Jain Dharm Mimansa 03

Author(s): Darbarilal Satyabhakta
Publisher: Satyashram Vardha
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010100/1

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23 satprasandeza grantha-mAlA * jainadharma-mImAMsA [bhAMga 3] [ chaTTA adhyAya ] -satyabhakta

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vIra sevA mandira dillI krama masyA kAla na0 khaNDa 60

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satya-sandeza granthamAlA kA 23vA puSpa jainadharma-mImAMsA nIsarA bhAga [chaTA adhyAya] kekhakaH--darabArIlAla satyabhakta navambara 1942 prathama saMskaraNa * * mUlya Der3ha rupayA

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prakAzakaraghunandanaprasAda 'vinIta' maMtrI-satya-sandeza granthamAlA, satyAzrama, vardhA. (sI. pI.) maMtrI-satyAzrama maMDala satyazvara prinTiMga presa

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prastAvanA isa mImAMsA ke do bhAga nikala cuke, yaha tIsarA bhAga hai, aura isake sAtha yaha mImAMsA pUrI ho rahI hai / isa bhAga meM AcAra-zAstra kA vistRta vivecana hai / pichale do bhAgoM ke samAna isa bhAga meM bhI jaina-dharma kI vivecanA meM krAnti huI hai / jainadharma kA marma pragaTa kiyA gayA hai aura Aja ke dezakAla ke anurUpa parivartana kiyA gayA hai, pugena rUmoM kA ThIka ThIka paricaya dekara unakI AlocanA kI gaI hai, pichale do hajAra varSoM meM jainadharma meM jo vikRti A gaI hai vaha bhI dUra kI gaI hai| jo sudhAraka sampradAya bheda aura andhazraddhA ko dUra kara eka abhinna aura vaijJAnika jainadharma kI upAsanA karanA cAhate haiM unheM yaha mImAMsA anta taka aura pUrI taraha patha pradarzaka kA kAma degI / ___mImAMsA kA yaha bhAga jainajagat yA satya-sandeza meM 16 mArca 1934 se lagAkara 16 jUna 1935 taka savA varSa meM prakAzita ho pAyA thaa| aba sAta varSa bAda vaha pustakAkAra nikala rahA hai / pustakAkAra chapAte samaya maiMne eka naz2ara z2arUra DAla lI hai aura kahIM kahIM kalama se chU bhI diyA hai, para jise saMzodhana kahate haiM vaha maiM nahIM kara pAyA huuN| samaya aura ruci kA abhAva hI isakA kAraNa hai / para isase pustaka kI upayogitA kisI bhI taraha kama na samajhanA cAhiye / isa pustaka ke prakAzana meM kalakatte ke bAbU choTelAla jI ne

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[-kha ] 500) kI sahAyatA dI hai| unase isa saMsthA ko aura sahAyatA milI hai, para dAna ke bAre meM nAma-moha kA saMyama jitanA unameM hai vaha asAdhAraNa hai / aisI bAtoM meM apanI tArIpha sunakara ve lajjita hI nahIM ho jAte, para khinna bhI ho jAte haiM; isaliye yahAM unakI tArIpha nahIM kI jAtI hai / hAM ! samajhadAroM ke liye ina zabdoM meM bhI kAphI ho cukI hai / unake bAre meM eka bAta aura kahanA hai / jainadharma-mImAMsA ke prathama bhAga kI prastAvanA ke prArambha meM jina zrImAn sajjana kA ullekha huA hai, bAtacIta meM jinake praznoM ke uttara maiMne Aja se karIba gyAraha varSa pahile diye the aura isIse jinane mere jainadharma viSayaka va vicAroM ko lipibaddha karane kA tIvra Agraha kiyA thA- ve zrImAna sajjana aura koI nahIM, kintu yahIM bAbU choTelAlajI 1 I haiM / isaliye mImAMsA ke prakAzana meM hI nahIM, kintu nirmANa meM bhI bAbu choTelAlajI nimitta kAraNa rahe haiM / isaliye jo loga isa jainadharma-mImAMsA ke dRSTikoNa ko pasanda karate haiM unheM bAbU choTelAlajI kA bhI kRtajJa honA cAhiye, aura jo isa pustaka ke dRSTikoNa ko pasanda nahIM karate, ve cAheM to bAbU choTelAlajI ko mana hI mana gAliyA~ de sakate haiN| para ve agara isa pustaka ke tInoM bhAgoM ko dhyAna se par3ha jAyeMge to gAliyoM ke pApa se mukta ho jAya~ge / satyAzrama, vardhA. 2 akTUmbara 1942 - darabArIlAla satyabhakta

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viSaya-sUcI 167 238 1 samyakcAritra kA svarUpa 2 ahiMsA 3 satya 4 acaurya 5 brahmacarya 6 aparigraha (pUMjIvAda Adi kI AlocanA) 7 pUrNa aura apUrNa cAritra 8 munisaMsthA ke niyama (pracalita mUlaguNoM kI AlocanA aura 11 mUlaguNoM kA vidhAna) 181 9 dvAdazAnuprekSA 10 dazadharma (bAraha tapa aura dAna kA vistRta vivecana) 247 11 pariSaha vijaya 291 12 gRhastha-dharma 299 13 gRhasthoM ke mUlaguNa 14 jainatva 15 nityakRtya 16 sallekhanA 17 aticAra 339 18 pratimA 346 19 guNasthAna 356 20 upasaMhAra 366 s 321 328 s s 3

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jainadharma-mImAMsA ke tIna bhAga agara Apa jainadharma kA pUrNa aura vaijJAnika paricaya pAnA cAhate haiM to Apa jainadharma-mImAMsA ke tInoM bhAga z2arUra par3hiye / satyasamAja ke saMsthApaka svAmI satyabhaktajI ne gyAraha bAraha sau pRSThoM meM jainadharma kA jaisA sulajhA huA sAgapUrNa rUpa nicor3a kara rakha diyA hai vaisA Apako anyatra kahIM na milegA / kaThina se kaTina viSaya ko khUba sarala banAyA hai aura aisI aisI gusthiyA~ sulajhAI gaI hai, jo abhI taka kabhI na sulajhI thii| prAyaH hara eka bAta meM digambara-zvetAmbara granthoM ke havAle diye gaye haiM / prathama bhAga meM dharma kA vyApaka rUpa, ma. mahAvIra ke pahile kI hAlata, ma. mahAvIra kA vistRta jIvana-cAritra, unake atizayoM Adi kI vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa se vyAkhyA, unake bAda honevAle sampradAya, upasampradAya nihatra Adi kA vivecanA pUrNa paricaya, samyagdarzana kA sAgapUrNa vistRta vivecana, Adi hai / dUsare bhAga meM sarvajJatva kI vistRta AlocanA, jJAna ke sabhI bheda prabhedoM kA vistRta varNana, aMga pUrva Adi kA rahasyodghATana aneka carcAoM kI susaMgati Adi hai| ___tIsare bhAga meM samasta jainAcAra kI Adhunika DhaMga se vistRta vyAkhyA hai jo ki Apake hAtha meM hai / raghunandanaprasAda 'vinIta' maMtrI-satyAzrama, vardhA (sI. pI.)

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jainadharma-mImAMsA chaTA adhyAya mamyak cAritra . .. ... . - - - samyakcAritra kA rUpa kalyANamArga kA tIsarA aMza samyakacAritra hai / samyadarzana aura mAnyagjJAna samyaka cAritra ke liye haiM isaliye jabataka cAritra na ho tabataka darzana jJAna niSphala hI samajhanA caahiye| jisa tattva para vizvAsa kiyA thA, jisa tatva ko jAnA thA usakA AcaraNa samyaka cAritra hai / tInoM kA viSaya eka hI hai / kalyANa ke mArga para vizvAsa, kalyANa ke mArga kA acchI taraha jAnanA, kalyANa ke mArga para calanA yahI ratnatraya hai| anya vastuoM ko tumane jAna liyA vizvAsa bhI kara liyA parantu yadi ve AcAra ke liye upayogI na huI to unase samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna kA koI sambandha nahIM / yahI kAraNa hai ki samyagjJAna kI pUrNatA ke liye samasta padArthoM ko jAnane kI jarUrata nahIM hai sirpha

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2] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA tattva ko arthAt kalyANamArga ke liye upayogI yA AcaraNIya bAtoM ko jAnanA jarUrI hai isIliye samyagdarzana meM tattva para vizvAsa karane para jora diyA jAtA hai / samyakcAritra kA lakSaNa hai 'strapara kalyANa ke anukUla aacrnn'| kabhI kabhI vaha AcaraNa pravRttipradhAna hotA hai, kabhI kabhI nivRttipradhAna / para cAritra kA sambandha pravRtti nivRtti se nahIM hai vaha hai kalyANa se / agara kisI AcAra se jagat meM sukhavRddhi hotI hai yA dukha kama hotA hai to vaha samyak cAritra hai / akaSAyatA, Atmazuddhi, prema Adi saba samyaka cAritra ke rUpa haiN| zaMkA-jainAcAryoMne rAgadveSakI nivRttiko samyakcAritra* kahA hai / itanA hI nahIM, kintu cAritra kI pUrNatA ke liye ve yaha bhI Avazyaka samajhate haiM ki mana vacana kAya kI kriyAoM kA pUrNa virodha honA cAhiye / parantu Apane jo cAritra kA lakSaNa kiyA hai, vaha pravRttirUpa mAlUma hotA hai| uttara--cAritra ke kisI eka rUpa para jora DAlanA sAmayika AvazyakatA kA phala hai / jisa yuga meM jisa viSaya meM pravRttimukha se pApa phailA hotA hai usa yuga meM usa viSaya meM nivRttirUpa meM * bahiramaMtara-kiriyA-raho bhavakAraNappaNAsahaM / NANirasa jaM jiNutaM taM paramaM sammacAritaM-dravyasaMgraha / bhavatprahANAya bahirabhyantarakriyA-vinivRttiHparaM samyak cAritrama bAnino matam / ta0 lokavatrtika 1-1-3 / saMsAra. kAraNavinivRttimpratyAgRrNasya jJAnavatI bAhyAbhyantarAkriyAvizeSoparamaH samyak cAritrama / ta0 rAjavartika 1-5-3 /

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samyakacAritra kA rUpa ] [ 3 cAritra kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai / aura jaba jahAM nivRtti kI oTa meM jar3atA, akarmaNyatA, harAmakhorI Adi doSa AjAte haiM taba vahAM pravRttimeM cAritra kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai / mukhya bAta jagat-kalyANa hai, anekAnta dRSTi donoM kA samanvaya karatI hai| rUpa I jainAcAryoM ne cAritra kI vyAkhyA aise hI vyApaka rUpameM kI hai / unake anusAra cAritra kA artha hai calanA / kisI dhyeya ke liye jaba hama calate haiM taba vaha cAritra kahalAtA hai / jaba vaha canA vizvasukha ke anurUpa hotA hai taba vaha samyakcAritra kaha lAtA hai / jainadharma kI jaba sthApanA huI taba nivRtti kI AvazyakatA adhika thI isaliye nivRtti para bahuta jora diyA gayA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jIvana svabhAva se hI pravRttimaya hai, vaha acche bure saba kAmoM meM pravRtti karatA rahatA hai agara bure kAma se nivRtti karadI jAya to acche kAma meM pravRtti sahaja hI hotI rahatI haiM isaliye nivRtti para jora diyA jAtA hai / cAritra ko banAne meM nivRtti kA itanA bar3A hAtha hai ki cAritra aura saMyama paryAyavAcI zabda bana gaye haiM, anyathA saMyama to cAritra kA eka pahalU hai / balki mUla artha to inakA kucha virodhI sA hai | cAritra kA artha calanA hai saMyama * kA artha rukanA hai / prazna -- cAritra aura saMyama meM jaba itanA antara hai taba donoM ko ekarUpa kahane kA kAraNa kyA hai ? uttara - saMskRta meM bijalI ke vidyut, capalA Adi aneka | carati caryate anena caraNamAtraM vA cAritrama - sarvArthasiddhi 1 - 1 | * yama umarame ( to check to stop )

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4] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA nAma haiM, parantu vidyut aura capalA donoM ke artha meM bahuta antara hai| vidyuta kA artha hai camakanevAlI aura capalA kA artha hai capalatA vAlI / phira bhI donoM eka hI vastu ke nAma kahe jAte haiM / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki ye donoM dharma eka hI vastu meM pAye jAne haiN| bijalI capala bhI hai aura camakatI bhI hai / cAritra aura saMyama ke viSaya meM bhI yahI bAta hai| sukha ke liye jo prayatna kiyA jAtA hai vaha eka dRSTi se cAritra hai, dUsarI dRSTi se saMyama / acchI pravRttiyA~ karane se vaha cAritra hai, aura burI pravRttiyoM ko rokane se saMyama hai / samyakcAritra ke lakSaNa meM donoM bAtoM kA A ullekha hotA hai / eka to azubha se nivRtti, dUsarI zubha meM pravRti / isa prakAra apekSA bheda se eka hI vastu ke ye do nAma haiM / atra inameM kucha bheda nahIM mAnA jaataa| prazna-yadyapi jainazAstroM meM zubha pravRtti ko bhI cAritra kahA hai; parantu jabataka thor3I bhI pravRtti hai, tabataka cAritra kI apUrNatA hI mAnI hai, zubha pravRtti ko jahA~ cAritra kahA hai, vahA~ bhI vyavahAra dRSTi se kahA hai / isase mAlUma hotA hai ki vaha vAstavika cAritra nahIM hai / vAstavika cAritra nivRttirUpa hI hai / uttara-jIvanmukta yA arhanta avasthA taka jitanA cAritra hai vaha pravRttirUpa hai / jainadharma kahatA hai ki tIrthakara bhI A asudra kiriyANa cAo suhAma kiriyAsu jo ya apamAo / taM cAritta uttamaguNajutta pAlaha nirutaM / siArAsa rivAla kahA 31 / amahAdo viNivittI suhe pavitI ya jANa cArittaM / vadasAmIdottarUvaM vavahAraNayA du jiNabhANayaM / dvvsNgh|

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samyaJcAritra kA rUpa jIvana ke anta taka pravRttimaya cAritravAn hote haiN| jIvana ke aMtima samaya meM kucha kSaNoM ke liye unakI pravRttiyA~ ruka jAtI haiM / usa samaya zvAsa hRdaya Adi kI kriyAe~ taka ruka jAtI haiM / aisI avasthA meM dUsarI pravRtti to ho hI kaise sakatI hai ? yoga nirodharUpa isa avasthA meM jo cAritra kI pUrNatA batalAI gaI hai, usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki vaha mokSamArga kI pUrNatA hai / jaise--mArga ko pUrA karane ke liye calanA Avazyaka hai, kintu jabataka calanA hai, taba taka mArga kI pUrNatA nahIM kahI jA sakatI; usI prakAra kalyANa kI prApti ke liye pravRtti Avazyaka hai, parantu kalyANa kI pUrNa prApti ho jAne para pravRtti ko rukanA hI cAhiye / pratyeka prayatna sAdhya kI siddhi ho jAne para nizcaSTa ho jAtA hai, tabhI vaha pUrNa prayatna kahalAtA hai / isI prakAra cAritra bhI jIvana ke antima palameM nizcaSTa ho jAtA hai, aura tabhI vaha pUrNa kahalAtA hai| caritra kI pUrNa avasthA meM jo nizceSTatA paidA hotI hai vaha cAritra ke svarUpa kA nahIM hai, kintu cAritra kI pUrNatA kA phala hai / / pravRttirUpa cAritra ko jo kahIM kahIM vyavahAracAritra aura nivRtti ko nizcaya cAritra kahA gayA hai usakA kAraNa vahI hai jo Upara nivRti kI pradhAnatA ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai / dUsarA kAraNa yaha hai ki vyAvahArika rUpa badalatA rahatA hai jaisA dezakAla vaisA usakA rUpa / nivRtti aMza meM pravRtti aMza kI apekSA parivartanIyatA kama hai athavA pravRtti kI apekSA hI nivRtti badalatI hai isaliye pravRtti ke sAtha vyavahAra kA sambandha kucha adhika kahA jA sakatA hai|

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6] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA lokana cAritra vyavahAra chor3akara nahIM raha sakatA / usakA mUlya, usakA rUpa vyavahAra para avalambita hai / vyavahAra badalatA rahegA para rahegA avazya / vyavahArazUnya cAritra kA koI artha nahIM / isaliye pravRttihIna cAritra kA koI matalaba nhaiN| hotA / sthitiprajJa, arhan, tIrthakara, kevalI, jIvanmukta Adi zabdoM se jinakA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai, ve saba vyavahAra ke bhItara hI haiM, isaliye unheM vyavahAracAritra kA arthAt pravRttinya cAritra kA pAlana karanA hI par3ata! hai| jabataka pravRtti hai arthAt manasa, bacanase yA zarIrase thor3I bhI kriyA ho rahI hai, tabataka cAritra pravRttimaya hai / isa prakAra jIvana ke antima samaya ko chor3akara zeSa samagra jIvana meM cAritra pravRttimaya rahatA hI hai| ___jabataka jIvana hai, tabhI taka cAritra hai, kyoMki tabhI taka prayatna hai / jIvana ke antima samaya meM (caturdaza guNasthAna meM ) jo cAritra yA saMyama kahA jAtA hai, usakA kAraNa yahI hai ki usa samaya jIvana hai, mana vacana kAya ko pUrNarUpa se roka dene kA bhI prayatna hai / jisa samaya jIvana nahIM rahatA usa samaya cAritra nahIM mAnA jAtA / yahI kAraNa hai ki maktAtmAoM meM saMyama yA cAritra nahIM mAnA jAtA / muktAtmAoM meM siddhagati, jJAna, darzana, samyaktva aura AnAhAra ko chor3akara bAkI nava mArgaNAoM kA abhAva mAnA gayA hai| unameM saMyamamArgaNA bhI eka hai / muktAtmAoM meM AsiddhANaM siddhagaI kevalaNANaM ca daMsaNaM khaiyaM sammattamaNAhAro uvajogANamakamapauttA / guNajIvaThANarahiyA saNNApaattipANaparihINA / sesaNava mangaNUNA siddhA suddhA sadA hoti / gommaTasAra jIvakAMDa 733 /

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samyakcAritra kA rUpa] [7 saMyama yA cAritra kA abhAva mAnA gayA isakA kAraNa sirpha yahI hai ki vahAM koI prayatna nahIM hai| prazna-darzana jJAna Adi ke samAna cAritra bhI eka guNa hai| guNa kA kabhI nAza nahIM hotA / yadi muktAtmAoM meM cAritra na mAnA jAyagA to isakA artha hogA ki cAritraguNa kA nAza ho gyaa| parantu guNa kA nAza nahIM hotA, isaliye vahAM cAritra mAnanA cAhiye ? uttara--eka AdI meM itanI zakti hai ki agara koI use mAMkala se jakar3a de to vaha sAMkala ko tor3a sakatA hai / parantu usa samaya ubhe koI sAMkala se nahIM jakar3atA, isaliye vaha sAMkala nahIM tor3a rahA hai / to kyA isakA yaha artha hai ki usameM sAMkala tor3ane kI zakti nahIM hai ? isI prakAra cAritra kA kAma AtmAko mugva prApta karAnA hai / AmA jaba duHkha meM ho to mukha prApta karAtA hai / agara duHkha meM na ho to sukha prApta karAne kI jarUrata na hone se vaha nahIM karatA, isase usakA abhAva nahIM ho jAtA kintu zaktirUpa meM usakA sadbhAva rahatA hI hai / vaibhAvikazakti yogazakti Adi aneka zaktiyA~ AtmA meM mAnI jAtI haiM, parantu muktAvasthA meM unakA upayoga nahIM hotA ve zaktirUpa meM rahatI haiM / jyoMhI nimitta mile tyoMhI ve apanA kAma dikhalAne lage / yahI bAta cAritra ke viSaya meM bhI samajhanA cAhiye / isase mAlUma hotA hai ki cAritra abhAvarUpa nahIM hai vaha pravRttinivRttirUpa eka prayatna hai / isaliye use sadbhAvarUpa varNana karanA cAhiye / yadi abhAvarUpa meM kahA bhI jAya to jainazAstroM ke anusAra abhAva bhAvAntarasvarUpa hai / isaliye nivRttirUpa cAritra bhAvAntararUpa yA

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jainardhama-mImAMsA pravRttirUpa honA cAhiye / dUsarI bAta yaha ki cAritra kI parIkSA nivRtti pravRtti kI kasauTI para kasakara na karanA cAhiye / jo pravRtti sukhako prApta karAnevAlI ho aura duHkha ko dUra karanevAlI ho vaha kitanI bhI adhika ho parantu vaha cAritra hai; aura jo nivRtti dugya dUra na kare yA sukha na de vaha acAritra hai / tIrthakara ke samAna pravRttizIla kauna hogA ? parantu unake samAna samunnata cAritra kisakA hai ? isI prakAra jo prANI jar3asamAna hai (pRthvIkAyika Adi) yA jo AlasI dIrghasUtrI nidrAlu aura kAyara haiM, ve nivRttiparAyaNa ho karake bhI cAritrahIna haiM / isaliye cAritra, nivRtti pravRtti para nirbhara nahIM hai kintu sukhaprApakatA para nirbhara hai / yadi pUrNa sukha kI prApti ke liye pUrNa nivRtti Avazyaka ho to pUrNa nivRtti bhI cAritra ke aMtargata ho jAyagI; parantu vaha isaliye nahIM ki vaha nivRtti hai kintu isaliye ki vaha sukhaprApaka hai| ___ yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki cAritra ke varNana ke liye kahIM nivRtti para jora diyA jAya, kahIM pravRtti para jora diyA jAya, parantu kisI eka pakSako pakar3ake raha jAnA ekAntavAda hI hai / aura ekAntavAda to jainadharma ke viruddha hai; isaliye cAhe nivattirUpa ho yA pravRttirUpa ho, jo sukhI hone kA saccA prayatna, kriyA caryA AcaraNa hai, vaha samyakcAritra hai / jainazAstroM meM agara kahIM cAritra ke nAma para nivRtti yA pravRtti para bhAra rakhA gayA ho to samajhanA cAhiye ki vaha zAstra racanA ke samaya ke dezakAlakA prabhAva hai, yA usa samaya kI AvazyakatA kA phala hai| vaha sArvakAlika aura sArvatrika svarUpa nahIM hai|

Page #19
samyakcAritra kA rUpa ] [ 9 --prathama adhyAya meM kalyANamArga kI mImAMsA kI gaI hai aura adhikatama manuSyoM ke adhikatama sukhavAlI nIti kA saMzodhita rUpa batalAyA gayA hai / vahA~ para mukhakI prApti ke liye do bAteM Avazyaka batalAyIM gaI haiM- (1) saMsAra meM sukha kI vRddhi karanA [kAma] aura (2) sukhI rahane kI kalA sIkhanA [ mokSa ] ! duHkha ke jitane sAdhana dUra kiye jA sakeM unako dUra karane kA aura sukha ke jitane sAdhana juTAye jA sakeM unako juTAne kA prayatna karanA tathA avaziSTa duHkha ko samabhAva se sahana karake apane ko sadA sukhI mAnanA, sukhakA vAstavika upAya hai / isa prayatna kA bahubhAga mAnasika bhAvanA para avalambita hai / duHkha ke sAdhana dUra karane kA aura sukha ke sAdhana juTAne kA koI kitanA bhI prayatna kyoM na kare, phira bhI kucha truTi raha jAyagI jise saMtoSa se pUrA karanA par3egA / jitanA kucha milatA hai usakI apekSA na milane kA kSetra bahuta jyAdA hai, isaliye saMtoSAdi se bahuta adhika kAma lene kI jarUrata hai / isaliye kahanA cAhiye ki sukhakA mArga AtmAkI bhAvanA para hI adhika avalambita hai / Upara jo bAteM batAI gaI haiM unameM dUsarI bAta ( sukhI rahane kI kalA ) to pariNAmoM para hI nirbhara hai aura pahilI bAta kA bhI sAkSAt sambandha pariNAmoM se hai / kyoMki duHkha kyA hai ? eka taraha kA pariNAma hI hai / pratikUla sAdhanoM ke rahane para bhI agara hama becainI ko paidA nahIM hone deM to hameM duHkha na hogA / pratikUla sAdhana becainI paidA karate haiM isaliye unako dUra karane kA upAya socA jAtA hai / agara hama una para vijaya prApta kara sakeM to

Page #20
10 [ jainadharma mImAMsA duHkha se baca sakate haiM / matalaba yaha hai ki apane pariNAmoM ke Upara hI adhikatara duHkha-sukha avalambita hai, isaliye kalyANa mArga meM pariNAmoM kA bar3A bhArI mahatva hai / apane bhAvoM para asara DAle binA koI bhI duHkha-sukha nahIM hotA isaliye kahanA cAhiye ki duHkha-sukha kA sIdhA sambandha prinnaamoNse-bhaavoNse--hai| dUsare ke liye jaba hama kucha kAma karate haiM, taba bhI pariNAmoM kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / isake cAra kAraNa haiM 1-hamArI jaisI icchA hotI hai, hama vaisA hI prayatna karate haiN| jaisA prayatna kiyA jAtA hai, vaisA hI phala hotA hai-yaha sAdhAraNa niyama hai| kabhI kabhI prayatna se viparIta bhI phala hotA hai, parantu yaha kAdAcitka hai / adhika sukha ke liye hameM usI nIti se kAma lenA par3egA jo adhika sthaloM meM phalaprada ho| 2--manuSya acche kAma ke liye acchI bhAvanA kI hI jimmedArI le sakatA hai, na ki acche phala kI / DaoNkTara ImAnadArI se kAma karane kI hI jimmedArI le sakatA hai / vaha rogI ko bacA hI legA, yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA / acchI bhAvanApUrvaka prayatna karane para bhI agara koI mara jAya, isa para agara DaoNkTara ko khUnI kahA jAya to koI bhI manuSya kisI ko sahAyatA na degaa| 3.bhAvanA ke sAtha sukha-duHkha kA sAkSAtsaMbandha hai| corI karate samaya jo bhaya udvega Adi paidA hote haiM, ve corI kI bhAvanA para hI nirbhara haiM / bhUla se agara hama kisI kI cIz2a uThA leM to hameM cora kI saMklezatAkA kaSTa na uThAnA par3egA / isa prakAra AtmA kI malinatA durbhAvanA para nirbhara hai / AtmA ke sAtha jo karma ba~dhate

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samyakacAritra kA rUpa] haiM unake Upara hamAre pariNAmoM kA hI acchA yA burA prabhAva pa.. sakatA hai, na ki bAhirI kAryoM kaa| 4-dUsare ke abhiprAyoM kA hamAre Upara prabhAva adhika par3atA hai| eka bAlaka ko premapUrvaka bahuta jora se thapathapAne para bhI vaha prasanna hotA hai, parantu krodha ke sAtha uMgalI kA sparza bhI vaha sahana nahIM karatA / yadi hamAre viSaya meM kisI ke acche bhAva hote haiM, to hama prasanna hote haiM aura bure bhAva hote haiM to aprasanna hote haiM isaliye hamako bhAvanA kI zuddhi karanA caahiye| prazna-yadi bhAvazuddhi ke Upara hI kartavyAkartavya, cAritraacAritra kA nirNaya karanA hai to 'sArvatrika aura sArvakAlika adhikatama prANiyoM kA adhikatama sukha dene vAlI nIti' ko kartavya kI kasauTI kyoM batAyA ? bhAvanA ko hI kasauTI banAnA cAhiye / uttara-bhAvanA kI mukhyatA hone para bhI kartavyAkartavya kA nirNaya karane ke liye kisI kasauTI kI AvazyakatA banI hI rahatI hai / udAharaNa ke liye, kurukSetra meM arjuna kI bhAvanA zuddha hone para bhI vaha yaha nahIM samajha sakatA thA ki isa samaya merA kartavya kyA hai ? bhAvanA kI bar3I bhArI upayogitA yahI hai ki uparyukta nIti kA ThIka ThIka pAlana ho| hAtha paira Adi sabhI aMga ThIka ThIka kAma kareM, isake liye prANa kI AvazyakatA hai| akele prANa kucha nahIM kara sakate, sAtha hI prANahIna zarIra bhI vyartha hai / isI prakAra upayukta kasauTI na ho to bhAvazuddhi hone para bhI cAritra kA pAlana nahIM ho sakatA; aura bhAvazuddhi na hone para upayukta nIti kA pAlana mI asaMbhava hai / isaliye bhAvapUrvaka uparyukta nIti

Page #22
12 ] kA pAlana karanA cAritra hai / 1 isa cAritradharma kA pAlana karane ke liye aneka niyamopaniyama banAye jAte haiM / parantu una niyamoM ko cAritra na samajhanA cAhiye / ve sirpha cAritra ke upAya haiM / unako upacAra se cAritra kaha sakate haiM / parantu jaba ve vAstavika cAritra ko utpanna kareM tabhI unheM upacAra se cAritra kahA jA sakatA hai, anyathA nahIM / eka niyama kisI paristhiti meM cAritra kA kArya yA cAritra kA kAraNa kahA jA sakatA hai / vahI niyama avasthA ke badalane para acAritra yA asaMyama kahA jA sakatA hai / pratyeka niyama aura usake kArya ke viSaya meM hameM isI taraha apekSA bheda se vicAra karanA cAhiye / udAharaNArtha, kisI ko mAra DAlanA pApa hai; parantu nyAya kI rakSA ke liye nisvArthatA samabhAva se khUnI ko mRtyudaMDa denA pApa nahIM hai, kyoMki prANiyoM kI sukharakSA ke liye aisA karanA Avazyaka hai / - [ jainadharma-mImAMsA - . isa prakAra jIvana meM aise saiMkar3oM prasaMga Ate haiM jaba sAmAnya niyamoM kA bhaMga karanA dharma ke liye hI Avazyaka mAlUma hotA hai 1 jaba aise avasara kucha adhika saMkhyA meM Ate haiM, taba hama unheM apavAda niyama banAte haiM / isa prakAra utsarga aura apavAda vidhiyoM kA bheda khar3A ho jAtA hai / parantu jIvana itanA jaTila hai aura usameM aneka bAra aise prasaMga Ate haiM ki pracalita apavAda niyama bhI kucha kAma nahIM de sakate / usa samaya niyamoM kI parvAha na karake hameM cAritra kI rakSA karanA par3atI hai / isaliye kahanA par3atA hai ki pUrNa saMyamI ke liye niyamoM kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai /

Page #23
samyakcAritra kA rUpa] saMyama yA caritrA meM jitanI apUrNatA hai utane hI adhika niyamoM ke baMdhana rakhanA par3ate haiN| hA~, yaha bAta avazya hai ki apavAda anukaraNIya nahIM hote / apavAda pratyeka prANI kI yogyatA aura usakI paristhiti ke anusAra hote haiM / matalaba yaha hai ki koI kArya cAhe vaha niyama ke andara ho yA niyama ke bAhara ho, agara usase kalyANa kI vRddhi hotI hai to vaha cAritra hai anyathA acAritra hai / kisI kArya ko niyamoM kI kasauTI para kasakara usa kI jA~ca nahIM karanA cAhiye, kintu kalyANakArakatA kI kasauTI para kasakara usakI jA~ca karanA cAhiye / dharmAdharma kI parIkSA kA yahI sarvottama upAya hai| isakA yaha matalaba nahIM hai ki niyama bejarUrI haiM / sAdhaka avasthA meM niyamoM kI jarUrata avazya hai| parantu jaba manuSya saMyamaniSTha ho jAtA hai taba vaha niyamoM ke pAlana karane kI ceSTA nahIM karatA, kintu kalyANakArakatA ko kasauTI banAkara usI ke anusAra kArya karatA hai| usa prakAra kArya karane se niyamoM kA pAlana Apa se Apa ho jAtA hai| yadi kabhI nahIM hotA to bhI isase cAritra meM kucha truTi nahIM hotI balki kabhI kabhI vaha niyama hI saMzodhana ke yogya ho jAtA hai | niyama Avazyaka hone para bhI jo maiM yahAM unapara jora nahIM de rahA hUM, isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki niyamoM ko sArvakAlika yA sArvatrika rUpa nahIM diyA jA sktaa| unako paristhiti ke anusAra badalane kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki asaMyamI bhI saMyama ke niyamoM kA acchI taraha pAlana karate haiM,

Page #24
14 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsA kintu niyamoMke bhItara rahate hue bhI pApa karate haiN| tIsarI bAta yaha hai ki niyama to bhaya aura lAlaca se bhI pAle jAte haiM, parantu isa se Atmazuddhi nahIM hotI aura na isase svaparakalyANa kI vRddhi hotI hai / bhaya aura lAlaca ke kAraNa dUra hone para vaha manuSya kalyANa kA nAza karane lagatA hai / isaliye aise AdamI para vizvAsa nahIM rakkhA jA sakatA | agara bhUla se vizvAsa kara liyA jAtA hai to ThIka mauke para dhokhA khAnA par3atA hai / isa prakAra vaha gomukhavyAghra kI taraha vyAghra se bhI adhika bhayaMkara siddha hotA hai / niyama kA gulAma yaha nahIM dekhatA ki isa kArya se svapara kalyANa hotA hai ki nahIM; vaha to manamAnI svArthasiddhi karane ke liye dUsaroM kI bar3I se bar3I hAni karate hue bhI yahI dekhegA ki maiM niyama bhaMga ke aparAdha meM to nahIM pakar3A jAtA / basa, itane se hI vaha saMtuSTa ho jAtA hai / parantu isa prakAra kI AtmavaJcanA kalyANa kI vRddhi nahIM kara sakatI / isaliye niyamoM para jora na dekara kalyANakArakatA para jora diyA jAtA hai / phira bhI cAritra ke pratipAdana meM niyamoM kA bar3AbhArI sthAna hai | cAritra ke pratipAdana ke liye hameM usakA koI na koI rUpa to batalAnA hI par3atA hai; aura vaha rUpa niyama hI hai / hama jisa dravyakSetra kAlabhAva meM haiM, usake anusAra cAritra kA rUpa banatA haiM / yogyatAnusAra manuSya meM jo zreNI-vibhAga hotA hai, usake anusAra cAritra meM bhI zreNI vibhAga hotA hai / maddAvrata, aNuvrata tathA gyAraha pratimAe~ isI zreNIvibhAga kA phala haiM / isa prakAra cAritra kA vivecana aneka prakAra ke vidhividhAnoM kA

Page #25
samyakcAritra kA rUpa [ 15 samUha ho jAtA hai / usakI nirdoSatA ke liye hameM syAdvAda kA upayoga karanA caahiye| vastu ke pUrNasvarUpa ko hama kaha nahIM sakate, isaliye usake kisI eka aMzakA nirUpaNa karate haiN| yahAM para syAdvAda kA kartavya yahI hai ki vaha naya kI sahAyatA se batAve ki vastu amuka apekSA se amukarUpa hai / dUsarI apekSAoM se vastu kaisI hai, isa viSaya meM vaha mauna rakhatA hai athavA sAdhAraNa saMketa karatA hai| isI prakAra cAritra kA pratipAdana karate samaya hameM yahI kahanA cAhiye ki amuka dravya kSetra kAla bhAvameM amuka vidhi kalyANakArI hai / dravyakSetrakAlabhAva ke parivartana hone para usa vidhimeM parivartana bhI kiyA jA sakegA / isa prakAra cAritra ke liye koI na koI vidhi-niyama-kartavya to rahegA hI, parantu sadA sarvatra amuka hI rahanA cAhiye, aisA bandhana na rhegaa| isa prakAra vidhividhAnoM ke nirNaya hojAne para bhI pUrA kAma na ho jAyagA / unake pAlana karane kA DhaMga bhI dekhanA par3egA / jainAcAryoM ne isa viSaya meM bahuta satarkatA rakkhI hai / vrata ke liye unakI yaha zarta hai ki jo niHzalya A ho vahI vratI hai / jisa prakAra gAya honepara agara usase dUdha na nikale to usakA honA vyartha hai, usI prakAra jo niHzalya nahIM hai, usakA vrata vyartha hai| zalyavAlA vrata rakhane para bhI vratI nahIM kahalA sktaa| zalye tIna haiM-mAyA, mithyAtva aura nidAna / tIna meM se eka bhI zalya ho to koI vratI nahIM ho sakatA / jahAM vrata meM mAyA A niHzalyo vratI

Page #26
16 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA cAra hai, vahAM vrata, vrata nahIM hai / jagat kA kalyANa karanA usakA lakSya nahIM hotA, kintu 'hama kalyANa karanevAle haiM' isa prakAra kA jhUThA pradarzana karake duniyA ko dhokhA dene kI bhAvanA hotI hai| parantu aisA vyakti jagat meM kalyANa kI vRddhi nahIM kara sakatA / midhyAtvI bhI vratI nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki usameM vaha viveka ddI nahIM hai jisase kalyANa kI vRddhi hotI hai / vaha dekhA dekhI jyoM tyoM bAhya AcaraNa karatA hai / kalyANa ke sAtha isakA kyA sambandha hai, yaha bAta vaha nahIM samajhatA / isaliye vaha rUr3hi kA hI pAlana kara sakatA hai, kintu vratI nahIM bana sakatA / rUr3hi ke virUddha jAne se agara kalyANa hotA hai to vaha kalyANa kAhI virodha karane lagegA | isa prakAra na to vaha ThIka mArga pakar3a sakatA hai, na usase ucita lAbha uThA sakatA hai / kisI vrata ko kartavyadRSTi se na karake svArtha dRSTi se karanA nidAna zalya hai / aisA manuSya bhI vratI nahIM hai / kyoMki aisA manuSya jagat meM kalyANavRddhi karanA nahIM cAhatA, jaisA ki prathama adhyAya meM batAyA gayA hai / vrata ko to usane svArthasiddhi kA sAdhana banAyA hai / jisa uddezya se cAritra kI AvazyakatA batAyI gaI hai, usakI isako jarA bhI parvAha nahIM hai, isaliye yaha anatI hai / isa prakAra tIna zalyoM kA vivecana karake niyamoM ke durupayogako rokane kA sundara prayatna kiyA gayA hai / phira bhI kaunasA niyama kisa avasthA meM kitanA upayogI hai, usake apavAda kaba kaise hote haiM, unako kisa apekSA se kitane bhAgoM meM vibhakta karanA cAhiye, kaba kisa para kitanA jora DAlanA cAhiye, purAne niyama

Page #27
ahiMsA ]. [ 17 Aja ke liye kitane upayogI haiM, aura unameM kyA kyA parivartana Avazyaka hai, ityAdi vivecana cAritra ko samajhane ke liye Avazyaka haiM / isa adhyAya meM unhIM kA varNana kiyA jAyagA / jainazAstroM meM tathA jainetarazAstroM meM bhI cAritra yA saMyama pA~ca bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai--ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha | bAkI jitane vidhividhAna haiM ve saba inake antargata haiM yA inake sAdhaka haiM / ina pA~ca vratoM meM bhI koI koI eka dUsare ke bhItara A jAte haiM / isakA khulAsA Age kiyA jAyagA / yahAM para ina pA~coM ke svarUpa para alaga alaga vivecana kiyA jAtA hai| / ahiMsA vyApakatA, uccatA aura agrajatA kI dRSTi se cAritra meM prathama sthAna ahiMsA ko prApta hai / jaba pApoM meM hiMsA pradhAna aura vyApaka hai, taba dharma meM ahiMsA pradhAna aura vyApaka ho to isameM kyA Azcarya hai ? yahI kAraNa hai ki, ahiMsA parama dharma hai' yaha vAkya prAyaH sabhI dharmoM meM mAnA gayA hai| jo prANI itanA avikasita hai ki vaha artha saMcaya kI upayogitA nahIM samajhatA, isaliye corI bhI nahIM jAnatA, jisameM kAma kriyA hI nahIM hai, athavA vaha icchApUrvaka nahIM hotI, jisameM bolane kI zakti nahIM hai athavA hai to usakI bhASA anubhaya ( na satya, na asatya ) hai, isa prakAra cAra pApoM ke karane kI jisameM yogyatA nahIM hai, vaha bhI hiMsA avazya karatA hai / hiMsAkA kSetra aisA hI vyApaka hai / isI prakAra cAritra meM ahiMsA kA kSetra

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18] / jainadharma-mImAMsA vyApaka hai| sabase pahile prANI jIvita rahanA cAhatA hai, isaliye ahiMsA kI AvazyakatA sabase pahile huI / sabase pahile jaba kabhI dharma kI utpatti huI hogI, taba usakA rUpa yahI rahA hogA ki 'matamAro !' dhIre dhIre isakI sUkSma vyAkhyA hone lgii| prANI marane se DaratA hai, isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki marane meM use kaSTa hotA hai / isaliye 'matamAro' isakA artha yahI huA ki kisI ko kaSTa mata do| isa prakAra kisI bhI prakArakA kaSTa denA hiMsA aura kaSTa na denA yA kaSTa se bacAnA ahiMsA kahalAne lgaa| parantu aise bhI bahuta se kArya hote haiM jinameM pahile kaSTa aura pIche Ananda hotA hai tathA kabhI kabhI sukha ke liye koI prayatna kiyA jAtA hai aura bahuta satarkatA se kiyA jAtA hai, phira bhI usakA phala acchA nahIM hotA / aisI avasthA meM agara usake bAhya phalapara dRSTi rakhakara kisI ko aparAdhI mAne aura nirNaya kareM to koI acchA prayatna hI na karegA / ina saba kAraNoM se hiMsA. ahiMsA bAhya kriyA na raha gaI kintu vaha hamAre bhAvoM para avalambita ho gaI / isIliye jainazAstra kahate haiM ki yaha sambhava hai ki koI kisI ko mAra DAle phira bhI use / hiMsAkA pApa na lage * / koI jIva mare yA na mare, parantu jo manuSya prANirakSA kA ThIka ThIka prayatna nahIM karatA, vaha hiMsaka hai| aura prANirakSA kA ucita prayatna karane para kevala prANivadha se koI * viyojayati cAmubhirna vadhena saMyujyate /

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ahiMsA ] [ 19 hiMsaka nahIM kahalAtA 1 ____ amRtacandrasarine puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM isakA aura bhI sundara vivecana kiyA hai| ve kahate haiM---- eka manuSya hiMsA [prANivadha] na karake bhI hiMsaka ho jAtA hai arthAt hiMsA kA phala prApta karatA hai / dUsarA manuSya hiMsA [prANivadha / karake bhI hiMsaka nahIM hotA / eka kI thor3I sI hiMsA bhI bahuta phala detI hai aura eka kI bar3I bhArI hiMsA bhI thor3A phala detI hai| kisI kI hiMsA, hiMsA kA phala detI hai aura kisI kI vahI hiMsA ahiMsA kA phala detI hai| kisI kI ahiMsA hiMsA kA phala detI hai aura kisI kI hiMsA ahiMsA kA phala detI hai / hiMsya (jisakI hiMsA kI jAya) kyA hai ? hiMsaka kauna hai ? hiMsA kyA hai ? aura hiMsA kA phala kyA hai ! ina bAtoM para acchI taraha vicAra karake hiMsA kA tyAga karanA cAhiye / A * maraduva jiyaduva jAvo ayadAcArassa NicchidAhiMsA ! payadassa NanthibaMdho hiMsAmetteNa samidassa / A avidhAyApi hi hiMsA hiMsAphala mAjanaM bhavatyekaH / kRtvAparo hiMsA hiMsAphalabhAjanaM na syAt / / ekasyAlpA hiMsA dadAti kAle phalamanalpam / asvasya mahAhiMsA svalpaphalA bhavati paripAke / kasyApi dizati hiMsA hiMsAphalamekameva phala kAle / asvasya saiva hiMsA dizatyahiMsA phalaM vipulam / / hiMsA phalamaparasya tu dadAsyahiMsA tu pariNAme / itarasya punahiMsA dizatyahiMsA nAnyat // avabudhya hiMsyahiMsaka hiMsA hiMsAphalAni tattvena / nityamavagRhamAnaH nijazaktyA tyajyatAM hiMsA / /

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20] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA isa prakAra ahiMsA bahurUpiNI hai, isaliye use prApta karanA, usakI parIkSA karanA kaThina hai / kisI ke dvArA kevala prANivadhako dekhakara yaha kaha denA ki vaha hiMsaka hai, ThIka nahIM hai / saMsAra meM saba jagaha itane prANI bhare hue haiM ki unakI hiMsA kiye binA hama eka kSaNabhara bhI jIvita nahIM raha sakate / taba pUrNa ahiMsAkA pAlana kaise kiyA jA sakatA hai ? jainiyoMkI ahiMsAkA jo maz2Aka ur3Ate haiM, ve bhI yahI duhAI diyA karate haiM ki zvAsa lene meM bhI jIva marate haiM, phira tuma pUrNa ahiMsaka bananekA pAgalapana kyoM karate ho ? isakA ucita uttara paM. AzAdharajIne diyA hai yadi bandha aura mokSa bhAvoMke Upara avalambita na hote to kahA~ rahakara prANI mokSa prApta A karatA ? bhaTTAkalaMkadevane bhI tattvArtharAjavArtika meM isa praznako uThAyA hai ki-- 'jalameM jantu haiM, sthalameM jantu haiM, AkAzameM jantu haiM, isa prakAra sArA loka jantuoM se bharA huA hai taba koI muni ahiMsaka kaise ho sakatA hai ?' isakA uttara yoM diyA gayA hai-- sUkSma jIva (jo adRzya hote haiM aura itane sUkSma hote haiM ki na to ve kisI se rukate haiM, na kisI ko rokate haiM ) to pIr3ita nahIM kiye jA sakate, aura sthUla jIvoM (bahutase sthUla jIva adRzya bhI hote haiM ) meM jinakI rakSA kI jA sakatI hai, unakI rakSA kI A viSvagjIva citeloke kvacaran koppamokSyata / bhAvaikasAdhanau bandhamokSau cennAbhaviSyatAm / jalejaMtuH sthale jaMturAkAze jaMturakheca / jatumAlA kule loke kamikSurahiMsakaH /

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ahiMsA ] [ 21 jAtI hai; isaliye jo manuSya hiMsAko bacAne meM prayatnazIla hai, vaha hiMsaka kaise ho sakatA hai ? kevala jainazAstroM meM hI isa sUkSma hiMsAkA vicAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai, kintu mahAbhArata meM bhI yaha prazna uThA hai ! vahA~ arjuna kahate haiM: isa jagat teM aise aise sUkSma jIva haiM jo ki A~khoMse to hA dikhAI dete kintu tarka se siddha haiM - ve javi palaka hilAnese bhI mara jAte haiN| isa prazna ke samAdhAna meM vahA~ bhI ' dravyahiMsA se hI hiMsA nahIM hotI' ityAdi kathana kiyA gayA hai / isa vaktavyakA sAra yahI hai ki prANivadha dekhakara hI kisI ko hiMsaka na kahanA cAhiye | parantu isake sAtha hI prazna yaha hotA hai ki 'tatra hiMsaka kise kahanA cAhiye ? vAstava meM hiMsA kyA hai, jisakA manuSya tyAga kare ? ' isa prazna ke uttara ke liye bhI hameM isI bAta para vicAra karanA cAhiye ki vAstava meM hameM dharmakI - cAritrakI - ahiMsAkIjarUrata kyoM huI ? yaha pahile kahA jA cukA hai ki kalyANa ke liye - sukha ke liye - inakI jarUrata hai / basa yahI isakA uttara # haiM ki prathama adhyAya meM batAye hue kalyANamArga ke anusAra kalyANa sUkSmA na pratipIDyante prANinaH sthUlamRrttayaH / ye zakyAste vivarNyantekA hiMsA saMyatAtmanaH / sUkSmayonIni bhUtAni tarkagamyAnikAnicit / pakSyaNo'pinipAtena yeSAm syAtskandhaparyayaH ! mahAbhArata zAntiparva 15-26 /

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22 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA ke liye jo kArya kiyA jAya, vaha ahiMsA hai; usake viruddha hiMsA hai / isaliye prANivadha karate hue bhI prANI ahiMsaka hai aura svArthavaza, kAyaratAvaza atyAcArI kI rakSA karanA bhI hiMsA hai / hiMsA-ahiMsA aura pApa-puNya kI parIkSA hameM isI kasauTI para karanA ucita hai / itane para bhI hiMsA, ahiMsA ko jaTilatA banI hI rahatI hai / jabataka jIvana hai tabataka usase hiMsA hogI hI, isaliye kahA~ taka kI hiMsA ko kSantavya kahA jAya aura vaha kaunasI maryAdA bA~dhI jAya ki jisake bAhara jAne se hama hiMsaka kahalAne lageM ? yaha eka aisA prazna hai ki duniyA ke sampradAyoM ko cakkara DAla diyA hai / eka sampradAya zikAra aura yuddha [ digvijaya ] ko bhI dharma kahatA hai aura dUsarA, zvAsa lene se bhI jIva hiMsA hotI isaliye usase bacane ke liye mu~ha para kapar3e kI paDDI ba~dhavAtA hai ! maz2A yaha ki ye donoM hI ahiMsAko paramadharma mAnate haiM / phira bhI ye donoM hiMsAko roka nahIM sakate, kyoMki kapar3e kI paTTI bA~dhane para bhI hiMsA bilakula dUra nahIM ho jAtI / isa prakAra yadi ahiMsA kA pAlana asaMbhava kahakara chor3a diyA jAya to dharma hI uTha jAyagA, phira usakA koI pAlana kyoM karegA ? isaliye spaSTa yA aspaSTa zabdoM meM sabhI dharmoMne yaha apavAda banAyA ki jIvana nirvAha ke liye jo kriyAe~ anivArya haiM unake dvArA prANihiMsA ho to use hiMsA na mAnI jAya / isaliye svAsocchvAsa Adi meM honevAlI hiMsA, hiMsA [ adharma ] nahIM

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ahiMsA ] [ 23 kahI jA sktii| parantu isa apavAda ko svIkAra karake bhI saba samasyAe~ pUrI na huI; sAtha hI isa apavAda ke pAlana meM bhI nAnA mata ho gye| udAharaNArtha __zarIra meM kIr3e par3a gaye haiM yA koI bImArI ho gaI hai, usakI cikitsA karanA cAhiye ki na karanA cAhiye ! pUrva meM aura pazcima meM aise loga hue haiM jo cikitsA karanA ThIka nahIM samajhate the / sukarAta ke bhI 'pahile yUnAna meM jeno' [zeno] nAmakA eka tArkika thA, usake anuyAyI zarIra meM kIr3e par3a jAne para bhI unakA haTAnA acchA nahIM samajhate the, balki kAraNavaza koI kIr3A gira par3atA thA to ve use phira usI jagaha (apane zarIra para) uThAkara rakha dete the jisase vaha bhUkhI na mara jAya / jainazAstroM meM itane to nahIM, parantu isI DhaMgake kucha caritra citraNa milate haiM jinameM cikitsA na karAnA bahuta prazaMsA kI bAta kahI gaI hai / sambhavataH aise logoMkI tarafa se yaha tarka bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai ki "rogakI cikitsA kI jAyagI to rogake kITANu avazya mareMge / hama nIrogI rahakara adhika dina jIvita raheM isakI apekSA rogI rahakara thor3e dina jIvita raheM to kyA hAni hai ? cikitsA kucha zvAsocchvAsakI taraha jIvana ke liye anivArya nahIM hai / ityAdi / sirpha yahI eka prazna nahIM hai, kintu aura bhI aneka prazna haiM, jaise-eka AdamI zrImAn hai, phira bhI vaha paiseke liye khUna taka karAtA hai, parastrI haraNa karatA hai, isI nIca vRttise prerita

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24 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsA hokara vaha hamAre Upara yA hamArI patnI yA bahina ke Upara AkramaNa karatA hai usa samaya usakA virodha karanA aura virodha karane meM usakA vadha karanA anivArya ho to usakA vaha vadha kare yA na kare ? yadi vaha atyAcArI hamArA dhana le jAya yA patnI yA bahina para atyAcAra kara jAya to bhI hama saba jIvita to raheMge isaliye isaliye svAsocchvAsa ke samAna usakA virodha karanA anivArya to nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kintu yaha bhI ThIka hai ki yadi usakA vadha na kiyA jAya to vaha pApa kI saphalatA se unmatta hokara sekaDeM / jIvanoM ko barbAda karegA / matalaba yaha ki aise bahuta se kArya haiM, jinako hameM jagatkalyANakI dRSTi se karanA cAhiye, bhale hI ve svAsocchavAsa ke samAna anivArya na hoM isaliye yaha prazna phira khar3A ho jAtA hai ki jo kArya anivArya nahIM haiM, una kAryoM meM se kisako ucita aura kisako anucita kahA jAya ? yadi yaha kahA jAya ki svAsocchvAsa Adi hI nahIM kintu jisa kisI hiMsA kI hameM AvazyakatA ho vaha saba hiMsA vidheya hai, agara usake binA hamArI prANarakSA na ho sakatI ho; parantu isa niyama ke anusAra ghara se ghora hiMsaka bhI ahiMsaka siddha kiyA jA skegaa| siMhAdika hiMsaka pazu apane jIvana kI rakSA ke liye hI gAya Adi pazuoM kI hiMsA karate haiM, isaliye ve bhI ahiMsaka hI kahalAye / itanA hI nahIM, durbhikSa Adi ke samaya bhI khAne ko na rahe to aisI hAlata meM use dUsare prANI ko hI yadi manuSya ke pAsa kucha nahIM kintu manuSya ko bhI khA jAne kA haka prApta ho jAyagA / tetsu

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ahiMsA ] [25 durbhikSa Adi ke samaya aisI ghaTanAe~ ho jAyA karatI haiM / isa prakAra ahiMsA ke viSaya meM yaha eka mahAn prazna khar3A hotA hai ki kitanI hiMsA ko hiMsA na kahA jAya ? isa bAtako samajhane ke liye yahAM kucha niyama banAye jAte haiN| ?--binA kisI vizeSa prayatna ke jo kriyAe~ zarIra se hotI rahatI haiM, unake dvArA honevAlI hiMsA, hiMsA nahIM hai / jaise--zvAsocchvAsa Adi meM honevAlI hiMsA / 2--zarIra ko sthira rakhane ke liye AhAra aura pAna Avazyaka hai| inakI sAmagrI juTAne meM jo hiMsA anivArya ho, vaha bhI hiMsA nahIM hai / parantu isa viSaya meM AgAmI tIsare aura sAtaveM niyamoM kA khayAla rakhanA cAhiye / / 3--apane nirvAha ke liye kisI aise prANI kA vadha na honA cAhiye jisakI caityanya kI mAtrA karIba karIba apane samAna ho / 4--apane se hIna caitanyavAle prANI kI hiMsA bhI nirarthaka na honA cAhiye / 5.-sakSma prANiyoM kI hiMsA rokane ke liye aisA prayatna na karanA cAhiye jisase dUsare DhaMga se vaisI hI hiMsA hone lage; sAtha hI pramAda vagairaha kI vRddhi ho / 6--jIvana ke vikAsa ke liye yA paropakAra ke liye agara sUkSma prANiyoM kI hiMsA karanA par3e to bhI vaha kSantavya hai| 7-do prANiyoM meM jahA~ mauta kA cunAva karatA hai vahAM usakI rakSA karanA cAhiye jo paropakArI ho| agara isa STi se nirNaya na ho sake to jisase bhaviSya meM paropakAra kI AzI ho /

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26 } [ jainadharma-mImAMsA 8--atyAcArI ke anivArya kdha karane meM bhI hiMsAkA pApa nahIM hai / zarta yaha hai ki vaha atyAcAra ko rokane ke liye kiyA jAya / 9.-yadi jIvita rahane kI apekSA marane meM kalyANa kI mAtrA adhika ho to yathAyogya sAmyabhAva se jIvana kA tyAga karanA yA karAnA hiMsA nahIM hai| ___ udAharaNapUrvaka vivecana kiye binA inakA spaSTIkaraNa na hogA isaliye ina nau sUtroMkA yahA~ krama se bhApya kiyA jAtA hai / 1--zvAsocchvAsa, palaka banda karanA, nidrA meM hAtha-pA~va Adi kA cala jAnA, aMga akar3a na jAya isaliye aMga saMcAlana Adi meM honevAlI hiMsA, hiMsA nahIM hai / prazna-yadi jIvita rahane meM hiMsA anivArya hai to prANa tyAga kara denA kyA burA haiM ? eka kI mauta hone para ananta jIvoM kI rakSA hogI / jisase sukhavRddhi ho, vahI to dharma hai / eka ke marane para ananta jIvoM kI rakSA hona se saMsAra meM eka kA duHkha aura ananta kA sukha bar3hatA hai, isaliye yahI dharma kahalAyA / uttara---agara saba jIvoM kA sukha barAbara hotA taba yaha bAta ucita kahI jA sakatI thii| parantu jisake AtmaguNa (caitanya) jitane vikasita hote haiM usameM sukha kI zakti bhI utanI adhika hotI hai / pRthvI Adi kI apekSA vanaspati meM caitanya kI mAtrA asaMkhyaguNI hai / usameM bhI sAdhAraNa vanaspati kI apekSA pratyeka vanaspati meM asaMkhyaguNI hai / usase asaMkhyaguNI joMka Adi meM hai| usase asaMkhyaguNI teindriya ciu~TI Adi meM / usase asaMkhya

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ahiMsA [27 guNI bhramara vagairaha meM / usase asaMkhyaguNI asaMjJI paMcendriya meM / usase asaMkhyaguNI saMjJI paMcendriya meM / usase bhI saMkhyaguNI manuSya meM / usameM bhI asaMyamI kI apekSA saMyamI meM saMkhyaguNI hai / yahA~ saMyamI sa matalaba veSadhArI bAbA logoM se nahIM hai, kintu bhAvasaMyamiyoM se hai| isaliye manuSya ko jIvita rahane ke liye agara sthAvara prANiyoM kA tathA kRmi Adi trasa prANiyoM kA vadha karanA anivArya ho tobhI kara sakatA hai / kyoMki aisA karane para bhI sukha kA palar3A bhArI hI rhegaa| isIliye ise hiMsA nahIM kaha skte| 2-zarIra kI sthiratA ke liye AhAra--pAna kI hiMsA bhI hiMsA nahIM hai / zarIra meM sthita jo kami Adi haiM unakA vinAza to hiMsA hai hI nahIM, sAtha hI kisI bImArI Adi se kRmi Adi par3a gaye hoM to cikitsA dvArA unakA vinAza karanA bhI hiMsA nahIM hai| zaMkA- yadi svAsthyarakSA ke liya kRmi Adi kA nAza karanA hiMsA nahIM hai to kRmi Adi kA nAza karake taiyAra kI huI davAiyA~ lenA bhI hiMsA na khlaayaa| uttara- zarIra meM sthita prANiyoM kA vadha karanA svAsthya ke liye jaisA aura jitanA anivArya hai vaisA aura utanA dUsare prANiyoM kA vadha karanA anivArya nahIM hai / anivAryatA kI mAtrA paryApta na hone se ise ahiMsA nahIM kaha sakate / anivAryatA kI mAtrA jitanI kama hogI, hiMsA kI mAtrA utanI hI adhika hogii| " DaoNkTara ne yahI davAI batalAI hai isaliye yaha anivArya hai"

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28 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA anivAryatA kA yaha ThIka rUpa nahIM hai kintu isake liye pratyeka sambhava upAya kI khoja kara lenA cAhiye / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki prANiyoM kI dravyahiMsA cAra taraha kI hotI hai-- saMkalpI, ArambhI, udyogI aura virodhI / kisI niraparAdha prANIkI jAna bUjhakara hiMsA karanA yA anicchApUrvaka bhI isa taraha kArya karanA jisase hiMsA na hone kI jagaha bhI hiMsA ho jAya, vaha saMkalpI hiMsA hai kasAI yA zikArI ke dvArA honevAlA pazuvadha sAdhAraNataH saMkalpI hiMsA hai 1 safAI karane, bhojana banAne Adi kAryoM meM jo yathAyogya yatnAcAra karane para bhI hiMsA hotI hai, vaha ArambhI hiMsA hai / arthopArjana meM jo hiMsA hotI hai, vaha udyogI hiMsA hai / koI dUsarA prANI apane Upara AkramaNa kare to AtmarakSA ke liye usakA vadha karanA virodhI hiMsA hai / jaise rAmane rAvaNa kA vadha kiyA 1 ina cAra prakAra kI hiMsAoM meM saMkalpI hiMsA hI vAstava meM hiMsA hai| bAkI tIna prakAra kI hiMsAe~ to tabhI hiMsA kahI jA sakatI haiM jaba ve apanI mAtrA kA ullaMghana kara jAya, usameM pramAda aura kaSAya kI tIvratA ho jAya athavA ve anivArya na raheM / auSadha ke liye dUsare prANI ko mArane meM saMkalpI hiMsA hai jaba ki apana zarIra meM par3e hue kIr3oM ko mArane meM virodhI hiMsA hai / isaliye pahilI ko hama hiMsA kahate haiM, dUsarI ko nahIM / 1

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ahiMsA ] [ 29 udAharaNArtha, kisI manuSya ko plega kI bImArI ho gaI / plega ke kITANu kisI sandhisthala para gilTI ke rUpa meM jamA ho gaye / una kIr3oM kA hamAre Upara yaha AkramaNa hai--bhale hI unakA yaha AkramaNa icchApUrvaka na ho, parantu hai vaha AkramaNa / isa samaya hama kitanI bhI nirdeSa auSadha kA upayoga kareM, parantu una kIr3oM kA mAranA anivArya hai / isaliye ise saMkalpI hiMsA na kahakara anicArya virodhI hiMsA hI kahanA cAhiye / prazna -- jIvana ko TikAye rahane ke liye yadi khetI karanA, roTI banAnA Avazyaka mAlUma ho to isameM bhI Apa hiMsA na mAneMge / jaba hiMsA nahIM hai taba saMyamI muni bhI ye kAma kareM to kyA doSa hai ? yadi kucha doSa nahIM hai to jainazAstroM meM muni ke liye ina kAryoM kA niSedha kyoM kiyA hai ? uttara -- kRSi Adi kArya bhI yathAsAdhya yatnAcAra se kiya jA~ya to unameM hiMsA nahIM hai, aura eka saMyamI muni bhI ye kArya kara sakatA haiM / jainazAstroM meM muni ke liye ina kAryoM kI jo manAI kI gaI hai, vaha hiMsA se bacane ke liye nahIM kintu parigraha se bacane ke liye hai / vaha bhI usa samaya kI dRSTi se hai, na ki sArvakAlika / yadi jainadharma ne kRSi yA pAka ke bhI kArya meM hiMsA mAnI hotI to muni ko bhojana karane kI manAI kI hotI; kyoMki muni ke bhojana ke liye muni ko nahIM to dUsare ko rasoI banAnA par3atI hai, kRSi karanA par3atI hai| prazna-muni to uddiSTatyAgI hotA hai, isaliye gRhastha loga jo kRSi Adi meM hiMsA karate haiM, usakA pApa use nahIM lagatA,

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[ jainadharma-mImAMsA 30 ] kyoMki muni apane nimitta kucha bhI nahIM karAtA / uttara--' apane uddezya se nahIM banA ', sirpha isIliye usake pApa se koI nahIM chUTa jAtA, anyathA bAjAra meM jo cIjeM taiyAra milatI haiM ve saba niruddiSTa kahalAyeMgI / taba to mAMsamakSI ko bhI pazuvadha kA doSa na lagegA / yadi kahA jAya ki jo loga mA~sabhakSaNa karate haiM una sabakA uddeza karake pazuvadha kiyA jAtA hai isaliye pazuvadha kA doSa una sabako lagatA hai, to isI taraha jo loga anna khAte haiM una sabake Upara khetI karane kA doSa lagatA hai, bhale hI phira vaha anna bhikSA dvArA prApta kiyA jAya / prANavAraNa ke liye anna khAnA anivArya hai, isaliye khetI karanA bhI anivArya 1 hai / jo anna khAtA hai vaha khetI kI jimmedArI se kaise baca sakatA hai ? yadi anna khAnA pApa nahIM hai to khetI karanA bhI pApa nahIM hai / hAM, usameM yathAzakti yatnAcAra karanA cAhiye | isaliye agara AvazyakatA ho to muni bhI kRSi kare to isameM muni kA bhaMga nahIM ho sakatA / 1 1 3 - pratyeka prANI ko jIvita rahane kA adhikAra haiM / agara hama dUsare ke prANa leM to yaha anyAya hogA / parantu prakRti kI gati aisI hai ki eka jIva ke vadha hue binA dUsarA raha nahIM sakatA | isaliye kucha hiMsAoM ko ahiMsArUpa mAnanA par3atA hai / prakRti balavAna kI rakSA ke liye nirbaloM kI bali letI hai / dharma meM bhI kucha parivartana ke sAtha isI niyama kA pAlana karanA par3atA hai 1 prakRti kI nIti meM bala zabda kA artha pazubala yA jIvanopayogI bala hai jabaki dhArmika nIti meM bala-zabda kA artha caitanyavala, /

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ahiMsA ] [ 31 jJAnabala hai, jisase sukhakA saMvedana adhika kiyA jA sake / isaliye adhika caitanyavAle kI rakSA ke liye agara hIna caitanyavAle kA vadha anivArya ho to karanA par3atA hai / parantu yadi do prANI aise hoM jinameM samAna caitanya ho taba unameM se kisI ko bhI yaha adhi. kAra nahIM raha jAtA ki vaha dUsare kI hiMsA kare kyoMki isase kalyANa kI vRddhi nahIM hai--lAbha aura hAni barAbara rahatA hai| prazna-yadi donoM barAbara haiM to apane bacAne ke liye dUsare kA vadha karanA ucita kahalAyA, athavA anucita to na kahalAyA / uttara-isa dRSTi se barAbara kahalAne para bhI anya dRSTi se kalyANa kA nAza ho jAtA hai| kalpanA karo ki do mitra aisI jagaha pahu~ca gaye jahAM na khAne ke liye kucha hai, na pIne ke liye kucha hai| aisI hAlata meM eka mitra agara dUsare mitra ko mArakara khA jAya to sambhavataH eka kI jAna baca sakatI hai parantu agara hama isa kArya ko kartavya mAna leM to isakA phala yaha hogA ki(ka) donoM hI eka dasere ko mArakara svayaM bacane koziza kareMge, isase sambhavataH donoM hI lar3akara mara jAya~ge athavA maranevAlA mAranevAle ko mRtakaprAya jarUra kara jAyagA / (kha) saMkaTa kA AbhAsa hote hI donoM mitra mana hI mana eka dUsare ke zatru bana jaayge| aura jaldI se jaldI eka dUsare ko mAra DAlane ke SaDayaMtra meM laga jaayeNge| isase jo kaSTa aura azAnti hogI vaha upekSaNIya nahIM kahI jA sktii| (ga) isa utAvalI meM kabhI kabhI anAvazyaka hatyAyeM bhI ho jAyA karegI, kyoMki sambhava hai ki vaha vipatti itanI bar3I na ho jitanI ki unane utAvalI se samajha lI / (gha) isase jo mAnasika

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32 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA adhaHpatana hogA, vizvAsaghAta Adi kI vRddhi hogI aura samAja kI manovRtti meM jo burA parivartana hogA, vaha bahuta adhika hogA / isa prakAra isase lAbha to kucha na hogA, sAtha hI itane sthAyI aura asthAyI nukasAna hoMge / prazna- Upara ke udAharaNa meM hama do mitroM ko na lekara dampattiko leM to Atma-rakSA ke liye puruSake dvArA strIkA vadha honA ucita hai yA nahIM ? dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki puruSakI apekSA strIkI yogyatA kama hotI hai / uttara -- isase paristhiti meM kucha bhI antara nahIM hotA / strI bhI mitra hai, balki usakI rakSA kA bhAra puruSa ke Upara honese puruSakI jimmedArI aura bar3ha jAtI hai / isaliye mitrakI apekSA patikA vizvAsaghAta aura adhika hAniprada hai / isake atirikta Upara jo maiMne ka, kha, ga, gha nambara dekara ApattiyA~ batalAIM haiM ve yahA~ bhI jyoM kI tyoM lAgU haiM / yogyatA kI dRSTi se bhI isakA nirNaya nahIM hotA, kyoMki yahA~ pazubala Adi kI yogyatA se nirNaya nahIM karanA hai, kintu caitanya se nirNaya karanA hai / sukhAnubhava karane kI jo zakti puruSa meM haiM, usase strI meM kama nahIM hai samAja ke liye puruSa jitanA Avazyaka hai - strI usase kama Avazyaka nahIM hai | paristhiti ke antara se donoM kA kAryakSetra judA judA hai, parantu naisargika yogyatA tathA samAja hitakI dRSTi se donoM samAna haiM / isaliye strI-puruSa, nIca U~ca, vidvAn - avidvAn, zrImAn garIba Adi kA bheda yahAM nahIM lagAyA jA sakatA / anyathA ka, kha, ga, gha vAle upayukta doSa bahuta bhayaMkara rUpa dhAraNa kara leNge| 1

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ahiMsA ] [ 33 prazna- aise avasara para agara strI, putra, dAsa Adi koI vyakti svecchAme Atma-samarpaNa kare taba to uparyukta doSa nikala jAyeMge / uttara - parantu aisI avasthA meM ve strI, putra yA dAsa itane mahAn, ucca aura pUjya ho jAya~ge ki koI bhI vyakti, jo unake balidAna para jIvita rahanA cAhatA hai, unase adhika yogya na raha sakegA / aisI hAlata meM unakA bali lenA devadArukI lakar3I kI rakSA ke liye candana jalAne ke samAna hogA | prazna- eka manuSya aisA hai, jisa para saikar3oM kA jIvana yA unakI unnati avalamvita hai| vaha agara apanI rakSA ke liye kisI sAdhAraNa manuSya kA anivArya paristhiti meM vadha kare to usa kA yaha kArya nirdoSa kahA jA sakatA hai yA nahIM ? uttara- isake liye cAra bAtoM kA vicAra karanA cAhiye / (a) maiM haz2AroM kA avalambana hU~--isakA nirNaya vaha svayaM na kare kintu vaha kare, jise apane jIvana kA balidAna karanA hai / (A) balidAna svecchApUrvaka honA cAhiye / (i) isa kArya meM AtmarakSA kA bhAva nahIM parantu samAja-rakSA kA bhAva honA cAhiye / (I) 1 'merA yaha kArya AtmarakSA ke liye haiM yA samAja-rakSA ke liye ' isa prakAra kA saMdeha kA viSaya banAne se tathA dUsare kI bali ke Upara apanI jIvanarakSA hone se use hArdika pazcAttApa honA cAhiye / ye zarteM bahuta kar3I zarteM haiM, sUkSma hone se bhI inakA pAlana bahuta kaThina hai | sAtha hI ye apavAda ke nirNaya ke liye haiM isaliye apane adhaHpatana tathA dharmanItipara AghAta hone kI bahuta sambhAvanA hai, isaliye bahuta satarkatA ke sAtha isa apavAda 1

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34 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA kA pAlana honA caahiye| prazna--prakRti jaise pazubala ke AdhAra para cunAva karAtI hai tathA isI mArga se vikAsa hotA hai, dharma meM bhI usI nIti kA avalambana kyoM na kiyA jAya ? uttara- prakRti aura dharma ke lakSya meM bahuta aMtara hai / vikAsa sukharUpa hI nahIM hotA, duHkharUpa bhI hotA hai / prakRti kI dRSTi meM sukha aura duHkha meM koI antara nahIM hai / usake liye to svarga bhI vikAsa hai, naraka bhI vikAsa hai / parantu dharma kA sambandha sukhase hai, vaha svarga ko unnati aura naraka ko avanati kahatA hai| prakRtikI kasauTI ko agara dharma bhI apanAle to dharma kI koI z2arUrata nahIM raha jAtI hai| kyoMki prakRti to apanA kAma apane Apa kara rahI hai, usakA bhUlasudhAra agara dharma nahIM karanA cAhatA to usakI z2arUrata kyA hai / vikAsa kA artha hai bar3hanA; dharma prakRti ke bar3hane ko nahIM rokatA kintu prakRtikI jo zakti naraka kI tarapha bar3hane meM kharca hotI hai use vaha svargakI tarafa le jAtA hai, sukhakI tarafa le jAtA hai| isaliye prakRti kI aura dharma kI kasauTI meM thor3A faraka hai| 4-apane se hIna zreNI ke prANI kI hiMsA nirarthaka na honA cAhiye, isa vAkya meM nirarthaka zabda jaTila hai; kyoMki koI AdamI ghUmane ko bhI nirarthaka kahatA hai, aura dUsarA maujazauka ke liye pazuvadha yA naravadha ko bhI sArthaka samajha sakatA hai / isaliye yahA~ kucha sUcanAe~ likha dI jAtI haiM : (ka) jo hiMsA svAsthyarakSA yA jJAnonnati meM sahAyaka nahIM

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ahiMsA ] [ 35 hai, vaha nirarthaka hai / vAyusevana Adi svAsthyarakSA tathA mana zAnti ke liye upayogI hone se nirarthaka nahIM hai | (kha) jitanI sArthakatA hai usake anukUla hI hiMsA honA cAhiye / jaise-vAyusevana meM saMkalpI hiMsA nahIM hotI, sUkSma aura adRzya jIvoM kI hI vizeSataH hiMsA hotI hai, to yaha lAbha ke anukUla hiMsA hai| parantu yadi koI vyAyAma ke nAma para pazuoM kA zikAra kare to yaha hiMsA lAbha ke anusAra nahIM hai kyoMki isameM apane hI samAna paJcendriya prANiyoM ko jAnase hAtha dhonA par3atA hai aura isase phala bahuta thor3A hotA hai| nirarthakatA kA pUrA nirNaya karanA kaThina hai parantu ahiMsA ke anya niyamoM ke anusAra dravya kSetra kAla bhAva dekhakara nirarthakatA kA nirNaya karanA caahiye| 5-sUkSma prANiyoM kI hiMsA rokane ke liye kabhI kabhI aise prayatna kiye jAte haiM jo asaphala hone ke sAtha kaSTaprada hote haiM; jaise dA~tuna nahIM karanA, snAna nahIM karanA, mu~hapatti bA~dhanA, kIr3iyoM ko zakkara DAlanA, kasAiyoM ke hAtha se paisA dekara pazu, pakSI, machalI Adi chur3avAnA Adi / dAMtuna nahIM karane se hiMsA nahIM rukatI / muMha ke sApha karane se yAda dA~toM ke kIr3e mareMge to ekabAra mareMge; kintu sApha na karane se usase kaIguNe kIr3e vahAM paidA hoMge aura thUka ke sAtha peTakI bhaTTI meM cale jaayeNge| isake atirikta gaMdagI se mu~ha meM durgaMdha Ane lagatI hai, isase apane ko kaSTa hotA hai aura isase bhI adhika unheM hotA hai jo apane sAtha bAta karate haiN| isake sAtha gaMdagI se

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36 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA pramAda bhI bar3hatA hai / isaliye ahiMsA ke nAma para yaha nirarthaka yatnAcAra hai| yahI bAta snAna na karane ke viSaya meM bhI hai| zarIra meM pasInA to AyA hI karatA hai jo jIvayoni hai / agara use sAfa na kiyA jAya to malinatA Adi bar3hane se jIva adhika paidA hone lagate haiM, durgaMdha bhI bar3hatI hai, pramAda bhI bar3hatA hai / ucita sAdhana na mileM aura snAna na kiyA jAya to koI hAni nahIM, parantu asnAna ko vrata banAne kI jarUrata nahIM hai / jina dinoM muni samAja meM nahIM rahate the, pratidina bhojana bhI nahIM karate the, jaMgala meM rahane se snAna vagairaha ke pavitra sAdhana nahIM milate the, usa samaya ye vrata banAye gaye / isake atirikta yaha bhI sambhava hai ki snAna Adi kriyAoM ko ho paramadharma mAnanevAle aura isake na karane meM mahAna adharma mAnanevAle logoM ke durAgraha kA virodha karane ke liye yaha niyama banAyA gayA ho, aura pIche kAraNavaza ise bhI aikAntika rUpa denA par3A ho, yA aikAntika rUpa prApta ho gayA ho / athavA yaha bhI sambhava hai ki svacchatA ke nAma para muniyoM meM zrRMgArapriyatA bar3hane lagI ho aura zrRMgArapriyatA ko rokane ke liye tathA muniyoM ko pariSahavijayI banAne ke liye ye niyama banAye gaye hoM / matalaba yaha ki ahiMsA ke liye ye niyama nirupayogI haiN| dUsarI dRSTi se usa samaya inake banAne kI AvazyakatA huI hogI, parantu Aja kI paristhiti meM ye nirarthaka haiN| 1. mu~hapatti ke viSaya meM bhI yahI bAta hai / vaha vAyukAya ke

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ahiMtA ]. | 37 / jIvoM kI rakSA ke liye bA~dhI jAtI hai, parantu nirarthaka hai, kyoMki mu~hapatti se mu~ha kI vAyu rukakara sAmane na jAkara nIce jAyagI, parantu vAyu to vahAM para bhI hai / isaliye vahAM bhI jIva mreNge| isake atirikta kapar3e meM jo garmI paidA ho jAtI hai, usase pIche bhI jIva marate rahate haiN| isake atirikta thUka vagairaha se mu~hapatti kRmipUrNa ho sakatI hai| isa prakAra usase utanA lAbha nahIM hai, jitanI hAni hai / phira bhI hiMsA nahIM rukatI, nAsikA kI vAyu se tathA zarIra ke samparka se jIva - hiMsA hotI hI rahatI hai / isake liye nAsikApatti nahIM lagAI jA sakatI hai / na sArA zarIra AvRta kiyA jA sakatA hai / kaI loga kaur3iyoMko zakkara DAlakara asaMkhya kIr3iyoko ekatrita karake hiMsA ke sAdhana ekatrita karate haiM / ekabAra maiMne dekhA ki sar3aka ke eka kinAre asaMkhya cITe mare par3e haiN| maiM samajha nahIM sakA ki aisI svaccha sar3aka para asaMkhya cITe marane ke liye kahA~ se A gaye ? isa prakAra kI ghaTanA jaba maiMne mujhe aura bhI Azcarya huA / parantu, eka dina merI naz2ara eka pAsa ke bAra bAra dekhI taba bahutasI zakkara vRkSa ke nIce par3a gaI, vahA~ kisI dharmAtmA jIvane DAlI thI / usakI dayAlutA kA hI yaha phala thA ki asaMkhya cITe zakkara ke lobha se vahA~ Ate the aura rAhagIroM ke pairoM se kucalakara mauta ke mu~ha meM jAte the| kIr3oM-makor3oM kI dayA isameM nahIM hai ki unheM marane ke liye nimaMtraNa diyA jAya, kintu isameM hai ki svacchatA rakhakara unheM paidA hone na diyA jAya / svacchatA na rakhanA kIr3oM kI hiMsA karanA hai / kaI loga paisA dekara kasAiyoM se jIva chur3Ate hai / aise

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38 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA bhAiyoM kA aviveka atyanta dayanIya hai | ve vAstava meM prANivadha ko uttejanA dete haiM / eka kasAI pazu kharIdatA hai, isaliye ki vaha use mArakara usake zarIra se adhika paisA paidA kare / parantu eka jainI bhAI usako pUre dAma dekara usake parizrama ko bacAtA hai aura isa taraha aura bhI jaldI adhika pazu mAraneke liye uttejita karatA hai / agara aisA niyama hotA ki jisane paisA lekara pazu chor3a diyA vaha aba pazuvadha na karegA to yaha ThIka thA; kintu jaba vaha acchI taraha pazuvadha karatA rahatA hai taba use paisA dekara pazu chur3AnA-pazuvadha ke liye Arthika uttejana denA hai / pazuvadha ke rokane kA ilAja to yaha hai ki unake mana meM ahiMsA kA bhAva paidA kiyA jAya / pazuoM kA isa taraha pAlana kiyA jAya, jisase unakI upayogitA bar3he Adi / maiMne dekhA hai ki paryuSaNa ke avasara para jaba jainI loga mandira Adi ke liye jAte haiM aura rAste meM agara koI tAlAba par3atA hai to usa dina bIsoM machalImAra sirpha isaliye machalI mArane lagate haiM ki jaina loga paise dekara machaliyAM chur3Ayage / agara jainI loga isa prakAra pralobhana una ke sAmane na rakheM to ve isa prakAra machaliyAM mAraneke liye uttejita na hoN| yaha yAda rakhanA cAhiye ki dharma kA pAlana kevala hRdayakI komalatA se nahIM hotA, usake riye viveka aura vicArazakti kI bhI qhAsa z2arUrata hai, anyathA mithyAdRSTi ke tapakI taraha vaha nirarthaka hI hotA hai| 6-kabhI kabhI manuSya apanI mahattAkA pradarzana karane ke liye athavA kAyaratAvaza yA dveSavaza sUkSma hiMsA bacAne ke bahAne se

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ahiMsA ] [ 39 kartavyacyuta hotA hai / hitopadeza meM eka kathA AtI haiM ki eka gIdar3ane apane mitra hariNa ko isaliye jAla se na chur3AyA thA ki jAla tA~ta kA banA thaa| mAMsamakSI gIdar3a kA yaha bahAnA jaisA daMbha thA, isI prakAra kA daMbha saikar3oM manuSya karate haiN| 'amuka AdamI davAkhAne meM oNparezana karAne gayA hai, na mAlUma kyA khAyagA isaliye maiM usakI sevA nahIM kara sakatA / '' agara maiM usako upadeza dU~gA to vAyukAya ke jIva mareMge, isaliye use sacAI para lagAne ke liye upadeza nahIM de sakatA, isa prakAra bIsoM bahAne banAkara manuSya kartavyacyuta hotA hai / koI koI loga to sirpha isaliye paropakAra nahIM karate -- use marane se bhI bacAne kI ceSTA nahIM karate - ki agara vaha jIvita rahegA to na mAlUma kyA kyA pApa karegA isaliye maiM use nahIM bacAU~gA / vAstava meM yaha ajJAna hai| kyoMki isa siddhAnta ke anusAra aise manuSyoM ko bacce bhI paidA na karanA cAhiye agara paidA ho jA~ya bhI na karanA cAhiye kyoMki na mAlUna vaha baccA yuvA kyA pApa karegA ? isa prakAra isa siddhAnta ke anusAra samAja kA nAza hI ho jAvegA, kalyANa kA mArga hI naSTa ho jAyagA / prathama adhyAya meM batAye hue kalyANamArga ke anusAra kalyANavRddhi ke liye jIvana ko paropakAramaya banAne kI AvazyakatA hai / agara apane ko mAlUma ho jAya ki amuka prANI ke jIvita rahane se usI ke samAna yA usase mahAn anya aneka prANiyoM kA vadha avazyambhAvI hai to isa dRSTi se usakA na bacAnA hI nahIM, kintu vadha karanA taka kartavya hogA / kintu, jo prANI isa zreNI meM nahIM to unakA pAlana hokara kyA

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40 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsA Ate unakI rakSA na karanA aura rakSA na karane ko dharma samajhanA ThIka nahIM hai / -6 do prANiyoM meM se eka kA maranA anivArya ho aura 1 eka ke mArane se dUsarA baca sakatA ho to paropakArIko bacAnA ucita hai / jaise--mAtA ke udara meM baccA isa taraha pha~sa gayA hai ki kisI bhI taraha nahIM nikalatA / sirpha do hI upAya haiM ki yA to bacce ko kATakara mAtA ko bacAyA jAya yA mAtA kA peTa cIrakara baccA nikAla liyA jAya to aisI hAlata meM mAtA kA bacAnA hI zreyaskara hai, kyoMki bacce kA upakAra mAtA ke dvArA huA hai, na ki bacce ke dvArA mAtA kA upakAra - 1 - aisI hAlata meM bacce kA vadha karanA bhI kartavya hai / yadi isa prakAra nirNaya na ho sake arthAt unameM upakArya upakAraka bhAva na ho to jo adhika saMyamI (saMyamaveSI nahIM) tathA samAja hitakArI ho usakA rakSaNa karanA cAhiye / matalaba yaha ki ahiMsA -- dayAlutA -- ke nAmapara donoM ko marane denA, prANirakSA ke liye kI jAnevAlI anivArya hiMsA ko bhI pApa samajhanA bhUla haiM / 8-- atyAcAra rokane ke liye atyAcArIkA anivArya vadha bhI hiMsA nahIM hai / jaise rAmane sItA Upara honevAle anyAyako rokane ke liye rAvaNa kA vadha kiyA / athavA kalpanA karo ki koI munisaMgha jaMgala meM baiThA ho aura koI jAnavara unapara AkramaNa kare aura usake rokane ke liye agara usakA vadha karanA par3e to bhI vaha kSantavya hai, bhale hI yaha kAma muni hI kyoM na kare / jaba sAmAnyarUpa meM usakA vadha karanA ucita hai, taba vaha zrAvaka

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ahiMsA ] kare yA muni, eka hI bAta hai / yogyatA, ayogyatA kI saMghaTanA kI bAta dUsarI hai, parantu dharmAdharma kI kucha antara nahIM par3atA / prazna--kyA jo zrAvaka kA kartavya hai, vaha munikA bhI avazya hai ? donoM kA kartavya-kSetra kyA bilakula eka hai ? yadi hA~, to donoM meM antara kyA hai ? [ 41 kI yA saMsthA dRSTi se usameM uttara - zrAvaka aura muni kA bheda kArya kA bheda nahIM hai kintu Asakti anAsakti kA bheda hai / jo anAsakta rahakara kArya karatA hai vaha muni hai / jisakI Asakti maryAdita hai, vaha zrAvaka hai / jisakI Asakti amaryAda hai vaha asaMyamI hai / jo kartavya sAmAnyataH kartavyarUpameM nizcita huA ho, vaha sabhI ke liye kartavya hai | aura jo amuka vyakti yA vyakti samudAya / kI apekSA kartavya mAnA gayA ho vaha usI vyakti yA samaSTi ke ke liye kartavya hai / jaise mandira meM jAkara devakI pUjA karanA usI ke liye kartavya hai, jisako usakI jarUrata ho, mahAtmAoM ke liye nahIM / kartavya kA bheda muni zrAvaka kA bheda nahIM hai, kintu bhAvanA aura jarUrata kA bheda hai / yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki anAsakta jIvana bitAne ke liye dravyakSetra kAlabhAva ke anusAra muni jIvana ke bArUpa aneka prakAra ke hoM / 9 -- dharma kA lakSya kalyANa hai 1 / kabhI kabhI jIvana kalyANa kA virodhI ho jAtA hai, usa samaya kalyANa ke liye jIvana kA tyAga karanA par3atA hai / parantu use AtmahatyA nahIM kahate / udAharaNArtha, sallekhanA yA samAdhimaraNa kI kriyA aisI hI hai| jaba

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42 ) [ jainadharma-mImAMsA koI muni yA gRhastha dekhatA hai, ki vaha aise upadrava yA bImArI Adi meM phaMsa gayA hai yA jarAvasthA ke kAraNa vaha apane ko aura dUsaroM ko duHkha kA kAraNa bana rahA hai aura isakA pratIkAra kucha nahIM rahA hai, taba vaha kisI saumyavidhi se prANatyAga karatA hai / yadi kisI ko isa prakAra marane meM kaSTa mAlUma hotA ho to usakA prANatyAga karanA nirarthaka hai / . jaba prANatyAga jIvana kI apekSA zreyaskara mAlUma ho, tabhI karanA cAhiye / aise prANatyAga meM sahAyaka honA bhI anucita nahIM hai / parantu yaha kArya honA cAhiye prANatyAga karanevAle kI icchA ke anusAra / apane Apa to isa prakAra kA prastAva rakhanA bhI anacita hai, balki agara vaha svayaM icchA pradarzita kare, to eka do bAra manA bhI karanA cAhiye / phira jaba yaha acchI taraha nirNaya ho jAya ki vAstava meM isakI icchA hai, yaha lokalajjA Adi se aisA nahIM kaha rahA hai, aura isakI avasthA bhI prANatyAga karane ke lAyaka hai taba usake isa kArya meM sahayoga karanA caahiye| samAdhimaraNa ke viSaya meM Age kucha vistAra se vivecana kiyA jaaygaa| samAdhimaraNa kI isa prakriyA ke liye hI isa niyama kI upayogitA nahIM hai kintu aura bhI aise avasara A sakate haiM jaba svecchApUrvaka prANatyAga karane para bhI AtmahatyA kA doSa nahIM lgtaa| jaise--kisI satI ke Upara balAtkAra karane ke liye koI usakA haraNa kara le aura vaha satI, satItva kI rakSA ke liye nahIM kyoMki yadi satI kI icchA na ho to balAtkAra hone para bhI satItva naSTa nahIM hotA--kintu atyAcArI ke atyAcAra ko niSphala banAne ke liye jisase ki bhaviSya meM atyAcArI atyAcAra se virata hoM, agara prANatyAga kare

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ahiMsA ] [ 43 to use AtmahatyA kA pApa na lgegaa| isI prakAra dharmarakSA, nItirakSA, dezarakSA Adi ke liye prANatyAga karanA anucita nahIM kahA jA sakatA / yadi kisI ko yaha vizvAsa ho jAya ki mere jIvita rahane se asahya yantraNAeM dekara mere jIvana kA durupayoga kiyA jAyagA, rahasyodghATana karake aneka nyAyamArgiyoM ko satAyA jAyagA, to isake liye bhI prANatyAga karanA anucita nahIM kahA jA sktaa| isa prakAra aura bhI bahuta se abasara ho sakate haiM jaba ki AtmakalyANa aura samAjahita kI dRSTi se prANatyAga karanA par3e parantu use AtmahatyA kA pApa na lge| hAM, yaha bAta avazya hai ki jo kAma kiyA jAya samabhAva se kiyA jAya / usameM agara vyaktigata dveSa paidA ho jAya, kartavyabuddhi na rahe yA gauNa ho jAya to vahAM asaMyama ho jAyagA / vaha utane aMza meM hiMsA kahA jaaygaa| ahiMsA ke Upara--khAsakara jainadharma kI ahiMsA ke Upara yaha doSAropa kiyA gayA hai ki isase manuSya kAyara ho jAtA hai, dezarakSA Adi kA kArya nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, bhArata kI parAdhInatA kA kAraNa yaha ahiMsA hI hai / parantu merI samajha meM isa doSAropa meM kucha dama nahIM hai| yoM to pratyeka guNa kI oTa meM doSa chupA karatA hai, yA bahuta se durguNa guNoM ke rUpameM dikhalAye jAte haiM, parantu isIliye guNoM kI avahelanA nahIM kI jA sakatI / kSamA kI oTa meM nirbalatA, vinaya kI oTa meM cApalUsI, amAyikatA kI oTa meM cugalakhorI, mitavyayitA kI oTa meM kaMjUsI Adi chipAyI jAtI hai. / isI prakAra

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44 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA agara kisI ne ahiMsA kI oTa meM kAyaratA ko chipAyI ho to isameM na to koI Azcarya kI bAta hai na isase ahiMsA kI nindA kI jA sakatI hai| saMsAra meM aisA koI guNa nahIM hai jisake nAma kA durupayoga nahIM kiyA jAtA ho / jainadharma ne ahiMsA pAlana kI aisI kar3I zarta kahIM nahIM lagAI jisase eka rAjA ko yA kSatriya ko yA kisI ko bhI apane laukika kartavya se cyuta honA pdd'e| agara koI rAjA jaina ho jA aura vaha gRhasthocita ahiMsA vrata ( aNutrata) kA pAlana karane lage to vaha prajA ko daMDa na de sakegA yA prajA kI rakSA ke liye yuddha na kara sakegA - yaha bAta na to jainadharma ke AcArazAstra se siddha hotI hai na jaina kathA-granthoM ke caritracitraNoM se mAlUma hotI hai / gRhastha virodhI hiMsA kA tyAgI nahIM hai, kara sakatA hai -- yaha bAta to prAyaH saba jagaha jainAcAryoM ne jahAM yuddhAdi kA varNana kiyA hai vahAM yaha bAta bhI dikhalAI hai ki aNuvratI loga bhI sainika jIvana vyatIta karate the / raviSeNakRta padmacarita meM jahAM sainikoM kA varNana hai vahAM spaSTa kahA hai ki koI sainika samyagdRSTi hai. koI aNuvratI 5 hai / jaina - purANoM meM yuddha aura digvijaya ke khUba hI sundara aura vistRta varNana Ate haiM, aura aisA kahIM nahIM likhA ki yuddhoM se kisI kA jainatva naSTa ho gayA yA vaha aNuvratI nahIM rahA / jainiyoM 4 samyagdarzanasampannaH zUraH kazcidaNuvratI / pRSThato vIkSyate palyA purastridazakanyayA // 3-168 // isaliye vaha yuddha milatI hai aura 3.

