Prakrit Vidya 2002 10

Author(s): Rajaram Jain, Sudip Jain
Publisher: Kundkund Bharti Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/521369/1

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|ISSNNo. 0971-796 X| prAkRta diyA varSa 14, aMka 3, aktubara-disambara 2002 I. nIrakSIra-viveka kA pratimAna rAjahaMsa

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AvaraNa pRSTha ke viSaya meM bhAratIya paramparA meM haMsa ko viveka aura vaiduSya kA apratima - pratimAna mAnA gayA hai| kozakAroM ne 'haMsa' zabda ko 'has' dhAtu se 'ac' pratyaya karake 'pRSodarAdigaNa' meM varNAgamapUrvaka nirmita mAnA hai; aura isake rAjahaMsa, marAla, muragAbI, kAraMDava, paramAtmA, brahma, AtmA, jIvAtmA, eka prANavAyu, sUrya, ziva, viSNu, kAmadeva, mahattvAkAMkSA - rahita rAjA, ya - vizeSa kA sanyAsI, dIkSA - guru, IrSyA evaM dveSa se rahita vyakti evaM parvata Adi artha kiye haiM / sampradAya 'mRcchikaTika' - (5/6) nAmaka rUpaka ke karttA likhate haiM- "haMsA: saMprati pANDavA iva vanAdajJAtacaryAM gatA: "; tathA mahAkavi kAlidAsa ne likhA hai ki- "na zobhate sabhAmadhye haMsamadhye bako yathA" - (raghuvaMza mahAkAvya, 3/10 ) / saMskRta ke kaviyoM ne ise 'brahmA jI kA vAhana' batAyA hai, tathA likhA hai ki- 'bAriza ke prArambha meM haMsa ur3akara mAnasarovara kI ora jAte haiN|' adhikAMza bhAratIya manISI haMsa pakSI ko dUdha kA dUdha aura pAnI kA pAnI pRthak karanevAlI zakti- vizeSa se sampanna mAnate haiM / yathA - "sAraM tato grAhyamapAsya phalgu haMso yathA kSIramivAmbumadhyAt" - (paMcatantra, 1 ) / "nIra-kSIraviveke haMsAlasyaM tvameva tanuSe cet / " - ( bhAminI vilAsa, 1/13 ) / AcArya amRtacandrasUri bhI isa tathya kA samarthana karate hue likhate haiM " jAnAti haMsa iva vAH payasorvizeSaM / " - ( samayasAra kalaza, 59, pR. 157) arthAt vaha jJAtApuruSa haMsa ke dUdha aura pAnI ke viveka ke samAna parapadArthoM se bhinna caitanyadhAtu kA avicalarUpa se Azraya karatA huA usakA jJAtA hI rahatA hai| AcArya malliSeNa-viracita 'vAgdevI stotra' meM sarasvatI ko ekAdhika bAra haMsa vAhinI ke rUpa meM prarUpita kiyA gayA hai-- "kAmArthade ! ca kalahaMsa-samAdhirUDhe / ..... haMsaskandhasamArUDhA vINA pustakadhAriNI / ..... tRtIyaM zAradAdevI caturthaM haMsa - gAminI / / " - (vAgdevI-stotram 1, 10-11) 'paramAtmaprakAza' ke TIkAkAra bhI 'haMsa' zabda ko 'paramAtmA kA vAcaka' batAte haiM"anantajJAnAdi-nirmalaguNayogena haMsa iva haMsa paramAtmA / " arthAt anantajJAnAdi nirmala-guNoM se sahita hone ke kAraNa haMsa ke samAna hone se paramAtmA ko bhI 'haMsa' kahA gayA hai| - ( paramAtmaprakAza, adhyAya 2, dohA 170 kI TIkA) 'jJAnasAra'-grantha meM zukladhyAnI AtmA ko 'haMsa' kahA gayA hai-- "nizcintastathA haMsaH puruSaH punaH kevalI bhavati / " - (padya 47 ) / isake atirikta brahmendra ('brahma' svarga ke svAmI) kA vimAna bhI 'haMsAkRti' mAnA gayA hai| zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha (mAnita vizvavidyAlaya), naI dillI kA pratIka cihna bhI 'haMsa' haiM / svanAmadhanya manISI DaoN. maNDana mizra jI ne jisa sArasvatabhAva se isa vidyApITha kI sthApanA kI thI, usI ke anurUpa yaha haMsa kA pratIka cihna unhoMne cunA thA / -sampAdaka

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ISSNNo.0971-796x lala / / jayadu sud-devdaa|| prAkRta-vidyA PRAKRIT VIDYA Pagad. Vijja pAgada-vijjA prAkRta, apabhraMza Adi prAcya bhAratIya bhASAoM kI vartamAna rASTrabhASA hindI taka kI vikAsa-yAtrA darzAnevAlI samarpita traimAsikI zodha-patrikA The devoted quarterly research journal develop progress showing of Prakrit Apbhramsha, Ancient Indian Languages & Nation Hindi Language vIrasaMvat 2528 aktUbara-disambara '2002 I. varSa 14 aMka 3 Veersamvat 2528 October-December '2002 Year 14 Issue 3 AcArya kundakunda samAdhi-saMvat 2014 mAnada pradhAna sampAdaka pro. (DaoN.) rAjArAma jaina nidezaka, kundakunda bhAratI jaina zodha saMsthAna Hon. Chief Editor PROF. (DR.) RAJA RAM JAIN Director, K.K.B. Jain Research Institute mAnada sampAdaka Hon. Editor DaoN. sudIpa jaina DR. SUDEEP JAIN ema.e. (prAkRta), pI-eca.DI. M.A. (Prakrit), Ph.D. Publisher prakAzaka zrI sureza candra jaina maMtrI zrI kundakunda bhAratI TrasTa prati aMka SURESH CHANDRA JAIN Secretary Shri Kundkund Bharti Trust - bIsa rupaye (bhArata) 2.0 5 (DAlara) bhArata ke bAhara prAkRtavidyA+ aktUbara-disambara '2002 001

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parAmarzadAtA - zrI pArasadAsa jaina sampAdaka-maNDala DaoN. devendra kumAra zAstrI . pro. (DaoN.) premasumana jaina DaoN. udayacandra jaina - pro. (DaoN.) zaziprabhA jaina prabandha sampAdaka DaoN. vIrasAgara jaina : zrI kundakunda bhAratI (prAkRta bhavana) 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-110067 phona (011) 6564510, 6513138 Kundkund Bharti (Prakrit Bhawan) 18-B, Spl. Institutional Area ___ New Delhi-110067 Phone (91-11)6564510,6513138 paramahaMsa-kAyotsarga .. . tirthak-prasAritabhujau vyAvRttaparivartitau / haMsapaMkSakarau daNDapakSAvuktau / digambaraiH / / adhomukhatalAviddhau kiNcittiryk-prsaaritau| haMsapakSakarau syAtAM tau dvau gruddpkssko||| -(AcArya pArzvadeva, saMgIta samayasAra', 7/95-96) artha :- digambara jaina-yogI ko yoga ke samaya haMsa-pakSI ke paMkhoM ke samAna | donoM bAhoM ko phailAkara dhyAna karanA caahiye| ve donoM hAtha nIce kI ora laTake haiM; tathA kiMcit thor3e-se tirache aura prasArita kie hue haiM, evaM zarIra se aspRSTa haiN| mohana-jo-dar3o ___"mohanajodaro se upalabdha dhyAnastha-yogiyoM kI mUrtiyoM kI prApti se jainadharma kI prAcInatA nirvivAda siddha hotI hai|" - (vAcaspati gairolA, bhAratI darzana, pR. 86, loka bhAratI prakAzana, ilAhAbAda, 1962) "jainadharma kA mUla bhI tAmrayugIna sindhu-sabhyatA taka calA jAtA hai|" -(rAdhAkumuda mukharjI, hindU sabhyatA, pR. 23) ** 002 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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pas8888Basa anukrama kra. zIrSaka lekhaka pRSTha saM. 01. maMgalAcaraNa : caubIsa-titthayara-thudi mUla - kavi vibudha zrIdhara anuvAda - DaoN. rAjArAma jaina 4 02. sampAdakIya : dharmaM budhAzcinvate DaoN. sudIpa jaina 6 03. jagadguru AcArya vidyAnanda munirAja 10 * 04. jainadharma meM rASTradharma kI kSamatA vidyamAna hai satyadeva vidyAlaMkAra 15 05. prAkRta-apabhraMza zabdoM kI arthavAcakatA . DaoN. mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya 21 * 06. bhagavAn mahAvIra ke vyaktitva kA darpaNa....... pro. (DaoN.) rAjArAma jaina 26 07. preraka vyaktitva : ajAtazatru bhaiyyA mizrIlAla gaMgavAla DaoN. kapUracaMda jaina evaM DaoN. jyoti jaina 33 08. ratnatraya aSTaka (hindI kavitA) DaoN. mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA 38 '09. bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmasthalI nAlaMdA . kuNDalapura-Agamasammata nahIM DaoN. rAjendra kumAra baMsala 39 10. kAtantra aura kaccAyana kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana pro. jAnakIprasAda dvivedI evaM DaoN. surendra kumAra 11. rohataka se prApta aprakAzita jaina mUrtiyA~ DaoN. sata deva 12. darzana-zAstra antarmukhI banAtA hai aura ___pradarzana bahirmukhI DaoN. suSamA siMghavI 13. jJAna aura viveka DaoN. vIrasAgara jaina 14. bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmasthalI........ 15. jaina-paramparA meM AcAryatva DaoN. sudIpa jaina 16. vartamAna pariprekSya meM jainadharma-darzana ke . ahiMsA-vicAra kI prAsaMgikatA sunIla kumAra siMha 17. sAdhaka hotA draSTA-jJAtA dilIpa dhIMga 18. mahAn vaijJAnika aura sacce dezabhakta DaoN. jagadIza caMdra basu azoka vaziSTha 19. vaidika aura jaina saMnyAsI meM ullikhita samatAyeM DaoN. ramezacanda jaina 20. paryAvaraNa-saMrakSaNa aura jainadharma paM. nihAlacanda jaina 21. pustaka-samIkSA . DaoN. sudIpa jaina 22. abhimata 100 23. alpasaMkhyakoM ko zikSA-saMsthAna.......... 101 24. samAcAra-darzana 104 25. isa aMka ke lekhaka-lekhikAe~ 111 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 003

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caubIsa-tityayara-dhudi -mUla lekhaka - kavivara vibudha zrIdhara -anuvAda - pro. (DaoN.) rAjArAma jaina ghattA- pUriya bhuaNAsaho pAva-paNAsaho Niruvama gunnmnnignn-bhriu| toDiya bhavapAsaho paNavivi pAsaho puNu payaDami tAsu ji cariu / / jaya 'risaha' parIsaha-sahaNasIla, jaya 'ajiya' parajjiya para dusiil|| jaya 'saMbhava bhava-bhaMjaNa samattha, jaya saMvara-Niva-NaMdaNa samattha / / jaya 'sumaI' samajjiya sumai-poma, jaya 'paumappaha' paha-pahaya-poma / / jaya-jaya 'supAsu' vasu pAsa NAsa, jaya caMdappaha-pahaNiya sa-NAsa / / jaya 'suvihi' suvihi-payaDaNa-pavINa, jaya 'sIyala' para-maya sappa-vINa / / jaya 'seyaM seya lacchI-NivAsa, jaya 'vAsupujja' prihriy-vaas|| jaya 'vimala' vimala-kevalapayAsa, jaya-jaya 'aNaMta' pUriya-payAsa / / jaya 'dhamma' dhamma-maggANuvaTTi, jaya 'saMti' pAva-mahi maiya vtttti|| jaya 'kuMthu' parikkhiya kuMthu-satta, jaya 'ara' arihaMta-mahaMta stt|| jaya malli' malli pujjiya-pahANa, jaya muNisuvvaya' suvvy-nnihaann|| jaya 'Nami NamiyAmara-khayaraviMda, jaya 'Nemi NayaNa nnihyaarviNd|| jaya 'pAsa' jasAhaya hIra-hAsa, jaya jayahi 'vIra' parihariya-hAsa / / ghattA- iya NANa-divAyara guNa-rayaNAyara vittharaMtu mahu mai-pavara / jiNa-kabbu-kuNaMtaho duriu-haNaMtaho sura-kuraMga-mAraNa-savara / / hindI anuvAda :- bhuvana (tIna lokoM ke jIvoM) kI AzA (abhilASA) ko pUrNa karane vAle, pApoM ke praNAzaka, bhava kI pAza (moha) ko tor3anevAle zrI pArzvaprabhu ko praNAma kara maiM (vibudha zrIdhara) unake anupama guNarUpI maNigaNa (ratnasamUha) se bhare hue caritra ko prakaTa karatA huuN|| 004.. prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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parISahoM ko sahana karane ke svabhAvavAle 'RSabhadeva' kI jaya ho| duSTa svabhAvavAle tathA (saMsAra kI caturgatiyoM meM bhramaNa karAne vAle) para-(karmoM) ko jItanevAle 'ajitanAtha' kI jaya ho| bhava (paMcaparAvartana ke kAraNabhUta moha, rAga-dveSa) ke cUrNa karane meM samartha 'sambhavanAtha' kI jaya ho| 'saMvara' rAjA ke samartha putra abhinandananAtha' kI jaya ho| sumati (kevalajJAna) rUpI padmA (lakSmI) ko arjita karanevAle sumatinAtha' kI jaya ho| (apanI ) prabhA se padmoM (raktAbha-kamaloM) ko prahata karanevAle (nIcA dikhAne vAle) 'padmaprabha' kI jaya ho| apanI mRtyu para vijaya prApta karanevAle athavA jJAniyoM kI AzA-pAza kA hanana (naSTa pUrNa) karanevAle candraprabha' kI jaya ho| suvidhi (mokSamArga kI paddhati) ko prakaTa karane meM pravINa 'suvidhinAtha' (puSpadanta) kI jaya ho| paramatarUpI sarpo ko naSTa karane ke lie garuDa-vINa ke samAna 'zItalanAtha' kI jaya ho| zreya (paMcakalyANaka rUpI) lakSmI ke nivAsasthAna 'zreyAMsanAtha' kI jaya ho| vAsa (paramatarUpI durgandha athavA saMsAra ke nivAsa) kA parihAra (dUra) karanevAle 'vAsupUjya' kI jaya ho| vimala (dravya-karma rUpI malarahita) kevalajJAna kA prakAza karanevAle vimalanAtha' kI jaya ho| ananta (loka-aloka) ko prakAza (jJAna) se pUrNa karanevAle athavA prajAjanoM kI AzA ko pUrNa karanevAle evaM apane caraNoM se samasta dizAoM kI AzA ko pUrNa karanevAle 'anantanAtha' kI jaya ho| dharma-mArga kI anuvRtti karanevAle (arthAt dharma-mArgapravartaka) 'dharmanAtha' kI jaya ho| pApoM kI bhUmi kI vATa ko mathanevAle (mardana karanevAle) 'zAntinAtha' kI jaya ho| ___kunthu Adi jIvoM kI rakSA karanevAle (athavA kunthu Adi bhI dvIndriya jIva haiM, aisI parIkSA karanevAle) 'kunthunAtha' kI jaya ho| ari (mohanIya karma) kA nAza karanevAle mahAn sattva (bala) vAle 'arahanAtha' bhagavAn kI jaya ho| mallikA (balA-camelI) puSpoM se pUjita pradhAna (zrI) mallinAtha' kI jaya ho| uttama-vratoM ke nidhAna (khajAne) svarUpa 'munisuvratanAtha' kI jaya ho| amara (dava) aura khacara (vidyAdhara) vRnda (samUha) se namaskRta 'naminAtha' kI jaya ho| apane netroM se araviMda (kamala) kI zobhA ko bhI jIta lenevAle 'neminAtha' kI jaya ho| apane (prazasta) yaza ke dvArA hIrA ke hAsya (kAnti) ko Ahata (nIcA) karanevAle 'pArzvanAtha' kI jaya ho| hAsya (paraniMdA) ko chor3anevAle 'vIranAtha' kI jaya ho, jaya ho| __aise jJAna-divAkara (sUrya), guNarUpI ratnoM ke Akara (bhaMDAra), smara (kAmadeva) rUpI mRgoM ko mArane ke lie zabara (bhilla) ke samAna tathA pApoM ko haranevAle ve jinendragaNa prastuta jinendra-kAvya (pAsaNAhacariu) ke praNayana-hetu merI buddhi meM pravara-vistAra kreN| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 005

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dharmaM budhAzcinvate -DaoN. sudIpa jaina Aja ke vAtAvaraNa meM 'dharma' ke pakSa-vipakSa kA aisA vAtAvaraNa nirmita ho rahA hai ki janasAmAnya ko isake bAre meM kucha AzaMkA-sI utpanna hone lagI hai ki mahApuruSoM ne 'dharma' kA pratipAdana prANimAtra ke hita aura sukha ke lie kiyA thA aura Aja vahI azAnti evaM AzaMkA kA kendra kyoM banatA jA rahA hai? kyA dharma kA svarUpa AzaMkya hai athavA hama ise sahI samajha aura apanA nahIM pA rahe haiM? kamyunisTa-vicAradhArA ke logoM ne to 'dharma' ko vibhinna kAraNoM se 'dUra se tyAgane yogya' kaha diyA hai| sAmAnya-janatA yadyapi mAnasikarUpa se unakI yaha bAta mAnatI nahIM hai aura dharma ke prati usake mana meM AdarabhAva aise nirdezoM ke bAda bhI vidyamAna hai; phira bhI 'dharma' ke rAjanItikaraNa evaM dharmapramukhoM ke pArasparika viparIta-dhruvaM banate jAne ke kAraNa usake mana meM 'dharma' ke vAstavika svarUpa evaM prayogavidhi ke viSaya meM jijJAsA avazya uThane lagI hai| dainaMdina ke kAryoM meM ativyastatA ke kAraNa dharma kI sUkSma-vivecanA zAstrIya-zabdAvali meM sunane-samajhane kA avakAza bhale hI usake pAsa nahIM hai; kintu 'dharma' ko kendra banAkara sAmAjika se rASTrIya stara taka jo prabala-antarvirodhoM ko vaha pratidina spaSTarUpa se dekha evaM anubhava kara rahI hai, usase sAmAnyajana ke hRdaya meM dharma ke vizvahitakArI svarUpa ke viSaya meM eka jijJAsAyukta-praznacihna avazya aMkita ho gayA hai| jo ni:zaMkita-zraddhA usake hRdaya meM dharma ke prati thI, aba vaha praznacihnita ho gayI hai| 'dharma' ke svarUpa meM virodha kI guMjAiza hI nahIM hai| vaha sarvasamAdhAnakAraka hai| vaha kisI kSetra aura kAla-vizeSa ke lie bhI upayoga nahIM hotA, vaha to sArvabhaumika aura sArvakAlika maMgalakArI hotA hai| isIlie eka manISI dharmAtmA ne dharma kA svarUpa nimnAnusAra vivecita kiyA hai."dhanasya buddheH samayasya zakte:, niyojanaM prANihite sadaiva / syAd vizvadharma: sukhado suzAntyai, jJAtveti pUrvoktavidhividheya: / / " arthAt prANimAtra ke hita kI bhAvanA se dhana kA, buddhi kA, samaya kA aura zakti kA 006 . prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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niyojana (samarpaNa) karanA hI 'vizvadharma' hai --aisA jAnakara zreSTha-zAnti ke nimitta isa vidhi se (prANimAtra ke hita kI bhAvanA se dhana Adi kA niyojana karane kI vidhi se) dharmAcaraNa karanA caahie| jainAcAryoM ne 'dharma' ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana karate hue likhA hai"dhammo maMgalamukkiTheM, ahiMsA saMjamo tvo| devA vi taM paNamaMti, jassa dhamme sayA mnno||" - (jayadhavala 1-71, pR. 82) arthAt dharma kA svarUpa prANimAtra ke lie maMgalamaya (maM' arthAt pApoM ko galAne-dUra karanevAlA athavA 'maMga' athavA sacce sukha ko lAnevAlA) hai aura utkRSTa (puruSArthapUrvaka zreSThatA/abhyudaya kI ora le jAnevAlA) hai| vaha dharma, ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapasvarUpa hai| jisa bhavyAtmA ke mana meM aisA dharma sadA nivAsa karatA hai, use devatA bhI praNAma karate haiN| ____ 'dharma' ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana yadi pUrvAgraha se yA ajJAnapUrvaka hogA, to nizcitarUpa se vaha pariSkRta evaM vizvahitakArI nahIM ho skegaa| isIlie dharma-prarUpakoM ko pUrvAgrahoM ke utpAdaka rAga-dveSa se rahita (vItarAgI) evaM ajJAnabhAvazUnya (sarvajJa) honA anivArya mAnA gayA hai| aise mahApuruSa jaba bhI kisI nizchalahRdaya jijJAsu ko 'dharma' kA jJAna deMge, to nizcaya hI vaha use AtmasAt karake na kevala apanA jIvana maMgalamaya banA legA; apitu usakI sugaMdha se sampUrNa-pariveza ko bhI naMdanakAnana banA degaa| isa vidhi se 'dharma' ko AtmasAt karanA hI prabuddhatA hai, isIlie jJAniyoM ne kahA hai- "buddheH phalamAtmahitapravRtti:" arthAt yadi hameM buddhi (kSayopazama) ke dvArA dharma kA jJAna huA hai, to vaha tabhI saphala hai, jaba usake dvArA AtmahitakArI AcaraNa meM vyakti pravRtta ho| jo apane hita aura ahita kA viveka hI nahIM kara sake, usa buddhi kA kyA lAbha hai? buddhi yA jJAna sArthaka tabhI hai, taba vaha apane hita-ahita kA viveka kara hitakArI mArga ko apanA meM evaM ahitakArI viSayoM kA parityAga kara deN| yahI jJAna kI sArthakatA yA prAmANikatA hai"hitAhita-prApti-parihArasamarthaM hi pramANaM tato jJAnameva tat"---(parIkSAmukhasUtra, 1/2) isa tattvajJAna se jo rahita haiM, ve ekamAtra du:kha hI bhogate haiM; kyoMki. "tattvajJAna-vihInAnAM duHkhameva hi zAzvatam"- (kSatracUr3AmaNi, 6/2) dharma ko Upara se or3hane kI AvazyakatA bhI nahIM hai; jo or3hA jAegA, vaha kRtrima hogA, asvAbhAvika hogaa|isiilie kisI veSa yA liMga meM dharma nahIM hai aura na hI veSadhAraNa karane se koI dharmAtmA bana sakatA hai| kahA bhI hai "na liMgaM mokSakAraNaM / " - (samayasAra kalaza, 9/238) "na liMga dharmakAraNam / " - (manusmRti, 6/66) "na veSadhAraNaM siddheH kAraNam / " - (haThayoga, 2/66) prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 007

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ADambaroM kA tyAga karake vastu-svabhAva aura AtmasvabhAva pahicAnanA aura usako pUrvAgraharahita hokara svIkAranA hI dharmAtmA banane kI vidhi hai| isIlie AgamagranthoM meM "vatthusahAvo dhammo" kahA gayA hai arthAt 'dharma' vastu kA svabhAva hai, samaya aura sAdhanA se usameM svata: prakaTa hogA, bAhara se nahIM lAnA pdd'egaa| ahiMsA, saMyama, tapa, satya Adi AtmA ke svabhAva haiM; inheM apanAne se jIvana meM svata: zAMti evaM AnaMda kA vAtAvaraNa banatA hai| isake viparIta hiMsA, jhUTha Adi ko apanAne para na to AtmA sukhI hotA hai aura na hI saMyoga meM vidyamAna zarIra bhI use anukUla mAnatA hai| zarIra meM ucca-nIca raktacApa, tanAva, anidrA Adi asvAsthyakArI sthitiyoM kA janma hiMsA, jhUTha Adi ko apanAne se hI hotA hai| ahiMsakavRtti apanAne se jIvana meM svata: sahaja sukha-zAMti kA anubhava hotA hai| kyoMki "attA ceva ahiMsA" arthAt hai| AtmA kA svarUpa hI ahiMsaka hai| sAtha hI asatya bolane para zarIra meM raktacApa bar3ha jAtA hai, isI AdhAra para to jhUTha-pakar3anevAlI mazIna vyakti ke satya-asatya-saMbhASaNa kI pahicAna karatI hai| saMsAra meM kalaha kA vAtAvaraNa tabhI nirmita hotA hai, jaba AtmasaMyama na ho| eka vyakti yadi apane udvegoM ko saMyamita rakhe, to dUsare kI kaSAyAgni bhI adhika dera taka prajvalita nahIM raha sakatI, use jalane ke lie hamAre prativAdarUpI ghI kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| phira bhI hamAre hI mana meM yadi parapadArthoM kI icchA hogI, to vivAda bhI hogaa| mAtra pA~ca gA~voM ko dene para saMtoSa kI bAta kahanevAle pAMDavoM kI yadi icchA hI nahIM hotI, to kyA 'mahAbhArata' hotA? aura jaba ve icchAoM kA nirodha karane tapazcaraNa ke lie zatrujayagiri para dhyAnastha the, to kyA koI mahAbhArata huA? ulTe mahAbhArata kI kaSAya se dahakate yavarodhana ne unake Upara aMgIThI jalAkara apanA pratizodha lenA cAhA, to unhoMne apanI . kSamArUpI jaladhArA se usakA zamana kara sva-para-kalyANa kA patha prazasta kara diyA thaa| ata: icchAoM ko udvega/prasAra hI kalahotpAdaka hai, jabaki 'icchAnirodhastapa:' dharma kA rUpa hokara sukha-zAMti kA prasAraka hai| - ye ahiMsA, saMyama, tapa Adi Atmadharma haiN| inako apanAnA, jAgRta karanA hI 'dharma' hai| isake lie kahIM jAne kI, koI veSa dhAraNa karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| mAtra AtmasvabhAva kA Azraya lene kI apekSA hai| - Aja jo 'dharma' ko lekara pArasparika vaimanasya kA vAtAvaraNa bana rahA hai, usake bAre meM manISIpravara DaoN. nAmavarasiMha jI ne hAla hI meM eka bahuta sundara nidarzana prastuta kiyA hai| 'mahAbhArata' graMtha kA 'dharma' viSayaka vaha uddharaNa hai "dharma yo bAdhate dharma, na ca dharma kuvartma tat / avirodhAt tu sadharma, sa dharma satyavikrama: / / " arthAt jo dharma dUsare ko bAdhA pahu~cAye, vaha dharma hai hI nahIM, vaha to kumArga (dharma prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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ke viparIta mArga) hai, adharma hai| Atmadharma se jo avirodhI ho, vaha vAstavika dharma hai| vahI saccA puruSArtha hai| bhalA prakAza prakAza kA, amRta amRta kA virodhI kabhI ho sakatA hai? kadApi nahIM, virodha to prakAza aura andhakAra meM, amRta aura viSa meM ho sakatA hai| isaprakAra dharma kA virodhI to adharma ho sakatA hai| jo virodha/visaMvAda kA pATha par3hAye, vahaM dharma hai hI nahIM, vaha to 'adharma' hai| . paraspara virodha kI bAta jAti, saMpradAya, varga Adi kI saMkIrNatA meM to saMbhava hai, 'dharma' ke vaizvika udArarUpa meM virodha kI saMbhAvanA hI nahIM hai| ata: jo dharma ke nAma para virodha aura vaimanasya kI bAta karate haiM, ve sAmpradAyika ho sakate haiM, jAtivAdI ho sakate haiM, vargavizeSa ke pracAraka ho sakate haiM; kintu dharmAtmA kabhI nahIM ho sakate haiN| kyoMki dharmAtmA to ahiMsaka hotA hai, saMyamI hotA hai, nirIhavRtti kA dhanI tapasvI hotA hai| vartamAna saMdarbho meM 'dharma' ke svarUpa ke isa vaizvarUpa kA manana, ciMtana evaM aMgIkaraNa anivAryata: apekSita hai| vizvadharma kA svarUpa zaddhopayogasiddhyarthaM vizvadharmo vivecyte| artha :- zuddhopayoga kI siddhi ke lie guru svayaM vizvadharma kA nirUpaNa karate haiN| uttara :- dhanasya buddheH samayasya zakteH, niyojanaM prANihite sadaiva / svAdvizvadharma: sukhado suzAntyai, jJAtveti pUrvoktavidhividheyaH / / 242 / / yatastriloke svarasasya pAnaM, syAcchuddhacidrUpasukhasya carcA / AcandratArArkamitIha kIrti-graha gRhe maMgalagItavAdyam / / 243 / / ___ artha :- bhavyajIvoM ko sadAkAla samasta prANiyoM ke hita ke lie hI apane dhana kA, apanI buddhi kA, apane samaya kA aura apanI zakti kA upayoga karanA caahie| yahI samasta saMsAra kA hita karanevAlA vizvadharma hai| yahI samasta prANiyoM ko sukha denevAlA hai aura isI dharma ko dhAraNa karane se samasta saMsAra ko zAMti prApta hotI hai| yahI samajhakara samasta jIvoM ko isa vizvadharma kA pAlana karate rahanA cAhiye, kyoMki isa vizvadharma kA pAlana karane se Atmajanya anupama-sukha kI prApti hotI hai, cidAnaMda-svarUpa zuddha-AtmA se utpanna honevAle sukha kI prApti hotI hai tathA (isake pariNAmasvarUpa) isa saMsAra meM jaba taka tAre aura candramA va sUrya vidyamAna haiM, taba taka kIrti phailatI rahatI hai aura taba taka hI ghara-ghara meM maMgalagAna hote rahate haiN| -(sAbhAra uddhRta, 'bhAvatrayaphalapradarzI', lekhaka- sva. AcArya zAMtisAgara jI ke ziSya sva. AcArya kunthusAgara jI, pRSTha 240-241, hindI anuvAdaka- sva. paNDita lAlArAma zAstrI) prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 009

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jagadguru -AcArya vidyAnanda munirAja loka meM sarvatra guru kI acintya-mahimA mAnI gaI hai| mAtra tIrthaMkara paramAtmA hI svayaMprabuddha hone ke kAraNa apane guru svayaM hote haiM, anyathA sabhI ke lie Atmika utthAna ke nimitta guru kI apekSA anivArya hotI hai| yahA~ taka kI laukika-kalA-zikSA Adi meM niSNAta banane ke lie bhI guru kI anivAryatA mAnI gaI hai| yadi kahIM koI apane Apa kisI kalA yA vidyA ko sIkha bhI letA hai, to bhI usameM vaha nikhAra yA pariSkAra nahIM hotA, jo ki kisI vizeSajJa-guru ke sAnnidhya meM vidhivat prazikSaNa lene para AtA hai| udAharaNasvarUpa hama mayUra kA dRSTAMta le sakate haiN| mayUra bahuta sundara nRtya karatA hai tathA usake nRtya ko dekhakara janamAnasa maMtramugdha ho jAtA hai, phira bhI guru se prazikSaNa liye binA nRtya karane ke kAraNa nAcate samaya usakA guhya-aMga dikhatA hai| isase usakI nRtyakalA utkRSTa hote hue bhI doSarahita nahIM kahI jaatii| niSkarSata: yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki pratyeka vyakti ke lie jJAna-vijJAna, kalA-vidyA evaM Atmika utthAna Adi sabhI kSetroM meM yogya-guru kI anivArya-apekSA hotI hai| . 'guru' zabda 'gu' aura 'ru' - ina do vargoM ko milAkara banAyA gayA hai| isa AdhAra para nItigraMtha meM guru ko ajJAnarUpI aMdhakAra ko dUra karanevAlA mAnA gayA hai gu-zabdastvandhakAre ca ru-shbdstnnivrtkH| . andhakAravinAzitvAd gururitybhidhiiyte|| artha :- 'guru' zabda kA artha lagAnevAloM ne 'gu' aura 'ru' donoM akSaroM ke kramaza: ajJAna-andhakAra aura tannivartaka artha karate hue 'andhakAra (ajJAnarUpa) ke nAzayitA' ko 'guru' kahA hai| lokaprasiddha isa zloka meM bhI guru kA yahI svarUpa pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai "ajJAnatimirAndhasya jnyaanaaNjnshlaakyaa| cakSurunmIlitaM yena tasmai zrIgurave nm:||" -(kAtaMtra-rUpamAlA, maMgalAcaraNa 5 ) artha :- ajJAnarUpa andhakAra se andhe huye lokacakSuoM ko jinhoMne jJAnarUpa 40 10 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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aJjana kI zalAkA se unmIlita kiyA, una guruoM ko namaskAra hai| vizeSata: dharmasAdhanA ke kSetra meM to guru kI anivArya AvazyakatA jJAniyoM ne pratipAdita kI hai "vinA gurubhyo guNavAnnaro'pi, dharmaM na jAnAti vicakSaNo'pi / AkarNadIrghojjvalalocano'pi, dIpaM binA pazyati nAndhakAre / / " - (nItisAra) artha :- tIkSNa-buddhivAlA guNavAna puruSa bhI guru ke binA usIprakAra dharma kA svarUpa jJAta nahIM kara sakatA, jisaprakAra kAnoM taka lambI sundara aura nirdoSa A~khoM vAlA vyakti yadi andhakAra meM A~khoM ko phAr3a-phAr3akara dekhe, to bhI binA dIpaka ke use vastu dRSTigata nahIM hotii| isI bAta ko ina choTe-choTe vAkyoM meM bhI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai "guroreva prasAdena labhyate jnyaanlocn:|" artha :- guru kI hI prasannatA (kRpA) se jJAnarUpI netra prApta hotA hai| isIlie jJAnI-guru ko saMsArarUpI sAgara se pAra utAranevAlA kahA gayA hai ___ "bhavAbdhestArako guruH|" - (kSatracUr3AmaNi, zloka, 2/30) artha :- guru hI saMsAra-sAgara se tAranevAlA hai| aise jJAnI-guru kA svarUpa isa padya meM prabhAvI DhaMga se nirUpita kiyA gayA hai "gurava: pAntu vo nityaM jnyaandrshn-naaykaa:| cAritrArNava-gambhIrA mokSamArgopadezakA: / / " - (dazabhakti, pRSTha 160) artha :- jo samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra ke nAyaka hote haiM, gambhIra cAritrasamudra aura mokSapatha ke upadeSTA hote haiM, aise jJAnI-guru hameM jIvana meM prApta hoN| aise guru ke saMsarga meM samaya kaba bIta jAtA hai, patA hI nahIM calatA tathA inake binA jIvana bhAra ke samAna pratIta hotA hai yoge viyoge divase gurUNAM, aNoraNIyAn mahato mahIyAn / " artha :- guru ke saMyoga meM dina choTe se choTA hotA hai aura viyoga meM bar3e se bar3A lagatA hai| ___ guru kI mahimA batAnevAle jaina-vAGmaya meM anekoM uddharaNa prApta hote haiM, jinameM se . kucha prabhAvI uddharaNa nimnAnusAra haiM __ 'guru kI mahimA varanI na jaay| guru nAma japoM mana-vacana-kAya / / ' - diva-zAstra-guru-pUjana) "guru diNayaru guru himakiraNu guru dIvau guru deu| appaha~ paraha~ paraMparaha~ jo darisAvai bheu / / " -(AcArya yogIndradeva) prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0011

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artha :(sUrya) haiM, guru hI candramA hai, guru dIpaka haiM aura guru hI deva haiN| guru ko prajJAcakSu pradAna karanemeM nimitta batAkara use 'mAtA-pitA se bhI zreSThatara' kahA gayA hai-- "garbhAdhAnAkriyAmAtranyUnau hi pitarau guru: / " jo paramparA se AtmA aura para kA bheda dazati haiM - aise guru dinakara - (kSatracUr3AmaNi, dvitIya lamba, zloka, 59 ) artha :- nau mahIne nau dina mA~ ne garbha meM rakhA, isIlie hI mAtA-pitA ke upakAra haiM, anyathA jIvanabhara sAre upakAra guru ke hI haiN| "gururvidhAtA gurureva dAtA, guru: svabandhurgururatnasindhuH / gururvinetA gurureva tAto, gururvimokSo hatakarmapakSaH / / " - ( cArukIrti bhaTTAraka, gItavItarAga, 9/5) artha guru hI vidhAtA hai, guru hI dAtA hai, guru hI svabandhu hai, guru hI ratnoM ( ratnatraya) kA sindhu hai, guru hI vinetA (mokSamArgasya netAraM ) hai, guru hI pitA hai aura kyA kaheM gurudeva hI karmoM kA nAza karane meM nimitta haiM, isalie ve mokSasvarUpa haiM / ata: aise parama-upakArI guru kA jo sammAna nahIM karate, unake prati mahAkavi zUdraka likhate haiM "ye satyameva na gurUn pratimAnayanti / teSAM kathaM nu hRdayaM na bhinatti lajjA / / " - (mudrArAkSasa, 3/33 ) - artha :yaha saca hai ki jo loga gurujanoM kA sammAna nahIM karate, unakA hRdaya lajjAvidIrNa kyoM nahIM ho jAtA ? guru kI gambhIratA kA yazogAna isa padya meM atyaMta prabhAvI rIti se kiyA gayA hai-- "devIM vAcamupAsate hi bahavaH sAraM tu sArasvataM / jAnIte nitarAmasau gurukulakliSTo murAriH kaviH / / abdhirlaMghita eva vAnarabhaTaiH kintvasya gambhIratAM / ApAtAla - nimagna- pIvaratanurjAnAti mandarAcala: / / " - ( AcArya hemacandra sUri ) artha :- pallavagrAhI pustakI vidyA se aba taka anekoM ne vAgdevI kI upAsanA kI hai| sArasvata-sAra ko mAtra gurukula - vAsa meM nivAsa karake AkliSTa huA murArI kavi hI jAnatA hai| kapibhaToM ne samudra kA laMghana to kiyA, lekina kyA usakI gaharAI ko jAnA? nahIM jaanaa| usakI gaharAI ko pAtAla taka DUbA huA mahAn mandarAcala hI jAnatA hai| AcArya yogIndradeva ne 'amRtAzIti' graMtha meM samasta tattvajJAna ko 'guru-paramparA se prApta' kahakara guru kI mahimA batAI hai-- 00 12 prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara 2002

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vakSyAmi te guruparamparayA prayAtam / / 34 / / gurusamaya-niyogAt pratyayasyApi hetoH / / 53 / / guru kI kRpA se hI avinAzI dhruva. Atmatattva kA jJAna aura anubhUti ho sakatI hai| aisA pratipAdana AcArya yogIndradeva ne 'amRtAzIti' graMtha ke nimnalikhita tIna padyoM meM kiyA hai- jvara-janana-jarANAM vedanA yatra nAsti, paribhavati na mRtyu gatirnogatirvA / tadativizadacittai: labhyatege'pi tattvam, guruguNa-gurupAdAmbhoja-sevAprasAdAt / / 56 / / __artha :- jo (tattva) akArAdi svaroM ke samUha, visarga, 'ka' Adi vyaMjanAkSaroM Adi se rahita hai; ahitakArI vibhAva-pariNAmoM se rahita hai, avinAzI/nitya hai, saMkhyAtIta/ananta hai; rasa, andhakAra, rUpa, sparza, gandha, jala, vAyu, pRthvI, agni, aNutA-sthUlatA, dizAoM ke samUha (arthAt pUrva-pazcima Adi kSetra-bheda) se jo rahita hai, (tathA) jahA~ jvara, janma, vRddhAvasthA kI, vedanA nahIM hai, (jahA~) mRtyu kA prabhAva nahIM hai, gati-Agati-donoM kA jahA~ abhAva hai; usa tattva ko zreSTha guNoMvAle gurujanoM ke caraNa-kamaloM kI sevA ke prasAda se atyanta nirmala manavAloM (sAdhakoM) ko (apane) zarIra meM bhI prApta ho jAtA hai| giri-gahanaguhAdyAraNya-zUnyapradeza, sthitikaraNanirodha-dhyAna-tIrthopasevAprapaThana-japa-homairbrahmaNo nAsti siddhi:, magaya tadaparaM tvaM bho ! prakAraM gurubhya: / / 57 / / artha :-- parvatoM, unakI gahana guphAoM evaM jaMgala Adi ke nirjana-pradezoM meM kAyotsarga (sthiti), indriyanirodha, dhyAna (sarAgI devatAoM kA), tIrthoM ke sevana, (stotrAdi ke) paThana, japa, homa-inase; brahma (zuddhAtma tattva) kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai; isalie he ziSya ! guruoM ke pAsa rahakara dUsare tarIke kI khoja kro| dRgavagamanalakSma svasya tattvaM samantAd, gatamapi nijadehe dehibhirnopalakSyam / tadapi guruvacobhirbodhyate tena deva:, gururadhigatatattvastattvata: pUjanIya: / / 58 / / artha :- darzana va jJAna cihnavAle, nija paramAtmatattva ko, apane zarIra meM, zarIradhArI prANiyoM dvArA, dRSTigocara/anubhUtigamya nahIM ho pAtA hai| vaha (paramAtmatattva) bhI sadguru ke upadezoM se jJAta ho jAtA hai| isa kAraNa se tattvajJAnI sadgurudeva yathArthata: pUjanIya haiN| sAkSAt guru kI mahimA to acintya hai hI, sthApanA-nikSepa ke aMtargata nirmApita guru kI pratimA Adi bhI kAryasAdhaka hotI haiM, aise dRSTAMta bhAratIya sAMskRtika granthoM meM prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00 13

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anekatra prApta hote haiN| jaise bhillarAja ekalavya guru droNAcArya kI miTTI kI mUrti banAkara use hI sAkSAt guru mAnakara dhanurveda-vidyA-sAdhana karatA thA, use isa mRttikAmaya guruprasAda se vidyAe~ siddha ho gaI thIM-- "gurupradiSTaM niyama, sarvakAryANi sAdhayet / yathA ca mRttikAdroNa: vidyAdAnaparo bhavet / / " (vratatithinirNaya) artha :- guru ke dvArA diyA gayA niyama sabhI kAryoM kI siddhi karAtA hai| jaiseki miTTI ke bane hue droNAcArya bhI (ekalavya ko) vidyA-dAna meM samartha hue the| vizeSata: AtmA kA guru AtmA hI adhyAtmagranthoM meM pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai-- "svayaM hitaprayoktRtvAt, Atmaiva gururaatmnH|" - (iSTopadeza, 34) / artha :- nizcayanaya se AtmA hI AtmA kA guru hai, kyoMki vaha svayaM hI svayaM kA hita kara sakatA hai| kyoMki _ 'yasya nAsti svayaM prajJA, zAstraM tasya karoti kim / ' arthAt jise svayaM prabuddhapanA nahIM ho, zAstra yA zikSaka ke dvArA use jJAna nahIM diyA jA sktaa| "Atmano gururAtmaiva puruSasya vizeSata: / yat pratyakSAnumAnAbhyAM zreyo'sAvanuvindate / / "- (bhAgavata, 11/7/20) artha :- isa saMsAra meM prANiyoM kA guru unakA apanA AtmA hI hai, vizeSarUpa se puruSa (manuSya) kaa| kyoMki vaha pratyakSa tathA anumAna dvArA apane zreya ko pahacAna letA hai, prApta kara letA hai| vAstava meM aise Atmaguru tIrthakaradeva hote haiM, isIliye unheM 'jagadguru' kahA gayA "jagadguru: jagatAM jagati jgdguruH|" -(jinasahasranAma kI paM. AzAdharasUrikRta TIkA, 3/44, pR. 163) artha :- jagat meM rahanevAle prANI-varga ke guru mahAn dharmopadezaka ko 'jagadguru' kahate haiN| yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki ziSya kahe ki ye mere guru haiM', yaha zobhanIya hai; kiMtu yaha merA ziSya hai', --aisA kahanA 'adhama guru' kA lakSaNa hai| 'zeDavAla' meM AcArya zAMtisAgara jI ko kisI kSullaka jI ne 'jagadguru' evaM 'yogIndratilaka' vizeSaNa prayoga kiye, to AcAryazrI ne turanta Toka diyA ki ye vizeSaNa tIrthaMkara paramAtmA ke haiM, hama jaise sAmAnya yatiyoM ke lie nhiiN| hamArA to tIna kama nau karor3a muniyoM ke aMta meM bhI nambara laga jAye, to bhI maiM apanA saubhAgya smjhuugaa| ___ Aja kI vizeSaNapriya-paramparA ke loga kyA isa ghaTanA kI gaMbhIratA ko samajha pAyeMge? tho 00 14 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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jainadharma meM rASTradharma kI kSamatA vidyamAna hai -satyadeva vidyAlaMkAra dharma kA sAMskRtika rUpa jainadharma dArzanika-siddhAMtoM kI itanI apekSA nahIM rakhatA, jitanI apekSA usako apane usa sAMskRtikarUpa kI hai, jo lokajIvana ke vyavahAra ke mAdhyama se prakaTa hotA hai| usake isa sAMskRtikarUpa kA nikhAra mAnava-jIvana ke yugoM-yugoM ke prayogAtmaka-pariSkAra kA pariNAma hai| pariSkAra kI isa prakriyA kA sUtrapAta sRSTi ke prArambhakAla meM huA aura bhagavAn mahAvIra taka vaha prakriyA nirantara va satata calatI rhii| prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne lokavyavahAra kI jo maryAdA sthira kI, usameM parivardhana nirantara hote gye| isIliye to unake bAda se bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya taka kula 24 tIrthaMkaroM kA astitva svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai aura saba lokavyavahAra kI maryAdA kA nirantara pariSkAra karate rahe haiN| bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne mAnava-jIvana ke niyamana aura niyaMtraNa ke lie sAmya-bhAvanA ko vizeSa mahattva diyaa| sAmya-bhAvanA ko hI gItA meM Atmopamya-dRSTi kahA gayA hai aura gItA kA samatva-yoga' bhI sAmya-bhAvanA kA hI samarthaka hai| sAmya-bhAvanA ke binA mAnava-jIvana kA vyavahAra nibha hI nahIM sktaa| ___ parantu sAmya bhAvanA ko saba kucha mAnakara usase santuSTa ho sakanA bhI sambhava na ho skaa| isa sAmya-bhAvanA meM se ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya tathA aparigraha Adi tattvoM kA kramaza: vikAsa huA aura unako vikasita karane kA zreya hai vibhinna-samayoM meM prakaTa hone vAle tIrthaMkaroM ko| ye saba bhAvanAtmaka-tattva eka-dUsare ke pUraka haiM aura unakI pUrNatA se hI mAnava-jIvana ke lokavyavahAra kA pUrNatA ko prApta honA sambhava ho sakA hai| sAmyamUlaka-bhAvanA ko paripUrNa karane ke lie ahiMsA kI AvazyakatA anubhava kI gii| ahiMsA-bhAvanA ke lie 'satya' kA Azraya lenA Avazyaka ho gyaa| satya kI pratiSThA ke lie 'asteya' kA sahArA Avazyaka ho gyaa| asteya bhAvanA kI pUrNatA ke lie 'brahmacarya' ke rUpa meM indriya-nigraha Avazyaka samajhA gayA aura indriya-nigraha athavA brahmacarya ke lie hI 'aparigraha' kA pAlana anivArya bana gyaa| isa prakAra ye pA~coM vrata mAnava-jIvana ke loka-vyavahAra kI pUrNatA ke lie AdhArabhUta-tattva bana gae aura usakI paripUrNatA ke lie . prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00 15

