe che ke, vaizAlIvALI gaMDakI nadI ane kSatriyakuMDanI pahADI nadI te baMne eka nathI. te baMnenAM vaheNanI dizAo paNa judI judI che. gaMDakI nadI ADI vahetI hatI eTale vaizAlIthI vANijyagrAma javAne eka jaLamArga ja hatuM, sthaLamArga hatuM ja nahIM. jyAre kSatriyakuMDanI pahADI nadI rastAnI pAse pAse UbhI vahetI hatI. vaheNanA vaLAMkane lIdhe pAsenA eka rastAmAM vacce AvI jatI hatI, jyAre gharanA bIjA rastAnI vacce AvatI na hatI. eTale kSatriyakuMDathI karmAragAma javA mATe jaLamArga ane bhUmimArga ema be mArgo hatA. jema gaMDakI nadI ane A pahADI nadI te baMne judI judI nadIo che, tema te paranAM vaizAlI nagara ane kSatriyakuMDe nagara paNa judAM judAM nagara che.

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kSatriyakuDa 8. kSatriyakuMDanAM gAma Avazyaka niryukti tenA para "hAribhadrIyA TIkA" kalpasUtra-subAdhikA" "mahAvIra cariyuM' vageremAM bhagavAna zrImahAvIrane vihArakrama A pramANe maLe che. 29 bha0 mahAvIre kArtika vadi 10 ne trIje pahere kSatriyakuMDathI nIkaLI kuDapuranI vacce pasAra thaI bahAra jJAtakhaMDa udyAnamAM jaI dIkSAne svIkAra karyo pachI karmAragrAma tarapha vihAra karyo. tyAM javAnA be mArgo hatA, eka jaLamArga, ane bIje sthaLamArga bhagavAna jamIna mArge cAlI muhUrta kALa jeTalo divasa bAkI hatA tyAre kammara grAma jaI paheryo. tyAM rAte govALiyAe upasarga karyo, eTale I AvI sahAya karavA IcchA batAvI paNa bhagavAne sApha nA saMbhaLAvI dIdhI. bhagavAna bIje divase savAre kalyAga sanniveza padhAryA ane tyAM teoe bahula brAhmaNane ghare kSIrathI chaThThatAnuM pAraNuM karyuM. "mahAvIra cariyanA lekha pramANe ahIM ja temaNe ardhavastranuM dAna karyuM. bhagavAna tyAMthI merAsanniveza padhAryA. ATha mAsa vicarI punaH morAkanA tApasAzramamAM comAsu karavA padhAryA ane ardhA mAsa pachI aprItinuM kAraNa jANuM pAMca abhigraha laI asthika gAmanA zUlapANi yakSanA maMdiramAM jaI rahyA. pAse vegavatI nadI hatI, tyAM comAsu karI merAkamAM pAraNuM karyuM vagere vagere. ApaNe upara joI gayA chIe ke, kuDapura be bhAgamAM vaheMcAyeluM hatuM. tenI pAse jJAtakhaMDavanara ane bahuzAla

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42 kSatriyaku caitya hatAM. prastuta vihArapAThathI spaSTa che ke, kuDapuranI ahAra jJAtakheDavana hatuM. tyAMthI karmoragrAma javAnA e mA hatA. karmArAma pAse hatu, tenAthI AgaLa kellAga, seArAka, asthikagrAma ane vegavatI nadI hatAM. 9. vaizAlI ane kSatriya DeDa vaizAlI nagarI ane kSatriyakuMDa nagara e ane eka athavA nikaTamAM hoya ema lAgatuM ja nathI. zAstromAM vaizAlI vANijyagrAma, rAjagRhI-nAlaMdA, ca'pA-pRSTacaMpA, ane brAhmaNakuMDa-kSatriyakuMDa vagere joDiyAM nAmeA maLe che. vaizAlIbrAhmaNakuMDa ke vaizAlI-kSatriyakuMDa e rItanAM nAma maLatAM nathI. 8 zrIbhagavatI'mAM 'tattva nuM mAdaLakuMDAma( nayaAE paccatthimeNa patthaNaM khattiyakuMDagAme NAmaM nayare hotthA. ' brAhmaNukuMDa ane kSatriyakuMDa pAse pAse hatAM, evA pATha maLe che, kintu A bane athavA AmAMnuM eka vaizAlI pAse hatuM evA eka paNa pATha maLatA nathI. UlaTu vaizAlI ane kSatriyakuMDa dUra dUra ane bhinna bhinna hatAM, tenA paryApta pA maLI rahe che. jema ke, vaizAlI pAse vANijyagrAma hatuM. kSatriyakuMDa pAse brAhmaNakuMDa gAma tathA karmoragrAma hatuM. vaizAlI pAse tipalAza caitya hatuM. kSatriyakuMDa pAse mahuzAla catya hatuM. vaizAlI pAse udyAna nahotuM. kSatriyakuMDa pAse jJAtakhaMDa21 udyAna hatuM. vAlI pAse nAdiyA 7 ane phAllAgamAM jJAtakSatriyA rahetA hatA. kSatriyakuMDanA uttara vibhAgamAM jJAtakSatriye vizeSa rahetA hatA. vaizAlI pAse gaDakI 15 nadI hatI. kSatriyakuMDa pAse pahADI nadI hatI vagere

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vaze. mAtra paizAlI pAse temaja kSatriyakuMDa pAse "kelA sanniveza" che eTalI sAmyatA che paraMtu te sAmyatA hakI che evI nathI, kAraNa ke kellAge ghaNAM hatAM. je vaizAlI ane kSatriyakuMDa najIkamAM ke eka heta. te jyAre magadharAja kaNike vaizAlI bhAMgI ane haLathI kheDI nAkhI tyAre kSatriyakuMDane paNa nAza thayA hatA ane te rAjya paNa vIkharAI gayuM hatuM paraMtu tema thayuM nathI. zAstrapATha maLe che ke, bhagavAna mahAvIrasvAmInA nirvANa sudhI kSatriyakuMDa kAyama hatuM ane tyAM naMdivardhana rAjA vidyamAna. hatuM. A rIte paNa vaizAlI tathA kSatriyakuMDa judAM judAM tathA dUra dUra hatAM ema sAbita thAya che. 10. kSatriyakuMDa ane zAhagaDha vagere prAcIna vaizAlI ane prAcIta kSatriyakuMDa ekarUpe ke pAse pAse nahAtAM te pachI arvAcIna vesADagaDha ane kSatriyakuMDane eka athavA nikaTamAM hevAnuM manAya ja kema? vaLI Aje te vesADagaDhanI pAse joIe te te sthAne nadI paNa nathI. AthI bhinnatAmAM eka vadhAre thAya che. zreTigrAma ke gAMtigrAma e kSatriyakuMDana hoI zake? kemake tene kaMDagrAma ke kSatriyakuMDa tarIke paricaya maLatuM nathI. jena ane bauddhonA samakAlIna zAstromAM eka sthAnane barAbara kaTigrAma tarIke ane bIjA sthAnane spaSTa rIte kSatriyakuMDa tarIke oLakhAvela che. eTale cokkasa che ke te bhinna bhinna sthAna che. kollAga sanniveza paNa kSatriyakuMDana ja hoI zake.

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kSatriya kAraNa ke upalabdha vihArapAThothI spaSTa che ke, te kSatriyakaMDathI dUra ane judo hate. vaLI bhagavAnanA vihAramAM 1 vANiyagAma pAsenuM kollAga, 2 kSatriyakuMDa pAsenuM kellAga athavA kellA ane 3 nAlaMdA pAsenuM kellAga; ema traNa kalAga sannivezoda maLe che. caMpA pAse kAlAya gAma hovAnuM paNa maLe che. eTale kellAganI zabdabhramaNAthI tenI pAsenA sthAnane eka athavA nikaTamAM mAnI levAya nahIM. kellAga aneka che, tema vANijayagrAma ane kSatriyakuMDa paNa tenAthI judAM che. | vAsukuMDa e kSatriyakuMDa hatuM. e kalpanA paNa nirAdhAra ja che. 11. kSatriyakuMDa ane vAsukuMDA AjanA vesADagaDhanI IzAnamAM vAsukuMDa che. Adhunika vidvAne mAne che ke, te ja prAcIna kSatriyakuMDa che paNa tenuM koI pramANa maLatuM nathI. - bhagavAne vaizAlImAM vANijyagAmanI nizrAe eka nahi, e nahi paNa bAra bAra mAsAM karyo tyAre samajI zakAya che ke, vaizAlI ane vANijayagrAmanI vacce nAvathI UtarI zakAya evI jaLapUrNa nadI hevAne kAraNe munione gocarIne pariSaha paDe, gRhasthane prabhunaMdana ane upadeza zravaNane aMtarAya naDe e svAbhAvika che. have je vaizAlInI IzAnamAM kSatriyakuMDa nagara heta to bhagavAna kuDapuramAM vadhu comAsAM karata. bhagavAnanI janmabhUmi, jJAtakSatriyanI moTI vastI, brAhmaNanI meTI vastI, jJAtakhaMDavana, bahuzAla cetya

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phAtriyakuMDa udyAna, ane nadInI gaDabaDa nahi tyAdi kAraNe ukta cAmAsAnA lAla kuMDapurane ja vadhu maLatapaNu tema banyuM nathI. bhagavAne kuMDapuramAM eka pazu cAmAsu karyuM " nathI. spaSTa vAta che ke, kSatriyakuMDa vaizAlInI pAse ja na hatuM, pachI kSatriyakuMDane kuDapurane e lAla maLe ja kacAMthI? eTaluM ja nahi vaizAlI ane kuDapura pAse pAse hatAM tenA izArA sarakhA paNu maLatA nathI teA pachI vesADa pAsenuM vAsukuM Da e ja kuMDapura che ema manAya ja kema ? kSatriyakuMDa ane vAyukuMDa e bannemAM 'kuMDa' zabdanuM sAmya che, paraMtu itihAsasiddha ane prasiddha evA kuDapura ke kSatriyakuMDane sthAne vAsukuM Da evuM nAma paDe, e kAyaDA aNuUkela khanI jAya che. vAsukuMDa te kSatriyakuMDa nahi . paNa vaizyagAma hAya e vastu vadhu tarkasaMgata che. vAsukuMDanI pAse brAhmaNakuMDa gAma nathI. karmora gAma paNa nathI. kAmanachaparAgAchIne koragrAma mAnI laIe paraMtu dizA phera che. vAsukuMDanI vAyavyamAM kAlavA gAma che, tenI pahelAM karmoragrAma Ie, jyAre A kAmanachaparA tA vAsukuMDanI dakSiNe che. eTale vihAranI dizA UlaTI paDe che. vAsukuMDa ane karmAranI vacce nadI paNa nathI. kAlavA pachI mArAka ane asthika grAma paNa maLatAM nathI. A viSayeMdrasUri mahArAja ' dvIdhvanikAya 'mAM16khatAvela vaizAlI, bhaMDagrAma, hastigrAma ane jakhUgrAmamAMnA hastigrAmane asthikagrAma tarIke mAne che, je ceAkA zabdabhrama ja che. bhagavAna mahAvIra asthikagrAma padhAryA ane gautamabuddha hastigrAma