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ahiMsA ] [ 45 ne jitane mahApuruSoM ko mAnA hai ve saba prAyaH kSatriya haiM aura prAyaH una sabake sAtha yuddhoM kI paramparA lagI huI hai| ahiMsA aura dharma ke pUrNAvatAra svarUpa tIrthaMkaroM ke jIvana bhI yuddha se khAlI nahIM haiM / 1 harivaMza purANa meM neminAtha tIrthaMkara kA mahAbhArata yuddha meM bhAga lenA batalAyA hai / donoM tarapha ke vIroM kI lisTa meM neminAtha kA nAma AtA hai | indra ke dvArA bheje hue ratha para car3hakara neminAtha yuddha meM jAte haiM / nemIzvara zAka nAmaka zaMkha bajAte haiN| aura dakSiNa dizA se cakravyUha kA bhedana karate haiM / ariSTanemi ke ratha ke ghor3e hare raMga ke the aura jaba jarAsindha ne kRSNa ke Upara cakra chor3A taba ve kRSNa ke sAtha khar3e the / caka ne neminAtha kI aura kRSNa kI pradakSiNA kI thI / zAntinAtha, kunthanAtha aura aranAtha to tIrthaMkara hone ke sAtha cakravartI bhI the isaliye unane cha : khaNDa kI vijaya bhI kI thI / jaba tIrthaMkara sarIkhe sarvazreSTha dharmAdhikArI yuddha karate haiM aura jainazAstra isakA sundara, vistRta aura prazaMsApUrNa zabdoM meM varNana 1 yaduSvatiratho nebhistathaiva balakezavau / atikramya sthitAn sarvAn bhArate'tirathAMstu te / 50 - 77 / mAtalyadhiSThitaM sAtra sutrAmaprahitaM rathaM / nemIzvaraH samArUr3ho yadUnAmarthasiddhaye . 51 - 11 danau nemIzvaraH zaMkhaM zAkaM zatrubhayAvaham / 51-20 / madhyaM vimeda senAnI nemirdakSiNataH kSaNAt // 51-22 // zukasamairatrairyuko'yaM svarNazRMkhalaiH / ariSTanemivIrasya vRSaketumahArathaH / 52-6 | nemIzastvavadhijJAtabhAvikAryagatisthitiH cakrasyAbhimukhaca viSNunaiva saha sthitiM / 52 - 64 | sahapradakSiNIkRtya bhagavannominA hariM / tatkare dakSiNe tasthau zaMkhacakrAMkuzAMkite / 52-66 /

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46 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA karate haiM, taba yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki jaina hone se koI yuddha ke kAma kA nahIM rahatA / jainazAstroM meM Aye hue jaina mahApuruSoM kI agara ginatI lagAI jAya to sau meM ninyAnabe se adhika mahApuruSa to kSatriya-varNa ke hI mileMge / isase kahA jA sakatA hai ki jainadharma sArvadharma honepara bhI vizeSataH kSatriyoM kA dharma hai athavA yoM kahanA cAhiye ki kSatriyoM ne isa dharma se vizeSa lAbha uThAyA hai aura kSatriya-varNa to eka yuddha gIvI varNa rahA hai / isase koI kahe ki jainadharma kI ahiMsA ne bhAratIyoM ko yuddhavimukha banA diyA aura isase ve parAdhIna ho gaye to usakA yaha kahanA ahiMsA aura khAsakara jainadharma kI ahiMsA se nAsamajhI pragaTa karanA hai, sAtha hI usapara anyAya karanA hai| zaMkA- Apa pArzvanAtha ke pahile jainadharma kA astitva adhere meM mAnate haiM, phira yahA~ ariSTanemi, zAntinAtha, kunthanAtha, rAma, rAvaNa Adi ke nAmoM kA upayoga kyoM karate haiM ? ye saba pArzvanAtha ke pahile ke haiM isaliye jainI ahiMsA ko samajhAne ke kAma meM ye nahIM A skte| samAdhAna-- koI caritra kalpita ho yA tathyapUrNa, parantu usake citraNa meM caritranirmAtAkA hRdaya rahatA hai| mAnalo rAma rAvaNa Adi kI kathAe~ bilakula kalpita haiM, parantu usase itanA to mAlUma hotA hai ki kathAkAra rAma aura sItAko puruSa aura strI kA Adarza mAnatA hai / isI prakAra jaina granthakAroMkI kathAvastu kalpita bhale hI ho, parantu usase una granthakAroMkA hRdaya mAlUma hotA hai / isa prakAra itihAsa kI apekSA bhI ina kalpita kathAoMkA mahatva

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ahiMsA ] .. [47 tathA upayogitA bar3ha jAtI hai, kyoMki itihAsa se to hameM itanAhI mAlUma hotA hai ki kyA huA , parantu kalpita kathA se yA icchAnusAra parivartita kathAse hama yaha jAna sakate haiM ki kyA honA cAhiye / maiMne jo uparyukta udAharaNa liye, ve aitihAsika dRSTi se nahIM, kintu jainadRSTi ko samajhAne kI dRSTise / isa dRSTise to tathyapUrNa caritroM kI apekSA kalpita caritra adhika upayogI hote haiN| zaMkA-- jainadharma kI ahiMsA bhale hI manuSya ko kAyara na vanAtI ho aura jainacAryoM ne bhale hI apane zubha svapnoM kA citraNa caritragranthoM meM kiyA ho, aura sambhava hai ma.mahAvIra ke samayake AsapAsa usakA aisAhI rUpa rahA ho, parantu pIche se jaina samAja avazya hI eka kAyara samAja bana gayA; itanA hI nahIM, kintu usane samAja para eka aisI chApa mArI ki sabhI loga kAyara ho gaye / yahI kAraNa hai ki bhAratavarSa ko gulAmI kI jaMjIreM pahinanA par3I haiN| samAdhAna-- pichale savA do haz2Ara varSa ke itihAsa para agara naz2ara DAlI jAya to hameM sambhavataH eka bhI udAharaNa na milegA ki jainI ahiMsA ne deza ko gulAma banAyA ho| sikandara se lekara aMgrejI lar3AiyoM taka jitane yuddha hue haiM, aura unameM jahA~ jahAM bhI bhAratIyoM kA parAjaya huA hai, vahA~ vahAM mukhyataH phUTane tathA rASTrIyabhAvanA ke abhAva ne kAma kiyA hai / kahIM kahIM andhavizvAsa yA caukApanthI mUr3hatAne bhI parAjita hone meM sahAyatA pahuMcAyI hai / sikaMdara kI porasa para jo vijaya huI thI usakA kAraNa

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48] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA to hAthiyoM kA bigar3anA Adi thA, parantu usake pahile jo saphalatA huI thI usakA kAraNa phUTa hI thA / islAmadharmavAloM ke saMgharSameM bhI hameM hara jagaha phaTa yA rAjanaitika mUrkhatA hI dikhAI detI hai aura aise hI kAraNa aMgrejI saMgharSake samaya meM bhI rahe haiM / " maiM ahiMsaka hUM isaliye yuddha nahIM karUMgA" aisA vicArakara kisIne dezako videziyoMke tAbe kara diyA ho, aisI koI ghaTanA nahIM miltii| isake atirikta aitihAsika yuga meM jaina narezoMke yuddha aura vijaya kA itihAsa milatA hai / samrAT khAravelakA nAma to prasiddha hI hai, parantu kucha zatAbdI pahile taka jaina rAjA hote rahe haiM / Aja jainiyoM ke hAtha meM rAjyazrI nahIM hai isakA kAraNa ahiMsA nahIM hai, kintu prakRtikA niyama hai / bar3e bar3e sAmrAjya DUbe, sabhyatAe~ DUbI, isa taraha parivartana hote hI rahate haiM usI niyamAnusAra jaina yuga bhI calA gyaa| aitihAsika ghaTanAoM kA nirIkSaNa karane se bhAratakI parAjayake kucha kAraNa spaSTa dikhAI dene lagate haiM / jaise 1 phUTa--pRthvIrAja, jayacandra, Adi isake udAharaNa haiM / . 2 IrSyA-marAThA sAmrAjyake adhaHpatanake samaya siMdhiyA holakara Adi meM / 3 vizvAsaghAta-sikkha senApati, mIrajAphara Adi / 4 rAjanaitika-pRthvIrAjakI anucita kSamA, rANA pratApa kA bhAiyoM ko vidrohI banA lenaa| vIratA hone para bhI nIti se kAma na lenaa| 5 caukApanthI mUr3hatA--hindU sipAhiyoMkI rasoI meM musalamAna sipAhiyoM ke Ane se rasoIkA apavitra mAna lenA isase

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ahiMsA ] [ 19 hindU sipAhiyoM kA bhUkhe rahanA aura taiyAra rasoI virodhiyoM ke hAtha laganA Adi / 6- andhavizvAsa-zatradalane agara tIra mArakara jhaMDA girA diyA to sirpha isI bAta se hindU senA kA bhAga uThanA / 7- arASTrIyatA-eka hindUrAjA ke adhaHpatana ko dUsare hindUrAjA kA cupacApa dekhate rahanA / rASTrIyatA ke nAte use apanI kSati na samajhanA / 8- varNavyavasthA-rAjyakA kAravAra kSatriyoMke hAtha meM hI hone se anya tIna varSoM kA isa tarafa se udAsIna hokara ' kou nRpa hoya hameM kA hAnI' vAlI nItikA pAlana karanA / isaliye videzI rAjAoM kA bhI svadezI rAjAoM kI taraha svAgata karanA / 9-koI bhI deza jaba apane samaya meM samRddhikI caramasImA para pahuMca jAtA hai taba usa meM vilAsitA Adi kI mAtrA bar3hajAtI hai, dharma aura artha luptaprAya ho jAte haiM aura kAmakA rAjya bar3hajAtA hai / isase aneka durguNa paidA hone ke sAtha vIratA aura tyAgakA abhAva ho jAtA hai / bhArata meM bhI aisA hI huaa| uparyukta kAraNa jitane jabardasta haiM unane hI spaSTa haiM / sambhava hai koI halakI patalI aisI bhI ghaTanA huI ho jahA~ kisI dharmAmAsI rAjAne ahiMsA dharma kI oTa meM apanI kAyaratA ko chupAkara zatruoMko ghusane diyA ho, parantu aisI ghaTanAe~ itanI bar3I nahIM hai jinakA dezavyApI prabhAva par3A ho, aura itihAsa meM jinake liye koI sthAna ho / yaha bhI sambhava hai ki kucha jainAcAryoMne ahiMsA ke saMkucita

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50 [ jainadharma-mImAMsA rUpakA pracAra kiyA ho, parantu isase dezako kucha hAni huI ho aisA koI pramANa nahIM milatA / hA~, isase aneka rAjAoMne jainadharma chor3a diyA aura sambhavataH aneka kSatriyaH jAtiyA~ vaizya bana gaI, parantu ye parivartana dezake patana meM kAraNa nahIM hue / isase jainadharma ke pracAra meM bAdhA par3I, usake pAlanevAloM kI saMkhyA ghaTa gaI, parantu isase rASTrako koI kSati nahIM uThAnI pdd'ii| Aja jainadharma vaizyoM ke hAtha meM hai, isaliye usakA rUpa kucha dUsarA hI dikhalAI detA hai / jainapurANoM meM varNita aura AcArazAstra meM kathita rUpa nahIM dikhAI detA / vaha dikhalAI detA taba, jaba usake pAlana karanevAle kSatriya bhI bace hote / isake kAraNa to aneka haiM parantu pichale samaya ke dharmaguruoM kA ahiMsA ke viSaya meM avyAvahArika durAgraha bhI kAraNa hai, jisakA duSphala jainasamAja ko bhoganA par3A hai| phira bhI dezakI rAjanIti para usakA koI ullekhanIya prabhAva nahIM par3A hai| sAra yaha hai ki jainadharma kI ahiMsA kA kSatriyatva ke sAtha jarA bhI virodha nahIM hai| hAM, jainadharma itanA jarUra kahatA hai ki nirarthaka raktapAta na honA cAhiye / raktapAta jitanA kama ho, utanA hI acchA / yaha bAta jainapurANoM ke caritracitraNa se bhI spaSTa hotI hai| udAharaNArtha-bAlmIki rAmAyaNa ke anusAra sItA curAne ke kAraNa sirpha rAvaNa hI nahIM mArA gayA kintu kumbhakarNa indrajita vagairaha bhI mAre gaye / jainapurANa itanI hiMsA nirarthaka samajhate haiM, isaliye ve rAvaNa kA to vadha karAte haiM--kyoMki usakA aparAdha prANadaMDa ka hI yogya hai-parantu indrajita kumbhakarNa vagairaha ko kaida

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ahiMsA ] 51 karAte haiM aura yuddha ke aMta meM ve chor3a diye jAte haiM, jisase ve zramaNadIkSA lekara mokSa prApta karate haiM / isI prakAra jaina mahAbhArata meM bhI duryodhana Adi mAre nahIM jAte, kintu kaida hote haiM aura aMta meM zramaNa banate haiN| yahI hAla kIcaka kA bhI hotA hai| vaha bhI mArA nahIM jAtA / isa caritracitraNa kA sAra itanA hI hai ki AvazyakatAvaza manuSyavadha karanA par3e to kiyA jAya, parantu jahAM taka ho vaha kama kiyA jAya / zatru agara gur3a se maratA ho to viSa se na mArA jAya / vaha sudhara sakatA ho to use sudharane kA maukA diyA jAya / maiM nahIM samajhatA ki isa nIti ko koI anucita kahegA / kisI samaya kI bAta dUsarI hai / parantu dharma kA samaya rAjanaitika paristhitiyoM ke samaya se kucha bar3A hotA hai / dharma ina paristhitiyoM ke anusAra kArya karane kA niSedha nahIM karatA, phira bhI usakI dRSTi manuSyatA tathA sarvabhatahita para rahatI hai| jIvana meM utsarga aura apavAda donoM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| utsarga ke sthAnapara apavAda kA prayoga jisa prakAra anucita hai, usI prakAra apavAda ke sthAnapara utsarga kA prayoga karanA bhI anucita hai / manuSya inake prayogoM meM bhUlatA hai parantu usake phalako bhUla kA phala nahIM mAnatA kintu niyama nIti yA dharma kA duSphala mAnatA hai yaha ThIka nahIM hai| ___ maiM pahile kaha cukA hUM ki pratyeka guNa kA durupayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu isIliye guNa niMdanIya nahIM hote / isI prakAra ahiMsA kA bhI durupayoga ho sakatA hai aura aneka jagaha huA bhI hai, parantu isIse vaha niMdanIya nahIM ho sakatI / jainadharma kI

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52 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA ahiMsA ho yA anya kisI dharma ko ahiMsA ho, saba ke viSaya meM yahI bAta kahI jA sakatI hai| kisI vastu kI parIkSA karate samaya sirpha usake durupayoga para hI najara na rakhanA cAhiye, kintu usake vAstavika rUpa para dRSTi DAlanA cAhiye, isa dRSTi se jainI ahiMsA para vicAra kiyA jAya to vaha anucita na mAlUma hogI, kintu aneka dRSTiyoM se usameM upayogI vizeSatAe~ mAlUma hogI / satya jaise ko taisA kahanA satya hai / parantu yaha satya jJAnake kSetrakA satya hai / dharma ke kSetrakA satya isase bhinna hai| dharma to jagat-kalyANa ke liye hai isaliye dharma ke kSetra meM vahI vacana satya kahA jA sakatA hai jo kalyANakara ho| isaliye donoM satyoMkA bheda samajhane ke liye maiM jude jude zabda rakha letA huuN| jaise ko taisA kahanA tathya hai, aura kalyANakArI vacana satya hai / yadyapi aneka sthaloMpara tathya aura satya meM virodha nahIM hotA, phira bhI aneka mauke aise Ate haiM jaba tathya aura satya meM virodha paidA ho jAtA hai / isa virodha kA samajhanA hI muzkila hai / eka cora kaha sakatA hai ki agara maiM tathya bolUMgA to corI na kara sakU~ga, isase dukhI honA par3egA, isaliye merA atathya bolanA bhI satya kahalAyA isa prakAra tathya aura satya ke virodha mAnanese satya kI hatyA hI ho jAyagI / isaliye kisa jagaha atathya bhI satya hai, kisa jagaha tathya bhI asatya hai, isa viSaya meM gaMbhIra satarkatA kI jarUrata hai| jisa prakAra pahile hiMsAke saMkalpI Adi cAra bheda kiye gaye the, usI prakAra hameM asatya arthAt atathya ke bhI cAra bheda

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satya ] [53 karanA cAhiye / saMkalpI atathya -- svArthavaza dUsare ke hitAhita kA vicAra na karake kisI niraparAdha prANI ke sAtha asatya bolanA yA kisI dUsare DhaMgase asatyabhAva pragaTa karanA saMkalpI asatya ( atathya ) hai / ArambhI-pAgaloMkI, baccoM kI, rogI ityAdikI rakSA ke liye jo hameM atathya bolanA par3e vaha ArambhI atathya hai / yA anajAna meM hamAre mu~hase atathya nikale, vaha bhI ArambhI atathya hai| udyogI--- arthopArjana Adi meM apane rahasya chupAne kI jarUrata ho, aura usakA chupAnA naitika niyamoM yA kAnUnake viruddha na ho to usa ke liye atathya bolanA udyogI atathya hai / virodha--anyAya ke pratIkAra ke liye tathA naitika AtmarakSA ke liye atathya bolanA virodhI atathya hai| ina meM se saMkalpI hiMsA ke samAna saMkalpI atathya kA tyAga avazya karanA cAhiye / virodhI ke tyAgakI jarUrata nahIM / hA~, agara dUsare kisI mArga se AtmarakSA yA atyAcAranivRtti kI jA sakatI ho aura vaha mArga apana pakar3a sakate hoM to virodhI atathya bhI na bolA jAya, yaha acchA hai / bAkI do ke viSaya meM bhI yatnAcAra karanA cAhiye, tathA anivArya paristhiti meM hI unakA upayoga karanA cAhiye / yaha yAda rakhanA cAhiye ki jIvana meM hiMsA jisa prakAra anivArya hai, usa prakAra asatya anivArya nahIM hai / isaliye hiMsA ke liye jitanI chUTa dI jA sakatI hai, utanI asatya yA atathya ke liye nahIM dI jA sakatI / phira bhI itanI bAta to ThIka hai ki agara durupayoga na kiyA jAya to atathya bhI

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54 ] '[ jainadharma-mImAMsA satya hotA hai aura tathya bhI asatya hotA hai| jainAcAryoMne jo satya kI vyAkhyA kI hai usase bhI yahI siddha hotA hai / savArthasiddhikAra kahate haiM " asata zabda prazaMsAvAcI hai, asat arthAta aprazasta / jo prANiyoMko duHkha denevAlA hai vaha aprazasta hai, bhale hI vastu. sthiti kI dRSTise vaha ThIka ho yA na ho / kyoMki ahiMsA ke pAlana ke liye bAkI vrata haiM, isaliye hiMsA karanevAle, duHkha dene vAle vacana anuta haiM / " mahAbhAratakAra bhI kahate haiM---- satya (tathyapUrNa) kA bolanA acchA hai parantu satyakI apekSA hitakArI bolanA acchA hai / jo prANiyoMke liye hitakArI hai, vahI mere matase satya hai / * isake samarthana meM jainazAstrokI guNasthAnacarcA--jo ki eka mahattvapUrNa asAdhAraNa carcA hai--bhI sahAyaka hai / Atmika vikAsake kramake anusAra jainiyoMne prANiyoMkI caudaha zreNiyA~ kI haiM / pA~cavIM ma sacchabdaH prazaMsAvAcI na sadapadaprazastamiti yAvat / prANipAr3Akara yattadaprazastam / vidyamAnArthaviSayamvA avidyamAnArthaviSayamvA / uktaM ca-prAgeva ahiMsApratipAlanAmitaravratamiti tasmAddhisAkarmavaco'nRtamiti nizceyam / * satyasya vacanaM zreyaH satyAdapi hitaM vadena / yabhUtahitamatyantam etatsatyaM mataM mama // -zAntiparva 326,-13, 287-19 / athavA-'yadabhUtahitamatyantaM tatsatyamiti dhaarnnaa|' -vanaparva 209-4 /

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ahiMsA ] [ 55 zreNImeM prANI asalyakA AMzika tyAgI hotA hai, aura laTThI zreNI (pramattavirata ) meM pUrNatyAgI / chaTThI zreNImeM pahu~cA huA manuSya satya mahAvratakA pUrNa pAlaka hotA hai, phira bhI jainazAstroMke anusAra asatyavacanayoga bArahavIM zreNI taka rahatA hai / isakA matalaba yaha huA ki chaTThIse bArahavIM zreNI takake manuSya asatya yA atathya bhASaNa to karate haiM, parantu isase unakA satya mahAvrata bhaMga nahIM hotA / isase yaha bAta spaSTa hotI hai ki jainazAstroMke anusAra atadhya hokarake bhI satya hotA hai aura tathyapUrNa hokarake bhI asatya hotA hai | satyAsatyakA nirNaya arthako dekhakara nahIM, kintu kalyANa ko dekhakara kiyA jAnA cAhiye / jainazAstroM meM aisA hI kathana hai / kucha yUropiyana graMthakAra satyakI isa vyAkhyApara AkSepa karate haiM parantu yUropiyana nItizAstrajJoM meM aise bahutase haiM jo uparyukta vyAkhyAkA samarthana karate haiM / leslI sTIphanakA kahanA hai- . " kisI kAryako pariNAmakI ora dhyAna dene ke bAda hI usakI nItimattA nizcita kI jAnI cAhiye / yadi merA yaha vizvAsa ho ki jhUTa bolane hI se kalyANa hogA to maiM satya bolane ke liye kabhI taiyAra nahIM rahUMgA / mere isa vizvAsa meM yaha bhAva bhI ho sakatA hai ki isa samaya jhUTha bolanA hI merA kartavya hai"| nItizAstra ke granthalekhaka-bena, vevela. Adi anya aMgreja paMDitoM kA aisA hI mata hai| tathya ko asatya aura atathya ko satya siddha kara dene para bhI satyAsatyakI samasyA hala nahIM ho sakatI, vyavahAra meM isase bahuta ar3acane A sakatI haiN| loga manamAnA jhUTha boleMge, phira bhI kaheMge ki

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56 / [ jainadharma-mImAMsA hama satyavAdI haiM, hamane bhalAI ke liye yA AtmarakSA ke liye jhUTha bolA, isaliye vaha jhUTha bhI satya hai / isa ucchRkhalatA ko rokane ke liye yaha kaha denA Avazyaka hai ki svArthasiddhi kA nAma kalyANa yA AtmarakSA nahIM hai, isake liye adhikatama prANiyoM kA sArvatrika aura sArvakAlika adhikatama sukha kA vicAra karanA cAhiye / saSTIkaraNa ke liye isa viSaya meM bhI yahAM kucha sUcanAe~ karanA Avazyaka mAlUma hotA hai / nimnalikhita sAta sUcanAe~ vizeSa upayogI mAlUma hotI haiM: 1-nyAya kI rakSA ke liye atathya bhASaNa karanA cAhiye, kevala svArtharakSA ke liye nhiiN| jaise-- eka mahilA ke pIche guMDe par3e hue haiM aura tumase usakA patA pUchate haiM ki vaha kyA isa dizA meM gaI hai ! tuma agara cupa raha jAte ho yA 'nahIM mAlama' kahate ho to ve ' maunaM sammatilakSaNam' kI nIti ke anusAra samajhalete haiM ki vaha isI tarapha gaI hai / agara tuma virodha karate ho to tumheM golI kA nizAnA banAte haiM aura isa bAtakA dRr3ha nizcaya karate haiM ki vaha isI dizA meM gaI hai / aisI hAlata meM agara tuma jhUTha bola kara unako ulTe rAste lagA dete ho to usakI rakSA ho jAtI hai / isa prakAra usa mahilA para atyAcAra nahIM ho pAtA / aisI paristhiti meM asatya bolanA ThIka hai| zaMkA- kalpanA karo ki DAkuoM ne hamAre Upara AkramaNa kiyA usa samaya hama satya bolakara luTa jaM.ya yA apane dhanakI rakSA kreN| samAdhAna-asatya bolakara bhI dhanakI rakSA kara sakate ho| zaMkA--Apane kahA hai ki svArtha ke liye asatya na bolanA

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satya ] 1 57 cAhiye / taba apane dhanakI rakSA ke liye jhUTha bolanA kaise ucita kahA jA sakatA hai ? kyoMki yahAM to svArtha ke liye jhUTha bolA gayA hai| samAdhAna-DA~kuoM se dhanakI rakSA karanA svArtha kI hI rakSA nahIM hai kintu nyAya kI bhI rakSA hai, DAMkuoM ke dvArA jo kukRtya ho rahA hai vaha anyAya hai / usakA virodha karane ke liye hama jhUTha bolate haiM, usake sAtha svArtharakSA ho gaI yaha dUsarI bAta hai, parantu usakA asalI lakSya nyAyarakSA hai, imaliye usake liye vaha jhUTha bola sakatA hai| zaMkA-eka AdamI para khUna kA mukadamA cala rahA hai / yadi hama jhUThI gavAhI de deM to vaha baca sakatA hai| aisI hAlata meM hama jhUThI gavAhI deM yA na deM / jhUThI gavAhI dene se usakA kalyANa hai aura saccI gavAhI dene se vaha mArA jAyagA aura jisa AdamI kA gvana huA hai vaha to kucha vApisa A nahIM sktaa| samAdhAna-vaha AdamI to vApisa na AjAyagA kintu khunI ko milanevAlI phA~sI hajAroM khaniyoM ke hausale ThaMDe kiye rahegI / bhaviSya ke ina khUniyoM ko khUna ke pApa se bacAye rakhane ke liye usako phA~sI milanA ucita hai / isaliye aisI hI gavAhI denA cAhiye jisase usakA aparAdha sAbita ho / hAM, agara usakA kRtya anyAya ko rokane ke liye huA hai to hama jhUThI gavAhI bhI de sakate haiN| jaise-- mAnalo kucha rAhagIra vyApAriyoM para DAkuoM ne AkramaNa kiyA / rAhagIroM meM se eka ne pistaula calAkara eka DaoNkU ko mAra DAlA / isaliye DaoNkU golI calAnevAle pathika ko DhU~Dhate

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58 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA haiM-unakA vicAra hai ki golI calAnevAle ko hama mAra DAleMge aura bAkI pathikoM kA dhana lUTakara unheM jAne deMge aisI avasthA meM DA~kuoM ke sAtha jhUTha bolakara usa pathika kI rakSA karanA ucita hai / matalaba yaha ki anyAya ke pratikAra ke liye agara kisI ne khUna kiyA ho to jhUTha bolakara bhI usakI rakSA karanA cAhiye / jainazAstroM meM isa prakAra nyAyarakSA ke liye jhUTha bolane ke bahuta se udAharaNa milate haiM / jhUTha bolakara ke hI viSNukumAra muni ne sAta sau muniyoM kI rakSA kI thI / bharata ke Upara AkramaNa karanevAle ativArya rAjA ko dhokhA dekara kaida karane ke liye rAma lakSmaNa ne naTaveSa banAkara umakI vaMcanA kI thI / lakSmaNa ne to naTIkA veSa banAyA thA / bhaTTAkalaMka ne bauddha vidyAlaya meM apane jainatva ko chupAye rakhane ke liye jhUTha bolA thaa| isa prakAra ke bahuta se udAharaNa jainazAstroM meM mila skeNge| ye kathAe~ kalpita hone para bhI kathAkAra jainAcAryoM ke vicAroM kA pradarzana acchI taraha karatI haiN| 2-rogI, pAgala Adi ke sAtha unhIM ke hita ke liye jhUTha bolanA anucita nahIM hai / parantu jhUTha bolane se rogI Adi ko lAbha hai, isa bAta kA pakkA nizcaya kara lenA caahiye| isa para upekSA karanA yA svArthavaza jhUTa bola jAnA pUrNa asatya hai| rogI kA jIvana saMzayApana hai / agara usase yaha kaha diyA jAya ki tumhArA bacanA asaMbhava hai to rogI aura bhI jaldI ghabarAkara mara jAyagA-aisI hAlata meM usase jhUTha bolanA cAhiye / parantu yaha rogI hai isaliye jhUTha bolane meM kucha harja nahIM' sirpha itanA

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satya ] [ 59 vicAra karake jhUTha bola jAnA ghora pramAda hai kyoMki isase adhika - tara akalyANa hone kI sambhAvanA hai / agara rogI aisA ho jisa para samAja kA yA kuTumba kA bhAra ho, marane ke pahile vaha kucha gupta rahasya prakaTa karanA cAhatA ho, yA kuTumba kI Arthika Adi vyavasthA kara jAnA cAhatA ho to aisI hAlata meM bhI usako mithyA bolakara bhrama meM DAle rahanA usakA aura samAjakA ghora aparAdha karanA 1 | athavA yaha sambhava hai ki roga kI asalI avasthA mAlUma ho jAne se vaha dUsarA upAya nikAlanA cAhatA ho jisameM vaha saphala ho sake / aisI avasthA meM asalI hAlata chupAye rakhanA anucita hai / isa asatya kA bhuktabhogI to maiM hI hU~ / merI patnI ko asthikSaya thA parantu pramAdI aura ajJAnI DaoNkTaroM ne mujha se jarA bhI jikara na kiyA aura bAra bAra oNparezana karake kaMdhe ke nIce kI haDDI kATate rahe / mujhe rogajagat kA anubhava to nahIM thA kintu kucha ghaTanAoM ke sunane se mujhe yaha acchI taraha mAlUma thA ki asthikSaya oNparezanoM se kabhI nahIM jAtA / agara mujhe pahile hI roga kA paricaya karA diyA hotA to maiM kabhI oNparezana na karavAtA / parantu bar3I muzkila se yaha bAta mujhe eka sAla bAda mAlUma huI / lekina usa samaya taka zikArI DaoNkTaroM ne rogI kA kaI bAra zikAra kara liyA thA, phira bhI maiMne himmata na hArI aura DaoNkTarI jagat ko lambAsA praNAma karake jalacikitsA kA adhyayana kiyA aura usase rogI ko isa hAlata meM le AyA jisameM koI DaoNkTara na lA sakatA / mere eka cikitsaka aura anubhavI DaoNkTara ne merI patnI ko dekhakara ha~sate ha~sate kahA ki aba tuma bhI DaoNkTara ho gaye ho / phira bhI oNparezana ne ja

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60 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA kSati pahu~cA dI thI usakI pUrti na ho pAI / isa prakAra DaoNkTara kI eka choTIsI jhUTha ne jIvana kI AdhI zakti barbAda kara dI / isaliye maiM kahatA hUM ki rogI se yA rogI ke abhibhAvaka se jhUTha bolane kA niyama bar3I satarkatA se pAlanA cAhiye / saca bolane se yaha rogI kisI dUsare DaoNkTara ke pAsa calA jAyagA, isa abhiprAya se jhUTha bolanA to aura bhI bar3A aparAdha hai| isa abhiprAya se jhUTha bolanevAle loga to kasAI kI kakSA meM cale jAte haiM / matalaba yaha ki rogAMke kalyANakI dRSTise jhUTha bolane kA vicAra karanA cAhiye aura usameM pramAda na karanA cAhiye / jo bAta zarIra ke rogI ke liye kahI gaI hai, vahI bAta AdhyAtmika rogakei viSaya meM bhI samajhanA caahiye| samajhadAra AdamI ko dharma ke guNa avaguNa batA denese vaha dharmako grahaNa karatA hai aura usameM sthira rahatA hai / parantu koI manuSya yA vyakti jaba dharmake isa svAbhAvika satya vivecanase AkarSita nahIM hotA, balki bhar3akAnevAlI mithyA bAtoMse vaha DhoMgiyoM kI tarapha AkarSita hotA hai, taba dharmaguruko bhI mithyAbhASaNa kI z2arUrata par3a jAtI hai / vaha unheM sadAcArI banAne ke liye svarga aura narakake kalpita citra batAtA hai / vizvAsa paidA karane ke liye sarvajJa kI kalpanA karatA hai, pUrva janmakI kalpita kathAe~ sunAtA hai, manake Upara asara DAlakara pUrva janmakA smaraNa karAtA hai / isa prakAra dharmapracAra ke liye vaha mithyAbhASaNa karatA hai / parantu isa mithyAbhASaNa se logoM kA kalyANa hI hotA hai, isaliye isa mithyAbhASaNa se satyatrata meM koI dhakkA nahIM lagatA / isakA eka sudara udAharaNa NAyadhammakA meM

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[ 61 satya ] milatA hai / usakA saMkSiptasAra yahA~ diyA jAtA hai rAjA zreNika kA putra meghakumAra joza meM Akara mahAtmA mahAvIra ke pAsa dIkSita ho gayA / sAdhu to ho gayA parantu rAjaku mArapana kI gaMdha na gaI / vaha cAhatA thA ki sAdhu ho jAnepara bhI rAjA - sAdhu kahalAU~ aura dUsare sAdhu merA Adara kreN| parantu mahAtmA mahAvIra ke saMgha meM zrImAnoM aura g2arIboM meM bheda na thA / isaliye meghakumAra kI icchA pUrI na huI; balki nayA sAdhu honese usakI baiThaka sabake aMta meM thI isaliye Ate jAte samaya sAdhuoM ke pairoMkI dhUli usake Upara par3atI, isase use kaSTa to hotA thA so ThIka haiM kintu usakA hRdaya apamAna kA anubhava karatA thA / vaha mahAtnA mahAvIra ke pAsa AyA / mahAtmAjI ne saba bAteM zIghra samajha lIM aura meghakumAra se kahA T " kumAra ! tuma bhUla gaye ho parantu mujhe saba bAteM yAda haiM. Aja se tIsare bhava meM tuma gaMgAtaTa ke jaMgala meM hAthI the / dAvAnala se marakara tuma phira hAthI hue / phira Aga lagI, parantu isa bAra tuma bace, taba tumane apane jhuMDa ko lekara vRkSa ukhAr3akara eka maidAna banAyA jisase jaba Aga lage taba tuma usameM jAkara rakSA kara sako / eka bAra phira Aga lagI parantu tumhAre pahuMcane ke pahile vaha maidAna anya jAnavaroM se bhara gayA thA / bar3I muzkila se tumheM khar3e hone ko jagaha milI / parantu thor3I dera bAda aGga khujAne ke liye tumane paira uThAyA hI thA ki usa jagaha para eka kharagoza A baiThA, tumane socA ki agara maiM paira rakhU~gA to becArA kharagoza mara jAyagA isaliye tuma DhAI dina taka tIna paira se khar3e

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62 / [jainadharma-mImAMsA rahe / jaba Aga bujha gaI, saba jAnavara cale gaye taba tumane bhI calane kI koziza kI / parantu aGga akar3a jAne se gira par3e * aura kucha dina samabhAva kaSTa sahakara zreNika putra meghakumAra ho gaye / eka pazu ke bhava meM tumameM itanI dayA, sahanazakti aura viveka thA, parantu yaha kitane Azcarya kI bAta hai ki manuSyabhava prApta karake itanI acchI satsaMgati meM rahakara bhI tumameM Aja rAjamada aura asahiSNutA hai / " ma0 mahAvIra ko meghakumAra ke purAne bhava yAda Aye ki nahIM - yaha to ve hI jAneM, parantu isameM sandeha nahIM ki meghakumAra kA uddhAra ho gayA / usakA rAjamada AMsU banakara vaha gayA / vaha pavitra manuSya bana gayA / isa prakAra adhyabhASaNa se satyavrata bhaMga to kyA dUSita bhI nahIM hotA / mahAtmA IsA ke ziSya 'pAla' kahate haiM "yadi mere asatyabhASaNa se prabhu ke satya kI mahimA aura bar3hatI hai to isase maiM pApI kaise ho sakatA hUM ?" parantu jaise maiMne zArIrika rogI ke viSaya meM kahA hai ki isa niyama kA upayoga bar3I satarkatA se karanA cAhiye, usI prakAra maiM yahAM bhI kahatA hUM ki dhArmika mAmaloM meM bhI isa prakAra ke asatya kA prayoga bahuta satarkatA se karanA cAhiye / agara isa se jijJAsu lAbha uThA sake, usakA kalyANa ho to ThIka hai, nahIM to isakA prayoga khatare se khAlI nahIM hai / udAharaNArtha- hajAra do hajAra varSa pahile loga jaisI kalpanAoM para vizvAsa kara lete the una kalpanAoM para Aja agara vaijJAnika satya kA rUpa diyA jAya,

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matya ] unako aitihAsika satya samajhA jAya to isakA phala yaha hogA ki anAja ke sAtha dhuna bhI pisa jAyagA / eka ke pIche sabhI bAteM asalya mAnI jAyagI / isase hama kalyANa ke sthAna meM akalyANa kreNge| agara kalyANa akalyANa para dRSTi na rakhakara ahaMkAravaza apane mata kI-asatya hone para bhI puSTi karate jAyeMge aura satya ke Age sira na jhukAyeMge to pUrNa asatyavAdI ho jAyeMge / eka bAta aura hai ki isa niyama ke anusAra para-kalyANa ke liye hI asatya bolanA cAhiye, na ki apane sampradAya yA apane mata-vicAra kI vijaya vaijayantI ur3Ane ke liye / apane sampradAya meM jo apanApana hotA hai vaha ahaMkAra hai, svArtha hai / usake liye asatya bolanA vAstava meM asatya bolanA hai / jaise-digambara zvetAmbara Apasa meM lar3ate haiM, inameM se digambara yA zvetAmbara apane ko prAcIna siddha karane ke liye yA kisI tIrtha ko apanA siddha karane ke liye manamAnA jhUTha bolakara atathyasatya kI duhAI dekara kaheM ki 'hamane yaha jhUTha dharma ke liye bolA hai isalipe kSantavya hai' to yaha bahAnA ThIka nahIM / isa prakAra jhUTha bolanevAlA utanA hI jhUThA aura beImAna hai jitanA ki duniyAdArI meM jhUTha bolanevAlA ho sakatA hai, kyoMki aisA karanA asaMyama se saMyama meM lejAnA nahIM hai kintu dUsare ke naitika adhikAroM kA har3apanA hai / isI prakAra eka AdamI vyabhicArajAta yA dassA hai aura muni bana gayA hai parantu kahatA phiratA hai ki vyabhicArajAta yA dassA ko muni banane kA adhikAra nahIM hai, jaba usase koI pUchatA hai, tuma bhI aise ho to kahatA hai ki maiM aisA nahIM hU~', isa prakAra jhUTha bolakara vaha yaha soce ki

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64 ] ( jainadharma-mImAMsA maiMne dharmarakSA ke liye yaha jhUTha bolA hai to usakA yaha samajhanA bhArI bhrama hai, kyoMki aisA karake vaha dharma ke svarUpa para vAstavika vicAra karane kI sAmagrI chInatA hai| kahane kA matalaba yaha hai ki asaMyama se saMyama meM le jAne ke liye yA saMyama meM sthira rakhane ke liye, dUsare ke naitika adhikAroM para AkramaNa kiye binA nisvArtha bhAva se jhUTha bolanA kSantavya hai / anyathA dharma ke nAma para bhI vaha pUrI beImAnI hai| 3- apanA koI rahasya chupAnA nyAyasaMgata ho to use chupAne ke liye jhUTha bolanA anucita nahIM hai| pahile to yathAzakti mauna rakkhe / yadi kucha bolanA hI Avazyaka ho to yaha kaha de ki 'maiM nahIM kahanA caahtaa| yadi itanA spaSTa uttara dene kI paristhiti na ho to kahade ki 'mujhe nahIM mAlUma' / parantu kucha kahanese hI agara rahasyabhaMga hone kI sambhAvanA ho to jhUTha bola de / jaise bahuta dina pahile ekabAra mujhase eka paNDitajIne pUchA ki-'Apa sarvajJa mAnate haiM ki nahIM ? maiMne haMsakara kahA ki isa viSaya meM kucha na pUchiye / unane kahA--saba samajha gayA aba pUchane kI z2arUrata nahIM hai / mujhe apane manobhAva chipAne kI usa samaya bhI z2arUrata nahIM thI isaliye bAta pragaTa honepara bhI cintA na huI parantu jIvanameM aise avasara Ate haiM ki jhijhaka ke sAtha uttara denese hI asalI bAta pragaTa ho jAtI hai| jaise samAcAra-patroMke saMvAdadAtA cehare parase rAjanaitika netAoMke manobhAva samajhA karate haiM / aba agara koI rAjanItikI kisI gupta maMtraNAmeM zAmila ho aura usase zarta karAlI jAya ki

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satya ] [65 usake dvArA yaha maMtrANA pragaTa na kI jAyagI to use chupAne ke liye agara use jhUTha bolanA par3e to anucita nahIM hai| parantu isa bAtakA khayAla rahe ki rahasya chupAnA nyAyasaMgata ho / nyAyasaMgatatA na honese vaha pUrNa asatyakI kakSAmeM A jAyagA / eka vidyArthI Akara pachatA hai ki kyA Apane amuka prazna nikAlA hai ! maiM jAnatA hU~ ki nikAlA hai parantu agara uttara denemeM z2arA bhI zikSakatA hU~ to vidyArthI samajha jAtA hai, isa taraha parIkSAkA uddeza hI mArA jAtA hai tathA meM bhI vizvAsaghAtI parIkSaka ThaharatA huuN| isaliye usa samaya dRr3hatAke sAtha jhUTha bolanA merA kartavya hojAtA hai kyoMki isa jagaha rahasya chupAnA nyAyasaMgata hai| isI prakAra eka AdamIne koI AviSkAra kiyA hai jisase vaha AjIvikA karegA, parantu pUchane para agara vaha apanA rahasya pragaTa karade to usakI nyAyasaMgata AjIvikA hI mArI jAya, isaliye use apanA rahasya chupAne kA adhikAra hai, bhale hI use isake liye mithyA bolanA pdd'e| prazna- spaSTa zabdoM meM isa prakAra jhUTha bolanakA bhI vidhAna kyoM kiyA jAtA hai ? vaha cupa rahe, hU~ hU~ karake rahajAya yA aura kisI tarahase TAlaTUla karade to ThIka hai / asatya bhASaNa se to bacanA hI caahiye| ucara-- spaSTa bolane meM aura aspaSTa bolane meM thor3A antara avazya hai, phira bhI asatyabhASaNa donoM haiM / kyoMki jo manuSya hU~ hU~ karake TAla detA hai usakA bhI abhiprAya to yahI hai ki pUchane vAlese asalI bAta chupI rahe / isaliye vaha jo kucha bolA hai,

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66 ) [ jainadharma-mImAMsA dhokhA deneke bhAvase hI bolA hai isaliye hU~-hU~ karanA bhI asatya bhASaNa hai / vazcanAke abhiprAyase mauna rakhanA bhI asatya bhASaNa hai / hA~, abhiprAya donoMmeM eka sarIkhA hone para bhI bAhya dRSTisa usameM. antara hai. isaliye hosake to mauna rakhakara yA hU~-hU~ karake kAma calAnA cAhiye parantu isase kAma na cale te. nyAyasaMgata rahasyakI rakSAke liye asatyabhASaNa karanA bhI anucita nahIM hai| .. : agara rahasya nyAyasaMgata na ho to chupAne ke liye jhUTa bolanA anucita hai / jaise taka muniveSI durAcArI haiM, vaha apane durAcArako chupAtA hai yA usake bhakta durAcArako chupAte haiM, to yaha pUrA asatya hai, kyoMki durAcAra nyAyasaMgata nahIM hai| aise samAcAra kaba kitane kaise chupAnA cAhiye, isa viSaya kA vistRta aura spaSTa vivecana samyagdarzana ke prakaraNa meM upagRhana yA upavRMhaNakA kathana karate hue kiyA gayA hai vahA~ se samajha lenA cAhiye / isI prakAra jo dukAnadAra grAhakako kucha kA kucha mAla dete haiM, ve agara ise audyogika asatya kahakara asatya ke pApase bacanA cAheM to nahIM baca sakate, kyoMki unakA yaha rahasya nyAyasaMgata nahIM hai / isI prakAra jo strI yA puruSa apane durAcAra ko chupAta haiM , ve AtmarakSA ke nAmapara asatyake pApase bacanA cAheM to nahIM baca sakate kyoMki samAjake sAtha unane yaha pratijJA karalI hai ki hama amuka jAtikA durAcAra na kareMge / aba agara ve durAcAra karate haiM aura AtmarakSA ke nAmapara use chupAte haiM to ve ghora asatyavAdI haiM, kyoMki unakA isa prakAra pApa chupAnA nyAyasaMgata nahIM hai / hA~, jo durAcAra nahIM hai parantu samAjane use durAcAra kaha diyA ho to

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satya ] hameM spaSTa ghoSaNa karanA cAhiye ki hama ise durAcAra nahIM mAnate / aisA asatya kadAcit virodhI asatya kI zreNImeM bhI jA sakatA hai, parantu inakI kasauTI nyAyasaMgatatA hai usapara dhyAna pUrA rakhanA caahiye| 4-- anyAya yA anucita pratijJA tor3anA asatya nahIM hai / ajJAnavaza yA bhramavaza manuSya anucita pratijJAe~ kara jAtA hai| una pratijJAoMko pUrA kiyA jAya to anartha yA anyAya hotA hai, isaliye una pratijJAAko pratijJA hI na mAnanA cAhiye / kAnUna bhI isa prakAra kA vicAra karatA hai, vaha aneka pratijJAoMko anucita ThaharA detA hai| mAna lIjiye kisI AdamIne yaha pratijJA kI ki agara merA putra svastha ho jAyagA to maiM devIke Age vakaMgakA vadha kruuNgaa| parantu kisI AdamI ne use samajhAyA ki 'devI to jaganmAtA hai isaliye vaha bakaroMkI bhI mAtA hai / jaba koI apanI mautase mara jAtA hai taba mAtApitA usako jalAne bhI nahIM jAte, phira mAtA apane bacceko kaise maravA sakatI hai ? kaise usake khunamAptakA bhogakara sakatI hai ?' isa prakAra samajhAnese vaha samajha gayA ki pazubali karanA ghora pApa hai / aisI avasthA meM vaha pahile kI huI pratijJAko tor3ade to isameM asatya-bhASaNakA pApa nahIM lagegA kyoMki usakI pahilI pratijJA anyAyya aura anucita thii| arjuna ke viSaya meM kahA jAtA hai ki usane pratijJA kI thI ki jo mujhase kahegA ki tU apanA gAMDIva dhanuSa chor3a de, meM usakA sira kATha lUMgA / isake bAda jaba yudhiSThira karNase parAjita

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68 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA hue taba unane arjuna se kahA- 'terA gAMDIva hamAre kisa kAmakA ? tU ise chor3a de ' / basa, arjuna tA talavAra uThAkara yudhiSThira kA sira kATane ko taiyAra ho gayA ! zrIkRSNa vahIM khar3e the unane arjuna se. kahA- tU mUrkha hai, tujhe abhI taka dharma kA marma nahIM mAlUma huA / tujhe abhI samajhadAroMse kucha sIkhanA cAhiye / yadi I tU pratijJAkI rakSA karanA hI cAhatA hai to tU yudhiSThirakI nirbhatsanA kara, kyoMki sabhyajanoM ko nirbhartsanA mRtyu ke samAna hai / zrIkRSNane arjunase isa prakAra pratijJA bhaMga karAke dharmakI rakSA kI / itanA hI nahIM, mahAbhAratakA itihAsa hI badala diyA / isa anucita pratijJAko tur3avAkara zrIkRSNane acchA hI kiyA, isakeliye unakI yukti bhI usa mauke ke liye ThIka hI hai, parantu isase bhI acchI yukti yaha mAlUma hotI hai ki arjuna se yaha kahA jAtA ki 'mUrkha, terI yaha pratijJA hI pApa hai, tujhase koI kucha bhI kahe, parantu use mAraDAlane kA tujhe kyA haka hai ? agara tU samajhatA hai to aparAdha isa prakAra bolane kA use daNDa dene kA apane ko adhikArI ke anukUla hI daNDa denA cAhiye, parantu aparAdha itanA bar3A nahIM hai ki kisI ko mRtyudaMDa diyA jAya / ' yahAM to yudhiSThira the jina ke liye bhartsanA bhI mRtyu ke samAna thI parantu yadi koI sAdhAraNa manuSya hotA to kyA usa kA vadha karanA ucita kahalAtA ? saca pUchA jAya to yahAM para arjunane yudhiSThirakI bhartsanA karake bhI anucita kiyA, kyoMki yudhiSThira ne jo kucha kahA use kahane kA bar3e bhAI ke nAte unheM haqa thA; parantu arjuna ko bar3e bhAI kA apamAna karane kA haqa na thA / balki usane aisI

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satya ] [ 69 anucita pratijJA karake kevala yudhiSThira kA nahIM, kintu manuSyamAtra kA aparAdha kiyA thA / isI prakAra Aja koI kisI midhyAtvIke cakkara meM par3akara yaha pratijJA karale ki maiM amuka vargako achUta samajhaMgA, harijanoM kA sparza na karU~gA, pIche use apanI bhUla mAlUma ho ki manuSya avasthA meM ko pazuoM se bhI nIca samajhanA ghora pApa hai, mithyAtvI ke dvArA dI huI isa pApamaya pratijJAka / satya kI rakSA karanA hai / kara denA hI aisI naSTa eka AdamIne janeU pahirane kI pratijJA yaha samajhakara lI hai ki jisase maiM zUdra na kahalAU~ / pIche use mAlUma huA ki zUdrako, hamAre samAna sadAcArI honepara bhI agara janeU pahirane kA haka nahIM hai to janeU pahiranA pApa hai kyoMki isase manuSya manuSyakA apamAna karatA hai, ahaMkAra kI pUjA karatA hai / aisI avasthA meM janeU kI pratijJA ko aura janeU ko tor3a DAlanA hI satya kI rakSA rakhanA hai / isa prakAra aura bhI aneka udAharaNa diye jA sakate haiM / karAdI gaIM pratijJAe~ isI zreNI meM nAsamajhI meM kI gaI yA bhI zAmila haiM / jaise kisI abodha bAlikA vivAha kara diyA gayA, vivAha ke samaya saptapadI usase par3hA dI kA kisI ke sAtha ki jisa ke sAtha dAmpatya jIvana nibha gaI; parantu hoza samhAlane para vaha dekhatI haiM vivAha huA hai vaha vRddha hai, usake sAtha merA nahIM sakatA, taba vaha usa sambandhako tor3a pratijJAbhaMga kA doSa nahIM laga sakatA / isI niyama ke anusAra DAle to isa meM use

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70 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA bAlavidhavA bhI vAstava meM vidhavA nahIM kahI jA sakatI, kyoMki usakI pratijJAe~ nAjAyaz2a haiM / .. . jisa bAta ko mAnakara pratijJA kI gaI hai, vaha agara bhramarUpa nikale to bhI pratijJAko tor3anA pApa nahIM hai / jaise koI vidyArthI parIkSA meM prathama AyA isaliye maiMne usase kahA ki maiM tujhe amuka pAritoSika dU~gA / parantu pIche yaha siddha huA ki usane corI kI thI isaliye prathama AgayA hai, aisI hAlata meM agara maiM use pAritoSika na dUM to pratijJAbhaMga kA doSa na lgegaa| zaMkA-- isa prakAra agara Apa pratijJAoM ke tor3ane kA vidhAna banA deMge to duniyA meM pratijJA kA kucha mUlya na rahegA, kyAki koI na koI bahAnA haraeka ko mila hI jAyagA / kala koI strI patise kahegI ki tumheM bhalA AdamI samajhakara maiM tumhAre sAtha zAdI kI thI, parantu tuma bhale AdamI nahIM ho isaliye maiM sambandha tohatI hUM / kala koI kisI se mahIne bhara kAma karAyagA aura aMta meM kucha bhI pArizramika na dekara kahegA ki tumako sadAcArI samajha kara maiMne kAma karAyA thA, parantu tuma to sadAcArI yA yogya nahIM ho isa. liye maiM kucha nahIM detA / isa prakAra jagata meM aMdhera ho jAyagA / . . samAdhAna--- isa niyama meM manacAhA bahAnA nikAla kara pratijJA tor3ane kI AjJA nahIM hai, kintu pratijJA ke pAlana se jagakalyANa meM bAdhA pahuMcatI ho taba pratijJA tor3anA cAhiye / pratijJA yadi anyAyya yA anucita na ho to use tor3anA vizvAsaghAta karanA hai| Uparake udAharaNameM agara strIne yaha zarta karAlI ho ki 'jabataka tuma bhale AdamI rahoge, tabhItaka merA tumhArA sambandha rahegA aura tumhArI

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satya] . [71 bhalamAnasAhata kA nirNaya bhI maiM hI karU~gI' to isa bahAnese vaha saMbaMdha tor3a sakatI hai / jisa AdamI ne mahIne bhara kAma karAyA hai use sadAcAra kA bahAnA nikAlakara pArizramika rokane kA haka nahIM hai kyoMki pArizramika parizrama kA diyA jAtA hai na ki AcAra kA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki aise mAmaloM meM mAtrA kA vicAra karanA cAhiye / jitane aMza kI kamI ho utane hI aMza meM hameM apanI pratimA ko bhaMga karanA cAhiye / 'kakarI ke cAra ko kaTAra mAriye nahIM' kI kahAvata yahA~ bhI caricArtha hotI hai / durupayoga karanevAle to haraeka niyama kA darupayoga karate haiM, parantu niyama ke Azaya para vicAra karake niHpakSatA se usakA pAlana kiyA jAya aura karAyA jAya to durupayoga kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai| 5-zabda kA artha karate samaya usake Azaya para dhyAna denA cAhiye / Azaya ko hI vAstavika artha samajhanA cAhiye / Azaya ko gauNa karake pratijJA se bacanA yA dUsare para asatyatA kA Aropa karanA ThIka nhiiN| yaha kArya bhI bahuta kaThina hai parantu isake binA chuTakArA bhI nahIM hai / satya aura asatya kucha zabdoM kA dharma nahIM, AtmA kA dharma hai, isaliye bhAvoM ke Upara hI avalambita hai| vyavahAra meM bhI hameM abhiprAya ke anusAra arthanirNaya karanA par3atA hai / zAstrakAroM ne bhI kucha bheda-prabhedoM ke sAtha isa viSaya kA vivecana kiyA hai / gommaTasAra jIvakAMDa meM dasa prakAra ke satya vacanoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| janapada, sammati, sthApanA, nAma, rUpa, pratItya,

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72 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA vyavahAra, saMbhAvanA, bhAva aura upamA / / janapada-aise aneka zabda haiM jinakA eka bhASA meM yA eka deza meM eka artha hotA hai aura dUsare meM dUsarAH / jaise dasta kA artha hiMdI meM 'viSThA' aura urdU meM 'hAtha' hai / pAda kA artha hindI meM 'apAnavAyu' aura saMskRta meM 'paira hai| aise prayoga honepara artha kA nirNaya dezake anusAra karanA cAhiye / jisa dezameM hama bola rahe hoM, vahA~para usakA jo artha hotA ho vahI mAnanA cAhiye / athavA bolanevAlA jisa bhASA meM bola rahA ho, usIke anusAra artha samajhanA cAhiye / tathA bolanevAlakI yogyatA AdikA vicAra karake bhI artha karanA cAhite / bolanevAlake Azaya ko badalakara use asatyavAdI ThaharAnA ThIka nahIM / judI judI bhASAoM meM ekahI artha ko kahanevAle jude jude zabda hote haiN| hindI meM jise pyAja bolate haiM, marAThI meM use kA~dA kahate haiM / ekabAra dillI ke kucha AdamI mahArASTrameM gaye aura unane eka dukAna se bhajiye kharIdate hue dUkAnadArase pUchA ki isameM pyAja to nahIM hai ? dukAnadAra pyAjakA artha na samajha kara bolA 'nahIM jI ! isa meM pyAja nahIM, kA~dA hai / ' grAhakoMne jaba bhAjaye khAye taba bigar3akara bole ki isa meM to pyAja hai, tumane hameM dharma bhraSTa karadiyA / unakA dharmabhraSTatAse kaise uddhAra huA yaha to nahIM mAlma, parantu isameM saMdeha nahIM ki dukAnadAra satyavAdI thA, vaha deza-satya bolA thaa| sammati- bahutajana Adara Adi bhAvase sahamata hokara jisa zabdakA prayoga kareM usake anasAra bolanA sammati satya hai /

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[73 satya] jaise triyoMko devI aura puruSoMko deva kahanA / Adara honepara aise zabdoMkA * prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / jaise devoMne mahAvIra nirvANa kA kalyANaka kiyA / yahA~ deva zabdakA artha zreSTha manuSya karanA cAhiye / manuSyoMmeM deva devI zabdakA prayoga karanevAle ko koI midhyAvAdI kahe to yaha ThIka nhiiN| sthApanA- marzi Adi meM kisI kI sthApanA karake hama marti ko bhI usI nAmase kahane lge| jaise kuNDala pura jAkara maiMne mahAvIra bhagavAn kI vandanA kI / vAkyameM mahAvIra kA artha mahAvIrapratimA hai, isaliye isa prakAra bolanevAlA asatyavAdI nahIM kahalA sakatA / yaha sthApanA satya hai| nAma--artha kA arthAta guNAguNa kA vicAra na karake vyakti ko alaga pahicAnane ke liye jo saMjJA rakkhI jAtI hai usake anusAra bolanA nAmasatya hai / jaise yaha devadatta hai, aisA kahane para koI kahe ki tuma jhUTha kyoM bolate ho ? kyA yaha deva-datta hai ? kyA ise devane diyA hai ? yaha Aropa vyartha hai, kyoMki yaha nAma satya hai| rUpa-rUpAdiguNa kI apekSA kisI kA varNana karanA rUpa satya hai / jaise amuka manuSya bahuta sundara hai / isa para koI kahe ki hADamAMsa kA deha kaise sundara ho sakatA hai ? to yaha ThIka nahIM, yahAM sirpha rUpa kA vicAra hai / isI prakAra rasa gaMdhasparza para bhI vicAra karanA cAhiye / rUpa to yahAM guNa kA upalakSaNa hai| __ athavA bahubhAga kI apekSA kucha varNana kiyA jAya to vaha * deva devairapinAtaM vijJApya ayatAmedam / kSatra caDAmaNi ! zoka na muzcati manAgami deva devI // candraprabhacArata

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74 ] | jaina-dharma-mImAMsA bhI rUpa satya hai / jaise amuka manuSya bahuta gaura hai / bAla Adi kAle hone para bhI bahubhAga kI apekSA gaura kahA gayA / pratatyi - ApekSika kathana ko pratItya satya kahate haiM / jaise yaha Ama bahuta bar3A hai / yadyapi saikar3oM cIjeM Ama se bar3I haiM parantu yahAM AmakI apekSA se hI usakI laghutA mahattA kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai, na ki samasta padArthoM kI apekSA se vyavahAra - saMkalpa Adi kI apekSA se vyavahAra ke anusAra bolanA vyavahAra satya haiM / jaise dehalI kauna jA rahA hai ? isake uttara meM koI kaha ki maiM jA rahA hUM / yadyapi vaha khar3A huA hai, phira bhI vyavahAra meM aisA bolA jAtA hai, isaliye vyavahAra satya hai / sambhAvanA - asaMbhava artha ko cheDakara usI bhAtrako liye hue sambhava artha ko lenA sambhAvanA satya hai / jaise, yuvaka agara saMgaThita hokara kArya kareM to meru ko hilA deM / yahA~ meru kA hilAnA asaMbhava hai parantu isakA artha yaha hai ki saMgaThita yuvaka manuSyasAdhya saba kucha kAma kara sakate haiM / mahAvIra ne tInoM lokoM kA kSubdha kara diyA / tInoM lokoM kA arthAt samasta vizva ko zubdha karanA manuSya kI zakti ke para haiM, parantu usakA yahI artha hai ki jisa samAja meM mahAvIra krAnti macA rahe the, vaha samAja mahAvIra ke Andolana se kSubdha hogayA / bhAva-bhAva ke anusAra kisI vastu kA varNana karanA, jaise maiM kala usake yahAM avazya jAUMgA / yahAM para isakA artha sirpha yahI hai ki maiM jAne kA prayatna karU~gA, yaha bAta maiM sacce dila se

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satA]. [75 kaha rahA hU~, bAkI honA na honA manuSya ke vaza kI bAta nahIM hai|| do miniTa bAda kyA hogA, yaha kauna kaha sakatA hai ! isI prakAra yaha vastu zuddha hai, yaha vAkya bhI bhAva-zuddhi ke anusAra hai, arthAt merI samajha se zuddha hai| vAstava meM kyA hai, yaha kauna kaha sakatA hai ! ityAdi / / upamA-samAnatA batalAkara kisI aparimita vastukA pariNAma batAnA / jaise palyopamakAla, sAgaropamakAla / do hajAra kosake gaDDhe meM koI choTe choTe roma bhara kara sausau varSa meM nikAlane nahIM baiThatA / parantu asaMkhya varSoM ke samjhAne kA yaha tarIkA hai / asaMkhya aura ananta kI saMkhyA ke prayoga prAyaH isI prakAra kiye jAte haiN| isa prakAra dasa prakAra se zabdoM kA satya artha niNIta kiyA jAtA hai| naye prakaraNa meM bhI isa viSaya meM kucha kahA jAyagA / yaha satya apane apane sthAna para satya haiM / sthAnakA khayAla na kiyA jAya to asatya ho jAyeMge / isaliye prakaraNa Adi ke anusAra AzayakA vicAra karanA cAhiye / ina dasa bhedoM ke samajhane se Azaya ke nikAlane meM kucha subhItA hojAtA hai| zabdoM kI artha-sUcaka zakti sirpha itane meM hI samApta nahIM hojAtI / kabhI kabhI pracalita artha ko chor3akara bilakula judAhI artha liyA jAtA hai, aura kabhI kabhI sunanevAloM ke bhAvoMpara zabdakA artha nizcita rahatA hai / isa prakAra zabdoMke bhayaM tIna prakArake haiN| abhidhA, lakSaNA, vyaJjanA; jisameM abhidhA to sAdhAraNa artha hai, lakSaNA aura vyaJjanA meM vicAra rahatA hai| jahA~

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[jainadharma-miAMsA mukhya artha sambhava na ho vahA~ usameM sambada dUsarA artha lenA' lakSaNA hai| jaise sArA deza zikSita hogayA / yahaoNpara deza zabdakA artha dezavAsI hai / vyaJjanAmeM prakaraNa Adike anusAra icchita artha kiyA jAtA hai / jaise ' sandhyA hogaI' isa vAzyaka artha, sAmAyika karanA cAhiye, namAz2a par3hanA cAhiye, prArthanA karanA cAhiye, bhojana karanA cAhiye, ghara. calanA cAhiye Adi aneka haiN| jaisA prakaraNa, vaisA artha / _____ rUpaka Adi alaMkAramaya bhASAmeM bhI, zabdakA artha * badala ! jAtA hai isaliye sanyAsatyake vicAra kavala sIdhe abhidheya arthakA hI vicAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA kintu yaha dekhanA cAhiye / ki bolanevAle kA abhiprAya kyA hai ! abhiprAyake UparahI satyAsatyakA nirNaya kiyA jAnA cAhiye / abhidheya arthakA tyAga tabhI karanA cAhiye jaba vaha asaMgata mAlUma hotA ho / vaidikayugameM agni kI pUjAko jAtI thI / isa . vAkya meM agnikA AlaMkArika artha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, kyoMki yaha bAta aitihAsika dRSTise asaMgata hai / parantu ' mere hRdaya meM Aga * jala rahI hai isa vAkya meM AgakA bhautika artha. asaMgata hai isaliye satyAsatyake nirNayameM viveka aura ni:pakSatAse usake abhiprAyako jAnane kI koziza karanA cAhiye, sAyahI apane zabdoM kA apane abhiprAyake anusArahI pAlana karanA cAhiye / abhidheya . arthako duhAI dekara abhiprAya kA lopa karanAbhI asatya hai| 6. yadyapi sanyake liye atathya-bhASaNa kSantavya kahA gayA hai phira bhI adhya meM kucha na kucha hAnikArakatA hai

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satyA [77 phira bhI aMtadhya meM kucha na kucha hAnikArakatA haiM bhaviSyameM aisA maukA na Ane isake liye prAyazcittabhI kre| __dharmakA phala sukha hai aura adharmakA phala duHkha hai / atadhyabhASaNase kucha na kucha duHkha paidA hotA hai isaliye usako dUra karane kI z2arUrata hai / atathya kA phala avizvAsa hai / eka DAkUke sAmane AtmarakSA ke liye bhI jhUTha kyoM na bolA jAya kintu isakA phala yaha avazya hogA ki vaha vizvAsa karanA chor3a degA / Aja hama jhUTha bolakara bhale hI AtmarakSA karale parantu jaba vaha vaJcita hogA to bhaviSya meM koI jhUTha bhI bolagA to vaha vizvAsa na karegA, isaliye jhUTha bolakara ke bhI AtmarakSA kaThina ho jAyagI / eka rogI ko jhUThA AzvAsana diyA jA sakatA hai, paraMtu jaba rogI ke sAtha jhUTha bolane kA niyama sA bana jAyagA, taba rogI kA vizvAsa ur3a jAyagA / phira AzvAsana dene para bhI vaha vizvAsa na karegA, kyoMki jaba vaha nIrogI thA tabhI jAnatA thA ki rogI ke sAtha loga jhUTha bolate haiM / isaliye kabhI kabhI sacce AzvAsana para bhI vaha vizvAsa na kregaa| isI prakAra anyaM atathya bhASaNoM ke viSaya meM bhI samajhanA cAhiye / prazna-jaba atadhya-bhASaNa nirarthaka aura duHkhaprada hai taba apavAda ke rUpa meM bhI usakA vidhAna kyoM kiyA gayA ! uttara-bilakula nirarthaka to nahIM kahA jAsakatA, kyoMki bilakula nirarthaka hotA to jhUTha bolane kA kaSTa hI koI kyA uThAtA ! jabataka loga satyabhASaNa karate haiM tabataka usakI oTa

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74 [ jaina-dharma-mImAMsA meM chupakara asatya apanA kAma karatA hai| asatya vacanoM para avizvAsa karane bAloM kI apekSA sandeha meM par3ane vAloM aura vizvAsa karanevAloM kI saMkhyA kaI guNI hai| isaliye nirarthaka to nahIM kahA jA sakatA; hA~.duHkhaprada avazya hai / parantu ApavAdika mithyA bhASaNa, jisakA vidhAna Upara, kiyA gayA hai, jitanA duHkhaprada hai usase bhI adhika sukhaprada hai / isaliye usakA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| dharmaphala kA vicAra karate samaya adhikatama--sukha kA hI vicAra kiyA gayA hai| prazna-jaba apadhAdika mithyAbhaSANa kartavya hI hai laba prAyazcita kI kyA z2arUrata ! uttara-isake liye anya kisI prAyazcitta kI jarUrata nahIM hai, sirpha AlocanA kI jarUrata hai / yaha bhI eka prAyazcitta hai / arthAt maiM amuka kAraNa se atathya bolA, isa prakAra prakaTa karane kI z2arUrata hai| isakA phala yaha hogA ki loga mithyAvAdI na samajheMge / maiM dUsare ke hita ke liye jhUTha bolA yA apane liye jhUTha bolA, loga isa para vicAra na karake apane ko mithyAvAdI samajhane lagate haiN| isase aisI jagaha bhI ve apanA vizvAsa na kareMge, jahA~ ApavAdika mithyAkA prakaraNa nahIM hai| isa avizvAsa ko dUra karane ke liye prAyazcitta, AlocanA, asatyatAko svIkAratA, kI AvazyakatA hai / isase ApavAdika mithyAbhASaNa bhI + sukhAdhika duHkha janakatvaM dharmasAmAnyalakSaNam /

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satya ] [ 79 jahA~ taka hogA kama bolA jAyagA / apavAdoM kA upayoga Apaddharma samajhakara karanA cAhiye / prazna - AlocanA kara dene para atathya bhASaNa ko upayogitAhI naSTa ho jAyagI / mahAtmA mahAvIra amara meghakumAra se kaha dete ki 'mujhe tumhAre pUrvabhavoM kA smaraNa to nahIM AyA thA parantu usa samaya tumheM samajhAne ke liye maiMne pUrvabhava ko bAta kahIyI? to meghakumAra ke Upara jo prabhAva par3A thA, vaha bhI naSTa ho jAtA aura isa taraha vaha asaMyama kI tarapha phira jhuka jAtA; itanAhI nahIM kintu dUsare logoM para bhI isakA burA prabhAva par3atA / uttara - jahA~ AlocanA karane se apavAdika asatya bhASaNa kA uddeza para kalyANa Adi mAnA jAya vahA~ una logoM ke sAmane AlocanA na karanA caahiyeN| agara koI bhI AdamI aisA na ho jisa para rahasya pragaTa kiyA jAya to mAnasika AlocanA hI karanA cAhiye / prAyazcitta kA yaha sArA vidhAna isIliye hai jisase koI apavAdoM kA adhika upayoga na kare, tathA logoM para usakA bur| prabhAva na par3e, ve avizvAsI na ho jAveM / isaliye mUla uddezya kI rakSA karate hue jitanI bana sake, utanI AlocanA karanA cAhiye / prazna- ahiMsA vrata meM bhI Apane bahuta se apavAda batAye the kintu vahA~ para prAyazcitta kA Apane z2ikra nahIM kiyA / isakA kyA kAraNa hai ? uttara - yaha pahile hI kahA jA cukA hai ki hiMsA jIvana ke liye jitanI anivArya hai, utanA asatya nahIM / isaliye ahiMsA

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8.] jina-dharma-mImAMsA ke liye jitanI DhIla dI jA sakatI hai utanI satya ke liye nhiiN| isake atirikta ApavAdika hiMsA ke prAyazcitta kI upayogitA prAyaH kucha nahIM hai jaba ki apavAdika asatya kA prAyazcitta avizvAsa ko dUra karake satya ke uddezya meM sahAyaka hotA hai| isaliye yahA~ para prAyazcitta kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / -satya bacana bhI agara dUsare ko duHkhI karane ke liye bolA jAya athavA zabdoM ko pakar3a meM Ane para bhI dUsare ko dhokh| dene ke liye ADI Ter3hI zabda racanA kI jAya to bahU asatya ho kahalAyagA / aMdhe kA tiraskAra karane ke liye use andhA kahanA, mukha ko mUrkha kahanA bhI, asatya hai| gAlI denA Adi bhI isI asatya meM zAmila haiM, kyoMki isase dUsare ko anucita pIr3A pahu~catI hai / yaha hiMsAtmaka hone se asatya hai / hAM, kabhI kabhI aise vacana virodhI hiMsA meM bhI zAmila hote haiM / jaise koI AdamI apanA anucita tiraskAra karatA ho, usase bacane kA sabase acchA upAya yahI ho ki usakA bhI kaTu zabdoM se satkAra kiyA jAya to yaha virodhI hiMsA ke samAna kSatavya hogaa| hA~, isameM maryAdA kA aura AvazyakatA kA vicAra to karanA hI pdd'egaa| apanA koI ziSya yA putrAdi AlasIho, usako udyogI banAne ke liye kabhI kucha kaThora bolanA par3e to yaha asatya na samajhanA cAhiye; parantu zarta yaha hai ki aise samaya kaSAyakA Aveza na ho, sirpha dUsare ke sudhAra kI bhAvanA ho| sAtha hI maryAdA kA

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satya ] [81 ullaMghana na kiyA jAya, AvazyakatAme adhika prayoga na kiyA jAya / pratikriyA ulTA asara-na hone laMge, isakA bhI vicAra kiyA jAya / matalaba yaha ki dUsare ko duHvI karane kA bhAva jarA bhI na honA cAhiye / phirabhI isameM chaTTe niyamake upayogakI jarUrata hai| chala kapaTame ADITer3I racanA bhI amala hai| jaise mahAbhArata ke samaya yudhiSTira ne 'azvatthAmA hataH narA vA kuMjaro vA' arthAta azvanyAnA mArA gayA parantu kA nahIM sakate ki vaha manuSya thA yA hAyA, kahakara drANAcArya ko dhokhA diyA thA / yudhiSTA ne apane bacAva ke liya * nara vA, kuMjaro vA kaha diyA thA parantu vaha jAnasakara itane dhArase kahA ki jisameM roNAcArya bokha ma jA~ya, huA bhI yahI / parantu isase yudhiSTirakA ratha jamIna para calane lagA joki cAra aMgula U~cA calatA thA / yudhiSThira kA ratha cAra aMgula U~cA calatA thA, isa para vizvAsa karane kA kAma agara maile bhaktoMpara chor3a diyA jAya to bhI isameM saMdeha nahIM ki pratyavAditAne yudhiSThira kA sthAna pRthvI arthAta pRthvI para rahane vAle prANiore arthAt sAdhAraNa samA meM cAra aMzula U~cA thA / parantu droNAcArya kI JcanA karane ke bAda ye pRthvI 9 agAye ani nAdhAraNa logoM kI taraha hA gy| yaha to huI bolanakI bAta / aisI hI likhanekI kuTilatA hAtI hai / asalI bAtako kharAba azagameM likha jAnA, esI jagaha likha jAnA jahA~ pAThakakA dhyAnahI na pahu~ca, athavA Age pIche aisI bAteM likha denA jisame usakA dhyAna dUsarI tarapha calA jAya aura mauke

