Akbar ki Dharmik Niti

Author(s): Nina Jain
Publisher: Maharani Lakshmibhai Kala evam Vanijya Mahavidyalay
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/020023/1

Page #1
/ / kobAtIrthamaMDana zrI mahAvIrasvAmine namaH / / / / anaMtalabdhinidhAna zrI gautamasvAmine namaH / / / / gaNadhara bhagavaMta zrI sudharmAsvAmine namaH / / / / yoganiSTha AcArya zrImad buddhisAgarasUrIzvarebhyo namaH / / / cAritracUDAmaNi AcArya zrImad kailAsasAgarasUrIzvarebhyo namaH / / AcArya zrI kailAsasAgarasUrijJAnamaMdira punitapreraNA va AzIrvAda rASTrasaMta zrutoddhAraka AcAryadeva zrImat padmasAgarasUrIzvarajI ma. sA. jaina mudrita graMtha skeniMga prakalpa graMthAMka :1 jaina ArAdhana zrI mahAvI kendra ko kobA. // amataM tu vidyA zrI mahAvIra jaina ArAdhanA kendra zahara zAkhA AcAryazrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAnamaMdira kobA, gAMdhInagara-zrI mahAvIra jaina ArAdhanA kendra AcAryazrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAnamaMdira kobA, gAMdhInagara-382007 (gujarAta) (079) 23276252, 23276204 pheksa : 23276249 Websiet : www.kobatirth.org Email : Kendra@kobatirth.org AcAryazrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAnamaMdira zahara zAkhA AcAryazrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAnamaMdira traNa baMgalA, Tolakanagara parivAra DAiniMga haoNla kI galI meM pAlaDI, ahamadAbAda - 380007 (079)26582355 - - - For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #2
alon For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #3
akabara kI dhArmika nIti jIvAjI vizva vidyAlaya gvAliyara, ema. e. (itihAsa) san 1977 I0 parIkSArthI laghu-prabandha prastotrIku0 nInA jaina nirdezakapro0 Ara. ena. tiganAtha prAdhyApaka evaM adhyakSa itihAsa vibhAga mahArAnI lakSmIbAI kalA evaM vANijya mahAvidyAlaya, gvAliyara mahArAnI lakSmIbAIkalA evaM vANijya mahAvidyAlaya gvAliyara (madhya pradeza) For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #4
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti pro0 vAra. sa. timanAtha, prAdhyApaka evam badhyata itihAsa vibhAga, mahArAnI lakSmI bAI kA svaM vANijya mahAvidyAlaya, gvAliyara (madhya pradeza ) ww -0 www.kobatirth.org .. dinAMka..... mArca 1677 : pramANa jIvAjI vizvavidyAlaya, gvAliyara kI esa. e. itihAsa kI parIkSA ke aSTama prazna patra ke sthAna para prabandha prastuta karane kI suvidhA kA ullekhanIya upayoga kumArI nInA jaina ne kiyA hai / laghu prabandha kA viSaya hai akabara kI dhArmika nIti - maiM pramANita karatA hUM ki mere nirdezana meM kucha nInA jaina ne yaha prabandha likhA hai aura yaha maulika, sucintata aura ucca kRti hai / - patra 131 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ( bAra. ena. tiganAtha ) For Private And Personal Use Only -01

Page #5
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra kI dhArmika nIti akabara www.kobatirth.org prastAvanA Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir akabara bhAratIya itihAsa ke mahAnatama zAsakoM meM apanA zIrNa sthAna rakhatA hai / madhyakAla meM musalima talavAroM kI yuti ke madhya sahayoga aura sahAnubhUti kI kAla liye hue yaha samrATa apanA vavditIya sthAna rakhatA hai / musalima vijetAoM kI dezIya rAjAvI bore prajA ke prati tIvra krUratA vIra hiMsA kI nIti ke vIca akabara apanI sAMsadayatA ke liye prasiddha hai / usakI yaha sohArdayatA mUla rUpa se dhArmika nIti meM prasphuTita huI hai, jisase vaha mahAnatA ke uccAsana para bAsIna ho sakA usaka bAntarita jijJAsA aura vAsa lAlasA dhArmika sahiSNutA sva navInatA kA rUpa lekara madhya yuga ke vazAMti pUrNa vAtAvaraNa meM zAMti kA sandezA lekara hamAre paka gii| isa vazAMti pUrNa baura basahiSNutA ke bIca akabara kI dhArmika sahiSNutA apanA nirAlA sthAna rakhatI hai / isI nirAlepana ne sahaja hI mere jijJAsu mana ko apanI aura AkRti kiyA / phalataH yaha laghu prabandha Apake samadA hai / yapi akabarakI dhArmika nIti yaha vizeSya apane bApa meM upAi hetu vizada adhyayana kI rekhAoM se paripUrita hai phira bhI laghu prabandha kI parisImA ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue ise maiMne saMkSipta rUpa hI pradAna - kiyA hai / prAya: madhyakAla ke agragaNya itihAsakAra va vidyArthI sabhI ke samA akabara kI dhArmika nIti apanA viziSTa sthAna liye hue dilAI detI hai aura madhyakAlIna dhArmika nIti kA adhyayana karane para akabara kI dhArmika nIti hI vizAla evam navIna rUpa liye hue dikhAI detI hai / isa kSetra meM atyAdhika vizva rUpa meM kArya ho cukA hai jisane akabara kI dhArmika nIti meM nikhAra lA diyA hai / merA yaha laghu prabandha bhI isa For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #6
jhd chii gl sNg pizA meM choTA sA bAlakIya prayAsa hai / jisameM bAbara kI vArSika nIti kA vizleSaNAtmaka varNana kiyA gayA hai / vastu isa duHsAdhya se lagane vAle kArya ko sarala banAne meM guruvA pro. bAra0 ela0 tiganAtha (badhyA itihAsa vibhAga ) ne muphe banekAza : mAra se amUlya sahayoga diyA / isa samasta kArya kI pUrti kA zreya unhIM ko hai jinhoMne na kevala muke sahAyatA hI dI bapitu samaya samaya para nerAzyA se paripUrNa hRdaya ko navIna pAzA kI kiraNoM se paripUrita kara ki hAsika jAta meM bhaTakatI huI ko navIna mArga pradAna kiyA / sAtha hI kArya: karane kI navIna vidhiyoM se mujhe bavagata karA kara sadaiva utprerita cyiA sa! saba ko vyakta karane kI na mupha meM sAmatharya hai aura mere zaboM meN| bApakA bArzIvAda mere pratyeka zuma kalA kI saphalatA ke liye preraNA strota bana gayA / zAsakIya mahAvidhAlaya, zivapurI ke itihAsa vibhAga ke prophesara: 0 vI0 bachAnA ke prati pI apanI kRtajJatA prakaTa karane meM 4 puruSa kA anubhava kara rahI hUM jinhone sva akiMcina ko sahAyatA dene meM kamI mI mukha nahI modd'aa| prAthamika vidyAlaya rAjapurA, purAnI zivapurI ke yogya adhyApAra zrI avaNalAla varmA, vhI. TI0 pI0 uccatara mAdhyamika vipAlayaDA. jI. DI. caturvedI tyA vyAkhyAtA bI esa0 sa0 zamA ke prati mI 4 atyanta kRtajJa hUM jinhoMne samaya samaya para apanA amUlya samaya dekara mujhe hArdika salyoga diyA / sake sAtha hI prastuta prabandha meM vibhinna vidvAnoM aura hatihAsakAroM ke hindI tathA baMgrejI ke yoM se bhI muphe asIma sahAyatA - prApta huI hai| batauna vidvAnoM va itihAsa kAroM kI mI meM vAmArI For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #7
akabara kI zAmaka nIti hUM aura zrI 30 ke0 salUjA, mArata TAyapiMga sUTa tathA zrI kRSNA priTiMga presa zivapurI ko bhI dhanyavAda detI hUM jinhoMne vatIvaka sAvi va mA ke sAtha kArya sampAdita kiyA / inhI zabdoM ke sAtha hI meM yaha laghu prabandha prastuta kara rahI (mArI nInA ) For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #8
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti kSamAMka. adhyAya prathama adhyAya -- - khaNDa - va khaNDa ba vditIya adhyAya tRtIya adhyAya caturtha adhyAya do anukramaNikA - - - akabara kA vyaktitva : vezabhUSA, bhojana, sAkSaratA svabhAva, dhArmika udAratA, cAritrika duItA hai, IzvarIya niSThA / - - an - www.kobatirth.org akabara ke pUrva sultAnoM kI dhArmika nIti / dhArmika nIti ko prabhAvita karane vAle tatva tatkAlIna paristhitiyAM va anya tatva / mahamUda ganajavI va muhammada gaurI, dAsa vaMza, khilajI vaMza, tugalaka vaMza kodhI vaMza | akabara ke pUrvajoM kI dhArmika nIti bAbara, humAyUM / pRSTha kramAMka - dhArmika nIti kA vikAsa ( sutabA paDhane se pUrva 1576 taka ) : prAraMbhika dhArmika - vicAra, dhArmika nIti kA kramika vikAsa, islAma ke prati dRSTi koNa / ++++++....

Page #9
akAra kI dhArmika nIti mAka adhyAya eumAka paMcama adhyAya : vibhinna ghamAcAryoM se samparka, sutabA va mahajara: hindU, pArasI, jana, IsAI, itabA, mahajara / gaSTama adhyAya : vakabara aura dIna - e - lAhI dInAlAhI kA abhyudaya, svarUpa, prArambha, vidhi - vidhAna, siddhAnta, niyama, vargIkaraNa va sadasya saMkhyA, asaphalatA, dIna-e-ilAhI ke vAre meM vibhinna mata, bAlocanA evam smiikssaa| saptama adhyAya : - - - - - - - - dhArmika nIti ke pariNAma / For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #10
khaNDa - 'a' akabara se pUrva sultAnoM kI dhArmika nIti For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #11
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti www.kobatirth.org akabara ke pUrva sultAnoM kI dhArmika nIti : (laNDa ba ) islAma va bhArata meM isakA praveza : mnnn Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir islAma kA utkarNa va prasAra vizva itihAsa meM yugAntara ghaTanA hai / paigambara mohammada ke pUrva varaba mUrti pUjakoM kA deza thA kintu 570 maiM mohammada ke janma va unake jJAna prApta karane ke bAda islAma baraba vAsiyoM ke samaya meM raMgamaMcIya nATaka kI bhAMti yakAyaka upasthita huvA aura zIghra hI bar3I tejI ke sAtha vikAsa kara gayA / jaba mohammada sAhaba ne 630 I0. maiM kuraiza kI zakti naSTa karake makkA ko vijita kara liyA taba loga islAma ke kAphI saMkhyA meM anuyAI ho gaye aura islAma ne vRhata rupa dhAraNa kara liyA / bhArata meM islAma kA Agamana bar3I tIvratA ke sAtha huvA | logoM kI dhAraNA hai ki bhArata meM islAma dharma kA pracAra vijetAboM kI zakti tathA atyAcAra ke kAraNa huA / kintu DA0 tArAcandra ne apanI pustaka inphalsa oNpha islAma jona iMDiyana kalcara meM yaha batAyA hai ki islAma kA pracAra zAMti pUrNa DhaMga se dakSiNa kI ora se huA / yahI nahIM TAmasa banArDa kA bhI yahI kahanA hai ki islAma kA dharma pracAra na to batyAcArI ke nirdaya kRtyoM kA pariNAma hai aura na musalima yauthA ke usa kAlpanika rUpa ke kAraNa huA hai jisameM vaha eka hAtha meM tarabAra aura dUsare meM kurAna liye citrita kiyA gayA hai| unake dharma pracAra kA mukhya kAraNa unake upadezakoM kA athaka parizrama tathA unake vyApAriyA~ kI kArya dakSamatA hai jinhoMne isa maNDala ke kaune kaune maiM apane dharma kI vANI sunAI, DA0 IzvarI prasAda ne bhI isI mata kA samarthana kiyA hai| 1 vAstava maiM dakSiNa bhArata maiM mAlAvAra Adi taToM para zAMti pUrNa DhaMga 1 - DA0 IzvarI prasAda meDIvala inDiyA pRSTha 12, 166 For Private And Personal Use Only -

Page #12
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti www.kobatirth.org se aura uttara bhArata meM zakti aura vavairatA ke vdArA islAma kA prasAra huA / sindha para baravo kI vijaya ne islAma ke prasAra kA rAstA khola diyA kyoMki jinhoMne islAma svIkAra kara liyA unheM jajiyA se mukta kara diyA aura jinhoMne nahIM svIkArA ve jajiyA kara ke voka se davA diye gaye / antatogatvA suvakta gIna eMva mahamUda gajanavI ke AkramaNoM va muhammada gaurI kI vijaya ne bhArata meM islAma kA rAjya sthApita kara diyA / isa prakAra islAma kA prArambha dhArmika rUpa meM huA parantu paristhitiyoM ne use rAjanaitika rUpa de diyA / (2) mahamUda gajanavI aura muhammada gaurI kI dhArmika nIti : Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir thA mahamUda gajanavI bhArata maiM dhArmika uddezyoM se pUrNa hRdaya lekara AyA islAma ne usakI asIma mahatvAkAMkSAoM ko dhArmikatA kA jAmA pahanA diyA thA / kahA jAtA hai ki klIphA ke mAnyatA patra ke badale maiM usane pratijJA kI thI ki vaha prati varSa bhArata varSa ke kAphiroM para AkramaNa karegA / usakA darabArI itihAsakAra usavI batAtA hai ki usake AkramaNoM kA uddezya jihAda thA / jisakA mUla uddezya islAma kA prasAra aura kuphra kA mUlocchadana karanA thA / vaha likhatA hai ki - sultAna mahamUda ne pahale sijistAna para AkramaNa karane kA saMkalpa kiyA parantu vAda maiM usane hinda ke viruddha jehAda karanA hI adhika acchA samajhA (tArIkha- e- yamInI ) IzvarI prasAda evam e0 ela0 zrIvAstava bAdi havihAkAra bhI yahI batAte hai ki dhArmikatA hI mahamUda ke AkramaNoM kA mUla kAraNa thI / kintu pro0 havIva batAte hai ki mahamUda dharmAnya na thA bhArata para AkramaNa usane dhArmika udezyoM ko lekara nahIM varana lUTa ke lAlaca se kiye (3) (2) dinakara - saMskRti ke cAra adhyAya / (3) pro0 havIva - mahamUda Apha gajanA pRSTha 53 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #13
akabara kI dhArmika nIti yahAM taka ki somanAtha ke maMdira ke bAre meM unhoMne likhA hai ki - brAhmaNoM kA dhana dene kA vacana aura mahamUda kI vasvIkRti kI kahAnI vAda! maiM gaDhI gaI hai kintu anya musalamAna vidvAna isakA samarthana nahIM - karate hai| vAstavikatA yaha hai ki mahamUda islAma kI dhArmika bhAvanAoM se ota prota thA jisase utsAhita hokara usane bAmaNa kiye / vAda meM bAmAM meM prApta sampatti meM use aura pI viyoM ke sambandha meM utyuka banA diyA / . pArmika dautra meM muhammada gaurI kA uddezya gAMNa thA usakA pramukha dhyeya bhArata meM apanI rAjanaitika sattA kI sthApanA karatA thA / yapi / samakAlIna itihAsakAra hasana nijAmI kI tAjula mavAsira tathA minahAja kI tavakAte nasirI se yaha patA calatA hai ki kannauja meM gorI ne atyAthika narahatyA kI aura banArasa meM aneka maMdiroM kA vidhvaMsa karAyA / kintu anya dhArmika atyAcArIyoM kI mAMti usane kalAta kI parivartana tathA dharma ke nAma para kaThora atyAcAra nahIM kiye / 4 - zrI nAjima nai sultAna mahamUda nAma kI pustaka meM pRSTha 118 para likhA! hai ki jaba mahamUda ne mUrti dekhI to bAzA dI ki isakA UparI bhAga gadA se toDa do phira cAro jora bAga lagA dI jAya, phariztA kA kthana / hai ki mUrti bokhalI thI / satya pratIta nahI hotA / alavarUnI ne likhA hai ki liMga Thosa hone kA patA thA / 5 - mohammada havIva - mahamUda gAMpha gajanA - pRSTha 53. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #14
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara 7 kI dhArmika nIti " dhArmika sahiSNu thA / dAsa vaMza ke sultAnoM kI dhArmika nIti : www.kobatirth.org vastuta: yaha kaha sakate hai ki vaha mahamUda gajanI kI apekSA adhika dAsa vaMga ke sultAna hI dillI saltanata ke prArambhika sultAna the jinhoMne niSThA pUrvaka saltanata kI jaNe majabUta karane meM yogadAna diyA hana sultAnoM meM evaka altamaza bAra balabata hI pramukha the / inakA zAsana pUrNataH islAmI niyamoM para hI AdhArita thA / dillI saltanata ke prathama zAsaka evaka kI islAma meM atyAdhika niSThA thI / yahAM taka ki usane aneka hindU maMdiroM ko tor3A aura masjidoM kA nirmANa karAyA / usameM dhArmika sahiSNutA kA abhAva thA islAma maiM usakA pUrA vizvAsa thA / altamaza kA jahAM taka prazna hai vaha evaka se bhI dhArmika kaTaTaravA maiM Age thA / hasana nijAmI batAtA hai ki jAlora meM pahucane para maMdiroM kA jo ki sira uThAye the nAma bhI na rahA aura kuphra ke andhere se islAma kA prakAza camaka uThA / 6 minahAja bhI likhatA hai ki mAlavA para caDhAI kI ora pelasA ke kile para adhikAra kara liyA vahAM eka maMdira jo tIna so varNoM meM taiyAra huA thA jo 103 gaja UMcA thA vidhvaMsa kara diyA gayA / 7 isa prakAra dhArmika dRSTi se uttutamiza islAma kA kaTaTara banuyAyI yA yapi Adhunika musalima itihAsakAro ne usakI udAratA kI prazaMsA kI hai / parantu dhArmika udAratA kAkahI vivaraNa nahIM diyA / vAstavikatA bhI yahI hai ki usane dhArmika uddAratA kI nIti kA anusaraNa nahIM kiyA / usane sadeva ulmA varga kA samarthana kiyA jo ki sunnI dharma kA anuyAyI thA / vaha kaTTara dhArmika musalamAna thA jo pratidina niyama pUrvaka pAMca vAra namAja paDhatA evam anya dhArmika kRtya kiyA karatA thA / rijavI - Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir Adi turka kAlIna bhArata pR0 275 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #15
maLamara kI dhArmika nIti minahAja likhatA hai ki isa prakAra kA kaniSTha vIra sAdhu phakIrI Izvara bhaktoM tathA dharma guruoM aura mAgAyoM ke prati itanA payAla kyA! adAlU rAjA isa pRSTi meM kamI utpanna nahIM huvA / " 1228 meM bavAsI khalIphA se pramANa patra lekara usane eka navIna vadhyAya jor3A vIra purI / saltanata ko dhArmika mAnyatA pI prApta kara dii| kavana kI dhArmikatA usake dhArmika svarupa kI utkRSTatA ko prakaTa karatI hai / eka aura jahAM vaha ulemA varga para kaThora niyaMtraNa rakhatA thA vahI para sAdhu, phakIra eMva vAlimA ke prati vaha atyAdhika udAra thA / minahAja to usakI udAratA ko uccatama vindu taka pahuMcA detA hai vaha likhatA hai ki yadi nagara meM koI zekha saiyada santa kyavA bAlima kA ! svargavAsa ho jAtA to sultAna usake janAje ke sAtha upasthita rahatA / " isa prakAra islAma meM usakI aTUTa vAsthA thI kintu hinduoM se vaha ghRNA karatA thA / vaha kahA karatA thA ki brAhmaNa jo ki kuphra ke mAma hai, ko dekhate hI naSTa kara denA cAhie / klavana thandhi thA vaoNra apanI vasusaMsthA mAtA ke sAtha usakA vyavahAra sahiSNutA pUrNa rahA / turkI / kI zreSThatA meM usakA vizvAsa thA / vastuta: pArmika vasahiSNutA ke pAtra meM vaha apane parvavartI zAsakoM se bhI bAga thaa| khilajI vaMza ke sultAnoM kI pArmika nIti : lijI vaMza ke sultAno kI dhArmika nIti bhI bamANika hatyAe~ va nRzasaMtA se paripUrNa pI / khilajIyoM meM vAsavaMza kI kaTaTara islAmika dhArmikatA ubhara kara sAmane vA gaI hai / isa vaMza ke zAsakoM ne mukhya rUpa se kAludIna phIroza khilajI evama alAudIna pramukha hai| sultAna kArudIna khilajI islAma kA parama bhakta thA yaha kahA - karatA thA"maiM apanI nIti ke vigaya meM kevala una logoM kA hI banukaraNa karatA hUM jo paigamvaroM kI bAjAoM kA pAlana karanA apanA parama For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #16
makabara kI dhArmika nIti kartavya samajhate hai / " "meM pratidina eka chipArA kurAna paDhatA huuN| pAMnA samaya kI namAja pddh'taa|" usake sampUrNa jIvana meM pArmika anurakti spara pratikSita hotI hai vaha musalima prajA ko batyAvadhika prema karatA thA / kyoki raNa thAra vijya ke sambandha meM vaha kahatA hai ki isa prakAra ke dasa kiloM ko musalamAnoM ke savAla ko hAni pahuMcA kara baina ke padA meM nahIM / " kintu sIdI mAlA kI hatyA se usakI puratA pradarzita hotI hai / mucha musalima itihAsa kAra paranI, hasAmI bAdi isa kRtya ke liye sUltAna kI bAlocanA karate hai parantu vAstava meM usakA dasDa japarAya ke yogya thA kyoki vattI svayam khitA hai ki" viraMjatana kotavAla aura hadhiyA pAyaka rAta rAta para sIpI ke pAsa baiTha kara SaDayaMtra racA karate the / 10 isase spaSTa hai ki kAlIna usake daNDa ke liye doSI nahI mAnA jA sakatA hai| bata: kAdhIna kI dhArmikatA meM koI jAMca nahIM pAtI hai| vAstava meM to islAma meM usakI agAr3ha bArathA thii| hinduoM ke prati vyavahAra meM kAladIna kI nIti bhI bane pUrva / zAsako kI apavAda siddha nahIM huI / yapi sultAna sahadaya eMva dayAla thA kintu hinduoM kI mUrti pUjA bAdi kA to vaha kaTaTara viroSI pA / baranI likhatA hai ki akAlI rAjyakAra meM badhAmayA~ vmjaavaa| hinduoM tathA nAstikoM ko kisI sthAna meM praveza karane kI bAzA nahIM bhI / 11 lAluddIna ko para vAta vA kA dukha: thA ki vaha hinduoM 8. rijavI khinI kAlIna bhArata pRSTha 12 11 * " " " + + + + + + + + For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #17
aLakara kI dhArmika nIti kI mUrti pUjA kA anta na kara sakA tathA unheM dAne dAne ko mohatAja nahIM kara skaa| kAuddIna khilajI kama ke kSetra meM apane pUrva pAlika sultAnoM kI paMkti meM navIna sthAna grahaNa karatA hai / yaha to spaSTa hai ki vaha islAma kA bhakta thA kintu ulemAvA~ bAdi ke hastAtopa ko vaha rAjanIti meM sahana nahIM kara sakatA thaa| yahI nahIM rAjanaitika kAryoM ke bAge pArmika pA ko prAthamikatA bhI vaha nahIM detA thaa| jaisA ki baranI batAtA ! " maiM nahIM samajhatA ki yaha bAjAra zarA ke anusAra hai yA zarA ke vihada hai / maiM jo kucha rAjya ke liye ucita samajhatA hUM unahI kI vAjJA detA hUM / 12 isI taraha aneka sthAnoM para vaha rAjanaitika kAryoM ko prAthamikatA detA hai yahI kAraNa hai ki tatkAlIna kaTaTara letA baratI ne sultAna ko aMzata: kI vihIna mI pradarzita karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| jaise nA likhatA hai"zarAoM kI bAzA pAlana karane para vaha koI dhyAna nahI detA thA / namAja roje kA na to use jJAna hI thA aura na jAnakArI hii| 13 sAtha hI vaha yaha bhI batAtA hai ki alAudIna sA navIna dharma kI sthApanA karanA cAhatA thA / parantu nijAmI sakA tA saMgata khaNDana karate hai tathA apane pA kI paripuSTi ke liye aneka mata dete hai / 14 antatA: yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki kAudIna meM islAma ke prati niSThA to thI bhintu vaha rAjanIti kAryoM meM use vApaka nahIM hone denA cAhatA thaa| 12 - baranI - tArIkha * 2 * phIroja zAhI iSTha 296 13 - rijavI * khilajI kAlIna bhArata pRSTha 63 14 - nijAmI - dIpopIsiva hisTrI mAMpha inDiyA - dI dehalI saltanata - bhAga 5 pRSTha 336 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #18
akabara kI dhArmika nIti hinduoM ko alAuddIna phUTI AMkhoM bhI samRddha nahIM dekhanA cAhatA thA / usane apane zAsana meM hinduoM ko atyAdhika pIna hIna banA diyA thA / kAjI mugIsa vvArA diye gaye uttara ko baranI ne likhA hai ki" hindu mustaphA ke duzmanoM meM saba se bar3e duzmana hai mustaphA balle ihassalAma ne hinduoM ke viSaya meM yaha bAzA dI hai ki unakI htyaa| kara dI jAya unakI dhana sampatti lUTa lI jAya yA una bandI banA khyiA ! jAya yA to unase islAma svIkAra karA liyA jAya banyathA hatyA karapI! jAya / 15 isa samakAlIna itihAsakAra ke varNana se hinduoM kI dIna / sthiti kA spaSTa citra samapA bA jAtA hai kintu nijAmI isakI bAlI-1 canA karate hue batAte hai ki paigambara ne kabhI hindU ko nahIM dekhA / aura na hI vAda ke cha: punnI zAstroM meM isakA varNana hai|"16 kucha bhI ho yaha to nizcita hai ki balAuddIna hinduoM ko nimnatama sthiti taka le pAnA cAhatA thA pharata: hinduoM ko jIvana yApana atyadhika kaThina ho gayA / isa liye baranI likhatA hai ki "TenduoM ko lajjita patita aura daridra banA diyA hai / maiMne sunA hai ki hinduoM kI striyAM tathA vAlaka musalamAnoM ke vdAra para bhIkha mAMgA karatI hai / 17 isa prakAra alAudIna kaTaTara mAnya siddha hubA jisane islAma kI rakSA ke liye kAphirI kA saphAyA kara diyA / tugalaka vaMza ke multAnoM kI pArmika nIti : - - - -- - - - tugalaka zAsakoM meM bArmika nIti ke vibhinna pala hama dekhane kI milate hai / jahAM eka aura prArambhika kAla meM mohammada dharma ko koI prApanikatA nahIM vahI phIroja prArambha se hI kaTaTara sandhi pA / sa prAra 15 - rijavI - khilajI kAlIna bhArata - pRSTha 70 16 * nijAmI - dI kompIsiva hisTrI jAMpha inDiyA - dI yellI 17 * rijavI khilajI kAlIna bhArata 071, saltanata bhAga 5 pR0 317 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #19
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra kI dhArmika nIti akabara tugalaka kAla meM dhArmika nIti ke navIna padA mI hamAre samakSa jAte haiM / Dugalaka vaMza kA prathama zAsaka gayAsudIna tugalaka apane nijI jIvana maiM kaTaTara sunnI musalamAna thA / khusaro kI hatyA karane ke bAda vaha eka zreSTha islAmI zAsaka ke rUpa meM padAsIna huvA | ataH usako dharmAnya honA svabhAvika sA hI thA / yahI kAraNa hai ki islAmI niyamoM ke virUddha vyavahAra karane para vaha zekha nijAmuddIna boliyA se bhI atyanta nArAja thA / - .. hinduoM ke prati gayAsudIna kA vyavahAra prazaMsanIya nahIM thA / alAuddIna ke aneka niyamoM ko usane jArI rakhA aura hindu ko sampi ekatrita karane kI azA nahIM dI gayI / jahAM taka adhika kara na lagAne kA prazna hai isake sambandha meM baranI spaSTa likhatA hai ki sultAna nai hinduoM para adhika kara isa liye nahIM lagAyA ki vaha nirAza hokara apanI bhUmi tathA vyavasAya chor3akara bhAgane para vAdhya nahIM karanA cAhatA thA / isa prakAra gyAsudIna kA bhI hinduoM ke prati vyavahAra ucita nahIM thA / For Private And Personal Use Only mohammada tugalaka ke jAte hI dhArmika kSetra meM hama navIna moDa dekhate hai / apane prArambhika kAla meM usane varma nirapekSatA kA paricaya diyA, aura prazAsana Adi meM ulaimA para niyaMtraNa rakhA / azarapha to yahAM taka likhate hai ki bhAratIya musalamAnoM kI yojanAvaddha rUpa se manAhI kara dI gaI thI aura sultAna videzI logoM para vizvAsa karane lagA / yahI nahIM varanI ko isa vAta kA bar3A dukha thA ki sultAna ulemA Adi kI hatyA karane meM kisI prakAra kI hicakicAhaTa, pradarzita nahIM karatA thA / yahI kAraNa hai ki usane mauhammada tugalaka va ko eka vicitra zAsaka ke rUpa maiM pradarzita kiyA hai / usane hinduoM ko bhI ucca pada denA prArambha kara diyA thA / DA0 mehadI husaina ne apanI pustaka rAja enDa phala bapha dI muhammada bina tugalaka meM ratana nAmaka hindU kA vivaraNa diyA hai jo

Page #20
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara 18 kI dhArmika nIti - sintha kA suvedAra thA kintu IzvarI prasAda yaha batAte hai ki vaha suvedAra na hokara rAjasva adhikArI thA / isase yaha spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki usakA apanI vahusaMkhyaka prajA se dharma ke kAraNa asahiSNutA pUrNa vyavahAra nahIM thA / 16 - .. islAma ke prati mohammada kI pUrNa niSThA thI havnavattA usakI namAja kI dila khola kara prazaMsA karatA hai| varanI ne bhI usakI dAnazIlatA tathA namAja ke prati rUci kA spaSTa vivaraNa diyA hai kintu musalima ko kaTu daNDa ke samaya vaha Akrozita ho jAtA hai aura sultAna kI burAI karane maiM kisI prakAra pIche nahIM haTatA / vaha bar3e sundara zabdoM meM likhatA hai - ki eka aura maiM usakI dharmaM niSThatA aura namratA apanI AMkhoM se dekhatA thA to dUsarI ora koI dina aisA vyatIta nahIM hotA thA java ki sunnI musalamAnoM ke zIbA khIre kakar3I kI bhAMti na kATa DAle jAte ho / aisA koI saptAha vyatIta nahIM hotA thA jaba ki aneka musalamAnoM kI hatyA na karAI jAtI ho / vIra usake mahala ke vdAra ke bAge rakta kI nadI na vahatI ho / 18 isa prakAra usane musalima janatA ko bhI kaThora daNDa diye kintu ina daNDoM ke phala svarUpa musalima prajA usase nArAja ho gayI aura vidroha karane lagI / jisase prabhAvita hokara usane kTIphA se AjJA patra prApta karane ke liye vahI sevA kI / varanI likhatA hai ki dehalI maiM kubvai sajAye gaye sultAna amIrula mominIna kI livA tathA manazUra apane sira para rakha kara zahara ke vdAra se mahala ke vdAra ke bhItara taka gayA aura atyAdhika Adara sammAna kiyA / .. www.kobatirth.org rijavI - tugalaka kAlIna bhArata " 19 "" 16 bhAga 1 pRSTha 36 19 - pRSTha 60 10 -

Page #21
makara kI dhArmika nIti isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki sultAna mohammada hameM dharma kSetra meM vibhinna rUpo ko prardazita karatA hai / vAstava meM vaha dillI sultAnoM kI pakti meM ska navIna rupa kA avalokana karatA hai| phIroja tugalaka thAmika dRSTi se ska zreSTha musalamAna ke rUpa meM hamAre samA jAtA hai / islAma ke pracAra aura prasAra ko vaha apanA dhArmika kartavya samakatA thA / vaha apane grantha phatahAte phIrojazAhI meM likhatA hai ki maiMne apanI kAphira prajA ko pAbara kA dharma aMgIkAra karane! ke liye protsAhita kiyA aura ghoSaNA kI ki pratyeka vyakti ko jo / apanA dharma chor3akara musalamAna ho jAegA, jajiyA se mukta ho jaaegaa| use isa vAta kA bar3A kheda thA ki vAlaNa jo ki ke mAma hai - jajiyA se vaMcita hai phalata: usane brAhmaNoM para bhI jajiyA lagA diyA / umA ke prati bhI vaha apanI pUrNa zraddhA tyA bhakti rakhatA thA vaha jAnatA thA ki mohammada kI mRtyu ke bAda unhI ne use zAsaka niyukta kiyA thA tyA sultAna mohammada kI basaphalatA kA kAraNa mI uThemA se saMgharga thA / ina sava kAroM se phIroja atyAdhika sajaga thA sAtha hI usakI Atma pravRti bhI dhArmikatA kI aura adhika phakI huI thI / isa liye usakI islAma meM pUrNa niSThA thii| hinduoM ke prati phIroja kI nIti kaTaTara mAndha musalamAna kI thI vaha hinduoM ke pArmika rIti rivAjoM ko pUrNata: naSTa kara dene ke padA meM thaa| usane nagara koTa, bAgara para bAmaNa ke samaya vahAM ke prasiddha maMdira ko bhUmi sAta kara diyA / aneko mUrtiyoM ko tuDavA kara phikavA diyA / baphIpha kI tArIkha aura phIroja kI vAtma kyA hinduoM para kiye gaye atyAcAroM kA spaSTAMkana karatI hai / apanI pustaka phalAta meM phIroja likhatA hai ki mujhe yaha sUcanA milI ki kucha hinduoM ne sAlihapura gAMva meM eka nayA maMdira banavA khyiA aura mUrti For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #22
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti www.kobatirth.org pUjA kiyA karate haiM to maiMne kucha vyaktiyoM ko maMdira ke vinAza ke liye bheja diyA / 20 isa prakAra ke aneka udAharaNa usakI nRsaMsatA kA paricaya dete hai / vastuta: antata: yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki phIroja islAma ke atirikta kisI bhI dharma ko jAgRta avasthA meM nahI dekhanA cAhatA thA yahI kAraNa hai ki islAmI niSThA ke liye hindurbI para aneka atyAcA kiye / lodhI sultAnoM kI dhArmika nIti : Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir lodhI zAsakoM ne mI dhArmika kSetra meM apane pUrva zAsakoM kA anukaraNa kiyA unhoMne ulemAoM ko pUrvavata ucca padoM para hI pratiSThita kiyA / lekina unhoMne phIroja tugalaka bAdi kI taraha ulemAoM ko hI rAjya kA mahatva pUrNa varga nahI mAnA apitu vaha ulemAoM para mI niyaMtraNa rakhate the / 20 21 - Dorna rijavI - tugalaka kAlIna bhArata 12 bahalola locI avazya baphagAna banIroM ke sAtha hI ulemAoM ko bhI atyaadhika mahatva detA thA / kintu sikandara ne isa mahatva ko kama kara diyA aura yahI sthiti ibrAhIma ke samaya bhI rhii| kucha logoM kA kahanA hai ki vahalola ne sada vAIna nAmaka santa kI sevA kI thI bora use amISTa ghana ( 2000 rupaye ) diyA thA jisake vadale meM santa ne prasanna hokara ye zabda kahe - Izvara kare dillI sAmrAjya kI rAjagAdI ko vApa suzobhita kareM / 21 kucha bhI ho yaha to nizcita hai ki vallola daraveza santa eMva ulemAoM kA atyAdhika vAdara karatA thA lekina sikandara ke Ate hI uThemA kI isa sthiti para niyaMtraNa laga gayA / yamapi yaha nizcita hai ki sikandara bar3A dhArmika vyakti thA vIra rAjya prabandha meM For Private And Personal Use Only bhAga 2 pRSTha 333 makhajana aphagAnI pRSTha 43 tArIkhe dAUdI meM 2000 TaMka ke sthAna para 1300 TaMka likhe hai /

Page #23
akabara kI dhArmiLa nIti ulemA ke parAmarzako bhI vaha mAnatA thA / kintu rAjya para ulemA ke prabhAva ko vaha svIkAra nahIM karatA thaa| phIroja kI mAMti muslima vithavAvAM kI char3akiyoM kI zAdI ke liye vaha daheja kA pravandha kiyA karatA thA / apane kI ke liye usameM itanA utsAha thA ki mathurA ke maMdira tuGavAne aura unake sthAna para sarAya tathA masjida banavAne kI usane bAzA de dI thI / hinduoM ko yamunA ke pArTI para sAna karane kI bAzA nahIM. thI / vAstava meM isane hindU kI ko kucchana bAra slAma kA utthAna karane ke liye hara saMbhava prayatna kyiA usakI bAdhInatA meM dillI saltanata islAma ke pracAra kA utanA hI sakriya sAthana vana gaI jitanA ki phIroja tugalaka ke samaya meM thI / sa liye hama kaha sakate hai ki usakI dhArmika nIti kaTaTara islAmI thI / DrAhIma kI mI islAma meM pUrNa niSThA thii| kintu usane sikandara kI pAti hinduoM ke prati ghRNAtmaka vyavahAra nahIM kiyA / vAstavikatA to yaha pI kivAntarika vidroha bAra vAla AmA~ ke kAraNa vaha isa bAra apanA dhyAna hI nahIM de sakA / isa prakAra hama kaha sakate hai ki akabara ke pUrva dillI sultAnoM kI dhArmika nIti slAma dharma pradhAna thI / prAya: pratyeka sultAna ne islAma ke saMvardhana vora vikAsa ke hara sambhava prayAsa kiye vIra hinduoM para kaneka prakAra ke atyAcAra kiye / isa kAla meM zAsana meM ulemA varga bar3A hI prabhAva zAlI thA / kucha zAsakoM ke samaya to ulemA hI rAjya ke pradhAna bana gaye jinhone sampUrNa rAjya para apanA prabhAva sthApita kara liyA / adhikAMzata: pratyeka zAsaka kI nIti islAma ko dhyAna meM rakha kara hI nirdhArita hotI thI aura isa khyei yadi isa kAla ko kI rAjya kahA jAya to koI atyukti nahIM / -0 - - For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #24
khaNDa - 'ba' akabara ke pUrvajoM kI dhArmika nIti