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kSatriyaku yAne hAthIkhAla gayA. e mane gAmAne eka mAnI levAM, e tA mAtra kalpanA ja che. 6 bIjI vAta e che ke, AA. vijacedrasUri mahArAja " zaktisaMgamata tra "nA AdhAre pazcimamAM gaDakI nadI sudhI ja " videha bhUmi " mAne che. e rIte tA A hAthI bAlane tee videhanI ja aMtargata mAne che, je ThIka ja nathI. Ama cAre mAjInA vicAra karIe tA prAcIna kSatriyakuMDane sthAne Aje vAyukuMDa che; ema mAnavuM pramANusaMmata nathI. 12. prAcIna kSatriyakuMDa ane arvAcIna kSatriyakuMDaH prAcIna kSatriyakuMDa ane arvAcIna kSatriyakuMDamAM ghaNI jAtanI ekatA maLeche. kSatriyakuMDa tUTIne aneka gAmaDAMomAM vaheMcAI gayuM che. gAmaDAomAM dIpAkarahara, gAyaghATa vagere sUcaka nAmeA che. janmasthAna ane mAhaNA pAse pAse che, mAhaNA gAme bhUmi palaTo karyo dAya ema paNa lAge che, kSatriyakuMDa pAse kurAvavana che. pachI ahavAra baTThI thaIne kro gAma javAya che. sthaLa te paNa krora gAma javAya che. karmora gAmamAM brAhmaNAnI vastI che. lachavAthI vAyavyamAM 3. mAIla rbhAra gAma, tyAMthI vAyavyamAM 5 AIya ku kAnAga gAma ane tenAthI pUmAM 10 mAIla para mANa gAma che. mArA pAse vaDe nadI che, je phyUla nadInA kAMThA rUpe che. A nAma bhagavAnanA dharU khAttanA vihAramAMnA jJAtabhavana, jaLamArga sthaLabhAge jorathrAma, kAlALa sanniveza, mAzaka sanniveza ane adhikaLAma pAsenI

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vegavatI nadI vagere nAme sAthe barAbara maLatAM Ave che. lachavADathI agni khUNAmAM "basabuTTI" gAma che, tene vaizAlInA baniyA gAma sAthe sarakhAvI zakAya. saMbhava che ke, te eka samaye "vaizyapaTTana" haze. vartamAna kSatriyakuMDanI cAre bAju nAnAM moTAM gAmamAM jinAlaye hatAM paNa hAlamAM nathI. . AjanuM kSatriyakuMDa pahADa upara che. A pahADI te kharekhara pahADI nahi kiDu pahADI ghATI che, ane te ghATI paNa khaMDAlA je mahaTe ghATa nahi kitu jayapura ane desA, jayapura ane AMbeDane kille, ajamera ane puSkara, citaDa ane gaDha, pAtura ane zrIpura tathA sirohI ane brAhmaNavADA vacce je caDAva-utAra che tevI nAnakaDI ghATI che. kSatriyakuMDanI dakSiNe te matanAjI tarapha sapATa samatala bhUmi che. kSatriyakuMDa mAtra AvI rIte pahADa upara che ema mAnI zakAya. prAcIna kALanI rAjadhAnIo pahADI upara rahetI hatI. kSatriyakuMDa paNa rAjadhAnInuM zahera che eTale pahADI upara hoya e svAbhAvika che ane rAjadhAnInA lAkSaNika sthApatya pramANe e barAbara paNa che. 13. siphArtha rAjA siddhArtha rAjA te kaMDapura nagarane rAjA hatA. te jJAta jAtine kSatriya hate. A rAjAnAM "AthAraga sUtra ane kalpasUtra' vageremAM 1 siddhArtha, 2 zreyAMsa ane 3 yazAsa (yazasivana ) ema traNa nAme maLe che. temAM videha, videhI, vazAlika evuM kaMI nAma maLatuM nathI eTale siddhArtha rAjAne videhadeza sAthe ke vaizAlI nagarI sAthe kaMI paNa ullekhanIya saMbaMdha hoya ema lAgatuM nathI.

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kSatriyakuMka zrIkalpasUtramAM siddhArtha rAjA mATe 1 kSatriya, 2 zAjA ane 3nareMdra evA zabdo vaparAyA che, je ekArthaka zabdo che. ahIM vaparAyelo kSatriya zabda khAsa sUcaka zabda che. tenAthI tAtkAlIna rAjakIya temaja dhArmika bAbate para sAre prakAza paDe che. jemake - (1) A. vijayeMdrasUrijI lakhe che ke, zabarasvAmIe "pUrvamImAMsAnI TIkAmAM, A0 zrInemicaMdrasUri mahArAjanA. pravacanasAroddhAranI TIkAmAM ane kai sa. A. zrIhemacaMdrasUrie "abhidhAnaciMtAmaNi koSamAM kSatriyane artha rAjA kare che eTale siddhArtha kSatriya kahe ke siddhArtha rAjA kaho e sarakhI vAta che. ahIM vizeSatA eTalI ja che ke, rAjA hIna jAtine nahi kinta zuddha kSitriya hatA, e sUcavavA mATe ja kSatriya zabda vaparAya che. (2) mahArAjA ceTakanA zabdo jAhera che ke, te pitAnI kanyA UMca kSatriyane ja ApatA hatA. temaNe magadharAja. zreNikane potAnI eka putrI ApavAnI sApha nA saMbhaLAvI hatI, jyAre siddhArtha rAjAne pitAnI bena ane siddhArtha putra naMdivardhanane potAnI eka putrI ApI hatI. AthI cakkasa che ke siddhArtha rAjA kSatrimAM paNa ucca kSatriya hate. (3) zAstromAM ugra bhega kSatriya, IkSavAku jJAta kaurava ane harivaMzane AryavaMza tarIke oLakhAvyA che. AmAMnA kSatriyane artha rAjanya thAya che eTale kSatriya zabda ja zreSThatAsUcaka che. 23

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(4) licchavI mahArAjA ceTaka, jJAtavaMzI rAjA siddhArtha, vAhIka rAjA kaNika, ane zAkya rAjA zuddhodana e dareka kSatriya hatA. kintu licchavI ane jJAta e pradhAna manAtA haze. (5) "Avazyaka niryuktimAM tIrthakaranApitAnAM nAmora che, jemAM ghaNA rAjAone kSatriya tarIke ja ulekhyA che. kemake ahIM kSatriya zabdanI pradhAnatA che eTale "kalayasUtramAM vaparAyela kSatriya zabda siddhArtha rAjA ane trizalA rANInI tatkAlIna mahattA sUcavavA mATe che. (6) "tIrthakare zuddha kSatriya kuLamAM janme." A kathanamAM kSatriyavaTanI kiMmata che.25 bha0 mahAvIrasvAmI jJAtakuLamAM jamyA hatA. e rIte paNa jJAtavaMza pradhAnavaMza manAya che ane siddhArtha rAjA zuddha kSatriya gaNAya che. (7) bhagavAna zrI mahAvIra pradhAna kSatriya hatA. AthI paNa kulIna rAjyavaMzanA aneka nabIrAoe temanI pAse dIkSA lIdhI hatI. kalpasUtramAM siddhArtha rAjAne naredrara tarIke saMbodhI daMDanAyaka vagere rAjamaMDaLathI vIMTAyela varNavyA che, je temanA naredrapadane barAbara puravAra kare che. - siddhArtha pachI kuDapuranA siMhAsane tene mATe putra naMdivardhana bese che. pacIseka varSo jatAM magadharAja keNika vaizAlIne bhAge che ane gadheDAnA haLathI kheDAvI nAkhe che paraMtu vaizAlIthI dUra hovAne kAraNe kuMpura AbAda bacI jAya che. bhagavAnanA nirvANa samaye paNa kuMDapuranI rAjadhAnI ane tene rAjA naMdivardhana vidyamAna hatA. rAjAe kAtika

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kSatriyakuM zudi 1 ne divase bhagavAnanA viyAganA zeAka pALyo, ane bIje divase eTale kA. chu. 2 ne divase potAnI ena sudarzanAne tyAM anna lIdhuM. eka dare AthI nakkI thAya che ke, siddhArtha rAjA kuMDapuranA kSatriya rAjA hatA, te vidreDa dezanA nahAtA ane kSatriyakuMDa paNa videhamAM vaizAlInI nikaTamAM nahAtuM. 14. trizalA rANI: siddhArtha rAjAne trizalA nAmanI rANI hatI, je vaizAlInA mahArAjA ceTakanI bahena hatI arthAt te videhanI rAjakanyA hatI. "AcArAMga sUtra" ane "kalpasUtra"mAM tenAM 1 trizalA, ravidehadattA ane 3 priyakAriNI; e traNa nAma sUcavyAM che.27 * siddhArtha rAjAnA " videhu " tarIke paricaya maLatA nathI, jyAre trizalA rANInuM "videhadattA" evuM nAma ja maLe che, je tenA videhakanyA DhAvAnA kAraNe yathArtha che. trizalA rANI 'licchavIkanyA ' hAvAnA kAraNe zuddha kSatriyANI lekhAtI hatI, tethI "kalpasUtramAM" tene kSatriyANI ' tarIke ane khIjA' zAstromAM tene rANI tathA devI tarIke sabadhela che. Avazyaka niyukti"mAM24 cAvIsa tItha 'karAnI mAtAnAM nAma che, je rANIo hAvA chatAM tyAM teone mATe daivI zabda vaparAyA nathI. kAraNa spaSTa che ke ahIM kSatriyANI zabda ja kiMmatI che. te samaye videhanuM sthAna evuM UMcu hatuM ke khIjA dezAmAM tyAMnI kanyA tathA te kanyAnI saMtati paNa sammAnanIya lekhAtI hatI. ane te videhanI saMjJAthI paNa oLakhAtI hatI.

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kSatriyakuMDa A ja kAraNe trizalA rANI "videhadattA nAmathI ane temanA putra bhagavAna mahAvIra "vaidehadatta birudathI prasiddhi pAmyA che. trizalA rANInI bhatrIjI jayeSThA paNa "phaInI pAchaLa bhatrIjInA nyAye trizalA rANInI ja putravadhU banelI che. magadharAja zreNikanI patnI cilaNuM videhakanyA tarIke ane tene putra keNika "vaidehI putra" tarIke prasiddha che. guptavaMzI rAjA caMdraguptanI patnI kumAradevI "licchavI kanyA" tarIke ane samrATa samudragupta "licchavI dauhitra" tarIke vikhyAta che. A nAmo ane biradanuM mULa kAraNa tatkAlIna videhadezanI uttamatA ja che, mATe trizalA rANInuM videhadattA evuM nAma che te yathArtha ja che. 15. bhagavAna mahAvIraH jJAtakSatriya siddhArtha rAjAnI patnI trizalA rANae citra zudi 13nI madhyarAte bha0 mahAvIrasvAmIne janma Apyo. "AcArAMgasUtra" "kalpasUtra" ane "Avazyaka cUrNimAM bhagavAnanAM 1 vardhamAna, 2 zramaNa ane 3 zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ema traNa sArthaka nAma sUcavyAM che. 27 vaLI te ja sUtromAM bhagavAnanAM 1 jJAta, 2 jJAtaputra, 13 jJAtakula nivRta (jJAnakulacaMdra), 4 videha, 5 vaidehadatta, 6 videha jAta zarIrI, ane 7 videhasukumAla vagere birude ApyAM che. "kalpasUtramAM jJAtakula nivRtane sthAne jJAnakulacaMdra pATha che. AmAMnAM pahelAM traNa vizeSaNe pitApakSanAM che, pachInAM traNa vizeSaNe mAtApakSanAM che ane chelluM vizeSaNa