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82 } | jaina dharma mImAMsA para sApha nikala jAve Adi bhI amatya kI kakSA meM haiM, kyoMki ina saba kriyAoM meM vaJcanAke pariNAma hote hai tathA isakA phala bhI vaJcanA haiM / satyAsatya ke nirNaya ke liye ye thor3IsI sUcanAe~ haiM / saccA saMyama honepara inakA pAlana apane Apa hone lagatA hai aura amaMyamI jIva ina niyamoM ke paMjesa bacakara bhI sambhavata jhUTha bola sakatA hai hA~. niHpakSa hokara ina sUcanAoM kI kasauTI para kasakara apane vyavahArakI jA~ca kI jAya to avazya hI hama satyake bahuta sarmA phuNceNge| yadyapi hama kitanI bhI koziza kareM, hamAre ajJAnase hama dUsaroM ko kaSTa dete rahate haiM / isaliye ahiMmAkI dRSTi se bhI pUrNa satyakA pAlana nahIM ho sakatA / isaliye hama apanA prayatna hI kara sakate haiM / jo isa prayatna meM pUrNa tatpara hai, vahAM pUrNa satyavAdI hai 1 acaurya dUsaMrakI vastuko usakI anumatike binA apanI banAlenA corI hai aura isakA tyAga acaurya hai| corI bhI dukha:prada hone se hiMsA hai tathA satyakA nAzaka honese, yA yoM kahanA cAhiye ki satya kA ghAta kiye binA corI ho nahIM sakatI isaliye, corI bhI asatya hai / vyavahAra meM kisI ko mArane meM hI hiMsA zabdakA vyavahAra hotA hai isaliye spaSTatA ke liye corI ko alaga pApa aura acaurya ko eka svatantra vrata rUpa meM svIkAra karanA par3A hai /

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acaurya [83 ahiMsA aura satya ke viSaya meM kahA thA ki ahiMsA hiMsA aura hiMsA ahiMsA ho jAtI hai ; satya asatpa, aura asatya satya ho jAtA hai, isI prakAra caurya acaurya Ara acaurya caurya ho jAtA hai / bahana se kArya esa hai jo sthUla dRSTi se dekhane para corI mAlUma hote haiM phira bhI ve caurI nahIM hote; aura bahutase kAma aise haiM jo corI nahIM mAlUma hote, phira bhI ve corI hI haiM / isaprakAra ahiMmA aura satya ke mamAna yaha vrata bhI sUkSma hai tathA nirapavAda nahIM haiM / kucha upaniyamoM tathA udAharaNAse yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAyagI / 1-koI vastu agara apanI ho parantu yaha bAna apaneko mAlUma na ho, phirabhI use lelenA corI hai, kyoMki lanevAlene use apanI samajhakara nahIM liyA hai / yaha to Akasmika bAta huI ki vaha apanI nikalI parantu agara vaha do kI hotI to use grahaNa karanameM ise kucha aitarAz2a nahIM thA / isaliye aisA manuSya cora hI hai / yaha apanI hai yA nahIM, isa prakAra ke saMdehameM par3akaramI grahaNa kara lenA * cerI hai / 2-apane kuTumciyose chupakara apanI vastu kA grahaNa karanA corI hai / kuTumbakI sampatti para pratyeka kuTumbIkA nyUnAdhika adhikAra hai / isa yaM jaba hama koI cIna grahaNa karate hai taba anya kuTumbiyoM kA adhikAra haDapa karate haiN| mAnalo ki hame koI rAkanevAlA nahIM, hai yA anumati mAMgane bhara kI dera hai, sUcanA denepara turaMta mila jAyagI, to bhI anumati na lekara kisI cIja kA upayoga __ + svamapi svaM mabha syAdvAna vati dvAparAspadama / yadAtadA'' dIyamAnam batA jAya jAyate / sAgAra dhamAmuna-49

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8. ] [ jaina-dharma-mImAMsA karalenA corI hI hai / anumati lene kA samaya na ho to pIchese sUcanA denA cAhiye, athavA usake chupAne kA bhAva to kadApi na honA cAhiye / kalpanA karo hama bAjArase dasa Ama lAye / gharameM pA~ca AdamI haiM parantu dumaroMne yaha soca kara ki inakA parizrama ucca zreNIkA hai isaliye mujhe do ke badale cAra Ama diye aura maiM khAgayA / yadyapi yahA~ kucha kahane sunane kI AvazyakatA nahIM huI phira bhI sabane maunabhASAmeM yaha kaha diyA ki imane tumhArA hissA tumhArI ye gyatA aura parizramo anusAra cukA diyA hai, aba hamAre Upara RNa na rahA Adi, parantu yadi do Ama cArIse khAtA hU~ aura prakaTa rUpameM utanA hI hissA khAtA hU~ jitanA dUsaroMko milA hai to isakA artha yaha huA ki maiM maunabhASA meM kaha rahA hU~ ki maiMne apanI yogyatAkA adhika bhAga nahIM liyA isaliye vaha RNa tuma logoM para car3hA huA hai / AsamIme rupaye lekara bhI yaha kahanA ki maiMne nahIM liyA, kucha na dekara ke bhI yaha kahanA ki maiMne dAna diyA hai, jaise yaha corI hai, usI prakAra isa Amake dRSTAntameM bhI corI hai| isI prakAra baccoM vagairahase chupAkara khAnA bhI corI hai, kyoMki isa meM kucha na dekara bhI dUsaroMko RNI banAye rahane kI durvAsanA hai| 3-meM arthopArjana karatA hU~. isaliye sampattipara merA hI pUrNa adhikAra hai yaha samajhanA bhI corI hai| samAjane sabakI suvidhAke liye kAma kA baTavArA kara diyA hai| kucha kAma puruSake hAthameM sauMpA. kucha strIke hAthameM / vRddhAvasthAmeM zarIra zithila hojAne para yA apanA gRhasthocita kartavya kara jAne para mAtA pitAko peMzana dii| samAjake do pratinidhiyoM ( mAtA pitA) ne tumheM pAlA, isaliye

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acaurya ]. [85 tumheM apanI santAnakA pAlana karanA cAhiye, isa prakAra maiM kartavya meM ba~dhA hU~ / mAtA pitA tathA santAna hamAre sAhukAra yA sAhukAra ke pratinidhi haiM / maiM jo kucha detA hU~ vaha apanA RNa cukAtA hai| RNa cukAneko maiM dAna sa-jhU isakA matalaba yaha huA ki maiM RNa ko asvIkAra karatA hU~ / isa prakAra paradhanako jabardastI apanAtA hU~, yaha corapana hI nahIM hai kintu jabardastIkA bhAva AjAnese DA~kUpana bhI hai| aura strI to spaSTa rUpameM hI sAjhedAra hai| hamAre amuka parizramakA upayoga vaha karatI hai aura usake amuka parizramakA upayoga hama karate haiM, isa prakAra vaha hissedAra hai / aba agara maiM upArjita sampattipara apanA pUrNAdhikAra samajhatA hU~ to maiM apane hissedAra kA tathA sAhukAra kA hissA her3A jAtA hU~ isa prakAra maiM caura huuN| gharameM agara kuTumba vibhakta na huA ho to putravadhU bhrAtRvadhU, yA bhaujAI vidhavA ho to usakA sampatimeM ucita hissA na mAnanA tathA usakA hissA usakI icchA hone para bhI na denA bhI corI hai| 4-avibhakta kuTumba honepara bhI jo sampatti kisI vyaktike liye niyata karadI gaI ho, use usakI icchAke binA grahaNa karanA bhI corI hai| jaise-avibhakta kuTumbake bhItara strIdhana arthAta vivAha ke avasara para donoM pakSa (varapakSa aura kanyApakSa ) se milI huI sampatti para adhikAra karalenA corI hI hai| isakA caryipana spaSTa 5-kanyAvikraya aura varavikraya bhI corI hai| varapakSase amuka dhana lekara kanyAkA vivAha karanA kanyAvikraya hai, aura kanyApakSase amuka dhana lekara varakA vivAha karanA varavikraya hai| ye donoM

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jaina-dharma-mImAMsA hI corI hai / kanyAko adhikAra hai ki vaha apanI icchA ke anusAra yogya vara se zAdI kare aura vara ko adhikAra hai ki vaha apanI icchAke anusAra yogya kanyAke sAtha zAdI kare / kanyAvikraya aura varavikrayameM donoM kA yaha janmasiddha adhikAra chIna liyA jAtA hai / zaMkA-kanyAzulka lenakA rivAz2a to bahuta purAnA hai| aura yaha ucita bhI mAlUma hotA hai; kyoMki jaba mAtA pitAne kanyAkA pAlana kiyA hai taba usakA mihanatAnA unheM milanA hI caahiye| samAdhAna - kanyAzulkakA vija samAjakI avikasita avasthAmeM thA kintu vaha burA thA / jyA jyoM vikAsa hotA gayA tyoM yo usa kurItikA tyAga bhI hotA gayA / purAnA honemeM koI pApa puNya nahIM bana jaataa| isake atirikta varavikrayakA rivAja to purAnA bhI nahIM hai aura na kanyAzulkake samAna thoDAsA bhI naitika sahArA rakhatA hai / varapakSako kisa haisiyatase kanyApakSase kucha lenekA adhikAra milasakatA hai ! kanyA ke mAtApitAne kanyAkA pAlana kara diyA, itanA hI kAphI hai| aba yaha kanyAko sampatti kyoM de ! kanyAvikrayake rivAz2ase kanyAzulkakA rivAja kama kharAba hai / kyoMki kanyAzulva ke rivAz2a meM to vara kanyAko pArasparika cunAva karanekA pUrNa adhikAra hotA thaa| donoMkA sambandha jaba taya ho jAtA thA taba vara, kanyA ke pitAse zulkakA parimANa pUchatA thA / vaha zulka kanyAke pAlanapoSaNake kharca ke anusAra niyata rahatA thA, na ki varake anusAra ghaTatA bar3hatA thaa| kanyAvikrayameM to jitanA hI adhika bar3hA aura ayobhya vara hogA, kanyAkA pitA utanA hI adhika dhana

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'acaurya / [87 lagA / eka tarahase vaha varakI yogyatAkA vicAra na karake kanyAko nIlAma para rakha degaa| jo mabasa adhika dhana de. vahI kanyAko prApta kare / isapara isameM kanyAkA adhikAra har3apa liyA jAtA hai| kanyAzulkake rivAjameM yadyapi itanI bugaI nahIM hai, phirabhI buI hai, kyoMki isase cunAva meM bAdhA par3asakatI hai / kisAMke pAsa dhana na ho aura kanyA use pasanda kare to usakI yaha pasandagI kanyAzulka na cukA sakane ke kAraNa vyartha jAyagI / hA. kanyA zulkake rivAja meM zulka cukAne kA eka tarIkA aura thA ki jo zulka na cukAsake vaha amuka samaya taka zvasura gharameM rahakara kAma kare, isa prakAra usakA RNa cuka jAyagA / isa taraha isa prathA kA bahuta kucha viSApaharaNa hogayA thA, phirabhI vyavahArameM yaha bahuta kaThina honese isase hAni hI thI, isase utthgyaa| isake atirikta ina donoM-kanyA vikraya aura kanyAzulkake viSayameM eka vicAraNIya bAta aura hai / mAtApitA kA yaha samamanA ki hamane putrIkA pAlana kiyA hai isaliye usake badalemeM kucha lenekA hameM adhikAra hai, anucita hai / pahale kahA jAcukA hai ki santAnakA pAlana samAjakA RNa cukAnA hai ( putrako to isaliye pitAkI sevA karanA cAhiye ki vaha sampattikA uttarAdhikArI hai| kanyA pitAke isa uttarAdhikArase mukta hai isaliye sevAse mukta hai| hA~, dUsare gharameM rahate huebhI jitanI sevA kI jAsakatI ho, utanI karanA cAhiye / parantu pitA isake liye naitika dabAva nahIM DAla sakatA) isaliye use kanyAzulka lenekA kyA haka hai ! RNa cukAnA kucha sAhukArI nahIM hai ki vaha vApisa mAMgI jAya /

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88) [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA isaliye kanyAzulka corI hai, aura kanyAvikraya tathA varavikraya to isase bhI kaIguNI corI tathA DaoNkUpana hai| 6--anyAyya upAyoMse tathA badalemeM kucha bhI na dekara dhano. pArjana karanA bhI corI hai / kisI jagaha jUA yA saTTekI manAI ho taba inase dhana kamAnA to corI hai hI, parantu yadi inakI kAnUnase manAI na bhI ho to bhI ina mAgoMse dhana kamAnA corI hai| kyoMki dhanopArjanake adhikArakA naitika mUla yahI hai ki hama samAjasevAkA badalA prApta kreN| hamane jJAnasa, zabdase, kalAse zArIrika zramama kucha sevA kI, usake badalemeM dhana lene kA hameM adhikAra milatA hai; agara hamane koI bhI sevA na bhI to dhana lenA corI hai / jUra aura saTTe, hama samAjakI koI sevA nahIM karate isaliye hameM usa dhana prApta karanekA koI adhikAra nahIM hai / phira bhI hama dhana lete haiM, isaliye vaha corI hai| 7--jisa mAlakA vAyadA kiyA hai usake badale meM dUsarA kharAba mAla dedenA bhI corI hai / isakA corIpana spaSTa hI hai / 8. bhramase, anicchApUrvaka vA chalase anumati prApta karalenA bhI corI hai / jaise koI AdamI hamAre pAsa rupaye rakhagayA parantu bhUlase usane thor3e mA~ge to jAnate huye bhI usake bAqI rupaye na denA bhI corI hai| koI AdamI denA to nahIM cAhatA kintu agara na degA to hama yA nukasAna karadeMge yA amuka kAma ThIka tarahase na kareMge-aise dabAvase dhana lenA corI hai / lA~ca lenA isI zreNIkI corI hai / lA~ca lenA aura inAma lenA, ina donoM meM antara hai| inAma prasannatAkA phala hai aura lA~ca vivazatAkA phala hai| isaliye

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acaurya ] [ 89 inAma meM jarA bhI corI nahIM hai aura lA~ca pUrI corI hai / 1 - - janasAdhAraNako sampattikA nyAyAnusAra upayoga karanA corI nahIM hai / isameM vyaktiko anumati nahIM mA~ganA par3atI, jaise gar3akara calane ke liye, tAlAba se pAnI leneke liye anumati nahIM lIjAtI; phirabhI yaha corI nahIM hai / parantu yadi svacchatA ke liye yaha niyama banAdiyA gayA ho ki amuka ghATa para snAna na kiyA jAya. amuka bagIce meM amuka samaya se adhika samaya taka na baiThA jAya, taba ina niyamoM kA maMga karanA bhI corI hai / agara hameM ina niyamoMke bAhara kAma karane kI z2arUrata ho to anumati lenA caahiye| hA~, agara hameM yaha mAlUma ho ki amuka pratibandha adhikAriyoMne pakSapAtavaza anyAyapUrvaka banAyA to use hama tor3a sakate haiN| parantu usameM satyAgraha ke niyamoM kA pAlana honA cAhiye / 10 - anumatike binA kisIkI cIz2a lenA hI corI nahIM hai kintu usIke pAsa rahane para bhI dUrase usakA upayoga kara lenAmI corI hai| jaise chupakara koI aisA khela dekha lenA jisapara TikiTa ho yA chupa kara gAnA suna lenA corI hai samAcAra patra bAlekI dUkAnapara Akara samAcAra par3ha lenA aura phira pepara na kharIdanA corI hai| hA~, jitanA hissA usane vijJApana ke liye par3hane ko chor3a rakkhA ho utanA par3hanemeM hAni nahIM hai, kyoMki utanA par3haneke liye usane sabhIko anumati devI hai, isaliye hameM bhI vaha anumati prApta hai

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90] jina-dharma-miAMsA abhI taka jo coriyAM batAI gaI unakA sambandha dhanase hai parantu dhanakIhI corI nahIM hotI kintu dhanase bhinna vastukIbhI corI hotI hai / jaise 11-yazakI corI eka bar3I bhArI corI hai| jaise dUsare kI racanAoMko apanA batAnA corI hai| racanAkI mukhya vastu har3apakara usako chupAneke liye kucha dUsarA raMga car3hAnA bhI corI hai| AvazyaktAvaza agara hameM aisA karanA par3e to kRtajJatA pragaTa karanA caahiye| zaMkA-manuSyake pAsa apanA to kuchabhI nahIM hai| manuSya agara paidA hone ke sAtha samAjase alaga kara diyA jAya to vaha jIvita hI na raha skegaa| agara vaha jIvita bhI rahA to pazuse bhI burA hogA / vaha manuSyake samAna bola bhI na sakegA / jaya bhASA taka apanI nahIM hai taba aura to apanA kyA homA ! isaliye vaha apanI kisI racanAko kamI apanA nahIM kaha skegaa| kaheNa to bhApa use cora kheNge| samAdhAna-jo jJAnadhana janasAdhAraNako sampati rUpa prasiddha ho gayA hai, use lenemeM corI nahIM hai, na usake liye kRtajJatA pragaTa karanekI z2arUrata hai / miTTI janasAdhAraNako ho sakatI hai, parantu miTTI ko lekara jo koI racanAvizeSa (ghara Adi) banAtA hai, vaha usIkI cIz2a kahalAtI hai / sAmAdi jo sampatti janasAdhAraNakI cIz2a bana gaI hai usake viSayameM vyaktivizeSako vyaktivizeSakI kRtajJatA pragaTa karane kI z2arata nahIM hai| kare to

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acaurya acchA, na kare to bhI koI burAI nahIM hai| parantu kisIkA jo vicAra jaba taka janasAdhAraNakI sampatti na bana jAve taba taka kRtamatApUrvaka hI hameM usakA ullekha karanA caahiye| zaMkA--amuka vicAra janasAdhAraNakI sampati bana gayA hai, isako kaise samajhA jAya! samAdhAna -- jaba logoMmeM yaha khaba prasiddha hojAya ki yaha vicAra amukakA hai to vaha janasAdhAraNakI sampatti hai / mahAvIra, buddha, rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata Adi ke upadeza janasAdharaNakI sampAte kahe jAsakate hai| isa viSaya asalI bAta to yaha hai ki jo bAteM hamane apane vicArase khojI ho, jo hamAre anubhavakA phala hoM ve hamArI hai. bhalehI ve anyatra bhI pAI jAtI ho / dArzanika jagatmeM aise vicAroM kI samAnatA bahuna hotI hai / baijJAnika khojake viSaya meM samAnatAkI bAta itanI nahIM kahA jA sakatI; tathA kahAniyoM tathA kavitAoMke viSayameM to samAnatA azakyahI samajhanA cAhiye / maulika kyA hai, aura amaulika kyA hai, isa viSayameM kadAcita duniyA~ko dhokA diyA jAsake, parantu apanA antarAtmA isa bAtako acchI taraha jAnatA hai ki merA kyA hai aura corIkA kyA hai| 12-AvazyakatA honepara aura maukA AneparabhI kRtajJatA prakAzita na karanA bhI corI hai / jaise kisIke upadezase yA sahAyatAse koI vidvAna bAnI banA, yA usake mithyA vicAra badale aba yadi yaha kahe ki isameM tumhArA syA, to aisA honAlI

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92 (jaina-dharma-ma mAmA thA isaliye apanehI Apa mere vicAra badale haiM, tumameM mere vicAroM ke badalanekI kyA tAkata hai ! isa prakAra upakAra na mAnanA usake yazakI corI hai| 13-svArthavaza, dveSakza ekakA yaza dusareko denA bhI corI hai| jaise koI brAhmaNa jAti kA pujArI kahe ki dharma kA pracAra no brAhmaNa hI kara sakate haiM, kSaya aura vaizya brAhmaNoM kI barAbarI kadApi nahIM kara sakate; mahAvIra kA to nAma hai, kAma to unake brAhmaNa ziSyoM kA hai| yaha bhI jAtimada ke kAraNa kI jAnevAlI yaza kI corI hai| isI prakAra kisI AdamI me deSa hogayA ho to usakI saphalatAoM kA zreya dUsaroM ko denA, usakI maphalatA kI carcA meM usakA nAma bhI na lenA yA dabechupe zabdoM meM gANa banAkara lenA Adi bhI corI hai, kyoMki isameM vipakSI kA yaza curAkara vaha borI kA mAla apane pakSabAloM ko diyA jAtA hai / 11-duniyA~ ko batAnA ki hamane ima cIna kA tyAga kiyA hai parantu chupakara, yA isa DhaMga se jisase logoMko yaha patA nage ki hama isakA sevana karate haiM, sevana karanA corI hai / rAtribhojana syAgI samAja se chupAkara-usamAja se chupAkara ki jisake sAmane use pragaTa karanA hai ki maiM amuka kA tyAgI hai . rAtribhojana karanA corI hai / isI prakAra anya saba syAkA isa prakAra yaza kI corI mI corI hai| .

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acaurya ] [ 93 15-dUsare ke naitika adhikAroMkI bhI corI hotI hai sTezana para TikiTa kharIdane ke liye yA aura kisI jagahapara bahutase AdamI ekatrita haiM / unako kramaza: TikiTa Adi lenA cAhiye parantu krama bhaMga karake apane se pahile vAloMkI parvAha na karake zaktise, caJcalatAse, dhRSTatA se pahile TikiTa lelenAbhI corI hai / rela meM hama cAra AdamiyoM kI jagaha roke hue haiN| jagaha yadi khAkI par3I ho to usakA upayoga bhalehI kiyA jAya parantu jaba dUsaroMko baiThane ko bhI jagaha na mile, phira bhI adhika jagahako roke rahanA corI hai| jagaha hone parabhI dUsare yAtriyoM ko na Ane denA corI hai / TikaTake dRSTAntameM hama dUsareke adhikAra - samaya - ArAma AdikI corI karate haiN| relame baiThane kI jagaha dRSTAntameM ina saba kI corI spaSTa hai 1 isaprakAra hama jIvana meM pada pada para corI karate haiM / inameM se bahutasI coriyA~ kevala hamAre pApakI hI sUcanA nahIM detI kintu ve hamArI asabhyatAkI bhI sUcanA detI haiN| ye kriyAtmaka coriyA~ jaba hamAre mana meM bhI sthAna jamA letI haiM taba bhI ve corI hI kahalAtI haiM ina udAharaNoMse corIkA svarUpa samajha meM A jAtA hai / coriyo kI sUcI banAnA to asambhavahI hai parantu usakA zreNIvibhAga karanA bhI kama kaThina nahIM hai / jaba ahiMsA ke apavAda the, satya ke apavAda the. taba isa vrata ke apavAda na ho yaha kaise ho sakatA hai ! bAhirI ahiMsA aura bAhirI satya kabhI kabhI kalyANa ke virodhI hojAte hai, isaliye

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94 . [ jaina dharma-mImAMsA kalyANakI rakSAke liye bAba hiMsA aura bAhya apatyakA upayoga karanA par3atA hai . kalyANakara honese hiMsAko hiMsA nahIM mAnA bhaataa| ye saba bAteM acaurya vratake sambandha bhI haiM / imAleye isake bhI bahutase apavAda hai| udAharaNake taurapara pA~ca AvAda yahA~ batAye jAte haiN| 1 kisAkI prANarakSA, svAsthyarakSA Adi ke liye usake hitakI dRSTise corI karanA anucita nahIM hai / jaise koI AdamI viSa khAkara AtmahatyA karanA cAhatA hai| mujhe mAlama huA ki usane amuka jagaha virakAvA hai maiMne jAkara curA liyA to yaha vAstavameM corI nahIM hai| isIprakAra rogI ko apathya se bacAne ke liye apathyakI corI karanAbhI corI nahIM hai| pahile kahA thA ki baccoMse chupAkara vastu gvAnA coge parantu agara yaha mAlUma ho ki isa cIjako khilAnese bacce bImAra hojAyage to unase chupAkara khAnAmI corI nahIM hai / yadyapi isa apavAda kI oTame hama vAstavika corIko bhI acaryi kaha sote haiM, parantu kaha sakanA eka bAta hai aura honA dUsarI bAta / apane bhAvoMko hama apanese nahIM chupA sakate / 2-- anyAyase athavA anadhikArI hone para bhI agara kisIne kisI vastuko apane adhikAra kara liyA ho to use curAnA corI nahIM hai| jaise mAno kisI sulekhakane janasamAja kI bhalAI ke liye koI graMtha banAyA aura vaha graMtha kisI ke hAtha laga gayA aba vaha apanI pratiSThAko banAye rakhaneke liye yA aura kisI

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acaurya [95 svArthavaza usakA upayoga kisI ko nahIM karane detA, yA usako barbAda ho jAne detA hai to usa prathakA curA lanA ucita hai| kisI aisI anucita pratijJAmeM bA~dhakara agara vaha graMtha mile, jisa pratijJAse samAjake kalyANameM bAdhA par3atI ho to use tor3a denAbhI ucita hai athavA kisIne se sAdhu mA veSa banAyA ho jisake anusAra vaha parigraha na rakha sakatA ho, phirabhI vaha parigraha rakhatA ho to usakA parigraha curA lenA bhI ucita hai; kyoMki vaha isa parigrahako sabanekA adhikArI nahIM hai : 3 - atyAcAra rokane ke liye agara corI karanA par3e to vaha bhI ucita hai / eka AdamI khuna karane ke liye kurI liye baiThA hai / maukA pAkara usa kI churI curA lenAbhI ucita hai / parantu ya: yAda rakhanA cAhiye ki anyAyame khuna karane para jo utArU hai usIkI cagi ucita hai / jo AtmarakSA ke liye churI liye prema hai, usI AtmarakSAkA sAdhana curA lenA ucita nahIM hai / 4- anyAyakA virodha karanake liye yadi satyAgraha karanA ho aura usameM adhikArI kI AjJA ke dina koI vastu uThAnA hai| taba tA vaha corI hai hI nahIM / corI satyakI rakSA nahIM hotii| satyAgraha meM to satyakI rakSA bhItarase bhI hotI hai aura bAhirasena hotI hai kyoM kI kA adhikArIko sUcanA de detA hai ke meM aisA karaneke liye Ane vAlA huuN| isaliye bAhyaSTi se bhI satyAgrahake Upara corIkA chIMTA nahIM par3a sakatA aura bhiitH| zima to vaha ki hai hii|

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96) [baina-dharma-mImAMsA 5--jina bAtoM ko svIkAra karanemeM sirpha lajAhI bAdhaka hai, jinako pragaTa karanA sabhyatAnumodita nahIM hai, aisI kriyAe~ chupa kara bhI kI jAya to bhI ve vArImeM zAmila nahIM haiM / jaise patipatnIkA premakrIr3A. aadi| parastrIsevanakA chupAnA isa apavAdameM nahIM bAsakatA, kyoMki usame ta hama samAjako dhokA dekara usake niyamabhaMga karane haiM / pati patnI kI kauDA AdimeM ye bAteM nahIM / ___ isa prakAra corI ke rUpa aura asteya vratake apavAdoM ke katipaya niyamoM aura udAharaNoMse isa vrata ke samajhanemeM subhItA hojAtA hai / aura bhI abAda mila sakeMge parantu corI kA svarUpa samajha leneme unakA mamajhanA kaThina nahIM hai| saMkalpI--maMkalpapUrvaka anyAyase kisI kA dhana, yaza, adhikAra AdikA curAnA / ____ ArambhI....dUsare ke hita ke liye corI karanA jaise apavAdake pahile niyamameM banAI gaI hai| athavA anajAnameM kabhI corI hojaanaa| udyogI- apane AvikAroM tathA nyAyocita gUDha rahasyoM ko chupAye rakhanA udyogI caurya hai / virodhI yuddha AdimeM tathA nyAyocita AtmarakSA kAryameM caurya karanA par3e to vaha virodhI caurya hai / koI AdamI apane rASTra para anyAyase AkramaNa karatA ho to usakI yuddha sAmagrI cur| lenA, chIna lenA Adi virodhI caurya hai| inameM se saMkalpa corI hI vAstavameM pUrNa corI hai, isakine

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brahmacarya ] [ 97 usakA pUrA tyAga karanA caahiye| bAkI tIna kA to yathAzakti saMyamahI paryApta | hai brahmacarya zAstroM meM brahmacA artha aneka tarahakA kiyA gayA hai / brahmacaryA karanA - AlA lIna honA pUrNa saMyama kA pAlana karanA brahmacarya haiM isa artha ke anusAra ahimAmI brahmacarya hai, satyabhI varSa hai, anI brahmacarya hai, Ahi bhI brahmacarya hai aura brahmavato brahma hai hI | parantu jaba saMyama ke ahiMsA Adika pA~ca me jAte hai taba usakA yaha vyApaka artha nahIM manA jAtA brahmacarya kA artha haiM maithunakA tyAga / isI arthako mAnakara yaha caturthI vrata banAyA gayA hai / yadyapi brahmacarSakI mattA zAstramiM bahuta batAI gaI hai aura prAyaHsamIne eka svarase use eka mahAna vrata batalAyA hai, phira bhI yaha eka prazna hai ki macarya kA vrata hai kyoM ? aura maithunameM pApa kyA hai ? manuSya samAjakI sthiratA ke liye maithuna to Avazyaka hai hI maithuna karanevAle donoM pAtra [strI aura puruSa ] sukhAnubhava karate haiM, isameM kinake adhikAroM kA nAza bhI nahIM hotA, phira kyA bAta hai ki ise pApa mAnA gayA hai ? hA~, bAtkAra pApa hai, parapuruSanevana yA parastrIsevana pApa hai, yaha kahanA ThIka hai / parantu balAtkAra Adi isaliye pApa nahIM kahe jA sakate ki unameM maithuna prasaMga hai, kintu isaliye pApa kahe jA sakate haiM ki unameM jabardastI kI jAtI hai| isaliye vaha hiMsAlaka hai, usameM chupAkara kAma kiyA jAtA hai

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| jana-dharma-mImAMsA isaliye corI hai, Adi / parantu jisa maithuna meM jabardastI nahIM hai, corI nahIM hai, use pApa kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ! 98 maithuna meM rAgapariNati hai, isaliye use pApa kahA jAya tatra to bhojanAdi bhI pApa kahalAyege / pratyeka indriyakA viSaya pApa kahalAyegA / yadi una sabako pApa mAnA jAya to pApako pA~cahI bhAgoM meM vibhakta kyoM kiyA ? maithuna ke samAna anya indriyoM ke viSaya ko bhI svataMtra pApa ginanA cAhiye thA / athavA brahmacaryako bhI mogopabhoga pariNAma nAmaka vrata meM rakhanA cAhiye / ise pradhAna pApo kyoM ginA ? ina saba samasyAoMke Upara vicAra karane ke pahile brahmacarya ke viSaya meM kucha aitihAsika vivecana kara lena ucita hai I yaha bAta prasiddha hai ki mahAtmA pArzvanAtha ke samaya meM cAra hI vrata the, brahmacaryavrata nahIM thA | brahmacaryako nayA vrata banAya mahAtlA mahAvarine ! aba prazna yaha hai ki yadi usa samaya brahmacaryavrata nahIM thA to kyA usa samaya ke sAdhu sapatnIka ? athavA hara kisA khIse sambandha sthApita kara dete the ? athavA brahmacaryavrata kA pAlana to karate the kintu use aparigrahavratameM zAmila karate the / jainaza, stroM ke anusAra pArzvatIrtha ke sAdhumI brahmacarya rakhate the, kintu usa ve aparigraha zAmila karate the / parantu isa mata yaha sandeha to raha hI jAtA hai ki jainazAstroM kA yaha samanvaya aitihAsika dRSTime (Historioal Method) kiyA gayA hai yA saMgatatA kI dRSTise (Logical Method) / pArzvatIrtha ke zramaNa kA aura mahAtmA mahAvIrakA 1

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brahmacarya ] jaba samajhautA hogayA aura donoMkI ekahI paramparA mAnalI gaI tava yaha bahuta mambhava hai ki eka paramparA middha karane ke liye aitihAsikatA ko kinAre rakhakara saMgatatAkI dRSTime samanvaya kiyA gayA ho| jainazAstroM ke dekhanese yaha bAta mApha mAlUma hotI hai ki pArzvatIyameM zithilAcAra bahuta AgayA thA, usa samayake muni aiyyAza aura kaSToMko na mahanevAle hogaye the| khaira, mAnA ki maithunIvAti aparigrahavatameM zAmila thI parantu isase bhI itanA to mAna hotA hai ki usa samaya strIsevanakA pApa itanA hI bar3A yA jitanA svAdiSTha bhojana yA anya kimI indriya viSayake sevanakA pApa ho sakatA hai / mahAtmA mahAvIra ke bAda * brahmacayako jo mahatvapUrNa sthAna prApta huA, vaha ume pahile prApta nahIM thaa| jainazAstroMmeM hI kyA, duniyA~ke sabhI itihAmoM meM isa viSayake paryApta pramANa milate haiM ki pahile maithunako loga koI papa nahIM samajhate the, yadyapi ce ahiMsA, satya, ayi aura tyAgaH / uccasvara meM gAne lagethe / ja sippege paMpAta simira mAe pacAyane / nAsapo aNaga himavAe nivAyasanti / TIkA-pArzvanAtha tIrthaprabajitA gacchavAsinaH eva zItAditA nivAtapAta ghaMgha zAlAdikA vasatI rvAtA nAdarahitAH prArthayAta / kina iha maMghATIzabdana zItApanAdakSayaM kalcara yaM vA gRhyate , nAH saghArI: zItAditA va pravezyAmaH evaM gItArditA anagAgaH api vidadhati-AcArAta 9. -16 /

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100 / jana-dharma-mImAMsA mahAbhAratake anusAra to satayugameM striyA~ bila kula svacchanda thii| ve cAhe jisake sAtha calI jAtI thI, usa samaya usameM adharma nahIM mAnA jAtA thA, vaha dharma hI thA / yaha dharma uttara kurumeM abhI bhI pAlA jAtA hai / isa manAjameM bhI vivAha kI maryAdA abhI thor3e dinoMse AI hai jo ki uddA Thaka ke putra zvetaketu na calAI / hai / __draupadI pA~ca pati rakhatIthI aura phira bhI satI thii| isIprakAra hajAroM striyA~ rakhanevAle rAjA loga bhI aNuvratI kahalAte the / itanAhI nahIM, kintu vezyA sevana karanepara bhI unakA aNuvrata naSTa nahIM hotA thaa| ___ jainazAstroMke anusAra Adima yugameM (bhogabhUmike yugameM ) bahina bhAIhI patipatnI bana jAte the| bAdameM yaha rivAz2a no banda huA; phira mAmAkI la kI lene meM koI aitarAz2a na thA / isase mAlUma hotA hai ki maithuna ke viSayoM purAne logAke vicAra bahuta sAdhAraNa the| 0 anAvRtAH kilarA priya aAman varAnane ! kAmAcAra vihAriNya svataMtrAvAmahAsini / tApAM vyuccara gagAnAM kaumArA mana panI nAdharmo ' bhUdvarArohe sahidharmaH purA'bhava // tamadyApi vidhIyate tiryagyAni gatA prajA / uttareSu ca bho| kuruSvadyApi pUyate / / asmiMstuloke na cirAnmaryAdayaM zucismite uddAlakasya putreNa sthApitA zvetake nA || ma bhA. Adiparva / __ + ee NaM mae paMcapaMDavA variyA, tate NaM te siM vAsudeva pAmakkhiANaM baiNi rAya sahassANi mahayA mahayA saddeNaM ugyoseNA 2 evaM vayaMti suvariyaM khalu bhodovaie rAyavara knnaae| ... hasthiNAnure nayare paMcaNDaM paMDavANaM doghatIe ya devIe kahANakare bhavissIta / NAyadhammakahA 16-120 /

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brahmacarya [101 isa viSayameM jyoM jyoM sugara hotA gayA tyA tyoM hamAre sAhityameM ina sudhare rUpoMke varNana bar3hate gaye aura purAne rivAjoM ke varNana naSTa hogaye / phira bhI nA kucha bace haiM, ve kucha kama nahIM haiM / parantu jina dezoM aura jAtiyoM meM isa prakAra ke sudhAra nahIM hue unameM maithuna sambandhI svacchandatA aba bhI pAI jAtI hai / hamAre par3osI tibbatameM jise saMskRtameM svarga triviSTapa kahate haiM, AjabhI eka eka strI aneka pati rakhatI haiN| bebIlona zahara Ajase pA~cahaz2Ara varSa pahile eka prasiddha nagara thA, jo bhUgarbhastha hogayA / usakI khudAI bahuta varSome horahI hai, jisase hajAroM varSa purAne sAmAjika jIvana para bhI prakAza par3atA hai| khudAImeM kaI zilAstUpa mile hai jo cArahajAra varSa purAne haiM aura jinameM usa samaya ke kAnUna bude hue haiM / isase mAlUma hotA hai ki usa samaya vahA~ dezakA pratyeka strI ko vaha aaura hA yA garIba-jIvanameM ekabAra vezyA avazya bananA par3atAyA / mAtA pitA apanI lar3akiyoMko aura pati apanI patnI ko paisA ThaharAkara parimita samaya ke liye dUsaroke havAle kara detethe / vahA~para striyA~ ekahI sAtha aneka patiyoM ke sAtha zAdI karatI thIM / pAchese urukAginA nAmake eka sudhAraka rAjAne bahupatitvakI yaha prathA banda krdii| __ sIthiyana jAtimeM pratyeka strI pratyeka puruSakI patnI hai / isa prathAse ve loga yaha bar3A lAbha samajhate haiM ki isase saba puruSa ApasameM bhAI bhAI hokara raheMge / kaurambA jAtimeM bhI aisAhI abheda

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( jaina-dharma-mImAMsA 102 ] samAgama hotA hai / kelTika jAtimeM to mA~ aura bahina ko bhI patnI banA liyA jAtA hai / yahI bAta pheliksa arebiyA ke logoM meM hai / cIna meM phUke rAjyakAla taka yaha prathA thI ki samasta puruSoMkA samasta striyoMpara samAna adhikAra thA / AsTreliyA meM kumArI avasthA meM vyabhicAra karanA burA nahIM samajhA jAtA / vahA~ pahile vivAha kI prathA thI hI nahIM | jaba vahA~ kucha sudhArakoMne vivAha kI prathAko calAnA cAhA to sthitipA koMne yaha kahakara bahuta virodha kiyA ki isase hamArI svatantratAkA apaharaNa hotA hai / parantu sudhAraka, jo ki vijayI banane ke liye hI paidA hote haiM, jaba balavAn ho gaye to sthitipAlakoM ko unake sAtha samajhautA karanA par3A aura isa zartapara unane vivAhaprathAko apanAyA ki vivAha ke pahile pratyeka kanyAko vezyA kA kAma karanA cAhiye | armIniyana jAtikI kumArI lar3akiyA~ yA jIvana vitAna ke liye aneTisa devI mandirameM rakha dI jAtI thA / isake bAda ve kisI eka puruSa se vivAha karatIthI / prAcIna romameM, jo strAM vivAha ke pahile vezyAvRti me agara kucha dhana paidA na karale to vaha ghRNA kI dRSTi se dekhI jAtI thI / reDa iMDiyana jAtiyoM meM bhI yaha kArya ucita samajhA jAtA hai ! vahA~ kuTumbiyokI anumati se striyA~ parapuruSAMse prema- mikSA mA~gatI haiM / faage jAti ke logoM ke yahA~ jaba koI mehamAna AtA hai

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brhmcry| taba ve apanI patnI yA beTI sahavAsake liye upasthita karate haiM / mehamAna agara isa bheMTako asvIkAra karade to isameM vaha ghora apamAna samajhatA hai / cukacI jAtimeM bhI aisA hI rivAz2a hai| aura yahI hAla uttarI eziyAkI kamaiDala aura alIDhasa jAtiyoMkA hai| eskimo jAtimeM do eka rAtrike liye do mitra apanI striyoMko badala lete haiM / isa prakAra apanI strIko mitrake havAle karanA mitratAkI parAkASThA samajhI jAtI hai| aisA mAlUma hotA hai vi bhAratavarSa meM bhI aisA rivAja thA / yahA~ bhI mitrako patnI samarpita karake mitratAko parAkASTA banlAI jAtI thii| isalie isa pakArake caritroM kA citraga jainapurANAMmeM bhI pAyA jAtA hai / vimalamUra ke 'paumacariya' aura raviSeNAcArya ke padma caritameM do mitroM kI aisI hI kathA hai / yadyapi isa prakAra patnIpradAnako jainAcArya acchA nahIM samajhate, phira bhI isase itanA to mAlUma hotA hai ki yahA~ko samAja meM kahIM aura kabhI aise rivAz2a hoge tabhI aisA citraNa kiyA hai, bhalehI ve ghI se niMdanIya hogaye / khaira, vaha kathA isa prakAra hai| sumitra aura prabhava nAma ke do mitra the / sumitra mahArAjA thA aura prabhava mAmUlI AdamI / parantu suninane vana dekara use zrImAn banAdiyA thA / eka bAra sumitra eka jaMgala meM pahu~ca gayA / vahA~ eka bhIlane usake sAtha apanI lar3akI (banamAlA ) kA vivAha kara diyA / isa navavivAhitA paniko dekha kara prabhavako kAma jara hogayA / subhitrane jaba bImArI kA kAraNa prabhavase pUchA to usane

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104 ] | jaina-dharma-pramIMsA kaha diyA ki merA citta tumhArI patnIpara Asakta hogayA hai / usane jAkara turantahI apanI strIse kahAki tuma mere mitra kI icchA pUrI karo, maiM tumheM eka hajAra grAma dU~gA / yaha sunakara vaha apane pati mitrako santuSTa karane ke liye gaI usakA pati bhI chupakara usake pIche isa Azayane AyA ki agara yaha mere mitrakI icchA pUrNa na kogI to ise daMDa dU~gA / 1 pacheile usake mitra prabhatra ko hI yaha kArya anucita mAlUma huA parantu isase kisI samaya ke vAtAvaraNako jAnake paryApta sAdhana milate haiM / isaliye eskimo jAtikA yaha rivAz2a anucita hone para bhI Azcaryajanaka aura bhArata ke liye abhUtapUrva nahIM mAlUma hotA / mA~gola phArena, DoDA aura DakoTA jAtimeM satI kA z2arA bhI mUlya nahIM hai | nAikera guA meM varSa meM eka tyauhAra ke dina sabhI striyoM ko vyabhicAra karane ke liye dI jAtI haiM / hamAre yahA~kA holIkA i [] yuvA prANayamasyAsya duHkhaM khatrInimittakam / tAmAzu prAhigo prAjJaH sumitra nivasaH | 36 | aviniyamannA sthAnakAkA tatonigrahameta yaH karnAsti suviti // 38 // yayA vA kAmaM saMpAda vissyti| tateoprANa[jayiSyAmi sundarIM / 39 / padmacarita parva 12 / naniUNa tanma calaNe natra parikaumpatI dahuNa tujha hila sAmiya Aya patto | 18 | maNiNa vayaNameyaM bhagai sAmeto nisAmu vaNamAlaM vaccatu zrImatyA bhavasayA pasannahI / 19 / gAma sahasse sundari deminumaM jara karehimicahiyaM / jaitaM necchasibhaDhe ghoraM te niggahaM kAhUM 20 bhaNiUNa vayaNameyaM baNamAlA patthiyA samao sa pattA pabhavAgAraM tegaya sA pucchiyA sahasA 21 paTamacariyaM udesa 12 J

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brahmacarya] [105 tpAhAra zAyada aisI hI kisI prathAkA bhagnAvazeSa hai aura yahA~kI kumAriyoMko to nyabhicArakI pUrI chuTTI hai| ve vezyAvRtti se pahile dhana kamAtI haiM, phira usI dhanase apanA vivAha karatI haiN| reDakArena loga strI-puruSa ke abheda samAgamakA khUba samarthana karate haiN| agara unako koI isa prathA kI burAI batAve to bApadAdoMkI duhAI dekara ce isakA samarthana karate hue kahate haiM ki-vAha ! yaha to purAnI rIti hai / kyA hamAre purakhA mUrya the ! __ apara kauMgo, TahITI, maikaroneziyA, kaNTrona, aura palyUidvIpa rahanevAlI jAtiyoM meM apanI bahina-beTI ko thor3e dhana ke liye cAhe jisake havAle kara dete haiM / isase na to unakI ijjatameM baTTA lagatA hai na usa kumArI ke vivAhameM kucha ar3acana paidA hotI hai| veTiyAka logoMmeM kisI kumArIkI sabase bar3I zobhA yahI hai ki vaha bahunase yuvakoMse phaMsI ho / usake pIche agara yuvakoMkA jhuMDa nahIM calatA to usake liye yaha apamAnakI bAta hai| agara kumArI avasthAmeM hI usake baccA paidA ho jAya to isase usakA sanmAna aura bhI bar3hatA hai / isase vaha zramanta gharAne meM vitrAhI jAtI hai aura usake pitAko lava dhana bhI milatA hai| cipacA jAtike kisI puruSako agara yaha mAlUma hojAya ki usakI patnI kA kumArAvasthA meM kisI bhI puruSa ke sAtha sambandha nahIM thA to vaha isaliya apana bhAgyako kosane lagatA hai ki usakI strI itanI tuccha hai ki vaha kisI bhI puruSako AkarSita na kara skii| prAcIna jApAniyoM meM yaha rivAja thA ki pitA kA RNa cukAne ke liye strI vyabhicArase dhana paidA karatI thii| aura jaba

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(jaina-dharma-mImAMsA lar3akI isa prakAra paisA paidA karake AtI thI taba kamAU pUtakI taraha usakA sanmAna bar3ha jAtA thaa| nIti ke anya aMgoM para bhI aisA hI vivevana kiyA AsakatA hai jisase mAlUma hogA ki haz2AroM varSoM ke anubhavane manuSyako nItidharma kI zikSA dI hai | Adimayuga meM manuSya hiMsA, ahiMsA Adiko nahIM samajhatA thaa| dhIre dhIre sukha zAntikI khoja karate karate usane ahiMsA Adi kA aviSkAra kiyaa| unameM brahmacaryakA AviSkAra sabase pichalA hai / isaliye mahAtmA pArzvanAtha ke yugameM cAra hI vrata hoM, yaha bahuta svAbhAvika hai pachise mahAtmA mahAvIrane brahmacarya nAmaka nayA vrata banAyA / itihAsa ke Upara isa prakAra eka vihaMgama dRSTi DAlane se itanA to mAlma hotA hai ki manuSya samAja ne maithunako pApa bahuta dera meM samajhA / aura use svataMtra pApa mAnane kI kalpanA to aura bhI darameM uThI / isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki jisa prakAra hiMsA jhaTha corI Adi sAkSAt duHkhake kAraNa haiM, usa prakAra thuina nahIM / parigrahameM to manuSya bahutasI sampatti ekatrita karake dRmarAkI gamI aura bekArImeM kAraNa hotA hai, parantu thunameM to itanA bhI doSa dekhanameM nahIM aataa| isa prakAra anya saba pApoMkI apekSA maithunako duHkhapradatA bahuta kama honese prArambhakA manu-yasamAja ise pAmeM na ginasa kA / pIche jaba ise adhika anubhava huA, usa anubhavase use sUkSma dRSTi prApta huI, taba vaha maithunako saMyamameM rakhanekA tathA pUrNa brahmavaryakA AviSkAra kara sakA / phira to isa dizA meM samAja isa prakAra

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brahmacarya] [107 sarapaTa daur3A ki use maryAdA kA bhI khayAla na rahA / brahmacaryake nAma para striyoM ko jIte jalAnekA, unheM balAdvaidhavya dene kA bhI rivAz2a par3agayA / maiM pahile kaha cukA hai ki dharma mukha ke liye hai / isaliye jo sukhakA kAraNa hai vaha dharma hai; jo duHkha kA kAraNa hai vaha adharma hai / isa kasauTI para kasakara yahA~ vicAra karanA cAhiye ki bhaithuna kitane duHkha kA kAraNa hai ! 1-parAdhInatA du.kha kA kAraNa hai / anya indriyoM ke viSayoMmeM jitanI parAdhInatA hai, usame kai guNI parAdhInatA maithunameM hai| anya indriyoMmeM bhoga yA upabhogya sAmagrI jar3a yA jaDatulya hotI hai isaliye usameM icchA nahIM hotI, jisakA hameM gvayAla rakhanA par3e / parantu maithunameM dUsokI icchA kA pUrA khayAla rakhanA par3atA hai| agara khayAla na rakavA jAya to vaha hiMsA:maka aura nIrasa hojAtA hai / isaliye vaha anya viSayoM kI apekSA duHkhaprada hai| 2-uparyukta viSamatA honese usameM pIche kA kAryabhAra aura bar3hatA hai / jaise garbhAdhAnAdi hone para jIvana kI zaktiyA~ usake saMrakSaNa Adine kharca hone lagatI hai / jo vizvako kuTumba mAnakara usakI sevA karanA cAhatA hai usakI zaktiyoM kA bahubhAga isa cha Tese kuTumbakI sevAmeM laga jAtA hai / aura isake liya use thor3I bahuta mAtrAmeM parigrahAdi anya pApoM ko bhI svIkAra karanA par3atA hai 3-anya indriyoM ke viSaya zArIrika aura mAnasika zaktikA

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1.8] [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA kSaya nahIM karate yA itanA nahIM karate jitanA maithunase hotA hai| balki bhojanAdise zakti kI vRddhi taka hotI hai / isaliye bhI maithunako anya viSayoMkI zreNIse judA kiyA gayA hai| 4-maithunasevanake bAda eka prakAra kI glAni paidA hotI hai isaliye yaha sukha pIchese glAnirUpa duHkha kA denevAlA hai| 5-isa meM sthAyitA nahIM hai| 6-jala, vAyu aura bhojanAdi jisa prakAra jIvana ke liye Avazyaka haiM, usa prakAra maithuna nahIM / isaliye maithunasevana vikAroM kI tIvratAkA sUcaka honese pApa hai| prazna-jisa prakAra bhojana vagairaha zarIrakI mA~ga hai, usI prakAra maithuna bhI zarIrakI mA~ga hai / zarIrakI isa mA~gakI agara pUrti na kI jAya to isakA zarIra para burA prabhAva par3atA hai' aura aneka nAhakI bImAriyA~ bhI paidA ho jAtI haiN| uttara-bImAriyA~ paidA hotI hai taba, jaba icchAe~ to paidA hokara hRdayameM ghUmatI rahatI haiM aura unako kAryarUpameM pariNata hone kA maukA nahIM milatA / parantu una icchAoMkA agara rurAntara karadiyA jAya to maithuna kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| aisI vAsanAe~ mAtRbhakti, bhaginIprema, purvavAtsalya, vizvaprema, dInasevA Adi aneka savRttiyoMmeM parivartita ho sakatI haiN| jaba hamAre Upara koI bhayaMkara vipatti AjAtI hai yA asahya iSTaviyoga hojAtA hai taba aisI vAsanA lupta ho jAtI hai arthAt usakA rUpa parivartita ho nAtA hai|

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brahmacarya [1.9 prazna-jaba taka ina savRttiyoM kA prabhAva tIvra rahatA hai tabhItaka ve maithunakI vAsanA parivartita karatI rahatI haiM, parantu koI bhI savRtti sadaiva tIvra nahIM raha sakatI / jyoMhI usameM kucha mandatA. AyagI, maithunakI vAsanA apane hI rUmeM kAma karane lgegii| uttara-aise bhI kucha asAdhAraNa lokottara vyakti hote haiM yA ho sakate haiM jinakI sadvRttiyA~ sadaiva itanI tIvra banI rahatI haiM jisase kAmavAsanA parivartitarUpameM hI banI rahe vaha bAta avazya hai ki aise vyakti karor3omeM ekAdha hI hote haiM, parantu hote haiM / phira bhI yaha rAjamArga nahIM kahA jA sakatA isa. liye ucita yahI hai ki isa prakAra tIvra vega ke samayameM vivAhita jIvana bitAyA jAya / Ajakala ke hisAbase pacAsa varSa takakI umara taka isa prakAra jIvana bitAnA cAhiye / itanA samaya to bahuta hI paryApta hai, parantu isase bhI kama samayameM isa vAsanAkA vega itanA maMda ho sakatA hai jo ki saralatAse dUsarI sadvRttiyoM ke rUpameM parivartita kiyA jA ske| maithunakI vAsanAkA vega sAmAjika paristhati para bhI nirbhara hai| kaI prAcIna jAtiya aisI bhI haiM jinameM kAmavAsanAkI Artharyajanaka mandatA pAI jAtI hai / striyoM kA mAsikadharma kAmavAsanAkA hI sUcaka hai parantu aiskimo Adi jAtikI striyoM ke varSoM tIna bAra hI RtukAla AtA hai / isI prakAra puruSa bhI kAmakA Avema kama honese zIghrahI skhalitavIrya nahIM hote / ye saba bAteM vaMzaparamparAkA phala hai| parantu jina logoM ko yaha paristhiti prApta nahIM hai ve

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110 ] [jaina dharma-mImAMsA kucha samaya saMyama maithunase apanI vAsanAoMke begako kama kareM, bAda meM usako anya sadvRttiyoM meM parivartita kareM / prazna --maithuna meM jo Apane doSa batalAye haiM unakA bahuta kucha parihAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| agara pati-patnI donoMhI saMyamI hoM to unakI icchAoMkA balAtkAra eka dUsarepara nahIM ho sakatA isase parAdhInatAkA kaSTa bahuta kucha kama ho jAtA hai / jaba anicchApUrvaka koI kAma karanA par3atA hai taba parAdhInatAkA kaSTha hotA hai / yadi donoM saMyamI ho to koI kisIko vivaza na karegA jaba donoM svecchA se rAjI hoMge taba parAvanitAkA kaSTa na rhegaa| garbhAdhAnAdi rokane ke liye kRtrima upAyoMse kAma liyA jA sakatA hai / isaliye dUsarA bhI doSa dUra ho jAtA hai / tIsarA doSa bhI itanA jabardasta nahIM hai kyoMki mAtrA se adhika maithuna hI zaktikSaya karatA hai agara thor3A ho bhI to vaha itanA nahIM ho sakatA jisase ki manuSya kartavyacyuta hojAya / glAnikA kAraNa bhI jabardasta nahIM hai kyoM ki vaha tRptikA phala hai / yoM to peTa bharaneke bAda bhojana se bhI glAni hojAtI hai, parantu isase bhojana pApa nahIM ho jAtA | sthAyitA na ho to kyA hAni hai ? jaba antameM vaha duHkhaprada nahIM hai, taba kSaNika ho isase bhI lAbha hI hai / thor3A sahI, para hai to lAbha hI / vikArakI tIvratA nAmaka doSa bhI vizeSa mahattva nahIM rakhatA, kyoMki jaba yaha pApa siddha ho jAya tabhI isameM vikArakI tIvratAkA doSAropa kiyA jA sakatA uparyukta kAraNa na hone se yaha kAraNa bhI nahIM rahatA /

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brahmacarya [111 uttara-yadyapi doSoM kA yaha parihAra bilakula nirbala nahIM hai, phira bhI kucha bAteM aisI haiM jinase yaha bAta mAnanA par3atI hai ki maithuna pUrNasukha meM bAdhaka hai / pahilA parihAra yadyapi sambhava hai phira bhI itanA durlabha hai ki apavAda ke nAma para usakA ullekha hI kiyA jA sakatA hai, niyamarUpI rAjamArga meM usako jagaha nahIM dI jA sakatI / dUsarA parihAra Thaka kahA jA sakatA hai aura tIsarA bhI kisI taraha ThIka hai, parantu cauthA kucha vicAraNIya hai; kyoMki saMgIta Adi ke zravaNa karane se jo tRpti hotI hai usakA phala aisI glAni nahIM hai jaisI ki yahA~ hotI hai / isaliye anya viSayoM kI tRptei kI apekSA isakI tRpti kucha vicitra hai / pA~cavA~ parihAra isase bhI adhika vicAraNIya hai kyoMki kSaNika sukha kA pariNAma duHkha hai / jisakA saMyoga sukharUpa hai usakA viyoga duHkha rUpa hotA hai| agara saMyoga kA samaya alpa aura viyogakA samaya adhika hai, to yaha mAnanA cAhiye ki sukha kI apekSA duHkha adhika hai / isaliye agara saMyogaja subakA bhoga hI karanA ho to yathAzakti aisA bhoga karanA cAhiye jisameM saMyoga adhika aura viyoga kA ho| isa dizA meM bhaiyUnakA pracalita rUpa bahuta ninna zreNIkA ThaharatA hai isaliye jainazAstroM meM maithuna ke vividha rUpoM kA varNana hai isa varNanase yaha bAta mAima hotI hai ki kyoM jyoM sabhyatA kA vikAsa aura sukhakI vRddhi hotI hai tyo tyoM maithuna kA pracalita rUpa vikasita hotA jAtA hai aura anta meM brahmacaryameM parivartita ho jAtA hai| jainazAkhoM meM devagati kA jo varNana milatA hai usameM isa

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112] [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA siddhAntakA sundara citraNa hai / devagatike isa barNanapara agara vizvAsa na bhI kiyA jAya to bhI isa siddhAnta kI satyatA ko dhakkA nahIM lagatA, kyoMki vartamAna meM apane anubhava se bhI isa citraNa kI satyatA ko samajha sakate haiM / pahile aura dUsare svarga ke ke deva manuSyoM ke samAna hI maithuna karate haiM, tIsare aura cauthe svarga deva AliGganAdi se hI santuSTa ho jAte haiM / isase Age ke deva saundarya ke avalokana se santuSTa ho jAte haiM / isase Age sahabAra svarga taka ke deva saMgIta sunane se hI saMtuSTa ho jAte haiM aura isase Age ke deva mAnasika saGkalpa se hI saMtuSTa ho jAte haiM / aura isase Age ke devoM ke maithunakI vAsanA hI nahIM hotI- ve brahmacArI kI taraha hote haiM / ye deva sabase adhika sukhI mAne jAte haiN| isase kama sukhI mAnasika saGkalpa vAle, unase bhI kama sukhI saMgIta se santuSTa honevAle, unase bhI kama saundarya se santuSTa honevAle aura usase bhI kama AliMgana se santuSTa honevAle bhAra usase bhI kama sukhI sAdhAraNa maithuna karanevAle haiM / jainadharma meM devagati meM saMyama nahIM mAnA jAtA, isaliye sukha kI yaha adhikatA saMyama kI dRSTi se to hai nahIM, isaliye yaha eka vicAraNIya bAta hai| digambara sampradAya ke anusAra brahma brahmottara lAntava aura kApiSTa svarga ke deva | zvetAmbara sampradAya meM kama aura brahmottara svarga eka hI nAma se pukArA jAtA hai isI prakAra lAvantakA piSTa, lAntava nAmane AgaMke zuka mahAnuka, mahAzukra ke nAmase aura satAra sahasrAra, sahasrAra ke nAmase / isaprakAra digambara sampradAya meM svargo kI saMkhyA 16 aura detAmbara meM 12 haiM / vastusthiti meM kucha maMda nahIM hai / phira bhI 12 kI mAnyatA prAcani aura donoM samadAya meM pracalita hai /

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brahmacarya] ki yaha mukha kisa dRSTi se adhika hai ! nirakSiNa karanese isa sukha kA kAraNa sthAyitA hI mAlUma hotA hai / manuSyoM ke samAna maithuna bahuta thor3e samaya taka kiyA jA sakatA hai aura pIche se isameM glAni adhika hai| isakI apekSA AliGgana Adi adhika samaya taka ho sakatA hai aura isameM glAni kama hai / rUpadarzana isase bhI adhika samaya taka ho sakatA hai aura sparza na hone se isameM glAni aura bhI kama hai tathA saMgIta to aura bhI adhika AkarSaka tathA sthAyI hai aura zarIra ke avayoM kA pratyabhijJAna bhI isase kama hotA hai isase glAni to bilakula kama hai | mAnasika vicAra to ina sabase adhika samaya taka sthAyI raha sakatA hai, isameM parAdhInatA bhI nahIM haiM aura glAnike kAraNoM kA kimI bhI indriyame pratyakSa nahIM hotA isa laye ya: aura bhI adhika mugvamaya hai aura brahmacArI ke samAna rahanavAlA to mAnasika Tima bhI bilakula svataMtra Ara nirAkula rahatA hai isaliye unakA mukha sabase adhika hai| uparyuka krama vikAsavAdI dRSTi se bhI ucita mAlUma hotA hai| pazu bhoM meM strI-puruSa kA mugva prAyaH mAgaraNa maithunakI kriNameM samApta ho jAtA hai, jabaki manuSyoM meM isameM Age kI cAra zreNiyA~ (sparza rUpa zabda, mana ) bhI pAI jAtI hai / jyA jyo sabhyatA kA vikAsa hotA hai tyoM tyoM kalAoM kA bhI vikAsa hotA hai, aura pAzavika lipsA kalApremameM pariNata hotI jAtI hai / isase itanA avazya mAlUma hotA hai ki sukha kI vRddhi brahmacarya kI dizA meM hI hai / isa prakAra brahmacarya sukhabarddhaka siddha ho jAne para bhI hiMsA

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114] [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA Adi jisa prakAra duHkha ke kAraNa haiM aura sAkSAt duHkhasvarUpa haiM utanA maithuna nahIM hai, aura na vaha bhojanAdi kI zreNI meM hI AtA haiM / usakA sthAna madhya meM hai / hA~, agara vaha anya pApoM se mizrita ho jAya to usakI pApatA bahuta bhayaMkara hojAtI hai, tathA anya bhogopabhoga sAmagriyoM kI apekSA isameM Arambha parigraha kI vRddhi bhI bahuta hotI hai yA hone kA adhika sambhavanA hai / brahmacarya ke mukhya tIna prayojana haiM 1- zakti kA saMcaya yA usakI rakSA, 2-kauTubika aura sAmAjika jIvana kI zAnti, 3-vizvaprema yA samabhAva kI rakSA / 1-zarIra meM bahumUlya dhAtu vIrya hai / maithuna meM puruSa-strI ke dazIra kA yahI bahumUlya dhana naSTa hotA hai / agara isakI rakSA kI jAya tA zarIra kI zakti surakSita rahatI hai tathA bar3hanI hai / zArIrika zakti ke sAtha mAnasika zakti para isakA prabhAva aura bhI adhika par3atA hai / anya pa. kI apekSA maithunakA mana se adhika sambandha hai / manameM dUsarA pApa honese mana citra hotA hai parantu usakA vAzya prabhAva ullekhanIya nahIM hotA, jaba ki mAnasika thunakA bAhyaprabhAva bahuta adhika hotA hai / isase varyikA skhalana hotA hai aura zarIra kamajora hojAtA hai / isaliye nahara se hI maithuna kA tyAgI agara manako vazameM nahIM rakhatA to yaha brahmacArI to hai hI nahIM, sAtha hI bAhirI brahmacIkA bAhirI phala bhI prApta nahIM kara sakatA / vivAhita jIvana meM pati patnI meM parimita brahmacarya kA pAlana hotA hai / vaha bhI zaktisaMcaya kA kAraNa hai / parantu agara

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brahmacarya] [115 usameM maryAdA na rakkhI jAya, usase do meM se kisI eka kI bhI zaktikA hAsa hone laMga to use eka prakAra kA vyabhicAra hI kheNge| niyama ke zabdoM kI dRSTi se vaha vyabhicArI mala hI na kahA jAya, parantu niyama ke lakSya kI dRSTi se vaha vyabhicArI hai / bhojanAdi kI sAtvikatA bhI brahmacarya kA aMga hai / jisa bhojana ko hama pacA nahIM sakate arthAt jisakI ubhATakatA ko hama sahana nahIM kara sakate, manovRttiyoM jisase vikRta hotI hoM usase bacanA cAhiye / isI prakAra zrRMgAra tathA anya indriyoMkI lolupatA bhI brahmacarya meM bAdhaka hai| zaMkA --dharmakA lakSya agara sukha hai to vaha saundarya Adi sukhasAdhanoM kA virodha kyoM karatA hai ? saundaryopAsanA meM Akhira pAe kyA hai ? kyoMki isase na to kisI ko kaSTa pahu~catA hai. na kisI kI koI sAmagrI chInI jAtI hai / yaha to eka aisA Ananda hai jisake liye hameM kisI kI gulAmI nahIM karanA par3atI / prakRti ke bhaNDAra meM jo anaMta saundarya bharA huA hai usako vinA naSTa kiya agara hama usakA upabhoga kara sakate haiM to isameM kyA hAni hai ! kyA Apa yaha cAhate haiM ki manuSya gaMdA rahe ? isa gaMdagI aura nArasatA ke kaSTa sahana karane se kyA Atmonnati ho jAyagI ? samAdhAna-kaSTa sahana se Atmonnati naha hotI; na dharmake nAmapara gaMdagI phailAne kI z2arUrata hai / gaMdagI to pApa hai aura svacchatA dharma hai / parantu saundarya yA zrRMgAra ko svacchatA samajhanA bhUla hai / suMdara se suMdara vastrAbhUSaNa svaccha nahIM hote aura svaccha

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116 ] [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA vakhAdi bhI sundara nahIM hote / yaha sambhava hai ki kahIM svacchatA aura suMdaratA kA mela hojAya parantu inake mela kA niyama nahIM hai / dharma, vizuddha sondarya kI upAsanA kA virodha nahIM karatA / mandAkinI kI niravacchinna dhArA, samudrako asaMkhya kallole yA usakI anaMta nIravatA, girirAja kI himAcchanna coTiyA~ aura basanta meM prakRtikA ananta zRMgAra jo ananda pradAna karatA hai, dharma usakA virodha nahIM karatA kyoMki isase brahmacarya ke uparilikhita tIna prayojanoM meM se kisI kI bhI hAni nahIM hai / isa saundaryopAsanA meM vyakta yA avyakta rUpameM vizva meM tallIna hojAne kI bhAvanA hai, saMkucitatA yA yAga hai / itanA hI nahIM kintu isa Azaya se hama prANiyoMke aura manuSyoM ke bhI saundaryakI upAsanA kara sakata jaise vanaspati Adi prANiyoM meM prakRtikA saundarya dikhalAI detA hai usI prakAra mayUra kI zikhA aura kokila kI kuhukuhU bhI prakRti kA saundarya haiM / svayaM manuSya bhI prakRtikA eka aMga hai| jisa nirdoSa buddhi se hama vasanta Adi kI zobhA nirakhata hai yA jisa nirdoSa buddhi se hama bAlaka yA bAlikAko yA apanI bahana aura nAtAko dekhate haiM, usI nirdoSa buddhise hama kisI bhI strI yA puruSa ke saundarya ko dekheM to yaha brahmacarya kA doSa nahIM hai ! parantu yaha yAda rakhanA cAhiye ki isa nirdoSa buddhikA surakSita rakhanA kaThina hai / yaha pahu~ce hue mahAtmAoM kA kArya hai / "jainazAstroM ke anusAra jainasAdhu biyoM ke sAtha vihAra nahIM kara sakatA parantu mahAtmA mahAvIra ke sAtha saikar3oM striyA~ (AryA aura zrAvikAe~ ) vihAra karatI thiiN| isase mAlUma 1 2.

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brahmacarya ] [117 hotA hai ki yadi saundaryopAsanA meM maithuna kI gasanA na ho to vaha adharma nahIM hai, kyoMki isa duvIsanA ke Ane upayukta tInoM prayojana naSTa ho jAte haiN| zaMkA -mAndarya kI upAsanA meM maithuna kI vAsanA na ho, yaha asambhava hai / jagatakA sArA maundarya maithuna kI vAsanA kA rUpAntara yA sUkSma rUpa hai| balki yoM kahanA cAhiye ki jo hamArI isa vAsanA kI pUrti karatA hai, usIkA nAma saundaya hai / strI aura pustama jo laiGgika AkarSaNa hai usako yA usake sAdhanoM kI jahA~ samAnatA dikhAI detI hai usI kA nAma saundarya hai| candramA isIliye sundara hai ki vaha preyasI ke mukha kA smaraNa karAtA hai| haMsa isIliye pyArA ki vaha strI kI gati / anukaraNa karake hameM usakA pratyabhijJAna karAtA hai / A~khoM kI samAnatA kamalA kI zobhA hai / itanA hI nahIM kintu maithunake liye jo samaya yA jo vAtAvaraNa anukUla hotA hai usase vizeSa sambandha rakhanevAlI bastu bhI sundara mAlUma hotI hai / vasanta kA samaya agara anukUla hai to vasanta meM honevAlI pratyeka vastu hamAre liye sundara ho jAtI hai / bAlaka Adi meM jabataka yaha vAsanA paidA nahIM hotI tabataka usakA pUrvarUpa rahatA hai / laiGgika vijJAnake anusAra to mAtA kA putra se sneha bhI isI vAsanA kA rUpAntara hai / isaliye saundaryopAsanA ko maithuna kI vAsanA se alaga karanA asaMbhava hai / isaliye aba yA to saundaryopAsanA ko pAra kahanA cAhiye yA maithuna ko dharma kahanA caahiye|

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118] [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA samAdhAna- maithuna kI vAsanA kA rUpAntara maithuna nahIM hai / yo to acchI se acchI manovRtti bhI burI se burI manovRtti kA rUpAntara kahI jAsakatI hai, parantu isIliye vaha burI nahIM hotI / svAdiSTa aura sugaMdhita phalaphUla Adi bhI usa khAdake rUpAntara hote haiM jo durgadha Adi kA samUha hai / jainazAstra ke anusAra kaSAya aura saMyama eka hI guNa ke rUpAntara haiM, isaliye koI kisI kA rUpAntara hojagane se hI acchA yA burA nahIM hojAtA / isakA nirNaya karane ke liye hameM usakI svataMtra parIkSA karanA cAhiye / brahmacarya ke jo tIna uddezya Upara batalAye haiM una meM Ara bAdhA na Ave to maithuna kI vAsanA kA rUpAntara hokara ke bhI saundaryopAsanA maithuna meM zAmila nahIM kI jA sakatI, na pApa mAnI jA sakatI hai / isake sAtha eka bAta aura dhyAna meM rakhane kI hai ki brahmacArI ko lolupa na honA cAhiye / kisI sundarI kA dikhajAnA eka bAta hai aura usake liye lolupa manovRtti kA honA dumarI bAta / amara yaha lolupatA rahegI to bahuta hI zaMghra mana vikRta aura azAnta hA jAyagA jisakA anivArya phala mAnasika aura zArIrika maithuna hogA isaliye lolupatArahita samabhAvapUrvaka saundaryakI upAsanA karanA cAhiye / agara isame maithuna kI vAsanA ko uttejanA milatI ho to isakA tyAga karanA hI zreyaskara hai / agara isase vaha vAsanA parivartita ho jAtI ho to yaha ucita hai| yadyapi haraeka puNya-pApa kA vizleSaNa manovRtti para hI nirbhara hai parantu brahmacarya to manovRtti se aura bhI adhika ghaniSTa

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brahmacarya 1 [119 1 sambandha rakhatA hai / zakti ke saMcaya aura usakI rakSA ke liye manako vaza meM rakhanA yA durvAsanAoM ko vizvaprema prakRtiprema Adi meM rUpAntarita karanA ucita hai / 2 - kauTumbika aura sAmAjika jIvana kI zAMti ke liye bhI brahmacarya atyAvazyaka hai / gRhastha jIvana kI dRSTise akelI strI aura akele puruSa kA jIvana apUrNa hai| donoM ke yogya sammilana se hI pUrNatA AtI hai / yaha sammilana eka aisA sAmmelana hai jisameM tIsare ko sthAna nahIM mila sakatA hai / agara tIsare kA praveza huA to vaha vizvAsa aura prema naSTa hojAtA hai jisase yaha sammilana huA hai / isase yaha Avazyaka hai ki strIkRta pati-patnI ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI strIpurUSoM ke sAtha pavitra prema hI rakkhA jAya / usake sAtha maithuna kI kAmanA kI kalu patatA na Ane pAMva | strI, puruSa ke liye bhoga kI sAmagrI hai aura puruSa, strI ke liye bhoga kI sAmagrI hai isa taraha ina donoM meM dutaraphA bhojyabhojaka bhAva hai / isaliye donoM hI samAna haiM / yaha samAnatA anyatra dekhane meM nahIM AtI / vahA~ eka hI bhojya aura eka hI bhojaka 1 hotA hai aura bhojaka kI pradhAnatA rahatI hai / strIpuruSa meM yaha sambandha dutaraphA hone se anya jar3a yA jar3atulya bhogyoM kI apekSA isameM vizeSatA AtI hai / hamArI kursI ke Upara agara koI dUsarA AdamI baiTha jAya to bhI hamAre aura kursI ke sambandha meM koI pharka na par3egA, parantu agara koI puruSa dUsarI strIse sambandha sthApita karale to pahilI strI se usakA vaha sambandha ( prema Adi ) na raha jAyagA

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120 1 [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA isI prakAra strI ke viSaya meM bhI kahA jAsakatA hai / prema kI yaha zithilatA avizvAsako paidA karatI hai aura isa prakAra yaha zithilatA aura avizvAsa kauTumbika zAntiko barbAda kara dete haiM; itanA hI nahIM kintu inase sabhyase sabhya samAja bhI asabhya bana jAtA hai / dutarafa / bhojyabhojaka bhAva honese yadyapi strI aura puruSa samAnatA batalAI jAtI hai, phira bhI vyaktigata rUpa meM to donoM hI apane ko bhojaka samajhate haiM aura bhojana kI dRSTimeM to bhojya zikAra ke tulya hai / hai / isaliye agara inameM saMyama kI mAtrA na ho to samAja avizvAsa aura bhaya se itanA trasta ho jAya ki use naraka hI kahanA par3e / striyA~ zrRMgArase, saundaryase, chalase, vizvAsaghAta se puruSoM kA zikAra kareM aura puruSa bhI pazuvala tathA chala Adi se striyA kA zikAra kareM | isakA phala yaha ho ki striyoM kA ghara se nikalanA bhI muzkila ho jAya, aura puruSoM ko bhI striyoM se sadA satarka rahanA par3e / na pati ko patnIkA vizvAsa rahe, na patnI kA patikA / ina saba kaSToM se bacane ke liye zIla brahmavarya (dAra santoSa, svAti santoSa) kI atyAvazyakatA hai / svadAra ko chor3akara anya striyoM meM mA~, bahina aura putrI kI bhAvanA aura svapatiko chor3akara anya puruSoM meM pitA bhAI aura putra kI bhAvanA agara ho to pratyeka aura puruSa nirbhayatAkA anubhava kre| jisa samAja ke logoM meM ye pavitra bhAvanAe~ nahIM hotI aura vAsanAoM kA vega tIvra hotA hai arthAt loga nItibhraSTa aura krUra hote haiM, vahIM khiyA~ko cAra

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brahmacarya [121 dobAriyoM meM kaida rahanA par3atA hai, cUMghaTa Adi AvaraNoM meM DhakA rahanA par3atA hai / isase striyoM kA vikAsa ruka jAtA hai aura unakI santAna (khI aura puruSa) manobala Adise zUnya tayA nIca prakRti kI hotI hai / yadi striyoM ke viSaya meM mAtRtva Adi kI bhAvanA aura puruSoM ke viSaya meM pitRtva Adi kI bhAvanA ho to ina anayoM se samAjakA rakSaNa hotA hai| isase jIvana ke vikAsa tathA nirbhayatA, svatantratA aura vizvAsa kA anaMta Ananda milatA hai| isa prakAra brahmacarya ke do prayojana haiM / unakA vicAra karate hue brahmacarya kA pAlana karanA cAhiye / jisa prakAra hiMsA Adi pApoM ke cAra bheda kiye gaye haiM, usI prakAra maithuna ke bhI cAra bheda haiM-saMkalpI, ArambhI, udyogI aura virodhii| saMkalpI-vyavahAra meM jise vyabhicAra kahate haiM, vaha saMkalpI maithuna hai| pati yA patnI kI icchA na rahate hue bhI maithuna karanA saMkalpI maithuna hai / isI prakAra maryAdA se adhika [svAsthyanAzaka] maithuna bhI saMkalpI maithuna hai / yadyapi inakI sAMkalpikatA meM paraspara aMtara hai--saba se adhika sAMkalpikatA vyabhicAra meM haiphira bhI ye hiMsAtmaka, duHkhaprada aura nivArya honese saMkalpI hai| ArambhI-santAnotpatti ke liye yA zArIrika udvegoM ko zAnta karane ke liye jo maryAdita maithuna hai, vaha bhArambhI maithuna hai| dAmpatya jIvana meM yA niyoga kI prathA meM ArambhI maithuna hotA hai|

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122] [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA / . . zaMkA vidhavA vivAhase jo maithuna hotA hai use Ata kisameM zAmila kareMge ! samAdhAna-vidhavA-vivAha ho yA kumArI-vivAha ho, aba strI puruSa binA corI ke tathA svecchApUrvaka eka dUsare ko svIkAra kara lete haiM taba usameM parasrItva yA parapuruSatva raha hI nahIM jAtA ve donoM dampati bana jAte haiN| dAmpatya jIvana kA maithuna to ArambhI maithuna hai yaha pahile kahA jA cukA hai| isa viSaya kA vizeSa vivecana Age bhI kiyA jAyagA / __ zaMkA -vidhavA vivAhako Apa ArambhI maithuna bhale hI kaheM parantu niyogako apa ArammI maithuna kaise kaha sakate haiM, kyoMki nigega meM to vivAha bhI nahIM hotA ? jaba kisI kuTumba meM koI sadhavA strI nahIM rahatI aura vidhavAe~ ni:santAna hotI haiM taba vaMzarakSAke liye una vidhavAoM kA yA vidhavA kA kitI yogya puruSa se saMyoga karAyA jAtA hai ise niyoga kahate haiN| yaha bAta spaSTa hai ki isameM parapuruSa se prayoga karAyA jAtA hai, isaliye ise vyabhicAra kI taraha saMkalpI maithuna hI kahanA cAhiye / samAdhAna --niyoga kI prathA vidhavA-vivAha aura kumarI vivAha kI apekSA bhI adhika pavitra hai / mayukta donoM vivAhoM meM to santAnotpatti Adi ke sAtha maryAdita bhoga-lAlasA bhI hai, parantu niyoga to zuddha vazaMrakSA ke uddeza se hI kiyA jAtA hai| santAnotpatti taka hI vaha sImita hai| mahAbhArata ke anusAra pAMDu dhRtarASTra aura vidura isI prakAra niyoga se paidA hue the| yaha bAta

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brahmacarya ] [123 dUsarI hai ki Aja isa prathA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / aba ta goda lene kA rivAz2a pracalita hai tathA janasaMkhyA bhI bar3ha rahI hai / agara kisI samaya isa prathA kI AvazyakatA ho to ise vyabhicAra kadApi nahIM kaha sakate, vaha ArambhI maithuna hI kahalAyegA | vyabhicAra meM hiMsakatA yA caurya va sanA aura asatya zritatA hai parantu niyoga meM inameM se kucha bhI nahIM hai / isaliye bhI yaha saMkalpI maithuna meM nahIM A sakatA / ke liye adhika se prazna- kisI deza meM vivAha kI prathA aisI ho jisase vivAhita striyoM kA sthAna puruSa kI apekSA nIcA ho jAtA ho. isaliye koI strI isa prakAra strItva kA apamAna karanA svIkAra na kare isaliye, athavA yaha socakara ki saMtAna adhika balidAna to strI ko karanA par3atA hai adhikAMza svAmitva aura nAma puruSa ke jAtA hai isaliye, athavA aura kisI kAraNa se koI strI vivAhita jIvana asvIkAra karake garbhAdhAna mAtra ke liye kisI puruSa se kSamika sambandha sthApita kare to + ise Apa vyabhicAra kareMge yA ArambhI maithuna ! aura saMtAna kA uttara--hiMsakatA yA caurya-vAsanA aura asatyAzritatA Adi vyabhicAra ke doSa yahA~ bhI bilakula nahIM pAye jAte isaliye ise bhI saMkalpa maithuna yA vyabhicAra nahIM kaha sakate / yaha bhI ArammI maithuna hai; zarta yaha hai ki usakA yaha sambanpara-puruSa + kucha varSa hue jatra iMglaiMDa kI eka bAIna - jisakA nAma maiM bhUla gayA hU~ - isI prakAra sambandha kiyA thaa| isa viSayakA usane Andolana khar3A kara diyA thA /

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[jaina-dharma-mImAMsA 124 ] ke sAtha na honA cAhiye / zaMkA- jaba usane vivAha hI nahIM karAyA taba usako svapuruSa kahAM se milegA ? para-puruSa zabda se ApakA kyA matalaba hai ? samAdhAna -- jo puruSa vivAhita hai usake liye apanI patnI ko chor3akara bAkI saba striyAM para-strI haiM, bhale hI vaha vezyA ho, vidhavA ho yA kumArI / isI prakAra jo strI vivAhita hai usake liye apane pati ko chor3akara bAkI sabhI puruSa para-puruSa haiM, bhale hI ve kumAra hoM yA vidhura / parantu avivAhita zrI puruSoM ke liye para-puruSa aura para-strI kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki 'para' yaha sApekSa zabda hai / avivAhitoM ko 'sva' kahane ke liye hI jaba koI nahIM hai taba unake liye 'para' kauna ho sakatA hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai / isaliye aise puruSoM ke liye vahI para- strI hai jo kisI puruSa ke sAtha vivAha sambandha se ba~dhI hai aura aisI avivAhita Adi) strI ke liye vahI para - puruSa hai jo kisI strI ke sAtha vivAha sambandha meM ba~dhA hai / jo avivAhita strI garbhAdhAna karanA cAhe vaha aise puruSa se garbhAdhAna kare jo apatnIka ho / anyathA use para-puruSa sevana kA doSa lagegA / vaha saMkalpa vyabhicAra hogA / 1 prazna- yadi avivAhitoM ko isa prakAra kI chuTTI dI. jAyagI to vivAhita honA koI pasaMda kyoM karegA ! avivAhita rahakara vezyA sevana Adi se vaha svatantratA kA upabhoga kyoM ma karegA ?