Page #25
ldd2 G.E.O. sNs' ri akabara ke pUrvajoM kI dhArmika nIti (khaNDa) akabara kA janma madhya eziyA ke jarja bAdazAha amIra taralaMga kI sAtavIM pIr3hI meM huvA thA / pitR pA meM vaha taimUra se sambandhita thaa| usake pitAmaha bAbara kI mAtA terahavI sadI ke prasiddha madhya eziyA ke bAMtaka vAdI maMgola caMgeja khAM ke vitIya putra cagatAI se utpanna maMgola ke khAna yUnusa khAM kI putrI thI / akabara ke pitA humAyU ne rAna ke nivAsI alI akabara jAmI kI putrI hamIdA vAnU se vivAha kiyA thA aura isI ! hamIdA bAnU begama se akabara kA janma huvA thA / isa taraha akabara ke pUrvaja madhya eziyA va IrAna ne sambandhita the / yapapi caMgeja khAM va taimUra laMga meM dhArmika kaTaTaratA kA abhAva thA / ve samayAnukUla dhArmika kRtya karate the, lekina yahAM hama unakI dhArmika nIti kA vivecana na kara ke akabara ke pitAmaha bAbara aura pitA humAMyU kI dhArmika nIti kA hI varNana karege bAbara kI pArmika nIti : yayapi bAbara eka kaTaTara sunnI musalamAna thA lekina isakA yaha tAtparya nahI ki usameM dhArmika kaTaTaratA thI / sunnI mata ke prati usakI vA baura vizvAsa ne use dUsare matapaya ke lorgA se mitratA karane se nahIM rokA / vaha niyama pUrvaka roje rakhatA thA, namAja par3hatA thA tathA vanya dhArmika rIti rivAjoM kA pAlana karatA thA / vaha zarAba kA zaukIna avazya thA lekina apane beTe humAMya kI taraha vaha naze kA gulAma nahIM thaa| Izvara ke prati usakA itanA baTUTa vizvAsa thA ki use Izvara putra" ThIka hI kahA gayA hai / vaha kahA karatA thA"zvara kI icchA ke binA kucha pI nahI ho sakatA, usakI zaraNa meM raha kara hama vAge bar3hanA caahiye| 1. e. la. zrIvAstava - mugala kAlIna bhArata pRSTha 43 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #26
akabara kI dhArmiLa nIti jaba jaba use vijaya zrI prApta hotI thI vaha bhagavAna ko anekAneka dhanyavAda detA thA aura mAnatA thA ki yaha usakI anukampA kA pariNAma hai| pAnIpata ke yuddha ke bAda bhI usane isI prakAra ke vikAra vyakta kiye the / " eka mAle kI lambAI ke barAbara jaba sUrya UMcA bA gayA to yuddha zuru hunA aura dopahara taka calatA rahA / taba zatru kikula hAra gayA aura bhagadar3a maca gaI / mere loga vijayI hue aura ullAsa se mara gaye / bhagavAna kI payA bAra kRpA se yaha kaThina kArya mere liye bAsAna ho gayA aura vaha zakti zAlI senA bAthai dina ke pItara miTaTI meM mila gayI / "2 sunnI mata kA anuyAyI hote hue mI bAbara ne samarakanda meM ziyAmata ko protsAhana diyA thaa| jahAM taka bAbara kA hindu varga ke prati vyavahAra kA sambandha hai vaha apane yuga kI paristhitiyoM se Upara na uTha sakA / rANA sAMgA 1 ke viruddha usane jihAda Aramma kiyA thA aura apane bAdamiyoM ko yaha kaha / kara usake viruddha laDane ke liye maDakAyA ki vaha kAphira hai aura usake . viruddha yuddha karanA unakA dhArmika kartavya hai / basa saba se bacza yahI hai ki apane liye ye do vAte ThIka kara lenI cAhiye ki yadi zatru ko parAsta / kiyA to gAjI 3 hue bora mAre gaye to zahIda 4 hue / donoM prakAra se apanI mukti hai bAra padavI bar3I aura bar3ha kara hai| vijaya prApti ke vAda bAbara ne gAjI kA khitAba 5 prApta kiyA thA / canderI ke medinIrAya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ---------- 2 - esa0 nAra0 zA - anuvAdaka mathurAlAla zarmA bhArata meM mugala sAmrAjya pR. 23 * gAjI unnai kahate hai jo dUsare matavAloM ko mArate hai| 4 - zahIda vaha hai jo dharma ke liye mAre jAte hai| 5 - isa vijya para bAbara ne palle paruLa yaha padavI dhAraNa kI kyoki isa bAra zaca musalamAna nahIM the| For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #27
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara 6 - kI dhArmika nIti 19 - ke virUddha bhI usane aisA hI dharmaM yuddha lar3A thA aura canderI se uttara pazcima kI bora eka pahAr3I sire para kAphiroM ke siroM kA mInArA banavAyA / bAbara kisa nirdayatA ke sAtha luTeroM kA damana kiyA karatA thA isakA ahamada yAdagAra ne varNana kiyA hai / jaba vaha sarahinda pahuMcA to mAnA ke kAjiyoM meM se eka ne yaha zikAyata kI ki mohana sundAhara ne usakI sampatti para AkramaNa kiyA hai, usako jalA diyA hai aura usake lar3ake ko mAra DAlA hai| isa para vizva vijetA bAdazAha ne alI kulI hamadAnI ko tIna hajAra ghur3a savAroM ke sAtha badalA lene ke liye niyukta kiyA aura Adeza diyA ki mundAhira ne prArthI ke sAtha jo durvyavahAra kiyA hai aura usako jo hAni pahuMcAI hai usakA pUrA pUrA badalA liyA jAya / mundAhira ke lagabhaga eka hajAra AdamI mAre gaye aura eka hajAra AdamI aurate aura bacce baMdI banA liye gaye / bahuta hatyAeM kI gaI / kaTe huai siroM kA Dhera laga gayA bora mohana mundAhira ko jItA pakar3a liyA gayA / 6 cAhe bAbara meM aneka gupNa the lekina thA to vaha eka musalamAna bAdazAha / yahI kAraNa hai ki banderI meM rAjapUtoM ke Atma balidAna ke viSaya meM usane kahA thA ki ve saba narka meM pahuMca gaye pazcAtApa karane ke bAda jaba usane tamagA nAmaka kara uThAyA to usase kevala musalamAna hI mukta kiye gaye the hindU nahIM / vayodhyA maiM usane apanI masjida aise sthAna para nirmANa karAyI thI jise zrI rAma candra jI kA janma sthAna mAna, lAkha hindU pUjate the / 7 bAbara kI isa nIti ke kAraNa bhopAla ke hastalikhita www.kobatirth.org e.. zrIvAstava esa. bAra zarmA - hindI anuvAdaka - mathurAlAla zarmA bhArata meM mugala sAmrAjya pRSTha 42-43 mugala kAlIna bhArata pRSTha 44 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir - For Private And Personal Use Only 16

Page #28
akabara kI dhArmika nIti patra 8 kI jo bAbara kA mAnA jAtA hai aura jisa maiM sadoSata: usakI udAra nIti kA ullekha hai, svIkAra karanA kaThina hai| lekina isakA yaha artha nahI hai ki bAbara kI udAratA ke viSaya meM jo ullekha milatA hai usakA yahAM virodha kiyA jA rahA hai / phariztA ne likhatA hai ki bAbara kI upasthiti se hI daulata khAM ke kuTumva kI hajjata vacI thI / 6 17 - 8 isa patra meM likhA hai ki hai mere putra / bhArata varSa meM vibhinna dharmoM ke loga nivAsa karate hai / bhagavAna ko dhanyavAda do ki zahazAMha ne isa deza kA zAsana tumhAre supurda kiyA hai / isa liye tumhArA kartavya hai ki 1 - dhArmika padApAta kA tumhAre Upara koI prabhAva nahI honA cAhiye aura niSpakSa hokara tumako nyAya karanA cAhiye / janatA ke vibhinna va kI dhArmika bhAvanAoM kA dhyAna rakhanA cAhiye / 2 vizeSa kara tumako go-vatha se dUra rahanA cAhiye / aisA karoge to logoM ke diloM maiM tumheM jagaha milegI / hasa deza ke loga tumhAre kRtajJa hoge aura tumhAre sAtha unakA kRtajJatA kA dRDha bandhana ho jAyegA / 3 tuma kisI jAti ke prArthanA bhavana ko mata girAnA aura sadaiva nyAya priya rahanA, jisase bAdazAha aura prajA kA paraspara samvandha acchA banA rahe aura jisase deza meM zAMti vIra santoSa rahe / 4- islAma kA pracAra damana zAstra kI apekSA sneha zAstra se aura ehasAna se adhika hogA / For Private And Personal Use Only 5 ziyA aura sunnI ke pArasparika jhagar3oM kI ora dhyAna mata denA, anyathA isase islAma nirbala hogA / 6 apanI prajA kI vizeSatAoM ko aisA mAnanA jaise varNaM kI vibhinna RtuoM ko aisA karane se zAsana ko koI roga nahIM lagegA / EUR esa. Ara. zarmA hindI anuvAdaka mathurA lAla zarmA bhArata maiM mugala sAmrAjya pRSTha 41

Page #29
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti ------ 10 www.kobatirth.org isI taraha ekina ne bAbara kI prazaMsA karate hue likhA hai ki " bAbara ke maiM saba prazaMsanIya bAta yaha hai ki usake vyavahAra meM hamezA kRpAlutA, aura mAnavatA banI rahatI thI yadi usakI jIvanI meM kahIM nirdaya hatyAba kA varNana AtA hai to vaha usa yuga kI vizeSatA hai, usake svabhAva kI nahI 10 anya kaTaTara paMthI sunI matAviyoM kI taraha usane islAma dharma ke kAphiroM ko satAne kA apanA kartavya nahIM banA liyA thA / hindU varga ke prati bAbara kA vyavahAra saltanata- yuga ke anya zAsakoM ke vyavahAra kI bhAMti burA nahIM thA / humAyUM kI dhArmika nIti : - bAbara kI taraha humAyUM bhI niSThAvAna musalamAna thaa| pAMcoM vakta kI namAja vaha niyamita rUpa se bar3hatA thA / aura isake sAtha sAtha anya dhArmika rIti-rivAjoM kA bhI pAlana karatA thA apane pitA kI pAMti vaha mI sAmpradAyika kaTaTaratA se dUra thA / sunnI hote hue mI ziyA matAvalambiyoM ke prati usake hRdaya meM dveSa bhAva nahIM thA / isakA eka kAraNa to yaha ho sakatA hai ki bAbara se virAsata meM milI huI udAra bhAvanA vIra dUsarA usakI paTarAnI hamIdA bAnU begama ziyA thI aura vizvAsa pAtra sevaka berAma khAM mI ziyA hI thA / jaba vaha phArasa meM thA to rAjanaitika lAbha ke liye ziyAmata ke rIti rivAjoM ko bhI mAnatA rahA / yapi usane paristhitivaza hI ziyAmata grahaNa kiyA thA kyoMki phArasa kA kaTaTara ziyAmatAvalambI zAhatahamaspa humAyUM ko ziyAmata meM dIkSita karane ke liye utsuka thA aura yadi humAyUM isake liye taiyAra nahIM hotA to use vaha prayoga vdArA aisA karane ke liye bAdhya kiye jAne kI chipI huI dhamakI dI gaI thI / esa. Ara. zarmA - hindI anuvAdaka maiM bhArata Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir mathurAlAla zarmA mugala sAmrAjya pRSTha 36 13 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #30
akabara kI thAmaka nIti __vaha namAja vIra vaz2a yathA samaya karatA thA aura vajU karane se pahale kabhI bhI khudA kA nAma apane muMha se uccAraNa nahIM karatA thA / 11 eka bAra usane apane pradhAna nyAyAdhIza yA sadara mIra ala haya ko kara babbula ke nAma se pukArA / parantu jaba usane vaju kara lI to usase rAmA cAhI aura kahA ki usake nAma meM haya zabda judA kA potA hai / isa liye vaha vana karane se pahale isa zabda kA uccAraNa nahI kara sakatA thA / jahAM taka hinduoM ke sAtha humAyUM ke vyavahAra kI bAta hai| usakA apane yuga kI paristhitiyoM ke Upara uThanA kaThina thA yapapi una dinoM kI pracalita rIti nIti ke viruddha usane islAma ke kAphiroM para bara yAcAra karane se inkAra kara diyA phira bhI vaha isI nIti kA pUrI taraha se pAlana na kara sakA / katipata mopAla patra ( jisakA varNana / pila pUSThoM meM kiyA gayA hai ) meM varNita hinduoM ko dhArmika svataMtratA dene tathA gohatyA para roka lagAne kI tyA kathita vAzAboM ke hote hue mI humAyUM ne apanI bahusaMkhyaka hindU prajA ke kI - karma meM usI taraha ke chAr3a kI jisa taraha mugaloM ke pahale musalamAna sustAna karate the / kAliMjara meM usane hinduoM ke maMpira tor3e / unake pArmika vivAra vizvAsa para coTa pahuMcAne se bhI vaha nahIM cukA / 12 vaha apane mAsviyoM kA bahuta hI pApAta karatA thA yayapi usakI yaha nIti sadaiva hAnikara siddha huI phira bhI yadi vipatI hinduoM se yuddha karate samaya unakI aura ke kisI musalamAna sainika se usakA sAmanA ho jAtA thA to vaha usa para vAra nahI karatA thaa| isa bAta kA pramANa hameM usa samaya milatA hai jisa samaya bahAdura zAha ( gujarAta ke zAsaka ) ne cittaur3a para vAmaNa 11. phAriztA - brigja - bhAga 2 pRSTha 178 12 - ra.rU. zrIvAstava - mugala kAlIna bhArata pRSTha 82. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #31
jhd chii gl kiioo karanA ucita nahIM samajhA kyoki aisA karake vaha apayaza lenA nahIM cAhatA thA / jaba ki usakA skamAI dharma yuddha karake kAphiroM ko harA rahA thaa| phira bhI vaha koI nirgama pratAr3aka nahI thA aura na hindU kI ko nara karane kI koI sunizcita nIti hI usane apanAI / elphiMsTana ne kahA hai| " svabhAva se na vaha cAlAka thA, na nirdayI / yadi vaha yUropa meM sa saMtulita samrATa hotA to sambhavata: vaha cArlsa vditIya se pApA pUra yA rakta pipAsu nahIM hotA / " isa taraha hama dekhate hai ki bAbara va humAyU kI dhArmika nIvi dilI saltanata ke sultAnoM kI apekSA udAra thI / For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #32
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara www.kobatirth.org kA vyaktitva

Page #33
akabara kI dhArmika nIti bakabara kA vyaktitva bamIra mura ne bhArata varga ko talavAra ke aura se jItA thaa| para yA eka bAla thA ki vAyA, garajA, parasA bora dekhate dekhate gayA / bAbara usake par3apone kA potA thA jo usake savA sau varSa bAda / duvA thA / usane sAdhAgya kI sthApanA bArambha kI thI, para isI prayatna meM umA dehAnta ho gayA / usake putrahamAya ne sAmrAjya prasAda kI nIMva DAhI bAra mI rakhI, para zerazAha ke pratApa ne use mana meM kiyaa| vantima avasthA meM jaba phira usakI bora pratApa rUpI vAyu kA phokA bAyA, taba bAyu ne usakA sAtha diyA / banta mana1556 pratApa zAThI akabara ne rAjyArohaNa kyiA / teraha paraba ke chahaka kI kyA bisAta, para Izvara kI mahimA deto ki usane sAmrAjya prasAda ko itanI UMcAI taka pahuMcAyA aura nIMva ko aisA kiyA ki pIliyo tA vahana liI / vaha khinA par3anA nahI jAnatA thA, para phira bhI apanI pati kesa ssI kama se kisa gayA ki kA ummai pisa pisa kara miTAvA , para ve jitanA ghisate hai unA hI camakate jAte hai / usakI gaNanA vizva ke zaktizAlI bamAtama shaaskaa| meM kI jAtI hai| usake vyaktitva ke viSaya meM usa makAlIna itihAsa kArI ne prakAza DAlA / purtagAlI mA zira maNDala ke pAparI mAMgareTa aura bAbA ke putra jahAMgIra ne bAbara ke vyaktitva kA vistRta varNana kiyA hai| According to father Monserrate : He was in face and statwo fit for the deity of king, so that any body, even at the first dance, would any recom15 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #34
zonana na mia him as the king, H1. moulders were broad, and his legs lightly bandy, and adapted to Mding. His Complexion was fair, but sightly rurfused with a darker tint. He carried his head 111ghtly inclimed to ano side, towards the right shoulders, his frow was broad and open, and his eyes sparkl ed as does the sea when 11ated by the Sun. His eyelids were heavy as are those of the Sarmatiions, the chinese, the N1 phonians and nearly all asiatics of the northern regions, 815 eyeba row wore narrow, and his non was middle #1x and droppins, but had a night bridge. His nostrials were exc perded as though he were enraged, and an the left one he had a wat, which met the upper lip. He shared his beard, but not his moustache, following the custom of young Turks before they assume the rul catumo of manhood, who, after they have taken the ville toga, chenion and arrange ther beards, Unlike his foregathers he did not share his head, nor did he wear a cap, but bound hio hair with a turban, which, they may he did in imitation of the Indian ouston, in order to conciliate the, He dragged his left leg e11ghtly, as through he were lamo in it, though he had not be an in jured in the foot. He has in his body, which 18 very well made, and neither thin and moagre nor fat and grosi muon courage and strength. When he laughs be 18 distorted, but when he 13 tranquil and serane ho has For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #35
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti a noble mien and great dignity. In his wrath he is y .. majestic. 1 23 jahAMgIra ne likhA hai ki usakA zarIrAkAra madhyama thA parantu kucha lambA pratIta hotA thA / usakA gehuMgA raMga thA, usakI bAMkhe va mAhe kAlI thIM aura usakA raMga rUpa sApha hone kI apekSA kucha sAMvalA thA, usakA zarIra siMha ke samAna thA, chAtI caur3I thI, usake hAtha tathA mujAra lambI thIM / usake nAka kI bAI aura eka masA thA, jo dekhane maiM bar3A bacchA mAlUma hotA thA tathA isakA bAkAra bAthai maTara ke barAbara thA, kucha vyakti jo mukha lakSaNa vidyA ke jJAtA the, isa mase ko samaddhatA tathA bhAgyazAlI hone kA pratIka batAte the / usakI tejasvI AvAja bahuta hI prabhAva zAlI thI / bolane tathA vyAkhyAna karane maiM vaha bahuta hI pravINa thA / apane kAryoM tathA svabhAva meM saMsArI jIva nahIM thA, varana usameM IzvarIya prakAza vidhamAna thA 2 uparokta taka ke AdhAra para hama kaha sakate haiM ki akabara kA vyaktitva jAnakarNaka thA / vaha ghuTanoM taka nIcA rezamI aMgarakhA pahanatA thA / jo ki svarNa sUtroM kI bunAI tathA phUla pattiyoM ke AkarSaka kazIda se suzobhita rahatA thA bora eka bar3e phIte vdArA vaha use bAMdhatA thA / usakA pAyajAmA sTTI taka pahuMcatA thA aura usameM motI lage rahate the / motI ke gucche se vaha pAyajAmeM ko bAMdhatA thA / usake jUte bhI banUThe bora apane hI DhaMga ke hote the / vaha AkarSaka pagar3I bAMdhatA thA / usakI pagar3I bahumUlya motiyA~ aura ratnoM se suzobhita rahatI thI / pagar3I bAMdhane ke DhaMga meM hindU aura musalamAna donoM praNAlI kA sammizraNa rahatA thA / vaha pArasiyoM jaisI vezabhUNA mI pahanatA thA / For Private And Personal Use Only 1- 81r Wolsehey Haig: The Cambridge History of India Vol. IV P. 155 2. Tuzuk-1-Jahangiri- Vol. I P. 34

Page #36
3jhd baal sNb + + + + According to V. A. Smith : He is said to have worn the sacred shirt and girdle which every Parsee must wear under his clothes." 3 akabara svalpAhArI thA aura sAmAnyata: eka hI bAra bharapeTa bhojana karatA thA, vaha mI prAya : madhyAnha maiM / prItibhojI yA dAvoM ko zeDakara akabara prAya : akele meM hI bhojana karatA thA / vAlyAkAla meM hI usai AmiNa bhojana meM hI amita ci nahIM thI / jyA~ * jyA usakI bAyu bar3hatI gaI vatta AmiNa bhojana ke prati udAsIna hotA gayA |jiivn! ke uttara kAla meM to vaha pUrNata: nirAmiNa ho gayA thA / vaha kahatA thA ki -" yara ucita nahIM ki eka AdamI apane peTa ko pazuoM kI kA banAye / " " ho sakatA hai ki yaha hinduoM aura jainiyoM ke prabhAva se / huA ho lekina use bAmiNa pojana ke prati zurU se hI rUci na thI / usane svayaM kahA ki mujhe apanI choTI umra se hI mAMsAhAra nIrasa lagatA hai / jaba kamI meM bAzA dekara mAMsa banavAtA thA taba bhI usako khAne kI bahuta hI kama paravAha karatA thA / isI svabhAva se merI dRSTi pazu rasA kI bora gaI aura maine pIche se mAMsAhAra kA sarvathA tyAga kara diyA / "5 akabara ke ina vicAroM se patA katA hai ki use bAmiNa momA se ghora pRNA thI / aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki akabara ne apanI hindU rAniyoM ke prabhAva se moma meM mAMsa, lahasuna va pyAja mI tyAga diyA thA / apanI taruNAvasthA meM vaha mathapAna karatA thA / 1580 meM tAr3I + 3- Smith ! Akbar the great Megul P. 163. 2-in-1-Akbari Vol. III Translated in to Enath by H.S.Jarrett P. 443. + + + + + + + + + Ain-i-Akbari Vol. III Translated in to English by H.8.Jarrett P.446. + 4 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #37
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti www.kobatirth.org 25 ke prati rUci utpanna huI aura vaha tAr3I pIne lagA para prauDhAvasthA meM tAr3I pInA chor3a diyA / ayabara aphIma ke nidrAkArI niyojana ko va pasaMda karatA thA, aphIma kI banI huI kaI bIje khAtA thA parantu prauDhAvasthA meM usane mapAna tyAga diyA / yavapi akabara ke samaya maiM tambAkU aura hukke kA pracAra vyApaka rUpa se ho gayA thA para vaha svayaM tambAkU nahIM pItA thA / akabaraphaloM kA zaukIna thA | Jahangir says: Akbar had a great liking for fruit, especially grapes, melons and pomegranates, and was in the habit of eating! it whenever he indulged in either vine or opium. "6 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir akabara vinodI svabhAva kA prasannacitta vAlA vyaktiA thA / madhuravacana bolanA usakA svabhAva thA / ahaMkAra tathA dRSya se use ghRNA thI / vaha eka milana sAra nareza thA aura chor3e bar3e sabhI vyaktiyoM se milatA thA / vaha apane sadvyavahAra aura madhura svabhAva ke kAraNa apane bamIrI, sAmantI, darabAriyotathA prajAjanoM meM atyanta lokapriya thA / isa vizeSatA ke kAraNa sabhI usake prati zraddhA rakhate the / usake vyaktvi eka khAsa guNa yaha thA ki vaha apanA kAma mIThA bana kara nikAlane kA hI prayatna karatA thA / vaha mAnatA thA ki kAra mIThI davA se roga miTavA ho to kar3avI davA kA upayoga nahIM karanA cAhiye / isI nIti ke vyAza usane aneka rAjyoM vIra vIroM ko apane adhIna kara liyA thA / usakA vyavahAra ucca koTi kA thA aura vaha sadA nyAya kA padA grahaNa karatA thA / 6 Turuk-1-Jahangir Translated by Rogers and Beveridge Vol. I P. 270- 350. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #38
akabara kI dhArmika nati He said, If I were guilty of an in just act; I would ri se in Judgement against my solr." 7. yapi akabara kI koSAgni zIghra hI zAnta ho jAtI thI, lekina usakA koSa hotA bahuta bhayaMkara thA aura koSAveza meM vaha mayaMkara daNDa 3 baiThatA thA / kothA veza meM usane apane thAyamAI bAdhama khAM ko kile kI - dIvAra se giravA kara maravA diyA thA, mAmA mukhamama ko kaThora daNDa diyA thA tathA rAjAla ke eka mazAla bI ko, jo so gayA thA, durga kI dIvAra se phikyA kara vaya karavA diyA thA / parantu akabara kA ssAzeSa balpakAThIka hI hotA thA / sAmAnyata: vaha parNa bAtma niyaMtraNa brttaa| thA / parAjita zatru ke prati vaha mAnavocita udAra vyavahAra karatA thA - parantu virodhiyoM ke prati utanA hI kaThora ho jAyA karatA thA / videzI rAjakumAroM, videziyoM, videzI se usake saMrakSaNa meM Aye rAjakumAroM ke prati vA adhika ziSTatA, namratA aura udAratA kA vyavahAra karatA thaa| _khakabara ko vibhinna prakAra ke Amoda - pramoda aura bAseTa meM saci thI / vaha jaMgala meM bhayaMkara se bhayaMkara zeroM, cItI tathA hAdhiyoM kA! zikAra karatA thA / vaha svaya vaka nizAne bAja, bahamuta lakSya medI bAra catura zikArI thA / kara pravINa asvArohI thA aura ghara se ra hAthiyoM ko vaza meM kara lene kI usameM apUrva sAmatA thii| ghur3asavArI meM usakI ruci thI tathA ghor3e kI pITha para baiTha kara vaha prAya : dina meM pacAsa - sATha kilA mITara ira kI yAtrA kara detA thaa| use dhUsaibAjI, bhallayuddha tathA pahalavAna kI kuztiyAM dekhane kI mI rUci thI / kabhI kabhI vaha varga * saMgharNa meM mI! rUci letA thA / ho sakatA hai ki isa prakAra ke saMgharga dekhane kI usameM / turkI aura maMgola paramparA rahI ho / caugAna khelane, saMgIta sunane, polo khela dekhane, viduNoM ke kAma tathA bAjIgaroM ke karataba va madAriyoM ke 7 - An-i-Akbart Vol. III Trans, by 1.5.Jarrett P.434 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #39
jhd sNl jii 27 tamAze dekhane kA bhI use zaoNka thA / nagAr3A bajAne meM vaha dasA thA / khelo! meM use itanI adhika sAci thI ki kabhI- kamI to vaha rAtri meM prakAza karavA kara khela karavAtA thaa| usane apane bastabala meM kaI sahastra UMToM - pohoM aura hAthiyoM ko pAla rakhA thA / ina vibhinna prakAra ke vAmoda * pramoda, bAseTa, khela - tamAze tathA pazu pAlana meM saci rakhane para mI / akabara inameM itA lipta nahIM rahatA thA ki vaha bapo prazAsana vIra rAma kAja ko mUla hI jAye / ina pradarzanI, pazu - yuoM, khela - tamAzI baadi| ke bIca mI akabara vapanI samasyAoM para manana vAra cintana karatA rahatA thaa| akabara kA dainika jIvana bar3A hI saMyamita thA / usakI jAdate sI thI - sAthI, saMyamita bora gaurava zAlI tathA gambhIra thI / vaha bahuta kama sotA thA / jahAMgIra ne likhA " ve rAta bhara jagA karate the, dina ! meM kama sote the / dina aura rAta meM milA kara Der3ha pahara se adhika nahIM soyA karate the / ve rAtri jAgaraga ko apanI bAyu kI vRddhi ke samAna mAnate the / " isI prakAra smitha ne bhI likhA hai ki - Ho aopt little and 11 statuzy, sel dom more than three hours in the night time, the hours which he kept must have been dreadfully trying to the Courto * 9 samaya kA sadupayoga baha bar3I sAvadhAnI se karatA thA aura dina meM rAjakArya aura rAjasamA meM vyasta rahatA thA / vaha apanA samaya dArzanikoM, vidvAnoM aura thAMbAyA~ ke satsaMga meM vyatIta karatA thA / aneka bAra vaha ekAnta meM baiThakara bAdhyAtmika samasyAoM para cintana aura manana bhI kiyA karatA 6- esa.vAra. zarmA hindI anuvAdaka mathurAlAla zarmA - mArata meM mugala sAmrAjya - pRSTha - 3. 9- Smith ! Akbar the great Mosal. P. 340. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #40
akabara kI dhArmika nIti thA / abulaphajA likhanA hai ki samrATa meM hatanI vacchI bAta hai ki maiM unakA pUrNa rUpa se varNana nahIM kara sakatA / yadi meM isa viSaya para * korNA kI mI racanA kaptaM to bhI vaha sampUrNa nahIM hogA / "10 ____ akabara kI sAkSaratA ke viSaya meM vidvAnoM meM matabheda hai / yapapi vaha apane pitA humAyUM aura pitAmaha bAbara kI tulanA meM suzikSita aura vidvAna to nahI thA kintu pUrNatayA niraMkuza bhI nahI thA / usake pitA humAyaM kA! adhikAMza samaya apane mAjhyA ke viruddha sainika abhiyAnoM vIra yuddhoM meM tathA nivAsana ke saMkoM meM vyatIta ebA thA / isa liye vaha akabara kI zikSA kI samucita vyavasthA na kara sakA / phira bhI kAra para bAdhipatya sthApita karane ke bAda usane akabara kI zikSA ke liye vidAna mAlavI niyukta kiye / parantu akabara kA mana par3hane - likhane meM nahI lagatA thA / usane apanA bAlyAkAla kheloM, zikAra aura ghur3adaur3a meM vyatIta kara diyA / bataeva vaha ! pUrNa rUpeNa sApAra evaM vidvAna na bana sakA / zrI ena.la. laoN- likhate! hai ki * akabara pUrNa rupaina tirapAra nahIM thA / yadi vaha likha nahIM sktaa| thA to kama se kama par3ha to avazya hI letA thA / * 11 isake viparIta kucha vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki akabara nirapAra thA ve usakI sAdAratA meM saMdeha karate hai jaisA ki baku phajala ne likhA hai - usake pavitra hRdaya eMva puNyAtmA kI amiru ci kamI bhI bAharI par3hane likhane kI aura nahIM kI / sAkSA-1 ratA ke prati udAsIna rahane para bhI usakA utkRSTa jJAna mAnA samasta mAna-1 vatA ke liye isa bAta kA yotaka thA ki samATa ko jJAna koNa dhIra samasta +-+ +- + + + + 10-An1-1-Akbart- Vol. I Trans. by H.mochnann, Second edition P. 165. 111 - N.L. Law : Promotion of 1eaming in India during Mohommedan Aule P.P.139-43. + + + + + + + For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #41
phrr lii rn jiioo viSayoM kI anupama sUpha par3ane se nahIM prApta huI balki yaha saba usake / liye Izvaradatta varadAna thA jisake vikAsa meM mAnavIya zrama kA koI sthAna nahIM thA / " 12 isI prakAra jahAMgIra likhatA hai ki yapi usakA pitA nirapAra thA tathApi use jJAna potra vibhinna sthala se itanA gRha paricaya prApta thA tathA kisI viSaya kI vivecanA karane meM vaha itanA pravINa thA ki kisI bhI manuSya ke liye usakA nirasAra vAmAsa honA sA lapa-1 nAtIta bAta thI / ina sAkSAta asuvidhAoM ke hote hue bhI vaha ajJAnI / 7 T 1 According to 81r Wolseley Haig : In spite of his 1111teracy he was far from being ul oa med nor was his intellect wcultivated, for << he delighted in 11stening to the reading of works on history, thoslog Philosophy and other subjects and of discussing afterwords what had been road and his memory was such that he ao quired through the ear a stock of leaming as great as that which most of his associates could acquirt through the eye." 13. uta : hama akabara ko azipiAta kaha sakate hai lekina ajJAnI nahIM yahAM yaha vizeSa ulTekhanIya hai ki azikSita hone para bhI akabara meM hI. natA kI bhAvanA nahIM thI / vaha kahA karatA thA ki -"sabhI paigambara ! azikSita vyakti the / isa liye musalamAnoM ko apane putroM meM se eka ko isa dazA meM rakhanA hI cAhiye / " 14 dainika vyavahAra meM vaha zitita: 13- The Cambridge History of India Vol. IV P. 154. 12 - Ain-1-Akbari Trans, by H.8. Jarrett Vol.III P.4321 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #42
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti www.kobatirth.org 15- Snd th: Akbar the great Mogul P. 338. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir pratItanahIM hotA thA / yapi akabara na to pUrNa rUpa se khAdAra thA aura na vidvAna hI, parantu usamai jIvana kA vyAvahArika jJAna atyadhika thA / aupacArika nirakSaratA se use jarA bhI kaThinAI na huI / vaha kuzAgra buddhi vAlA samrATa thA / usakI smaraNa zakti itanI vilakSaNa va alaukika thI, jisase use par3ha kara sunAyI gayI pustakoM kI vartavastu, vibhAgIya mAmaloM ke vivaraNa yahAM taka ki saikar3oM vyaktiyoM, cir3iyA~, ghor3oM va hAthiyoM ke nAma smaraNa rahate the / vaha jo kucha sunatA thA yA jo kucha use vibhinna granthoM se par3ha kara sunAyA jAtA thA sabhI use yAda ho jAtA thA / Smith says, Akbar was intimately acquainted with the works of many Muhammadan historians and theologians, as well as with a considerable amount of general Asiatic literature, especially the writings of Sufi or mystic pos -ts. ata: akabara darzana zAstra, dharmazAstra vIra adhyAtmavAda ke vibhinna gUr3ha - rahasyoM para acchI taraha vArtAlApa bara vAda vivAda kara sakatA thA / tarka karane meM vaha bar3e vidvAnoM ko bhI parAsta kara detA thA / vijJa samItiyoM meM vaha jisa vAkU paTatA kA paricaya detA thA use suna kara koI yaha anumAna mI na lagA sakatA thA ki vaha vyakti niradAra hogA / kisI bhI viSaya para vaha apanA mata kuzalatA, spaSTatA aura saralatA se vyakta karatA thA / jJAna, pratimA aura mAnasika zaktiyoM meM vaha zreSTha thA tathA usameM ucca koTi kI prayogAtmaka vRddhi thI / apane ucca AdarzoM ko vaha kArya rUpa meM pariNata karatA thA aura apane AdarzoM kI upayogitA kA paricaya detA thA / For Private And Personal Use Only 30 -

Page #43
akabara kI dhArmika nIti ___akabara guNagrAhI samrATa thA / vaha vidhAnurAgI aura sAhitya premI bAvazAra thA / pustakoM ke prati use asIma prema thA / usane savizAla ! susajjita pustakAlaya savAyA jisama vidAnA vdArA likhe gaye caubIsa hajAra stalikhita grantha saMgrahita kiye / vidvAna loga isa pustakAlaya kI zreSTha pustakoM ko par3ha kara akabara ko sunAte the / isase akabara ne apanI tI! smaraNa zakti ke kAraNa sAhitya, darzana, rAjanIti, itihAsa, dharmazAstrI Adi kA acchA jJAna prApta kara liyA thA / citrakalA maiM to use taruNA vasthA se hI ruci thii| citrakalA vibhAga kA vaha svayaM nirIkSaNa karatA thA / sAkSara na hone para bhI use sulekhana kalA meM rUci thI / bAlyA. vasthA se hI use saMgIta se prema thaa| jabala phaka ke anusAra" vaha saMgIta kI aura bahuta dhyAna detA thA tathA jo vyakti isa sundara kalA ko - sIkhatA thA badhavA jAnatA thA akabara una saba ko sahAyatA pradAna karatA thA / "16 akabara eka nAjJAkArI puka, nugraha zIla bhAI eMva pitA tathA anurAgazIla pati thA / sapane parivAra ke sadasyoM aura samvanthiyoM ke prati vaha atyanta ubAra, dayAlu, tathA sneha pUrNa vyavahAra karatA thA / vaha bahudhA isa bAta para zoka prakaTa karatA thA ki upane pitA kA itanI zIghra svargavAsa ho gayA ki vaha unakI koI sevA na kara sakA / apane udAra, sarala aura snehI svabhAva ke kAraNa vaha apane parivAra vAloM kA bar3A lAilA thA / apanI mAtA kA vaha zAna zaukata se svAgata karatA thA aura ! sammAna ke liye rAjamahala se kaI kilo mITara Age bar3hakara maiTa aura svAgata ! karatA thA / para apanI mAtA, rAjamahala kI anya begarmA va gulabadana ke / prati vizeSa prema hone para bhI vaha unna prazAsana aura rAjanIti meM hastadIpa nahIM karane detA yA / akabara ne upatI thAmAtAoM va dhAya mAjhyA ke 16- Ain-1-Akbart. Val. I. P. 115. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #44
aLabara kI dhArmika nIti . . . . . . + + ke prati sava sammAna rakhA / mAma anagA ke janAje ke sAtha vaha ghara taka kA aura jIjI banagA ke janAje ko kanyA bhI diyA / thAya bandhu jIbI kokA ke prati udAratA prATa kI to sautele bhAI mirjA hAkima ke vidroha karane para bhI use parAsta kara pAmA kara diyA / usakA kahanA thA ki hAmi usake pitA kI smRti hai / apane putra - putriyoM ke prati bhI akabara / bahuta adhika seha rakhatA thA / sahIma kA anucita vyavahAra bhI akabara ke pita sneha aura kRpA ko thama na kara sakA / aneka bAra vidroha karane para pI anta meM usane salIma ko sAmA hI kara diyA / saMdIpa meM hama kaha sakate hai ki apane parivAra ke sabhI sadasyoM ke prati usakA bar3A sneha aura sahavyavahAra thA | baccoM ko to vaha bahuta hI pyAra karatA thA | "Akbar said, children are the young sal pings in the garden of 116e. To love thon 18 to tum our minds to the Bointiful creator " 17. akabara apane pArivArika sadasyoM ke alAvA apane mitroM sAthiyoM ! aura sahayogiyoM ke prati bhI atyanta maitrI sva sneha pUrNa sambandha rakhatA thaa| vIrakala, ToDaramala, phailI aura abula phajala ke sAtha jo usakA vyavahAra atyanta maitrI pUrNa aura sahRdayatA kA thA / bIrabala kI mRtyu para to une / doko dina aura do rAto taka mucha bhI khAyA - piyA nahIM / use isa bAta kA atyanta dukha thA ki yuddha ke bAda bhI use bIrabala kA zava na prApta ho sakA / aura hindU paramparAoM ke anusAra vaha usakI dAha kiyA na kr| sakA / isI prakAra apane annanya mitra babUla, phajala ke dehAvasAna kI zoka kelA meM vaha phUTa phUTa kara royA, use itanI adhika mArmika venA huI ki ! 17 - Ain-1-Akbari Vol. III Trans. by H.S.Jarrett P-431.1 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #45
akabara kI dhArmika nIti usane tIna dina taka kucha mI na khAyA pIyA / apane rAjapUta sambandhiya, sahayogiyoM aura mitroM ke prati bhI akabara udAra aura snehI thA / akabara tarka aura viveka meM vizvAsa karatA thA / vaha vuddhihIna, nakala yA anukaraNa ko burA mAnatA thA / He said If imitation were commendable the prophets would have followed their predecessors."18 vaha buddhi aura viveka meM adhika AsthA rakhatA thA aura cAhatA thA ki loga buddhi, viveka gore tarka ke anusAra hI kArya kareM / vaha dhArmika aura laukika bAtoM ko apanI buddhi va viveka ke anusAra unake guNoM ke AdhAra para hI aMgIkAra karatA thA / parantu akabara kI isa buddhivAditA ke sAtha usakA andha vizvAsa bhI jur3A huA thA / aneka bAra vaha bandha vizvAsI ho jAtA thaa| zubha aura azubha dinoM aura zakunoM meM, jyotiNa aura bhaviSya vANIyoM meM, satkAra aura phUkA phAMkI meM vaha vizvAsa karatA thA aneka yuvatiyAM apane zizuoM ko niroga karane ke liye yA baccA hone ke riye usakI manautI mAnatI thI / aura yadi aisA ho jAtA thA to vaha usake liye caDhAve lAtI thI / abula phajala likhatA hai ki zAzvata sukha, prAmANika hRdaya, acche AcaraNa kI salAha, zArIrika bala susaMskAra putra prApti, mitroM kA punaH samAgama, dIrghAyu, dhana sampatti aura ucca padavI Adi anyAnya aneka murAde lekara kunDa ke jhunDa manuSya samrATa akabara ke pAsa jAte the / samrATa zreya kA jAnane vAlA thA, isa liye vaha hara eka ko santoSaprada uttara detA thA / aura unakI dhArmika samasyAoM ko hala karane kI yojanAe~ gar3hatA thA / aisA eka bhI dina nahIM bItatA thA jisa dina loga akabara ke pAsa se maMtroccAraNa vyArA pAnI ke kaTore pavitra karavAne ke liye na jAte ho / 16 isa prakAra akabara meM buddhivAdita .. 18 - - ** Ain-1-Akbari Vol. III Trans, by H.8. Jarrett P,427 19 - Ain-1-Akbari Val. I Trans, by H. Blochmanm P.164. 33 -