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unako mahAvratoM kA nAma diyA gyaa| mahAvratoM kA pAlana karanevAle yati muni athavA sAdhu ke jIvana ko mAnava-jIvana kI pUrNatA kA yahA~ taka pratIka mAnA gayA ki usako 'bhagavAn' mAnakara pUjA jAne lgaa| yaha pUjA vastuta: AtmasAdhanA kI pUrNatA kI hI pUjA hai| mAnavajIvana ke vyavahAra meM ina tattvoM kA samAveza jisa prakriyA se huA, usI se usa dharma kA pariSkAra athavA nikhAra huA, jisako jainadharma' kahA jAtA hai| isaprakAra jainadharma ko aisA dharma mAnanA cAhie, jo sadA hI parivardhanazIla hone ke kAraNa vikAsonmukha rahA hai| . siddhAnta aura jIvana-vyavahAra isIliye hamArI mAnyatA yaha hai ki jainadharma apane vizuddharUpa meM saMskRtipradhAna dharma hai| usako una dharmoM kI taraha siddhAnta-pradhAna nahIM kahanA cAhie, jo loka-vyavahAra se udAsIna rahakara kevala siddhAntoM kI dArzanika-mImAMsA kI bhUla-bhulaiyA meM bhaTakate rahate haiM aura sAdhAraNabuddhi-mAnava ke lie gUDha-pahelI banakara raha jAte haiN| isIkAraNa jainadharma mukhyatayA na to zAstraparaka hai, na vyaktiparaka hai, na camatkAraparaka hai aura na kAlaparaka hai| ____ anya dharmoM kI sthiti aisI nahIM hai| ve adhikatara zAstraparaka haiN| udAharaNa ke lie vaidika-dharma ke mUla-AdhAra veda' haiN| isIprakAra IsAI-dharma kA mUla-AdhAra 'bAibila', islAma kA kurAnazarIpha' aura pArasI-dharma kA 'jindAvestA' hai| jainadharma kisI eka zAstra athavA Agama taka sImita nahIM hai| vyaktiparaka se abhiprAya yaha hai ki anya adhikatara dharma vyaktivizeSa kI vANI se Adeza yA upadeza ke rUpa meM prakaTa hue haiN| udAharaNa ke lie bauddha-dharma kA prAdurbhAva bhagavAn buddha se, IsAI-dharma kA IsA masIha se, islAma kA hajarata muhammada sAhaba se aura pArasI-dharma kA 'jarathusta' se huaa| jainadharma kI sthiti yaha nahIM hai| vaha kisI eka hI vyaktivizeSa kI vANI se prakaTa huA Adeza yA upadeza nahIM hai| camatkAraparaka se tAtparya yaha hai ki aneka dharma apane anuyAyiyoM ko camatkAroM ke cakra meM ulajhAye rakhate haiN| unameM siddha-puruSoM kI camatkArapUrNa mohamAyA kA jaMjAla kucha aisA phailA huA hai ki sAdhAraNabuddhi-mAnava usameM ulajha jAtA hai aura jAdU-Tone tathA taMtra-maMtra Adi meM hI dharma kI itizrI mAna baiThatA hai| jainadharma meM aise jaMjAla kA koI sthAna nahIM hai| vaha ekamAtra loka-vyavahAra para nirbhara hai| vaidika-dharma kI pariNati jaba brAhmaNa-dharma ke rUpa meM huI, taba vaha usa karmakANDa para nirbhara raha gayA, jisakA rUpa anta meM camatkAraparaka hI bana gyaa| putraiSaNA, vittaiSaNA tathA lokaiSaNA Adi saba kI pUrti ke lie yajJaparaka-karmakANDa kA sahArA liyA jAne lgaa| brAhmaNoM ke vividha prakAra ke yajJAnuSThAnoM meM una daivI-zaktiyoM kI kalpanA kI gaI, jisake kAraNa unako mAnava kI samasta AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti kA sAdhana mAna liyA gyaa| isI kAraNa 'gItA' meM zrIkRSNa ne bhogaizvaryapradhAna-karmakANDa kA bhayAnakarUpa meM niSedha kiyA aura unhoMne vedoM ko usa karmakANDa kA mUla mAnakara unakA prativAda karane meM tanika-bhI saMkoca nahIM kiyaa| 0016 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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jainadharma meM aise karmakANDa kA koI sthAna nahIM hai| kAlaparaka se abhiprAya yaha hai ki adhikatara dharmoM kA prAdurbhAva kAlavizeSa tathA paristhitivizeSa meM huA hai| unakA mahattva bhI kAlavizeSa tathA paristhitivizeSa taka hI sImita hai| ve kAlAtIta nahIM haiM aura trikAla kI AvazyakatAoM kI samAnarUpa se pUrti kI unameM kSamatA bhI nahIM hai| unako ekakAlika kahA jA sakatA hai, ve trikAlika nahIM haiN| isI prasaMga meM eka aura dRSTi se bhI vicAra karanA anucita na hogaa| brAhmaNa aura zramaNa-saMskRtiyoM meM dhArmika- dRSTi se jo bar3A antara hai aura jisako mahAbhASyakAra ne 'zAzvata-virodha' kahA hai, vaha unake nAma se bhI spaSTa hai| 'brAhmaNa' zabda kA abhiprAya brahmaparaka-karmakANDa para nirbhara vyavasthA se hai aura 'zramaNa' zabda zramaparaka athavA zrama-pradhAna-vyavasthA kA bodhaka hai| zramaNa-saMskRti hara vyakti ke apane jIvana-vyavahAra para nirbhara hai, jaba ki brAhmaNa-saMskRti kI sampUrNa-vyavasthA vyakti ke apane zrama para nirbhara na rahakara dUsare ke zrama para nirbhara hone se parAzrita kahI jA sakatI hai| brAhmaNa-saMskRti ke anusAra brAhmaNa dvArA kiyA gayA karmakANDa dUsare ke lie bhI phaladAyaka ho sakatA hai| purohita kI vyavasthA yajamAna ke lie isI hetu se kI gaI hai ki vaha usake lie dharma-karma kA yathAvidhi anuSThAna karatA hai| brAhmaNa dharma-karma ke lie isaprakAra dUsaroM kA ejeNTa bana gayA aura dAna-dakSiNA Adi lekara dUsaroM ke lie dharma-karma karane meM laga gyaa| isIkAraNa brAhmaNa kA dharma-karma dhArmika anuSThAna kI apekSA dhArmika vyavasAya adhika bana gyaa| brAhmaNa ko dI gaI dAna-dakSiNA aura mandiroM Adi para car3hAve Adi ke anupAta se dharma-karma kA puNya prApta hone kI bhAvanA baddhamUla ho gii| brAhmaNa ne dharma-karma ke anuSThAna kI sArI jimmevArI apane para lekara zeSa-samAja ko usase vimukha kara diyA aura svayaM bhI dAna-dakSiNA Adi para nirbhara hone ke kAraNa niThallA bana gyaa| yaha niThallApana taba caramasImA para pahu~ca gayA, jaba dhArmika va sAmAjika-vyavasthA kA mUla-AdhAra janma kI Akasmika-ghaTanA ko mAna liyA gyaa| 'brAhmaNatva' kI prApti ke lie jaba brAhmaNa ke ghara meM paidA honA paryApta samajha liyA gayA, taba usake sampAdana karane ke lie kisI bhI prakAra kA zrama karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhii| zUdra ke ghara meM paidA hone vAle ke lie kitanA bhI zrama karane para zUdratva se chuTakArA pAnA sambhava na rhaa| sArAMza yaha hai ki brAhmaNa-dharma kI vyavasthA meM zrama kA mahattva nahIM rhaa| ___ isake viparIta zramaNa-saMskRti kA mUla AdhAra vaha zrama hai, jisake dvArA AtmavikAsa meM saMlagna-vyakti aNuvratoM aura mahAvratoM kA pAlana karate hue isI janma meM isI tana ke sAtha bhagavAn pada kI prApti kara sakatA hai| usake lie tana ko tyAgane ke bAda hI mokSa-prApti kI anivAryatA nahIM hai| lokabhASA meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jainadharma kI mAnyatA yaha hai ki 'jaisA karoge, vaisA bhroge'| apane zrama ke anusAra hara vyakti ko usakA pariNAma bhoganA hI prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 10 17

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hogaa| kisI bhI karmakANDa dvArA isa vyavasthA ko badalA nahIM jA sktaa| hara vyakti kI AtmasAdhanA usake apane zrama para nirbhara hai| usake lie vaha kisI dUsare ko dAna-dakSiNA dekara kamIzana-ejeNTa athavA ThekedAra nahIM banA sktaa| yaha donoM saMskRtiyoM meM mUlabhUta-antara hai aura isI ko mahAbhASyakAra pataMjali kI paribhASA meM zAzvata-virodha kahA gayA hai| jainadharma kI AtmasAdhanA . isa bhAvanA ko dUsare zabdoM meM isaprakAra vyakta kiyA jA sakatA hai ki jainadharma AtmasAdhanA-pradhAna hai| jisa 'jina' zabda se jaina zabda kA prAdurbhAva huA hai usakA artha hai 'jitendriyatA' athavA 'brahmacarya', jo indriyajanya viSaya-vAsanA ke aparigraha kI parAkASThA hai| 'gItA' ne bhI svIkAra kiyA hai ki "viSayAgnirna varddhante nirAhArasya dehinaH" arthAt AhAra-vyavahAra meM niyantraNa rakhanevAlA hI indriyoM ke viSayoM se mukta ho sakatA hai| AhAra-vyavahAra ke isa niyantraNa ko 'gItA' meM 'nirAhAra' kahA gayA hai| saba khAna-pAna tathA vyavahAra chor3akara sarvathA-ekAMta meM sirpha havA para to nirbhara nahIM rahA jA sakatA, kintu jainadharma athavA zramaNa-saMskRti ke anusAra mahAvratoM kA pAlana karate huye aparigraha kI sthiti to mAnava ke liye asaMbhava nahIM hai| aNuvratoM dvArA isa AtmasAdhanA kA upakrama zurU hotA hai aura anta meM mahAvratoM ke mAdhyama se vaha carama sImA para pahu~ca sakatA hai| apane ko isa sAdhanA meM saMlagna karanA hI jainadharma kA vyAvahArika rUpa hai aura vahI mAnava ke liye apane jIvana meM grAhya athavA upAdeya hai| . bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samakAlIna jitendriyatA ke lie aparigraha kA mahattva samajhane vAle anya bhI 'jina' hue haiN| parantu mahAvIra kI bAraha varSa kI aTUTa-tapasyA parama-sAdhanA kA uccatama-Adarza upasthita karatI hai| isIkAraNa unako 'bhagavAn' mAnakara pUjA gayA aura yaha bhrAnta-dhAraNA sAmAnya janatA meM ghara kara gaI ki jainadharma ke pravartaka bhagavAn mahAvIra haiN| isameM sandeha nahIM ki AtmasAdhanA kA uccatama anukaraNIya-Adarza upasthita karake bhagavAn mahAvIra ne zramaNa-saMskRti ke pariSkAra kI prakriyA ko carama sImA para pahu~cA diyA aura unakI utkRSTa-jitendriyatA athavA aparigraha kI isa parama-sAdhanA ke hI kAraNa dharma ke lie jaina' zabda kA vyavahAra prArambha huaa| unake kAla meM dharma ke isa nAmakaraNa kA abhiprAya yaha nahIM ki ve usake pravartaka haiN| ve to isa paramparA ke 24veM tIrthaMkara hI haiN| unake pUrvavartI 23 tIrthaMkaroM dvArA bhI dharma-vyavahAra ke pariSkAra kI isa sAMskRtika-prakriyA ko nirantara prazraya milatA rahA hai| aitihAsika-saccAI aura vAstavika sthiti yaha hai ki pariSkAra kI yaha prakriyA jainadharma meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke bAda bhI nirantara cAlU rahI hai aura usase jainadharma kA nirantara jo nikhAra hotA rahA, usI ke kAraNa vaha dUsaroM ke ghora-virodha meM bhI TikA rahA aura bauddha-dharma kI taraha apane deza meM nAmazeSa nahIM huaa| jainadharma aura bauddhadharma kA yaha tulanAtmaka-adhyayana bar3A hI upayogI aura mahattvapUrNa hai ki hamAre deza meM 10 18 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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itane prabala-vega se cAroM ora phailanevAlA bauddhadharma azoka, kaniSka tathA harSa sarIkhe pratApI samrAToM kA prazraya pAkara bhI kyoM nAmazeSa ho gayA? aura jainadharma kI sthiti kyoM yathAvat banI rahI? __ saMkSepa meM yahA~ itanA hI kahanA paryApta honA cAhie ki jainadharma kA rUpa vyAvahArika-dRSTi se nirantara sAdhanApradhAna banA rahA aura usake isa rUpa kA bhagavAn mahAvIra ke bAda bhI nirantara nikhAra hotA rhaa| 24 tIrthaMkaroM dvArA prazraya-prApta utkrAntimUlaka-paramparA jainadharma meM nirantara banI rahI aura vaha usakA nikhAra va pariSkAra karatI rhii| parantu bauddhadharma kI sthiti isase sarvathA viparIta rhii| usameM hInayAna, mahAyAna, maMtrayAna aura vajrayAna Adi zAkhAoM kA prAdurbhAva usake vyAvahArikarUpa ko nirantara vikRta hI karatA gyaa| pariNAma yaha huA ki loka-vyavahAra sAdhanA-pradhAna na rahakara viSayavAsanA-pradhAna bana gayA aura vaise hI bauddhadharma ko le DUbA, jaise ki brAhmaNadharma ko bhogaizvarya-pradhAna karmakANDa le dduubaa| isa prakAra jainadharma ke astitva kA mukhya-AdhAra usakA sAdhanApradhAna jIvana-vyavahAra hai| sAMskRtika prayogoM kA sAra ____ aMta meM saMkSepa meM itanA kahanA hI abhISTa hai ki jainadharma kA vartamAnarUpa mAnava-jIvana meM yugoM taka kiye gaye sAMskRtika-prayogoM kA sAra athavA nicor3a hai| usako binA kisI saMkoca ke parivardhanazIla aura isIlie parivartanazIla bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| yaha eka mata se svIkAra kiyA gayA hai ki jisa dharma ko bhagavAn mahAvIra ke kAla meM 'jaina' nAma diyA gayA, vaha unase pUrva bhI vidyamAna thA aura usako anya nAmoM se pukArA jAtA thaa| bhagavAn neminAtha aura bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke kAla meM usako 'nirgrantha' nAma se pukArA jAtA thaa| unake kAla meM nirgrantha-dharma meM ahiMsA ke sAtha-sAtha tapa aura tyAga kI bhAvanA ko aparihArya-mahattva prApta huaa| bAharI tyAga aura tapasyA ko Atmazuddhi tathA Atmaupamya sAmya-bhAvanA kI dRSTi se jaba paryApta na samajhA gayA, taba Antarika-vRttiyoM para vijaya pAne kI AdhyAtmika-bhAvanA prabala huii| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne isa AdhyAtmika-bhAvanA ko jIvana kI sAdhanA kA pramukha-aMga banA diyA aura mAnava kI Antarika-pravRttiyoM para pUrNa-vijaya prApta karane ke Adarza ko mUrtarUpa de diyaa| vratoM tathA mahAvratoM kI dRSTi se jisa dharma ko kevala cAra vrata tathA mahAvrata hone ke kAraNa se bhI cAturyAma' kahA jAtA thA, usameM isa adhyAtma-bhAvanA ke kAraNa pA~caveM vrata tathA mahAvrata kA samAveza huA aura ye pA~coM vrata tathA mahAvrata usake mUlabhUta-AdhAra bana ge| isalie yaha svIkAra karanA hogA ki dharma ke vikAsakrama meM ve bhAvanAe~ samAviSTa hotI rahatI haiM, jo uttarottara prakaTa hotI haiM aura mUlabhUta-bhAvanAoM kA virodha na kara unako prabala tathA sampuSTa banAne kA hI kAma karatI hai| dharma-vikAsa kA sampUrNa itihAsa isakA sAkSI hai aura jinadharma kA vikAsa-krama bhI prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 2019

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usakA samarthaka hai / isa vikAsa krama ko usa per3a se upamA dI jA sakatI hai, jo hI apane phUloM va phaloM ke vikAsa se upayogI evaM mahattvazAlI banatA hai 1 itihAsa kI cetAvanI aura cunautI isa dRSTi se yadi vicAra kiyA jA sake, to jainadharma ke mUlabhUta tattvoM kI vyAkhyA isa rUpa meM avazya hI kI jAnI cAhie ki ve vartamAnakAlIna rASTrIya tathA antarrASTrIya- samasyAoM kA sarvasammata-hala upasthita kara skeN| jo dharma apane maulika tattvoM dvArA vartamAna yuga kI mA~ga athavA *AvazyakatA kI pUrti kI sAmarthya kho baiThatA hai, usakA astitva khatare meM par3a jAtA hai| anya aneka dharmoM kA astitva isIkAraNa khatare meM par3a gayA aura itihAsa meM ve nAmazeSa raha gaye / itihAsa kI yaha eka cetAvanI athavA cunautI hai / bauddhadharma tathA brAhmaNadharma kI taraha jainadharma patanonmukhI na hokara sadaiva utkrAntimUlaka rahA hai aura usakA astitva yuga-yugAntaroM kI vinAzakArI - paristhitiyoM meM bhI banA rahA hai / isIkAraNa isako itihAsa kI isa cetAvanI athavA cunautI para samaya rahate dhyAna denA hI cAhiye / spaSTa zabdoM meM yaha kahanA adhika upayukta hogA ki jaba samAja meM dharma se nirAza hokara dharmanirapekSa-bhAvanA prabala ho rahI hai, taba jainadharma ke anuyAyiyoM ko yaha siddha kara denA cAhiye ki unakA dharma vikAsonmukhI hone ke kAraNa sadA hI vikAsazIla rahA hai, hara yuga kI mA~ga tathA AvazyakatA kI usane pUrti kI hai aura Aja bhI usameM 'rASTradharma' kI AvazyakatA kI pUrti karane kI kSamatA vidyamAna hai / samatA va kSamA, ahiMsA aura syAdvAd Adi AdhArabhUta siddhAntoM ke sambandha meM prastuta - - lekha meM vicAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| sAmAyika, sAmya - bhAvanA athavA samAjavAda kA atyanta utkRSTa evaM zAzvata AdhyAtmikarUpa hai| jainadharma kA sAmyabhAva yA samAjavAda kevala mAnava-samAja taka sImita nahIM hai, prANimAtra usakI paridhi meM samA jAte haiM / brAhmaNadharma "nAnyaH panthA vidyate ayanAya" athavA "mAmaikam zaraNaM vraja" ke rUpa meM ekAntavAdI hai, jabaki jainadharma usake sarvathA viparIta hai / vaha vipakSI ke lie bhI apane hI samAna guMjAiza rakhatA hai| yadi dUsare ke lie guMjAiza rakhakara jIvana - vyavahAra kiyA jAye, to saMgharSa kI saMbhAvanA nahIM rhtii| eka niyata - divasa para jJAta-ajJAta bhUloM athavA avajJAoM ke lie hArdika kSamA-yAcanA, vizvabandhutva tathA vizvazAMti kI nIMva bana sakatI hai| isaprakAra vyAvahArikarUpa meM jainadharma kI kSamatA asIma hai| durbhAgya yaha hai ki jainadharma ke abhimAnI - logoM meM hI vizvAsa, zraddhA tathA niSThA kI kamI usakI kSamatA ke lie ghAtaka siddha ho rahI hai| bhAratIya - jIvana - mahAnada ke donoM kinAroM ko puSTa karane ke bajAya hama unako kamajora karane meM lage haiN| isa vastusthiti ko jitanI jaldI samajhA jA sakegA, utanA hI hamArA kalyANa sunizcita aura surakSita hai| - (sAbhAra uddhRta -- 'bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti - grantha', kalakattA, 1967 I.) OO 20 prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara '2002

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prAkRta-apabhraMza zabdoM kI arthavAcakatA ___-DaoN. mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya __ bhASAI pUrvAgraha ke kAraNa evaM sAMpradAyika-vidveSa kI prabalatA se isa deza meM bhASA ke AdhAra para vargabheda kiye gaye, tathA U~ca-nIca kI bhAvanA ko bar3hAvA diyA gyaa| apanI bAta bar3I karane ke lie aneka prakAra ke kalpita-toM kA sahArA liyA gyaa| itanA hI nahIM, apanI bhASA ko daivIya-zaktisampanna evaM anya logoM kI bhASA ko tuccha batAyA gyaa| bhASika-vikAsa kI paramparA meM jabaki aisI kisI parikalpanA ko sthAna hI nahIM hai, phira bhI apane ko zreSTha evaM dUsare ko hIna' batAne kI saMkucita mAnasikatA ke kAraNa aise prayatna kaI zatAbdiyoM taka calate rhe| kheda kI bAta to yaha hai ki Aja ke vaijJAnika-yuga meM bhI tathAkathita par3he-likhe logoM ke dvArA bhI aisI carcA kI jAtI hai| pratIta hotA hai ki saMta ekanAtha ne isI bhASAI vargabheda kI pIr3A ko vyakta karate hue kahA thA ki saMskRta vANI deve kelI, prAkRta kAya cAro pAsuni jhaalii|' to prAkRta Adi janabhASAe~ kyA coroM ke dvArA banAyI gaI haiM?" arthAt ye bhASAe~ bhI to unhIM varNoM aura mAtrAoM se nirmita haiM, aura inase bhI arthabodha hotA hai, taba inheM samAna-sammAna kyoM nahIM diyA jAtA hai? bhASAoM ke sAmpradAyikIkaraNa kA yaha dRSTikoNa samAja aura rASTra kI asmitA ke lie to ghAtaka hai hI, bhASAvijJAna evaM vyAkaraNa kI dRSTi se bhI nitAnta anucita hai| ___ eka niSpakSa manISI evaM bhAratIya nyAyazAstra ke adhikArI prakANDa vidvAn kI sArasvata-lekhanI se prasUta yaha Alekha pratyeka vyakti ko gambhIratApUrvaka paThanIya evaM mananIya to hai hI; apane | aura samAja ke dRSTikoNa kA adhyayanakara anukaraNIya bhI hai| --sampAdaka 'zabda artha ke vAcaka haiN| yaha sAmAnyata: siddha hone para bhI mImAMsaka aura vaiyAkaraNoM kA yaha.Agraha' hai ki "sabhI zabdoM meM vAcakazakti nahIM hai, kintu saMskRta-zabda hI sAdhu hai aura unhIM meM vAcakazakti hai| prAkRta, apabhraMza Adi zabda asAdhu haiM, unameM arthapratipAdana kI zakti nahIM hai| jahA~-kahIM prAkRta yA apabhraMza-zabdoM ke dvArA arthapratIti dekhI jAtI hai, vahA~ vaha zakti-bhrama se hI hotI hai , yA una prAkRtAdi asAdhu-zabdoM ko sunakara prathama hI saMskRta-sAdhu-zabdoM kA smaraNa AtA hai aura phira unase arthabodha hotA hai|" ___isataraha zabdarAzi ke eka bar3e bhAga ko vAcakazakti se zUnya' kahanevAle isa mata meM eka vicitra sAmpradAyika-bhAvanA kArya kara rahI hai| ye saMskRta-zabdoM ko 'sAdhu' kahakara prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00 21

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aura inameM hI vAcakazakti mAnakara hI cupa nahIM ho jAte, kintu sAdhu-zabda ke uccAraNa ko 'dharma' aura 'puNya' mAnate haiM aura use hI karttavya-vidhi meM zAmila karate haiM tathA 'asAdhu' apabhraMza-zabdoM ke uccAraNa ko zakti-zUnya' hI nahIM, 'pApa kA kAraNa' bhI kahate haiN| isakA mUlakAraNa hai saMskRta meM race gaye veda ko 'dharmya' aura 'pramANa' mAnanA tathA prAkRta, pAli Adi bhASAoM meM race gaye jaina, bauddha Adi AgamoM ko 'adharmya' aura 'apramANa' ghoSita krnaa| strI aura zUdroM ko dharma ke adhikAroM se vaMcita karane ke abhiprAya se unake liye saMskRta-zabdoM kA uccAraNa hI niSiddha kara diyA gyaa| nATakoM meM strI aura zUdra pAtroM ke mukha se prAkRta kA hI uccAraNa karAyA gayA hai| 'brAhmaNa ko sAdhu zabda bolanA cAhiye, apabhraMza yA mleccha-zabdoM kA vyavahAra nahIM karanA cAhie' Adi vidhivAkyoM kI sRSTi kA eka hI abhiprAya hai ki dharma meM veda aura vedopajIvI-varga kA abAdha-adhikAra kAyama rhe| adhikAra ke hathiyAne kI isa bhAvanA ne vastu ke svarUpa meM hI viparyAsa utpanna kara dene kA cakra calAyA aura ekamAtra saMketa ke bala para arthabAdha karanevAle zabdoM meM bhI jAtibheda utpanna kara diyA gyaa| itanA hI nahIM, 'asAdhu duSTa-zabdoM kA uccAraNa vajra banakara indra kI taraha jihvA ko cheda degA' --yaha bhI dikhAyA gyaa| tAtparya yaha ki vargabheda ke vizeSAdhikAroM kA kucakra bhASA ke kSetra meM bhI abAdha-gati se claa| ___ vAkyapadIya' (1-27) meM ziSTa-puruSoM ke dvArA jina zabdoM kA uccAraNa huA hai, aise Agamasiddha-zabdoM ko sAdhu' aura 'dharma kA sAdhana' mAnA hai| yadyapi apabhraMza Adi zabdoM ke dvArA arthapratIti hotI hai, para cU~ki unakA prayoga ziSTajana AgamoM meM nahIM karate haiM; isalie ve 'asAdhu' haiN| tantravArtika' (pR. 278) Adi meM bhI vyAkaraNasiddha-zabdoM ko sAdhu' aura 'vAcakazaktiyukta' kahA hai aura sAdhutva kA AdhAra vRttimattva (saMketa se arthabodha karanA) ko na mAnakara vyAkaraNa-niSpannatva ko hI arthabodha aura sAdhutva kA AdhAra mAnA gayA hai| isataraha jaba arthabodhaka-zakti saMskRta-zabdoM meM hI mAnI gaI, taba yaha prazna svAbhAvika thA ki 'prAkRta aura apabhraMza Adi zabdoM se jo arthabodha hotA hai, vaha kaise?' isakA samAdhAna-drAvir3I prANAyAma ke DhaMga se kiyA hai| unakA kahanA hai ki 'prAkRta Adi zabdoM ko sunakara pahale saMskRta-zabdoM kA smaraNa hotA hai aura pIche unase arthabodha hotA hai| jina logoM ko saMskRta-zabdoM kA jJAna nahIM hai, unheM prakaraNa, arthAdhyAhAra Adi ke dvArA lakSaNA se arthabodha hotA hai| jaiseki bAlaka 'ammA ammA' Adi rUpa se aspaSTa uccAraNa karatA hai, para sunanevAloM ko tadvAcaka mUla 'amba' zabda kA smaraNa hokara hI arthapratIti hotI hai, usItaraha prAkRta Adi zabdoM se bhI saMskRta zabdoM kA smaraNa karake hI arthabodha hotA hai| tAtparya yaha ki kahIM para sAdhu-zabda ke smaraNa ke dvArA, kahIM vAcakazakti ke bhrama se, kahIM prakaraNa aura avinAbhAvI-artha kA jJAna Adi nimitta se 0022 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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honevAlI lakSaNA se arthabodha kA nirvAha ho jAtA hai| isataraha eka vicitra sAmpradAyikabhAvanA ke vaza hokara zabdoM meM sAdhutva' aura 'asAdhutva' kI jAti kAyama kI gaI hai| ___ 'kintu jaba 'anvaya' aura 'vyatireka' dvArA saMskRta-zabdoM kI taraha prAkRta aura apabhraMza-zabdoM se svatantrabhAva se arthapratIti aura lokavyavahAra dekhA jAtA hai, taba kevala saMskRta-zabdoM ko 'sAdhu' aura 'vAcakazaktivAlA' batAnA pakSamoha kA hI pariNAma hai| jina logoM ne saMskRta-zabdoM ko svapna meM bhI nahIM sunA hai, ve nirbAdharUpa se prAkRta Adi bhASA-zabdoM se hI sIdhA vyavahAra karate haiN| ata: unameM vAcakazakti svata:siddha hI mAnanI caahiye| jinakI vAcakazakti kA unheM bhAna hI nahIM hai, una zabdoM kA smaraNa mAnakara arthabodha kI bAta karanA vyavahAra-viruddha to hai hI, kalpanAsaMgata bhI nahIM hai| pramAda aura azakti se prAkRta-zabdoM kA uccAraNa una logoM kA to mAnA jA sakatA hai, jo saMskRta-zabdoM ko dharma mAnate haiM, para jina asaMkhya vyavahArI logoM kI bhASA hI prAkRta aura apabhraMzarUpa lokabhASA hai aura yAvajjIvana ve usI se apanI lokayAtrA calAte haiM, unake lie pramAda aura azakti se bhASAvyavahAra kI kalpanA anubhava-viruddha hai| balki kahIM-kahIM to jaba bAlakoM ko saMskRta par3hAI jAtI hai, taba vRkSa agni' Adi saMskRta zabdoM kA arthabodha rUkha AgI' Adi apabhraMza-zabdoM se hI karAyA jAtA hai| ___ anAdi-prayoga, viziSTapuruSa-praNItatA, bAdhA-rahitatA, viziSTArtha-vAcakatA aura pramANAntara-saMvAda Adi dharma saMskRta kI taraha prAkRtAdi ke zabdoM meM bhI pAye jAte haiN| yadi saMskRta-zabda ke uccAraNa se hI dharma hotA ho; to anya vrata, upavAsa Adi dharmAnuSThAna vyartha ho jAte haiN| 'prAkRta' zabda svayaM apanI svAbhAvikatA aura sarvavyavahAra-mUlakatA ko kaha rahA hai| saMskRta' kA artha hai 'saMskAra kiyA huA' aura 'prAkRta' kA artha hai 'svAbhAvika' / kisI vidyamAna vastu meM koI vizeSatA lAnA hI 'saMskAra' kahalAtA hai| aura vaha isa artha meM kRtrima hI hai| ___ "prakRti: saMskRtam, tatra bhavaM tata AgataM prAkRtam" prAkRta kI yaha "vyutpatti vyAkaraNa kI dRSTi se hai| pahale saMskRta ke vyAkaraNa bane haiM aura pIche prAkRta ke vyaakrnn| ata: vyAkaraNa-racanA meM saMskRta-zabdoM ko prakRti mAnakara varNavikAra, varNAgama Adi se prAkRtaM aura apabhraMza ke vyAkaraNa kI racanAe~ huI haiN| kintu prayoga kI dRSTi se to "prAkRta-zabda hI svAbhAvika aura janmasiddha haiN| jaise ki megha kA jala svabhAvata: ekarUpa hokara bhI nIma, gannA Adi vizeSa-AdhAroM meM saMskAra ko pAkara anekarUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai, usItaraha svAbhAvika sabakI bolI prAkRtabhASA pANini Adi ke vyAkaraNoM se saMskAra ko pAkara uttarakAla meM saMskRta Adi nAmoM ko pA letI hai| para itane mAtra se vaha apane mUlabhUta prAkRtazabdoM kI arthabodhaka-zakti ko nahIM chIna sktii| arthabodha ke lie saMketa hI mukhya-AdhAra hai| jisa zabda kA, jisa artha meM, jina logoM prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0023

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ne saMketa-grahaNa kara liyA hai, una zabdoM se una logoM ko usa artha kA bodha ho jAtA hai' yaha eka sAdhAraNa-niyama hai| yadi aisA na hotA, to saMsAra meM deza-bheda se saikar3oM prakAra kI bhASAe~ na bntiiN| eka hI pustakarUpa artha kA 'grantha, kitAba, pothI' Adi aneka dezIya-zabdoM se vyavahAra hotA hai aura anAdikAla se una zabdoM ke vAcakavyavahAra meM jaba koI bAdhA yA asaMgati nahIM AI, taba kevala saMskRta-zabda meM hI vAcaka-zakti mAnane kA durAgraha aura usIke uccAraNa se dharma mAnane kI kalpanA tathA strI aura zUdroM ko saMskRta-zabdoM ke uccAraNa kA niSedha Adi varga-svArtha kI bhISaNa-pravRtti ke hI duSpariNAma haiN| dharma aura adharma ke sAdhana kisI jAti aura varga ke lie jude nahIM hote| jo brAhmaNaM yajJa Adi ke samaya saMskRta-zabdoM kA uccAraNa karate haiM, ve hI vyavahArakAla meM prAkRta aura apabhraMza-zabdoM se hI apanA samasta jIvana-vyavahAra calAte haiN| balki hisAba lagAyA jAye, to caubIsa ghaMToM meM saMskRta-zabdoM kA vyavahAra pA~ca pratizata se adhika nahIM hotA hogaa| vyAkaraNa ke bandhanoM meM bhASA ko bA~dhakara use pariSkRta aura saMskRti banAne meM hameM koI Apatti nahIM hai| aura isataraha vaha kucha viziSTa vAga-vilAsiyoM kI jJAna aura vinoda kI sAmagrI bhale hI ho jAye, para isase zabdoM kI sarvasAdhAraNa vAcakazaktirUpa-sampatti para ekAdhikAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| 'saMketa ke anusAra saMskRta bhI apane kSetra meM vAcakazakti kI adhikAriNI ho, aura zeSa-bhASAe~ bhI apane-apane kSetra meM saMketAdhIna vAcakazakti kI samAna adhikAriNI raheM' --yahI eka tarkasaMgata aura vyavahArI-mArga hai| ___ zabda kI sAdhutA kA niyAmaka hai - 'avitatha arthAt satya artha kA bodhaka honA', na ki usakA saMskRta honA / jisaprakAra saMskRta zabda 'yati' avitatha arthAt satya artha kA bodhaka hone se 'sAdhu' ho sakatA hai, to usI taraha prAkRta aura apabhraMza bhASAe~. bhI satyArtha kA pratipAdana karane se 'sAdhu' bana sakatI haiN| ___ jaina-paramparA janmagata-jAtibheda aura tanmUlaka vizeSa-adhikAroM ko svIkAra nahIM krtii| isIlie vaha vastuvicAra ke samaya ina vargasvArtha aura pakSamoha ke raMgIna-cazmoM ko dRSTi para nahIM car3hane detI aura isIlie anya-kSetroM kI taraha bhASA ke kSetra meM bhI usane apanI nirmala-dRSTi se anubhava-mUlaka satya-paddhati ko hI apanAyA hai| __ zabdoccAraNa ke lie jihvA, tAlu aura kaMTha Adi kI zakti aura pUrNatA apekSita hotI hai aura sunane ke lie zrotra-indriya kA paripUrNa honaa| ye donoM indriyA~ jisa vyakti ke bhI hoMgI, vaha binA kisI jAtibheda ke sabhI zabdoM kA uccAraNa kara sakatA hai aura suna sakatA hai aura jinheM jina-jina zabdoM kA saMketa gRhIta hai, unheM una-una zabdoM ko sunakara arthabodha bhI barAbara hotA hai| strI aura zUdra saMskRta na par3heM tathA dvija hI par3heM - isaprakAra ke vidhi-niSedha kevala vargasvArtha kI bhitti para AdhArita haiN| vastusvarUpa-vicAra meM inakA koI upayoga nahIM hai, balki ye vastu-svarUpa ko vikRta hI kara dete haiN| 0024 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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pAda-TippaNI1. "gavAdaya eva sAdhavo na gAvyAdayaH iti saadhutvruupniymH|" - (zAstradI. 1/3/27) 2. 'na cApabhraMzAnAmavAcakatayA kathamarthAvabodha iti vAcyam, zaktibhramavatAM bAdhakAbhAvAt / vizeSadarzinastu dvividhA:-tattadvAcakasaMskRtavizeSajJAnavaMta: tdviklaashc| tatra AdyAnAM sAdhusmaraNadvArA arthabodha: / ' -(zabdakaustubha, pR. 32) 3. 'itthaM ca saMskRta eva zaktisiddhau zakyasambandhasvarUpavRtterapi tatraiva bhAvAtattvaM sAdhutvam / ' -vaiyAkaraNabhUSaNa, pR. 249) 4. 'ziSTebhya AgamAt siddhA: sAdhavo dhrmsaadhnm|' - (vAkyapadIya, 1/27) 5. 'tasmAd brAhmaNena na mlecchita vai nApabhASita vai, mleccho ha vA eSa apazabda: / ' -(pAtaMjala mahAbhASya, paspazAhnika) 6. 'sa vAgvajrI yajamAnaM hinasti yathendrazatru: svarato'parAdhAt / ' - (pAtaMjala mahAbhASya, paspazAhnika) 7. dekho, nyAyakumudacandra, pR. 762 / 8. mlecchAdInAM sAdhuzabdaparijJAnAbhAvAt kathaM / tadviSayA smRti:, tadabhAve na go'rthapratipatti: syAt / ' -(tattvopaplavasindhu, pR. 124) 9. 'viparyayadarzanAcca / ' - (vAdanyAyaTIkA, pR. 105) 10. dekho, hema. pra. prAkRtasarvasva, prAkRtacandrikA vAgbhaTTA. TI. 2/2 / . nATyazAstra 17/2 / trivikrama prAkRta, pRSTha / / 11. 'prAkRteti-sakalajagajjantUnAM vyAkaraNAdibhiranAhitasaMskAra: sahajo vacanavyavahAraH prakRti:, tatra bhavaM saiva vA prAkRtam / 'ArisavayaNasiddhadevANaM addhamaggahA vANI' ityAdivacanAdvA prAk pUrvaM prAkkRtam, bAlamahilAdisakalabhASAnibandhanabhUtaM vacanamucyate meghanirmuktajalamivaikasvarUpaM tadeva ca dezavizeSAt saMskArakaraNAJca samAsAditavizeSaM sat saMskRtAdyuttaravibhedAnApnoti / aMta evaM zAstrakRtA prAkRtamAdau nirdiSTaM tadanu saMskRtAdIni / pANinyAdivyAkaraNoditazabdalakSaNena saMskaraNAt saMskRtamucyate / ' - (kAvyAlaMkAra rudraTa, namisAdhu 2/22) -- (jainadarzana', prakAzaka-zrI gaNezaprasAda varNI jaina granthamAlA 2, 7, pR. 373-379 ) ** garbhavatI mahilAoM ko pAlatU jAnavaroM ko pAsa rakhane kI manAhI ___myUnikha : garbhavatI mahilAoM ko apane pAlatU pazu-pakSiyoM kA AliMgana karane se bacanA caahie| unheM ina pAlatU pazu-pakSiyoM ke camar3e aura paMkhoM ko khAsakara mu~ha ke AsapAsa nahIM lagAnA caahie| epothekena umsazAU patrikA ne kahA hai ki kuttoM, billiyoM, cUhoM aura ghAsa para phudakane vAlI cir3iyoM se manuSyoM meM lagabhaga sATha prakAra kI bImAriyoM kA saMkramaNa ho sakatA hai| patrikA ke anusAra yahI sabase bar3A kAraNa hai ki aise pAlatU pazu-pakSiyoM ko bichAvana se dUra rakhA jAtA hai| riporTa meM batAyA gayA hai ki yadi kisI ghara meM pAlatU pazu-pakSI rakhe gae haiM, to usa ghara kI garbhavatI mahilA ko vRddhajanoM ke svAsthya ke prati vizeSa dhyAna denA caahie| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0025

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bhagavAn mahAvIra ke vyaktitva kA darpaNa: _ 'vaDhamANa-carita' -pro. (DaoN.) rAjArAma jaina paramparA aura sota purAtana-kAla se hI zramaNa-mahAvIra kA pAvana-carita kaviyoM ke lie eka sarasa evaM lokapriya-viSaya rahA hai| tiloyapaNNattI' prabhRti zaurasenI-Agama-sAhitya ke bIja-sUtroM ke AdhAra para digambara-kaviyoM evaM 'AcArAMga' Adi ardhamAgadhI-Agama-granthoM ke AdhAra para zvetAmbara-kaviyoM ne samaya-samaya para vividha-bhASAoM meM mahAvIra-caritoM kA praNayana kiyA hai| digambara mahAvIra-caritoM meM saMskRta-bhASA meM AcArya guNabhadrakRta uttarapurANAntargata 'mahAvIracarita' (10vIM sadI), mahAkavi asagakRta vardhamAnacaritra' (11vIM sadI), paNDita AzAdharakRta triSaSTismRtizAstram' ke antargata mahAvIra-purANa, (13vIM sadI), AcArya dAmanandIkRta purANasArasaMgraha (11vIM sadI) ke antargata mahAvIrapurANa, bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti kRta vardhamAnacarita' (16vIM sadI) evaM padmanandIkRta vardhamAnacarita (aprakAzita, sambhavata: 15vIM sadI) pramukha haiN| ___ dAkSiNAtya'-kaviyoM meM kezava, padma, AcaNNa evaM vANIvallabhakRta 'mahAvIracarita' ullekhanIya haiN| apabhraMza-bhASA meM AcArya puSpadantakRta mahApurANAntargata vaDDhamANacariu (10vIM sadI), vibudhazrIdharakRta vaDDhamANacariu (vi.saM. 1190), mahAkavi raidhUkRta mahApurANAntargata mahAvIracariu evaM svatantrarUpa se likhita sammaijiNacariu" (15vIM sadI), jayamitrahalakRta vaDDhamANakavva (aprakAzita, 14-15vIM sadI ke AsapAsa), tathA kavi narasenakRta vaDDhamANakahA" (16vIM sadI) pramukha haiN| ___ jUnI-gujarAtI meM mahAkavi padamakRta mahAvIra-rAsa' (prakAzita, 17vIM sadI) tathA bundelI-hindI meM navalazAhakRtavardhamAnapurANa' (19vIM sadI) pramukha haiN| ___zvetAmbara-paramparA meM ardhamAgadhI-prAkRtAgamoM meM upalabdha mahAvIra-caritoM ke atirikta svatantrarUpa meM prAkRtabhASA meM likhita zrI devendragaNikRta 'mahAvIracariyaM" (10vIM sadI), 00 26 prAkRtavidyA+ aktUbara-disambara '2002

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zrI sumativAcaka ke ziSya guNacandrakRta mahAvIracariyaM (10-11vIM sadI) tathA devabhadrasUrikRta 'mahAvIracariyaM' tathA zIlAMkAcAryakRta cauppannamahApurisacariyaM ke antargata vaDDhamANacariyaM (vi.saM. 925) pramukha haiN| apabhraMza-bhASA meM jinezvarasUri ke ziSya dvArA viracita mahAvIracariu" mahattvapUrNa racanA hai| saMskRta-bhASA meM jinaratnasUri ke ziSya amarasUrikRta 'caturviMzatijinacaritrAntargata' 'mahAvIracaritam (13vIM sadI), hemacandrAcAryakRta triSaSTizalAkApuruSa-caritAntargata mahAvIracarita (13vIM sadI) tathA merutuMgakRta mahApurANa' ke antargata mahAvIracaritam" (14vIM sadI) uccakoTi kI racanAe~ haiN| ___ ukta vardhamAnacaritoM meM se prastuta 'vaDDhamANacariu' kI kathA kA mUlasrota AcArya guNabhadrakRta uttarapurANa' ke 74veM parva meM grathita 'mahAvIracaritra' evaM mahAkavi asagakRta 'vardhamAnacaritra' hai| yadyapi vibudha zrIdhara ne ina srota-granthoM kA ullekha 'vaDDhamANacariu' meM nahIM kiyA hai, kintu tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane se yaha spaSTa hai ki usane ukta vardhamAnacaritroM se mUla-kathAnaka grahaNa kiyA hai| itanA avazya hai ki kavi zrIdhara ne ukta srota-granthoM se ghaTanAe~ lekara AvazyakatAnusAra unameM kucha katara-byauMta kara mUlakathA ko sarvapRthak svatantra, apabhraMza-kAvyocita banAyA hai| ___ guNabhadra ne madhuvana-nivAsI bhillarAja pururavA ke bhavAntara-varNanoM se apanA granthArambha kiyA hai| guNabhadra dvArA varNita satI candanAcarita", rAjA zreNikacarita" evaM abhayakumAracarita", rAjA ceTaka evaM rAnI celanAcarita', jIvandharacarita", rAjA zvetavAhana", jambUsvAmI, prItiMkara muni", kalkiputra ajitaMjaya tathA AgAmI tIrthaMkara Adi zalAkApuruSoM ke caritoM ke varNana" kavi asaga kI bhA~ti hI vibudha zrIdhara ne bhI anAvazyaka samajhakara chor3a diye haiM / guNabhadra ne madhya evaM anta meM dArzanika, AdhyAtmika, saiddhAntika evaM AcAramUlaka vistRta-vivecana kiyA hai| kintu vibudha zrIdhara ne grantha ke madhya meM to uparyukta viSayoM se sambandhita kucha pAribhASika-nAmollekha mAtra karake hI kAma calA liyA hai tathA anta meM bhI saiddhAntika evaM dArzanika viSayoM ko saMkSiptarUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| bhavAvaliyoM ko bhI usane saMkSiptarUpa meM upasthita kiyA hai| isakAraNa kathAnaka apekSAkRta adhika sarasa evaM sahaja-grAhya bana gayA hai| ___ kavi zrIdhara ne kathAvastu ke gaThana meM yaha pUrNa-prayAsa kiyA hai ki prastuta paurANika-sambandha-sthApana tathA antarkathAoM kA yathAsthAna-saMyojana kuzalatApUrvaka kiyA jAya / vividha pAtroM ke mAdhyama se loka-jIvana ke vividha-pakSoM kI sundara-vyAkhyA prastuta kI gayI hai| kathAvastu ke rUpa-gaThana meM kavi ne yogyatA, avasara, satkAryatA evaM rUpAkRti nAmaka tattvoM kA pUrNa dhyAna rakhA hai| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0027