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pramacarya [125 uttara- svatantratA kA yaha upabhoga bahuta mahaMgA duHkhada aura ghRNita hai / eka manuSya ghara ke makAna meM rahatA hai aura eka bhAr3e ke makAna meM rahatA hai / bhADevAlA cAhe to hara mahIne makAna badala sakatA hai aura gharU makAnavAlA apane ghara meM ba~dhA hai, parantu gRha svAmI kI apekSA bhAr3ata bananA koI pasanda nahIM karatA / garIbI Adi se yA Arthika lAbha kI dRSTi se bhADetu bananA par3e, yaha dUsarI bAta hai / athavA, koI AdamI ghara meM rahatA hai aura dUsaga kisI ghara meM nahIM rahatA, vaha Aja isa musAphirakhAne meM par3a rahatA hai, kala usa hoTala meM aura parasoM usa dharmazAlA meM / kyA yaha svatantratA sthiravAsI se adhika sukhaprada hai ? mA~gepana kI dRSTi se avivAhita ke liye maithuna kI svatantratA kaSTa-prada hai hii| aise manuSya kA jIvana avyavasthita, azAnta, satata vAsanApUrNa aura adhika parAdhIna rahatA hai / isake atirikta isa svacchandatA meM ghRNitatA bhI rahatA hai kyoMki vezyAsevana Adi meM susaMgati svacchatA Adi nahIM milatI yA nahIM ke barAbara milatI hai| bahuta se kArya aise haiM jinheM hama mUla pApoM meM zAmila nahIM kara sakata, phira bhI ve bahuta ghRNA kI dRSTi se dekhane yogya hote haiM, kyoMki ve apane aura para ko sAkSAt nahIM to paramparA se duHkhaprada hote haiM / eka manuSya durjanoM kI saMgati meM rahe, azuci bhakSaNa kare to usakA yaha kArya hiMsAdi pApoM meM sAkSAt rUpa meM antargata na hogA, phira bhI duHkhaprada aura ghRNita hone se vaha heya hogaa| isI prakAra avivAhita ke vazyA sevana ko saMkalpI vyabhicAra meM zAmila na kara sakane para bhI vaha uparyukta doSoM se pUrNa hone

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126] [jaina dharma-mImAMsA se heya hai| ___hA~, jo bAI avivAhita rahane para bhI sirpha garbhAdhAna ke liye kSaNika sambandha karatI hai, isako vaha vyasana nahIM banAtI, vaha saMkalpI vyabhicAra ke pApa meM nahIM DUbatI / asalI bAta to yaha hai ki isa prazna kA sambandha brahmavarya mImAMsA se utanA nahIM hai jitanA ki samAja meM strI-puruSoM ke adhikAra kI mImAMsA se / santAna ke nirmANa meM jaba atyadhika bhAga mAnA kA hai, taba usapara mAtA kA hI adhika adhikAra kyoM na rahe ? santAna ke nAma ke sAtha pitA kA nAma kyoM rahe, mAtA kA kyoM na rahe ! pitA kA nirNaya karanA to azakyaprAya hai tathA vezyAoM kI aura vidhavAoM kI santAna ke nAma ke sAtha usa ke pitA kA nAma lagAnA nahIM bana sakatA, isaliye vyApakatA kI dRSTi se mAtA kA hI nAma kyoM ne lagAyA jAya ! agara dAyabhAga ke nirNaya ke liye pitA kA nAma lagAyA jAtA hai to dAyabhAga ke niyama isa prakAra pakSapAtapUrNa kyoM haiM ! unheM badalanA kyana cAhiye ! ityAdi aneka samasyAeM haiM jinake sAtha uparyukta samasyA kA sambandha hai / vyabhicAra kA artha sAmAjika vAtAvaraNa ke anukUla. hI lagAyA jA sakatA hai| maithuna ke jisa sambandha ko samAja svIkAra kara letI hai kA vyabhicAra nahIM kahA jA sakatA / itanA hI nahIM kintu sAmAjika vidhi meM koI anyAya mAlUma hotA ho to usako sudhArane ke liye naitika bala se kisI dUsarI vidhi kA avalambana lenA bhI vyabhicAra nahIM hai|

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brahmacarya . [127 - udyogI- saMkalpI maithuna ko bacAkara samAja kI kisI AvazyakatA ko pUrNa karate hue artha lAbha ke liye jo maithuna kiyA jAtA hai, yaha udyogI maithuna hai| vezyAoM kA dhaMdhA isI prakAra kA maithuna hai / yadyapi usameM sAMkalpikatA kA bacAva nahIM kiyA jAtA, isaliye vaha sadoSa hai, phira bhI yaha bacAva kiyA jA sakatA hai / agara yaha bacAtra kiyA jAya to vaha udyogI maithuna kahalAyagA / / '', vezyAoM kA astitva yadyapi samAja kA kalaMka hai, tathApi jabataka samAja meM viSamatA hai aura nyAya kA pUrNa sAmrAjya nahIM hai, taba taka vezyAoM kA honA anivArya hai| itanAhI nahIM kintu agara yaha viSamatA dUra nahIM kI jAya aura nyAya kI rakSA na kI jAya to vezyAoM kA honA Avazyaka bhI hai| vazyAprayA ke astitva meM strI aura puruSa donoM kA hAtha haiN| agara niyoM ko vezyA banane ke liye vivaza na honA par3e to yaha kuprathA naSTa ho sakatI hai, athavA puruSoM ko vezyAoM kI arUrata hI na ho to yaha prathA naSTa ho sakatI hai| abhI taka samAja kI racanA itanI sadoSa hai ki usake liye vezyAe~ Avazyaka ho gaI haiN| hama dekhate haiM ki acche acche yuvaka avivAhita rahate haiM / kumAriyoM kI saMkhyA kama hone se yuvakoM ko triyA~ nahIM miltii| inameM se sabhI yuvaka Ajanma brahmacArI nahIM raha sakate isaliye yaha anivArya hai ki parakhiyoM ke Upara chala , se yA bala se inake AkramaNa ho / unake isa AkramaNa ko rokane ke liye

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128] [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA vezyA prathA kucha samartha ho sakatI hai / idhara triyoM ke Upara bhI samAja kA atyAcAra kama nahIM hai / vaidhavya prApta karane para unheM brahmacarya ke liye vivaza kiyA jAtA hai, jisako ve pAlana nahIM kara sakatI, isase nyabhicAra bar3hatA hai / bAda meM garma rahajAne para vaha bilakula bahiSkRta kara dIjAtI haiM / anta meM vaha girate girate patana kI sImA para pahu~ca kara vezyA bana jAtI hai / isa prakAra samAja kI avyavasthA aura atyAcArazIlatAne eka taraha vezyAoM ke nirmANa kA kArakhAnA khola rakkhA hai aura dUsarI tarapha yuvakoM ko avivAhita rahane ke liye vivaza kara diyA hai| aisI avasthA meM vezyAoM kA honA anivArya hai| vezyAe~ kucha isaliye apanA dhandhA nahIM karatIM ki unheM kAma sukha lUTanA hai kintu isaliye karatI hai ki unheM peTa kI jvAlA zAnta karanA hai| una becAriyoM meM bhUkhoM marane kA sAhasa nahIM hai / isaliye unakA kArya saMkalpI maithuna arthAt byabhicAra na kahalAkara udyogI maithuna kahalAtA hai| isa udyogI maithuna meM sAMkalpikatA kA praveza na honA cAhiye arthAta isameM para-strI-sevana aura para puruSa sevana kA pApa na AnA caahiye| jo puruSa vivAhita hai usake liye vezyA bhI (svastrI se bhinna hone se ) parastrI hai, isaliye vezyAgamana karake vaha vyabhicAra karatA hai, aura vivAhita hone se vezyA ke liye bhI yaha para-puruSa (para dUsarI strI kA puruSa ) hai, isaliye usase sambandha karake vaha bhI vyabhicAriNI hotI hai| jinako anivArya kAraNavaza avivAhita jIvana vyatIna karanA par3atA hai, sirpha unhIM ke liye

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brahmacarya ] [ 129 vezyAoM kI sRSTi hai / isase Age jyoMhI vaha saMbaMdha bar3hA tyoMhI vyabhicAra ho gayA / zaMkA-vivAhita puruSa bezyA sevana se vyabhicArI kahalAve, yaha to ThIka hai kyoMki vaha jAnatA hai ki 'maiM vivAdita hU~' / paraMtu vezyA to nahIM jAnatI ki 'yaha puruSa vivAhita hai yA avivAhita ' isaliye usakA kyA doSa ? samAdhAna - vezyA ke liye isa viSaya meM kucha asuvidhA jarUra hai, parantu zuddha mana se use isa bAta kI jAMca karanA cAhiye aura patA laga jAne para usako pAsa na Ane denA cAhiye, aura usase apatnIka hone kA vacana le lenA cAhiye | zakya upAyoM ke kara lene para bhI agara boI dhokA de mAya to vezyA vyabhicAra ke doSa se mukta rahegI, sirpha puruSa hI vyabhicArI kahalAyegA | zaMkA- taba to yezyA apanA dhaMdhA karate huye bhI agara vivAhita puruSoM se saMbaMdha na rakkhe to paMca aNuvrata le sakatI hai / samAdhAna - jo vRtti samAja kI kisI anivArya aura ahiMsaka AvazyakatA kA phala hai use karate hue aNuvratoM meM bAdhA nahIM par3a sakatI / isaliye uparyukta viveka rakhane vAlI vezyA bhI agara cAhe to pAMca aNuvratoM kA pAlana kara sakatI hai 1 vezyA kA dhaMdhA saMkalpI maithuna na hone para bhI vaha kisI samAja kI zobhA nahIM hai, balki vaha kalaMka hai - samAja kI avyavasthA kA sUcaka hai / isaliye aise sAdhanoM ko ekatrita karanA cAhiye jisase isa prathA kI jarUrata hI na rhe| isake liye nimna

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13.] [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA likhita upAya kAma meM lenA cAhiye / ka-samAja kA pratyeka puruSa aura strI vivAhita ho isa liye vivAha kI pUrNa svatantratA honA cAhiye, isameM jAti-pA~ti kA tathA vidhavA-kumArI kA vicAra na rakkhA jAya / kha-vivAhotsava kA kharca itanA kama ho ki paise ke abhAva se kisI kA vivAha na ruka sake / ga-jisa manuSya kI AmadanI itanI adhika nahIM hai ki vaha saMtAna kA pAlana kara sake to vaha kRtrima upAyoM se santAna nigraha kre| gha-vidhavAoM ko kisI bhI hAlata meM samAja se bAhira na kiyA jAya / agara vaha brahmacarya se na raha sakatI ho yA na raha sakI ho to usake punarvivAha kA Ayojana kiyA jAya / u-vyabhicAra ke kArya meM vyabhicArajAta santAnakA koI aparAdha nahIM hai, isaliye unakA darjA vaisA hI sasamA jAya jaisA ki anya santAna kA samajhA jAtA hai| ca--agara koI vidhavA AjIvikA se duHkhI ho to use AjIvikA dI jAya, jisase vaha peTa ke liye vezyA na bne| isa prakAra agara eka tarapha puruSoM ko vezyA kI AvazyakatA na rahegI, dUsarI tarapha niyoM ko peTa ke liye isa ghRNita vyApAra kI AvazyakatA na rahegI taba yaha nyApAra bhApa hI Apa uTha jaaygaa| virodhI-AtmarakSA yA AtmIya rakSA ke liye yadi

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brahmacarya vyabhicAra karanA par3e to vaha virodhI vyabhicAra kahalAyagA / agara yuddha ke samaya koI strI jAsUsa kA kAma kara rahI hai aura isa kArya meM vaha zatru kA gupta rahasya tabhI jAna sakatI hai, jaba vaha zatru pakSa ke kisI aphasara ke sAtha prema kA nATya kare, aisI avasthA meM jo vyabhicAra hogA vaha virodhI vyabhicAra hogA / yadi kisI strI ko kisI atyAcArIne kaida kara liyA hai aura agara vaha usakI icchA tRpta nahIM karatI to vaha usake bacce ko mAra DAlatA hai, aisI avasthA meM agara vaha vyabhicAra karatI hai to usakA yaha kArya AtmIya rakSA ke liye hone se virodhI * vyabhicAra hai| isI prakAra prANarakSA ke liye bhI virodhI vyabhicAra ho sakatA hai| prazna-sIta! Adi satiyoM ne Atma rakSA ko parvAha na karake satItva kI rakSA kI, usI prakAra pratyeka bI ko kyoM na karanA cAhiye ? athavA kama se kama usa strI ko avazya karanA cAhiye jisane aNuvrata liye haiN| aNuvrata-dhAriNI ko bhI Apa itanI chUTa deM taba satItra Akhira rahegA kahA~ ! sItA Adi ke jIvana to durlabha hI ho jAyage / uttara- sItA Adi ne jo prANoM kI bAjI lagAkara stItva rakSA kI, vahA~ satItva kA prazna mukhya nahIM hai kintu vaha atyAcAra ke Age satyAgraha nAmaka mahAzana kA upayoga hai / agara rAvaNa ne balAtkAra kiyA zetA to mahAsatI sItAjI ke brahmaparya vrata ko z2arA bhI dhakA na lagatA, athavA durbhAgyavaza bhagara rAvaNa ne

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132] [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA rAmacandrajI ko qaida kara liyA hotA aura vaha unheM chor3ane ke liye sirpha isI zarta para taiyAra hotA ki sItA rAvaNa kI icchA pUrI kare aura pati-rakSA ke liye sItAjI ne rAvaNa kA prastAva svIkAra kara liyA hotA to sItAjI kA brahmacaryANuvrata kabhI bhaMga na hotA / bhagavatI sItA ne lokottara dRr3hatA kA paricaya diyA isaliye unake viSaya meM aisI kalpanA karate bhI saMkoca hotA hai, parantu agara koI dUsarI strI isa prakAra dRr3hatA kA paricaya na de sake to hama usa kI ginatI vIrAGganAoM meM bhale hI na kareM parantu use caritra-bhraSTa yA asaMyamI nahIM kaha sakate / vyabhicAra kisa vAsanA kA phala hai, isakA vicAra karane para yaha bAta bilakula spaSTa ho jAyagI / vyabhicAra meM samAja ke 1 Upara eka prakAra kA AkramaNa kiyA jAtA hai, dUsare ke kuTumba ke bandhana ko zithila banAyA jAtA hai, kauTumbika jIvana vizvAsazUnya aura azAnta banAyA jAtA hai aura ina saba kAryoM ke liye koI bhI naitika avalambana nahIM hotA; jaba ki virodhI maithuna meM ye saba bAteM nahIM hotI / vyabhicAra jisa prakAra kAma vAsanA kI utkaTatAamaryAditA kA pariNAma hai, usa prakAra uparyukta virodhI maithuna nahIM / 1 zaMkA- kyA isa chUTa kA durupayoga na hogA ? kyA isa kI oTa meM vAstavika vyabhicAra na chupAyA jAyagA ! samAdhAna - chupAne ko manuSya kisakI oTa meM kyA nahIM chupA sakatA ? dekhanA itanA cAhiye ki chUTa ke bhItara pApa ko pakar3ane ke paryApta sAdhana haiM ki nahIM ? udAharaNArtha koI strI vyabhicAra karake

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aparigraha ] [ 133 agara yaha kahe ki yaha virodhI maithuna hai to use apane isa kAma ko balAtkAra siddha karanA par3egA aura usa puruSa ko zatru batAnA par3egA | parantu svecchApUrvaka kiye gaye isa kArya meM aisA honA atyanta kaThina hai / maithuna ke ina cAra bhedoM ke balAbala para avazya vicAra karanA cAhiye | sukha zAMti ke liye brahmacarya Adarza hai, parantu samAja saMrakSaNa ke liye amuka sImA taka maithuna bhI Avazyaka hai 1 donoM kA samanvaya karake brahmacarya kA pAlana karanA cAhiye, tathA dravyakSetra kAlabhAva ke vicAra ko na bhUlanA cAhiye | apanI zakti aura svatantratA kI tathA dUsaroM ke adhikAroM kI rakSA ke kiye liye brahmacarya upayogI hai / 1 aparigraha sAdhANa loga parigraha ko pApa nahIM mAnate, valki una kI dRSTi meM jo jitanA bar3A parigrahI hai vaha utanA hI bar3A puNyAtmA hai, AdaraNIya bhI hai| dhana aura dhanavAnoM kI mahimA se samasta jagata kA sAhitya bharA par3A hai, duniyA~ ke bar3e bar3e rAjya zAsana - cAhe ve prajAtaMtra hoM yA eka taMtra aura bar3e bar3e vidvAna - bhale hI ve bAta-bAta meM dharma ke hI gIta gAte hoM, prAyaH sabhI dhanavAnoM ke izAroM para nAcate rahe haiM aura nAcate haiM / Aja 'bar3A AdamI' zabda kA bahu- pracalita aura sugama artha 'zrImAna' hai / jo dhana sarva - zaktimAna ke sthAna para virAjamAna hai usa ke saMgraha ko pApa kahanA aura usake tyAga ko vrata saMyama Adi

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134 ] kahanA vicAraNIya to avazya hai 1 [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA 'parigraha pApa hai ' - isa siddhAnta kI chApa logoM para itanI avazya baiThI hai ki ve isa siddhAnta kA maukhika virodha nahIM karate, parantu mana meM aura vyavahAra meM isa siddhAnta para jarA bhI vizvAsa nahIM rakhate / isa viSamatA kA kAraNa kyA hai, yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai / isa siddhAnta ke viSaya meM yaha bhI eka prazna hai ki aba parigraha meM hiMsA nahIM hai, jhUTha nahIM hai, corI nahIM hai arthAt yadi kisI ne ImAnadArI se dhana paidA kiyA hai to usakA saMgraha pApa kyoM hai ? hA~, agara paisA beImAnI se, corI se yA krUratA se paidA kiyA gayA hai to avazya pApa hai / parantu usa samaya use parigraha - pApa nahIM kaha sakate vaha to hiMsA, jhUTha yA caurya pApa kahA jA sakatA hai / matalaba yaha ki zuddha parigraha - ImAnadArI se ekatrita kiyA huA dhana - pApa kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ? ina saba samasyAoM para prakAza DAlane ke liye hameM parigraha para mUla se hI vicAra karanA par3egA ki parigraha kyoM aura kaise AmA ? usase jagat kI hAni kyA hai ? parigraha kise kahate haiM ? isaka bhI apavAda hai yA nahIM ? haiM to kyA ? ityAdi / jaba manuSya vanya-jIvana vyatIta karatA thA, bandaroM kI taraha svatantratA se vicaraNa karatA thA, prAkRtika phala-phUloM se apanI saba AvazyakatAe~ pUrI kara letA thA; jaina- zAtroM ke zabdoM meM jaba manuSya bhoga-bhUmi ke yuga meM thA, taba vaha parigrahI nahIM thA / prAkRtika sampatti adhika thI aura manuSya saMkhyA tathA usa

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aparigraha [135 kI AvazyakatAe~ thoDI thIM / taba parigraha kI jarUrata hI kyA thI ? taba khAne ke liye use mana cAhe phala milate the, patra aura puSpa usake zRMgAra the, bambUla Adi kI phalI tathA bA~surI vagairaha usake bAditra the, balkala ke vastra the, parvata kI kandarAe~ aura vRkSoM kI khoheM usake makAna the, aneka vRkSoM kA mAdaka-rasa pIkara vaha madya sevana karatA thA / jaba isa taraha caina se gujaratI thI taba vaha saMgraha karane ke jhagar3e meM kyoM par3atA ! parantu isa zAnti kA bhI anta AyA / jana saMkhyA bar3hane lagI, ruci aura buddhi kA bhI vikAsa huA / aba kRtrima vastra, kRtrima gRha Adi kI racanA huI / isa prakAra se samAja meM atyanta krAntikArI yugAntara upasthita huA / pahile to prAkRtika sampatti ke hissA bA~Ta se hI kAma cala gayA parantu pIche aura bhI aneka vidhi-vidhAnoM kI AvazyakatA huI / aba manuSya prAkRtika sampatti se hI guz2ara na kara sakA, use parizrama bhI karanA par3A / idhara AvazyakatAe~ yahA~ taka bar3hI aura itane taraha kI bar3hI ki eka manuSya se apanI sArI AvazyakatAe~ pUrI na ho sakI / isaliye kArya kA vibhAga kara diyA gayA / isa prakAra manuSya pUrA sAmAjika prANI bana gayA / __parantu saba manuSyoM kI yogyatA aura ruci barAbara nahIM thii| koI parizramI the, koI svabhAva se kucha ArAmatalaba / koI buddhimAn the, koI sAdhAraNa / jo parizramI the, balavAna the, buddhimAn the, ve adhika aura asAdhAraNa kAma kara sakate the, isaliye yaha svAbhAvika pA ki ve apane kArya kA adhika mUlya mA~geM Ara yaha ucita bhI thaa| isa prakAra ke adhika mUlya cukAne ke do hI upAya ye-eka

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136] ( jaina dharma-mImAMsA to yaha ki usane jitanA adhika kAma kiyA hai usake badale meM usakA kucha adhika kAma kara diyA jAya / udAharaNArtha, agara vaha adhika parizrama karane se thaka gayA hai to usake zarIra meM mAliza kara diyA jAya, leTane ke liye dUsaroM kI apekSA acchA palaMga Adi diyA jAya Adi; dusarA upAya yaha thA ki usase dUsare dina kAma na liyA jAya aura use bhogopabhoga kI sAmagrI dUsare dina bhI dI jAya / basa, yahIM se parigraha kA prArambha hotA hai / koI koI loga kahane lage ki amuka manuSya ko eka dina ke kAma meM agara do dina kI sAmagrI dI gaI hai to merA kAma to usase bahuta acchA hai, maiM cAra dina kI lUgA / isa prakAra yaha saMkhyA bar3hatI hI gii| dUsarI tarapha eka anartha aura huaa| logoM ne yaha socA ki eka dina kAma karake cAra dina Agama karane kI apekSA yaha kahIM acchA hai ki dasa bIsa varSa kAma kara ke zeSa jIvana ArAma kiyA jAya / parantu marane kA to kucha nizcaya na thA, isaliye loga jindagI-bhara saMgraha karane lge| khaira, yahA~ taka bhI kucha harja nahIM thA, agara ve loga isa saMgrahIta dhana ko bhoga DALate yA marate samaya samAja ko hI de jAte / parantu isI samaya manuSya ke hRdaya meM anaMta jIvana kI lAlasA jAgRta haI / usane apane sthAna para putra ko sthApita kiyA aura apanI saMgrahIta saMpatti use de dii| kahane ko to yaha kAma kAnUnI thA parantu isa kAnUna kI jo maMzA thI usakI isameM pUrI hatyA ho gaI thI / samAja ke vidhAna kI maMzA to yaha thI ki jisane apanI yogyatAse adhika

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aparigraha] [137 mUlya kI sevA kI hai vaha dUsaroM se [arthAta samAja se adhika sevA lele| parantu use dUsaroM se sevA lene kA adhikAra thA, na ki unakI jIvana nirvAha kI sAmagrI ko chInane kA yA dabA lene kaa|| jina logoM ne adhika sevA kI, unakA yaha kahanA thA ki hamane adhika sevA kI hai, isake badale meM hameM kucha pramANa-patra to milanA cAhiye, jisako dekara hama samAja ke kisI sadasya se icchAnusAra utane mUlya kI sevA le sakeM / samAja ne kahA-acchA pramANa-patra ke rUpa meM tuma apane pAsa adhika sAmagrI rakha lo, jo koI tumhArI sevA kare usako tuma yaha de denA / isa prakAra samAja ne jo sAmagrI dI thI, vaha sirpha isaliye ki vaha apanI sevA ke badale meM sevA le sake, na ki isaliye ki vaha sadA ke liye usa sAmagrI ko rakhale, bhale hI usake binA dUsare bhUkhe marate rheN| yaha to eka prakAra se vizvAsaghAta aura hiMsA hai| zaMkA-jisa jamAne meM sampatti kA saMgraha anna, cana, gAya, bhaiMsa, jamIna Adi meM kiyA jAtA thA usa z2amAne meM saMgraha karanevAlA avazya pApI thA kyoMki vaha dUsaroM kI jIvana-nirvAha sAmagrI lekara lauTAne kI koziza nahIM karatA thA, jisase dUsare bhUkhoM marate the / parantu jaba dhana kA saMgraha cA~dI, sonA, hIrA Adi meM hone lagA, yA iMDiyoM, noToM meM hone lagA taba koI saMgraha kare to kyA hAni bhI ! sonA, cA~dI, noda Adi to khAne-pIne kI cIz2a nahIM hai isaliye unakA koI kitanA bhI saMgraha karale, usase kisI kA kyA nukasAna hai ! .

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138] (jaina-dharma-mAmAMsA samAdhAna--jIvanopayogI vastuoM kA saMgraha karanA yA unako prApta karane ke sAdhanoM kA saMgraha karanA eka hI bAta hai / vyavahAra kI sugamatA ke liye bhAgopabhoga kI vastuoM ke sthAna meM cA~dI-sonA yA usake sikke yA noTa vagairaha sthApita kara liye jAte haiM, isAleye sikkA Adi kA mUlya mUla vastuoM ke samAna hI hai| siko yA noToM kA saMgraha jaba eka jagaha ho jAtA hai taba dUsaroM ko ve nahIM mila pAte, isaliye dUsare loga bhAgopabhoga kI sAmagrI kyA dekara prApta kareM ! isaliye kisI bhI rUpa meM dhana kA saMgraha kiyA jAya, vaha dUsaroM ke nyAyocita adhikAroM ko chaunatA hai, isaliye pApa hai| zaMkA-yadi parigraha ko pApa mAnA jAyagA taba to samAja kA vikAsa hI ruka jAyagA / agara dhana-saMcaya kA pralobhana na raha nAyagA to koI asAdhAraNa kArya kyoM karegA ! phira to kisI bhI taraha ke AviSkAra na ho sakeMge aura manuSya jaGgalI hI raha jAyagA uttara-saMyamI manuSya to binA kisI pralobhana ke kartavyavaza samAja kI unnati ke liye asAdhAraNa kArya karatA hai| phira bhI yaha ThIka hai ki aise saMyamI ine-gine hI hote haiM isaliye pralobhana Avazyaka hai| isake liye yaha ucita hai ki jo vasAdhAraNa kAma kare, use tadanusAra hI asAdhAraNa dhana diyA jaay| parantu usakA kartavya hai ki vaha yA to usa dhana kA dAna kara de athavA bhoga karale . pahile mArga se use yaza milegA, dUsare se kAma-sukha / donoM hI mArga se dhana dUsaroM ke sAtha meM pahu~ca kara uneM

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aparigraha] [19 mukhI karegA, bekArI aura garIbI dUra kregaa| zaMkA - dhana ke bhoga karane kI bAta kahakara Apa manuSya ko viSaya kA gulAma banAte hai / eka manuSya dhana paidA karane ke sAtha agara sAvika jIvana vyatIta karanA cAhatA hai, mauja-zauka kI cIz2oMkA upayoga nahIM karanA cAhatA to kyA burA karatA hai ! samAdhAna--mUlavata kI rakSA na karate hue uttarabata kA pAlana karanA vrata kI dRSTi se mRtaka zarIra ke zrRMgAra kI taraha hai| zrRMgAra acchI cIz2a bhale hI ho parantu murde kA zrRMgAra kisa kAma kA ! isI prakAra jaba taka malabata apastriha nahIM hai taba taka bhogopabhoga parimANa nAmaka uttarabata kA kucha mUlya nahIM hai / bhaugopabhoga sAmagrI kA parimANa karane kA yA lAga karane kA yahI uddezya hai ki bacI huI sAmagrI dUsaroM ke kAma Ave, parantu aparigraha bata kA pAlana kiye binA isa uddezya kI siddhi ho hI nahIM sakatI. kyoM ki usa sAmagrI ko prApta karane kA upAya jo dhana hai vaha to usane dabA rakkhA hai / taba bhogopabhoga kI sAmagrI kA upayoga na karane para bhI vaha dUsare ko kaise milegI ! isa prakAra yaha vrata niSprANa ho gayA hai / taba bhomopabhoga parimANa ke dvArA isa niSprANa bata ke samhAla-bhRGgAra se kNa lAbha hai ! yahI kAraNa hai ki jainazAkhoM ne bhogopabhoga parimANa ko mUlavatoM meM nahIM ginA, ise aparigraha-bata kA sirpha sahAyaka kahA hai / mahAtmA mahAvIra ne parigraha aura bhopabhoga parimANavata meM jo sthAnabheda batalAyA hai aura aparigraha ko jo mahatvapUrNa sthAna diyA hai isase unakI arthazAba marmajJatA sAbita hotI hai / isIliye unane mauja-zauka kI

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1..] jina-dharma-mImAMsA apekSA dhana ke saMgrahameM adhika pApa batalAyA hai / ise mUla pApa meM ginA hai| zaMkA-yadi arthika dRSTi se do AdamI eka sarIkhe hoM to mauja-zauka se jIvana vitAnevAlA ApakI dRSTi meM acchA kahalAyA / parantu isa taraha saMyama kI avahelanA karanA kyA ucita samAdhAna--yadi donoM ImAnadArI se dhana paidA karate hoM, donoM kI aihika AvazyakatAe~ samAna ho to ina donoM meM jo rUkhA sUkhA Adi khAkara bAhya saMyama pAlatA hai aura usase jo paise kI bacata hotI hai usakA saMgraha karatA hai, usakI apekSA vaha acchA hai jo AI huI lakSmI kA saMgraha karane kI apekSA ucita bhAgoM meM use kharca kara DAlatA hai / hA~, agara usameM bhoga-lAlasA itanI bar3ha jAya ki vaha usake liye pApa bhI karane lage yA usameM kaSTasahiSNutA na rahe to vaha pApI kahalAyagA / parantu aparigraha kI dRSTi se nahIM, kintu anya pApoM kI dRSTi se / spaSTatA ke liye maiM yahA~ chaH zreNI kiye detA hU~: 1-jo manuSya samAja kI sevA meM apanA sarvastra lagA detA hai, badale meM samAja se kucha nahIM letA kintu pUrvopArjita dhana se nirvAha karatA hai, athavA jIvana-nirvAha ke yogya sAmagrI letA hai. kintu saMgraha kucha nahIM karatA, vaha prathama zreNI kA aparigrahI hai| isa zreNI meM mahAvIra, buddha, IsA Adi Ate haiN| " 2-jo manuSya samAja kI khaba sevA karatA hai aura usake badale meM niyamAnusAra yathocita pana letA hai, sAdhAraNa gRhastha kI

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aparigraha [141 taraha jIvana nirvAha karake bacI huI sampatti zubha-dAna meM lagA detA hai - yaha dUsare nambara kA aparigrahI hai| 3-samAjako mevA karake yathocita dhana lenegalA (dUsarI zreNI ke samAna) agara isa Azaya se dhana kA saMgraha karatA hai ki isase maiM bhaviSya meM apanA jIvana nirvAha karatA huA binA kisI badale ke samAja kI sevA karU~gA, apane jIvana-nirvAha kA bojha bhI samAja para na DAlUMgA, marane ke bAda merI grahIta sampatti samAja kI hI hogI, to yaha tIsarI zreNI kA aparigrahI banatA hai / 4-nyAya-mArga se dhana paidA karanevAlA bhoga karake apane aura apanI santAna ke liye dhana kA itanA saMgraha karatA hai jitanA usa kI santAna kI zikSA aura santAna kI nAbAliga avasthA meM jIvana-nirvAha ke liye Avazyaka hai, to vaha cauthI zreNI kA aparigrahA hai| 5-pUrvajoM se uttarAdhikAritva meM use bahuta dhana milA huA hai isaliye usake pAsa dhana kA saMgraha hai / aba vaha isameM jitanA bar3hAtA hai utanA kisI na kisI ucita upAya se kharca kara DAlatA hai, mUladhana ko bhI zubha-dAna meM lagAtA hai, vaha pA~cavI zreNI kA aparigahI hai| 6-pA~cavI zreNI kA aparigrahI agara mUladhana ko saMgrahIta rakhatA hai kintu bAkI AmadanI kharca kara DAlatA hai to vaha chaTThI zreNI kA aparigrahI hai| ' . uparyukta sabhI zrerNAvAle samAja ko sampatti bar3hAne ke liye udyoga dhandhoM ke nyAyocita pracAra meM pUrNa sahayoga kara sakate

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144] [jainadharma mImAMsA uttara- jainazAstra sAmyavAda ke virodhI nahIM, kintu usake pUrNa poSaka haiM / jainazAstroM meM jo pahile, dUsare, tIsare (ArA) kAla kI kalpanA kI gaI hai aura jo sabase acchA yuga batalAyA gayA hai, vaha pUrNa sAmyavAdI hai / isI prakAra svarga loka ke bhI do bheda haiM--eka to sAmrAjyavAdI, dUsare pUrNa sAmyavAdI / sAmrAjyavAdI saudharma Adi svargoM ke devoM kI apekSA pUrNa sAmyavAdI gaiveyaka Adi ke devoM kA sthAna bahuta ucca hai / ve sabhyatA, zikSA, zAnti, zakti, sukha Adi meM mAmrAjyavAdI devoM se bahuta baDhe car3he haiM / sAmrAjyavAdI devoM kA samrATa indra bhI unakI barAbarI nahIM kara sakatA / isase itanA to mAlUma hotA hai ki sukhamaya-samAja kA pUrNa Adarza sAmyavAda hai / parantu yaha sAmyavAda samAja ke vyaktiyoM kI yogyatA aura nisvArthatA para nirbhara hai / samAja agara mUr3ha aura svArthI ho to sAmyavAda mahAmakara ho jAtA hai / vaha yA to samAja ko naraka banA detA hai yA sAmrAjyavAda yA rAjyavAda meM pariNata kara detA hai / parantu isa prakAra kA durupayoga to pratyeka guNa kA hotA hai yA ho sakatA hai, isIliye vaha guNa heya nahIM ho jAtA / sirpha yogyatA kA vicAra karanA cAhiye / samAja kI yogyatA aura nisvArthatA kA vicAra karake mAtrA se adhika nahIM, phira bhI adhika se adhika sAmyavAda kA pracAra karanA cAhiye / sAmyavAda aura aparigraha-vrata kA yaha uddezya nahIM hai ki manuSya pazu kI taraha ho jAya kintu yaha uddezya hai ki dUsare loga apanI nyAyocita suvidhAoM se vaMcita rahakara bhUkhoM na mreN| samAja ke pAsa jitanI sampatti hai use dekhate hue jitanA mAga hamAre hisse

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aparigraha ] [ 145 kA hai athavA kartavya ko pUrA karane ke liye jo hameM Avazyaka hai usakA upabhoga aura saMgraha karane meM koI parigrahI nahIM kahalAtA ; kintu anAvazyaka tathA apane hisse se bahuta adhika saMgraha karanA parigraha hai / eka hI samAna bAhya parigraha rakhane para bhI eka samaya aura eka jagaha parigraha kA pApa ho sakatA hai aura dUsare samaya aura dUsarI jagaha nhiiN| jaba kAma adhika ho aura karanevAle kama ho taba bhogopabhoga kI jitanI sAmagrI kisI ko parigrahI banA sakatI hai utanI bekArI ke z2amAne meM nahIM banA sakatI / jaba kAma kama aura karanevAle adhika hote haiM aura ve bekAra phirate haiN| taba bhogopabhoga kI cIjoM kA adhika saMgraha kiyA jA sakatA hai / matalaba yaha ki samAja kI paristhiti ke Upara parigraha aura aparigraha kI mAtrA avalambita hai / DhAI hajAra varSa pahile muni jitane upakaraNa rakha sakatA thA, Aja usase kaI guNe upakaraNa rakhakara bhI aparigrahI ho sakatA hai| hA~, usake Upara anAvazyaka svAmitva na honA cAhiye; isaliye aparigraha vrata meM saMgraha-mAtra kA niSedha nahIM hai, kintu usake mAtrAdhikya kA niSedha hai / jagaha jagaha saMgraha karane kI AvazyakatA tabhI hotI hai jaba eka tarapha atyaMta kaGgAlI ho / yadi sabhI ko nyAyocita sAdhana mile to kisI ke pAsa adhika saMgraha ho isakI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? yadi koI sArvajanika bar3A-sA kArya karanA ho to isake liye sarakAra ke pAsa sArvajanika koSa hotA hai, usakA upayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai yA saba loga milakara vaha kArya kara sakate haiM, aura jalAzayoM kI upamA yahA~ bhI lAgU ho sakatI hai / jalAzayoM kA honA

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146] [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA acchA hai parantu usake Upara vyakti vizeSa kI ThekedArI honA hI duHkhada hai / vivaza hokara yaha vyavasthA apanAnA par3e yaha ThIka hai, parantu ise Adarza nahIM kaha sakate / saphala sAmyavAdI samAja meM zrImAnoM kA aura dAnavIroM kA jitanA abhAva hotA hai usase bhI bar3A abhAva unakI AvazyakatA kA hotA hai / dAniyA~kA honA acchA hai parantu bhikhamaMgoM kA na honA isase hamAra guNA acchA hai| abhI taka ke vivecana se itanI bAta samajha meM A gaI hogI ki parigraha kisa prakAra anyAya hai, vizvAsa ghAta Adi doSa usa meM kisa prakAra jar3a jamAye baiThe haiM, samAja ke asalI dhyeya ko vaha kisa prakAra naSTa karatA hai / parantu isameM abhI eka aura bhayaMkara doSa hai jo ki aneka AtyAcAroM ko janma detA hai| pahile kahA jA cukA hai ki hameM adhika sevA karake adhika sevA lene kA hI adhikAra hai, usake pramANapatra rUpa jo sampatti samAja ne hamAre pAsa rakkhI hai usako anizcitakAla ke liye dabA rakhane kA nahIM / agara hama dabA rakhate hai to vizvAsaghAta karate haiM / parantu yaha vizvAsaghAta usa samaya eka prakAra ke atyAcAra meM pariNata ho jAtA hai, jaba hama usa saMgrahIta dhana ko bhI dhanArjana kA upAya banA lete haiM / hamako jo dhana milA hai vaha sevA ke badale meM milA hai| sevA ke badale meM dhana lenA ucita hai parantu hamAre pAsa dhana hai isaliye binA sevA kiye hI hameM aura dhana do, yaha kahanA anucita hai| parantu hotA yahI hai / hama makAna banavAkara jo usake bhAI se AmadanI karate haiM, kArakhAnoM ke zeyara (hisse) lekara yA byAja para rupaye dekara jo

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aparigraha ] [ 147 AmadanI karate haiM, vaha anucita hai / itanA hI nahIM kintu jisa byApAra kI AmadanI hamArI yogyatA aura zrama kA phala nahIM kintu pU~jI kA phala hai, vaha AmadanI bhI anucita hai / yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki isa prathA kA sarvathA bahiSkAra karanA azakya hai, parantu haiM yaha anyAya arthAt pApa hI / yaha pApa yahA~ jAkara hI nahIM aTakatA parantu Age calakara yaha bar3e bar3e atyAcAroM ko janma detA hai / usase sAmrAjya nahIM kintu sAmrAjyavAda rUpI eka bhayaMkara rAkSama paidA hotA hai jisa 1 lelina kA mata hai ki sAmrAjyavAda vaha Arthika avasthA he jo pU~jIvAda ke vikAsa ke samaya paidA hotI hai usakI pA~ca vizeSatAe~ yA doSa haiM / (2) pUrNa adhikAroM ko sthApanA (3) katipaya mahAjanoM kA Adhipatya ( 3 ) pU~jI ka' niryAta ( 4 ) antarrASTrIya Arthika guToM kA nirmANa ( 5 ) Arthika dRSTi se dezoM kA baTavArA | jaba bahuta bar3I pU~jI lagAkara koI vyApAra kiyA jAtA hai taba usake liye bar3e kSetra kI AvazyakatA hotI hai parantu dUra ke kSetroM meM dUsare pU~jIpati apanA sthAna jamA baiThate haiM isaliye ina logoM meM khUba pratiyogitA hone lagatI hai / isase inakI Arthika lUTa bahuta kama ho jAtI hai / taba ye Apasa meM milakara eka guTa banA lete haiN| jo vyApArI inake guTa meM zAmila nahIM honA cAhatA usake viruddha Arthika lar3AI cher3a dI jAtI hai, jisase yA to vaha inake guTa meM A jAtA hai athavA miTa jAtA hai / isa prakAra vyApAra ke Upara amuka guTa kA

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148] [jainadharma-mImAMsA ke dA~toM ke nIce karoDoM manuSya pisa jAte haiM. pisate rahate haiM / itihAsa ke bahuta se panne isI prakAra kI kAlI kathAoM me bhare par3e haiM / isI ke liye upanivezoM kI racanA hotI hai / upaniveza pUrNAdhipatya sthApita ho jAtA hai| kisI gA~va meM eka hI dukAnadAra ho to vaha kisa prakAra manamAnI lUTa karegA, isase hama isa pUrNadhikAra kI bhayaMkaratA ko samajha sakate haiM / ye guTa bar3I bhArI pU~jI aura vyApaka kSetra ke kAraNa eka vizAla-kAya daitya sarIkhe hote haiM / isa prakAra ke do guToM meM jaba bhiDanta hotI hai taba paristhiti vikaTa ho jAtI hai aura kabhI kabhI to do rASTroM ke bIca meM yuddha chir3a jAtA hai / ina guToM meM bala to pU~jI kA rahatA hai, isaliye mahAjanoM kA Adhipatya ho jAtA hai / mahAjanoM ke pAsa jaba itanA rupayA ikaTThA ho jAtA hai ki unake baiMka acchA byAja paidA nahIM kara pAte taba baiMkoM kA rupayA vyApAra meM lagA diyA jAtA hai / isa prakAra deza ke vyApAra para baiMkoM kA arthAt baiMkoM ke mAlikoM-zrImAnoMkA gajya ho jAtA hai| deza ke bhItara vyApAra mukhya vastu hone se ye loga usa deza ke vAstavika zAsaka ho jAte haiM / jaba dhana, dhana ko paidA karane lagatA hai taba pU~jIvAda kA cakra eka deza ke bhItara hI sImita nahIM rahatA kintu pUMjI bAhara bhejI jAne lagatI hai, kyoMki deza meM kAfI pUMjI laga jAne se aura adhika pU~jI lagAne kI guMjAyaza nahIM rahatI taba pU~jIpati loga videzoM meM pU~jI bhejane lagate haiM aura isa prakAra byAja kI apekSA kaI guNI AmadanI karate haiM / jina dezoM

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aparigraha ] [149 pahile bhI hote the; parantu upaniveza sthApanA ke pahile dhyeya aura aba ke dhyeya meM jamIna AsamAna kA antara hai / pahile to loga jIvana nirvAha ke liye basa jAte the, parantu aba to pU~jI lagAkara paisA paidA karane ke liye upaniveza banAye jAte haiM / isake liye meM yaha pU~jI lagAI jAtI hai unake pAsa adhika pU~jI hotI nahIM hai isaliye naphA ke badale vahA~ prakRtika aura Avazyaka vastue~ pU~jIpati dezoM ke pAsa pahu~catI haiM / yaha eka taraha kI sabhya DakaitI hai / isa prakAra pU~jI kA prabhAva kSetra jaba rASTra ke bAhara bhI ho jAtA hai, taba pratiyogitAse bacane liye jisa prakAra rASTra ke bhItara Arthika guTa banAye jAte the usI prakAra rASTra ke bAhara bhI antarrASTrIya Arthika guTa banAye jAne lagate haiN| aura isake bAda amuka guTa amuka deza ko lUTe aura amuka amuka ko, isa prakAra saMsAra ke dezoM kA baTavArA kara liyA jAtA hai / isa baTavAre ke liye bhayaMkara yuddha taka kiye jAte haiN| jo deza yA jo vyApArI lohe ke kArakhAnoM meM yA bArUda Adi visphoTaka padArthoM ke kArakhAnoM meM pUMjI lagAte haiM ve isa bAta kI ceSTA karate haiM ki kisI prakAra yuddha ho / dhanika hone ke kAraNa inakA prabhAva bahuta hotA hai, pracAra karane ke sAdhana bhI ina ke pAsa bahuta adhika hote haiM isaliye ye loga dezabhakti Adi ke nAma para janatA ko uttejita kara lar3A dete haiM / loga burI mauta marate haiM kintu inakA vyApAra camakatA hai|

Page #158
15.] (jainadharma mImAMsA dusarI prajAoM ko pazuoM kI mauta* maranA par3atA hai / saMsAra ke sabhya se sabhya aura zAnti priya deza parAdhIna banAye jAte haiM ! aura * kAMgo ( AphrikA ) jaba belajiyama kA upaniveza banAyA gayA taba vahA~ kI cIjoM ke saMgraha ke liye mUla-nivAsiyoM ke sAtha sastI kI jAne lgii| aneka prakAra kI sakhtI para bhI jaba ve loga mAla nahIM lAte the to unase rabara aura hAthI dA~ta ke rUpa meM Taiksa liyA jAne lagA aura jaba taka ve rabara yA hAthI dA~ta nahIM lAte the taba taka unakI aurateM pakar3a kara rakhI jAtI thiiN| isake liye gA~voM para sainikoM kA paharA baiThA diyA jAtA thaa| dina dina bhara begAra karAI jAtI thii| rabara kI mAMga itanI adhika kI jAtI thI ki mUlanivAsiyoM ko khetI karane kI phurasata bhI na milatI thii| isase durmijJa phailatA thA, loga bhUkhoM marane lagate the, baccoM kI mRtyu saMkhyA asAdhAraNa rUpa meM bar3ha jAtI thI, AdamiyoM ko deza chAr3a kara bhAga jAnA par3atA thaa| kabhI kucha loga upadrava bhI kara baiThate the to upadrava dabAne ke bahAne haz2AroM AdamiyoM ko phA~sI dI jAtI thI, athavA koI kaThora daNDa diyA jAtA thaa| isI prakAra pUrva AphikA-meM jaba acchI z2amIna jarmana pU~jIpatiyoM ko milI to unane jabardastI mala nivAsiyoM se majadUrI karAnA zurU kiyA / isase taMga hokara unane upadrava kara diyA jisase unakA bar3I krUratA se damana kiyA gayA / san 1898 meM keniyA kI sArI jamIna briTiza sarakArane chIna lI, aura yUropiyanoM ko bA~Ta dI / mala nivAsiyoM

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aparigraha] [151 paisA paidA karane ke liye unake vyApAra ko naSTa kara * diyA jAtA hai / ve dUsaroM ke sAtha vyApAra na kara sakeM isa prakAra kI ko z2amAna rakhane kA haka hI na rahA; jisase ve gore pu~jIpatiyoM kI gulAmI kareM / itane para bhI jaba uddeza siddha na huA to una para muMDa kara lagA diyA, aura jo majadUrI na kare usapara dunA kara lagAyA gayA / itane para bhI jaba kAma na calA to mjara jabardastI pakar3e jAne lage, aura agara ve bhAga jAte to unheM jela bheja diyA jAtA / taba kaidI kI haimiyata se unase muphta meM hI kAma liyA jAtA / isase duHkhI hokara jaba unane upadrava kiNa to karatA se dabAyA gayA / netAoM ko galI mAra dI gaI ga kaida kara liyA gayA / bhIr3a para goliyAM calA kara aneka striyoM ko bhI sadA ke liye sulA diyA gayA / ye to thor3e se namUne haiM, parantu isa prakAra ke atyAcAra asaMkhya haiN| AphrikA ke atyAcAra asaMkhya haiM / AphrikA ke habsiyoM kI gulAmI prathA ke atyAcAra sunanevAloM ke roMgaTe khar3e kara dete haiN| amerikA meM reDaDiyanoM kA pazuoM kI taraha zikAra kiyA gayA thA / reDaIDiyanoM kI sabhyatA yUropiyanoM se kucha kama nahIM thii| una ke gA~va ke gA~va naSTa kiye jAte the| matalaba yaha ki ina upanivezoM kA janma lAkhoM nirdoSa aura pavitra AdamiyoM ke raktapravAha meM huA hai| IsTa iMDiyA kampanI ne bhArata ke kArIgaroM para jo asyAcAra kiye haiM aura vividha upAyoM se bhArata ke nyApAra ko jisa

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152] [jana-dharma-mImAMsA zarte una para lAdI * jAtI haiN| pU~jIpati loga karja dekara zAsaka rAjAoM ko gulAma banAte haiM aura vyApAra ke liye rAjya taka har3ape jAte haiN| taraha naSTa kiyA hai, usakA purANa bhI bahuta lambA aura bhayaMkara hai| __* IsTa iMDiyA kampanI ne baMgAla ke julAhoM para aisA hI atyAcAra kiyA thaa| belajiyama kI sarakAra ne kAMgoM ke mUla nivAsiyoM para bhI aisA atyAcAra kiyA thA, jisase ve sarakArI ejenToM ke sivAya aura kisI ke hAtha koI cIja nahIM beca sakate the| uttarI AphrikA ke musalima rAjya 19 vIM zatAbdI meM kamajora the| yaropIya rASTra unheM cakamA dekara RNa dete the, isa prakAra ve aura aiyAza ho jAte the| isase Arthika avasthA aura kharAba ho jAtI thI; taba ve loga aura RNa dete the jise cukAne ke liye vaha prajA para adhika kara lagAtA thA jisase balavA ho jAtA thA, jisako dabAne ke liye vaha aura RNa letA / isa prakAra jaba Rga na cukane lAyaka ho jAtA taba ye loga rAjA ko apane saMrakSaNa meM le lete aura apane vyApAra ke prasAra ke liye manamAnA anyAya karate / agara yaha yA usakI prajA kucha cI. capar3a karatI to vaha davA dI jAtI aura rAjya para pUrNAdhikAra kara liyA jAtA / isa viSaya kI cAlabAjiyoM kA kAlA purANa bhI bahuta lambA hai| * bhArata isI taraha har3apA gayA / koriyA. maMcUkuA, jApAna ne har3apa liye / AsTreliyA, amerikA aura AphrikA kI

Page #161
aparigraha] [153 parigraha pApa-jisako duniyA~ ne abhI taka eka svara se pApa nahIM mAnA hai-kitanA duHkhaprada hai, yaha bAta sAmrAjyavAda ke itihAsa se acchI taraha jAnI jA sakatI hai / sAmrAjya aura zrImAna honA burA nahIM hai, kintu sAmrAjyavAda aura pU~jIvAda burA hai| vAstava meM yahI parigraha hai / agara Aja duniyA bhara ke dezoM kA eka sAmrAjya banA diyA jAye jisase eka rAjya dUsare se ma lar3a sake arthAt yuddha eka gairakAnUnI cIz2a Thahara jAya, to yaha sAmrAjya burA nahIM hai; parantu sAmrAjyavAda kA yaha lakSya nahIM hotaa| isase to nirbala garIba aura bhole manuSya, badamAza aura sabaloM se pIse jAte haiM / isI prakAra zrImAna aura pUMjIvAda meM antara hai| jahA~ dhana se dhana paidA na kiyA jAtA ho vahA~ zrImattA hai, pU~jIvAda nahIM / pU~jIvAda kyA hai, usakA bhayaMkara rUpa Upara batA diyA gayA hai| yaha na samajhanA cAhiye ki bar3e bar3e zrImAna hI pU~jIvAdI hote haiN| sambhava hai ki zrImAna bhI pU~jIvAdI na ho aura madhyama tathA aura bhI nIcI zreNI ke manuSya bhI pU~jIvAdI hoM; kyoMki jaba sAdhAraNa gRhastha bhI zrImAna bananA cAhatA hai taba vaha purAne zrImAna se bhI bhayaMkara ho jAtA hai / vaha apanI choTI-sI pUMjI se bhI adhika se adhika dhana paidA karatA hai, tathA bahusaMkhyaka hone se bhI yahI dazA huI / vahA~ ke mUlanivAsiyoM kA to astitva bhI nahIM ke barAbara ho gayA hai| * phrAnsa ke jina kisAnoM aura majadUroM ne morakko kI

Page #162
154] jainadharma-mImAMsA inake pApa kA pratikAra bhI kaThina hotA hai| dhana meM jo dhana ko paidA karane kI zakti hai, vaha kabhI naSTa ho sakegI yA nahIM yaha kahanA kaThina hai; parantu paraspara sahayoga ke jisa tatva para samAja kI racanA huI hai, usake yaha viparIta hai isIliya yaha pApa hai| yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki adhikAMza loga ise pApa nahIM samajhate, parantu isase to sirpha yahI siddha hotA hai ki samAja meM abhI bahuta-sI jar3atA bAkI hai / bahuta-sI jaGgalI jAtiyA~ aisI hai jinameM kisI manuSya ko mAra DAlanA aura khA jAnA bahuta sAdhAraNa bAta hai, ve ise pApa nahIM samajhatIM / hamAre pUrvaja bhI kisI samaya hiMsA kA pApa nahIM samajhate the / dhIre dhIre unameM se kucha vicArazIla logoM ne hiMsA ko pApa samajhA, parantu unakI samajha ko apanAne meM samAja ne zatAbdiyA~ nahIM, sahasrAbdiyA~ lagAI haiN| parigraha ke pApa ko pAparUpa meM ghoSita kara dene para bhI isako abhI samAja ne nahIM apanA pAyA hai| parantu eka na eka dina vaha ise bhI apanA lgii| hiMsA Adi ko pAparUpa meM svIkAra kara lene para bhI hiMsA sarakAra ko RNa dene ke liye RNapatra [bauMDa | kharIde the, ve saba yahI cAhate the ki jaise bane vaise phrAMsa kI sarakAra morako para apanA prabhAva kAyama rakkhe, isaliye ve phrAnsa kI sarakAra ke atyAcAroM kA bhI samarthana karate the / agara kisI eka hI zrImAna ne yaha RNa diyA hotA to adhikAMza kisAnoM aura majadUroM kI sahAnubhUti morako kI tarapha hotii|

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aparigraha] [155 duniyA~ se uTha nahIM gaI hai , isase sirpha ahiMsA ko naitika-vala tathA samAja kA pITha-bala milA hai| isI prakAra parigraha-pApa bhI naSTa na hogA; kintu aparigraha vrata ko naitika bala tathA samAja kA pITha-bala mila jAyagA, yahI kyA kama hai ! aparigraha ke apavAda-vyavahAra meM to logoM ne abhI taka parigraha ko pApa samajhanA nahIM sIkhA hai, parantu jaba unase carcA karane baiTho taba ve 'bAla kI khAla' nikalate haiM / unakI dRSTi meM sAdhAraNa kapar3e pahinanevAlA yA la~goTI lanAnevAlA, calane ke subhIte ke liye ekAdha lakar3I rakhanevAlA yA do cAra paise rakhane vAlA bhI parigrahI hai, arthAt unakI dRSTi meM pratyeka vastu parigraha hI hai / yadyapi june jude sampradAyoM ne jude jude upakaraNoM ko apavAdarUpa svIkAra kiyA hai| kintu unake ve niyama vizeSa vizeSa sAdhu-saMsthA se sambandha rakhate haiM, parantu mujhe to yahA~ yaha vicAra karanA hai ki yama kI dRSTi se isake apavAda kyA haiM ? aparigrahI kitanI aura kauna kauna cIjeM rakha sakatA hai ! 1-jIvana-nirvAha ke liye jo cIjeM anivArya haiM unheM parigraha nahIM kahate / jaise, koI AdamI roTI Adi khAdya sAmagrI ko rakhatA hai to vaha parimahI nahIM kahalAtA / aparigraha-vrata kA pAlana karanevAlA isIliye bhikSA Adi se agara anna lAve to use parimahI nahIM kheNge| zaMkA-eka AdamI kisI ke yahA~ bhojana kara Ave yaha lo ThIka hai, parantu agara vaha kisI pAtra meM bhikSA-vastu lekara rakkhegA taba to parigrahI khlaaygaa|

Page #164
156] [jainadharma-mImAMsA . samAdhAna --kisI ke yahA~ bhojana karanA yA aneka gharoM se bhikSA mA~gakara eka jagaha bhojana karanA aparigraha kI dRSTi se eka hI bAta hai| zaMkA--apane sthAna para bhikSAna lAnevAlA kucha samaya ke liye dhAnya kA parigraha karatA hai; isaliye vaha parigrahI hI hai| agara use parigrahI na kahA jAya to koI jIvana bhara ke liye dhAnya kA saMgraha kare to use bhI parigrahI na kaha sakeMge--isaliye kucha na kucha maryAdA to bA~dhanA hI par3egI / koI maryAdA bA~dhI jAya to usakA koI kAraNa to batalAnA par3egA, aura aisA koI kAraNa hai nahIM jisase yaha kahA jAya ki amuka samaya taka saMgraha karanA cAhiye aura bAda meM nhiiN| samAdhAna-apane pAsa rakhane se hI koI parigrahI nahIM hotA apane pAsa rakhane para bhI agara svAmitva kI vAsanA na ho to vaha parigrahI nahIM kahalAtA / dUsarI bAta yaha ki jo cIz2a hama grahaNa kareM vaha hamAre vAstavika adhikAra ke bAhara kI na honA cAhiye / pahile parigraha kA vivecana karate samaya yaha batAyA gayA hai ki parigraha kyoM pApa hai ! jisa saMgraha meM parigraha kA vaha lakSaNa nahIM jAtA vaha parigraha nahIM kahalA sakatA / samaya kI maryAdA bhI yahA~ bhAvazyaka nahIM hai / vaha to dezakAla ke anusAra bA~dhI jA sakatI hai| mikSA yA parizrama ke dvArA pratidina bhojana milane kI suvidhA ho to dUsare dina ke liye saMgraha na kare, anyathA kaI dina ke liye bhI saMgraha kiyA jA sakatA hai| pravAsa Adi meM bhI kaI dina ke liye saMgraha kiyA jA sakatA hai| hA~, isa bAta kA vicAra

Page #165
aparigraha [157 avazya rakhanA cAhiye ki yaha saMgraha dUsaroM ke adhikAroM meM bAdhA ma DAle / udAharaNArtha durbhikSa Adi ke samaya koI varSoM kA bhojana sAmagrI kA saMgraha kara le-to yaha parigraha hI hai / sagaja ke pAsa kaunasI cIz2a kitanI hai aura usameM merA kyA hissA hai, isake anusAra saMgraha kiyA jA sakatA hai, usameM kAla kI maryAdA nahIM bA~dhI jA sakatI, athavA dezakAla ke anusAra asthAyI maryAdA bA~dhI jA sakatI hai| zaMkA-jainiyoM kA eka sampradAya to yaha kahatA hai ki apane sthAna para bhI bhikSA na lAnA cAhiye aura dUsarA yaha kahatA hai ki dUsare dina ke liye na rakhanA cAhiye; parantu Apa kAla kI maryAdA bhI nahIM bA~dhate, yaha kyA bAta hai ! samAdhAna-jainiyoM ke donoM sampradAyoM meM jo muniyoM ke niyama haiM, ve eka muni-saMsthA ke niyama haiM / judI judI saMsthAoM ke niyama nude jude hote haiM aura ve dezakAla ke anusAra badalate rahate haiN| muni-saMsthA rakhanA cAhiye ki nahIM ! aura rakhanA cAhiye to usake niyama kaise ho ! purAne niyama kitanA parivartana mA~gate haiM ! Adi bAtoM para to Age vicAra kiyA jAyagA / yahA~ to aparigrahabata kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / muni-saMsthA meM to una niyamoM kI bhI AvazyakatA ho sakatI hai, jo aparigraha-vata meM zAmila nahIM kiye jA sakate kintu eka varga se usakA pAlana karAne liye samayAnusAra banAye gaye haiN| saMsthA bAta judI hai aura saMyama judI / saMyama to saMsthA ke bAhara rahakara gRhastha veSa meM bhI pAlana kiyA

Page #166
. ....mugges 158] [jainadharma mImAMsA jA sakatA hai aura muni-saMsthA meM bhI kisI saMyama ko zithila banAyA jA sakatA hai / yahA~ to saMyama kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| - 2-jIvana-nirvAha ke liye annAdi jina sAdhanoM kI anivArya AvazyakatA hai usako prApta karane ke liye jo nyAyocita sAdhana hoM, unakA saMgraha bhI parigraha-pApa nahIM hai / udAharaNArtha, khetI karane ke liye jina AjAroM kI AvazyakatA hai-unakA rakhanA parigraha nahIM hai| zaMkA-ise Apa alpa parigraha kaha sakate haiM parantu bilakula parigraha hI na mAne yaha kaise ho sakatA hai ? aisA mAnane se to eka muni bhI khetI karane lagegA ! taba gRhastha aura muni meM antara kyA raha jAyagA ! samAdhAna- gRhi-saMsthA aura muni-saMsthA kA bheda agara naSTa bhI ho jAya to bhI gRhastha aura muni kA bheda rahanevAlA hai / jisa ke kArya vizvaprema ko lakSya meM rakhakara hone haiM vaha muni hai, aura jisake kArya pApita svArtha ko lakSya meM lekara hote haiM vaha zrAvaka hai / jisa jamAne meM kRSi Adi kArya karanevAloM kI kamI nahIM hotI aura niHsvArtha sevakoM kI AjIvikA Adi kA prabandha karane ke liye samAja vinayapUrvaka taiyArI batAtI hai, usa samaya sAdhuoM ko nirAkulatA ke sAtha samAjasevA kA maukA dene ke liye kRSi Adi kI manAhI kara dI jAtI hai / parantu agara paristhiti badala jAya, sAdhu-saMsthA samAja ke liye gejha ho jAya athavA samAja sAdhuoM ko kupatha meM khIMcanA cAhe, rUdiyoM aura paramparAgata

Page #167
aparigraha ] [159 anyAyoM kA samarthana kaganA cAhe athavA vAtAvaraNa aisA ho yA rAjya ke kAbUna aise haiN| jisasa apanI AjIvikA svayaM calAne kI AvazyakatA ho to muni rekhatI bhI kara sakatA hai aura usake yogya upakaraNa bhI rakha sakatA hai, vaha rahane ke liye kuTI bhI banA sakatA hai / di. jaina sampradAya meM drAviDa saMgha aisA huA hai jo khetI aura vyApAra se apanI AjIvikA calAnA munitva ke bAhara nahIM samajhatA thaa| sAmpradAyika kaTTaratA ke kAraNa yadyapi use pApI kaha diyA gayA hai; parantu isa prakAra kI gAliyA~ to acche se acche vyakti ko bhI dI gaI haiM / itane para bhI drAvir3a saMgha ke anuyAyiyoM kI saMkhyA kama nahIM rahI, vaha eka vizAla saMva huA hai / AcAra tathA AvAra sambandhI vicAroM meM usane aneka sudhAra* kiye the ; isaliye jaina muni nirmititA ke sAtha kRSi Adi kArya bare, isameM AzcaryajanakatA aura anucitatA bilakula nahIM hai| zaMkA- munitva aura zrAvakatra kA bheda bhAvoM para hai yaha Thaka, parantu niSparigrahatA aura alpa parigrahatA kA koI bAhirI rUpa bhI to batalAnA cAhiye / bAhyaparigraha kI dRSTi se eka muni kaisA hogA ? aura eka gRhastha se usameM kyA antara hogA ! uttara--muni aura gRhastha kA bAhya antara sadA ke liye nahIM batAyA jA sakatA; parantu jo Ajakala kI paristhiti ke * bIesu Nasthi jIbo unmasaNa NAtya phAsugaM asthi / sAvaja Nahu maNNA pa gaNai jiha kappiyaM aThaM / 26 / kacchaM khettaM vasahiM vANijjaM kAriUna jIvaMto / NhaMto sAyalaNAre pAva paraM sa saMnedi / 27 / darzanasAra /

Page #168
160] [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA anukula ho vaha batAyA jA sakatA hai ki eka muni AvazyakatAnusAra sampatti rakkhegA, parantu usa sampatti kA uttarAdhikAritva vaha samAja ko degA, vaha santAna ko yA santAna ke sthAnApanna kisI vyakti ko nahIM / isake atirikta AvazyakatAnusAra hI sampatti rakkhegA, mahattA batalAne ke liye nahIM / ina do bAtoM kI rakSA karatA huA vaha khetI kare yA aura kucha, usake munitva meM bAdhA nahIM A sakatI arthAt vaha parigraha kA doSI nahIM kahalA sktaa| 3-'deza kI sampati meM apanA jitanA hissA ho sakatA hai usase adhika grahaNa karanA parigraha hai, isameM isa bAta kA khayAla rakhanA cAhiye ki agara samAja sevA ke liye upakaraNa rakhanA ho to ve parigraha nahIM haiM / jaise, eka vidvAna jJAna bar3hAkara samAja kA kalyANa karana! cAhatA hai, isake liye use pustakAlaya kI AvazyakatA hai to vaha parigraha nahIM hai / hA~, agara vaha kAma kucha nahIM karatA yA bahuta thor3A karatA hai, kintu sirpha mahattA batalAne ke liye pustakoM kA Dhera ekatrita karake rakhatA hai, koI bhasuvidhA yA hAni na hone para bhI unakA upayoga dUsaroM ko nahIM karane detA to vaha parigrahI hai / una pustakoM ko apanI sampatti samajhatA hai to parigrahI hai| jo bAta yahA~ bAnopakaraNa ke viSaya meM kahI gaI hai vahI bAta aura bhI aneka taraha kI sevA ke upakaraNoM ke liye lAgU hai| itanA hI nahIM kintu sevA karane ke liye zarIra ke liye kucha muvidhA dene kI AvazyakatA ho to vaha bhI parigraha nahIM hai| udAharaNArya adhika parizrama ke kAraNa jauSaSa

Page #169
aparigraha [169 vagairaha kA sevana karanA par3e yA vAhana Adi kA upayoga karanA par3e to vaha saba parigraha nahIM hai / . zaMkA-yadi apavAda kA kSetra itanA vistRta kara diyA jAyagA taba isakI aTa meM aiyAzI kA rAjya jama jAyagA | mAmUlI nAmamAtra kI sevA karanevAle bhI svAsthya kI duhAI dekara pahile darje meM hI rela yAtrA kareMge, do-do cAra-cAra rupayoM ke phala ur3Aya~ge, moTara meM saira kareMge aura phira bhI kaheMge ki hama aparigrahI haiM ! kyA yaha ThIka hogA ? samAdhAna-niyamoM aura unake apavAdoM kA durupayoga sadA se hotA AyA hai aura Aja bhI hotA hai, bhaviSya meM bhI hogA, parantu isIliye AvAdoM kA vicAra na kiyA jAya yaha nahIM ho sakatA / kyoMki aisA karane se vAstavika aparigrahatA rakhate hue bhI usake bAhya rUpa ko na rakha sakane ke kAraNa aparigrahI kI samAja-sevaka vRttiyA~ vyartha jAtI haiM / hA~, uparyukta durupayogoM ko hama pahicAna sakeM, isake liye kucha vicAra avazya dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye / udAharaNArtha, agara koI samAja-sevaka pahile do meM rela-yAtrA karatA hai to hameM nimnalikhita bAtoM para vicAra karanA cAhiye : kyA usake svAsthya ke liye yaha Avazyaka hai ki vaha . agara pahile darje meM relayAtrA na karegA to usakA svAsthya itanA kharAba ho jAyagA ki usase sevA kArya meM kSati pahuMcegI ! yA usakA jIvana jokhima meM par3ajAyagA ! kyA usakI sevA itanI bahumUlya hai ? kyA samAja ke liye usake vyaktitva kI prabhAvanA

Page #170
162] jainadharma-mImAMsA karanA itanA Avazyaka hai ? kyA samAja binA kisI kaSTa ke itanI suvidhA dene ko taiyAra hai ? sevaka vyAkti isake liye sIdhI yA Ter3hI rIti se kisI ko vivaza to nahIM kara rahA hai ! ahaMkAra se to vaha aisA nahIM kara rahA hai ! isI prakAra ke prazna anya darupayogoM ke viSaya meM bhI karanA cAhiye / ina praznoM ke uttara se vAstavikatA kA patA laga jAyagA / nIti to sirpha mArga batalA sakatI hai / usakA ThIka pAlana karanA hamArI zuddha buddhi para nirbhara hai| Y~ Atma-rakSA ke liye lakar3I Adi ke rakhane kI AvazyakatA ho to vaha bhI pAragraha nahIM hai / mArga Adi calane meM lakar3I Adi se bahuta sahAyatA milatI hai, isaliye agara koI lakaDI rakhegA to vaha parigraha na kahalAyagI / hA~, agara vaha usa se hiMsA karegA to avazya parigraha ho jAyagI, kyoMki aba usakA lakSya Atma-rakSA na rhaa| prazna-pazuoM vagairaha se Atma-rakSA karane ke liye lakar3I rakhanA parigraha hai yA nahIM ? athavA Ara vaha Atma-rakSA ke liye lakar3I kA prayoga ko, pazu ko kadAcita mAra bhI de to phira use parigraha kaheMge yA nahIM ? uttara-yaha prazna hiMsA-ahiMsA se sambandha rakhatA hai| pratyeka bAhya hiMsA ko hama hiMsA nahIM kaha sakate, isa bAta kA vicAra karake hI hama uparyukta prazna kA uttara de sakate haiM / manuSya ke samAna pazuoM ke bhI AtmA hai isaliye unheM nahIM satAnA cAhiye, parantu ve apanI bhASA nahIM samajhate isaliye lakar3I

Page #171
aparigraha ] [ 163 vagairaha kA saMketa karake unheM rokA jAya to yaha hiMsA nahIM hai| jaise - pazu-pAlana meM aise aneka avasara Ate haiM, paraMtu isIliye pazu-pAlaka hiMsaka nahIM kahalA sakatA / usI prakAra Atma-rakSA Adi ke kAma meM bhI samajhanA cAhiye / 5 - samAja-sevA ke liye samAjAzrita na rahanA par3e, isake liye dhana-saMgraha karanevAlA pariprI nahIM hai / samAja-sevA kA kArya bar3A jaTila hai / samAja ke sudhAra ke lie jaba kucha aise vicAroM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai jo pracalita mAnyatA ke viruddha jAte haiM taba unakA pracAra karanA muzkila hotA hai / usa samaya yadi koI bhI manuSya kisI bhI taraha se samAjAzrita * ho to usakA TikanA atyanta kaThina ho jAtA hai / vaha samAja ko satpatha dikhalA hI nahIM sakatA / samAja, sudhArakoM kI pITha para to mukke lagAtI hI hai; parantu peTa para bhI mukke lagAtI hai / isase sirpha sudhAraka kA jIvana duHkhapUrNa hI nahIM hotA aura usakI bahuta-sI zakti barbAda hI nahIM jAtI; kintu isane sudhAra kA kArya asaphala yA atyalpa saphala ho jAtA hai / isake liye agara vaha vaidha upAyoM se artha-saMgraha kare to bhI vaha parigrahI nahIM kahalA sktaa| hAM, ute AvazyakatAnusAra hI sampatti kA upayoga karanA cAhiye aura usakA uttarAdhikAriya samAja ko hI denA cAhiye / zaMkA --- samAja se mAMgakara agara koI isI bahAne se dhana kA saMcaya kare to Apa use parigrahI kaheMge yA aparimahI ? samAdhAna - samAja se paisA lekara apane nAma para saMgraha karanevAlA vyakti parigrahI hI nahIM, liye yA apane vizvAsaghAtI bhI

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164 ] [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA hai / sAdhAraNata: samAja se dhana jisa liye mAMgA gayA hai usI kAma meM lagAnA cAhiye, vizeSa avasthA meM anya kisI samAjopayogI kArya meM lagAyA jA sakatA hai; parantu eka kSaNa bhara ke liye bhI usa para apanA svatva sthApita nahIM karanA cAhiye | Upara jo apavAda batalAyA hai vaha to sirpha usa saMcaya ke liye hai jo apane parizrama Adi ke badale meM vaidha upAyoM se prApta kiyA gayA hai / saba apavAda ginAye nahIM jA sakate aura na saba apavAdoM ke durupayogoM se bacAne ke liye upAya ginAye jA sakate haiN| hAM, usakI kuMjI batalAI jA sakatI hai, yA kasauTI dI jA sakatI hai| parigraha kyoM duHkhaprada hai, isakA varNana pahile kiyA gayA hai| usa ko samajha lene se aparigraha ke apavAda samajhe jA sakate haiM, aura agara koI usakA durupayoga kare to usakI durupayogatA bhI dhyAna meM A sakatI hai / prazna -- abhI taka jo Apane aparigraha kA varNana likhA likhA hai vaha sirpha puruSa samAja ke viSaya meM hI mAlUma hotA hai parantu striyoM ke hAtha meM to sAmpattika adhikAra hI nahIM hai / ve na to parigraha kA pApa hI kara sakatI haiM, na aparigraha vrata hI rakha sakatI haiM / unake liye isa vrata kA kyA rUpa hai ? utara - - abhI taka aparigraha ke viSaya meM jo kucha kahA gayA hai vaha jaisA puruSoM liye lAgU hai vaisA striyoM ke liye bhI / yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki kisI strI ke hAtha meM sampatti na ho, parantu abhI bahuta-sI striyoM ke hAtha meM sampatti hotI hai / jiyA~ vyApAra bhI karatI haiM, naukarI bhI karatI haiN| kuTumba meM dUsarA na hone se 1

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aparigraha ] [165 sArA uttarAdhikAritva bhI unheM milatA hai| yUropa, khAsakara rUsa meM to striyoM kA sampattika adhikAra aura bhI adhika hai / barmA meM vyApArAdi kArya meM striyA~ adhikatara bhAga letI haiM, isaliye parigraha aura aparigraha kI carcA jaisI puruSoM ke liye hai vaisI hI striyoM ke liye bhI hai / sAdhAraNataH isa prakAra isa prazna kA uttara de' dene para bhI isa prazna kA eka vicAraNIya aMza par3A hI raha jAtA hai / usa para vicAra karanA cAhiye / jo loga gulAma haiM, ve isa vrata kA pAlana kaise kareM ? aneka striyA~ kahalAne ko to seThAnI kahalAtI haiM, parantu sampatti para unakA vAstavika adhikAra bilakula nahIM rahatA / ve isa vrata kA pAlana kaise kareM ? isa prazna ke uttara ke liye hameM parigraha ke yA pApa ke mUla svarUpa para vicAra karanA cAhiye / pApa kevala bAhirI kriyA kA nAma nahIM hai, kintu asalI pApa apane abhiprAya para nirbhara hai / jahA~ Asakti hai vahA~ parigraha hai / eka strI kA apane pati kI sampatti meM loka pracalita kAnUna ke anusAra hakka ho yA na ho parantu vaha usa sampatti meM utanI hI Asakta hotI hai jitanA ki usakA pati / basa, yahI parigraha kI bhUmikA hai / kuTumba maiM dasa AdamI hoM aura unameM koI eka mukhiyA ho to isIliye bAqI nau AdamI parigraha ke pApa se chUTa nahIM jAte / striyA~ aparigraha ke liye usameM Asakti kama kareM, dAnAdi dene meM bAdhaka na baneM, isa taraha ve aparigraha-vrata kA pAlana kara sakatI haiM / 1 jahA~ strI-dhana ke rUpa meM striyoM ke pAsa sampatti rahatI hai hA~ ve usakI apekSA se aparigraha vrata kA pAlana kara sakatI haiM /

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166] jainadharma-mImAMsA dAsa aura pazuoM ke pAsa dhana nahIM hotA / ve anAsakti tathA bhogopabhogoM kI parimitatA se isa vrata kA pAlana kara sakate haiN| kadAcita unake hAtha meM sampatti Ave to ve apanI aparigrahatA kA paricaya de sakate haiN| parigraha ke cAra bheda-hiMsA, asalya Adi ke jaise cAra cAra bheda pahile kiye gaye haiM usI prakAra parigraha ke bhI cAra bheda samajhanA cAhiye / yahA~ to unakA nAmamAtra varNana kiyA jAtA hai, bAkI vivecana to Upara kiyA hI jA cukA hai| saMkalpI-bhAgoM kI lAlasA se, ahaMkAra yA moha se apane hisse se adhika sampatti rakhanA saMGkalpI-parigraha hai / koI mahAtmA yA karmayogI kAraNavaza adhika sAmagrI bhI rakkhegA parantu mauja ur3Ane ke liye nahIM, apanI santAna ke moha se nahIM, bar3A AdamI bahalAkara dUsaroM ke Upara dhAka jamAne ke liye nahIM; kintu sirpha samAja-sevA ke liye / isaliye ise saGkalpI parigraha na kaha skeNge| . ArambhI-sevA Adi kArya ke liye yA jIvana ke nirvAha ke liye jina cIjoM kI AvazyakatA hai unakA rakhanA ArambhI parigraha hai / jaise par3hane ke liye pustaka (kisI ke yahA~ pustakoM kA vyApAra hotA ho to vaha ArambhI-parigraha na kahalAyagA / yahI bAta sevA ke anya upakaraNoM ke viSaya meM bhI samajhanA cAhiye) kursI, palaMga Adi / parantu inakA anAvazyaka saMgraha kiyA jAya, yA nAma mAtra kI AvazyakatA se saMgraha kiyA jAya yA sampatti mAnakara inakA saMgraha kiyA jAya to yaha saMkalpI-parigraha ho jAyagA /

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aparigraha ] [ 167 udAharaNArtha, dUdha pIne ke liye eka gAya rakhanA eka bAta hai parantu isa Azaya se ki agara bacAsa gAyeM rakhU~gA to isa rUpa meM do cAra haz2Ara kI sampatti hAtha meM rahegI, yaha saGkalpI - parigraha hI hai / parantu gau-rakSA kI dRSTi se rakkhIM jA~ya to yaha saMkalpI - parigraha nahIM hai| udyogI vyApAra Adi ke upakaraNoM ko rakhanA udyogI parigraha hai / jaise - ArambhI - parigraha meM mAtrA kI adhikatA Adi se saMkalpIpana A jAtA hai, vaisA yahA~ bhI A jAtA hai / isaliye aparigrahI ke liye isake mAtrAdhikya se bacanA cAhiye / virodhI - anyAyI aura atyAcAriyoM se Atma-rakSA karane ke liye jo parigraha rakkhA jAtA hai-vaha virodhI- parigraha hai / jaise coroM se rakSita rahane ke liye-dvAra, tAlA, tijor3I Adi; athavA zatruoM se rakSita rahane ke liye talavAra baMdUka Adi / ye hI vastue~ agara dUsaroM para AkramaNa karane ke liye rakaTI jA~ya to yahA~ saMkalpI - parigraha kahalAyagA / 1 ina cAra prakAra ke parigrahoM meM saMkalpI - parigraha hI vAstava meM parigraha hai aura vahI pApa hai / bAkI tIna parigraha to tabhI pApa bana jAte haiM jaba unameM kisI taraha se saMkalpIpana A jAtA hai / caritrako pA~ca bhAgoM meM vibhakta karake jo usakA varNana kiyA gayA hai, vaha sAmAnya dRSTi se hai / usameM pUrNa - apUrNa kA vicAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai, athavA use pUrNa caritra kA varNana mAnanA cAhiye, aura Age batAI jAne vAlI kasauTiyoM se pUrNa apUrNa kI kalpanA karanA cAhiye /

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168] (jaina-dharma-mImAMsA cAritra kI pUrNatA aura apUrNatA kA jaisA vicAra Ajakala kiyA jAtA hai yA jainazAsroM meM kiyA gayA hai, vaha ekadezI hai| Ajakala gRhastha ke vrata ko aNu-vrata * aura muni ke vrata ko mahAvrata kahate haiM, parantu saiddhAntika dRSTi se yaha paribhASA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki gRhastha aura muni, ye to do saMsthAe~ haiM / koI kisI bhI saMsthA meM rahe, parantu isase usake vrata apUrNa yA pUrNa nahIM kahe jA sakate haiM / muni-saMsthA meM rahane vAlA bhI mahAvratI yA avatI ho sakatA hai aura gRhastha-saMsthA meM rahane vAlA bhI mahAvratI aura kevalI ho sakatA hai| kU putra kevalajJAnI hone para bhI ghara meM rahe the, isake atirikta bahuta se manuSyoM ne muni-saMsthA meM praviSTa hue binA, muniveSa liye binA kevalajJAna prApta kiyA thA / samrATa bharata + ilAputra, AsAr3habhUti Adi isake udAharaNa haiM / isase yaha bAta spaSTa hai ki jaina siddhAnta ke anusAra bhI aNuvrata aura mahAvrata kA sambandha gRhastha aura sanyAsa * aNuvrato'gArI / tattvArtha 7 bhAveNa kumma utto avagayatatto ya agahiya caritto / gihavAse vi basaMto saMpatto kevalaM nANaM | kummA0 ca0 7 bhAveNa bharaha cakkI taarissuddhntmjhmlliinno| AyaMsagharaniviTTho gihI vi so kevalI jaao||140|| vaMsaggisamArUDho munipavare ke vi daTu viharate / gihivesa ilAico bhAveNaM kevalI jAo // 14 // AsADhamuimuNiNo bharahesarapikkhaNaM kuNaMtassa / utpanna gihiNo vihu bhAvaNaM kevalaM nANaM // 1.2 // -kummAputta c|

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pUrNa aura apUrNa cAritra [169 Azrama se nahIM hai / kisI bhI Azrama meM manuSya aNuvratI aura mahAvratI ho sakatA hai / AvazyakatA hone para muni-saMsthA tor3I nA sakatI hai, parantu mahAvatI naSTa nahIM kiye jA skte| saba loga muni yA saMnyAsI hojAya, yaha bAta kisI bhI samAja ke liye asahya hai; kyoMki isase usa samAja kA nAza ho jAyagA parantu agara saba loga mahAnatI hojAya to yaha manuSya-samAja kA suvarNa-yuga hogaa| ____ aNuvrata aura mahAvrata kI eka dUsarI paribhASA bhI jainazAstroM meM pracalita hai / unane rAgadveSa Adi kaSAyoM kI vAsanA ke Upara aNuvrata aura mahAvrata kA vibhAga rakavA hai / isa dRSTi se cAritra ke cAra bheda kiye gaye haiM:-(1) svarUpAcaraNa-cAritra, (2) deza cAritra, (3) sakala-cAritra, (4) yathAkhyAta-cAritra / cAritra arthAt karttavya ke pAlana meM rAga aura dveSa sabase bar3I bAdhAe~ haiN| hamAre muMha ke Upara bhale hI ye prakaTa na hoM, parantu jaba taka ye vAsanA ke rUpa meM hRdaya meM bane rahate haiM, taba taka na to hameM zuddha-jJAna prApta hotA hai, na hama zuddha cAritra kA pAlana kara sakate haiM / kauna AdamI kitanA acAritrI hai-isa bAta ko samajhane ke liye hameM yaha samajhanA cAhiye ki usakI kaSAya-vAsanA kitane adhika samaya taka sthAyI hai / jitanI lambI kaSAya-vAsanA, utanI hI adhika cAritra-zUnyatA / isa paribhASA ke anusAra jisa vyakti meM rAga-dveSa kI vAsanA bilakula nahIM rahatI, vaha yathAkhyAta-cAritrI kahA jAtA hai| yaha

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170 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsA cAritra kA sarvottama sthAna hai / jisako kaSAyeM - vAsanA pandraha dina taka rahatI hai, vaha sakala-cAritrI hai / sAdhAraNataH muniyoM ke kama se kama yaha cAritra honA caahiye| jisakI kaSAya-vAsanA cAra mAsa taka ThaharatI hai, vaha deza - cAritrI hai| yaha cAritra sAdhAraNataH gRhasthoM ke mAnA jAtA hai aura jisakI kaSAya-vAsanA eka varSa taka ThaharatI hai, isase jyAdA nahIM ThaharatI vaha svarUpAcaraNa cAritrI kahalAtA hai / yaha cAroM gatiyoM meM ho sakatA hai / isa vAritravAle ko samyagdRSTi bhI kahate haiM, kyoMki samyagdarzana ke sAtha yaha, cAritra avazya hotA hai / isase bhI adhika jisakI kaSAya- bAsanA ThaharatI hai, vaha miyA-dRSTi hai / usakI kaSAyanvAsanA anantAnubandhI kahalAtI hai / usake koI cAritra nahIM mAnA jAtA hai ina cAra prakAra ke cAritroM ko nAza karanevAlI jo kaSAyeM haiM, unake cAra nAma rakkhe gaye haiM: - anantAnubandhI, apratyArUpAnAvaraNa, pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa aura saMcalana / anantAnubandhI kI vAsanA zvetAmbara matAnusAra jIvana bhara rahatI hai aura digambara + matAnusAra ananta yA asaMkhya yA saMkhya bhavoM taka / apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kI vAsanA eka 9 jAjIva barisa caDamA pakkhagA nasya tiriya nara amarA / sammAzusavva viraha ahavAya caritatrAyakarA // - kamma vivAga 1 - 18 | + antata pakvaM chammAsaM saMkhasavarNatamavaM ' saMjalaNamAdiyANaM vAsaNakAlA du niyameNa // - gommaTasAra karmakANDa 46 |

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pUrNa aura apUrNa caritra ] [171 varSa (zvetAmbara) athavA cha: mAsa ( digambara), pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kI vAsanA cAra mAsa (zvetAmbara ) athavA eka pakSa (digambara) aura saMjvalana kI vAsanA eka pakSa (zvetAmbara ) anturmuhUrta ar3atAlIsa minaTa se kama (digmbr)| ___kaSAyoM kI vAsanA se cAritra-acAritra kI parIkSA karanA kucha adhika yukti-sagaMta hai / muni-samdhA aura gRhastha-saMsthA meM caritra ko vibhakta karane kI apekSA isa prakAra saMskAra kAla meM vibhakta karanA adhika upayogI hai| prabha-gRhastha-jIvana meM yaha hamArA kartavya hai ki hama apane kuTumbiyoM se sadA prema kareM / isa dRSTi se prema kI vAsanA jIvana-bhara sthAyI kahalAyI aura isase pratyeka gRhastha mithyA-dRSTi kahalAyA / usake svarUpAcaraNa caritra bhI na rahA, isaliye agara vAsanA para cAritra bhacAritra kA vicAra kiyA jAya to koI bhI gRhastha cAritradhArI na bana sakegA; athavA use kuTumbiyoM se prema karanA chor3anA pdd'egaa| ucara-prema ko vAsanA samajhanA bhUla hai / bAsanA hai moha Asaki bAdi : prema to nizchala vRtti hai / sAmAjika suvyavasthA ke liye hama jina logoM ke sAtha kartavya meM baMdhe hue haiM, unake sAtha nizchala vyavahAra karanA, hRdaya se unakI sevA karanA prema hai; yaha kaSAya nahIM hai| hama apanI panI se prema bhI kara sakate haiM, moha bhI / prema burA nahIM hai| vaha to kartavya tatpara banAne-bAlI mAnasika vRtti hai / usakA acAritra se koI sambandha nahIM hai|

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172 ] [ jaina-dharma-mImAMsA 1 nirlipta hokara kArya karanA cAhie aura moha to sambandhiyoM kA bhI na honA cAhie / samyagdarzana ke prakaraNa meM isa viSaya para bahuta vivecana kiyA gayA hai / kaSAya vAsanA rahita hokara jIvana ke sabhI kAma kiye jA sakate haiM / jaina tIrthaGkara yA kevalI kSaNa bhara ke lie bhI kaSAya vAsanA nahIM rakhate; parantu dharma pracAra Adi kA kAma dina rAta karate rahate haiM / vAsanA-rahita hone se manuSya kucha mI kAma na kara sakegA, vaha vyavahAra-zUnya ho jAyagA athavA ina kAmoM se vAsanA A jAyagI - Adi zaMkAe~ ThIka nahIM / isa adhyAya ke prArambha meM caritra kI jo paribhASA batalAI gaI hai, usI ko kasauTI banAkara pUrNatA apUrNatA kA vicAra karanA cAhiye / sukha ke sacce prayatna meM jo bAdhAe~ haiM unako jitanA haTAyA jAyagA cAritra utanA hI unnata kailAyagA | Upara jo vAsanA kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai, vaha bhI suva meM bAdhaka haiM; isaliye use jitanA haTAyA jAyagA caritra utanA hI unnata kahalAyagA | / isase itanA to mAlUma hotA hai ki cAritra kI eka akhaMDa dhArA hai / usameM koI aisI sImA nahIM hai jo svabhAvataH cAritra ke vibhAga karatI ho / eka varSa se adhika vAsanA rahane para cAritra kA nAza mAnanA bhI ApekSika hai; kyoMki teraha mahAMne taka vAsanA rakhane vAle aura do varSa taka vAsanA rakhane vAle meM bhI taratamatA hai| do varSa taka kaSAya- vAsanA rakhane vAle kI apekSA teraha mahIne taka kaSAya vAsanA rakhane vAlA cAritravAna hai / eka varSa aura eka samaya adhika eka varSa meM jitanA antara hai utanA .