Page #46
akabara kI dhArmika nati aura anya vizvAsa kA anUThA sammizraNa thA / akabara apane yuga kA atyanta mahatvAkAMkSI samrATa thA / Acc-! ording to Smith * The ruling passion of Akbar was ambie tion. His Wol. rein was dedicated to conquest, *20 vaha kahA karatA thA ki pratyeka samrATa ko yuddha ke liye taiyAra rahanA caahiye| aura senA ko nirantara yuddha kalA kA prazikSaNa denA cAhiye / yuga kI paramparAoM ke anurUpa vaha nirakuMza va svecchAcArI samATa thA lekina phira mI vaha prajAvatsala samrATa thA / vaha rAta dina prajA - hita ke kAryoM meM vyasta rahatA thA / yathApi vaha musalamAna kula meM janmA thA tathApi usake hRdaya meM dayA ke mAva adhika the / prajA ke prati rAjA ke kyA kartavya hai yaha vaha palI prakAra jAnatA thA / pAnI kI tagI ke kAraNa phatehapura sIkarI meM baMdhAyA huvA tAlAba jisake cinta aba mI maujUda hai usakI kyA lutA kI sAtI de rahe hai / usane hindU, musalamAna, jAti aura sampradAya ke bheda bhAva ko miTA kara saba ko samAna samaphA / yahI kAraNa thA ki ! usane pRNita tIrtha yAtrA kara va jajiyA kara haTA diye / usane prajAvatsala samrATa ko rupa meM tAtkAlIka paristhitiyoM ke pratikUla tathA samAja ke liye! ghAtaka siddhAntA va rIti-rivArjA ko cAhe ve dharmAnumodita hI. kyoM na ho, TA diyA / vaha sAdhAraNa prajAnoM ke sAtha sahAnubhUti rakhatA thA tathA unakI prArthanAoM eMva zikyAtA ko anugraha pUrvaka sunatA thA / yahAM yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki vaha prAya:prati dina eka ssA aksara detA thA jaba prajAjana, amIra yA sAmAnta usase peTa aura bAtacIta kara sake / usakA kahanA thA ki - yaha merA kartavya hai ki saba vyaktiyoM ke prati acchA vyavahAra kiyA jAve -"21 inhI vArtA se vaha apanI prajA meM adhika loka priya ho gayA thA / lekina kAnUna, zAnti aura prazAsakIya 20- Buth - Akbar the great Yesul. P. 346. 21 - Ain-1-Akbart Trans, by 1.5. Jarrett Vol. III P.430 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #47
mrd chii c jiioo vyavasthA ke liye aparAdhI ko daNDa denA bAvazyaka samajhatA thA aura binA kisI bheda bhAva ke varaDa detA thA / saptAha meM do dina vaha rAjya ke sarvocca nyAyAdhIza ke rUpa meM darabAra meM baiThakara apane sAmane prastuta hone vAle yA nIce ke nyAyAlayoM se apIla ke liye jAne vAle mukadamoM ko sunatAM thA / akabara kI buddhi itanI tIkSNa thI aura mAnava prakRti kA use itanA adhika jJAna thA ki jaba vaha svayaM nyAya karatA thA to sapiApta praNAlI apanAtA thaa| usakI niSpadA nyAya priyatA ke bAre meM abula phajala - likhatA hai ." samrATa apane nyAyAlaya meM samvandhI aura aparicita meM, amIroM ke pramukha bAra misArI meM koI maida - mAva nahIM rakhatA hai / " 22 jisa samaya akabara kA rAjyAmika duvA dhA usa samaya vaha nAma: mAtra kA bAdazAha thA usake pAsa koI sthAyI rAjya nahIM thA / dillI aura AgarA usake adhikAra se nikala cuke the aura una para hemU kA Adhipattha thA | rAjyArohaNa ke samaya para paMjAba ke kucha mArgA kA hI bAdazAha thA aura vahAM bhI usakA pratidadI aura dillI ke siMhAsana kA dAvedAra sikandara zAha sara usake vaMza aura rAjya ko samara naSTa karane ko tatpara thA / parantu apanI nirantara vijayoM se ata para ne eka zaktizAlI vizAla aura dRDha rAjya sthApita kara liyA thA usako mRtyu se pUrva isa sAmAjya meM uttara meM kAzmIra se lekara dakSiNa bhArata meM khAnadeza aura alamadanagara ke pradeza aura pUrva meM vaMgalA se lekara pazcima meM gujarAta taka ke prAnta sammilita the / usakA kathana thA ki" sAmrATa ko vijaya ke liye sadaiva tatpara rahanA cAhiye, anyathA usake par3osI usake viruddha zastra uThA: dege / senA ko raNa zikSA milatI hI rahanI cAdhyei, tAki prazikSArgA ke abhAva meM vaha kisI na ho jAye / " 22-Akbamama : Trans. by II.Beveridge Vol.III P. 387 23 - Ain-1-Akbari Vol. III Trans. by H.S.Jarrett.P.451. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #48
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti 36 usake vyaktitva kA eka mahatva pUrNa aMga usakI dhArmika udAratA thI / madhya yuga kI dhamandhitA, saMkIrNatA, kaTaTaratA, durAgrahI aniSTa kArI rUDhiyoM aura rASTra virodhI paramparAoM se vaha Upara uTha gayA thaa| usane apane zAsana kAla ke prArambha meM hI yaha anubhava kara liyA thA ki usake sthAyI aura dRDha zAsana ke liye bhArata ke sabhI sampradAya, jAtiyA~ aura an kA tathA musalamAnoM aura gaira musalamAnoM kA sahayoga, sadbhAvanA, samarthana aura rAja bhakti prApta karanA Avazyaka hai / isI liye usane sabhI dharmoM, sampradAyoM aura vargoM ke prati udAratA, dayA aura sahAnubhUti va samAnatA kI nIti baratI / usane gaira musalamAnoM para hone vAle zAsakIya atyAcAro aura ghAtaka nIti ke viruddha kadama uThAye tathA zAsana va rAjya vdArA islAma kA pracAra banda karavA diyA tathA hinduoM para lage dhArmika niyaMtraNa tor3a diye / yuddha vandiyoM ko musalamAna banAnA niSiddha kara diyA / usane saba dharmo ke prati sulaha e kula athavA sahana zIlatA kI nIti apanAI / satya to yaha hai ki akabara ke dhArmika vicAra atyadhika vyApaka the aura usakA dhArmika dRSTi koNa bahuta hI vizAla thA / vaha sabhI kaviyoM ke prati itanA adhika sahiSNu, kRpAlu, vinaya zIla, udAra niSpadA bAra maitrI pUrNa thA ki pratyeka matA kamvI use apane hI mata kA anuyAyI samajhatA thA / dIna dukhiyoM kI sevA karanA aura unake dukhoM ko dUra karane kA prayatna karanA vaha apanA kartavya samatA thA / apanI pUjA ko cAhe vaha hindU ho yA musalamAna satAnA pApa samajhatA thA / uparokta guNoM ke hote hue bhI akabara kA vyaktitva donoM se mukta na thA / anya madhya kAlIna samrAToM ke samAna hI vaha bhoga vilAsI thA / usane musalima zAsako kI putriyoM aura rAjapUta kanyAyAoM se vivAha kiye the / vaha svayam vahu patnitva meM vizvAsa karatA thA / yayapi samrATa manasA athavA karmaNA nipaTa vyabhicArI, vyasanI baura mogAsakta bhI nahIM kahA For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #49
akabara kI dhArmika nati ............ jA sakatA phira bhI apane jIvana ke pUrva meM striyoM ke viSaya meM usane avazya kucha svataMtratA se kAma liyA aura usake anta: pura meM striyoM kI saMkhyA pAMca hajAra thI / stri samvandhita aura sevikAoM kI saMsthA isameM : se ghaTA dene para bhI usakI begamo kI saMkhyA kucha kama na rahI hogii| mi060 vI0 haivela kA kathana hai ki usake bahuta sI striyAM thIM / vaha to! yahAM taka likhatA hai ki mugaloM kI dantakathAoM ke anusAra bApazAha yadi kisI bhI vivAhita stri para mugdha ho jAtA thA to usake pati ko majabarana talAka dekara apanI stri bALAza ke liye chor3a denI par3atI thI 24 kahA jAtA hai ki vaha sundara lAvaNyamayI lalanA kI prApti ke liye| rAmala meM prati saptAha mInA bAjAra kA vAyojana karatA thA, jisameM ! kevala mahilAeM hI bhAga le sakatI thIM / bIkAnera meM pRthvIrAja rAThaura kI patni se sambandhita kiMvadaMtiyAM pI hai, jisameM usane apane satItva bAra mAna rasA ke liye kaTAra nikAlI thiiN| parantu abhI taka aise koI . likhita pramANa upalavya nahIM hue haiM jise striyoM ke prati akabara ke dRSTi koNa aura vicAroM para prakAza par3e / akabara ke tIna aura kaTu bAlIkA badAyUMnI nai yA jaisakaTa pAdariyoM ne akabara ke yauna jIvana yA striI - viSayaka durbalatA kA koI vivaraNa nahIM diyA hai / aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki madhya yuga meM rAniyA~ vIra tukoM meM pracalita vaprAkRtika maithuna ke duguNa se akabara phevara mukta hI nahI pA apitu jo loga isamai li hote the unase ! vaha pRNA karatA thA / vaha ka kapaTa kA bhI vyavahAra karatA thA / kamI kamI usake mosaMyama kA bAMdha TUTa jAtA thA tathA koSa ke pussAha vAveza 24 - OM bI0 levela ke anusAra * munirAja viSAvijayajI vdArA udayata hindI anuvAdaka kRSNa lAla varmA - surIzvara aura samrATa akabara - pR0 338. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #50
akabra kI dhArmika nIti meM vAkara vaha anucita rupa se daNDa bAdi bhI de diyA karatA thA / parantu : isa prakAra kI saMyama pIgatA yadA kadA bora sANika hI hotI thii| satya to yaha hai ki akabara eka manuSya thA aura usameM aneka durguNa bhI the, tathApi usake kaI asAdhAraNa gurgA ne usake durguNoM ko Dhaka diyA thA / anta meM hama akabara ke vyaktitva ke usa mahatva pUrNa baMza para bAte hai jo ki usake jIvana meM mahatva pUrNa sthAna rakhatA hai aura vaha hai svara ke prati bagAtha RdA / mAnava aura bramha ke madhya ke AdhyAtmika tatva / samvanthi gaveSaNA kA vikSya use bar3A mohaka lagatA thA / vaha Izvara meM para niSThA, bAsthA aura vizvAsa rakhane vAlA vyakti thA / abula phajala! likhatA hai ki akabara pare jIvana bhara satya kI khoja meM lagA rahA aura apane ! kartavya pAlana ko zvarIya upAsanA kA eka baMga mAnatA rahA / akabara ke / putra jahAMgIra ne apanI bAtma kathA meM likhA hai ki ." apane sAmrAjya rAja koNa, apAra gadai hue dhana, purAnI agaNita rAzi, asaMsthA lar3AkU hAthI bora barabI ghor3e Adi hote hue bhI ve bhagavAna ke sAmane bAla barAbara pI upahAsa kI kA nahIM karate the aura usako kamI nahIM bhulAte the| ve pratyeka sampradAya, dharma aura jAti ke satpusa mA~ kI saMgati meM rahA . karate the / aura unakI buddhi aura sthiti ke anusAra unakA vApara karate the / "25 akabara kI kucha apolikhita sUktiyoM se spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki sarva zakti mAna paramezvara ke prati usakI bagAdha zraddhA thI / * There exists a bond between the creator and the Creature which 18 not expressible in language." 25 - jahAMgIra ke anusAra * esa.vAra. zarmA vdArA udhata - hindI anuvAdaka mathurAlAla zamAM * bhArata meM mugala sAmrAjya - pRSTha - 283. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #51
jhd lii gNddh jiioo "That which 18 without form can not be sea whether in sleeping or waking, but it 19 apprehensible by force of inagination. To behold God in vision is In fact, to be understood in this sense." " Kach person according to his condition dvos the supreno being a name, but in reality to name the unknovah.18 vain." # There is no need to discuss to point that a vacuum in nature 1s impossible, God 18 omi prosent." "The legnd of Satan 18 an old world notia, who has the power to oppose the will of God." 26. aisI hI aneka uktiyAM bAra mI prastuta kI jA sakatI hai, kintu uparyukta uktiyAM hI kAphI hai kyoMki inase hI hama sahaja hI anumAna lagA sakate hai ki akabara ke hRdaya meM Izvara ke prati amiTa adA thI / vaha apane jIvana kA pratyeka pAga Atma nirIpANa aura Izvara kI khoja meM vyatIta karatA thA / vaha prAya: prazna kiyA karatA thA ki kyA dhArmika aura sAMsArika pravRttiyoM meM samAveza nahI ho sakatA "27 usakA kahanA thA ki sAMsArika kAryoM meM salaMgna rahate hue bhI bAdamI ko bhagavAna kA nirantara dhyAna rakhanA vAptiye / sadA satya kI khoja meM lage rahane para bhI vaha prAcIna hindU rAjA janaka kI bhAMti hI ( jinheM rAjani kI - upAdhi prApta thI ) isI siddhAnta para patA thA ki eka saccA dhArmika pone ke sAtha hI koI vyakti sAMsArika tavayoM ko saphalatA pUrvaka o 26- Ain-1-Akbari Teans. by H.s.sarrett vol.III P.424-251 27 - Ain-1-Akbari Val.. I. P. 162. 26.. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #52
akabara kI dhArmika nati sampanna karatA raha sakatA hai / mana kI yaha dazA kevara pAMlIya hI nhiiN| varana vyAvahArika mI hai| usakA kahanA thA ki -" jisa prakAra hinda striyAM zeTe zeTe kuoM se pAnI lene jAtI hai aura sira para do dau, / tIna tIna gagarI rakhe haMsI karatI huI kI jAtI hai kintu pAnI kI eka vada bhI chalakane nahIM detI, sI prakAra saba kArya karate hue manuSya yadi cAI to apane mana se Izvara ke vicAra ko eka pANa ke liye bhI pRthaka nhiiN| kara sakatA / "28 ___ akabara ke ina vicAroM se patA katA hai ki vaha eka vizuddha - 1 dhArmika vyakti thA lekina sAI pArI bAratolI kA kahanA hai ki usake vicAra jAnane kA kisI meM sAmartha hI nahI thA vaha dikhatA hai ki . ! " akabara apane AMtarika vicAroM ko jAnane kA yA vaha kisa dharma yA ki mata ke anusAra vartAva karatA hai so samajhane kA kabhI kisI ko bhI maukA nahI detA thA / usake hareka kAma meM yaha sUbI thI ki vaha bArI bheda aura prapaMca se dUra rahatA thA, aura jitamI kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai utanA - prAmANika bAra belAra rahatA thA, magara vAstava meM thA vaha bar3A hI gaharA aura svataMtra / usake bacana isa prakAra ke zabdoM meM nikale the ki, jisake do artha ho jAte the, kaI bAra to usake kArya vacarnA se itane viruddha hote the ki bahuta khoja karane para bhI usake gAMtarika mAna jAnane kI kuMjI / nahIM milatI thI / " isase mAlUma hotA hai ki akabara kI sthiti dhArmika viSaya meM yA to adhikacarI thI avyavasthita thI yA use koI jAna hI nahIM saphA thA lekina hatamA avazya hai ki usake hRdaya meM kucha kA saMskAra kI mAtrA 28 - Ain-1-Akbari- Vol. III Trans. by H.S.Jarrett.P.424 25. 29. According to Bartoli quoted from Smith & Akbar the great Mogul, P. 73. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #53
tnd lii sNn jiioo jahara thI / usake hadaya meM bAra bAra yaha savAla uThA karatA thA ki jiso liye logoM meM itanA Andolana hotA hai vaha dharma cIja kyA hai ? bAra usakA vAstavika tatva kyA hai ? usake hadaya meM yaha savAla ThA, usake pahale hI, isare zabdoM meM kaheM to usake hRdaya meM vAstavika dharma ko talAza karane kI icchA paidA huI, usake pahale hI usake mana meM musalamAnI para amaci ho gaI thI / isake sAtha hI usake hRdaya meM hindU - musalamAnoM ko eka karane kI bhAvanA bhI utpanna huI thI / usa icchA ko pUrNa karane ke liye hI usane dIna ilAhI nAmaka eka naye dharma kI sthApanA kI pI pIra isa navIna meM hindu - musalamAnoM ko sammilita karane kA prayatma kiyaa| thA / isa prayatma maiM usako bahuta kucha saphalatA bhI milI thii| .. . +++++++++++++ For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #54
dharmika nIti ko prabhAvita karane vAle tatva

Page #55
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti www.kobatirth.org dhArmika nIti ko prabhAvita karane vAle tatva MAN CARE - en aan de die N QUE CE QU - e - caudahavI aura pandrahavIM zatAbdI meM dharma ke nAma para aneka amAnui atyAcAra hue / para akabara ne pUrvavartI sultAnoM kI saMkIrNa kaTTara dhArmika nIti kA parityAga karake sulaha kula kI nIti apanAI, apUrva dhArmika sahiSNutA sthApita kI / sabhI dharmAvimviyoM ko samAna mAnA tathA unake sAtha niSpadA vyavahAra kiyA / usane eka saMkIrNa, sAmpradAyika, rAjasattA kI vicAra dhArA ko pariSkRta aura parivartita kara diyA / akabara kI dhAraNA thI ki islAma ke siddhAnta saMkIrNa, ekAMgI aura pASANa ke samAna nirjIva nahIM, apitu vyApaka, gatIzIla tathA jAgrata saMsthA ke rUpa meM hai, jo deza, kAla aura paristhitiyoM ke anukUla saMzodhita, parivartita vora pariSkRta kiye jA sakate haiM / akabara ke ina vyApaka dRSTi koNa se mugala rAjasattA kA svarUpa ekadama pariSkRta ho gayA / usane dharma, sampradAya, nasTa yA anya kisI AdhAra para manuyoM meM meda mAva karanA mAnavatA aura naisargika satya dharma ke viruddha samA usane islAmI vidhI vidhAnoM ko jo yA to sAmpradAyika tathA anya asahiSNutA pUrNa bheda bhAva ke bAdhAra the athavA hindU musalima matameda ko samarthana dete the, sthagita kara diyA aura hindurvA ko bhI zAsana ke ucca pada para niyukta kiyA / jaba ToDaramala kI padonnati huI taba musalamAna amIroM aura padAdhikAriyoM ne IrSyA aura dveSa se isa nirNaya kA vizeSa kiyA aura akabara se prArthanA kI ki ToDara mala ko usake pada se pRthaka kara diyA jAye / isa para akabara ne ruSTa hokara kahA ki tuma se pratyeka ne apane nivAsa gRha meM hinduoM ko niyukta kara rakhA maiM hai, to phira maiMne eka hindU ko rakhane meM kyA galatI kI hai / " 1 1- Al-Badaoni. Vol. II Trans, by W.H. Lowe - P. 65. 42 0

Page #56
akabara kI dhArmika nIti yapi ka prArambha meM itanA udAra baura sahiSNu nahIM thA, prArambha meM to use islAma meM atyadhika bAsthA thI aura vaha islAma kA saccA anuyAyI thA kintu vibhinna paristhitiyoM se aura ghaTanAoM se usakI * pArmika nIti vicAra aura dRri koNa meM parivartana huA / aba hama una paristhitiyoM kA varNana kareMge jinhone akabara kI dhArmika nIti ko prabhAvita kiyA / 1. tatkAlIna azAMti ke nivAraNa ke liye hinduoM ke sahayoga kI bAva zyakatA - jaba akabara kA rAjyArohaNa yA usa samaya sArA deza vibhinna smataMtra rAjyoM meM vibhakta thA / kAku kA potra usake sautele bhAI mirjA havIsa ke netRtva meM lagabhaga svataMtra ho cukA thA / badarakA meM akabara kA cacerA mAI sulemAna miArjA svataMtra zAsaka thA umra meM bar3A hone ke kAraNa vaha apane Apako pUrI rAjya kA dAvedAra samajhatA thA / kandhAra sAmarika dRSTi se mahatva kA hone se phArasa ke rAjA kI dRSTi usa para lagI huI thii| sulemAna mirjA ne kAku Akara ekIma mirjI se mila kara ukabara ke viruddha SaDayaMtra kyiA / hakIma mirjA kA jo saMrakhAka thA munIma : sAM, vaha akabara ke saMrakSaka aura pradhAna maMtri bairAma khAM se kaimanasya rakhatA thA / akabara kA eka pramukha saradAra zAha vala mAlI gullama dulA usakA virodha kara rahA thA / akabara kA prasiddha amIra aura ucca padAdhikArI tAradIbaiga bhI akabara ke saMratAka barAma khAM se zatrutA rakhatA thA / isaprakAra! sabhI pramukha amIra aura svayam akabara ke samvandhi hI usase vizvAsa pAta kara rahe the| jisa samaya ambara gadadI para baiThA usa samaya usakI Ayu kevala teraha varNa kI thI / itanI choTI avasthA meM usake liye sampUrNa zAsana pAra sambhAla sakanA asambhava thA / isa liye use svAmibhakta saMraka kI batyA. dhika AvazyakatA thI / sapAka pada ke liye cAra dAvedAra the - munIma sAM: For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #57
akabara kI dhArmika nIti zAha bakula mAlI, bairAma sAM, aura tAravI vaiga / ina cAroM meM se jaba bairAma khAM ko akabara kA saMrapAka niyukta kara diyA to anya tInoM barAma khAM se kaTutA aura vaimanasya rasa lage / ___ akabara ke tIna aphagAna pratibandI the- sikandara sara, muhammada - Adila zAha aura ibrAhIma sUra / ye dillI siMhAsana ke bAkAMDaNI the| eka bAta aura bhI thI ki bhArata meM abhI taka mugaloM ko videzI samajha kara hInatA tathA ghRNA se dekhA jAtA thA / akabara ke pUrvaja taimara kI lUTa mAra, vidhvaMsakArI kArya aura nRzaMsa hatyAoM ke kAraNa bhAratIyoM ke diloM meM mugaloM ke prati svAbhAvika ghRNA paidA ho gaI thii| bAbara jora humAya ne bhI koI lokopayogI kArya nahIM kiye jisase janatA kA saunAI unkai milatA / goDavAnA svataMtra rAjya thA / gujarAta meM musalamAna sulatAna mujaphaphara zAha rAjya kara rahA thA aura mAlavA meM zujAta lAM kA uttarAdhikArI bAja bahAdura svataMtra zAsaka thA / isa prakAra sArA deza svataMtra rAjyoM meM vibhAjita thA / smitha kahatA hai" jaba akabara kalAnora meM takhta para kA to yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA thA ki usake pAsa koI rAjya thA / bararAma khAM ke netRtva meM jo choTI sI senA thI, usakA kucha DagamagAtA huA sA adhikAra paMjAba ke kucha jiloM para thA aura vaha senA bhI aisI nahIM thI jisa para pUrA vizvAsa kiyA jA sake / akabara ko vAstava meM samrATa banane ke liye yaha siddha krnaa| thA ki vaha isare ummIdavAroM kI apekSA adhika yogya hai aura kama se kama ! usako apane pitA kA khoyA huvA rAjya to puna: prApta karanA hI thA isa samaya bhArata kI vArSika sthiti to rAjanaitika sthiti se mI, adhika kharAva thI / avara phaka likhatA hai ki akAla kI bhayaMkaratA ke 2 - esa. bAra, zamA hindI anuvAdaka mathurAlAla mA - bhArata meM mugala sAmrAjya - pRSTha 155 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #58
jhd G.E.O. sNl jii ke kAraNa manuSya - manuSya kA mAMsa khAne ke liye vivaza ho gayA thA aura ekAkI yAtriyoM ko pakar3a kara khA jAne ke liye logoM ke dala bana gaye - caturdika khataroM se ghirA huvA yaha citra-Na thA akabara ke rAjyArohaNa ke samaya kA / aise samaya meM akabara kA bhArata meM Tika sakanA kaThina pratIta hotA thA / ata : aisI paristhitiyoM meM yaha bAvazyaka thA ki vaha jinduoM ko apane papA maiM karane ke liye unake prati samAna vyavahAra, sahijaNutA va udAratA kI dhArmika nIti apanAye / 2. sAmrAjya ko sudRDha banAne ke liye hinduoM kA sahayoga bAvazyaka * akabara isa bArIkI ko acchI taraha samajha gayA thA ki bhArata - hinduoM kA ghara hai / kyoMki itihAsa ne yaha tathaya pramANita kara diyA thA ki sulatAnoM meM ve hI loga adhika saphala hura jinhoMne hinduoM kA samyoga, samarthana aura sahAyatA prApta karane kA prayAsa kiyA / isake alAvA akabara kA svayam kA vicAra thA ki mujhe isa deza meM Izvara ne bAdazAha ! banA kara bhejA hai / yadi kevala vijaya prApta karanA ho, taba to yaha hogaa| ki deza ko talavAra ke jora se apane adhIna kara liyA aura deza vAsiyoM ko davA kara ujAr3a DAlA, parantu jaba maiM hasI ghara meM rahane gaM, taba yaha sambhava : nahI hai ki sAre lAma aura sukha to maiM aura mere amIra moge aura isa deza ke nivAsI durdazA sahaiM, aura phira bhI maiM bArAma se raha sakU / dezavAsiyoM ko bilakula naSTa aura nAma zeNa kara denA aura bhI adhika kaThina hai|" apane vicAroM se akabara isa niSkarga pahuMcA ki islAma deza kA rASTrIya dharma hone ke anupayukta hai, kyoMki musalima rAjya kI bahusaMkhyaka janatA * 3 - Akba.renama Vol. II P. 57. 4 akabarI darabAra - hindI - anuvAda * rAmacandra varmA pahalA bhAga pR0 116 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #59
30yd jii sNl jiioo hindU thI / unakA pasaM utkRSTa thA bata : usakA vinAza nahIM kiyA jA sakatA thaa| isa prakAra hinduoM ko zava banAkara na to unako naSTa kiyA jA sakatA thA aura na hI subaha sAmrAjya kA nirmANa sambhava thA / vaha ssA sAmrAjya sthApita karanA cAhatA thA jo yaha saMkhyaka hinduoM aura musaramAnoM ke sahayoga tathA sahAyatA para, zAsitA kI zubhecchA va sadabhAvanA para Azrita ho, jisameM kisI jAti, dharma va raMga kA bheda - bhAba na ho, jisameM hinduoM aura musalamAnoM ko samAna rUpa se adhikAra prApta ho, tathA donoM ko hI samAna surapA, nyAya vaura svataMtratA prApta ho, yahI kAraNa thA ki jaba usane deza kA zAsana vane hAtha meM liyA, taba aisA raMga nikAlA jisase sAdhAraNa mAratavAsI yaha na samajhe ki vijAtIya turka aura vidharmI musalamAna kahIM se bAkara hamArA zAsaka bana gayA hai / sa liye deza ke lAbha bAra hita para usane kisI prakAra kA koI baMdhana nahIM . gAyA / hinduoM ke sahayoga se usakA sAmrAjya eka aisI nadI bana gayA jisakA kinArA hara jagaha se ghATa thA / isa prakAra rAjanaitika kAraNoM se prerita hokara akabara nai talavAra kI noka para rAjya sthApita karane aura use calAne tathA islAma ko rAjya dharma banAne kI bhAvanA tyAga dI bAra hinduoM ke prati samAna vyavahAra tathA dhArmika sahiSNutA kI nIti apnaaii| 3. akabara ke pUrvajoM ke udAra thAmika vicAra - yapi akabara bhArata meM videzI thA / jaisA ki sitha ne mI risA Akbar was a foreicer in India, ile had not a drop ci Indian blood in his veins, * 5 5. Smith : Akbar the great Mosul. P. 9. + + + + For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #60
makabara kI dhArmika nIti kintu phira bhI vaha dhArmika mAmaloM meM udAra thA, isakA bahuta kucha zreya usake pUrvajoM kI udAra dhArmika vicAra dhArA ko diyA jA sakatA hai / usake zarIra meM tu, maMgola aura rAnI rakta thA / mAtR pakSa kI vora se akabara caMgeja khAM ke vaMza se sambandhita thA / yapi caMgeja khAM bauddha dharma ko mAnatA thA, parantu use apanI prajA ke vibhinna dhArmika kRtyoM meM - sammilita hone meM koI saMkoca nahIM hotA thaa| caMgeja bAra usake pUrvaja paristhitiyoM ke anusAra apane Apako badala lete the| pitR padA kI aura se akabara mUra ke vaMza se sambandhita thA aura tamUra koja khAM kA bhI sampatriI thA / taimUra mI kamI sunnI bAra kabhI ziyA ho jAtA thA / akabara kA! pitA maha bAvara svayaM taimUra vaMza kA thA / bAbara kI mAtA caMgeja vaMza ke maMgola zAsaka yunasa kI putrI thI / bAbara dharmaniSTha vAra Izvara meM iDa AsthA, rakhane vAlA vyakti thA, yayapi vaha sunnI thA lekina vaha svataMtra vicAroM kA poSaka thA / bAbara kA putra aura akabara kA pitA humAyU bhIsI kaTTara sAtha nahIM thA / usane paristhiti vaza phArasa meM ziyA dharma grahaNa kara liyA thA | mAyaM kI pali hamIdA bAn begama jo ki phArama ke ziyA zekha alI akabara jAmI kI putrI thI, humAyaM ke samAna vaha bhI saMkIrNa vicAroM vAlI nahIM thI / isa taraha akabara ke pUrvaja rAjanaitika bAvazyaktAoM ke kAraNa vIra apanI mahatvAkAMpAoM kI pUrti ke liye dhArmika mAmaloM meM udAra ho jAte the / bata: vaMza paramparA se bakabara meM pArmika kaTaTaratA bAne ke liye koI sthAna nahIM raha gayA thA / 4. akabara ke saMrapAka tathA zikSAko kA udAra dRSTi koNa - ___ akabara kA saMrapAka aura pradhAna parAmarza dAtA rAma khAM vidatA * aura kAvya ke guNoM se vibhUSita thA / lesako va vidvAnoM kA vaha vAya dAtA thA / vaha ziyAmata ko mAnane vAlA thA / badAmI likhatA hai 1 ki-" buddhimattA, udAratA, nikapaTatA, svabhAva kI bacchAI, For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #61
akabara kI dhArmika nIti 43 .. adhInatA aura namratA meM vaha saba se Age thA / vaha daravezoM kA mitra thA, aura svayam bahuta dhArmika aura neka irAdoM kA manuSya thA / 4 vUljale hega kA bhI kahanA hai ki buddhimattA, udAratA, niSkapaTatA, sada pravRtti, AjJAkAritA evaM vinamratA meM vaha sarvopari thA / bakabara para apane saMraka ke udAra vicAroM kA bahuta prabhAva par3A / berAma lAM ne hI akabara kI zikSA ke liye suyogya, udAra vicAra vAle va susaMskRta vidvAna abduSTa - latIpha ko niyukta kiyA / abdula latIpha apane dhArmika mAcha meM itanA udAra thA ki apanI janma bhUmi phArasa meM loga use sunnI kahate the aura uttarI bhArata meM yahAM adhika sunnI use ziyA samajhate the| itanA mahAna hote hue bhI yadyapi vaha akabara ko par3hAne meM asamartha rahA kintu usane akabara kI jo suha ra kula kA pATha par3hAyA use akabara AjIvana nahIM mUlA / suTa ha e kula arthAta sarvajanita zAnti ke pATha se akabara ne samajha liyA 0 thA ki yadi sAmrAjya meM zAnti banAye rakhanI hai to dhArmika vicAroM ko udAra banAnA hogA, dhArmika maida bhAvoM ko miTAnA hogA bara hinduoM ko bhI musalamAnoM ke samAna sAmrAjya ke ucca pada para niyukta karanA hogA / 5. rAjapUta kanyAoM se vivAha aura akabara para unakA prabhAva id NO e-ce que cut rAjapUtoM ke prati akabara kA vyavahAra kisI avicArazIla bhAvanA kA pariNAma nahIM thA aura na hI rAjapUtoM kI dhIratA, vIratA, svadeza bhakti aura udAratA ke prati sammAna kA hI pariNAma thA / usakA to yaha vyavahAra eka sunirdhArita nIti kA pariNAma thA aura yaha nIti svalAma, yogyatA kI svIkRti tathA nyAya nIti ke siddhAntoM para AdhArita thI / bArambha meM hI akabara ne yaha anubhava kara liyA thA ki usake 6- Al-Badaoni- Vol. III P. 190. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir * (265) For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #62
akabara kI dhArmika nIti musalamAna anuyAyI tathA karmacArI jo videzI mAr3e ke TaTTU hone ke kAraNa apanI svArtha siddhI se hI mukhyata : prerita hote the, una para pUrI taraha - marosA nahIM kiyA jA sakatA thaa| use yaha bAta spaSTa ho gayI thI ki yadi use bhArata varSa meM apane rAjyAdhikAra ko surakSita rakhanA hai to use / yahIM ke pramukha - pramukha rAjanaitika tatvoM kA sahayoga va samarthana prApta karatA hai bAvazyaka hai / isa taraha apanI parzitA se kabara ne usa tathaya ko hatyAma kara liyA jise samajhane meM usake pitA aura pitA maha ne kI thii| isI nIti kA anusaraNa karate hue usane rAjapUta rAjakanyAoM se vivAha kiye / janavarI 1562 meM akabara phatehapura sIkarI se ajamera ke khAjA mukhnudIna ciztI kI majAra kI yAtrA ke liye gayA / yAtrA ke bAda baba vaha loTA to sAMbhara meM sakA bAra yahAM 6 pharavarI 1562 ko pAra kI rAjakanyA harakU bAI kA vivAha akabara se kara diyA gayA / " bAmera ke rAjA kI dekhA * dekhI bIkAnera, jaisalamera, pAravAr3a, tathA DUMgara-1 pura ke rAja pata rAjyoM ne bhI akabara se vivAha sambandha karake apanI * apanI rAjakanyAoM kI DokhyiAM mugala ratavAsa meM meSI / akabara ne apanI ma rAjapata rAniyoM ko hindu ma tyAga kara - islAma grahaNa karane ke liye bAdhya nahIM kiyA / usane rAjamahala meM hindU rAniyA~ aura unakI sahacariyoM ko unake hindU dharma ke anusAra pUjA - pATha karane, manana cintana karane aura dhArmika saMskAroM ko mAnane kI pUrI svataMtratA de rakhI thI / akabara kI pramukha hindU rAnI, bAmera ke mAramala kI putrI hara bAI ke liye mugala rama meM tulasI kA paudhA lagAyA gayA thA / na rAniyoM ke prabhAva se bakabara sUrya kI upAsanA karatA thA aura kamI-kamI tilA mI lagAtA thA / isa prakAra rAjapata kanyAoM se vivAha karane se eka bAra to akabara ko sAmrAjya meM hinduoM kA sahayoga milA tathA dUsarI 7- Akbamama Voi. II P. P. 154-58. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #63
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti 50 baura ina rAjakanyAoM ne akabara ke dhArmika vicAroM ko prabhAvita kiyA / 6. akabara kA svayam kA udAra dRSTikoNa tathA AdhyAtmika anubhava www.kobatirth.org tmika anubhava huvA | *A akabara ko apane pUrvajoM tathA zikSakoM se to udAra vicAra mile hI .. usake the / isake alAvA usakA svayana kA dRSTikoNa mI udAra thA / hRdaya Wo yaha bhAva aMkurita ho gayA thA ki sabhI vargoM ke dharmo ke logoM kI niHsvArtha sevA se bar3ha kara Izvara ko prasanna karane kA koI anya mArga nahIM hai / 8 usakI dRDha pAraNA thI ki saccA dharmaM vahI hai jisameM varga, jAti, sampradAya vIra raMga rUpa kA maida bhAva nahIM ho usakA vizvAsa thA ki ImAnadArI aura saccAI se apane dharma ke siddhAntoM para calane vAlA vyakti kisI bhI dharma kA mAnane vAlA kyoM na ho, mukti prApta karatA hai / akabara ne apane sainika abhiyAnoM aura yuddhoM ke daurAna bhI anya musaphor3A lima AkramaNakAriyoM ke samAna maMdiroM aura mUrtiyoM ko tor3A nahIM / parAsta narezoM ke sAtha mI abhUtapUrva udAratA kA vyavahAra kiyA isI bIca akabara ko do tIna mAdhyAtmika anubhava bhI hue jinhoMne use aura bhI adhika udAra banA diyA / mArca 1578 mai eka rAtri ko lAhaura ke pAsa AkheTa yAtrA se dhyAna magna avasthA meM apane par3Ava kI aura bhUmi para gira par3A / Izvara saMdeza ^^ mAnakara vaha svayam -- .. isako 6. / 6 isa mahatvapUrNa AdhyAtmika jAgRti bhakti meM sASTAMga par3a gayA se akabara dharma meM sahiSNu aura jasAmpradAyika ho gayA / eka anya sthAna para nakula phajala likhatA hai ki eka devI mAnaMda akabara ke zarIra meM vyApta ho gayA aura paramAtmA ke sAkSAtkAra kI anubhUti se kiraNa phuTI / akabara kA Izvara se pratyakSa samparka ho gayA aura use eka navIna vAghyA10 jahAM yaha ghaTanA ghaTI thI, vahAM para akabara - Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 8- A1n-1-Akbari Vol. III P. P. 449-50. 9- Akba rama Vol. In P. 234-35,37. 10 Akbarnama Yol. III, P. 241-45. For Private And Personal Use Only *