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kucha aitihAsika tathya ____ vibudha zrIdhara sAhityakAra hone ke sAtha-sAtha itihAsavettA bhI pratIta hote haiN| unhoMne apanI racanAoM meM kucha aise aitihAsika tathya prastuta kiye haiM, jo gambhIra rUpa se vicAraNIya haiN| unameM se kucha tathya nimnaprakAra haiM(1) 'ila' gotra evaM munirAja shrutsaagr|' (2) tripRSTha evaM hayagrIva ke yuddha-prasaMgoM meM mRtaka yoddhAoM kI bandIjanoM (cAraNa-bhAToM) dvArA sUciyoM kA nirmaann| (3) dillI ke prAcIna nAma--'DhillI' kA ullekha / (4) tomaravaMzI rAjA anaMgapAla evaM hammIra vIra kA ullekh| 1. kavi zrIdhara ne rAjA nandana ke mukha se munirAja zrutasAgara ko sambodhita karAte hue unheM 'ila-paramezvara' kahalavAyA hai|" yaha ila' athavA 'ila-gotra' kyA thA, aura isa paramparA meM kauna-kauna se mahApuruSa hue haiM, kavi ne isakI koI sUcanA nahIM dii| kintu hamArA anumAna hai ki kavi kA saMketa usa vaMza-paramparA kI ora hai, jisameM kaliMga-samrAT khAravela (I.pU. dvitIya sadI) huA thaa| khAravela ne hAthIgumphA-zilAlekha meM apane ko aira' athavA 'aila' vaMza kA kahA hai| yaha vaMza zaurya-vIrya evaM parAkrama meM advitIya mAnA jAtA rahA hai| rAjasthAna kI paramAra-vaMzAvaliyoM meM bhI kaliMga-vaMza kA ullekha milatA hai| pratIta hotA hai ki paristhitivizeSa ke kAraNa Age-pIche kabhI khAravela kA vaMza paryApta-vistRta hotA rahA tathA usakA aira' athavA aila' gotra bhI deza, kAla evaM paristhitivaza parivartita hotA gyaa| goilla, cAMdilla, gohilya, govila, goyala, guhilota, bhArilla, kAsila, vAsala, mittala, jindala, tAyala, bundela, bAghela, ruhela, khera . Adi gotroM athavA jAtiyoM meM prayukta illa, ila, yala, ala, ela tathA era yA aira ukta ila athavA ela ke hI vividha rUpAntara pratIta hote haiN| sambhavata: khAra+va+ela isa nAma se bhI vidita hotA hai| jo kucha bhI ho, yaha nizcita hai ki 'ila' athavA 'ela' vaMza paryApta pratiSThita evaM prabhAvazAlI rahA hai| 11vIM 12vIM sadI meM bhI vaha paryApta prasiddhi prApta rahA hogA, isIlie kavi ne sambhavata: usI vaMza ke munirAja zrutasAgara ke 'ila' gotra kA vizeSarUpa se ullekha kiyA hai| ___ 2. vibudha zrIdhara usa pradeza kA nivAsI thA, jo sadaiva hI vIroM kI bhUmi banI rahI aura usake AsapAsa nirantara yuddha calate rhe| koI asambhava nahIM, yadi usane apanI A~khoM se kucha yuddhoM ko dekhA bhI ho, kyoMki 'vaDDhamANacariu' meM tripRSTha evaM hayagrIva ke bIca hue yuddha", unameM prayukta vividha prakAra ke zastrAstra", mantri-maNDala ke bIca meM "sAma, dAma, daNDa aura "bheda-nItiyoM ke samarthana evaM virodha meM prastuta kiye gaye vibhinna prakAra ke tarka, "raNanIti, saMvyUha-racanA" Adi se yaha spaSTa vidita hotA hai| 00 28 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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'vaDaDhamANacariu' meM kavi ne likhA hai ki-"cirakAla taka raNa kI dhurI ko dhAraNa karanevAle mRtaka hue tejasvI naranAthoM kI sUcI taiyAra karane hetu bandIjanoM (cAraNa-bhAToM) ne unakA saMkSepa meM kula evaM nAma pUchanA prArambha kara diyaa| kavi kI yaha ukti usakI mAnasika-kalpanA kI upaja nahIM hai| usane pracalita paramparA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara hI usakA kathana kiyA hai| bandIjanoM athavA cAraNa-bhAToM ke kartavyoM meM eka kartavya yaha bhI thA ki ve vIra-puruSoM (mRtaka athavA jIvita) kI vaMza-paramparA tathA unake kAryoM kA vivaraNa rakhA kreN| rAjasthAna meM yaha paramparA abhI bhI pracalita hai| vahA~ ke cAraNa-bhAToM ke yahA~ vIra-puruSoM kI vaMzAvaliyA~, unake pramukha-kArya tathA tatkAlIna mahattvapUrNa sandarbha-sAmagriyA~ bharI par3I haiN| muhaNota naiNasI (vi.saM. 1667-1727) nAmaka eka jaina-itihAsakAra ne ukta kucha sAmagrI kA saMkalana-sampAdana kiyA thA jo 'muhaNota naiNasI rI khyAta'' ke nAma se prasiddha evaM prakAzita hai| rAjasthAna tathA uttara evaM madhyabhArata ke itihAsa kI dRSTi se yaha saMkalana advitIya hai| karnala TaoNDa ne isa sAmagrI kA acchA sadupayoga kiyA aura rAjasthAna kA itihAsa likhaa| kintu ukta khyAtoM meM jitanI sAmagrI saMkalita hai, usakI sahasragunI sAmagrI bhI aprakAzita hI hai| usake prakAzana se aneka navIna aitihAsika tathya ubhreNge| itihAsa-lekhana ke kSetra meM ina cAraNa-bhAToM kA amUlya-yogadAna vismRta karanA samAja kI sabase bar3I kRtaghnatA hogii| vibudha zrIdhara ne samakAlIna cAraNa-bhAToM ke ukta-kArya kA vizeSarUpa se ullekha kara unake prati apanI zraddhA vyakta kI hai| ___3. vibudha zrIdhara ne apanA paricaya dete hue likhA hai ki vaha yamunA nadI pAra karake harayANA se dillI AyA thaa| 'dillI' nAma par3hate-par3hate aba 'DhillI' yaha nAma aTapaTA-jaisA lagane lagA hai| kintu yathArtha meM hI dillI kA purAnA nAma DhillI' evaM usake pUrva usakA nAma 'killI' thaa| 'pRthvIrAjarAso' ke anusAra pRthvIrAja cauhAna kI mA~ tathA tomaravaMzI rAjA anaMgapAla kI putrI ne pRthvIrAja ko killI--DhillI kA itihAsa isaprakAra sunAyA hai--"mere pitA anaMgapAla ke purakhA rAjA kalhaNa (aparanAma anaMgapAla), jo ki hastinApura meM rAjya karate the, eka samaya apane zUra-sAmantoM ke sAtha zikAra khelane nikle| ve jaba eka vizeSa-sthAna para pahu~ce, (jahA~ ki aba dillI nagara basA hai), to vahA~ dekhate haiM ki eka kharagoza unake zikArI kutte para AkramaNa kara rahA hai| rAjA kalhaNa (anaMgapAla) ne Azcaryacakita hokara tathA usa bhUmi ko vIrabhUmi samajhakara vahA~ lohe kI eka kIlI gAr3a dI tathA usa sthAna kA nAma 'killI' athavA 'kalhaNapura' rkhaa| isI kalhana athavA anaMgapAla kI aneka pIr3hiyoM ke bAda mere pitA anaMgapAla (tomara) hue| unakI icchA eka gar3ha banavAne kI huii| ata: vyAsa ne mUhUrta zodhana kara vAstu-zAstra ke anusAra usakA zilAnyAsa kiyA aura kahA ki "he rAjan, prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00 29

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yaha jo kIlI gAr3I jA rahI hai, use pA~ca ghar3I taka koI bhI na chue", --yaha kahakara vyAsa ne 60 aMgula kI eka kIla vahA~ gAr3a dI aura batAyA ki vaha kIla zeSanAga ke mastaka se saTa gayI hai; use na ukhAr3ane se Apake tomara-vaMza kA rAjya saMsAra meM acala rhegaa| vyAsa ke cale jAne para anaMgapAla ne jijJAsAvaza vaha kIla ukhar3avA ddaalii| usake ukhar3ate hI rudhira kI dhArA nikala par3I aura usa. kIla kA kucha aMza bhI rudhira se sanA thaa| yaha dekha vyAsa bar3A du:khI huA tathA usane anaMgapAla se kahA anaMgapAla chakka vai buddhi joisI ukkilliy| bhayau tuMara matihIna karI killI teM Dhilliya / / kahai vyAsa jagajyoti nigama-Agama hauM jAnau / tuMvara te cauhAna anata hai hai turkaanau|| hU~ gaDDi gayau killo sajjIva hallAya karI DhillI siiv| phiri vyAsa kahai suni anaMgarAi bhavitavya bAta meTI na jaai|| ukta kathana se nimna tathya sammukha Ate haiM 1. anaMgapAla prathama (kalhana) ne jisa sthAna para killI gAr3I thI, usakA nAma 'killI' athavA 'kalhanapura' pdd'aa| ___2. anaMgapAla dvitIya (tomara) ke vyAsa ne jisa sthAna para killI gAr3I thI, use anaMgapAla ne DhIlA kara nikalavA diyaa| ata: tabhI se usa sthAna kA nAma DhillI' par3a gyaa| 3. jisa sthAna para killI DhIlI hone ke kAraNa isa nagara kA nAma 'DhillI' par3A, usI sthAna para pRthivIrAja kA rAjamahala banA thaa|48 'pRthivIrAjarAso' meM isa DhillI zabda kA prayoga aneka-sthaloM para huA hai| prAcIna hastalikhita-granthoM meM bhI usakA yahI nAmollekha milatA hai| vibudha zrIdhara ne bhI usakA prayoga tatkAlIna pracalita-paramparA ke anusAra kiyA hai| ata: isameM sandeha nahIM ki dillI kA prAcIna nAma DhillI' thaa| zrIdhara ke ullekhAnusAra ukta DhillI nagara 'harayANA' pradeza meM thaa|50 4. bhAratIya itihAsa meM do anaMgapAloM ke ullekha milate haiN| eka pANDuvaMzI anaMgapAla (aparanAma kalhana) aura dUsarA, tomaravaMzI anNgpaal| ina donoM kI carcA Upara kI jA cukI hai| 'pAsaNAhacariu' meM dUsare anaMgapAla" kI carcA hai, jo apane dauhitra pRthivIrAja cauhAna ko rAjya sauMpakara 'badarikAzrama calA gayA thaa| usake vaMzaja mAlavA kI ora A gaye the, tathA unhoMne gopAcala ko apanI rAjadhAnI banAyA thA, aura jo gopAcala-zAkhA ke tomaravaMzI kenAma se prasiddha haiN| DhillI-nareza anaMgapAla tomara ke parAkrama ke viSaya meM kavi ne kahA hai ki usane hammIra-vIra ko bhI dala-bala vihIna arthAt parAjita kara diyA thaa| yaha hammIra-vIra 40 30 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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kauna thA aura kahA~ kA thA, kavi ne isakA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA, kintu aisA vidita hotA hai ki yaha kAMgar3A kA nareza hAhulirAva hammIra rahA hogA, jo 'hA~' kahakara aridala meM ghusa par3atA thA aura use matha DAlatA thA, isIlie use 'hAhulirAva' hammIra kahA jAtA thaa| yathA- hA~ kahate DhIlana kariya halakAriya ari mthth| tAtheM virada hamIra ko hAhulirAva sukaththa / / anaMgapAla ke badarikAzrama cale jAne ke bAda yaha hammIra pRthivIrAja cauhAna kA sAmanta bana gayA thA, kintu gorI ne use paMjAba kA AdhA rAjya dene kA pralobhana dekara apanI ora milA liyaa| isIkAraNa yaha cAlIsa sahasra paidala-senA aura pA~ca sahasra azvArohI-senA lekara gorI se jA milaa| hammIra ko samajhA-bujhAkara dillI lAne ke lie kavi candavaradAI pRthivIrAja kI AjJA se kAMgar3A gaye the| candavaradAI ne use bhalI-bhA~ti samajhAyA aura bahuta kucha U~ca-nIca sunAyA; kintu vaha duSTa paMjAba kA AdhA rAjya pAne ke lobha se gorI ke sAtha hI raha gyaa| itanA hI nahIM, jAte samaya vaha candavaradAI ko jAlandharI devI ke mandira meM banda kara gyaa| jisakA phala yaha huA ki vaha gorI evaM cauhAna kI antima-lar3AI ke samaya dillI meM upasthita na raha skaa| cauhAna to hAra hI gayA, kintu hammIra ko bhI prANoM se hAtha dhonA pdd'aa| gaurI ne use lAlacI evaM vizvAsaghAtI samajhakara paMjAba kA AdhA rAjya dene ke sthAnapara usakI gardana hI kATa ddaalii| . ukta upalabdhiyoM evaM anupalabdhiyoM athavA guNa-doSoM ke Aloka meM koI bhI niSpakSa Alocaka vibudha zrIdhara kA sahaja hI mUlyAMkana kara sakatA hai| kavi ne vividha-viSayaka 6 svatantra evaM vizAla grantha likhakara apabhraMza-sAhitya ko gauravAnvita kiyA hai| nissandeha hI ve bhASA evaM sAhitya kI dRSTi se mahAkaviyoM kI ucca zreNI meM apanA pramukha-sthAna rakhate haiN| sandarbha-grantha-sUcI 1. jIvarAja granthamAlA zolApura (1943, 53 I.) se do khaNDoM meM prakAzita, sampAdaka : pro. e. ena. upAdhye tathA DaoN. hIrAlAla jain| 2. bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI (1954 I.) se prakAzita / 3. rAvajI sakhArAma dozI, zolApura se (1931 I.) prkaashit| 4. mANikacandra di. jaina granthamAlA, bambaI (1937 I.) se prkaashit| 5. bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI (1954-55) se do bhAgoM meM prkaashit| 6. bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI (1975 I.) se prkaashit| 7. bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prkaashymaan| 8. mANikacandra di. jaina granthamAlA, bambaI (1937-47) se prkaashit| 9. bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI (1975 I.) se prakAzita (sampAdaka DaoN. rAjArAma jain)| 10. bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prakAzyamAna, (sampAdaka--DaoN. rAjArAma jain)| 11. raidhU granthAvalI ke antargata jIvarAja granthamAlA zolApura se zIghra hI prkaashymaan| 12. bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI se zIghra hI prkaashymaan| 13. digambara jaina pustakAlaya, sUrata se prakAzita / prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00 31

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14. jaina AtmAnanda sabhA, bhAvanagara (vi.saM. 1973) se prkaashit| 15. devacanda lAlabhAI pustakoddhAra phaNDa, bambaI (vi.saM. 1994) se prkaashit| 16. de., bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna (bhopAla, 1962 I.) lekhaka-DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina, pR. 1351 17. prAkRta TaiksTa sosAiTI, vArANasI (1961 I.) se prkaashit| . 18. de., bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, pR. 1581 19. gAyakavADa oriyaNTala sIrIja, bar3audA (1932) se prakAzita / 20. jainadharma prasAraka sabhA, bhAvanagara (1906-13 I.) se prkaashit| 21.de., bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, pR. 169 / 22-24. de., uttarapurANa' kA 74vAM prv| 25-27. vahI, 75vAM prv| 28. vahI, 76vAM prv| 29-31. vahI 76vAM prv| 32. vaDDhamANacariu, 1/9/101 33. Namo arihaMtAnaM Namo savasidhAnaM airena (saMskRta-ailena), mahArAjena mahAmeghavAhanena..... - di. nAgarI pracAriNI, 8/3/12) / 34. muhaNota naiNasI rI khyAta, bhAga 1, pR. 232 / 35. vaDDhamANa, 5/10-23 / 36. de. isI prastAvanA kA shstraastr-prkrnn| 37. vaDDhamANa, 4/13-14; 4/15/1-71 38-39. vahI, 4/15/8-12: 4/16-17 / 40. vaDDhamANa, 4/2-4, rAjA prajApati ne vidyAdharoM meM phUTa DAlane ke lie hI vidyAdhara rAjA jvalanajaTI kI putrI svayaMprabhA ko apanI putravadhU bnaayaa| 41. pA~cavIM sandhi drssttvy| 42. vaDDhamANacariu, 5/10, 16 / 43. vaDDhamANacariu, 5/11/13-141 44. gaurIzaMkara hIrAcanda ojhA dvArA sampAdita tathA kAzI nAgarI pracAriNI sabhA dvArA 1929 I. meM prkaashit| 45. pAsaNAhacariu, 1/2/16 / 46. pRthvIrAja rAso, (nA.pra.sa.), pra.bhA., bhUmikA, pR. 25-261 47. samrAT pRthvIrAja, kalakattA (1950), pR. 30-31 / 48. samrAT pRthivIrAja, pR. 40 / 49. pAsaNAhacariu (aprakAzita) 1/2/26; 8/1/31 50. vahI, 1/2/14 / 51. vahI. 1/4/11 52. pRthivIrAjarAso, 18/2; 96 tathA 19/26-27 / 53-54. Murry's Northern India. Vol. I, page 375. 55. pAsaNAha, 1/4/2 / 56. samrAT pRthivIrAja, pR. 85 / -(mahAkavi vibudha zrIdhara dvArA racita 'vaDDhamANacariu' kI prastAvanA se uddht| sampAdaka-anuvAdaka - DaoN. rAjArAma jaina, prakAzaka--bhAratIya jJAnapITha, 1975 I.) bhArata ko mAtRbhUmi mAnane vAlA hI hiMdU 'rASTrIya svayaMsevaka saMgha' ke sarasaMghacAlaka ke.esa. sudarzana ne kahA ki hindU' zabda ko kisI dharma se jor3akara nahIM dekhA jA sktaa| jo bhI bhArata ko apanI mAtRbhUmi mAnatA hai, vahI hindU hai| kala yahA~ Ayojita hindU saMgama meM sudarzana ne kahA ki yahA~ rahanevAle musalamAna va IsAI bhI hindU haiN| unhoMne kahA ki suprIma korTa ne bhI apane eka Adeza meM 'hindU' zabda kI vyAkhyA karate hue ise jIvanapaddhati batAyA hai| Ara.esa. esa. bhI isI avadhAraNA meM vizvAsa karatA hai| -(ke.esa. sudarzana, dainika jAgaraNa', 17, disambara, 2002, naI dillI, pRSTha 9) 0032 prAkRtavidyA- aktUbara-disambara '2002

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::::PPRPpppp. preraka vyaktitva ajAtazatru bhaiyyA mizrIlAla gaMgavAla -DaoN. kapUracaMda jaina evaM DaoN. jyoti jaina tatkAlIna madhya bhArata (aba madhyapradeza) ke mukhyamaMtrI rahe, 'mAlavA ke gA~dhI' nAma se vikhyAta, apane snehila vyavahAra se 'bhaiyyAjI' upanAma se prasiddha, naitika mUlyoM ke devadUta, mahAvIra TrasTa ke pitRpuruSa, jaina-jAti-bhUSaNa, svayaMsevaka-ratna, jainavIra, jainaratna jaisI upAdhiyoM ke dhAraka zrI mizrIlAla gaMgavAla, suputra zrI bAlacaMda gaMgavAla kA janma devAsa (ma.pra.) ke 'sonakaccha' gAMva meM 7 akTUbara, 1902 ko huaa| 5 varSa kI Ayu meM Apa mAtRvihIna ho gye| ___ 14 varSa kI alpavaya meM bhaiyyAjI ne 'vidyArthI sahAyaka samiti' ke sabhApati ke rUpa meM sArvajanika-sevA-kArya kI dIkSA lii| 1918 meM 'akhila bharatIya hindI sAhitya sammelana', indaura ke svayaMsevaka bne| 1931 meM khAdI pradarzanI ke pramukha kAryakartA ke rUpa meM tathA 1938 meM pUjya bApU ke sabhApatitva meM Ayojita 'akhila bhAratIya hindI sAhitya sammelana', indaura ke arthamaMtrI ke rUpa meM ApakI sevAe~ sarAhanIya rhiiN| gaMgavAla jI ne 1939 meM indaura rAjya prajAmaNDala dvArA navIna-Taiksa-virodhI (indaura nagara meM Ayojita 9 dinoM kI har3atAla ke avasara para) har3atAla-saMcAlana-samiti ke tRtIya DAyarekTara ke rUpa meM satyAgraha-jatthe kA netRtva kiyaa| 1941 meM vyaktigata satyAgraha Andolana ke saMdarbha meM khaNDavA, haradA, iTArasI, hozaMgAbAda, lalitapura va jhAMsI kI yAtrA kI tathA jhAMsI jela meM tIna mAha kA kArAvAsa bhogaa| 19 agasta 1942 ko uttaradAyitvapUrNa zAsana prApta karane ke lie indaura-rAjya-maNDala ke AhvAna para saMgaThita-satyAgraha-Andolana meM giraphtAra hue aura 15 mAha ke kaThora kArAvAsa kI sajA paaii| 23 maI, 1947 ko punaH satyAgraha karate hue giraphtAra kara liye gaye aura 1 mAha ke kArAvAsa kI sajA bhogii| 1945 meM rAmapurA meM sampanna hue indaura-rAjya-prajAmaNDala-adhivezana meM Apa adhyakSa nirvAcita hue the| 1956 meM akhila bhAratIya kAMgresa kameTI kI ora se asama prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0033

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rAjya ke nirvAcana-pratinidhi niyukta kiye gaye the| gaMgavAla sAhaba ne 1944 meM sarvaprathama sattA meM praveza kiyA, jaba Apa indora rAjya vidhAnasabhA meM janatA kI ora se nirvirodha-pratinidhi nirvAcita hue| navambara 1947 meM holkara-nareza dvArA uttaradAyitvapUrNa-zAsana pradAna kiye jAne para maMtrI banAye gye| 1948 meM madhya-bhArata ke nirmANa para prAnta ke prathama maMtrI-maNDala meM 'khAdyamaMtrI' ke rUpa meM sammilita hue| 1951-52 meM bhArata ke prathama Ama-cunAva meM dhArA-sabhA-hetu 'bAgalI' kSetra se nirvAcita hokara madhyabhArata ke mukhyamaMtrI' kA pada sNbhaalaa| apraila 55 taka ve mukhyamaMtrI rhe| isake bAda zrI takhtamala jaina ke mukhyamaMtrI cune jAne para Apa kAMgresa vidhAnadala ke upanetA tathA vittamaMtrI banAye gye| 1956 meM navIna madhyapradeza banane para paM. ravizaMkara zukla ke maMtrimaNDala meM vittamaMtrI, 1956 meM kailAzanAtha kATajU ke maMtrI maNDala meM bhI vittamaMtrI aura 1962 meM zrI bhagavaMta rAva maNDaloI ke maMtrimaNDala meM bhI vittamaMtrI rhe| paM. dvArakAprasAda mizra ke mukhyamaMtrI banane para bhI usameM Apa vittamaMtrI banAye gye| isakA mUlakAraNa yaha thA ki jaise Apa apane jIvana meM mitavyayI the, vaise hI zAsana meM bhI the| gaMgavAla sA. ke mitavyayI svabhAva ke sandarbha meM unake putra zrI nirmala gaMgavAla ne likhA hai-- "hama jisa bhI sarakArI baMgale meM rahate, kyA majAla hai ki kahIM bhI bijalI ke balba phAlatU jleN| isalie bijalI aura TelIphona kA bila pUre maMtrI-pariSad kI apekSA sabase kama AtA thaa| kaI bAra pitAjI svayaM uThakara phAlatU jalatI lAITa baMda krte| pikcara Adi jAne ke lie bhopAlI tAMge meM jAte the, gAr3I meM nhiiN| isI kAraNa AvaMTita peTrola bhI hara mahIne vApasa hotA thaa| kabhI-kabhI svayaM patra likhate, to AnevAle liphAphe ko kholakara, pIche kI tarapha meM patra likhte|..... eka holaDAla aura eka sUTakesa hI hamane unake pAsa jIvanabhara dekhaa|... kabhI hamane unheM sAbuna kA istemAla karate nahIM dekhA, snAna bhI tIna yA cAra loTe pAnI meM kara lete| pAnI ke upayoga para bar3I pAbandI thii|... isa sabake bAvajUda unakI kAyA kaMcana thii|' ____ holkara nareza dvArA rAjya meM uttaradAyitvapUrNa zAsana ghoSita karane ke samaya se lagAtAra madhyabhArata ke nirmANa tathA vilaya aura navIna madhyapradeza ko sAkArarUpa pradAna karane kI sukhada-belA meM 'yatra-tatra sarvatra prazAsaka' gaMgavAla jI kI suSTapuSTa-chApa vizeSarUpa se dRSTigocara hotI hai| gaMgavAla jI ke karIbI prasiddha patrakAra zrI mAyArAma surajana ne gaMgavAla jI kI ni:spRhatA ke sandarbha meM jo saMsmaraNa (dazabandhu, 15/10/87) likhA hai, vaha sacamuca anukaraNIya hai| saMsmaraNa kA sArAMza yaha hai ki 1952 meM jaba bAbU takhtamala jaina cunAva hAra gaye. zrI jaina madhyabhArata ke mukhyamaMtrI the aura kuzala mukhyamaMtriyoM meM unakI gaNanA hotI thI, taba neharU jI ke karIbI hone ke kAraNa unheM mukhyamaMtrI 1034 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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banAne kI kozizeM huii| parantu kAMgresa hAIkamAna taiyAra nahIM huA, phalata: gaMgavAla jI hI mukhyamaMtrI bne| puna: takhtamala jI jaba tIsarI bAra cunAva jItakara Aye, to gaMgavAla jI ne binA, 'nanu na ca kiye apanA tyAgapatra de diyA aura kahA ki ve bharata kI taraha virakta hokara rAjakAja calA rahe the, aba rAma kI ayodhyA vApasI para takhtamala jI ke lie siMhAsana khAlI karane kA sukha anubhava kara rahe haiN| .. 1967 meM unhoMne 'bAgalI' se vidhAnasabhA kA cunAva lar3A, jisameM ve parAjita ho gye| isa parAjaya ke bAda bhaiyAjI ne saMsadIya rAjanIti chor3a dii| unhoMne phira vidhAnasabhA kA koI cunAva nahIM lar3A, kintu rAjanIti meM jIvanaparyaMta bane rahe aura kAMgresa ke aneka yuvA netAoM kA mArgadarzana kiyaa| 1968-71 meM ve 'madhyapradeza kAMgresa kameTI' ke adhyakSa rhe| Arthika masaloM para unakI sUjhabUjha aura vitta evaM yojanA-vikAsa-maMtrI ke rUpa meM unake dIrghakAlIna-anubhavoM ko maddenajara rakhakara zrI prakAzacaMda seThI ne 1975 meM gaMgavAla jI ko 'rAjya-yojanA Ayoga' kA sadasya manonIta kiyA thaa| vyAyAma aura saMgIta bhaiyAjI ko vizeSa-priya the| itane U~ce pada para AsIna hone ke bAda bhI ve sabhAoM meM bhajana gAne meM saMkoca nahIM karate the| unake priya-bhajanoM meM uTha jAga musAphira bhora bhaI, aba raina kahA~ tU sovata hai', 'tuma prabhu dInadayAla maiM dukhiyA saMsArI', 'aba mere samakita sAvana Ayo re' Adi the| san 1971 meM indaura meM AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ke cAturmAsa-avasara para pratidina zAstrasabhA meM sundara-sundara bhajana sunAyA karate the| phuTabaoNla, haoNkI, krikeTa, Tenisa meM bhI unakI vizeSa-dilacaspI thii| rAjanIti ke sAtha sAmAjika va dhArmika-jagat ke Apa kendra-bindu rhe| pratyeka vyakti ke sAtha aMtaraMga AtmIyatA, nizchala sneha Apake guNa the| sevAparAyaNatA aura vinamratA to jaise Apake rakta meM milI thii| jo bhI Apake samparka meM eka bAra AyA, vaha ApakA hokara hI raha gyaa| zaikSaNika aura sAhityika gatividhiyoM se gaMgavAla sAhaba sadaiva jur3e rhe| garIba vidyArthiyoM ko vidyA-adhyayana-hetu sahAyatA karanA unheM atyaMta priya thaa| indaura ke kitane hI vidyAlayoM/pustakAlayoM ve saMsthApaka/adhyakSa/maMtrI Adi the| . nAmAnurUpa hI mizrI kI miThAsa jihvA tathA jIvana meM unheM priya thii| svAdiSTa bhojana aura miSThAnna unake priya the| - gaMgavAla sAhaba jIvanaparyaMta kaTTara-zAkAhArI rhe| unakI dRr3hatA kA eka udAharaNa draSTavya hai| ve jaba madhyabhArata ke mukhyamaMtrI the, taba bhArata ke prathama pradhAnamaMtrI paM. javAharalAla neharU kA bhaiyA ke pAsa eka patra AyA thA, jisameM bhArata Aye yugoslAviyA prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00 35

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ke rASTrapati mArzala TITo kA madhyabhArata ke kucha sthala dekhane kA kAryakrama thaa| viziSTa vyaktiyoM ke daure ke kAryakrama ke sAtha unake dinabhara kI samayasAraNI bhI saMlagna thii| isameM unake bhojana meM mAMsAhAra bhI sammilita thaa| gaMgavAla jI ne niDara hokara paMDita jI ko vinamra nivedana karate hue patra likhA ki maiM rAjakIya atithi ko zuddhajala va zAkAhArI bhojana hI upalabdha karA skuuNgaa| mAMsAhAra upalabdha karAne meM usa yuga meM pradhAnamaMtrI ko nAkhuza karane kI kalpanA bhI nahIM kI jA sktii| jinameM dharma ke prati AsthA hotI hai, ve rAjanIti ke lie anupayukta hote haiM aura rAjanIti meM jinakI gati/sthiti/ruci hotI hai unakI dharma meM abhiruci nahIM hotI --aisA sAmAnya siddhAMta hai, para gaMgavAla sAhaba isake apavAda the| pratidina darzana kA niyama unakA AjIvana calatA rhaa| rAjanIti kI kAlI koTharI meM se bhaiyAjI ujale hI ujale nikale, yaha sacamuca Azcarya kI bAta hai| tabhI to unake nidhana para zraddhAMjali vyakta karate hue zrI suMdaralAla paTavA ne kahA thA-- '1957 aura usake bAda hama aura ve rAjya-vidhAnasabhA meM kAphI samaya taka Amane-sAmane baitthe| hama A~khoM meM aMjana DAlakara unakI kamiyA~ khojate rahe, lekina unake khilApha kucha bhI hAtha nahIM lgaa| rAjanIti meM aise bahuta hI kama loga milate haiM, jo kAjala kI koTharI meM rahakara bhI apane Upara kAlikha kI eka lakIra lagAe binA sApha-suthare bAhara nikala Ate haiN|' bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2500veM nirvANa mahotsava, (1974) dharmacakra-pravartana. indaura ke samavasaraNa-maMdira kA paMcakalyANaka (1981), bhagavAn bAhubalI pratiSThApanA sahasrAbdi evaM mahAmastakAbhiSeka ke avasara para janamaMgala-mahAkalaza (1980-81) mahAvIra TrasTa' kA saMgaThana Adi AyojanoM meM unakI karmaThatA evaM dhArmikatA abhivyakta huI thii| unake ni:spRhI jIvana kA anumAna unake dvArA apanI mRtyu (4/9/81) se 2 dina pUrva (2/9/81) likhita unakI vasIyata, jo patra rUpa meM hai, se lagAyA jA sakatA hai| ve likhate haiM--'mere jIvana kA saMdhyAkAla hai, ata: jIvana kA anta kisI kSaNa, kisI rUpa meM bhI ho sakatA hai| merI jIvana dRSTi bAlyakAla se hI sevA kI rhii| dhandhe Adi meM ruci svalpatama rhii| kevala gRhastha kA uttaradAyitva nibhAne ke lie AjIvikA upArjana karatA rahA, jIvana sArvajanika sevA aura rAjanIti meM hI biitaa| AjIvikA upArjana bhI savRtti aura sadbuddhi se kiyaa| lobha-lAlaca kI bhAvanA mana meM nahIM jagI, dhanasaMgraha kI lAlasA nahIM rhii| vicAra aura AcAra kI pavitratA kA pUrA dhyAna rkhaa| kabhI lokamArga aura dharmamArga ko chor3A nhiiN| sAdagI se jiyA tathA svabhAva meM mitavyatA mUlata: rhii| merA vizvAsa svAvalaMbana aura svAzraya meM rahA, ata: bacata karake vRddhAvasthA ke lie kucha saMgraha rakhA, jo huNDiyoM meM byAja para niyojita hai| mere nAma para koI makAna aura jamIna nahIM hai, anya bhI kucha nahIM hai| abhI-abhI 0036 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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svataMtratA saMgrAma senAnI ke rUpa meM kevala nAmabhara ko eka makAna ema.AI.jI. grupa mere nAma para liyA gayA hai| svAmitva ke nAte merA usase koI saMbaMdha nahIM hai| . kuTumba ke lie merA jIvana meM jo yogadAna rahA, usako lekara mujhe kucha kahanA nahIM hai| saba kuTumbIjana jAnate haiN| ___ rupaye 25,000/- kA byAja du:khI-dardiyoM ke tathA pAramArthika kAryoM ke lie haiN| isameM jAtibheda nahIM rhegaa| yaha rAzi ghara ke hI loga kameTI banAkara kharca kreN| mujhe kisI kA eka rupayA bhI denA nahIM hai| ____maiMne jIvana meM anIti yA apavitra prakAra se eka rupayA bhI ghara meM nahIM Ane diyaa| sadA dharma aura janma-kula tathA kAMgresa-kula kI pratiSThA aura zobhA kA dhyAna rkhaa| yaha mere lambe jIvana kI kahAnI hai| merI mRtyu ke bAda mere nAma para koI sAmAjika kriyA-kANDa na kiyA jaaye| rASTrahita tathA samAjahita, sabase sneha aura mamatA mere jIvana ke saMgIta rahe haiM, isako gAtA huA samatAbhAva se isa loka se vidA hoU~yaha merI bhAvanA hai| merA upAdAna aura jJAna isameM sahAyaka ho, yahI cAha hai|' 4 sitambara, 1981 ko indaura meM ApakA nidhana ho gyaa| tatkAla sabhI sarakArI kAryAlaya va bAjAra banda ho gye| bhopAla samAcAra pahu~cate hI sabhI sarakArI kAryAlaya banda kara 'diye gye| 5 sitambara ko bhI indaura ke sabhI sarakArI kAryAlaya va bAjAra baMda rhe| usI dina ApakI antyeSTi trilokacaMda hAIskUla' meM huii| antyeSTi meM bhAga lene upamukhyaMtrI zrI zivabhAna siMha solaMkI Adi zatAdhika maMtrI/vidhAyaka/netA/adhikArI upasthita the| lagabhaga bIsa hajAra logoM ne apane priya bhaiyA' ko usa dina aMtima vidAI dii| unheM zraddhAMjali arpita karate hue zrI bAlakavi vairAgI ne kahA- ve jo kucha the AcaraNa meM the| kathanI aura karanI meM koI vibheda isa vyakti ke jIvana meM kabhI nahIM AyA... unakA koI duzmana nahIM thA, virodha nahIM aura Alocaka hajAra the|' zrI kanhaiyAlAla khAdIvAle ne kahA thA- 'sakriya rAjanIti meM rahate hue bhI unakI prakRti sAdhu ke samAna thii|... paM. neharU aura zrImatI indirA gAMdhI jaba bhI unase milate, bhajana sunAye binA nahIM jAne dete| ve eka mitavyayI maMtrI the|' -(jainamitra sAptAhika', dinAMka 3.10.2002, pR. 314-315) mahAvIra kI janmasthalI tIrthaMkaroM ke janma se lekara nirvANa taka kI ghaTanAoM kA saMbaMdha uttara bhArata ke aneka aitihAsika sthaloM ke sAtha mAnA jAtA hai| mahAvIra kI janmasthalI 'vaizAlI bihAra ke mujaphpharapura' jile meM sthita hai| -- (sAbhAra udadhRta, madhyapradeza kI jaina virAsata', pustikA. pRSTha 5).. prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00 37

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ratnatraya aSTaka -DaoN. mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA milate jaba cAritramaya, jJAna aura zraddhAna / ratnatraya kA taba bane, rUpa-svarUpa mahAn / / 1 / / darzana se dRSTI mile, upaje zubha shrddhaan| darzana se duniyA dikhe, janma-maraNa saMsthAna / / 2 / / khulI A~kha se dekhie, dikhatA hai vijJAna / A~kha baMda kara pekhiye, upaje samyak-jJAna / / 3 / / jJAna aura zraddhAna se, jaga-jIvana nissaar| jJAna-dhyAna se kIjie, jIvana kA uddhAra / / 4 / / samyak darzana-jJAna se, jAge Atama-rAma / lakheM Atmika-A~kha se, dikheM sabhI abhirAma / / 5 / / caya aura saMcaya jaba chuTe, nikhare taba cAritra / vItarAgatA meM lakhe, apanA citra sacitra / / 6 / / saMgraha se hai bojha saba, aparigraha se oja / oja ujAgara se jage, Apa Apa meM roj|| 7 / / ratnatraya se mukhara ho, mukti-mArga mahAn / ratnatraya ke byAja se, hoya tvarata kalyAna / / 8 / / 3038 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmasthalI nAlaMdA kuNDalapura-Agamasammata nahIM -DaoN. rAjendra kumAra baMsala 'digambara jaina triloka zodha saMsthAna', jambUdvIpa hastinApura dvArA prakAzita vIra 'jJAnodaya granthamAlA' kA puSpa naM. 189 caubIsa kalpadrumavidhAna', disambara 1999 mere samakSa hai, jisake pRSTha naM. 149 meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janmasthala 'bharatakSetra ke 'videha' nAmaka deza-sambandhI kuNDapura' batAyA gayA hai| lekhikA bra. sArikA jaina (saMghastha) haiN| sampUrNa smArikA varSa 1997 saMsthAna kI vibhUtiyoM kI prazasti se mahimAmaMDita hai| spaSTa hai ki varSa 1999 taka hastinApura kA ukta saMsthAna videha-kuNDapura ko mahAvIra kI janmasthalI svIkAratA thaa| saMsthAna ke anya prakAzana bhI dekhe jA sakate haiN| . bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2500veM nirvANa-mahotsava-kAla meM dillI meM virAjita jainAcAryaziromaNI AcAryazrI dezabhUSaNa jI munirAja dvArA san 1974 meM 'bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA tattvadarzana' nAmaka vRhatakAya-graMtha prakAzita kiyaa/krvaayaa| isakI prastAvanA zrI paM. sumeru canda divAkara, sivanI dvArA likhI gyii| isa graMtha kI sampUrNa viSaya-vastu kuNDapura-vaizAlI ko samarpita hai| isameM bAbU DaoN. kAmatA prasAda jI ke varSa 1929 evaM 1932 meM prakAzita kramaza: 'bhagavAn mahAvIra aura mahAtmA buddha' tathA 'digambaratva aura digambara muni', navalazAhakRta 'varddhamAna caritra', 'gautama caritra' jaisI zodha-khoja bharI racanAe~ avikala prakAzita haiN| ina sabhI meM Thosa-pramANoM sahita bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmasthalI vAsokuNDa-basAr3a (kuNDapura-vaizAlI) siddha kiyA hai| prastAvanA-lekhaka zrI divAkara jI evaM AcAryazrI ekamatena isase sahamata the, anyathA unakA prakAzana sambhava bhI nahIM thaa| janmasthalI kI khoja meM kina-kina jaina-vidvAn-manISiyoM kA yogadAna thA, isakA vivaraNa dizAbodha' akTUbara 02 aMka, jaina sandeza' 02 akTUbara evaM samanvayavANI' akTUbara 02 (prathama) meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| __jinezvarI dIkSA dhAraNakara kucha nayA kIrtimAna karane kI maMgalakAmanA se AryikA candanAmatI jI hastinApura kA Alekha 'bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi-kuNDalapura' 'arhat-vacana', apraila-jUna 2001 meM prakAzita huaa| Alekha meM prajJAzramaNI jI ne navIna prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00 39

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zodha ko kuThArAghAtI batAte hue digambara-jaina-graMthoM evaM anya-carcAoM kA AdhAra banAkara bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmasthalI kuNDalapura-nAlaMdA' siddha kiyaa| unake tarkoM kI samIkSA Age kI gayI hai| isa Alekha ke prakAzana ke bAda jaina-patrakAritA-jagat, jaina-vidvAn, saMsthAe~ evaM sAdhuvarga, sabhI meM bhUcAla-sA A gayA aura apane-apane pakSa ke khaNDana-maNDana-hetu apanI anekAntamayI-prajJA kA asaMgata-tarka, sammAna, bhrama nirmANa Adi meM aneka prakAra huA/ho rahA hai| lagatA hai jaina-jagat samasyAvihIna ho gayA hai aura ekamAtra samasyA bhUgola ke garta meM samAye, vidveSiyoM dvArA jamIMdoja kiye 'kuNDapura' ko khoja nikAlanA hI zeSa raha gayI hai, aura vaha bhI mAtra apanI puurvnirdhaarit-dhaarnnaanusaar| pUrva meM sarvamAnya (aura sva-mAnya) kuNDapura-vaizAlI ke viruddha tarka isaprakAra hai| 1. yaha videziyoM kI upaja hai, jinheM jainaAgama evaM paramparA. kA jJAna nahIM hotaa| ve apramANika bhI haiN| zodha-khoja kA AdhAra digambara-jaina-sAhitya se bhinna zvetAmbara, bauddha evaM anya sAhitya hai| unako svIkArane se hameM unakI anya aneka mAnyatAe~ svIkAranA hoMgI, jo aneka samasyAoM ko janma degii| ata: nirNaya jaina-Agama ke hI AdhAra para kiyA jAnA caahiye| vaizAlI (nAnA-nAnI) ke nikaTa kuNDapura mAnane siddhArtha ghara-jamAI jaise tuccha ho jaayeNge| tIrthaMkara kA janma 'grAma' saMjJA mUlaka jaise sthAna meM (kuNDagrAma) kaise ho sakatA hai? eka lAkha yojana kA airAvata hAthI kahA~ bhramaNa karegA aura yaha paramparAgata zraddhA kA viSaya haiM, aadi| 'kuNDalapura-nAlaMdA' ko mahAvIra kI janmasthalI ke pakSa kI samIkSA karane ke pUrva yahA~ yaha spaSTa kara denA Avazyaka hai ki digambara jaina-Agama-graMthoM meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmasthalI videha-kuNDapura' svIkAra kiyA hai| kinhIM graMthoM meM kuNDapura' mAtra likhA hai| eka meM kuNDagrAma' evaM eka meM 'kuNDale' likhA hai| kisI graMtha meM kuNDalapura, kuNDalapura-nAlaMdA yA vaizAlI ko janmasthalI nahIM batAyA gyaa| yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki kuNDapura, tatkAlIna rAjanIti ke anusAra vaizAlI-gaNarAjya ke aMtargata thA, jabaki nAlaMdA rAjagRhI ke atinikaTa hokara magadha rAja kA aMga thaa| bhaugolikarUpa meM kuNDalapura kabhI kahIM astitva meM nahIM rhaa| samarthaka-pakSa kA kartavya hai ki vaha apane kathana kI puSTi meM ukta binduoM ko sapramANa siddha kreN| aisA hone para vaha apane pakSa ko puSTa kara skegaa| anyathA AdhArahIna apuSTa-doSAropaNa se kyA siddha hogA, mAtra sAmAjika-vidveSa ke paidA karane aura apanI manovRtti-pradarzana ke| ukta pariprekSya meM AryikA candanAmatI jI, paM. zivacaraNa lAla jI, pro. narendra prakAza jI evaM DaoN. abhaya prakAza jI dvArA uThAye gaye binduoM para saMkSipta-vicAraNA isaprakAra hai:___AryikA caMdanAmatIjI :- prajJAzramaNI jI dvArA jo Agama-pramANa diye haiM, unameM dhavalA ko chor3akara sabhI meM videha-kuNDapura' kA ullekha hai| 'tiloyapaNNatti' meM kuMDale 00 40 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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meM vIro' hai| dhavalA meM 'kuNDalapura' mUla meM likhA batAyA hai| jabaki dhavalA, pustaka 7, pRSTha 121, (solApura se 1990 meM prakAzita ) evaM gAthA 28 pRSTha 122 meM 'kuMDapura' mUla likhA hai| 'kuNDalapura' unheM kahA~ se prApta huA, isakI siddhi ve kareM / kuMDapura ko kuNDalapura (nAlaMdA) saMdarbhita kara ve svayaM bhramita huIM aura anyoM ko bhI bhramita karane kA nimitta bnii| paM. zivacaraNa jI ke Alekha meM bhI yahI (kuNDalapura ) zabda kA upayoga huA / spaSTa hai ki yaha soddezya utpanna kiyA gayA bhrama hai 1 dUsare, prajJAzramaNI jI ne gaNanIpramukhA zrI jJAnamatI jI ke mAdhyama se yaha dhAraNA banAne kA prayAsa kiyA ki san 1974 meM AcAryazrI dharmasAgara jI, dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja evaM paM. sumeracandra divAkara Adi ke madhya carcA meM sabhI ne 'kuNDalapura' ko svIkAra kiyA, vaizAlI kisI ko iSTa nahIM thI / yaha carcA kaba, kahA~, kaise huI, isakA koI ullekha nahIM hai, phira Upara pada do meM spaSTa kI gayI sthiti meM yaha carcA saMdigdha ho jAtI hai / jahA~ unhoMne eka hajAra pRSTha kI racanA / graMtha meM 'kuNDapura' ko janmasthalI svIkAra kI ho, vahA~ use nijI - carcA meM asvIkAranA hAsyAspada jaisA hai| hA~ vaizAlI, mAtra vaizAlI ko kabhI bhI kisI ne janmabhUmi nahIM maanaa| mAnane kA prazna bhI nahIM utthtaa| ataH yaha tarka bhI sthiti meM sahayoga nahIM karatA / tIsare, prajJAzramaNI jI ne binA AdhAra diye 'videha - deza' ko pUrA 'bihAra - prAMta' mAnane kI ghoSaNA kI, jo nitAMta bhrama / ajJAnapUrNa hai / yaha unhoMne isaliye kiyA ki ve 'kuNDalapura-nAlaMdA' ko hI 'videha' meM honA siddha karanA cAhatIM haiM / yaha saba kArya ve apanA nijI-kalpanA meM mAna sakatIM hai; kintu yathArtha se usakA koI sambandha nahIM hai / apanI isa kalpanA ko sapramANa siddha karanA apekSita hai| cauthe, nAnA-nAnI kA sundara, bhAvettejaka kalpanA kara ve pAThakoM kA dhyAna isa yathArtha se vilaga karanA cAhatIM haiM ki vaizAlI usa samaya eka gaNataMtra thA, jisakA kuNDapura eka bhAgIdAra thaa| do bhAgIdAroM ke rAjya nikaTa hone meM kyA bAdhA hai| kalpita-bhrama khar3A kara unheM vidveSI ke nikaTa kuNDapura honA iSTa lagA / yadi aisA thA, to unheM tIrthaMkara ke mahAn pitA ke mahAn rAjya kI sImA bhI siddha karanA cAhiye, jo magadha se bhinna kucha bhI alaga siddha nahIM hotii| airAvata hAthI to eziyA mahAdvIpa meM bhI nahIM A sakatA / aMta meM, prajJAzramaNI jI ne gaNanI jJAnamatI jI ke janmasthala aura karmabhUmi kI bhinnatA nirUpita kara vaizAlI meM prApta purAtAttvika pramANoM ko mUlyahIna siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyaa| isa sambandha meM itanA hI nivedana hai ki janmabhUmi aura karmabhUmi kI bhinnatA yA pRthaktA gaNanI jI kI jaina saMskRti ko naI dena hai / jaina - - paramparA meM dIkSAdhArI kI koI sthAyI karmabhUmi nahIM hotI / unakA anukaraNa kara jinezvarIdIkSAdhArI mahAnubhAvoM ne bhI apanI-apanI karmabhUmi gar3hane kA upakrama kriyA, jo jina prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara 2002 10 41