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cUrNa aura apUrNa caritra; | 173 antara eka varSa ke bhItara yA bAhara saba kahIM pAyA jA sakatA hai / isase hama cAritra kI nyUnAdhikatA to jAna sakate haiM; parantu yaha nahIM kaha sakate ki amuka samaya taka kI vAsanA meM mahAvrata mAnA jAya aura amuka samaya taka aNuvrata / ahiMsA ke prakaraNa meM yaha bAta kahI jA cukI hai ki cAritra acAritra kA bheda anAsakti Asakti kA bheda hai / usa apekSA se bhI hama cAritra aura acAritra kI dizA ko hI jAna sakate haiM; parantu aNuvrata mahAvrata kA bheda nahIM kara skte| kyoMki Asakti kI kitanI mAtrAko aNukta mAnAjAya aura usase adhika ko avrata athavA usase kamako mahAvana - isakI koI sImA nahIM banAI jA sakatI / 1 cAritra aura acAritra ke viSaya meM aura bhI dizA sUcana kiyA jA sakatA hai / jaise- jo nyAya ke Age sira jhukAde vaha cAritravAn hai | cAritrahIna manuSya nyAya anyAyI parvAha nahIM karatA / vaha pazubala se DaratA hai, nyAya balase nahIM / agara aMkuza chUTa jAya to vaha anyAya para utArU ho jAyagA / 1 cAritra aura acAritrakI yaha kasaiTI bhI bahuta sundara hai, parantu deza cAritra aura sakala cAritrakI sImA banAnA isameM bhI bahuta muzkila hai| kyoMki choTese choTe nyAya ke Age pUrNa rUpase sira jhukA dene vAlA saphala cAritra hai aura bar3e se bar3e nyAya ke Age z2arA bhI na jhukAne vAlA cAritra hIna hai / isake bIca meM aisI sImA bA~dhanA azakya hai, jise deza cAritra kaha sakeM /

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174 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsA aura bhI koI cAritra kI kasauTI kahI jAya parantu usase sirpha cAritra acAritra kA nirNaya hogA; parantu cAritrake bIMca meM koI rekhA na hogI, jisake eka tarapha ko mahAvrata kahA jAya / hA~ ! vyavahAra calAne ke liye agara hama unameM sIma bA~dhanA cAheM to avazyahI sImA kI kalpanA kara sakate haiN| jaise pahile svarUpAcaraNa Adi cAritra ke cAra bheda kiye gaye the aura unako vAsanA kAla meM vibhakta kiyA gayA thA, usa prakAra ke vyavahAropayogI bheda banAye jA sakate haiN| 1 parantu aise bheda gRhasthAzrama aura sanyAsAzrama Adi ke sAtha jor3e nahIM jA sakate | gRhastha bhI eka pakSase adhika vAsanA na kve, yaha ho sakatA hai; aura muni bhI adhika vAsanA rakkhe, yaha bhI ho sakatA hai / ye Azrama ke bheda to sAmAjika tathA vyaktigata 1 suvidhAoM ke liye banAye jAte haiM; inakA cAritra acAritra se koI sambandha nahIM hai| hA~ yaha bAta avazya hai ki jisane sanyAsa liyA hai. use cAritravAn avazya honA cAhiye / anyathA use sanyAsa lene kA -muni banane kA koI adhikAra nahIM hai, vaha to samAja ke liye bhAra hai 1 1 Atma vikAsa kI carama sImA taka donoM pahu~ca sakate haiM / isaliye isa sImA para pahu~cA huA gRhastha, isa sImA para na pahu~ca hue haz2AroM muniyoM se vaMdanIya haiM; aura isI prakAra isa sImA para pahu~cA huA muni isa sImA para na pahu~ca hue haz2AroM gRhasthoM se bandanIya hai /

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pUrNa aura apUrNa caritra] . [175 prazna-jaba gRhastha aura muni donoM hI Atma vikAsa kI carama sImA para pahu~ca sakate haiM, taba ma0 mahAvIra, ma0 buddha Adine gRhatyAga kyoM kiyA tathA kisI ko bhI muni banane kI z2arUratahI kyA hai ! samAja ko hI isa saMsthA kA bojha kyoM uThAnA cAhiye ! uttara--koI samaya aisA bhI ho sakatA hai, jaba isa saMsthA kI samAja ko AvazyakatA na rahe, tathA purAne DhaMgakI muni saMsthA to Aja bhI anAvazyaka hai, phira bhI isa saMsthAkI AvazyakatA hotI hai| yaha saba dezakAla tathA vyaktigata rucike Upara nirbhara hai / zrIrAma aura zrIkRSNa kA samaya aisA thA, unakI ruci aisI thI tathA unake sAdhana tathA paristhiti aisI thI ki ve gRhastha rahakara hI samAjakI sevA kara sakate the yahI bAta ma0 jarathusta tathA muhammada sAhiba Adi ke viSayameM bhI kahI jA sakatI hai| aura ma0 mahAvIra, ma0 baddha, 20 IsA Adi kI paristhiti aisI thI ki ve graha tyAga karake hI ThIka ThIka samAja sevA kara sakate the / muhamda sAhiba Adi gRhastha bana kara tIrthakara vyoM bane aura aura ma0 mahAbIra Adi muni banakara tIrthakara kyoM bane-isake aneka kAraNa hai / saMkSepa meM una kAraNoMkA varNana yahA~ kiyA jAtA hai: 1-do taraha ke manuSya hote haiM / eka to ve jinake Upara komalatAkA adhika prabhAva par3atA hai aura kaToratAse ve aura bhI adhika kharAba hote haiM / dUsare ve jina para komalatAkA prabhAva bahuta kama par3atA hai komalatA se balki ve sudhara hI nahIM sakate / unako to

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176] jainadharma-mImAMsA samAja kA kaMTaka samajha kara haTAnA hI par3atA hai| jisa samaya pahilI zreNI ke loga adhika hote haiM, usa samaya ma0 mahAvIra ma0 buddha Adi ke samAna tIrthakara hote haiM / aura jisa samaya dUsarI prakRti ke manuSya adhika hote haiM, usa samaya zrI rAma, zrIkRSNa Adi sarIkha avatAra hote haiN| rAvaNa aura kaMsa ke atyAcAroM ko dUra karane ke liye ma0 mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha sarAve loga kucha nahIM kara sakate the / korI kSamA aura kaSTa-sahiSNutA unake hRdaya ko nahIM pighalA sakatI thI / sadAzaya se kiye gaye zAnta AndolanoM ko bhI ve utanI hI nirdayatA se kucalate jitanI ki hiMsAtmaka AndolanoM ko kucalane meM kI / itanA hI nahIM; kintu zAnta manuSyoM ko kAyara aura kSudra samajhakara ve aura bhI adhika tAMDava karate / ina logoM ko sudhArane ke liye yA inake atyAcAroM se samAja kI rakSA ke liye rAma aura kRSNa kI AvazyakatA thI mahAvIra aura buddha kI nahIM / parantu mar3hatA meM DUbe hue jana samAja ke uddhAra ke liye rAmakA dhanuSa aura kRSNakA cakra yA rAjanaitika caturAI vyartha thii| unake liye to mahAvIra aura buddha ke samAna komala nIti vAloM kI AvazyakatA thii| kabhI kabhI aisA bhI hotA hai ki komala nIti se kAma karane vAle logoM ke sAmane eka samAja kA samAja atyAcAra karane para utArU ho jAtA hai aura vaha kisI ke janma siddha adhikAroM kI bhI parvAha nahIM karatA, balki sudhAraka para atyAcAra karane ko vaha dharma samajhatA hai aura usa para atyAcAroM dvArA vijaya prApta karane ko yaha nIti kI vijaya samajhatA hai / usa samaya zAnti-premI hone para bhI

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pUrNa aura apUrNa caritra ] [177 yA zastra mArga kA pathika na hone para bhI tIrthaMkara ko zastra pakar3anA par3atA hai, jaisA ki muhammada sAhiba ko pakar3anA par3A | matalaba yaha ki jisa z2amAne meM jisa prakRti ke loga satya ke virodhI hote haiM usako dabAne ke liye jisa nIti kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, tArthaMkara ko usI nAMti kA avalambana karanA par3atA hai / ma0 mahAvIra, ma0 buddha ko jana-sevA ke liye gRha-tyAga kI AvazyakatA thI, isaliye unane gRhatyAga kiyA aura zrIrAma tathA zrIkRSNa ko zastra uThAne kI AvazyakatA thI, isaliye unane vaisA kiyA, tathA muhammada sAhiba ko donoM kI AvazyakatA bhI yA bIca kA mArga pakar3anA thA, isaliye unane vaisA kiyA / isI prakAra anya tIrthaMkaroM ke viSaya meM bhI samajhanA cAhiye / 2 - gRha tyAga karane meM tathA gRhastha rahane meM vyaktigata ruci bhI kAraNa ho jAtI hai / koI tIrthaMkara samAja ke bhItara rahakara 1 samAja kA uddhAra karanA cAhatA hai aura koI samAja se alaga haTakara samAja kI sevA karanA cAhatA hai| donoM hI taraha se kArya ho sakatA hai; isaliye apanI-apanI ruci ke anusAra kArya karane kI zailI kA cunAva kara liyA jAtA hai / isa ruci meM usakI zikSA - saMgati kA asara to hotA hI hai, sAtha hI kucha ghaTanAcakra bhI isa ruci meM kAraNa ho jAtA hai| samAja meM donoM taraha ke prANI hote haiM - eka to mur3hatAvaza adharma karane vAle yA duHkha uThAne vAle dUsare zakti, sampatti Adi ke mada se atyAcAra karane vAle / ye donoM taraha ke prANI haraeka samAja meM prAyaH sarvadA hote haiM / yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki inameM se kisI eka dala kI

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178] [jainadharma-mImAMsA bahulatA ho / inameM se jo dala usa sudhAraka ziromaNi ke dRSTigocara hotA hai, usI kI tarafa usakI kArya-praNAlI dula jAtI hai / ma. buddha logoM ke svAbhAvika duHkha dekhakara kArya kSetra meM praveza karate haiM aura rAmacandrajI atyAcAriyoM ke atyAcAra sunakara kAryakSetra meM praveza karate haiM / isa prakAra donoM kI kArya-praNAlI judI judI ho jAtI hai / aura usI ke anusAra unakI ruci bana jAtI hai; parantu isakA yaha matalaba nahIM hai ki ve kArya kSetra meM saMkucita hote haiM / zrIkRSNa sudarzana cakra calAne ke sAtha mItA kA saMdeza bhI dete haiM aura ma0 mahAvIra, mRgAvatI aura caNDapradyota kI yuddhasthalI meM Akara yuddha kA aMta karAke mRgAvatI kI rakSA karate haiM / isa prakAra apanI apanI ruci ke anusAra kArya-praNAlI aMgIkAra karake bhI sabhI taraha ke tIrthakara samAja kA sarvatomukha sudhAra karate haiM / jisa prakAra vaidya, DAkTara aura hakIma tInoM hI roga ko dUra karate haiM yadyapi unakI cikitsA-praNAlI judI-judI hai, usI prakAra gRha-tyAgI aura * gRhastha tarthikaroM kI bAta samajhanA cAhiye / 3-yadyapi gRhastha avasthA meM rahakara manuSya apanA pUrNa vikAsa kara sakatA hai aura kabhI-kabhI to aisI paristhitiyA~ AtI haiM ki use gRhastha avasthA meM rahanA hI zreyaskara hotA hai tathApi sAdhAraNataH pUrNa loka-sevaka yA tIrthakara ko eka prakAra kA sanyAsa lenA par3atA hai / isa avasthA meM vaha ardhagRhastha yA muni ke samAna rahatA hai| isase use do lAbha hote haiM (ka) bhAra halakA hone se vaha loka-sevA kA kAma saralatA se kara sakatA hai / vyaktigata cintAoM meM use apanI zakti

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pUrNa aura apUrNa caritra] [179 vyaya nahIM karanA par3atI-isa prakAra usakI sArI zakti samAja-sevA meM jAtI hai / jagat ke choTe-choTe upadrava manuSya kI zakti ko kSINa kara dete haiN| parantu gRha-tyAgI unase baca jAtA hai| udAharaNArtha gRhasthAvasthA meM koI apamAna kara de aura sahana karanevAlA cupacApa sahana kara le to sAdhAraNataH loga use kAyara samajhate haiM, isalie use usa apamAna ke nirAkaraNa karane ke lie zakti lagAnI par3atI hai; parantu gRha-tyAgI hone para apamAna kA saha jAnA gaurava aura mahattA kA cinha samajhA jAtA hai / usake apamAna ko nirAkaraNa karane kA kAma samAja kA ho jAtA hai / jina ghaTanAoM yA truTiyoM se eka gahastha-kAyara, nirbala yA abhAgI kahalAtA hai, ve hI eka gRha-tyAgI ke lie zobhA kI cIna ho jAtI haiN| isase una kAryoM meM unakI zakti barabAda nahIM hotii| (kha) gRhasthAvasthA ke mAnasika kaSToM se baca jAtA hai| yadyapi use khAne-pIne rahane Adi kA kaSTa hotA hai aura bar3ha jAtA hai; parantu parAdhInatA, apamAna, gulAmI Adi ke kaSToM se baca jAtA hai / bar3e se bar3e gadazAha ke sAmane usako jhukane kI z2arUrata nahIM par3atI / isase vaha netRtva bhI kara sakatA hai| ___ yadyapi gRhastha veSa meM rahate hue bhI ye bAteM paidA ho sakatI haiM-huI hai aura hotI haiM; parantu usameM kucha asuvidhA rahatI hai| 4-kabhI kabhI kauTumbika paristhiti ke kAraNa bhI gRha-tyAga karane kI z2arUrata ho jAtI hai / kuTumbI qhAsakara patnI jaba apane hI samAna na ho, usakA svabhAva aura AvazyakatAe~ aisI hoM jisase vaha sAtha na de sakatI ho, taba bhI gRha tyAga karane kI

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180] [jainadharma-mImAMsA AvazyakatA hotI hai / patnI ko pati aura pati ko panA sirpha pratikUla hokara hI bAdhaka nahIM hote balki anukUla hokara ke bhI bAdhaka hote haiM / moha, jise ki loga prema samajhate haiM- esI bAdhAe~ upasthita karatA hai, taba tIrthakara yA krAntikAra kA gRha tyAga karanA par3atA hai| isa prakAra gRha tyAga ke aneka kAraNa haiM / jina tIrthaMkaroM ke sAmane ve kAraNa upasthita hote haiM, ve gRha tyAga karate haiM aura jinake sAmane ve kAraNa upasthita nahIM hote,ve gRha tyAga nahIM karate / tIrthakara ghara meM raheM yA vana meM, unameM niHsvAryatA aura nirliptatA rahatI hai| ghara meM rahate hue bhI ve gRha-tyAgI hote haiM / isase yaha bAta samajha meM A jAtI hai ki pUrNa-cAritra aura apUrNa cAritra kA sambandha gRhasthasaMsthA yA muni-saMsthA se nahIM hai| cAritra kI pUrNatA yA apUrNatA kA sambandha bhAvanA para nirbhara hai| pUrNa aura apUrNa cAritra kA sambandha gahasya aura muni-saMsthA se ho yA na ho; parantu ina donoM saMsthAoM ke bAhirI niyamoM meM kucha na kucha antara rakhanA par3egA / yaha bahuta kucha sambhava hai ki kisI avasthA meM muni saMsthA haTA dI jAya; parantu adhikAMza samaya meM isa saMsthA kI AvazyakatA rahatI hai / hA~, eka taraha kI vikRta muni-saMsthA tor3akara dUsarI taraha kI muni-saMsthA banAI jA sakatI hai| usakA sthAna bhI U~cA-nIcA badalA jA sakatA hai, Arthika dRSTi se use adhika svAvalambI banAyA jA sakatA hai / isa prakAra isameM bahuta parivartana hue haiM-hote haiN|

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munisaMsthA ke niyama ] [181 purAnI hai / the / Aja to 1 isaliye Aja AvazyakatA hai / vartamAna kI jaina muni-saMsthA DhAI hajAra varSa bIca meM kucha saMzodhana hue the; parantu ve nAmamAtra ke vaha kaI taraha se nirupayogI aura vikRta ho gaI hai, usameM sAdhAraNa sudhAra nahIM, kintu krAMti kI digambara aura zvetAmbara sampradAyoM meM muniyoM ke lie jo kucha niyama banAye gaye haiM, unakA prayojana kyA hai, eka samaya meM ve upayogI hone para bhI Aja ve nirupayogI kyoM haiM aura unako kyoM haTAnA cAhiye tathA unheM haTAkara dUsare kauna se niyama lAnA cAhiye, isI bAta kA yahA~ vivecana kiyA jAtA hai 1 muni-saMsthA ke niyama agara muni-saMsthA khar3I kI jAya yA rakkhI jAya to usake niyama kaise honA cAhiye, isakA uttara deza - kAla kI paristhiti ke anusAra hI diyA jA sakatA hai / muni-saMsthA kI AvazyakatA ke viSaya meM do bAteM kahI jA sakatI haiN| eka vaiyaktika AvazyakatA, dUsarI sAmAjika AvazyakatA / jina niyamoM ke AdhAra se ina AvazyakatAoM kI adhika se adhika pUrti ho una niyamoM ke AdhAra para hI muni-saMsthA ke niyama banAnA cAhiye / jo manuSya zArIrika kaSToM kI parvAha nahIM karate, kintu mAnasika-zAnti cAhate haiM aura isa prakAra kI mAnasika-zAnti meM hI jinako bahuta Ananda milatA hai, ve muni-saMsthA meM jur3a jAte haiM yA muni ho jAte haiM / yaha vaiyaktika AvazyakatA hai /

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182] [jaina-dharma-mImAMsA samAja ko aise sevakoM kI AvazyakatA rahatI hai jo niHsvArtha . bhAva se kAma kareM / vaitanika sevakoM se jo kAma nahIM ho sakatA yA acchI taraha nahIM ho sakatA, isa prakAra kI sevA kA kAma eka barga kare, usake liye sAdhu-saMsthA kI AvazyakatA samAja ko hotI hai / isa prakAra vyakti aura samAja paraspara upakAra karate haiM / sAdhu, jIvana-nirvAha kI sAmagrI-bhale hI yaha kama se kama ho-samAja ke pAsa se letA hai| itanA hI nahIM, kintu apane rakSaNa kI samasyA bhI vaha samAja se sulajhavAtA hai| Aja gRhastha hokara agara koI apamAnita ho to dUsare unakI itanI parvAha nahIM karate, balki use nirbala yA dabbU samajhakara mana hI mana use nIcI nigAha se dekhane lagate haiM, parantu sAdhu ke viSaya meM bAta ulTI hai / sAdhu ke apamAna ko samAja apanA hI apamAna samajhatA hai, isaliye vaha sAdhu kA apamAna hone nahIM detA, aura isase bhI bar3I bAta to yaha hai ki jo sAdhu apamAna vagairaha ko sahana kara jAtA hai use samAja aura bhI adhika zraddhA kI dRSTi se dekhatA hai / jisa avasthA meM gRhastha kI mahattA ghaTatI hai usa avasthA meM sAdhu kI mahattA bar3hatI hai / gRhastha-avasthA meM aneka jagaha sira jhukAnA par3atA hai jaba ki sAdhu bar3e se bar3e maharddhika ke sAmane sira nahIM jhukAtA / yaha saba samAja kA, sAdhu ke Upara bar3A upakAra hai, isaliye use sArI zakti lagAkara samAja kI sevA karanA cAhiye / ___ jo AdamI samAja se, sevA se adhika badalA letA hai athavA samAja ko anAvazyaka kaSTa detA hai, vaha sAdhu kahalAne ke lAyaka nahIM hai, aura na ve niyama sAdhu-pada ke niyama kahe nA sakate haiM

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munisaMsthA ke niyama ] [183 jo loka-hitakara kAryoM meM bAdhA DAlate hai / sAdhu-saMsthA bhI eka aisI saMsthA hai jaisI aneka laukika saMsthAe~ haiM, isaliye unake samAna usakI vyavasthA ke niyama bhI badalate rahanA caahiye| jaina-zAstroM meM sAdhuoM ke jo mUla guNa haiM, unameM kitane Avazyaka haiM aura kitane anAvazyaka ! aura unameM kucha niyama banAne kI AvazyakatA hai ki nahIM ! Adi samasyAe~ vicAraNIya haiM / ____ jaina-zAmoM meM sAdhuoM ke sattAIsa yA aTThAIsa mUla-guNa kahe gaye haiN| digambara-zAstroM meM 28 haiM aura zvetAmbara zAstroM meM 27 / digambara jaina sAdhuoM ke* 28 mUlaguNa ye haiM--- 5 mahAvrata, 5 samiti, 5 indriyavijaya, 6 Avazyaka, 1 kezaloMca, 1 nagratA, 1 snAna nahIM karanA, 1 z2amIna para sonA, 1 datauna nahIM karanA, 1 khar3e-khar3e AhAra lenA, 1 dina meM sirpha eka bAra hI bhojana lenaa| zvetAmbara sampradAya meM mUla-guNa 27 haiM aura unake do pATha mujhe mile haiM / pahilA pATha samavAyAMga : sUtra kA yaha hai - * paMcaya mahavvayAI samidIA paMca jimavarahiTThA / paMcaviMdiyarohA gappaya AvAsayA loco // 2 // aJcalakamaNhANaM khidisayaNamadaMtaghassaNaM ceva / ThidimAyaNeyamacaM mUlaguNA ahavIsAdu // // -mUlAcAra, mUlaguNadhikAra sattAvIsaM aNagAra guNA pa0 taM0 pANa!izAyAoM vesnaNaM. musAvAyA) beramaNaM, AdiNNAdANAo veramaNaM mehuNAo veramaNaM, pariggAhAjo beramaNaM, soiMdiya nimgahe, cavikhadiya nimgahe, jibhidiya niggahe phArsidiya nimga

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184] [jainadharma-mImAMsA 5 ahiMsAdi-vrata, 5 indriya-vijaya, . krodhAdi cAra viveka, 3 satya (bhAva-satya, karaNa-satya, yoga-satya), 1 kSamA, 1 virAgatA, 3 mana-vacana-kAya kI samAharaNatA arthAt unakI burAiyoM ko rokanA, 1 jJAnayuktatA, 1 darzanayuktatA, 1 caritrayuktatA, 1 vedanA sahana karanA arthAt ThaMDa garmI kA kaSTa sahana karanA, 1 maraNa kA kaSTa sahana karanA athavA aisA upasarga sahana karanA jisase mRtyu hone kI sambhAvanA ho| dUsare + pATha ke anusAra 27 mUla-guNa nimna likhita haiM6 vrata (pA~ca vratoM meM eka rAtri-bhojana tyAga jor3a dene se ), 6 SaTkAya ke jIvoM kI rakSA, 5 paMcendriya damana, 1 lobha damana, 1 kSamA, 1 bhAva vizuddhi, 1 yanAcAra pUrvaka saphAI karanA, 1 saMyamayuktatA, 3 mana-vacana-kAya kI burAiyoM kA rokanA, 1 zItoSNa Adi ke kaSTa sahanA, 1 maraNopasarga sahanA / ___ isa mUla-guNoM meM nAmoM kA bheda hone para bhI vastusthiti meM koI vizeSa antara nahIM pdd'taa| mUla guNoM meM bahuta se mula-guNa aise haiM ki jinakA nAma nahIM AyA hai athavA uttara-guNoM meM koha vivege, mANavivege. mAyAvivege lohAvivege mAvasaJce, karaNasacce, jogasacce khamA, virAgayA, maNasamAha NayA, vaya samAharaNayA, kAya samAharaNayA, NANasaM. paNNayA, caritta saMpaNNayA, bayaNa ahiyAsaNayA, mAraNaMtiya ahiyaasnnyaa| chanvaya chakAya rakkhA paMcidiya lohanimgahI khNtii| mAvavizuddhI paDilehaNA ya karaNe visaddhI ya / / saMjama joe jucI akusala maNavayaNakAya sNrohii| sImAzpIDasahaNaM maraNaM upasaggasahaNaM c|

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munisaMsthA ke niyama ] [185 jinakA nAma AyA hai parantu jinakA pAlana mUla-guNoM ke samAna hotA hai / jaise digambara sampradAya ke mUla guNoM meM rAtri bhojana tyAga nahIM hai parantu koI muni rAtri-bhojana nahIM kara sakatA / isI prakAra kezaloMca, snAna nahIM karanA, datAna nahIM karanA, ina kA nAma zvetAmbara mUla-guNoM meM nahIM AyA hai, parantu pratyeka zvetAmbara muni ko inakA pAlana mUla-guNoM ke samAna hI karanA par3atA hai / khaira, dekhanA yaha hai ki ina mUla-guNoM meM aba kitane rakhane lAyaka haiM aura kitane aba bilkula nikamme hai aura kitane acche hokara ke bhI mUla guNoM kI nAmAvali meM rakhane lAyaka nahIM haiM / 1 pA~ca vrata - saca pUchA jAya to muniyoM ke mUla - guNa ahiMsA Adika pA~ca vrata hI haiM / parantu inake pAlana kA rUpa parivartanIya hai | ahiMsA Adi kA vistRta vivecana pahile kiyA gayA hai, usI ke anusAra muni ko ahiMsA kA pAlana karanA cAhiye / ahiMsA ke nAma para pRthvIkAya, jalakAya Adi kI rakSA ke jo sUkSma niyama haiN| anAvazyaka haiM; ve mUla - guNa meM nahIM rakhe jA sakate / hA~, agara. kisI kartavya meM bAdhA na AtI ho to yathAzakti unakA pAlana kiyA jAya to koI hAni nahIM hai / svAstha rakSA Adi kA khayAla na rakhakara una niyamoM kA pAlana karanA anucita hai / 1 pahile jo ahiMsA Adi kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai usameM ahiMsA, satya aura acaurya kI jo vyAkhyA kI gaI hai vaha gRhastha aura sAdhu donoM ko eka sarIkhI hai| sAdhu aura zrAvaka meM jo bheda hogA vaha kisI qhAsa kArya dvArA vibhakta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA

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186] (jainadharma-mImAMsA hA~, sAdhu parigraha-tyAgI hone se ArambhI-hiMsA Adi ke avasara use kama prApta hoMge, tathA usake pariNAmoM kI nirmalatA bhI zrAvaka kI apekSA adhika hogI; basa ahiMsA, satya aura acArya kI dRSTi se sAdhu zrAvaka meM itanA hI bheda hogaa| sAdhu aura zrAvaka kA bheda mukhyataH parigraha kI dRSTi se hai / aparigraha ke prakaraNa meM aparigraha kI chaH zreNiyA~ batalAI gaI haiN| unameM se prArambha kI tIna zreNiyA~ sAdhu ke liye haiM aura bAkI zrAvaka ke liye| aparigraha ke isa bheda kA prabhAva brahmacarya para bhI par3atA hai| sAdhAraNataH sAdhu ko bhI sirpha saMkalpA-maithuna kA hI tyAgI honA cAhiye / parantu kisI bhI prakAra ke maithuna se santAna hone kI sambhAvanA hai aura jahAM santAna paidA huI ki usake liye aparigraha kI prArambhika tIna zreNiyoM meM rahanA asambhava nahIM to kaThina avazya hai, isaliye yaha ucita hai ki vaha brahmacArI rahe / agara strI-puruSa donoM jIvita haiN| aura doneM! hI sAdhu-saMsthA ke Azraya meM jIvana vyatIta karanA cAI aura unakI umara vAnaprastha banane ke yogya na ho to yaha z2arUrI hai ki ve donoM sammAtipUrvaka kRtrima upAya se santAna nirodha kareM aura yathAzakti adhika se adhika brahmacarya kA pAlana kareM / aparigrahI banane ke liye santAnotpatti kA rokanA Avazyaka hai / hA~, agara koI aisA sAmyavAdI samAja ho, jahA~ santAna bhI samAja kI saMpatti hotI ho tathA samAja ko santAna kI atyadhika AvazyakatA ho to isa niyama meM

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munisaMsthA ke niyama] [187 bhI apavAda kiyA jA sakatA hai; parantu sAdhAraNataH rAjamArga utsarga mArga-vahI hai / kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki santAna kI samasyA aparigraha-vrata ke pAlana karane meM bAdhaka hai, isaliye saMtAnotpatti ke mArga se bacanA cAhiye, aura prArambha kI tIna zreNiyoM meM se kisI bhI eka zreNI kA aparigrahI banakara sAdhu bananA caahiye| sAdhu-saMsthA meM isa prakAra ke pA~ca mUla guNa Avazyaka hai| pA~ca mamiti-yapi pA~ca mahAsatoM meM pA~ca samitiyA~ zAmila ho jAtI haiM phira bhI jisa samaya logoM kA jIvana pravRtibahula hogayA thA aura usameM Avazyaka nivRtti ko bhI ucita sthAna nahIM raha gayA thA, usa samaya pravRttiyoM ko sImita karane ke liye pA~ca samitiyoM kA alaga sthAna banAyA gayA hai / parantu maiM kaha cukA hU~ ki pravRtti bhI agara kalyANakara ho to dharma hai aura nivRtti bhI agara akalyANakara ho to pApa hai, isaliye nivatti ko dharma kI kasauTI banAnA ThIka nahIM / isaliye pA~ca samitiyoM ko alaga sthAna nahIM diyA jA sakatA; ve pA~ca mahAvratoM meM zAmila haiN| pA~ca samitiyoM meM pahilI ryA-samiti hai / isakA artha hai, calane phirane meM yatnAcAra karanA dina meM hI calanA cAhiye, dhIre dhIre calanA cAhiye, Age Age cAra hAtha jamIna dekhate hue . calanA cAhiye, ityAdi rUpa meM isakA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai / hAthI ghor3A gAr3I Adi kA upayoga bhI nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| niHsandeha ye niyama Adarza haiM aura eka samaya ke liye Avazyaka

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188] [jainadharma-mImAMsA bhI ye; parantu Aja ye niyama pragati meM bAdhaka haiN| rela, jahAja, vAyuyAna, moTara Adi sAdhanoM ke bar3ha jAne se manuSya kA kAryakSetra khaba vyApaka ho gayA hai| aura eka samAja-sevaka ke liye kabhI kabhI lambI yAtrA karanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai, isaliye inakA upayoga bhI anivArya ho jAtA hai| usa samaya IryAsamiti usake kArya meM bAdhaka ho jAtI hai, isaliye ise mUla guNoM meM nahIM rakha skte| kisI kI rakSA karane ke liye yA aura bhI kisI taraha kI sevA ke liye rAta meM calanA par3e, yA jaldI jaldI bhAganA par3e to IryA-samiti kA pAlana nahIM ho sktaa| isa prakAra IryA-samiti kI oTa meM apanI vaha akarmaNyatA ko chupAtA hai tathA samAja kA nukasAna karatA hai / kabhI kabhI kisI zArIrika bAdhA ke liye bhI rAtri meM calanA yA zIghra calanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai / usa samaya yadi vaha IyA-samiti ke liye svAsthya ke niyamoM kA bhaMga kare yA dUsaroM se IryA-samiti kA kaI guNA bhaMga karAve to yaha bhI anucita hai, isaliye ina saba niyamoM kA rakhanA Avazyaka nahIM hai / kartavya meM bAdhA na par3e, phira jitanI IryA-samiti kA pAlana kiyA jAya utanA hI acchA hai, parantu ise mUla guNa meM zAmila nahIM kara skte| dusarI bhASA-samiti hai| isameM bhASA ke doSa dUra karake sva-para-hitakArI vacana bolane kI AvazyakatA hai, nirarthaka hAstha aura bakavAda kA tyAga hai, parantu isakA sArA kArya satya-vrata se ho sakatA hai, isaliye isako alaga ginAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| hA~, nirarthaka hAsya vagairaha kA niSedha isameM AtA hai; parantu

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munisaMsthA ke niyama ] [189 manovinoda ke liye agara aisA hAsya kiyA jAya jisase para-niMdA na hotI ho, ahiMsA aura satya kA bhaMga na hotA ho to usake tyAga kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / AvazyakatA hone para koI mauna dhAraNa kare, kisI se bAtacIta na kare yA kama kare to usako koI burA nahIM kahatA, parantu yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai / jitanA Avazyaka hai vaha satyavrata ne A cukA hai, isaliye bhASA samiti kA bhI alaga ullekha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / tosarI eSaNA-samiti hai| isameM nirdoSa AhArAdi kA vidhAna hai / isa viSaya meM itane adhika sUkSma* niyama haiM ki una sabakA varNana karane se bahuta vistAra ho jAyagA / purona samaya kI sAdhu-saMsthA jaisI thI usake liye ve niyama upayogI the, aura usameM isa bAta kA pUrA qhayAla rakhA gayA thA ki sAdhu-saMsthA ke kAraNa gRhasthoM ko koI kaSTa na ho, tathA sAdhuoM kI kisI kriyA se apratyakSa-rUpa meM bhI hiMsA na ho, dUsare bhikSukoM ko bhI koI bAdhA na pahu~ce, isaliye muni ke bhojana meM uddiSTAhAra-tyAga kA mukhya sthAna hai / jo bhojana apane nimitta se banAyA gayA ho vaha bhojana sAdhu ke liye aprAya hai / isakA mukhya uddeza yahI thA ki sAdhu ke liye gRhasthoM ko koI kaSTa na ho, sAdhu ke bhojana kI gRhasthoM ko koI cintA na karanA par3e aura na viziSTa bhojana taiyAra karanA par3e / sAdhu akasmAt kisI galI se nikala jAtA thA aura jo bhI use bulAtA usake yahA~ zuddhAhAra milane para bhojana kara letA; parantu eka ghara meM pUrA bhojana karane se usa gRhastha ko kucha takalIfa hone kI sambhAvanA thI, isaliye dusarI rIti yaha bI * dekho nUlAcAra piMDyuddhi adhikAra /

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190] .. [jainadharma mImAMsA ki aneka gRhasthoM ke yahA~ se thor3A-thor3A bhojana mA~gakara bhojana kiyA jAya / Ajakala pahilI rIti digambara sampradAya meM pracalita hai aura dUsarI rIti zvetAmbara sampradAya meM / hA~, muni hone ke pahile kSullaka avasthA meM digambara loga bhI aneka ghara se bhikSA mA~ganA ucita samajhate haiM / jahA~ taka uddiSTa-tyAga kA sambandha hai vahA~ taka yaha dUsarI vidhi hI adhika upayukta mAlUma hotI hai; kyoMki kisI AdamI ko agara bhara-peTa bhojana karAnA ho to usake uddeza se kucha na kucha banAnA par3egA, athavA Ane liye banAyA gayA mejana use dekara apane liye dusarA bhojana banAnA pdd'egaa| __uddiSTAhAra-tyAga ke jo niyama haiM ve bahuta sUkSma haiM / unase mAlUma hotA hai ki mahAtmA mahAvIra ne isa bAta kA pUrA khayAla rakkhA thA ki sAdhu loga samAja ko kaSTa na deN| bhojana ke viSaya meM bahuta-sI bAteM jAnane yogya haiM / jaise jisa bhojana ke taiyAra karane meM hiMsA huI ho, jo jainamuniyoM ke liye, dUsare sAdhuoM ke liye, garIboM ke liye yo aura kisI ke liye banAyA gayA ho, sAdhu ko dekhakara banato huI sAmagrI meM kucha bar3hA liyA gayA ho, vA turanta kharIda kara gayA gayA ho, yA kisI dUsarI cIz2a se badala liyA gayA ho, bhA udhAra liyA gayA ho, jise nikAlane ke liye aTArI [bhaTTAlikA] bhAdi para car3hanA par3A ho, yA bAlaka ko dudha pilAnA banda karanA par3A ho, jo bhojana kisI ke dabAva se diyA gayA ho, apane

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sunisaMsthA ke niyama ] [191 sahayogiyoM ke manA karane para bhI diyA gayA ho, vaha saba bhojana muni ke liye agrAhma hai | isI prakAra kisI ko khuza karake AhAra lenA, jhUThI-saccI bAtoM kA anumodana karake, yA vidyA vagairaha kI AzA dilAkara yA kucha auSadha Adi dekara AhAra lenA bhI anucita hai / . uddiSTAhAra tyAga kA mukhya kAraNa yahI hai ki samAja ko kaSTa na ho, sAdhu-saMsthA samAja ke liye bojha na bana jAya / dUsarA kAraNa yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki isase viSaya - lolupatA na A jAya, icchAnusAra bhojana na milane se rasanA -indriya kA vijaya ho; parantu ina donoM prayojanoM kI siddhi nahIM ho rahI hai / bhAja eka nimantrita vyakti kI apekSA uddiSTa tyAga kA bAhyAcAra dikhalAnevAlA vyakti samAja ke liye adhika kaSTaprada hai / nimantraNa se to eka vyakti ke liye eka AdamI ko bhojana taiyAra karanA par3atA hai aura agara usameM rasanA - indriya jItane kI icchA ho to nimantrita hokara ke bhI jIta sakatA hai / nimantraNa meM sAdA bhojana bhI kiyA bA sakatA hai; parantu uddiSTanyAgI ke liye to saikar3oM manuSyoM ko bhojana taiyAra karanA par3atA hai| agara eka bhI muni bhojanArthI hotA hai to gA~va ke sabhI gRhasthoM ko eka eka AdamI kI rasoI adhika banAnA par3atI hai| itanA hI nahIM balki vaha rasoI bhI basAdhAraNa hotI hai / isase zakti se adhika kharca bhI hotA hai / isakI apekSA nimaMtraNa svIkAra kara liyA jAya to samAja ko bahuta kama kaSTa ho /

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192] [jainadharma-mImAMsA agara aneka gharoM se bhikSA lAye to eka ghara ke bhojana se kucha acchA z2arUra hai, parantu usameM bhI kucha hAni hai; kyoMki isase sAbu phAlatU anna bhI mA~ga lAtA hai| bhojana kI mAtrA se bhI adhika mA~ga lAtA hai / jaba taka svAdiSTa bhojana na mile, taba taka aneka dharoM se mA~gatA hI rahatA hai / isaliye uddiSTasyAga ke vidhAna ke jo do prayojana the, ve siddha nahIM ho pAte / prazna - uddiSTa-tyAga kA eka tIsarA prayojana bhI hai ki isa se sAdhu pApa kI anumodanA se bacA rahatA hai| bhojana taiyAra karane meM choTe bar3e aneka Arambha karanA par3ate haiM / agara vaha bhojana sAdhu ke uddeza se banAyA jAya aura sAdhu use grahaNa kare to bhojana ke Arambha kA pApa sAdhu ko bhI lagegA / uddiSTa-tyAga meM vaha pApa sirpha gRhastha ko lagatA hai, sAdhu usase bacA rahatA hai / uttara -pahile hiMsA ahiMsA ke vivecana meM yaha spaSTa kara diyA gayA hai ki jo Arambha jIvana ke liye anivArya hai, usameM yathAzakti yatnAcAra karane se pApa nahIM rahatA / koI vastu hamArA nAma lekara banAI jAya yA binA nAma ke banAI jAya parantu agara hama usakA upayoga karate haiM to usake pApa se hama Tipsa hue binA nahIM raha sakate; kyoMki binA kisI uddeza ke nahIM kiyA jAtA / bhojana jo banAyA jAtA hai, usameM hai usI kA udeza rahatA hai, bhale hI usakA nAma na liyA gayA ho| bAjAra meM bikanevAlI cIja kA puNya-pApa usI ke sira hai jo use kharIdatA hai / isI prakAra Arambha meM agara pApa hai to anudi koI kAma jo khAtA

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munisaMsthA ke niyama [193 bhojana karanevAlA muni bhI usa pApa se baca nahIM sktaa| uddiSTa-tyAga kI zarta ko anivArya kara dene se kaI bar3e bar3e nukasAna bhI haiM / koI bhI deza apanI Arthika paristhiti Adi ke kAraNa bhikSAvRtti ko kAnUna se banda kara de to isa prakAra kI sAdhu-saMsthA isa prakAra ke kAnUna banAne meM bAdhaka hogI. athavA apane liye kucha aise apavAda rakhavAyagI jisase vaha bhikSA le ske| lekina isa eka hI apavAda se sabhI sampradAya ke sAdhu isa prakAra kA apavAda cAheMge aura unheM denA hI par3egA / taba . sAdhuveSI bhikSukoM kI saMkhyA lAkhoM para pahuMcegI aura vaha kAnUna nirarthaka ho jAyagA / yadi isa prakAra ke kAnUna banAnevAloM kA jora jyAdaha huA to isa sAdhu-saMsthA ko uThA denA par3egA yA corI se calAnA par3egA; parantu yaha saba anucita hai / isI se lagatI huI dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki isase akarmaNyoM kI saMkhya bar3hatI hai / loga parizrama karane ko pApa aura bhikSAvRtti ko-jisameM harAmakhorI ke liye sabase adhika guMjAiza hai-puNya samajhane lagate haiM / sAdhu loga, samAja ke dvArA poSita honA apanA haka samajha lete haiM aura samAja ko icchA na rahate hue bhI, bhUkhoM na mara jAya, isa Dara se bhojana karAnA hI par3atA hai / isa prakAra sAdhuoM ke jIvana meM bejimmedArI aura samAja ke Upara eka bojha ladatA hai / yadyapi sAdhu-saMsthA kA pula na kucha bojha samAja ko uThAnA hI par3atA hai parantu baha. isa daMga kA anivArya na honA cAhiye aura sAdhu-saMsthA ke liye nimalikhita meM mArga khule rahanA cAhiyeH agara koI desarA upAya na ho to rAste meM calate calate

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19.] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA jo koI use bulA le aura usake yahA~ usake lAyaka zuddha-bhojana mila sake to bhojana kara le| 2-athavA, thor3A thor3A aneka gharoM se mA~gakara bhojana kara le| 3-agara koI nimantraNa kare to usake yahA~ bhojana kara le| -4-apane parizrama se paidA kiye paise se bhojana qharIdakara yA bhojana kA sAmAna kharIdakara svayaM taiyAra karake bhojana kara le| isase sAdhu meM bez2immedArI na A pAyegI aura samAja ko sAdhu-samAja kI cintA na karanA par3egI, kyoMki usake liye svayaM parizrama karane kA mArga khulA rahegA / hA~, AvazyakatA ke liye bAkI tIna mArga bhI khule rheNge| prazna-yadi samAja sAdhuoM ke liye koI Azrama banA de aura sAdhu loga vahA~ bhojana kareM to vaha bhojana uparyukta cAra zreNiyoM meM se kisa zreNI meM samajhA jAyagA ? uttara-cauthI zreNI meM; kyoMki Azrama meM rahakara vaha kucha kAma karegA aura usa kAma ke badale meM bhojana legA, muphta meM nahIM / hA~, ativRddha hone para yA atirugNa hone para vaha penzana ke taura para bhojana le sakatA hai / parantu isa prakAra kI penzana denA na denA samAja kI icchA para nirbhara hai, athavA usakI pUrva sevAoM para yA bhaviSya meM honevAlI sevA kI AzA para nirbhara hai| prazna-sAdhu ke liye isa prakAra bhojana ke aneka mArga kholakara jahA~ Apane usake sira para jimmedArI lAdI hai aura

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munisaMsthA ke niyama] [195 / samAja kA bojha kucha halakA kara diyA hai, vahA~ sAdhu ko bhojana ke viSaya meM svatantratA dekara niraMkuza bhI banA diyA hai / isase samAja kA dabAva usake sira para na rahegA, vaha kisI taraha paisA paidA kara samAja ke virodha meM bhI khar3A ho skegaa| uttara-jisa samaya samAja meM usake pakSa kA eka bhI AdamI na raha jAyagA, usa samaya vaha sAdhu kahalAkara raha bhI nahIM sktaa| vaha sAdhu-saMsthA se alaga kara diyA jA sakegA / usa samaya usake liye bhojana kA cauthA mArga hI raha jAyagA / vaha mArga to avazya khulA rahanA cAhiye, nahIM to vaha cora aura DakaitoM meM zAmila ho jAyagA / samAja ne use sAdhu nahIM mAnA, basa yahI kyA kama daMDa hai ! yadi usake pakSa meM kucha loga haiM taba to uddiSTa tyAgI hokara ke bhI vaha 'tAgaDadhinnA' kara sakegA; kyoMki usake bhakta usakI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti kareMge / saca bAta to yaha hai ki sabase kaThina mArga apane parizrama se paidA karake khAnA hai / thor3I-sI gar3a. bar3I hone para isI cauthe mArga kA sahArA lenA par3egA aura isameM usakI pUrI kasauTI ho jAyagI / isa viSaya meM eka bAta aura hai ki koI AdamI sAdhu kahalAtA rahe aura sAdhutA kA pAlana na kare to bhI vaha Aja ke samAna bhayaMkara na hogA; kyoMki samAja ke Upara usake poSaNa kA bojha na rahegA aura Ajakala sAdhu-veSa dhAraNa karane se hI loga jisa prakAra sAtaveM AsamAna para car3ha jAte haiM, dUsaroM se pUjA karAnA apanA haka samajhate haiM, vaha bAta pIche na rahegI / usa samaya to guNa aura samAja-sevA ke anusAra hI upacAra binaya kA pAlana hogA, veSa ke anusAra nahIM / isa prakAra

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196] [jainadharma-mImAMsA uddiSTatyAga anivArya nahIM hai| __bhojana ke viSaya meM aura bhI bahuta se niyama haiM jaise amuka cIz2a ko dekhakara bhojana nahIM lenA Adi; parantu ina sabakA uddeza yahI thA ki jisase manuSya sahRdaya banA rahe / koI manuSya ro rahA ho aura sAdhu bhojana kare to isase kucha khArthaparatA yA nirdayatA mAlUma hotI hai, athavA kisI bhakSya-padArtha meM mAMsa Adi kA saMkalpa ho jAya aura phira bhI use khAyA jAya to isase abhakSya se glAni ghaTa jAtI hai / sAdhaka avasthA meM ina manovRttiyoM ko banAye rakhane kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, parantu ina antarAyoM ke hone para bhojana kA chUTa jAnA eka bAta hai aura chor3a denA dUsarI bAta / bahuta se logoM ko glAni to hotI nahIM hai, parantu dikhAne ke liye chor3a dete haiM, tathA dUsare logoM para bigar3a par3ate haiM / isa prakAra kI kRtrimatA anAvazyaka hai| svacchatA ke niyamoM kA pAlana karanA tathA hiMsA Adi se bace rahanA ucita hai; parantu kutte ke bhauMkane se aura billI ke bolane se antarAya mAnanA, choTe choTe bahAne nikAlakara mojana chor3akara bhojana karAnevAle ko lajita karanA ucita nahIM hai| bhojana tabhI chor3anA cAhiye jaba svabhAva se itanI glAni A jAya ki bhojana na kiyA jAya / isa viSaya meM niyama banAnA yA antarAyoM kI saMkhyA ginAnA anAvazyaka hai| eSaNA-samiti para vicAra karate samaya sacittAcitta para vicAra karanA bhI Avazyaka hai / mAMsa vagairaha trasa-hiMsAjanya padAthoM kA tyAga karanA Avazyaka hai / parantu jaina-samAja meM vanaspati ke

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munisaMsthA ke niyama [197 viSaya meM kucha bAhyADambara phailA huA hai / jainAcAryoM ne prANi-zAstra kA adhyayana karake yaha nirNaya kiyA thA ki kucha vanaspatiyA~ aisI haiM jinameM ananta jIva rahate haiM / kanda-mUla Adi isI zreNI meM samajhe jAte haiM, tathA vanaspatiyoM kI kucha avasthAe~ aisI haiM jaba unameM ananta jIva hote haiM / banaspati meM jaba naseM nahIM mAlUma hotI unakI svacA bahuta moTI hotI hai yA dala se milI rahatI hai, taba bhI ve ananta jIva-vAlI hotI haiM / jainAcAryoM kI yaha khoja avazya hI unakI adhyayanazIlatA kA paricaya detI hai / parantu isI AdhAra para jo bhakSyAbhakSya kA vicAra cala par3A hai, vaha ThIka nahIM hai| kisI vanaspati meM ananta jIva mAnane kA yahI artha hai ki usameM itane adhika jIva haiM jinako hama jAna nahIM sakate / yaha bahuta sambhava hai ki unameM bahuta jIva hoM, parantu . sirpha isIliye unako abhakSya kahanA anucita hai / kyoMki eka zarIra meM ananta yA atyadhika jIva batalAne kA artha yahI hai ki una jIvoM kA vikAsa bahuta thor3A huA hai, unameM caitanya kI mAtrA pratyeka vanaspavi kI apekSA anantaveM bhAga hai / aisI hAlata meM ina avikasita sAdhAraNa prANiyoM kA bhakSaNa karanA pratyeka vanaspati ke bhakSaNa kI apekSA kucha adhika ucita hai| jisa prakAra aneka ekendriya jIvoM ko mArane kI apekSA eka trasa kI hatyA meM adhika pApa hai, isI taraha aneka sAdhAraNa vanaspati ko mArane kI apekSA eka pratyeka vanaspati ke mArane meM adhika pApa hai / parantu pratyeka vanaspati ko bhakSaNa karane ke binA hamArA kAma nahIM cala sakatA tathA ekendriya jIvoM kI hiMsA anivArya hai, isaliye pratyeka

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198] (jainadharma-mImAMsA tathA sAdhAraNa vanaspati kA vicAra kiye binA hameM prasa-hiMsA kA hI qhayAla rakhanA cAhiye / hA~, anAvazyaka sthAvara-badha na karanA 'caahiye| sAdhAraNa vanaspati kA tyAga eka dusarI dRSTi se ucita hai, parantu vaha saba sAdhAraNa vanaspatiyoM kA nahIM / pratyeka vanaspati bhI eka samaya sAdhAraNa avasthA meM se gujaratI hai, jaba ki usameM nasa guThalI Adi nahIM hotii| jo vanaspati anta taka sAdhAraNa rahanevAlI hai usake bhakSaNa karane meM to koI doSa nahIM hai, jaise-AlU Adi / parantu jo vanaspati sAdhAraNa avasthA ko pAra karake pratyeka vanaspati banegI usakA upayoga sAdhAraNa avasthA meM na karanA cAhiye, yaha tyAga ahiMsA kI dRSTi se nahIM hai kintu aparigraha kI dRSTi se hai / kisI phala ko usakI sAdhAraNa avasthA meM naSTa kara dene se usase utanA lAbha nahIM uThAyA jA sakatA jitanA ki usakI pratyeka avasthA meM uThAyA jA sakatA hai / Ama kA eka phala koI usa avasthA meM khA jAya jaba usameM guThalI, dala, aura tvacA kA bheda hI nahIM thA to samAja kI sampatti meM se eka phala ko barbAda kara denA hai / sAdhAraNa vanaspati ke tyAga kI upayogitA kA yaha choTA-sA pramANa hai, ise niyama kA rUpa nahIM diyA jA sktaa| hA~, ise bhAvanA kaha sakate haiN| manuSya ko isa prakAra kI bhAvanA rakhanA cAhiye tathA kisI acche kArya meM bAdhA DAle binA yathAzaki aisI sAdhAraNa vanaspati kI hiMsA se bace rahanA cAhiye / eSaNA-samiti ke viSaya meM bahuta bAteM haiM, parantu itane vivecana se usakA marma samajha meM A jAtA hai / vartamAna meM jo eSaNA

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munisaMsthA ke niyama [199 samiti kA rUpa hai vaha dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva ke badala jAne se banAvazyaka hai / jo sudharA huA rUpa Upara batAyA gayA hai vaha uttara guNoM meM rakhane lAyaka hai, mala-guNoM meM nhiiN| AdAnanikSepaNa samiti-pratyeka vastu ko yatnapUrvaka, hiMsA ko bacAte hue uThAnA-rakhanA-AdAnanikSepaNa samiti hai / isako bhI bhAvanA yA uttara-guNoM meM rakha sakate haiM, ise mUla guNa nahIM banAyA jA sakatA / isake atirikta hiMsA-ahiMsA kA vicAra bhI saba jagaha eka sarIkhA nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / mAna lo, eka AdamI makAna banA rahA hai-aisI avasthA meM vaha choTe choTe kIr3oM kI rakSA kA vicAra utanA nahIM kara sakatA jitanA ki pustaka ke uThAne rakhena meM kara sakatA hai| isI prakAra anyatra bhI samajhanA caahiye| pratiSThApanA samiti-vanaspati tathA trasa-jIvoM se rahita zuddha bhUmi meM mala-mUtra Adi kA kSepaNa karanA pratiSThApanA samiti hai| yaha bhI bhAvanA-rUpa meM hI rakhI jA sakatI hai, vrata-rUpa meM nhiiN| Ajakala nagaroM kI racanA aisI hai ki vahA~ jaMgala meM yA choTe choTe gA~voM meM rahane ke niyama nahIM pAle jA sakate / Trena tathA jahAz2a meM yAtrA karane para bhI isa viSaya meM vizeSa ratna nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / samAja-sevA ke liye nagara meM rahane, rela aura jahAz2a meM yAtrA karane kI bahuta bAra, AvazyakatA hotI hai, isaliye sAdhu ko inase virata karanA ucita nahIM hai / isaliye pratiSThApanA samiti kA artha dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva ke anusAra karanA hogA, tathA ise malaguNoM meM to rakha hI nahIM skte|

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200] [jainadharma-mImAMsA isa prakAra ye pA~ca samitiyA~ upAdeya hone para bhI malaguNa meM zAmila nahIM kI jA sakatI / zvetAmbara sampradAya meM bhI inheM mUla-guNa meM zAmila nahIM kiyA gayA hai / indriyanigraha-sparzana, jivhA, nAka, netra aura kAna ye pA~ca indriyA~ haiM / ina para vijaya prApta karanA yA inakA damana karanA bhI sAdhu ke mUla-guNa hai / ye pA~ca mUla-guNa donoM sampradAyoM meM mAne gaye haiN| indriyoM ke damana karane kA yaha artha nahIM hai ki koI vyakti komala khaccha vastu kA sparza na kare, svAdiSTa bhojana na kare, sugandhita sthAna meM na jAve, sundara dRzya na dekhe, saMgIta na sune Adi; kintu isakA artha sirpha Asakti kA abhAva hai / indrayoM ke viSaya meM use itanA Asakta na honA cAhiye ki vaha kartavya karane meM pramAdI ho jAve, athavA dUsaroM ke nyAyocita AdhakAroM kI parvAha na kre| sAdhu ko cAhiye ki vaha indriyoM ke aniSTa viSaya prApta hone para bhI apane ko sthira rakhe / kisI ke yahA~ jAne para yadi rUkhA-sUkhA bhojana mile to bhojanadAtA kA mana se, vacana se, zarIra se tiraskAra na kare / yadi ghara ke AdamI ne kucha bhojana meM gar3a. bar3I kara dI hai to sudhAra ke liye premapUrvaka samajhAne ke sivAya aura koI ugra vyavahAra na kare / sadA saMtoSa aura prasannatA se bhojana kare / hA~, jo bhojana asvAsthyakara hai use cAhe na le, athavA jo itanA besvAda hai jise khAnA kaThina hai to thor3A khAve, parantu isa ke liye kisI kA apamAna na kare, kisI ko duHkhI na kare /

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munisaMsthA ke niyama ] [201 saMgIta Adi manAvinoda ke tyAga kI bhI AvazyakatA mahIM hai, parantu usameM itanI Asakti na ho jo kartavyacyuta honA par3e / rogI kI sevA chor3akara, apane hisse kA jIvanopayogI kAma chor3akara yA aura Avazyaka kartavya chor3akara saMgIta sunanA yA koI khela dekhanA anucita hai| dharma aura artha ke samAna kAma bhI jIvana meM Avazyaka tatva hai / vyartha hI apane cehare ko manahUsa banAye rahanA anucita hai| phira bhI kAma kA sevana-dharma aura artha kA virodhI na honA cAhiye, isIliye sAdhu ko indriya-damana kI AvazyakatA hai / parantu jo loga indriya damana ke nAma para nirthaka kaSTa sahana karate haiM, lagAtAra aneka upavAsa kara svAsthya ko bigAr3a lene haiM aura sevA karAkara dUsaroM ko parezAna karate haiM, ve indriyajayI nahIM hai / kisI kArya ke aucityAnaucitya kA vicAra karate samaya sArvatrika aura sArvakAlika dRSTi se adhikatama prANiyoM ke adhikatama sukhavAlI nIti ko kasauTI banAnA cAhiye / ekAdha dina kA bhojana bacAne ke liye yA kaSTasahiSNutA kI thoDIsI kasarata karane ke liye dUsaroM ko parezAna kara DAlanA adharma hI hogaa| kaI loga indriya-vijaya ke nAma para amuka vastuoM kA, yA rasoM kA tyAga kara dete haiM, parantu adhikatara yaha tyAga nirarthaka hI hai| zakkara na khAkara kizamiza aura chuArA ur3AnA, ghI kA tyAga karake bAdAma kA tela yA bAdAma kA haluA khAnA adhika bhoga hai| hA~, jo vastue~ hiMsakatA kI dRSTi se abhakSya haiM athavA jo

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202] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA bahuta asvAsthyakara haiM unakA tyAga karanA ThIka hai; parantu UTapaTA~ga kisI bhI cIz2a kA tyAga karanA anAvazyaka hai / hA~, abhyAsa kI dRSTi se kucha bhI karo, parantu vaha saba apane ghara meM karo arthAt aisI jagaha karo jahA~ usase kisI ko kaSTa na ho / abhyAsa kucha tyAga nahIM hai; kintu samaya par3ane para syAga kiyA jA sake- isake liye vaha prArambhika vyAyAma hai / parantu dUsare ke yahA~ jAkara isa vyAyAma ke pradarzana kI koI z2arUrata nahIM hai, balki dUsaroM ko kaSTaprada hone se heya hai / sabase bar3A tyAga to yaha hai ki moke para jo kucha mila jAya usI se prasannatA - pUrvaka apanA kAma calA lenA / maiM yaha nahIM khAtA, vaha nahIM khAtA, ityAdi pratijJAoM kI jarUrata nahIM hai, kintu maiM yaha bhI khA sakatA hU~ ( arthAt prasannatApUrvaka usase apanI guz2ara kara sakatA hU~), vaha bhI khA sakatA hU~-ityAdi pratijJAoM kI z2arUrata hai / syAga sirpha unhIM cIz2oM kA karanA cAhiye, jo anyAya se paidA hotI hai yA prApta hotI haiM / agara kisI ko tyAga karanA ho to use jAti kI dRSTi se tyAga na karanA cAhiye; kintu saMkhyA kI dRSTi se tyAga karanA cAhiye / eka AdamI ne dasa zAkoM kA tyAga kara diyA, parantu pratidina pA~ca-sAta taraha kI zAka khAtA hai - isake binA usakA kAma nahIM calatA, kintu dUsare AdamI ne kisI bhI zAka kA tyAga nahIM kiyA kintu vaha pratidina koI bhI eka-do zAka khAtA hai to pahile kI apekSA dUsarA zyAgI hai / itanA hI nahIM kintu pahile ko hama tyAgI

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munisaMsthA ke niyama [203 hI nahIM kaha sakate / kadAcit daMbhI taka kaha sakate haiM, isaliye agara tyAga karane kI AvazyakatA mAlUma ho to saMkhyA kI maryAdA bA~dha lenA cAhiye, aura vaha bhI sirpha isIliye ki dUsaroM ko kaSTa na ho / ina bAtoM se apane ko tyAgI na samajha lenA cAhiye, syoMki inakA mUlya bahuta tuccha hai / khAne-pIne kI bAta ko lekara loga tyAga kA daMbha bahuta karate haiM, isaliye isa viSaya meM kucha adhika likhA gayA hai, parantu isI prakAra anya indriyoM ke viSaya meM bhI vicAra karanA cAhiye / mukhya bAta yaha hai ki kisI bhI indriya ke viSaya meM Asakti na ho / koI bhI viSaya prApta ho yA na ho, parantu prasannatA banI rhe| 'Asakti kartavya meM bAdhaka na ho'-isakA nAma indriya-vijaya hai, sAdhu ke liye yaha Avazyaka hai / asvAda-vrata bhI isI ke antargata hai| parantu pA~ca indriyoM ke vijaya ko pA~ca mala-guNa kahanA anAvazyaka hai / isa prakAra ke vista.ra kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / isaliye pA~ca ke badale indriya-vijaya nAmaka eka hI mUla-guNa rakhanA caahiye| Avazyaka-digambara sampradAya meM chaH Avazyaka ke nAma se chaH kArya* prasiddha haiN| 1 sAmAyika, 2 caturviMzatistava, 3 vaMdanA, 4 pratikramaNa, 5 pratyAkhyAna, 6 kAyotsarga / kahIM * samadA thao ya vadaNa pADikamaNaM taheva NAdancha / paJcakkhANa visaggo karaNIyA vAsayA chabdhi-mUlAcAra 22 /

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204 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA kahIM para pratyAkhyAna ke sthAna para svAdhyAya pATha mI milatA hai, jo ki isa bAta kA sUcaka hai ki jisa samaya jisa bAta kI adhika AvazyakatA hotI hai use usa samaya mUla-guNa meM rakha liyA jAtA hai, sAdhutA ke samAna sAdhu-saMsthA ke niyama sthAyI nahIM hai| sAmAyika ke badale meM dUsarA zabda hai samatA / sukha-dukha meM, zatru-mitra meM samabhAva rakhanA samatA yA sAmAyika hai / isa samatA bhAva ke abhyAsa ke liye sAmAyika kI kriyA bhI, dina meM tIna bAra subaha, madhyAha aura sandhyA ko kucha samaya ke liye dhyAna lagAkara sthira honA - pracalita hai / abhyAsa kI dRSTi se eka samaya yaha kriyA Avazyaka mAlUma huI hogI, parantu Aja isakI z2arUrata nahIM 1 hai / hA~, manuSya ekAnta meM baiThe-acche vicAra kare- isameM kucha burAI nahIM hai, parantu AvazyakatA na hone para bhI pratidina itanA samaya kharca karanA nirarthaka hai / hA~, yahA~ sAmAyika kA jo samatAbhAva artha kiyA gayA hai vaha ThIka hai, parantu isakA bahuta-sA kAma to iMdriya nirodha se cala jAtA hai / usase adhika samabhAva ucita hone para bhI mUla-guNa meM zAmila nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / hA~, sAmpradAyika samabhAva yA sarvadharma samabhAva anivArya hai, isaliye use mUla-guNa meM avazya ginanA caahiye| dUsare zabdoM meM syAdvAdakA saccA rUpa use jIvana meM utAranA cAhiye / isa prakAra kA samabhAva + samatA ghara bandana kareM nAnA dhutI banAya | pratikramaNa svAdhyAyajuta kAyotsarga lagAe || iSTa chattIsI 23 /

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sunisaMsthA ke niyama ] mUla- guNa meM rakhanA Avazyaka hai / yadyapi yaha samabhAva samyagdarzana meM hI Avazyaka hai, isaliye yaha jainatva kI mukhya zarta hai tathApi isa viSaya meM itanI g2alatafahamI hai aura isakI tarafa logoM kI itanI upekSA hai ki isakI tarafa jitanA adhika dhyAna AkarSita karAyA jAya utanA hI thor3A hai / sarvadharma samabhAva rUpa samatA pratyeka zrAvaka ko Avazyaka hai, parantu jo sAdhu-saMsthA meM jur3a rahA hai use to aura mI adhika Avazyaka hai - isaliye mUla-guNoM kI nAmAvalI meM isakA nAma saba se pahile rakhanA cAhiye / jisa prakAra samyagdarzana ke binA cAritra kI utpatti aura sthiti nahIM mAnI jAtI usI prakAra prakAra isa sarva-dharma-samabhAva ke binA sAdhutA nahIM ho sakatI | [205 dUsarA Avazyaka caturviMzastava hai / mahApuruSoM kI stuti karanA, unakA guNagAna karanA ucita hai / parantu yaha guNa-gAna kisI sampradAya ke mahApuruSoM meM kaida na rahanA cAhiye, aura na usameM caubIsa kI saMkhyA niyata rahanA cAhiye / apanI apanI ruci aura paristhiti ke anusAra mahApuruSoM kI prazaMsA karanA ucita hai, phira vaha eka kI kI jAya yA dasa kI / isaliye isa Avazyaka kA nAma caturviMzatistava nahIM, kintu mahAtmastava rakhanA cAhiye / isa prakAra yaha mahAtmastava ucita hone para bhI mUla-guNa meM nahIM rakkhA jA sakatA; kyoMki sAdhu-saMsthA ke liye yaha Avazyaka niyama nahIM hai / avakAza aura icchA hone para unakI stuti karanA

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206 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsA cAhiye, na ho to na sahI / hA~, sAdhuoM kA koI Azrama banAyA jAya aura usameM isa prakAra kI prArthanA rakkhI jAya to koI hAni nahIM hai, parantu usameM sirpha mahAtmastava hI na hogA; kintu satya ahiMsA Adi guNoM kA stava bhI hogA / phira bhI isa prArthanA ko anivArya niyama kA rUpa nahIM diyA jA sakatA; kyoMki sAdhutA ke sAtha isakA ghaniSTa sambandha nahIM hai / T karanA, apane se jo pUjya ho samAveza hotA hai / mahAtnastava tIsarA Avazyaka vandanA hai / isameM mUrti ke Age praNAma unako namaskAra karanA Adi kA vacana rUpa par3atA hai, aura yaha zarIra kI kriyA rUpa par3atA hai; parantu ina donoM meM koI maulika bheda nahIM hai / aise choTe choTe antara nikAlakara mUla-guNoM kI saMkhyA bar3hAnA ucita nahIM hai / 1 dUsarI bAta yaha haiM ki jisa prakAra mahAtmastava ko mUla-guNoM meM zAmila nahIM kiyA hai, usI prakAra yaha bandanA bhI mUla-guNa meM zAmila nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / hA~, isakA karanA burA nahIM hai, balki ucita hai / zarIra se pazcAtApa cauthA Avazyaka pratikramaNa hai / isakA artha hai aparAtrazuddhi | hama se jAna meM yA anajAna meM jo doSa ho gaye hoM use vApisa lauTanA arthAt mana se, vacana se, karanA pratikramaNa hai / sacamuca yaha Avazyaka hI hai / yadyapi isakA pUrNa rUpa meM pAlana karanA kaThina hai, phira bhI isako pUrNa rUpa meM pAlana karane kI yathAzakti ceSTA karanA cAhiye / nahIM, atyAvazyaka

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munisaMsthA ke niyama] [207 yathAzakti ceSTA hI pUrNa rUpa meM pAlana karanA kahalAtA hai| ___Ajakala to pratikramaNa pATha meM jIvoM ke bheda-prabheda ginAkara unake kula aura yoniyoM kI ginatI batAkara sabase kSamA mAMga lI jAtI hai / niHsandeha isake mUla meM sarva-jIva-samabhAva kI bhAvanA hai, parantu Aja to yaha kriyA aisI hI hai jaise ki kisI bImAra kI bImArI dUra karane ke liye usake zarIra ko cAroM tarapha jhADU se mAr3a denA / zarIra ke cAroM tarapha jhADU phera dene se bImArI nahIM mar3a jAtI, usI prakAra pratikramaNa pATha kI jhADU pherane se aparAdha nahI jhar3a jAse / aparAdha-zuddhi ke liye hameM aparAdha para hI jhADa pheranA cAhiye / usa samaya duniyA~ bhara kI ginatI ginAnA vAstavika aparAdha ko cikitsA ke bAhara kara denA hai, arthAt usa para upekSA kara jAnA hai| ina jIvoM kI ginatI ginAne meM andhavizvAsa se kAma lenA par3atA hai / jaina-zAstroM meM prANi-zAstra tathA svarga naraka Adi kA jo varNana hai, usako vizvAsa ke sAtha tAz2A rakhanA par3atA hai, parantu isa viSaya meM naI-naI khojeM huI haiM-ho rahI hai-hoMgI, aura unase vartamAna mAnyatAoM meM bahuta kucha parivartana bhI par3a sakatA hai / isariye Avazyaka mAlUma hotA hai ki pratikramaNa sarIkhe Atma-zodhaka kArya meM se prANi-zAstra kI carcA ko alaga kara deM / sAdhAraNataH eka vAkya meM sarva prANiyoM kA smaraNa kara leN| parantu yahA~ taka kA sArA kArya to eka prakAra kI bhUmikA huI / saccA pratikramaNa karane ke liye to yaha Avazyaka hai ki jahA~ aparAdha hai vahIM usakI zuddhi kI jAya / yadi hamAre muMha se kisI ke viSaya meM anucita

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208] [jainadharma-mImAMsA zabda nikala gayA hai to use svIkAra karanA, athavA zakya na ho to apane hI Apa usakA pazcAttApa karanA Avazyaka hai| jinake hama aparAdhI haiM, unake viSaya meM to kucha dhyAna hI na deM aura duniyA bhara ke jIvoM se mAphI mAMgane kA DIla kareM-isa daMbha se kucha lAbha nahIM hai / apane vizeSa pApoM kA zodhana karanA hI prati. kramaNa kA uddeza hai / pratikramaNa ke liye kisI niyata samaya kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / AvazyakatA sirpha itanI hai ki vaha aparAdha ke bAda jitanI jaldI kiyA jAya utanA hI acchA hai| aparAdha ke jitane adhika samaya bAda pratikramaNa kiyA jAyagA, usakA mUlya utanA hI kama hogaa| prazna-jo kAma ho gayA so ho gayA / aba usake nAma para rone se kyA phAyadA ? aba to Age kA vicAra karanA cAhiye / . uttara-Age kA vicAra karane ke liye hI pIche kA ronA hai| apane liye hue kAma kI burAI ko agara koI svIkAra na kare, usakI nindA na kare to vaha bhaviSya meM usase kyoM bacegA ! bhaviSya kI zuddhi ke liye hI yaha bhUtAlocanA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jagat kI zAnti ke liye tathA Adhe se adhika anayoM ko rokane ke liye pratikramaNa kI AvazyakatA hai| pratikramaNa se dveSa-vAsanA dUra ho jAtI hai, aura dveSa-vAsanA kA dUra honA adhikAMza anoM kA dUra ho jAnA hai / deva kA sadbhAva jitanA duHkhaprada hai utanA bApa kaSTa nahIM / vinoda meM kisI ko kitanA hI mAro use duHkha nahIM hotA, parantu krodha se A~kha dikhalAnA hI

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munisaMsthA ke niyama ] [209 apamAna duHkha Adi kA kAraNa ho jAtA hai| yaha sAdhAraNa udAharaNa jIvana ke pratyeka kArya meM mUrtimAna rUpa meM dikhAI detA hai / vyavahAra meM jo aneka prakAra kI zatrutAoM kA astitva pAyA jAtA hai, vaha sirpha itanI hI bAta se dUra ho sakatA hai ki hama apanI galatI sacce dila se svIkAra kara leM / mAnava-hRdaya hI nahIM, prANi-hRdaya prema kA bhUkhA hai / pratikramaNa se yahI prema pragaTa hotA hai, isaliye pratikramaNa atyAvazyaka hai| ___ yahA~ jina AvazyakoM kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai unake sthAna meM yaha pratikramaNa hI rakkhA jAnA cAhiye / bAkI Avazvako meM jo upAdeya tattva haiM, ve bhI isI ke bhItara DAle jA sakate haiN| stuti, vandanA, pratyAkhyAna Adi pratikramaNa kI bhUmikA mAtra haiM / isaliye sAdhu ke liye pratikramaNa mUla-guNa meM rakhanA ucita hai| yaha bAta pahile bhI kahI jA cukI hai ki saMyama ko niyama se nahIM bA~dhA jA sakatA, isaliye pratikramaNa bhI niyamoM se nahIM bA~dhA jA sakatA ! pratikramaNa kA kyA lakSya hai, isa bAta ko samajhakara, hAni lAbha ko taulakara zuddha antaH karaNa se isakA pAlana karanA cAhiye / isaliye kahA~, kaba, kisake sAtha, kaisA pravikramaNa karanA cAhiye yaha saba vicAraNIya hai, paraMtu dhyeya kI tarafa dRSTi lagAkara agara isakA pAlana kiyA jAya to pratikramaNa sambandhI aneka samasyAe~ hala ho sakatI haiN| ____ pA~cavA Avazyaka pratyAkhyAna hai / bhaviSya ke liye ayogya kaa| kA tyAga karanA pratyAkhyAna hai| vAstava meM yaha pratikramaNa

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210 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsA meM A jAtA hai, isaliye isako alaga kahane kI koI z2arUrata nahIM hai / isake nAma para jo choTI-choTI bAtoM kI pratijJAeM lI jAtI haiM ne bhale hI lI jAve; parantu ve to saba abhyAsa ke liye haiN| tathA mahattvapUrNa bhI nahIM haiM / isaliye pratyAkhyAna ko mUla-guNa meM alaga sthAna nahIM diyA jA sakatA / isake badale meM kahIM kahIM svAdhyAya rakkhA gayA hai / svAdhyAya eka prakAra se Avazyaka hai, phira bhI ise mUla-guNa meM nahIM rakha sakate; kyoMki sAdhu ke sAmane agara sevA vageraha kA mahatvapUrNa kArya ho to svAdhyAyana bhI kare to koI hAni nahIM / prazna - svAdhyAya pA~ca taraha kA hai| par3hanA, prazna karanA, vicAra karanA, z2ora z2ora se yAda karanA, upadeza denA / isa meM se koI na koI svAdhyAya pratidina avazya karanA cAhiye / jo loga vidvAna haiM ve upadeza dekara svAdhyAya kareM, aura jo sAdhAraNa jJAnI "hai ve pA~coM meM se koI eka jarUra kreN| sAdhu saMsthA meM jJAna Avazyaka mAlUma hotA hai aura jJAnake liye svAdhyAya Avazyaka hai / ( t uttara - sevA ke aise avasara bahuta haiM jaba kisI ko vyAkhyAna dene kI phursata na ho aura ho to usakI jarUrata na ho sAdhu ke liye pustaka kA par3hanA par3hAnA itanA Avazyaka nahIM hai jitanI ki loka-sevA / ,! prazna - taba Apa loka-sevA ko hI mula-guNa kyoM nahIM kahate ? bAkI saba mUla-guNa uThA dIjiye / khAsakara pratikramaNa kI koI z2arUrata nahIM raha jAtI / uttara - anya mUla-guNa loka-sevA ke liye atyAvazka haiN|

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munisaMsthA ke niyama ] [211 vaza jo manuSya ahiMsA, satya Adi kA pAlana nahIM karatA, iMdriyoM ko meM nahIM rakhatA, samabhAva nahIM rakhatA, vaha loka-sevA kyA karegA ? loka sevA ke bahAne vaha du:svArtha sAdhanA tathA aneka anartha hI karegA / pratikramaNa to loka-sevA meM atyAvazyaka hai, kyoM ki jaba taka vaha apanI bhUloM ko na dekhegA taba taka vaha sevA ke badale meM anevA hI adhika karegA / pratikramaNa svayaM bhI eka lokasevA hai / * prazna- yadi Apa anya mUla-guNoM ko loka sevA ke liye itanA Avazyaka samajhate haiM to kyA jJAna Avazyaka nahIM hai ? binA jJAna ke vaha sevA asevA kA tatva kyA samajhegA ? saMyama ke liye jJAna to anivArya hai, isaliye use mUla-guNa meM rakhanA cAhiye / meM mUla-guNa hai | parantu svadhyAya aura manuSya jJAnI hai, vaha agara svAdhyAya sakatA hai / parantu jo jJAnI nahIM hai uttara - jJAnayuktatA arthAt saMyama tathA loka-sevA ke liye jitane jJAna kI AvazyakatA hai utanA jJAna dhAraNa karanA vAstava jJAnayuktatA meM antara haiM / jo nahIM karatA to bhI sAdhu raha kintu svAdhyAya se jJAnI bananA taka jJAnI na cAhatA hai, vaha taba taka sAdhu nahIM bana sakatA jaba ho jAve | svAdhyAya se jJAnI bana jJAnI na bana jAya taba taka use jaba taka vaha sakatA hai, parantu sAdhu-saMsthA kA ummedavAra hI rahanA cAhiye | sAdhu-saMsthA meM praveza pAne ke liye Avazyaka zarta hai, anyathA aneka nirakSara bhaTTAcArya prabhAvahIna banA deMge | jJAnayuktatA eka sAdhu-saMsthA ko

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212) [jainadharma mImAMsA prazna-jJAnayuktatA ko agara Apa mUla-guNa banA deMge taba , to paMDitoM ke sivAya dusarA koI sAdhu-saMsthA meM praveza na kara paaygaa| isa prakAra to Apa alpajJAniyoM se eka prakAra se sAdhutA chIna rahe haiM / hama nahIM samajhate ki koI sevA-bhAvI sajana niHsvArtha bhAva se samAja kI sevA karanA cAhatA ho to adhika jJAnI na hone se hI usakI sevA asvIkAra kyoM kara dI jAya ? uttara-jJAnI hone ke liye paMDita honA Avazyaka nahIM hai| vaha mAtRbhASA meM apane vicAra prakaTa kara sake, tathA tatva ko samajha sake, itanA hI Avazyaka hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki bAbajJAna kA mAdhyama sadA sarvatra eka sA nahIM rakkhA jA sktaa| eka jamAne meM jitane jJAna se loga paMDita kahalAte haiM dUsare jamAne meM utane jJAna se gaNanIya vidyArthI bhI nahIM kahalAte / isaliye usa samaya sAdhu-saMsthA meM praveza karane ke liye jJAna kA jo mAdhyama rakkhA jA sakatA thA, utanA Aja nahIM rakkhA jA sakatA / samAja kI sevA karane ke liye sAdhAraNa samAja se kucha vizeSa jJAna honA Avazyaka hai, bhale hI vaha bar3A paMDita na ho / hA~, sAdhu-saMsthA meM padAdhikArI hone ke liye vizeSa vidvAna honA bhI anivArya hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki sAdhu-saMsthA ke sabhya ko itanA jJAna avazya rakhanA cAhiye jisase logoM para usakA kucha prabhAva par3a sake tathA sevA aura AtmoddhAra ke kArya meM suvidhA ho / tIsarI bAta yaha hai ki yaha sAdhu-saMsthA meM praviSTa hone kI zarta hai, sAdhutA kI zarta nahIM / sAdhutA aura sAdhu-saMsthA kI sadasyatA meM antara hai| isa prakAra svAdhyAya nahIM, kintu jJAnayuktatA sAdhu-saMsthA ke

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[213 munisaMsthA ke niyama sadasya kA eka mala-guNa kahalAyA / chaTThA Avazyaka kAyotsarga hai / isakA artha hai zarIra kA tyAga arthAt zarIra se mamatva chodd'naa| isake liye Ajakala khar3e hokara kucha jApa japane kI kriyA bhI pracalita hai / zarIra se mamatva chor3anA arthAt apane svArtha ko gauNa banA denA, kaSToM se na DaranA Adi acchI bAteM hai; parantu usako alaga ginAne kI z2arUrata nahIM hai / vAstava meM samabhAva tathA indriya-vijaya karane se saccA kAyonsarga ho jAtA hai| kezalauMca bhI muniNe kA mUla-guNa mAnA jAtA hai / kama se kama do mAsa aura adhika se adhika cAra mAsameM * sAdhu ko sira ke, dADhI ke aura mUMchoM ke bAla ukhAr3a DAlanA cAhiye / svetAmbara sampradAya meM yadyapi yaha mUla-guNoM meM nahIM rakhA gayA hai, phira bhI digambaroM ke samAna unameM bhI yaha eka anivArya niyama mAnA jAtA hai / sAdhu kaSTasahiSNu hai ki nahIM, isakI jA~ca ke liye yaha mUla-guNa banAyA gayA hai / kAyara loga sAdhu-saMsthA meM na ghusa AveM, isake liye bhI yaha mUla-guNa upayogI huA thaa| usa samaya ko dekhate hue isa prakAra zArIrika kaSTa sahana upayogI samajhA gayA; parantu Aja isakI z2arUrata nahIM hai / saccI sAdhutA zArIrika kaSTa-sahana meM nahIM hai, balki isase to aneka guNahINa vyakti sAdhu-saMsthA meM ghusa jAte haiM aura tyAgI vidvAn loga nahIM jA pAte / hA~, AvazyakatA ho to yaha kaSTa bhI sahana kiyA * biya tiya caukamAse loco ukassa majhima jahaNNo / sapaDikamaNe divase uvavAseNeva kAyayo / mUlAcAra 1-29 /