Page #64
akabara kI dhArmika nIti ne eka vizAla bIra vistRta udyAna nirmita karavAyA aura phatehapura sIkarI maiM garIboM aura phakIroM ko eka karor3a rupaye kA sonA, cAMdI, va sikke dAna meM vitarita kiye gaye / 11 AA o co-de isa prakAra ina AdhyAtmika anubhava ne akabara ko bora mI adhika dAna zIla, dhArmika va udAra banA diyA / 7. bhakti Andolana aura sUphI vicAra dhArAvoM kA akabara para prabhAva cv com sede de de de quite a ale ap Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 11 - Muntkhabut - Tamarikh. P. 265. akabara vicAroM aura pa para tatkAlIna bhakti Andolana, vibhinna santoM, bApurvI, phakIroM aura sUphiyoM kI vicAra bArAba kA prabhAva par3A / hindU santoM, bhaktA~, sAdhuboM aura sUphI phakIroM tathA rekhA ne dharma ke bAharI ADambara kI vyartha batalAyA / unhone dhArmika prathAoM bora karma kAnDa kA khanDana kiyA / jIvana aura baritra kI pavitratA ! tathA eka Izvara kI sattA para bala diyaa| akabara kI rAjasabhA meM bhI sUphI vidvAna the jaba akabara sUphI zekha mubAraka vIra usake do pratibhAzAlI putra phaMjI aura abula phajala ke samparka meM AyA taba kaTaTaratA bAre kAnyitA se mukta saMsAra usake sAmane AyA / vaha apane dhArmika vicAroM meM tI atyanta udAra thA hI, sAtha hI sAtha anya dharmoM ke dhArmika vicAroM, vizvAsoM aura rIti rivAjoM ke prati bhI sahAnubhUti rakhatA thA / phaijI svataMtra vicAroM vAlA pratibhAzAlI vidvAna thA / isa liye mugala darabAra meM vaha dharmAdhi kaTaTara mullAboM kA virodhI thA / bakula phajala mI madhya yuga kI dharSitA, saMkIrNatA aura sAmpradAyikatA se UMcA uThA hubA thA / jaba akabara kI upasthiti meM ibAdata khAne meM bhinna bhinna dharmoM kI goSThiyAM aura vAda vivAda hote the to abula phajala inameM sakriya bhAga levA thaa| phaijI aura kula phajala islAmI zAstroM ke apane gahana jJAna kA lAbha uThA kara dhArmika zAstroM ke apane uddharaNa aura tarkoM se dhAnya - For Private And Personal Use Only - 61 *

Page #65
akabara kI dhArmika nIti mullAoM ke tathayoM aura kathanoM ko kATa dete the aura bAdazAha ko pRthavI para sudA kA nAyaba batA kara mullAoM ke hathiyAroM ko kuMThita kara dete the| babula phaja ne apanI bAThomA, tarka aura bojasvI bhAgoM se anudAra sAmpradAyika tatvoM kA virodha kiyaa| isase ruDhivAdI sunnI netA zAhI kA utsAha bhaMga ho gayA / sUphI siddhAntoM ne akabara ke mastika ko udAra vicAroM se mara diyA, ve akabara ko islAma dharma kI saMkIrNatA se ghara le gaye aura usako vivaza kara diyA ki vaha pavitra vAstavikatA kii| loja kreN| 8. akabara kI satyAnveSaNa kI pravRtti - akabara dharmaniSTha aura cintana zIla vyakti thA / vaha satya ko - khojane aura pAne kA icchA thA | Eadaoni says ! From a reane of thankfulness for his past successes, he would sit many a moming alone in prayer and meditation, on a large flat stone of an 011 building which lay near the place in a lonely spot, with his head bent over his chest and gathering the bliss of early hours of daw.12 usane dhI ke pautra meM bahurupatA kA anubhava kiyA vAra vibhinna soM meM satya ko pahacAnane kA prayatna kiyA / jaba kamI vaha samaya pAtA veza badala kara mAga jAtA bora yaugiryo, santoM va sanyAsiyoM ke pAsa chA rahatA tathA sabhI mA~ ke sayoM ko jAnane kA prayAsa karatA, usake hRdaya meM bAra bAra yaha savAla uThA karatA thA ki jisake liye logoM meM itanA bAndolana ho rahA hai vaha dharma kyA cIja hai ? aura usakA vAstavika tatva kyA hai| 12 - A1- badaoni Trans. by .. Love Vol. IT !. 203, Agn-1-Akbari Vol. I Trans, by 11.Blochmam second edition P. 179. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #66
akabara kI dhArmika nIti vAta jIvana vIra mRtyu ke gar3ha rahasyoM ko bhI jAnane kA prayAsa karatA thaa| yauvana ke bArampa se hI akabara jAnanA cAhatA thA ki Izvara aura manuSya kA kyA sambandha hai ? bAra isa viSaya ke samasta prazna kyA kyA hai ? vaha kahatA thA" darzana zAstrI kA muka para jAkA sA asara hotA hai ki banya saba bAtoM ko chor3a kara meM isa vicAra kI bora phaka jAtA cAra muphe bAvazyaka kAmA~ kI apekSA karanI par3e / "1 akabara kA - vicAra zIla mana kamI pI yaha svIkAra karane ko taiyAra nahI thA ki.. kevara islAma dharma hI saccA kI hai| usakI isa jijJAsu bAra satyAnvegaNa kI vRtti, usake gahana vAdhyAtmika cintana aura manana tathA usakI ! navIna vidhAra pArAvoM ne use isa niSkarga para lA diyAki prema, udAratA kyA va sahiSNutA ke siddhAnta hI satya ke tatva hai, abula phaLa likhatA ki jIvana bhara usakI khoja bIna kA yaha parigAma nA ki akabara vizvAsa karane lagA thA ki sabhI mA~ maiM samajha pAra loga hote hai aura ve svataMtra vicAraka mI hote hai ------ satya sabhI pA meM hai vo yaha samajhanA mula ki saccAI sirpha islAma thIM taka hai jaba ki ilAma dharma apekSA vRta navIna jisakI Ayu kevala hajAra varNa kI hI hogI 14 // akabara ko vizvAsa ho gayA thA ki vivitha thA tathA sampradAyoM se pare: hue usake vizAla sAmAjya meM prema, udAratA, va sahiSNutA ke siddhAnta hI zAnti lA sakate hai| 6. akabara kA hindu adhikAriyoM se samparka bAra unakA prabhAva - - - - - - - akabara kI rAjasabhA aura prazAsana meM va sainA meM aneka hindU vikArI aura senAnAyaka the / rAjapUto kA to yaha samajho ki usake sAmrAjya ke 13. Ain-1-Akbari Vol. III Trans, by 8.5. Jarrett,P.433 1+ Ain-1-Akbarn Vol. I P. 179. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #67
akra kI dhArmika nIti stamma the / bhagavanta dAsa, mAnasiMha, ToDaramala, bIrabala, jAnnAtha kAvAha, pArdhAsiha bAdi inameM pramukha the / mAnasiMha akabara ke senApatiyoM meM pramukha thA tathA akabara ke darabAra ke navarA meM se eka / vRndAvana meM usane ko govinda deva kA maMdira banavAyA vaha usakI dhaniSThA kA jvalanta udAharaNa hai| prazAsana meM usane akabara ko udAra nIti apanAne kA parAmarza diyA / aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki bajyiA tathA vanya avAMzIya karoM kI samApti karavAne meM mAnasiMha kA hAtha thA / isI taraha ToDaramala mI bar3A hI pratibhAvAna aura dharmaniSTha vyakti thA / vaha hindU dharma kA kaTaTarI anuyAyI thA / madhya yuga ke musalima zAsana meM UMce pada para rahate hue vAra darabAra meM mahatva zAlI kArya karate hue pI ToDara maru nai apane hindU dharma ko apanAye rakhA, apane pUjA - pATha, mAna cintana, dhArmika mAcAra - vicAra Adi ko banAye rakhA / bIraka akabara kA ananya mitra, atyadhika kRpApAtra, parAmarza dAtA caura sAthI thA / badAyUMnI va maulAnA muhammada husaina bAdi itihAsa kAra mAnate hai ki akabara bIrakala ke prabhAva se hI sUrya / ke prati zraddhA aura sammAna prakaTa karane lagA thA / isI prakAra jagannAtha - kachavAhA tathA bhagavanta dAsa Adi hinduoM ne bhI akabara ke vicAroM ko prabhAvita kiyA / i-na hinduoM ne na to apanA dharma zer3A aura na hI rIti - rivAja, balki akabara ko apane meM se prabhAvita kiyA / akabara para to hinduoM ke dhArmika vicAroM kA prabhAva par3anA svAbhAvika hI thA.! kyoMki hindu to usake cAroM aura isa prakAra the jaise ki zvAsa * vAyu / / 10 akabara kI rAjanaitika mahatvAkAMkSAra - jisa samaya akabara gadadI para baiThA usa samaya sArA rAjya asaMgaThita va avyavasthita thA / usake pAsa koI sthAI senA bhI nahIM thii| akabara kI mahatvAkAMtA ka susaMgaThita, suvyavasthita va sthAI rAjya sthApita karane kI thI / bAla phajala ke anusAra akabara kI vijaya nIti kA uhaGya sthAnIya : For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #68
kd G.E.O. sNn jii zAsakoM ke niraMkuza zAsana se pIr3ita prajA ko sukha, zAnti bAra surakSA pradAna karatA thA / prAcIna hindU AdarzoM se prerita hokara akabara bhI * sampUrNa deza ko rAjanaitika dRSTi se ska sUtra meM bAMdhane aura prajAjana ko mukha * zAMtitAthA surakSA pradAna karane kI bora prayatna zIla huvA / isake liye usane anubhava kara liyA thA ki jaba taka vibhinna mAM, sampradAyoM aura vagAA~ ke logoM ko ska sUtra meM nahIM bAMdhA jAyegA, taba taka usakA rAjya ir3ha aura sthAyI nahI ho sakegA / use rAjapUtoM va anya hinduoM ke sahayoga kI AvazyakatA thI / isa liye usane rAjapA se vAhika sambandha sthApita kiye / " senA aura zAsana vibhAga ke bar3e bar3e pada tukoM ke samAna hI * hinduoM ko bhI milane lage / darabAra meM hindU * musalamAna saba barAbara - barAbara dikhAI dene lage / " 15 ataeva akabara ko rAjanaitika mahatvAkAMsAAoM kI pUrti ke liye aisI udAratA pUrNa, guNa grAhaka sahiSNunI vi apanAne ke liye bAdhya honA par3A jisase kisI dharma yA sampradAya ko peTa na phuNce| 11. ibAdata khAne meM islAma dharma kekaTTara netAoM aura ulmAoM ke patita caritra kA nagna pradarzana bAra akabara para unakA prabhAva - Rav5 meM akabara ne phatehapura sIkarI meM ska bahuta bar3hiyAM mArata banavAI aura usakA nAma ibAdata khAnA athavA pUjA para rakhA gayA / mohammada saina likhate hai ki yaha vAstava meM vahI korI thI, jisameM zekha salIma - ciztI ke purAne ziSya vIra sakta zaikha abdulA niyAjI sarahindI ksiI samaya svAntavAsa kiyA karate the / usake vArI aura bar3I - bar3I imArate banAkara use bar3hAyA / " 16 pratyeka jumA zukravAra kI namAja ke uparAnta zekha salIma ciztI kI sAnakAha se bAkAra isI naI sAnakAta meM darabAra sAsa hotA thA / badAnI likhatA hai ki -" usane / ( bakavara ) san 1575 60 meM phatehapura sIkarI meM nirmita ibAdata khAne meM islAma ke prasiddha vidvAnoM, 15. barI darabAra hindI anuvAdaka : rAmacandra vA pallA bhAga 10120 // " akabarI darabAra hindI anuvAdaka, rAmacandra varmA pahalA mAga pR0 7. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #69
makabara kI dhArmika nIti zekho, mauraviyoM, muphtiyA~ vAdi ko thAmika vicAra vimarza bora vAda vivAda ke liye AmaMtrita kiyA, jisase vaha ilAma dharma kA adhika ThIka jJAta prApta kara sakeM / " 17 bahuta bar3e bar3e vidvAna maulavI vAdi tathA kucha thor3e se unai hue musAhava vahAM rahate the / inameM makhadUma - ula - mula, babdunnabI, kAjI yAkUba, mullA, badAyUMnI bAjI ibrAhIma, zekha mubAraka, bakucha phakA kAjI lAluddIna vAdi pramukha the / isa ibAdata khAne meM Izvara aura dharma - sasvandhI bAte hotI thI / parantu vidvAnoM kI maNDalI bhI kucha lisaNa! huA karatI hai / vahAM dhArmika vAda vivAda to pIhe hoge, pAche chana / ke sambandha meM hI kagar3e hone lage ki amuka mujha se Upara kyoM ThA hai aura meM usase nIce kyA~ kAyA gayA ? isa liye isa sambandha meM yaha niyama nA! kI amIra loga pUrva kI ora, saiyada loga pazcima kI bora, vidAna baadi| dapiAga kI vIra tathA tyAgI ta phakIra jAdi uttara kI aura baiThe 118 pratyeka zukravAra kI rAta ko bAdazAha isa sabhA meM svayam jAtA thA / vaha vahAM ke sabhA sadA se vAtAlApa karatA thA aura naI - kaI bAtoM se apanA jJAna bhaNDAra bar3hAtA thA / para bar3e dukha kI bAta hai ki jaba masajidoM ke mUrkhA ko bar3hiyA baDhiyA pojana milane lage aura unake hausale bar3hakara unakI hajjata hone lagI taba unakI bAtoM para carvI za gaI / saba vApasa meM jhagar3ane lage / pahale to kevala kolAhala hotA thA, phira upadrava bhI hone lge| akabara ke darabAra meM rahane vAlA kaTaTara musalamAna badAnI yasai sabhA meM baiThane vAle maulaviyoM meM jo phagar3A hotA thA usake liye likhatA hai ki -" bAdazAha apanA bahuta jyAdA vakta bAvata khAne meM zakho bAra vidvAnoM kI saMgati meM raha kara gujAratA thA / khAsa taura para zukravAra kI rAta meM - jisameM vaha rAta bhara jAgatA rahatA thA * kisI mukhya tatva kI yA kisI anAntara viNa kI carcA karane meM nimagna rahatA thA / usa samaya vidvAna 1 aura zeja, pArasparika virudaukti aura mukAbilA karane kI raNa * bhUmi 178A-Badao 1 Trans. by healtore.vod.In...20arriom For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #70
akabara kI dhArmika nIti maiM apanI bIma rUpI talavAra kA upayoga karate the / pA samarthana kAroM meM itanA vitaMDAvAda khar3A ho jAtA thA ki, ska padA vAlA isare patA vAle ko bevakUpha aura DhogI batAne laga jAtA thA / "18 ina vAda - vivAda aura dhArmika carcAvoM ke daurAna ina vidvAnoM kI saMkIrNatA, abhadratA tathA vakAra kA nagna nRtya prArambha havA / sa vidvAna kisI bAta ko halAla kahatA thA to isarA usI ko harAma pramANita kara detA! thA / ve svayam akabara kI upasthiti meM hI bApe se bAhara ho jAte the| aura paraspara eka dUsare ko kAphira batalAte the / abula - phaka aura phaijI mI A gaye the / tathA darabAra meM unake padApAtI pI utpanna ho gaye the / ye loga ska dUsare ke kAmoM kI pola kholate the, beImAniyoM ke baneka kisse sunAte the, jaise pIna - ijiyoM bAra vidvAnoM ko dAna meM dI gayI rakama ke viSaya meM makhadUma * ula - mulka kI mAnI, badunnabI para hatyA karane kA Aropa bAdi / pratyeka vidvAna kI yahI icchA thI ki jo kucha meM kaha usI ko saba brasa vAzya mAne / jo jarA bhI cI capar3ha karatA thA usake liye kAphira hone kA phatavA rakhA huA thA / kurAna kI vAyate aura kahAvale saba ke tarka kA AdhAra thIM / purAne vidvAnoM ke diye hue jo phatave apane matalaba ke hote the, unheM bhI ve kurAna kIvAyatoM ke samAna hI pramANika batalAte the / "vidvAnoM kI yaha dazA thI ki bAtoM kI talavAre lIna kara pila par3ate the, kTa marate the aura vApasa meM tarka vitarka tathA vAda - vivAda karake eka dUsare ko pUrI taraha se dabAne kA hI prayatna karate the / zaila sadara bora makhadUma - ula - mulka kI to yaha dazA thI ki vApasa meM gutthama gutthA taka kara baiThate the / " 16. badAyUnI 18 * AL-bndaoni Trans. by ki.Love Vol. II P. 262. 16 akabarI darabAra hindI anuvAda rAmacandra varmA pahalA bhAga pR075-76 . ..+ + + + + + + + + For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #71
akabara kI dhArmika nIti pI likhatA hai ki vAda vivAda ke samaya" eka rAta usa samaya ulmAoM kii| gardanoM kI nase phUla gayoM aura ska bhayAnaka zora guru aura kolAhala maca gayA samrATa akbara inake aziSTa vyavahAra para bar3A hI kodhita huA / "20 / ina netAoM ke aise saMkI gaM, kaTaTara pana, svArtha aura patita caritra se akabara ko atyadhika dAma huvA usane samajha liyA ki satya kI khoja unake ksa kI bAta nahIM / ka kI hI nIMva khodane vAle aise mullAoM se use svabhAvata: hi hone lagI aura vaha ziyA - sunnI, hanaphI - zaphI ke phagar3oM se mukta dharma ko sthApita karane ko vAtura ho uThA / 12 vibhinna kAcAryoM se akabara kA samparka aura unakA prabhAva - ibAdata khAne meM islAma dharma ke kaTaTara naitAoM aura ullAoM ke patita caritra se kaTaTara haslAma meM akabara kA vizvAsa hila gayA thA / kayAmata ke islAmI siddhAntoM ko usane mAnane se inkAra kara diyA aura islAma kI bAta to usane eka ora hI rakha dI / use yaha vizvAsa hI nahIM hotA thA ki koI svarga kele jAtA hai ? yahAM se lambI bAtacIta karake itanI jaldI / vApisa vA jAve ki usakA vistara garama kA garama mile / aba usane ibAdata-: khAne ke vdAra dUsare dharma - sampradAyoM se hindU, jaina, pArasI, haMsAI, ke liye bhI khola diye / yapi hamAdata khAne meM dhArmika vicAra - vimarza hote hI rahe kintu akabara ne anya martI bora sampradAyoM ke vidvAnoM ko bulA kara nIji baiThaka Ayojita karanI bArambha kara dii| isase vidvAna loga bar3I hI: gambhIratA aura zAnti se dharma carcA karate the / usase akabara ko bahuta Ananda ! ftat att l Abil razal Says :" The Shaban shah's Court became the home of Inquirers of the seven claims, and the 20 - AL-Badaon1 "rens. by N.H. Love Val. II P. 205. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #72
akabara kI dhArmika nIti assemblage of the wise of every religion and sect."21. hindU, jaina, IsAI, sikha Adi dharmAcAyoM auratoM ne akabara ke sAmane apane apane dharma ke zreSTha siddhAntoM kA pratipAdana kiyA / hindU dharmane akabara ko atyadhika prabhAvIta kiyA / hindU vidvAnoM meM puruSo aura devI pramukha the / rAtri ke samaya ye loga bAdazAha zayana kakSa ke karokhoM ke samIpa upasthita hote the aura yahAM hindU dharmaM siddhAntoM kI vizada vyAkhyA karate the| devI ne karma tathA purnajanma kA rahasya batAyA / inake prabhAva se akabara AtmA ke AvAgamana meM vizvAsa rakhane lagA thA / hinduoM ke devI devatAoM aura avatAroM ke prati vaha vizvAsa karane lagA thA / badAyUMnI lihatA hai ki " sAta nakSatra saptAha ke pratyeka cina se sambandhita hote hai / inameM se pratyeka ke raMga ke anusAra akabara ne usa dina ke pahanane ke liye apanI veza jainAcArya sIravijaya sUri, vijaya sena sUri tathA jina candrasUri ne akabara ko jaina dharma ke siddhAntoM kI ora AkarSita kiyA / inake prabhAva se akabara ne piMjar3e maiM bandha pakSiyoM ko mukta kara diyA / kucha samaya ke liye pazuoM kA vadha aura AkheTa banda kara diyA tathA mAMsa khAnA bhI tyAga diyA / Smith says: He cared little - bhUSA banavAI thI 22 mAnucandra upAdhyAya for flesh food, and gave up the use of it almost entir ely in the later years of his life, when he came under Jain influence."23 akabara '' 'jaba apane bartAva meM itanA parivartana kara diyA thA taba isase yaha pariNAma nikAlanA kyA burA hai ki usake dayA samvandhi vicAra bahuta hI ucca koTi para pahuMca gaye the / akabara kA kahanA thA ki 21 Akbarnama Trans, by H.Beveridge Vol. III P. 366. 22- AL-Badaoni Trans, by W.H.Lowe Vol. II P. 268. 23 Smith Akbar the great Mosul Po 335 For Private And Personal Use Only 59

Page #73
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti www.kobatirth.org The world of existence is amenable only to kindness. No living creature deserves rejection." 25. -Q pArasI dharmAcArya maiharajIrANA ne sUrya vIra vagni kI upAsanA kI zreSTha batalAyA / isase prabhAvita hokara akabara ne sUrya va agni kI pUjA prArambha kara dI / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir isAiyoM ke prabhAta se akabara IsAI girajAghara meM jAkara ghuTane Teka kara va hAtha jor3a kara prArthanA karatA thA / pAdariyoM dvArA sampAdita IsAI dhArmika vidhiyoM aura samArohoM meM sammilita hotA thA / IsAI pAdariyoM ke prati vaha itanA adhika udAra ho gayA thA ki vaha unheM Arthika sahAyatA bhI detA thA / sikkha guruoM ke prabhAva se akabara ne sikhoM ke Adi grantha kI bahuta prazaMsA kI aura paMjAba meM vRSakoM kA lagAna mApha kara diyA / isa prakAra ina vibhinna dharmAcAryoM ne akabara ke dhArmika vicAroM ko udAra banAne meM sahayoga diyA / vibhinna pA~ca kA akabara para jo prabhAva par3A usakA vistRta varNana Age ke liye chor3akara yahAM uparokta varNana hai bAdhAra para itanA hI ki ina vibhinna dharmoM ke AcAryoM aura vijJAnoM ke vdArA akabara isa niSkarNaM para pahuMcA ki sabhI dharmoM maiM acchI aura satya kAte hai | isase akabara kI dhArmika nIti meM eka navIna badhyAya prArambha huA / usane utkAlIna dharmo ke doSoM ko dUra kara eka vyApaka samanvayavAdI dharma sthApita karane kA nizcaya kiyA I / -) 60 -3 For Private And Personal Use Only 24- Ain-1-Akbari Trans. by .S.Jarrett. Vol. III. P. 429.

Page #74
dharmika nIti kA Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir vikAsa ( khutabA par3hane se pUrva san 1576 taka ) For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #75
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara .. kI dhArmika nIti -- akabara ke prArambhika dhArmika vicAra - vnnn ss ----- 1 dhArmika nIti kA vikAsa ( khutabA par3hane se pUrva san 1576 taka ) v de vie nodo abakara 1556 meM siMhAsana para baiThA / 1556 se 1562 taka vaha sacce musalamAna zAsaka ke samAna thA / maulAnA muhammada husaina likhate hai ki ThAra bIsa barasa taka ko usakI yaha dazA thI ki vaha musalamAnI dharmaM kI AjJAoM ko usI prakAra zraddhA pUrvaka sunatA thA jisa prakAra koI sodha sAdhA dharmaniSTha musalamAna sunA karatA hai aura una saba dhArmika bAjJAoM kA vaha sacce dila se pAlana karatA thA / 1 siMhAsanArohaNa ke prAraMbhika kAla meM to saba ke sAtha mila kara namAja par3hatA yA svayam ajAna detA masajida maiM apane hAtha se phAr3U lagAtA thA, bar3e maulaviyoM kA bahuta Adara karatA thA, unake ghara jAtA unameM se kucha ke sAmane kamI kamI unakI jUtiyAM taka sIdhI karake rakha detA thaa| vaha - sAmrAjya ke mukadamoM kA nirNaya zaraba aura mullAoM ke phatave ke anusAra kiyA karatA thA, phakIroM aura zekhoM ke sAtha bahuta hI niSThA pUrvaka - vyavahAra kiyA karatA thA aura unakI kRpA tathA ArzIvAda se ThAma uThAyA karatA thA / bar3e kullAoM aura 21T, thA, - www.kobatirth.org - akavarI muhammada husaina likhate hai ki ajamera meM, jahAM svAjA muinuddIna ciztI kI daragAha hai, bakabara prati varNaM jAyA karatA thA / yadi koI yuddha athavA aura koI AkAMkSA hotI yA saMyoga vaza usa mArga se jAnA hotA, to varSa ke bIca maiM bhI vahAM jAtA thA / eka par3Ava pahale se hI paidala barane lagatA thA / kucha mannateM aisI bhI huI jinameM phatahapura yA Agare - - Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir * For Private And Personal Use Only darabAra hindI anuvAdaka rAmacandra jama pahalA mAga pRSTha 67. 61 -

Page #76
akabara kI dhArmika nIti 68 se hI aaura taka paidala gayA / vahAM jAkara daragAha meM parikramA karatA thA aura hajAroM lAkhoM rupayoM ke dAve aura meTe car3hAtA thA / paharI sacce / dila se dhyAna kyiA karatA thA aura dila kI murAI mAMgatA thA / - phakIrI vAdi ke pAsa tA thA, niSThA pUrvaka unake upadeza sunavA thA / Izvara ke majana aura carcA meM samaya bitAtA thA / dharma saMmvandhi bAta sunatA thA aura dhArmika viNaryA kI zanabIna karatA thA / vidvAnoM, garIboM phakIrI bAdi ko dhana - sAmagrI aura jAgIra bAdi diyA karatA thaa| jisa samaya kavvAla loga dhArmika gajaLe gAte the, usa samaya vahAM rupoM aura bazaphiryA Adi kI vAM hotI thI / " yA hAdI "yA muIna" kA pATha dahI se sIkhA thA / para ma hasakA japa kyiA karatA thA aura saba ko bAzA thI ki isI kA japa karate rahe / "2 tatkAlIna itihAsa ! lekhaka badAmI ke anusAra pI hameM patA calatA hai ki abara dina meM na kevala pAMca bAra namAja hI par3hatA thA balki vaha rAjya, dhana - daulata aura mAna * pratiSThA pradAna karane kI bhagavAna kI apAra anukampA ke prati - kRtajJatA prakaTa karane ke nimitta pratidina prAta: kAla Izvara kA cintana - karatA thA aura" yA - ( yA - hAdI" kA ThIka musalamAnI DhaMga se uccAraNa karatA thA / " 3 vaha musalamAna dhArmika puruoM kA satsaMga lAma karatA thA aura pratyeka varSa ajamera meM svAjA muinahIna piztI kI daragavAha kI pakti - mAva se yAtrA karatA thA / vaha islAma kA pakkA anuyAyI thA aura islAma kI burAI yA nindA karane vAloM ko kaThora daNDa bhI detA thA / makkA madInA kI tIrtha yAtrA meM vizvAsa karatA thA: aura apane parivAra ke sadA tathA sambandhioM ko rAjakIya vyaya se haja ke liye bhejatA thaa| 2 ambarI-darabAra hindI anuvAdaka -rAmacandra varmA pallA bhAga pR068 3 - Al-Badacn1 Trans, by K.H. Lowe Vol. II P. 203. 6 + For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #77
akabara kI dhArmika nIti + + + + + + + + + + + + + + akabara ne masajidoM kA nirmANa karavAyA aura hinduoM se jajiyA tathA yAtrA kara bhI vasUla kiye / yadyapi isa avadhi meM akabara madhya yuga ke sacce musalamAna samrATa kA pratisapa thA, kintu vaha kaTaTara aura mAnya nahIM vA aura na hI usane hinduoM para dhArmika atyAcAra kiye kyoki pAki kaTaTaratA ke liye to vaha svabhAvata: pratilAla thA / 1551 taka use koI dhArmika sudhAra nahIM kiye kyoki zAsana prabandha pUrNa rUpa se barAma khAM adhIna thA / isa liye vaha dhArmika kArya karane aura nIti apanAne ke liye svataMtra nahIM thA / jaise jaise usake sAmrAjya kA vistAra hotA gayA usakA dhArmika vizvAsa mI dina para dina bar3hatA gayA / zekha salIma ciztI ke kAraNa vaha prAya: phatahapura meM rahatA thA / mI se alaga pAsa hI eka purAnI sI koTharI thI usake pAsa patthara kI kasila par3I thI, vahAM tAroM kI zaMva meM akelA jAtA thA / pramAta kA samaya IzvarArApana meM lagAtA thA, vahuta hI nabhRtA aura dInatA se japa karatA thA tathA Izvara se ivAra mAgatA thA / logoM ke sAtha bhI prAya: pArmikatA aura bAsti -katA kI hI bAta karatA thA / yahIM se usakI dhArmika nIti kA vikAsa ! prArambha hotA hai| dhArmika nIti ke vikAsa kA kramika varNana - Don - - - -- akabara satya dharma ko jAnane kA haka thA aura hindU - musalima peda - mAva miTAnA cAhatA thA isake liye usane jo udAra dhArmika nIti apanAI usakA kamika vikAsa isa prakAra se hai - rAjapUta rAjakanyAoM se vivAha : san 1532 IsvI ke janavarI mahine 6 akabara khvAjA muinudIna - ciztI kI yAtrA ke liye bagara gyaa| rAste meM pausA gAMva meM varSa ( jayapura kI purAnI rAjadhAnI ) ke rAjA vihArImala ne apanI bar3I rur3akI haraphU bAI ko akabara ke sAtha vyAha denA svIkAra kara liyaa| For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #78
akabara kI dhArmika nIti bakabara aura se sIthA vAgarA gayA aura yahAM se vApisa vAkara sAMbhara meM usane 6 pharavarI 1562 ko harakU bAI se vivAha kara liyA / hindU - lar3akI ke sAtha yaha usakA patilA hI vyAha huvA thA / isake bAda anya rAjapUta rAjakanyAoM se bhI usake vivAha hura / ina vivAha se makabara ke zAsana aura dhArmika nIti meM parivartana huvA / M - jAti aura vaMza ke meva - pAva ko miTA kara hindU - musalima kaTatA ko pUrA karane kI nIti yahIM se prArambha hotI hai / rAjapA aura mugaloM ke pArasparika saMgharSa kA to anta hone hI lagA thA para akabara bhI hindU rAniyoM ke prabhAva se hindU pI kI bora nAkRSTa huvA / usane apanI rAniyoM ko vArmika saMsArI, vidhiyoM para pUjA pATha karane kI svataMtratA de dii| 2 - bAdhyAtmika cetanA kA upaya - sana 1562 - meM hI yAni jaba akabara bIsa varSa kA huvA taba prajA kI asI hAlata jAnane ke liye usane phakIrA bora sAdhu - santA kA sahavAsa karatA zuru kiyA / yaha ThIka bhI hai ki niSpA, tyAgI phakIroM vIra sAdhuoM ke jariye prajA kI usakI hAlata bacchI taraha se pAluma ho sakatI hai| sAdhuoM se mila kara jaise vaha prajA kI vasalI hAlata jAnane kI koziza karatA thA vaise hI vaha AtmA kI unnati ke - sAnoM kA mI anveSaNa karatA thA / akabara ne kahA hai ki -" on the Completion of my trentieth year, I experienced and inte ernal bitterness & from the lack of spiritual provisiem for my last joumoy, my soul mi seiged with exceeding sorrow isa taraha bIsa varSa kI Ayu pUrI karane para, yaha soca kara ki paraloka yAtrA ke liye dhArmika jIvana nahIM bitAyA use atyadhika du:kha tvA / isI samaya use eka bAra AdhyAtmika anubhava huvA / vaha kahatA hai ki * +Ain-1-Akbari Prans. byi.s. Jarrett Vol. III P. 4333 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #79
akabara kI dhArmika nIti One night my heart was weary of the burden of 1110, when suddenly between sleeping and waking a strange vision appeared to me, & my spirit was some what comforted."5 ina vicAroM se usake hadaya meM yaha mAva kurita ho gayA ki jAti dharma rahana - sahana ke bheda - bhAva kA vicAra kiye binA sabhI vaga ke logoM kI ni:svArtha sevA se bar3hakara Izvara ko prasanna karane kA anya koI mArga nahIM hai| 3 - yuddha bandiyoM ko musalamAna banAne kA nirNadha : akabara kI isa navIna nAvanA kA prathama Thosa pariNAma yaha huvA : hai ki usane apane bIsave janma dina ( 10 apraila 166260 ) ko skanavIna AzA prasArita kI, jisake anusAra yuddha vandhiyoM ko gulAma banAne / tathA unheM bala pUrvaka islAma svIkAra karAne kI manAhI kara dI gayI / isase pare vijIta senAra logoM ke strI - baccoM ko dAsa banA liyA * karatI thI / bandI hindU sainikoM kI pattiyAM, baccoM aura sambhavanthiyoM kA upayoga karane ke liye inheM musalima adhikAriyoM ko sauMpa diyA jAtA thA / yaha prathA isalAma dhamAMnumodita mAnI jAtI thI / bAdazAha nai / Izvara - bhakti se aura dUradarzitA tathA sAsada vicAra se prerita hokara nAdeza diyA ki usake sAmrAjya se vijayI senA kA koI sanika aisA kAma nahI karegA / sainika nAI zeTA ho yA bar3A usako kisI ko kamI dAsa banAne kA adhikAra nahIM thA / abula phajala likhatA hai ki bAdazAha ne samajhA ki striyoM aura niraparAtha baccoM ko daNDa denA anyAya hai / yadi puruSa pRSTatA kA mArga grahaNa karate hai to isameM unakI patniyoM kA kyA doNa hai| yadi pitA bAdazAha kA virodha karate hai to unake baccoM 5- A1n-1-Akbari Trans. by H.s. varrstt. Vol. II P.435 6- Akbamana Vol. II. P.P. 159-60. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #80
akAra kI dhArmika nati + + nai kyA aparAtha kiyA hai / isake atirikta sainika loga soma vaza gAMvoM ko AmaNa karake lUTa liyA karate the / jaba isa viSaya meM Adeza diyA gayA to yaha prathA banda huI / 7 isa prakAra yuddha vandiyoM ko svataMtratA pUrvaka apane ghara aura parivAra vAloM ke pAsa jAne kI anumati de dI gayI 4 tIrtha - yAtrA kara kA niSedha - bhArata varSa meM zAsaka loga una hinduoM se kara liyA karate the, jo / pavitra sthAnoM kI yAtrA karane ke liye jAte the / yaha kara yAtriyoM ke dhana aura pada ke anusAra liyA jAtA thA aura karmI kalAtA thA / anula phajA ke anusAra isase karor3oM rupayoM kI bAmadanI hotI thI / san 1563 meM akabara cItA ke zikAra ke liye mathurA gayA / jaba vaha apane kaimpa meM thA to use batAyA gayA ki jo hindU yAtrI yahAM jAte haiM unase yAtrA kara liyA jAtA hai aura yaha tIrtha yAtrA kara athavA kI hinduoM ke sabhI pavitra sthAnoM para tIrtha yAtriyoM se liyA jAtA hai / yaha anukti aura banyAya yukta thA / akabara ne anubhava kiyA ki hinduoM kI bArAthanA - karane ke DhaMga para unamai ghana mAMganA yA unakI vArAthanA meM rUkAvaTa DAlanA anucita hai / bAdazAha ne apanI buddhimattA aura udAratA se prerita hokara yala kara banda kara diyA / usane samajhA ki isa prakAra kA saMgraha karatA - pApa hai / akalara ne kahA" jo loga apane sRjanakartA Izvara kI pUjA ke liye tIrtha sthAnoM para ekatrita hote haiM, unase kara vasUla karanA Izvara kI icchA ke sarvathA viruddha hai, cAhe unakI pUjA kI vidhI pRthaka hI kyoM na ho / phala svarUpa akabara ne apane sampUrNa sAmrAjya meM tIrtha - yAtrA kara vasUra na karane ke Adeza prasArita kara piye|"8 pichale samaya meM loma yA * - - - - - - - * * * * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 akabara nAmA - hindI anuvAdaka - mathurAlAla zarmA pRSTha 221 8 . Akhamama. Vol. II. 190. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #81
akabara kI dhArmika nIti yA kaTaTaratA ke kAraNa zAsaka loga Izvara ke bhaktoM se ssA kara lete the / bala phajala likhatA hai ki"bAdazAha prAya : kahA karatA thA ki cAhe koI galata dharma ke mArga para calatA ho parantu yaha kauna jAnatA hai ki - usakA mArga galata hI hai / aise vyakti ke mArga meM bAdhA utpanna karanA ucita nahIM hai|" tIrtha - yAtrA kara kI samApti akabara kI dhArmika udAratA vIra sahiSNutA kA jvalanta udAharaNa hai / karor3oM rupayoM kI bAya hone para bhI usane kevala apanI dhArmika sahiSNutA ke kAraNa ise samApta kara diyA / 5 jajiyA kara kA unmUlana * jajiyA kI utpatti bhArata meM laba se huI ? isakA yathapi nizci samaya nirdhArita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai tathApi kucha vidvAnoM kA kahanA hai ki AThavIM zatAbdI meM musalamAna bAdazAha kAsima ne bhAratIya prayA para yaha kara lagAyA thA / pati to usane Aya prajA ko salAma grahaNa karane ke liye vivaza kiyA / Arya prajA ne aTa dhana - daulata dekara * apane vArya dharma kI rakSA kI / phira hara sAla . hI vaha prajA se rupayA vasUla karane lagA, prati varNa jo dRvya kama kiyA jAtA thA, usakA nAma: jajiyA thA / kucha kAla pazcAt yahAM taka hukma jArI ho gaye the ki vArya prajA ke pAsa khAne pIne ke bAda jo zeNa dhana mAla bace vaha sabhI jajiyA ke sapa se khajAne meM dAkhila karavA diyA jAye / phariztA ke zabdoM maiM kaheM to" mRtyu tulya daNDa denA hI jiyA kA udezya thA / ssA daNDa dekara pI Arya va prajA ne apane dharma kI rakSA kI thI / smitha ne isa kara ke bAre meM likhA hai ki - "The Tex nad been originausi 6 bakarabaranAmA - hindI anuvAdaka mathurAlAla zamAM pRSTha 242 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #82
aksara kI dhArmika nIti 6 institutiod by the Khalif Omar. who fixed it in three gradee of 48, 24 and 12 dirhams respectively." 10 isavI sana kI caudahavI aura pandrahavI zatAbdI meM mI phiroja zAha - tugalaka ne kAnUna banAyA thA ki gRhasthoM ke gharoM meM jitane bAliMga manuSya ho unase prati vyakti dhaniyA~ se 40 sAmAnya sthiti vAlI se 20 aura garIbI se 10 TAMka jajiyA prati varSa liyA jAya / bAge pI yAni jisa solamvI zatAbdI kI hama bAta kahanA cAhate hai usameM bhI yaha jajyiA - mojuda thA / yaha kara hindU dharma para islAma kI zreSThatA ko pradarzita krtaa| thA jo hinduoM ke liye lajjA janaka thA / siMhAsana para baiThate hI pahale varNa akabara ke mana meM jajiyA mApha kara dene kA vivAra uThA thA / para usa samaya usakI yuvAvasthA thI / kucha jo lAparavAhI aura kucha adhikAra ke abhAva ke ke kAraNa usa samaya kara samApta na ho skaa| 1562 meM akabara ke hAtha meM sarva sattA A gayI thI / ata: akabara ne sarvasvIkRta islAmI rivArSA kI upekSA karake musalamAna maMtriyoM aura padAdhikAriyoM tathA kaTaTara musalima netAoM va unmAoM ke kar3e virodha ke ! bAvajUda 15 mArca 1564 ko jajiyA kara kI samApti ke Adeza prasArita kAra diye aura sampUrNa sAmrAjya meM jajiyA kara banda kara diyA gayA / 11 bar3e bar3e mullAoM aura maulaviyoM ko isase bar3I lApatti huI lekina akabara ne kahA ki "prAcIna kAla meM isa sambandha meM jo nizcaya huvA thA, usakA kAraNa yaha thA ki una logoM ne apane virodhiyoM kI hatyA karanA aura unheM lUTanA hI adhika upayukta samajhA thA / ---- isI liye unhone kI kara bAMdha diyA aura usakA nAma jajiyA rakha diyA / aba hamAre prajA - pAlaka aura udAratA Adi ke kAraNa dUsare mA~ ke anuyAyI bhI hamAre 10 - Smith ! Akbar the great Mogul. F. 66. 11- Akbarmama, Vol. II P.P. 203-4. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #83
kuchd chii sNjh jiir 60 saru thAmiyoM kI hI bhAMti hamAre sAtha mila kara hamAre liye jAna dete haiM, ve saba prakAra se hamArA palA cAhate haiM aura sadA hamAre liye jAna dene kI taiyAra rahate hai / aisI dazA meM yaha ko ho sakatA hai ki hama unheM apanA -: virodhI samajha kara pratiSThita kareM aura unakA nAza kreN| -- jajiyA ne kA pramukha kAraNa thA ki palle ke sAmrAjyoM kA prabandha karane vAloM ke pAsa thana bAra sAMsArika padArthoM kI kamI rahatI thI aura ve aise upAryA se apanI Aya kI vRddhi karate the / aba rAjakoNa meM hajAroM lAkhoM rupaye par3e hai, palki sAjya kA ska - eka sevaka vArSika dRSTi se vAvazyakatA se adhika sukhI hai| phira vicAra zIla vIra nyAyI manuSya kor3I kor3I cunane ke liye vapatI niyA kyA bigAr3e / eka kalpita lAbha ke liye pratthatA hAni karanA ThIka nahIM bAdi - sAdi bAte kaha kara jajiyA rokA - gayA / " 12 isakI samApti kA samAcAra jaba ghara ghara pahucAM to saba loga akabara ko dhanyavAda dene lage / jarA sI bAta ne logoM ke ki vIra nAnI ko paula le liyA / yadi hajAroM bAdamiyoM kA rakta bahAyA gAtA aura - lAkho vAmiyoM ko gulAma banAyA jAtA to bhI yaha bAta nahI ho sakatI thI / u phala milatA hai ki" jajiyA baMdaragAha kA mahasUla, yAtrI kara baneka prakAra ke vyavasAyoM para kara, darogA kI phIsa, tahasIladAra kI / phIsa, bAjAra kA mahasUla, videza - yAtrA kara, makAna ke kraya vikraya kaa| kara, zorA para kara ~. sArAMza yaha hai ki aise tamAma kara jinako hindumtAnI loga sara jiAta karate haiM, banda kara diye gaye / " 13 12 - akabarI paravAra hindI anuvAdaka- rAmacandra varmA pahalA bhAga pRSTha 144-45 13 - Ain-1-Akbari Vol. II. P. 62. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #84
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti & - - gaira musalamAnoM ko dhArmika sthAna nirmita karavAne kI svataMtratA a area verod For Private And Personal Use Only 89 vibhinna anucita karo kI samApti ke pazcAta usane pavitra dhArmika sthAnoM para lage saba pratibandhoM ko nirasta kara diyA / phalata: hindU sAmAntau vIra rAjapUta saradAroM ne apane maMdira, devAlaya tathA Izvara ke vibhinna avatAroM ke pavitra deva sthAna banabAne prArambha kara diye / rAjA mAnasiha ne atyanta sundara bIra bhavya bhavana nirmita karavAye eka to vRndA - vana meM govinda dAsa kA lAla patthara kA vizAla pAMca maMjilA maMdira aura dUsarA vArANasI meM / usane sikkoM ke gurU rAmadAsa ko eka bhUmi khaNDa jIvana nirvAha ke liye diyA / isI bhUmi khaNDa meM guru rAmadAsa nai jala kA choTA tAlAba khudavAyA aura taba se yaha sthAna amRtasara ( amRta kA tAlAba ) kahAM jAtA hai| amRtasara meM sikkhoM ne eka gurubbArA mI vana vAyA | muni hIravijaya ke prabhAva aura muni mAnucandra ke prayatnoM se akabara hIravijaya ke nAma do pharamAna prathama 16 navambara 1560 ko aura dUsarA 1562 meM prasArita kiye / inake dvArA jaina samAja ko zAsana kI ora se kucha vizeSa suvidhAe~ dI gayI / san 1560 ke pharamAna maiM gujarAta ke suvedAra ko yaha Adeza diyA gayA ki usa rAjya meM kisI ko bhI jaina maMdiroM maiM hastakSepa na karane diyA jAya, unake jIrNodvAra meM koI bAbA na DAle tathA ajaina unameM nivAsa nahIM kare / san 1562 ke pharamAna ke anusAra mAlavA gujarAta, lAhaura, sulatAna, baMgAla tathA kucha anya prAntoM ke - sUbedAroM ko yaha Adeza diyA gayA ki siddhAcala, giranAra, tAraMgA, kezariyAnAtha, bAbU, giranAra aura rAjagirI ke jaina tIrtha sthAnoM aura maMdiroM kI pahAr3iyoM ko tathA bihAra aura baMgAla meM jainiyoM ke tIrthaM sthAnoM va ina pahAr3iyoM kI talahaTI ke sabhI nivAsa sthAnoM ko jainiyoM ko saupa diyA jAya / 14, jainiyoM ne ujjaina meM eka jaina maMdira nirmita .. 14 kabhisAriyaTa : hisTrI vAMpha gujarAta khaNDa 2 pU0 233,35 - 8