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mika rAjavIpakSanuM che. chellA cAra vizeSaNano artha TIkAnA AdhAre 4 vASabhanArA saMhanana, samacaturasa saMsthAna dehavALA, 5 vadehIdara 6 vijAputra, ane 7 aizvarya, sukumAla (anaMga jevA sukumAla) e thAya che. A vijayeMdrasUri maha jaNAve che ke bhagavAnane mAtRpakSaka tarIke "videha" nAma maLeluM che. siddhArtha rAjA "videha" tarIke prasiddha nathI, mAtra trizalA rANI ane bhagavAna mahAvIra "videhasaMketavALA che. AthI spaSTa che ke, bha0 mahAvIra videhadezanA nahatA. tema kSatriyakuMDa paNa videzamAM nahotuM. paraMtu eTaluM cakkasa che ke, bhagavAnane mosALanA kAraNe videhadezanI sAthe ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hate. "sUtrakRtAMga sUtra" ane "bhagavatI" piMgalaka zrAvaka varNana tathA yaMtI varNanamAM ane "Avazyaka cUNi"mAM bhagavAna mahAvIranuM "vaizAlika" nAma ApyuM che, ane artha e thAya che ke, bhagavAna mahAvIrasvAmIne vaizAlI sAthe ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hate. A. zIlAMkari "sUtrakRtAMga"nI TIkAmAM khulAso kare che ke, bhagavAna vaizAlIkanyAnA putra hatA vizAla kulavALA hatA ane vizAla vacanavALA hatA teyI teo vaizAlika kahevAya che. (a. 2 u. 3) bhagavAnanAM vaizAlI sArthenA saMbaMdhanA kAraNe nIce mujaba lekhAya che. mahArAjA ceTaka ane rAjA siddhArtha e bane ucca kSatriya hatA, gaNarAja hatA, temaja jainadhamI hatA. ceTakarAje siddhArtha rAjA sAthe pitAnI bena trizalA

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kSatriya para ane temanA putra naMdivardhana sAthe potAnI putrI jeSThAne paraNAvI hatI. bhagavAna mahAvIra licchavIenA bhANeja thatA hatA. bhagavAna mahAvIra ucca kSatriya hatA ja ane mahAtyAgI ghora tapasvI tathA ugravihArI jaina zramaNa banyA. bhagavAna mahAvIra tIrthakara thayA, aneka kulIna rAjA, rANI, rAjakumAra, rAjakanyA vagere temanA ziSya banyA. prakhyAta rAjAo bhakta banyA. bhagavAne jainadharmane unnata banAvyA svAvAdane vikasA, licchavIone jenadharmamAM vadhu sthira karyA, vaizAlImAM bAra mAsAM kya, vaizAlIne jainadharmanuM kendra banAvyuM vagere kAraNe bhagavAnane vaizAlI sAthe ghaniSTha saMbaMdha manAtuM hatuM ane leke bhagavAna mahAvIrane "vaizAlika" tarIke oLakhatA hatA. Aje paNa leke gAMdhIjIne sAbaramatIno saMta, pU. A. vijayadharmasUri mahArAjane kAzIvALA, A. vijayavallabhasUrine paMjAbI, paMjAba kesarI ane muni kapUravijyajIne kAzIvALA tarIke saMbodhe che, te teonA te te sthAnanA ghaniSTa saMbaMdhane kAraNe ja. ghaniSTha saMbaMdha che te sAcuM, paNa teo tyAM tyAM jagyA nathI. e ja rIte bhagavAna mahAvIranA vaizAlI sAthe ghaniSTha saMbaMdha che paraMtu bhagavAna vaizAlImAM janmyA nathI e vAta cokkasa che. bauddha graMtha jaNAve che ke, vaizAlImAM bauddha dharmanuM varcasva nahotuM kemake gautamabuddha vaizAlImAM eka ja comAsuM karyuM hatuM. temanA anuyAyIo paNa tyAM vezyA AmrapAlI ane siMha senApati vagere gaNyAgAMThayA hatA, ane buddha

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14 kSatriyakuMDa vaizAlIne " pAkhaMDIonA eka maTha " tarIke oLakhAvela che. ApaNe jANIe chIe ke, licchavIe baLavAna hatA,. jJAti vyavasthA, gaNata tra sacAlana ane svadharmapAlanamAM ekkA hatA, tema abhimAnI paNa hatA. tethI ja te potAnI kanyA sAmAnya kuLamAM ApatA nahAtA. zreNika jevA rAjA mahArAjAone paNa macaka ApI nahAtI. ItaradhI Ane bahumAnatA nahAtA, jo ke te nyAyanI sAme namra hatA ane bhagavAna mahAvIranA upadezathI vizeSa namra tathA samabhAvI anyA hatA. kintu temanI abhimAnanI mAtrAe samULa nAza pAmI na hatI. mULa svarUpa magadharAja zreNike ceTakanI rAjakanyA celaNAnuM haraNa karAvyuM ane teNInI sAthe lagna karyuM; magadharAja keANike vaizAlInA vinAza karyA. manu mahArAje licchavIone trAtya kahI niMdyA, ane gautamabuddhe vAlIne "pAkhaMDIenA maTha " tarIke jAhera karI. paNa AmAM eka vAta vIjaLI jevI camake che te e che ke, vaizAlI jainadharmanuM keMdra hatuM. licchavIe bhagavAna mahAvIranA ananya bhakto hatA. khasa, A ja kAraNe bhagavAna mahAvIra vaizAlika " tarIke oLakhAtA hatA. bhagavAna mahAvIra 30 varSa sudhI Asakti vagara gharamAM rahyA ane 42 varSa sudhI nimabhAve munipaNAmAM rahyA. ema dehanI mamatA na heAvAnA kAraNe paNa te ' videha ja manAya che. bhagavAnanAM cvana, janma ane dIkSA kSatriyakuMDamAM,

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kSatriyakuDa 55 kevaLajJAna ajuvAlukA nadIne kinAre ane nivANaprApti apApAmAM thayela che. 12. gaMgA pAra vihAra bhagavAna mahAvIrasvAmIe 42 varSanA dIkSAkALamAM aneka zahera, gAma, sanniveze, nadIo ane jaMgalamAM vihAra karyo che. teo ugra vihArI hatA. daSTAMta tarIke bhagavAne 10muM mAsu zrAvastimAM karyuM. tyAMthI hatizIrSa, siddhArthapura, AlaMbiyA,vetAMbI, zrAvasti, kauzAmbI vArANasI, gaMgA nadI, rAjagRhI, mithilA tarapha vicarI vaizAlImAM AvI 11muM comAsu karyuM. AvA ugra vihArI hatA. teoe aneka sthAnamAM vihAra karyo che jenI saMpUrNa yAdI maLatI nathI. mAtra jyAM jyAM vizeSa ghaTanA banI, te te sthAnanI noMdha maLe che ane te paNa TUMkA zabdamAM ja lakhAyela che. - bhagavAnane vihArakrama A pramANe maLe che. kSatriyakuMDanA jJAtavanamAM dIkSA, kamaragrAmamAM pahele rAtrivAsa, gevALiyAne upasarga, kellAga sannivezamAM chaThTha tapanuM pAraNuM, ardhavastradAna, merAka sannivezamAM kulapatinI vinati, ATha mahinA sudhI vihAra, mArAmAM tathA asithaka gAmamAM paheluM comAsu, asthika gAmamAM zUlapANi yakSane upasarga, merAka sannivezamAM comAsI pAraNuM, dakSiNa vAcAlAthI jatAM svarNavAlukA nadIne kAMThe vastrapatana, svarNavAlukA ane rogavAlukAnuM ulaMghana, uttara vAcAlAnA vanakhaMDamAM caMDakauzikane pratibodha, uttara vAcAlA ane vetAMbImAM pradezIe karelo satkAra, surabhIpuramAM tAMbI janArA pAMca rathavAlA niraya

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kSatriyaku rAjAonuM vaMdana, gaMgA pAra karatAM nAvamAM suTThaSTranA upasa, (bhRNAka sanniveza) rAjagRhInA nAlaMdA pADAmAM bIjI cAmAsu, kellAga sannivezamAM cAmAsI pAraNuM vagere vagere. 29 ka bhagavAne judI judI nadIone anekavAra vaTAvI che. vaizAlImAM 12 cAmAsAM,30 ane rAjagRhImAM 14 cAmAsAM thayAM. tyAM jatAM AvatAM avAranavAra gaMgA pAra gayA hatA, paNa tenIce pUrI noMdha maLatI nathI. eTale gaMgA taTa bhagavAnanA pacihnA TrUkhI puSpa sAmudrikanuM Agamana, asthikagrAma pAse vegavatI nadI, svaNu vAlukAne kAMThe vajrapatana, gaMgA pAra karatAM suSTranA upasarga', gaDakI nadInuM nAvathI ullaMghana ItyAdi vizeSa ghaTanAe sivAya nadIonAM nAmA noMdhAyAM nathI. bhagavAna surabhIpurathI rAjagRhI jatAM nAvavaDe gagA nadIne UtayA hatA ane tyAMja temane puSpa jyAtiSI maLyo hatA. gaMgA oLaMgavAne A eka ja prasaMga noMdhAyA che paNa AthI ema na kahI zakAya ke, bhagavAna AnI pahelAM ke pachI gaMgA nadIne Utaryo ja nathI. kemake bhagavAne aneka vAra gaMgA pAra karI che e cokkasa khInA che. ahI 50 kalyANavijayajI ma. mAne che ke, bhagavAna gaMgA pAra karI bIjI comAsu rAjagRhI padhAryA, te pahelAM temaNe gaMgAne eALaMgI nathI. tyAM sudhI te gagAnI uttara uttaramAM viyA che ane e ja hisAbe gaMgAnI uttare vaizAlI pAse kSatriyakuMDa hAvAnuM siddha thAya che vagere vagere.

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kSatriyakuMDa teonI A mAnyatAnuM kAraNa, bhagavAnane te pahelAM gaMgA oLaMgavAne prasaMga zAstramAM noMdhAye nathI e ja che. je ke bhagavAne gaMgA nadIne anekavAra vaTAvI che paraMtu mAtra temAMne eka ja ullekha karAyo che. e cokkasa vAta che, chatAMya paMnyAsajI mahArAje mAtra nedhAyela prasaMgane ja pradhAnatA ApI, AvI kalpanA karI che, te ThIka nathI. - sAcI vAta e che ke, bha0 mahAvIra rAkanA comAsA pachI gaMgA pAra karIne zvetAMbI padhAryA ane tyAMthI pAchA pharI bIjI vAra gaMgA vaTAvIne rAjagRhI padhAyo. paraMtu gayA tyAre keI vizeSa ghaTanA banI nahIM, eTale tenI neMdha levAI nathI. pAchA AvyA tyAre gaMgAmAM ja upasarga naDyo eTale e gaMgA ullaMghananI upasarganA kAraNe ja nedha levAI che. nahi nedhAyelA gaMgA pAranA vihAre aneka thayA che A sthitimAM seMdhAyelA ekanA eka prasaMgane AgaLa karIne tenA bharose kaMI nirNaya ApI zakAya nahIM. eTale A prasaMganA AdhAre kSatriyakuMDane gaMgAnI uttare mAnI zakAya nahIM. 10. kSatriyakuMDamAM vihAra: bhagavAne betAlIsa varSanA dIkSAkALa daramiyAna kSatriyakuMDa-brAhmaNakuMDamAM aneka vAra vihAra karyo che paraMtu tenI vyavasthita nedha maLatI nathI. nedhapAtra mAtra be-traNa prasaMge maLe che te A pramANe cheH (1) bhagavAna bIjuM mAsu karI caMpA jatAM ahI brAhmaNagrAmamAM padhAryA hatA. ahIM naMda ane upanaMda brAhmapaNanA be pADA hatA. sAthe rahelA zAlAe ahIM upanaMdanA

