Collected Articles Of LA Schwarzschild On Indo Aryan 1953 1979

Author(s): Royce Wiles
Publisher: Australian National University

Page 14

NOTES ON THE YUTURE SYSTEM IN MIDDLE INDO-ARYAN 49 of forms found in the earliest texta from Gujarat, such as, for instance, also the Bharatc var. Bahubalirāsa The slightly later texts examined by Tessitori have-iso (Ist sg.). Tai (3rd sg.). - (3rd pl.), all this despite the danger of confusion with the <-iy, beside -- <-syys) of the passive. The long -7 has remained in modern Gujarati in the first person singular, while elsewhere the shortened fornis in prevailed, generally weakened further to --- Examples of this are already found in the OU Western Rajasthani texts, and are frequent in works such as the Nasaleta-ri Katha (O. W. Marwari), which has a first person karas , second lablasī, third sigas, and the Suvabaluttarikathā (probably Eastern Rajasthani), which has a first sg, karise and karasu, second and third karsi.
The connecting vowel of the future tense thus shoves again that the final repartition of forms, lowever far back its origin, belongs to the period of the modern vernaculars.
THE VOWEL OY THE ENDING It is found in the Jaina canon, as in Pali, that forms with the future aflix -- change the vowel of the ending to -1, while those that preserve the-88- also preserve the vowel ---, so that on the one hand Sanskrit at gives -ih, on the other isso. Apart from the first person and a few isolated forms such as the Pali kuhati, there are practically no exceptions to this rule. In fact in the Jainn canon the -Is-adfix is so much associated with the vowel -- that it influences the conjugation of the present indicative of verbs whose roots happen to end in-, so that one finds repeatedly analogical formations such as winti, lahinci, oto. (Paghüvāyaranaim, 10th Anga).
The fact that in the first persons only the stages and later -- (not yet -hi) are found in the Jaina caston shows that the change must have taken place vis-issadi > sali >thai > -
> - It probably began in the third person when -83-was reduced to-h-, across which assimilation to the connecting vowel could take place ensily, and it was further helped by the presence of final - A future ending-hi can therefore he said to be curacteristic of the East Central region of India, where Jains Prakrit was formed, and it
T'inchel, Materialien Kenntnis der Arbeit, Berlin, 1902 10.
K e Naalarl Karold Hathanie, Lopai 1925. J. Hertel, therdan
S
u rf Ko , Festschritt E. Winelioli, Leipaig, 1014 CE H. Smith's article (loc. cit.) for different explanation. He postulates separate pre-Vodie origine for the and forms.
RAS. APR. 1019.
DO NOTES ON THE FUTURE HYTKM IN MIDDLE INDO-ARYAN is precisely in part of this region that one finds a continuation of the
- type of future in the male vernaculars: Bhojpuri and Chattisgarhi (voklī, velik ). Wherever Digambon Ab
o pter future forns from a neighbouring dialect, that is particularly in the third plural, they we had on the t h e lines in the works of lugdanta not only thin pl. Iniiwi, wiki, te, but also likiwei picchiwi (Jasharacariu): Whihisi, wikis (aunlogical longcomes from the third person): wrik, hol, te, Futures in--are extremely rare and contined to a few obvious western borrowings, especially in the Karakatdach riu. It was therefore a dialect of the East Central region which influenced Digambara Aabhrama.
Slightly further towards the weat the -ha type of future prevails. It seems to have been climacteristic of the most central lialect, Mahārāstri, and to use spread from there. Hala (particularly MS. R) preserves a number of rases of -ha-despite the influence of the grim s : Trini, lakini, che, etc. The Lilavailala, which claims to have been written in pure Malarstei (about A.D. 80)) contains viniluns, dixhari, pleasi, side by side with lahtikisi, eto.
The Jaina Saursent of the less dogmatic of the Digambara texts Boens to live adopted the landing quite freely. The Bhagavati Archana, for instance, has iniisi (y. 1008), Kohali (v. 338), Rohani (v. 1099): Vattenka's Malacara has ww.
chasi (II, 90). vladi (II, 3, 32), eto. There is often even a metathesis of the --; shahidi (Blag. Arach., . 749), mucidi (v. 1919), etc., and these * wrong" forms are too numerous to be dismissed as ordinary mistakes. The borrowel antre of the -I-futures in Jaina Sauraseni, from Jaina lakrit on the one hanel (the Malacarn has been said to adapit a large section of the Aurapaocakkhana-Panna with only minor linguistic alterations), and from Maharastri on the other, might explain the hesitation between the-he-and-ho-future and the uncertainty as to where to put tho .
As distinct from Digambar Apabhramia, the language of the Svetamburs of Gujarat was influenced by the spoken language of the centre, and one finde ici, -hi, etc., almost invariably in those cases where the future has been introduced. The preference for the vowel-c-in the ending proves that this was not a mere prakritiem,
HAN. Upadhye, Lol. A romantic Katy i rana Prakrit of Kowhala, Singhi Jain Series, 1949.