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214] [jainadharma-mImAMsA jAya, parantu isase kisI kA kucha lAbha to hai hI nahIM, taba nirarthaka kaSTa kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? hA~, kaSTa-sahiSNutA bar3hAne ke liye kAya-kleza Adi tapa kiyA jA sakatA haiM; parantu kAyakleza to icchAnusAra hotA hai, vaha koI anivArya zarta nahIM hai kezalauMca ko mUla-guNa banAnA isa samaya bilakula nirupayogI hai / prazna - sAdhu to niSparigraha hotA hai; usake pAsa ustarA raha nahIM ho sakate aura na ve dInatA dikhalA sakate haiM jisa se kSaura karAne ke liye kisI se prArthanA kareM / isaliye lauMca ke sivAya unake pAsa dUsarA upAya kyA hai ! uttara - niSparigrahatA kA yaha artha nahIM hai ki vaha svacchatA ke upayogI upakaraNa bhI na rakkhe : khai', yahA~ to sAdhutA aura aparigrahatA kI udAra vyAkhyA kI gaI hai, isaliye yaha prazna khar3A hI nahIM hotA, parantu dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki prAcIna paramparA ke anusAra bhI kSaura karma meM koI bAbA nahIM AtI; kyoMki jaba sAdhu ko par3hane ke liye pustakeM milatI haiM, paMhinane ke liye kapar3e milate haiM, va khAne ke liye bhojana aura bImArI meM auSadha milatI hai, taba kSaura ke liye ekAca upakaraNa na mile yA koI kSaura na karA de, yaha kaise ho sakatA hai ? jisa prakAra zrAvaka AhAra-dAna karate haiM, usI prakAra kSaura-dAna bhI kara sakate haiM, isaliye aparigraha kI oTa meM kSaura kA virodha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / hA~, kaSTasahiSNutA kI parIkSA ke nAma para hI isakA kucha samarthana kiyA jA sakatA hai, parantu Ajakala to vaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai| kisI kI icchA ho aura isa taraha ke kAya-kleza kA abhyAsa karanA ho to vaha

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sunisaMsthA ke niyama ] [215 bhale hI kare, parantu yaha na to mUla-guNoM meM rakkhA jA sakatA hai, na uttara- guNoM meM / guNa nagnatA - yaha digambara sampradAya ke sAdhuoM ke liye malahai / ma0 mahAvIra ke samaya meM bahuta se jaina sAdhu nagna rahate the| svayaM mahAtmA mahAvIra bhI nagna rahate the, phira bhI usa samaya yaha mUla-guNa nahIM thA / digambara zvetAmbara bheda ho jAne ke bAda jaba donoM pakSoM meM tanAtanI hone lagI, taba se digambara logoM ne AvazyakatA se adhika isa para jora diyA aura ise muniyoM ke liye mULa-guNa banA diyA; aura zvetAmbaroM ne nagnatA kA viccheda kara diyA / parantu mAlUma aisA hotA hai ki mahAtmA mahAvIra ke samaya meM donoM taraha ke sAdhu hote the / jina kalpI sAdhu nagna rahate the aura sthavira-kalpI vastra dhAraNa karate the / jinakalpa aura sthavira - kalpa, ye donoM zabda hI kucha apanA itihAsa batAte haiM / agara ina zabdoM kA sIdhA artha kiyA jAya to jinakalpa kA artha 'jinake samAna' aura svavikalpa kA artha 'bUr3hoM ke samAna' hotA hai / mahAtmA mahAvIra jina the, isaliye jo loga unake samAna nagna rahate the ve jinakallI kahalAte the aura jo loga sthavira arthAt bUr3hepurAne -ma0 mahAvIra se bhI pahile ke arthAt ma0 pArzvanAtha ke anuyAyioM ke samAna rahate the arthAt vastradhArI the, ve sthavirakalpI kahalAte the / isase mAlUma hotA hai ki jaina sampradAya meM bhI veSa ko itanA mahatva nahIM hai / hA~, jisa prakAra eka senA ke sainikoM ko eka sarIkhI pozAka pahinanA z2arUrI samajhA jAtA hai, jisase ve eka dUsare ko

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216] (jainadharma-mImAMsA pahicAna sakeM aura sAdhAraNa janatA ko bhI unako pahicAnane meM subhItA ho; usI prakAra sAdhu-saMsthA meM bhI koI niyata veSa (uniform dress) ho to koI Apatti nahIM hai, parantu use sAdhutA kI anivArya zarta mAna lenA hAsyAspada hai / zvetAmbara sampradAya meM bhI eka veSa niyata hai, parantu usa veSa ko mUla guNa nahIM banAyA gayA / aura, zAstroM meM to veSa kI udAratA ke pramANa donoM sampradAyoM meM pAye jAte haiM / antara itanA hI hai ki zvetAmbara zAstroM meM usa udAratA kA vistRta varNana hai aura digambara zAstroM meM saMkSipta, parantu isase itanA to mAlUma hotA hai ki donoM sampradAyoM meM veSa sambandhI udAratA hai / w zrI umAsvAtikRta tatvArtha bhASya meM spaSTa likhA hai:"liMga do taraha kA hai, dravyaliMga aura bhAvaliMga | bhAvaliMga kI apekSA se sabhI muni bhAvaliMga meM hote haiM arthAt muni tatva ke pariNAma sabameM pAye jAte haiM, parantu dravyaliMga kI apekSA unameM bheda hai arthAt unakA vepa aneka taraha kA ho sakatA hai" / " dravyaliMga tIna taraha kA hotA hai / apanA liMga arthAt jaina muni kA veva, anya muniyoM kA vetra aura gRhasthoM kA veSa / inameM se kisI bhI veSa se mokSa prApta hotA hai" / + digambara AcArya zrI pUjyapAda ke zabda bhI bhASya se milate liMgaM dvividhaM dravyaliMgaM mAvaliMgaM ca / mAvaliMga pratItya sabai paca nirmanthA mAvaliMge bhavanti dravyaliMgaM pratItya bhAvyAH / tatvArthamAnya 6-49 / 1 dravyaliMgaM trividhaM svaliMga, anyaliMgaM gRhiliMga iti tatprati bhAvyam / 10-7

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munisaMsthA ke niyama ] [217 julate haiM / aura inhIM ke zabda AcArya akalaGka deva ne bhI jyoM ke tyoM uddhRta kiye haiM"bhAvaliMga kI apekSA se pA~coM hI nirbhaya hote haiM, dravya unameM bheda hai / liMga kI apekSA se isa prakAra donoM sampradAroM meM niyata bena ko koI mahatva nahIM hai| donoM hI sampradAya, veSa kA sAbutA ke sAtha koI ghaniSTa sambandha nahIM batAte / yadyapi pIche se durAgrahadrA veSa kI kaTTaratA bhI A gaI hai, parantu isa katArUpI dhUli ke nIce udAratA kI camaka bilakula sApha mAna hotI hai | digambarAcArya zrI kuMdakuMda isIliye kahate haiMI "bhAva hI vAstava liMga hai, dravya-liMga vAstavika liMga nahIM hai, kyoMki guNa aura dopoM kA kAraNa nAva hI haiM / ' hai ki jahA~ samabhAva hai vahIM sAdhutA " kahane kA mata haiM, phira bhale hI vaha nama rahatA ho yA kapar3e pahanatA ho, jena veSa meM rahatA ho vA anya kisI veSa meM, sAdhu kA veSa rakhatA ho yA gRhastha kA / uNadhyAya zrI yazovijaya ! kA kahanA isa viSaya meM bahuta hI ThIka hai * bhAvaliMgaM prapaMca nivalipino bhavanti dravya kiM pratatyi bhAjyAH sarvArthasidhdi 9-47 rAjArtika 9-47-4 | davA ca jApa paramatthaM / bhAvI kAraNabhUdo bhAvIya padama guNadosANaM jiNA viti bhAvAta + anyaliMgAdi sandAna samataMtra ritraya phalaprApteryayA syAdvA jainatA / adhyAnasAra matAdhikAra 50

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218] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA " jaina liMga ko chor3akara anya liMga-daMDa, kamaNDalu, tridaMDa Adi-se jo loga mukti prApta karate haiM usakA kAraNa samabhAva hI / isIse ratnatraya kA phala prApta hotA hai jisase saccA jainava milatA hai ! " veja kI udAratA ke - digambara sampradAya meM- pramANa to milate hI haiM, parantu pravRttirUpa meM bhI yaha udAratA A cukI hai / bhaTTAraka loga - jo ki zAhI ThATabATa se rahate the aura aba bhI rahate haiMdigambara hI mAne jAte haiM, aura unameM kaI to apane ko kaTTara digambara samajhate the aura haiM veSa kI udAratA kA yaha prabala pramANa hai, sAtha hI isameM kucha atireka bhI hai jo ki AvazyakatAva karanA par3A thaa| kyA hI acchA hotA yadi yaha udAratA usI samaya A gaI hotI jaba ki digambara, zvetAmbara nAma ke do saMgha paidA huye the / vyAvahArika udAratA ke kucha namUne aura bhI peza kiye jA sakate haiN| jaba nagna muniyoM ko dekhakara loga upadrava karane lagate the, taba unake AcArya caTAI vagairaha lapeTane kI AjJA de dete the, athavA kabhI kabhI jaba koI prabhAvazAlI vyakti muni honA cAhatA thA, kintu puruSa cinha vagairaha meM doSa hone se vaha lajjita hotA thA, athavA ThaMDa vagairaha nahIM saha sakatA thA taba usake liye digambara muni hote hue bhI nagnatA kI zarta uThA lI jAtI thI / * kalo kila nagnaM duSTvA upadravaM yAnI kurvanti tena maNDapadurge zrI vasantakIrtinA svAbhinA caryAdivelAyAM tasAdarAdikena zarIramAcchAdya caryAdikaM

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munisaMsthA ke niyama ] [219 isase itanA to mAlUma hotA hai ki na to digambara sampradAya meM veSa kI ekAntatA thI, na zvetAmbara sampradAya meM / vyAvahArika udAratA bhI donoM sampradAyoM meM rahI hai tathA vAstavika sAdhutA kA nagnatA ke sAtha koI sambandha nahIM hai, isaliye nagnatA ko mUla-guNa meM sthAna nahIM mila sakatA | namratA haraeka sampradAya meM rahI hai, parantu kisI sampradAya ke liye anivArya niyama banA lenA ThIka nahIM hai ! sAtha hI isa bAta kA khyAla rakhanA cAhiye ki isase kisI ko kaSTa na ho / jahA~ nagnatA kA rivAz2a mRtaprAya ho vahA~ nagna rahakara svataMtra vihAra karanA mahilAoM ke sAtha anyAya karanA hai| 1 prazna- jaba nagna baccoM ko dekhakara triyoM ko burA nahIM mAlUma hotA, aura pazuoM ko dekhakara bhI burA nahIM mAlUma hotA tatra muniyoM ko dekhakara burA kyoM mAlUma hogA uttara- jisa prakAra choTe choTe bAlakoM aura bailoM ko nagna dekhakara striyoM ko burA nahIM mAlUna hotA, usI prakAra choTI choTI bAlikAoM aura gAyoM ko nagna dekhakara puruSoM ko burA nahIM mAlUma hotA, taba kyA isI AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jisa prakAra puruSa nagna-sAdhu banakara striyoM ke sAmane nikalate haiM usI prakAra striyA~ bhI nama sAdhvI banakara puruSoM ke sAmane nikalA kareM / yadi nagna striyoM ko puruSa sahana nahIM kara sakate to nagna puruSoM ko kRtvA punastanmukhatItyupadezaH kRtaH saMyaminAM ityapavAda vetraH / tathA nRpAdivagotpannaH parama beMgagyavAn liMgazuddhirahitaH utyannamehana TadoSaH lakhAvAn vA zatA sahiSNurvA tathA karoti sodhyapavAdaH procyate / darzana nAbhRta TIkA-24 / .

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220 [jainadharma-mImAMsA striyA~ kaise sahana kara sakatI haiM ? khera, kisakA nagna darzana Apattirahita hai, aura kisako nahIM-isa viSaya kI saMkSepa meM manovaijJAnika mImAMsA kara lenA cAhiye / ___bAta yaha hai ki jina ke mina cinhoM ko dekhakara ratikarma kI atyadhika smRti hotI hai, unako dekhane kA tyAga karAyA jAtA hai / pazuoM ke mAya manuSya kA koI laiMgika sambandha na hone se unako nagna dekhakara ke bhI hamArI vaha smRti jAgRta nahIM hotI yA atyalpa jAgRta hotI hai, isaliye pazuoM kI nagnatA vicAraNIya nahIM hai / bAlaka ke viSaya meM bhI yahI bAta hai / pazuoM meM jahA~ jAtIya viSamatA hai, bAlakoM meM vahA~ parimANa laghunA se viSamatA hai / yaha viSamatA rati-karma kI smArakatA ko zUnya-prAya kara detI hai, isaliye pazu aura bAlakoM kI nagnatA asahya nahIM hotii| sAdhu ke viSaya meM yaha bAta nahIM kahI jA sakatI / vaha bhale hI vItarAga ho, parantu usase usake aGga nI miTa jAte, unakI smArakatA nahIM calI jaatii| prazna-nagnatA kA prazna sirpha vega kA hI prazna nahIM hai, kintu niSparigrahatA kA bhI prazna / muni ko pUrNa aparigrahI honA Avazyaka hai, jaba ki kapar3A rakhane se pUrNa niSparigrahatA kA pAlana nahIM ho sakatA / . ucara-aparigraha-vrata kA vivecana pahile isI adhyAya meM kiyA jA cukA hai / usase mAlUma ho jAtA hai ki agara Asakti na ho, saMgraha karane kI vAsanA na ho to 'kapar3A' parigraha nahIM kahalA sakatA / anAsakti kI avasthA meM kapar3A' dayA tathA khAmya

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munisaMsthA ke niyama rakSA kA upakaraNa hai / nagna dekhakara dUsaroM kI koI kaSTa na ho-isa prakAra kI dayA se aMga Dhakane lAyaka kapar3A rakhanA 'kapar3e' ko dayA kA upakaraNa banAnA hai, tathA zAtAdi kaSTa se svAsthya naSTa na ho jAya-isa vicAra se 'kpdd'|' svAsthapakaraNa banatA hai / muni ko zarIra kI parvAha nahIM hotI, isakA yaha matalaba nahIM hai ki vaha AvazyakatA ke binA bhI svAsthya nAza karatA hai / kartavya ke liye zarIra kA utsarga karanA yA usakI parvAha na karanA eka bAta hai aura vyartha hI kaSTa saTha nA- dUsarI / isa. dUsarI bAta se aparigraha kA koI sambandha nahIM hai, balki va bhI kabhI vivekazUnyatA tathA haThagrAhitA ke kAraNa isakA sambandha mithyAtva se ho jAtA hai| kisI cIja kA upayoga karane se hI vaha parigraha nahIM ho jaatii| nahIM to jamIna para calane se jamIna bhI parigraha ho jAya / isI prakAra bhojana karane se anna aura jala bhI parigraha ho jAya / A. sakti hone para zarIra bhI parigraha hai / bhAvaliMga ke varNana meM zarIra ko bhI parigraha kahA hai aura saccA sAdhu banane ke liye zarIra ke tyAga kA * bhI upadeza hai / parantu zarIra kA tyAga kara dene para vaha jIvita hI kaise bacegA ! isaliye zarIra tyAga kA matalaba usa se mamatva arthAta Asakti kA tyAga hai / kartavya mArga meM zarIra-prema * dehAdi saMga rAhao mANa kasA sayakArIto appA appammi rao sa mAvaliMgI have saah| -bhAvaprAbhUta 56 / deho nAhiragandho apaNo akkhANa visaya ahilaaso| tasiM cAe khabao paramattha habai NigaMyo / -ArAhagAsAra / 33. :

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222 1 jainadharma mImAMsA bAdhaka na bana jAya, yahI bhAvanA zarIra kI anmasakti hai| kapar3e ke viSaya meM bhI yahI bhAvanA rakhate hue usase svAsthya-rakSA Adi karanA caahie| * agara nagnatA ko niSparitrahatA kA anivArya cinha banA liyA jAya to sAibIriyA Adi dezoM meM sAdhu-saMsthA kA khar3A karanA asaMbhava ho jAyagA / kAzmIra Adi meM bhI zItaRtu meM nagna ra kaThina hai / vahA~ nagna rahane se zIghra hI svAsthya kharAba ho jAyagA / taba vaha AtmopakAra aura agarasevA karane ke badale AtmApakAra kareMgA tathA dUsaroM se sevA - karAyagA, isaliye nagnatA ke liye ekAnta Agraha na rakhanA caahiye| .. nagna veSa kI ucita kahA jA sakatA hai, jahA~para nagna rahane kI prathA khUba phaila gaI ho, strI-puruSa, nagna rahane lage ho, athavA vala itane durlabha ho gaye hoM, ki laMgoTI. lagAne se bhI samAja ke Upara bojha par3atA ho, Adi / dravya kSetra kAla-bhAva ke anusAra isakA nirNaya kara lenA cAhiye, parantu nagnatA ke binA sAdhutA nahIM raha sakatI yaha ekAnta Agraha kadrApi na rakhanA cAhiye, isaliye nagnatA ko mUla-guNa nahIM mAnA asakRtA / / ...... asnAna aura aMdatamaNaH- mAna nahIM karanA aura datAna nahIM karanA, ye bhI mUlaguNa meM zAmila samajha jAte haiM / dAI hajAra varSa pahile muniyoM ke liye sambhavataH isa vrata kI jarUrata duI hogI, parantu Aja isakI bilakula AvazyakatA nahIM hai| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki digambara, zvetAmbara da ho jAne ke bAda hI * inheM mUlaguNa meM sthAna milA ho| tAra sampradAya meM malaguNoM meM

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sunisaMsthA ke niyama ] [ 293 inakA nAma nahIM hai, yadyapi pArTane to unake yahA~ bhI hotA hai / snAna se svacchatA AtI hai aura kabhI kabhI svacchatA se zRGgArI bhAva paidA ho jAte haiM tathA isase vastra pAtra kA parimANa bhI bar3hAnA par3atA hai, isaliye yaha niyama banAyA gayA thA / usa samaya sAdhu bhI jaMgala ke svaccha vAtAvaraNa meM rahate the, isaliye asnAna kI svAsthya sambandhI hAniyA~ na khaTakatI thIM, parantu Aja ve laTakatI hai / malinatA se kRmi Adi paidA hote haiM, durgaMdha paidA hotI hai jo apane ko aura dUsaroM ko nirarthaka kaSTa detI hai, isaliye snAna karanA Avazyaka hai / daMtavana to aura bhI adhika Avazyaka hai / agara pazu kI taraha rUkSa AhAra liyA jAya, bhUkha se adhika na khAyA jAya to yoM bhI dA~ta sApha raha sakate haiM / sambhavataH isI Azaya ko lekara yaha vrata banAyA gayA ho, jisase loga durgaMdha ke bhaya se bahuta kImatI : AhAra lekara samAja para adhika bojha na DAle; parantu usakA asalI uddezya to naSTa ho gayA, sirfa bAhirI kiyA baccI rhii| Dronana karane kA vrata unhIM ko pAlana karanA cAhiye jinake dA~ta dAna karane para bhI svaccha raha sakate hoM / jinake dA~toM meM svacchatA nahIM raha pAtI, durgaMdha AtI hai, unako dA~ta sApha karanA hI cAhiye / * kahA jAtA hai ki dA~ta sAfa karane se dA~toM ke kIr3e marate haiN| yadi aisA hai taba to dA~ta avazya sApha karanA cAhiye anyathA dA~toM ke kIr3e dhIre dhIre itanI adhika saMkhyA meM vahA~ aDDA jamA leMge ki thor3I-sI bhI harakata se ve mareMge, hiMsA kiye binA dA~toM ko hilAnA bhI muzkila hogaa| isaliye yaha acchA hai ki nirantara " **

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224] [jainadharma-mImAMsA kI isa mahAna hiMsA se bacane ke liye prArambha meM thor3I-sI hiMsA kara lI jAya / yaha viveka pUrNa ahiMsA hI kahalAyagI / isa dRSTi se upavAsa ke dina bhI dainauna karanA ucita hai / - bhU-zayana -jamIna para sonA bhI eka mUla guNa hai / sAdhu kI kaSTa-sahiSNutA tathA niSparigrahatA ko bar3hAne ke liye tathA ArAmatalabI ko dUra karane ke liye yaha niy| banAyA gayA thaa| apane samaya ke liye yaha bahuta upayoga yA, aura amuka aMza meM Aja bhI upayogI hai / usa samaya sAdhu-saMsthA ko paritrAjaka arthAt bhramaNazIla banAnA z2arUrI thA, isaliye agara bhU-zapana kA niyama na hotA to muni logoM ke sira para sAmAna kA ? nA bojha ho jAtA ki ve svataMtratA meM bhramaNa nahIM kara sakate the, isaliye bhaktoM ko unake sAtha naukara-cAkara rakhanA par3ate, rAste meM agara koI bistara curA letA to becAre muniyoM kI gati hI ruka jAtI, isaliye yaha niyama banAkara bahuta acchA kiyA gaya! / parantu Aja gamanAgamana ke sAdhana badala gaye haiM tathA muTabha ho gaye haiM, upta kI AvazyakatA bhI bar3ha gaI hai, sAtha hI vastrAdi kA utpAdana bhI bar3ha gayA hai / sevA karane ke tarIke bhI badala gaye haiM / isaliye yaha vrata sirpha abhyAsa ke liye hI rakhanA cAhiya. mala-guNa meM DAlane lAyaka nahIM hai / hA~, sAdhu meM itanI mAnasika sahana zakti avazya honA cAhiye ki vaha AvazyakatA par3ane para santoSa ke sAtha bhU-zayana kara ske| khar3e AhAra lenA--yaha bhI eka mUla-guNa samajhA jAtA hai / jaba sAdhu nagna rahatA thA, 'pAtra nahIM rakhatA thA, aura zrAvaka

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munisaMsthA ke niyama ] [225 ke yahA~ bhojana letA thA aura snAna nahIM karatA thA, taba usake liye yaha ucita thA ki vaha khar3e-khar3e AhAra le; kyoMki baiThakara AhAra lena para anna se usakA zarIra bhir3a jAyagA, jisake liye use snAna karanA par3egA, isaliye jina-kalpI sAdhu ke liye yaha niyama ucita thA / parantu jaba nagnatA Adi ke niyama Avazyaka na rahe, na asnAna-vata rahA, taba khar3e AhAra lene kI koI jarUrata nahIM rhii| Ajakala yaha bilakula anAvazyaka hai| eka hI bAra bhojana lenA--yaha niyama hai to acchA, phira bhI bhUla-guNa meM rakhane lAyaka nahIM hai, kyoMki eka hI bAra bhojana karane se jahA~ eka tarapha svAsthya-hAni hai, vahA~ dusarI tarafa svAsthya-hAni ke sAdhanoM kI kamI nahIM hotI / ekabhukti se yaha samajhA jAtA hai ki manuSya kama khAyagA / parantu, jaba sadA ke liye yaha niyama bana jAtA hai taba kama khAne kI bAta nikala jAtI hai, eka hI bAra meM do bAra kA bhojana pahuMca jAtA hai / apathya aura ajIrNa kI sArI zikAyateM jyoM kI tyoM ho jAtI haiM, balki dUsarI bAra bhojana na milane kI AzA se z2arUrata se jyArA bhI ha~sa liyA jAtA hai | ajIrNa Adi rokane ke liye eka mukti kA niyama bilakula vyartha hai| yaha bAta to khAnevAle kI icchA paraM nirbhara hai ki vaha ajIrNa se bacA rhe| hA~, bhojana kI lolupatA ko rokane meM thor3I bahuta sahAyatA mila sakatI hai, parantu vaha bhI icchA para nirbhara hai, anyathA eka bhukti meM bhI rasanA-indriya kI AjJA ke anusAra manamAnA nAca kiyA jA sakatA hai, isaliye ekabhukti ko mUla-guNa banAnA

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226 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsA ucita nahIM / hA~, samaya kI bacata ke liye yaha zikSA-trata ke sthAna para rakkhA jA sakatA hai / usameM pAnI kI tathA auSadha kI chuTTI sadA ke liye honA caahiye| bIca meM AvazyakatA hone para bhI pAnI pIne se svAsthya ko dhakkA lagatA hai / isase apane kartavya meM hAni hotI hai aura dUsaroM kI parezAnI bar3hatI hai, isaliye pAnI na rokanA cAhiye / upavAsa meM bhI pAnI pAMnA ucita hai / zvetAmbara sampradAya meM jo 27 mUla-guNa kahe gaye haiM, una meM do taraha ke pATha hai / pahile samavAyAMga ke pATha ke anusAra ahiMsAdi pA~ca vrata donoM sampradAyoM meM haiM jinako maiMne yahA~ bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| sirpha unakI vyAkhyA samayAnusAra kI hai / pA~ca indriya-vijaya ke viSaya meM mI kaha cukA hU~ / bAkI mUla guNa kucha avyavasthita, punarukta aura aspaSTa mAlUma hote haiN| krodha-mAnamAyA-loma ke tyAga ko cAra mUla-guNa mAnA hai, parantu ye aisI bAteM hai jinakA nirNaya karanA kaThina hai, balki yoM kahanA cAhiye ki inako dUra karane ke liye to sAdhu-saMsthA meM praveza hai| phira inako mUla-guNa meM rakhane kA kyA matalaba ! Age tIna taraha ke satya, tIna mula- guNa mAne gaye haiM / unameM bhAva-satya kA artha hai - antarAtmA ko zuddha rakhanA / isake liye to cAritra ke sora niyama haiM, phira isako mUla-guNa banAne kI jarUrata kyA hai, athavA sirpha ise hI mUla-guNa banA lenA cAhiye aura bAkI mUlaguNoM ko dUra kara denA cAhiye / karaNa-satya kA artha hai, saphAI Adi kA kArya satarkatA se karanA / pahile samitiyoM kA jo varNana

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munisaMsthA ke niyama [227 kiyA hai unameM isakA samAveza ho jAtA hai / samitiyoM ko maiMne mUla-guNa meM nahIM rakhA hai, isaliye yaha bhI mula-guNa meM zAmila na kahalAyA / yoga-satya arthAt mana-vacana-kArya kI sacAI / yaha bhI esA - malaguNa hai jo kisI vizeSatA kI tarapha saMketa nahIM karatA, athavA mAyA-kapAya ke tyAga meM isakA samAveza ho jAtA hai / kSamA ko alaga sthAna danA mI ThIka nahIM hai / yaha tA krodha-vyAga meM A jAtA hai / yadyapi ina donoM meM bheda batalAne kI koziza kI gaI hai ki kAdha ko paidA na hone denA kSamA hai aura paidA hue krodha ko roka danA- prAdha-viveka hai| parantu isa prakAra ke sUkSma annara kI kalpanA karaka, tathA kSamA kI vyakhyA ko saMkucita karake maraguNoM kI marUpA bar3hAnA ThIka nahIM hai| isI prakAra kA mUla antara anya mUlaguNoM meM bhI batAyA jA sakatA hai, parantu vA nirarthaka kliTa kalpanA hai / jJAnayuktatA-ko avazya ho mundraguNa meM sthAna diyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki binA jJAna ke samAja-sevA nahIM kI jA sktii| sAdhu-saMsthA meM bahuta se mUr3ha akSara-zatra ghusa jAte haiM, isaliye jJAnayuktatA ko avazya hI mUlaguNoM meM rakhanA caahiye| jJAnayuktatA kA yaha artha nahIM hai ki saMskRta, prAkRta, iMgliza, arabI, phArasI kA jAnakAra ho jAya, yA kisI viSaya kA jItA jAgatA zabdakoSa yA padya-koSa bana jAya; kintu jisameM samajhadArI ho, viveka ho, kartavyAkartavya kA dUsaroM ko bhAna karA sakatA ho-vaha jJAnayukta hai / isa viSaya kA mAdhyama dezakAla ke anusAra badalatA rahegA / jahA~ strI-zikSA kA kama pracAra

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228] [jainadharma-mImAMsA ho, vahA~ bitanI zikSA se kisI strI ko viduSI kahA jA sakatA hai, utanI hI zikSA se kisI ko vidvAna nahIM kahA jA sktaa| isI prakAra jaMgalI jAtiyoM meM yA pichar3I huI jAtiyoM meM jitane zikSaNa se koI vidvAna kahalAtA hai utane se zikSaNa meM samunnata jAti yA deza meM koI vidvAna nahIM kahalA sakatA / jJAnayuktatA kA artha karate samaya yaha dRSTi-bindu. dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye / matalaba yaha hai ki sAdhu-saMsthA meM aise ayogya AdamI na A jAnA cAhiye jinake jJAna kI yogyatA sAdhu-saMsthA ke kartavya kA bojha na uThA sakatI ho / AvazyakatA hone para use ummedavAra ke taura para rakha sakate haiM / sAdhu-saMsthA ko koI khAsa sahAyatA kI AzA ho aura koI prabhAvazAlI AdamI praveza karanA cAhatA ho aura isa niyama ke apavAda kI AvazyakatA ho to apavAda bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| darzanayukatA-bhI mUlaguNa meM rakhane yogya hai; kyoMki samyadarzana ke binA samyakacAritra nahIM ho sakatA / samyagdarzana kA vistRta vivecana pahile kiyA gayA hai| parantu yahA~ para jisa aMza para jora denA hai, vaha hai samabhAvaM / sAdhu ko samabhAvI arthAt sarva-dharma-samabhAvI honA cAhiye / sAmpradAyika pakSapAta na ho, athA use satya kA hI pakSa ho, kisI sampadAya vizeSa kA nhiiN| sAdhu arthAta jise vizvamAtra kI sevA kI sAdhanA karanA hai, vaha samabhAvI ho-yaha Avazyaka hai| prazna-jina sampradAyoM meM ahiMsA sadAcAra Adi kA malya

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munisaMsthA ke niyama (229 nahIM hai aura jinameM unnati ke tatva adhika maujUda haiM unameM samabhAva arthAt eka-sA bhAva kaise rakkhA jA sakatA hai ! . . uttara-unnati ke liye upayogI tatvoM kI apekSA se nyUnAdhikatA ho sakatI hai, parantu jisa samaya jo dharma utpanna huA thA, usa samaya kI paristhiti ke anusAra vicAra karane para dhoM ke vyaktitva kI tastamatA bahuta kama ho jAtI hai / phira bhI jo nyUnAdhikatA ho usakI hama AlocanA kara sakate haiM / paratu isameM pUrNa niHpakSatA aura sahAnubhUti honA cAhiye / satya-asatya ke viveka ko chor3ane kI z2arUrata nahIM hai parantu dharma kI oTa meM Ama-prasaMzA yA : AtmIya-prazaMsA aura para nindA yA parakIya kI nindA ko cher3ane kI z2arUrata hai / aura sAdhu ke liye to yaha atyAvazyaka hai| cAritrayuktatA ko mUlabhaguNa banAne kI z2arUrata nahIM hai; kyoMki pahile jo mUla-guNa batAye gaye haiM ve saba cAritra hI haiN| ahiMsA Adi vrata bhI cAritra haiM / isaliye cAritrayuktatA se kisI vizeSa guNa kA yA kartavya kA jJAna nahIM hotA, isaliye mUla-guNoM kI nAmAvalI meM isakA nAma nahIM rakkhA jA sktaa| __ vedanA sahana karanA, maraNopasarga sahana karanA-Adi acchI bAteM haiM / sAdhu meM sAdhAraNa logoM kI apekSA kucha kaSTa-sahiSNutA avazya honA cAhiye, parantu ina donoM ko alaga alaga mUla-guNa nahIM kahA jA sakatA / hA~, donoM ke sthAna para kaSTa-sahiSNutA nAma kA mULa-guNa rakkhA jA sakatA hai / parantu, isakI spaSTa vyAkhyA nahIM ho sakatI; kyoMki isakA sambandha mana aura zarIra donoM se

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230] [jainadharma-mImAMsA hai| mala-guNoM meM mAnasika sahiSNutA kohI sthAna diyA jA sakatA hai / zArIrika sahiSNutA para sAdhu kA kya! vaza hai| zarIra kI kamajorI se bAhara kI choTI-sI coTa adhika kaSTa pahu~cA sakatI hai aura dUsare ko zarIra kI dRr3hatA se bar3I coTa bhI itanA asara nahIM pahuMcA sakatI / zArIrika zaktiyoM kI isa viSamatA se isakA nirNaya karanA kaThina hai ki kisameM kitanI kaSTa-sahiSNumA haiN| Akhira kaSTa-sahiSNutA kI bhI sImA hai, isaliye isakA nirNaya aura bhI kaThina hai| phira bhI sAdhAraNataH kaSTa-sahiSNutA kA ullekha karanA jarUrI hai, jisase sAdhu meM ArAmatalabI Adi doSa na A pAve, tathA AvazyakatA hone para usakA dhyAna isa tarapha AkarSita kiyA jA ske| svatAmbara sampradAya meM sattAIsa mUla-guNoM kA jo dUsarA pAThapravacanasArodArakA hai, usameM bhI isI prakAra kI astavyastatA tathA punarukti pAI jAtI hai / umakA - yaha doSa nAmAvalI se hI spaSTa ho jAtA hai, isaliye unakA vivecana karane kI koI z2arUrata nahIM hai| sirpha do bAtoM kA vicAra karanA hai| eka to chaH kAya ke jIvoM kI rakSA, dasera vrata meM rAtri bhojana syAma / isa meM se chaH kAya ke jIvoM kI rakSA ko mula-guNoM meM zAmila nahIM kara sakate kyoMki pRthvI, pAnI, agni Adi kI rakSA ke sUkSma niyama Aja Avazyaka hai / tathA kabhI kabhI to ve sevA ko rokate hai anAvazyaka asuvidhAe~ paidA karate haiM / isake atirikta inameM jIvana hai ki.nahIM, yaha bAta bhI abhI taka asiddha koTi meM hai / sambhava hai ki bhaviSya meM inameM jIvana siddha ho sake, parantu abhI to

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munisaMsthA ke niyama isakI sambhAvanA kama hI hai ! aura jaba inameM jIvana siddha bhI hogA taba bhI inakA jIvana itanA alpa mUlya hogA ki unakI rakSA ko eka guNa banAnA anAvazyaka hI rahegA / hA~, vanaspatikAya aura prasa-kAya kI rakSA vicAraNIya hai| parantu, AhiMsAvata ke vivecana meM jitanA varNana kiyA gayA hai usase alaga isakA koI sthAna nahIM rahatA / tAtparya yaha hai ki cha: kAya kI rakSA kA bata ahiMsA-bata meM A jAtA hai / usase adhika ko mala-guNa meM lAne kI koI jarUrata nahIM hai| rAtribhojanatyAga----isa naye pATha meM rAtri bhojana tyAga ko milAkara ahiMsAdi vrata banAye gaye haiN| digamra sampradAya ke pATha meM aura zvatAmbara sampradAya ke prathama pATha meM rAtri bhojanasyAga kA ullekha nahIM hai| isase yaha to mAlma hotA hai ki prArambha meM muniyoM ke liye rAtri bhojana kA tyAga anivArya nahIM thaa| parantu rAtri meM yannAcAra se calanA muzkila thA, isaliye rAtri meM bhikSA bhI nahIM lI jA sakatI thI, isaliye rAtri bhojana ThIka nahIM samajhA gyaa| rAtri bhojana meM samiti Ara epaNAsamiti kA ThIka ThIka pAlana na ho sakana se rAtribhojana kA yathAzakya niSedha kiyA gyaa| phira bhI prArambha meM isa niSedha ne mUlaguNa kA rUpa dhAraNa nahIM kiyaa| thor3e samaya bAda muniyoM ke liye yaha svatantra vrata mAna liyA gyaa| dazavakAlika meM yaha svatantra vrata * ahAvare chaThe mante vae rAimAyaNAo beramaNaM / "iyAI paJca mahabbayAI gaibhoyaNaveramaNa chaTAI antahiyaTTayAe uba saMpabjitANaM vihAmi / 46 /

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" .. 232] [jainadharma-mImAMsA ke rUpa meM milatA hai / digambara sampradAya ke granthoM meM bhI isakA ullekha huA hai, parantu yaha vahA~ uTTe aNuvrata ke rUpa meM pracalita / huA hai| isa prakAra jaba yaha zrAvakoM ke liye vrata bana gayA, taba muniyoM ke liye ho, yaha svAbhAvika hai / mUlAcAra meM yaha : vrata kI rakSA ke liye : upayogI batAyA hai / sarvArthasiddhi aura rAjavArtika meM kahA hai ki yaha ahiMsAvata kI bhAvanA meM zAmila hai / parantu yaha bAta mUlAcAra ke viruddha mAlUma hotA hai / mUlAcAra meM pA~ca vratoM kI rakSA ke liye rAtri bhojana tyAga, ATha pravacanamAtAe~, aura paccIsa bhAvanAe~* batAI gaI haiN| agara AlokitapAnabhojana mAvanA meM rAtri bhojanatyAga zAmila hotA to malAvAra meM rAtri. mojana ko bhAvanAoM se alaga na. batAyA hotA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki bhAvanA to bhAvanA hai, vicAra hai / vaha pakA niyama nahIM hai| yoM to satyavrata kI bhAvanAoM meM krodha, lobha kA bhI tyAga batAyA hai, parantu isIliye kisI ko thor3A bahuta krodha A jAya to usakA vrata bhaMga nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / sarvArthasiddhi aura rAjavArtikakAra use khIMcatAna karake vratoM meM zAmila karane haiN| isa vivecana kA sAra yahI hai ki rAtri bhojana tyAga pahile www.mmmmmmimmmmmmmmmmmmmmmwwwwwwwmmmmmmmm kacitturAjya bhojanamapi aguvratamucyate / sAgAradharmAmRta / vratatrANAya kartavyam rAtrimojana varjanam / sarvayAnnAnnivRstatproktaM. SaSThamaNuvratam / 5-70 AcArasAra / rAtribhojana viramagaM ssntthmnnuvrtm| caritrasAra / / tesiMcava vayANaM rakkhalu rAdibhoyaNaNiyati / mUlAcAra 295 / . * gAthA 29 /

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sunisaMsthA ke niyama ] [233 mUlaguNoM meM nahIM thA, pIche usakI AvazyakatA mAlUma huI aura TE bhAvanAoM ke rUpa meM yA spaSTa rUpa meM vrata banA liyA gayA / parantu, agara muniyoM ke liye hI yaha vrata rahatA aura zrAvakoM ke liye na rahatA tatra bar3I ar3acana hotI; kyoMki muniyoM ko to zrAvakoM se bhojana milatA thA -- aura bhojana bhI vaha jo zrAvakoM ne apane liye banAyA ho -tatra muniyoM ko rAtri meM bhojana karanA par3atA yA zAma kA bhojana banda rakhanA par3atA / yadyapi digambara sampradAya meM zAma kA bhojana nahIM hotA hai, parantu zvetAmbara sampradAya meM yaha pracalita hai, aura isameM koI burAI nahIM mAlUma hotI / dina ke do bhojana ginane kA rivAja digambara zvetAvaradAnoM meM eka sarIkhA hai / belA, telA Adi ke liye jo zabda pracalita haiM unase bhI yaha bAta dhvanita hotI hai / lagAtAra do upavAsa karane ko chaTTa kahate haiM / chaTTa kA sIdhA artha yahI hai ki jisameM chaTThA bhojana kiyA jAya, arthAt pA~ca bhojana banda kiye jaoNya / eka Aja ke zAma kA Ara dA kala ke aura do parasoM ke, isa prakAra pA~ca bhojana banda karane para haTTa hotA hai / isa artha meM pratidina ke do bhojana mAna liye gaye haiM / chaTTu Adi zabdoM kA yaha artha unake itihAsa para prakAza DAlakara dina ke do bhojana siddha karatA hai| khaira, dina meM do bhojana ho yA eka, parantu zrAvakoM meM rAtri bhojana kA pracAra rahane para subaha ke bhojana kI vyavasthA bhI bigar3a jAtI hai / jo loga rAtri meM bhojana kareMge, ve dina ke pUrvArdha kA bhojana jaldI nahIM kara sakate, ve gyAraha - bAraha baje taka bhojana kreNge| usa samaya sAdhu ke sAmAyika Adi kA

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234 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA I samaya A jAtA hai, isaliye sAdhu ke liye bhikSA kA ucita samaya 'porasa' batAyA gayA thA / yaha samaya karIba dasa baje ke pahile hI vyatIta ho jAtA hai aura garamI ke dinoM meM to nai| yA usase bhI pahile nikala jAtA hai / rAtribhojana tyAgI ke ghara meM isa samaya niruddiSTa bhojana nahIM mila sakatA / ina saba kaThinAiyoM se yaha Avazyaka mAlUma huA ki sAdhu ke sammAna zrAvaka bhI rAtri bhojana kA tyAga kareM / zatAbdiyoM ke prayatna ke bAda isa viSaya meM AzAtIta saphalatA milI aura sAdhu-saMsthA kI kaThinAI hala huI / isameM sandeha nahIM ki divasa- bhojana kI apekSA rAtri - bhojana kucha hIna zreNI kA hai / aura purAne jamAne meM jaba ki Ajakala sarIkhe sAdhana nahIM the, qhAsakara isa garama deza meM to rAtri-bhojana syAga kI bahuta AvazyakatA thI / rAtri-bhojana kA tyAga kara dene se rAtri ke liye nirAkulatA bhI rahatI hai / Arogya kI dRSTi se bhI rAtri - bhojana, divasa bhojana ThIka nahIM hai / kI apekSA itanA saba hote hue bhI rAtri-bhojana tyAga ko mUlaguNa nahIM rakha sakate; kyoMki Aja yahA~ munisaMsthA ke niyama hI badala diye gaye haiM, isaliye purAnI asuvidhAoM meM se kucha asuvidhAe~ to yoM hI nikala jAtI haiM / aba na to bhikSAvRtti ko anivArya rakhanA hai, na rAtri-gamana kA niSedha | isaliye rAtribhojana tyAga ki anivAryatA nahIM raha jAtI / 1 * jisa samaya apane zarIra kI chAyA apane zarIra ke barAbara hI lambI ho, usako 'porasa' kA samaya kahate haiN|

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[ 235 phira bhI sAdhu-saMsthA meM sAdhAraNataH rAtri bhojana kI manAI munisaMsthA ke niyama ] rahe, parantu nimnalikhita apavAda raheM: -- 1 - bImArI ke kAraNa rAtri meM auSadha lenA / 2- pAnI pInA yA AvazyakatAvaza phalAhAra karanA / 3 - pravAsa yA kisI sevA kArya ke kAraNa agara dina meM maukA na milA ho, aura rAtri meM phalAhAra vagairaha kI suvidhA na ho to bhojana karanA | matalaba yaha ki sAdhAraNataH dina meM bhojana karane kA niyama rakhanA cAhiye aura kisI qhAsa z2arUrata para rAtri-bhojana karanA cAhiye / zIta-pradhAna dezoM ke liye tathA jahA~ para lambI lambI rAtriyA~ hotI hai, vahA~ ke liye rAtri - bhojana tyAga kA niyama itanA bhI nahIM banAyA jA sakatA / zaGkA - bhojana na karake phalAhAra karanA to aura bhI anucita hai, kyoMki isameM kharca bar3hatA hai / isakI apekSA sUve cane khA lenA acchA hai / samAdhAna - niHsandeha sUkhe cane khAne meM aura phalAhAra meM koI antara nahIM hai, kintu canA khAkara 'cane kI roTI' bhI khAI jAne lagatI hai; isake bIca meM maryAdA bA~dhanA muzkila hai / anna aura phala ke bIca maryAdA ba~dhI jA sakatI hai / phalAhAra se acchI taraha peTa nahIM bharatA, tathA anna bhojana kI taraha yaha pratidina sulabha bhI nahIM hai, isaliye rAtri - bhojana ke apavAda meM phalAhAra rakhane se rAtri-bhojana kI praNAlI nirargala rUpa meM nahIM cala sakatI /

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236] (jainadharma-mImAMsA muni-saMsthA ke aura bhI choTe choTe niyama hai, parantu munisaMsthA ke rUpa meM jo yaha krAnti kI gaI hai-usase unake viSaya meM vayaM hI vicAra ho jAtA hai, isaliye unake viSaya meM vicAra karane kI z2arUrata nahIM hai / vartamAna meM jo mUlaguNa pracalita hai, parIkSA karane ke bAda sAdhu-saMsthA ke liye jina mUlaguNoM kI Ava. zyakatA raha jAtI hai, ve ye haiM 1-samabhAva, 2-jJAnayuktatA, 3-ahiMsA, 4-satya, 5- acaurya, 6-brahmacarya, 7-aparigraha, 8-iMdriya-vijaya, 9-pratikramaNa, 10-karmaNpatA, 11-kaSTasahiSNutA / vartamAna meM ina mUlaguNoM kI AvazyakatA hai aura inameM sabhI Avazyaka bAtoM kA saMgraha aura spaSTIkaraNa ho jAtA hai / inameM se prArambha ke nau guNoM kI AlocanA to sattAIsa aura aTThAIsa mUlaguNoM kI AlocanA karate samaya kara dI gaI hai| bAkI do mUlaguNa aura raha jAte haiM, unakI saMkSipta AlocanA yahA~ kara dI jAtI hai| kamaNyatA-sAdhu ko jIvana-nivAI ke liye yA usake badale meM kucha na kucha sevA avazya karanA cAhiye / nivRtti kI duhAI dekara pravRtti ko nindA karake cupacApa par3e rahane kA nAma dharma nahIM hai / hA~, yaha bAta avazya hai ki sevA apanI apanI yogyatA tathA samAja kI AvazyakatA ke anusAra hogii| koI kalAkAra hai to usako apanI kalA se sevA karanA cAhiye, koI vidvAna hai to vaha vidyA dekara sevA kare, athavA bhagara koI. vRddha hai to usako bahuta-sI riyAyata dI jA sakatI hai| hA~, itanI

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munisaMsthA ke niyama ] [ 237 bAta avazya hai ki kalAkAra yA vidvAna jyAdaha aura maz2adUra kama ho to kalAkAra aura vidvAnoM ko maz2adUrI bhI karanA par3egI / matalaba yaha ki kisa kAma kI kitanI AvazyakatA hai - use dekhakara yogyatAnusAra kAma kA cunAva kiyA jAnA cAhiye / paraspara meM eka dUsare kI sevA karanA, rogI kI dekhabhAla rakhanA Adi Avazyaka kartavya haiM, jo ki isa mUla-guNa ke nAma para avazya karanA cAhiye / 1 kaSTasahiSNutA - sAdhu-saMsthA jo ki 'sevA saMsthA' hai, usa meM kaSTasahiSNutA to atyAvazyaka hai / upasarga aura parISoM kI vijaya kA varNana isIliye kiyA jAtA hai, parantu sahiSNutA zabda kI mahattA para avazya hI dhyAna rakhanA cAhiye / kaSToM ke sahane kA artha hai - kaSToM ko sahana karake duHkhI na honA, kartavya na chor3anA / z2arA z2arA-sI bAta meM jo loga jhuMjhalA uThate haiM, athavA thor3I-sI asuvidhA meM bhI jinakA pArA garama ho jAtA hai, ve kaSTasahiSNu nahIM hai / zArIrika kaSTasahiSNutA ko yathAsAdhya bar3hAnA cAhiye, kintu mAnasika kaSTasahiSNutA to aura bhI adhika Avazyaka hai / kaSTa-sahiSNutA kA yaha artha nahIM hai ki manuSya vyartha ke kaSTa mola le / 'dharma sukha ke liye hai, isaliye na to anAvazyaka kaSToM ko mola lene kI z2arUrata hai, na Avazyaka aura nirdoSa ( jisase dUsaroM ke adhikAra naSTa na hote hoM) sukhoM ke tyAga karane kI z2arUrata hai| hA~, sahiSNutA kA abhyAsa bar3hAne ke liye upavAsa Adi koI bhI kAma kiyA jA sakatA hai, parantu usameM dhairya na chUTanA cAhiye, na svAsthya ko hAni pahu~canA cAhiye /

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238] [jainadharma-mImAMsA ina gyAraha mUlaguNoM meM muni-saMsthA ke mukhya mukhya niyama A jAte haiM / samayAnusAra inameM parivartana bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai, parantu saMkhyA ke ghaTa-bar3ha jAne para bhI yA thor3e-bahuta nAmoM ke badala jAne para bhI vastutattra meM koI antara nahIM aataa| anya choTe niyama samayAnusAra banAye jA sakate haiM / cAritra ke aMgarUpa meM bahuta-sI bAteM jaina zAstroM meM pracalita haiM / parantu Ajakala unakA artha sirpha aikAntika nivRtti ko lekara liyA jAtA hai / isaliye saMkSepa meM unakA vAstavika artha batalA denA Avazyaka hai, jisakA ki isa saMzoSita saya jenadharma ke sAtha samanvaya ho ske| . dvAdazAnuprekSA vairAgya paidA karane ke liye ye bAraha taraha kI bhAvanAe~ vicAradhArAe~ jainasAhitya meM pracalita haiN| anitya-pratyeka padArtha naSTa honevAlA hai, isa prakAra kA vicAra karanA anitya-bhAvanA hai| anAsakti ke liye yaha vicAra bahuta acchA hai / "duniyA~ kI jina cIjoM ke liye hama anyAya karate haiM, ve sAtha jAnevAlI nahIM hai.- yaha jIvana bhI kSaNabhaMgura hai, taba bhalA isake liye dUsaroM ke adhikAroM kA nAza karanA vyartha hai / prakRti ko zAyada hama thor3e bahuta aMzo meM vijaya kara sakeM, dUsare manuSyoM para bhI vijaya pA sakeM, parantu mauta para vijaya nahIM pA sakate / mauta hamArI saba vijayoM ko chIna legI / jo hamAre sAmane dekha nahIM sakate, kala va hasa~ga; Aja jo eka zabda bhI bola nahIM sakate-kala ve hI manamAnI sunAyege

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dvAdazAnupekSA] [239 jaba yaha 'cAra dinoM kI cA~danI phira a~dherI rAta, hai taba isa cA~danI ko atyAcAra se kAlA kyoM banAveM ! jaba isa zarIra ko eka dina miTTI meM milanA hI hai taba ise dUsaroM ke sira para kyoM nacAveM" isa prakAra ke vicAra hameM nyAyamArga se bhraSTa nahIM hone dete / yahI anityabhAvanA kI upayogitA hai| vipatti meM dhairya rakhane ke liye bhI yaha bhAvanA upayogI hai| jisa prakAra sampatti calI jAtI hai usI prakAra vipatti bhI calI jAtI hai / vipatti ke Ane para agara hamArA dhyAna isa bAta para rahe ki-yaha vipatti calI jAvegI-to hama ghabarAte nahIM hai aura hatAza hokara nahIM baiTha rhte| ' pratyeka vastu kA durupayoga hotA hai, isaliye isa bhAvanA kA bhI durupayoga ho sakatA hai, jisase bacane kI z2arUrata hai / pahilA durupayoga hai-isa vicAra ko dArzanika rUpa de denA / dArzanika dRSTi se jagat nitya hai yA kSaNika, isa prakAra kI mImAMsA meM isa bhAvanA kA vicAra na karanA cAhiye / dArzanika dRSTi kA sambandha samasta jagat ke viSaya meM vicAra karane se hai, heya upAdeya, Asakti anAsakti Adi dRSTiyoM se nahIM / amityabhAvanA hRdaya ko niHsvArtha banAne ke liye hai / dArzanika dRSTi se agara jagat nitya siddha ho to bhI anityabhAvanA mithyA na ho jaaygii| dUsarA durupayoga akarmaNyatA kA hai| anAsakta bananA cAhiye, parantu akarmaNya na bananA cAhiye / vyakta yA avyakta rUpa meM hama samAja se bahuta kucha lete haiM, usakA byAjasahita badalA

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240] [jainadharma mImAMsA cukAne kI koziza karate rahanA cAhiye / duniyA kSaNabhaMgura hai, aura hama bhI kSaNabhaMgura haiM, isaliye uttaradAyitvahIna jIvana banAnA kAyaratA hai| azaraNa-maiM duniyA kA rakSaka hU~, athavA mere bahuta sahAyaka haiM, merA kauna kyA kara sakatA hai-isa prakAra kA ahaGkAra manuSya meM na A jAya, isake liye azaraNa bhAvanA hai / manuSya kA yaha ahakAra vyartha hai; kyoMki marane se isakI koI rakSA nahIM kara sakatA, na yaha kisI ko marane se bacA sakatA hai / bImArI Adi ke kaSToM kA ise svayaM vedana karanA par3atA hai, usa samaya usake daHkhAnubhava meM koI hAtha nahIM baTA sakatA-Adi azaraNa bhAvanA hai| isakA upayoga ahaGkAra ke tyAga ke liye karanA cAhiye / dayA paropakAra Adi chor3akara nipaTa svArthI ho jAnA azaraNa bhAvanA nahIM hai / kyoMki yadyapi hama kisI kI rakSA nahIM kara sakate, kintu rakSA karane ke liye yathAzakti prayatna karake sahAnubhUti to batalA sakate haiM aura kaSTa sahane kA usameM sAhasa paidA kara sakate haiM / isa bhAvanA kA mukhya lakSya yahI hai ki pratyeka vyakti ko kisI kI zaraNa kI AzA na rakhakara khAvalambI bananA cAhiye, tayA paropakAra Adi karake 'hama duniyA ke rakSaka haiM, hamAre binA kisI kA kAma nahIM cala sakatA' ityAdi ahaGkAra chor3adenA caahiye| saMsAra-'cAhe zrImAna ho, cAhe garIba, sabhI duHkhI haiN| yaha bhAvanA isaliye Avazyaka hai ki jisase hama saMsAra ke kSuda

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> dvAdazAnuprekSA ] [ 241 pralobhanoM meM pha~sakara kartavyacyuta na ho jAveM / dUra se vastu sundara dikhAI detI hai, isa lokokti ke anusAra hama dUsaroM ko sukhI samajhA karate haiM, parantu pratyeka manuSya jAnatA hai ki maiM sukhI nahIM huuN| jo cIz2a usake pAsa hotI hai usake viSaya meM vaha vicAra kiyA karatA hai ki - " acchA ! isase kyA huA !" isa prakAra kA asantoSa use dUsaroM kI taraha banane ke liye prerita karatA hai aura yaha preraNA parimaha - pApa ko bar3hAne meM tathA usake dvArA anya pApoM ke bar3hAne meM sahAyaka hotI hai / agara use yaha mAlUma ho jAya ki itanA pApa karake bhI mujhe jo kucha milegA usameM bhI maiM dukhI rahU~gA, to pApa kI tarafa usakI preraNA nahIM hotI / parantu isakA yaha matalaba nahIM hai ki agara hamAre aura dUsaroM ke Upara atyAcAra hotA ho to hama use dUra karane kI koziza na kareM / prathama adhyAya meM kahe gaye niyamoM ke anusAra hameM sukha kI vRddhi karanA hI cAhiye ! isaliye isa bhAvanA ke viSaya meM dUsarI dRSTi yaha hai ki saMsAra meM duHkha bahuta hai. prAkRtika duHkhoM kI sImA nahIM hai, unhIM ko haTAne meM hamArI sArI zakti kharca ho sakatI hai, phira bhI ve pUre rUpa meM na haTa pAyeMge / aisI hAlata meM hama paraspara anyAya aura upekSA karake jo duHkhoM kI vRddhi karate haiM, yaha kyA ucita hai ! saMsAra meM duHkha bahuta haiM, isaliye hama se jitanA bana sake use naSTa karane kI koziza karanA cAhiye, ityAdi anya aneka dRSTiyoM se yaha bhAvanA rakhanA cAhiye, jisase svapara-kalyANa ho / 1 ekatva - manuSya akelA hI paidA hotA hai aura akelA hI maratA hai, hara hAlata meM isakA koI sAthI nahIM hai, ityAdi vicAra

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242] [jainadharma mImAMsA ekatva-bhAvanA hai / svAvalambana tathA anAsakti kI vRddhi ke liye yaha bhAvanA bahuta upayogI hai / parantu duniyA~, jo sahayoga ke tatva para ThaharI huI hai, usakA isa bhAvanA se khaNDana nahIM hotA, balki vaha sahayoga aura bhI acchA banatA hai| pati-patnI, pitA-putra, guruziSya, bhAI-bahina tathA mitra Adi ke jo sambandha hai-ve ucita aura Avazyaka hai, parantu pratyeka vyakti ko yaha dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye ki ina sambandhoM se lAbha uThAne meM vaha akelA hai / usakI yogyatA hI usake kAma AyagI / jisa prakAra hama apanI bhalAI ke liye dUsaroM se sahAyatA cAhate haiM-usI prakAra dUsare bhI apanI bhalAI ke liye hamase sahAyatA cAhate haiM / dUsaroM kI bhalAI karane kI hama meM jitanI yogyatA hogI, usI ke Upara yaha bAta nirbhara hai ki hama dUsaroM se kucha lAbha uThA sakeM / yahI hamArA ekatva hai jo ki sahayoga ke anekatva ke liye atyupayogI hai| ekala kA yaha artha nahIM hai ki vyakta yA avyakta rUpa meM duniyA se to hama lAbha uThAteM raheM, kintu usakA badalA cukAne ke liye kahate phireM ki "na hama kisI ke, na koI hamArA, jhUThA hai saMsArA" / yaha to eka prakAra kI ghora svArthAMdhatA hai ekatva bhAvanA 30 svAyAdhatA ke liye nahIM hai, kintu svAvalambI tathA yogya banane ke liye hai| aura hA~, usa samaya santoSa ke liye hai na hamako koI sahArA na de / usa samaya hameM socanA cAhiye ki pratyeka prANI akelA hai, agara mujhe koI sahArA nahIM detA to mujhe apane meM hI sukhI rahane kI koziza karanA cAhiye, Adi / anyatva--meM apane zarIra se bhI bhinna hai, isa prakAra kI

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dvAdazAnuprekSA] [243 bhAvanA se zArIrika sukhaduHkha apane ko vikSubdha nahIM kara pAte, prAyaH zArIrika sukha-duHkha ke vicAra meM hI manuSya kI sArI zakti naSTa hotI hai, parantu sukha-duHkha kA bar3A zrota zarIra se bhinna kisI anya vastu meM hai-isa bAta ke vicAra se vaha prathama adhyAya meM batalAI huI mukhI rahane kI kalA sIkhatA hai aura sukhI banane ke liye bhautika sAdhanoM para hI avalambita nahIM rhtaa| prazna-yadyapi Apane AtmA kA pRthaka astitva siddha kara diyA hai, phira bhI dArzanika yA vaijJAnika dRSTi se AtmA kI samasyA, samasyA hI banI rahatI hai / aba bhI aise vicAraka haiM jo AtmA ko svatantra tatva nahIM mAnate / ve yaha bhAvanA kaise rakha sakate haiM ! ye bhAvanAe~ to dhArmika haiM, inakA dArzanika yA vaijJAnika bAtoM se sambandha karane kI kyA z2arUrata hai ! uttara-anyatva-bhAvanA kA dArzanika carcA se koI sambandha nahIM hai, isaliye AtmA ke nityatva se bhI koI sambandha nahIM hai| yahA~ to sirpha itanI bAta se matalaba hai ki zArIrika sukhoM se bhinna aura bhI mukha hai, jisake na hone para zArIrika sukha na hone ke barAbara hai aura jisake hone para zArIrika sukhoM kA abhAva nahIM khaTakatA / AtmavAdI use AtmIka-mukha kaheM aura anAtmavAdI use mAnasika-sukha kaheM / yaha bAta to anubhavasiddha hai ki bahuta se manuSya khAne-pIne kA kaSTa hone para bhI prasanna rahate haiM, jela kI yAtanAe~ bhI unake harSa ko nahIM chIna pAtI aura bahuta se AdamI saba sAdhana rahane para bhI ISryA Adi se jalate haiM, caina se so bhI nahIM pAte / yahI anyatva kI sarcAI mAlUna hotI hai / isa sukha-zrota

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211] (jainadharma-mImAMsA ko-jise ki AtmavAdI anAtmavAdI sabhI mAnate haiM-AsmA kA, mana kA, yA zarIra ke kisI anya sUkSma bhAga kA kahiye isameM koI hAni nahIM, parantu usake samajha lene para sukha ke viSaya meM manuSya kI jo dizAbhUla hotI hai vaha dUra ho jAtI hai| yahI anyatva. bhAvanA kA lAbha hai| azuci- zarIra kI azucitA kA vicAra karanA azucibhAvanA hai| isase do lAbha haiM / pahilA to yaha ki isase kulajAti kA mada aura chUtAchUta kA DhoMga dUra ho jAtA hai / manuSya ahaMkAravaza apane zarIra ko zuddha samajhatA hai| koI agara vyabhicAra-jAta ho to use azuddha samajhatA hai| parantu azudhi bhAvanA batalAtI hai ki zarIra sarIkhI azuci vastu meM zucitA aura azucitA kI kalpanA karanA hI mUrkhatA hai| zarIra to sabake apavitra haiN| isI prakAra koI koI bhole jIva zUdra ke ghara meM paidA honevAle zarIra ko azuci aura brAmaNa bhAdi ke ghara meM paidA honevAle zarIra ko zuci samajhate haiN| unako bhI azuci bhAvanA batalAtI hai ki sabhI zarIra anuci hai, inameM zucitA azucitA kI kalpanA karanA murkhatA hai| dUsarA lAbha yaha hai ki zarIra ko azuci samajhane se zarIrika bhogoM kI Asakti kama ho jAtI hai / isa prakAra zArIrika ahaMkAra aura Asakti ko kama karane ke liye isa mAvanA kA upayoga karanA cAhiye / parantu azuci-bhAvanA ke nAma para svacchatA ke viSaya meM lAparvAhI na karanA cAhiye !

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dvAdazAnuprekSA ] [245 Azrava - duHkha ke kAraNoM para vicAra karanA Azrava bhAvanA hai / saMvara- duHkha ke kAraNoM ko na Ane dene yA unake rokane ke viSaya meM vicAra karanA saMvara-bhAvanA hai / nirjarA- Aye hue duHkha ko kisa prakAra dUra kiyA jAya, sahana kiyA jAya, Adi vicAra karanA nirjarA-bhAvanA hai| Azrava saMvara nirjarA bhAvanA kI sAmagrI prathama adhyAya meM likhI gaI hai / isa adhyAya meM bhI sadAcAra ke jo niyama haiM - ve bhI upayogI hai| tathA tIsare adhyAya meM samyagdarzana ke varNana meM bhI bahuta-sI sAmagrI hai / loka- vizva bahuta mahAna hai; usameM hamArI kImata eka aNu sarIkhI hai, isaliye choTo choTo bAtoM ko lekara ahaMkAra karanA vyartha hai, Adi vicAra loka - bhAvanA hai / vizva tIna sau saiMtAlIsa rAja kA hai ! puruSAkAra hai yA gola yA anirdiSTa saMsthAna : ityAdi bhaugolika vicAra loka bhAvanA ke viSaya nahIM hai / athavA bhaugolika dRSTi se jisako jaise vicAra rakhanA ho rakkhe, parantu bhaugolika dRSTi ko mukhyatA na deve / mukhyatA isI yA aise hI vicAra ko denA cAhiye ki jisase vinaya zIlatA Adi guNoM ko uttejanA mile / vizva ke viSaya meM vicAra karane se jo eka kautUhala, harSa tathA jIvana ke kSudra svArthoM para upekSA paidA hotI hai, jisase pApa karane meM utsAha nahIM rahatA, bar3I bar3A lAbha hai|

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246] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA bodhidurlabha -- saba kucha milanA sarala hai, parantu satya kI prApti durlabha hai| manuSya janma, suzikSA, susaMgati Adi to durlabha haiM hI, parantu saba kucha mila jAne para ahaMkAra rUpI pizAca Akara saba chIna le jAtA hai / dharma aura sampradAya ke veSa meM hama ahaMkAra ke hI pujArI ho jAte haiM, isaliye duniyA~ ke vividha sampradAyoM meM jo satya hai, usakI prApti nahIM ho pAtI / kisI bhI dharma ke dvArA saba dharmoM ko prApta karanA durlabha hai, sarva-dharma-samabhAva durlabha hai, dharma kA marma prApta karanA durlabha hai aura jaba taka vaha prApta na kiyA jAya, taba taka dharma kA jIvana se koI sambandha nahIM ho sakatA, jIvana kI saphalatA nahIM ho sakatI, Adi vicAra karanA bodhidurlabha bhAvanA hai / dharmasvAkhyAtatva - dharma kisa taraha kahA jAye, jisameM vaha strAkhyAta arthAt acchI taraha kahA gayA kahalAve, isa prakAra kA vicAra karanA dharmasvAkhyAtatva - bhAvanA hai / dharma sabake liye hitakArI honA cAhiye, usameM sabako samAnAdhikAra honA cAhiye, kisI dUsare dharma kI nindA na honA cAhiye, samanvaya buddhi honA cAhiye, guNa kahIM bhI ho - niHpakSatA se usako apanAne kI udAratA honA cAhiye, ityAdi vizeSatAe~ hI dharma kI svAkhyAtatA hai / bAraha bhAvanAoM ke viSaya meM yahA~ sUtrarUpa meM hI kahA gayA hai / isakA bhASya to bahuta lambA kiyA jA sakatA hai, parantu basa bhASya kA masAlA ina adhyAyoM meM jahA~-tahA~ bahuta-sA hai, isaliye vaha yahA~ nahIM likhA jAtA hai /

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dazadharma] [247 dazadharma / dazadharma ke rUpa meM bhI cAritra kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai / kSamA, mArdava, Arjava, zauca, satya, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, pAkizcanya, brahmacarya ye dazadharma kahalAte haiM / ye dazadharma AhiMsAdika pA~ca vratoM ke liye sAdhaka haiN| inake pAlana se ahiMsAdika ke pAlana meM subhItA hotA hai / ahiMsAdi vratoM ke varNana karane se ina dazadharmo kA varNana ho jAtA hai, parantu spaSTatA ke liye inakA alaga varNana kiyA jAtA hai / yahA~ unake vistRta varNana kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, sirpha dizAnirdezamAtra kiyA jAtA hai / ... kSamA-krodha kA tyAga karanA kSamA hai / isakA sAdhAraNa artha vidita hI hai / ahiMsA ke pAlana karane ke liye yaha bahuta upayogI dharma hai / isakA pAlana to haraeka prANI kara sakatA hai, parantu jaba vIratA-zaktizAlitA-samarthatA ke sAtha isakA sambandha hotA hai, taba isakI kImata bahuta bar3ha jAtI hai| . . pratyeka guNa ke pahicAnane meM do kaThinAiyA~ haiN| eka to yaha ki koI durguNa bAhara se usa guNa ke samAna mAlUma hone lagatA hai| dUsarA yaha ki kabhI kabhI usa. guNa kA bAhirI rUpa vaisA hI pragaTa nahIM hone pAtA hai jaisA ki sAdhAraNataH pragaTa honA cAhiye / ye donoM kaThinAiyA~ kSamA ke viSaya meM bhI hai| kabhI kabhI manuSya, bhaya se, vivazatA se, yA kAyaratA se kSamA kA DhoMga karatA hai, parantu usakA hRdaya nirvaira nahIM hone pAtA isakA nAma kSamA nahIM hai| kSamatA rahane para bhI badalA na lenA

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248) [jainadharma-mImAMsA kSamA hai / yadyapi badalA lene kI zaki na hone para bhI kSamA rakkhI jA sakatI hai, parantu zarta yaha hai ki usake dila meM se badalA lene kI bhAvanA bilakula nikala jAya; phira bhI duniyA ko usakA malya tabhI mAlUma hotA hai jaba ki usake pIche kSamatA hotI hai| kabhI kabhI manuSya svArthavaza pakSapAtavaza kSamA kA DhoMga karake anyAya aura atyAcAra meM vyaka yA anyakta rUpa meM sahAyaka hotA hai| yahA~ bhI kSamA na samajhanA cAhiye / agara atyAcAra ko rokane ke liye daMDa dene kI hI AvazyakatA ho to kSamA ko dhAraNa karate hue bhI daMDaM diyA jA sakatA hai| udAharaNArtha ma0 rAmacandra ne rAvaNa ko daMDa diyA, parantu isIliye yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki 20 rAmacandra kSamAzIla na the| agara rAvaNa aparAdha svIkAra karake sItA vApisa de detA to ma0 rAmacandra jyoM kA tyoM usakA rAjya chor3a dene ko taiyAra the| isaliye ma. rAmacandra aura ma0 mahAvIra ma0 buddha Adi ko kSamAzIlatA meM koI antara thA, yaha bAta nahIM kahI jA sktii| jo antara dikhAI detA hai vaha hRdaya kI vRtti kA nahIM, kintu paristhiti kA hai / isa prakAra jIvana meM aise aneka avasara Ate haiM jabaki hRdaya meM kSamA hone para bhI loka kalyANa ke liye yA daMDanIya vyakti ke kalyANa ke liye daMDa kI AvazyakatA hotI hai / duHkha itanA hI hai ki sAdhAraNa logoM ko yaha samajhanA kaThina ho jAtA hai ki vAstava meM yahA~ kSamA hai, yA kSamAmAsa hai| bAhya-ahiMsA kisa prakAra hiMsA hotI hai, aura bAbA-hiMsA bhI vAstava meM kisa prakAra ahiMsA hotI hai isa vivecana meM jisa

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darzadharma ] [ 249 taraha vicAra kiyA gayA hai, vaisA hI vicAra yahA~ kSamA ke viSaya meM bhI kara lenA cAhiye | kSamA bhI ahiMsA dharma kA eka bhAga hai, kintu komala aura sundara bhAga hai / yadyapi daMDa ko bhI ahiMsA ke bhItara sthAna hai, phira bhI bahuta se avasara aise Ate haiM jaba vaira kI paramparA ko dUra karane ke liye yA sthAyI zAMti ke liye kSamA hI eka amogha upAya raha jAtA hai / yadi manuSya sarvatra badale kI nIti se kAma lena lage to saMsAra meM duHkhoM kI vRddhi kaI guNI ho jAye aura use kabhI zAnti na mile / siMha agara maccharoM kA zikAra karane lage to isase usakA peTa to na bharegA, kintu usakI itanI zakti barbAda hogI ki vaha adhamarA ho jAyagA | saphatA aura zAnti ke liye aneka upadravoM ko sahana karake hI hama apanI zAnti kI rakSA kara sakate haiM, tathA dUsaroM ko bhI sumArga para lagA sakate haiN| aneka duSTa aura krUra prANI jo ki kisI bhI prakAra ke daMDa se nahIM sudhara sake, yA daMDita nahIM kiye jA sake-ve kSamA se sudhara gaye / koI koI cIz2a pAnI se galatI hai, aura koI koI cIz2a agni se galatI hai apane sthAna para donoM kI upayogitA hai / isI prakAra kahIM daMDanIti kAma karatI hai, kahIM kSamA / eka ke sthAna para dUsare se kAma lene se anartha ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra daMDa ke sthAna para kSamA kAma nahIM kara sakatI, usI prakAra kSamA ke sthAna para daMDa kAma nahIM kara sakatA / daMDa kI upayogitA kabhI kabhI haiM, usase daMDanIya ke sudhAra kI AzA kama hai, jaba ki kSamA kI upayogitA sadA hai aura usase kSamya ke sudhAra kI AzA adhika hai / jahA~

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250] (jainadharma-mImAMsA taka ho sake kSamA se kAma lenA cAhiye, kintu anyAya ko rokane ke liye jaba koI dUsarA ucita upAya na rahe taba daMDa se kAma lenA cAhiye / kSamA apane sthAna para kSamA hai aura dUsarI jagaha kSamAbhAsa hai| mAdava-mAna ahaMkAra mada kA tyAga karanA arthAt vinaya rakhanA mArdava hai| kSamA ke samAna mArdava ke pahicAnane meM bhI kaThinAI hai / cApalUsI aura dInatA kA mArdava se kucha sambandha nahIM hai, parantu kabhI kabhI ye mArdava ke Asana para A baiThate haiM, isaliye inase sAvadhAna rahanA cAhiye / Atmagaurava yA guNa-gaurava kabhI kabhI mArdava se viruddha mAlama hote hai, parantu bAta bilakula ulaTI hai / vAstava meM ye dInatA aura cApalUsI ke virodhI hai| kabhI kabhI mada bhI Atmagaurava kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai, jabaki Atmagaurava se usakA koI sambandha nahIM rahatA / jaise--merA deza, merI jAti, merA dharma-Adi bhAvoM meM Atmagaurava samajha liyA jAtA hai| kabhI kabhI inameM Atmagaurava hotA bhI hai, parantu adhikAMza sthAnoM meM deza, jAti, dharma ke sthAnoM para manuSya meya' kI pUjA hI karatA hai, una bar3e bar3e nAmoM kI to sirpha oTa lI jAtI hai| apanA bhAva mArdava hai ki mArdavAbhAsa, isa bAta kI pahicAna zuddhAntarAtmA hI kara sakatA hai, phira bhI ekAdha bAta aisI kahI jA sakatI hai, jisase mArdava aura mArdavAbhAsa kI pahicAna karane meM sahAyatA mila ske| apane deza, jAti, dharma Adi kI prazaMsA karate samaya isa bAta kA vicAra karanA cAhiye ki yaha prazaMsA apanA mahatva batalAne

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dazadharma ] [251 ke liye hai ki kisI satya kI rakSA karane yA anyAya kA virodha kara lene ke liye hai ? apanA mahatva batalAne ke liye uparyukta prazaMsA anucita hai| jaise-- koI manuSya isaliye hamAre deza kI nindA karatA hai - jisase vaha hamAre deza ko gulAmI kI jaMjIroM meM jakar3a sake yA usake adhikAra chIna sake, to usake virodha meM apane deza kI prazaMsA kI jAya to yaha Atma-prazaMsA na hogI, kyoMki isakA lakSya dUsaroM ko apamAnita karanA nahIM, kintu nyAya kI rakSA karanA hai / parantu koI manuSya apanA mahatva sthApita karane ke liye apane deza kI prazaMsA karatA hai, aura dUsaroM ko anArya mleccha asabhya kahatA hai, duniyA meM apanI jagadgurutA kI ghoSaNA karatA phiratA hai, to yaha Atmagaurava nahIM, ahaMkAra hai / jo bAta deza ko lekara kahI gaI hai, vahI bAta prAnta, nagara, jAti, kula, dharma, sampradAya Adi ko lekara bhI samajhanA cAhiye / itanA hI nahIM, kintu vyaktigata prazaMsA meM bhI isI DhaMga se vicAra karanA cAhiye / yadi apane vyaktitva kI nindA' isaliye kI jAtI ho jisase eka nirdoSa samUha kA avarNavAda (jhUThI nindA) ho, usakA ucita prabhAva ghaTa jAya, usakI nisvArtha sevA niSphala jAya to dUsaroM ko nIcA dikhAne ke liye nahIM, kintu ina saba bhAiyoM kI tathA sacAI kI rakSA ke liye AtmanprazaMsA karanA bhI ucita hai / sAra itanA hI hai ki jisa Atma-prazaMsA se tathA AtmIyaprazaMsA se nyAya kI - satya kI rakSA hotI ho vaha ucita hai, aura jo dUsaroM para AkramaNa karatI ho vaha anucita hai / isa kasauTI se 1

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252] (jainadharma-mImAMsA mArdava aura mArdavAbhAsa kI parIkSA ho sakatI hai| mArdava salla-dharma kA eka aMga hai| Arjava-RjutA-sAlatA-mAyAcAra hInatA kA nAma Arjava hai / idhara kI bAta udhara kahanA-jise ki vyavahAra meM cugalakhorI kahate hai-Arjava nahIM hai / isI prakAra jihvA para aMkuza na rakha sakane ke kAraNa manamAnA bakavAda karanA aura asabhyatAkA paricaya denA, phira kahanA ki-hamArA dila to sApha hai; jaisA mana meM AtA hai vaisA sApha kaha dete hai--yaha bhI Arjava nahIM hai / mana meM Aye hue durbhAvoM ko dabA rakhanA guNa hai na ki doSa / unakA nAza karanA sarvottama hai parantu agara unakA nAza na ho sake to unheM mana meM hI rokakara dhIre-dhIre nAza karane kA prayA bhI acchA hai| Arjava-dharma kA nAza vahIM hotA hai-jahA~ para prati hiMsA karane ke liye bhAva chipAye jAte haiM / kisI ko mArane ke liye talavAra chipAkara rakhanA aura calatI huI talavAra ko roka lenA, ina donoM meM jaisA antara hai-vaisA hI antara mAyAcAra se hadaya ke bhAva chipAne tayA mAnasika AvegoM ko roka lene meM hai| Arjava-dharma kA yaha matalaba nahIM hai ki apanI yA dUsare kI pratyeka bAta duniyA ke sAmane kholakara rakha denA cAhiye / matalaba yahI hai ki kisI ke sAtha anyAya karane ke liye aisA AcaraNa na karanA cAhiye-jisase vaha dhokhA khAkara anyAya kA zikAra bana sake / Arjava-dharma ke nAma para ziSTAcAra yA sabhyatA ko tilAbali dene kI z2arUrata nahIM hai, parantu yaha yAda rakhane kI sakhta z2arUrata hai ki apane kisI vyavahAra se dUsarA AdamI dhokhA na khA jAya, ThagA na jAya /

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dazadharma [253 satya-dharma ke varNana kI bhI bahuta-sI bAteM isa dharma ke spaSTIkaraNa meM sahAyatA pahuMcA sakatI haiN| bhArgava, satya-dharma kA mukhya aMga hai| . zauca-Doma kA tyAga kara denA zauca hai / aparigraha-dharma kA yaha prANa hai| kabhI kabhI loga mitavyayitA ko lobha samajha jAte haiM, aura kabhI kabhI kaMjUsI ko mitavyayitA samajhakara Atma-santoSa kara lete haiM / isI prakAra kabhI kabhI apamyaya ko zauca-dharma samajha jAte haiM, aura kabhI kabhI udAratA ko apavyaya samajha lete haiM / zauca kyA hai aura zaucAbhAsa kyA hai, isakA nirNaya karanA kaThina hai / antastala kI zuddha vRttiyoM se hI isakI ThIka-ThIka jA~ca kI jA sakatI hai| phira bhI ekAdha bAta aisI kahI jA sakatI haijisase zaica aura zaucAbhAsa ke viveka meM sahAyatA mile| .. apanyaya aura mitavyaya kI sImA nirdeza karane ke liye sAdhAraNataH yaha samajha lenA cAhiye ki AmadanI kI sImA ke bAhara kharca karanA bhayatrA RNa lekara kharca karanA-apavyaya hai, aura AmadanI ke bhItara kharca karanA-mitavyaya hai ! hA~, agara kharca karane kA DhaMga aisA hai jisase kisI durguNa kI buddhi hotI hai to AmadanI ke bhItara kharca karanA bhI apavyaya hai / apavyaya kA nAma zauca nahIM hai aura mitavyaya kA zauca se koI virodha nahIM hai / kintu yahA~ yaha bAta bhI qhayAla meM rakhanA cAhiye ki zauca-dharma aparigrahabata kA prANa hai, isaliye mitavyaya isa sImA para na pahu~ca jAya ki usameM aparigraha-vrata kA bhaMga hone lage / aparigraha-vrata kA pahile varNana ho cukA hai / usakI rakSA karate hue zauca-dharma kA pAlana

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251] [jainadharma-mImAMsA karanA caahiye| zauca zabda kA sIdhA zabdArtha pavitratA hai / lobha saba anayoM kI jar3a hai, pApa kA bApa hai, isaliye usakA tyAga zauca kahA gayA hai / parantu zauca ke nAma para bAhya zauca ko adhika mahatva prApta ho gayA hai / khaira, zauca koI burI cIz2a nahIM hai, cAhe vaha antaraMga ho cAhe bAgha / parantu bAhya-zauca ke nAma para chUtAchta ke yA zuddhAzuddhi ke aneka rivAz2a yA niyama bana gaye haiM, unameM adhikAMza nirupayogI hI nahIM, kintu hAniprada haiN| zarIra ko zuddha rakhanA ucita hai, aura jisase svAsthya ko hAni ho aisI bAta kA bacAva karanA bhI ucita hai, parantu maiM isake hAtha kA na khAU~gA, usake hAtha kA na khAU~gA, Adi bAteM pApa hai| zauca dharma ke nAma para jAti-pAti kA vicAra honA hI na caahiye| isakA vistRta varNana nirvicikitsA aMga ke varNana meM A cukA hai, isaliye yahA~ punarukti nahIM kI jaatii| satya-satya kA varNana bhI vistAra se huA hai, isaliye isa viSaya meM bhI yahA~ kucha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| saMyama-isa viSaya para to yaha sArA prakaraNa hI likhA jA rahA hai, isaliye isa dharma para bhI alaga se likhane kI jarUrata nahIM hai| tapa-jaina-dharma meM tapa ko bahuta mahatva prApta ho gayA hai, parantu jitamA mahatva prApta huA hai-utanI hI galataphahamI bhI huI hai| Ajakala tapa kA artha upavAsa, khAne-pIne ke niyama yA rAma kAyakeza raha gayA hai / mahAtmA mahAvIra una kaSTasahiSNu the,

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dazadharma ] [255 isaliye unake jIvana meM antaraGga tapasyAoM ke samAna bahiraGga tapasyAoM kA bhI ugra rUpa dikhalAI detA hai / bAhya-tapa, bAba hone se usakI tarapha legoM kA dhyAna bahuta jaldI AkarSita hotA hai, tathA unake pAlana meM vizeSa yogyatA kI AvazyakatA bhI nahIM hotI / yaza yA prazaMsA bhI zIghra mila jAtI hai, isaliye adhika upayogI na hone para bhI vaha bahuta jaldI phaila jAtA hai / jaina sAhila meM tathA jaina samAja meM isa bAhya tapane bahuta adhika sthAna ghera liyA hai| usakI upayogitA tathA maryAdA kA bhI qhayAla loga ko nahIM rahA hai| bAba tapa kI vizeSa upayogitA isI meM thI ki loga svAsthya ko samhAle rakhe, tathA avasara par3ane para kaSTa kA sAmanA kara sake, isaliye kaSTasahiSNutA kA abhyAsa karate rahe parantu aba ina donoM bAtoM kA vicAra nahIM kiyA jAtA na inakI siddhi hotI hai| pratyeka vyakti ko yaha bAta dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye ki mahAtmA mahAvIra ne bAhya tapa jitanA kiyA thA usase adhika antaraGga tapa kiyA thaa| antaraGga tapa ke binA bAhya tapa kA kucha mUlya nahIM hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki yuga ke anusAra bhI tapa kI AvazyakatA hotI hai / mahAtmA mahAvIra kA yuga aisA thA ki usa samaya bApa tapa ke binA logoM kA satya kI tarapha AkarSaNa karanA kaThina thaa| isaliye bhI bahuta se tapa karanA par3ate the| bajJAniyoM aura bAlakoM ko samajhAne ke liye agara anivArya ho to thor3I bahuta mAtrA meM isa prakAra kI nirdoSa kiyA karanA par3e to koI hAni nahIM hai / tIsarI bAta yaha ki bAba tapa kI kImata tabhI pUrI hotI hai jaba vaha bhAnuSAdika tapa bana jAya / upavAsa kA