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dIkSA ke viparIta vinAza kI ora le jAnevAlI hai| vidvAn-vivekIjana vicAra kreN| ____ samagrarUpa se Alekha binA sahajamAnya pramANa evaM itihAsa-bhUgola se apuSTa mAnasika vyAyAyAma hai, jo apanI pUrva-svIkRta dhAraNA ke pratikUla hai| prAcArya narendraprakAza jI jaina :- jJAnavRddha-vayovRddha prAcArya jI kI vicAraNA ke pratikUla kucha bhI likhanA du:sAhasa hI hogaa| ve aura unakI bhASA mohaka hai, phira bhI abhiprAyajanya virodhAbhAsa ve cAhakara bhI dUra nahIM kara ske| kara bhI nahIM sakate, paristhitiyA~ kucha aisI hI haiN| __jaba koI vastu kho jAtI hai, tabhI usakI khoja hotI hai| khoja kauna kare, yaha to khojakartA kI ruci para nirbhara karatA hai| sahI khoja vahI kara sakatA hai, jo niSpakSa, AgrahahIna, ahaMkArahIna aura mAnasikarUpa se ImAnadAra ho| vaizAlI, kuNDapura Adi AtatAyiyoM/apanoM ke dvArA anekoM bAra dhvasta hokara jamIMdoja ho gye| ve itihAsa yA Agama ke viSaya haiM. bhUgola ke nhiiN| isIkAraNa yathAsthAna unakI khoja huii| aneka sthAna para naye nagara/naI bastiyA~ bana gyiiN| aisI sthiti meM isa tarka kA koI mUlya nahIM hotA ki kisa nAma se kyA nAma banatA hai yA bnaa| yahA~ prakaraNa nAma miTAkara naye nAma likhane kA hai| hamArI khoja yaha hai ki kauna-sA nayA-nAma purAne-sthala kA pratinidhitva kara rahA hai| isI dRSTi se vAsokuNDa, kuNDapura mAnA gayA aura bsaadd'-vaishaalii| khoja meM kyA bhUla huI, yaha sapramANa siddha karanA caahiye| binA bhUla batAye khoja ko galata siddha kaise kreN| kuNDapura kI khoja 'digambara jaina pariSad' aura DaoN. kAmatA prasAda jI, paM. jugala kizora jI mukhtAra, DaoN. jyotiprasAda jI jaise samarpita itihAsa-tattva-manISiyoM ne kI hai. aura vaha bhI jainAgama ke anusaar| unake mahAn vyaktitva ko unake zabdoM se nakArA nahIM jA sktaa| yaha khoja bhI san 1929 se zurU huI, ata: use AjAdI ke pUrva kI nahIM mAnanA apanI garbhita pratibaddhatA vyakta karanA hai| ___ mAnanIya prAcArya jI eka hI zvAsa meM do virodhI bAteM eka sAtha kaha rahe haiM (saMdarbhanirmala dhyAna jyoti, aMka 202, pRSTha 9) / eka ora ve digambara-jainetara-sAhitya ko pramANa nahIM banAnA cAhate aura usase utpanna anekoM visaMgatiyoM se sAvadhAna karate haiM; to dUsarI ora usI krama meM ve 'bhagavatIsUtra' ke AdhAra ko pramANa mAnakara kahate haiM ki "vaizAlI aura nAlandA donoM hI sthAnoM ke samIpa kollAga-sanniveza aura do-do kuNDagrAma the| isa ullekha ke AdhAra para kuNDalapura-nAlandA ko janmabhUmi mAnane meM koI ar3acana zeSa nahIM rhtii|" spaSTa hai ki jo nahIM hai, use hama 'bhagavatIsUtra' se siddha kara bhagavAn mahAvIra ko mAMsAhArI bhI svIkArate haiN| phira isameM bhI virodhabhAsa hai| prajJAzramaNI jI ko 'grAma' zabda iSTa nahIM hai. phira yahA~ kuNDalapura zabda na hokara kuNDagrAma lika hai| kyA donoM samAnArthI haiM? phira 'videha' kA kyA huaa| nAlaMdA hI 00 42 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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videha ho gyaa| hameM jJAta hI nahIM ki hama apane AdhAra ko svayaM hI dhvasta kara dUsaroM ko sIkha de rahe haiM / aMta meM yaha huNDAvasarpiNIkAla hai ki vaizAlI kuNDapura kA aMta ajAtazatru ne mahAvIra ke jIvanakAla meM hI kara diyA thA, ata: usa puNya - kSetra ke nAma kI duhAI dekara janatA ko bhramita nahIM karanA cAhiye / saccAI. sacce mana se svIkAranA cAhiye / DaoN. abhaya prakAza jI :- Apane apane mAmA zrI DaoN. kAmatA prasAda jI ke kartRtva ko mahimAmaMDita kara ucita hI kiyA thaa| durbhAgya, usI lekhanI se unake kartRtva ko usI taraha jamIMdoja kara diyA, jaisA ajAtazatru ne apane nAnA- mausA kA rAjya kiyA thA / ghara meM Aga ghara ke diye se hI lagatI hai-- abhiprAya kI bhinnatA se / ve svIkArate haiM ki kuNDalapura kA koI maulika- astitva nahIM hai / unheM smaraNa honA cAhiye vAsokuNDa meM do bIghA jamIna 'ahalla' (binA jutI zadiyoM se ) pUjya mAnakara chor3I hai-- pUjya hai, niHzulka samAja ko samarpita hai| 'nAlaMdA' ke nikaTa 'bar3AgAMva' kA maMdira mArga meM hone se sabhI jana sahajadharma zraddhAbhAva se jAte haiM / kailAza parvata para kauna jAtA hai, kitane jAte haiM; to kyA AdinAtha kI janmasthalI mAnanA bhUla jAveM ? Aropita - AsthA bhI jJAna prakAza meM badala jAtI hai / Apane AcAryapravara zrI vidyAsAgara jI ke saMgha se lekara anya sabhI saMgha isI pakSa meM haiN| isa sambandha meM unheM apanI asatya - kalpanA ke pramANa prastuta karanA cAhiye / cAlUbAta likhakara bhrama paidA nahIM karanA cAhiye / hamArI jAnakArI meM AcAryazrI ne apanA mauna - bhaMga nahIM kiyA hai, prakaraNa ciMtana kI prakriyA meM hai; yadyapi unake gurU aura ziSyadvaya evaM anya munirAja 'kuNDapura - videha' (vaizAlI) ko janmabhUmi svIkArate haiN| samagratA meM yaha mahattvapUrNa nahIM hai ki 'kuNDapura - videha' kauna-sA sthala svIkAra kiyA jAye aura kauna nahIM? jisakI jahA~ zraddhA hai. usakI apanI nijI zraddhA hai / yaha bhI mahattvapUrNa nahIM hai ki kauna avikasita kSetra / tIrtha kA vikAsa kara rahA hai / jinezvarIdIkSA kI bhAvanA ke pratikUla kArya iSTa nahIM hai| mUla bAta sirpha itanI hai ki hama apanI bauddhikatA, iSTa-bhAvanAoM evaM pada kI maryAdA ke prati ImAnadAra rheN| yadi hamane digambara-jaina-Agama ko AdhAra banAyA hai, to usI se siddha kareM; bhale hI siddha ho yA na ho aura prabala pakSa svIkAra kreN| yadi paristhitijanya 'sAkSya ko sammilita karanA hai, to phira ekAMgI-upadeza kyoM de aura kyoM apane pakSa ke samarthana hetu Agama meM parivartana kareM? aura apanI AdhArahIna - kalpanAoM ko pramANa mAneM tathA apara-pakSa ke Thosa tarka ko dRSTi ojhala kareM? tIrtha-vikAsa kareM, parantu akAraNa vidvAn / patrakAra / jinezvarI dIkSAdhArakoM meM matabheda, IrSyA yA ahaMkAra / vidveSa kI bhAvanA na panapane deM, yahI bhAvanA hai| prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara 2002 DO 43

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kAtantra aura kaccAyana kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana -pro. jAnakIprasAda dvivedI evaM DaoN. surendra kumAra mAhezvara-paramparA kA pratinidhitva karanevAle vyAkaraNoM meM zabdalAghava, kRtrimatA, sAMketika-zabdaprayoga tathA paryApta-grantharAzi Adi kI dRSTi se yadi pANinIya vyAkaraNa kI parama-upayogitA mAnI jAtI hai, to vipula vyAkhyAgrantha, arthalAghava, ilokavyavahAra kA adhika samAdara-saralatA tathA zabdasAdhana kI saMkSipta-prakriyA Adi vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa 'kAtantravyAkaraNa' ne bhAratIya vividha-pradezoM tathA videzoM meM paryApta-pratiSThA prApta karake mAhendra-paramparA ko gaurava pradAna kiyA hai| isameM jaina-bauddha tathA anya AcAryoM kA bhI avismaraNIya yogadAna rahA hai| pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja kI satpreraNA se vartamAna jainasamAja ne to ise apane gauravagrantha ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara liyA hai| kAtantra ke AdhAra para ThAkura saMgrAmasiMha ne bAlazikSA vyAkaraNa tathA ThAkura zaurIndramohana ne gAndharvakalApavyAkaraNa kI racanA kI thii| siddhAnta-prakriyA tathA zabdAvalI ke prayoga kI dRSTi se kAtantra kA pAlivyAkaraNa 'kaccAyana' para sarvAdhika prabhAva dekhA jAtA hai| 'kaccAyana' ke 675 sUtroM meM se lagabhaga 325 sUtra kAtantra se samAnatA rakhate haiN| ___ isa para eka gaveSaNAparaka prAmANika tulanAtmaka adhyayana-kArya kI AvazyakatA kA anubhava dIrghakAla se kiyA jA rahA thaa| tadanusAra lagabhaga 10 varSa pUrva hama donoM vyaktiyoM ne isa kArya ko karane kA vicAra kiyA thA, parantu isakA zubhArambha janavarI 2001 I. se ho skaa| yaha kArya pustaka ke rUpa meM zIghra hI pAThakoM ko upalabdha hogaa| usakI eka jhalaka ke rUpa meM yahA~ laghu-lekha prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai, jisameM prArambhika 14 viSayoM kA to saMkSipta paricaya karAyA gayA hai, lekina vistArabhaya se agrima 63 viSayoM ke kevala sUtra-udAharaNa dekara hI santoSa karanA par3A hai| ___itane se bhI kAtantra-kaccAyana kI samAnatA kA digdarzana avazya ho sakegA, jisake phalasvarUpa saMskRta-pAlibhASAoM meM prApta ghaniSTha-sambandha ke atirikta saMskRta-pAlivyAkaraNoM meM bhI paryApta ghaniSThatA kA anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| 77 viSayoM kA tulanAtmakarUpa yahA~ prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai 1044 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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1. varNasamAmnAya kAtantra "siddho varNasamAmnAya:" -(1/1/1) / lokavyavahAra meM prasiddha varNasamAmnAya isameM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| saMskaraNabheda se 48, 50 tathA 53 vargoM kA isake antargata pATha milatA hai| __ a, A, i, I, u, U, R, R, la, lu, e, ai, o, au, - (anusvAra), : (visrg)| (jihvAmUlIya), (updhmaaniiy)| ka, kha, ga, gha, G, c, ch, ja, jha, J, Ta, Tha, Da, Dh, Na, t, th, d, dh, n, pa, ph, b, bha, m, ya, ra, la, k, z, e, s, ha, kS, pluta (53) / kaccAyana- "akkharA pAdayo ekacattAlisaM" - (1/1/2) / isameM 41 varNa par3he gae haiM a, A, i, I, u, U, e, o, ka, kha, ga, gha, Ga, ca, cha, ja, jha, Ja, Ta, Tha, Da, Dha, Na, ta, tha, da, dha, na, pa, pha, ba, bha, ma, ya, ra, la, va, sa, ha, (niggahItaM), La (mraatthii-l)| samIkSA- zAbdika AcAryoM dvArA jo varNa jisa krama se svIkAra kiye gaye haiM, unake pATha ko varNasamAmnAya, akSarasamAmnAya athavA vAksamAmnAya kahate haiN| samagra vAGmaya kI dRSTi se nityASoDazikArNava-tantra' meM 16, pANinIya vyAkaraNa' meM 42 tathA vedoM meM 6364 varNa mAne gaye haiN| 2. svarasaMjJA kAtantra- "tatra caturdazAdau svarA:" - (1/1/2) / ukta varNasamAmnAya ke prArambhika 14 varNoM kI 'svara' saMjJA hotI hai- a, A, i, I, u, U, R, R, lu, la, e, ai, o, au| kaccAyana- "tatthodantA sarA aTTha" - (1/1/3) / isameM 8 vargoM kI svarasaMjJA kI gaI hai-- a, A, i, I, u U, e, o| samIkSA- do prakAra ke pramukha vargoM meM svara' unheM kahate haiM, jinake uccAraNa meM anya kI apekSA nahIM hotI hai- "svayaM rAjante svraaH|" bhinna-bhinna vyAkaraNoM meM hasva- dIrgha-pluta Adi ke bheda se inakI saMkhyA meM bhinnatA dekhI jAtI hai| 3. hrasvasaMjJA kAtantra- "pUrvo hrasva:" - (1/1/5) / 'ekamAtrika svaravarNa kI hasva-saMjJA kI gaI hai-- 'a, i, u, R, lu' / kaccAyana- "lahumattA tayo rassA" - (1/114) isameM kevala 3 vargoM kI hasva-saMjJA hotI hai-- 'a, i, u' / samIkSA- udAtta-anudAtta-svarita tathA sAnunAsika-niranunAsika bheda se isva chaha prakAra kA hotA hai| nirukta-gopathabrAhmaNa-RkprAtizAkhya' Adi prAcIna granthoM meM bhI yaha saMjhA upalabdha hotI hai| 'cAndravyAkaraNa' Adi arvAcIna vyAkaraNoM meM bhI yaha saMjJA kI prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00 45

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gaI hai| isva kI laghusaMjJA' bhI kI jAtI hai| 4. dIrghasaMjJA kAtantra- "paro dIrgha:" - (1/1/6) / savarNasaMjJaka 10 varSoM meM paravartI 5 vargoM kI 'dIrgha' saMjJA hotI hai-- 'A, I, U, R, lu' / kaccAyana- "ajhe dIghA" -(1/1/5) / isake anusAra dIrghasaMjJaka 5 varNa isaprakAra haiM- 'A, I, U, e, o'| samIkSA- 'udAtta' Adi bheda se dIrgha chaha prakAra kA hotA hai| kAtantravyAkaraNa meM 'e, ai, o, au' kI sandhyakSarasaMjJA ke atirikta dIrghasaMjJA bhI mAnI jAtI hai| RkprAtizAkhyaRktantra-gopathabrAhmaNa Adi prAcIna granthoM meM tathA cAndravyAkaraNa Adi arvAcIna-granthoM meM bhI isa saMjJA kA ullekha milatA hai| kAtantrakAra AcArya zarvavarmA ne savarNasaMjJaka do-do vargoM meM se pUrvavartI vargoM kI 'hasvasaMjJA' tathA paravartI vargoM kI dIrghasaMjJA' kI hai| isa viSaya meM kSitIzacandra caTarjI dvArA uddhRta eka zloka draSTavya hai (T.T.A.T.O.S.G., Vol. 1, P.192) pUrvo hasva: paro dIrgha: satAM sneho nirantaram / asatAM viparItastu pUrvo dIrgha: paro laghuH / / dIrgha kI 'guru' saMjJA bhI kI jAtI hai| 5. vyaMjanasaMjJA kAtantra- "kAdIni vyaJjanAni" -(1/1/9) / 34 varNoM kI vyaJjana' saMjJA kI gaI hai-- ka, kha, ga, gha, ng| ca, cha, ja, jha, ny| Ta, Tha, Da, Dha, nn| ta, tha, da, dha, n| pa, pha, ba, bha, m| ya, ra, la, v| za, Sa, sa, ha, kss|' ___ kaccAyana- "sesA vyaJjanA" -- (1/1/6) / isake anusAra 33 varNoM kI vyaJjanasaMjJA hotI hai-- ka, kha, ga, gha, ng| ca, cha, ja, jha, ny| Ta, Tha, Da, Dha, Na / ta, tha, da, dha, na / pa, pha, ba, bha, m| ya, ra, la, v| sa, ha, La, aN| samIkSA-- svaroM kA anusaraNa karane ke kAraNa athavA svarapratipAdya-arthoM ko dyotita karane ke kAraNa 'ka' se 'ha' yA 'kSa' taka kI vyaJjana-saMjJA kI jAtI hai'vyajyante ebhiriti vyaJjanAni' / RkprAtizAkhya, gopathabrAhmaNa, nATyazAstra Adi prAcIna granthoM meM pUrvAcAryoM dvArA isa saMjJA kA vyavahAra kiyA gayA hai| RkprAtizAkhya' ke 'uvvaTa-bhASya' meM vyaJjana kI paribhASA kI gaI hai . 'vyaJjayanti prakaTAn kurvantyAniti vyaJjanAni" - (u.bhA. 1/6) / pANini ne etadartha hal' pratyAhAra kA vyavahAra kiyA hai| kAtantrakAra ne saMyogasaMjJaka varNo se niSpanna honevAle vargoM ke nidarzanArtha 'a' varNa ko bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| isakA samarthana zaMkarAcAryakRta 'annapUrNAstotra' ke isa vacana se hotA hai 00 46 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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'AdikSAntasamastavarNanakarI (vrnnnikrii)|' jihvAmUlIya, upadhmAnIya tathA pluta ko bhI svatantra-varNa mAna lene para kAtantra meM vyaJjanasaMjJaka-varNoM kI saMkhyA 37 ho jAtI hai| 6. vargasaMjJA kAtantra- "te vargA: paJca paJca paJca" - (1/1/10) / 'ka' se lekara 'ma' taka ke 25 vargoM meM se pA~ca-pA~ca vargoM ke samudAya kI 'varga' saMjJA hotI hai| isalie 5 varga hote haiN| 1. kavarga -- ka, kha, ga, gha, ng| 2. cavarga - ca, cha, ja, jha, Ja / 3. Tavarga -- Ta, Tha, Da, Dha, nn| 4. tavarga - ta, tha, da, dha, n| 5. pavarga - pa, pha, ba, bha, m| kaccAyana-- "vaggA paJca paJca somantA" - (1/1/7) / ukta ke anusAra yahA~ bhI pA~ca varga svIkRta haiN| samIkSA- 'RkprAtizAkhya' Adi prAcIna granthoM meM isa saMjJA kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| vAjasaneyiprAtizAkhya' ke anusAra kramaza: 5-5 vargoM ke antargata prathama-varNa se hI varga kA bodha hotA hai, anya vargoM se nahIM--"prathamagrahaNe vargam" (1/64) / pANini ne inakA vyavahAra udit' pada se kiyA hai--"aNudit savarNasya cApratyaya:" (a. 1/1/69) / 7. anusvArasaMjJA kAtantra- "aM ityanusvAra:" - (1/1/19) / svarasaMjJaka varNa ke Upara tilavat yA ardhacandravat cihna kI 'anusvAra' saMjJA kI gaI hai--eko binduranusvArastilavad vArdhacandravat / ' __ kaccAyana- "aM iti niggahItaM" - (1/118) / isameM anusvAra kI 'niggahIta' saMjJA kI gaI hai| samIkSA-- svara ke sAtha milakara isakA uccAraNa hotA hai, isalie ise 'anusvAra' kahate haiM-- 'anusvaryate saMlInaM zabdyate itynusvaarH'| isakI lipi do prakAra kI hotI hai-., 5 / ise pANinIya Adi vyAkaraNoM meM ayogadAha kahA gayA hai, parantu kAtantrakAra ise yogavAha mAnate haiN| 8. ghoSasaMjJA kAtantra- "ghoSavanto'nye" - (1/1/12) / aghoSa se bhinna 21 vargoM kI ghoSasaMjJA hotI hai-- 'ga, gha, Ga / ja, jha, Ja / Da, Dha, nn| da, dha, na / ba, bha, ma / ya, ra, la, va, ha, kss|' kaccAyana- "parasamA payoge" -(1/1/9) / isameM bhI 21 varNoM kI yaha saMjJA hotI hai| 'ga' se 'ha' taka 20 varNa samAna haiM, tathA 21vA~ varNa 'La' samajhanA caahiye| samIkSA- jina vargoM ke uccAraNa meM vAyu ke vega se 'nAda-ISannAda' donoM hI sunAI par3ate haiM, unheM ghoSavAn varNa kahA jAtA hai-- 'ghoSo vidyate yeSAM te ghoSavanta:' / pANini ne 'ga' se 'ha' taka ke 20 varNoM kA bodha 'has' pratyAhAra se karAyA hai| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0047

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9. aghoSasaMjJA kAtantra- "vargANAM prathamadvitIyA: zaSasAzcAghoSA:" - (1/1/11) / pA~ca vargoM ke prathama-dvitIya varNa tathA 'za-Sa-sa' ina 13 vargoM kI 'aghoSa' saMjJA hotI hai| ka, kha / ca, ch| Ta, tth| ta, th| pa. ph| za, Sa, sa' / . kaccAyana- "parasamaJA payoge" - (1/1/9) / isake anusAra 11 varNa aghoSasaMjJaka siddha hote haiM- 'ka, kh| ca, ch| Ta, tth| ta, th| pa, ph| za, Sa, s'| - samIkSA- jina varNo ke uccAraNa kI dhvani alparUpa meM hI sunAI par3atI hai, unheM 'aghoSa' kahate haiM- 'na vidyate ghosso| yeSAM te aghoSA:' / zikSAgranthoM meM ise 'bAhya-prayatna' ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| yAjJavalkyazikSA' Adi meM bhI yaha saMjJA upalabdha hai| pANini ne ina vargoM ke lie 'khar' pratyAhAra kA prayoga kiyA hai| 10. vyaMjana kA svara se saMyojana (paribhASA) kAtantra- "vyaJjanamasvaraM paraM varNaM nayet" -(1/1/21) / svara aura vyaJjana varNo meM se kisako kisake sAtha sambaddha kiyA jAnA cAhie-- isa sandeha kA samAdhAna isameM kiyA gayA hai| tadanusAra vyaJjana varNoM ko hI paravartI varNa se sambaddha kiyA jAnA caahie| kaccAyana- "naye paraM yutte" -(1/1/11) / svararahita vyaJjana paravartI-varNa se yukta hotA hai| isake anusAra anusvAra kA paranayana nahIM hotA- 'akkocchi meM ye nigghiit'| samIkSA- vastuta: vyaJjana varNa pazcAdvartI hone ke kAraNa paratantra hote haiM, ata: isa paribhASA kI AvazyakatA pratIta nahIM hotI. phira bhI isakA sukhArtha yA svarUpAkhyAnaparaka nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| 11. varNaviyojana-paribhASA kAtantra- "anatikramayan vizleSayet" -(1/1/22) / sammilita vargoM kA vizleSaNa vinA hI atikramaNa kie arthAt kramabaddha-rUpa meM karanA caahie| jaise--'vaiyAkaraNa:, uccakaiH' ityAdi zabdoM meN| kaccAyana- "pubbamadhoThitamassaraM sarena viyojaye" - (I/1/10) / pUrvoccarita asvara arthAt vyaJjana varNa ko svara se kramabaddha-rUpa meM hI pRthak karanA caahie| samIkSA-- lokavyavahAra meM mAnya isa artha kA nirdeza sUtra dvArA kiyA gayA hai| 'vaiyAkaraNa' zabda kA pUrvarUpa v+yAkaraNa' mAnA jAtA hai| 'ai' kA Agama bAda meM hotA hai, parantu isa paribhASA ke anusAra 'v' ke bAda isakA uccAraNa kiyA jAtA hai| pANini ne isa lokaprasiddha artha ko batAne ke lie sUtra banAnA Avazyaka nahIM smjhaa| ___12. lokavyavahAra para AdhArita zabdasiddhi kI prAmANikatA kAtantra- "lokopacArAd grahaNasiddhiH" -(1/1/23) / jina zabdoM kI siddhi 00 48 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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isa kAtantra-vyAkaraNa meM nahIM batAI gaI hai, unakI siddhi ziSTajanoM ke vyavahAra se tathA anya vyAkaraNoM se samajha lenI caahie| jaise--varaNA:' -yaha vRkSa kI saMjJA hone ke sAtha-sAtha nagara kA bhI bodhaka hai| kaccAyana- "anupadihAnaM vuttayogato" -- (1/5/10) / svarasandhi tathA vyaJjanasandhisambandhI jo vidhAna upasarga aura nipAtoM meM yahA~ nahIM kiyA gayA hai, usakI yojanA yathocitarUpa meM (ziSTajanavyavahAra tathA anya vyAkaraNoM ke anusAra) kara lenI caahie| jaise- upa+ayanaM upAyanaM / samIkSA- kisI bhI prAcIna pratiSThitabhASA meM zabdoM kI saMkhyA nizcita nahIM kI jA sktii| tadanusAra saMskRta-pAli bhASAoM meM zabdoM ke ananta hone ke kAraNa aura una sabhI ananta-zabdoM kA sAdhutvabodha kisI eka vyAkaraNa dvArA sambhava na hone ke kAraNa prAya: sabhI zAbdika AcAryoM ne apane-apane granthoM meM isaprakAra ke nirdeza kie haiN| udAharaNa ke lie "pRSodarAdIni yathopadiSTam" (a. 6/3/101) tathA "siddhiH syAdvAdAt, lokAt" (haima. 1/1/2-3) Adi sUtravacanoM ko prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai| : 13. dIrghasandhi kAtantra- "samAna: savarNe dIrdhIbhavati parazca lopam" - (1/2/1) / savarNasaMjJaka varNa ke paravartI hone para samAnasaMjJaka varNa ko dIrgha-Adeza tathA paravartI savarNasaMjJaka-varNa kA lopa hotA hai| jaise-- 'daNDAgram, madhUdakam' ityaadi| kaccAyana- "dIghaM, pubbo ca" - (1/2/4-5) / pUrva-svara kA lopa ho jAne para paravartI-svara ko tathA kahIM-kahIM para paravartI-svara kA lopa ho jAne para pUrvavartI-svara ko dIrgha hotA hai| jaise--'sadvIdha, kiMsUdha' ityaadi| ... . samIkSA- donoM vyAkaraNoM meM dIrghasandhi kI prakriyA bilkula bhinna hai| kaccAyana ne kevala kAtantrIya sUtra "luvarNe al" (1/2/5) kA anusaraNa avazya kiyA hai-- aisA kahA jA sakatA hai| 14. guNasandhi kAtalA-- "avarga ivaNe e, uvarNe o" - (1/2/2-3) / ivarNa uvarNa ke paravartI hone para pUrvavartI avarNa ke sthAna meM 'e-o' Adeza tathA ivarNa-uvarNa kA lopa hotA hai| jaise- 'seyam, gaMgodakam' ityaadi| ___ kaccAyana- "kva cAsavaNNaM lutte" - (1/2/3) / pUrva-svara kA lopa ho jAne para paravartI-svara kahIM-kahIM asavarNatA ko prApta hotA hai| jaise-- 'bandhusseva' ityaadi| samIkSA-- yahA~ donoM vyAkaraNoM kI prakriyA meM antara spaSTatayA parilakSita hotA hai, kyoMki kAtantrakAra avarNa ke hI sthAna meM 'e-o' Adeza karate haiM, jabaki kaccAyana vyAkaraNa meM pUrvavartI avarNa kA lopa karake rUpasiddhi kI jAtI hai| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0049

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_15. yakArAdeza kAtakA- "ivarNo yamasavarNe na ca paro lopya:" - (1/2/8) / udAharaNa-dadhyatra, nyessaa| kaccAyana- "pasaJassa ca" - (2/1/21) / udAharaNa-puthavyA, rtyaa| 16. prakRtibhAvasandhi kAtantra- "odantA a i u A nipAtA: svare prakRtyA, dvivacanamanau, bahuvacanamamI, anupadiSTAzca" - (1/3/1-4) / udAharaNa--aho Azcaryam, mAle ime, amI azvA:, Agaccha bho devadatta atr| kaccAyana- "sarA pakati vyaJjane, sare kvaci" - (1/3/1-2) / udAharaNatiNNo pAragato, ko imN| 17. dvitvasandhi kAtantra- "DaNanA isvopadhA: svare dvi:" - (1/4/7) / udAharaNa--kruGatra, sugaNNatra, pcnntr| .. kaccAyana- "vagge ghosAghosAnaM tatIyapaThamA" -(1/3/7) / udaahrnncttaaritttthaanaani| 18. anusvArasandhi kAtantra- "mo'nusvAraM vyaJjane" - (1/4/15) / udAharaNa--tvaM yAsi, tvaM rmse| kaccAyana- "aM vyaJjane niggahItaM" - (1/4/1) / udAharaNa--evaM vutte| 19. parasavarNasandhi kAtA - "varge tadvargapaJcamaM vA, varge vargAnta:" - (1/4/16; 2/4/45) / udAharaNa--tvaGkaroSi, nnditaa| kaccAyana- "vaggantaM vA vagge" - (1/4/2) / udAharaNa--tannibbutaM / 20. visarga ko ukArAdeza kAtantra- "aghoSavatozca" - (1/5/8) / udAharaNa--ko dhAvati, mnomym| kaccAyana- "etesamo lope" - (2/3/23) / udAharaNa--manomayaM, ayomayaM / 21. liMgasaMjJA kAtantra- "dhAtuvibhaktivarjamarthavalliGgam" - (2/1/1) / udAharaNa--vRkSa:, he vRkSa ! kaccAyana- "liMgaM ca nipaccate, tadanuparodhena" - (2/1/2, 5) / udaahrnn--brhmaa| 22. vibhaktividhAna kAtalA- "tasmAt parA vibhaktaya:" - (2/1/2) / vibhaktiyA~- prathamA-si, au, jas / dvitIyA--am, au, shs| tRtIyA--TA, 0050 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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bhyAm, bhis / caturthI--De, bhyAm, bhyas / paJcamI--Gasi, bhyAm, bhys| SaSThI--Das, os, aam| saptamI--Di, os sup| . kaccAyana- "tato ca vibhattiyo, siyo aMyo nAhi sanaM smAhi sanaM smisu" -(2/1/3-4) / vibhaktiyA~- paThamA--si, yo| dutiyA--aM, yo| tatIyA--nA, hi / catutthIsa, n| paJcamI--smA, hi| chaTThI--sa, n| sattamI--smiM, su| 23. sambuddhisaMjJA kAtantra-- "Amantrite si: sambuddhiH " - (2/115) / udAharaNa he vRkSa ! he amba ! kaccAyana- "Alapane si gasaJo" - (2/116) / udAharaNa--bhoti ayye ! 24. agnisaMjJA kAtantra- "idudagni:" - (2/1/8) / udAharaNa--agnim, paTum / kaccAyana-- "ivaNNuvaNNAjjhalA" - (2/1/7) / udAharaNa--aggi, bhikkhu / 25. nadIsaMjJA kAtantra- "IdUt stryAkhyau nadI" --(2/1/9) / udAharaNa--nadyai, vdhvai| kaccAyana- "te ityikhyA po" -(2/1/8) / udAharaNa--itthI, vdhuu| 26. zraddhAsaMjJA kAtantra- "A zraddhA" - (2/1/10) / udAharaNa--zraddhA, maalaa| kaccAyana- udAharaNa--karuNA, knyaa| 27. ekArAdeza kAtantra- "dhuTi bahutve tve, osi ca" - (2/1/19, 20) / udAharaNa--eSu, vRkSayoH / kaccAyana- "sUhisvakAro e, sabbanAmAnaM namhi ca, sabbassi masse vA" --(2/1/50, 51: 3/10) / udAharaNa--sabbesu, sabbehi, sabbesAnaM, essu| ___ 28. 'ina' Adeza kAtantra- "ina TA" - (2/1/23) / udaahrnn--vRkssnn| kaccAyana- "ato nena" - (2/1/52) / udaahrnn--sbben| 29. yakArAdeza kAtantra- "Derya:" - (2/1/24) / udAharaNa--vRkSAya / kaccAyana-- "Aya catutyekavacanassa tu"--(2/1/58)| udAharaNa--atthAya, hitaay| 30. 'smAt-smin' Adeza kAtalA-- "Dasi: smAt, Di smin" -(2/1/26-27) / udAharaNa sarvasmAt srvsmin| kaccAyana- "smAhisminnaM mhAbhimhi vA" - (2/1/48) / udAharaNa--purisasmA, purissmi| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00 51

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31. su Agama kAtA - "surAmi sarvata:" - (2/1/29) / udAharaNa--sarveSAm, tAsAm / kaccAyana- "sabbato naM sAsAnaM" - (2/3/8) / udAharaNa--sabbesaM, sabbesAnaM / 32. 'I Adeza kAtA - "jas sarva i., alpAdervA, dvandvasthAcca" - (2/1/30-32) / udAharaNasarve, alpe ktrktme| . kaccAyana- "sabbanAmakArate paThamo, dvandaTThA vA" -(2/3/4-5) / udAharaNa te, ktrktme| ___33. sarvanAmasambandhI kAryoM kA niSedha kAtA- "nAnyat sArvanAmikam, tRtIyAsamAse ca, bahuvrIhau"-(211/ 3335) / udAharaNa--pUrvAparAya, mAsapUrvAya, tvtkpitRkH| kaccAyana- "tayo neva ca sabbanAmehi, nAjhaM sabbanAmika, bahubbihimhi ca" - (2/1/59: 3/6, 7) / udAharaNa--sabbasmA, pubbAparAnaM, piyapubbAnaM / 34. ekaaraadesh| kAtalA- "sambuddhau.ca" - (2/1/ 39) / udAharaNa he zraddhe ! he mAle ! kaccAyana- "ghate ca" - (211163) / udAharaNa--bhoti ayye ! 35. ikArAdeza kAtakA- "aurim" -(211/41) / udAharaNa--zraddhe, mAle, dve| kaccAyana- "yosu dvinnaM dve ca" -(2/2/13) / udAharaNa dve dhammA, dve ruupaani| 36. 'yAm' Adeza kAtakA- "Davanti yai-yAs-yAs-yAm" - (211142) / udAharaNa--zraddhAyAm, maalaayaam| kaccAyana- "ghapato smiM yaM vA" - (21416) / udaahrnn--gNgaayN| 37. 'syAs-syAm' Adeza kAtA - "sarvanAmnastu sasavo isvapUrvAzca" - (2/1/43) / udAharaNa--sarvasyA:, srvsyaam| kavvAyana- "ghapato smisAnaM saMsA" -(2/3/19) / udAharaNa--sabbassa, sbbssaa| 38. akAralopa kAtantra- "amshsoraadilopm" - (2/1/47) / udAharaNa nadIm, vadhUH / kaccAyana- "saralopomAdesappaccayAdimhi saralope tu pakati" - (2/1/32) / udAharaNa--purisaM, paapiyo| : 00 52. prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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___39. 'si-am' pratyayoM kA lopa kAtantra- "vyaJjanAcca, napuMsakAt syamorlopo na ca taduktam"-(2/1/49; 2/6) / udAharaNa--vAk, payaH / kaccAyana- "imassidamaMsisu napuMsake, amussA," - (2/2/10-11) / udAharaNaidaM, aduN| 40. ekAra-okArAdeza kAtakA- "iredurojjasi, sambuddhau ca" - (2/1/55-56) / udAharaNa--agnayaH, paTava:, he agne ! kaccAyana- "yosvakatarassojho, vevosu lo ca" -(2/1/45-46) / udAharaNaaggayo, bhikkhave, bhikkhvo| . 41. ukArAdeza kAtantra- "RdantAt sapUrva:" - (2/1/63) / udAharaNa--pituH, maatuH| . kaccAyana- "u sAsmaM salopo ca" - (2/3/43) / udAharaNa--pitu, maatu| 42. 'A' Adeza tathA si-lopa kAtalA- "A sau silopazca" - (211164) / udAharaNa--pitA, maataa| kaccAyana- "satthupitAdinamA sismi silopo ca" - (2/3/39) / udAharaNapitA, maataa| ____43. 'ar' Adeza kAtA- "ar au" - (2/1/66) / udAharaNa--pitari, maatri| . kavAyana- "ajesvArantaM, tato smimi, Aro rassamikAre"-(2/3/40, 46, 48) / udAharaNa--mAtari, pitri| 44. 'Ar Adeza kAtA- "dhAtostRzabdasyA" - (2/1/68) / udAharaNa--kartArau, kartAraH / kaccAyana- "ajjesvArantaM" -(2/3/40) / udaahrnn-stthaarN| 45. si' pratyaya kA lopa .. kAtantra- "isvanadIzraddhAbhya: sirlopam" -(2/171) / udAharaNa he vRkSa ! he agne ! kaccAyana- "sesato lopaM gasipi" -(21410) / udAharaNa-bho raajaa| .. 46. 'nu Agama kAtakA- "Ami ca nuH, caturaH" -(2/1/72, 74) / udAharaNa-nadInAm, cturnnaam| - kaccAyana- "no ca dvAdito namhi" - (211/16) / udAharaNa--dvinna / prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0053

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47. jas-zas' pratyayoM kA lopa . kAtalA- "katezca jas-zasoluMka" -(2/1/76) / udAharaNa--SaT, paJca / / kaccAyana- "paJcAdInamakAro" - (2/2/15) / udAharaNa--paJca itthI, nava jnaa| 48. 'D' anubandhavatI vibhaktiyoM meM nadIvadbhAva kAtantra- "isvazca Davati" - (2/2/5) / udAharaNa--zriyai, bhuuvai| kaccAyana- "amA pato smiM smAnaM vA" - (2/1/17) / udAharaNa--matyaM, mtyaa| 49. 'mu Agama tathA 'si-am' kA lopa kAtalA- "akArAdasambuddhau muzca" - (2/2/7) / udAharaNa--kuNDam, atijrm| kaccAyana- "siM" - (2/4/9) / udAharaNa--sabbaM / 50. 'na' Agama tathA 'zi' Adeza kAtantra- "dhuTsvarAd ghuTi nuH, jazzaso: zi:" - (2/2/11, 10) / udAharaNapadmAni, pyaaNsi| kaccAyana- "yonanni napuMsakehi" - (2/4/7) / udAharaNa--aTThIni, AyUni / 51. dIrgha Adeza . kAtantra- "samAna: savarNe dIrdhIbhavati parazca lopam, dIrghamAmi sanau, nAntasya copadhAyA:" - (1/2/1; 2/2/15-16) / udAharaNa--agnI, agnInAma, pnycaanaam| kaccAyana- "yosu katanikAralopesu dIghaM, sunaMhisu ca" -(2/1/37, 38) / udAharaNa--aggI, aggiinN| 52. n' kI upadhA ko dIrgha kAtA- "ghuTi cAsambuddhau" - (2/2/17) / udAharaNa--rAjA, raajaanm| ' kaccAyana- "brahmattasakharAjAdito amAnaM, yonamAno" - (2/2/28, 30) / udAharaNa--brahmAnaM, brhmaano| 53. makAra-vakArottaravartI akAra ko dIrgha kAtA- "antvasantasya cAdhAto: sau" - (2/2/20) / udAharaNa--matimAn, shiilvaan| kaccAyana- "A simhi" - (2/215) / udAharaNa--zIlavA, balavA (aakaaraadesh)| 54. e-Aya' Adeza / kAtalA- "ghuTi tvai, ai Ay" - (2/2/24; 3/2113) / udAharaNa--sakhAyau, skhaayH| kaccAyana- "sakhAto cAyo no" -(2/3/31) / udaahrnn--skhaayo| ____55. 'au-Av' Adeza kAtalA- "gorau ghuTi au Av" - (2/2/33; 1/2/15) / udAharaNa--gAvI, gAvaH / 0054 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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kaccAyana- "gAva se, yosu ca, avamhi ca" - (2/1/22-24) / udAharaNagAvassa, gAvo gacchanti, gAvaM / 56. nalopAdeza kAtantra- "anuSaMgazcAkruJcet" - (2/2/39) / udAharaNa--viduSaH, zIlavata:, buddhimt:| kaccAyana- "totitA sasminAsu" - (2/2/8) / udAharaNa--guNavato, guNavatI, gunnvtaa| 57. 'an' bhAga kA lopa / kAtalA- "puMso'nzabdalopa:" - (2/2/40) / udAharaNa--pumbhyAm / kaccAyana- "pumassa liMgAdisu samAsesu" - (2/4/12) |udAharaNa--pulliMga, pumbhaavo| 58. 'an' ke akAra kA vaikalpika lopa kAtantra-- "IDayorvA" - (2/2/54) / udAharaNa--sAmnI, saamnii| rAjJi, raajni| kaccAyana- "smimhi rajJa - rAjini" - (2/2/19) / udAharaNa--rajje, raajini| 59. iy-un' Adeza kAtalA- "IdUtoriyuvau svare" - (2/2/56) / dra.-2/2/57-58 bhii| udAharaNa-- niyaH, luvH| kaccAyana- "jhalAnamiyuvA sare vA" - (211/19) / udAharaNa--aggiyAgAre, puthuvaasne| 60. 'ya-v' Adeza kAtA - "anekAkSarayostvasaMyogAd yavau" -(2/2/59) / udAharaNa--grAmaNya:, yavalvaH / kaccAyana-- "yavakArA" - (2/1/20) / udAharaNa--agyAgAre, cakkhvAyatanaM / 61. 'iy' Adeza kAtA - "vA'mzaso:" - (2/2/62) / udAharaNa--striyam striyH| kaccAyana- "aM yamIto pasAto" - (2/4/13) / udAharaNa--itthiyaM / 62. 'ka' pratyaya .kAtalA- "avyayasarvanAmna: svarAdantyAt pUrvo'k kaH" - (2/2164) / udAharaNavatsaka:, vRksskH| kaccAyana- "sabbato ko" -- (2/3/18) / udAharaNa--sabbako, amuko| 63. vas-nas' Adeza kAtalA- "yuSmadasmado: padaM padAt SaSThIcaturthIdvitIyAsu vsnsau"-(2/3/1)| udAharaNa--putro va:, putro nH|' .... kaccAyana--"padato dutiyA-catutthI-chaTThIsu vo no" - (2/2/28) / udAharaNa prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0055

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64. te-meM Adeza: kAtA- "tvanmadorekatve te me tvA mA tu dvitIyAyAm" - (2/3/3) / udAharaNaputraste, putro me| . kaccAyana- "temekavacane" - (2/2/29) / udAharaNa--idaM te raTuM, ayaM me putto| 65. te-meM AdezoM kA niSedha kAtA - "na pAdAdau" - (2/3/4) 15.-cAdiyoge ca (2/3/5) / udAharaNayuSmAkaM kuladevatA, asmAkaM pApanAzanaH / . kaccAyana- "nAmhi" - (2/2/30) / udAharaNa--so maM buvi| 66. tvam-aham' Adeza kAtantra- "tvamahaM sau savibhaktyoH " -(2/3/10) / udAharaNa--tvam, aham / kaccAyana- "tvamahaM simhi ca-(2/2/21) / udAharaNa--tvaM, ahaM / 67. tubhyama-mahyam' Adeza kAtA - "tubhyaM mahyaM Gayi" -(2/3/12) / udAharaNa tubhyam, mahyam / kaccAyana- "tumhaM mayhaM ca" -(2/2/23) / udAharaNa--tuyhaM, mayhaM / 68. 'tava-mama' Adeza kAtantra- "tava mama Dasi" - (2/3/13) / udAharaNa-tava, mm| kaccAyana- "tava mama se" - (2/2/22) / udAharaNa--tava, mm| 69. 'Akam' Adeza kAtantra- "sAmAkam" -(2/3/16) / udAharaNa-yuSmAkam, asmaakm| kanvAyana- "tumhAmhehi namAkaM" - (2/3/1) / dra.- vA svappaThamo (2/3/2) / udAharaNa--tumhAka, amhaakN| ____70. ekArAdeza kAtantra- "etvamasthAnini" - (2/3/17) / udAharaNa--tvayi, mayi / kaccAyana- "tumhAmhAnaM tayi mayi, tayA tayInaM takAro tvattaM vA" -(2/2/20; 3/50) / udAharaNa--tayi, myi| 71. tvad-mad Adeza kAtantra- "etvamasthAnini" - (2/3/17) / udAharaNa--tvayA, myaa| kAnvAyana- "nAmhi tayA mayA" - (2/2/26) / udAharaNa tayA, myaa| 72. tisa-catasa' Adi Adeza . - kAtantra- "tricaturo: striyAM tisR catasR vibhaktI, jazzaso: zi:" - (2/3/25; 210) / udAharaNa--timraH, triinni| catasraH, ctvaari| 0056 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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kaccAyana- "ticatunnaM, tisso catasso tayo cattAro tINi cattAri"- (2/21 14) / udAharaNa--tisso vedanA, tayA janA, cattAri ariysccaani| 73. sakArAdeza kAtantra- "sau sa:, tasya ca" - (2/3/32-33) / udAharaNa--asau, sH| kaccAyana- "amussa mo saM, etatesaM to" - (2/3/13-14) / udAharaNa--asu rAjA, eso puriso, so puriso| 74. 'ayam' Adeza kAtakA- "idamiyamayampuMsi" - (2/3/34) / udAharaNa--ayaM pumaan| kaccAyana- "anapuMsakassAyaM simhi" - (2/3/12) / udAharaNa--ayaM puriso| 75. 'at' Adeza kAtalA- "ad vyaJjane'nak" - (2/3/35) / udaahrnn--aabhyaam| kaccAyana- "ima sahassa ca" -(2/3/17) / udAharaNa-assa, asmaa| .....76. 'ana' Adeza kAtalA- "TausoranaH" - (2/3/36) / udAharaNa--anena, anayoH / kaccAyana- "aMnimi nAmhi ca" -(2/3/11) / udaahrnn--anen| 77. syAdi vibhaktiyoM kA lopa kAtalA- "avyayAcca" -(2/4/4) / udAharaNa--prAta:, ev| kaccAyana- "sabbAsamAvasopasagganipAtAdIhi ca" - (2/4/11) / udAharaNayathA, khlu| bhagavAna mI samatApI AnaMda kI prAmavyasta hai "samAmRtAnandabhareNa piiddite| bhavanmana: kuDmalake sphuttytyti|| vigAhya lIlAmudiyAya kevalaM / sphuTaikavizvodaradIpakArciSaH / / " -(AcArya amRtacandra, laghutattvasphoTa 11, pRSTha 51) sAnvayArtha :- (samAmRtAnanda bhareNa) samatArUpI amRta janya Ananda ke bhAra se (pIDite) pIDita-yukta (bhavanmanaH kuDmalake sphuTayatyati) Apake manarUpI kuDmala-kalI ke sarvathA vikasita ho jAne para (lIlAM vigAhya) ananta Ananda kI krIDA meM praveza karake (sphuTaika vizvodara dIpa-kArciSaH kevalaMudiyAya) samasta vizva ke udara ko sphuTa rUpa se prakaTa karane vAle dIpaka kI jyoti svarUpa Apako kevalajJAna prakaTa huaa| tAtparya usakA yahI hai ki jaba samatArUpI amRta kA Ananda ApakI AtmA meM bhara gayA taba samasta vizva ko prakAzita karanevAlA kevalajJAna Apako prApta huA yahI ApakI lIlA hai| - (anuvAda- AcArya vidyAnanda munirAja) .. prAkRtavidyA+ aktUbara-disambara '2002 0057