Page #85
kabra kI dhArmika nIti kiyA / akabara ne IsAiyoM ko khambhAta, lAhaura, hugalI aura bAgarA meM! girajAghara nirmita karane kI anumati de dI / ina sthAnoM para dhIre dhIre / rAjakIya vyaya se giraNA para banavAye gaye / sana 1LE maiM akabara kI tumati se vAgarA meM girajA para banavAyA gayA / 7 - gaira musalamAnoM kI sAmrAjya ke ucca pardA para niyukti * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - akabara ne isa vAdhAra bhUta siddhAnta ko samajha liyA thA ki sabhI mA vIra dharmA kA janaka Izvara hai aura isa liye sArA mAnava samAja Izvara ke putra ke samAna hone se janma se hI manuSya samAna adhikAra rakhate hai hana vicAroM ke kAraNa akabara kA zAsana aura rAjatva kA siddhAnta - atyanta udAra, sahiSNu aura vyApaka ka gayA / zAsana sattA apane sAtha meM lete hI arthAta 1562 ke prArambhiA - mahInoM meM hI ToDaramala, mAnasiMha, gavanta dAsa, benIcandra, bIrabala jayAra. kavAhA Adi ko akabara ne apane rAjya kI sevA meM ucca pardA para niyukta kara liyA thA / rAjasva vibhAga meM usane borDa ke ToDaraka ke atirikta aneka hindU karmacArI aura adhikArI niyukti kiye / isase donoM ke maida - mAva kI khAI paTane lagI / akabara kI yaha nIti bahuta kuch| babura paja ke vicAroM se bhI prabhAvita huI / usa phaja likhatA hai ki"rAjapada Izvara kA eka upahAra hai, aura yaha taba taka pravAna nahIM kiyA jA sakatA jaba taka ki eka vyavita meM hajAroM mahAna guNA aura vizeSatAoM kA samanvaya na ho jAye / isa mahAna pada ke liye jAti, dhana * sampatti tathA logoM kI bhIr3a bhAr3a hI kAphI nahIM hai| vaha isa mahAna pada ke liye taba taka yogya nahIM hai, jaba ki vaha sarvajanika zAMti aura * sahiSNutA paidA na kareM / yadi vaha mAnavatA kI sabhI jAtiyA~ baura kI sampradAyoM ko eka AMkha se nahIM dekhanA, aura kucha logoM ke sAtha mAtA kA sA aura kucha ke sAtha vimAtA kA sA vyavahAra karatA hai, to vaha hale For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #86
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti www.kobatirth.org 71 .. mahAna pada ke liye yogya nahIM ho sakatA / 15 usakA svayam kA bhI vizvAsa thA ki rAjA ko pratyeka dharma aura jAti ke prati pUrNa sahiSNu honA cAhiye / inhI vicAroM se prerita hokara usane zAsana meM ucca pada para niyukti karane meM hindU musalamAnoM ke vimeda ko samApta kara diyA yahAM taka ki manasabadAroM meM mI hindU niyukta kiye gaye / eka sahastra sainikoM ke 137 manasabadAroM ne 14 manasabadAra hindU the, 200 azvArohiyoM ke 415 manasabadAroM meM 51 manasabadAra hindU the / sAmrAjya ke vibhinna pradezoM ke 12 dIvAnoM meM 8 dIvAna hindU the / rAjA mAnasiha svayam sAta hajAra sainikoM kA manasabadAra thA / badAyUMnI khilatA hai ki Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hinduoM ke mukadame phaisale karane ke liye usane ( akabara ne ) hindU nyAya -bIza kI niyukti kI / " 16, usakA vicAra thA ki rAjA ko nyAya priya aura niSpakSa honA cAhiye / isa liye isane binA kisI peda bhAva ke sabhI kA aura sampradAya ke vyaktiyoM ke sAtha samAna nyAya aura niSpakSa vyavahAra ke siddhAnta ko apanA liyA / hinduoM para kurAna ke niyama aura islAma ke kAnUnoM ke anusAra zAsana karane kI nIti tyAga dI gayI / k - hindU musalamAnoM kI saMskRti va kalA ke AdAna pradAna ke prayAsa --------------- * 15- Akbe. mama Vol. IT. P. 421 16 Al-Badaoni Vol. II P. 376 * akabara ne mile jule vidyAlaya aura ucca zikSA kI aisI saMsthAba ko protsAhita kiyA jahAM hindU aura musalima donoM vagA ke vibhArthI zikSA pA sakate the| usane bAlakoM kI zikSA ke liye masajidoM ke sAtha makataboM ko ( prAthamika zAlAreM ) sthApita kiyA / makataboM ke sAtha - sAtha hindU pAThazAlAoM aura saMskRta ke vidyAlayoM kA nirmANa karavAyA hasI samaya se hindU phArasI kA vizeSa adhyayana karane lage / hindubau For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #87
akabara kI dhArmika nIti ke dhArmika groM bAra prathama zreNI ke saMskRta granthoM kA phArasI meM anuvAda karane ke liye anuvAda vibhAga kholA gayA / vidhA vijyajI likhate hai - " akabara sAhitya kA pUrA zaukIna thA / sAhitya meM dharmazAstroM aura jyotiNa, vaiyaka vAdi samasta viyAoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai / akabara saba meM ruci rakhatA thA, isI liye atharvavedaka, mahAbhArata, rAmAyaNa, harivaMza purANa tathA mAskarAcArya kI lIlAvatI aura isI taraha ke isare : khagola tathA gaNita vidhA ke granthoM kA phArasI meM anuvAda karavAyA thA saMgIta viyA ke sunipuNa vidvAnoM kA bhI usane apane darabAra meM acchA / satkAra kyiA thA / --- usake darabAra meM 5E kavi the| jI una saba meM! zreSTha samajhA jAtA thA / 152 paMDita aura cikitsaka the / unameM 35 hinI the / saMgIta vizArada suprasiddha gAyaka tAnasena aura bAbA rAmadAsa mI . vakabara kI hI sabhA ke camakate hue hIre the / " 17 usake samaya meM musalamAna kaviyoM ne hindI sAhitya meM kavitAe~ kii| kucha musalamAnI kaviyoM ne to hindU saMskRti kA aisA saphala varNana kyiA hai ki agara unake nAma unake grAM se haTA liye jAye tathA una goM ko banya hindU lekhakoM kI kRtiyoM meM milA diyA jAye to pahacAnanA sambhava ho jAyegA / isa kSetra meM abdula rahIma khAna lAnA tayA rasakhAna kA nAma sarvocca hai| akabara ne sthApatya kalA ke potra meM hindU aura musalamAna donoM kalA - zailiyoM kA sundara samanvaya kiyA / sthApatya kalA meM akabara kI yaha nIti usake bArA nirmita phatahapura sIkarI ke mAM dIvAna - e - khAsa, mariyama kA mahala, turkI sulatAna kA mahala, jodhA bAI kA mahala, paMca mahala, vAgare ke klei meM jahAMgIrI mahala, lAhaura aura ilAhAvAda ke kile vAdi bhavanoM meM abhivyakta huI hai| citrakalA tathA saMgIta kalA ke potra maiM mI akabara ne hindU musalima samanvaya karavAyA / usake darabAra meM hindU musalima dono hI saMgItajJa the| 17 - sUrIzvara aura samATa akabara hindI anuvAda kRSNalAla varmA pU0 243-44 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #88
kara kI dhArmika nIti isa taraha akabara ne zAsana ke pratyeka potra meM hindU musalima sAmanyasya sthApita karane kA prayAsa kiyA / 6. islAma ke siddhAntoM kA pramANika jJAna prApta karane ke prayAsa - eka aura to ukabara ne hinduoM para lo neka bhUcita prativandha - haTAye bora hindU musalima ekatA sthApita karane kA yathA zakti prayAsa * kiyA kintu sAtha hI sAtha dUsarI bora vaha satya dharma kI khoja meM gA hii| rahA / vaha islAma dharma ke siddhAntoM kA pramANika jJAna prApta krnaa| cAhatA thA / isake liye usane zekha banna bI aura makhadUma - ula * mUlya / baDalA sulatAnapurI se vidvAna mullAoM kI zargiI kI / sva 1574 taka vaha inake bhAva meM rahA / isa varNa taka vaha islAma ke niyamoM kA pAlana dRr3hatA se karatA rahA / badAyUMnI kA bhI mata hai ki sana 1575 taka samrATa akabara niyamita rUpa se namAja par3hatA rahA aura salIma ciztI se prasiddha musalima pIrIke makabarI ke darzana karane bhI kaI bAra gayA / vaha apane yuga ke prasiddha mAruviryA kA bhI ucita sammAna karatA rahA / akabara ne zeta bahamada ke putra zekha badunnabI ko mukhya pada ( va dAna maMtri) niyukta kiyA aura vaha saba 1578 taka isI pada para rahA / satra ko dhAcAra dAna tathA nyAya vibhArgA kA adhyapA rakhA gayA / akavara vadhutanvI ke ghara - hadIsa ( muhampha sAhava ke kathana ) para vAto sunane jAyA karatA thA / kaI bAra to sammAna aura zraddhA prakaTa karane ke uddezya se akabara ! ne vanavI ke jUte mI svayama uThA kara usake sAmane rakhe the / " 18 - para sADivAvI sunnI dharma use pUrNa santoSa nahIM sakA thA ata: vaha ziyA kI bora unmukha huvA / usane ziyA rma ke pramukha mullA yAkakI ko apanA mitra banAyA / yAjI ne use ziyA dharma ke siddhAnta samakAye (8P) AL-Badaoni - Vol. II Trans, by W.H.Lowe P. 207. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #89
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti www.kobatirth.org baura use ziyA banAne kA bharasaka prayatna kiyA, para vaha bhI usake udAra hRdaya ko AvarNita nahIM kara sakA / isake bAda vaha sUphI mata kI ora kukA / lUphI vidvAna zekha mubAraka tathA unake donoM putra phaijI va abula phajala tathA anya sUphI vidvAna mirjI sulaimAna ne use sUphI mata se avagata karA kara sUphI sampradAya kI ora vAkarNita kiyA / 10. ibAdata khAne kI sthApanA aura islAma dharma para vAda vivAda da me ata qe e 16 Akba mama - - http Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir una samasta sampradAya kA gahana jJAna prApta karane ke liye akabara ne pharavarI mArca 1575 mai phatehapura sIkarI meM ibAdata khAnA athavA prArthanA gRha banavAyA / akabara apane musalamAna darabAriyoM tathA ulmAoM ke sAtha yahAM Akara sabhA karatA thA / isa prakAra satya kA vikAsa hone lagA / dhArmika samArai rAta rAta bhara aura kamI kabhI dUsare dina prAta: kAla aura dopahara taka calatI thI jisase patA calatA thA ki kisameM tarka hai ? kalpanA hai ? aura buddhi hai ? ina samAja meM darzana, dharma, kAnUna aura sAMsA - rika sabhI prakAra ke viSayoM aura samasyAvoM para carcAeM hotI thI / makhadUma ula mulka kI upAdhi se vibhUSita zekha abdullA sulatAnapurI, kAjI yAkUba, mullA badAyUMnI, hAjI ibrAhIma, zekha mubAraka bala phajala Adi pramukha vidvAna inameM bhAga lete the / ina vicAra goSThiyoM meM vizeSa guNa, buddhi va pratimA pradarzita karane vAloM ko akabara sone cAMdI ke sikke dekara puraskRta karatA thA / . 16 kintu dhIre dhIre ina dhArmika aura dArzanika carcAyoM ke samaya, zekha, saiyada aura ulmAbI kI asahanazIlatA, anuzAsanahInatA, sAmAnya vRddhi kA abhAva ukAra, sAmpradAyikatA, dhamanyitA, abhadratA, tathA ahaMkAra kA khulA pradarzana hone lagA / islAma ke niyamoM ke tarka sammata aura vAstavika artha de sakane kA unameM jo abhAva thA, vaha pradarzita ho gayA / maladUma uTha mulka baura Vol. III. P, P. 112-13. 7' - For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #90
akAra kI dhArmika nIti abdunnabI islAmI meM zAstra samvandhita saiddhAntika prI para paraspara lar3a cha / mullA abdula kAdira badAyUMnI nai ve saba pustaka par3hI thI jinheM paDhakara loga vidAna ho jAte hai / jo kucha guruoM ne batalA diyA thA, vaha saba una bAraza : yAda thA para phira bhI dhArmika AcArya honA bora bAta hai / vAcArya kA kAma yaha hai ki jahAM koI vAyata yA maMtra na ho, yA kahIM kisI prakAra kA saMdeha ho yA kisI artha ke sambandha meM matabheda ho vahAM vaha buddhi se kAma lekara nirNaya kara haikina mullA badAyUnI meM ye saba bAte nahIM thI / isI taraha zekha abula phaja kI kolI meM toM kI kyA kamI thI / bIra unakI Izvara datta pratimA ke sAmane kisI kI kyA sAmayaM / jisa tarka ko cAhA juTakI meM ur3A diyA / vidvAnoM meM virodhI kA mArga to bula hI gayA thA / thor3e hI dinoM meM yaha naubata ho gaI / ki thArmika siddhAnta to dUra raheM jina siddhAntoM kA samvandha kevala vizvAsa se thA, una para bhI bAtopa hone lage aura hara bAta meM turA yaha hai ki - 1 sAtha meM koI tarka aura pramANa bhI ho / yadi tuma suka bAta ko mAnate ho to isakA kAraNa kyA hai ? isa taraha avizvAsa bar3hate baDhate bAdata lAne meM tIna virodhI dala ho gaye / eka majabUma ula - mulka kI upAdhi se vibhUSita zekha babdullA sulatAnapurI ke nirdezana meM aura dUsarA adunnavI ke netRtva meM / ye kaTaTara sunnI musalamAnoM ke dala the ulmAoM ke ye donoM netA Apasa meM eka dUsare ko burA malA kaha kara jhagar3ate the / makhadUma - uTha mulka nai babbunnavI para khina lA saravAnI aura mIra haza ko unake thArmika vizvAsa ke liye anyAya se maravA DAlane kA Aropa lgaayaa| tIsarA vala brAhIma zekha mubAraka baaura usane putra phaijI va akula phala tathA navIna logoM kA thA / ye tInoM bhI paraspara kupha aura behajjatI kI bAta karate the / mAndha sunniyoM ne zaMkha mubAraka para dharma bhRSTa hone aura navIna - pArmika paddhati calAne kA doSAropaNa kara usai mutyu daNDa de diyA para For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #91
akabara kI dhArmika nIti vaha baca kara bhAga gyaa| isa para babula phajala ne ina sunniyoM ke guTa kI prAMtiyA, unakI kathana - karanI meM bheda vAdi ko udAharaNAM se spaSTa kiyA aura abdunnavI kI pola kholanA zurU kiyA / usane batAyA ki bannavI ne hAjiyoM ko diyA jAne vAlA dhana svayama le liyA aura yaha phatavA diyA ki haja karane se puNya ke sthAna para pApa hogA ki makkA jAne ke donoM mArga saMkTa grasta hai / ina sabhAoM meM eka dUsare ko nIcA dikhAne ke liye kikSANa prazna kiye jAte the / maulAnA muhammada husaina likhate hai ki hAjI lAhIma sarahindI bar3e gaDAlU aura cakmA ! dene vAle vyakti the unkone eka dina sabhA meM mirajA muphilisa se pUchA ki musA zabda sIgA 20 ( kriyA kA vana, puru Na vAdi ) kyA hai aura usakI vyutpatti kyA hai ? mirajA yayapi vithA aura buddhi kI sampatti se bahuta saMmpanna the, para isa prazna ke uttara meM muphalisa hI nikale basa phira kyA thA / sAre zahara meM ghUma maca gaI ki hAjI ne miravA se aisA prazna kiyA jisakA vai koI uttara hI na de sake aura hAjI hI - bahuta bar3e vidhAna hai / usI avasara para eka dina akabara ne kAjI jAdA lazkara se kahA ki tuma rAta ko sabhA meM nahI jAte / usane nivedana kiyA ki huz2ara jAUM to sahI para yadi vahAM hAjI jI mujha se pUcha ke ki. * IsA kA sIgA kyA hai to maiM kyA jabAba dUMgA ? yaha dillagI bApazAha ko bahuta pasanda bAI thI / 21 tAtparya yaha hai ki isa prakAra ke virodha phagar3e aura vAtmAbhimAna Adi kI kRpA se bahuta se sArI dekhane meM Aye / isI prakAra kI eka anya ghaTanA badAyUMnI likhatA hai ki - * * * - - - - - ...................-1 (20) isameM vasambaddhatA yaha hai ki sIgA kevala priyA meM hotA hai saMjJA meM nahIM hotA, aura mUsA saMjJA hai| (21) akabarI - darabAra - hindI anuvAdaka rAmacandra varmA pahalA bhAga pRSTha 0 72-73 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #92
makabara kI dhArmika nati " yaha sunane para ki hAjI brAhIma ne pIlI aura lAla raMga kI pozAke pahanane ko nyAya saMgata ghoNita karate hue phatavA diyA hai, mIra Apila: saiyada muhammada kI upasthiti meM use cUta aura makkAra kahA bAra use mArane ke liye apanA DanDAmI uThA liyA / 22 isa prakAra ke kagar3Ase kaTaTara islAma meM akabara kA vizvAsa hila gayA / islAma dharma ke prati akarabara kA dRSTikoNa * inAitabAne meM islAmI va sUphI vidvAnoM ke isa prakAra ke uttara dAyitva zUnya vyavahAra, islAma kI tAtvika dRSTi se vivecanA karane kI asamarthatA tathA ina logoM ke vyaktigata svArthoM ko dekha kara akabara bIpha uThA / usane mullA badAyunI ko gAlI dene vAle yA hAthApAI karane vAle vyaktiyoM kI riporTa karane kA mAra diyA aura ghoSaNA: kI ki bhaviSya meM jina logoM meM aise doNa hoge aura jo udaNDatA - kareMge, unako habAdata khAne se nikAla diyA jAyegA / bAtadAne meM aise aziSTa, saMkINa, mAndha, udaNDa bAra uttara dAyitvahIna vyavahAra tathA anavarata kagar3I se akabara bahuta hI khinna ho gayA thA / 1578-79 ke bAda alavara ke mana meM ina vidAna va ulmANa ke caritra aura dharma ke / prati kiMnita bhI zraddhA nahIM rahI thii| usane anubhava kara liyA thA ki ina ulmANoM meM jina para ki buddhi kA sirpha kalevarA hI hai, satya ko khojane aura jAnane kI pipAsA nahIM hai / usane hasAsa ke vidAnoM meM hI meda mAva, saMkIrNatA aura kaTutA pAI / ata : dhIre - dhIre islAma para se usakA vizvAsa uThane lgaa| viSA vijayabI likhate hai ki .... jaba musalamAnI rma para se usakI zradhA haTa gaI aura jaba usa para vaha nArAja huA thA taba sApha * sApha lapharjI meM vaha kahane lagA thA ki -" jisa muhammada ne dasa barasa kI chokarI bAyazA ke sAtha vyAha kiyA thA 22 - AL-Badaoni. Trans, by W. H. Lowe Vol. II P, 214. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #93
asd lii siNk vii bAra jisane khAsa apane dattA putra kI strI jAba ke sAtha - jisako usake pati ne talAka de dI thI - vyAha kara liyA thaa| vahI - ssA vanAcAra: karane vAlA muhammada kaise pAcara - paramezvara kA dUta ho sakatA hai / 22 aba akabara kI dhArmika nIti ke vikAsa kA nayA daura prArama huvA / abhI taka to ibAkhata khAnA kevala musalmAna vidvAnoM aura ulmaaoN| ke liye hI sulA huvA thA / ve hI vahAM vAda vivAda karate the kintu ibAdata khAne meM hue isa vAda vivAda kA pariNAma yaha nikalA ki jaba : ulmA, zaikha, saiyada vAra anya vidvAna islAma ke siddhAntoM ko spaSTa karane meM asamartha rahe taba akabara nai 1578 se ibAdatakhAne meM hinduoM, pArasyio , . baniyA~, IsAkSyoM ke dhArmika vAcAyA~ bAra vidhAnoM ko dhArmika goSThiyA~, vAda vivAda aura vicAra vimarza ke liye vAmaMtrita karane kA saMkalpa kiyaa| -0 (23) sUrIzvara aura samrATa adAdara - hindI anuvAdaka kRSNa lAra varmA - pRSTha - 77 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #94
vibhinna dharmAcAryo samparka, khutabA va mahajara For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #95
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti akabara kA vibhinna dharmAcAryoM se samparka, khatabA va mahajara - www.kobatirth.org - ziyA aura sunniyoM ke pArasparika garamAgarama vAda vivAda, hIna Aropa pratyAropa tathA deNa pUrNa saMgharSa ke kAraNa musalamAnI dharma para se akabara kI ruci haTa gaI / para phira bhI vaha yahI cAhatA thA ki kisI prakAra use dhArmika tatva kI bAte mAlUma ho / phalata: usane 3 akTUbara 1478 ko hindU, jaina, IsAI, yahI, sUphI, pArasI vidvAnoM eMva santoM ke liye ibAdatakhAne kA dvAra bola diyA / isa samaya dhArmika vAda vivAda va goSThiyoM meM bhAga lene vAle vidvAnoM meM abula phajala ke anusAra sUphI dArzanika katA, vidhi jJAtA, sunnI, ziyA, brAhmaNa, jati, viDA, cAravAra, IsAI, yahUdI, sAnI ( IsAIyoM kA eka sampradAya ) pArasI aura anya loga sammilita hue / (1) jaba hama yaha dekheMge ki akabara kI vArmika nIti ke vikAsa meM ina vibhinna dharmo ne kyA sahayoga diyA : (1) akabara nAmA akabara aura hindU dharmaM --- Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ww For Private And Personal Use Only * akabara kI prakRti hinduoM ke udAra Adarza vAda se baca nahIM sakatI thI / rAjapUtoM ke prati jo hinduoM kA eka lar3AkU varga thA, usakI nIti ke viSaya meM isase pUrva hI likhA jA cukA hai / hindI ke prasiddha kRSNa bhakta aura santa suradAsa se akabara ne bahuta lambe samaya taka dhArmika, carcAe~ kI aura unake saMgIta se prabhAvita huA / akabara ko saba bAteM jAnane kA zauka thA / isa liye usane inakI ora pravRtta hone kA aura adhika prayAsa kiyA / mohammada husaina likhate hai ki satya kA anvegaka hindI anuvAdaka mathurACTC zarmA pRSTha 472. 79

Page #96
akabara kI dhArmika nIti bAdazAha gautama nAmaka eka brAhmaNa paMDita ko, jisase bArambha meM siMhAsana battIsI kA anuvAda karAyA gayA thA, prAya: julavA kara bahuta sI bAte pUchA aura jAnA karatA thA / mahala ke UparI bhAga meM eka kamarA thA, jo khvAbagAha ( zayanAgAra ) kahalAtA thA / akabara usakI khir3akI meM baiThatA thA aura svAnta ke samaya devI nAmaka brAhmaNa ko jo mahAbhArata kA anuvAda karAyA karatA thA, eka cArapAI para baiThA kara rassiyoM se Upara siMcavA liyA karatA thA / isa prakAra vaha brAsaNa adhara meM laTakatA rahatA! thA, na jamIna para rahatA thA / aura na bAsamAna para / akabara usase agni sUrya, gRha, pratyeka devI aura devatA, brahmA, viSNu, maheza aura kRSNa va rAma nAdi kI pUjAvoM ke prakAra aura maMtra Adi sIsA karatA thA aura hinduoM kI dhArmika siddhAnta tathA paurANika kathAe~ vAdi bahuta tI - dhyAna aura zoka se sunA karatA thA aura pAhatA thA ki hinduoM ke sabhI pArmika granthoM ke anuvAda ho jAye / "2 bIrabala ne akabara ko sUrya vaura napAtroM kI pUjA karane kA parAmarza piyA baura kahA ki manuSya ke kAma meM Ane vAle phala - mUra, ghAsa pAta Adi saba padArtha sUrya hI ke pratApa se utpanna hote hai / aMdhakAra ko dUra kara jagata meM prakAza phailAne vAlA mI sUrya hI hai / ata: sUrya kI upAsanA karanI cAhie / use yaha parAmarza diyA gayA ki vaha apane siMhAsanArohaNa kA divasa isI nauroja ke dina manAye / 1577 meM vaha vRndAvana meM viTsale zvara se bheMTa karane gayA / vahAM para unakI pavitratA, alaukika - vyaktiva, anupama bhakti aura jJAna se atyAdhika prabhAvita huA / hindU dharmAcAyA~ kA akabara para prabhAva : hindu dharmAcAryoM ke pravacanoM se ukabara ko hinduoM ke devI devatAoM aura avatAroM ke prati zraddhA ho gayI thI aura hinduoM ke pramukha tyohArI 2 akavarI daravAra - pahalA mAga hindI bluvAdaka rAmacandra vA pR0134-15 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #97
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti www.kobatirth.org - Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir , rakSAbandhana dazaharA, dIvAlI va basanta Adi ko vaha bar3e utsAha se manAne lagA thA / kabhI kabhI vaha bApane mastaka para hinduoM kI bhAMti tilaka bhI lagAyA karatA thA | hindU rAjAvoM ke vidhAna ke anusAra usane mI pratidina prAtaH kAla apanI prajA ko karor3oM dvArA darzana denA Arambha kara diyA thA / apanI mAtA hamIdA bAnU begama kI mRtyu para hinduoM kI bhAMti hI sira muDavA kara zoka manAyA / badAyUMnI likhatA hai ki akabara ne apane putra salIma kA vivAha hindU prathA ke anusAra hI kiyA / vivAha ke avasara para vaha svayam dUlhe salIma kI bArAta lekara, jisameM anIra va darabArI zAmila the, dulhana pitA rAjA bhagavanta dAsa ke nivAsa sthAna para gayA / vahAM sabhI amIroM va sarakAroM ke sAmane hindU prathA ke anusAra agni prajvalita karake usake caturdika phere lagA kara prANi grahaNa kI rasma pUrI kI gayI thI aura dulhana ke vidA hone ke samaya usake nivAsa sthAna se lekara rAjamahala taka usakI pAlakI bAroM aura pUre mArga meM sone kI muhareM azarphiyAM harSa aura ullAsa meM bikherI gayI thI / (3) phatehapura sIkarI meM dIvAna e - bAla meM viSNu stambha para akabara apanA siMhAsana rakha kara baiThatA thA / yaha usa vaiSNava paramparA kA prabhAva hai, jisake antargata rAjA ko pRthvI para Izvara kA pratinidhi mAnA jAtA hai / akabara ne svayam brAhmaNoM se pUjA pATha kI vidhiyA~gIra maMtra - sIkhe / vaha rAtri ke samaya sUrya ke eka sahastra nAma mAlA para japA karatA thA / bIrabala ke anurodha para bAdazAha sUrya kI pUjA karane lagA thA / badAyUMnI likhatA hai ki "A second order was given that the Sun should be worshipped four times a day, in the - 3 - Al-Badaoni Trans. by W.H. Lode Vol. II. P. 341 For Private And Personal Use Only n