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256] [jainadharma-mImAMsA 4.8 lakSya karake upavAsa karanA eka bAta hai aura sevA svAdhyAya Adi tapa karate karate upavAsa karanA par3e, yaha dUsarI bAta hai| isakA mUlya adhika hai, kyoMki sevA svAdhyAya Adi meM lIna hone se no upavAsa hotA hai, usameM AtmA kA vikAsa adhika mAlUma hotA hai / khaira, sAra yaha hai ki bahiraGga tapa kA mahattva antaraGga tapa se bahuta thor3A hai tathA Aja kala logoM ko satya kI tarapha AkarpaNa karane ke liye - ekAdha apavAda prasaGga ko chor3akara - adhika Avazyaka nahIM hai / aba to isa viSaya ko niHsAratA samajhAyI jAya, yahI ucita hai | saccA tapa to antaraGga tapa hai / bahiraMga tapa jo kiyA jAya unakI vyAvahArika upayogitA para dhyAna rakhanA cAhiye, tathA unase svAsthya hAni na honA cAhiye | 1 tapa bAraha batAye gaye haiM / unameM se pahile chaH bahiraGga tapa hai aura pichale chaH antaraGga tapa haiM / . anazana - upavAsa karane kA nAma anazana hai / 'Ajakala kaI loga upavAsa meM pAnI kA bhI tyAga karate haiM; parantu isase svAsthya bigar3a jAtA hai tathA usase garmI bar3ha jAtI hai / svAsthya aura vyAvahArika upayogitA kI dRSTi se yaha anucita hai / isaliye upavAsa meM pAnI pIne kI chUTa rakhanA cAhiye / Unodara - bhUkha se kama khAnA Unodara hai / yaha bahuta acchA tapa hai / parantu maryAdA kA ullaMghana karanA anucita aura aneka taraha ke krama banAnA anAvazyaka hai, jaise- tithi yA candramA kI kalA ke anusAra prAsa lenA aadi| agara kabhI isakI AbazyakatA bhI mAluma ho to pradarzana se bacanA cAhiye /

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dazadharma ] [257 vRttiparisaMkhyAna-bhikSA lene ke vizeSa niyama ko vRttiparisaMkhyAna* kahate haiM / ye niyama aneka taraha ke hote haiM, jaise koI muni yaha niyama letA hai ki maiM do ghara se hI bhikSA lAU~gA Adi / aneka gharoM se bhikSA lete samaya bhojana kI tRSNA rokane ke liye yaha tapa hai / athavA koI aTapaTI pratijJA lene ko bhI vRttiparisaMkhyAna kahate haiM / jaise- bhojana denevAlA aura koI kSatriya hogA, yA zUdra hogA, yA strI hogI, ghara ke pAsa amuka vRkSa hogA to bhAjana lUMgA, Adi / ye saba pratijJAe~ isaliye kI jAtI thI ki jisase anazana avamaudarya (Unodara) Adi tamoM ke liye mana uttejita ho, AzA meM nirAzA ko sahane kA abhyAsa bar3he / kabhI kabhI dUsaroM ko kaSTa se bacAne ke liye bhI isakA upayoga ho jAtA hai / isa prakAra ke tapa se mahAtmA mahAvIra ke dvArA mahAsatI candanabAlA kA uddhAra huA thaa| isI prakAra dUsaroM kA bhI uddhAra kiyA jA sakatA hai / Ajakala to bhikSA-vRtti ke anivArya niyama ko hI uThA denA hai, isaliye isa tapa kI koI jarUrata nahIM hai / agara bhikSA lene kA avasara mile bhI to aisI hI pratijJA lenA cAhiye jisase kisI kA uddhAra ho / sirpha tapasvI kahalAne ke liye nirupayogI pratijJAe~ lekara dUsaroM ko parezAna karanA tathA * vRttiparisaMkhyAnam anekavidham / tadyathA-usthikSaptAntaprAnta varyAdInAM satu kurumASaudanAdInAm cAnyatamamabhigRhyAvazeSasya pratyAkhyAnam / tatvA rthabhAvya 9-19-3 . ekAgArasaptavezmaikaraNyArthaprAmAdiviSayaH saMkalpo vRttisaMkhyAnaM / -tatvArtharAjavArtika 9-19-4 /

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258] [jainadharma-mImAMsA apavyaya karAno anucita hai / kyoMki jaba isa DhaMga kI pratijJAe~ lI jAne lagatI haiM, taba dAtA-loga bIseM taraha kI vanaspatiyA~ aura anya cIjeM ekatrita karate haiM, badala badala kara unakA pradarzana karate haiM, isase eka tamAzA laga jAtA hai / yaha saba hiMsAjanaka aura anAvazyaka kaSTadAyaka hone se chor3a denA cAhiye / digambara sampradAya ke koI koI lekhaka isa tapa kA uddeza sirpha yahI batAte haiM ki zarIra kI ceSTA ke niyamana karane ke liye yaha vrata hai / isakA kAraNa zAyada yahI hai ki digambara sampradAya meM aneka gharoM se bhikSA lene kA niyama nahIM hai / parantu yaha artha bahuta saMkucita hai / itanI choTI-sI bAta ke liye alaga tapa banAne kI AvazyakatA bhI nahIM hai / isake atirikta mUlAcAra meM dAtA tathA bhAjana (vartana) Adi ke niyamavizeSoM ko vRttiparisaMkhyAna kahA / hai / isa prakAra rAjavArtikakAra kA artha mUlAcAra ke viruddha jAtA hai / mAlUma hotA hai ki rAjavArtikakAra kI naz2ara meM mUlAcAra nahIM AyA thaa| khaira, Ajakala isa tapa kA adhikAMza bhAga nirupayogI hai| rasaparityAga-jisa rasa kI tarapha AkarSaNa adhika ho athavA utkaTa rasa kA caTapaTA bhojana hI acchA mAlama hotA ho na vA, kAyacaSTAviSayagaNanArthatvAda vRtiparisaMkhyAnasya / ~ta. rA. vArtika 1-19-11 // ! goyara pamANa dAyaga moyaNa nANAmidhANa jaM gahaNaM / taha esaNassa gahaNaM vividhassa ya vRttiprisNkhaa| -mUlacAra 655

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dazadhameM ] [259 , to usakA tyAga karanA rasaparityAga hai / rasanA indriya ko vaza meM rakhane ke liye yaha tapa bahuta acchA hai| hA~, yaha bAta kaSAya se na honA cAhiye / parantu yaha zarta to haraeka tapa ke liye Avazyaka viviktazayyAsana-ekAnta-sevana karanA viviktazayyAsana sapa hai / brahmacarya pAlane tathA mauja-zauka kI Asakti kama karane ke liye yaha tapa kiyA jAtA hai / manuSya eka sAmAjika prANI hai, isaliye sAdhAraNataH vaha ekAnta pasanda nahIM karatA / parantu dUsare logoM ke anAvazyaka sahavAsa meM rahakara, vaha jAnabUjhakara nahIM to anajAna meM, bahuta kaSTa pahu~cAyA karatA hai / isake atirikta usakA sukha parAdhIna ho jAtA hai-isase usako kaSTa hotA hai, aura dUsaroM ko bhI kaSTa hotA hai / jaise-eka AdamI aisA hai jise kisI na kisI se gappeM mArane kI AvazyakatA hai / aba aisA AdamI avazya hI jAna meM anajAna meM yA upekSAvaza dUsaroM ke kArya meM vighna karegA, athavA vaha dukhI hokara rahegA / isaliye apanI aura dUsaroM kI bhalAI ke liye yaha Avazyaka hai ki manuSya meM ekAnta meM rahakara sukhI rahane kI tathA pavitra mana rakhane kI Adata ho| isake liye yaha tapa Avazyaka hai| parantu yaha yAda rakhanA cAhiye ki tapa kisI doSa kI nirjarA karane arthAt use dUra karane ke liye hai / eka doSa ko dUra karake dUsare doSoM ko sthAna dene se vaha tapa naSTa ho jAtA hai| manuSya eka sAmAjika prANI hai, isIliye usake duSprabhAva se bacana ke liye viviktazamyAsana-tapa hai / parantu, mAnalo manuSya eka aisA

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260 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsA prANI hai o ghara ke bhItara yA guphAoM meM akele par3A rahanA hI pasanda karatA hai, isa prakAra usameM jar3atA A gaI hai, paraspara sahayoga ke abhAva se aneka prakAra ke prAkRtika kaSTa dUra nahIM kiye jA sakate haiM, tathA vinoda Adi kA nirdoSa sukha bhI upalabdha nahIM hai, aisI hAlata meM viviktazayyAsana tapa na kahalAyagA, kintu sAmAjikatA yA sahavAsa - tapa kahalAyegA | matalaba yaha ki tapa sukha prApti duHkha-nAza tathA svatantratA ke liye hai / isaliye koI tapa inakA virodhI na honA cAhiye / viviktayzayAsana kabhI kabhI inakA virodhI ho jAtA hai, isaliye isa viSaya meM satarkatA kI z2arUrata hai / jaise - ekAnta meM rahane kA abhyAsa ho jAne se hameM prasanna rahane ke liye dUsare kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI, isa prakAra hama svatantra bhI hote haiM aura dUsaroM ko kaSTa dene se bhI bacate haiM / parantu kalpanA karo ki hama kisI aisI jagaha pahu~ca jA~ya - jahA~ ekAnta durlabha ho, ekAnta kI yojanA karane meM loMgo ko bahuta parezAna honA par3atA ho / agara aisI jagaha na raha sakeM aura logoM kI sevA na kara sakeM to yaha hamAre jIvana kI bar3I bhArI truTi hogI / aisI paristhiti meM viviktazayyAsana nahIM aviviktazayyAsana hI tapa kahalAyA / hama logoM ko sahana kara sakeM, kolAhala meM bhI zAnti se sevA svAdhyAya Adi tapa kara sakeM, yaha bar3I bhArI tapasyA hai / isa tapa kA matalaba sirpha yahI hai ki hama viviktatA yA aviviktatA meM samabhAvI ho, isake liye dUsare ko kaSTa na deM, svayaM dukhI na hoM / 1 hA~, agara gambhIra cintana ke kArya ke liye thor3e bahuta

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dazadharma ) [261 ekAnta kI AvazyakatA ho to koI hAni nahIM hai | kisI qhAsa * kArya ke liye sAdhana ke rUpa meM viviktatA yA aviviktatA kI icchA karanA burA nahIM hai, parantu sAdhAraNa hAlata meM use isa viSaya meM samabhAvI honA cAhiye / kAyakleza-zArIrika kaSToM ko sahana karanA bhI eka tapa hai / kabhI koI zArIrika kaSTa A par3e to usa samaya hama use sahana kara sakeM, samabhAva rakha sakeM, isake liye yaha tapa hai-eka samaya yaha sAmpradAyika prabhAvanA ke liye bhI thA, parantu Aja yaha prabhAvanA ke liye nahIM hai, balki aprabhAvanA ke liye hai| korI prabhAvanA ke liye tapa karanA kutapa hai| jainadharma ne aise tapoM kA virodha kiyA hai| paMcAgni tapanA, zIta Rtu meM pAnI meM khar3e honA-Adi kutapa mAne gaye haiN| parantu usa jamAne meM bAhya-tapa kA itanA prabhAva thA ki jainAcAryoM ko bhI bAhya-tapa kA virodha karanA kaThina thA, isaliye unane isakA virodha dUsare DhaGga se kiyA / jaise-agni jalAne meM hiMsA hotI hai. isaliye paMcAgni tapa nahIM tapanA cAhiye Adi / parantu asalI bAta to yaha hai ki aise bAhya-tapa karane kI z2arUrata nahIM hai, jo sirpha sarkasa ke khela kI taraha logoM ko Azcaryacakita karane ke liye haiM / samaya ke asara ke kAraNa tathA lokAkarSaNa ke kAraNa kucha jainAcAryoM ne ise prabhAvanA ke liye bhI likha diyA hai, parantu yaha dizA ThIka nahIM hai / vAstava meM usakI upayogitA sirpha kaSTasahi deha duHkha titikSAsukhAnAmipnaMga pravacanaprabhAvanAyartha / -ta. raa.b.07-19-14||

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262 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA 1 SNutA kA abhyAsa karane ke liye haiM / phira asalI kaSTasahiSNutA to mana ke Upara avalambita hai / prabala manobala hone para aise loga bhI kaSTa sahana kara lete haiM-jinane kabhI kaSToM ko nahIM sahA / jainazAstroM meM aisI aneka kathAe~ AtIM haiM / sukumAla kumAra itanA komala thA ki usakI baiThaka ke nIce eka tila kA dAnA A gayA thA isase vaha bhojana na kara sakA thA, parantu aisA AdamI jaba tapasyA karane lagA aura gIdar3I use sAta dina taka cATatI rahI taba bhI vaha dRr3ha rahA / isase mAlUma hotA hai ki asalI abhyAsa to mAnasika hai| phira bhI thor3A-bahuta isa prakAra kA abhyAsa kiyA jAya to hAni nahIM hai / parantu isake liye antaraGga tapoM ko mulA baiThanA, yA prabhAvanA samajhanA, yA isase yaza qharIdane laganA Adi anucita hai / yaha bAta anya bAhya tapoM ke viSaya meM bhI samajhanA cAhiye / 1 antaraGga-tapa hI vAstava meM tapa haiN| inhIM se Atma-zuddhi aura loka-sevA hotI hai / bAhya-tapa to isaliye tapa haiM ki ve antaraGga tapa meM kAraNa haiM / mahAtmA mahAbIra ke pahile bAhya-tapa ko hI tapa kahA jAtA thA, parantu bAhya tapa se AtmA kA koI vizeSa vikAsa na hotA thA, isaliye unane ina Abhyantara tapoM kI racanA kI, yA mukhyatA dI / jaina dharma ne tapa zabda ke artha meM yaha Avazyaka vRddhi kI thI / akalaGka deva ne ina tapoM kI AbhyantaratA ke tIna yato'nyaistIcyai rana bhyastamanAlIdaM tato'syAMtaratvam abhyantaramitiyAvata / antaHkaraNavyApArAlambanaM tato'syAbhyantaratvam / 9-20-1 : bAhyadravyAnapekSa tvAcca / 9-20-2 | tatvArtha rAjavArtika / 1

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dazadharma ] [263 kAraNa batAye haiM / (1) dUsare dharmoM ne inakA tapa rUpa meM abhyAsa nahIM kiyA / (2) antaHkaraNa kI vRtti para avalambita haiN| (3) inake karane meM bAhyadravya kI AvazyakatA nahIM / isase mAlUma ho sakatA hai ki jainadharma kA vAstavika tapa kyA hai ? antaraGga tapa chaH hai-prAyazcitta, vinaya, vaiyAvRttya, svAdhyAya, vyutsarga, dhyAna / prAyazcitta- apane doSoM ke duSprabhAva ko dUra karane ke liye svecchA se prayatna karanA prAyazcitta hai / prAyazcitta aura daMDa kA uddezya eka hI hai / donoM hI doSoM ke duSprabhAva ko dUra karane ke liye haiM, parantu prAyazcitta svecchatA se hotA hai, vaha Atmazuddhi se sambandha rakhatA hai; jaba ki daMDa meM svecchA kA khayAla nahIM kiyA jAtA, isaliye prAyazcitta tapa hai, daMDa tapa nahIM hai / prAyazcitta guru Adi ke dvArA diyA jAtA hai aura daMDa kisI zAsaka ke dvArA diyA jAtA hai, isaliye donoM kI prakriyA meM bhI bheda hai| phira bhI kabhI daMDa prAyazcitta bana jAtA hai; aura kabhI prAyazcitta; daMDa bana jAtA hai / anicchA se liyA gayA prAyazcitta Atmazodhaka nahIM hotA, isaliye vaha daMDa hai / aura jaba nIti kI rakSA ke liye zAsaka ke sAmane svecchA se Atma samarpaNa kiyA jAtA hai taba vaha daMDarUpa hokara bhI prAyazcitta hai / matalaba yaha ki svecchA aura anicchA se donoM meM bheda paidA hotA hai| prAyazcitta, daMDa na bana jAya- isaliye aneka doSoM kA bacAva kiyA jAtA hai / isake liye yaha Avazyaka hai ki kisI prakAra kA bahAnA na kiyA jAya, mAyAcAra na kiyA jAya / jisa

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264] [jainadharma-mImAMsA se apanI nirmalatA siddha ho aura logoM meM nirvaira-vRtti kA pracAra ho usI DhaMga se prAyazcitta lenA cAhiye / prAyazcitta meM nimnalikhita doSoM kA bacAva karanA cAhiye (1) prAyazcitta karane ke pahile isa Azaya se guru ko prasanna karanA jisase ve prAyazcitta kama deM, (2) bImArI Adi kA bahAnA nikAlakara yaha kahanA ki agara Apa kama prAyazcitta deM to maiM doSa kahU~ / (3), jo doSa dUsaroM ne dekha liye haiM-unakA kahanA aura jo dUsaroM ne nahIM dekha pAye haiM-unako chupA jAnA / (4) bar3e bar3e doSa kahanA, choTe-choTe doSa chupA jAnA (5) bar3e bar3e doSa chupA jAnA aura choTe choTe doSa pragaTa karanA / (6) doSa na batAnA kintu yaha pUcha lenA ki agara aisA doSa ho jAya to kyA prAyazcitta hogA, isa prakAra cupacApa prAyazcitta lenA / (7) sAMvatsarika pAkSika Adi atikramaNa ke samaya yaha samajhakara doSa pragaTa karanA ki isI sAmUhika pratikramaNa ke sAtha hI prAyazcita kA Alocana pratikramaNa ho jAyagA aura alaga se kucha na karanA pdd'egaa| (8) prAyazcita meM anucita sandeha karanA / (9) apane kisI ghaniSTa mitra yA sAthI ko apanA doSa batAkara prAyazcita lenA, bhale hI vaha ucita se adhika ho / (10) apane samAna kisI dUsare ne aparAdha kiyA ho to usI ke samAna cupacApa prAyazcita . le lenaa| ina dasa doSoM meM jisa bAta ko haTAne kI sabase adhika ceSTA kI gaI hai, vaha hai-prAyazcita kI guptatA / prAyazcita kI guptatA se, usakA honA karIba karIba na hone ke barAbara ho jAtA hai|

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dazadharma 1 [ 265 " vaha na to Atma-zodhana karatA hai. (athavA bahuta thor3A karatA hai) aura na nirvairatA paidA karatA hai / jaba hamase kisI kA aparAdha ho jAtA hai, aura usase jo baira bar3hatA hai- jo ki bar3e bar3e anathoM ko paidA karatA hai, usakA kAraNa sirpha yaha nahIM hai ki usa aparAdha se usakI aisI hAni ho gaI hai jisakI vaha pUrti nahIM kara sakatA; kintu usakA kAraNa yahI hotA hai ki vaha hamako apanA hitaiSI aura vizvAsI nahIM samajhatA / prAyazcitta se vaha vizvastatA phira paidA kI jAtI hai / parantu agara hama cupacApa prAyazcitta kara leM to isa se do bar3I hAniyA~ hogI pahilI to yaha ki jisakA hamane aparAdha kiyA hai- usako hamArI Atma-zuddhi kA patA na lagegA, isaliye usakA baira bar3hatA hI jAyagA / dUsarI yaha ki isase hamAre ahaGkAra kI puSTi hotI hai / aparAdhI hone para bhI jaba hama apanA aparAdha pragaTa rUpa meM svIkAra nahIM karate tatra isakA kAraNa yahI samajhanA cAhiye ki isase hama apanI tauhIna samajhate haiN| yahI 'ahaGkAra to Atma-zuddhi ke mArga meM sabase bar3A ar3aMgA hai / jahA~ ahaGkAra hai, vahA~ prema kahA~ ! jahAM prema nahIM, vahA~ zAnti kahA~ ? ahA~ zAnti nahIM, vahA~ sukha kahA~ ? hamArI yaha choTI-sI hI bhUla anartha paidA karatI 1 hama mitroM kI hAni aura zatruoM kI sRSTi karate haiM / hama muni ho yA zrAvaka hamArA kartavya hai ki hamase jaba kisI kA aparAdha ho jAya to vaha hameM mApha kare yA na kare; parantu hameM usake sAmane aparAdha svIkAra kara lenA cAhiye / aparAdha kitanA bhI purAnA par3a gayA ho, parantu varSoM pIche bhI usakI AlocanA saphala hai / isa

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266 [jainadharma mImAMsA viSaya meM apavAda sirpha itanA hI banAyA jA sakatA hai ki kisI samAja-hita ke liye usa aparAdha kA chupAnA, Avazyaka ho to chupAyA jaay| usameM ahaMkArakA to leza bhI na AnA cAhiye / mAyAcAra, kAyaratA Adi bhI Atmazuddhi meM bAdhaka haiM, isaliye unako dUra karane ke liye bhI una doSoM ko dUra karanA cAhiye / ... purAne samaya kI munisaMsthA ko lakSya meM lekara prAyazcitta ke nau bheda kiye gaye haiM-Alocana, pratikramaNa, tadubhaya, viveka, vyutsarga, tapa, cheda, parihAra, upasthAna / apane doSa ko svIkAra karanA AlocanA hai isakI AvazyakatA jaisI saba thI-vaisI bhI hai| lage hue doSoM para pazcAttApa pragaTa karanA, vaha mithyA ho jAya, ityAdi kahanA yaha pratikramaNa hai / Alocana aura pratikramaNa ye eka hI taraha ke prAyazcitta haiN| pratikramaNa zabda kA artha hai pApase lauTanA / isa dRSTise Alocana bhI pratikramaNa hai| parantu yahA~ para pratikramaNa aura Alocana ko alaga alaga : kahA hai, isase pratikramaNa ko Alocana se vizeSa samajhanA cAhiye, aura sa.mA. jika myavahAra meM pratikramaNa meM kSamAyAcanA zAmila karanA caahiye| kahIM sirpha AlocanA se prAyazcitta hotA hai, kahIM para aparAdhoM kI pRthaka-pRthaka AlocanA na karake sirpha kSamAyAcanA se kAma cala jAtA hai, aura kahIM para donoM kI AvazyakatA hotI haiN| pratyeka bAta kI junI-judI AlocanA karake judI-judI kSamAyAcanA karanA par3atI hai| jisa viSaya meM adhika Asakti do usa viSaya ko chur3AdenA viveka hai| amuka samaya ke liye dhyAna Asana-lagAnA kAyotsarga

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dazadharma . ] [.267. hai / tapakA varNana pahile ho cukA hai / prAyazcitta ke prakaraNa meM tapa kA artha upavAsa Adi bAhya tapa hai / cheda prAyazcita pahile samaya ke rivAja para avalambita hai / pahile samaya meM yaha niyama thA ki jo manuSya pahile dIkSita hotA thA, vaha bar3e bhAI ke samAna mAnA jAtA thA aura jo pIche dIkSita hotA thA vaha choTe bhAI ke sanAna mAnA jAtA thA / isa ke bAda sampatA kA niyama lagatA thA ki choTA bhAI bar3e bhAI kI vinaya kare / eka munikI umara pacAsa varSakI hai parantu vaha pA~ca varSa se dIkSita hai, aura dUsare kI umara cAlIsa varSakI hai parantu vaha dasa varSa kA dIkSita hai, aisI hAlata meM pacAsa varSakI umaravAlA cAlIsa varSakI unara vAle kA choTA bhAI kahalAyegA | lokanyanahAra meM jo sthAna umara ko prApta hai, munisaMsthA meM vaha sthAna dIkSAkAla ko prApta thA / jisa prakAra vyavahAra guNa, pada Adike kAraNa upara ke niyama meM apavAda hotA hai, isI prakAra ke apavAda dIkSAkAla meM bhI huA karate the / dIkSAkAla ke isaniyana kA upayoga prAyazcitta ke liye bhI kiyA gayA thaa| agara dasa varSa ke dIkSitako nava varSa ko dIkSita namaskAra karatA hai aura kala dasa 'varSa dIkSita se aisA aparAdha ho gayA ki usakI dIkSA kA dI varSa cheda kara diyA gayA to vaha ATha varSake dIkSita ke samAna ho jAyagA aura atra natra varSa bAle ko bar3A bhAI mAnegA / yaha cheda hai / * So kabhI kabhI doSI prAyazcitta meM kucha samaya ke liye saMgha se bAhara kara diyA jAtA thA / yaha parihAra thA | aura jaba bahuta 1 W

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268] [jainadharma-mImAMsA bhayaMkara aparAdha hotA thA taba use phira naye sire se dIkSA dI jAtI thI ! yaha upasthApanA prAyazcitta thaa| . purAnI munisaMsthA ke liye ye saba niyama bahuta upayogI ye, aura Ana bhI inakI upayogitA hai / hA~, thor3A bahuta parivartana karane kI AvazyakatA hogI to isameM koI hAni nahIM hai / mala bAta yahI hai ki nidoSatA bar3hAyA jAya, vaira bhAva haTAyA jAya, ahaMkAra dUra kiyA jAya, isa prakAra Atma-zuddhi ho / prAyavica eka mahAna tapa hai / vyavahAra ko suvyavasthita aura sukhamaya banAne ke liye bhI isa taraha tapakI bar3I upayogitA hai / sakar3oM upavAsoM kA karanA sarala hai parantu sacA prAyazcitta karanA kaThina hai / isakA mahatva bhI saikar3oM upavAsoM se saikar3oM guNA hai| . vinaya-vinaya arthAta namratA bhI eka sacA tapa hai| AkAra ke sira para yaha sIdhA daMDa-prahAra hai / satya ke dvAra para le jAne vAlA eka suMdara mArga hai / isake cagara meda hai-jJAna vinaya, darzana-vinaya, cAritra-vinaya aura upacAra-vinaya / ___jJAna ke viSaya meM viveka pUrvaka pUjyabhAva rakhanA jJAna-vinaya hai| jJAna ke kSetra kI bahutasI bAte aisI hotI hai jo hamAre liye| upayogI nahIM hotI, isaliye hama unakA tiraskAra karane lagate hai parantu aisA na karanA cAhiye / agara koI bAta mithyA nahIM hai arthAta kalyaNakArI hai to hamAre liye upayogI ho yA na ho, hameM usake viSaya meM mAna rakhanA cAhiye / isI prakAra satyakI prApti ke liye duniyA meM jitane zAla bane " bana rahe hai, athavA unameM vikAsa ho rahA hai usake viSaya meM bhI Adara bhAva rakhanA caahiye|

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dadhau ] [269 . koI koI loga zAna kA prANa, abhyAsa, smaraNa Adi ko jJAna-vinaya kahate haiN| bAta to acchI hai parantu zreNI-vibhAga kI ghaSTi se usakA samarthana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / kyoMki jJAna-grahaNa abhyAsa Adi to svAdhyAya nAma ke tapa meM AjAte haiM / taba usakA isI jagaha antarbhAva karanA ucita nahIM mAlUma hotA / koI koI loga zAniyoM kI vinaya ko jJAna vinaya samajhate haiM, parantu yaha so upacAra-vinaya hai| samyagdarzana kA vistRta svarUpa pAhile kahA gayA hai usake ahnoM kA varNana bhI huA hai / una bAtoM meM Adara rakhanA darzanavinaya hai / zAna aura darzana meM jo thor3A bahusa bheda hai vaha pahile samajhAyA gayA hai| usase jJAna-vinaya aura darzana-vinaya kA bheda bhI samajhA jA sakatA hai / saca bAta to yaha hai ki jJAna-vinaya aura darzana-vinaya bhagavAna satya kI upAsanA hai| cAritra-vinaya bhagavatI ahiMsA kI upAsanA hai| cAritra ke jo niyama pahile batAye jA cuke hai unameM Adara bhAva, vinaya bhAva rakhanA, svArtha ke pIche unakA mAnasika, vAcanika yA zArIrika tiraskara na karanA cAritra vinaya hai| . mAna darzana cAritra ko dhAraNa karane vAloM kA yogyatAnusAra Adara karanA, kisI bhI taraha unakA tiraskAra na hone denA, unakI apekSA ayogyoM kA unake sAmane unase adhika Adara na karanA bAdi upacAra-vinaya hai| adhikAra ke aura zani ke Age bhaya se, ana aura kisI pralobhana ke Age lAlaca se sira jhukAne-bAle to prAyaH sabhI hai

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270 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsA aura DhoMgI veSadhArI ke Age andhazraddhA yA samAja bhaya se jhukanebali bhI bahuta hai parantu ina kuvRttiyoM para vijaya prApta karake sacce samAja sevakoM ke Age sira jhukAnA vAstavika vinaya haiM / yaha eka tapa hai / manuSya kI pUjA usakI samAja sevA tathA usake liye upayogI svArtha tyAga se hai / amuka sthAna para ziSTAcAra ke rUpameM hama adhikArI Adi ke sAtha namratA kA vyavahAra kara sakate haiM parantu use jIvana kI bAhirI cIz2a samajhanA cAhiye | AtmA kA usase koI sambandha nahIM hai / vAstava meM vaha vinaya nahIM hai| pa vAstava meM yaha upacAra vinaya, jJAna darzana cAritra-vinaya hai / parantu jJAna darzana cAritra kA mUrttimAna rUpa usako dhAraNa karanevAlA hI hai, isaliye usakA vinaya karanA cAhiye / isase apane meM ve guNa utarate haiM, isa mArga para calane ke liye dUsaroM ko uttejanA milatI hai / isase apanA aura jagata kA kalyANa hotA hU~ / vaiyAvRtya - vaiyAvRtya kA artha hai sevA / isako tapa meM ginAMkara jainadharma ne yaha batalA diyA hai ki janadharma kA tapa korA kaSTasahana nahIM hai, premahIna nahIM hai, akriyAtmaka nahIM haiN| dUsaroM kI sevA karanA bhI vAstava meM tapa hai| tapa kA vivecana vizeSataH muni saMsthA ko 'lakSya meM lekara kiyA gayA thA, isaliye vaiyAvRtya ke pAtroM meM nAnA muniyoM kA hI ullekha huA hai| vivecana kI yaha mukhyatA sAmayika hai / isakA yaha artha na samajhanA cAhiye ki vaiyAvRtya kA kSetra muni-saMsthA meM hI saMkucita hai| vahA~ saMgha kI vaiyAvRtya kA bhI ullekha haiM jisameM *

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dazadharma ] [ 271 muni, ArthikA, zrAvaka, zrAvikA cAroM kA samAveza hotA hai| akalaMka devane to manojJa vaiyAvRtya meM manoja kA artha asaMyata samyagdRSTi bhI liyA hai, arthAt jo manuSya saMyama kA pAlana nahIM karatA kintu sacce mArga kA vizvAsI hai vaha bhI vaiyAvRtya kA pAtra hai| ___ . yaha artha bhI kucha saMkucita hai parantu darzana jJAna cAritra kA sAmpradAyika artha na karane se yaha saMkucitatA bhI naSTa ho jAtI hai / jaba darzanazAna cAritra haraeka sampradAya meM ho sakatA hai taba sAmpradAyika saMkucitatA to naSTa ho hI gii| jisameM thor3A bhI svArthatyAga hai, vizvaprema hai, vaha cAritradhArI to hai hii| isa prakAra udAra vyAkhyAna se isakI saMkucitatA dUra ho jAtI haiN| phira bhI spaSTatA ke liye itanA aura samajha lenA cAhiye ki isake bhItara prANimAtra kI sevA kA saMketa hai / hA~, samAja sevA Adi guNoM ko uttejanA dene ke liye .guNa ke anusAra vaiyAvRtya karanA cAhiye / jo adhika guNI hai, samAjasevI hai, vaha vaiyAvRtya kA adhika pAtra hai / samAna AvazyakatA hone para adhika guNI kA adhika qhayAla rakhanA caahiye| . . adhikArI, zrImAnoM aura veSiyoM kI vaiyAvalma avika loga kiyA hI karate hai, parantu vAstava meM vaha tapa nahIM hai| Upara vinaya ke viSaya meM so bAveM kahIM gaI haiM ve vahA~ bhI samajhanA caahiye| . manoso'bhirUpaH / 9-24-12 / asNytsmygdussttivii| . 11-24-13 / ta* rAjavArtika

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272) [jainadharma-mImAMsA svAdhyAya-svAdhyAya ko bhI tapa meM zAmila karake jaina. dharma ne tapa kI vyApakatA tathA pratyakSa phalapradatA kA sandara pradarzana kiyA hai / svAdhyAya vAstava meM eka mahAn tapa hai| jJAna ke vinA manuSya kucha nahIM kara sakatA aura svAdhyAya jJAnaprApti kA asAdhAraNa kAraNa hai| - isake pA~ca bheda kiye gaye haiM / vAcanA, pRcchanA, anuprekSA, AmnAya, dhrmopdesh| ziSyoMko par3hAnA athavA kisI ko nirdoSa manyA sunAnA yA usakA artha samajhAnA vAcanA hai ! saca pUchA jAya to vAcanA kA samAveza.dharmopadeza meM karanA cAhiye / prAcIna grandhakAroM ne jo ise svatantra bheda mAnA hai usakA kAraNa prAcIna yuga meM lekhanapaddhati kI kaThinAI hai / pahile jamAne meM zAstra zrutismRti rUpameM rahate the| ve sune jAte the aura smaraNa meM rakhe jAte the, isaliye zruti yA smRti yA zruti-smRti kahalAte the | jaba koI guru yA gurutulya vyakti kisI ko yAda karane ke liye grantha sunAtA thA tathA usakA artha bhI samajhAtA thA, taba yaha vAcanA kahalAtI thI / dharmopadeza meM koI pATha nahIM kintu icchAnusAra apane zabdoM meM vyAkhyAna kiyA jAtA thaa| .. lekhana praNAlI kA adhika pracAra na hone se svAdhyAya ke bhedoM meM, likhI huI pustaka Adi ke par3hane ke liye koI zabda hI nahIM rakkhA gayA / vArcanA kA jo upara artha kiyA kyA hai, vaha - - -tatra vAcanam ziSyAdhyAyanam / tatvArthamASya 9-25 // niravayamanthArthomayapradAnam vAcanA | 0 rA. vartika / 9-25- /

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dadharma [273 / likhita kA par3hanA nahIM mAlUma hotA / parantu Ajakala usakA yahI artha karanA cAhiye / Ajakala purAne DhaMga kI vAcanA kA rivAz2a naSTaprAya ho gayA hai aura likhita ke par3hane kA rivAz2a saba jagaha phaila gayA hai / isaliye vAcanA kA artha - "par3hanA" karanA ucita hai| prakRtabhASA meM adhyayana ke artha meM yaha zabda pracalisa duA hai tathA Ajakala kI lokabhASA meM to par3hane ke artha meM isa zabda kA prayoga aura bhI adhika hotA hai| pRcchanA kA artha hai pUchanA / niHpakSa hokara jijJAsA ke sAtha zaMkA samAdhAna karanA bhI eka prakAra kA svAdhyAya hai| par3hI huI, sunI huI yA anubhava kI gaI bAtoM para vicAra karanA anuprekSA haiN| svAdhyAya kA yaha bahuta mahatvapUrNa-bANopama bhAga hai / dhAMgNaM karane ke liye yAda karanA AnAya hai / vyAkhyAna denA, samajhAnA Adi dharmopadeza hai| ___... vyutsarga-Abhyantara tathA gaha upadhikA tyAga karanA vyutsarga hai / prAyazcitta ke medoM meM bhI isakA varNana hubhA hai, parantu vahA~ aparAdha, kI pratikriyA ke rUpa meM hai jabaki yahAM yaha kAraNa nahIM hai| Abhyantara upadhi meM kaSAya tathA bAhya upadhi meM hara bAla vastu kA saMgraha kiyA jA sakatA hai / parantu isakI. vizeSa upayoga gitA zarIra tyAga meM hai / aura zarIra tyAga,kA matalaba mara jAna nahIM hai kintu usale vizeSa rUpa meM mamatva chor3a denA hai / aparigraha vrata kI bIkSA isase kucha vizeSa jora diyA jAtA hai| . . . . . dhyAna- mana kI ekAgratA kA nAma dhyAna hai / isa tapa para bahuta jora diyA gayA hai, isakA varNana bhI bahuta kiyA gayA hai|

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271] jinadharma-mImAMsA dhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM AtathyAna, dhyAna, dharmathyAna aura zukladhyAna . pahale ke do dhyAna bure haiM, saMsAra arthAt duHkha ke kAraNa hai| pichale donoM acche haiM, mokSa ke arthAt sukha ke kAraNa hai| vArtadhyAna meM pIr3A hotI hai : duHkha hara jo dhyAna hai kA ArtadhyAna hai / kisI priya vastu ke viyoga hone para (iSTaviyoga ) yA apriya vastu ke milane para (aniSTasaMyoga, yA bImArI vagairaha se (vedanA) athavA bhaviSya meM viSaya bhoga kI AkAMkSA se (nidAna) jo dhyAna hotA hai vaha AtathyAna hai| . zA--prArambha ke tIna ArtadhyAna isaliye azubha kahe jA sakate haiM ki unameM kAyaratA hai isaliye duHkhoM para vijaya prApta karane meM bAdhA upasthita hotI hai / sahiSNutA kA abhAva hone se thor3A duHkha bhI bahuta mAlUma hotA hai parantu nidAna kyoM burA hai ! yaha to Apa hI kahate hai ki dharma sukha ke liye hai isaliye agara koI sukha ke sAdhanoM kI AkAMkSA kare to isameM burA kyA hai ? samAdhAna-sukha ke sAdhanoM ko Aza karanA burA nahIM hai, parantu nidAna meM asalI sukhako AkAMkSA na karake, nakalI mumbakI AkAMkSA kI jAtI hai / prathama adhyAya meM mukhakA jo svarUpa batAyA gayA se mukhakI AkAMkSA karanA buga nahIM, kyoMki yaha mukha samaSTikI umati ke sAtha hotA hai| parantu nidAna meM aise mukhAbhAsa kI AkAMkSA kI jAtI hai jo isaroM ke dalakA tathA aneka anayoM kA kAraNa hai / isaliye nidAna gANyAna hai, azubha hai| jo manuSya samAja ko sukhI karane ke sAtha apane ko mukhA karanA cAhatA hai arthAta aisI AkAMkSA karatA hai usake nidAna

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dadharma] [275 bArtadhyAna na samajhanA cAhiye zaMkA-bhaviSya sukhakI AkAMkSA karane ko Apane midAna batAyA parantu vartamAna mukhakI icchA karane vAlA arthAt vartamAna meM viSayoM meM lIna rahanevAlA kyA mArtadhyAnI nahIM hai! kyA vaha zubhadhyAnI hai| 'samAdhAna-vaha zubhadhyAnI nahIM kintu raudadhyAnI hai| bhaviSya kI bhogAkAMkSA meM aprApti kA kaSTa rahatA hai isaliye ise AtadhyAna meM zAmila rakkhA hai, paraMtu vartamAna bhogoM meM to eka karatA pUrNa ullAsa rahatA hai isaliye ise viSayasaMrakSaNAnanda yA parigrahAnanda nAmakA rodrAyana kahA hai| isa prakaraNa. meM aparigraha kI paribhASA dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye / zarIra kI sthiti ke liye tathA dUsaroM ko kaSTa na dete hue agara vastuoM kA upayoga kiyA jAya to usa meM nazubha dhyAna nahIM hotaa| raudradhyAna-pApa meM AnandarUpa-ullAsarUpa-patti rodadhyAna hai| isake bAra bheda hai, hiMsAnanda, annAnanda, cauryAnanda, pari. mahAnanda / ina ke lakSaNa ina ke nAmase hI mAlUma ho jAte haiN| . zaMkA-jisa prakAra pAra pA~ca hai, usI prakAra saidadhyAna pA~ca prakAra kA honA cAhiye thaa| kuzIlAnanda kyoM cher3a diyA ! mamAdhAna-vaha parigraha yA viSaya sevana meM zAmila hai| pahile cAra vrata aura cAra pApa mAne jAte the isaliye dhyAna kI saMkhyA bhI cAra hI rahI / pIche jaba brahmacaryako alaga brata banAne kI z2arUrata par3I taba pA~ca brata ho gaye / aura pAMca batoM ko sama

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976: ] [ jaina dharma-mImAMsA jhAne ke liye pApoM kA bhI pA~ca bhedoM meM varNana karanA par3A | parantu raudradhyAna ke bheda bar3hAne kI koI z2arUrata nahIM thI isaliye ve cAra hI rahe / agara 'Aja kisI ko usa kA pA~ca, bhedoM meM varNana karanA' ho to bhale hI kare, isa meM koI Apatti nahIM hai / A dharmyadhyAna- jJAna cAritra rUpa dharma se yukta dhyAna dharmyadhyAna hai / dharmadhyAna kI koI aisI paribhASA nahIM jo use zurudhyAma se alaga karatI ho / barmyayna aura zurUdhyAna moyA aMtara hai, isakA bhI spaSTIkaraNa nahIM milatA hai / sarvArthasiddhi meM itanA avazya kahA hai ki zreNI ArohaNa ke pahile dhyAna hai aura zreNI meM zukra / phira bhI isame donoM ke svarUpa meM antara nahIM mAtRma hotA jisase yaha samajha meM A jAye ki donoM meM yaha guNasthAna bheda kyoM huA hai : isake atirikta eka ar3acana aura hai zvetAmbara sampradAya meM pracalita tattvArthasUtra meM gyArahaveM aura bArahaveM guNasthAna taka dhyAna batalAyA gayA hai| agara yaha bAta mAnI, jAya taba to dhamyacyAna aura zuladhyAna eka prakAra se samAna darje ke hai| jAte haiM / isa prakAra inameM svarUpa bheda batAnA aura bhI kaThina ho jAtA hai / / - bahuta kucha vicArane para va mAlUma hotA hai ki dharmadhyAna meM kartavya kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai isakA sambandha dharma puruSArtha se hai aura zurUdhyAna meM dharma kI siddhi kA anubhava kiyA jAtA * tatra vyAkhyAnato vipratipatiriti pyArohaNAtprAgdharmya zreNyoH zukte / 9-37 / 1. upazAntakSINakaSAyayozca / ta0 9-38

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dazadharma ] [ 275 hai isakA sambandha mokSa puruSArtha se hai, aura donoM hI bArahaveM guNana sthAna taka jA sakate haiM | terahaveM caudahaveM guNA sthAna meM to dhyAna lagAne kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM rahatI hai; vAstava meM vahA~ dhyAna mAnA bhI nahIM jAtA, karma kI nirjarA hone se dhyAna kA upacAra kiyA jAtA hai / jIvana ke antima samaya meM yaha avasthA hotI hai dharmyadhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM / AjJAvicaya, apAyatricaya, vipAka vizcaya saMsthAnavicaya | Ajakala ina cAroM dhyAnoM ka paribhASAe~ nimnalikhita rUpa meM pracalita haiM: pam jisa samaya koI bAta samajha meM na Ave, usa samaya yaha samajhakara ki jinendra kabhI jhUTha nahIM bolate usa bAta para vizvAsa rakhanA AjJAtricaya hai / athavA jinendra ke kahe zabdoM ko yuktitarka se siddha karanA AjJA tricaya hai* | kahanA na hogA ki dharmyadhyAna ke nAma para kisI vaijJAnika. dharma meM isa prakAra andhazraddhA kA samarthana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / jaM.vana meM kabhI kisI ko isa prakAra zraddhA se kAma lenA bhI par3e parantu aisI bAta ko to apavAda aura Apaddharma ke rUpa meM rakhanA cAhiye na ki dharmadhyAna kA bheda banAkara / sambhavataH niHpakSa * upadeH kumbhAvAnmandabuddhivAnkama diyAtsUkSmatvAcca padArthAnAM hetudRSTAtIparame sati sarvazapraNItamAgamaM pramANIkRtya itthamevedaM nAnyathAvadinoM jinA iti gahana padArthazraddhAnanarthAvadhAraNamAjJAbicayaH athavA svayaM vidita padArthatatvasyataH paraprAtapratipAdAH svasiddhAntAvirodhena tasvasamarthanArthatarkanaya pramANa yojana paraH smRtisamanvAhAraH sarvazAlAprakAzanArthatvAdAlAvicayaH ityucyate / sarvArthasiddhe 6-36 /

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278 [jainadharma-mImAMsA vicArakoM ko to isameM koI sthAna hI nahIM raha jAtA / isase mAlUma hotA hai ki bAjAvicaya kA yaha ThIka lakSaNa nahIM hai| zAstroM kA kyA artha hai, isa prakAra kA vicAra bhI AjJAvicaya* kahA jAtA hai / vaha artha kucha ThIka dizA meM avazya hai, phira bhI saMkucita hai| Age vAstavika artha kahA jaaygaa| prANI sanmArga se kisa prakAra naSTa ho rahe haiM, isa prakAra vicAra karanA apAyavicaya hai / karma kA kaisA phala milatA hai isapara vicAra karanA vipAka vicaya hai / aura vizva kI racanA para vicAra karanA saMsthAna vicaya hai| sAdhAraNa dRSTi se ye paribhASAe~ ThIka hai, parantu prazna yaha hai ki saMsthAna vicaya ke nAma para bhUgola aura khagola para jora kyoM diyA gayA ! itihAsa aura purANa para kyoM nahIM ! bAraha bhAvanAoM meM eka loka bhAvanA hai, usI taraha kA yaha saMsthAna vicaya dhyAna hai| mAnA ki bhAvanA meM dhyAna kI taraha sthiratA nahIM hai paranta anya bhAvanAoM ko bhI dharmyadhyAna ke bhedoM meM kyoM nahIM rakkhA ! yadi kahA jAya ki inakA AjJAvicaya meM samAveza ho jAyagA to bAkI tInoM dharmyacyAnoM kA bhI AjAvicaya meM samAveza kiyA jA sakatA hai / isase malama hotA hai ki dharmyadhyAna kA yaha zreNI. vibhAga ThIka nahIM hai athavA inakI paribhASAoM meM kucha vikRti AgaI hai| ___vAstava meM dharmyadhyAna ke ina vibhAgoM meM eka krama hai / balki * AptavacanaM tu pravacanamAhAvicayastadarthanirNayanam / sthAnAMga TIkA

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dazadharma [279 , eka vicAra ke cAra aMza haiM / AmAko kalyANamArga meM lagAne tathA jagata ke uddhAra kI apekSA se dhaHdhya na ke ye bheda kiye haiN| dharmazAstra meM AjJA kA artha hai kartavya kI preraNA, athavA kalyANopayogI padAyoM kA vidhAna / usakA vicAra karanA vaha AjJA viSaya hai arthAt sukha ke mArga para vicAra karanA AjJAvicaya hai| prANiyoM kA jo kartavya hai usakA arthAt AjJA kA pAlana na karane se ve kaise durAcArI, patita, svANa Adi ho jAte haiM isa prakAra kA vicAra apAyavicaya hai| isa prakAra patita hokara unheM kaise kA bhoganA par3ate haiM, isa prakAra kA vicAra vipAkavicaya hai| "prANiyoM ke isa adhaHpatana se saMsAra kI kaisI duravasthA ho rahI hai yaha saMsthAnavicaya hai| dhaHdhyAna ke ina cAroM bhedoM kA aisA artha karane se usameM eka prakAra kA krama AjAtA hai, jo ki dharma ke kisI uddezya ko pUrA karane ke liye ucita aura Avazyaka mAlUma hotA hai / zukladhyAna--dhaHdhyAna kI taraha yaha bhI eka pavitra dhyAna hai / isake bhI cAra bheda hai, pRthaktva vitarka, (isa avasthA meM dhyAna kucha kAla rahatA hai| eka viSaya para sthira hone para bhI bhItara hI bhItara isameM kucha parivartana hotA rahatA hai) ekatvavitarka (isameM parivartana nahIM hotA) sUkSma kiyApratipAti (marate samaya jaba zarIra meM eka prakAra kI sthiratA AjAtI hai, bahuta hI sUkSma kiyA bAkI raha jAtI hai, usa samaya yaha dhyAna mAnA jAtA hai) vyuparata.kayAnivarti-isameM vaha sUkSma kiyA bhI banda ho jAtI hai|

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280 ] [ jainadharma mImAMsA pIche ke donoM zukladhyAna ahaMta ke hI mAne jAte haiM / ina dhyAnoM ke liye koI vizeSa prayatna nahIM karanA par3atA / pratyeka ahanta ke jIvana ke anta samaya meM ye Apa se Apa hote haiN| pAna kI vyAvahArika upayogitA bhI bahuta hai / isase kisI viSaya para vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai, isase jJAna kI vRddhi yo prApti hotI hai, duHkhoM ko bhulAyA jAtA hai, apane Apa meM pUrNa banA jAtA hai| isa prakAra ye antaraGga tapa haiM / bahiraGga tapa kI apekSA antaraGga tapoM para adhika jora denA cAhiye / bahiraGga tapa vAstava meM tapa nahIM hai kintu vAstavika tapa ke liye eka sAdhana mAtra haiM / , tyAga-AThavA dharma tyAga hai / tyAga zabda kA vyApaka artha kiyA jAya taba to isameM bahuta se dharmoM kA samAveza kiyA jA saMkatA hai parantu yahA~ para usakA artha dAna hai / pahile adhyAya meM kahA jA cukA hai ki samAja kI unnati meM apanI unati hai| agara hama samAja ko patita avasthA meM chor3akara unn| banAnA cAheM to hameM asaphala honA par3egA athavA imeM jitanI saphalatA milanA cAhiye utanI saphalatA na milegI / da na ke dvArA hama donoM kA kucha samIkaraNa karate haiN| dUsaroM ko unnata banAkara hama yAtAvaraNa ko kucha svaccha banAte haiM jisase hameM bhI zvAsa lene meM kaSTa na ho| isa prakAra dAna jitanA paropakAraka hai utanA hI stropakAraka hai|. jaina zAkhoM meM dAna ke cAra bheda kiye gaye hai| AhAra dAna, ASadhadAma zAnadAna (jJAna dAna) aura abhayadAna,

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dazadharma [281 abhayadAna ke badale meM AvAsadAna bhI kahA jAtA hai| vAstava meM ye dAna munisaMsthA ko lakSya meM lekara kahe gaye the / isaliye muniyoM ko jina jina cIjoM kI jarUrata hotI thI unakA nAma likha diyA gayA / parantu vAstava meM isakI upayogitA sabhI ke liye hai, aura deza kAla ke bheda se isa ke DhaMga meM bhI parivartana karanA Avazyaka hai| jaina sAhitya meM bhI isa prakAra kA saMzodhana huA hai aura usa ke anusAra dAna ke cAra bhara dUsare DhaMga se kiye gaye haiM - pAtradAna, karuNAdAna, samadAna, aura anvayadAna / prArambha ke cAra dAna pAtra-dAna meM zAmila kiye jAte haiM / dAna ke ye cAra bheda pahile bhedoM kI okSA adhika pUrNa hai| pAtradAna- jo loga sadAcArI haiM, nyAyazIla haiM, duniyA kI bhalAI ke liye jinane apanA jIvana lagAyA hai---una ke sahAyatA pahuMcAnA, una ke jIvana kI AvazyakatAe~ pUrI karanA pAtra dAna hai| isakA sAmpradAyika artha na karanA cAhiye; kintu jo bhI manuSya duniyA kI bhalAI ke liye prayatna karatA ho aura kisI bhI DhaMga se kyoM na karatA ho, use sahAyatA pahu~cAnA Avazyaka hai| hA~, sacce pAtra ko pahicAnane ke liye vivekakI z2arUrata to hai hI, sApa hI usake kAryokI upayogitA kA bhI vicAra karanA pdd'egaa| pahile brAhmaNoM ko isa prakAra kA dAna diyA jAtA thA aura Aja bhI diyA jAtA hai, parantu aba brAhmaNa kulotpanna ko diyA jAtA hai, bhale hI vaha brAhmaga ho yA na ho / Ara brAhmaga

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282] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA kulotpanna na ho kintu brAhmaNa ho to bhI nahIM diyA jAtA / zramaNa sampradAya meM yaha dAna zramaNopAsakoM ko bhI diyA jAne lgaa| parantu Aja pAtrApAtra kA vicAra kucha dUsare DhaMga se karanA cAhiye / brAhmaNa kulotpanna hone se yA brAhmaNa (vidvAna ) hone se hI koI pAtra nahIM ho jAtA aura na zramaNa kA veSa dhAraNa karane se pAtra hotA hai / saccI sAdhutA kA svarUpa pahile kahA gayA hai / usI ko kasai.TI banAkara sAdhutA kI-pahicAna karanA cAhiye, manuSya meM nisvArtha samAja sevAke sAtha samAja sevA karane kI jitanI yogyatA hogI aura usa kA vaha jitanA upayoga karegA usakI pAtratA utanI hI adhika hogI, phira vaha kisI bhI jAti kA kyoM na ho aura kisI bhI vepa meM kyoM na ho| pahile z2amAne meM pAtra ko cAra vastue~ dI jAtI thii| bhAjana, auSadha, jJAnavRddhi ke sAdhana, rahane yA Taharane ke liye sthAna / vastra tathA anya upakaraNoM kA samAveza bhI inhIM meM ho jAtA hai| Aja bhI isa prakAra ke sAdhana juTAnA Avazyaka hai| parantu isake atirikta kucha aura bhI karanA cAhiye / pAtroM meM bhikSAvRtti anivArya na vana jAya, unake hRdaya para karmaNyatA kA kucha aMkuza rahe tathA kupAtra bhI pAtroM meM na ghuma jAya~-isake liye dAnapraNAlI meM kucha nayA daMga lAnA cAhiye / unako bhojanAdi dene kI apekSA upArjanake sAdhana juTAdenA kI bahuta acchA hai| ve svayaM parizrama kareM, usa ke badale meM jIvana nirvAha ke liye ucita aura Avazyaka vastue~ leM aura agara kucha bacata ho to samAja ko arpaNa kreN|

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dazadharma ] [283 , pahile z2amAne meM sAdhuoM ko yA dharma-sthAnoM ko jamAna vagairaha dI jAtI thii| usakA prayojana yahI thA ki samAja-sevaka loga kRSidvArA apanA jIvana nirvAha kareM aura isa prakAra svAzrayI banakara samAja sevA kareM / parantu bahuta samaya vyatIta ho jAne para ityA durupayoga hone lgaa| unameM karmaNyatA to na rahI kintu jamIdArI-zAna A gaI / unane apane hAtha se kAma karanA chor3a diyA aura pU~jIvAdI manovRtti se kAma lenA zurU kiyaa| Ana pUMjIvAdI manovRtti ko dUra karake isI prakAra ke AzramoM yA saMsthAoM kI jarUrata hai jinake pancana meM rahakara samAja-sevaka-varga samAja-sevA karatA huA jIvana yApana kare, jisame inako bhI zAnti mile aura samAja ko sacce sevaka tathA mitra mileN| jo kAma paisA kharca karake vetana nagI vidvAnoM se nahIM ho sakatA, yaha iname ho, phira bhI mana ke Upara inakA kama se kama bojha pdd'e| yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai ki ye loga khetI hI kareM / ye loga gRhodyoga tathA mazInoM ke anya kAma bhI kareM, choTe bar3e kArakhAne ca ThA-sAhitya pracAra ke liye mudra gAya ca ThAreM / isase sAdhu. saMsthA aura samAja sevaka varga svAdhI, kaNya, uttaradAyitvapUrNa aura saMgaThita banegA / isake atireka rASTrIya dRSTi se bahuta lAbha * lAja kala sarIkhI jarmAdArI kI prathA arvAcIna hai| agara maiM bhUlanA nahI hai to akabara bAdazAha ke samaya rAjA toDaramala ne isa prathA kA sUtraH pAta kiyA thA : isake pahila jAna ke mAlika hI jamIna jotate haag| isakiye samAriyoM ke dAjanI, ka.: upaloga ve hI karate hogaa|

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[jainadharma-mImAMsA 281 ] hoMge | udAharaNArtha:-- rASTra ke jo udyoga videzI pU~jIpatiyoM kI pratiyogitA ke kAraNa panapa nahIM sakate yA Tika nahIM sakate, ve ina strArthatyAgiyoM ke bharose khar3e kiye jA sakeMge kyoMki ina logoM ko badalA bahuta ghor3A denA par3egA / agara rASTra kA grAmya jIvana barbAda ho rahA hai to ye logajo ki vivekI sabhya aura tyAgI hoMge - grAmya jIvana kA Adarza upasthita kareMge, jahA~ svacchatA, sabhyatA, sahayogazIlatA ke sAtha nAgarikatA kA samanvaya kiyA jAyagA / isa prakAra ke namune upasthita kara dUsare grAmoM ko isIprakAra sudhArane kI koziza kareMge / eka bAra jahA~ isa prakAra grAmya sudhAra kI havA calI ki vaha sarvavyApI ho jAyagI / jisa deza meM karor3oM rupaye dhArmika saMsthAoM ko dAna diyA jAtA ho usa deza meM agara usakA dasavA~ bhAga isa DhaMga se kharca kiyA jAya to deza kI sArI AvazyakatAe~ deza meM hI pUrI kI jA sakatI haiM / isa prakAra antarrASTrIya Arthika AkramaNoM kA pApa dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai / agara kisI udyoga meM eka lAkha rupayA prativarSa ghAya sahA jAya aura usa meM kAma karane vAle sAdhu ke samAna aparigrahI hoM to yaha sambhava hI nahIM hai ki thor3e se varSo meM vaha apane pairoM para khar3A na ho sake / prArambha se hI jaba pU~jIvAdI manovRtti kAma karane lagatI hai taba asaphalatA hotI hai, parantu yahA~ to pU~jI kho dene taka kI tayArI hai aura nisvArtha kAma karanA hai taba kyoM na saphalatA hogI ?

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dazadharma ] [ 285 isa prakAra dAna karane kI dizA meM parivartana karanA cAhiye aisI saMsthAoM ke nIce udyoga calAne ke liye dhana kA dAna karanA kisI bhI anya dhArmika saMsthA meM dAna karane kI apekSA adhika puNyakA kArya hai kyoMki isase svakalyANa aura parakalyANa donoM hI hote haiN| isa jariye se bekArI bhI iTAyI jA sakatI hai aura Adarza samAja bhI banAyI jA sakatI hai| ina donoM bAtoM ke nAnA suphala hoMge ve alaga | ye Azrama logoM ko zAMti pradAna karane tathA jIvana sudhAra kI zikSA lene ke liye bhI upayogI hoNge| purAne DhaMga ke logoM meM tIrthATana kA bahuta rivAja hai| naye DhaMga ke ke loga bhI havAkhorI ke bahAne dezATana karate hI haiM / kucha loga nagaroM se yA apane sthAna se Uba kara kucha samaya ke liye anyatra cale jAte haiM / aise logoM ke liye ye Azrama bar3e kAma kI cIja hoMge / yahA~ para Akara loga sakuTumba hokara rheN| jIvana sudhAra kA, saMyama kA, zAMti kA abhyAsa kareM / sAtha hI vAyu parivartana bhI / isa prakAra ye saMsthAe~ samAja rASTra aura vizva kI bahuta acchI cIja bana skeNgii| . pAtra dAna kI yaha nayI vyavasthA vivekapUrNa tathA bahuta phala denevAlI hai / roTI khilA dene se yA thor3A-sA anna de dene se yA thor3I sI sampatti A~kha banda kara jahA~ cAhe pheMkadene se pAtra dAna nahIM ho jAtA | usa ke liye viveka se kAma lekara aisA prayatna karanA cAhiye, jisa se samAja kA sarvAGgINa vikAsa ho usa ke kaSTa kama ho tathA sukha meM vRddhi ho / pAtra dAna meM anya dAnoM kI apekSA vizeSatA yaha hai ki

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286] [jainadharma-mImAMsA isa meM pAtra kI pUjA kI jAtI hai / isa ke liye caraNa dhone Adi kI praNAlI pracalita hai / yaha hai to anucita, parantu isake bhItara eka rahasya hai, vaha avazya hI dhyAna meM aura vyavahAra meM rakhane lAyaka hai| pAtra-dAna aise hI logoM ko diyA jAtA hai jo ki nisvArtha samAja sevaka haiM / unako dAna dekara hama unake Upara ahasAna nahIM kara rahe haiM-yaha bAta dhyAna meM rahe, isaliye yaha pUjA-arcAkI prathA hai / usakA vartamAna rUpa tyAga karake bhI hameM usa kA bhAva dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye, tathA sacce samAna-sevakoM ko ahasAna meM na dabAkara unakA Adara karanA cAhiye tabhI una se lAbha uThAyA jA sakatA hai; anyathA sacca sevaka na to mileMge aura na hama unase saccI sevA le skeNge| kadAcita ve hamArI icchA ke anusAra kAma kareMge, jaisA ki hama cAhate haiM, parantu hita ke anusAra nhiiN| karuNAdAna- dIna-duHkhI manuSyako karuNA buddhi se dAna denA karuNA-dAna hai / cikitAlaya khulavAnA Adi isI dAna ke bhItara hai / sadAvarta dvArA garIboM ko bhojana denA bhI karuNAdAna hai| parantu isakI apekSA yaha adhika acchA hai ki unase kucha kAma karAyA jAya jisase unameM dInatA, bhikhamaMgApana, Alasya Adi na Ane paave| zaMkA-agara kisI deza meM kAma karanevAle itane adhika ho ki unheM kAma na milatA ho, aura phira ina bhikSukoM se bhI kAma liyA jAne lage taba to vekArI aura bddh'egii|

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dazadharma ] [ 287 samAdhAna-inako aise kAma diye jAveM jinheM ki Arthika dRSTi se lAbhaprada na hone se koI na karatA ho / deza meM aise bahuta se kAma hote haiM jo Avazyaka hone para bhI bahuvyayasAdhya hone se usake liye koI paisA kharca nahIM karatA / aise kAma ina logoM se lenA cAhiye / mAnalo gA~va ke bAhara eka aisI z2amIna hai jahA~ loga zAma ko ghUmane jA sakate haiM, parantu jamIna itanI Ubar3a khAbar3a tathA patharIlI hai ki koI usakA upayoga nahIM krtaa| myunisiliTI yA grAmyasaMgha meM paise kI itanI guMjAyaza nahIM hai ki vaha majUra lagAkara yaha kAma kaga sake, aura gA~va kA koI zrImAna bhikSukoM ko muTThIbhara anAja roz2a detA hai / a6 agara vaha isa zarta para anAja de ki saba bhikSuka pandraha miniTa taka vaha jamIna sAfa kareM to thor3e hI dinoM meM vaha bilakula sApha ho jaaygii| apara isase bhI majUgekI majarI mArI jAtI ho to aura koI kAma dekhanA cAhiye / yaha to eka udAharaNa mAtra hai| aura isa taraha ke kAma dUMTe jA sakate haiM jo bhikSukoM se karAye jAya kintu usake liye kisI ko bekAra na honA par3e / isa prakAra karugAdAna meM agara vika se kAma liyA jAya to akarmaNya loga karuNAspada banane kA DhoMga na kareMge, tathA yaha dAna vyApaka rUpa meM lokopakAraka siddha hogaa| hA~, jo loga kisI kAraNa se koI kAma karane lAyaka na hoM to unako vaise hI madada kI jAya / kyoMki isakA kyA ThikAnA ki hamArI kabhI duravasthA na hogii| usa samaya isa suniyama kA suphala hameM bhI milegA / paropakAra kyoM Avazyaka hai, isa viSaya meM prathama adhyAya meM likhA gayA hai /

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288] [ jainadharma mImAMsA zaGkA- agara hama karmaphala ko mAnate haiM to hameM karuNAdAna kyoM karanA cAhiye ? prANI apane pApa kA phala bhogate haiN| vaha unheM bhoganA cAhiye / unheM usa se chur3Ane kA prayatna karane vAle hama kauna ! samAthAna-isa prakAra kA vicAra hameM dUsaroM ke liye hI na karanA cAhiye, kintu apane kuTumbiyoM aura apane lie bhI karanA cAhie / apanA putra jaba bImAra par3e to usakI cikitsA sevA na karanA cAhie yahA~ taka ki jaba hama svayaM bImAra par3eM taba niroga hone kI ceSTA na karanA cAhie / calate calate gira par3eM to uThanA bhI na cAhie anyathA karmaphala meM bAdhA AyagI / agara apane liye hama itanI udAratA kA upayoga nahIM karate to dUsare ke lie bhI usa kA upayoga na kareM, isI meM hamArI saccAI hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki hamAre aura dUsare ke bhAgya meM kyA hai-yaha hameM dikhAI nahIM detA / idhara karma bhI apanA kArya karane ke liye nokarma ( bAhya nimittoM) kI apekSA rakhatA hai / isalie sambhava hai ki usakA zubha karma udaya meM ho jisase vaha vipatti se chuTakArA pAnevAlA ho, parantu kisI bAhya nimitta kI z2arUrata ho / vaha hameM juTA denA cAhie / sahAyaka kA saMyoga bhI, to usa ke zubha karma kI nizAnI hai| tIsarI bAta yaha hai ki manuSya meM daiva kI pradhAnatA nahIM hai, kintu puruSArtha kI pradhAnatA hai| deva apanA kAma kare, parantu hameM bhI apanA kAma karanA cAhie / deva ko hama nahIM jAna sakate, na vaha hamAre hAtha / meM hai hamAre hAtha

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dazadharma ] [ 289 puruSArtha hai, prayatna hai-isaliye daiva kA vicAra kiye binA hameM prayatnazIla honA cAhie aura adhika se adhika bhalAI karanA caahie| zaGkA--asaMyamI prANiyoM para karuNA karane se tathA una kI rakSA karane se asaMyama kI vRddhi hI hogI / bhaviSya meM ve jo pApa kareMge usake nimitta hama bhI hoNge| samAdhAna- prANI ke jIvana meM asaMyama hI nahIM hotA kintu saMyama bhI hotA hai, usameM prema bhI hotA hai, isase vaha kisI kA avalambana bhI banatA hai, isaliye hameM asaMyamI kA nahIM kintu asaMyama kA vicAra karanA caahie| asaMyama ke kArya meM sahAyatA kabhI na kare, parantu asaMyamI ko sahAyatA karanA caahie| sambhava hai-imAse yaha saMyamI bane, dUsaroM ke lie vaha bhalAI kA sAdhana bane / gAya bhaisa Adi pazu bhI asaMyamI hote haiM, parantu unakI rakSA se samAja kI rakSA hai / ahiMsA ke prakaraNa meM bhI isa viSaya meM vivecana kiyA hai / usa para bhI vicAra kara lenA caahiye| samadAna- sAmAjikatA tathA prema bar3hAne ke liye prItibhoja karanA Adi samadAna hai / yathAzakti ye kAma bhI upayogI haiN| isase sAmpattika vitaraNa meM samatA AtI hai-~-pArasparika sahayoga kA bhAva bar3hatA hai / pravAsa vagairaha meM hama dUsaroM ko, dUsare apane ko sahAyaka hote haiM / hA~, viveka se kAma lene kI jarUrata to yahA~ bhI hai / mRtyubhoja sarIkhI kara kriyAoM kA samarthana isase nahIM kiyA jA sktaa|

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290 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsA 1 anvayadAna - apanI sampattikA kisI yA kinhIM uttarAdhikAriyoM ko sauMpanA anvayadAna hai | bahuta se loga zAyada ise dAna na mAneMge, parantu yaha bhI eka dAna hai / hamAre mara jAne para hamAre uttarAdhikArI jo hamArI sampatti ke svAmI ho jAte haiM-vaha dAna nahIM hai / dAna vahI hai ki apane jIte jI apanI sampatti kA yathAyogya vitaraNa kara denA, tathA vAnaprastha hokara apanA sthAna dUsaroM ko khAlI kara denA tathA apane hAtha meM aise kAma le lenA jo samAja kI unnati tathA pragati ke liye upayogI haiM, kintu Arthika bekArI nahIM phailAte / jIvana ke aMtima bhAga meM sevA aura zAnti ke liye prayatna karanA cAhiye / karmayogI banakara vizvamAtra kI sevA ke liye karmazIla bananA ucita hai / anvaya-dAna isa kriyA bahuta sahAyaka hai | I 1 dAna kI yahA~ dizA-mAtra batalA dI gaI hai / isase dAna ke viSaya meM paryApta vicAra kiyA jA sakegA / hA~, eka bAta dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye ki dAna aicchika dharma nahIM hai, kintu anivArya hai / sampatti hone para agara dAna na kiyA jAya, usakI kaida karake rakha liyA jAya to isameM samAja kA doha hai, parigraha pApa hai / aparigraha ke prakaraNa meM bhI isa viSaya para paryApta vicAra kiyA gayA hai / sampatti eka na eka dina TUTanevAlI to avazya hai / bhale hI vaha aise AdamI ko mile jise hama apanA putra kahate haiM, parantu Akhira vaha bhI to samAja kA hI eka aGga hai| zAyada hama yaha samajheM ki use sampatti dene se nAma calegA; parantu isakA

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dazadharma 1 [ 291 > bharosA kyA hai ? dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki agara sampatti se nAma cala sakatA hai to usakA upayoga jIvana meM hI kyoM na kiyA jAya - jisase yaza kA Ananda apane ko mila sake ! tIsarI bAta yaha hai ki apane marane ke pIche uttarAdhikArI sampatti le le aura usase kisI kA jitanA nAma ho sakatA hai usase haz2Ara guNA nAma usakA hotA hai - jo samAja ke liye sampatti de jAtA hai / yahA~ santAna ko bhikSuka banA dene kI bAta nahIM hai / santAna kA pAlana, rakSaNa, unnati Adi bhI samAja kA kAna hai / parantu sabhI tarapha samatolatA rahe - isake liye eka tarapha jora diyA gayA hai / isa prakAra dAna, yaza kI dRSTi se tathA samAja hita kI dRSTi se bahuta upayogI hai| yaha paramArtha bhI hai aura svArtha bhI haiM / Arkicinya - arthAta apanA kucha na samajhanA / aparigrahavrata ke liye, zauca aura dAna ke liye yaha uttejaka hai | apane kI svAnI nahIM, kintu dRsTI, rakSaka mAnane meM nirAkulatA bhI hai tathA samAja hita bhI hai / brahmacarya - - isakA vivecana pahile vistAra se kiyA gayA hai| parivaha vijaya muni yA saMyamI manuSya ko parivaha vijaya karanA cAhiye, anyathA vaha saMyama kA pUrNa rUpa se pAna nahIM kara sakatA ha saMyama se gira par3egA | isake liye bAIsa pariSadoM ko jItane kA ullekha hai / maiM pahile muniyoM ke gyAraha mUla-guNoM kA ullekha kara AyA hU~ / unameM eka kaSTa sahiSNutA bhI hai | pariSadoM kA

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292 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsA yathAzakti vijaya karanA isI mUla-guNa meM zAmila hai / svAsthya vagairaha ko samhAlane kI jo bAteM kaSTa-sahiSNutA ke varNana meM kahI gaI haiM, unakA yahA~ bhI dhyAna rakhanA cAhiye / hA~, yogya karttavya ke liye svAsthya kA kyA, jIvana kA bhI balidAna karanA par3atA hai / 1 yadyapi yahA~ parivaha-vijaya para kucha likhane kI jarUrata nahIM thI, parantu kucha paripahoM para jude jude dRSTi-binduoM se vicAra karanA hai, isIliye yahA~ kucha likhA jAtA hai / pariyaheM bAIsa haiM / unakA artha unake nAma se hI spaSTa ho jAtA hai / yaha bhI Avazyaka nahIM hai ki ve bAIsa hI mAnI jAya~ / AvazyakatA hone para unameM nyUnAdhikatA bhI ho sakatI hai| unake nAma ye haiM: kSudhA (bhUkha), pipAsA (pyAsa), zIta, uSNa, daMzamazaka (DaoNsa, macchara, bicchU, sarpa Adi), nagnatA, strI, caryA ( calane kA kaSTa), niSadyA ( eka jagaha Asana lagAne kA kaSTa ), zayyA ( mone kA kaSTa, kaTora z2amIna meM sonA par3e Adi), Akoza ( gAliyA~ vagairaha sahanA par3e ), vadha ( mArapITa sahanA par3e ), yAcanA, alAbha ( bhikSA vagairaha na mile ), roga, tRNasparza (kaMTaka vageraha ), satkArapuraskAra (mAnApamAna ), prajJA, ajJAna, adarzana inameM se kucha pariSahoM para vizeSa sUcanA karane kI z2arUrata hai / nagnatA isa viSaya meM mUla-guNoM kI AlocanA karate samaya likha diyA gayA hai / yahA~ sirpha itanA samjhanA cAhiye ki pariSahoM meM nagnatA ke ullekha se itanA to mAnna hotA hai ki jaina sampradAya meM nagnatA prAcIna hai, arthAt mahAtmA mahAvIra ke z2amAne se

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paripaha-vijaya ] [ 293 hai / parantu isase yaha siddha nahIM hotA ki yaha anivArya hai / parihoM meM jo pariSaheM upasthita ho jAya~ una para vijaya karanA cAhiye | sahana karane ke liye pratyeka paripaha ko rakhanA jarUrI nahIM hai / jaise sAdhu prati samaya bhUkhA-pyAsA Adi nahIM rahatA, usI prakAra nagna rahanA bhI jarUrI nahIM haiN| hA~, agara kabhI nagna rahanA par3e to use vijaya karane kI zakti rakhanA cAhiye | kucha loga nagnatA ke samarthana meM kahane lagate haiM ki agara koI manuSya nagna rahakara TaNDa - garmI nahIM saha sakatA to vaha sAdhu kyoM banatA hai ? isake uttara meM pahilI bAta to yaha hai kaSTasahiSNutA kA sambandha sirpha zarIra se nahIM hai - vaha aneka paristhitiyoM para avambita hai | dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki nAgnya pariSada kA ThaMDa-garmI Adi se koI sambandha nahIM hai, kintu lajjA se hai / eka AdamI zIta pIr3ita hokara tApa rahA hai, kintu nagna hai / to hama use zIta-pariva-vijayoM to na kaha sakeMge, kintu nagna- paripaha vijayI kaha skeNge| isI prakAra la~goTI lagAkara TaMDa sahanevAlA namna parivajayI nahIM hai, kintu zItajayI hai / isIliye isa parivaha kA sambandha cAritra moha se rakkhA gayA hai, kyoMki isase zarIra para nahIM, mana para vijaya prApta karanA hai / mana para vijaya prApta karake bhI agara logoM kI suvidhA ke liye nagna na bhI rahe to bhI vaha naparivaha vijayI hai | " strI-triyoM kI tarapha se kAmukatApUrNa AkarSaNa kiyA jAya to usa AkarSaNa para vijaya prApta karanA strI-parivaha vijaya hai / yaha parivaha to sirfa sAdhuoM ko hI lAgU ho sakatI hai, na

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294 ] [jainadhama-mImAMsA ki sAdhviyoM ko / parantu pariSaha-vijaya to donoM ke liye eka-sI Avazyaka hai / taba strI-pariSaha ke samAna puruSa-pariSaha kyoM nahIM mAnI jAtI hai isakA kAraNa to sirpha yahI mAlUma hotA hai ki pahile jamAne meM jaba sAdhAraNataH kisI bAta kA upadeza diyA jAtA thA taba vaha vivecana puruSoM ko lakSya meM lekara kiyA jAtA thA, isaliye una hI ko lakSya lekara yaha pariSaha bana gaI hai| dUsarA kAraNa yaha hai ki sAdhAraNataH puruSa jitanA strI kI tarapha AkarSita hotA hai-utanI strI puruSa kI tarapha AkarSita nahIM hotI, athavA AkarSita ho karake bhI usakA AkarSaNa pragaTa nahIM hotA, isaliye puruSa ko samhAlane kI adhika z2arUrata mAlUma huI / parantu ye donoM kAraNa paryApta nahIM haiM / isaliye Aja to isa pariSaha kA nAma badala denA cAhiye / strI-paripaha ke badale isakA nAma "kAma. pariSaha" rakhanA cAhiye / yaha strI aura purupa donoM ke liye eka sarIkhI hai| yAcanA-isa paripaha ke artha meM donoM sampradAyoM meM matabheda hai / digambara sampradAya kahatA hai ki prANa jAne para bhI dIna vacana na bolanA aura na kisI se AhAra vagairaha kI yAcanA karanA yAcanA-paripa-vijaya hai / yAcanA ke rivAja ko va pApa samajhane haiM * . jaba ki zvetAmbara sampradAya meM ise pApa nahIM mAnA gayA hai, balki yAcanA karane meM dInatA tathA abhimAna na Ane denA * adyAve punaH kAgadAMpAdInAnAthapAkhaMDi bahule jaganyamArgakSaranAmAvatiH yAcanamanuSTIyate / na0 sa0 vArtika 9-9-21 /

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pariSaha - vijaya ] [ 295 1 ! * yAcanA - pariSaha kA vijaya hai / donoM sampradAyoM ke muniyoM kI bhikSA kA DhaMga judA judA hai / isIliye isa pariSada ke artha karane meM yaha gar3abar3I paidA huI hai / maiM likha cukA hU~ ki bhikSA ke donoM DhaGga prAcIna haiM / pahilA DhaGga jinakalpiyoM kA hai, dUsarA DhaGga sthavirakalpiyoM kA / AMzika dRSTi se donoM ThIka haiM; phira bhI yAcanA-pariSada kI upayogitA tathA vargIkaraNa kI dRSTi se pahilA artha kucha asaMgata mAlUma hotA hai / yahA~ yaha bAta yAda rakhanA cAhiye ki yAcanA pariha kA sambandha bhI cAritramoha se hai / isase yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki usameM kisI mAnasika - vAsanA para vijaya prApta karanA hai / digambara mAnyatA ke anusAra usakA sambandha cAritramoha se nahIM rahatA; balki bhUkha-pyAsa sahane ke samAna asAtAvedanIya se ho jAtA hai / yoM to haraeka pariSaha meM vAstavika vijaya to mana para hI karanA par3atI hai; parantu kucha kA sambandha pahile zarIra se haiM phira mana se, jaba ki kucha kA sIdhA mana se gyAraha pariSaheM zArIrika kaSToM se sambandha rakhatI haiM, isaliye unakA kAraNa asAtAvedanIya mAnA jAtA hai; aura bAkI gyAraha ghAtiyA karmoM se sambandha rakhatI hai / - yAcanA karane meM lajjA, dInatA, saMkoca Adi mAnasika kaSTeM | kA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai, isaliye unake vijaya karane kA nAmyArati strIniSadyAkrozayAcanA satkAra puraskArAH 9- 15 satyArtha / + kSudhA, tRSA, zIta, upa, daMzamazaka, carcA, zayyA, aba, roga, tRNasparza, maLa | * cAritramohe

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296 ] [ jainadharma mImAMsA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai, isaliye yAcanA karanA hI vAstava meM pariSada 'kahalAyI - jisa para vijaya prApta karanA hai / yAcanA na karanA pariSaha nahIM hai, kyoMki usase kisI mAnasika kaSTa kA sAmanA nahIM karanA par3atA / isIliye pariSaha kA nAma yAcanA hai, na ki ayAcanA | isa grantha ke anusAra to muniyoM kA kAryakSetra vizAla hai tathA muniyoM kA dharma gRhasthoM ke liye bhI upayogI hai, isaliye yAcanApariSada kA kSetra vizAla hai / bhojana ke viSaya meM bhikSAvRtti anivArya na hone se usa viSaya meM Aja yAcanA - pariSaha anivArya nahIM hai; phira bhI agara kabhI z2arUrata ho to yAcanA- -vijaya karanA cAhiye | isake atirikta dharma tathA samAja kI unnati ke liye logoM se aneka prakAra kI yAcanA karanA par3atI hai, isaliye vahA~ bhI usa pariSada ke vijaya kI AvazyakatA hai / mala - isake vijaya kI bhI z2arUrata hai, parantu isake nAma para zarIra ko malina rakhane kA jo rivAz2a hai-vaha ThIka nahIM hai / akalaMka deva ne isa viSaya meM eka bAta yaha bhI kahI hai ki kezalAca pariSaha bhI isI meM zAmila hai / parantu yaha ThIka nahIM mAlUma hotA, kyoMki mala- paripakSa vijaya kA artha hai ghRNita cIjoM se bhI ghRNA na karake kartavya para dRr3ha rahanA / bAla koI mala nahIM hai, balki ve to zRGgAra ke sAdhana mAne jAte haiN| agara unheM malarUpa mAnA bhI jAya to unake dhAraNa kiye rahane meM mala - pariSaha - vijaya hai-na ki lauMca karane meM / isaliye yaha samAdhAna ThIka nahIM hai / Aja kezaloMca kI z2arUrata nahIM hai, isaliye usakA ullekha nirarthaka hai / agara usakI jarUrata hotI to usakA nAma

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pariSaha - vijaya ] [ 297 alaga hI lenA cAhiye thaa| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki prArambha meM- jaba ki pariSoM kI gaNanA kI gaI ho usa samaya-kezaloMca kA rivAz2a na ho / prajJA - vidvAn aura buddhimAna hone se manuSya meM eka prakAra kA ahaMkAra A jAtA hai / yaha usake adhaHpatana kA mArga hai tathA samAja hita kA nAzaka hai, isaliye aisA ahaMkAra na AnA cAhiye / yahA~ prajJA upalakSaNa hai isaliye kisI bhI taraha kA vizeSa guNa jisase ahaMkAra paidA ho sakatA hai, vaha saba prajJA zabda se samajhanA cAhiye / ajJAna- ajJAna kI vyAkhyA bhI guNAbhAvarUpa karanA cAhiye / prajJA se yaha ulTA hai / usameM guNa ke ahaMkAra kA vijaya karanA par3atA hai aura isameM guNAbhAva se jo dInatA, nirAzA, apamAna, apamAna se paidA honevAlI kavAya Adi kA anubhava karanA par3atA hai, usa para vijaya kI jAtI hai / adarzana- avizvAsa para vijaya prAsa karanA adarzana-parivaha hai / dharma manuSya ko sadAcArI banAnA cAhatA hai / isaliye vaha sa bAta kI ghoSaNA karatA hai ki sadAcAra, saMyama, tapa Adi se saba prakAra kI unnati hotI hai| saikar3o manuSya milakara jo kAma kara sakate haiM, jo jAna sakate hai-vaha saba tapastrI kI bhaddhiyoM aura alaukika pratyakSoM ke Age kucha nahIM hai / isa AzA se saikar3oM manuSya apane jIvana ko sadAcAramaya banAte haiM aura jaba unheM sadAcAra kA marma samajha meM A jAtA hai taba ve samajha jAte haiM ki RddhiyoM Adi kI bAta to nirarthaka hai, sadAcAra se inakA koI