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13 kSatriyakuMDa pADAne tejAlezyAthI khALI nAkhyA hatA. ane A noMdhapAtra ghaTanA banavAthI ja ahIM gAmanA ullekha thayelA che. (ra) bhagavAna brAhmaNakuMDa gAmanA bahuzAla caityamAM samAsaryAM tyAre RSabhadatta prAhmaNu ane devAnaDhA brAhmaNIe temanI pAse dIkSA lIdhI. (3) bhagavAna ahuzAla caityamAM samAsaryo tyAre bhagavAnanA jamAI rAjaputra jamAlIe 500 kSatriya kumArA sAthe ane putrI priyadarzanAe 1000 rAjakanyAo sAthe dIkSA lIdhI. jo ke bhagavAna ahIM aneka vAra padhAryA che paraMtu khAsa noMdhapAtra ghaTanA na banavAthI bIjA ullekhA maLatA nathI, e saheje mAnI zakAya tema che. bIjI muddAnI vAta tA e che ke, bhagavAne kSatriyakuMDapuramAM eka paNa cAmAsu karyuM" nathI.30 50 klyANuvijayajI ma. A prasaMgane anulakSIne tA kare che ke, kSatriyakuMDamAMthI 500 kSatriyakumAraza ane 1000 kSatriya kanyAee eka sAthe dIkSA lIdhI hatI. A AMkaDAthI puravAra thAya che ke, kSatriyakuMDamAM kSatriyAnAM gharA ghaNAM hatAM, je dareka bhagavAnanA upAsaka hatA. chatAMya bhagavAne ahI eka paNa cAmAsu kyu nathI enuM kAraNa e ja hAI zake ke, kSatriyakuMDa nagara vaizAlI nagarInI pAse hatuM eTale bhagavAnanAM vANijyagAmanAM 12 cAmAsAnA lAbha kSatriyakuMDane maLatA hatA. vaLI kSatriyakuMDa vaizAlI pAse hatuM e A rIte paNa nizcita thAya che vagere.

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kSatriyakuMDa vi. saM. 4001ne vidvAna amadAvAda pAsenA pAlaDI gAmane ja porabaMdara tarIke siddha karavA, 1 te baMdara hatuM, kAraNa ke nadI kAMThe hatuM. 2 tyAM gAMdhIjIe Azrama sthApe nathI kAraNa ke janatA sAbaramatInA Azramano lAbha laI zake eTaluM te najIkamAM hatuM. 3 gAMdhIjI sAbaramatInA saMta kahevAya che kAraNa ke te amadAvAda pAse sAbaramatInA kinAre pAlaDI gAmamAM janmyA hatA. sAbaramatI Azrama ane pAlaDI judI judI ke dUra dUra nathI. AvI AvI phekelajI calAve che tene keNa rokI zake? paMnyAsajI mahArAjanI kSatriyakuMDane vaizAlInuM paruM siddha karanArI ane ukta saMzAdhaka vidvAnanI piorabaMdarane amadAvAdanuM paruM siddha karanArI A vicAradhArAmAM buddhigamya tarkasaMgati che, prauDha kalpanAsRSTi che paNa te vAstavika nathI, e ja khedanI vAta che. kemake A tarkaNAnI viruddhamAM te aneka dalIle che. A. vijayeMdrasUrijI panyAsajIe dorela kSatriyakuMDanI bhogelika sthApanAne bhUlabharelI batAve che ane ApaNe vaizAlI ane kSatriyakuMDa" vagere prakaraNamAM bIjI bIjI khAmIo joI gayA chIe, eTale "bhagavAne kSatriyakuMDanuM comAsu karyuM nathI " e vAtane sAme dharIne kSatriyakuMDane vaizAlInuM paruM mAnavuM, emAM kAMI vajUda jevuM nathI. bhagavAne kSatriyakuMDamAM comAsu karyuM nathI" e. eka samasyA te che ja. tene khulAse be rIte thaI zake che. kSatriyakuMDa e pahADI nagara hatuM. tyAM javA AvavAne

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ka kSatriyakuMDa paNa bahuM sugamatA nahotI. saMbhava che ke, A ja kAraNe bhagavAna brAhmaNakuMDanA bahuzAla caityamAM padhAratA haze tenI pAse ja bahAra nadI che, jene artha ghaNupANI e thAya che. ghaNuM pANI ane ghaNI vanaspatinA kAraNe te comAsA cogya kSetra na hoya ane tethI bhagavAne tyAM mAruM na karyuM hoya te te paNa banavAjoga che. bIje khulAse e ja hoI zake ke, bhAratanA dharmAcAryo ke saMta pitAnI janmabhUmimAM javA AvavAnuM bahu pasaMda karatA na hatA ane AvI jAtanuM vartana te eka bhAratIya saMskRtinuM aMga lekhAtuM hatuM. gautamabuddha, saMta kabIra, dayAnaMda sarasvatI ane gAMdhI vagere anekanA jIvanamAMthI ApaNane A vastu barAbara maLI Ave che. game te he, kintu kSatriyakuMDa vaizAlInI pAse hatuM, tenI tarapheNamAM nahIM paNa virodhI purAvA maLe che. eTale "bhagavAne kSatriyakuMDamAM vihAra karyo che kintu mAru karyuM nathI." A ghaTanAnA AdhAre kSatriyakuMDa jevA moTA zaherane vaizAlInI nikaTamAM kalpI levuM e sapramANa nathI. 18. kSatriyakuMDa ane pAvApurI bha0 mahAvIra chelluM mAruM pAvApurI padhAryA ane 72 varSanI uMmare divALInI rAtre tyAM ja nirvANa pAmyA. bhagavAnanA moTA bhAI ane kSatriyakuMDanA rAjA naMdivardhanane A samAcAra tarata ja poMcADavAmAM AvyA hatA. te rAjAe A sAMbhaLI khAvA-pIvAnuM choDI dIdhuM ane Aje divasa gamagInImAM pasAra karyo. bIje divase eTale kArtika

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hariyaDa zudiranA divase tenI bena sudarzanAe bhAIne samajAvI zAMta pADI annajaLa levarAvyAM. te samayathI kA. za. 2 ne divase "bhAI bIjanuM parva cAlu thayuM che. kharekhara! dIvALI, besatuM varSa ane bhAIbIja e traNe parva bha0 mahAvIra svAmInAM cirakAlIna saMbhAraNuM che. A ghaTanAmAMthI ahIM ApaNane eTaluM ja prastuta che ke, kSatriyakuMDa ane pAvApurI nivANanA samAcAra jaladI mokalI zakAya eTalAM pAse pAse hatAM. A pAvApurI gaMgAnI uttare bhagI dezanI rAjadhAnI hatI e nahi, kintu gaMgAnI dakSiNe rAjagRhInI pUrvamAM madhyama pAvA hatI te ja che. bhagavAna madhyama pAvAmAM nirvANa pAmyA che. tyAMthI vaizAlI lagabhaga 8 jana (65 mAIla) ane lachavADa pAsenuM kSatriyakuMDa lagabhaga 4jana (36 mAIla) thAya che. te samaye lachavADa pAsenuM kSatriyakuMDa te kSatriyakuMDa hatuM, tethI ja bha0 mahAvIrasvAmInA nivaNanA samAcAra rAjA naMdivardhanane jaladI savAre ja maLI gayA hatA. A rIte lavADa pAsenuM kSatriyakuMDa sAcuM hevAnuM vadhAre siddha thAya che. tAravaNuM ApaNe joI gayA ke kSatriyakuMDa kyAM AvyuM? tenA uttaramAM traNa pakSa taraphathI 1 lachavADa pAse, 2 nAlaMdA pAse, ane 3 vaizAlI pAse-ema traNa sthAne raju karavAmAM AvyAM che ane tenI parIkSA mATe ApaNe upara kSatriyakuMDanA AdhAra staMbhe, upalabdha thatA zabda praye, tenA artho te

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kSatriyakuMDa aMgenI mAnyatAo, kSetrameLa, ane bIjI jarUrI bAbatane vicAra karyo che. A uparathI e traNe sthAne kSatriyakuMDa banavAne mATe keTalAM hakadAra che, te nIce pramANe tAravI zakAya che. 1. lachavADa pAsenuM kSatriyakuMDa te AryadezamAM che, videha dezamAM nathI. gaMgA ane modagiri pradezanI dakSiNe pahADI ghATI upara che. te vazAlInuM upanagara nahIM paNa svataMtra rAjadhAnInuM zahera hatuM. tenI pAse jJAtakhaMDavana hatuM, bahuzAla citya hatuM, brAhmaNakuMDa jeDiyuM gAma hatuM, UbhA pravAhavALI nadI hatI. tenI pAse mAhaNA, kamAra, ke lAga, merA, vasupaTTI gAma che, bahAra nadI che, jaLasthaLa mArga che. merAka pAse vaDa nadI che. siddhArtha rAjA, trizalA rANa, naMdivardhana rAjA, bha0 mahAvIra ane jamAlI vagere ahIM thayA che. (mAtA trizalA rANuM videhanAM hatAM ane bha0 mahAvIra pote vaizAlImAM vizeSa vicaryA che tethI videhIdatta tathA vaizAlika paNa kahevAya che) bha0 mahAvIra ahIM vicaryA che paNa mAsu rahyA nathI. ahIMthI pAvApurI pAse paDe che paNa vesADapaTTI, gaMDakI nadI ane vANijya zrAma ghaNAM dvAra che. 2. nAlaMdA pAsenuM kuMDalapura-te AryadezamAM che. gaMgAnI dakSiNe magadhanA rAjyamAM hatuM. samatala bhUmimAM che, ane tenI pAse brAhmaNakuMDa, kamara gAme nathI. pAse kellAga gAma hatuM. pAvApurI ahIMthI najIkamAM che. vesADapaTTI, gaMDakI nadI ke vANijaya grAma ahIMthI ghaNAM dUra hatAM-dUra che. bIjA

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zariyaDa koI vadhu purAvA maLatA nathI. 3. vesADa pAsenuM vAsukuMDa-te AdezamAM che. videha rAjyamAM che, gaMgAnI uttare che, samatala bhUmimAM che. te vaizAlInuM upanagara hatuM. tenI pAse vaizAlI, gaMDakI nadI, vANijya grAma, hRti palAza caitya ane kellAga sanniveza hatAM. Aje besADa, baniyA ane kelavA gAma che. tenI ane kelavAnI vacce kamaragAma, nadIne jaLamArga ane sthaLamArga levA joIe te nathI. mAtra sthaLamArga che. tenI pAse kAmanachAparAgAchI che, je UlaTI dizAmAM che. vizAlI ane kSatriyakuMDa pAse pAse havAne purAvo maLatA nathI eTale te dUra dUra hatAM, Aje paNa dUra dUra che. kuMDapuramAMthI vAsukuMDa zabda banI zake nahIM. kuDapura, brAhmaNakuMDa, kSatriyakuMDa ane pAvApurI ahIMthI dUra dUra hatAM ane Aje paNa dUra dUra che. siddhArtha rAjA ahIM thayA nathI kemake temane "videhanI upAdhi nahatI. rAjA naMdivana paNa ahIM thayA nathI, kemake magadharAja keNike vaiizAlI ane tenAM parAMno nAza karI tyAM potAnI sattA sthApI, tyAre nadivardhana vaizAlIthI dUra kSatriyakuMDamAM rAjya karatA hatA. mAtA trizalA videhanAM hatAM, tethI bhagavAna vadehIdana" kahevAyA. bhagavAna vaizAlI vibhAgamAM vizeSa vicaryA che tethI "vaizAlika" paNa kahevAyA che. siddhArtha rAjA ane naMdivardhana rAjA ahIM thayA nathI, tema bhagavAna paNa ahIM jagyA nathI. ekaMdare 1 kSatriyakuMDa, 2 kuMDalapura ane 3 vAsukaMDa e traNe sthAne Aje vidyamAna che, temAM kSatriyakuMDa hovAnuM

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kSatriyakuMDa hakadAra koNa che? te tenA purAvAo uparathI nakkI karI zakAya tema che, je purAvAonI gAmavAra yAdI upara ApI che. upalabdha purAvAo ane varNanane saravALA-bAdabAkI karIe, te tAravaNa eja nIkaLe che ke lachavADa pAsenuM kSatriyakuMDa e ja prAcIna kSatriyakuMDa che, e ja bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmInuM kharuM janmasthAna che.