Page #98
rld lii sNl jiioo momins & even ina, at noon and midnight. Hi8 majesty had al so one thousand & one Sanskrit names for the sun coll ected, & read tham dally devoutly turning towards the Sun. mugalaharama mAha rAniyA bAra paricArikA ke rahane se - akabara ne mugala rAja mahaloM meM aneka hindU prathAe~ vapanAlI thI / pArmika kAryoM ko sampanna karane ke liye bAloM ko vAmaMtrita kiyA jAtA thA / / muhammada husaina likhate hai ki nauroja ( nava vArambha ) ke samaya vAnandotsava karanA to harAna aura turAna kI prAcIna prayA hai hI, para usane use le bhii| sinduoM kI prathA kA raMga dekara hindu banA DAlA / saura aura cAndra donoM gaganAoM ke anusAra jaba jaba usakI bAta gAMTha par3atI thI, taba taba / utsava hotA thA / usa samaya kulAdAna bhI hotA thA / --- pAna ke bIr3A ne saba ke muMha lAla kara diye / gomAMsa, lasuna, pyAja vApi oka pradArtha ! harAma ho gaye aura bahuta se dUsare padArtha hAla ho gaye / 5 hinduoM ke jIva hiMsA na karane ke siddhAnta ko adAbara ne apanA kara use kAryAnvita kiyA / 26 maI 1563 ko usane eka pharamAna vdArA - mathurA, sAhara, maMgoTA Adi hinduoM ke pavitra tIrtha sthAnoM meM mora - mArane aura sabhI prakAra ke bAsaiTa karane kI manAhI kara dii| gaumAMsa kA nirNaya kara diyA gayA aura kahA gayA ki jo koI use pAregA vaha mArA jAyegA kyoMki hindU paMDitoM ne yaha kahA thA ki gAya ke mAMsa se aneka prakAra ke roga hote , vala radadI baura garika hotA hai ityAdi-ityAdi akabara aura pArasI dharma : jaradosta yArA pracalita ka pArasI logoM ne apanAyA, jo ki jorAsTriyana dharma kahalAtA hai / una dinoM naksArI bhArata meM pArasI dharma kA pramukha kendra sthala thA / navasArI aura sUrata meM rahane vAle sabhI pArasI 4 - A2-badaoni- Trans. by .. Loa Vai.. II. P.332. 5 - avAnarI darabAra - pahalA mAga hindI anuvAdaka rAmacandra varmA pR0 121-22 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #99
akabara kI dhArmika nIti purohitoM meM maiharajI rANA kA pramukha sthAna thA / maihara jI ne ibAdatalAne meM hone vAlI goSThiyoM, pravarnA aura vAda - vivAda meM bhAga liyA / vyaktigata maiTI ke samaya akabara ne mehara jI se pArasI kI ke vibhinna pahaluoM para carti kI / mehara jI ne ukabara ko pArasI dharma ke gupta vAparaNoM se paricita karAyA tathA usake vizeNa zadA, rIti, rivAjo utsavA aura siddhAntoM se avagata karAyA / usane akabara ko pArasI dharma ke pravartaka, jaurAsTara ke kipAga camatkAroM ke viSaya meM, sUrya, candra, agni ke prati zraddhA va bhakti eka Izvara kI pUjA, pavitra, satya, sadeha, kA pahananA kuztarI, nauroja - e - khAsa tathA naurojara - dhAma ke viSaya meM samajhAyA / akabara maihara jI rANA ke pArasI dharma ke siddhAntoM ke prati pAdana, usake vicAroM aura jIvana kI pavitratA! se hatanA adhika prabhAvita huA ki usane maihara jI ko navasArI ke samIpa paracola meM rakhI gAMva meM 200 bIghA jamIna mAphI meM jIvana nivAMha ke liye de dI / saba1565 meM dastUrajI rANA ke nidhana ke bAda unakA putra maikulAi 1565 meM akabara ke darabAra meM gayA / vahAM usanesamrATa se bheMTa kI akabara ne isase prasanna hokara 156 6 maiM use sau bIghA bhUmi aura puruskaar| meM dI kaikubAda ko yaha bhUmi sUrata ji meM tAralI paragane ke tavarI gAMva meM prApta huii| pArasI kI kA akabara para prabhAva : dastara mehara jI rANA ke satsaMga aura unake pravanA, vicAroM sathA pArasI kI ke siddhAntoM se ukabara itanA adhika pramAvita huA ki usane pArasI dharma ke kucha siddhAntA, rIti - rivAjoM va paramparAoM ko baphA liyA thA / pArasI vidhAna ke anusAra rAmahala meM pavitra agni prajvalita kI gayI / badAnI likhatA hai ki -" mahala ke pAsa hI eka agni maMdira banavAyA gayA thA / mula phajala kI dekha rekha meM For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #100
akabara kI dhArmika nIti / usameM barAbara agni jalatI rahatI thI / use AjJA dI gaI thI ki usameM kI agni kamI bukane na pAve, kyoMki yaha Izvara kI saba se bar3I dena aura usake prakAza meM se eka mukhya prakAza hai / 6 pArasiyoM ke samAna akabara agni meM candana DAla kara usake sAmane prArthanA bhI karatA thA / aura usake prati bar3I zraddhA rakhatA thA / muhammada husaina likhate hai ki san 22 jalasI akabara ne nissaMkoca bhAva se agni ko praNAma kiyA / 7agni paMtha yA pArasI dharma meM akabara kI niSThA eka ghaTanA se spaSTa ho jAtI hai / yaha ghaTanA sana 1603 meM ghaTita huI akabara madhyAnha ke bAda apane zayatha kakSA meM vizrAma karane kA abhyasta thA eka sandhyA ko vaha apane zayana kakSA meM vizrAma karane kA samaya se AzA se pUrva hI bAhara nikala AyA / pahale use vahAM koI naukara dikhAI nahIM diyA / para jaba vaha siMhAsana aura koca ke samIpa AyA taba usane zAsakIya mazAlabI ko kuMDalI mAre zAhI kursI ke samIpa mauta kI sI nIMda soye hue dekhA / isa dRzya se krodhita hokara akabara ne use mInAra se nIce pheMka dene kI AjJA dI / isase usake kaI Tukar3e hokara usakA prANAMta ho gayA / san 1580 se usane sUrya ke sAmane sASTAMga daNDavata karanA prArambha kara diyA thA / pArasI kI eka anya prathA ke anusAra jaba zAma ko dIpaka jalAye jAte the to akabara svayam aura usake darabArI prakAza ke prati sammAna pradarzita karane ke liye khar3e ho jAte the kyoMki akabara kA kahanA thA ki "To light a Candle is to Commemorate the rising of the) Sun, To whomsoever the Sun sets, what other remedy hath he bat this 9 E Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir - For Private And Personal Use Only Al-Badaoni Trans. by W. H. Love Vol. II. FP 268-69 7 akabarI darabAra pahalA bhAga hindI anuvAdaka rAmacandra varmA pR0 126 Smith: Akbar the great mogul. P. 164. Ain-i-Akbari Trans, by H.S. Jorrett. Vol. III 443. * 31

Page #101
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti www.kobatirth.org - e akabara ne pArasiyoM kI pavitra sudreha yA sadarI bIra kuztI bhI dhAraNa kara hI thI / sadarI aura kuztarI pahana kara vaha apane darabAriyoM maiM rAjasiMhAsana para baiThatA thA / pAdariyoM ke tyauhAroM bAra pavitra dinoM ko bhI akabara ne manAnA prArambha kara diyA thA / 1582 se usane pArasiyoM ke nava varNa va caudaha tyauhAroM ko apanAnA prArambha kara diyA thA / ina caudaha tyohAroM kA vivaraNa hameM vAhana akabarI maiM milatA hai / pArasiyoM ke ye caudaha tyauhAra isa prakAra se haiM : 1.19th of Earvardin,2. 3rd of Aribehesht 3.6thof Khurdan 4. 13th of Tir. 5. 7th of Amardad 6. 4th of Shehrivar 7.6th of Meher 8. 10th of Avan. 9. 9th of Adar.10.8th of Deh 11. 15th of Deh, 12.23rd of Deh. 13.2nd of Behman.14.5th of Aspann darmad.10" lekina isase yaha nahI samajha lenA cAhiye ki akabara pUrNa rUpeNa unake dharma maiM dIkSita ho gayA thA to pratyeka dharma kI satyatA jAnanA cAhatA thA / isa liye usane pArasI dharmAcAryoM se unake dharma ke siddhAntoM aura paramparAoM kA jJAna prApta kiyA / akabara aura jaina dharma : -------- abula phajala ne vAhana e akabarI meM darabAra meM rahane vAle vidvAnoM kA vargIkaraNa kiyA hai| prathama varga meM ve loga the jo ki donoM lokoM kA rahasya jAnate the / dUsare varga meM mana aura hRdaya ke jJAtA the, tIsare varga meM dharma aura darzana zAstra ke jJAtA, cauthe varga meM dArInika tathA pAMcave varga ne ve loga the jo ki parIkSaNa tathA paryAlocanA para jAzrita vijJAna ke jAnane vAle the / ina sampUrNa vaga meM abula pha tIna jaina vinoM ke nAma ginAye hai / inameM AcArya zrI hIravijayasUri to prathama varga meM the aura vijayasena sUri tathA mAnucandra upAdhyAya pAMcave varga * - 10- Ain-i-Akbari Vol. I Trans. by Blochman 276. 85 -

Page #102
akabara kI thamika nIti meM the|" 11 hIravijaya jI ne akabara ko kAM kA saccA svasapa samajhAyA ki saMsAra meM vahAnI manuSya jisa dharma kA nAma lekara lar3ate hai vAstava meM vaha dhamA nahI hai / ma vaha hai jisase vanta : karaNa kI zuddhi hotI hai / isI taraha unhone akabara ko jaina ke siddhAnto paramparAvA, naitika AcaraNa ke niyA~ tathA utsavoM kA jJAna karAyA / ___ yayapi akabara ne gadadI para baiThane ke nau varNa bAda apane rAjya meM se jajiyA uThA diyA thA, jisakA ullekha hama kara vArya hai tathApi gujarAta se yaha jajiyA nahI sTA thA kyoMki usa samaya gujarAta akabara ke - adhikAra meM nahIM pAyA thA / isa liye mUrijI ne akabara se kharodha kiyA ki Apa apane rAjya se jiyA uThA dIjiye aura tIrthoM meM yAtriyoM se jo kara liyA jAtA thA use banda karane ke liye bhI anurodha kyiA - kyoMki ina donoM karoM se jana sAdhAraNa ko bahuta jyAdA kaSTa uThAnA paDatA thA / sUrI jI ke anurodha se akabara ne usI samaya dono karoM ko uThA dene ke pharmAna likha diye / hIravijaya sUri kI taraha zAnticandra jI ! ko mI bAdazAha 1 vata mAnatA thA / isa liye unake Agraha se bAdazAha ne eka aisA pharamAna nikAlA jisakI ruha se bAdazAha kA janma jisa mahIne meM huvA thA usa sAre mahIne meM, ravIvAra ke dinoM meM, prakAnti ke dinoM meM, aura navaroja ke dinoM meM koI bhI vyakti jIva ssiA nA kareM / / kare / " - zAnti candra jI ke prabhAva se hI akabara ne apane tIna laDakI salIma, murAda aura dAniyAla kA janma jina mahInoM meM huA thA, una * mahIma mI jIvahiMsA nirNaya kA pharmAna nikAlA / 15 - A1m-1-Akbari Trans, by H.blochmarm- Vol.I. P.607-1617 15 - sUrIzvara aura samrATa akabara * hindI anuvAdaka - kRSNalAla varmA pRSTha 145. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #103
makabara kI dhArmika nIti usa samaya siddhAra kI yAtrA karane ke liye jAne vAloM se kara liyA jAtA thA / bhAnucandra jI ke anurotha se akabara ne vaha kara banda kara diyA aura isakA phani likha kara hIravijaya purI jI ke pAsa bheja diyA / pAnucandra jI kI vidvatA aura gahana adhyayana ke kAraNa akabara ne ! un upAdhyAya kI padavI se vibhUSita kiyA / "13 micandra sUrI ne bhI bAdazAha para bacchA prabhAva DAlA thA / unake upadeza se bAdazAha ne bANA sUdI 1 se 15 taka sAta dina taka koI jIva hiMsA na kareM isa bAta kA pharmAna nikAlA aura usakI sk| eka nakala apane gyAraha prArtA meM peja dii| vijaya sena sUrI ne bhI bAdazAha ko hIravijaya sUrI kI bhAMti hI vAkarNita kiyA thaa| unhone bAdazAha ko upadeza dekara aneka kArya karavAye / bAdazAha ne vijaya saina sUrI kI icchAnusAra sindhu nadI meM - 1 aura kaccha ke kAzayoM meM jinameM macchiyAM mArI jAtI thI, cAra mahIne 1 taka jAla DAlanA banda karake vahAM kI machaliyoM ke prANa bacAye / gAryo, bala va maisoM kA mAranA banda kiyA, (yuddha ) meM kisI ko kaida nahIM karanA sthira kiyA aura mRtaka manuSya kA kara lenA roka diyA / " 16 jaina dharmAcAryoM tathA munIyAM kA akabara para prabhAva : aba taka jo tAtai likhI gaI hai unase yaha spaSTa ho cukA hai ki jaina muniyoM ne akabara para prabhAva DAla kara janahita, dharma rA tathA jIva dayA kI vaneka kArya karavAye the / jainiyoM ke mavAda, satya aura balsiA ! ke siddhAntoM se akabara sthAyI rUpa se prabhAvita huA / manuSya yA pakSa kI hiMsA na karane ke kA siddhAnta meM akabara kI gaharI vAsthA ho gayI thI / akabara ne samasta mugala rAjya meM yaha DhiDhaurA piTavAyA ki koI 12 - surIzvara aura samrATa akabara * hindI anuvAdaka kRSNalAla varmA pR0154 " " pR015 ! For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #104
akabara kI dhArmika nIti 83 mI vyakti eka varSa meM hai mahIne aura hai dina taka jIva hiMsA na kareM / una dinoM meM svayaM bAdazAha bhI mAMsAhAra nahI karatA thA / isa bAta ko banyAnya jainaitara lekhakoM ne bhI mAnA hai| avasara kA sarvastha ginA jAne vAlA zekha abula phajala likhatA hai ki vaha ( akabara ) Ayu kI lAgajiyoM kA kucha aMzoM meM pAlana karatA huA bhI zanai: zanai: mAMsAhAra zeDane kA irAdA rakhatA hai / vaha bahuta dina taka pratyeka zukravAra vIra pazcAta ravivAra ke dina mAMsAhAra kA paraheja karatA rahA thA / aba pratyeka sora mahIne kI pratipAda ko, ravivAra ko, sUrya aura candra grahaNa ke dinoM meM saura mAsa ke pratyeka tyauhAra meM, pharavaradIna ke mahIne maiM, do upavAsoM ke bIca ke dinoM meM, rajaba mahIne ke somavAroM meM aura bAdazAha janmA thA usa bAre mahIne meM yAnI bAre babAna mahIne meM mAMsAhAra nahI karatA hai / 15 akabara ne svayam kahA hai ki Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir Men should annualy refrain from eating meat on the anniversary of the month of May accession as a thanksgiving to the almightly order that the year may pass in prosperity." 16 jaina dharma ke prabhAva se akabara ne nizcita rUpa se sAmrAjya meM jIva hiMsA kA anta nahIM to use kama karane kA, usakI tIvratA aura barbaratA ko kama karane kA prayAsa avazya kiyA thA / pAMca pAMca sau cir3iyoM kI jI jo nitya prati khAtA thA, mRgAdi pazuoM kA jo nitya zikAra karatA thA, vahI musalamAna bAdazAha jaina sAdhuoM ke upadeza se itanA dayAlu ho gayA thA / jaina sAdhuoM ke isa mahatva ko badAyUMnI mI svIkAra karatA hai / vaha likhatA hai ki samrATa anya sampradArthoM kI apekSA zramaNoM .. 15- Ain-1-Akbari Trans, by H. Blochmann Vol. I PP. 61-62. Trans, by H.S.Jarrett. Vol. III P. 446. 16 -do For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #105
3jhd lii grNjn kiir ( jaina sAdhuoM ) bora brAhmaNoM se skAnta meM vizeSa rUpa se milatA thA unake sahavAsa meM vizeSa samaya bitAtA thA / ve tika, zArIrika, dhArmika aura AdhyAtmika zastroM meM dhAnati kI pragati meM aura manuSya jIvana kI sampUrNatayA prApta karane meM dUsare samasta ( sampradAyA~ ) . vidvAnoM aura paMDita puruSoM ko paidA hara taraha se unnata the / ve apane mata kI satyatA aura hamAre ( musalamAna ) dharma ke doNa batAne ke liye buddhi pUrvaka paramparAgata pramANa dete hai / ve ssI ur3atA aura mukti se apane mata kA samarthana karate the ki unakA kalpanA tulya mata svata: siddha pratIta! hotA hai / usakI satyatA ke viruddha nAstika bhI kaI zakA nahIM uThA sakatA thA / " 17 ___ akabara para jainadharma kA itanA adhika prabhAva dekha kara kucha loga to use bhI samajhane lage the lekina jaisA ki pahale bhI kahA jA cukA hai ki vasa to pratyeka dharma kI satyatA jAnanA cAhatA thA / isa liye ibAdatakhAne meM hone vAlI vicAra goSThiyoM meM usane anAcAryoM ko AmaMtrita - kiyA / vAda vivAda meM use jaina dharma meM jo bacchAzyAM dikhAI dI unheM usane apanA liyA / isake sAtha sAtha yaha bhI avismaraNIya hai ki janakalyANa ke kArya, pavitra tIrtha sthAnoM kI surakSA Adi jaina aura hindU dono mA~ ke sAmUhika prabhAva kA suphala thA / akabara aura IsAI dharma : ___ IsAI rma ke gaDha rahasyoM ko samajhane ke liye va akabara ne govA se! IsAI pAdariyoM ko AmaMtrita karane kA nizcaya kiyA / govA se prathama asubaTa mizana: purtagAlI IsAI pAdariyoM kA jo prathama ziSTa maNDala, 1580 meM - - - - - - - 17- AL-Badaoni Trans. by N.H. Love Vol. II. P. 264. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #106
mjhds'ii sNt jiioo 80 phatehapura sIkarI bAyA unake tIna sadasya the - ruDolpha ekvAvivA, eNTanI mAMsareTa, aura phrAMsisa henarIkveja / 3 mArca 1580 ko akabara nai dIvAna - e - lAsa meM inakA sammAna kiyA / isa samaya para pAdariyoM ne kavara ko bAikila kI eka prati mAta jildI vAlI bheTa kI / smitha likhatA hai ki akabara ne bar3I zraddhA se isa bAibila ko grahaNa kyiA / usane isa bAibila kI pratyeka jilda ko apanI pagar3I utAra kara sira para rakha kara usakA sammAna kiyA aura hArthoM meM haikara niSThA pUrvaka unako mA mI"! pAdariyoM ne IsAmasIha ko Izvara kA putra batAyA bAra IsAkSyoM ko avatAra vAda tathA triyakatA kI vyAkhyA kii| unhone punarutthAna, antima nyAna pavitra AtmA, pavitra moja, anugRha dhaura vizvAsa, IsA ke devatva kI bApa sApatI Adi anya viSayoM para vizuddha vivecana kyiA aura ina para akabara kI zaMkAoM kA nirAkaraNa kiyA / prathama IsAI mizana ke pAriyoM kI dhAraNA thI ki unake prabhAva se akabara IsAI nata svIkAra kara legA / parantu unake satata prayatmA ke bAda pI IsAI dharma ke pracAra meM nirAza ho gaye thora akabara ko IsAI banAne meM asaphala rahe / ata: apane prayatnoM meM saphala hone para ve nirAga hokara gAMva lauTa gaye / govA se vitIya besuiTa mizana : raDavarDa liyoTana aura krisTophara DI vegA nAmaka do purtagAlI pAdarI 1591 meM lAhaura pahuMce / ina pAdariyoM ne samrATa se bheTa ke samaya IsAI dharma ke siddhAntoM para prakAza DAlA / inhone lAra meM eka pAThazAlA sthApita kI jisameM ukalara ke putra(bhurAda aura dAniyAla ) ka pAtra khUsaro tathA anya amIroM aura sAmanto ke lar3ake purtagAlI pANA par3hate the / kucha samaya bAda ina pAdariyoM ne unubhava kiyA ki akabara ko vAstava 18. Smith Ak bar the Great Mogul, P. 175. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #107
akabara kI dhArmika nIti 91 meM IsAI dharma ke viSaya meM sunane kA eka kautulla thA, zraddhA nahIM / ata: / nirAza hokara phale ke samAna isarA ziSTa maNDala bhI vApisa lauTa gayA / / govA se tRtIya suSTa mizana : sana 1665 meM akabara ne tIsarI bAra govA ke purtagAlI vAyasarAya ko vidvAna IsAiyoM kA eka ziSTa maNDala pejane ke liye eka bAminiyA IsAI ko patra dekara majA / ssa0 bAra0 mA likhate hai ki isa kAma ke liye seNTa phrAMsIsa jeviyara ke mAI kA potA pAdarI roma jeviyaTa - pAparI hamenuka pinaro aura bradara beneDikTa DI goja ko cunA gayA / ye tInoM hI apane apane patra meM bar3e yogya the / " 16 yaha mizana 5 maI 1565 maiM lAhaura pahucAM / ye lAhAra aura usake Asa pAsa ke pautra meM IsAI dharma kA pracAra karate the tathA hinduoM aura musalamAnoM ko IsAI banAte the / ssa. bAra. zarmA ke anusAra - jaba akabara maI meM kAsIra gayA to vaha apane sAtha pArI jeviyaTa vora agara gotra ko pI le gayA / ye loga vahAM navambara sana 1567 taka Thahare / jaba ye loga vahIM the to kAzmIra kI ghATI meM eka bar3A imipA par3A aura padarI ne bahuta se anAtha baccoM ko, pin, galiyoM meM marane ke liye chor3a diyA gayA thA, IsAI meM dIpita kiyA / "20 IsAI dharma kA akabara para prabhAva : akabara sabhI dharmoM ke prAcAryo, santA, vidvAnoM aura netAoM ke prati utyanta udAra va sahiSNu thA / IsAiyoM ke ziSTa maNDaloM ke prati bhI vaha ziSTa, vinaya zIla, udAra vIra sahiSNu thA / IsAI dharma ke siddhAntoM se pUrNa paricaya prApta karane kA utkRSTa abhilANI hone ke * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 19. esa. bAra. mA - hindI anuvAda mathurAlAla zarmA (bhArata maimugala 20 - " " " " sAmAjya)pa0 236 7 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #108
akabra kI dhArmika nIti kAraNa akabara ne ina pAdariyoM ke prati na kevala atA aura ziSya bhAva kA kI pradarzana kyiA apitu isAiyoM ke IsAmasIha aura mairI Adi kI mUrtiyA~ ke prati bhI yatheSTa zraddhA prakaTa kI / ina pAdariyoM ke giravAoM meM / bhI akabara prAya : AyA jAyA karatA thA / pAdariyoM kI prArthanA ke samaya kucha darabAriyoM ke sAtha girajA ghara meM jAkara merI tathA IsAmasIha ke citroM ko sASTAMga praNAma karatA thA / akabara ne pAdariyoM ko ska aspatAla sthApita karane kI anumati de dI thI / una apane dhArmika vIra sAMskRtika saMskAra va samAroha manAne kI mI svataMtratA thI / kisI sA! ke dehAvasAna ke bAda usake zva ko IsAI dharma kI paramparAnusAra kAryA aura momabattiyA~ sahita, lasa meM nagara meM se le jAne kI anumati de dI thI / jaitahaTa pAdariyoM ne muga, darabAra meM apanA eka kAleja athavA maTha mI sthApita kara liyA thA / ina IsAI pAdariyoM ko ucca zreNI ke atithI mAnate hue akabara ne inheM pratyeka prakAra kI sukha suvidhAe~ hI pradAna ! nahI kI balki inake dAne jAne tathA anya prakAra ke sAre khacoM ko bhI svayama uThAyA / akabara ke aise AtithayapUrNa vyavahAra tathA IsAI kI ke prati - itanI jijJAsA deva kara IsAI mizanarI yaha samajhane lage ki vaha IsAI kii| svIkAra karane kI ora agrasara ho rahA hai aura isI dhAraNA ke AdhAra para ina logoM ne govA aura lisavana meM upa ucca adhikAriyoM ko atiraMjita samAcAra mejane eru kara diye / jaise-samrATa ne sAre sAmrAjya meM se islAma dharma kI samApti kara dI hai aura masajidoM ko astabaloM meM parivartita kara diyA hai / jaba ki vAstavikatA yaha thI ki tarka priya hone ke kAraga jhAlA kisI aise bhI meM vizvAsa hI nahI kara sakatA thA, jo ki ilhAma tathA sattA para AdhArita thaa| . For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #109
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti www.kobatirth.org ------ khutabA va majahara habAdabAne meM muslima utpAdoM ke vAda vivAda se aura IrSyA dvega tathA Aropa pratyAropa se akabara isa niSkarSa para pahuMcA ki satya kA ina dhArmika phagar3oM se koI sambandha nahIM hai / isa liye usane eka aura to ibAdata khAne ke vdAra hindU, jaina, pArasI va IsAI santoM ke liye khole to dUsarI ora apane Apako kaTaTara dharmAMdha mullAoM ke hAni kAraka prabhAva se svataMtra karane kA nizcaya kiyA / isa hetu usane do dRDha kadama uThAye eka to itanA par3hanA aura dUsarA babhrAnta AjJA patra athavA mahajara prasArita karanA / khutabA par3hanA : usakI zAna bar3he - balla T prabhAva mukhya mAnake pada ko grahaNa karane ke liye tathA ulmAgau aura mahatva ko kama karane ke liye zukravAra, 22 jUna 1576 ko phatehapura sIkarI kI pramukha masajida kI vedI para car3hakara akabara ne kavi phaijI bArA kavitA meM racita nimna likhita butabA par3A : usa allAha ke nAma para jisane hameM sAmrAjya pradAna kiyA hai, jisane hameM vivekazIla mastiSka tathA zaktizAlI jAeM dI hai, jisane hameM dharma aura nyAya kI ora prerita kiyA hai, jisane hamAre hRdaya se ghI aura buddhi ke atirikta saba kucha nikAla diyA hai, jisake guNa mAnavI samajha se pare hai, Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir - .. 93 hu- akabara / 21 allA akabara ne khutabe ke anta meM jo akabara zabda par3he usake do artha nikalate hai / eka to yaha ki allAha saba se bar3A hai aura dUsarA For Private And Personal Use Only 21 AL-Badaoni. Trans. by W.H. Love Vol. II F. 277.

Page #110
akabara kI dhArmika nIti akabara hI alAha hai / akabara ke bo virodhI the unhoMne dUsare vyaM ko sahI mAnA aura kaTaTara dharmAdha musalamAnoM ko akabara ke viruddha bhar3akAna prArambha kara diyA / 22 lekina akbara ne kahA ki vaha imAma - e . Adila hai / islAmI vidhAna ke anusAra to khalIphA aura imAma kA pada eka hI vyakti meM sammilita honA cAhiye, e sultAnoM kI yogyatA va nirbalatA ke kAraNa mAma kA pada unnai chor3anA par3A / bhArata ke bAhara ilAmI dezoM meM rAjya karane vAle sulatAna vdArA butabA par3hA jAnA koI navIna bAta nahIM thI, kintu bhArata meM kAra dhArA jutabA par3hane aura imAma e Adila kI upAdhi dhAraNa karane se musalamAnoM ke bATara, nudAra va dhArmika varga meM lakI maca gaI / ruTaTara paMthI musalamAna samajhane lage ki ! akabara batAnIya devI sattA kA paigambara banane kA prayatma kara rahA hai| para akabara ne isa virodha aura bAropa kI paravAha na kii| mahajara athavA babhrAnta AjJA - patra : sitambara 1576 meM phajI aura abula phajala ke pitA se mubAraka ne bAdazAha ke kahane se mahajara peza kiyA jisake vyArA sAre deza meM islAma sambandhi vivAdoM meM akasara ko paMca phasaTe kA adhikAra diyA gayA / isa prapatra ko makhadUma - ula - mula, mukhya sadra babDannavI, kAjI kAhIna mulatAnI, gAjI lA badastI, sAmAjya ke muphatI aura pradhAna kAjI zekha mubAraka tathA anya prasiddha pramukha dhArmika netA ne svIkAra karate hue usa para apane hastAkSara kiye / isa prapatra kA mUla rupa adholikhita hai . " kyoMki hindustAna aba zAMti aura surakSA kA kendra tathA nyAya nIti vA sthAna bana gayA hai, jisase ucca aura nimna varga ke logoM aura! mukhyata : adhyAtma viyA vizArada vidvAna loga aura ve loga jo jJAna -1 22-Akbamama Vol. III P.P. 277-78. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #111
jd jn jiioo vijJAna kA pracAra vistAra karate hai tathA mukti ke mArga darzaka bane hue hai, varama aura phArasa se yahAM vAkara basa gaye hai / aba hama pramukha uThemA, jo kevala kAnUna ke vibhinna aMgoM ke hI vizeSajJa aura jJAtA nahIM, tarka aura pramANa para AdhArita niyA se hI paricita nahIM hai, balki apanI saccAI aura sadAzayatA ke liye bhI prasiddha hai / prathama to hamane kurAna kI bAyata"zvara kI bora paigambara kI vIra unakI tuma meM, jinheM sattA prApta hai bAjA pAlana karaNe / " dUsare saccI paramparA jo bAdamI kyAmata! ke dina budA kA pyArA hotA hai, vahI asalI netA hotA hai, jo amIra! kI bAzA kA pAlana karatA hai, vaha merI vAjJA kA pAlana karatA hai, aura jo usake prati vidroha karatA hai, vaha mere prati vidroha karatA hai, siddhAnta kA aura tIsare tarka aura pramANa para bAdhArita anya aneka sabUtoM kA bacchI taraha se mama samajha liyA hai / aura hama isa nizcaya para pahuMce hai ki nyAya priya rAjA kA sthAna hazvarIya dRSTi meM mugaja hinda (dhArmika netA ) se kahIM UMcA hotA hai|" "Age hama yaha ghoNita karate hai ki islAma zAha kA rAjA, mAnavatA kA bAya sthala, svAbhimA kA senApati, saMsAra meM svara kA svarUpa, bagula phajaha jalAludIna muhammada akabara, bAdazAhe gAjI, saba se adhika nyAya priya aura buddhi mAna rAjA hai aura use Izvara kA jJAna prApta hai|" isa liye yadi bhaviSya meM aise dhArmika prazna khar3e ho jina para mujata hindI kI rAye bhinna bhinna ho to samrATa apanI sUkSma dRSTi aura buddhimattA ke anusAra suvyavasthA kI dRSTi se deza kI bhalAI ke liye ina virodhI matoM meM se kisI eka ko svIkAra karane kI kRpA kareMge, aura yaha mata hI usakI sArI prajA para lAgU samajhA jAyegA / " yadi samrATa kurAna ke anusAra tathA deza ke hita meM koI nahIM - For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #112
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti 23 www.kobatirth.org 96 khAjJA jArI karanA ucita samajheMge to sabhI loga use mAnane ke liye bAdhya samajhe jAyeMge / aura isakA virodha karane se isa loka meM dhArmika adhikAra tathA vaha dhana sampadA se vaMcita honA par3egA tathA dUsare loka maiM kaSTa milegA yaha prapatra vizuddha bhAvanAoM ke sAtha Izvara kI kIrti aura islAma ke pracAra ke liye likhA gayA hai aura hama dharma pramukha utpAna aura pramukha dharma zAstriyoM ne 687 hijarI ke rajaba mahIne meM isa para hastAkSara kiye hai| 13 uparyukta prapatrasevakamara ko yaha adhikAra prApta ho gayA ki vaha musalima dharmazAstriyoM ke virodhI matoM meM se kisI eka ko svIkAra kareM tathA matameda vihIna mAmaloM para kisI bhI nIti ko nirdhArita kareM, bazarte ki vaha kurAna vihIta na ho| isa prakAra aba akabara ne svayaM vaha adhikAra prApta kara liye jo aba taka ulemAnoM ke baura vizeSa rUpa se pramukha sadara ke adhikAra mAne jAte the / aba se vaha musalamAna prajAjanoM ke liye dhArmika sattAdhipati mI bana gayA / akabara ke utanA par3hane se ghoSaNA patra prasArita karane se tathA sabhI dharmo ke prati sahiSNutA kI nIti apanAne se anudAra musalamAna aura ulmAva ne apanA tIvra asantoSa pragaTa kiyA vIra yaha doSa lagAyA ki vaha svayaM meM devatva kA dAvA karatA hai, apane liye Izvara ke paigambara kA praka pada prApta karanA cAhatA hai| para ye Aropa nirAdhAra hai, kyoMki akabara ne kahA ki vaha apane maiM devatva kA, IzvarIya aMza hone kA dAvA karane kI kalpanA bhI nahIM kara sakatA / vaha islAma kA anAdara bhI nahIM karatA thA, apitu usake satya siddhAntoM ke prati gaharI vAsthA rakhatA thA / san 1575 se 1580 taka kI isI avadhi meM akabara ne prati varSa bhArata se makkA madInA kI tIrtha yAtrA para jAne vAle mukhamAna yAtriyoM ke kAravAM kI vyavasthA Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir Al-Ba da ami. Trans, by W.H.Lowe Vol. II P.P.279-280 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #113
makara kI dhArmika nIti 9 rAjakoNa se kI / prati varNa vaha eka pramukha akiArI ko haba se yAtriyoM kI sambhAla karane kI vyavasthA ke liye unake sAtha vAne jAne ke liye - niyukta karatA thaa| aura ure mIra haja yA hAmI kahA jAtA thA / 24 mahabara kI ghoSaNA ke bAda bhI akabara 14 akTUbara 176 ko tIrtha yAtrA ke liye bora santa kI majAra se bArzIvAda prApta karane ke liye ajamera meM / svAjA kI daragAha para gayA thA / vApasI yAtrA meM use namAja ke liye / eka vizeNa Dere yA kheme kI vyavasthA kI / isameM vaha namAja par3hatA thA, jaisA ki karma niSTha musalamAna karatA hai| amera ke majAra kI vaha jiyArata karatA rahA / 30 julAI 1560 ko ajamera ke svAjA kI va hone se akabara ne isa samaya apane putra dAniyAla ko apane pratinidhi ke rUpa meM ajamera mejA / vAnaM usane bahuta sA na garIva va phakIroM meM bAMTAra5/ ___ ina uparokta udAra meM spaSTa hai ki anudAra ulmA ne akabara para jo doga lagAye the, ve nirAdhAra hai| .. . 24Also Bedlami Trans, by W.H.love. Vol. III P.313. 25. Al-Ba daani Trans, By W.H. Love Vol. II P.P, 280-87. + + + + + + + + For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #114
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara www.kobatirth.org aura Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir dIna-e-ilAhI For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #115
akabara kI dhArmika nIti akabara aura dIna - ra - ilAhI vambara ke dhArmika vicAroM kI pariNati dInAlAhI meM huii| usakI dhArmika nIti ke vikAsa vAra vistAra kA yaha antima rupa thA / abula phajara likhatA hai ki jaba sAmAgya se aisA samaya gatA hai ki - kisI rAtra meM satyopAsanA kA bhAva jAgrata ho to loga apane zAsaka kI ora dekheMge kyoMki apane sarvocca pada ke kAraNa zAsaka hI unakA netA ho sakatA hai | --- ka bAdazAha isa lie vibhinna mA meM sAmanyasya kA tatva dekha sakatA hai aura isake viparIta kamI - kamI sApha taura se usako ekatva meM vibhinnatA bhI dikhAI de sakatI hai / usakA pada bahuta viziSTa hai / isa lie vaha harSa aura zoka se pare hai / aba samaya yahI bAta vartamAna yuga ke zAsana ( akabara ) para lAgU hai| ---- vaha rASTra kA dhArmika netA hai aura samajhatA hai ki aise kartavya kA pAlana karatA - Izvara ko prasanna karatA hai / " ! thArmika saThiyA~ aura sattA se asantuSTa hokara akabara ne tarka ko hI dharma kA mUAdhAra batAyA aura apane sAmrAjya meM pratyeka mata sampradAya ko dhArmika svatantratA aura sahiSNutA pradAna kI / phApa vyakiAryoM vdArA ka dUsare ke prati pRNA ko bhAva phailAte dekha akabara ko atyanta ko ga pahacatA thA / isI pArmika videga ko dUra karane ke vicAra se usane samI mo kA samanvaya karane kA prayAsa kiyA aura usakA nAma - 'tavAhiye ilAhI (dIna ilAhI ) arthAta devI spezvara vAda ratA / yaha eka sAmAjika * dhArmika - prAtR - sampradAya thA, jisakA saMgaThana * 1 - Ain-1-Akbari vaa. I P.P. 163-64. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #116
akabara kI dhArmika nIti vibhinna jAtiyoM ko eka dUsare ke adhika nikaTa lAne ke vicAra se kiyA gayA thA / isakI racanA sarvajanita sahiSNutA ke siddhAnta para kI gaI thI aura svayam samrATa ne sabhI dharmoM meM se acchI bAte saMgrahIta karake isameM rakhI thI / dI nahalAhI ke abhyudaya ke kAraNa : * dInalAhI kA abhyudaya nimnalikhita kAraNoM aura paristhitiyoM Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir se huA e (1) udAra vicAra dhArAe~ akabara ko virAsata meM prApta huI / jaisA ki pahale bhI kahA jA cukA hai ki vaMza paramparA, paitRka sahiSNutA, mAtA, pitA, saMrakSaka aura zikSAka kI udAratA, dhArmika bhAvanA aura vizvAsauM kA prabhAva akabara para par3A / inhoMne akabara kI dhArmika nIti va niSThA ko udAra paMthI banAne meM bar3A yogadAna diyA / zikSaka bala latIpha dvArA paDhAye gaye sulaha kula arthAta sarvajanita zAnti ke siddhAntoM ko vaha jIvana para na mUlA / hindu rAjakumAriyoM ke sAtha hue vivAha tathA rAjapUta va hindU adhikAriyoM ke sAnnidhya va samparka se akabara hindU dharma ke siddhAntoM se adhikAdhika paricita hone ke sAtha sAtha vibhinna dharmoM ke prati aura bhI adhika sahiSNu aura udAra ho gayA / isa udAra bhAvanA kI pariNati dIna ilAhI ke rUpa meM prasphuTita huI / (2) akabara ke zAsana ke prArambha hone ke pUrva vyApaka dhArmika Andolana navIna dhArmika jAgRti aura cetanA tathA hindU aura sUphI santoM ke asAdhAraNa adhyAtmavAda ne udAratA, sahiSNutA, prema aura bhAvanA kA vAtAvaraNa nirmita kara diyA thA / isa vAtAraNa ne Izvara kI ekatA aura varga vinAza para diyA / tathA vibhinna bhoM ke samanvaya ko protsAhana diyA / hindU musalima santoM ne repezvara vAda aura baMdhutva para dhArmika vAlA umra aura sAmpradAyika va bhAva ke unmUlana para, dhArmika whe - 99 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #117
makabara kI dhArmika nIti 100 sahiSNutA, hindU muhima ekatA aura samanvaya para vyakti aura vAtmA kI abhivyakti para adhika bala diyaa| isase akabara ke upAra dhArmika vicAroM aura navIna prayorgoM ke liye mArga prazasta ho gayA / dhIre dhIre isa navIna vAtAvaraNa ke prabhAva meM usakA hRdaya samI vagA aura mA~ ke prati udAra aura sahiSNu hotA gayA jo usa yuga kI pramukha mAMga thii| akabara ne isa mAMga kI pUrti karane ke liye baura sabhI dhAM kA samanvaya karane ke liye dIna ilAhI kI sthApanA kI / (3) - adabara se pUrva ilAma rAjya dharma ke zreSTha pada para pratikita thA / jisake pariNAma svarupa rAjya kI prajA musalamAnoM aura gaira musalamAnoM maiM vipakata ho gayI thii| gaira - musalamAnI athavA hinduoM ke liye - sAmrAjya ke sabhI ucca padoM ke vdAra banda the / kintu upAra cetA, viveka ! zIla, dUradarzI, rAjanItijJa, akabara isa nItiparNa vyavasthA kA anta kr| denA cAhatA thA / isa liye usane aise dharma baura nIti ko apanAnA cAhA jisase usakI prajA ke eka bahuta bar3e vagai hinduoM ke sAtha sai vyavahAra ho sake, unake pA ko hAni na ho, aisI dhArmika nIti aura prazAsakIya kaary| ho jisase usakI AdhyAtmika pipAsA to zAnta ho hI, para usakI - samasta prajA sArvajanika rUpa se prabhAvita ho sake vAra saba ko pada va dharma kI samAnatA prApta ho sake / isa liye akabara ne prazAsana aura senA meM - vibhinna dhamAkAsviyoM ko UMce UMce padoM para kliA kisI - meda mAva! ke niyukta kiyA / rAjyapAla yA prAntIya sUbedAra, manasabadAra, vajIra Adi UMce UMce pardA para rAjapUtoM va anya hinduoM ko niyukta kiyA gayA / isa kArya se rAjya kI dRr3hatA aura sthAyitva ke liye vaha samI jAtiyoM, pA~ bAra vagAA~ ke logoM kA sahayoga aura sadbhAvanA cAhatA thA / akabara ne balAta dharma parivartana kara islAma ke prasAra kA nimeSa - kiyA vIra tIrtha yAtrA kara, jajiyA kara va aneka anucita karoM ko - + + + For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #118
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti www.kobatirth.org 101 samApta kara sabako pavitra dhArmika sthAna, devAlaya va maMdira nirmita karane kI svataMtratA de dI / akabara ne apane pUrvavartI sulatAnoM kI dhArmika saMkIrNatA, kaTutA aura islAmI rAjya kI nIti tyAga dI / usane apane kAryoM se dharma nirapekSa rAjya sthApita kiyA / isa dharma nirapekSa rAjya maiM vaha vibhinna dharmAvalambiyoM ko eka hI maMca para lAne ko utsuka aura prayatna zIla thA / isa prayAsa kA pariNAma dIna ilAhI huA / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir (4) akabara dharmaM niSTha aura cintazIla vyakti thA, use vizva aura mAna jIvana - ke gUDhatama rahasyoM ko jAnane tathA nirantara samajhane kI atRpta pipAsA thI, adhyAtma jJAna prApti kI anUThI jijJAsA thI tathA nirantara satyAnveSaNa karane kI alaukika pravRtti bhI thI / isI se badAyUMnI ne bhI likhA hai ki - bahudhA akabara uSNAkAla meM phatehapura ke rAja bhavana ke samIpa eka prAcIna bhavana ke nirjana bhAga meM par3e eka prastara khaNDa para ghaNTau akelA kA dArzanika tathyoM aura jIvana ke nigUr3ha rahasyoM para vicAra kiyA .. karatA thA / * 2 vibhinna dharmo ke sabhI siddhAntoM aura tatvoM ko jAnane kI usameM apUrva utkaMThA thI / akabara kI dhArmika nIti aura vicAra usake isa janmajAta AtmIya aMkura va adhyAtma jJAna prApti kI jijJAsA kA prasphuTana thA / isI se vaha kameTha rAjakIya jIvana meM satyAnveSaNa ke satata prayoga karatA thA, jisakA pariNAma dIna ilAhI ke rUpa meM udaya hubA / (5) islAma dharma ke siddhAntoM kI vizada jAnakArI ke liye akabara ne 1575 maiM ibAdata khAnA nirmita kiyA aura vahAM rekhA, sayadoM aura AlimoM ke dhArmika vAda vivAda aura goSThiyAM sunI / hamAladata jAne kI sthApanA kI to usane islAma ke sacce siddhAntoM ko samajhane ke liye thI lekina isakA pariNAma ulTA hI nikalA kyoMki islAma ke siddhAntoM ko samajhane kI 2- AL-Badaoni Trans. by W.H. Lowe Vol. II P., 203. For Private And Personal Use Only wo