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rohataka se prApta aprakAzita jaina mUrtiyA~ -DaoN. sata deva 'rohataka' hariyANA kA eka prAcIna nagara hai, jo dillI ke pazcima meM 70 kilomITara kI dUrI para (28' 54' uttarI akSAMza tathA 75135' pUrvI dezAntara) para sthita hai| yaha nagara sAhitya va purAtAttvika dRSTikoNa se paryApta-prAcIna hai| isakA ullekha sarvaprathama paMcaviMza brAhmaNa'2 meM huA hai| isameM rohataka nAma se milatA-julatA rohata-kUla' zabda kA prayoga huA hai| mahAbhArata meM isakA rohitaka' ke nAma se varNana milatA hai| mahAbhAratakAra ke anusAra 'rohitAkAraNya' vaha vana thA, jo kuru-senA se ghirA huA thA tathA digvijaya ke samaya karNa ne rohitaka kA damana kiyA thaa| jaina-sAhitya meM varNita rohida' nagara kI pahacAna rohataka se kI jAtI hai| paramparA ke anusAra yahA~ ke eka udyAna meM dharmayakSa kI pajA kA sthala thA tathA tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne kaI bAra isa nagara kI yAtrA kI thii| prAcIna rohataka kA eka anya nAma 'bahudhAnyaka' bhI thaa| yaha nAma rohataka se bahusaMkhyA meM prApta yaudheyoM ke sikkoM para milatA hai| vAsudevazaraNa agravAla ne rohitaka-bahudhAnyaka bhU-bhAga kI 'saMdhyadhAnaka' janapada se pahacAna kI hai, jisakA ullekha 'vAmana purANa' meM uttarApatha ke janapadoM kI sUcI meM AyA hai| bauddha-sAhitya meM rohataka kI gaNanA uttarI bhArata ke pramukha nagaroM meM kI gaI hai| vinayapiTaka' meM baddha kI eka lambI yAtrA kA varNana hai| isameM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kA divya-mUrti-zilpa 0058 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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kahA gayA hai ki vaha apane ziSya Ananda ke sAtha hastinApura se calakara mahAnagara, sarudhana, brAhmaNagrAma tathA kAlanagara hote hue rohitaka phuNce| unhoMne rohataka meM yakSa cakrapANi se vArtAlApa kiyaa| isI meM jIvaka kumAra bhRtya kI yAtrA kA bhI varNana hai, jo takSazilA se bhadarAnakara, udumbara tathA rohataka hote hue mathurA gayA thaa| mahAmayUrI' (cauthI zatAbdI) ke anusAra skanda (kArtikeya) rohataka ke tathA kapila bahudhAnyaka ke yakSa the| isI samaya ke anya pramukha grantha divyAvadAna ke anusAra rohataka eka mahAnagara thA, jo 12 yojana lambA tathA 7 yojana caur3A thA aura vaha sAta parakoToM meM AbaMTita thA, jisameM 62 dvAra the aura yahA~ sahasroM kI saMkhyA meM makAna, caur3I sar3akeM, bAjAra aura dukAne thiiN| vartamAna rohataka nagara aura usake samIpastha kSetra meM kaI prAcIna TIle vidyamAna haiN| ye prAcInakAla meM rohataka se hI jur3e rahe hoMge, parantu aba unakA alaga astittva hai| yaha sthala nimnalikhita haiM- 1. khokharakoTa, 2. lAlapura tathA rAmalaAlA 3. asthala bohara tathA 4. mAjarA (bohr)| grAmINoM dvArA kI gaI khudAI se mAjarA (bohara) TIle se prAcIna tAMbe aura cAMdI ke sikke, jaina tathA hindU devatAoM kI mUrtiyA~ Adi milI haiN| hAla hI meM yahA~ se pArzvanAtha kI do pratimAe~ evaM kucha pratimAkhaNDa prApta hue haiN| ye pratimAe~ yahA~ prathama bAra prakAzita kI jA rahI haiN| - jainadharma ke 23veM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kI ina pratimAoM meM unheM sthAnaka-mudrA (kAyotsarga-mudrA) meM khar3e dikhalAyA gayA hai| prathama mUrti (phalaka-1) kA mApa 69x26 se. mI. hai| tIrthaMkara kamala-puSpa para khar3e haiN| vaha pUrNatayA nagna-avasthA meM haiN| isa prakAra yaha pratimA jainadharma ke digambara-sampradAya se sambandhita hai| mastaka ke pIche sAta phanavAle sarpa kA citraNa hai, jo pArzvanAtha kA lAMchana hai| sarpaphanoM ke Upara chatra hai, jisake donoM ora savAra-sahita hAthI ghaTa se tIrthaMkara kA jala se abhiSeka kara rahe haiN| usase nIce donoM ora puSpamAlA liye striyA~ khar3I haiN| usase nIce donoM ora siMhamukha tathA zArdUla kA citraNa hai| yaha siMhAsana kA pratIka hai| isase nIce bAIM ora eka puruSa tathA dAyIM ora eka strI tribhaMga-mudrA meM kamala-puSpa lie khar3I hai| strI kA sira khaNDita hai| AdhAra para bAIM ora eka choTI-sI AkRti upAsaka kI banAI gaI hai, jo hAtha jor3e baiThA hai| mUrti ke AdhAra para do paMktiyoM kA laghu-lekha hai| isameM saMvat 1016 kA ullekha hai| lipi ke AdhAra para yaha lekha 10vIM zatAbdI kA hai| ____ pArzvanAtha kI dUsarI pratimA (phalaka-2) bhI isI grAma se milI hai, jisakA AkAra 715x26 se.mI. hai| yaha pratimA bhI uparokta-mUrti se sAmya rakhatI hai| mUrti kA dA~yA hAtha TUTA huA hai| nIce strI aura puruSa ke cehare khaNDita hue haiN| nIce AdhAra para do paMktiyoM kA abhilekha hai| AdhAra kA AkAra triratha hai| lipi gyAharavIM zatAbdI se sAmya rakhatI hai| eka khaNDita jaina-mUrti (phalaka-3) meM do tIrthaMkaroM ko sthAnaka-mudrA meM pAsa-pAsa khar3e prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00 59

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dikhalAyA gayA hai| ina donoM tIrthaMkaroM ke bIca meM tathA donoM ora tIna baiThI huI jina-AkRtiyA~ padmAsana- mudrA meM dikhAI gaI haiN| ina mUrtiyoM ke sira para chatra hai| ye laghu-AkRtiyA~ kalAtmaka nahIM hai; kintu khar3I huI tIrthaMkaroM kI mUrtiyoM meM zarIra ko sugaThita dikhalAyA gayA hai| ye kamala-puSpa para alaga-alaga khar3I haiN| nIce cAra siMhoM kA aMkana hai| inake sira pUrI taraha khaNDita haiN| yaha mUrti - khaNDa 'mAjarA' grAma se prApta huA hai, jo dasavIM tI kA hai| yaha mUrti aba jaina - mandira rohataka meM dekhI jA sakatI hai| eka anya mUrti-khaNDa meM tIrthaMkara mUrti ke dAhine khaNDita-bhAga para jina ko khar3e hue dikhAyA gayA hai (phlk-4)| sira ke keza ghuMgharAle haiN| kAna kaMdhe taka lambe dikhAye gaye haiM / isameM mukha khaNDita hai tathA bhujAe~ aura udarabhAga nAbhi se nIce TUTa gayA hai| yaha mUrti jaina - mandira rohataka meM hai, jo kalA kI dRSTi se dasavIM zatI kI hai| mAjarA (bohara) se hI khaNDita tIrthakara - mUrti kA bA~yA bhAga prApta huA hai ( phalaka- 5) / isa mUrti meM kaI jinoM ko dikhalAyA gayA hai| isa khaMDita bhAga para eka jina ke ghuTanoM se nIce ke paira surakSita haiM, jisake donoM ora upAsikAoM ko dikhAyA gayA hai| usase nIce stambhoM se ghire bhAga meM eka jina-AkRti Asana mudrA meM baiThI hai| jina ke Upara chatra hai| bAyeM stambha ke bAhara eka upAsikA khar3I hai| yaha mUrti - khaMDa bhI digambara sampradAya se sambandhita hai| kalA kI dRSTi se isa pratimA ko dasavIM- gyArahavIM zatI meM rakhA jA sakatA hai / yaha mUrti - khaMDa bhI rohataka jaina mandira meM rakhA huA hai| ullekhanIya hai ki lagabhaga eka zatAbdI pUrva rojarsa " ne kucha bahuta sundara jaina- mUrtiyoM ko rohataka ke pAsa asthala - jogiyoM ke nAtha sampradAya ke maTha meM dekhA thA tathA unheM prakAzita kiyA thaa| bI.sI. bhaTTAcArya | 2 ne 1939 I. meM pArzvanAtha kI eka sthAnaka - mUrti, jo jogiyoM ke maTha meM hai, kA ullekha kiyA thaa| 1959 I. meM yajJadatta zarmA ne bhI asthala bohara ke maTha meM sthita kucha brAhmaNa aura jaina - mUrtiyoM kA ullekha kiyA thaa| bAda meM umAkAnta pI. zAha. 14 ema.e. DhAkI 15 tathA mAruti nandana prasAda tivArI " ne bhI rohataka kI jaina - pratimAoM kA ullekha apane zodhakAryoM meM kiye| kintu kisI ne bhI isa mUrti - - sampadA kA vistRta adhyayana prastuta nahIM kiyA / devendra hANDA'" ne avazya hI rohataka kI jaina- mUrtiyoM para eka vistRta zodha- nibandha likhA / jahA~ taka jaina-sAhitya meM rohataka ke vivaraNa kA sambandha hai, rohataka kA vipAkasUtra' meM ullekha milatA hai| jainadharma kI zvetAmbara - paramparA ke anusAra 'vipAkasUtra' jaina sAhitya ke bAraha aMgoM meM se gyArahavA~ aMga hai| Ara. ena. mehatA " vipAkasUtra ko nauvIM zatAbdI ke uttarArddha kI racanA mAnate haiN| vipAkasUtra kA kathana hai ki besamaNadatta . (vaisramaNadatta ) tathA pUsanandI (puSyanandI) rohidiya (rohataka) se zAsana karate the / " isI graMtha meM rohida (rohataka) ke pRthavyAvataMza udyAna meM sthita dharaNa - yakSa ke nandI kA ullekha 0060 prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara 2002

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hai| dharaNa pArzvanAtha kA yakSa hai| 'vipAkasUtra' kA yaha ullekha nauvIM zatAbdI ke rohataka meM pArzvanAtha kI pUjA kI lokapriyatA ko darzAtA hai| rohataka ke zrAvakoM kA kharataragacchavRhad-gurvAvali meM ullekha isa bAta kI ora saMketa karatA hai ki jainadharma cAhamAna aura isake bAda ke kAloM meM bhI rohataka meM pallavita hotA rahA aura isa nagara meM jaina- matAvalambiyoM kI usa samaya eka bar3I saMkhyA thii| isa Alekha meM prakAzita pArzvanAtha kI pratimAoM se isa vicAra kI puSTi hotI hai| grantha-sUcI 1. impIriyala gajeTiyara oNpha iNDiyA, provinziyala sIrIja, paMjAba, vaoNlyUma 1, 1908, pR. 247 2. paMcaviMza brAhmaNa, (14.3.12), pR. 354 3. mahAbhArata, khaNDa 4, 19-33 4. mahAbhArata meM varNita rohitaka kA samIkaraNa jayacandra vidyAlaMkAra ne sarvaprathama 1936 I. meM kiyA thaa| .. 5. je.sI. jaina, laoNipha ina ainziyaNTa iNDiyA aija DipikTeDa ina jaina kainansa, dillI, 1947, pR. 328 6. vI.esa. agravAla, vAmanapurANa: e sTaDI, vArANasI, 1964, pR. 7 7. gilagiTa mainuskripTa, khaNDa-tRtIya, bhAga-1, pR. 2 (sa.) nAlinAkSa datta / 8. vahI, khaNDa tRtIya, bhAga 1, pR. 33-34 9. mahAmayUrI (sa.), silvAM levI, 1915, pR. 64-68 10. divyAvadAna (sa.), pI.ela. vaidya, darabhaMgA, pR. 67 11. sI.je. rojarsa, lisTa oNpha oNbjekTa oNpha ArkayolaoNjikala iMTeresTa ina paMjAba, kalakattA, _____1891, pR. 74-76 12. bI.sI. bhaTTAcArya, di jaina AikonogrAphI, lAhaura, 1939, phalaka-6 13. iNDiyana ArkeyolaoNjI, 1959-60 e rivyU, pR. 74, phalaka-60-DI tathA 61 14. umAkAnta pI.zAha, sTaDIja ina jaina ArTa, banArasa, 1955, pR. 17 15. ema.e. DhAkI, 'sama arlI jaina Tempalsa ina vesTarna iNDiyA', mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya golDana jubalI, vAlyUma, bambaI, 1968, pR. 293 16. mAruti nandana prasAda tivArI, jaina pratimA vijJAna, vArANasI, 1981, pR. 52 tathA 126 17. devendra hANDA, 'jaina skalpacarsa phraoNma rohataka,' zilpa sNvit| (sTaDIja ina jaina ArTa eNDa ___AikonogrAphI eNDa elAiDa sabjekTas ina oNnara oNpha DaoN. yU.pI. zAha), pR. 67-72 18. samarI oNpha pepara oNpha dA Ala iNDiyA saiminAra oNna jaina kainonIkala liTarecara, ahamadAbAda, 1986, pR. 14 19. rameza jamIMdAra, poliTikala kaMDIzaMsa eja naireTeDa ina da vipAkasUtra, hANDA devendra(saM.) ajaya-zrI, rIsenTa sTaDIja ina iNDolaoNjI, (pro. ajaya mitra zAstrI, phelisiTezana, vAlyUma) bhAga-1, dillI, 1989, pR. 102 se uddhRt| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 4061

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darzana-zAstra antarmukhI banAtA hai aura pradarzanabahirmukhI -DaoN. suSamA siMghavI kundakundAcArya racita prAkRta-granthoM kA sAra hai___ "NiyadaMsaNaM hi daMsaNaM" arthAt nijadarzana hI darzana hai| nija kA, nija ke liye. nija ke dvArA anubhUta-darzana vAstavika darzana hai| yaha svadarzana antarmukhI-manovRtti kA phala hai| parapadArtha kI ora dRSTi honA pradarzana hai| svacaitanya se bhinna parapadArthoM (zarIra-pAtra-sampatti- sAdhana-sattA Adi) kA, svayaM se bhinna dUsaroM (para) ke liye darzana karAnA (dikhAnA) pradarzana hai| pradarzana bahirmukhI-manovRtti kA phala hai| 'darzana' aura 'pradarzana' kramaza: svabhAva' aura 'vibhAva' ke do nAma haiM, sUkSma aura sthUla ke do vartula haiM; dravya aura paryAya, anta: aura bAhya, nizcaya aura vyavahAra, apane aura parAe ke pratipAdaka haiN| 'darzana' svayaM kI cetanA kA anubhava hai aura pradarzana' pudgala-nirmita para- padArthoM ke kartRtva kA mithyA-abhimAna / Aja yaha prazna mahattvapUrNa hai ki hameM antarmukhI banakara 'darzana' karanA hai yA bahirmukhI banakara 'pradarzana'? bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA- tumameva tumaM mittaM kiM bahiyA mittamicchasi' arthAt tuma svayaM apane mitra ho, bAharI mitra kI icchA kyoM karate ho? svayaM se mitratA karane hetu darzana kI AvazyakatA hai, antarAtmA kI jAgRti jarUrI hai aura antarmukhI bananA hotA hai| bAhara se mitra banAne kA icchuka pradarzana kI jarUrata mahasUsa karatA hai, bahirAtmA banA rahatA hai aura bahirmukhI banatA hai| jainadarzana meM 'appA kattA vikattA yA suhANa ya duhANa ya' kahakara hamAre puruSArtha ko antarmukhI karane para bala diyA hai| antarmukhI banane meM darzana-zAstra sahAyatA karate haiM, isase yaha puSTa hotA hai ki sva-svAtantrya 'upAdeya' hai| bahirmukhI banane kI paratantratA heya' hai| para-padArthoM kI parAdhInatA se grasita pradarzana ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| AcArya-RSiyoM kA spaSTa nirdeza hai ki hamArA puruSArtha antarmukhI banAkara Atma- svatantratA kI dizA meM honA cAhiye, hameM paratantratA to Izvara kI bhI svIkArya nhiiN| (jainadarzana Izvara ke jagatkartRva ko nahIM mAnatA hai|) pudgala Asakti-pradhAna bahirmukhI-vRtti hamArA lakSya nahIM hai| hama AtmavAn baneM yA AtmaghAtI --yaha hamArI vRttiyoM ke antarmukhI yA bahirmukhI 0062 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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banane para nirbhara karatA hai| yadi hamane apane puruSArtha ko sAMsArika acetana padArthoM ke saMgraha aura pradarzana meM lagAyA, to hama AtmaghAtI ho jAe~ge aura yadi hamane apanA puruSArtha pRthvI-jala-teja-vAyU-vanaspati evaM trasa-jIvoM ke caitanya saMrakSaNa meM lagAyA, to hama AtmavAn bana skeNge| caitanya ke mahattva kA pratipAdaka darzana-zAstra hameM antarmukhI banAtA hai aura jar3a-padArthoM kA pradarzana hameM bahirmukhI banAtA hai| asaMyama se nivRtti aura saMyama meM pravRtti hameM antarmukhI banAtI hai| saMyama se nivRtti aura asaMyama meM pravRtti hameM bahirmukhI banAtI hai| sAMsArika-vastuoM ke saMgraha se utthAna saMbhava nahIM hai| sAMsArika-vastuoM ke utpAda-vyaya- dhrauvyAtmaka svarUpa ko samajhakara vastuoM ke visarjanapUrvaka-tyAga se utthAna saMbhava hai| vijetA banane kA artha pudgala kA pradarzana yA bahirdRSTi nahIM hai, apitu vijetA banane kA artha hai -AtmadRSTi yA antardRSTivAlA honaa| Aja mAnava pratikUla paristhitiyoM ko badalane ke liye athaka-puruSArtha karatA hai aura ADambarapUrNa pradarzana kara apane ahaM kI tuSTi karatA hai; kintu Aja AvazyakatA hai ki mAnava mana:sthiti ko badale, bahirdRSTi se antardRSTi kara le| nityaprati bAhya-sukha sAdhanoM kI vRddhi se utsAhita mAnava bAhya-sukha kI prApti-hetu prayAsarata rahatA hai| bAhya-sukha duHkhamizrita hote haiM; ata: padArthoM kI prApti aura saMgraha se mAnava sukha kA anavarata anubhava karane meM saphala nahIM hotA, punaH prayAsa karatA hai, punaH asaphala hotA hai aura yaha krama usakI icchAoM kI pUrti nahIM hone meM pratiphalita hote haiN| isIliye bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA- "icchA hu AgAsa samA annNtiyaa|" Aja AvazyakatA hai ki mAnava AvazyakatA aura icchA ke antara ko samajheM aura bAhya sAdhana-sAmagrI, yahA~ taka ki zarIra ko bhI caitanya-AtmA ke anubhava meM sahAyaka bane. aisI antarmukhI jIvanacaryA dvArA svayaM ko sukhI banAveM / bAhya- padArthoM, sAdhana-suvidhAoM kA mahattva mAtra utanA hI hai, jitanA ve antarmukhI-vRtti banane meM sahAyaka hoN| ____ bAhya-padArtha meM sukha nahIM hai, inameM pariNAma-tApa-saMskAra du:kha avinAbhAvI haiM; ata: ye duHkharUpa hI haiN| sukha anubhUti kA viSaya hai, jo rAgarahita hone para apanI AtmA ke darzana se prasphuTita hotA hai|' ___ hamArA upayoga tabhI sahI hogA, jaba hamArI AtmA kA pariNAma caitanyAnuvidhAyI hogaa| caitanya ke sAtha ekatAnatA honA hI upayoga hai| yaha caitanyamAtra maiM hU~ -- aisI astitvaikya kI anubhUti upayoga hai| __ Adhunika bhautika-yuga meM hamArA upayoga (AtmA kA pariNAma) jar3apadArthAna vidhAyI ho rahA hai| jar3apadArtha- ghara, sampatti, sAdhana, zarIra Adi meM ahaM pratIti karanA ki yaha merA ghara, merI sampatti, mere sAdhana, merA zarIra Adi haiM', yaha hama jar3a-padArthoM ke sAtha eka astitva yA ekatAnatA kA anubhava karane lage haiM; isaliye jar3a-padArthoM meM ahaM-pratIti prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara '2002 0063

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kI puSTi-heta pradarzana karate haiN| yaha para-pariNAma jar3a hai aura AtmA cetana, ata: virodhI- astitvoM kI ekatAnatA ke prayAsa meM vyakti saMklezita hotA hai aura ajJAnavaza aura adhika bahirmukhI banatA calA jAtA hai aura apane svAbhAvika AtmaguNoM se vaMcita ho jAtA hai| yaha bhaTakana manuSya ko azAnta banA detI hai, isaliye AcAryadeva kA kathana hai ki hameM darzanazAstra kA anuzIlana kara antarmukhI bananA caahiye| zAstra zAnta banAtA hai aura pradarzana ashaant| / __ pradarzana para padArthoM kI adhInatA svIkAra karane para majabUra karatA hai, jisase AtmasvatantratA Ahata hotI hai| pradarzana anAtma-padArthoM meM Atmabhrama utpanna kara moha bar3hAtA hai, jisase adhogati ke andhakUpa meM giranA par3atA hai| pradarzana se bahirmukhI-vRtti kA prasAra hotA hai aura pradarzanakArI 'bahirAtmA' banA rahatA hai| pradarzanakArI prazaMsA sunane-hetu Atura rahatA hai; ata: Akula-vyAkula rahatA hai| pradarzana to parapadArtha yA jar3apadArtha kA hI ho sakatA hai, AtmA yA cetana kA nahIM; ata: pradarzana kadApi svastha nahIM bnaataa| darzana sUkSma, vyavahita aura viprakRSTa kA bodha karAne kI sAmartha rakhatA hai ata: hameM darzana ke mahattva ko aMgIkAra kara darzanazAstra kA adhyayana karanA caahiye| sRSTi badale yA na badale, hameM apanI dRSTi badalanI cAhiye, bahirmukhI se antarmukhI karanI cAhiye, jar3a kI pakar3a ko chor3akara jIvamAtra ke caitanya kA darzana karanA cAhiye tabhI pradarzana kI vyarthatA svata: jJAta ho jAegI aura taba krodha ko kSamA se, mAna ko mArdava se, mAyA ko Arjava se aura lobha ko saMyama se jItakara vRtti-parimArjana kara lenA caahiye| hamArI dRSTi meM jaba vizva kA pUrA pariveza, jala-pRthvI-agni-vAyu-vanaspati sabhI cetana naz2ara Ane lagegA, taba hama usake prati saMvedanazIla baneMge aura inake liye saMbhAvita yuddha yA hiMsA se baca skeNge| jaba sarvatra pariveza meM cetana para dRSTipAta hogA, hameM koI hamane bhinna naz2ara nahIM AegA, taba hama dUsaroM ke hanana meM apanA hanana dekheMge aura hiMsA se baca skeNge| yaha darzanazAstra kA antarmukhIkaraNa hogaa| grantha-sUcI 1. 'NivvudikAmo rAgaM savvattha kuNadu mA kiNci|'--pNcaastikaay, gAthA 172 2. 'AtmanazcaitanyAnuvidhAyI pariNAma upyog:|'-amRtcndr TIkA, paMcAstikAya, gAthA 40% bhrAnti kA jagad-rupa 'mRgatRSNAyAmudakaM, zuktau rajataM bhujaMgamo rjvaaN| taimirika caMdrayugmavat, bhrAMtamakhilaM jagadrUpam / / -(mahAbhASya, 4, pRSTha 19) artha :- mRgatRSNA meM jala kA bhrama, sIpa meM cA~dI kA bhrama, rassI meM sA~pa kA bhrama evaM taimirika meM caMdrayugma (do candramA) kA bhrama hotA hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki isa saMsAra kA svarUpa hI bhrAMtimaya hai| 0064 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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jJAna aura viveka -DaoN. vIrasAgara jaina 'jJAna' aura 'viveka' -ye do zabda aise haiM jo Upara-Upara se dekhane para samAna artha vAle pratIta hote haiM, kisI sthUla apekSA se inheM samAnArthaka kahA bhI jA sakatA hai, parantu sUkSmatA se dekhA jAye to vastuta: ye donoM zabda samAnArthaka nahIM haiM, inameM mahAn antara hai| ata: hameM inakA prayoga vivekapUrNa karanA caahiye| hamAre prAcIna AcAryoM ne bhI ina donoM zabdoM kA prayoga bahuta vivekapUrvaka kiyA hai| jahA~ jo upayukta hai, vahA~ usI kA prayoga kiyA hai| vyAkaraNazAstra ke anusAra 'jJAna' zabda 'jJA' dhAtu se banA hai jisakA artha haijaannaa| kintu 'viveka' zabda 'vic' dhAtu se banA hai, jisakA artha pRthakbhAva hotA hai--bheda karanA hotA hai; vibhajanaM viveka: / "jJAyate'neneti jJAnaM", kintu "vivicyate'neneti vivekH|" - arthAt jJAna kA kArya mAtra jAnanA hai, parantu viveka kA kArya mAtra jAnanA nahIM apitu heya-upAdeya, sva-para Adi kA bheda jAna nA hai| yathA--sva-para-viveka, nIra-kSIra-viveka' ityAdi prayoga lokapracalita bhI haiN| inameM 'viveka' ke sthAna para 'jJAna' zabda kA prayoga upayukta nahIM hai| AcAryoM ne kahA hai "cijjaDayorbhedavijJAnaM vivekH|" arthAt cetana va acetana kA bhedavijJAna hI viveka hai| mokSamArga meM isI viveka kI upayogitA hai, kore jJAna kI nhiiN| adhyAtmapremI kavivara paM. daulatarAma bhI devastuti' meM likhate haiM:__ "tuma guNa cintata nija-para-viveka / pragaTai vighaTeM Apada anek||" arthAt he jinendradeva ! Apake guNoM ke ciMtana sva-para-viveka prakaTa hotA hai aura usI se aneka ApattiyA~ dUra hotI haiN| tAtparya yahI hai ki sukha-zAnti kA kAraNa vibeka hai, jJAna nhiiN| yadyapi zAstroM meM aneka sthAnoM para jJAna ko bhI sukha kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai, parantu vaha dhana-kana-kaMcanAdi bhautika parapadArthoM se dhyAna haTAne ke lie hI kahA gayA hai ki he jIva ! tU dhanAdi parapadArthoM ko sukha kA kAraNa mAna rahA hai, para vAstava meM ve saba sukha prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0065

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ke kAraNa nahIM haiM, sukha kA kAraNa to mAtra jJAna hI hai| yathA "dhana kana kaMcana rAjasukha sabahi sulabha kara jAna / durlabha hai saMsAra meM, eka yathAratha jJAna / / " --(mahAkavi bhUdharadAsa, bAraha bhAvanA) . parantu yadi jAnanA mAtra sukha kA kAraNa ho, to nahIM jAnanA' du:kha kA kAraNa ThaharegA, jo nyAyasaMgata nahIM hai, asatya hai| AcAryakalpa paM. ToDaramala bhI apane 'mokSamArgaprakAzaka meM likhate haiM___ "yadi jAnanA na honA du:kha kA kAraNa ho, to pudgala ke bhI duHkha Thahare; parantu duHkha kA mUlakAraNa to icchA hai aura icchA kSayopazama se hotI hai; isalie kSayopazama ko du:kha kA kAraNa kahA hai| paramArtha se kSayopazama bhI du:kha kA kAraNa nahIM hai|" adhyAtmazAstroM meM bhI isIlie jise mAtra jJAna ho use 'jJAnI' nahIM kahate haiM, apitu jise sva-para-bhedavijJAna ho - viveka ho, use hI 'jJAnI' kahate haiN| jJAna aura viveka ke antara ko samajhane ke lie eka yukti yaha bhI hai ki zAstroM meM jJAna ke matijJAnAdi bheda kiye haiN| vicAra karanA cAhie ki kyA unheM hama viveka ke ATha bheda hote haiM'- aisA kaha sakate haiM? yadi nahIM. to avazya hI 'jJAna' aura 'viveka' meM mahAn antara hai| sArAMzata: hameM samajhanA cAhie ki viveka hI (sva-para-bhedavijJAna) hI sukha kA kAraNa hai, mokSamArga hai aura upAdeya hai| Aja taka jitane bhI jIva sukhI (siddha) huye haiM ve saba eka sva-para-bhedavijJAna se hI huye haiM aura jitane bhI saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karate huye du:kha uThA rahe haiM, ve saba isa sva-para-bhedavijJAna ke abhAva ke kAraNa hii| kahA bhI gayA hai ki- "bhedavijJAnata: siddhA: siddhA: ye kila kecan / asyaivAbhAvato baddhA: baddhA: ye kila kecan / / " -(AcArya amRtacandra, AtmakhyAti-kalaza) 1. zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI ke vyAkaraNa-vibhAga ke vidvAn prAdhyApaka DaoN. jayakAnta zarmA ne mujhe 'viveka' zabda kI niSpatti isaprakAra samajhAI hai--"vivicyate'neneti viveka: / vivinakti satyAsatyaM yathArthAyathArtha kAryAkArya grAhyAgrAhyayamiti vA vivekaH / 'vi' upasargAd 'vic' dhAto: ghaJ pratyaye anubandhalope 'cajo kuH ghiNyato:' iti sUtreNa kutve guNe ca iti 'viveka' shbd-nisspttiH|" isakA abhiprAya hai ki jo satya aura asatya, yathArtha aura ayathArtha, kArya aura akArya athavA grAhya aura agrAhya kA bheda batAtA hai vahI viveka hai| 'prAkRtavidyA' ke prastuta aMka ke mukha-pRSTha para citrita haMsa nIra-kSIra-viveka kA hI pratIka hai, sAmAnya-jJAna kA nhiiN| 0066 . . . prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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prAcIna sabhyatA rotI hai karNadhAroM para bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmasthalI aura smAraka kI ghora upekSA deza kI prAcIna sabhyatA aura saMskRti para zodha kAryoM ke lie cAra dazaka pUrva prajAtaMtra kI janmasthalI bihAra ke vaizAlI meM sthApita 'prAkRta jaina evaM ahiMsA zodha saMsthAna tathA jainadharma ke 24veM tIrthakara bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmasthalI 'bAsokuNDa grAma' aura unakA smAraka sthala sarakAra kI upekSA ke calate badahAlI kA daMza jhela rahA hai| AdhikArika sUtroM ne batAyA ki vittIya saMkaTa, badahAlI aura anya samasyAoM se grasta isa saMsthAna kA | kise samajha hai vaizAlI kI / vikAsa kara ise svarUpa | vaizAlI meM prAkata jaina evaM ahiMsA zodha | pradAna kie jAne ke lie rAjya sarakAra ne varSa | saMsthAna aura 24veM tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra | 1997 meM isakA adhigrahaNa kie jAne kA | kI janmasthalI aura smAraka ko bhUla gae| eka prastAva kendra sarakAra ke mAnava / unake anuyAyI aura sattA bhogii| saMsAdhana maMtrAlaya ko bhejA thA, lekina pA~ca varSa bIta jAne ke bAda bhI adhigrahaNa kI nirdhArita prakriyA abhI taka zuru bhI nahIM kI jA skii| isI prakAra isa saMsthAna ke nikaTa sthita jainadharma ke 24veM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmasthalI 'bAsokaNDa grAma' tathA vahA~ sthita unake smAraka sthala ke vikAsa ke lie pichale varSa kendra sarakAra dvArA svIkRta 12 karor3a 43 lAkha rupae kI lAgata vAlI pariyojanA para bhI Aja taka koI kArya prAraMbha nahIM kiyA jA sakA hai, jabaki prathama-caraNa meM kArya zurU karane ke lie 9 karor3a 43 lAkha rupae kI dhanarAzi bhI AvaMTita kara dI gaI thii| sUtroM ne batAyA ki deza ke prathama rASTrapati DaoN. rAjendra prasAda ne isa saMsthAna kI sthApanA 23 apraila, 1956 ko sthAnIya logoM dvArA dAna meM dI gaI 14 ekar3a jamIna meM kI thii| isake bAda varSa 1984 meM bihAra ke tatkAlIna rAjyapAla DaoN. e.Ara. kidavaI ne 32 lAkha rupae kI lAgata para banane vAle eka aMtarrASTrIya chAtrAvAsa-bhavana kA zilAnyAsa saMsthAna-parisara meM hI kiyA thA, lekina zilAnyAsa ke bAda isake nirmANa kArya ke lie kisI bhI prakAra kA dhanarAzi kA AvaMTana nahIM kie jAne se Aja taka isakA nirmANa prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0067

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kArya zurU taka nahIM kiyA jA sakA hai| sUtroM ne batAyA ki rAjya sarakAra dvArA hara sAla mAtra cAra lAkha rupae kI rAzi isa saMsthAna ke kAmakAja ke lie sahAyatA ke rUpa meM upalabdha karAI jAtI hai| yaha rAzi itanI aparyApta hai ki isase saMsthAna meM zodhakArya kI vyavasthA karanA saMbhava nahIM hai| isake kAraNa yaha saMsthAna pichale 42 varSoM se gaMbhIra Arthika samasyA ke alAvA anya kaThinAiyoM se jUjha rahA hai tathA yahA~ zodhakArya bhI prAya: Thappa haiN| rASTrIya janatA dala' ke saMsadIya dala' ke netA aura vaizAlI ke sAMsada DaoN. raghuvaMza prasAda siMha ne batAyA ki kendra-sarakAra dvArA svIkRta pariyojanA ke tahata bAsIkuMDa-grAma meM sthita zilAnyAsa-smAraka-sthala para bhagavAn mahAvIra kI caudaha phITa U~cI eka AkarSaka aura bhavya mUrti kI sthApanA ke alAvA pahu~ca-patha, sabhAbhavana, dhyAna-kendra, sAdhu-AvAsagRha Adi kA nirmANa karAyA jaaegaa| sUtroM ne batAyA ki vittIya saMkaTa se utpanna badahAlI tathA anya avyavasthAoM ke calate deza ke vibhinna pradezoM se saMsthAna meM Ane vAle chAtroM kI saMkhyA nAmamAtra kI raha gaI hai| sAtha hI videzoM se chAtroM kA AnA pichale kaI varSoM se baMda hai| saMsthAna ke zikSakoM ke lie AvAsIya suvidhA, peyajala, bijalI, yAtAyAta, cikitsA aura surakSA sameta anya suvidhAoM kA bhI abhAva hai| saMsthAna meM prAdhyApaka ke kula dasa sRjita padoM meM adhikAMza-pada rikta par3e haiN| isake alAvA saMsthAna ke prati chAtroM kA ghaTate AkarSaNa kA mukhya-kAraNa isakI chAtravRtti-rAzi kA kama honA hai| vizvavidyAlaya anudAna Ayoga' dvArA zodhachAtroM ko 16 sau se 22 sau rupae taka kI mAsika chAtravRtti dI jAtI hai, jabaki isa saMsthAna ke zodhachAtroM ko yaha chAtravRtti mAtra tIna sau rupae mAsika dI jAtI hai| sUtroM ne batAyA ki prAraMbha meM vaizAlI zodha saMsthAna' meM zodha aura par3hAI ke lie deza ke alAvA viyatanAma, thAIlaiMDa, barmA aura zrIlaMkA Adi dezoM ke chAtra Ate the| varSa 1983 meM bhI viyatanAma ke cAra chAtra adhyayana ke lie Ae the; paraMtu saMsthAna meM aMgrejI ke prAdhyApaka nahIM rahane ke kAraNa ina chAtroM kA nAmAMkana nahIM kiyA jA sakA thaa| isa saMsthAna se aba taka 150 chAtra ema.e., 36 chAtra pI.eca.DI. aura DI. liTa kara cuke haiN| sUtroM ne batAyA ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa-samAroha ke avasara para bhArata sarakAra ne varSa 1972 meM isa saMsthAna ke chAtrAvAsa ke nirmANa ke lie do lAkha pacAsa hajAra rupae tathA 'mahAvIra smAraka' ke vikAsa ke lie bhI itanI hI dhanarAzi pradAna kI thI, lekina Aja taka isa para kArya prAraMbha nahIM kie jA sake aura na hI dhanarAzi kA hI koI patA hai| sUtroM ke anusAra saMsthAna ke lie bhUmidAna dene vAloM meM yAkUba miyAM ne 20 Disamila, dahAUra pAsavAna ne 40 Disamila aura mahAvIra pAsavAna ne 72 Disamila jamIna dAna meM dI hai| ___isameM sukhada Azcarya kI bAta to yaha hai ki ina bhUmidAtAoM meM se koI bhI jaina-dharmAvalambI nahIM hai| -(vArtA, hAjIpura samAcAra-ejeMsI dvArA prakAzita sAmagrI kI sAbhAra prastuti) ** 0068 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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jaina-paramparA meM AcAryatva -DaoN. sudIpa jaina jaina-paramparA meM 'AcArya' zabda 'bahuAyAmI arthoM meM pracalita rahA hai| jahA~ paMca-parameSThI ke rUpa meM tRtIya-parameSThI kA vAcaka yaha zabda mUlata: mAnA gayA, vahIM zramaNoM aura zrAvakoM meM AcArya-parameSThI ke atirikta anya-zramaNoM aura zrAvakoM ke liye bhI 'AcArya' kI upAdhi prayukta huI hai| itanA vizeSa hai ki unameM 'AcArya' zabda ke pahale kucha aura bhI jur3A huA hotA hai| zramaNoM meM jahA~ elAcArya, bAlAcArya, niryApakAcArya Adi ke vargIkaraNa milate haiM, vahIM zrAvakoM meM pratiSThAcArya, vidhAnAcArya evaM gRhasthAcArya Adi padoM kA ullekha jaina-paramparA meM prApta hotA hai| Adhunika-kAla meM to zaikSika-vyavasthA meM snAtakottara-upAdhi ko hI 'AcArya'-saMjJA dI jAne lagI hai, aura vizvavidyAlayoM ke prophesarsa ko bhI hindI meM 'AcArya' hI kahA gayA hai, kucha loga to vaMza-paramparAgata rUpa se 'AcArya' ko upanAma kI taraha prayoga karane lage haiN| tathA zilpa-zAstra Adi ke vizeSajJoM ko bhI 'AcArya' kahA jAtA hai| ___ yaha dekhA jAtA hai ki zreSThatA ke pratIka 'AcArya' kI upAdhi kA prayoga Aja bahuta se loga yAdRcchikarUpa se karane lage haiM, tathA inameM se kisa zreNI ke AcArya kI kyA anivArya yogyatA hai, tathA vaha upAdhi kisa stara para prayoga kI jA sakatI hai?- isakA viveka prAya: loga nahIM karate haiN| sAtha hI yaha bhI eka viDambanApUrNa-sthiti hai ki svayaM kArya kisI pada ke anurUpa kara rahe haiM, aura apane ko aura adhika U~ce pada kA prayoga loga karate rahate haiN| isake sAtha yaha bhI dekhA jA rahA hai ki jo loga jisa zreNI ke AcAryatva ke liye kadApi upayukta nahIM haiM, ve bhI behicaka usa zreNI kA AcAryatva niSpAdita kara rahe haiM, tathA samAja ko isa bAre meM koI jAnakArI na hone ke kAraNa vaha saba kucha A~kha baMda karake vinamrabhAva se svIkAra kara rahI hai| samAja kI yaha vinamratA anApatti ke yogya ho sakatI hai, kintu ayogya-vyakti ke dvArA zreSTha-kArya ko AcAra-vicAra kI pavitratA evaM apekSita-jJAna ke binA karane se usa kArya kI garimA kI surakSA para nizcitarUpa se praznacihna laga jAtA hai| ata: yahA~ para jaina-paramparA meM prApta hone vAle vibhinna prakAra ke AcAryoM kA saMkSipta paricaya aura vartamAna-sthiti kA samAMkalana prastuta karane kI ceSTA kI jA rahI hai| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0069

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zramaNa-paramparA ke AcArya zramaNa-paramparA meM paMca-parameSThI ke rUpa meM jina AcAryoM kI gaNanA huI hai, ve muniyoM ke 28 mUlaguNoM ke atirikta jo AcArya-parameSThI ke 36 guNoM se samanvita saMghanAyaka hote haiM, aise saMghapati 'AcArya' kahalAte haiN| inake atirikta saMgha meM jyotiSa Adi vividha-viSayoM ke vizeSajJa AcArya bhI hote haiM, jinheM unake viSayoM ke anusAra 'AcArya' kahA jAtA hai| isa saMghIya vyavasthA ke anya-AcAryoM ko 'AcArya-parameSThI' ke rUpa meM mAnyatA nahIM milatI hai| inake sAtha hI elAcArya, bAlAcArya aura niryApakAcArya kA bhI ullekha zramaNoM meM milatA hai, arthAt ye saba bhI nirgrantha-zramaNa hI hote haiM; kintu ye AcArya-parameSThI ke rUpa meM parigaNita nahIM hai| inakA saMkSipta zAstrIya-paricaya nimnAnusAra hai'elAcArya' kA lakSaNa anuguro: pazcAddizati vidhatte caraNakramamityanudik elAcAryastasmai vidhinaa| -(bhagavatI ArAdhanA/mUla 177/395) arthAt guru ke pazcAt jo muni cAritra kA krama muni aura AryikAdikoM ko kahatA hai, usako 'anudiza' arthAt 'elAcArya' kahate haiN| 'bAlAcArya kA lakSaNa kAlaM saMbhAvidA savvagaNamaNadisaM ca bAhariyaM / soma-tihi-karaNa-Nakkhatta-vilagge maMgalAgAse / / gacchANupAlaNatyaM Ahoiya attaguNasamaM bhikkhuu| to tammi gaNavisaggaM appakahAe kuNadi dhoro|| _ -(bhagavatI ArAdhanA/mUla 273-274) arthAt apanI Ayu abhI kitanI rahI hai? -isakA vicArakara tadanantara apane ziSya-samudAya ko apane sthAna meM jisakI sthApanA kI hai, aise bAlAcArya ko bulAkara saumya-tithi, karaNa, nakSatra aura lagna ke samaya zubha-pradeza meM, apane guNa ke samAna jisake guNa haiM, aise ve bAlAcArya apane gaccha kA pAlana karane ke yogya haiM --aisA vicArakara usa para apane gaNa ko visarjita karate haiM arthAt apanA pada chor3akara sampUrNa-gaNa ko bAlAcArya ke lie chor3a dete haiN| arthAt bAlAcArya hI yahA~ se usa gaNa (saMgha) kA AcArya samajhA jAtA hai| usa samaya pUrva-AcArya usa bAlAcArya ko thor3A-sA upadeza bhI dete haiN| 'niryApakAcArya kA lakSaNa samAdhimaraNa-prasaMga meM jo madadagAra hote haiM, yA chinna-saMyama kA zodhana karake jo chedopasthApaka hote haiM, unheM 'niryApaka' kahate haiN| niryApana meM jo anubhavI yA pradhAna hote haiM unheM 'niryApakAcArya' kahate haiN| 00 70 prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara '2002

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zrAvakoM meM AcArya ___ zrAvakoM meM bhI yoM to aneka prakAra ke AcAryoM kA ullekha milatA hai, kintu unameM se mukhya tIna haiM- 1. pratiSThAcArya , 2. vidhAnAcArya aura 3. gRhasthAcArya / zAstroM meM ina tInoM prakAra ke AcAryoM kA jo paricaya prApta hotA hai, vaha saMkSepata: nimnAnusAra hai'pratiSThAcArya' kA lakSaNa desa-kula-jAi-suddho Niruvama-aMgo visuddhsmmtto| paDhamANioga-kusalo paiTThAlakkhaNa-vihi-vidaNNU / / sAvaya-guNovavedI uvaasyjjhynn-stth-thirbuddhii| evaM guNo paiTThAirio jiNasAsaNe bhnnido|| _ -(vasunandi zrAvakAcAra, 388-389) artha :- jo deza, kula aura jAti se zuddha ho, nirupama-aMga kA dhAraka ho, vizuddhasamyagdRSTi ho, prathamAnuyoga meM kuzala ho, pratiSThA kI lakSaNa-vidhi kA jAnakAra ho, zrAvaka ke guNoM se yukta ho, upAsakAdhyayana (zrAvakAcAra) zAstra meM sthirabuddhi ho, - isaprakAra ke guNavAlA jinazAsana meM 'pratiSThAcArya' kahA gayA hai| syAdvAda-vidyA meM nipuNa, zuddha-uccAraNavAlA, Alasyarahita, svastha, kriyA-kuzala, dayA- dAna-zIlavAn, indriyavijayI, deva-guru-bhakta, zAstrajJa, dharmopadezaka, kSamAvAn, rAjAdimAnya, vratI, dUradarzI, zaMkA-samAdhAnakartA, sadbrAhmaNa yA uttama-kulavAlA, AtmajJa, jinadharmAnuyAyI, guru se maMtra-zikSA prApta, haviSyAnna (ghRtamizrita caru-bhAta-zabdaratnAkara koza va ApTe ke kozAnusAra) kA bhojana karanevAlA rAtribhojana kA tyAgI, nidrAvijayI, ni:spRha, paraduHkhahartA, vidhijJa aura upasargahartA pratiSThAcArya hotA hai| lobhI, krodhI, saMskRta-vyAkaraNa se anabhijJa aura azAMta pratiSThAcArya tyAjya hai| pratiSThAcArya kI yogyatA anUcAna: zrotriyazca pratiSThAcArya AzrayaH / samAvRtta: prADvivAka: samAcAryAdinAmayuk / 2551 syAdvAdadhuryo'kSaradoSavettA nirAlaso rogavihInadehaH / prAya: prakartA dama-dAna-zIlo jitendriyo deva-guru-pramANa: / 256 / zAstrArtha-sampatti-vidIrNavAdo dharmopadeza-praNaya: kSamAvAn / rAjAdimAnyo nayayogabhAjI tapovratAnuSThita-pUtadehaH / 2571 pUrvanimittAdyanumApako'rtha-saMdehahArI yajanaikacitta: / sadbrAhmaNo brahmavidAMvariSTho jinakadharmA gurudattamantraH / 258 / bhuktvA haviSyAnnamarAtribhojI nidrAM vijetuM vihito yamazca / gataspRho bhaktiparAtmaduHkha-prahANaye siddhamanurvidhijJaH / 259 / prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0071

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kulakramAyAta-suvidyayA ya: prAptopasarga parihartumIza: / so'yaM pratiSThAvidhiSu prayoktA zlAghyo'nyathA doSavatI prtisstthaa| 2601 zAstrAnabhijJaM kulavAvadUkaM lobhAnalapluSTamazAntazIlaM / paramparAzUnyamapArthasArtha dUrAttyajantu prnnidhaannisstthaaH| 261 / prayoktRvAkyaM na hi manyamAno lobhaadisNcaarkRtaapmaanH| prApnotyanarthaM guruvAgviruddhaH ihAnyata: zvabhramadabhraduHkhaM / 262 / artha :- anUcAna arthAt aMgasahita-pravacana kA jJAtA ho, zrutazraddhAnI ho, hastakriyA meM dakSa ho, dharmopadeza karane meM catura ho, sakRdbhojI ho, zreSThakulI ho, akSaradoSoM ko pahicAnanevAlA ho, nirAlasI ho, jitendriya ho, deva-zAstra-guru ko pramANa mAnanevAlA ho, zAstrArtha meM nipuNa ho, kSamAvAn ho. rAjAdi se mAnya ho, vratI ho, nimittajJAnI ho, mantra-vidhi kA jJAtA ho, sahanazIla ho; -- ina guNoM se sahita AcArya honA caahiye| ajAnakAra, dUSitakulI, azAntazIla, lobhI vyakti AcArya nahIM honA caahiye| AcArya ko yajamAna kI zakti aura abhiprAya ko acchI taraha se pahicAnakara kArya karanA caahiye| -('zrIpratiSThAvidhAnasaMgraha', pRSTha 59) deza-jAti-kulAcAraiH zreSTho dakSa: sulakSaNa: / . tyAMgI vAgmI zuci: zuddhasamyaktva: sadvato yuvaa|| 33 / / shraavkaadhyyn-jyotirvaastushaastr-puraannvit| nizcaya-vyavahArajJa: pratiSThAvidhivitprabhuH / / 34 / / vinIta: subhago maMdakaSAyo vijitendriyaH / / jinejyAdi-kriyAniSTho bhUrisattvArthabAMdhavaH / / 35 / / dRSTa-sRSTa-kriyo vArta: saMpUrNAMga: parArthakRt / varNI gRhI vA savRttirazUdro yAjako dhurAT / / 36 / / -(pratiSThAtilakaH', pRSTha 1) artha :- deza-jAti aura kula ke AcAroM meM zreSTha ho, nipuNa ho, sulakSaNavAlA ho, yuvA ho, zrAvakAdhyayana-jyotiSazAstra-vAstuzAstra evaM purANazAstra kA jJAtA ho, nizcaya-vyavahAra kA jJAnakAra ho, pratiSThAvidhi kA vettA ho, prabhu (AtmavazI) ho, vinIta ho, sundara aMgoMvAlA ho, maMdakaSAyavAlA ho, jitendriya ho, jinendrapUjA Adi kriyAoM meM niSThAvAn ho, prANImAtra kA baMdhu ho, dRSTa evaM sRSTa kriyAvAlA ho, 'vArta' ho, sampUrNa-aMgoM se yukta ho (vikalAMga na ho), paropakArI ho, varNI athavA gRhastha ho, sadAcArI ho, zUdravRtti na ho, tathA prabhAvAn ho --aisA vyakti 'yAjaka' (pratiSThAcArya) kahalAtA hai| vidhAnAcArya kA lakSaNa deza-kAlAdi-bhAvajJo, nirmalo buddhimAn vrH| sadvANyAdi-guNopeto, yAjako'tra prshsyte||3|| 0072. prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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artha :- deza-kAla Adi ke bhAva ko jAnanevAlA, nirmala, buddhimAna, zreSTha, samIcIna-vANI Adi guNoM se yukta yAjaka' jinazAstra meM prazaMsA-yogya mAnA gayA hai| -('zrI siddhacakramaMDala vidhAna', pRSTha 1) . darzana-jJAna-cAritra-saMyuto mmtaatig:| prAjJa: praznasahazcAtra, guru: syAt zAntiniSThitaH / / artha :- samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra se saMyukta, mamatArahita, vidvAna, praznakartA evaM prazna kA Adara karanevAlA, krodharahita, zAntacitta vyakti vidhAnAcArya ke yogya kahA gayA hai| syAdvAda-dhuryo'kSaradoSavettA nirAlaso rogavihInadehaH / prAya: prakartA dama-dAna-zIlo jitendriyo deva-guru-pramANaH / / artha :- syAdvAda-vidyA meM pravINa, akSara se udAtta, sUkSma-doSoM ko jAnanevAlA, Alasya-rahita, nIrogI, kriyAkuzIla, damI, dAnI, zIlavAn, indriyavijetA, deva-zAstra-guru ko pramANa mAnanevAlA vyakti hI zreSTha-vidhAnAcArya kahalAtA hai| bAla nahIM hoya, nahIM vRddha, nahIM hIna aMga, krodhI kriyAhIna nahiM, mUrakha gniijiye| duSTa nahIM hoya, nahIM vyasana-virSe surata, pUjA-pATha bA~cane meM buddhisAra liijie|| dayAkari bhIgi rahyo hRdayakamala jAsa, sundara sarUpa pAya dAna sadA kiijiye| mIThe haiM vacana mukha akSara spaSTa kahai, gahai binai guru kI so 'paNDita' kahIjiye / / -(vRhad zrI siddhacakramaMDala vidhAna'. pRSTha 2-3) deza-kAla-vidhi-nipuNamati nirmalabhAva udaar| madhura-baina nainA-sughara so yAjaka nirdhaar|| _ . -(siddhacakravidhAna, santa lAla kavi) prathama vidhAnAcArya puruSa sajjAti samyaktvI ho| dezavratI zraddhAlu pApabhIru nirlobhI sudhI ho|| jyortivid ho maMtra-taMtravid vidhi-vidhAna kA jnyaanii| prabhAvanA karane kA icchuka bhvijn-hitkr-vaannii|| cAroM anuyogoM kA jJAtA vaktA-zreSTha kuzala ho| pUjA-jayamAlAoM ke arthoM kA upadezaka bhI vaha ho|| . Agama ke anukUla bolatA guru-upAsanA krtaa| aisA vidhAnakAraka vidvAn jagat meM zAMti krtaa|| -(kalpadruma vidhAna, AryikA jJAnamatI, pRSTha 2) gRhasthAcArya na niSiddhastadAdezo gRhiNAM vrtdhaarinnaam...| -(paMcAdhyAyI/uttarArdha 648) / arthAt vratI-gRhasthoM ko bhI AcAryoM ke samAna Adeza karanA niSiddha nahIM hai| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 1073

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arthAt ve bhI Adeza de sakate haiN| gRhasthAcArya ko AcArya kI bhA~ti dIkSA dI jAtI hai dIkSAcAryeNa dIkSeva dIyamAnAsti tatkriyA / - (paMcAdhyAyI / uttarArdha 648../) arthAt dIkSAcArya ke dvArA dI huI dIkSA ke samAna hI gRhasthAcAryoM kI kriyA hotI hai / avratI gRhasthAcArya nahIM ho sakatA na niSiddho yathAmnAyAdavratinAM manAgapi / hiMsakazcopadezo'pi nopayojyo'tra kAraNAt / / nUnaM proktopadezo'pi na rAgAya virAgiNAm rAgiNAmeva rAgAya tato'vazyaM niSedhitaH / / - (paMcAdhyAyI / uttarArdha 649, 652 ) arthAt Adeza evaM upadeza ke viSaya meM avratI - gRhasthoM ko jisaprakAra dUsare ke liye AmnAya ke anusAra thor3A-sA bhI upadeza karanA niSiddha nahIM hai, usIprakAra kisI bhI kAraNa se dUsare ke lie hiMsA kA upadeza denA ucita nahIM hai / nizcaya karake vItarAgiyoM kA pUrvokta upadeza denA bhI rAga ke lie nahIM hotA hai; kintu sarAgiyoM kA hI pUrvokta upadeza rAga ke lie hotA hai / isaliye rAgiyoM ko upadeza dene ke liye avazya niSedha kiyA hai / yadyapi inameM pratiSThAcArya, vidhAnAcArya evaM gRhasthAcArya ke lie prAyaza: samAna guNa - garimA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai; kintu yadi ye tInoM samAna hI hote, inake kAryakSetra va yogyatAoM meM koI antara nahIM hotA, to ye tIna alaga-alaga nAmakaraNa hI nahIM bane hote / jahA~ taka vizeSajJa AcAryoM evaM manISiyoM se samparka saMbhava ho sakA, maiMne isa jijJAsA kA samAdhAna unase puuchaa| unake kathanoM kA sAra-saMkSepa yahI pratIta huA ki jinabimba kI pratiSThA karAne ke liye vizeSa jJAnI. guNI, caritrasampanna, samAjazAstravettA, kuzala-vaktA, nispRha evaM niyojaka vyakti 'pratiSThAcArya' pada ke yogya hai| jo inameM kucha nyUna haiM, ve mAtra anya dhArmika vidhi-vidhAna ke lie upayukta hone ke kAraNa 'vidhAnAcArya ' kahe jAyeMge tathA zAdI-vivAha, gRhapraveza, dIpAvalI - pU~jana, khAtA- -muhUrta Adi laukika gRhasthAzrama ke prasaMgoM meM jaina vidhi-vidhAna ke anurUpa pUjA-anuSThAna Adi karAnevAle vidvAn ko 'gRhasthAcArya' kahA jAnA caahiye| ye vizeSata: do vyaktiyoM (vara-vadhU) ko brahmacarya se bAhara gRhasthajIvana meM praveza karAnevAle hone se 'pratiSThAcArya' evaM 'vidhAnAcArya' ke kAryoM ke liye upayukta nahIM pratIta hote haiM / vaise yaha viSaya paryApta manana-ciMtana evaM UhApohapUrvaka vicAraNIya, carcanIya hai; . kyoMki prAcIna zAstroM meM isa dizA meM koI vizeSa dizAnirdeza nahIM milatA tathA upAdhiyoM ke anurUpa kArya evaM vyaktitva meM vaiziSTya honA svAbhAvika hai / 00 74 prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara 2002

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vartamAna pariprekSya meM jainadharma-darzana ke ahiMsA-vicAra kI prAsaMgikatA . -sunIla kumAra siMha samparka sAhitya ke adhyayana ke AdhAra para ise asvIkArA nahIM jA sakatA ki jainadharma-darzana saMsAra kI prathama dhArmika saMsthA kA rUpa hai, jahA~ ahiMsA ke mUla naitika siddhAMta kI saMsthApanA kI gaI hai| 'dharma' zabda saMskRta ke 'dhR' dhAtu se vyutpanna hai| jisakA artha hotA hai-- dhAraNa karanA' (dhArayati iti sa dhrm:)| aba prazna hai ki kyA dhAraNa kiyA jAye. kyA dhAraNa karane yogya hai yA kise dhAraNa karanA hai? jainadharma ke anusAra vaise AcaraNa ko dhAraNa karanA hai jo ahiMsAmUlaka ho. yahI mAnava kA dharma hai| aisI lokokti hai ki 'jIvo jIvasya jIvanam / ' arthAt jIvoM kA jIvana paraspara nirbhara hai| parantu, jainadharma kI yaha dhAraNA hai ki 'parasparopagrahojIvAnAm' arthAt jIvoM kA astitva paraspara nirbhara hai| isI dhAraNAvaza ahiMsA ko davI svarUpa' mAnate huye 'praznavyAkaraNasUtra' meM kahA gayA hai ki bhayabhItoM ko jaise bhojana, samudra ke madhya jaise jahAja, rogiyoM ko jaise auSadhi aura vana meM jaise sArthavAha kA sAtha AdhArabhUta hai; vaise hI ahiMsA prANiyoM ke liye AdhArabhUta hai|' isI bhAvanA ke AdhAra para sabhI arhat upadeza karate haiM ki kisI bhI prANI ko kisI bhI prakAra kA paritApa, udvega yA dukha: nahIM denA hI zuddha, nitya evaM zAzvata dharma hai|' ___ jainadarzana eka yathArthavAdI darzana hai, jo mAnava evaM usakI bhavitavyatA kI vyAkhyA ko yathArthavAdI dharAtala para upasthita karatA hai| yahA~ anubhavAtIta sattA kA koI sthAna nahIM hai aura na hI Izvara ke astitva ko svIkArane yA siddha karane kI hI AvazyakatA samajhI gaI hai| jaina vicAra-paramparA meM karma evaM punarjanma meM vizvAsa kiyA gayA hai aura yaha mAnA gayA hai ki jIva apane karmoM evaM saMskAroM ke anusAra hI zarIra dhAraNa karatA hai| yahA~ yaha mAnA gayA hai ki vAnaspata-jagat se mAnava-jagat taka ke sabhI jIvita prANiyoM ke andara cetanA hai; lekina manuSya meM yaha cetanA vikasita-avasthA meM hone se vaha pUre brahmANDa meM sabase adhika gatizIla aura kSamatAoM se yukta prANI hai| isake andara eka prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0075

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jIva (yA AtmA) hai jo ananta-catuSTaya (anantajJAna, anantadarzana, anantazakti tathA anantasukha) yukta hai tathA jo zArIrika mRtyu ke sAtha nahIM mrtaa| manuSya kI vartamAnasthiti bandhana kI sthiti hai| yaha sthiti pudgaloM se saMbaMdhita hai, jahA~ jIva ne apanA maulika svarUpa kho diyA hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra jIva yA AtmA kA manuSya ke zarIra ke sAtha eka nirantara saMbaMdha hI manuSya ke baMdhana kA kAraNa hai| ajJAnatA ke kAraNa manuSya vAsanA kA dAsa banakara nAnAprakAra ke karma karatA hai| isI karma-pudgala se AcchAdita hokara jIva janma-janmAntara meM kaSTa bhogatA rahatA hai| isaprakAra manuSya apane bIte hue karmoM kA utpAda hai| kintu, jainadarzana mAnatA hai ki karma karane meM manuSya ko vicAroM kI svataMtratA (Freedom of will) bhI prApta hai, jisake kAraNa vaha apane ko nizcita kara sakatA hai| manuSya karma karane ke lie svataMtra hai tathA vaha jo kucha bhI apane ko banA pAtA hai, vaha usakI apanI dena hai| jainadarzana kI yaha svIkArokti AdhunikaastitvavAda kI purogAmI pratIta hotI hai| ___ yadyapi jainadarzana ghoSitarUpa meM anIzvaravAdI-darzana hai; kintu yahA~ Izvara ko rUr3ha artha meM na lekara usakI avadhAraNA kA vikAsa manuSya kI avadhAraNA ke sAtha hotA hai| manuSya apanI asIma-saMbhAvanAoM ke sAtha karma karatA huA janma-punarjanma kI nirantara kar3I se mukta ho sakatA hai aura una sAre guNoM ko prApta kara sakatA hai, jo eka pUrNa Izvara ke lie varNita hai| isaprakAra manuSya kA IzvarIkaraNa hI mAnava prayAsoM kA lakSya hai, usakI bhavivyatA hai| mAnava-AtmA kA Aloka karma-pudgalajanita kaNoM se AcchAdita hone ke kAraNa DhaMkA hotA hai, yahI usakA bandhana hai| manuSya apane prayAsoM se ina pudgala-janita bAdhAoM ko dUra kara ananta-catuSTayarUpa pUrNatA ko prApta kara sakatA hai| isake lie saMvara dvArA jIva kI ora naye pudgala ke Asrava ko rokanA evaM nirjarA dvArA purAne pudgala kA kSaya honA Avazyaka hai| sabhI karma-pudgaloM kA Atyantika-kSaya hI mokSa hai| jaisA ki 'sarvadarzana-saMgraha' meM kahA gayA hai 'AmravobhavahetuH syAt saMvaro mokSakAraNam / itIyamArhatI dRSTiranyadasya: prapaMcanam / / " jainadharma meM saMvara aura nirjarA ke lie vizeSa rAste prastuta kiye gaye haiMsamyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura smykcaaritr| jainadharma ke ye 'triratna' mokSa-prApti ke mArga mAne gaye haiN| jaina adhyAtma-mArga ke pathika ko jaina-tIrthakaroM dvArA pratipAdita siddhAMtoM evaM tattvoM kA yathArthajJAna tathA unake prati pragAr3ha zraddhA-rakhate hue use apane AcaraNa meM caritArtha karane kI anivAryatA hai| isake lie paMcavrata-ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha kA mana, vacana aura karma se pAlana Avazyaka hai| isameM bhI ahiMsA hI pramukha hai; kyoMki anya cAroM vratoM kA vratatva ahiMsAmUlaka hone para hI nirbhara hai| 0076 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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isaprakAra ahiMsA jainadharmarUpI zarIra kI AtmA hai| jainazAstra meM pratipAdita anekAntavAda, syAdvAda, samatAvAda jaise siddhAMtoM kA AdhAra ahiMsA hI hai| jainadharma ke AcArya amRtacandra sUri sabhI AcAra-niyamoM ko ahiMsA meM hI samAhita mAnate haiN| unake anusAra jitane bhI naitika-niyama haiM, ve jana-sAdhAraNa ko samajhAne ke lie haiN| vastuta: vaha ahiMsA ke hI vibhinna pakSa haiN| 'bhagavatIArAdhanA' meM bhI darzAyA gayA hai ki ahiMsA saba AzramoM kA hRdaya hai, saba zAstroM kA garbha hai| jainadharma meM ahiMsA kA kitanA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai, isakA patA 'praznavyAkaraNasUtra' ko dekhane se milatA hai, jahA~ ahiMsA ke ATha paryAyavAcI zabda ginAte hue dharma-saMbaMdhI sabhI niyamoM-upaniyamoM ko usameM samAhita kiyA gayA hai|' isaprakAra ahiMsArUpI dhurI ke cAroM ora hI jainadharmarUpI pahiyA calatA hai| jainadharma meM sabhI jagaha AtmabhAva karuNA se maitrI kI vidhAyaka-anubhUti ahiMsA kI dhArA meM pravAhita huI hai| ahiMsA AtmA kI eka avasthA hai| AtmA kI asaMyata-avasthA hiMsA hai aura saMyata-avasthA ahiNsaa| AcArya bhadrabAhu likhate haiM ki pAramArthika dRSTi se AtmA hI ahiMsA hai| pramatta AtmA hiMsaka hai, jabaki apramatta-AtmA ahiNsk| AtmaguNa kA hanana karanevAlA vastuta: hiMsaka hotA hai aura AtmaguNa kI rakSA karanevAlA ahiNsk|' isaprakAra jJAnI yA vidvAn vahI hai, jo ahiMsaka hai| sUtrakRtAMgasUtra' meM kahA gayA hai ki jJAnI hone kA artha hai ki prANI kI hiMsA na kareM / ahiMsA hI sabhI dharmoM kA sAra hai| isakA sadA pAlana karanA caahiye| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sabhI prANiyoM kI bhalAI meM ahiMsA ko sarvazreSTha sAdhana batalAyA hai|" jainadharma meM ahiMsA ko caramotkarSa para pahu~cAte hue kahA gayA hai ki ahiMsA ke samAna isa saMsAra meM koI dharma nahIM hai|" gosvAmI tulasIdAsa isI bhAvanA ko vyakta karate hue kahate haiM ki- 'parahita-sarisa dharma nahIM bhAI, parapIr3A-sama nahi adhmaaii| 'manusmRti' meM bhI kahA gayA hai-- 'ahiMsA paramo dharma:' / jainadharma saMpUrNa loka-lokAntaroM ko jIva se vyApta mAnatA hai| aisI sthiti meM prazna uThatA hai ki hiMsA se kaise bacA jAye? 'mahAbhArata' meM bhI sampUrNa jagat ko jIvoM se vyApta mAnakara yahI prazna uThAyA gayA hai| yahA~ yaha ullekhanIya hai ki sabhI dharmoM meM hiMsA aura ahiMsA ko manodazA para nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai| jainadharma meM bhI hiMsA-ahiMsA ko manobhAva para nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai| AcArya amRtacandra ke anusAra rAgAdi kaSAyoM se Upara uThakara niyamita jIvana jIte hue bhI yadi koI prANaghAta ho jAye, to vaha pApa kA kAraNa nahIM hotaa| AcArya kundakunda likhate haiM ki bAhara se prANI mare 'yA jie, asaMyatAcArI ko hiMsA kA doSa nizcitarUpa se lagatA hai; parantu jo saMyatAcArI hai, ahiMsA kI sAdhanA ke lie prayatnazIla hai, usako bAhara se honevAlI hiMsA se karmabandhana nahIM hotaa| jainadharma meM ahiMsA kA AdhAra jijIviSA aura sukha mAnate hue kahA gayA hai ki sabhI prANiyoM kI jijIviSA pradhAna hai evaM sabhI ko sukha anukUla tathA du:kha pratikUla hai| isa prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0077.

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manovaijJAnika satya ke sAtha-sAtha bauddhika tulyatAbodha ko bhI ahiMsA kA AdhAra batAte huye kahA gayA hai ki jo apanI pIr3A ko jAna pAtA hai, vahI tulyatAbodha ke AdhAra para dUsaroM kI pIr3A ko bhI samajha sakatA hai|" vAstava meM ahiMsA kA mUlAdhAra jIvana ke prati sammAna, samatvabhAvanA evaM advaitabhAvanA hai| samatvabhAva se hamAre andara dUsare prANiyoM ke prati prema aura advaitabhAva se ekAtmabhAvanA ko bala milatA hai, jisase ahiMsA kA vikAsa hotA hai| 'dazavaikAlikasUtra' meM kahA gayA hai ki sabhI prANI jIvita rahanA cAhate haiM, koI maranA nahIM caahtaa| ata: nirgrantha prANavadha (hiMsA) kA niSedha karate haiN| uttarAdhyayanasUtra' meM samatva ke AdhAra para ahiMsA ke siddhAMta kI sthApanA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki bhaya aura baira se mukta sAdhaka-jIvana ke prati prema rakhanevAle sabhI prANiyoM ko sarvatra apanI AtmA ke samAna jAnakara unakI kabhI bhI hiMsA na kre| 'AcArAMgasUtra' meM sabhI jIvoM ke prati AtmIyatA kI bhAvanA vyakta karate huye kahA gayA hai ki jo loka (samasta jaivika-jagat) kA apalApa karatA hai, vaha svayaM apanI AtmA kA bhI apalApa karatA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra AtmIyatA kI isa bhAvanA ko spaSTa karate huye kahate haiM--jise tU mAranA cAhatA hai, vaha tU hI hai| jise tU zAsita karanA cAhatA hai, vaha tU hI hai| jise tU paritApa denA cAhatA hai, vaha tU hI hai'| isIprakAra 'bhaktaparijJA' meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki kisI bhI anya prANI kI hatyA vAstava meM apanI hI hatyA hai aura anya jIvoM para dayA apane hI Upara dayA hai|" isaprakAra jainadharma ahiMsA ke siddhAMta ke rUpa meM sabhI jIvoM ke prati sahaastitva kI bhAvanA ko protsAhita karatA hai| ____ Aja kI vaizvika-sthiti vijJAna evaM pravidhi ke sAtha-sAtha upabhoktA-saMskRti ke vikAsa kI sthiti kA paryAya bana cukA hai| yaha yuga aisA lagatA hai ki viSamatA, avyavasthA tathA azAMti kA yuga hai| samAja hiMsA ke bahuvidha kAMToM meM jakar3A huA hai| vaha kSetrIyatA, nRjAtIyatA, sAMskRtika tathA rAjanItika rUr3hivAditA, AtaMkavAda tathA aparAdhIkaraNa jaise bahu-kAMTedAra hiMsA kA sAmanA kara rahA hai| vyakti-vizeSa asAvadhAnI, lAparavAhI tathA kuMThAoM ke bIca jI rahA hai| samAja durvyavasthA kA zikAra banA huA hai| deza tathA vizva meM kisI na kisI prakAra kI azAMti vyApta hai, krama-bhaMga kA vAtAvaraNa hai| asaMtulita paryAvaraNa evaM bhautika sukhoM meM lipta andhI lolupatA kA zikAra tathA ajJAna se utpanna asahiSNutA, anAdara evaM ghRNA ke bhAva kisI na kisI rUpa meM vizva ke kone-kone meM vyApta haiN| yadi gaharAI se socA jAe, to lagatA hai ki pratyeka prANI zAMti kI khoja meM haiM, vyavasthA kI cAha tathA ahiMsaka-vAtAvaraNa usake lie mRga-marIcikA kI taraha hai| aisI sthiti meM varddhamAna mahAvIra ke upadezoM kI jitanI AvazyakatA mahasUsa ho rahI hai, zAyada utanI anirvAyatA kI anubhUti svayaM unake samaya meM bhI nahIM ho| Aja unake dvArA batalAyA gayA ahiMsA kA mArga vyApaka-zAMti ke liye eka bhavya-Adarza bana cukA hai| 1078 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 .

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ahiMsA meM hI naitika, AdhyAtmika tathA mAnavIya tattvoM meM guNAtmaka parivartana lAne tathA mUlyoM kI bhUmikA bar3hAne kI kSamatA nihita hai| zAMti ke agradUta, ahiMsA ke pujArI bhagavAn mahAvIra kA yaha anUThA maMtra hai| isa maMtra kI pUrNatA taba taka nahIM ho sakatI jaba taka sAdhana-sAdhya saMkalpa kI DorI meM ahiMsA ko gUMthakara jana-jIvana ke kalyANa ke lie utArA na jaaye| ahiMsA zubha kA pratIka hai| yaha satya rUpa hai, zubha-saMkalpa kI vidhi hai jise jAnane, jisameM prIti karane tathA jisakA pAlana karane meM hI mAnava-mAtra kA kalyANa nihita hai| Aja 'ahiMsA' ko mAnava-mUlya ke rUpa meM, Adarza-jIvana ke rUpa meM, sAmUhika-saMkalpa ke rUpa meM, nitya krAMti ke darzana ke rUpa meM tathA mAnava-dharma ke rUpa meM vicArane evaM prabhAvI banAne kI AvazyakatA mahasUsa ho rahI hai, tAki vyApaka-zAMti ke liye, ApasI saMbaMdhoM ke guNAtmaka-vikAsa ke liye, jIvana meM vyApta viSamatA ke upacAra ke liye, sakriya prema aura dayA kI zakti ko vikasita karane ke liye, mAnavAdhikAroM kI vyApaka rakSA ke liye tathA svataMtratA, samAnatA evaM bhAIcAre para AdhArita samatAmUlaka samAja kI sthApanA ke liye kAraka ke rUpa meM vyApaka pracAra evaM prasAra saMbhava ho ske| sandarbhagrantha-sUcI 1. praznavyAkaraNasUtra, 2.1, 21-22 / 2. AcArAMgasUtra, 1.4.1.27 / 3. tattvArthasUtra, 10.3 / 4. vahI, 1.1 / 5. puruSArthasiddhyupAya, 42 / 6. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 7901 7. praznavyAkaraNasUtra, 1.20 / 8. oghaniyukti, 754 1 9. devacandra jI kRta adhyaatmgiitaa| 10. sUtrakRtAMgasUtra, 1.4.10 / 11. dazavaikAlikasUtra. 6.9 / 12. bhaktaparijJA, 91 / 13. mahAbhArata (zAMtiparva), 15.25.26 / 14. purussaarthsiddhyupaay| 15. pravacanasAra, 3.17 1 16. AcArAMgasUtra, 1.3.3. / 17. vahI, 1.5.5 / 18. dazavaikAlikasUtra, 6.11 / 19. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 6.7 / 20. AcArAMgasUtra, 1.3.3. / 21. vahI, 1.5.5.1 22. bhaktaparijJA, 93 / / veda aura purANa cAhe jo bhI kaheM, RSabhadeva kI kRcchra-sAdhanA kA mela 'Rgveda' kI pravRttimArgI-dhArA se nahIM baitthtaa| vedollikhita hone para bhI RSabhadeva veda-pUrva paramparA ke pratinidhi haiN| jaba Arya isa deza meM phaile, usase pahale hI yahA~ vairAgya, kRcchra-sAdhanA, yogAcAra aura tapazcaryA kI prathA pracalita ho cukI thii| isa prathA kA eka vikAsa jainadharma meM huA aura dUsarA zaivadharma meN| RSabhadeva bhI yogirAja ke rUpa meM abhihita hue haiN| unake yogayukta vyaktitva se zaMkara ke yogIrUpa kA kAphI sAmIpya hai| mohaMjodaro meM yoga-prathA sUcaka jo nizAna mile haiM, unakA sambandha jaina aura zaiva, donoM hI paramparAoM se jor3A jA sakatA hai| -(sAbhAra uddhRta, saMskRti ke cAra adhyAya', lekhaka-- rAmadhArI siMha dinakara, prakAzaka- lokabhAratI prakAzana, ilAhAbAda, pRSTha 110) prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 1079

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sAdhaka hotA draSTA-jAtA -dilIpa dhIMga sukha meM mada se nahIM lhraataa| du:kha meM calita nahIM ho paataa| parama-parAkrama aura samatA se, Atmadeva ko dhyAtA jaataa| sAdhaka hotA..... ..... ..... / / 1 / / lobha-krodha Ae Ane do| mAyA-mAna ke bhAva hone do| asaMpRkta bana dekhane vAlA, kaSAyoM se mukti paataa| sAdhaka hotA..... ..... ..... / / 2 / / durbhAva hote pr-bhaav| samabhAva hai aatm-svbhaav| svabhAva meM susthira hokara, baiThA-baiThA bar3hatA jaataa| sAdhaka hotA......... ..... / / 3 / / samatA-rasa kI pyAsa caahiye| pIne kA abhyAsa cAhie eka bAra cakha lenevAlA, khuda pItA auroM ko pilaataa| sAdhaka hotA..... ..... ..... / / 4 / / sthAna ho koI, samaya ho kaisA / pariveza cAhe ho jaisaa| dravya, kSetra aura kAla ghaTaka para, prazasta-bhAva kA dhvaja lhraataa| sAdhaka hotA drssttaa-jnyaataa|| 51 * 0080 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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mahAn vaijJAnika aura sacce dezabhakta DaoN. jagadIza caMdra basu -azoka vaziSTha bhArata ke mahAn saMtoM jaise jainadharma ke tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva va bhagavAn mahAvIra ke upadezoM ko hameM par3hanA caahie| Aja unheM apane jIvana meM utArane kA sabase ThIka samaya A pahu~cA hai| kyoMki jainadharma kA tatvajJAna anekAnta (sApekSya paddhati) para AdhArita hai, aura jainadharma kA AhAra ahiMsA para pratiSThApita / jainadharma koI pArasparika vicAroM, aihika va pAralaukika mAnyatAoM para andha zraddhA rakhakara calane vAlA sampradAya nahIM hai, vaha mUlata: eka vizuddha vaijJAnika dharma hai| usakA vikAsa evaM prasAra vaijJAnika-DhaMga se huA hai| kyoMki jainadharma kA bhautikavijJAna, aura AtmavidyA kA kramikaanveSaNa Adhunika-vijJAna ke siddhAntoM se samAnatA rakhatA hai| jainadharma ne vijJAna ke una sabhI pramukha-siddhAntoM kA vistRta-varNana kiyA hai. jaiseki padArthavidyA, prANizAstra, manovijJAna aura kAla, gati, sthiti, AkAza evaM tattvAnusaMdhAna / zrI jagadIza candra basu ne vanaspati meM jIvana ke astitva ko siddha kara jainadharma ke pavitra dharmazAstra ke vanaspatikAyika-jIvoM ke cetanatva ko pramANita kiyA jainadharma ke sabhI tIrthaMkara Arya the aura jainadharma kA purAnA nAma Aryadharma hI thaa| vaidikadharma, jainadharma va buddhadharma, Aryadharma ke hI aMga haiN| darzana evaM siddhAntoM ke dRSTikoNa se ye saba bhinna-bhinna haiM, parantu ina sabakI saMskRti evaM pRSThabhUmi eka samAna hai| -anaMtazayanam AyaMgara -(jainadharma kA svarUpa', prastAvanA, prakAzaka a.bhA.zve. sthAnakavAsI jaina kAnphreMsa bhavana, naI dillI) vaijJAnika jagadIza caMdra basu kA janma 30 navambara, 1858 I. ko pUrvI baMgAla (aba bAMglAdeza) ke 'mainana siMha' nAmaka zahara meM huaa| unake pitA kA nAma bhagavAna caMdra basu thA aura ve 'DipTI maijisTreTa' the| ve uccazikSA-prApta kuzala aphasara hone ke sAtha-sAtha sahRdaya tathA janasevaka bhI the| ve apane mAtA-pitA ke ikalaute putra the| vaha bar3e lAr3a-pyAra aura sukha-suvidhAoM ke bIca rahakara ple| jagadIza caMdra ko bacapana se hI prakRti se bahuta lagAva thA, isalie unhoMne prakRti ke adhyayana meM vizeSa-ruci lii| jagadIza caMdra kI prArambhika zikSA pharIdapura kI bAMglA pAThazAlA meM huI, vahA~ pA~ca varSa taka pddh'e| Age kI par3hAI unhoMne kolakAtA ke seMTa jeviyara skUla meM kii| yahA~ jisa prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00.81

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chAtrAvAsa meM ve rahate the, vahA~ bhI unhoMne vibhinna prakAra ke paudhe dekhe| eMTreMsa ke bAda vaha kolakAtA ke seMTa jeviyara kaoNleja meM adhyayana ke lie ge| unhoMne vijJAna-viSaya kA adhyayana kiyA aura bhautikazAstra ke adhyApaka phAdara lephaMTa ke priya-ziSya bana ge| isake bAda 1880 I. meM U~cI-zikSA ke lie jagadIza caMdra basu iMglaiMDa gae aura vahA~ vizvavidyAlaya meM praveza liyaa| unhoMne bhautikazAstra, rasAyanazAstra, jIvavijJAna aura vanaspativijJAna kA adhyayana kiyaa| pahale varSa meM acche aMkoM se pAsa jarUra hue, lekina dUsare varSa kaimbrija vizvavidyAlaya kI TesTa-parIkSA meM uttIrNa hokara vaha vizvavikhyAta krAisTa carca kaoNleja meM vizuddha vijJAna ke vidyArthI bana ge| apanI lagana aura mehanata se unhoMne adhyApakoM ko bahuta prabhAvita kiyaa| ____1884 meM laMdana vizvavidyAlaya se parIkSA uttIrNa kI, lekina sthitiyA~ jagadIza caMdra ke anukUla nahIM thii| bhautikazAstra tathA vanaspativijJAna para anusaMdhAna karane kI icchA ke bAvajUda, ghara kI Arthika sthiti ke kAraNa jagadIza caMdra presIDeMsI kaoNleja, kolakAtA meM bhautikazAstra ke sthAyI prophesara niyukta kie ge| yahA~ unhoMne mehanata aura AtmavizvAsa ke sAtha 1915 I. taka kArya kiyaa| bhautikavijJAna meM jagadIza caMdra kI vizeSa-ruci thii| san 1894 meM vaha vidyuta-cumbakIya taraMgoM ke dhruvIkaraNa kI mahattvapUrNa-khoja meM saphala hue| unake reDieTara se 75 phITa kI dUrI para tIna dIvAroM ko pAra karake taraMgeM risIvara taka pahu~cI, jisase pistaula dAgI gaI aura ghaMTI baja utthii| aisI khoja pahale duniyA meM kisI ne nahIM kI thii| apane maMda reDieTara se yaha ullekhanIya prayoga karane ke lie basu ne Adhunika vAyaralaisa-TelIgrAphI ke eMTInA kI rUparekhA soca lii| yaha 2 phITa lambe khambhe ke Upara eka golAkAra dhAtu kI taztarI thI, jise reDieTara ke sAtha jor3A gayA aura isIprakAra kI eka taztarI risIvara se jor3I gaI thii| isa khoja ke lie 1896 meM unheM DI.esa.sI. kI upAdhi se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| jagadIza caMdra basu ne apane dimAga aura mehanata se aneka aise yaMtroM kA nirmANa kiyA, jo harTja kI lambI reDiyo-taraMgoM se kahIM choTe-vikiraNa ko darja kara sakate the| khAsakara unhoMne siddha kiyA ki choTI vidyuta-cumbakIya-lahareM prakAza ke eka puMja kI taraha vyavahAra karatI haiM aura ye donoM hI parAvartana' aura 'vartana' ke niyamoM para calatI haiN| vaha vidyuta-cumbakIya laharoM ko dhuvita karane meM bhI saphala ho gae, jisase vaha prakAza-kiraNoM se unakI samAnatA pradarzita kara ske| san 1898 taka Ate-Ate jagadIza caMdra basu vizvabhara meM prasiddha ho ge| san 1898 se basu ne vRkSoM aura dhAtuoM meM jIva kI khoja kA kArya zurU kiyA aura yaMtra kA nirmANa karake ise siddha karake dikhaayaa| unhoMne pazu tathA vizeSakara per3a-paudhoM para itanA gahana adhyayana kiyA ki vaijJAnika usakA mUlyAMkana nahIM kara sake / basu ne 00 82. prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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aneka prAyogika-vidhiyoM kI khoja kI tathA aneka sUkSma vaijJAnika-upakaraNoM kA AviSkAra bhI kiyaa| unhoMne 1902 meM eka atisaMvedanazIla-yaMtra kreskogrApha kA AviSkAra kiyA, jo paudhoM kI bAr3ha ko eka karor3a guNA vipulana kara dikhAtA thaa| janavarI, 1903 meM bhArata sarakAra ne jagadIza caMdra basu ko sI.Ara.I. kI upAdhi se sammAnita kiyaa| 1907 meM bhArata sarakAra ne unheM iMglaiMDa bhejaa| phira san 1912 meM unheM sI.esa.AI. kI upAdhi se bhI sammAnita kiyA gyaa| - jagadIza caMdra basu eka pratibhAzAlI vyakti the| vaha bhale hI niraMtara vijJAna kI khojoM meM lage rahe, magara unhoMne anya viSayoM aura kAryoM ko anadekhA nahIM kiyaa| vaha sabhA-sammelanoM, sAhityika kAryoM aura kavi-goSThiyoM meM bhI bhAga lete the| ina sabake calate unhoMne aneka lekha aura pustakeM likhiiN| unake 80 lekha jarmanI, phrAMsa aura iMglaiMDa kI mahattvapUrNa vaijJAnika-patrikAoM meM prakAzita hue| san 1902 se 1937 taka unakI 10 pustakeM prakAzita ho cukI thiiN| . ve apane rASTra se bahuta prema karate the| videzoM meM unheM uccatama-padoM para naukarI milI, magara unhoMne svIkAra nahIM kii| 22 navambara ko unhoMne basa saMsthAna kI patrikA ke prUpha par3he tathA sone se pahale grAmophona para 'jana-gaNa-mana-adhinAyaka' aura 'vaMdemAtarama' sunaa| 23 navambara, 1937 ko subaha snAnaghara meM girane ke kucha samaya pazcAt deza ke isa mahAn vaijJAnika-sapUta kA dehAMta ho gyaa| -(sAbhAra uddhRta 'navabhArata TAimsa', ravivAra, 10.11.2002, naI dillI) bhAvanA kA mahAtmya 'Na karedi bhAvaNAbhAvido khu pIDaM vadANa svvesiN| sAhU pAsutto samuhado va kimidANi vedNto||' -(bha.A. 1206, pR. 6/12) artha :-- bhAvanAoM se bhAvita sAdhu gaharI nIMda meM sotA huA bhI athavA mUcchita huA bhI saba vratoM meM doSa nahIM lgaataa| taba jAgate hue kI bAta hI kyaa| .. dharma kI mahimA 'dhammeNa hodi pujjo, vissasaNijjo piyo jasaMsI ya / suhasajjhA ya NarANaM, dhammo maNaNibudikaro y||' -(bha.A. 1852, pR. 827) artha :- dharma se manuSya pUjya hotA hai, saba kA vizvavAsapAtra hotA hai, saba kA priya aura yazasvI hotA hai| manuSya dharma ko sukhapUrvaka pAlana kara sakate haiN| tathA dharma se mana ko zAMti milatI hai| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0083

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vaidika aura jaina saMnyAsI meM ullikhita samatAe~ -DaoN. ramezacanda jaina samasta parivAha kA tyAga 'vRhadAraNyaka upaniSad' meM AyA hai ki yAjJavalkya ne parivrAjaka hone ke samaya apanI strI maitreyI se sampatti ko usa (maitreyI) meM aura kAtyAyanI meM bA~Ta dene kI carcA kii| isake kucha aMza isaprakAra haiM-- yAjJavalkya ne kahA ki "he maitreyI ! maiM gRhasthAzrama chor3akara saMnyAsa lenA cAhatA huuN| isake lie maiM tumhArI anumati cAhatA hU~ aura aisA karane se pahile maiM apane dhana kA baMTavArA karake tumheM kAtyAyanI se alaga kara denA cAhatA huuN|" yAjJavalkya ke dvArA uparyukta prakAra se kahI gaI maitreyI ne kahA ki "he bhagavan ! kyA samasta pRthvI ke mere dhana se bhara jAne para maiM saba duHkhoM se mukta ho jAU~gI?" yAjJavalkya ne uttara diyA ki "aisA nahIM hogaa| tumhArA jIvana vaisA hI hogA, jaisA dhanikoM kA hotA hai| dhana se amarapada kI AzA nhiiN|" yAjJavalkya ne kahA ki "he priye ! tuma mIThI bAta bolatI ho| Ao, baittho| hama vyAkhyA karake tumheM (mukti kA sAdhana) smjhaayeNge| vyAkhyA karate samaya hamArI bAtoM para dhyAna do|" . yAjJavalkya ne kahA ki "he maitreyI ! patnI ko pati usake prayojana ke liye priya nahIM' hotA, pratyuta AtmA ke prayojana ke liye priya hotA hai| he maitreyI ! manuSya ko saba padArtha unake prayojana ke lie priya nahIM hote, pratyuta AtmA ke prayojana ke liye priya hote haiN| ata: he maitreyI ! AtmA hI jAnane yogya padArtha hai| usI ko sunanA cAhie, usI para vicAra karanA cAhie aura usI kA nirantara cintana karanA caahie| he maitreyI ! AtmA ke darzana, zravaNa, manana aura vijJAna se saba kucha jAnA jAtA hai|" isase prakaTa hotA hai ki una dinoM parivrAjakoM ko ghara-dvAra, patnI evaM sArI sampatti kA parityAga kara denA par3atA thaa| jainAcArya kundakunda ne kahA haihavadi va Na havadi baMdho madamhi jIvo ya kAyaceTThamhi / baMdho dhuvamavadhIdo idi samaNA chaDDiyA savvaM / / -(pravacanasAra, 219) kAyaceSTApUrvaka jIva ke marane para bandha hotA hai, athavA nahIM hotA, kintu upadhi-parigraha 0084 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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se nizcaya hI bandha hotA hai, isalie zramaNoM ne sarva parigraha ko chor3A hai| yadi nirapekSa tyAga na ho, to bhikSu ke bhAva kI vizuddhi nahIM hotI aura jo bhAva meM avizuddha hai, usake karmakSaya kaise ho sakatA hai? upadhi ke sadbhAva meM usa bhikSu ke mUrcchA, Arambha yA asaMyama na hoM, yaha kaise ho sakatA hai ? tathA jo paradravya meM rata ho, vaha AtmA ko kaise sAdha sakatA hai ? 2 jaba ki jinavarendroM ne mokSAbhilASI ke deha parigraha hai' - aisA kahakara deha meM bhI apratikarmapanA kahA hai, taba usakA yaha spaSTa Azaya hai ki usake anya parigraha kaise ho sakatA hai?" bhikSAcaryA, yathAjAta rUpa evaM brahma kI anubhUti hindU-grantha 'vRhadAraNyaka upaniSad' meM AyA hai ki Atmavid - vyakti saMtAna, sAMsArika sampatti, moha Adi chor3a dete haiM aura bhikSAcaryA kA AcaraNa karate haiM; ata: brAhmaNa ko cAhie ki vaha sampUrNa-pANDitya kI prApti ke uparAnta bAlaka-sA banA rhe| jJAna evaM bAlya ke Upara uThakara use muni kI sthiti meM AnA cAhie tathA muni yA amuni ke rUpa se Upara uThakara use brAhmaNa (jisane brahma kI anubhUti kara lI ho ) bana jAnA caahie|' jainagrantha pravacanasAra meM kahA gayA hai-- uvayaraNaM jiNamagge liMgaM jahajAdarUvamidi bhaNida / guruvayaNaM piya viNao suttajjhayaNaM NidiTThe / / - (pravacanasAra, 225 ) yathAjAta rUpa jo liMga, vaha jinamArga meM 'upakaraNa' kahA gayA hai, guru ke vacana, sUtroM it adhyayana aura vinaya bhI 'upakaraNa' kahI gaI hai-- eNkkaM khalu taM bhattaM apaDipuNNodaraM jahAladdhaM / caraNa bhikkheNa divA Na rasArvekkhaM Na madhu-maMsaM / / - ( pravacanasAra, 229 ) vAstava meM vaha AhAra eka bAra, Unodara, yathAlabdha, bhikSAcaraNa se dina meM, rasa kI apekSA se rahita aura madhumA~sarahita hotA hai| AtmajJAna mokSamArga kA sAdhakatama hai, ise prakaTa karate hue 'pravacanasAra' meM kahA hai-- jaM aNNANI kammaM khavedi bhavasya - sahassakoDIhiM / taM NANI tihiM gutto khavedi ussAsametteNa / / - ( pravacanasAra, 238 ) jo karma ajJAnI lakSakoTi bhavoM meM khapAtA hai, vaha karma jJAnI tIna prakAra se gupta hone seauM ucchvAsamAtra meM khapA detA hai / jainAcArya raviSeNa ne kahA hai ki brAhmaNa ve haiM, jo ahiMsAvrata dhAraNa karate haiM, mahAvratarUpI lambI coTI dhAraNa karate haiM, dhyAnarUpI agni meM homa karate haiM tathA zAnta haiM aura mukti ke siddha karane meM tatpara rahate haiN| isake viparIta jo saba prakAra ke Arambha meM pravRtta haiM, nirantara kuzIla meM lIna rahate haiM tathA kriyAhIna haiM / ve kevala 'brAhmaNa' nAmadhArI hI haiM, vAstavika brAhmaNatva unameM kucha bhI nahIM hai| RSi, saMyata, dhIra, kSAnta, prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara 2002 00 85

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dAnta aura jitendriya muni hI vAstavika brAhmaNa haiN| brahmacarya ko dhAraNa karanevAlA brAhmaNa kahalAtA hai| lauMca kriyA vaidika-paramparA meM 'yajurveda' ke rudrAdhyAya meM 'kulaJcAnAM pataye namo namaH' kahakara kezalauMca karanevAloM ke svAmI ko bArambAra namaskAra kiyA hai|' 'jAbAlopaniSad' (5) meM likhA hai ki parivrATa loga vivarNavAsa, muNDita sira, binA sampattivAle, pavitra, adrohI, bhikSAvRtti karanevAle tathA brahma meM saMlagna rahate the| __'kalpasUtracUrNi' meM kahA hai-- "keza se jIvoM kI hiMsA hotI hai; kyoMki keza ke bhIgane se jUM utpanna hote haiN| sira khujalAne para unakI hiMsA aura sira meM nakhakSata ho jAtA hai| chure yA kaiMcI se bAloM ko kATane se AjJAbhaMga doSa ke sAtha saMyama aura cAritra kI virAdhanA hotI hai| nAI apane ustare aura kaiMcI ko sacitta jala se sApha karatA hai| ata: 'pazcAt-karmadoSa' hotA hai| jainazAsana kI avahelanA bhI hotI hai| ina saba dRSTiyoM se zramaNoM ko hAthoM se kezalauMca karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai|" ___ 'mUlAcAra' meM pratikramaNa-Avazyaka ke antargata dasa-muNDoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu aura zrotra ina pA~ca indriyoM ko apane-apane viSayoM meM pravRtta na hone denA -ye pA~ca indriyamuNDa tathA vacomuNDa-aprastuta bhASaNa na karanA, hastamuNDaaprastuta kAryoM meM hAtha na phailAnA, use saMkucita rakhanA, pAdamuNDa--ayogya kAryoM meM pairoM ko pravRtta na hone denA, manomuNDa--mana ke pApapUrNa vicAroM ko naSTa karanA tathA tanumuNDa--zarIra ko azubha pApakArya meM pravRtta na hone denaa| -ina dasa muNDoM se AtmA pApa meM pravRtta nahIM hotI, ata: usa AtmA ko 'muNDadhArI' kahate haiN|' saMnyAsI kA AvAsa hindU-paramparA ke anusAra ghara, patnI, putroM evaM sampatti kA tyAga kara saMnyAsI ko gA~va ke bAhara rahanA cAhie, use beghara kA honA cAhie: jaba sUryAsta ho jAye, to per3oM ke nIce yA parityakta-ghara meM rahanA cAhie aura sadA eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna taka calate rahanA caahie| vaha kevala varSA ke mausama meM eka sthAna para Thahara sakatA hai|" mitAkSarA (yAjJavalkya 3/58) dvArA uddhRta zaMkha ke vacana se patA calatA hai ki saMnyAsI varSA Rtu meM eka sthAna para kevala do mAsa taka ruka sakatA hai| kaNva kA kahanA hai ki vaha eka rAtri gA~va meM yA pA~ca dina kasbe meM (varSA Rtu ko chor3akara raha sakatA hai)|" ___jainagrantha pravacanasAra meM AcArya kundakunda ne kahA hai ki zrAmaNyArthI bandhuvarga se vidA mA~gakara guru, strI aura putra se mukta kiyA huA jJAna, darzana, cAritra, tapa aura vIryAcAra ko aMgIkAra kara jo zramaNa hai, guNADhya hai, kula-rUpa tathA vaya se viziSTa haiM, aura zramaNoM ko ati-iSTa haiM, aise gaNI ko 'mujhe svIkAra karo' -aisA kahakara praNata hotA hai aura 4086 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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12 anugRhIta hotA hai 'kalpasUtra' meM kahA hai ki sAdhuoM aura sAdhviyoM ko rAtri meM athavA vikAla arthAt sAndhya - samaya meM tathA sUryodaya ke pahale vihAra nahIM karanA cAhie / " 'mUlAcAra' ke anusAra giri kandarAoM, zmazAnabhUmi, zUnyAgAra, vRkSamUla Adi vairAgyavarddhaka sthAnoM meM zramaNa Thaharate haiM; 14 kyoMki kalaha, vyagratA bar3hAnevAle zabda, saMklezabhAva, mana kI vyagratA, asaMyatajanoM kA saMsarga, tere-mere kA bhAva, dhyAna tathA adhyayana Adi meM vighna - ina doSoM kA sadbhAva vivikta - vasatikAoM meM nahIM hotA / 15 aparAjita sUri ne kahA hai ki "varSAkAla meM sthAvara aura jaMgama sabhI prakAra ke jIvoM se yaha pRthvI vyApta rahatI hai| usa samaya bhramaNa karane para mahAn asaMyama hotA hai| varSA aura zIta - vAyu se AtmA kI virAdhanA hotI hai / vApI Adi jalAzayoM meM girane kA bhaya rahatA hai| jalAdi meM chipe hue ThUMTha, kaSTaka Adi se athavA jala, kIcar3a Adi se kaSTa pahu~catA hai / ' indriyasukha se dUrI 116 saMnyAsI ko brahmacArI honA caahie| sadA dhyAna evaM AdhyAtmika jJAna ke prati bhakti rakhanI cAhie eMva indriya-sukha, Anandaprada - vastuoM se dUra rahanA caahie|' 'pravacanasAra' meM kahA hai-- pA~ca samitiyukta, pA~ca indriyoM kA saMvaravAlA, tIna guptiyoM sahita, kaSAyoM ko jItanevAlA, darzana - jJAna se paripUrNa zramaNa 'saMyata' kahA gayA hai| jo vizuddhAtmA hotA huA parama AtmA kA dhyAna karatA hai, vaha sAkAra yA anAkAra moha-durgranthi kA kSaya karatA hai / " samatAbhAva I saMnyAsI ko binA jIvoM ko kaSTa diye ghUmanA cAhiye, use apamAna ke prati udAsIna rahanA cAhiye, yadi koI usase krodha prakaTa kare to krodhoveza meM nahIM AnA cAhiye / yadi koI usakA burA kare to bhI use kalyANaprada - zabdoM kA uccAraNa karanA cAhie aura kabhI bhI asatya bhASaNa nahIM karanA cAhiye | 20 jaina-AcArya kundakunda ne kahA hai sama-sattu-baMdhuvaggo sama-suha- dukkhe pasaMsa - NidaM - samo / samalaoNTTha-kaMcaNo puNa jIvida - maraNe samo samaNo / / - ( pravacanasAra, 241 ) jise zatru aura bandhuvarga samAna hai, sukha aura duHkha samAna hai, prazaMsA aura nindA ke prati jisako samatA hai, jise loSTha (patthara kA Tukar3A) aura suvarNa samAna hai tathA jIvana-maraNa ke prati jisako samatA hai, vaha 'zramaNa' hai / AhAra ke yogya ghara hindU-granthoM meM kahA gayA hai ki saMnyAsI ko binA kisI pUrva-yojanA yA cunAva ke prAkRtavidyAaktUbarara-disambara 2002 87