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kSatriyakuMDa pA da dha [TippaNI]

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pAdanoMdha *1 Aryadeza-- (1) rAyagiha magaha (2) caMpA, aMgA taha (3) tAmalitti bNgaay| (4) kaMcaNapuraM kaliMgA, (5) vANArasI ceva kAsI ya // 1 // (6) sAketa kosalA (7) gayapuraM ca kuru (8) soriyaM kusaTTA y| (9) kaMpilaM paMcAlA, (10) ahichattA jaMgalA ceva // 2 // (11) bAravaI ya suraTThA, (12) videha mihilA ya (13) vaccha kosNbii| (14) naMdipuraM saMDibbhA, (15) mahilapurameva malayA ya // 3 // (16) verADa vaccha (17)varaNA, acchA taha ya (18) mattiyAvaha dsnnaa| '(19) suttIvaha ya cedI, (20) vIyabhayaM sIMdhu sovIrA // 4 // (21) mahurA ya sUraseNA, (22) pAvA bhaMgI ya, (23) mAsapuri vttttaa| (24) sAvatthI ya kuNAlA, (25) koDivarisaM ca lADhA ya // 5 // (26) seyaviyA viya nagarI, kegai-addhaM ca AriyaM bhaNiya / jatthupatti jiNANaM, cakkINaM rAmakaNhANaM // 6 // ['bRhatkalpasUtra' u0 1, pR0 913.]

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kSatriyakuMka *2 munivihArabhUmi kappai nimmaMthANa vA nimgathINa vA purathimeSaM jAva aMga magahAo etae, dakkhiNeNaM jAva kosaMbIo, paJcatthimeNaM jAva thUNA visayAo, uttareNaM jAva kuNAlA visayAo ettae / etAva tAva kappai / etAva tAva Arie khette / No se kappai etto baahiN| teNa paraM jattha nANa-dasaNa-caritcAI ussappaMti tti bemi| ['bRhatkalpasUtra' u0 1 sU0 50] ..... .... ...., pharUktio aha idANi khetammi / caudisi samaNuSNAvaM, mottUNa pareNa pddisejhe| -ni. 3210 // ni0 3242, vyAkhyA- kalpate nirgranthAnAM vA nirgranthInAM vA pUrvasyAM dizi yAvadaMga-magadhAn etuM vihartum / aMgA nAma campApratibaddhoM jnpdH| magadhA-rAjagRhIpratibaddho deshH| dakSiNasyAM dizi yAvat kauzAmbImetum / pratIcyA dizi sthUNAviSayaM yaavdeNtum| uktarasyAM dizi kuNAlA viSayaM yAvadetum / sUtre pUrva-dakSiNAdipadebhyastRtIyAnirdezo liMbaNyAyayazca prAkRtatvAt / etAvat tAvat kSetramadhIkRtya viha klpte| kutaH ? ityAha-etAvat tAvad yasmAdAryakSetram / no "se" tasya nimranthasya nindhyA vA kalpate. " ataH" evaMvidhAd AryakSetrAd bahivihartum / tataH paraM bahirvezeSu api sampratinRpatikAlAdArabhya yatra jJAna

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darzana-cAstriANi "utsarpanti" sphAtimAsAdayanti tatra vihartavyam / 'iti' prismaaptau| bravImi, iti tIrthakara-gaNadharopadezena, na tu svamanISikayeti suutraarthH|| [zrIjaina AtmAnaMda sabhA-bhAvanagara, prakAzita 'bRhatkalpasUtra' bhA0 4, pR0 907 ] sAeyammi puravare, sabhUmi bhAgammi vaddhamANeNa / / musamiNaM paNNasaM, paDucca taM ceva kAlaM tu // ni0 3261 // magahA kosaMbIyA, thUNAvisao kuNAlavisao y| esA vihArabhUmI, etAvaMtA''riyaM khetaM // ni0 3262 // *3, 16 janapada 1 kAzI, 2 kozala, 3 aMga, 4 magadha, 5 vajI, 6 malla, 7 cetiya (cedI), 8 vaMza (vatsa), 9 kuru, 10 pAMcAla 11 maccha (matsya ), 12 zUrasena, 13 assaka ( azmaka), 14 avantI, 15 gandhAra, 16 kmboj| [bauddha grantho] 16 janapada ajo tti ! samaNe bhagavaM mahAvIre samaNe niggaMdhe AmaMtettA, evaM vayAsI-bAbatieNaM ajo! gosAleyAM makhalipusaNaM mamaM vahAe sarIragaMsi teye nisaSTe, seNaM alAhi pajjate solasahaM jamavayANaM taM jahA agANaM baMgANe magahANaM malayANaM mAlavagANaM asthANa vAyANe kovyANaM pADhANaM lADhANaM vajANaM molINa kAsINaM kosalANaM avAhANaM

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70 kSatriyakuMDa suMbhuttarANaM ghAtAe vahAe ucchAdaNayAe bhaasiikrnnyaae| (sUtra-554) [ 'bhagavatIsUtra' za0 15, pR0 379] *4 videha-mithilA-('vaizAlI' pustikAnA AdhAre) videha-mithilA ya // 3 // ('bRhatkalpa' u0 1) mihila-videhA y|| (pravacanasAroddhAra' ) iheva bhArahe vAse pUJcadese videha nAma jaNavao, saMpaikAle tirahutti deso tti bhnnnni| tattha.......mihilA nAma nayarI hutthA, saMpayaM jagai tti psiddhaa| (A0 jinaprabhasUrikRta-'tIrthakalpa'.) (4) tIrabhuktyuparikAdhikaraNasya / (5) tIrabhuktau vinayasthitisthApakAdhikaraNasya / (6) tIrakumArAmAtyAdhikaraNasya / (7) vaishaalydhisstthaanaadhikrnn| (vaizAlIthI maLelI mudrAmao, 'vaizAlI' pR0 16) *5 vajIsaMgha, vaidehIputra, ATha saMgha "The Vajjis like the Licchavis, are often associated with the city of Vesali, Which was not only the Capital of the Licchavi clan, but also the metropolis of the entire confederacy. 'A Buddhist tradition quoted by Rockhill' (Life of the Buddha P. 62) mentions the city of Vesali as consisting of three districts. These districts were

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zariyakuMDa probably at one time the seats of three different clans." Geography of Early Buddhism (P. 12) arthAt-vaizAlI na kevala licchaviyoMkI rAjadhAnI thI, apitu sampUrNa vajjI saMghakI rAjadhAnI thii| vaizAlIke antargata tIna parakoTe the| __" Ajatasatru is called Vedehiputto or Vaideheputtra......goes to show that king Bimbisara established inatrimonial alliance with the Licchavis by marrying a Licchavi princess." Geography of Early Buddhism (P. 13.) ajAtazatruko vaidehIputra kahA jAtA thaa| isase pragaTa hai ki bimbisAra (zreNika)ne licchavI rAjakumArIse byAha karake licchaviyoMke sAtha samajhautA kiyA huA thaa| "Mithila was the capital of the Videhas and is celebrated in the Epics as the land of king Janak. At the time of Buddha the Videha country was one of the eight constituent principalities of the Vajjian confederacy. Of these eight Principalities the Licchavis of Vesali and the Videhas of Mithila were, howere, the most important." Geography of Early Buddhism (P. 30) arthAt-mithilA videhakI rAjadhAnI thii| mahAtmA buddhake samaya vajjI saMghake ATha pramukha saMghomeMse eka thii| ('vaizAlI' pustikAnA AdhAre)

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*6 videha - mithilA (vaizAlI pustikAmA AdhAre ) juo 'zatapathabrAhmaNa' a0 4 A0 1 sUtra0 10 - 19 gaMDakItIramArabhya, campAraNyAntakaM zive / paangh videhabhUH samAkhyAtA, tIramUna jAbhidho- manuH // zaktisaMgama taMtra ) mithilA - vaidehI ( 'bRhadUviSNupurANa, mithilAkhaMDa, pArAzara - maitreya saMvAda :) gaMgA himavatormadhye, madIpazcadazAntare / 'tairabhuktiriti khyAtI, dezaH paramapAvanaH // kauzikIM tu samAramya, gaMDakImadhigamya ca / yojanAni caturviMzad vyAyAmaH parikIrtitaH // gaMgApravAhamArabhya, yAvadvaimavataM vanam / vistAraH SoDazaH prokto, dezasya kulanandanaH // mithilA nAma nagarI, tatrAste lokavizrutA / paJcabhiH kAraNaiH puNyA, vikhyAtA jagatItraye // ('bRhaduviSNupurANa' ) 'mithilA tairabhuktizca, vaidehI naimikAnanam / jJAnazIlaM kRpApIThaM, svarNalAGgalapaddhatiH // jAnakI janmabhUmizca niraMpekSA vikalmaSA / rAmAnandakI vizva-bhAvanI 'nityamaGgalA || - iti dvAdaza nAmAni mithilAyAH ||

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ongs sadA bhuvanasampanno, nadItIreSu saMsthitaH / tIreSu muktiyogema, tairabhuktiriti suttam // ( 'bRhadviSNupurANa' mithilAkhaMDa ) gaMgAyAH uttarato videhadezaH // dezo'yaM, janakAnAM rAjyam / asyaiva nAmAntaraM mithilA / rAjyasya rAjadhAnyA api mithilaiva nAmadheyaM babhUva / mithilAnAmnA nRpatinA sthApitaM mithilArAjya( 'bhArata bhUgola' pR0 37 ) miti purANAni kathayanti // nimeH putrastu tatraiva, mithirnAma mahAn smRtaH / pUrva bhujabalairyena, tairahutasya pArzvataH // ........ nirmitaM svIyanAmnA ca, mithilApuramuttamam / purI janma sAmarthyAt, janakaH sa ca kIrtitaH // ( 'bhaviSyapurANa' ) arAjakamayaM nRNAM manyamAnA maharSayaH / dehaM mamanthuH sma nise:, kumAraH samajAyata | janmanA janakaH so'bhUt, vaidehastu videhajaH / mithilo mathanAjjAto, mithilA yena nirmitA // ('bhAgavata purANa' # bhAratIya itihAsakI rUparekhA pR0 310-311 *8 vaizAlI vAstu naravyAghraputraH paramadhArmikaH || 11||

