________________
90
6.4. Pārsva temple at Hale-(old)-Belgola, six kms away from Śravanabelagola, was built in A. D. 1094 during Mahāmaṇḍaleśvara Ereyanga's time (A. D. 10931102). (Ereyanga was the father of Hoysala Visnuvardhana, A. D. 1108-52). A noteworthy point of this temple is the sculpture of Dharanendra holding a bow in his left arm and conch in the right arm [ibid., 568 (V CP. 148) A. D. 1094, pp. 349-51). Similar Dharanendra image is elsewhere seen, too, for example, in Kambadahalli; a coiled-cobra behind Dharanendra, and the Maladhara class of the Vidyadharas near him, are indicative of his exhaulted divine character. Pañcakūta basadi in Kambadahalli (Mandya/Dt/Ng Tk) was built in C. E. 900 [MAR 1939. p. 45]; H. Sircar puts the date between A. D. 900 and 1000 [Jaina Art and Architecture, Vol. II., Ed. A. Ghosh, p. 218], and K. V. Sounderarajan puts it at A. D. 975 [Encyclopaedia of South Indian Temples-upper Dravida-Desa, Vol. I, part-II. eds., Michael W. Meister and M. A Dhaky, Delhi 1986, pp. 198-99]. It is interesting to note that the ceiling of the navranga-hall of this ĀdināthaJinālaya is adorned with a beautifully carved sculpture of Dharanendra Yakṣa amidst asta-Dikpälas, the Regents of the Quarters. Similar sculpture is found in two other basadis; one at the Hale-Belagola and the other at Muttatti, both in Hassan district. In the ceiling of the Säntinätha basadi at Kambadahalli, the sculpture depicts Arhat Pārśva in padmāsana, surrounded by aṣṭa-Dikpälas; this Śāntiśvara temple (now in ruins) was built in the early 12th cent. A. D., and a later grant is also recorded [EC. VII(R) Ng. 29. A. D. 1174. p. 18]
7.
Hampa Nagarajaiah
nearby village, by Nayakīrtideva, a disciple of Hiriya (senior) Nayakīrtideva [ibid., 535 (385). A. D. 1250].
6.4.1. A record of Sanena-halli, which gives an account of Gangaraja, registers the gift of the village Govindaväḍi for the worship of the gods Pārsva and Kukkuțeśvara made by him after washing the feet of Subhacandra-siddhäntadeva [ibid., 547 (397). A. D. 1119.]. It may be noted that Bahubali is mentioned as Kukkuţesvara. On the hill of Kanakagiri at Maleyuru (Mysore Dt) there is an old Parsva temple (renovated, however, at different periods) Pārsva temple which is referred as Kanakagiri-śri-Vijaya-devaru [EC. IV (R) Ch. 355. A. D. 1422. p. 237]: hemādrauvara-Pārsvanatha-jinape dīkṣāśrita satphala [ibid., Ch. 360. 1674. p. 240] and Kanakacala-Pärsveśa-pujärtham pañca-parvasu (ibid., Ch. 371. A. D. 1181, p. 245] which registers a gift of the village Kinnaripura for the worship of Parsva on the Kanakacala during the performance of the five festivals and for feeding ascetics daily by Acyutavīrendra-sikyapa, a great physician. This temple belongs to the period of the Gangas and a five feet tall Pärśva image in kayotsarga posture in the garbhagṛha, and the two gorgeous images of Padmavati and Jvālāmālinī of the same height sit in opposite directions facing each other.
8.
Jain Education International
Nirgrantha
Another Kanakagiri-kṣetra and tirtha (Mandya Dt/Maddur Tk) is one of the early centres of Jainism, which was referred to at the beginning of this paper. A
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