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sAta gharoM se bhikSA mA~ganI caahie|" jaina-grantha 'mUlAcAra' meM sarala (sIdhI) paMkti se tIna athavA sAta ghara se AyA huA prAsuka-odana grAhya hai| isake viparIta yatra-tatra kinhIM bhI sAta gharoM se AyA huA AhAra anAcinna (anAcIrNa) arthAt agrAhya hai; kyoMki isase IryApathazuddhi nahIM hotI hai| ekabhakta __ manu ne kahA hai ki saMnyAsI eka samaya hI bhikSA ke lie vicaraNa kre| adhika pramANa meM Asakta na ho; kyoMki bhikSA meM Asakta saMnyAsI viSayoM meM bhI Asakta ho jAtA hai| jainamuni ke 28 mUlaguNoM meM ekabhakta (eka hI bAra bhojana) kahA gayA hai| yaha 'sAmAyika-saMyama' kA vikalpa hone se zramaNoM kA mUlaguNa hai| indriyarodhAdi . ___manusmati' meM kahA hai ki indriyoM ke nirodha se rAga-dveSa ke nAza se tathA prANiyoM kI ahiMsA se amaratA prApta hotI hai| AcArya zubhacandra ne 'jJAnArNava' meM upuryakta tInoM bAtoM para jora dene ke lie tInoM para svatantra sarga likhe| ve kahate haiM ki "jisane indriyoM ko nahIM jItA, vaha kaSAyarUpI agni kA nirvANa karane meM asamartha hai| isakAraNa krodhAdika ko jItane ke liye indriyoM ke viSaya kA rodha karanA prazaMsanIya kahA jAtA hai|"25 apane adhIna kiyA huA mana bhI rAgAdika bhAvoM se tatkAla kalaMkita kiyA jAtA hai| isakAraNa munigaNoM kA yaha kartavya hai ki viSaya meM ve pramAdarahita ho sabase pahile ina "rAgAdika ko dUra karane meM yatna kreN| "ahiMsA hI jagat kI mAtA hai; kyoMki samasta jIvoM kI rakSA karatI hai| ahiMsA hI Ananda kI paripATI hai| ahiMsA hI uttama-gati hai| jagat meM jitane uttamottama guNa haiM, ve saba isa ahiMsA meM hI haiN|" samyagdarzana samyagdarzana se sampanna vyakti karmoM se nahIM ba~dhatA hai aura samyagdarzana se hIna vyakti saMsAra ko prApta karatA hai| jainAcArya zubhacandra ne kahA hai ki bhaleprakAra prayukta kiye huye samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra - ina tInoM kI ekatA hone se mokSarUpI lakSmI usa ratnatrayayukta AtmA ko svayaM dRr3hAliMgana detI hai|" jyotiSa tathA mantra-tantrAdi kA niSedha ___ manu ke anusAra sanyAsI ko bhaviSyavANI karake, zakunAzakuna banAkara, jyotiSa kA prayogakara, vidyA, jJAna Adi ke siddhAntoM kA udghATana aura vivecana Adi na karake bhikSA mA~gane kA prayatna karanA caahiye| jainagrantha 'mUlAcAra' meM muni ke AhArasambandhI-doSoM ke 46 bheda kahe gaye haiM, inameM utpAdana-doSoM ke antargata vidyA tathA mantra-doSa AtA hai| jo sAdhita karane para siddha hotI hai, unheM 'sAdhita-siddha-vidyA' 00.88 prAkRtavidyA + aktUbara-disambara '2002

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kahate haiM tathA jo par3hate hI siddha ho arthAt jo mantra par3hane mAtra se siddha ho jAtA hai, vaha 'paThita-siddha-mantra' hai| ina vidyAoM evaM mantroM ko pradAna karane kI AzA dekara tathA unakA mAhAtmya batalAkara dAtA ko AhAradAna hetu prerita kara AhAra grahaNa karanA athavA AhAradAyaka devI-devatAoM ko vidyA tathA mantra se bulAkara unako AhAra ke lie siddha karanA 'vidyA-mantradoSa' hai|" apratipUrNodara bhojana saMnyAsI ko bharapeTa bhojana nahIM karanA cAhiye, use kevala utanA hI pAnA cAhiye, jisase vaha apane zarIra evaM AtmA ko eka sAtha rakha sake, use adhika pAne para na to santoSa yA prasannatA prakaTa karanI cAhie aura na kama milane para niraashaa|" ___ jainagrantha 'pravacanasAra' meM pUrA peTa na bhare hue (apUrNodara yA Unodara athavA avamaudarya) AhAra ko hI 'yuktAhAra' kahA hai, kyoMki vahI apratihata (vighnarahita) AtmasvabhAva se jur3anevAlA hai| pUrNodara AhAra to pratihata-yogavAlA hone se kathaMcit hiMsAyatana hotA huA yukta nahIM hai| pUrNodara-AhAra karanevAlA pratihata-yogavAlA hone se vaha AhAra yogI kA AhAra' nahIM hai| dRSTipUtaM nyasetpAdaM ' saMnyAsI ko bhalIbhA~ti bhUmi-nirIkSaNa karake calanA cAhiye, pAnI chAnakara pInA cAhiye, satya se pavitra vANI bolanA cAhiye tathA mana se pavitra hokara AcaraNa karanA caahiye| jainamuni kI caryA meM samiti ke bhedoM meM prathama IryAsamiti' hai| cAra hAtha Age kI bhUmi ko dekhate hue calanA 'IryAsamiti' hai| pAnI chAnakara pIne kA vrata to gRhasthAvasthA meM hI prArambha ho jAtA hai| paJcamahAvratoM meM dUsarA vrata satyamahAvrata' hai tathA mana kI pavitratA kA sambandha 'manogupti' se hai| 'vAyupurANa' ke anusAra saMnyAsI ko mAMsa yA madhu kA sevana nahIM karanA caahiye|" AcArya kundakunda ne kahA hai eNkkaM khalu taM bhattaM appaDipuNNodaraM jahAladdhaM / caraNaM bhikkheNa divA Na rasAvekkhaM Na madhu-maMsaM / / -(pravacanasAra, 229) vAstava meM vaha AhAra (yuktAhAra) eka bAra, Unodara, yathAlabdha (jaisA prApta ho vaisA), bhikSAcaraNa se, dina meM, rasa kI apekSA se rahita aura madhumA~sarahita hotA hai| isakI TIkA meM AcArya amRtacandra ne kahA hai- amadhumAMsaM evAhAro yuktAhAra:, tasyaivAhisAyatanatvAt / samadhumAMsastu hiMsAyatanatvAnna yuktaH / ___madhu aura mAMsa se rahita AhAra hI yuktAhAra hai; kyoMki vahI 'ahiMsA kA Ayatana' hai| madhu aura mAMsayukta AhAra hiMsA kA Ayatana hone se yukta nahIM hai| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 10 89

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vR uzA ke - bhikSA se prApta bhojana pA~ca prakAra kA hotA hai 7'matAnusAra 1. mAdhukara 2. prAkpraNIta, 3. ayAcita, 4. tAtkAlika, 5. upapanna ( bhakta - ziSyoM yA anya logoM dvArA maTha meM lAyA gayA bhojana ) / inameM se jaina muni kA bhojana 'mAdhukara' tathA 'ayAcita' hotA hai / jainagranthoM meM bhikSAvRtti ke nimnalikhita nAmoM kA ullekha milatA hai-- 1. udarAgniprazamana, 2. akSamRkSaNa, 3. gocarI, 4. zvabhrapUraNa aura 5. bhrAmarI yA madhukarI vRtti / inameM se AhAradAtA para bhArarUpa bAdhA pahu~cAye binA kuzalatA se bhramara kI taraha AhAra grahaNA karanA 'bhrAmarI vRtti' hai| jaise bhramara binA mlAna kie hI drumapuSpoM se thor3A rasa pIkara apane ko tRpta kara letA hai, vaise hI loka meM mukta (aparigrahI ) zramaNa yA sAdhu dAnabhakti (dAtA dva diye jAne vAle nirdoSa AhAra) kI eSaNA meM usIprakAra rata rahate haiM, jaise bhramara puSpoM meM 38 ina samatAoM ke atirikta aneka viSamatAyeM bhI haiM, jinakI carcA anyatra apekSita hai| sandarbha-sUcI 2. pravacanasAra, 220-221 / 1. vRhadAraNyaka upaniSad, 2/4/1-51 3. vahI, 224 4. vRhadAravyakopaniSad. 2/4/1, 3/5/11 5. DaoN. ramezacandra jaina : padmacarita meM pratipAdita bhAratIya saMskRti, pR. 65-661 6. brAhmaNo brahmacaryataH padmapurANa 6/209 / 7. DaoN. phUlacandra premI : mUlAcAra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana, pR. 144 8. kalpasUtra cUrNi 284 evaM kalpasUtra subodhikA TIkA patra, 190-191 / 9. mUlAcAra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana, pR. 121 / 10. manu. 6/4/1, 43-44, vasiSTha dharma sUtra 12-15, zaMkha 7/61 11. dharmazAstra kA itihAsa, prathama bhAga, pR. 491 12. pravacanasAra, 203-204 14. girikaMdaraM masANaM suNNAgAraM ca rukkhamUlaM vA / ThANaM mUlAcAra 10/59 / / 15. bhagavatI ArAdhanA 232 / pR.618 1 17. manu. 6/41, evaM 49, gautama 3 / 11 / 18. pravacanasAra, 240 19. vahI, 1941 20. manusmRti 6/40, 47-48, yAjJa. 3/61, gautama 3/23 / 21. vasiSThadharma 10/7, zaMkha 7/3, Adiparva 119/12-5 yA 10 ghara / 22. ekakAlaM cared bhaikSaM na prasajyeta vistare / bhaikSe prasakto hi yatirviSayeSvapi sajjati / / - manu. 6/55 23. vadasamidiMdiyarodho locAvassayamacelamaNhANaM / khidi sayaNa bhadaMtavaNaM ThidibhoyaNamegabhattaM ca / / - pravacanasAra, 208 24. indriyANAMnirodhena rAgadveSakSayeNa c| ahiMsayA ca bhUtAnAbhamRtatvAya kalpate / / - manu. 6/ 60 25. jJAnArNava, 20 / 1 / 26. vahI, 23/4 27. vahI, 8/32 28. samyagdarzanasampannaH karmabhirna nibddhyte| darzanena vihIstuM saMsAraM pratipadyate / / - manu. 6/74 29. jJAnArNava, 6/1 / 30. manusmRti, 6/50-51 / 31. mUlAcAra, 6/38-40 / 32. manusmRti 6/57, evaM 59, vasiSTha 10/21-22 evaM 25 yAjJa. 3/591 33. pravacanasAra, 229 / 34. pravacanasAra, amRtacandrAcArya TIkA, gAthA 229 / 35. dRSTipUtaM nyasetpAdaM vastrapUtaM pivejjlm| satyapUtaM vadedvAkyaM manaHpUtaM samAcaret / / - manu. 6/46 36. vAyupurANa, 1/18/17 37. smRtimuktAphala (pR. 200 ) evaM yatidharmasaMgraha (pR. 74-75 ) meM uddhRta / 38. dazavaikAlika, 1/2-3 / 090 prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara 2002 13. vRhatkalpasUtra 3, pR. 69 1 virAgabahulaM dhIro bhikkhu NiseveU / / 16. bhagavatI ArAdhanA vija . TI. 421,

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paryAvaraNa-saMrakSaNa aura jainadharma -paM. nihAlacanda jaina paryAvaraNa-saMrakSaNa Aja kI eka vizvavyApI jvalanta-samasyA hai| hamAre deza ke 42veM saMvidhAna-saMzodhana dvArA pratyeka nAgarika kA yaha mUla-karttavya ho gayA hai ki vaha prAkRtika paryAvaraNa-jisake aMtargata vana, jhIla aura vanya jIva haiM, kI rakSA kareM aura usakA saMvardhana kareM, prANImAtra ke prati dayAbhAva rakheM tathA avaidha-zikAra karane para kar3I daMDa-vyavasthA hai| ukta saMvidhAna saMzodhana meM jainadharma kI mUla-bhAvanA ko bar3A saMbala milA hai| paryAvaraNa-saMbaMdhI AcAra-saMhitA, sabhI jIvoM ke prati AdarabhAva tathA prakRti ke saundarya kI surakSA kI bhAvanA banAye rakhane ko banI hai| paryAvaraNa ke antargata vaha saba kucha A jAtA hai, jo hamAre AsapAsa maujUda hai; jaise- pRthvI, jala, vAyu, AkAza, per3apaudhe, pazu-pakSI evaM bAdara (sthUla) jIva jaMtu tathA bhU-garbha ke khnij| - vizva ke prAya: sabhI dharma-jIvoM, pazuoM aura paudhoM ke saMrakSaNa ke bAre meM upadeza dete haiN| hindU dharma meM, vividha prAkRtika saMsAdhanoM jaise per3oM meM pIpala, baragada, Ama, imalI, nadiyoM meM gaMgA-jamunA, pazuoM meM gAya-baila, yahA~ taka kI sUrya, candramA Adi ke pUjana ke liye prAvadhAna hai| islAma-dharma bhojana ke liye pazuoM ko mArane kA samarthana nahIM karatA hai| IsAiyoM kI dhArmika-pustaka (maithyU 7/12) meM pRthvI ko kSati pahu~cAnA yA vana-sAmrAjya kA nirAdhAra-vinAza karanA (pustaka-sinesisa 1/28) paramAtmA kA apamAna' kahA hai| bhAratIya-saMskRti pramukhata: jaina-saMskRti kA paryAvaraNa-saMrakSaNa meM eka mahattvapUrNa-yogadAna rahA hai| jisake pramukha-binduoM para prastuta-lekha meM vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai| 1. asaMtalita-paryAvaraNa evaM mAnava : 1. paryAvaraNa-pradUSaNa ke bAre meM 1980 meM amarIkI rASTrapati vizva-2000' ke prativedana meM kahA thA ki- "yadi paryAvaraNa-pradUSaNa niyaMtrita na kiyA gayA, to 2030 taka tejAbI varSA, bhUkhamarI aura mahAmArI kA tAMDava-nRtya hogaa|" 2. audyogika evaM nagarIkaraNa apane kUrA-karakaTa se nadiyoM ke jala ko pradUSita kara rahA hai, jisase jalIya jIva-jantuoM ke sAtha-sAtha mAnava-jIvana khatare meM hai| 3. urvaraka evaM kITanAzakoM se bhUmi-pradUSaNa tejI se bar3ha rahA hai| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0091

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4.vanoM ke saphAyA hone se, jIva-jaMtuoM kI aneka prajAtiyA~ vilupta hotI jA rahI haiN| san 1600 se aba taka 120 jAtiyA~ stanadhAriyoM kI tathA 225 prajAtiyA~ pakSiyoM kI vilupta ho cukI haiM, aura isa sadI ke aMta taka 650 vanya prANiyoM kI prajAtiyA~ vilupta hone kI kagAra para haiM / vana-vinAza ke kAraNa na kevala varSA meM kamI AI hai, apitu bAr3ha, sUkhA, bhU-skhalana, bhU-rakSaNa, marusthalIkaraNa evaM anya pAristhitika- viMkSobhoM meM / nirantara vRddhi ho rahI hai| 5. pRthvI - tala se lagabhaga 100 ki.mI. U~cAI para 'ojona gaisa' kI eka pAradarzI rakSA-parata hai, jo parAbaiMganI aura brahmAMDa - kiraNoM jaisI ghAtaka saura kiraNoM ko pRthvI pahu~cAne se rokatI haiN| kala-kArakhAnoM, vAhanoM, vimAnoM Adi ke dhue~ se yaha ojona parata naSTa hotI hai / vizva meM karIba 750 hajAra Tana aisI viSailI gaiseM prativarSa vAtAvaraNa meM chor3I jAtIM haiM; jisase ojona para ghAtaka - asara hotA hai / uttarI dhruva 'aMTArkaTikA' ke Upara eka ojona chidra najara Ane lagA hai, jise vaijJAnikoM ne dekhA hai / 6. ANuvika-parIkSaNoM se ghAtaka reDiyodharmI - pradUSaNa bar3ha rahA hai, jisase aMtarikSa bhI pradUSaNa se rahita nahIM raha pA rahA hai| vigata 50 varSoM meM paryAvaraNa pradUSaNa kI samasyA jitanI vikaTa huI hai, utanI pichale 400 varSoM meM bhI nhiiN| isakA kAraNa hai ki manuSya ne prakRti kA atizaya - dohana karanA zurU kara diyA hai| hAla meM Aye bhayaMkara - bhUkaMpa kA eka kAraNa vaijJAnikoM ne bhUmi ke nIce jala-stara ke gira jAne se, bhUmi ke bhArI- zUnya paidA ho jAne kI saMbhAvanA se aisI saMhAraka-durghaTanA honA batAyA gayA hai| 2. jaina tIrthaMkaroM ke janma evaM tapa kalyANaka tathA paryAvaraNa : jainadharma prakRti ke sAtha tAdAtmya kI eka anokhI prastuti hai| tIrthakaroM ke janmakalyANaka kA saMbaMdha kSIrasAgara ke jala aura sumeru parvata ke hare bhare jaMgala meM sthita pANDukazilA para hone vAle abhiSeka se prAraMbha hotA hai / tapa- kalyANa meM bhAvI tIrthakara - tapazcaryA hetu vana kI ora prayANa karate haiM aura ve zAlmalI, jAmuna, baragada, azoka Adi vRkSoM ke nIce dhyAna meM lIna hote haiN| isake pIche bar3A rahasya chipA hai| vRkSa-prANavAyu (oNksIjana) kA janaka hotA hai| eka vRkSa apanI 50 varSa kI ausata Ayu meM lagabhaga 15 lAkha 70 hajAra mUlya kI prANavAyu dekara 'vAyu- zuddhikaraNa aura ArdratA - niyaMtraNa karatA hai / dhyAnAvasthA meM zvAsocchvAsa kI gati atyaMta maMda hone para bhI yogI-jana, kisI vRkSa ke nIce dhyAnastha hokara Avazyaka - prANavAyu prApta karate haiM / zukladhyAna ke phalasvarUpa arahaMta-avasthA meM tIrthaMkara ko aSTa-pratihAryoM kI prApti hotI hai, jinakA sambandha prakRti evaM paryAvaraNa se hai, jaise-- puSpavRSTi jo paryAvaraNa ko suvAsita karatA hai tathA azoka prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara 2002 0092

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vRkSa Adi haiN| bhagavAn gaMdhakaTI meM sthita siMhAsana para kamala hotA hai, usa kamala ke cAra aMgula Upara aMtarikSa meM zrI jinendradeva virAjamAna rahate haiN| yaha gaMdhakuTI aura kamala bhI prakRti kI zreSTha-prastuti kA pratIka hai| . . ___kevalajJAna' ke dasa atizayoM meM 100 yojana taka subhikSa honA tathA binA RtuoM ke phala aura phUla vRkSoM meM A jAnA bhI paryAvaraNa kI parama-zuddhi ke dyotaka haiN| . 3. caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke pratIka cihana aura paryAvaraNa : tIrthakaroM ke pratIka-cihna, paryAvaraNa-saMrakSaNa ke rahasya ko apane meM sameTe hue haiN| jainazramaNoM/muniyoM/tIrthakaroM kI digambara-mudrA prakRti aura paristhitikI kI mUla-avadhAraNA se jur3A huA hai| jaise prakRti meM koI AvaraNa nahIM, isIprakAra prakRtastha-jIvana bhI AvaraNarahita hotA hai| ataeva tIrthaMkaroM ne prakRti, vanya-pazu aura vanaspati-jagat ke pratIka-cihnoM se apanI pahacAna ko jor3a diyaa| inameM bAraha thalacara-jIva jaisevRSabha, hAthI, ghor3A, baMdara, gaiMDA, mahiSa, zUkara, sehI, kiraNa, bakarA, sarpa aura zera haiN| inameM zUkara prANiyoM se utsarjita-mala kA bhakSaNakara paryAvaraNa ko zuddha rakhanevAlA eka upakAraka-pazu hai| siMha ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI gyAraha pazu zAkAhArI haiM, jo zAkAhAra kI zakti ke saMdezavAhaka haiN| cakravAka nabhacara-prANI hai tathA magara, machalI aura kachuA jalacara-paMcendriya haiN| ye jala-pradUSaNa ko naSTa karane meM sahAyaka jala-jaMtu haiN| lAla evaM nIlA kamala tathA kalpavRkSa, vanaspati-jagat ke pratinidhi haiN| inameM kamala surabhita-puSpa hai, jo vAyumaNDala evaM paryAvaraNa ko na kevala saundarya pradAna karate haiM, varan mahakAte bhI haiN| isake alAvA svastika-cihna, vajradaNDa, maMgala-kalaza, zaMkha aura ardhacandra sabhI mAnava-kalyANa kI kAmanA ke pratIka haiN| isaprakAra ye caubIsa cihna kisI na kisI artha meM prakRti aura paryAvaraNa se jur3e hue haiN| 4. 'parasparopagraho jIvAnAm' banAma paryAvaraNa : AcArya umAsvAmI ne 'tattvArthasUtra' nAmaka grantha meM eka sUtra diyA-- "parasparopagraho jIvAnAm" (5/21) paraspara meM eka-dUsare kI sahAyatA karanA jIvoM kA upakAra hai| loka meM nirapekSa koI nahIM raha sakatA hai| eka bAlaka bar3A hokara jo upalabdhiyA~ prApta karatA hai, isameM usakI yogyatA/AtmapuruSArtha ke sAtha-sAtha mAtA-pitA, samAja, guru, satsaMgati, rAjyazAsana evaM paryAvaraNa Adi aneka sAdhana upakAraka banate haiN| hara eka vyakti pRthvI kI gurutvAkarSaNa-zakti se bhI jur3A hai| anyAnya-grahoM kI adRzya-zaktiyoM se prabhAvazAlI rahatA hai| usake astitva kI Dora-dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla aura pudgaladravya ke upakAraka-hAthoM meM bhI sauMpI huI hai| paryAvaraNa kA saMtulana aura prakRti kA saMdeza bhI, eka prANI ko dUsare prANI kA upakAraka bane rahane kA hai, jaise manuSyoM va prANiyoM dvArA tyAjya azuddha havA (kArbanaDAiAksAiDa) vanaspati-jagat ke liye grAhya-prANavAyu hai aura prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 bara 2002 1093

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vanaspatiyoM dvArA tyAjya-vAyu mAnava va prANiyoM ke liye grAhya-prANavAyu hai| paryAvaraNa kA saMtulana isI anyonyAzraya-siddhAnta para TikA huA hai| 5. jaina-saMskRti ke prANa tIrthakSetra, maMdira tathA paryAvaraNa : __ samasta jainatIrtha, atizaya aura siddhakSetra (nirvANa-kSetra) hare bhare vRkSoM se yukta parvata zikharoM, nadiyoM ke tIroM, bar3e jalAzayoM, jhIloM, Adi para avasthita haiN| cAhe vaha sammedazikhara kI pAvana nirvANa-bhUmi ho yA girinAra parvata, cAhe zravaNabelgolA kI vindhyagiri va candragiri kI manorama-upatyakAyeM hoM yA rAjasthAna ke mAuMTa AbU ke jaina maMdira, sabhI prakRti kI goda meM sthita haiM aura sabhI pradUSaNoM se mukta haiN| bundelakhaNDa ke atizayakSetra zrI devagar3ha, kuNDalapura, siddhakSetra sonAgiri, rezaMdIgiri Adi hoM yA gujarAta kA zatrujaya-kSetra parvata-mAlAoM se ghire zuddha-paryAvaraNa se yukta haiN| ___atIta-kAla meM sabhI jaina-maMdira udyAnoM yA sarovaroM se yukta bagIcoM meM huA karate the| isI prakAra zramaNoM kI tapasthalI nirjana evaM ghane vana yA parvata kI guphAe~ huA karatI thIM; kyoMki ve jana-kolAhala (dhvani pradUSaNa) se rahita, prANavAyu se ghanIbhUta-vAtAvaraNavAle sthAna hote the, jo dhyAna aura samAdhi ke liye bar3e sahAyaka hote haiN| Aja mahAnagara-saMskRti meM hamAre jaina-maMdira bastiyoM ke aMdara hI banane lage haiM, jahA~ udyAnamaya-pariveSa nahIM raha gayA hai| phira bhI una maMdaroM ke sevaka yA bhRtya, mAlI yA bAgavAna kahalAte haiN| jo isa tathya ke dyotaka haiM ki dhyAna aura upAsanA ke kendra, ye jaina-maMdira pahale udyAnoM se ghire hote the, jo vAyu, jala, dhvani, Adi pradUSaNoM se rahita huA karate the| isI rahasya ko eka kavi ne chaMdobaddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai jo draSTavya hai . jo vRkSoM se pUrNa jaina, parvata tIrthoM para thI paryApta, jahA~ sAdhanArata rahate the, muktiprApti-hita munivr-log| prANavAyu kI zuddha-prApti hI, mukhya-sahAyaka sAdhaka yog||' jaina-tIrthoM kA yaha vaijJAnikarUpa paryAvaraNa se jur3A huA hai| prAkRtika suSamA se yukta, svaccha zAMta-vAtAvaraNa meM ye jaina-tIrtha adhyAtma ke kendra haiM, jo prANavAyu ke bhaMDAra haiN| isake pIche vRkSoM, vanoM, udyAnoM ke saMvardhana aura rakSA kA bhAva hI vidyamAna hai| vahA~ grISmakAla meM bhI zItala Ardra vAyu bahatI rahatI hai, jo sUrya kI tapana ko kama kara detI hai| isIprakAra paryAvaraNa-saMrakSaNa meM ina tIrthoM kI eka mahattvapUrNa-bhUmikA hai| 6. ahiMsA aura paryAvaraNa : ____ ahiMsA, paryAvaraNa ke saMrakSaNa kA mUla-AdhAra hai| ahiMsaka AcAra-saMhitA dvArA, hama saMsAra ke jIvoM kI rakSA karake paryAvaraNa ko pUrNata: saMtulita rakha sakate haiN| ahiMsA jainadharma kA prANa hai| zrAvaka kI bhUmikA meM bhale hI AraMbhI, aura virodhI-hiMsA tyAjya nahIM hai; parantu vaha 40 94 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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saMkalpI-hiMsA kA pUrNatyAgI hotA hai| trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA kA pUrNatyAgI hokara vaha ekendriya sthAvara-jIvoM jaise--pRthvI, jala, vAyu, agni aura vanaspati kI bhI saMkalpapUrvaka virAdhanA nahIM karatA hai| isItaraha paryAvaraNa ko saMrakSita karane meM zrAvaka kI eka ahambhUmikA hotI hai| 7. zAkAhAra aura paryAvaraNa-saMtulana : ____ zAkAhAra aura paryAvaraNa kA colI-dAmana kA saMbaMdha hai| AcArya munizrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ne kahA hai ki "krUratAoM kI zakti kA bar3hanA, isa zatAbdI kA sabase bar3A abhizApa hai| isase samagra paryAvaraNa pradUSita huA hai aura loka-mana asvaccha huA hai| yuddha, raktapAta, AtaMkavAda, lUTa-khasoTa Adi isa bhISaNa prasthAna-bindu para jA rahe manuSya ko sarvanAza se, eka zAkAhAra hI bacA sakatA hai|" prakRti ne mAnava-AhAra ke liye aneka vanaspati va svAdiSTa-padArtha utpanna kiye haiN| vahIM pazu aura pakSI mAnava kI sevA karate haiN| ve eka ora prAkRtika-saMtulana banAe rakhane meM sahAyaka haiM, to dUsarI ora mAnava kA thor3A bhI pyAra pAkara vaphAdAra banakara sevA karate haiN| mAMsAhAra-hiMsA karatA kI jamIna se paidA honevAlA AhAra hai| paryAvaraNa ke pradUSita hone kI samasyA hiMsA se jur3I huI hai, tathA ahiMsA pradUSaNa-mukti kA sarvottama upAya hai| mAMsAhAra-pRthvI para jalAbhAva karane ko uttaradAyI hai| 'phrI-presa' iMdaura ke anusAra lagAtAra mAMsAhAra ke bar3hane ke kAraNa pazcima dezoM, vizeSata: uttarI-amerikA meM pAnI ke duSkAla kI bhayAvaha-sthiti paidA ho gaI hai| prApta AMkar3oM se jahA~ prati Tana mAMsa ke utpAdana ke liye lagabhaga 5 karor3a lITara jala kI jarUrata hotI hai| vahA~ prati Tana cAvala va gehU~ ke lie kramaza: 45 lAkha lITara va 5 lAkha lITara jala kI jarUrata hotI hai| isaprakAra amerikA meM katlakhAnoM ke kAraNa paryAvaraNa kI jo vikaTa-sthiti utpanna ho rahI hai, vaha bhArata kI hone ko hai| bhArata peTrola va videzI-mudrA ke lie pazudhana ko samApta karake videzI logoM kI ApUrti kara rahA hai, jisase deza meM lagabhaga 4800 bar3e katlakhAne aura hajAroM choTe-choTe katlakhAne haiM, jo prakRti aura paryAvaraNa ke duzmana haiN| duniyA kA koI jIvadhArI nahIM hai, jo sirpha mAMsAhAra para Azrita ho| use pratyakSa yA parokSa zarIra ke cayApacaya ke saMtulana ke liye zAkAhAra para nirbhara rahanA hotA hai| yaha kutarka diyA jAtA hai ki yadi sAre loga zAkAhArI ho jAveM, to zAkAhAra kama par3a jAyegA aura pazu-pakSiyoM kI AbAdI eka samasyA bana jaayegii| aisA socanA galata hai| eka arthazAstrI mAlthsa kA kahanA hai ki khAne-pIne kI cIjoM aura janasaMkhyA ke bIca saMtulana prakRti svayaM banAe rakhatI hai| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 4095

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8. zramaNAcAra evaM paryAvaraNa : .. ___jaina-muni kI jIvanabhara ke liye eka svIkRta caryA hai, jo paryAvaraNa-zuddhiparaka hotI hai| sAdhu ke aTThAIsa mUlaguNoM meM pA~ca mahAvratoM, pA~ca samiti, pA~ca iMdriyoM ke viSayoM kA nirodha, chaha-chaha Avazyaka aura sAta zeSa guNa hote haiN| samiti ke pAlanArtha vaha maunavrata (bolane kA saMyama) rakhatA hai, jo dhvani-pradUSaNa ke visarsana ke liye hai| mala-mUtra kA kSepaNa, nirjantu va ekAntasthAna meM karatA hai, jo vAyu-pradUSaNa ke bacAva ke liye hai| __ muni kA aparigraha-mahAvrata prakRti se atidohana kI pravRtti para aMkuza rakhane ke pratIkarUpa hai, zarIra ke snAnAdi-saMskAra nahIM karake jala apavyaya nahIM hone detA hai| dina meM eka bAra khar3e hokara zuddha sAttvika va ayAcita AhAra grahaNa karake manuSya kI bahuguNita-abhilASA ko virAma dene kA bhAva nihita hai; kyoMki manuSya kI anaMta icchAyeM hI prAkRtika saMkaToM kI jananI huA karatI haiN| 9. zrAvakacAra aura paryAvaraNa : zrAvaka bAraha prakAra ke AcAra kA pAlana karatA hai| 1. pA~ca aNuvrata-ahiMsANuvrata, ahiMsANuvrata, satyANuvrata, acauryANuvrata, brahmacaryANuvrata aura parigraha primaannuvrt| ye pA~coM aNuvrata mAnava ke bhItarI paryAvaraNa ko zuddha karake mana ko pavitra banAte haiM aura isase. aMtarjagat kA pradUSaNa dUra banatA hai| 2. tIna guNavrata haiM-- digvrata/dezavrata aura anrthdnnddvrt| anarthadaNDa ke pA~ca bheda haiM--apadhyAna, pApopadeza, pramAdAcarita, hiMsAdAna aura ashubhshruti| ina guNavratoM kA anuzIlana karane se bAhya-paryAvaraNa pradUSaNarahita banatA hai; kyoMki 'anarthadaNDa-vrata' ke aMdara vaha aise vyApAra karane kI salAha nahIM detA; jisase yuddha kI sambhAvanA ho yA prANiyoM ko kaSTa phuNce| anAvazyaka jaMgala kaTavAnA, jamIna khudavAnA, jala pradUSita karanA- ye pramAdacarita ke antargata AtA hai| viSailI gaisa kA prasAra karanA yA hiMsA ke upakaraNa denA hiMsAdAna hai| sAmpradAyika tanAva, jAtIya daMge Adi ko bar3hAnevAlI azubha-bAtoM ko sunanA/sunAnA azubhazruti hai| ina sabhI kA zrAvaka tyAgI hotA hai| 3. cAra zikSAvrata- sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsa, upabhoga-paribhogaparimANa aura atithisaMvibhAga, jIvana ko saMyamita rakhate haiM; jisase paryAvaraNa bhI saMyamita evaM maryAdita banA rahatA hai| 10. upasaMhAra : paryAvaraNa-vaijJAnika pahalU se jur3A hai| astu, jainadharma kI uparyukta samasta ghaTanAe~ sIdhI yA parokSa rUpa se paryAvaraNa se jur3I haiN| ata: jainadharma kA anuzIlaka, paryAvaraNa-santulana kA sampoSaka/samarthaka hotA hai| vizva ko prAkRtika prakopoM se chuTakArA dilAne ke liye vizvamAnya-siddhAnta-ahiMsA va zAkAhAra hI hai| 1096 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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8888888888 pustaka samIkSA (1) pustaka kA nAma : guruvANI (pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI munirAja ke pravacanoM kA marAThI anuvAda) anuvAdaka : zrI dhanyakumAra jainI prakAzaka : zrImatI sarayU daphtarI, C/o ratnatraya hITa eksaceMjarsa, vidyAnagarI mArga, kAlInA, ___ sAMtAkrUja (pUrva) muMbaI-400098 (mahArASTra) saMskaraNa : apraila 2000 I., (DimAI sAIja, peparabaika, lagabhaga 200 pRSTha) mUlya : 55/- rupaye ___ paramapUjya AcAryazrI ke pravacanoM ke pustakAkAra saMskaraNa kaI varSoM se prakAzita hote A rahe haiM, aura samAja meM hI nahIM apitu sAdhu-saMghoM meM bhI inakI bharapUra mA~ga rahatI hai| isakA eka pramukha kAraNa gaMbhIra se gaMbhIra viSaya ko sarala evaM subodha bhASAzailI meM prastuta karanA tathA samAja ko eka prAsaMgika dRSTi pradAna karanA hai| __ yadyapi pUjya AcAryazrI ne ye pravacana hindI-bhASA meM die the, tathA eka siddhahasta manISI ne inheM marAThI-bhASA meM anUdita karake mahArASTra ke dharmAnurAgiyoM ke lie pUjya AcAryazrI ke bhAvoM ko pahu~cAne kA mahanIya-kArya garimApUrvaka sampanna kiyA hai| etadartha vidvAn-anuvAdaka badhAI ke pAtra haiN| ____ supratiSThita udyogapati evaM vikhyAta samAjasevikA zrImatI sarayU daphtarI jI ne isakA prakAzana karAkara na kevala marAThI ke jaina-sAhitya ko samRddha kiyA hai, apitu pUjya AcAryazrI ke yugAMtarakArI maMgala-saMdezoM ko mahArASTra kI dharmaprANa janatA taka pahu~cAkara bahuta-upayogI samAjasevA kI hai| __ yaha pustaka apane starIya-prakAzana ke liye prazaMsanIya to hai hI, pratyeka marAThIbhASI jainazrAvakaM ke lie saMgrahaNIya, paThanIya evaM vicAraNIya bhI hai| -sampAdaka ** (2) pustaka kA nAma : prauDha prAkRta racanA saurabha (bhAga 1-2) lekhaka kA nAma : DaoN. kamalacanda sogANI prakAzaka : apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI, digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIrajI (rAja.) saMskaraNa : prathama bhAga 1999 I., dvitIya bhAga 2002 I. prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 1097

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mUlya : prathama bhAga 100/-, (paiparabeka, pRSTha 246) dvitIya bhAga 80/-, (paiparabeka, pRSTha 96) prAkRtabhASA ke svAdhyAyI jijJAsuoM ke lie yaha prakAzana nizcitarUpa se upayogI haiN| isameM adhyavasAyI vidvAn DaoN. kamalacaMda jI sogANI kI apanI viziSTa dRSTi aura kAryazailI pratibimbita hai| yadyapi prAkRtabhASA ke mUlabhUta niyamoM kI isameM kahIM-kahIM anadekhI bhI huI hai, yathA-- pada ke madhya meM halanta nakAra kA prayoga honA, prAkRta ke anurUpa nahIM hai| aise sthaloM meM anusvAra kA prayoga honA cAhie thA, kintu pratIta hotA hai ki pratyayoM ko darzAne ke lie aisI asAvadhAniyA~ kucha ho gaI haiN| samagrataH prAkRtabhASA ke vyAkaraNika niyamoM kI sUtrAnusArI jAnakArI ke lie yaha saMskaraNa upayogI hai, aura saMgrahaNIya bhI hai / -sampAdaka ** (3) pustaka kA nAma: madanajuddha kAvya mUla-lekhaka : mahAkavi bUcarAja sampAdana- anuvAda : DaoN. (zrImatI) vidyAvatI jaina prakAzaka saMskaraNa mUlya 00 98 bhAratavarSIya anekAnta vidvat pariSad : : prathama 1998 I. : upalabdha nahIM, paiparabeka, pRSTha 124 apabhraMza bhASA prAkRta evaM hindI ke bIca kI taha mahanIya kar3I hai, jo Adhunika rASTrabhASA ko hamArI prAcya - bhASAoM se jor3atI hai, aura bhArata kI bhASika evaM sAMskRtika ekatA ko nirdhArita karatI hai / apabhraMza bhASA ke sAhityakAroM meM jaina saMtoM aura vidvAnoM kA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rahA hai / yahA~ taka ki apabhraMza bhASA kA adhikAMza sAhitya inhIM ke dvArA likhA gayA hai / 12-13vIM zatAbdI I. ke yazasvI sAhityakAra mahAkavi bUcarAja ne lagabhaga 8 racanAe~ tathA anekoM gIta aura pada likhe haiM / inameM 'mayaNajuddha kavva' (madanayuddha kAvya) nAmaka kRti apane sAhityika gaurava ke kAraNa vidvajjagat meM prabhUta AdaraNIya rahI hai 1 I vibhinna graMtha-bhaNDAroM se isakI pANDulipiyoM kA saMkalana karake viduSI sampAdikA ne bharapUra parizramapUrvaqa isakA sampAdana evaM anuvAda kiyA hai| jainasamAja meM prAcIna pANDulipiyoM ke sampAdaka aura anuvAdaka vidvAn bahuta kama raha gaye haiM, aura naI pIr3hI meM yaha vidhA prAyaH anupalabdha hai| isa dRSTi se viduSI sampAdikA kA yaha kArya nitAnta AdaraNIya, sarAhanIya evaM anukaraNIya hai / yaha pustaka pratyeka jaina zrAvaka-zrAvikA evaM vidyAnurAgIjanoM ke lie apane nijI saMgraha meM rakhane yogya tathA paThanIya evaM vicAraNIya hai / - sampAdaka ** prAkRtavidyA+aktUbara-disambara 2002

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pustaka kA nAma : yazodharacaritam mUla-lekhaka : bhaTTAraka-sakalakIrti saMpAdaka : DaoN. bhAgacandra jaina 'bhAskara' . prakAzaka : sanmati risarca insTITyUTa oNpha iNDolaoNjI, sadara, nAgapura saMskaraNa : prathama 1988 I., pratiyA~ 1100 mUlya : upalabdha nahIM, pakkI jilda, pRSTha lagabhaga 184 ___ jainAcAryoM evaM manISiyoM ne prAkRta-apabhraMza bhASAoM ke sAtha-sAtha saMskRtabhASA evaM vibhinna kSetrIya bhASAoM meM sAhitya-sRjana karake na kevala jainatattvajJAna, kathAoM evaM anya bahuAyAmI jJAna-vijJAna kA vyApaka pracAra-prasAra kiyA hai; apitu una bhASAoM ke sAhitya ko bhI samRddha kiyA hai| 14vIM zatAbdI I. ke prasiddha vidvAn bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti saMskRta, prAkRta, hindI --ina tInoM bhASAoM ke adhikArI vidvAn the, tathA Apane kula ar3atIsa racanAe~ likhI haiM, jinameM se 30 racanAe~ kevala saMskRtabhASA meM hI nibaddha haiN| 'yazodharacaritam' unakI eka saMskRtabhASA nibaddha mahattvapUrNa racanA hai| vibhinna grantha-bhaNDAroM meM upalabdha isakI pANDulipiyoM kA tulanAtmaka pATha-sampAdana kara vidvAn sampAdaka ne isakA prakAzana kiyA hai| isameM prArambha meM graMtha kA kathAsAra lagabhaga anuvAda-zailI meM diyA gayA hai, tathA bAda meM graMtha kA mUlapATha sampAdita karake prakAzita karAyA hai| ___ yaha pustaka apane starIya prakAzana ke liye prazaMsanIya, paThanIya evaM vicAraNIya hai| -sampAdaka ** prAkRtabhASA gAme gAme Nayare Nayare, vilasadu paagdbhaasaa| sadaNe sadaNe jaNa-jaNa-vadaNe, jayadu ciraM jnnbhaasaa|| artha :- yaha prAkRtabhASA grAma-grAma meM aura nagara-nagara meM vilasita hotI rhe| yaha janabhASA ghara-ghara meM hI nahIM, apitu jana-jana ke mukha meM bhI cirakAla taka jayavanta rhe| AtaMkavAdI sasso ya bharadhagAmassa, sattasaMvaccharANi nnisseso| daDDhA DaMbhaNadoseNa, kumbhakAreNa rUDheNa / / artha :- mAyAcAra ke doSa se ruSTa hue kumbhakAra ne 'bharata' nAmaka gAMva kA dhAnya sAta varSa taka pUrNa rUpa se jalAyA thaa| prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 0099

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Abhamata 0 'prAkRtavidyA' kA julAI-sitambara '02 kA aMka apanI arjita sarvatomukhI prasiddhi ke anurUpa hai| isakI AtmA meM Apa adbhuta UrjA bharate haiM, hArdika bdhaaii| navatA aura bhavyatA sammAnya hai hii| projjvala pratibhA aura divya zrama kA sAtatya umra ke mu~hatAja nahIM hote| Apako saMsthAgata evaM rASTrIyatA sammAnoM se vibhUSita dekha yaha tathya aura bhI caritArtha hotA hai| zaMkarAcArya, AMgla kavi kITa aura zaile javAnI kI caukhaTa para hI cala base the, para unakI pratibhA ne unheM dikkAlajayI banA diyaa| Apa sAmpradAyika saMkIrNatA se pare rahakara hI kArya karate haiM, yaha punaH spRhaNIya arhatA hai| zata vasanta lageM aapko| dillI ke zyAmapakSa se pare rahakara Apa jameM, yaha punaH smartavya hai| -DaoN. ravIndra kumAra jaina, madrAsa ** (c) 'prAkRtavidyA' kA janavarI-jUna '02 kA aMka milaa| AbhArI huuN| AvaraNa-pRSTha para bhagavAn mahAvIra kI divya-pratimA ke citra ne ise nayanAbhirAma banA diyA hai| sArI sAmagrI paThanIya, mananIya evaM saMgrahaNIya hai| bhAratIya AsthA ke svara 'jana-gaNa-mana' ke dvArA eka naI jAnakArI milI hai, aabhaar| abhI taka maiM bhI yahI samajhatA thA ki yaha gIta gurudeva ne jArja paMcama ke sammukha gAyA thaa| itanI mahattvapUrNa zodhaparaka sAmagrI ke uccastarIya sampAdanapUrvaka prastutIkaraNa kI garimA 'prAkRtavidyA' ke alAvA anya kisI jaina-patrikA meM dRSTigocara nahIM hotii| Apake athaka zrama evaM pratibhA kA nitanUtana utkarSa 'prAkRtavidyA' ke aMkoM meM nirantara vRddhiMgata hotA parilakSita hotA hai| hArdika abhinndn| ___-aruNa kumAra jaina, variSTha abhiyaMtA, bhuvanezvara (ur3IsA) ** 0 prAkRtavidyA' ke aMka bahuta sucArita khojapUrNa evam jJAnapUrNa lekhoM se prakAzita hokara barAbara prApta ho rahe haiM, usake lie Apako dhanyavAda / Apa evam ApakI yaha patrikA nirantara unnati karatI rahe, aisI maMgala bhAvanA rakhatA huuN| __-rUpacanda kaTAriyA, rAnI bAga, naI dillI ** 0 'prAkRtavidyA' kA julAI-sitambara 2002 kA aMka milaa| AvaraNa-pRSTha para mudrita jainasamAja ke gaurava mahApuruSoM ke citra dekhakara hRdaya pulakita ho gyaa| sAtha hI aise susamRddha vyakti kitane dharmaparAyaNa aura dharmaprabhAvaka the? --yaha jAnakara vizeSa prasannatA huii| aMka meM prakAzita sabhI Alekha gahana zodhapUrNa evam mananIya haiM, aisI utkRSTa sAmagrI ke lie hArdika saadhuvaad| -paM. prakAza candra jaina jyotirvida, mainapurI (u.pra.) ** 00 100 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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suprIma korTa ne kahA- sarakArI sahAyatA vAle saMsthAnoM meM gaira-alpasaMkhyakoM ko bhI dAkhilA mile alpasaMkhyakoM ko zikSA-saMsthAna kholane kI manamAnI kI nahIM naI dillI, 31 aktUbara / suprIma korTa ne ne kahA hai ki dhArmika va bhASAI alpasaMkhyakoM ko apanI pasaMda ke zikSA-saMsthAna sthApita karane kA pUrA saMvaidhAnika adhikAra hai| lekina unake saMcAlana meM ve manamAnI nahIM kara skte| aisI saMsthA jo sarakArI sahAyatA bhI na letI ho, taba bhI zaikSika utkRSTatA ke lie sarakAra unake lie niyama banA sakatI hai| sarakArI sahAyatA na lene vAlI alpasaMkhyaka saMsthAoM--skUla Adi meM praveza-prakriyA para sarakAra niyaMtraNa nahIM kara sakatI, para vyAvasAyika zikSA saMsthAoM meM praveza meM pAradarzitA sunizcita karane ke lie sarakAra jarUrI nirdeza de sakatI hai| - mukhya nyAyAdhIza bI.ena. kirapAla kI adhyakSatA vAlI 11 jajoM kI saMvidhAna pITha ne yaha ahama vyavasthA guruvAra ko seMTa sTIpheMsa kAleja vivAda va saikar3oM dUsare mAmaloM kA nipaTArA karate hue dii| adAlata ne kahA hai ki sarakArI sahAyatA se calane vAlI alpasaMkhyaka zikSA-saMsthAeM prabaMdhana ke mAmale meM sarakArI niyamoM aura nirdezoM kI anadekhI nahIM kara sktiiN| ye niyama-vyavasthA meM pAradarzitA aura stara kI guNavattA ke maddenajara jarUrI haiN| adAlata ne kahA ki alpasaMkhyaka saMsthAe~ anuccheda 30 (1) ke tahata apane adhikAroM kA istemAla karate vakta anuccheda 29 (2) ke prAvadhAnoM kA bhI pAlana kreNgii| jinameM vyavasthA hai ki jAti, nasla aura bhASA ke AdhAra para koI bhedabhAva nahIM ho sktaa| isa mAmale meM eka pahalU para jajoM ke bIca matabheda the| mukhya nyAyAdhIza bI.ena. kirapAla, nyAyamUrti ke.jI. bAlakRSNana, nyAyamUrti jI.bI. paTanAyaka, nyAyamUrti rAjeMdra bAbU, nyAyamUrti pI.vI. reDDI va nyAyamUrti arijita pasAyata isa rAya ke the ki sarakArI sahAyatA nahIM lene vAlI alpasaMkhyaka saMsthAoM ko bhI praveza meM manamAnI kA adhikAra nahIM mila sktaa| jabaki nyAyamUrti esa.ena. variyAvA, nyAyamUrti vI.ena. khare, nyAyamUrti esa.esa.ema. kAdarI, nyAyamUrti rUmA pAla va nyAyamUrti azoka bhAna isa mudde para alaga rAya ke the ki sahAyatA na lene vAlI alpasaMkhyaka saMsthAoM ke lie bhI sarakAra praveza va niyukti ke niyama banA sakatI hai| 11 jajoM kI saMvidhAna pITha ne unnIkRSNana mAmale meM suprIma korTa kI tarapha se prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara 2002 00 101