Page #119
jhd lii rNn thee 102 bAta to eka bAra ratI, yahAM to pArmika vAda - vivAdoM meM ziyAoM aura sunniyoM ke pArasparika phagaI, videNa, kaTutA, Aropa pratyAropa kA bAhulya ho gayA / akabara ko isase bar3I nirAzA huI aura vaha isa ko sandeha kI dRSTi se dekhane lagA / jaba imAma ke prati usakI niSThA kama ho gaI to usane ibAdata khAne meM vibhinna viliviyoM ko apane dharma ke satya siddhAntoM ke pravacanoM ke liye AmaMti kyiA / unake dhArmika vivo vIra pravacanoM meM usane satya kI khoja karatA cAhI / akabara ne - vinda, jaina, pArasI, IsAI va islAma kI ke siddhAntoM kA bar3I sAvadhAnI va lagana se adhyayana kyiA / unake upadeza, rIti - rivAjoM aura utsavoM ke vibhinna go kA manana kyiA / mAnava jIvana aura vicAroM para unake prabhAva ko lapiAta kyiA / ukabara yA kArya ikAita khAne meM apane / darabAra meM aura vyaktigata bheToM meM nirantara sAta vA~ taka karatA rahA / anta meM akabara apane dIrgha anubhava, adhyavasAsa, dharma carcAoM aura adhyayana ke AdhAra para isa niSkarSa para pahuMcA ki yapi hara dharma meM satya kA aMza hai, parantu pratyeka meM mahatva pUrNa kamI hai| sabhI dhamoM meM kucha aise - vibhinna utsava va rasma hai, jo paraspara virodhI aura kaTavA utpanna karatI hai / atasva na to kevala isa ma hI aura na anya dhAM meM se koI ska dharma hI saba ko eka rASTrIya skatA meM bAMdha sakatA hai / isa liye akabara isa samasyA ke hala ke liye ska resA meM cAhatA thA jisameM pracalita dhA~ kI acchAzyAM va saccAI ho, para kliI dharma kI burAI na ho / vaha aisA maiM cAhatA thA jisameM sAmpradAyika meda - mAoM ko vismANa kara saba loga zAzvata dharma ke sArvabhauma va sarva mAnya AvaraNa ke yukta siddhAntoM ke anuyAyI ho sake / dhArmika va sAMskRtika purnajAgaraNa kI pRSTha imi meM dhArmika - saMkIgatA aura neda - bhAvoM se Upara uTha kara akabara apanI prajA meM samAna dharma phalAnA cAhatA thA / akabara ne kahA ki" eka zAsaka ke adhIna - sAmAjya meM padi anatA raspara vibhakta hai aura E eka idhara bAtA hai aura + + + + For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #120
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti dUsarA udhara jAtA to yaha bar3A doSa hai / ata: hamako cAhiyeM ki hama saba ko eka karadeM, parantu isa prakAra ki ve skatA ke sAtha eka aura sampUrNa ho tAki kisI dharma ke guNa se ve vaMcita na raha jAye eka dharma sAtha unheM dUsare dharma kI acchAI kA bhI lAbha mila jAya. .. ke guNa ke sAtha isa prakAra Izvara kA sammAna hogA, logoM ko zAnti prApta hogI aura sAmrAjya kI rakSA hogI / 3 ata: akabara ne vibhinna dharmo ke satya tathA mahatva pUrNa siddhAnta apane mastiSka meM saMkalita kara liye aura phira unheM lipibaddha karA liyA / inameM saba dharmoM kA samanvaya thA, jo ki dona halAr3I ke nAma se vikhyAta huA / dIna ilAhI kA svarUpa : > Akad me qe mbro - www.kobatirth.org th musalima itihAsakAra tathA kaTaTara dharmAnya mullA badAyUMnI ne dona ilAhI ko eka nayA dharma mAnA hai / smitha ne bhI ise eka nayA dharmaM mAnA 5 --- He says-Akbar's long-Cherished project of establishing throught his empire one universal religion, formilated & Controlled by himself, was avowed publicly for the first time in 1582," esa0Ara0 zarmA kA mata hai ki ^^ usane apanI prajA ke donoM mukhya vargI (hindU aura musalamAna ) ke pArasparika matabhedoM ko miTAne kA yatna kiyA / usane donoM jAtiyoM meM paraspara vivAda kI prathA kA udAharaNa upasthita kiyA / uUMce pada aura upAdhiyoM dene meM usane sabako barAbara samajhA aura saba se bar3A kAma usane yaha kiyA ki eka nayA gha calAyA jisase eka naye saMsAra kI sRSTi hogI / .. ' Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 3- According to Bartoli quoted from Smdth: Akbar the great Magul P,211-12 14 Smith : Akbar the great Mogul P. 209. esa. bAra zarmA hindI anuvAdaka mathurAlAla zarmA For Private And Personal Use Only 103 bhArata maiM mugala sAmrAjya pR0 268

Page #121
bhaLasara kI dhArmika nIti 101 parantu dIna ilAhI koI navIna dharma yA sampradAya nahIM thA isameM jo saba thamA~ ke satya siddhAntoM kA samanvaya dhA / akabara kI svayama kI icchA mI kisI navIna dharma ko sthApita karane kI nahI thii| isake alAvA navIna dharma ke liye yaha bAvazyaka hai ki usakA koI ka likhita dharma grantha ko, nizcita prArthanA ho, koI maMdira yA nizcita upAsanA gRha ho, doI sAmpradAyika dhArmika cinna lathavA purohita varga ho / lekina dInailAhI meM aisA kucha na thA / isa liye hama dIna ilAhI ko eka navIna dhrm| sampradAya tathavA mata nahI kaha sakate hai aura na hI akabara ko usakA pravartaka athavA paigambara / dIna ichAhI to ska sAmAjika aura dhArmika saMsthA thI jisakA Azya deza ke vibhinna vilamviyoM ko paraspara milAnA thA / isakI nIva presa, saccAI, samAcaraNa, saMyama aura sahiSNutA para thA. rita thI tathA isameM sulaha - e - kula cha ke siddhAnta the / isameM hinduoM, niyo, pArasiyoM ke siddhAntoM kA sAra thA aura IzvarI ekatA kA siddhAnta thaa| dIna ilAhI kA prArama : ___ mArca 1582 meM kAku abhiyAna se lauTa Ane ke vAda akabara ne apane ! pramukha adhikAriyoM aura darabAriyoM kA eka sammelana kAyA aura unake - sammukha dIna kAlI kA svarUpa prastuta kiyA / upasthita rahasyoM ne vIna ilAhI ke svarUpa se sahamati pragaTa kI aura kahA ki bAdazAha Izvara ke bahuta samIpa hai| usakA pada bahuta UMcA aura usakI buddhi bar3I prabala hai / isa liye vaha sAre sAmrAjya ke liye eka pUrNa aura sArvajanika nirmANa ke liye bAvazyaka devatA, utsava, balidAna, niyama, rIti rasa Adi jo. mI Avazyaka ho, nizcita kareM / isa sabhA ke bAda akabara ne ekacha itt| zekha ko saba bora yaha poSita karane mejA ki alpakAla meM hI sampUrNa mugala sAmrAjya meM paravAra se pracArita 4 mAnA jAyegA aura sabhI loga ise For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #122
akasara kI dhArmika nIti baiTha dharma mAnakara apanAne ko taiyAra rahai / " bapAnI jo ki zAyada usa samaya vahAM upasthita thA likhatA hai ki isa naye 4 ke prastAva kA virodha sabhA meM hI gamera ke rAjA vihArImala ne kyiA / usane kahA ki yaha svaiza pUrvaka svIkAra kara lUMgA ki hinduoM aura musalamAnoM meM pratyeka kI kharAba hai / para hama kevala yaha batAye ki nayA rma kyA hai aura vaha kyA mata rakhatA hai, tAki meM vizvAsa kr| sakuM / usa para akabara thor3I dera vicAra magna rahA aura phira usane rAjA bhagavanta dAsa ko nayA dharma svIkAra karane ke liye gAgraha nahIM kiyA / 7 // bagula phajala pI isase sahamata hai / isI prakAra kucha varSoM bAda akabara ne mAnasiMha se paza ki kyA vaha dIna ilAhI ke antargata akabara kA ziSyatvA svIkAra karegA ? isa para mAnasiMha ne uttara diyA ki yadi shissytv| kA yahI abhiprAya hai ki apane prANoM kA balidAna karane ko taiyAra rahanA cAye to meM apanI jAna ko hamezA hathelI para rakhatA hUM aura ise pramA-1 Nita karane ke liye adhika pramArgA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, kintu yadi / isakA artha yaha hai ki apane ko ko chor3A jAya to meM hindU hai / isake bAda akabara ne mAnasiha se bAtacIta banda kara dI aura use sthAnAntarita karake baMgAla bheja diyA / " dInAlAhI kA vidhi vidhAna : - - - - -- -- - -- - - - - - -- - -- - dInahalAnI kA prathaka vidhi vidhAna thA / isa sampradAya meM sammilita hone vAle pratyeka akti ko akabara se dIpA lenI par3atI thI / jaba koii| vyakti isakA sadasya hotA cAlatA thA to ubula phajala ke pAsa, jo isa 6-Smith : Ak bar the great Mogul, P. 212, 7. Al-Ha da oni Trans, by WE, LOW Tal. II. P. 323 Ain-1___Akbari Trans. by H.Blochnam Vol. I. P. 198 Sw AL-Ba da oni Trans, by W.H. Lowe Vol. II P. 375. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #123
akabara kI dhArmika nIti 106 * * sampradAya ke pradhAna purohita the jAtA aura use apane irAdoM kI pavitratA aura saccAI ke prati sahamata karatA thA / isake bAda abula phajala isa vyakti ko ambara ke pAsa le jAkara usakA paricaya karAtA aura vaha vyakti apanI pagar3I apane hAtha meM lekara, apanA sira bAdazAha ke kadamoM maiM rakhatA thA / bAdazAha use uThAtA thA, use sira para pagar3I rakhatA aura use zista athavA apanA svarUpa pradAna karatA thA jisa para Izvara kA nAma tathA" ballAho akabara khudA hotA thA / yaha bagUThI svastika ke AkAra kI hotI thI / isa vidhi kA yaha abhiprAya thA ki samrATa ne use ziSya banAnA svIkAra kara liyA hai| ziSya se yaha AzA kI jAtI thI ki vaha samrATa ke anukaraNa dvArA apanA sudhAra karegA / tathA AvazyakatAnusAra samrATa se maukhika zikSA grahaNa karegA / dInailAhI ke sadasya apane gurU aura dIna ilAhI ke paigambara samrATa akabara kI sone kI ratna jaDita pratimUrti ko rezama ke Tukar3e meM lapeTa kara apanI pagar3I meM rakhate the / dIna hI maiM dIkSita vyaktiyoM ko 1 pavitra zasta aura pavitra dRSTi kabhI bhUla nahIM karatI / isa pakti ko bAra bAra doharAte the / yaha dIkSA samAroha ravivAra ke dina hotA An ** thA, kyoMki ravivAra sUrya kA dina mAnA jAtA thA / dIkSA dekara ziSya banAne se akabara kA tAtparya use apanA anucara banAnA nahI apitu Izvara kI sevA meM dIkSita karanA thA / dInalAhI ke siddhAnta : Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir dInAlAhI ke sadasyoM ko nimnalikhita siddhAntoM athavA guNoM kA pAlana karanA par3atA thA / (1) jIvana meM udAratA aura dAnazIlatA kA pAlana karanA / (2) sAMsArika icchAoM kA parityAga karanA / Aim-1-Akbari Vol. I Trans, by H, Blochmann P. P. 174-75: For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #124
dd2 G.E.O. sNl sNr 107 (3) saba ke sAtha dhIme svara se komala vAgI, malI bAta bAra madhura bhASaNa se bAtacIta karatA tathA sahavyavAhAra karatA / (4) acche aura uDbhuta kArya karane kI icchA rakhanA / / (5) apane bandhuoM se sadvyavahAra karanA aura unakI icchAoM ko apanI IcchA ke Upara mahatva denA / (6) iTakarmiyoM ko kSAmA dAna denA aura koSa kA narasI se nirA. karaNa karanA / (7) bIvoM se pUrNa virakti aura paramAtmA ko se lagAva rakhanA / (E) bapane karmoM ke phaloM aura prabhAva para vicAra karanA, mAna karanA, tathA bhakti va jJAna kI vRddhi karanA / (6) sAMsArika astitva ke banthoM se mukta hone tathA paraloka ke liye puNya saMcita karane hetu lAlasA rakhanA aura kArya karanA / (10) zvezvara vAda meM vizvAsa karanA, bhagavata prema aura bhagavata bhakti meM AtmA ko lagAnA aura lAtmA kA paramAtmA meM saMyoga karanA / hasa prakAra vyaktigata jIvana kI pavitratA aura jIvana ke kAryoM ke prati pavitra dRSTikoNa para hana siddhAntoM meM adhika kA diyA gayA hai| ye siddhAnta vizva vyApI hai aura gabhaga pratyeka ghara meM pAye jAte hai / dIna ilAhI ke rIti-rivAja va niyama : dIna ilAhI ke rIti - rivAja va niyama adholijita the - pIna lAhI ke anuyAyI jaba paraspara eka dUsare se milate the to kami vAdana ke liye eka kahatA thA / " allAho akabara usake uttara meM dusarA javAva detA thA jalle * jalAte hU / resA vAhane kA udezya manuSya ko usake jIvana kI utpatti para sau kane bAra izvara kI kRtajJa smRti meM tAjA aura sajIva rakhanA thA / " 10 dIna ilAhI ke sabhI sadastha samrATa akabara 10- Ain-1-Akbart Trans, by H. Blochmenn Val.I.P. 175. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #125
akabara kI dhArmika nIti ko sASTAMga praNAma karate the| jise jamIna bosa athavA sijadA mI kahA jAtA hai aura jo ki hindU tathA musalamAna dono dharmoM meM pracalita thI smitha likhatA hai ki dIna ilAhI ke pratyeka sadasya ko apane janma dina para dAvata denA aura dAna puNya karanA par3atA thA / isa prakAra mRtyu ke pazcAta moja dene kI prathA ke sthAna para hara sadasya ko apane jIvana kAla maiM hI sundara zrAddha bhoja denA par3atA thA, jisase vaha apanI antima yAtrA ke liye puNya saMcaya kara sake / 11 jahAM taka nima sake, dInalAhI ke sadasyoM ko mAMsa bhakSaNa kI chUTa thI / janma ke mAha meM to ve mAMsa ko chU bhI nahI sakate the / kasAiya machero aura cir3ImArI ke bartana ye loga kAma meM nahIM lAte the| lahasuna, pyAja khAnA bhI niSiddha thA / ** Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 11- Smith: Akbar the great Mogul P. 218. 12- Smith Akbar the great Mosul P. 219 13- Atn-1-akbari Vol, I. P. 166 isa mata ke anuyAyoM ko sUrya aura agni kI upAsanA karanI par3atI thI / prAta: sandhyA, madhyAnha aura madhya rAtri cAra bAra pUrva dizA kI aura muMha karake pUjA kI jAtI thI / mRtaka manuSya ke dAha saMskAra ke sambandha meM smitha kA kahanA hai ki logoM ke sira pUrva kI vAra tathA paira dakSiNa kI ora karake daphanAye jAte the / akabara ne isI taraha apane ziSyoM ko bhI sone kI AjJA dI thI / 12 abala phajala likhatA hai ki "Members should not chhabit with pregnant, 01d and barren women for with girls under the age of puberty " 13. islAma dharma meM namAja ke samaya svarNa aura jarI ke vastroM ko pahanane kI manAhI hai para dIna ilAhI meM sArvajanika prArthanA ke samaya aura dUsare samaya meM inakA dhAraNa karanA Avazyaka thA / isa mata ke anuyAyiyoM For Private And Personal Use Only 108

Page #126
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti ke liye bAr3I mur3AnA Avazyaka thA / dInalAhI ke anuyAyiyoM kA vargIkaraNa va sadasya saMkhyA www.kobatirth.org dIna ilAhI ke anuyAyiioM ko cAra bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA thA / badAyUMnI ke anusAra bAra sIr3hiyA~ thI sampatti, jIvana, sammAna aura thI bAdazAha ko arpaNa kara denA / jo ina cAroM padArthoM ko arpaNa kara detA thA, use cAra sIr3hiyAM milatI thii| jo eka padArtha arpaNa kara detA thA use eka sIr3hI / saba darabAriyoM ne apane nAma siMhAsana ke bahava ziSyoM kI sUcI meM likhavA diye the / (14) lekina aisA pratIta hotA hai ki badAyUMnI ne yahAM para majAka hI kiyA hai, kyoMki vaha svayam una saba darabAriyoM meM nahIM thA jinhoMne cAroM padArtha samrATa ko arpaNa kara diye the / aura taba bhI vaha apane jIvana ke zeNa 15 varSa taka akabara ke darabAra meM rahA thA / usane svayam dInailAhI apanAne vAle kevala solaha darabAriyoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA 1. babula phajala khalIphA 2 mubAraka nAgorI, 4 (14) (15) " / jaba ki babula phajala ne do nAma aura likhe hai / mabula phajala kahatA hai ki vIrabara ke atirikta ve saba musalamAna the lekina badAyUMnI ke kahane se yaha mAluma hotA hai ki anuyAyiyoM kI saMkhyA aura adhika hogI / (15) dInAlAhI ke sAdhAraNa sadasyoM kI saMkhyA bhI kucha hajAra se adhika nahI thI kintu sAmrAjya ke adhikAMza viziSTa puruSa isameM sammilita nahIM hue tatkAlIna viziSTa vyaktiyoM meM se kevala aThAraha vyakti hI isake sadasya the / maulAnA muhammada husaina ne ina kaThAraha vyaktiyoM ke nAma isa prakAra ginAye hai - 1 - - Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir phaijI, darabAra kA pradhAna kavi, 3 zekha - jAphara baiga Asapha khAM, itihAsa lekhaka aura ki 109 Aim-1-Akbari Vol. I. P. 191. -do -do P. 209. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #127
jd sNn jiioo 110 5 - kAsima kAbulI, kavi 6 - avdula samada, daravAra kA citrakAra bAra kavi / 7- bAjA bA kokA, makke se lauTane para 8 - mulA zAha - muhammada zAhAbAdI, itihAsa - lekhaka : sUphI ahamada / 10 - sadara jahAna, sAre bhArata ke pradhAna muphatI aura ( 11-12 ) inake donoM putra! 13 - mIra zarIpha upalI, 14 - sultAna khvAjA sadara, 15 - mirajA! jAnI, ThaThaThe kA hAkima, 16 - nakI zostarI kavi aura do sadI * mana sabadAra 17 zekhajAdA gosAlA banArasI 18 bIrabala / 16 magarva-nta dAsa, mAnasiha bora ToDaramala jaise labdha pratiSThita ucca padAdhikArI pI isake sadasya nahIM the| pratikSita vyaktiyoM meM se kevala bIraka ne hI ise svIkAra kiyaa| dIna ilAhI kI asaphalatA : dInAlAhI akabara kI mRtyu ke sAtha hI samApta ho gayA / yaha sAdhAraNa logoM ko apanI ora AkRrNita nahI kara sakA aura na hI janatA meM loka priya bana sakA / dIna ilAhI ke pracAra bAra prasAra ke liye akabara ne IsAI . mizanariyoM ke samAna yA yUropa ke IsAI rAjAoM ke samAna kArya nahIM kiye / isake rAja vyApI pracAra ke liye akabara ne rAjya stara para koI vibhAga yA adhikArI niyukta nahIM kiye, koha~ niyama yA upa niyama nahI banAye / zAsakIya yA azAsakIya stara para koI saMgaThana yA saMsthA mI sthApita nahI kI aura na kisI prakAra kA purohita varga hI pratiSThita kiyaa| dInAlAhI svIkAra karane ke liye akabara ne kisI ko bAdhya nahIM kiyA / isa mata kA anuyAyI banane ke liye akabara ne sAma, dAma, daNDa bheda se kisI ko bAdhya nahIM kiyA / isa sampradAya meM sammilita 16 - akavarI darabAra hindI anuvAdaka rAmacandra varmA pahalA bhAga 0146-42 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #128
akabara kI dhArmika nIti hone ke liye akabara ne kisI ko zAsakIya sevAoM meM lene yA rAjya ke UMce padoM para niyukta karane athavA apAra dhana dene kA palomana nahIM . diyA / akabara ke sAnnidhya meM rahane vAle jina vyaktiyoM ne dInAlAhI: meM sammilita honA svIkAra nahIM piyA, una para mI akabara kI anukampA pUrvavata hI banI rhii| satya to yaha hai ki akabara bar3A udAra vIra sahana zIla thA / usane logoM ko apanI iczanusAra kisI bhI dharma ko svIkAra yA vasvIkAra karane tathA apanA vyaktigata dharma pAne kI svataMbatA de rakhI thI / usakI dhArmika nIti aura dIna lAhI se matabheda rakhane vAle vyaktiyoM ke viruddha pI usane koI kadama nahIM uThAye / aisI dazA meM dIna ilAhI ke sadasyoM kI saMkhyA meM vRddhi honA asambhava thA / badAyUMnI likhatA hai ki akabara ne dIna ilAhI ke sadasya banAne ke liye zakti yA dabAva se kAma nahIM liyA, yadi vaha adhikArI kA prayoga karatA aura isake prasAra ke liye thor3A bhI rupayA vyaya karatA to mekA! neka sadasya banA letA / 17 ___akabara ke dInAlAhI kA jAdarza usake yuga kI bhAvanA bora pAra-1 NAoM se bahuta vAge thA / sAdhAraNa loga jo ilAma kI kaTaTaratA meM vizvAsa karate the, unhone yA to dInAlAhI ko apanAyA nahIM yA hicakicAhaTa aura saMzaya se ise svIkAra kiyA / ve isake rAjanItika, dhArmika aura rASTrIya mahatva ko samajha nahI sake / aisA pratIta hotA ki lAvAvara kI AdhyAtmavAdI va dhArmika vicAra dhArA usa yuga se bahuta bAne thIM / kyoMki vaha yuga vibhinna mA~ kI pAramparika mata * vibhinnatA va saMgharSa kA yuga thA / aise yuga meM samanvaya aura rASTrIya pravRti vAle dIna ilAhI kA prasAra honA sambhava thA / sa liye dIna-1 halAhI akabara ke dehAvasAna ke sAtha hI samApta ho gyaa| 17- A1-Badaani. Trans. by N.H.Lon0 Vol. II P. 323. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #129
akabara kI dhArmika nIti ..........112 According to Smith: The organization can not wall have mrvived the murder of Abul Fazal, Its high priest, so to say, and of course, it ceased to exist with the death of Akbar, 18. ___yapi jahAMgIra ne akabara kI bhAMti ziSya dIkSiAta karane tathA zasta va apane citra kucha viziSTa vyaktiyoM ko pradAna karane ke prayAsa kiye, para yaha kevala aupacArika kArya thA / isa taraha dInAlAhI ke bandhu samAja kA, akabara kAlIna Adarza vAda kA AdhAra samApta ho gyaa| dIna ilAhI ke viSaya meM vibhinna vidvAnoM ke mata : dInAlAhI kI prazaMsA aura mAlocanA meM vibhinna itihAkArI aura vidvAnoM ne apane apane mata vyakta kiye hai / akabara ke isa AdarzavAda maiM bAratolI ko cAlAkI vIra dhurtatA hI dikhAI dI thii| smitha mI dahatA hai ki yaha thAmika kaTaTaratA kA unmAda thA jo maI san 1578 meM akabara ko AyA / yaha usakI vibhinna dharmA meM gahana ruci kA lapANa thA / jo san 1578-76 meM prakaTa huA thA, jisake bAda hI AgAmI varNa! ke sitambara meM usane apanI acUka vyavasthA jArI kI thI / Age calakara - smitha kahatA hai ki dIna lAhI prakAra kI mUrkhatA kA sAraka hai buddhimattA kA nahI ----- yaha samasta yojanA hAsyAspada damma kA pariNAma pI, usakI aniyaMtrita niraMkuzatA kI upaja thI / 18 According to Laurence Binyon : " The divine faith was, of course, a failure and destined to failurz, In religious soci el tos toleration is no virtue, 1t is the despised offspring of lukewarmess or indifference, A 18- Sat th | Akbar the great Hosul. P. 222 19. Smith Ak bar the great mogul P. 163-222 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #130
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti 20 creed to simple was obvious to the reproach of vagueness and emptiness the religion which was to have united all, pleased none. Akbar who had revolted so far from the intolerance of his ancestral creed, now impaired his own toleration by invidious ordinances against Muhammadan practices... this descendent of con querors who had treated all alien creeds with fierce contempt was warped into oppressing of all faith, the faith in which he was bred." 20. pro0 esa0 vAra0 zarmA ke matAnusAra jayabara eka ucca koTi kA rAjanItijJa thA aura kahA karatA thA ki eka zAsaka ke adhIna sAmrAjya maiM yadi janatA paraspara vinata hai aura eka idhara jAtA hai aura dUsarA udhara jAtA hai to yaha bar3A doSa hai / ata: hamako cAhiye ki isa prakAra ki ve hama saba ko eka karade para ekatA ke sAtha eka aura sampUrNa ho, tAki kisI dharma ke guNa se ve vaMcita na raha jAye eka dharma guNa ke sAtha sAtha unheM dUsare kI kI acchAI kA bhI lAbha mila jAya isa prakAra Izvara kA sammAna hogA, logoM ko zAnti prApta hogI bII sAmrAjya kI rakSA hogI / 21 4A DA0 e0 ela0 zrIvAstava kA mata hai ki dIna ilAhI kI sthApanA mai akabara kA mahAna rAjanaitika uddezya yaha thA ki isake dvArA vaha hindU aura musalamAna dharmoM ko milA sake aura mugala sAmrAjya me rAjanaitika ekatA kAyama kara sake / 22 Laurence Binyon 21 esa. Ara. zarmA hindI anuvAdaka ema. ela. 22 e. rU. zrIvAstava mugala kAlIna bhArata pR0 - - www.kobatirth.org 0 * Akbar - Short Biographies No. 21 PP 131-32 me mugala sAmrAjya pR0268 zarmA bhArata 201 11: W