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kSatriyakuMDa alaMbuSAyAmutpanno, vizAla iti vizrutaH / tena cAsIdiha sthAne, vizAleti purI kRtA // 12 // ( 'rAmAyaNa' AdikAMDa, sarga - 47 ) vizAlo vaMzakRdU rAjA, vaizAlIM nirmame purIm ||33|| ( 'bhAgavatapurANa' skaM0 9 a0 2 ) *9 jUo zrImatI sTIvansananuM ' hIsTrI opha jainijhama' pR0 21,22 arvAcIna vidvAnoe vaizAlika bhagavAnane vizAlAnA banAvyA, ane zrImatI sTIvansane vaizya jAtinA ja banAvI dIdhA / *10 kuNDapura - (digambara zAstrapATha 'vaizAlI' pustikAmAMthI ) siddhArthanRpatitanayo, bhAratavAsye videha kuNDapure ( di0 A0 pUjyapAdakRta 'dazabhakti' ) tatrAkhaNDalanetrAlI - padminIkhaNDamaNDalam / sukhAmbhaH kuNDamAbhAti, nAmnA kuMDapuraM puram // 5 // ( di0 A0 jinasenakRta 'harivaMzapurANa' khaM0 1 sa0 2 ) dizyAyayustaditi kuNDapuraM surendrAH // 61 // ( di0 kavi asagakRta, 'vardhamAnacaritra' sa0 17 ) * 11 kuMDalapura gAma nAlandAse saTA huA lagabhaga do mIla kI dUrI para eka kuMDalapura nAmaka gAMva | ('jaina siddhAMta bhAskara, ' bhA0 10 ki0 250 60 )

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" U kSatriyakuMDa *12 naiyaka gaNarAjAopaMcarahe nijjarAyANo // Avazyaka ni0 468 // vyAkhyA- tatthaMtarAe NejagA rAyANo paMcahiM rathehiM eMti paesiraNNo pAse, tehiM tattha sAmI vaMdio pUio ya / +naiyakAH gotrataH, pradeze nijA ityapare / *13 gaNarAjAo-('vaizAlI' pustikAmAthI) tattha niccakAlaM raja kAretvA vasaMtAnaM yeva rAjUnaM sattasahassAni sattasatAni satta (7707) ca rAjAno hoti / tattakA ceva uparAjAno, tattakA senApatino, tattakA bhaMDAgArikA / (phosabola saMpAdita, 'ekapaNNajAtaka' saM0 149, 1, 504) *14 licchavI dauhitra prathama mahArAjA caMdraguptano putra mahArAjA samudragupta "licchavI dauhitra" tarIke paNa oLakhAya che. (guptavaMzanA sikkAmao, 'vaizAlI 'nI bhUmikA) *15 gaMDakI nadI, vANijyagAma nAtho'pi siddhArthapurAt , vaizAlI nagarI yayau / zaMkhaH pitRmuhRttatrAbhyAnarca gaNarAT prabhum // 138 // tataH pratasthe bhagavAn , grAma vANijakaM prati / mArge gaMDakikA nAma, nadI nAvottatAra ca // 139 // (A0 hemacaMdrasUrikRta, 'mahAvIracaritra' sarga-4)

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*16 gautamabuddha-vihAramArga-- ... A bhagavAn vaizAlIse bhaNDagrAma, hastigrAma, AmrapAma, jambUmAma aura bhoganagara hote hue pAvA Ae the| ('dIghanikAya' 2, 3 / 'dharmadUta' kramAMka 141 10 123) B kosambi cApi sAketaM, sAvatthiM ca puruttamaM / setavyaM kapilavatthu, kusinAraM ca mandiraM / / pAvaM ca bhoganagaraM, vezAliM mAgadhaM puraM / ' ('munipAsa', 'dharmadUta' ka0 141, pR0 125) C ambalatthikA,nAlandA,mATaligrAma,koTigrAma,nAdikA, vaishaalii| (gautamabuddhakI aMtima yAtrA, 'mahAparinibbANasutta' 'vaizAlI', pR026) D bhagavAn vaizAlIvanaM avizaraNa dakSiNena / sarvakAryena nAmAvalokitena vyalokayati // idaM Ananda ! tathAgatasya apazcimaM vaizAlIdarzanam / na bhUyo Ananda ! tathAgato vaizAlI AgamiSyati // ('vaizAlI abhinandanagrantha' pRSTha 15.) ___E nagarake dakSiNa tIna lI para ambapAlI vezyAkA bAga hai, jise usane buddhadevako dAna diyA ki ve usameM raheM / buddhadeva parinivvANake liye jaba saba ziSyoM sahita vaizAlI nagarake pazcima dvArase nikale to dAhinI ora vaizAlI nagarako dekhakara ziSyoMse kahA yaha merI atima kdiA hai| pIche logone vahAM stUpa bnvaayaa| (cInI bhikSu 'phAhiyAma-yAtrA', 'vaizAlI' pR0 19) nama

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*17 oNtika mAmaH- ( vaizAlI' pustikAnA bAdhAre ) nAdikAti etaM talAkaM nissAya dviNNaM culapitu mahApitu puttAna de mAmA, nAviketi ekasmi bAligAme / (dIghanikAya-sumaMgalabAsinI TIkA) Atiketi, dvila AvakAnAM gAme / ('saMyuktanikAya', buddhaghoSa. kRta. 'sAsthapakAsinI') 18. kollAga sabitresa-kolayagmAma, kollAA-vaizAlI pAsejeM, kollAga / teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM vANiyamgAme NAma Nayare hotthA, vaNNao, tassa NaM vANiyagmAmassa payarassa bahiyAH utarapuracchime disImAe. dUipalAse ceie. (sU0 3:) tassa NaM vANiyammAmassa bahiyA uttarapuracchime disIbhAe ettha NaM kollAe NAmaM sannivese hotthA (sU0 3) jeNAmeva duipalAse ceie jeNeva samaNe bhagavaM majhavAra (sU0 3) vANiyaggAme Nayare majjhaM majjheNaM. Nigacchai. 2 cA jeNeva kollAe sanivese jeNeka nAbakule jeNeva posahasAlA teNeva uvAgacchai (sUtra-12) tae NaM se bhagavaM goyame vANiyaggAme nagare jahA patnattIe tahA jAva bhikkhAyariyAe aDamANe ahApajjataM bhattapANaM saMmaM paDiggaheha 2 cA vANiyammamAoH paDiniggacchai 2 cA kollAyassa sannivesassa

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kSatriyakuMDa adurasAmaMteNaM vIIyamANe bahujaNasaddaM NisAmei, bahujaNo aSNamaNNassa evamAikkhai 4 / (sUtra 15 ) 78 jeNeva kollAe sannivese jeNeva ANaMde samaNovAsae jeNeva posahasAlA teNeva uvAgacchai ( sUtra 15 ) ( ' uvAsa gadazAMga' sUtra a0 1 ) B - kSatriyakuMDa pAsenuM kollAga / cakkapuraM 17 rAyapuraM 18, mihilA 19 rAyagihameva 20 bodhavvaM / vIrapuraM 21 bAravaI 22, koagauM 23 kollayaggAmo 24 / // ni0 3325 // govanimitta sakkatsa, Agamo vAgare deviMdo / kollAbahule chaTThassa, pAraNe payasavasuhArA // ni0 461 // ( ' A0 ni0' hAri0 ) C - rAjagRhI pAsenuM kollAga / kullA bahula pAyasa divvA // ni0 474, pR. 201 D - caMpA pAsenuM kollAga / kolAe sunnagAre | ni0 476 // pR. 201 * 19 kSatriyakuMDanAM nAmo A kuNDaggAmaM nagaraM kuNDapura nayara, kuNDaggAma nagaraM / ( ' kalpasUtra' sU. 66, 100, )

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kSatriyakuMDa kuNDapura nayara / ( 'kalpasUtra' sU0 100, 101, 115, ) aha cittasuddha pakkhassa, terasIpubvaratakAlaMmi / ityuttarAhiM jAo kuNDaggAme mahAvIro // bhA0 61 // (bhASyam) 77 hatthuttarajoeNaM, kuMDaggAmaMmi khattio jacco | vajjarisahasaMghayaNo, bhaviajaNavibohao vIro // ni0 459 // evaM abhidhunvaMto, buddho buddhAraviMdasarisamuho / logaMtigadevehiM, kuMDaggAme mahAvIro || bhA0 88 // jAva ya kuMDaggAmo, jAva ya devANa bhavaNaAvAsA / devehiM ya devIhiM ya, avirahiaM saMcaraMtehiM // bhA0 99 // ( ' Avazyakaniryukti-bhASya ' hAri0 vRtti pR0 180 thI 184 ) 9 atthi iha bharahavAse, majjhimadesassa maMDaNaM paramaM sirikuNDagAmanayara, vasumairamaNItilaya bhUyaM // ( A0 namicaMdrasUrikRta 'mahAvIracariyaM' ) B khattiyakuMDamgAma, nagara, sannivezakhattiakuMDaggAme, siddhattho nAma khattio atthi / siddhatthabhAriAe, sAhara tisalAikucchisi // 52 // ( bhA0 ) (A0 ni0 pR0 179) gamanikA -kSatriyakuNDagrAme siddhArtho nAma kSatriyo'sti, tatra siddhArthabhAryAyAH saMhara trizalAyAH kukSAviti gAthArthaH // 52 // ( bhA0 )

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uttarakhattiyakuMDasaMmivesa ("AcArAMmA zru02, cU03, bhAvanA, sUtra-399,402,402), khatiyakuMDaggAma nayara ('bhagavatIsUtra, za0) khattiyakuMDagAma nayara ('kalpasUtra', sU020,25,27,29,67) C mAhaNakuMDaggAma, nayara, saniveza dAhiNa mAhaNakuMDasanniveza (" AcArAMgasUtra' zru02,03, bhAvanA, sUtra-399, 399, 399) mAhaNakuNDamgAma nayara ('kalpasUtra' sUtra,2,14,19, 20, 22, 25, 27, 29) mAhAkuMDagAma nayara (: 'bhAvasIsUtra' za0 ) mAhaNakuMDaggAme; koDAlasaguttamAhaNo asthi / tassa ghare ukvaNNo, devANaMdAI kucchiMsi // 457 // asyA vyAkhyA-puSpottarAccyuto brAhmaNakuNDagrAme nagare koDAlasagotro brAhmaNaH RSabhadattAbhidhAno'sti, tasya gRhe utpannaH devAnandAyAH kukSAviti gAvArthaH // 457 // ('mAvazyaka-niyukti', hAri0 vRtti, pR0 178) *20 baMbhaNagAma rAyagihi taMtusAlA, mAsakkhamaNaM ca mosaalo| ni0 4.72 /

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zayikuMDa kullAgabahulapAyasa divvA gosAla daTTha pvvjaa| bAhiM suvaNNakhalae pAyasasthAlI niyai gahaNaM ||ni0474|| baMbhaNagAme naMdovanaMda uvanaMda teya paJcaddhe / / caMpA dumAsakhamaNe, vAsAvAsaM muNI khamai ||ni0 475 // ('Avazyakaniyukti', tathA jUbho nodha* 29) 221 jJAtakhaMDa vanaA AsamapayaMmi pAso, vIrajiNido banAyasaMDaMmi / avasesA nikkhatA, sahasaMbavaNami ujANe // ni0 231 // evaM sadevamaNubhAsurAe~ parisAe~ parikhuDo bhayavaM / abhithuvaMto girAhiM, saMpatto nAyasaMDavaNaM // bhA0 105 // bahiA ya NAyasaMDe, ApucchittANa nAyae savve / divase muhuttasese, kumAragAma smnnuptto|| bhA0 111 // ('Avazyaka-niyukti-bhASya', hAri0 TIkA, pR0 137,186,187) B jeNeva nAyasaMDe ujANe teNeva uvAgacchai (sU0 102) . ('AcArAMga' zru0 2, cU0 3, bhAvanAdhyayana) C kuNDapuraM nagaraM majjhaM majheNaM Nigacchai, NigacchittA jeNeva nAyakhaMDavaNe ujANe jeNeva asogavarapAyave teNeva uvAgacchada / ('kalpasUtra', sU0 11)