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pratipAdita vyavasthA ko ulaTa diyA aura kahA ki alpasaMkhyaka zikSA saMsthAe~ bhI praveza kI Ar3a meM chAtroM se kaipiTezana phIsa vasUla nahIM kara sktiiN| ____ alpasaMkhyaka zabda kI vyAkhyA kA prakaraNa suprIma korTa meM kAphI samaya se vicArAdhIna thaa| mUla vivAda dillI ke seMTa sTIpheMsa kAleja meM IsAI chAtroM ko praveza meM varIyatA dene ke prakaraNa meM zuru huA thaa| magara bAda meM deza bhara kI dUsarI saikar3oM yAcikAe~ bhI isI vivAda se jur3a gii| suprIma korTa ke pahale ke nirNaya nau jajoM kI saMvidhAna pITha ke the, so saMvaidhAnika prAvadhAnoM kI nae sire se vyAkhyA ke lie 11 jajoM vAlI bar3I saMvidhAna pITha bnii| mukhya nyAyAdhIza bI.ena. kirapAla ke sAtha isameM nyAyamUrti jI.bI. paTanAyaka, nyAyamUrti vI.ena. khare, nyAyamUrti esa. rAjeMdra bAbU, nyAyamUrti esa.esa.esa.ema. kAdarI, nyAyamUrti rumA pAla, nyAyamUrti pI.vI. reDDI, nyAyamUrti azoka bhAna, nyAyamUrti esa.ena. variyAvA, nyAyamUrti ke.jI. bAlakRSNana aura nyAyamUrti arijita pasAyata the| __ adAlata ne vyavasthA dI ki alpasaMkhyaka varga ko apanI pasaMda kI zikSA saMsthAeM sthApita karane kA maulika adhikAra to hai magara aisI saMsthA agara sarakAra se Arthika sahAyatA letI hai, to sarakAra usake prabaMdhana kI nigarAnI kara sakatI hai| sarakArI sahAyatA se calane vAlI 'alpasaMkhyaka zikSA-saMsthA na to praveza meM manamAnI kara sakatI hai aura na sarakArI niyama-kAnUnoM se Upara mAnI jA sakatI hai| para jo alpasaMkhyaka saMsthA sarakAra se sahAyatA nahIM letI, usake prabaMdhana meM sarakAra yA vizvavidyAlaya ko nyUnatama hastakSepa karanA caahie| para aisI saMsthAe~ bhI chAtroM ke praveza meM pAradarzitA brteNgii| alpasaMkhyaka varga ke chAtroM ko praveza meM varIyatA dene kI unheM chUTa hogI para koI kasauTI unheM bhI taya karanI hI hogii| saMvidhAna pITha ne anuccheda 30 (1) ko anuccheda 29 (2) ke sAtha jor3akara vyAkhyA kii| anuccheda 29 (2) meM prAvadhAna hai ki kisI ke sAtha jAti, nasla yA bhASA ke AdhAra para bhedabhAva nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| alpasaMkhyaka kauna hai? isa savAla kI adAlata ne koI naI vyAkhyA nahIM kii| alabattA sApha kiyA ki rAjyoM kA purnagaThana bhASA ke AdhAra para huA thaa| alpasaMkhyaka dhArmika aura bhASAI donoM AdhAra para ho sakate haiN| para kisa rAjya meM kauna isa zreNI meM AegA, yaha rAjya ke hisAba se sarakAra taya kregii| sarakArI sahAyatA na lene vAlI alpasaMkhyaka zikSA-saMsthAoM ko bhI sarvocca adAlata ne do zreNiyoM meM rakhA hai| eka jo pAraMparika zikSA pradAna karatI hai| unameM praveza prabaMdhana apanI vyavasthA se kara sakatA hai, magara usameM pAradarzitA honI caahie| dUsare zreNI meM vyAvasAyika zikSA dene vAlI saMsthAe~ AeMgI jahA~ praveza pUrI taraha pratibhA ke AdhAra para hoMge jisake lie rAjya sarakAra yA vizvavidyAlaya saMyukta-praveza-parIkSA Ayojita karane ko adhikRta hoNge| sarakArI sahAyatA na lene vAlI alpasaMkhyaka-saMsthAe~ apane varga ke chAtroM ko praveza meM varIyatA de sakatI haiM para unheM kucha chAtra to dUsare vargoM ke bhI lene pdd'eNge| donoM meM kyA 40 102 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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anupAta hogA, isakA phaisalA rAjya sarakAra AbAdI ke anupAta aura kSetrIya - paristhitiyoM ke AdhAra para kara sakatI hai / alpasaMkhyaka chAtroM kI kula saMkhyA ko bhI phaisalA karate vakta dhyAna meM rakhanA hogA / alpasaMkhyaka zikSA-saMsthAe~ agara sarakAra se Arthika sahAyatA nahIM letIM, to sTaoNpha ke bAre meM anuzAsana-saMbaMdhI niyama bhI prabaMdhana banA sakatA hai| lekina zikSakoM va priMsipala Adi kI niyukti karate vakta aisA prabaMdhana rAjya sarakAra ke niyamoM ko mAnegA / kahA jA rahA hai ki saMvidhAna pITha kA phaisalA zikSA kSetra meM 'mIla kA patthara' sAbita hogA aura sevA kI Ar3a meM manamAnI va munAphAkhorI karane kI pravRtti para aba prabhAvI aMkuza lgegaa| lekina jo alpasaMkhyaka - saMsthAe~ pAradarzitA kA khyAla kareMgI unheM apanI viziSTapahacAna barakarAra rakhane kA pUrA adhikAra mila gayA hai 1 - - ( 'janasattA', pR. 1 aura 13, dinAMka 1.11.2002) ikSvAkuvaMzI tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva 'prathama hI tIrthaMkara rUpa paramezvara kau, vaMza hI ikSvAku - avataMsa hI kahAyau hai / vRSabha lAJchana paga dhorI rahe dhIMga jAve, dhanya marudevI tAkI kukSI meM Ayau hai / rAMjaRddhi chora kari bhicchAcara bhesa bhaye samatA santoSa gyAna kevala hI pAyo hai / nAbhirAyajU ko nanda namai udaya kahata giri zatruMjai prAkRtavidyAaktUbara-disambara 2002 sura-nara-vRnda, hai / / ' suhAyo - ( caubIsa jina savaiyA, 1 ) artha : * bhagavAn zrIvRSabhadeva prathama tIrthaMkara haiN| vaha paramezvara ke sAkSAt rUpa haiM / bhagavAn ikSvAkuvaMzI haiN| yaha ikSvAku nAma samasta lokavizruta vaMzAvalI meM alaMkArabhUta hai / bhagavAn caraNa-tala meM vRSabha kA cihna zobhAyamAna hai| mAtA marudevI dhanya haiM, jinakI kukSi meM (garbha meM) Adi jinaparameSThI ne nivAsa kiyA hai| unhoMne rAjakIya laukika samRddhi-sampadA kA parityAga kara svecchA se bhikSAjIvI veSa ko ( munivRtti ko ) dhAraNa kiyA hai| samatA, santoSa aura kevalajJAna bhagavAn ne prApta kiye haiM / zrI RSabhadeva zrInAbhirAya ke nandana haiM-- Anandavardhana haiM, unheM sura, nara namaskAra karate haiN| zrIzatruMjaya tIrtha zaila para nivAsa karate hue udaya nAmaka sukavi ne bhagavAn kI stuti meM yaha padya likhA hai| DO 103

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EGE8888888 samAcAra-darzana dakSiNa bhArata jaina sabhA kA zatAbdI-samAroha sampanna bhAratavarSa kI pramukha jaina saMsthA 'dakSiNa bhArata jaina sabhA' kA zatAbdI-samAroha zrI kundakunda bhAratI ke bhavya prAMgaNa meM dinAMka 22 disambara 2002 ko atyanta garimApUrvaka sampanna huaa| isa samAroha meM paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ne jainasamAja ke mahApuruSoM kI yazogAthA saMkSepa meM batAte hue yaha spaSTa kiyA ki bIsavIM zatAbdI meM kina-kina mahApuruSoM ne jainasamAja aura paramparA kI rakSA kI, tathA kaise-kaise ise Age bddh'aayaa| unhoMne vartamAna paristhitiyoM meM samAja ke netRtva ko ApasI matabheda bhulAkara jainadharma ke pracAra-prasAra ke lie tathA samAja ko itihAsa ke anurUpa gauravapUrNa sthAna dilAne ke lie milajula kara saMgaThita prayAsa karane para jora diyaa| ____ isa samAroha meM 'di ratnAkara baiMka li.' ke adhyakSa DaoN. annAsAhaba copar3e ne bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2600veM janmakalyANaka-varSa ke nimitta dakSiNa bhArata jainasabhA' dvArA nirmita kI gaI 'svaNaviSTita' evaM 'rajatamayI' bhavya-mudrAoM kA lokArpaNa kiyA, aura ratnAkara baiMka dvArA tathA vyaktigata rUpa se bhI janahitakArI kAryoM ke prati samarpaNa kA saMkalpa dohraayaa| . samAroha kI adhyakSatA karate hue 'akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina tIrthakSetra kameTI' ke adhyakSa sAhUzrI rameza candra jaina ne kahA ki pUjya AcAryazrI ke pAvana sAnnidhya meM vigata pacAsa se bhI adhika varSoM se yaha samAja unnati ke nae AyAma vikasita karatA rahA hai, aura aise pAvana saMtoM se hI samAja ko naI dizA mila sakatI hai| samAroha meM padhAre hue mahAnubhAvoM kA bhAvabhInA svAgata dakSiNa bhArata jainasabhA' ke vartamAna adhyakSa zrI Ara.ke. jaina ne kiyaa| tathA kRtajJatA-jJApana dakSiNa bhArata jainasabhA kI pUrva adhyakSa dharmAnurAgiNI zrImatI sarayU daphtarI ne kiyaa| svAgatAdhyakSa zrI cakreza jaina bijalIvAloM ne svAgata-bhASaNa prastuta kiyA, tathA dakSiNa bhArata jainasabhA ke padAdhikAriyoM evaM sadasyoM ne atithiyoM kA mAlyArpaNa evaM zaoNla-samarpaNa se abhinandana kiyaa| - sabhA ke prAraMbha meM zrImatI zAlinI jaina evaM zrI aravinda mukheDakara ke maMgala-bhajana hue, tathA DaoN. vIrasAgara jaina ne maMgalAcaraNa kiyaa| samAroha kA garimApUrNa saMyojana evaM saMcAlana DaoN. sudIpa jaina ne kiyaa| isa kAryakrama meM dakSiNa bhArata jaina sabhA' ke sadasyagaNa tathA dillI jainasamAja ke dharmAnurAgI bhAI-bahina bar3I saMkhyA meM upasthita the|-smpaadk ** 00 104 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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sAhU ramezacandra jI jaina 'mAsa kamyUnikezana' ke adhyakSa bane sampUrNa digambara jainasamAja ke sarvamAnya netA tathA 'akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina tIrthakSetra kameTI', 'akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina pariSad', 'kundakunda bhAratI nyAsa' Adi saMsthAnoM ke adhyakSa. 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha' evaM 'sAhU jaina TrasTa' ke prabaMdha-nyAsI dharmAnurAgI sAhU zrI ramezacandra jI jaina ko vizvastarIya saMcAra mAdhyama evaM sUcanA praudyogikI ke pramukha saMsthAna 'mAsa kamyUnikezana' kA mAnada adhyakSa manonIta kiyA gayA hai| unakA kAryakAla AgAmI do varSa taka rhegaa| yaha eka atyanta mahattvapUrNa sammAna hai, aura AdaraNIya sAhU jI ko yaha gaurava prApta hone para dezabhara ke vibhinna saMsthAoM ke pratinidhiyoM evaM samAja ke gaNamAnya logoM ne hArdika badhAI aura abhinandana kI bhAvanAe~ preSita kI haiN| kundakunda bhAratI prAMgaNa meM bhI dakSiNa bhArata jaina sabhA' ke 'zatAbdI-samAroha' meM isa nimitta sAhU jI kA vizeSata: abhinandana kiyA gyaa| ___kundakunda bhAratI nyAsa evaM prAkRtavidyA-parivAra kI ora se AdaraNIya sAhU ramezacandra jI ko isa zubha-prasaMga para hArdika abhinandana ke sAtha unake sudIrgha yazasvI evaM svastha jIvana ke lie hArdika maMgalakAmanAe~ samarpita haiN| -sampAdaka ** pro. rAjArAma jI ya.jI.sI. kI samiti ke sadasya manonIta vizvavidyAlaya anudAna Ayoga (yU.jI.sI.) naI dillI ne 'rASTrapati dvisahasrAbdI puraskAra sammAna' se sammAnita tathA prAkRtavidyA' ke pradhAna sampAdaka, kundakunda bhAratI ke mAnada-nidezaka pro. (DaoN.) rAjArAma jaina, ArA (bihAra) ko apanI vijiTiMga kameTI kA sadasya manonIta kiyA hai| yaha samiti lakhanaU vizvavidyAlaya tathA kunda anya vizvavidyAlayoM kI navamI paMcavarSIya yojanA kI samIkSA karegI tathA dasavIM paMcavarSIya yojanA ke lie vizvavidyAlaya ke vibhinna prArUpoM kA Akalana kara yU.jI.sI. ko apanI riporTa prastuta kregii| ___ saMbhavata: yaha prathama avasara hai jaba ukta kamIzana ne jainasamAja ke kisI vidvAn ko apanI ukta ati mahattvapUrNa kameTI kA sadasya manonIta kiyA hai| isa gauravapUrNa upalabdhi ke lie DaoN. jaina kA hArdika abhinaMdana / -sampAdaka ** 'aNuvrata puraskAra' kI dhanarAzi kundakunda bhAratI meM samarpita naitikatA evaM ahiMsA ke uttama vicAroM kA jIvana bhara pracAra-prasAra karane ke phalasvarUpa isa varSa kA aNuvrata puraskAra variSTha sAhityakAra padmazrI yazapAla jaina ko ghoSita kiyA gayA; parantu unake parijanoM ke anusAra ve isa sambandha meM bar3e ni:spRha the aura jainadarzana ke zodhapUrNa adhyayana ko bahuta adhika bar3hAvA denA cAhate the, jisakI carcA ve bArambAra paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja se milakara karate rahate the; ata: unhoMne ukta puraskAra kI sampUrNa dhanarAzi 1,21,000 rupaye kundakunda bhAratI zodha-saMsthAna meM zodhaparaka gatividhiyoM ke saMcAlanArtha samarpita kara dii| ukta dhanarAzi kA caika mahAmahima uparASTrapati ke karakamaloM se dinAMka 8 disambara ko prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00 105

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unake nivAsa para Ayojita yazapAla jI kRti 'antardRSTi' ke lokArpaNa samAroha meM kundakunda bhAratI ke vidvAn DaoN. vIrasAgara jaina ne prApta kiyaa| DaoN. vIrasAgara jaina ne isa samAroha meM yazapAla jI ke utkRSTa-lekhana kA guNAnuvAda karate hue kundakunda bhAratI ke navanirmita-pustakAlaya kA paricaya diyA aura prApta dhanarAzi ke lie hArdika kRtajJatA bhI prakaTa kii| -prabhAta jaina ** 'akhila bhAratIya prAcya vidyA sammelana' kA 41vA~ satra purI meM Ayojita pUnA (mahArASTra) ke supratiSThita saMsthAna 'bhaNDArakara oriyaMTala risarca iMsTITyUTa' ke dvArA Ayojita honevAlA 'akhila bhAratIya prAcya vidyA sammelana' isa bAra ur3IsA ke pavitra nagara 'purI' meM garimApUrvaka Ayojita huaa| yaha isa sammelana kA 41vA~ satra thaa| isake 'prAkRta evaM jainavidyA' varga meM dezabhara ke 50 se adhika pratiSThita vidvAn sammilita hue| isa satra kI adhyakSatA ArA (bihAra) ke DaoN. rAmajI rAya ne kii| dillI se isameM DaoN. sudIpa jaina ke netRtva meM kula cAra vidvAnoM (pro. zaziprabhA jaina, zrImatI raMjanA jaina, prabhAta kumAra dAsa, zrImatI. maMjUSA seThI) ne apane garimApUrNa zodhapatra prastuta kiye, jinheM samAgata manISiyoM ne muktakaMTha se sraahaa| ur3IsA kI jainasamAja ke vizeSa anurodha para dinAMka 15-12-2002 kA aparAhnakAlIna satra 'khaNDagiri-udayagiri' kSetra para Ayojita kiyA gyaa| isa nimitta eka cArTarDa basa dvArA sabhI vidvAn 'purI' se yahA~ padhAre, tathA unhoMne hAthIgumphA kA aitihAsika khAravela-zilAlekha dekhA, aura usakA vistRta paricaya DaoN. sudIpa jaina se prApta kiyaa| isake atirikta unhoMne rAnIguphA Adi anekoM purAtAttvika mahattva ke zramaNa-saMskRti ke purAvazeSoM kA avalokana kiyA, aura khaNDagiri para sthita jaina-maMdiroM aura prAcIna guphAoM kA bhI darzana kiyaa| isake bAda ur3IsA jainasamAja dvArA Ayojita vizeSa-samAroha meM unhoMne ur3IsA meM jaina-saMskRti ke vividha AyAmoM para apane gaveSaNApUrNa vicAra vyakta kiye| kSetra ke maMtrI zrI zAMti kumAra jaina ne samAgata vidvAnoM kA tilaka, uttarIya-samarpaNa evaM sAhitya-bheMTapUrvaka bhAvabhInA svAgata kiyaa| tathA satra kA saMcAlana zrI aruNa kumAra jaina, iMjIniyara ne kiyaa| isa satra meM samAgata vidvAnoM ne do mahattvapUrNa prastAva bhI pAsa kie. jinameM prathama prastAva ke aMtargata khaNDagiri parvata para sthita guphAoM meM jo jinabimba utkIrNita haiM, ve digambara jaina-paramparA ke haiM --yaha puSTa karate hue ur3IsA sarakAra evaM purAtattva vibhAga se vahA~ para hue atikramaNa ko zIghra haTAne aura vahA~ kI sAMskRtika garimA banAne kI mA~ga kii| tathA dvitIya prastAva ke aMtargata sabhI vidvAnoM ne eka svara se bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi vaizAlI kuNDalapura' yA 'videha kuNDapura' hI hai, -ise apanI svIkRti pradAna kii| kAryakrama meM kaTaka evaM bhuvanezvara Adi kI jainasamAja ke padAdhikArI evaM kAryakartAgaNa bhI bar3I saMkhyA meM upasthita rhe| -sampAdaka ** DaoN. bhArilla 'mahAmahopAdhyAya' ke viruda se vibhUSita bhAratIya vidyAbhavana, caupATI ke khacAkhaca bhare vizAla haoNla meM Ayojita samAroha meM 00 106 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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vANIvibhUSaNa, AdhyAtmika tattvajJAnI, jainaratna, adhyAtmadivAkara, vidyAvAcaspati, paramAgamavizArada, adhyAtma ziromaNi Adi anekAneka upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita tattvavettA DaoN. hukamacandajI bhArilla ko adhyAtma sTaDI sarkila, mumbaI dvArA mahAmahopAdhyAya kI upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai| adhyAtma sTaDI sarkila digambara-zvetAmbara Adi sabhI jainoM meM adhyAtma kA pracAra-prasAra karanevAlI bahucarcita saMsthA hai| DaoN. bhArilla vigata bIsa varSa se isa saMsthA se jur3e huye haiM aura unakA sahayoga isake janma se hI lagAtAra ise prApta ho rahA hai| DaoN. bhArilla ke pravacanoM kA AkarSaNa hI eka aisA AkarSaNa hai; jo saMsthA ko dina-dUnI rAta caugunI pragati dilA rahA hai| -sampAdaka ** prAkRta-manISI pro. satyaraMjana banarjI ko rASTrapati-sammAna prAcya bhAratIya bhASAoM ke vizeSajJa tathA prAkRtabhASA evaM jainavidyA ke kSetra meM kaI dazakoM se samarpita rUpa se kArya karanevAle vizvavikhyAta yazasvI vidvAn pro. satyaraMjana banarjI ko varSa 2002 kA rASTrapati-sammAna ghoSita kiyA gayA hai| unheM yaha sammAna pAlibhASA ke kSetra meM kArya karane ke lie diyA gayA hai| pro. banarjI 'jaina jarnala' nAmaka pratiSThita zodha-patrikA ke kaI varSoM se sampAdaka haiM, tathA kalakattA. dillI evaM lADanUM Adi aneMko sthAnoM para prAkRtabhASA aura sAhitya ke samunnayana ke lie samarpita bhAva se pichale kaI dazakoM se kAma kara rahe haiN| prAkRtavidyA-parivAra unakI isa abhUtapUrva upalabdhi ke lie unakA hArdika abhinaMdana karatA hai, aura unakI dIrghAyu evaM acche svAsthya ke sAtha anavarata sAhitya-sevA ke lie apanI maMgalakAmanAe~ sAdara samarpita karatA hai| -sampAdaka ** zrIkRSNa semavAla ko rASTrapati-sammAna 2002 dillI saMskRta-akAdamI ke saciva tathA rAjadhAnI meM pichale kaI dazakoM se saMskRtabhASA aura sAhitya ke pracAra-prasAra ke lie samarpita manISI DaoN. zrIkRSNa semavAla jI ko varSa 2002 kA saMskRtabhASA-viSayaka rASTrapati-puraskAra' ghoSita huA hai| bhAratIya bhASAoM ke ina viziSTa manISI evaM samarpita samAjasevI ko yaha puraskAra nizcaya hI mahattvapUrNa upalabdhi hai, aura unakI isa upalabdhi se samasta bhAratIya bhASApremI gauravAnvita haiN| prAkRtavidyA-parivAra unakI isa abhUtapUrva upalabdhi ke lie unakA hArdika abhinaMdana karatA hai, aura unakI dIrghAyu evaM acche svAsthya ke sAtha anavarata sAhitya-sevA ke lie apanI maMgalakAmanAe~ sAdara samarpita karatA hai| ____sampAdaka ** zrI rAjendra jaina ko rAjya-sammAna tilakavAr3I belagAma (karnATaka) ke supratiSThita nAgarika zrI rAjendra jaina ko bAladivasa ke avasara para bAla kalyANa ke kSetra meM unakI ullekhanIya sevAoM ko dRSTigata rakhate hue karnATaka rAjya sarakAra ne unheM sammAnita kiyA hai| 14 navambara 2002 ko baMgalaura meM Ayojita eka rAjakIya samAroha meM mahAmahima rAjyapAla zrI TI.ena. caturvedI jI ne unheM prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 . 00 107

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%e0008 PRETATER SOBHd.com zrI rAjendra jaina ko sammAnita karate huye karnATaka ke rAjyapAla zrI TI.ena. caturvedI yaha sammAna zaoNla, zrIphala, puSpa-stabaka, mAnada-rAzi evaM prazasti-patra ke sAtha samarpita kiyaa| jJAtavya hai ki zrI rAjendra jaina ne belagAma aura usake AsapAsa ke jiloM meM hajAroM upekSita aura pichar3e varga ke baccoM ke utthAna ke lie bahuAyAmI kArya kiye haiN| -sampAdaka ** vidvatpariSad dvArA maMgalatIrtha-yAtrA kA dvitIya caraNa prAta: smaraNIya paM. gaNezaprasAdajI varNI dvArA sthApita zrI akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvatpariSad isa varSa 22 se 30 disambara taka bundelakhaNDa kI maMgala tIrthayAtrA kA saphala Ayojana karane jA rahI hai| smaraNa rahe ki disambara 2001 meM Ayojita dakSiNa bhArata kI maMgala tIrthayAtrA Aja bhI vidvatvarga ke mAnasapaTala para aMkita hai| aba yaha bandelakhaNDa kI yAtrA isake dvitIya caraNa ke rUpa meM avismaraNIya rhegii| kAryakrama ko antimarUpa diyA jA rahA hai| vidvatpariSad ke jo sadasya mahAnubhAva isa yAtrA kA lAbha lenA cAheM ve tatkAla samparka kreN| -akhila baMsala, durgApurA, jayapura ** ena.sI.I.Ara.TI. kI itihAsa-sambandhI pustakoM meM saMzodhana rASTriya zaikSika anusaMdhAna evaM prazikSaNa pariSad dvArA prakAzita itihAsa kI pAThyapustakoM meM jainadharma-darzana ke mahApuruSoM tathA bhAratIya saMskRti ke anya mahApuruSoM ke bAre meM jo anargala tathA tathyarahita bAteM prakAzita thIM, unheM saMzodhita evaM parimArjita kara tathyapUrNa rIti se sammAnya zabdAvali meM naye sire se nirmita kara prakAzita kiyA gayA hai| ____ isa sambandha meM uccatama nyAyAlaya ke mAnanIya nyAyAdhIzoM- 1. nyAyamUrti ema.bI. zAha, 2. nyAyamUrti DI.esa. dharmAdhikArI evaM 3. nyAyamUrti eca.ke. semA ne eka svara se baccoM ko saMskRti ke mahApuruSoM evaM bhAratIya dharma-darzana ke udAtta vicAroM ko sikhAne kI anivAryatA para bala dete hue ina pustakoM ke prakAzana kA mArga prazasta kiyA hai| 00 108 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara 2002

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sa daka** ena.sI.I.Ara.TI. ke nidezaka pro. rAjapUta jI ne bar3e hI santulana, sUjhabUjha evaM dUradarzitApUrNa nIti se yaha kArya sampanna karAyA hai tathA yaha prakriyA Age nirantara cAlU rakhane kI pratibaddhatA bhI vyakta kI hai| bhASAoM ko bacAne kA vizva-abhiyAna bhArata ko zuru karanA cAhie naI dillI, 29 aktUbara, jnsttaa| bhASAe~ isa samaya saMkaTa meM haiN| isalie jaise paryAvaraNa ko bacAne ke lie vizva abhiyAna saphalatApUrvaka calA hai, vaise hI manuSya kI vividhatA ko sunizcita karane ke lie bhASAoM ko bacAne kA eka vizva-abhiyAna bhI bhArata ko zurU karanA caahie| yaha bAta Aja yahA~ mahAtmA gAMdhI aMtarrASTrIya hindI vizvavidyAlaya ke kulapati azoka vAjapeyI ne khii| ve 21vIM sadI kI vAstavikatA: bhASA, saMskRti aura TeknolaoNjI' viSaya para tIna divasIya seminAra ke udghATana ke avasara para bola rahe the| iMDiyA iMTaranezanala seMTara meM ho rahe isa seminAra kA Ayojana 'mahAtmA gAMdhI aMtarrASTrIya hindI vizvavidyAlaya' aura kendrIya bhAratIya bhASA saMsthAna, maisUra' dvArA sAjhA taura para kiyA gayA hai| - apane svAgata vaktavya meM unhoMne isa bAta para prakAza DAlA ki bhASA kA saccAI se kyA saMbaMdha hai| unhoMne kahA ki bhASA saccAI para hamArI pakar3a kA sabase vizvasanIya mAdhyama hai| jo bhASA meM saca nahIM hai use anyathA saca mAnane meM kaThinAI hotI hai| bhASA saccAI ko sirpha prakaTa hI nahIM karatI balki usako badalatI aura usameM hamArI zirakata ko sunizcita karatI hai| udghATana samAroha ke daurAna zaileMdra kumAra siMha aura ena.eca. iTaigI dvArA saMpAdita pustaka 'liMgvisTika laiMDaskepiMga ina iMDiyA' kA lokArpaNa pro. jI.ena. devI ne kiyaa| pahale satra meM haidarAbAda vizvavidyAlaya ke pro. probala dAsaguptA ne apane vaktavya meM kahA ki bhAratIya bhASAoM ke bhaviSya ko prabhAvita karanevAlI nirNAyaka gatividhiyA~ aba jyAdAtara aMgrejI keMdrita bhAratIyoM ke bIca ho rahI haiM. jinake jIvana aura kAryoM kA bhAratIya bhASAoM para gaharA asara hai| eka maratI huI bhASA ke rUpa meM triniDADa-bhojapurI para apane adhyayana ke anubhava kA ullekha karate hue paigI mohana ne kahA ki Aja kI hiMdI kA saMkaTa bhI yahI hai ki bhale hI usakI bhASika saMracanA sthira aura svastha ho magara bhASika sAmAjika saMketaka usakI jIvaMtatA para chAe khatare kI ora izArA kara rahe haiN| AI.AI.TI. dillI ke pro. vAgIza zuklA ne 'phrI sophTaveyara: e kalcara iMpareTiva' viSaya para bolate hue kahA ki kucha cIjeM TeknolaoNjI thopa rahI hai| unhoMne kahA ki saoNphTaveyara hI taya kara rahA hai ki Apa kaise likheN| yadi Apa alaga taraha se likhane kI koziza karate haiM, to kaMpyUTara use svIkAra nahIM krtaa| vaktAoM se savAla-javAba meM kRSNA sobatI aura anvitA abbI sahita kaI prabuddha zrotA zAmila hue| satra kI adhyakSatA rukmiNI mAyA nAyara ne kii| ___ dUsare satra meM puNe se Ae pro. lakSmaNa ema. khUbacaMdAnI ne kahA ki eka jamInI pariprekSya se dakSiNa eziyA ke bhASika sAMskRtika paridRzya kA jAyajA leM, to kaI nAmoM se jAnI prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00 109

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jAnevAlI urdU-hiMdI-hiMdustAnI kA saMgama isa kSetra kA eka vizeSa ceharA prastuta karatA hai| kolakAtA se Ae patrakAra palAza caMdra vizvAsa ne kahA ki bhAratIya bhASAoM ke prati durAgraha aura aMgrejI moha ke calate rASTrabhASA aura rAjabhASA kI rAjanIti se kamAne-khAne vAle loga hiMdI ko alaga-thalaga karane meM juTe haiN| jabaki itihAsa aura vartamAna hiMdI se bhAratIya bhASAoM ke aTUTa aura sukhada-dAmpatya ko hI rekhAMkita karate haiN| isa satra kI adhyakSatA Aloka rAya ne kii| -sampAdaka ** "madhyapradeza kI jaina virAsata' para pradarzanI Ayojita madhyapradeza kI rAjadhAnI bhopAla' meM dinAMka 17 se 25 aktUbara 2002 taka rAjya sarakAra kI ora se sthAnIya 'rAjya saMgrahAlaya' meM purAtattva abhilekhAgAra evaM saMgrahAlaya ma. pra. ke Ayukta kI ora se eka vizAla evaM garimApUrNa pradarzanI kA Ayojana kiyA gayA, jisameM madhyapradeza kI jaina virAsata' kI gauravapUrNa prastuti kI gyii| isa avasara para eka paricayAtmaka laghupustikA bhI prakAzita kI gyii| isa samasta Ayojana ke sUtradhAra dharmAnurAgI zrI DaoN. sureza jaina, AI.e.esa. bhopAla rahe, jinakI niSThA, lagana evaM samarpaNa se yaha anukaraNIya Ayojana sampanna ho skaa| -sampAdaka** prAkRta-manISI DaoN. ke.Ara. candrA nahIM rahe vayovRddha prAkRtamanISI evaM yAvajjIvana prAkRta-adhyayana anusaMdhAna-lekhana evaM sampAdana meM saMlagna rahe vidvadvarya DaoN. ke.Ara. candrA, ahamadAbAda (guja.) kA aktUbara 2002 ke prathama saptAha meM dehAvasAna ho gayA hai| isI zrutapaMcamI ko unheM pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI kI pAvana-sannidhi meM zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA-sAhitya-viSayaka 'AcArya vidyAnanda puraskAra' se sammAnita kiyA gayA thaa| 'prAkRtavidyA' parivAra kI ora se divaMgata AtmA ko sugatigamana, evaM bodhilAbha kI maMgalakAmanA ke sAtha vinamra zraddhAsumana samarpita haiN| -sampAdaka ** manISI-pravara paM. amRta lAla jI jaina divaMgata vayovRddha jainamanISI evaM saMskRta-prAkRta Adi bhASAoM ke viziSTa vidvAn paM. amRtalAla jI jaina vArANasI kA dinAMka 8 navambara 2002, ko dehAvasAna ho gyaa| saMskRta kAvya-racanA meM siddhahasta vidvadvarya paM. amRtalAla jI saMskRta ke Azukavi ke rUpa meM vikhyAta the, tathA vArANasI ke vidvAnoM ke bIca ApakI viziSTa garimA thii| jainasamAja kI atulanIya sevA karanevAle paM. jI sAhaba yAvajjIvana sAdagI kI mUrti banakara dharmaprabhAvanA karate rhe| 'prAkRtavidyA' parivAra kI ora se divaMgata bhavya-AtmA ko sugatigamana, evaM bodhilAbha kI maMgalakAmanA ke sAtha vinamra zraddhAsumana samarpita haiN| -sampAdaka ** prAkRtavidyA ke svatvAdhikArI evaM prakAzaka zrI surezacandra jaina, maMtrI, zrI kundakunda bhAratI, 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-110067 dvArA prakAzita; evaM mudraka zrI mahendra kumAra jaina dvArA, mai. ghUmImala vizAlacaMda ke mArphata prama priMTiMga varksa cUr3IvAlAna, cAvar3I bAjAra, dillI-110006 meM mudrit| bhArata sarakAra paMjIyana saMkhyA 48869/89 00 110 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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isa aMka ke lekhaka-lekhikAe~ 1.AcAryazrI vidyAnanda munirAja-bhArata kI yazasvI zramaNa-paramparA ke utkRSTa uttarAdhikArI evaM abhIkSNa-jJAnopayogI saMta paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja vartamAna munisaMghoM meM variSThatama haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'jagadguru' zIrSaka Alekha ApakI puNya-lekhanI dvArA prasUta hai| ____ 2. (sva.) DaoN. mahendra kumAra nyAyAcArya--jainadarzana evaM nyAyazAstra ke prakANDa manISI tathA siddhahasta lekhaka DaoN. mahendra kumAra jI sazarIra vidyamAna na hote hue bhI apane kAlajayIkRtitva ke mAdhyama se cirakAla taka bhAratIya-manISA ko digdarzana karate rheNge| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'prAkRta-apabhraMza zabdoM kI arthavAcakatA' zIrSaka-Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| 3. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina--Apa magadha vizvavidyAlaya meM prAkRta, apabhraMza ke prophesara' pada se sevAnivRtta hokara zrI kundakunda bhAratI jaina zodha saMsthAna ke nidezaka' haiN| anekoM mahattvapUrNa granthoM, pAThyapustakoM evaM zodha-AlekhoM ke yazasvI-lekhaka bhI haiN| Apako varSa 2000 kA 'prAkRtabhASA-viSayaka' 'rASTrapati sammAna' samarpita kiyA gayA hai| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'bhagavAn mahAvIra ke vyaktitva kA darpaNa: vaDDhamANa-cariu' nAmaka Alekha ke lekhaka Apa haiN| patrAcAra-patA--mahAjana TolI naM. 2, ArA-802301 (bihAra) 4. satyadeva vidyAlaMkAra--bhAratIya saMskRti, itihAsa evaM darzana ke suprasiddha hastAkSara indaura-nivAsI zrI vidyAlaMkAra jI kI ukta kSetroM meM prAmANika pratiSThA hai| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'jainadharma meM rASTradharma kI kSamatA vidyamAna hai' zIrSaka-Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| 5. vidyAvAridhi DaoN. mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA--Apa jainavidyA ke kSetra meM suparicita hastAkSara haiM. tathA niyamita rUpa se lekhanakArya karate rahate haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'ratnatraya aSTaka' nAmaka hindI kavitA ke racayitA Apa haiN| patrAcAra-patA-394, sarvodaya nagara, AgarA roDa, alIgar3ha-202001 (u.pra.) 6. DaoN. rAjendra kumAra baMsala--Apa oriyaMTala pepara milsa, amalAI meM kArmika adhikArI ke pada se sevAnivRtta huye, jainasamAja ke acche svAdhyAyI vidvAn haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmasthalI nAlaMdA kuNDalapura-Agamasammana nahIM' zIrSaka Alekha ApakI 'lekhanI se prasUta hai| patrAcAra-patA--bI.-369, o.pI.ema. kAlonI, amalAI-484117 (ma.pra.) ___7. DaoN. jAnakI prasAda dvivedI-- varSa 1997 ke 'AcArya umAsvAmI puraskAra' se sammAnita DaoN. dvivedI sAranAtha (vArANasI) sthita tibbatI zikSaNa saMsthAna' meM saMskRta ke 'AcArya' pada para kAryarata haiN| kAtaMtra-vyAkaraNa' ke saMbaMdha meM Apake dvArA kiyA gayA zodhakArya advitIya hai| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'brAhmaNa-zramaNam prayoga kI sArthakatA' nAmaka Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| sthAyI patA-esa.19/134, e.sI.1, jadIda bAjAra, nadesara, vArANasI kaiNTa-221002 (u.pra.) 8. DaoN. ramezacaMda jaina-Apa bhI jainadarzana ke gaveSI-vidvAn hai| saMprati Apa jaina kaoNleja, bijanaura (u.pra.) meM saMskRta evaM jainadarzana ke vibhAgAdhyakSa haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'vaidika aura jaina saMnyAsI meM ullikhita samatAe~' nAmaka Alekha Apake dvArA likhita hai| sthAyI patA-jaina maMdira ke pAsa, bijanaura-246701 (u.pra.) prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002 00 111

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9. DaoN. suSamA siMghavI-Apa koTA mukta vizvavidyAlaya ke udayapura-saMbhAga kSetra kI nidezikA haiN| tathA jainavidyA evaM prAkRta-vAGmaya kI viduSI haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'darzanazAstra antarmukhI banAtA hai aura pradarzana bahirmukhI' zIrSaka-Alekha Apake dvArA likhita hai| __ patrAcAra patA--470, o.TI.sI. skIma, udayapura-313001 (rAja.) 10. DaoN. kapUracaMda jaina evaM DaoN. jyoti jaina--jainadarzana evaM sAhitya ke sAtha-sAtha sAmAjika cetanA ke lie samarpita dmptti| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'ajAtazatru bhaiyyA mizrIlAla gaMgavAla' zIrSaka-Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| sthAyI patA--saMskRta vibhAga, kundakunda jaina mahAvidyAlaya, khataulI-251201 (u.pra.) 11. DaoN. sudIpa jaina-zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI meM 'prAkRtabhASA vibhAga' meM variSTha upAcArya haiN| anekoM pustakoM ke lekhaka, smpaadk| prastuta patrikA ke mAnada sampAdaka' / isa varSa Apako prAkRtabhASA-viSayaka 'rASTrapati-sammAna' (yuvA) se sammAnita ghoSita kiyA gayA hai| isa aMka meM prakAzita sampAdakIya-Alekha evaM pustaka-samIkSAoM Adi ke atirikta jaina-paramparA meM AcAryatva' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA likhita hai| sthAyI patA--bI-32, chattarapura eksaTeMzana, naMdA phArma ke pIche, naI dillI-110030 12. DaoN. sata deva--Apa prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa, saMskRti evaM purAtattva vibhAga, kurukSetra vizvavidyAlaya, kurukSetra (hariyANA) meM prAdhyApaka haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'rohataka se prApta aprakAzita jaina mUrtiyA~' zIrSaka-Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| ___ 13. DaoN. vIrasAgara jaina--Apa hindI bhASA-sAhitya evaM jainadarzana ke vikhyAt vidvAn haiN| samprati Apa zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI meM jainadarzana vibhAga ke adhyakSa haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita jJAna aura viveka' kA hindI anuvAda Apake dvArA racita hai| patrAcAra patA- zrI kundakunda bhAratI, kaTavAriyA sarAya, naI dillI-110067 14. azoka vaziSTha bhAratIya patrakAra-jagat meM jAne-mAne lekhaka aura samIkSaka haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'jagadIza caMdra basu' zIrSaka-Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| 15. sunIla kumAra siMha--kaniSTha zodha-adhyetA. (bhAratIya dArzanika anusaMdhAna pariSad), bAbAsAheba bhImarAva ambeDakara, bihAra vizvavidyAlaya, (darzana-vibhAga), mujaphpharapura-842001 isa aMka meM prakAzita 'vartamAna pariprekSya meM jainadharma-darzana ke ahiMsA-vicAra kI prAsaMgikatA' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA likhita hai| sthAyI patA--grAma-cA~dI, po. haraulI, jilA-vaizAlI-844101 (bihAra) 16. dilIpa dhIMga--Apa acche sAmAjika kAryakartA evaM kavi haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'sAdhaka hotA draSTA-jJAtA' zIrSaka kavitA Apake dvArA likhita hai| sthAyI patA--TreDa hAusa, dUsarI maMjila, 26, azvinI mArga, udayapura (rAjasthAna) 17. paM. nihAlacaMda jaina--Apa bInA (ma.pra.) meM zAsakIya ucca mAdhyamika vidyAlaya meM prAcArya pada para kAryarata haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita lekha 'paryAvaraNa-saMrakSaNa aura jainadharma' Apake dvArA likhita hai| sthAyI patA--zAsakIya ucca mAdhyamika vidyAlaya, kra. 3, bInA (sAgara) m.pr.| ** 00 112 prAkRtavidyA aktUbara-disambara '2002

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| aMtima-AvaraNa-paSTha para mudrita citra ke bAre meM yunAna meM nirgranya-paramparA kA prabhAva aMtima AvaraNa-pRSTha para mudrita-mUrtizilpa yUnAna ke etheMsa nagara meM prApta huI hai| tathA vahA~ yaha 'amRtazilA' kI pratimA ke rUpa meM vikhyAta hai| 'jarmana prAcya vastuzAlA' ke anusaMdhAna kAryakrama ke antargata prApta isa pratimA kA kAlanirNaya manISiyoM ne IsApUrva chaThavI-sAtavIM zatAbdI kiyA hai| isaprakAra yaha mUrtizilpa mahAvIrayugIna yA usase bhI pUrvavartI pramANita hotA hai| yaha nirgrantha-mudrA kA mUrtizilpa hai, jo eka nagna yogI kI kAyotsarga-dhyAnamudrA ko darzAtA hai| kalA-zailI kA yUnAnI-prabhAva hote hue bhI bhAratIya adhyAtma kI jhalaka isameM spaSTa hai| ___ yUnAna meM nirgrantha-saMtoM evaM dArzanikoM kI IsApUrvakAla se upasthiti anekoM gaveSI vidvAnoM ne anekatra svIkAra kI hai| isase vahA~ nirgrantha-paramparA evaM vicAradhArA kA cirantana-prabhAva sUcita hotA hai| itihAsaprasiddha tathya hai ki sikandara ke anurodha para kalyANamuni yUnAna gaye the aura etheMsa nagara meM hI 'seMTa kaulAnasa' ke nAma se unakI samAdhi Aja bhI vidyamAna hai| kiMtu yaha mUrtizilpa inase bhI kaI zatAbdI pahile se nirgrantha-paramparA kA yUnAna meM vyApaka-prabhAva pramANita karatA hai| - IsApUrva meM yUnAna meM nirgrantha-paramparA ke astitva evaM prabhAva ke bAre meM DaoN. bI.ena. pANDe ke vicAra mananIya haiM- "yUnAnI itihAsa se patA calatA hai ki IsA se kama se kama cAra sau varSa pUrva ye digambara bhAratIya tatvavettA pazcimI eziyA meM pahuMca cuke the| popa ke pustakAlaya ke eka lAtInI Alekha se, jisakA hAla meM anuvAda huA hai, patA calatA hai ki IsA kI janma kI zatAbdI taka ina digambara bhAratIya dArzanikoM kI eka bahuta bar3I saMkhyA ithiyopiyA (aphrIkA) ke vanoM meM rahatI thI aura aneka yUnAnI vidvAn vahIM jAkara unake darzana karate the aura unase zikSA lete the| yUnAna ke darzana aura adhyAtma para ina digambara mahAtmAoM kA itanA gaharA prabhAva par3A ki cauthI sadI I.pU. meM prasiddha yUnAnI vidvAna piro ne bhArata Akara unake graMthoM aura siddhAMtoM kA yAni bhAratIya adhyAtama aura bhAratIya darzara kA vizeSa adhyayana kiyA aura phira yUnAna lauTakara elisa nagara meM eka yUnAnI darzana paddhati kI sthApanA kii| isa naI paddhati kA mukhya siddhAMta thA ki iMdriyoM dvArA vAstavika jJAna kI prApti asaMbhava hai, vAstavika jJAna kI prApti kevala aMta:karaNa kI zuddhi dvArA hI saMbhava hai aura usake liye manuSya ko sarala se sarala jIvana vyatIta karake AtmasaMyama aura yoga dvArA apane aMtara meM dhaMsanA caahie| bhArata se lauTane ke bAda piro digambara rahatA thaa| usakA jIvana itanA sarala aura saMyamI thA ki yUnAna ke loga use bar3I bhakti kI dRSTi se dekhate the| vaha yogAbhyAsa karatA thA aura nirvikalpa samAdhi meM vizvAsa karatA thaa|" / - (sAbhAra uddhRta-- bhArata aura mAnava saMskRti, khaNDa II, lekhaka- bizambaranAtha pANDe, pR. 128, prakAzaka- prakAzana vibhAga, sUcanA aura prasAraNa maMtrAlaya, bhArata sarakAra, san 1996)

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Printed by : DHOOMI MALVISHAL CHAND Tel. : 23266775, 23269186 yunAna ke etheMsa nagara meM prApta mahAvIrayugIna kAyotsarga-mudrA meM avasthita nirgrantha nagna-pratimA -(sucanA srota-'kannar3aprabhA', kannar3a dainika, 12 maI 2002, pRSTha 7, 'deza-videza' kaoNlama ke antargata prakAzita)