Page #131
akalara kI dhArmika nIti dInAlAhI kI vAlocanA va samIpA: - -- -- - - - --- - - uparokta matoM se spaSTa hai ki dInAlAhI ke viSaya meM paraspara virodhI mata aura vicAra prakaTa kiye gaye hai smitha tathA laoNrensa vinayAna ne dInahalAnI kI kaTu AlocanA kI hai unake matAnusAra akabara apanI pUjA karAne vAlA khuzAmadI vyakti thA / ata : usane isa navIna dharma kA pracAra kiyA / jisase ki vaha Izvara kA ita bAlAyA jA sake / isake alAvA rAjasattA, adhikAra, dhana sampannatA aura aizvarya ne akabara kA sira phera diyA thA, isa liye usane ekA navIna sampradAya kI sthApanA kI aura apane ko usakA guru athavA paigambara kahA~ / usane dharma aura rAjanIti donoM ko miTA diyA / isa liye vaha kAphala rahA aura dIna rupI dA anta nirAzAzataka duA / ina moM kA khaNDahana Adhunika bhAratIya itihAsakAroM ne kiyA hai jinameM ssa. Ara. mA athA e. ela. zrIvAstava pramukha hai| unake matAnusAra akabara bahuta hI vinIta tathA nirAbhimAnI puruNa thA aura dIna ilAhI kI sthApanA usane ThApane ADambara kI saMtuSTi ke liye nahIM kI thI / dIna ilAhI kI sthApanA ke pIche abAbara kA uddezya logoM meM apane adhIna kisI sampradAya ke caMgula meM phaMsAne kA nahIM thA / vaha sAmrAjya sattA prApti ke sAtha sAtha, popa, salIphA athavA paigambara nanane kI koI mahatvAkAMpA mI nahIM rakhatA thA / vA' dInabahasa hI ke dvArA mithayA prakAra kI saMtuSTi mI nahI karanA cAhatA thA / aura na hI vaha apanI anupama prazaMsA yA devatulya pajA kA icchuka thaa| ArUka navIna dharma sthApita karake thI pUrvataka janane kA lakSya mI akabara kA nahIM thA, kyoMki yadi dIna lAhI kI sthApanA meM lakavara ke ye uddezya hote to vaha isake pracAra ke liye rAjya ke sabhI adhikArI, zaktiyA~, aura sAdhanA kA adhikatama upayoga karatA parantu usane aisA nahIM kiyA / For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #132
akabara kI dhArmika nIti 115 niSkarNa rUpa meM hama kaha sakate hai ki dIna lAhI akabara ke pothe va phUThe bapimAna kI upaja thA / hAsyAspada nirarSaka yojanA aura nirakuMza ekataMtra kA rupa mI nahIM thA, yadi aisA hotA to vaha apane sambandhiyA~ mitroM tathA darabAriyoM ko dIna ilAhI svIkAra karane ko - kAtA, una para use lAdane kA prayatna karatA / vaha to udAra va saM . nirapeDA vicAra dhArA kA zreSTha zAsaka thA / vaha hinduoM aura musalamAnoM ko ska rASTrIya dharma meM bAMdhanA cAhatA thA, dono jAtiyoM meM - rAjanaitika, sAmAjika, sAMskRtika vAra dhArmika skatA sthApita karatA cAhatA thA, vimina mA ke siddhAntoM kA skI meM samanvaya karanA cAhatA thaa| isa liye hama kaha sakate hai ki dIna kAhI akabara kI . samanvaya pravRtti aura udAra sahiSNu prakRti kI mahAna babhivyakti pii|| islAma damana ke sambandha meM akabara para lagAye gaye dhAropa : dInalAhI ke sambandha meM paricaya prApta kara lene ke pazcAta prazna yaha uThatA hai ki kyA kabara ne islAma dharma ko tyAga diyA thA ? isa prazna ke uttara meM hameM akabara para lagAye gaye gAropa tathA unakI samIkSA karake yA dekhanA hogA ki vAstavikatA vyA hai ? smitha tathA iljara hega bAdi itihAsakAroM kA mata hai ki jaba eka aura akabara ne pratyeka ke liye sahiSNu nIti kA bakamcana kiyaa| to dUsarI aura usane kaTaTara parasAma dharma ko hAni pahuMcAI / yaha vicAra ! dhArA IsAI dharma pracArako tathA badAyanI dene kathana para AdhArita hai| bekArIja ne bhI badAyUnI ke mata kA samarthana kiyA aura akadara para bAdhunika ra yUropIya itihAsakAroM ne islAma kI ora se muMha mor3ane kA Aropa lagAyA / badAyunI kI pustaka "muntakhaba-utA-tavArIkha" ke AdhAra para tathA IsAI dharma pracArako ke kathanoM ke AdhAra para akabara para jo islAma kAM ko zer3ane kA dogAropaNa kiyA gayA hai usake For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #133
dlii riil jiir 118 liye adholikhita udAharaNa prastuta kiye jA sakate haiM - (1) badAyunI likhitA hai ki " akabara ne namAja varjita kara dI thI usane / darabAra meM namAja par3anA niSiddha kara diyA thA / darabAra - ra - jAma meM ajAna banda karavA dI thI, jo ki pAMca samaya par3I jAtI thI / usane - logoM ko apane svayam tathA apane baccoM ke liye muhammada vAra ahamada nAma rakhane kI manAhI kara dI thI, kyoMki vaha muhammada ke nAma se ghRNA karane lagA thA / isa liye kA jahAM paigambara muhammada kA nAma jAtA thA, vahAM! vAM usane nAma parivartita kara diye / 23 (2) akabara ne namAja ke samaya rezamI vastroM aura ApUSaNoM ke pahanane kii| sanumati de dI jaba ki islAma meM maiM namAja ke samaya jarI ke vastra dhAraNa karanA niSedha hai| (3) musalamAnI dharma ke anusAra rojA rakhanA, Ida kA tyohAra manAnA, ! musalima tyohAroM ko manAnA vAdi akabara ne chor3a diyA thA aura inake sthAna para usane dIvAlI, holI, rapA banyA se hindU tyohaarii| ko apanA liyA thaa| (4) IsAI pAdarI pInhIro likhatA hai ki isa bAdazAha ne muhammada ke kuThe dharma ko naSTa kara diyA, use bilakula badanAma kara diyA / isa zahara meM na to koI masajida hai, nakurAna / jo masajida pahale se thI, unheM / ghor3oM kA astabala yA godAma banA diyA gayA hai / musalamAnoM ko . atyanta lajjita karane ke liye pratyeka zukravAra ko 40 yA 50 sUvara lAkara bAdazA ke sAmane lar3Aye jAte hai / vaha unake khAMgoM (daMSTA ) ko lekara / sone meM madA kara rakhatA hai | bAdazAha ne apanA eka nayA dharma banAyA hai, jisakA vaha svayam paigambara hai | 25 23- AZ-Badamni Trans, by K.H. Lowe Vol. II P. 324 24 - Al-Badamni Trans, by WH, Lowe Vol. II P. 204,6 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #134
Bd chii sNtth sNthi 5, usane musalima tIrtha yAtriyoM ko protsAhita nahIM kiyA / musalamAnoM kI haba ke yAtriyoM ko rAjakIya ghana se bhejanA banda kara diyA thaa| 6. akabara nai eDa masaji giravA dI thIM kucha ko pA viruddha kArmA meM upayoga karanA prArambha kara diyA thA | muDa masaji ko lUTA aura kaI magna va giratI huI masajidoM kA jINodvAra nahIM krvaayaa| 7. akabara ne apanI musalamAna prajA ko havAmata karA kara dAr3I banAne kI banumati de dI thI tathA juvA khelane va sada lene kI anumati de dI jabaki islAma meM hana bAtoM kA nirNaSa hai| 8. akabara ne bayAna ke liye banI dIvAroM ko tar3avA diyA / EUR. And th : Says - The 81J dah or prostration, hitherto considered la wul only in divino worship, was declared to be the duo of the emperor...25. 10. akabara ne khutabA par3hA vIra majahara athavA babhrAnta bAjJA patra prasArita kiyA / bavAnI kA kahanA hai ki mahajara para mullArvA va zekhoM se jabaradastI hastAtara karA liye gaye / 26 11 akabara ne hinduoM kA par3A dekara govaya banda karA diyA, sUrya va vagni kI pUjA karane lagA tathA hindU saMskAroM ko apanAne lgaa| 12 dInAlAhI ke musalima anuyAyiyoM ke paira pazcima kI bora arthAta mukapAnI ke tIrtha sthAna makkA kI bora tathA sira parva kI bora rakha kara * daphanAyA jAtA thA / jaba ki musalamAnoM ko pazcima kI ora sira tathA pUrva kI baura para rakha kara daphanAyA jAtA thA / 13. bakabara nai varavI mAmA ko protsAhana nahIM diyA aura kurAna kI pratiyAM naSTa karavA dii| 125- Smath : Akbar the great mosal P. 220. 12641-Badaani Trans. by h.H. Lover val. II P. 287 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #135
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti 14. akabara ne islAma ke kAnUnoM aura vAdezoM ko radada kara diyA / 15. akabara ne sUmara aura kutte pAle tathA cIrtI aura sUbaroM ke mAMsa kI chUTa de dI / vizeSa dinoM meM usane mAMsa khAnA niSedha kara diyA / nizedha ke dinoM meM yadi koI manuSya gAya athavA pazuoM kI hatyA karatA thA to use daNDa kA bhAgI bananA par3atA thA kabhI-kabhI to prANa daNDa kI sajA dI jAtI thI / 27 - 16 mutA vivAha ko niyamita ghoSita kara diyA gayA thA / 17. san 1581-82 ke bIca akabara ke virodhI aneka zekhoM aura phakIroM ko deza se nirvAsita karake kancAra meM bheja diyA gyaa| vahAM unakI ghor3oM kA mUlya cukAne meM beca diyA gayA / 28 bAropoM kI samIkSA : 113 islAma damana ke sambandha meM akabara kI jo uparyukta AlocanAe~ kI gayI hai unameM se kucha to bilakula nirAdhAra hai| ina AropoM kI samIkSA hama nimnalikhita rUpa se kara sakate haiM : 1. abhI taka vidhi granthoM meM aisA koI pramANa nahI milatA hai jisase yaha kahA jAye ki akabara ne namAja par3hanA niSiddha kara diyA thA / kevala badAyUMnI ke grantha ke bAcAra para hI hameM yaha nahI mAna lenA cAhiye ki akabara ne namAja varjita kara dI thI / badAyUMnI kaTaTara musalamAna thA ho sakata hai ki usane isa liye akabara kI AlocanA ke liye aisA likhA ho / dUsarI bora IsAI dharma pracArakoM, jinhone ki akabara para salAma damana ke Aropa lagAye hai ke lekhoM se hameM yaha jJAta hotA hai ki sarva sAdhAraNa musalamAna mI nitya pAMca bAra namAja par3hatA thA / san 1576 meM khutabA par3hane ke bAda 27- Al-Badaoni Trans. by W.H. Lowe Vol. II P. 331 28- Al-Badaoni Trans. by W.H. Lowe Vol. II P. 308. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #136
akra kI dhArmika nIti 119 bakabara ne ghamAsana se nIce utara kara namAja mI par3hAI / dInAlAhI ke prasAI raNa ke bhI kaI varSoM bAda abula phajala kI mRtyu ke bAda tathA usakI kadra / para kabara ne svayam namAja par3hI / yaha kahanA mI vyartha hai ki namAja ke samaya rezamI vastra tathA bAbhUSaNa pahananA anivArya kara diyA thA kyoMki isa bAta kA abhI taka koI pharamAna upalabdha nahI huvA hai na hI isa baat| kA pramANa hai ki ramajAna maiM rojA na rakhane kA Adeza diyA gayA ho| akabara ke viruddha vihAra va baMgAla meM jaba mullAoM kI thAmika praNA se / yuddha huvA thA, taba unaSkRita masajidoM meM namAja aura jAna banda kara dI gayI thii| 2. makA va madInA kI tIrtha yAtrA para mI akabara ne koI prati bandha nahIM lagAyA / makkA kI tIrtha yAtrA pUrvavata kI bhAMti jArI rahI / 1577 meM zAha babU turAba ke netRtva meM rAjakIya vyaya se haja ke yAtriyoM kA eka kAravAM bhejA gayA thA / san 1580 meM jaba mIra baDa turAba makkA kI tIrtha yAtrA se lauTA to vaha apane sAtha eka mArI pAgANa lAyA thaa| jisa para kahA jAtA thA ki muhammada pAvara ke pAMva kA nizAna baMkita thA / basa rAva ne kahA ki ska pavacita sulatAna phiroja ke samaya - salIva jAla bulArI lAyA thA / yatra cinha dUsare para kA hai / akabara jAnatA thA ki yaha bAta saca nahIM hai / vizeSajJoM ne bhI ise asatya siddha kara diyA thA, phira mI akabara ne Adeza diyA ki yAtriyoM kA kAravAM rAjadhAnI se cAra kosa kI dUrI para Thahare / akabara ke liye bahuta acchA zAmiyAnA bar3A kiyA gayA aura bar3e bar3e aphasaroM aura vidvAnoM ke sAtha / vahAM vaha gayA / usane pada cinha vAle patthara ko apane kandhe para rakhA bAra kucha za le gayA aura phira aphasaroM ne usako kandhe para rakhA, banta meM usako mIra baha turAba ke makAna meM rakha diyA gayA / 26 dInAlAhI ke prasAraNa 26 - akabaranAmA - hindI anuvAdaka - mathurAlAla zarmA pR0 184 + + + + 4. . For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #137
colata akabara kI dhArmika nati __ 120 ke bAda bhI sana 1556 meM bahuta se musalamAna strI - puruSoM ko hara jAne kI svIkRti dI gaI thii| tRtIya IsAI ziSTa maNDala ke pArI jaba vAye to unhone mI aneka musalamAna strI pururgA ko haja jAte dekhaa| 3. akabara para yaha bAropa lagAyA gayA ki use hajarata mohammada tathA : vahamada ke nAma se ghRNA ho gayI thI / yaha dhAropa bhI nirAdhAra hai / akabara kA svayam kA nAma kAluddIna muhammada akabara thA / lar3akoM kA bahamada eva muhammada ke nAma se nAmakaraNa karanA sAdhAraNatayAsabhI sthAnoM / para pracchAtita thA / isake alAvA muhammada zabda usakI rAjakIya mudrAoM para baMkti kiyA jAtA thA / usane paigambara muhammada ke nAma se ghRNA nahIM kI / muhammada yA ahamada nAma na rakhane ke pIche sabara kI yaha bhAvanA thI ki isa prakAra nAma rakhanA paigambara muhammada bAra islAma kI banya vibhUtiyoM ke prati sammAna prakaTa karanA hai| isa bAta ko to badAyunI ne mI! svIkAra kiyA hai ki pRSTa aura duSTa strI ko muhammada kI putrI phAtivA ke nAma se pukAratA anapayukta hogA / 4. dAr3I banavAnA eka sAmAjika aura sAMskRtika paramparA hai bAra usase islAma dharma kA patana yA avahelanA nahIM hotI / dAr3I vanavAne kI anumati hAjI hAhIma ke phatave se ho gayI thI / yadi daadd'ii| banabAne se islAma kI upekSA hotI to musalamAnoM kA Adhe se adhika vizva islAma kI upekSA kara usase pRthaka ho jAtA / isake alAvA akabara ! ke zAsana kAla ke pazcAta ke samaya ke citroM se jJAta hotA hai ki daravArI ! tathA saradAra sUba dAr3iyAM rakhate the / yadi ukabara ne apanI dAr3I kaTAdI tathA usake kucha darabAriyoM ne usakA stusaraNa kiyA to isase yaha nahIM samajha lenA cAhiye ki akabara ne islAma kA damana kiyA / 5. sana 1578-76 meM zela tAjuddIna ne sijadA athavA sASTAMga praNAma prArambha kiyA aura ise mI bosa kahA gayA / kaTaTara islAmI dhAraNAvoM ke anusAra sijadA kevala allAha ke liye hI hai, parantu harAma ke kucha dharma . For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #138
akabara kI dhArmika nIti 121 zAstriyoM ke anusAra jo manuSya pUrNatva ko prApta ho cukA hai vIra - jisameM zvara kA devatva hai use sijavA kiyA jA sakatA hai| bAdazAha inasAna - e - kAmila hai, isa liye use sijadA karanA cAhiye vIra ise sijadA - e - tAmi kahA jAtA thA / tarka kI dRSTi se yaha ThIka hai| lekina yahAM yaha ullekhanIya hai ki bakavara saba samaya sijadA karane para bAdhya! nahI karatA thA aura ise sijadA nahIM, jamI bosa kahA jAtA thaa| 6. akabara para yaha Aropa lagAyA gayA ki usane musalima tyohArI ! ko chor3akara hindU tyohAroM ko apanA liyA thA lekina isake viruddha mI yaha tA diyA jA sakatA hai ki turka va maMgoloM ke svabhAva kA yaha lacIlA pana thA ki ve apane se adhika zreSTha saMskRti ke tatvoM ko apanA lete the / sultAnA rajiyA ne bhAratIya paramparA ke anusAra rAjakIya chatra / rakhane kI prathA apanA lI to sikandara lodI ne prAcIna bhAratIya hindU rAjAoM kI svarNa ke lAdAna kI prathA grahaNa kara lI / yadi akabara ne! bhI aisI hI bhAratIya paramparA, rIti - rivAja aura tyohAra apanA ! liye to yaha sAmAjika aura sAMskRtika bAta thI, thAmika nahIM / isake atirikta usakI adhikAMza prajA hindU thI aura vaha hinduoM ke sAnidhyA va samparka meM adhika thA rAjya ko sthAyitva va dRr3hatA pradAna karane ke liye ! aura hinduoM ko santuSTa karane ke liye hinduoM kI aisI paramparA apanAnA yA unake tyohAra manAnA eka rAjanItika aura nyAya saMgata bAta thI / 7. islAmI paramparA ke anusAra eka vyakti cAra vivAha kara cAra patniyAM rakha sakatA hai| eka bAra bAdatakhAte meM akabara ke bAdeza para - vidvAna mullA aura zekhoM ke bIca isa prazna para vAda-vivAda Ayojita kiyA gayA ki eka vyakti kitane vivAha kara sakatA hai ? badAyunI ne| svayam likhA hai ki isa vAda vivAda meM imAma, malika aura ziyA lo| For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #139
makara kI dhArmika nIti ne mutA vivAga ko kAnUnI va vaidha mAnA tathA badAyUnI nai svayam esa / vivAra ke liye apanI anumati de dI thI / 30 isake bAda yadi vivAha ke prazna para matameva hara to isake liye akabara ko dogI nahIM ThaharAyA jA sktaa| 8. akabara ne hAthI, UMca, rIka, bIte, sUbara, kutte, maise, - khaccara tathA kaI prakAra ke pakSI pAla rakhe the| isase dInAlAhI yA islAma kA koI sambandha nahI vAtA / svayama badAnI ne bhI svIkAra kiyA hai ki bIte ke mAMsa kA upayoga musalamAna madhya eziyA meM karate - 1 the / 31 sana 1568-6 meM cittaur3a ke paire ke samaya arthAta dInalAhI prasAraNa ke kaI varga pUrva akabara kI senA meM turka, rAjapUta vAdi vibhinna jAtiyoM ke loga the / kAM akabara ne tukoM ke liye cIte ke mAMsa kA bora rAjapUrtA ke liye sUbara ke mAMsa kA upayoga karane kI anumati de dI thI, para sabhI musalamAnoM ne aisA nahIM kiyA / ssA pratIta hotA hai ki badAyanI ne isa Adeza kI khIMcAtAnI kI hai| 6. akabara ne phArasI ke pracAra meM unnati kI tathA saMskRta sva hindI ko bhI vAzya diyA / para bAbI ko naSTa karane kA na to usane / koI niyama banAyA aura na hI bAjJA dI / badAyUnI kI mAMti kucha - kaTaTara loga saMskRta ko protsAhana milane se hI barabI kI vavanati samaka / isa prakAra yaha ni:sandeha kahA jA sakatA hai ki akabara ne apane pUrvajoM ke ka kA damana karane ke liye kadApi prayala nahIM kiyA thA / islAma kI upekSA karane ke liye usa para jo vAropa lagAye gaye hai ve nirAdhAra, nirmala tathA thope hai / bapAnI kaTaTara pApa musalamAna thA 30- A1-Badaani Trans. by N.H.Love Vol. II P. 213 31 - Al-Hadaant Trans. by h.H.Lom Vol. II P. 317. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #140
Exd lii gl kiir 123 usane akabara ke sudhAroM ko saMkIrNa dRSTi koNa se delA vIra akabara para ilAma damana ke bAropa lagAye / isI prakAra jaba IsAI dharma pracArako ke uddezya pUre nahI hue to unhoMne akabara ke bAre meM bhithayA bAte likhanI prArambha kara dii| satya to yaha hai ki akabara ne na to kurAna kA anAdara kiyA ! vIra na hI masajida kA / usane na to bAbI kI upekSA kI bora na hI islAma dharma kI / yaha nirvivAda hai ki akabara mRtyu paryanta Izvara meM vizvAsa karatA rahA tyA haja nagane vAle musalima yAtriyoM kI mI . vyavasthA kI / aMgreja rAbata sara TAmasaroM kA mata hai ki akabara apane samasta jIvana meM musalamAna hI rahA aura musalamAna rahate hue hI usakI mRtyu huii| -0 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #141
dhArmika nIti pariNAma For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #142
15 mara kI dhArmika nIti pArmika nIti ke pariNAma - - - - - - - - - akabara ke pUrva dillI sultAnoM ne rAjasattA ko harAmI svarUpa pradAna kiyA tathA use ka vatyanta saMkIrNa, sAmpradAyika aura mAnava smArtha virodhI IzasattAtmaka mAna liyA thA / akabara ne isa sAmpradAyika zi adhIna sattA ke staroM ko Upara uThAkara sarva mAnanIya IzasattA ke uttara tala para pahuMcA diyA / usane eka saMkIrNa sAmpradAyika rAjasattA kI vibAra dhArA ko pariSkRta tathA parivartita kara diyA / bAbara ne bhArata ke pracalita aneka mA~ kA zAstrIya vidhi se nirIkSaNa kiyA thA jisake phala svarUpa vaha isa nikarSa para pahuMcA ki pratyeka meM meM satya vimAna hai aura yaha kahanA galata hai ki satya kevala islAma dharma taka hI sImita hai jo ki isare koM kI apekSA nayA hai / ata: usane eka Ama kI ko rAjya dharma 1 se pRthaka karake pIna lAtI nAmaka nayA dharma ko usa sthAna para sthApita - 1 kiyA / yaha navIna dharma ra sAra pUrNa vizvAsa thA tathA usameM pratyeka meM maiM se liye hue uttama niyama saMyukta the / dInAlAhI kI sthApanA ke bAda bhI akalara ne upanI prajA ko vyaktigata dhArmika svataMtratA dene kI nIti kA anusaraNa kyiA kyoMki vAdazAha ko yaha pUrNa vizvAsa thA ki pratyeka dhama meM satyAMza hai, unameM zvira bhI hai cAhe usakI upAsanA maMdira, masajida athavA girajA ghara meM kI jAye / usakA kahanA thA ki pratyeka dharma ko samAna samajhanA cAliye, pratyeka mAnuyAyI ko apane ghara meM vizvAsa karane aura pAlana karane kI pUrNa svataMtratA honI nAhiye / islAma dharma ko ucca sthAna se utAra kara dUsare meM ke barAbara rakhane ke liye hI usane yaha saba kiyA / usakI isa thAmika nIti ke pariNAma bhinnalikhita hue - For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #143
akabara kI dhArmika nIti 1. dhArmika svatA va dharma nirapekSa rAjya kI sthApanA : akabara se pUrva sulatAnoM ke zAsana kAla meM zAsana dharmasApedAtA kI nIti para AdhArita thA / islAma dharma ko sarvoccatA prApta hone ke - kAraNa sadiyoM taka musalima zAsaka varga ne apanI vidharmI prajA para atyAcA kiye the / akabara ne mArata meM dhArmika matabhedoM aura saMkIrNa kavitA ko naSTa kara vibhinna dharmoM ko samanvita karane kA sarAhanIya kArya kiyA / rASTrIyatA, sahiSNutA va udAratA kI pAvanA se prerita hokara bakabara ne vibhinna kI Thatama vicAra dhArA vIra satya ke siddhAnyoM ko 126 sUtra maiM bAMdhane kA prayAsa kiyA / dhArmika pa kTaTaratA, anya vizvAsa vara basahiSNutA ke ghere se upara uThakara apane rAjya ke dhanI vyakti svaya ke sAtha usane samAna vyavahAra kiyA tathA udAratA aura sahiSNutA kI nIti apanAI / use yadi sabhI meM eka ora kucha doSa va amAva dikhAI diye to dUsarI bAra satya bAteM mI dikhAI diiN| vaha cAhatA thA ki sampUrNa prajA ke liye eka aisA sarala evaM satya kI ho jisakA pratyeka vyakti anusaraNa kara sake aura dhArmika meda bhAva hupta ho jaaye| sIliye sabhI pracalita kI zreSTha bAra satya bAtoM kA samanvaya kara usane dInakAhI kI kAyA / lekina isake pracalana ke bAda bhI usane vibhinna papavavi ko dhArmika svataMtratA de rakhI thI, kyoMki vaha dharma nirapekSa rAjya kI sthApanA karanA cAhatA thA / usane hinduoM, musalamAnI va ferent ko maMdira majida va girajA ghara banavAne tathA apane apane - nusAra pUjA-pATha va upAsanA Adi karane kI svIkRti de dI / hasa - nIti se akabara ne vibhinna dharmoM kI kaTutA kA anta kara vArmika ekatA sthApita kI / For Private And Personal Use Only parantu durbhAgyavaza akabara kA yaha dhArmika ekatA aura samanvaya kA prayatna saphala na ho sakA / bhArata meM hindU va musalamAna jaba isa bIsavI

Page #144
akabara kI dhArmika nIti dhArmika sadI ke uttarAye meM hI isake liye tatpara nahIM hai to isase pUrva sohI sadI maiM to vIra bhI pIche the| vAstava meM akabara dhArmika ekatA bIra manvaya lAne ke apane prayatnoM meM saphala huA kyoMki vaha samaya se bAge thA / usa samaya ke hindU bIra mumAna donoM hI usake dhArmika vicAroM ko samajhane meM asamartha rhe| phira bhI akabara ne apanI nIti aura siddhAntoM seAirmika dRSTikoNa, saoNnca kaTutA, asahiSNutA, pArasparika Adi ko samApta kara diyA aura vibhinna dharmoM ke siddhAn kI ekatA tathA dhArmika va sAmAjika mAhavAre kI bhAvanA ko protsAhita kiyaa| kama se kama apane zAsana kAla taka usane sabhI vikAvayA~ kI vArmika svataMtratA devara rAjya ko kI nirapekSa banAye rakhA / prathA meM kisI mI dharma athavA mata ko mAnane vAlA vyakti vapanI icchAnusAra apane vArmika rIti-rivAja kA pAlana kara sakatA thA / vapane dharma kI upAsanA va pUjana kI vidhI apanA sakatA thA / usameM rAjya kI bora se kisI bhI prakAra kA starIya nahIM kiyA jAtA thA / 2. vibhinna kaviliyaryA meM saMtulana rahane se sAmrAjya kI surakSA : For Private And Personal Use Only 127 akabara ke vizAla sAmrAjya kI surakSA ke liye kaha vAvazyaka thA ki vaha vibhinna dharmAviviyoM meM saMtulana banAye rakhe / madhya yuga meM vahI prathama samrATa thA jisane isa bAta kA spaSTa banunaya kara liyA thA ki usakI prajA ke sabhI vyaktiyoM ke sAtha, bAhe ve kisI bhI sampradAya yA varga ke ho, usakA vyavahAra nyAya saMgata, niSpakSa evaM samAna honA cAhiye / usase pUrva sulatAna ke zAsana kAla meM aisI nIti kA abhAva hone se hinduba maiM basalyoga, vizeSa kyA vidroha kI pravRtti kabatI hotI gayI thI / kabara ne meda bhAva aura pApA kI nIti ko tyAga kara suha kI nIti apanAI | hindU, mukhmAna, pArasI, IsAI, jaina, bAra yahUdI bAdi pratyeka para usakI dRSTi samAna thii| itanA hI nahIM usane hara - e

Page #145
akabara kI dhArmika nIti ............................................... # vAle ko jA * guhA se pharmAna piye ki, jo yAvacaMdravivArI bAbara kA sANa karAte rahege / rAmatIti vIra prazAsana meM bhI kabara ne koI bheda * pAva nahIM mAnA / usane mukhamA ke sAtha - sAtha bahusaMsthA hindu jAti ko pI vapanAyA tathA hinduoM ko uttaradAyi paryA para niyukta kiyA / nyAya dene meM nAti, saM, mata, samsAya baura pa kA vicAra nahIM piyA gayA / bara ne jisa prakAra prazAsana bAra nyAya kI nIti meM yAti, pava sampradAya vAdi kA vimeva nahI kiyA usI mAra dAna dene meM pI jAti, dharma, pUrva va paMDita kA mepa nahIM rakhA / apane rAjya meM aneka skopa usne janAdhAya moThe / phatehapura sIpI 4 bhI do bahuta bar3e mADa kamavAya, inameM eka kA nAma narapurA aura dUsare kA nAma purA thA / sarapurA meM musalamAna phakIroM ke liye Thaharane, pikAma karane vIra posa karane kI vyavasthA thii| pApurA hindU - sAlaya prabandha thA / SA ke lAbhArtha ssI - aisI vyavasthAe~ karane vAlA rASA praNA kA priya kyoM hotaa| usane apanI pAra pArSika nIti ke kAraNa hindU mukhamAna pArasI va navIra sA mAlaviyoM meM saMDAna banAye rakhA, jise usake vizAla mAgyo puratA sambhava ho skii| 1. hinduoM kI dazA meM sudhAra : upAra hRdayI pultAna kabara ne hindu sAthiyoM para lage neka anumita karo ko samApta kara diyA / muzalima sulatAna aura zAsaka hin! yAtriyoM se unake tIrtha sthAnoM meM dIrtha yAtrA kA vATa karate the / abara ! ise banAvazyaka, anucita vIra zvara kI bArAkSA meM praviSaya samakakara 1563 mApta kara diyA / chagabhaga bATha so vA~ se bhArata meM hinduoM para pulamAna jhAlo ArA jajiyA kara lagAyA jAtA rahA thA / una / yAta bAzA rahatI thI ki isa abhiyA kara ke vApikA davAvagaraNa hindU For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #146
akabara kI dhArmika nati 129 vivaza hokara islAma gRhaga kara leMge / islAma svIkAra naparane vAle hinduoM se yaha kara daNDa ke rupa meM liyA jAtA thA / para haralAmI prathA kA vanta bara 14 ko jajiyA kara samApta kara diyA / isa prasAra hasa kara kI samApti se rAjya kI nItibA parivartana pura / 152 meM bAbara nai khAne sAmrAjya meM gulAmI prathA kA bancara diyA aura kagi paravAra meM sahastrAM guhArmA kI mukti kI ghoSaNA hama samaya sidhuoM meM baneka sAmAjika yoga, baniSTa kArI.. hADiyAM aura aprathA pracalita thI jaise - masAna kI bahulatA, pATha * vivAra, yaha patnItva, satI prathA, vidhavAoM kI viDambanAra bAra nArapIya bIvana, narapati, zyAvRtti bApi / ma po nirAkaraNa va samApti ke liye kabara ne vAdeza praNArita kiye / madirApAna ko niyaMtrati karane ke liye bAbara ne kucha niyama lAye / mukta rUpa se bharAva kA banAnA, vaisA aura pInA timira kara diyA / mapirA kA mUlya kAtUna bArA nirdhArita kara diyA gayA aura sAmsanA prApta sarAva kI dugane loga dI gayI / bAla vivAha ko rokane ke riye usane kabAmA dI kiDA solaha varSa aura laDakI kA yAdaha varSa kI avasthA se pahale vivAha kiyA jAye / usane pArvivAha kA nirNaya kiyA aura isa bAtAprabandha kiyA ki vRkSa striyAM yuvakoM ke sAtha vivAha na kareM / viSayA piva -bAra bataraNAtIya vivAha ko protsAhita kiyA gyaa| usa sApa hinduoM meM pati kI pitA para satI hone kI prathA prapachi pii| apara nai yata vAdeza diyA kisI bhI strI ko usakI chayA ke viruddha satI hone ke liye pikAna kiyA jAye / yadi kA se koI hindu nArI bapane pati ke zava ke sAtha satI honA pAhe vo use roga na jaaye| For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #147
akabara kI dhArmika nIti isI prakAra akabara nai sisAdRtti para niyaMtraNa chagA diyA / rANA meM pracalita kanyA ko dUra karane kA prayAsa kiyA / vaizyAvRti ko rone bAra unakI katI huI saMsthA ko kama karane ke liye rUpRthA nagara kI sthApanA kI aura usakA nAma zaitAnapurA rakhA / na sudhAroM se hinduoM meM vyApta rAjanIti sAmAjika va pAkihInatA va vyavIyatA kI bhAvanA kama ho gii| isake sAtha sAtha / ina prayAoM kI samApti se hinduoM kI sA pI supara gaI / 5. sAmAjya meM maika - goDa kA vAtAvaraNa : bAbara kI udhAra dhArmika nIti se sAjya meM hin- muslima maila bola kA vAtAvaraNa bana gayA / musalamAna hone para bhI sAdara / hinduoM kI aneka prakAra aura tyohAra apanA liye / rakhane apane samAna meM hindU rAniyAM aura unakI vAsiyoM va paripAkiAryAhiye hindU! parma kI upAsanA, pUjA, vrata, upavAsa, havana, suhAna tathA anya pAki aura sAmAki kArya karane kI svataMtrA de dI / isakA prabhAva ratavAra kI anya pusalima vaigarmA aura mahilAoM para bhI par3A / akabara svayA - hindu solAra rasA banthana, pArA, dIvAlI, hoDI, kAMta vIra zivarAtri vApi manAne gA / yaha svayana hindU rAgAvA mAna pazahare ko darabAra karane mA thA aura apane paramAriyoM ko bhI hinduoM tyohAroM tathA phArasanAroke tyohAra mAna ke liye protA. hita karatA thaa| bakabara ne hindU rAjAoM ke pharobA pala bora chAna pI jyA pI upanA kI thii| usane svayA banA bAra bapane putra kA chAna kiyaa| thA / jaba akabara ne apane putroM ke vivAha hindu rAjapUta rAsmAriyoM ke kiye taba une 1 hindU vivAha prathA apanAI aura kucha pramukha musalima rasma kAmI pAThana kiyA / ikbara sinduoM ke tyogaroM vizeSa ra pAre For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #148
kd sNs' jiioo 131 samaya aura muhamAnoM ke bArAvaphAta bora ke tyAgara maya pAvata detA thA aura unameM hindU kyA pumAna potoM varSoM ke bAda kAriyoM, sAmatA bIra paramAriyoM ko bAmaMtrita karatA thA / usane hinduoM kI veza mA va pagar3I ko apanAyA / bapane sambanciryA kI mRtyu para hinduoM ke samAna pI sira, dAr3I va mAkara zoramanAyA / usane hinduoM aura musalamAnoM ko bAra pramoda pAna pI! eka sApa hI upalana kraaye| __ bAbara ne hindU muhima saMmRti pI sambaya kiyA / donoM vagAmI zikSA hetu padama uThAye / pati ke sAtha mAtaba sthApita vyaii / mAtA ke sApa sApa vaneka hindU pAThazAlA aura saMvA vidyAlayoM kA nirmANa kiyA gayA / se mile viSAya aura una zisA hetu zikSaNa saMsthAra sthApita kI gaI mAM hindU aura musalamAna donoM jAtiyoM ke vidhArthI zikSA karate the| unaka mAratIya baura musalima vipAra pArA ke bhArA phArapI ko pANityA aura sAMskRtika sapa piyA / hinduoM, pumAna bAyopA nya va anya sAmyA supAra phArasI ra dene se vibhinna varga jAtiyAM parampara kamare vArSika vicAroM se bAta ho gyii| isa prakAra akabara kAla meM sAmrAjya meM mela - bojA vAtAvaraNa rhaa| 5. navIna sthApita gaDa - sAmrAjya kI bAvasyAtA eMva usakI prAya: hindusthAna meM pugI ko bhI ka videzI mAna kara hInatA bAra paNA kI dRSTi se dekhA jAtA thaa| bhArata meM bAbara ke pUrva vedara kI sUTa mAra, usake yA bora vidhvaMsa ke kArya, va hatyAra vAri kAraga, mugo ke prati pAratIyoM meM svAbhAvika pRNA ho gaI thii| gavara aura mAMyUkA zAsana mI balpakAlIna kI raNa / unhoMne bhArata For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #149
jhd lii riil r 132 - - - -- meM koI ssI logophArI kArya nahIM kiye jisase mAtA para unakA prabhAva par3A ho aura unheM matA kA sauhAI milA ho / ata: isa navIna sthApita mugala sAmrAjya kI surakSA ke liye ka bAvazyaka thA ki sabhI vA kA sAmrAjya ko sahayoga mile / isa AvazyakatA kI pUrti ke liye akabara nai niSpA ho sabhI vA~ ke sAtha samAvanA kI nIti apanAI / bArmika pakSApAta ko tyAga kara saba ko apane - apane kA pAlana karane kI svataMtratA dI gaI / anya ko para lage meka sucita prativandha haTA diye / / sAmrAjya ke ucca padoM para miA kisI bheda * bhAva ke niyuktiyAM kI gaI / isase prabhAvita ho sabhI vargoM ne sAmrAjya ko dRDha banAne ke liye sahayoga diyA / isa prakAra akabara kI udAra dhArmika nIti se navIna sthApita mugala sAprAjya kI bAvazyakatA kI pUrti ho sakI / 6. ulmArvA kI zakti, prabhAva bAra adhikAra kA chAsa : akabara bArA tavA par3hane, mahajara yA aprAMta vAjJA patrapaugita karane tathA dInAlAhI sthApita karane se sapA, zo bAra mujha-1 mullAoM ke adhikAra kama ho gaye the, unakI zakti sINa ho gaI thI aura prabhAva nagaNya ho gayA thA / ulmAoM ke prati logoM kI kA, pakti aura sammAna kama ho gayA thA / ulmA varga ke kucha prabhAva zAThI vyakti jo prazAsana meM niyukti kyei gaye the, unake padoM se pRthaka kara diye gaye kyoMki unake viruddha praSTAcAra va gabana ke bAropa the / isase rAjanIti bAra prazAsana meM unakA prabhAva lupta ho gayA thaa| isase prazAsana vora nyAya vyavasthA meM ulA varga hastapopa nahI kara sakA tathA prazAsana zAMti pUrNa, niSpA eMva vyavasthita rahA / jahAM vibhinna , sampradAya: vIra varga saMgharga rata the, vahAM pIna lAhI nai balpa kAla ke liye samI * dhamAkamviyA~ aura varSoM ke logoM ko eka sUtra meM bAMdha diyA / mullA kI mAnyatA se mukta hokara akabara ne aura pI vAi pArmika udAratA For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #150
makabara kI dhArmika nIti 133 sahiSNutA vIra samAna vyavahAra kI nIti ko kAryAnvita kiyA / 7. hinduoM kA mugala sAmrAjya ko saharSa svIkAra karatA : - - - - - - - akabara nai pratyeka patra meM hinduoM ke sAtha saivyavahAra kiyA / hinduoM para lage aneka anucita karoM ko haTA diyA kyoMki usakA kallA! thA ki sabhI manuSyoM se acche sambandha rakhanA merA kartavya hai| usane apane / zAsana kAla meM isa bAta kI anumati de dI thI ki yadi koI aisA hindu / jisako ka pUrvaka musalamAna banA liyA gayA thA, phira apane pUrvajoM kA / dharma grahaNa karanA cAhatA ho to use apane kA meM jAne diyA jAye / hinduoM para kurAna ke niyamo bAra kurAna ke anusAra zAsana karane kI nIti tyAga dI gaI / hindU lekhA - jokhA aura hisAva kitAva meM bar3e dA hote the, utarava sulatAnoM ke zAsana kAla meM ve kevala rAjasva vibhAga ke choTe sAmAnya karmacArI ke pada para kI niyukti hote / rAjya ke aMdhe pardA para musalamAnoM ke skAdhikAra ko tyAga kara hinduoN| ko yogyatA va niSpAtA se pratibhA ke vAdhAra para zAsana meM niyukta karane se hindU karmacAriyoM kI saMkhyA meM vRddhi ho gaI / sAmrAjya ke 137 manasabadAroM meM se 15 manasabadAra hindU the vAra 6 se baki prAntoM ke dIvAna hindu the / pariNAma svarUpa hinduoM ne apanI svAmibhakti dadAtA vora ImAnadArI se mugala sAmrAjya ke prazAsana meM mahatva pUrNa yoga diyA / ToDaramala isakA udAharaNa hai| bakabara nai kailo, paisA aura mer3oM ke mAMsa kA prayoga banda karavA diyA thA / hindu sAhitya sva saMskRti ko protsAhana dene ke uddezya se usane goM kA phArasI meM nuvAda karavAyA / rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata, veda vAdi kA phArasI meM anuvAda huvA / bIrabala, mAnasiha bAra baddharahIma khAnakhAnA jaise yogya hindI kaviyoM ko usane prazya diyA / akabara ke hana kAryoM se hindU jo ki vamI taka mugaoM ko videzI For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #151
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra akabara kI dhArmika nIti 131 samajha rahe the, saharSaM mugala sAmrAjya ko svIkAra kara liyA / 8. rAjapUtoM kI sevAeM mugala sAmrAjya kI kaI pIr3hiyoM ko prApta : For Private And Personal Use Only akabara prathama musalima bAdazAha thA, jisane rAjapUtoM ke sAtha udAratA ! yatA aura maitrI kA vyavahAra kiyA / saltanata kAla meM sulatAnoM ne rAjapUtoM ke prati saMkIrNatA, dhamancitA aura AMtaka kI nIti apanAI thI / isa liye ve apane rAjavaMzoM ko cirasthAI aura dRr3ha banAne meM asaphala rahe / parantu akabara apanI udAra, sahiSNu aura maitrI pUrNa rAjapUta nIti ke kAraNa pUrva sulatAnoM kI apekSA adhika saphala rhaa| rAjapUta se apane sambandha kI dRDha bAre sthAI banAne ke liye bakabara ne pramukha rAjapata rAjavaMzoM ! kI rAja kanyAoM se vaivAhika sambandha sthApita kiye / akabara ne Amera, bIkAnera tathA jaisalamera kI rAja kanyAoM se vivAha kiye| jina rAjapata rAjAoM ne akabara se vaivAhika sambandha sthApita kiye athavA Atma samarpaNa kara diyA, una rAjapUta nareza, sAmAntau aura samvandhiyoM ko unakI yogyatA aura pratibhA ke anusAra sainika aura asainika pada para niyukta kiyA gayA / isase akabara ko aneka vIra aura raNakuzala senA nAyakoM, prazAsakoM prAnta patiyoM aura rAjanItijJa kI amUlya aura anUta pUrva sevAe~ prApta ho gayI / inhoMne bAla eMva Antarika vidrohoM kA damana kara - sAmrAjya meM zAMti sthApita karane meM mahAna yogadAna diyA / ve mugala sAmrAjya kI rIDha kI haDaDI bana gaye / bAmera kI rAjakumArI, harakU bAI! se utpanna putra salIma ko akabara ne apanA uttarAdhikArI banAyA / isa vivAha ( akabara kA harakU bAI ) ke mahatva ke bAre meM DA0 benIprasAda ne likhA hai ki yaha vivAha bhArata kI rAjanIti meM navayuga ke udaya kA pratIka thA, isase deza meM uttama zAsakoM kI pIr3hiyAM calI aura isase mugala samrATA kI bAra puztoM taka madhya kAlIna bhArata ke sarvocca senAnAyaka aura kUTa nItijJoM kI sevAe~ prApta ho sakI / -

Page #152
akabara kI thAmiLa nIti 185 sana 1956 meM jaba akabara rAjya siMhAsanA ruka huvA thA taba usake pAsa koI nizcita sAmrAjya nahIM thaa| kintu sana 1605 maiM usakI mRtyu ke samaya usane apane uttarAdhikArI ke liye uttarI bhArata meM vistRta vIra susaMgaThita rAjya chor3A thA / yaha akabara kI rAjapUrtA ke prati sadabhAvanA kA hI pariNAma thA / jahAMgIra aura zAhajahAM kA jAjvalyamAna yuga rAjapA ke hI sahayoga se nirmita huvA thA / isa taraha akabara kI udAra nIti se mugala sAmrAjya kI kaI pIr3hiyoM ko rAjapUtoM kI sevAprApta huI / For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #153
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra * akabara lekhaka se0 atahara avvAsa rijavI ?? kI dhArmika nIti ** "" abula phajala "1 Abdul Quadir Bada oni. Vincent A. Smith. Sir Wolseley Ha16. www.kobatirth.org grantha sUcI pustaka kA nAma khilajI kAlIna bhArata tugalaka kAlIna bhArata mAga - 1 - bhAga 2 zamsula ulmA maulAnA muhammada husaina AjAda 1 akabaranAmA hindI anuvAdaka ema. ela. zarmA prakAzakA 2. Ain-1-Akbari Vol.I Trans in Ring11 sh by H.Blochmann, Second edition. Combridge History of India Vol. IV. alIgaDha muslima vizvavidyAlaya 3.Ain-1-Akbari Vol.III Trans, by H.S. Jarrett. For Private And Personal Use Only "" Al-Bada oni or Muntakhabut Tawarikh Vol. II. Dreams toy Wwini loure Akbar the great Mogul. akabarI darabAra hindI anuvAdaka rAmacandra varmA pahalA bhAga / "" kailAza pustaka sadana gvAliyara Asiatic Society of Bengal -do Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir - do san 1655 Oxford at the clarendon press, 1656 +++++++++++ 16575 1675 1927 1948 1924 1929 Combridge at 1937 the University press. kAzI nAgarI pracAriNI sabhA 1624

Page #154
akabara kI thALa nIti pustaka kA nAma prakAzaka bhI viSAvijayajI esa.pAra. zamA sUrIzvara aura samrATa zrI vijaya dharma- samvata akabara hindI anuvAdaka lakSmI jJAna maMdira 1980 zrI kRSNalAla varmA aagraa| mArata meM mugala sAmrAjya lakSmInArAyaNa 1673 ! hindI anuvAdaka sma. agravAla vAgarA-3 rU. zarmA / mugalakAlIna bhArata zikkAla agravAla 1657 eNDa kampanI 3001 bArzIvAdIlA zrIvAstava - - - - - - - - . . . . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #155