Collected Articles Of LA Schwarzschild On Indo Aryan 1953 1979

Author(s): Royce Wiles
Publisher: Australian National University

Page 35

DECLENSION OF FEMININE NOUNS IN MIDDLE INDO-ARYAN 189 iii, 65. The more popular texts in Prakrit, such as the Paumacariya of Vimalasuri, the Dhûrtákhyana and the Lälåvaîkaha all adhere to the standard practice of literary Prakrit in using the as an adverb and the declension of the oblique of nouns and pronouns remains unaffected. There is therefore no evidence of a direct link between this adverbial form and the new ending -he of Apabhraméa.
The influence of adverbs on declension is widespread, as can be seen from the ablatives in o of Prakrit based on -tas, found in tatas itas, etc.; or the use of tatra where, as the locative singular of the masculine pronoun in Niya Prakrit. It still remains unlikely, however, that a form as definitely temporal in meaning as the should have influenced the whole of the feminine declension in Apabhramsa.
There is, however, an indirect link between the Prakrit tähe and the Apabhramsa ending-he. The forms of the pronoun based on ti-, although so frequent in Mâhârâștri have not been continued in either Digambara Apabhraméa or Svetâmbara Apabhramda, both of which use only the t4-stem, as had been the case in Sauraseni. Tie occurs as an instrumental in Apabhramsa, but only in comparatively few instances. The presence of tie on rare occasions in Digambara Apabhraipfa can be explained by the influence of the literary language of the Midland, and in Svetâmbara Apabhrama by the influence of the language of the Jain canon. The regular form of the instrumental in both Apabhramáa dialects is the. The demonstrative pronoun feminine, like the interrogative and the relative, was now treated as an -d stem. The place of tise is therefore occupied by the<tdae and it is very probable that this form *tase had an uninterrupted existence in the spoken language of those parts of the country where the stem in i had never been favoured (cf. Sauraseni); that is particularly in the west and west-central region, the home of Svetambara and Digambara Apabhraméa.
The regional distribution of the Prakrits and Apabhramsa is such that the two main literary forms of Apabhrarśa cannot be said to have arisen directly from any particular form of literary Prakrit.
1 There are also some oberure cases of influence of the adverbs on declension as for instance, Apabhramia tuddha, tuddhra, which is mentioned as the genitive singular of the 2nd person pronoun by Hemacsandra and occurs in the Bhavisayattakahi and the Paumasiricariu of Dhahila, two texta that are very much akin in language. Tudhra may be based on the usual Apabhramla genitive tuka under the influence of tatra, etc. (ef. Indra, padra, found in the grammarians (K1, 5, 50) and the curious demonstratives trays and drugs and the relative drugs quoted by Hemaeandra, ie, 300). JRAS. OCTOBER 15,
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190 DECLENSION OF FEMININE NOUNS IN MIDDLE INDO-ARYAN But as can be seen from the history of the feminine declension in Middle Indo-Aryan, the comparison of the documents in the known Prakrit dialects may reveal the conditions of the spoken language in the other regions and show the elements that later make up the grammatical system of Apabhramsa. The Prakrits therefore cannot be dismissed as being purely artificial.
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