Indian Antiquary Vol 39

Author(s): Richard Carnac Temple
Publisher: Swati Publications

Page 29

JANUARY, 1910.)
THE ARTHASASTRA OF CHANAKYA.
23
Peace with no specific end (aksitachikfrsb), peace with binding terms (kritasleshaya), the breaking of peace (kļitavidusbaņa), and restoration of peace broken (apabirņakriya) are other forms of peace.
Open battle, treacherous battle, and silent battle, (i.e., killing an enemy by employing spies when there is no talk of battle at all) are the three forms of battle.
When, by making use of conciliation and other forms of stratagem and the like, a new agreement of peace is made and the rights of equal, inferior, and superior powers concerned in the agreement are defined according to their respective positions, it is termed an agreement of peace with no specific end (other than self-preservation).
When, by the employment of friends at the Courts of each other), the agreement of peace made is kept secure and the terms are invariably observed and strictly maintained so that no dissension may creep among the parties, it is termed peace with binding terms.
When, having proved through the agency of traitors and spies the treachery of a king, who has made an agreement of peace, the agreement is broken, it is termed the breaking of редсе.
When reconciliation is made with a servant, or a friend, or any other renegade, it is termed the restoration of broken peace.
There are four persons who run away from, and return to their master : one who had reason to run away and to return; one who had no reason either to run away or to return; one who had reason to run away, but none to return; and one who had no reason to run away, but had reason to come back.
He who runs away owing to bis master's fault and returns in consideration of (his master's) good nature, or he who runs away attracted by the good nature of his master's enemy and returns finding fault with the enemy is to be reconciled as he had reason to run away and to return.
Whoever runs away owing to his own fault and returns without minding the good nature either of his old or new master is a fickle-minded person having no explanation to account for his conduct, and he should have no terms of reconciliation.
Whoever runs away owing to his master's fault and returns owing to his own defects, is a renegade who had reason to run away, but none to return; and his case is to be well considered (before he is taken back).
Whoever returns deputed by the enemy; or of his own accord, with the intention of hurting his old master, as is natural to persons of such bad character ; or coming to know that his old master is attempting to put down the enemy, his new master, and apprehensive of danger to himself ; or looking on the attempt of his new master to destroy his old master as cruelty should be examined ; and if he is found to be actuated with good motives, he is to be taken back respectfully; otherwise, he should be kept at a distance.