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kSatriya *21 bahusAla aceiya, bahusAlae ceiye (bhagavatI sUtra, za0) *22 siddhArtha rAjA A siddhatyeNa ratnA / (kalpasUtra sUtra-55, 65) B kiM bahuNA ! kapparukkhae iva malaMkiya-vibhUsie nariMde, sakoriMTamalladAmeNaM chatteNa dharijamANeNaM seyavaracAmarehiM uddhavamANehiM maMgalajayasaddakayAloe, aNega gaNanAyaga daMDanAyaga rAIsara talapara mADaviya koDuMbiya maMti mahAmati gaNaga dovAriya amaJca ceDa pIDhamahaga nagaranigama siddhi seNAvada satyavAhadUdha saMdhivAla saddhiM saMparivuDe, dhavalamahAmehanimgae ina gahagapAdipaMtarikkhatArAgaNANa majjhesasima piyadasaNe, naravaI nariMde naravasahe nassIhe abbhahiya sayateya lacchIe dippamANe majjaNagharAo paddhinikkhamai / (sUtra-62) C taMsi rAyakuLasi saahrie| siddhatharAya bhavAsi sAharati / (sUtra-88) D dhaNeNaM dhannaNa rajeNaM raTTeNaM calecAhaNeNaM koseNaM kohAbAreNaM pureNaM aMteureNaM jaNapaeNaM jasavAraNaM vahilyA / (sUtra-89) subaNyoga dhoNaM bhopa rajeNaM jAva sAijepA bIisabAreNaM aIva bhaIva abhivddddaamo| sAmancarAmANo samAyA (sUka:16) ('kalpasUtra')

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*23 Aryakula-jAti A kula AryaugAkula-bhogakhatti a, kulesu ikkhAganAyakove / harivaMse a visAle, AyaMti tahiM purissiihaa| ('Avazyaka-bhASya' gA0 50) B jAtiArya abaTThA va kalaMdA, videhA vidakAti ya // hAriyA tutuNA ceva, etA inbhajAtio // ('bRhatkalpasUtra' 301 ni0 3264) C kula Arya (uttamakula )uggA bhogA rAila khattiyA taha ya NAta koralvA / ikkhAgA priya chaThA, AriyA hoi nAyavvA / / ('vRhatkalpasUtra' 301 ni 3265) D vividha kulo- bahave uggA bhoMgA rAinA ikkhAgA NAyA koravyA khattiyA khattiyaputtA bhaDA bhaDaputtA, (bhagavatIsUtra' za0 9 u0 33 sU0 383) E mAhaNA bhaDA johA maI lecchaI anne ya bhve0|| ('uvavAisUtra')

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84 kSatriyakuMDa * 24 kSatriya rAjAo-- nAbhI 1 jiasattU 2, ajibhArI 3 saMvare 4 ia | mehe 5 ghare 6 paiTThe 7 a, mahaseNe 8 a khatie ||387 // sugI 9 daDharahe 10, viNhU 11 vasupUjje 12 a khattie / kayavammA 13 sIhaseNe 14 a, bhANU 15 visaseNe 16 ia // 388 // sUre 17 sudaMsaNe 18 kuMbhe 19, sumittu 20 vijae 21 samudda vijae 22 a rAyA a assaseNe 23, siddhatthe'viya khattie // 389 // ( 'Avazyaka niryukti' hAri0 pR0 161 ) siddhatyo NAma khattio asthi || A0 bhASya 52 // ( 'A0 ni0 ' gA0 385 - 386mAM jinamAtA nAma ) *25 kSatriya vaTa rAyakuThesu vi jAyA, visuddhavaMsesu khattibhakulesu || gA0 222 // TIkA - ete hi mahAvIraprabhRtayaH pazcatIrthakRto rAjakuleSvapi vizuddhavaMzeSu kSatriyakuleSu, rAjakulaM hi kiJcidakSiyakulamapi bhavati, yathA naMdarAjakulaM, ata uktaM kSatriyakuleSu jAtAH / ( ' Avazyaka niyukti' gA0222, A0 malayagiriyA vRtti, pR0204) kSatriya vaMza vinApi rAja kulAni syurityAha- kSatriya kuleSviti // 222 // ('A0 ni0' gA0 222, A0 mANekazekharakRta TIkA, pR0 63 )

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kSatriyakuMDa *26khattiyavara vasahA! - ('kalpasUtra' sU0 111) *27 bhagavAna zrImahAvIrasvAmI vagere nAmo A uttarakhattiyakuMDapurasaMnivesaMsi nAyANaM khattiyANaM, siddhassa khattiyassa kAsavaguttassa (sUtra0 399) samaNe bhagavaM mahAvIre kAsavagutte, tassaNaM ime tinni nAmadhijjA evamAhijjati, taM jahA-ammApiusaMti vadvamANe 1, sahasaMmaie samaNe 2, bhIma bhayabheravaM urAlaM acalayaM parIsahasaha tti kaDu devehiM se nAmaM kayaM samaNe bhagavaM mahAvIre 3, samaNassa NaM bhagavao mahAvIrassa piyA kAsavagutteNaM, tassa NaM tini nAma0, taM0 siddhattheha vA sijjasei vA jasaMsei vA, samaNassa NaM0 ammA vAsihassa gulA, tIse NaM tini nA0, taM0-tisalA i vA videhadinnAivA piyakAriNI ivA, samaNassa gaM ma0 pittiae supAse kAsavagutteNaM, samaNa0 ji? bhAyA naMdivaddhaNe kAsavagutteNaM samaNassa NaM jeTThA bhaiNI sudaMsaNA kAsavagutteNaM samaNassa NaM bhaga0 bhajA jasoyA koDinnAgutteNaM, samaNassaNaM0 dhUyA kAsavagotteNaM, tIse NaM do nAmadhijjA evamA0 aNujjAi vA piyadaMsaNAi vA, samaNassa NaM bha0 nattUI kosiyAgutteNa, tIse NaM do nAma0 taM0 sesavaI i vA jasavaI i vA, (sUtra 400) samaNassa NaM 3 ammApiyaro pAsA vaJcijjA samaNovAsagAyAvi hutthA (sU0 401) ('AcArAMgasUtra' zru0 2, cU0 3 bhAvanAdhyayana) teNaM kAleNaM 2 samaNe bha0 nAe nAyaputte nAyakulanivvatte

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videhe videhadine videhatAce videhasUmAle, tIsa vAsAI videhaMsiti kaTu / (sU0 402) ('AcArAMga' zru0 skaM0 2 cU0 bhAvanAdhyayana) B je evaM caraMti AhiyaM, nAeNaM mahayA mahesiNaM / te uTThiya te samuTThiyA, annonnaM sAraMti dhmmaao||2-2-26|| nAeNaM jagasavvadaMsiNA // 2-2-31 // arahA nAyaputte bhayavaM, vesAlie vihAhie // 2-3-22 // ('sUtrakRtAMga' a0 2, u0 2, 3) samaNe bhAvaM mahAvIre kAsagoteNaM, tassa NaM tato mAmadhejA svamAhijati taM jahA-mammApiuttie paramANe 1 sahasaMmudite samaNe 2. ayale bhavameravANaM paDimAsatapArara atiratisahe davidha citivisthisaMpane pIsahobasagAsahe. ti devehiM ke kataM mAna samaye maga mahAvIre.3 / bhagavatI mASAceDamasa bhagiNI, bhoyI ceDagAva emA, NAtA NAne je usalAmissa sabaNijagA te pAbaMsA, mittijAe suvAse, beTe bhAlA divaNe, bhamiNI muvaMsaNA, mAlikA asoyA koDibAmoseNaM, dhUyA kAsavIgoroNa, tIse do nAmAnenA, -ajobAgi tti vA pisamA viti bA, phajuI kosIyAraveNaM, tIse do nAmaghejjA (jasavatIti vA.) sesavatIti vA svaM (ka) nAmAnimAre darisita / evaM bhagavato ammApiyase. aNegAiM kouyasayAiM aNegAI pacaMkamaNAdINi utsavasayANi aNegAiM pakIlaNasayAiM pakareMtANi viharati / ( AvazyakacUrNi' pR0 145) .. .

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C samaNe magavaM mahAvIre kAsAtteNaM, tassa tamo nAmadhijjA evamAhijaMti, taM jahA-ammApiusaMtie vaddhamANe 1, sahasamuiyAe samaNe 2, ayale bhayameravANaM parisahovasamyANaM khatikhame paDimANaM pAlae dhImaM aratiratisahe davie vIriyasaMpanne devehiM se NAmaM kayaM samaNe bhagavaM mahAvIre 3, (sUtra 108) samaNassaH bhagavao mahAvIrassa piyA kAsavagutteNe, tassa NaM to nAmadhijjA evamAhijaMti, taM jahA siddhatthei vA 1, sijsei vA 2, jasaMsei vA 3 // samaNassa bhagavamo mahAvIrassa mAyA vasiTTagutteNaM, tIse tao nAmadhijjA evamAhijjati, taM jahA-tisalAi vA 1, ciMdehadinnAi vA 2, pIikAriNIi vA 3 // samaNassa magadhao mahAvIrassa pittije mupAse / jiDhe bhAyA naMdivaddhaNe / bhagiNI sudNsnnaa| bhAriyA jasoyA koDinnAgutteNaM / samaNoM bhagavao mahAvIrassa dhUA kAsavagutteNaM, tIse do nAmadhijjA evamAhijjati, taM jahA-aNojjAi vA 1, piyadasaNAi vA 2||smnnss bhagavao mahAvIrassa nattuI kAsavagutteNaM tIse NaM do nAmadhijjA evamAhijjaMti, taM jahA-sesavaii vA 1, jasavaI vA 2 / (sU0 109) . samaNe bhagavaM mahAvIre dAkhe yasapaine parisabe AlINe bhaie viNIe. nAe nAyAne bAyakutakade videhe vidediyo vivAhanAve mihasamAle tIsaM kAsAI videhaMsi hi kaTu / sU0 110 // (kalpasUtra', sUtra-108, 109, 16.) 128 vaizAlika makAna mahAvIra____A evaM se udAhu aNuttaranANI aNuttaradaMsI aNuttasnANasaNaghare, arahA nAyaputto bhagavaM vesAlie viyAhira zA

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8 kSatriyakuMDa TIkA - vizAlakulodbhavatvAd vaizAlikaH, tathA coktam " vizAlA jananI yasya, vizAlaM kulameva vA / vizAlaM pravacanaM cAsya, tena vaizAliko jinaH " // 1 // ( 'sUyagaDAMgasUtra', a0 2 u0 3 vaitAlIyaadhyayana ) B tattha NaM sAvatthIe nayarIe piMgalae NAmaM niyaMTThe vesAlimasAvae parivasai / ( 'bhagavatI sUtra' za0 u0 bhA0 1 pR0 231 piMgalaka upAsaka varNana ) C tatthaM NaM kosaMbIe nayarIe sahassANIya ranno dhUyA, sayANIyassa ranno bhagiNI, udAyassa raNNo piucchA, migAvatIe devIe naNaMdA, vesAlI sAvayANaM arahaMtANaM puvvasijjAyarI, jayaMtI nAmaM samaNobAsiyA hotthA / 'vesAlIsAvagANaM arahaMtANaM puvvasejjAyarI' tti - vaizAliko bhagavAn mahAvIrastasya vacanaM zRNvanti zrAvayanti vA tadrasikatvAditi 'vaizAlika zrAvakAsteSAM ' ArhatAnAM ' arhaddevatAnAM sAdhUnAmiti gamyaM 'pUrvazayyAtarA' prathamasthAnadAtrI, sAghavo pUrve samAyAtAstadgRhe eva prathamaM vasatiM yAcante tasyAH sthAnadAtRtvena prasiddhatvAditi sA pUrvazayyAtarA / ( ' bhagavatIsUtra' za0 12 u02 sU0 441, pR0556 )

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zanika _D taeNaM sAmI vesAlIe kesAlaMkAreNaM mallAlaMkAreNaM AmaraNAlaMkAreNaM vatthAlaMkAreNaM caunviheNaM alaMkAreNaM alaMkArie paDipuNNAlaMkAre sIhAsaNAo abbhuTheti ( 259) tae NaM se samaNe bhagavaM mahAvIre vesAlIe dakkhe paDinne paDirUve allINe bhaddaai viNIe NAte NAtaputte NAtakulaviNivaDhe videhe videhadine videhabacce videhasumAlaM sattusseho samacauraMsa saMThANasaMThite vajjarisamaNArAyasaMghayaNe aNulomavAyuvege kaMkamgahaNI kavoyapariNAme / (pR0262) evaM samaNe bhagavaM mahAvIre visAlIe piMDIbhUtatelokalacchisamudae vayaNamAlAsahassehiM abhithuvvamANe 2 (pR0 266) (R0 ke0 peDhI, ratalAma prakAzita, 'AvazyakacUrNi' ) *29 bhagavAnano vihAra kAUNa namokAra ||bhaa0 109 // vyAkhyA-egeNa devadUseNa pavvaei etaM jAhe ase karei etthaMtarA piuvayaMso dhijAio uvaDhio + tAhe sAmiNA tassa dUsassa addhaM diNaM (pR0 187) ___ bahiA ya NAyasaMDe ApucchittANaM nAyae sabve divase muhuttasese kumAragAmaM samaNupatto bhA0 111 // hAri0 TIkA-tatra ca pathadvayam-eko jalena, aparaH sthalyAM, tatra bhagavAn sthalyAM gatavAn, gacchaMzca divase muhUrtazeSe kAragrAma manuprApta iti gAthArthaH / (pR0 188) govanimittaM sakkassa, Agamo vAgarei deviNdo| kolAbahule chahassa, pAraNe payasavasuhArA ||ni0161||

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- hAri0 TIkA-bhagavato'pi kolAkasatrivese bahulo nAma prAyamaH SaSThasya tapovizeSasya pAraNake kim ? 'payasA' iti pAyo samupanItavAn 'vasudhArA' iti tadgRhe vasudhAsa partiteti maayaakssraayH|| (pR0 189) dUijjatamA piuNo bayasaM, ticyA abhinmahA paMcaH / acivattummahi navasamA 1, NicaM vosaha 2. moNeNaM 3 ||ni0412|| pANIpattaM 4 gihivaMdaNAM 5 ca tao baddhamASa-vegavaI paNadevasUlapANiMdasamma basaDiammAme ni016|| hAri0 vyAkhyA-vihasto mosakasanivezaM prAptasya bhagavataH tanivAsI duijantakAbhidhAnapASaNDastho tijaMtaka evocya pituHsiddhArthasya vayasyaH-snigdhakaH so'bhivAdya bhagavaMta vasatiM dattavAn iti vAkyazeSaH / vihRtya ca anyatra, varSAkAlagamanAya punastatraivAgatena viditakulapatyabhiprAyeNa, kim ? 'tivvA abhimAhA paMca ' ti tIvAH-raudrAH abhigrahAH paJca gRhItA iti vAkyazeSaH / . .. xx etAn, abhigrahAn gRhItvA tathA tasmAnirgatya ' vAsas TThiamgAmeti, varSAkAlaM asthiyAme sthita iti adhyAhAraH (pR0193) tAhe soM (zUlapANi) bhIo duguNaM khAmei (pR0 192) tato uppalo vaMdittA gao, tattha sAmI addhamAseNa khamati eso paDhamo vAsAratoM 1 tato sarae niggaMtUNa morAgaM nAma saNNivesa gao, tatya sAmI bAhiM ujjANe Thio / (193) roddA ya sattayaNa, thui dasasumiNuppala'ddhamAse' ya / morAe sakAra, sako acchaMdae kuvio ||ni0454|| ad

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abhiSa tappaTheyaMguli, kammAravIraghosa mahisiMdudasapaliaM 1 / biiyaM iMdasammaUraNa bayarIe dAhiNukkuruDe 2 | ni0 465 // tahaama'vacaM bhajjA kahihI nAhaM, to piuvayaMso / dAhiNa vAcAla suvaNNAlA kaMTae vatthaM // ni0 466 // hAri0 vyAkhyA- tato vaccamANassa aMtarA do bAbAlAodAhiNA uttarA ya, tAsiM doNhavi aMtarA do naIo suvaNNavAlugA rUppavAlugA ya, tAhe sAmI dakkhiNNavAcAlAo sannivesAo uttaravAcAlaM vaccai, tattha suvaNNavAluyAe nadIe pulie kaMTayAe taM vatthaM vikramI (195) uttaravAcAlaMtara, vaNasaMDe caMDakosio sappo / na he ciMtA saraNaM, joisako vA ahilAohaM ni0467135. acaravAcAlA namoNa, vIreNa bhoSaNaM diyaa| yAviyA va paesI, paMcarahe nijja-rAyANo ||ni0468|| hAri0 vyAkhyA- tato seyaviSa bhayo, tattha padesI rAyA sabamaga mahimaM karei / tato surabhipuraM vacca tatyaMtarA megA* sayAno pancahi rathehiM aiti paesiMraNo pAse, tehiM tasya sAmI baMdiyo pUmo ya, taso sabhI surabhipuraM mabho, tattha gaMgA 1 0 197 surahipura siddhajata, gaMgA kosI a viU ya khemila | mAyasudrA sIha, kaMbala saMbalA ya jiNamahimA || ni0 469 // * naimakAH gotrataH, pradeza nijA ivyapare

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kSatriya vIravarassa bhagavao, nAvArUDhassa kAsi uvasaggaM ||ni-471|| thUNAe bahiM pUso, lakkhaNamabbhaMtaraM ca deviMdo / rAyagihi taMtusAlA mAsakkhamaNaM ca gosAlo ||ni0 472 // kullAgaM bahula pAyasa divvA gosAla dadu pavvajA / bAhiM suvaNNakhalae pAyasathAlI niyaigahaNa ||ni0 171 // baMbhaNagAme nadovanaMda uvanaMda teya pnycddhe| caMpA dumAsakhamaNe vAsAvAsaM muNI khamai ||ni0105|| rAjagrahI comAsu 2 ju, caMpA cAmAsu 3 . ('mAvazyaka-niyukti' hAri0 vRtti) *30 bhagavAna mahAvIranAM comAsAM teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM samaNe bhagavaM mahAvIre aTThiyagAmaM nIsAe paDhamaM aMtarAvAsa vAsAvAsaM uvAgae, caMpaM ca piTTipaM ca nIsAe tao aMtarAvAse vAsAvAsaM uvAgae, vesAli nagari vANiagAmaM ca nIsAe duvAlasa aMtarAvAse vAsAvAsaM uvAgae, rAyagiha nagaraM nAlaMdaM ca bAhiriyaM nIsAe cauddasa aMtarAvAse vAsAvAsaM uvAgae, cha mihilAe, do bhadiyAe, egaM AlaMbhiyAe, egaM sAvatthIe, egaM paNiyabhUmIe, egaM pAvAe majjhimAe hatthipAlassa rano rajjuga-sabhAe apacchimaM aMtarAvAsaM vAsAvAsaM uvAgae / ( 'kalpasUtra' sUtra, 121)

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paTTAvalI samuccaya bhAga pahelA mATe DaoN. subrIMgano abhiprAya Muni Darshanvijayji, Roshan Maholla. Agra. Dear Muniraj, Through the Kindness of Mr. C. I. Parekh I received a copy of the Pattawali Samuchhaya Ist. part published by you and I beg to express my very best thanks for the same. It was a very good idea to collect those records by which jainism is renowned and has so largely contributed to our knowledge of Indian History. The work is admirably done and will prove to be a great help to all students of Jain Literature. I hope you will not forget me when distributing the second and following parts of your collections. Sincerely Yours, Dr. Walter Shubring Ph. D.. Professor of Indian History and Culture.

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jaina saMskRtine paricaya ApatuM jainonuM aitihAsika sAhitya paTTAvalI samuccaya bhAga pahelo: bhagavAna mahAvIranI paraMparAmAM thayelA yugapradhAnene kramavAra ItihAsa, saMskRta ane prAkRta bhASAnI prAcIna temaja avAMcIna paTTAvalIomAM saMgrahAyela che, tene mahatva bharyo maulika saMgraha: paTTAvalI samuccaya bhAga bIjo: kavi bahAduranA nAmathI khyAti pAmelA zrIdIpavijayajI mahArAje racelI saudharmagaccha paTTAvalI temaja bIjI aneka gujarAtI paTTAvalIone saMgrahaH tenA upara "purANI rUpe munirAja zrIdarzanavijayajI mahArAje aneka graMthonA dehanarUpe etihAsika rasaprada nedha ApI che. paTTAvalI samuccaya bhAga trIjo : prathama bhAganA anusaMdhAnarUpe bhagavAna mahAvIranI paraMparAmAM thayelA vividha zonI sara paTTAvAlIone saMgraha : legA thAya che. ]

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jaina paraMparAne ItihAsa : bhAga pahelo : bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI pachI jaina zAsananA staMbha samA yugavIra prabhAvaka AcAryo, zilpasthApatyabharyA tIrthasthaLe, pratApI jena rAjAo, rAjanItijJa jaina maMtrIzvara, aizvaryazAlI dAnavIre, vilAsaMpanna vidvAna ane kavione kramavAra suvistRta ItihAsa jemAM AlekhAyo che. * [taiyAra thAya che.] AnA anusaMdhAnamAM bIjA bhAgo paNa taiyAra thaI rahyA che. jaina tIrthone ItihAsa : bhAratanI cAre dizAomAM Thera Thera patharAyelAM tIrthasthaLo, jemAM girimaMdira, nagara ke gAmaDAne zobhavatAM vizALa derAsarAne prAcIna temaja avAcIna sthitine ItihAsa ApavAmAM AvyuM che. prAptisthAna jene prAcya vidyAbhavana | zrI caMdulAla lakhubhAI jena sosAyaTI parIkha baMgalA naM 45 nAgajI bhUdharanI poLamAM elIsabrIja ke amadAvAda | aMkADInI poLa : amadAvAka

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sudhAre azuddha jasthAna ArIte tevI mAnyatAo vibhAgomAM vibhAgamAM paNa pacIseka varSe varSo - bhagavatI bhagavatI 11 prastAvanAmAM temane vadhu vadhu bhArata vaizAlI, lika, caitya, ba, va kopI, cito vagere zabdonI mAtrAo, nAgA mamatI, mAra, zItayo, kayAM, kamara, nA to RvI zarata ponI ya zIM yA che temAM nA

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pAradA zudraNAlaya pAnAnAkrA, amadAvAda,