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298 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA 1 vizeSa sambandha nahIM hai | vAstava meM sadAcAra se Atmika zAnti aura sukha milatA hai, paraloka sudharatA hai, duniyA~ kI bhalAI hotI hai aura usase merI bhI bhalAI hotI hai - isa prakAra dharma kA marma samajhakara vaha kevalI ho jAtA hai / parantu yaha avasthA prArambha meM nahIM hotI / pahile to manuSya yaha samajhatA hai ki saMyama kA pAlana karane se sacamuca maiM yahA~ baiThe baiThe hajAroM kosa kI saba cIjeM dekhane lagU~gA, tapa se AkAza meM ur3ane lagU~gA, banAnA aura bigAr3anA mere bAe~ hAtha kA khela ho jAyagA Adi / anta meM jaba use inakI prApti nahIM hotI aura udhara vaha dharma kA marma bhI nahIM samajha pAtA, taba vaha vyAkula ho jAtA hai vaha dharma para avizvasa karane lagatA hai ! isakA nAma hai adarzana - priss| jaina - zAstra kahate haiM ki yaha pariSada darzana - moha arthAta mithyAtva ke udaya se hotI hai / bAta bilakula satya hai / dharma kA marma nahIM samajhanA, yaha mithyAstra to hai hI / usI se yaha pariSaha hotI hai / isa pariSaha ko, vijaya, karane kA upAya yahI hai ki dharma kA marma samajhA jAya / usake kAryakAraNa bhAva kA ThIka ThIka patA lagAkara yaha vizvAsa kiyA jAya ki dharma kA phala bhautika jAnakArI tathA RddhiyA~ nahIM haiM, kintu Atmika jJAna tathA zAnti hai / isa taraha adarzana - parivaha vijaya karanA cAhiye | 1 para 1 maiM pahile kaha cukA hU~ ki paripahoM kI niyata saMkhyA banAne kI z2arUrata nahIM hai / pariSoM kI saMkhyA badalI mI jA sakatI hai / udAharaNArtha, lajjA parivaha hai / jaba eka AdamI sAdhu ho jAtA hai aura use apane hAtha se jhADU lagAnA par3atI hai, bartana

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[299 pariSaha-vijaya] malanA par3atA hai, kabhI mala-mUtra bhI sApha karanA par3atA hai to use ina kAmoM meM TanA AtI hai| parantu aisI lajA na AnA cAhiye - ise svAvalambana, senA aura ahiMsA kA kArya samjhakara prasanatA se karanA cAhiye / yaha lajA-pariSaha kA vijaya hai / isa prakAra aura bhI pariSaheM dUMhI jA sakatI haiN| dharma cAritramaya hai / isaliye usakA jitane dvAroM se vivecana kiyA jAe utanA hI thor3A hai / duHkha ko dUra karane tathA bhaviSya ke liye na Ane dene ke liye aneka upAyoM kA varNana jaina zAstroM meM kiyA gayA hai, unameM adhikAMza kI vivecanA yahA~ kara dI gaI hai| kucha upAya jAna bUjhakara chor3a diye jAte haiN| jaise cAritra ke gaca bheda hai sAmAyika chadopasthApanA Adi / abheda rUpa meM vrata lenA sAmAyika, bhada rUpa meM vrata lenA chedopasthApanA / Ajakala una bhedoM kI kaI vizeSa upayogitA nahIM hai, isaliye una para upekSA kI jAtI hai / gRhastha-dharma jaina zAkhoM meM ahiMsA aNuvrata Adi 16 vratoM ke nAma se gRhastha-dharma kA judA vivecana kiyA gayA hai sAdhAraNa zabdoM meM gRhasthoM kA dharma aNuvrata kahA jAtA hai / parantu aNuvrata aura mahAbata kI sImA kA varNana meM 'pUrNa aura apUrNa cAritra' zIrSaka ke nIce kara AyA hU~ / sAdhAraNata: zrAvaka kA aNuvrata ke sAtha aura muni kA mahAvata ke sAtha sambandha na jor3akara svataMtra rUpa meM hI inakI vyAkhyA karanA cAhiye, jaisI ki pahile maiMne kI hai| isaliye jaina zAstroM meM jo aNuvrata yA dezavrata ke nAma se kahe jAte haiM,

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300 [jainadharmamImAMsA unheM aNukta na kahakara gRhasthAta kahanA cAhiye / gRhasthoM ke bAraha vrata kahe gaye haiM / ahiMsA Adi pA~ca vrata to ve hI hai-jinakA pahile vivecana kiyA gayA hai / isake atirikta tIna guNatrata aura cAra zikSAbata aura hai / isameM se kucha to anAvazyaka hai| saMkSepa meM unakA vivecana kiyA jAtA hai| . guNavrata tIna haiM aura zikSAta cAra hai| aNuvrata meM vRddhi karanevAle vrata guNavrata haiM aura saMyama kI yA munidharma kI zikSA denevAle vrata zikSAkta haiN| yahA~ taka jaina zAstroM meM matabheda nahIM hai, parantu guNavrata aura zikSAbata ke nAmoM meM matabheda hai| eka mata-jisakA AcArya umAstrAti Adi ne ullekha kiyA hai-ke anusAra sAto kA krama yaha yaha hai| tIna guNavrata-digbata, dezavata, anarthadaMDavata / cAra zikSAbata-sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsa, upabhogaparibhogAparamANa, atithisavibhAga / ___guNavrata prAyaH jIvana bhara ke vrata * hote hai. aura zikSAprata prati dina ke abhyAsa ke kta hai / isa lakSaNa ke anusAra dezavitiko guNatrata meM zAmila nahIM kara sakate, parantu AcArya umAsvAti ne yaha parivartana kyoM kiyA isakA-ThIka ThIka ullekha mahI miltaa| patAmbara sampradAya kI Agama paramparA meM bhI deza -guNA aNuvratAmAmupakArArtha brAM guNavatama, digvityAdInAma. zuvratAnAhaNArthatvAt / tathA mayati zikSAbataM / zikSA abhyAsAya aMta daMzAvakAzikAdardAna! prAMtadiksAmyasanIyatvAt / ataeva muNavatAvasya bhedaH / junabataM hi prAyo vaavjaaNvikmaaH| - mAmARdharmAmRta TIkA -1

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gRhasthadharma ] virati ko guNavrata nahIM mAnA hai / kI sambhava hai ki AcArya umAsvAti ne guNavrata aura zikSA-vrata kA bheda kisI dUsarI dRSTi se kriyA ho / parantu vaha dRSTi ullikhita nahIM hai / sambhava hai ki unake ye vicAra hoM ki digvirati aura dezavirati eka hI DhaMga ke vrata haiM, isaliye unako eka hI zreNI meM rakhanA caahiye| dUsarI bAta yaha bhI kahI jA sakatI hai ki dezavirati meM koI aisI kriyA nahIM hai jo saMyama ke sAtha khAsa sambandha rakhatI ho / aNuvratI dRSTi se deza kI maryAdA bhale hI upayogI ho sakatI ho, parantu mahAvratI ke liye usakI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha maryAdA ke bAhara bhI pApa nahIM karatA tathA samasta naraloka meM bhramaNa kara sakatA hai, isaliye bhI dezavirati, saMyama kI zikSA ke liye upayogI nahIM mAlUma hotI / dignirati, dezavirati, anarthadaMDavirati ye tInoM hI vrata viratipradhAna arthAt niSedhapradhAna haiM / inameM kisI vidhAyaka kAryakrama kI mukhyatA nahIM mAluma hotI, isaliye bhI AcArya umAkhAti ko inheM eka hI zreNI meM rakhanA par3A ho / dUsarA mata jisakA ullekha AcArya samantabhadra Adi ne kiyA hai, usameM deza aura upabhogaparibhogaparimANa meM parivartana huA hai, arthAt dezagata zikSAmata meM zAmila hai aura upabhogaparibhogaparimANa, bhogopabhogaparimANa nAma se guNavata meM zAmila hai| isake atirikta thor3A-sA bheda yaha bhI hai ki AcArya samantabhadra ne atithisaMvibhAga ko vaimAvRtya kA nAma dekara isakI [ 301

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302] (jainadharma-mImAMsA vyAkhyA kucha vyApaka kara dI hai| isameM aura bhI aneka prakAra kI . sevA kA samAveza kara diyA gayA hai / isa viSaya meM tIsarA mata AcArya kuMda-kuMda Adi kA hai unake guNavata to AcArya samantabhadra ke samAna haiM, parantu zikSAbatoM meM dezAvakAzika ke sthAna para sallekhanA kA nAma hai| inake matAnusAra dezAtrakAzika arthAt dezavirati ko na guNavrata meM sthAna hai na zikSAbata meM, aura sallekhanA nAmaka nayA brata AyA hai / yadyapi sallekhanA kA ullekha anya AcAryoM ne bhI kiyA hai, parantu isako vAraha vratoM se bAhara rakhA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki yaha vrata gRhasthoM ke liye hI nahIM kintu sAdhuoM ke liye bhI hai, tathA marate samaya hI isakI upayogitA hai-sAdhAraNa jIvana meM isakA kucha upayoga nahIM hai| AcArya vamunandI ne zikSAtoM ko sabase bhinna rUpa diyA hai| unane bhogopabhogaparimANa brata ke do Tukar3e karake unako dI bata banA diyA hai-bhogavirati aura paribhogavirati / phira atithisaMvibhAga aura sallekhanA ko lekara cAra zikSAbanA kara diye haiN| sAmAyika aura proSadhopavAsabata kA to bahiSkAra hI kara diyA hai| na kevalam dAnameva vaiyAvRtyamucyate Apatu-vyAnidhyapanodaH padayA: saMvAhana ca guNarAgAt / vaiyAvRttyaM yAvAnupagraho'nyo'pisaM yAminAm / 4.21 / | lngkaakaabaa| * sAmAiyaM ca padama vidiyaM ca taheva posahaM bhaNiyaM tasyaM ca atihipurja cauttha sahehaNA ante / cAritra prAbhUta 25 / tamoya viraha mANamaM paTamaMsikvAvayaM ske| "taM parimoyANivRtti viditaM ... / paTekhaNaMca utthaM ..... | -vamanadIzrAvakAcAra

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gRhasthadharma [ 303 isake atirikta aura bhI bahuta se mata hai jinameM yA to batoM kI thor3I bahuta paribhASA badala dI gaI hai, athavA guNavatI meM eka AcArya kA anukaraNa kiyA gayA hai aura zikSAbrato meM kisI dUsare AcArtha kA anukaraNa kiyA gayA hai|| ina matabhedoM kA mukhya kAraNa dezakAla kA bheda hai / guNavata aura zikSAvata kI paribhASA bhI jaisI cAhiye vaisI spaSTa nahIM hai, isaliye bhI aneka vrata vargIkaraNa meM ghara ke udhara ho gaye haiN| isa viSaya meM aneka AcArya to cuppI sAdhakara raha gaye haiM aura anekoM ne anizcita rUpa meM bheda dikhalAyA hai / 'prAyaH' zabda kA prayoga karake unane lakSaNa-bheda ko aspaSTa kara diyA hai| bAstava meM vahA~ aspaSTatA kA kAraNa bhI hai / jaise-guNatrata ke bheda agara isase kiye jAyeM ki unameM jIvana bhara ke liye vrata liye jAte haiM aura isaliye dezavirati ko guNavrata se bAhara kara diyA jAya to bhogApabhogagarimANavata bhI amuka aMza meM alaga kara denA par3egA, athavA usake eka aMza ko guNatrata aura dusare aMza ko zikSAbata mAnanA par3egA, kyoMki bhogopabhoga parimANavata meM yama aura niyama donoM kA vidhAna hai| yama jIvanaparyanta rahatA hai aura niyama * meM samaya kI maryAdA rahatI hai| - - $ niyamoyamaya vihitoM dveSA bhogopbhogsNhaare| niyamaH parimitakAlo yAvajI yamI bhite / 3.41.ra.ka. pA. * adya divA rajanI vA pakSo mAsastatha rayanaM vA / itikAlapiikattyA matyArayAnaM maveniyamaH

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30 [ jainadharma-mImAMsA sAMgAradharmAmRta TIkA meM zikSAbata kI eka aura paribhASA - dI gaI hai ki vizeSa zrutajJAna kI bhAvanArUpa pariNati jinameM hotI hai ve zikSAbata haiN| dezAvakAzika Adi meM viziSTa zrutajJAna kI bhAvanA kI AvazyakatA hotI hai / parantu yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki dezAvakAzika kI apekSA anarthadaNDavirati meM zratajJAna kI bhAvanA adhika apekSita hai / taba use guNavata kyoM mAnA jAya ! proSadhopavAsa meM balki usase kama apekSita hai, taba se guNavrata meM kyoM na rakkhA jAya ! isaliye yaha bheda bhI ThIka nahIM hai| saca to yaha hai ki guNavrata aura zikSAvrata-yaha bheda hI kucha nirarthaka-sA mAlUma hotA hai| sabhI kA nAma zikSAvrata honA caahiye| vetAmbara AgamoM meM jaba kisI zrAvaka ke bAraha vrata lene kA ullekha AtA hai taba vaha yahI kahatA hai ki maiM pA~ca aNuvrata aura sAta zikSAbata letA huuN| vaha tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAbata nahIM bolatA; yadyapi pachi ke zvetAmbara-sAhitya meM guNavata aura zikSAbata kA bheda milatA hai / isase mAlUma hotA hai ki guNavrata zikSA vrata kA bheda pIche se AyA hai| parantu Akara ke bhI vaha ThIka ThIka nahIM bana skaa| khaira, yahA~ inakI gaharI mImAMsA karane kI z2arUrata nahIM raha * zikSApradhAnaM vrataM zikSAprataM ! dezAvakAzikAdeviziSTa zrutamAnamAvanApa riNatatvenaca nirvAyatvAt / 4.41 * ahaM NaM devANuppiyANaM antie paMcANuvvaiyaM sata silAvavAyaM duvAlasavihaM gihithamma paarivaasjissaami| -uvAsagadasA 1-12 /

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gRhastha-dharma ) [ 305 jAtI / parantu isase isa bAta kA phira eka bAra samarthana hotA hai ki jainAcArya bhI AcAra-zAstra kI paramparA bhUla gaye the aura ve samayAnusAra svecchA se naye vidhAna banAte the| ve purAnI paramparA mUle yA na bhUleM, parantu samayAnusAra ucita vidhAna banAne tathA unameM parivartana karane kA prayatna ucita hai| ina sAtoM vratoM ko zIla bhI kahate haiM / vratoM ke rakSaNa karane ke liye jo upa vrata banAye jAte hai-unheM zIlA kahate haiM / isaliye inakI zIlasaMjJA bhI ThIka hai| ___ aba yahA~ maiM una vanoM kI AlocanA kara denA cAhatA hU~, jisase mAlUma ho jAya ki isa samaya kauna-sA vrata upayogI hai ! aura kAnamA nahIM ? Ajakala ina zIloM yA zikSAtratoM kI saMkhyA kitanI rakhanA cAhiye ! digvirati- amuka dizA meM itanI dUra jAU~gA, isase adhika na jAU~gA-isa prakAra jIvana bhara ke liye maryAdA baaNdhn| digvirati hai / manuSya maryAdA ke bAhara paM.ca pApoM se bacA rahatA hai, isa dRSTi se isa vrata kI upayogitA batAI jAtI hai / isa prakAra ahiMsAdi aNuvratoM kI vRddhi kA kAraNa hone se yaha guNa vata kahalAtA hai / yahAM taka ki maryAdA ke bAhara pA~ca pApoM se pUrNa nivRtti paridhaya iva nagarANi batAni phila pAlayanti zIlAni / vratapAlanAya tasmAnchIlAnyapi pAlanIyAni / puruSArthasiddhayapAya 13 //

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- 306] (jainadharma-mImAMsA rahatI hai, isaliye use maryAdA ke bAhara upacAra se mahAvatI* bhI kaha diyA hai / yadyapi sAtha meM yaha bAta bhI kaha dI hai ki usameM mahAvratI ke samAna mandakaSAyatA na hone se vaha vAstava meM mahAvatI nahIM hai, phira bhI upacarita mahAvrata kahanA bhI kama mahatva kI bAta nahIM hai| zramaNa saMskRti ke anusAra nivRtti mArga kA abhyAsa karAne ke liye isa vrata kI thor3I-sI upayogitA thI, parantu vAstavika upayogitA nahIM ke barAbara hai / eka manuSya himAlaya ke usa pAra agara hiMsA na kare aura deza ke bhItara saba kucha kare, isaliye vaha vratI nahIM ho jAtA-pApa kA kSetra kama ho jAne se pApa kama nahIM ho jAtA / mAnA ki isa vrata ke pahile manuSya ko aguvatI honA Avazyaka hai, parantu aNuvratI rahakara bhI manuSya jitanA pApa maryAdA ke bAhara kara sakatA hai, utanA maryAdita kSetra meM bhI kara sakatA hai| isaliye isa vrata ko vrata-rUpa na mAnanA cAhiye / balki Ajakala to isase nukasAna hI hai, kyoMki Aja sArI pRthvI eka bAz2Ara yA gAMva ke samAna ho gaI hai / yAtAyAta ke itane sAdhana bar3ha gaye hai, sAkSAt yA parampaga-rUpa meM hamArA jIvana sArI pRthvI ke sAtha isa taraha guMtha gayA hai ki hamArA sabase asambaddha hokara rahanA azakya. prAya ho gayA hai / hameM sevA ke liye, vikAsa ke liye, sImA ke * avahirazupApa prati viratadigvatAni dhArayatAm / paJca mahAvratapariNatimaNuvratAni prapadyante / 24 / pratyAkhyAnatanutvAnmandatAvaraNa mAha pariNAmAH / satvena duravadhArA: mahAvatAya prapadyante / 25 / -lakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra

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gRhasthadharma ) [ 307 bhItara kaida na rahanA cAhiye / eka ta purAne jamAne kI taraha nivRtipradhAna bananA kaThina hai, phira ekAnta-nivRtti hI to dharma nahIM hai| dharma kI eka bAjU nivRtti hai aura dUsarI bAjU pravRtti hai, isaliye bhI isako vrata-rUpa meM rakhane kI koI z2arUrata nahIM hai / dezavirati-yaha vrata bhI digvirati ke samAna dizAoM kI maryadA banAne ke liye hai / antara itanA hI hai ki digvirati kI maryAdA jIvana bhara ke liye hotI hai aura isakI maryAdA amuka samaya ke liye hotI hai / imaliye isakA kSetra bhI choTA rahatA hai| isameM dina do-dina Adi ke liye maryAdA lI jAtI hai, isaliye choTe kSetra kI rahatI hai / AcArya samantabhadra ne isakA nAma dezAbakAzika rakkhA hai / dezavata yA dezavirati kahane se kabhI kabhI bAraha hI vratoM kA bhAna hotA hai, isaliye sAmAnya dezavata aura isa vizeSa dezavrata meM antara nahIM mAlUma hotA, isaliye isakA nAma dezAvavAzika kara diyA, yaha TIka hI kiyA hai / parantu jina kAraNoM se dignata anAvazyaka yA-unhIM kAraNoM se yaha bhI anAvazyaka hai| anartha-daMDavirati-nirarthaka pApoM kA tyAga anartha-daMDavi. rati hai / parantu nirarpaka meM jo 'artha' zabda hai-usakA artha anizcita hai / aneka jainAcAryoM ne isa vrata ke nAma para itanI adhika bAtoM kA ullekha kara diyA hai aura unake vyAvahArika rUpoM ko itanA aspaSTa rakkhA hai ki ise vrata-rUpa meM svIkAra karanA kaThina ho jAtA hai / bahuta se logoM ke mata meM aisA bhrama hai ki vAsthya ke liye vAyu-sevana karanA, tairanA, daur3anA, kUdanA Adi bhI

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308 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA anartha-daMDa hai / agara ina saba bAtoM ko anartha-daMDa na mAnA jAya, to dUsarI tarapha yaha prazna uThatA hai ki taba anartha-daMDa kyA hai, jisakA tyAga kiyA jAya ? manuSya kI pratyeka kriyA meM artha aura kAma kA sAkSAta yA paramparA sambandha rahatA hI hai-isaliye nirarthaka pApa kisI ko bhI nahIM kaha sakate / isa prazna kI isa taraha jaTilatA rahane para bhI yaha bAta nizcita hai ki yaha eka vrata hai / isase ahiMsA Adi vratoM kA bahuta kucha saMrakSaNa ho sakatA hai| hA~, isakI sApekSatA vizAla hone se isa para gambhIratA se vicAra karane kI AvazyakatA hai AcArya umAsvAti ne isa prakaraNa meM 'artha' zabda kA artha kiyA hai 'upabhoga-paribhoga' / isase jo bhinna ho arthAt jisase upabhoga- paribhoga na hotA ho vaha anartha haiN| isake liye jo daMDapravRtti mana-vacana-kAya ko kiyA ho vaha anarthadaMDa hai / usakA tyAga anartha daMDavirati nAma kA vrata hai / * upabhoga aura paribhoga meM pA~ca indriyoM ke vrata Ate haiM, kintu indriyA~ pA~ca hI nahIM haiM, chaH haiN| mana eka mahAna indriya hai, isakA viSaya bhI vizAla hai - isaliye 'artha' zabda kA artha karate samaya isake viSaya ko bhI dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye / bahuta se kAma aise haiM ki jo saSTa ho anartha daMDa mAlUma hote haiN| jaise hamAre hAtha meM lakar3I hai aura rAste meM koI pazu khar3A hai to bahuta se loga binA kisI prayojana ke yA Avezavaza * upamAMga paribhogI asyAgAriNo'rthaH / tayatirikto'narthaH / - ta0 mAsya - 7- 16 /

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gRhastha-dharma ] use lakar3I mAra dete haiM / isase na to indriyoM kI santuSTi hai aura na koI svAsthya vagairaha kA lAbha hai, isaliye yaha anarthadaNDa hai| aisI vRtti kA tyAga honA cAhiye / yadyapi hamAre dvArA choTI-choTI pravRttiyA~ isa prakAra kI hotI rahatI haiM ki unake binA bhI hamArA kAma cala sakatA hai, parantu anicchA se ve ho jAtI haiM / jaise, eka manuSya khar3e-khar3e paira hilA rahA hai, uGgalI calA rahA hai / usakA yaha kAma nirarthaka hai / phira bhI aise choTe-choTe kAmoM ko anartha nahIM kahanA cAhiye, kyoMki ye zarIra kI svAbhAvika kriyA ke samAna anicchA se hote isI prakAra kabhI kabhI manovinoda ke liye bhI hameM aisA kAma karanA par3atA hai| jo ki bAhirI dRSTi se Avazyaka nahIM mAlUma hotA. use bhI anarthadaNDa meM na rakhanA cAhiye / isa prakAra kI bAtoM para vicAra karane ke bAda bhI yaha kahanA ucita hai ki anartha daMDa-virati eka brata hai| isa vrata kI upayogitA yaha hai ki hama apanI pratyeka pravRtti ke phalAphala para vicAra karanA sIkheM, aura jina pravRttiyoM se hAni ke badale lAbha kama ho, puNya kI apekSA pApa adhika ho, unakA tyAga kreN| ahiMsAdi bratoM ke varNana meM jo hiMsA Adi ke apavAda batAye gaye haiM unakA durupayoga na ho jAya isake liye yaha anarthadaMDa virati hai / isa prakAra natoM kA saMrakSaka hone se yaha vrata zIla-rUpa hai, zikSAtrata hai| anarthadaNDa-virati meM jina jina anarthoM ke tyAga karane kA vidhAna hai-unako pA~ca bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| pApopadeza,

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31.] [jainadharma-mImAMsA hiMsAdAna, apadhyAna, pramAdacaryA aura duHzruti / / ___ pApopadeza-jo kAma pApa-rUpa haiM-unakA upadeza denA pApopadeza hai| hama meM aneka AdateM aisI rahatI hai-jo burI hotI haiM aura jinheM hama bhI burI samajhate haiM, phira bhI unakA jAnabUjhakara yA lAparvAhI se pracAra karate haiM / eka bIr3I pInevAlA dusare ko bIr3I kA zauka lagAyagA, yadyapi vaha jAnatA hai ki yaha hAnikara hai-yaha pApopadeza hai / jo bAta burI hai usako agara hama svArthavaza yA kamajorI se tyAga nahIM sakate to kama se kama itanA z2arUra karanA cAhiye ki hamAre dvArA unakA pracAra na ho| kauna-sA kArya pApa hai aura kauna-sA pApa nahIM hai, isa viSaya kA nirNaya karane ke liye pahile jo pA~coM pApoM kI aura vratoM kI AlocanA kI gaI hai usa para dhyAna denA cAhiye / / pApopadeza se apanA koI lAbha nahIM hai, kintu dUsaroM kA adhaHpatana hai, isaliye isakA tyAga karanA cAhiye / zaMkA- agara kisI pApopadeza se apanA lAbha ho, svArtha siddha hotA ho to kyA kaha pApopadeza nahIM hai ! kyA svArthiyoM ko pApopadeza kI chUTa hai ! uttara-pApopadeza to vaha bhI hai, parantu vaha pApapadeza anarthadaNDa nahIM hai / yaha sambhava hai ki anarthadaNDa se bhI bar3hakara usakA pApa ho, parantu yahA~ to itanA hI vicAra karanA hai ki eka taraha kA pApa agara sArthaka aura nirarthaka kiyA jAya to sArthaka kI apekSA nirarthaka adhika burA hai| aneka jaina lekhakoM ne pApopadeza ke nAma para kRSi Adi ke

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gRhasthadharma] [111 upadeza dene kA niSedha kiyA hai, parantu yaha nivRtyekAntavAda kA phala hai / jisako hama nyAyya aura Avazyaka vRtti kaha sakate hai, . usake viSaya meM upaTeza bhI de sakate haiM / manuSya ke jIvana nirvAha ke liye jaba kRSi Adi bhAvazyaka hai, taba usakA pracAra karanA unameM sudhAra karane tathA satarka rahane kA upadeza denA ucita hai| ite pApopadeza na samajhanA cAhiye / hA~, zikAra vagairaha saMkalpIhiMsA Adi kA upadeza avazya pApopadeza hai| pIche ke jaina lekhakoM ko bhI pApopadeza ke ayavA anartha-daNDa ke artha meM saMzodhana karanA Avazyaka mAlUma huA hai-isIliye hemacandAcArya ne * kahA hai ki pArasparika vyavahAra ke sivAya dUsare sthAnoM para aisA upadeza na denA cAhiye, arthAt pArasparika vyavahAra meM aisA upadeza anartha-daNDa nahIM hai| isa saMzodhana se pApopadeza kI vyAkhyA karIba karIba ThIka ho jAtI hai| pArasparika vyavahAra ko bAta unane hiMsAdAna ke viSaya meM bhI kI hai, jisakA anukaraNa paM. AzAdharajI ne bhI sAgAra-dharmAmRta meM kiyA hai / haoN. yahA~ itanI bAta aura kahanA hai ki udAra-carita manuSya ke liye sArA jagat vyavahAra kA viSaya hai, aura pratyeka manuSyako udAra honA cAhiye / isaliye jo kAma samAja ke liye Avazyaka hai, vaha pArasparika vyavahAra ke viSaya meM ho yA aviSaya meM, isakA vicAra hI na karanA cAhiye / matalaba yaha hai ki nivRtti * vRSabhAna damaya, kSetraM kRSa, SaDaya vAjinaH / / dAkSiNyAviSayaM pApopadezoyaM na pujjate / -yogazAstra 3-73 /

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312] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA .mArga para bahuta adhika bhAra DAla dene se jo Avazyaka pravRtti para . bhI avahelanA ho gaI hai-use dUra karake anarthadaNDa kA tyAga karanA caahiye| hiMsAdAna-hiMsA karane ke liye usake sAdhanoM kA dAna karanA hiMsAdAna hai| jina cIjoM se hiMsA ho sakatI hai-unakA dAna karanA hiMsAdAna nahIM, kintu hiMsA ke liye unakA dAna karanA hiMsAdAna hai / aneka loga hiMsAdAna ke nAma para apane par3ausI ko yA kisI aparicita ko rasoI banAne ke liye bhI agni nahIM dete; yaha bhUla hai| kevala zastra kA vicAra na karanA cAhiye, kintu usake upayoga kA vicAra karanA cAhiye / zAka banAne ke liye agara koI cAkU mAMge to cAkU denA yaha hiMsAdAna nahIM hai kintu kisI ko mArane ke liye cAkU denA hiMsAdAna hai| hA~, kabhI kabhI hiMsA, ahiMsA hotI hai, jaisA ki pahile kahA jA cukA hai| aisI avasthA meM hiMsA ke liye dAna bhI. hiMsAdAna nahIM hai| eka strI ko isaliye kaTAra dI jAya ki agara usake satItva para koI AkramaNa kare to usase vaha AtmarakSA kare, to yaha hiMsAdAna nahIM hai| isa prakAra ke ucita hiMsAdAna ko anayaMdaMDa na kahanA cAhiye, aura na isa viSaya meM yaha vicAra karanA cAhiye ki yaha dAna paricita ke liye hai yA aparicita ke liye ! jaina lekhakoM ne hiMsAdAna ke viSaya meM bhI yaha kahA hai ki pArasparika vyavahAra ke

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gRhasthadharma ] [ 313 bAhara hiptAdAna* anucita hai / parantu bhalAI ke liye pArasparikavyavahAra kA kSetra samagra vizva hai| jina logoM ne rasoI banAne ke liye bhI agni dene kI manAI kI hai unane eka prakAra se nivRtyekAnta kA poSaNa kiyA hai jo ki anucita hai| prazna- jo loga yuddha kI sAmagrI banAne yA becane kA dhandhA karate haiM aura apanA vyApAra camakAne ke liye do rAjyoM ko lar3ane ko uttejita karate haiM, rASTrIyatA kA aisA mohaka-saMgIta sunAte haiM ki jisase mohita hokara aneka rAjya hariNa kI taraha yuddha ke jAla meM phaMsa jAte haiM, unakA yaha kArya anarthadaMDa kahalAyagA ki nahIM ? yadi nahIM to jagat meM Apa hiMsAdAna kisI ko bhI nahIM kaha sakeMge / yadi hA~, to isameM anarthadaMDa kI paribhASA kahA~ jAtI hai ? kyoMki anarthadaMDa to usa pApa ko kahate haiM jisa se apanA koI prayojana siddha na hotA ho / parantu rAjyoM ko lar3Ane se to zastrAstra ke vyApAriyoM kA vyApAra camakatA hai| uttara- vAstava meM vaha bhayaMkara. pApa anartha-daMDa kI paribhASA meM nahIM AtA, parantu vaha hai hiMsAdAna avazya / vaha anarthadaMDa-rUpa nahIM hai, kintu usase bhI bar3hakara ghora-hiMsArUpa hai / aise loga to mahA-hiMsaka haiN| apadhyAna--pApa kI saphalatA kI tathA puNya ke parAjaya . * yaMtra lAgala zamAmi mUzalodUkhalAdika / dAkSiNyAviSaye hiMsA nArpayet krunnaaprH| -yogazAkha 3.77 // hiMsAdAnaM viSAstrAdi hiMsAkasparzanaM tyajet / pAkApardha ca nAgnyAdi daakssinnyaavissye'rpyet| - sAgAradharmAmRta 5.8 //

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31.] [jainadharma-mImAMsA kI icchA karanA, isI ke anusAra ghaTanAoM para vicAra karanA , apadhyAna hai / dhyAna karane se kisI kA hAni lAma to ho nahIM jAtA, isaliye vaha nirarthaka to hai hI, aura pApa rUpa hai, isaliye anarthadaMDa kahalAyA / nyAya yA nyAyI ke jaya aura anyAya yA anyAyI ke parAjaya ke vicAra apadhyAna nahIM hai / jaise rAma-gavaNa ke yuddha meM rAma kI jaya aura rAvaNa ke parAjaya ke vicAra apadhyAna. rUpa nahIM haiM / sAdhAraNataH rAga-dveSa ke vicAroM se apane ko mukta rakhanA cAhiye, parantu nyAyarakSaNa aura anyAya kA nAza duniyA kI bhalAI ke liye Avazyaka hai, isaliye vaisA vicAra apadhyAna nahIM hai| pramAdacaryA-nirarthaka jamIna khodanA, agni jalAnA Adi pramAdacarya nAmaka anarthadaMDa hai / bahuta se lekhakoM ne vAyu-sevana Adi ko bhI pramAdacaryA batalA diyA hai, parantu yaha ThIka nahIM hai| svAsthya tathA manovinoda ke liye mAtrA ke bhItara kucha kAma kiye jAyeM to vaha pramAdaryA nahIM hai| duHzrati-aisI bAtoM kA sunanA yA par3hanA jisase mana meM vikAra to paidA hote haiM, kintu na to mAnasika unnati hotI hai, na koI dUsarA lAbha hotA hai, duHzruti hai / saMzodhana ke liye yA adhyayana ke liye par3hanA duHzruti nahIM hai / bahuta se lekhakoM ne dusare sampradAyoM ke grantha par3hane ko bhI duHzruti kahA hai / yaha sAmpradAyika saMkucitatA anucita hai| zvetAmbara sampradAya meM isa duHzruti nAmaka apadhyAna kA

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gRhasthadharma ] [ 315 nAma nahIM AtA hai / uvAsagadasA sUtra meM cAra hI anarthadaMDoM kA ullekha hai / isase mAlUma hotA hai ki pahile duHzruti nAma kA anarthadaMDa nahIM mAnA jAtA thA; pIche se usakI z2arUrata mAlUma hone lagI / athavA kaTTara sAmpradAyikatA kA bhI yaha phala ho sakatA hai | zvetAmbara sampradAya meM yaha saMkhyA to cAra hI rahI, kintu duHzruti kA kAma pramAdacaryA se hI le liyA gayA / isIliye hemacandracArya ne pramAdacaryA ke bhItara hI duHzruti ko zAmila 3 kara liyA hai / prakAra hai ki thor3e dhyAna lagAkara sthira sAmAyika - thor3e samaya ke liye saba pApoM kA tyAga kara denA sAmAyika hai / parantu isakA rivAz2a isa samaya ke liye amuka Asana lagAkara manuSya ho jAtA hai; kucha mantra kA jApa bhI kiyA jAtA hai / isa prakAra dina meM tIna bAra - subaha, dupahara aura saMdhyA ko -- sAmAyika kA vidhAna hai / bahuta se sthAnoM para yaha vidhAna rivAz2a meM pariNata ho gayA hai / tIna bAra to nahIM kintu do bAra yA eka bAra loga samAyika karate haiM / jisako phurasata ho vaha tIna se bhI adhika bAra sAmAyika * tayANantaraM ca paM caucciha apaTTAdaNDaM pacakkhAi / taM jahA avajJANA pariyaM pramAyAyariyaM hiMsappayANa, pAvakamamatrae / 1-43 / # kutuhalAdgIta nRtya nATakAdi nirakSiNaM / kAmazAstra prasaktiva dyUtamadyAdisevanaM / 3-78 | torisdolanAdi vinodo jaMtu godhanaM ripoH stAdinA vairaM bhalI dezarAda kathA / 3-79 | yogazAstra |

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316.]. [jainadharma-mImAMsA kare, parantu sAdhAraNataH isa yA aise hI kisI eka kAma ke liye dina meM eka bAra samaya denA kAphI hai / isaliye sAdhAraNataH eka bAra kA rivAz2a honA cAhiye / vizeSa avasaroM para eka se adhika bAra kiyA jAya to acchA hai| sAmAyika meM mantra par3hane kA rivAja anAvazyaka hai| isakI apekSA vaha kartavyAkartavya kA vicAra kare, pratikramaNa kare--yahI acchA hai / athavA jisa bhASA ko vaha samajhatA ho usa bhASA meM hRdaya ko AkarSita karanevAle padya par3he to acchA hai ! itane bAra amuka nAma bolanA cAhiye, ityAdi niyama samaya kA durupayoga karAte haiM, kyoMki nAmoM ke ginane meM hI usakA samaya naSTa ho jAtA hai| hA~, yaha sambhava hai ki purAne samaya meM samaya mApane ke vizaSe sAdhana na hone se samaya-mApaka yantra ke rUpa meM nAmoM kI ginatI rakkhI gaI ho; parantu Aja usakI jarUrata nahIM hai| jaba taka vicAroM kI dhArA ThIka calatI rahe, taba taka use baiThanA cAhiye athavA ghar3I se samaya kA nirNaya kara baiThanA cAhie / yadyapi nAmoM kA ginanA Adi bhI citta sthira karane meM sahAyaka hotA hai, parantu usa sthiratA kA kucha mUlya nahIM hai jo jIvana ke liye upayogI koI pAramArthika lAbha na detI ho| proSadhopavAsa- sAdhAraNataH isake tIna nAma milate haiMproSadhopavAsa, pauSadhopavAsa aura poSadhavata / pahilA nAma digambara sampradAya meM pracalita hai, kintu usake artha karane meM lekhakoM meM mata

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mRhasthavarma] [317 bheda hai / pUjyapAda aura akalaMka * Adi AcArya proSadha' zabda kA artha parva-divasa-aSTamI caturdazI karate haiM, aura parva ke dinoM meM upavAsa karane ko proSadhopavAsa kahate haiM / 'proSadha' zabda ke artha meM samantabhadrAcArya kA mata judA hai / ve kahate haiM ki upavAsa ke pahile dina meM eka bAra bhojana karanA propadha hai / pahile proSadha (eka bAra bhojana karanA) karanA, phira upavAsa karanA, isa prakAra proSadhopavAsa hotA hai| samantabhadrAcArya kA mata zvetAmbara sampradAya ke mata se bhI nahIM milatA; svatAmbara sampradAya meM jo mata pracalita hai vahI pUjyapAda Adi digambarAcAryoM ko bhI svIkRta hai / artha eka hai - parantu zabda meM thor3A pharaka hai / zvetAmbara sampradAya meM 'proSadha' nahIM kintu 'poSadha' pATha hai| pahile jamAne meM upavAsa kA adhika mahatva thA isaliye yaha eka vrata banA diyA gayA / parantu Aja isa vrata kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| upavAsa karanA ThIka hai, parantu niyamita vrata ke rUpa meM nhiiN| zarIra meM vikAra vagairaha hone para upavAsa karanA caahiye| pIche bhI isa vrata kI AvazyakatA kA kama anubhava hone lagA thaa| isaliye sAgAradharmAmRta Adi graMthoM meM halakA bhojana karane kA * proSadhazabdaH parvaparyAyavAcI / proSadhe upavAsaH proSadhopavAsaH / ta. rAja. vA0 7-21-7 caturAhAra visarjanamupavAsaH proSadhaH sadbhuktiH sa proSadhopavAso ya. dupopyAraMbhamAcarati / rana* zrAvakAcAra | 4-19 pauSadhaH patyanAntaram / tatvArthamAnya 7.16 / + upavAsAkSamaH kAryo'nupabAsastadakSabhaiH , AcAmla nirvikRtyAdi zaktyA hi aise tapaH / 5-35 / -

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318] [jainadharma-mImAMsA bhI vidhAna hai, kyoMki zakti ke anusAra tapa karanA hI kalyANa , kArI hai| sAdhAraNataH niyama aisA rakhanA cAhiye ki saptAha meM eka dina ekAzana kiyA jAya, aura ekAzana meM bhI pratidina ke samAna sAdA bhojana kiyA jAya-yahI proSadhopavAsa hai| upabhoga-paribhoga-parimANa - yahA~ para 'upabhoga' zabda kA artha hai, indriyoM ke ve viSaya jo eka hI bAra bhAge jA sakate hai, jaise-roTI, pAnI, gandha, dravya Adi / 'paribhoga' kA artha hai-indriyoM ke ve viSaya jo eka bAra bhoga karake phira bhI bhoge jA sakate haiM, jaise-vana Adi * / parantu anya jagaha upabhoga ke artha meM bhoga zabda kA aura paribhoga ke artha meM upabhoga zabda kA vyavahAra huA hai| Azcarya to yaha hai ki eka hI pustaka meM isa prakAra zabdoM kI gaDabar3I pAI jAtI hai| isa viSaya meM pahile hI kaha cukA hU~ ki isa prakAra ke parimANa kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| balki amuka vastuoM kA tyAga kara dene se zeSa vastuoM kI mA~ga tIvra ho jAtI hai-isase adhikatara apane ko aura dUsaroM ko parezAnI uThAnI par3atI hai / isaliye AvazyakatA hone para isa niyama ko kisI dUsare hI rUpa meM lenA - - * upetya bhujyate iti upabhogaH / ashnpaangndhmaalyaadiH| 7.21.8 parityajya bhujyate iti parimogaH / AcchAdanaprAvaraNAra kArazayanAnagRhayAna vAhanAdiH / 7-21-9 / / 0 rAja vA. gaMdhamAlyAziraHsnAnavasAnnapAnAdiSu mogavyavahAraH zayanAsanAMganA hastyAvaraNyAdipamogavyapaMdazaH / 8-13-3 ta0 rAjavArtika /

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gRhasthadharma ] [ 319 cAhiye / ise gaNanA kI maryAdA banA lenA cAhie ki Aja pA~ca yA dasa vastuoM se adhika na lU~gA, jisase ki apane ko yA dUsaroM ko bahuta parezAnI na uThAnA pdd'e| hA~, dUsare rUpa meM bhI isa vrata kA pAlana kiyA jA sakatA hai| jo vastue~ hiMsA-janya haiM tathA AdhyAtmika aura Adhibhautika dRSTi se hAnikAraka haiM, unakA tyAga karanA cAhie / AcArya aka. laGka ne isakA bahuta hI sundara kama pA~ca bhAgoM meM batalAyA hai| ve bhoga saMkhyAna ke ve pA~ca bheda batAte haiM-sa-vadha, pramAda, bahuvadha, aniSTa, anupasevya / calate-phirate prANiyoM ke nAza se jo cIz2a taiyAra hotI hai usakA tyAga pahile karanA cAhie / isameM mAMsa kA nAma hI ThIka taura se liyA jAtA hai / usakA tyAga avazya kre| hRdaya ko vikSipta karanevAlI zarAba Adi kA tyAga dUsarA hai / tIsarI zreNI jainAcAryoM ke prANizAstra ke jJAna kI apekSA se hai / amuka vanaspatiyoM meM ananta sthAvara jIva rahate haiM, isalie unakA tyAga karanA cAhie / isa viSaya meM saMzodhana kI jo AvazyakatA hai usakA z2ikara maiM pahile kara cukA huuN| vahIM yaha bAta kahI hai ki banaspati kA bhI isa DhaMga se upayoga ma karanA cAhie jisase usa kA vighAta to adhika ho aura lAbha kama ho / jo vastu apane zarIra ke liye hAnikara hai-vaha aniSTa hai| sAdhAraNataH viSa Adi ko aniSTa kaha sakate haiM, parantu jude-jude prANiyoM ke liye judA-judA hI 'aniSTa' hogaa| isaliye kisI vastu kA nAma nahIM liyA jA sakatA / isase yaha bAta samajha meM

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320 [ jainadharma-mImAMsA A jAtI hai ki svAsthya kI rakSA rakhanA bhI dharma kI rakSA karanA hai / nirogI manuSya apanI aura jagat kI sevA karatA hai, yahI to dharma hai| ___ jisa vastu kA sevana ziSTa sammata nahIM hai, ghRNita hai, vaha anupasevya hai| isa prakAra upabhoga-paribhoga-parimANa yA bhogopabhoga parimANa nAmaka zIla kA pAlana karanA caahiye| prazna--bhogApabhogaparimANa ko zIla meM kyA rakhA ? ise to aparigraha ke sthAna para mUla-vrata banAnA cAhiye thA; kyoMki bhaugopabhoga hI sAre anarthoM kI jar3a hai| samAdhAna--adhika bhogopabhoga aura adhika parigraha ye donoM hI pApa haiM, parantu adhika parigraha bar3A pApa hai ! jagata meM jo bekArI phaitI hai, tathA dUsaroM ko bhUkhoM maranA par3atA hai, tathA manuSya adhika pApa karatA hai-usakA kAraNa parigraha kA saMcaya hai| isakA vizeSa vivecana aparigraha ke prakaraNa meM kiyA gayA hai| atithi vibhAga- sadguNI tathA samAjasevI manuSyoM ko sthAna bhojana Adi denA atithisaMvibhAga hai / tyAga-dharma ke varNana meM isakA vizeSa vivecana ho cukA hai| yahA~ kisI bhI prakAra kI anucita saMkucitatA se kAma na lenA cAhiye / AcArya samantabhadra ne isakA nAma vaiyAvRtya rakkhA hai, aura usakA artha bhI vyApaka kiyA hai| usakA bhI yathAyogya samAveza kara lenA caahiye| vartamAna yuga meM nimnalikhita sAta zIlA kI yA zikSAtoM kI

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gRhastha-dharma ] [ 321 * z2arUrata hai: 1- pratikramaNa ( sAmAyika Adi ), 2- svAdhyAya, 3atithisevA, 4--dAna ( apanI AmadanI meM se amuka bhAga samAjopayogI kAryoM meM kharca karanA ), 5 bhogopabhoga parisaMkhyAna, anartha-daMDa- virati, 7 proSadha ( saptAha meM eka dina ekAzana karanA ) atithi sevA aura dAna ye donoM vaiyAvRtya kI vyApaka vyAkhyA meM A jAte haiM, parantu donoM kI upayogitA pRthak pRthak hai aura donoM para jora denA hai, isaliye alaga alaga ullekha kiyA hai / sabakI vyAkhyA ho cukI hai sAta zIoM ke viSaya meM itanI bAta aura dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye ki ye pA~ca aNuvratoM ke rakSaNa ke liye to haiM hI, sAtha hI jinane aNuvrata nahIM liye haiM ve aNuvrata prApta karane ke liye tathA abhyAsa ke liye inakA pAlana kareM / gRhasthoM ke mUlaguNa / 1 mahAtlA mahAvIra ne jaba - jaina-dharma kI punarghaTanA kI aura eka nayI saMsthA ko janma diyA taba unane AcAra ke jo niyama banAye the ve sAdhuoM ko lakSya meM lekara the; kyoMki sAdhusaMsthA hI prArambha meM vyavasthita saMsthA thii| pIche gRhasthoM ke liye bhI kucha niyama bane / parantu jyoM jyoM samaya nikalatA gayA, tyoM tyoM gRhasthoM ke liye aneka taraha ke vidhi-vidhAnoM kI AvazyakatA hotI gii| jisa prakAra muniyoM ke mUla-guNa the, usI prakAra cAritra kI dRSTi se zrAvakoM ke mUla-guNa kI bhI z2arUrata huI / parantu muniyoM ke samAna

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322 1 [jainadharma-mImAMsA zrAvakoM ko ekarUpa banAnA asambhava thA, isaliye zrAvakoM ke liye aneka taraha ke mUla-guNa milate haiM / zvetAmbara sampradAya meM gRhasthoM ke mUla-guNoM kA koI spaSTa ullekha nahIM milatA, isase bhI mAlUma hotA hai ki ina mUla-guNoM kA nirmANa digambara-zvetAmbara bheda ho jAne ke bAda huA thA / isaliye deza-kAla , ke anusAra inakA varNana bhI judA judA milatA hai / yahA~ sabakA judA judA varNana kramazaH diyA AtA hai| 1-1-5 pA~ca aNuvrata, 6 mayatyAga, 7 mAMsatyAga 8 madhutyAga / -samantabhadra * 2-1-5 pA~ca aNuvata, 6 madyatyAga, 7 mAMsatyAga, yatatyAga / -jinasena 3-- 1-8 madya, mAMsa, madhu, Umbara, kaThUmbara, bar3aphala pIparaphala, pAkaraphala-ina ATha kA tyAga / somadeva / 4- 1 madyatyAga, 2 mAMsatyAga, 3 madhutyAga, 4 rAtri bhojana tyAga, 5 UMbara Adi pA~ca phaloM kA tyAga, 6 arahaMta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya, sAdhu ko namaskAra, 7 jIvadayA, 8 pAnI - madyamAMsamadhu tyAgaH sahAyuvatapaMca mama : aSTau mUlaguNAnAhuriNAM zramaNottamAH ! * hiMsAsatyasteyAdabrahmaparigrahAcca bAdarabhedAt ! vRtAnmAMsAmayAritigRhiNo'Ta sanyamI muulgunnaaH|| mayamAMsamapratyAgaiH sahodambarapaMcakaiH / aSTAvate gRhasthAnAmuktA mUlaguNAH zrute /

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gRhasthoM ke mUlaguNa] [323 chAnakara piinaa| -AzAdhara * kAlakrama se ina matoM kA ullekha yahA~ kiyA gayA hai / anya AcAryoM ne bhI ina matoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, tathA aura bhI isa viSaya meM mata hoNge| maiM pahile kaha cukA hU~ ki cAritra ke niyama dravya-kSetra-kAlabhAva ke anusAra hote haiM / haraeka dharma ke niyama isa bAta kI sAkSI dete haiM / jainadharma meM bhI yaha bAta pAI jAtI hai / malaguNoM kI vividhatA bhI isa bAta kA eka pramANa hai | apane apane samaya ke anusAra banane vAle cAra niyama Upara batAye gaye haiM, parantu Aja ke liye ve saba purAne haiM, isaliye vartamAna deza-kAla ke anusAra naye mUlaguNa banAnA caahiye| malaguNoM ke viSaya meM itanA aura samajhanA cAhiye ki ye vatI hone kI kama se kama zarta ke rUpa meM haiM / ye jainatva kI zarta nahIM haiM; kyoMki aSTamUlaguNoM kA pAlana kiye binA bhI koI jainI bana sakatA hai, jise ki avirata- samyagdRSTi kahate haiM / hA~, mUlaguNoM meM se kucha aisI bAteM cunI jA sakatI hai, jo jainatva kI zarta ke rUpa meM rakkhI jA sakeM / khara, Ajakala mUlaguNa nimnalikhita honA cAhiye 1 sarvadharma-samabhAva, 2 sarva jAti-samabhAva, 3 sudhArakatA (viveka), 4 prArthanA, 5 zIla, 6 dAna, 7 mAMsatyAga, 8 madyatyAga / (1) sarvadharma-samabhAva kA dUsarA nAma syAdvAditA hai / kisI * madyapalamadhu nizAzana paMcaphalI viratipaMcakAtanutI / jIvadayA jalagAlana miti ca kacidaSTa mUlaguNAH / -

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32.] [jainadharma-mImAMsA dharma se dveSa na karanA, usameM jo jo bhalAiyA~ hoM-unko sAdara , grahaNa karanA, vidharmI hone se hI kisI kI niMdA na karanA, Adi sarvadharma-samabhAva yA syAdvAda hai / (2) manuSyamAtra ko eka jAti samajhanA, vijAtIya hone se hI kisI se dveSa na karanA, yA isI kAraNa se khAnapAna Adi meM AnAkAnI na karanA sarvajAti samabhAva hai| (3) rIti-rivAjoM meM jo acchA ho use svIkAra karanA aura jo burA ho asatya ho-apanA yA samAna kA nukasAna karane. ghAlA ho yA anya kisI kAraNa se anupayukta ho-usakA tyAga karanA, rUr3hiyoM kA andhabhakta na honA, sudhArakatA yA viveka hai| (1) satya Adi dharmoM kI tathA unako pAkara jo vyakti mahAna bana gaye haiM unakI, pratyakSa yA parokSa meM prArthanA stuti prazaMsA Adi karanA, una guNoM ko jIvana meM utArane ke liye vinIta mana se vicAra karanA aura una vicAroM ko kisI taraha prakaTa karanA prArthanA hai| (5) 'zIla' zabda kA artha pUrNa brahmacarya nahIM hai, kintu sApuruSa kA Apasa meM ImAnadAra rahanA hai| puruSoM ke liye yaha kha-sI santoSa yA para-strI-niSetra ke rUpa meM hai aura triyoM ke liye kha-puruSa santoSa yA para-puruSa-niSedha ke rUpa meM hai / jo puruSa vivAhita haiM unheM kha-khI-santoSI honA cAhiye / jo avivAhita (kumAra yA vidhura) meM unheM para-strI-niSedhI honA cAhiye, arthAt jina striyoM kA pati jIvita hai - unake sAtha kAma-sambandha sthApita na karanA cAhiye / jisa prakAra avivAhita puruSoM ke liye kucha chUTa rakkhI

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gRhasthoM ke mUlaguNa ] [ 325 gaI hai, usI taraha avivAhita vizeSataH vidhavA striyoM ke liye bhI hai / * parantu yaha chUTa usI jagaha ke liye hai jahA~ ki ceSTA karane para bhI vivAhita na banA jA sakatA ho / avivAhita kA pahilA kartavya yaha hai ki vaha brahmacarya kA pAlana kare / agara brahmacarya kA pAlana na kara sakatA ho, to vivAha kare / parantu jaba haraeka prakAra kI koziza karane para bhI vivAha na ho, to vaha aise vyakti ko apanA sAthI banA sakatA hai jo kisI dUsare vyakti ke sAtha isa bandhana meM nahIM ba~dhA hai / ahiMsAdi cAra aNuvratoM ko chor3akara jo sirpha zIla yA brahmacaryavrata ko mUlaguNoM meM rakkhA gayA hai usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki yaha gRhastha jIvana kA mUlAdhAra hai| strI aura puruSa agara 'Apasa meM vizvAsaghAta kareM to gArhasthya jIvana naraka hI samajhanA cAhiye / anya aNuvratoM ke pAlana na karane para bhI gArhasthya-jIvana kI utanI durdazA nahIM hotI jitanI ki isa zIla ke na pATane se hotI hai, isaliye gRhasthoM ke mUlaguNoM meM isakA samAveza karanA atyAvazyaka hai / avivAhitoM ko jo chUTa dI gaI hai, usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki usake durupayoga se Arthika yA prabandha sambandhI anya burAiyA~ bhale hI hoveM, parantu gArhasthya-jIvana ke mUla para kuThArAghAta nahIM hotA / (6) gRhastha ko apanI AmadanI meM se samAja hita ke liye kucha na kucha avazya denA cAhiye / agara vaha atyanta garIba ho,

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326] [jainadharma-mImAMsA / apanI hI guz2ara na kara sakatA ho, bekAra ho to use chUTa hai, parantu isa chUTa kA jarA bhI durupayoga na ho, isa viSaya meM sAvadhAnI - rakhanA caahie| (7) jina dezoM meM anna yA zAka mila sakatA hai-vahA~ ke liye yaha atyAvazyaka mUlaguNa hai : mAMsa-bhojana hiMsA kA ugra rUpa hai, isaliye usakA tyAga karanA cAhiye / bhAratavarSa yA isI ke samAna anya dezoM ke liye yaha eka Avazyaka mUlaguNa hai / hA~, uttara dhruva ke AsapAsa ke pradeza athavA aura bhI aise sthAnoM ke liye jahA~ jIvana-nirvAhayogya anna paidA hI nahIM hotA, vahA~ ke liye isa mUlaguNa ko zithila banAnA par3egA | usakA zithila rUpa kaisA ho, yaha bAta vahA~ kI paristhiti ke Upara nirbhara hai| udAharaNArtha, jalacaroM kI chUTa dekara sthalacara aura nbhcreN| kA tyAga kiyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki jalacaroM kI apekSA sthala-, cara aura nabhacara adhika vikasita prANI hai / isI taraha se aura bhI vicAra karanA cAhiye / aise dezoM ke liye isa mUla-guNa kA nAma mAMsa-maryAdA hogaa| (8) madya-tyAga bhI Avazyaka hai, kyoMki madyapAyI kA jIvana anuttaradAyI tathA pAgala ke samAna ho jAtA hai| hA~, auSadha ke liye madya-bindu kA sevana karanA par3e to isase mUla guNa kA bhaMga nahIM hotA / tathA jina zItapradhAna dezoM meM dUdha aura cAya kI taraha madyapAna kiyA jAtA hai, vahA~ agara isakA tyAga na ho sake to bhI maryAdA banA lenA cAhiye aura itanI zarAba kabhI na pInA cAhiye jisase manuSya bhAna bhUlakara pAgala sarIkhA

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gRhasthoM ke mUlaguNa ] [ 327 ho jAve / aise dezoM ke liye isa mUlaguNa kA nAma madyatyAga ke sthAna para madya-maryAdA hogaa| mUlaguNoM meM jina-jina niyamoM meM apavAda batAyA gayA hai yA chUTa dI gaI hai, vahA~ para yaha bAta dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye ki vaha chUTa yA apavAda vyasana kA rUpa na pakar3a le / jIvana ke liye jo kArya Avazyaka nahIM haiM, phira bhI jo pApa-kArya isa prakAra Adata kA rUpa pakar3a lete haiM ki jisake binA becainI kA anubhava hone lagatA hai, use vyasana kahate haiN| isa prakAra ke durvya sanoM kA mUlaguNI ko tyAgI honA caahiye| 5. jainazAstroM meM juA, mAMsa, madya, vezyA, zikAra, corI, para bA ke viSaya ko lekara sAta vyasana batAye gaye hai| vyasanoM kI saMkhyA kitanI bhI ho, usakA sAra vahI hai jo Upara kahA jA cukA hai / spaSTatA ke liye sAta kI gaNanA kara dI gaI, yaha ThIka hai / mUlaguNI ko inakA tyAgI honA cAhiye / hA~, 'juA' zabda ke spaSTIkaraNa meM yaha kaha denA ucina mAlUma hotA hai ki hAra-jIta kI kalpanA se hI juA nahIM ho jAtA, kintu jaba juA dhana-paise se khelA jAtA hai taba juA kahalAtA hai / anyathA svAsthya, zikSA Adi viSayoM kI acchI pratiyogitAe~ bhI juA kahalAne lagegI athavA manovinoda ke liye koI khela bhI juA kahalAne lgegaa| 'juA' zabda kA itanA vyApaka artha karanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki juA kI jo vizeSa hAniyA~ haiM ve uparyukta pratiyogitAoM yA kheloM meM nahIM pAI jaatii| vartapAna paristhiti ke anusAra ye ATha malaguNa batAye gaye

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# 328 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA haiN| deza-kAla-pAtra ke bheda se inameM nyUnAdhikatA tathA nAmoM meM parivartana kiyA jA sakatA hai / jainatva | maiM pahile kaha cukA hU~ ki mUlaguNa vratI hone kI pahilI zarta hai, parantu vrata hue binA jaina bana sakatA hai| jaina sampradAya meM janma lene se jaina meM ginatI ho sakatI hai, parantu vAstava meM vaha saccA jaina nahIM bana sakatA / saccA jaina hone ke liye usameM amuka guNa honA cAhiye / vratAdi usameM hoM yA na hoM, parantu amuka taraha kI bhAvanA to honA hI cAhiye, jisase vaha jaina kahA jA ske| 1 Upara jo mUlaguNa batAye gaye haiM unameM se prArambha ke tIna mUlaguNa jainatva kI zarta ke rUpa meM peza kiye jA sakate haiM / 1 - sarva dharma samabhAva, 2 - sarva jAti samabhAva, 3 - sudhArakatA (viveka) ) I -- agara rakhane ke AvazyakatA to isa bAta kI hai ki pratyeka jaina ATha mUlaguNoM kA pAlana kare, parantu kisI kAraNavaza na kara sakatA ho to jainatva kI lAja liye kama se kama ina tIna guNoM kA pAlana to avazya kre| aura jahA~ taka bana sake prArthanA meM zAmila avazya ho / pratidina na ho sake to saptAha meM eka dina avazya ho / nitya kRtya / pratyeka dharma-saMsthA ke sadasyoM ke liye kucha aise sAdhAraNa nityakRtya niyama kiye jAte haiM - jinase usa saMsthA kI saMghaTanA banA

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nitya-kRtya [329 rahatI hai aura usake Azrita rahakara usake sadasya Atmonnati tathA paronnati karate rahate haiN| aise kRtya saMsthA ke sAtha hI paidA nahIM ho jAte, kintu dhIre dhIre paidA hote haiM, aura kabhI kabhI to ve pUrNa rUpa meM pracalita bhI nahIM ho pAte / jainazAstroM meM, khAsakara digambara jainazAstroM meM, isa prakAra ke dainika kRtyoM kA varNana milatA hai| 1 devapUjA, 2 gurUpAsti, 3 khAdhyAya, 4 saMyama, 5 tapa, 6 dAna / inameM se svAdhyAya, saMyama, tapa aura dAna-ina cAra kA varNana pahile acchI taraha kiyA jA cukA hai, isaliye yahA~ inake vivecana kI z2arUrata nahIM hai / rahI devapUjA aura gurUpAsti; inameM se bhI gurupAsti kI Aja jarUrata nahIM hai, jinameM vAstava meM gurutva hai unako hara taraha sahAyatA pahu~cAnA pratyeka gRhastha kA kartavya hai; parantu yaha to pAtradAna meM A jAtA hai, isaliye alaga ullekha karanA anAvazyaka hai / isase adhika gurUpAsti Avazyaka nahIM hai| kama se kama vaha nityakRtya meM nahIM rakhI jA sktii| aba rA devapUjA, so deva kahIM milatA to hai nahIM, bhUta. kAla ke guru yA mahAguru hI deva ke rUpa meM mAne jAne lagate haiN| mahAtmA mahAvIra Adi mahAguru hI Aja deva ke rUpa meM mAne jAte hai, aura devapUjA ke nAma para unakI mUrtiyoM kI pUjA kI jAtI hai| hama aise mahAguruoM ko tathA jina guNoM ke kAraNa ve mahAguru bane-una guNoM ko deva ke sthAna para pUjeM to anucita nahIM hai| parantu isake viSaya meM tIna taraha ke sudhAroM kI AvazyakatA hai1-devapUjA ke vartamAna rUpa ko badala denA cAhiye / 2-pUjA ke

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1 | jainadharma-mImAMsA 330 ] viSaya meM adhikAra anadhikAra kA jo prazna hai, usake viSaya meM pratibandha uThA lenA cAhiye / 3 - devapUjA kA artha vyApaka karanA cAhiye | ina tInoM kA saMkSepa meM spaSTIkaraNa isa prakAra hai / 1 - deva pUjA kA vartamAna rUpa vikRta hai| abhiSeka, A~gI, pakAnna car3hAnA Adi usameM samaya ke pravAha ke kAraNa mila gaye I haiM / jaina-dharma meM mahAvIra Adi kI yadyapi eka mahAtmA yA tIrthaMkara ke rUpa meM hI mAnyatA hai, tathApi logoM ke hRdaya meM aizvarya kI jo amiTa chApa hai usake kAraNa ve agara mahAtmAoM kI upasanA bhI karate haiM to ve unheM Izvara banAkara chor3ate haiM / unake bAhya vaibhava aura atizayoM kI kalpanA karake ve unheM manuSya kI zreNI se nikAlakara bAhara kara dete haiN| unake jIvana kI adbhuta kahAniyA~ gar3ha DAlate haiM, aura phira unake raNa meM nAnA taraha kI kriyAe~ racate haiM / mUrtiyoM ke abhiSeka Adi aisI hI avaijJAnika sArahIna bhaktikalpya ghaTanAoM ke smAraka hai / unakI Aja z2arUrata nahIM hai / isake atirikta mUrtiyoM kA zrRGgAra pUjA kA aMga na banAnA cAhiye / raMgamaMca ke Upara nepathya kA kAma karanA jaise kalAhIna aura bhaddA hai, usI prakAra pUjA meM mUrtiyoM kA sajAnA mI anucita hai / jo kucha karanA ho pUjA ke pahile hI ekAnta meM kara lenA caahiye| sAtha hI usake anurUpa hI sajAvaTa karanA cAhiye / mahAtmA mahAvIra, mahAtmA buddha Adi kI mUrtiyoM para mukuTa Adi lagAnA -- unake zramaNa-javina kI ha~sI karanA hai| hA~ mahAtmA rAma, mahAtmA kRSNa Adi kI mUrtiyoM para yaha sajAvaTa kI

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nitya-kRtya ] [ 331 jAya to kisI taraha kSantavya hai, parantu una para bhI rAjodita zrRGgAra vizeSa mahattvapUrNa nahIM mAlUma hotA / ma0 rAmacandra kI mahattA unake vanavAsI jIvana meM hai, aura ma0 kRSNa kI mahattA mahAbhArata ke sArathI - jIvana meM hai; isaliye usa samaya ke anurUpa hI unakA zRGgAra honA caahiye| jainamUrtiyoM meM ma0 mahAvIra kI mUrti to nagna hI banAnA cAhiye / ma0 pArzvanAtha kI mUrti, ma0 buddha kI taraha saba banAnA cAhiye; tathA yaha niyama rakkhA jAya ki zramaNa mahAtmAoM kI mUrtiyoM para alaGkAra nAmamAtra ko bhI na ho / 2 - pUjA to brAhmaNa yA upAdhyAya hI kara sakatA hai, yA puruSa hI kara sakatA hai - isa prakAra ke pratibandha uThA denA cAhiye / yaha ghoSita kara denA cAhiye ki puruSa ho yA strI, brAhmaNa ho yA zUdra, amIra ho yA garIba, sabako devapUjA kA samAna adhikAra hai / bahuta se sthAnoM para khiyoM ko pUjA nahIM karane dI jAtI athavA mUrti ko nahIM chUne diyA jAtA / yaha anyAya hai aura yaha bAta janazAstroM ke bhI pratikUla hai | betAmbara sampradAya meM to khiyoM ko tIrthaMkara taka mAnA hai, saikar3oM striyoM ke mukta hone kA ullekha hai, isaliye devapUjA kA niSedha kiyA jAya - yaha to ho hI nahIM sakatA | digambara sampradAya meM yadyapi digambara ke kaTTara Agraha se tathA samaya ke pravAha se strImukti kA niSedha kiyA gayA; tathApi khiyoM ke dvArA devapUjA ke bahuta se ullekha milate haiMpadmapurANa meM rAvaNa kI patniyA~, aMjanAsatI, candranakhA, vizalyA Adi; AdipurANa meM sulocanA Adi; harivaMza purANa meM gandharvasenA,

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332] (jainadharma -mImAMsA subhadrA, jinadacA, aIhAsa seTha kI patnI Adi; zAntipurANa meM svayaMprabhA Adi / inameM se kucha ne akele pUjA kI hai, kucha ne pati ke saath| kucha ke viSaya meM to unake dvArA martisthApana tathA abhiSeka hone kA spaSTa ullekha hai| ye saba udAratApUrNa bAteM zAstroM meM milatI haiM / agara kadAcit na milatI hotI to bhI nyAya kI rakSA ke liye inakA rakhanA Avazyaka thA / samatA kA vighAtaka anucita pratibandha kadApi na honA cAhiye / isI prakAra zUdroM ke bAre meM bhI samajhanA cAhiye / jaba unheM mokSa jAne, saMyama pAlane, vrata lene kA adhikAra hai, taba pUjA kA adhikAra kauna sA bar3A adhikAra hai ? 3-deva-pUjA ke liye mUrti ko abalambana mAnakara usakA upayoga kiyA jAya yaha acchA hai, parantu yaha bhI dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye ki mUrti Adi ke avalambana ke binA bhI pUjA ho sakatI hai| jahA~ taka sambhava ho sAmAjikatA ko bar3hAne ke liye, vAtsalya kI sthiratA ke liye, sAmUhika prArthanA karanA cAhiye | agara yaha sambhava na ho to prArthanA ke liye sArvajanika sthAna, mandira, sthAnaka, Adi meM jAnA cAhiye / agara itanA bhI na ho to kahIM bhI prArthanA karanA cAhiye / isa prakAra kI prArthanAe~ vAstava meM deva-pUnA zrAvakoM ke ina chaH kRtyoM meM se gurupArita kI to jasarata hI nahIM hai athavA use dAna meM zAmila kara sakate haiM / saMyama koI khAsa dainika kRtya nahIM hai, vaha to mUlaguNAdika ke rUpa meM satA

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sallekhanA [333 rahatA hai / tapa ko bhI dainika kRtya banAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| kisI kI icchA ho to vaha bhale hI kare / isa prakAra nityakRtyoM kI saMkhyA tIna raha jAtI hai-prArthanA, svAdhyAya aura dAna / prArthanA kA sambandha samyagdarzana se hai, svAdhyAya kA sambandha jJAna se hai aura dAna kA sambandha samyakcAritra se hai / isa prakAra ye tIna dainika kRtya upayogI bhI hai, sarala bhI hai / jIvana ke kisI kArya' meM vizeSa bAdhA DAle binA-inakA acchI taraha se pAlana kiyA jA sakatA hai, isaliye inakA pAlana avazya karanA cAhiye / sllekhnaa| jainadharma meM batoM ke prakaraNa meM sallekhanA kA bhI ullekha kiyA jAtA hai / yaha matyusamaya kI kriyA hai tathA muni aura zrAvaka koI bhI ise kara sakatA hai, isaliye isa vrata kA alaga vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| yadyapi kisI ne ise zikSA-vratoM meM bhI ginA hai jaisA ki pahile kahA jA cukA hai-parantu adhikAMza lekhakoM ne ise alaga hI rakkhA hai| jisa samaya mRtyu kA nizcaya ho jAya athavA koI aisI paristhiti utpanna ho jAya ki mRtyu ko svIkAra kiye binA kartavya. bhraSTatA se bacane kA dUsarA koI upAya na ho, usa samaya apane kartavya kI rakSA karate hue jIvana kA utsarga kara denA sallekhanA hai / bahuta se dharmoM meM isa prakAra ke jIvanotsarga kA vidhAna pAyA jAtA hai| kahIM jala meM DUbane, kahIM parvata se girane athavA kisI dUsare rUpa se prANoM ke utsarga karane kA vidhAna hai| parantu

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334 ] jainadharma-mImAMsA Ajakala vaise vidhAnoM kA koI mUlya nahIM hai, kyoMki eka to unakI nIMva andhazraddhA para khar3I huI hai, dUsare usakI koI upayogitA siddha nahIM hotI hai| kisI devatA ko khuza karane ke lihAja se mara jAnA andhazraddhA kA bhayaMkara pariNAma hai, kyoM ki na to koI aisA devatA hai aura na use isa prakAra se khuza karane kI z2arUrata hai| hA~, kartavya kI vedI para balidAna karanA hI saccA balidAna hai| samAja kI rakSA ke liye jAna lar3A denA, dUsaroM kI sevA meM zarIra denA par3e to denA Adi hI saccA balidAna hai / amuka jagaha marane se yA amuka kA nAma lekara marane se yA mokSa mila jAyagA, isa prakAra kI andhavAsanA se prANa dene kA koI phala nahIM hai / vaha eka prakAra kI AtmahatyA hI hai| apanI aura jagat kI bhalAI kI dRSTi se jaba prANotsarga karanA, adhika kalyANakArI mAlUma ho tabhI prANotsarga karanA cAhiye / purAne samaya kI prANotsarga kiyA. itanI vikRta aura durbasanApUrNa thI ki vaha eka prakAra se nAmazeSa hI ho gaI yA andhazraddhAluoM ke liye baca rahI / dhArmika upayogitA kI dRSTi se usakA kucha mUlya na rahA; kintu jainadharma ne usakA itanA adhika saMzodhana kiyA hai ki vaha zo hue vitra kI taraha auSadha kA rUpa dhAraNa kara gaI hai / Aja usameM thor3e bahuta saMzodhana kI AvazyakatA aura ho gaI hai; usa saMzodhana ke bAda vaha Aja bhI upayogI hai / jainadharma ne jo isa viSaya meM saMzodhana kiyA hai, usameM sabase bar3A saMzodhana yaha hai ki upavAsa ko chor3akara mRtyu ke anya

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sallekhanA [ 355 saba upAyoM kI manAI kara dI gaI hai| jaba koI aisI asAdhya bImArI ho jAya ki usake kaSToM kA sahana karanA kaThina ho, usake mAre hama dUsaroM kI sevA bhI na kara sakate hoM, balki dUsaroM se adhika sevA lenI par3atI ho, usa samaya upavAsa karake zarIra chor3anA caahiye| jala meM DUbane Adi upAyoM kI sasta manAI hai| aura upavAsa kA vidhAna bhI ekadama nahIM hai; kintu prArambha meM nIrasa bhojana karanA cAhiye, bAda meM anna tyAga karanA cAhiye, bAda meM chAcha vagairaha kisI peya vastu ke AdhAra para rahanA cAhiye, isake bAda zuddha jala ke AdhAra para rahanA cAhiye, isake bAda pUrNa upavAsa kA vidhAna hai yA sirpha jala ke AdhAra para raha sakatA hai| isa prakriyA se dinoM, mahinoM aura varSoM kA samaya laga jAtA hai / ekadama prANa tyAga karane meM jo saMkleza apane ko aura dUsaroM ko hotA hai, vaha isa prakriyA meM nahIM hotA / isake atirikta yaha prakriyA maraNa kA hI nahIM, jIvana kA bhI upAya hai / isa prakAra kA bhojana-tyAga kabhI kabhI asAdhya bImAriyoM taka ko dUra kara detA hai| agara bhojana-tyAga se bImArI zAMta ho jAve aura jina kAraNoM se sallekhanA kI thI, ve kAraNa haTa jAveM to sallekhanA banda kara denA cAhiye / isa prakAra ke saMzodhana se sallekhanA kI upayogitA aura bhI adhika bar3ha jaaygii| AtmahatyA aura salekhanA meM jamIna-AsamAna kA antara hai / Atma-hatyA kisI kaSAya ke Avega kA pariNAma hai, jaba ki sallekhanA tyAga aura dayA kA pariNAma hai / jahA~ apane jIvana kI kucha bhI upayogitA na raha gaI ho, aura dUsaroM ko vyartha kaSTa

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336] [jainadharma-mImAMsA uThAnA par3atA ho, vahA~ zarIra-tyAga meM dUsaroM para dayA hai| prazna-jina rogoM ko bar3e bar3e vaidha asAdhya kaha dete haiM, unase bhI manuSya kI rakSA ho jAtI hai / kSaNabhara bAda kyA hone vAlA hai, isako pUrNa nizcaya ke sAtha kIna kaha sakatA hai ? isaliye mRtyu kA bhI pUrNa nizcaya kaise hogA ? aura pUrNa nizcaya ke binA sallekhanA lenA ucita nahIM kahA jA sakatA / vaha to Atmavadha ho jaaygii| uttara-manuSya ke pAsa nizcaya karane ke jitane sAdhana haiM una sabakA upayoga karane para jo nirNaya ho, usI ke AdhAra para kAma karanA cAhiye / anyathA manuSya ko bilakula akarmaNya ho jAnA par3egA / jIvana ke vaha sAre kAma apane jJAna se karatA hai| yaha kAma bhI use isI taraha karanA cAhiye / hA~, usake bhItara kisI prakAra kA kaSAyAveSa na ho, zuddha buddhi se vicAra kare, isa prakAra kA tathA nimnalikhita cAra bAtoM kA vicAra karake sallekhanA svIkAra kare loka-lajA Adi se sallekhanA na le aura na kisI ko z2abardastI sallekhanA de| ka-roga athavA aura koI Apatti asAdhya ho| kha-sabane rogI ke jIvana kI AzA chor3a dI ho| ga-prANI svayaM prANa tyAga karane ko taiyAra ho| gha-jIvana kI apekSA jIvana kA tyAga hI usake liye zreyaskara siddha hotA ho| isake atirikta aura bAteM bhI vicAraNIya ho sakatI hai

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sallekhamA ] [ 337 jaise, usakI paricaryA karanA azakya ho aura paricarcA karane para bhI usakI asahya-vedanA meM kamI na kI jA sakatI ho, Adi / yaha bAta pahile hI kahI jA cukI hai ki sallekhanA karane se agara kisI kA svAsthya sudhara jAya to sallekhanA banda kara denA cAhiye / prazna-yadi svAsthya sudharane para sallekhanA banda kara dI jAya to sallakhanA eka prakAra kI cikitsA ( upavAsa-cikitsA) kahalAI / taba vratoM ke prakaraNa meM usake vidhAna kI kyA Ava. zyakatA hai ! use to cikitsA-zAstra meM zAmila karanA cAhiye / uttara - upavAsa-cikitsA aura sallekhanA meM antara hai / cikitsA meM jIvana kI pUrI AzA aura ceSTA rahatI hai, sallekhanA usa samaya kI jAtI hai jabaki jIvana kI na to koI AzA rahatI hai na usake liye koI ceSTA kI jAtI hai / akasmAt koI esI paristhiti paidA ho jAya ki upavAma vagairaha se nirAzA meM AzA kA udaya hokara usameM saphalatA ho jAya to jabardastI prANa. tyAga karane kI jarUrata nahIM hai| kyoMki sallekhanA AtmahatyA nahIM hai, kintu AI huI mauta ke sAmane vIratA se Atma-samarpaNa karanA hai| isase manuSya zAMti aura Ananda se prANa-tyAga karatA hai / mRtyu ke pahile jo use karanA cAhiye-vaha kara jAtA hai / mauta agara Tala jAya to use jabardastI na bulAnA cAhiye / sallekhanA kA mukhya kAraNa roga athavA aura aisI hI koI

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338] [jainadharma-mImAMsA zArIrika vikRti hai / parantu anya kAraNoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA jAtA hai / jaise-upasarga, durbhikSa, vRddhatA Adi / ye kAraNa purAne samaya kI munisaMsthA ko lakSya meM lekara batAye gaye haiM / purAnI munisaMsthA ke niyamAnusAra upasarga Ane para muni ko bhAganA na cAhiye-na bacAva karanA cAhiye, isaliye sallekhanA hI anivArya hai / isI prakAra durmikSa meM muni ke yogya nirdoSa AhAra nahIM mila sakatA, isaliye bhI use prANa tyAga karanA cAhiye / isI prakAra ativRddha ho jAne para manuSya muniyoM ke AcAra kA pUrI taraha pAlana nahIM kara sakatA, isaliye AcArahIna hone kI akSA prANatyAga zreSTha hai| purAnI muni saMsthA ke ye niyama Aja badala diye gaye haiM, isaliye sallekhanA ke ye kAraNa bhI Avazyaka nahIM kahe jA skte| parantu inake bhItara jo dRSTi-hai vaha Aja bhI upayogI hai / purAna samaya ke upasarga, durbhikSa Adi ko hama sallakhanA ke liye paryApta kAraNa mAne yA na mAneM, parantu isameM eka bAta avazya hai ki jaba manuSya duniyA ke liye bhArabhUta ho jAve to svecchA se sAvika rIti se matyu svIkAra kare to isameM koI Apatti nahIM hai| manuSya ko bhArabhUta hone kI koziza na karanA cAhiye, kintu jaba usake Upara prAkRtika yA para-prANikRta aisI vipattiyA~ A jAya ki vaha na to apanA hI kalyANa kara sake, na jagat kA kalyANa kara sake, to samAdhi-maraNa ucita hai / yaha Atma-hatyA nahIM hai| samAdhi-maraNa AtmahatyA nahIM hai, isake viSaya meM jainA

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aticAra ] [ 339 cAyoM ne eka sundara upamA dI hai / ve kahate haiM ki jaise koI vyApArI ghara kA nAza nahIM cAhatA, agara ghara meM Aga laga jAtI hai to usake bujhAne kI ceSTA karatA hai, parantu jaba dekhatA hai ki isakA bujhAnA kaThina hai, taba vaha ghara kI parvAha na karake dhana kI rakSA karatA hai| isI taraha koI AdamI zarIra kA nAza nahIM cAhatA, parantu jaba usakA nAza nizcita ho jAtA hai taba vaha zarIra ko to naSTa hone detA hai; kintu dharma kI rakSA karatA hai, isaliye yaha Atma-vadha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| yaha Atma-vadha nahIM hai, kintu isakA durupayoga na hone lage, isake liye satarkatA rakhanA cAhiye / aticAra / zrAvakoM ke liye jo bAraha vrata batAye gaye haiM unakA varNana ho cukA, parantu vratoM kI rakSA ke liye unake doSoM kA jAnanA Avazyaka hai / aticAra vrata kA doSa mAnA jAtA hai / anAcAra vrata kA nAza mAnA jAtA hai| aticAra meM bhI vrata kA nAza hotA hai, parantu kucha aMza meM usakI rakSA rahatI hai / isaliye AMzika bhaMga ko aticAra Ara pUrNa bhaMga ko anAcAra kahate haiN| * yathA vANa: vividha paNyadAnAdAnasaMcayaparasya gRhavinAzo'niSTaH tadvinAzakAraNe cAMpasthite yathAzakti pariharati / duHparihAre ca paNyAvinAzo yathA bhavati tathA yatate / evaM gRhastho'pi vratazIlapuNyasatyapravartamAnastadAzrayasya zarIrasya na pAtamAbhivAJchati / tadaplavakAraNe caupasthite svaguNAvirodhana pAriharati duSparihAre ca yathA svaguNavinAzo na bhavati yathA prayatati kathamAtmavadhAM mavet / -ta. rAjavArtika 7-22-8

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340] [jainadharma-mImAMsA doSa yA aticAra saikar3oM ho saketa haiM, parantu unameM se mukhya mukhya pAMca pAMca doSa cunakara ginAye gaye haiN| yahAM unakA saMkSepa meM vivecana kiyA jAtA yA nAmAvali dI jAtI hai| jo aticAra vartamAna kAla kI dASTe se anAcAra rUpa hai athavA jo doSa-rUpa hI nahIM hai, usakA spaSTIkaraNa usa jagaha kara diyA jaaygaa| ahiMsANuvrata-1pazuoM ko isa taraha jar3akakara bA~dhanA jisase unako hilanA DulanA bhI muzkila ho jAya (bandha], 2. unako nirdayatA se pITanA (vadha), 3. kAna nAka vagairaha chedanA, 4. unapara jyAdaha bojha lAdanA, 5. khAne-pIne meM kamI karanA / agara ye kAma durbhAva se na kiye gaye hoM to aticAra nahIM haiN| satyANuvrata- 1. jhUThA upadeza denA / isa aticAra kA sAdhAraNataH jo artha kiyA jAtA hai-vaha ThIka nahIM hai| jAnabUjhakara agara jhUThI bAta kA upadeza diyA jAya taba to vaha anA. cAra hai / agara kisI viSaya meM hamArA vizvAsa hI aisA ho aura tadanusAra hI hamane upadeza dina ho to vaha vrata kI dRSTi se ati. cAra nahIM hai / vAstava meM isa aticAra kA artha lAparvAhI se bolanA yA durAgraha karanA hai / 2-zrI puruSa Adi kI ceSTAoM ko pragaTa karanA / 3-dUsare ke kahane se jhUThI bAteM likhanA yA nakalI hastAkSara * banA denA Adi / yaha aticAra nahIM vAstava meM anAcAra * anye nAnunamananutiM ca yatkiJcittasya paraprayogavazAdeva tenoktamanuThitaM ceti vazcanAnimittama lakhanam anyasarUpAkSara krunnmitynye| -sAgAradharmAmRta 4-15

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aticAra ] [ 341 hai / 4 - koI manuSya apane yahA~ koI cIz2a rakha gayA ho aura bhUla se kama mA~ge, to jAnate hue bhI usakA anumodana karanA / 5 - cugalI khAnA | vAstava acAryANuvrata -- 1- kisI ko corI ke liye prerita karanA / meM yaha anAcAra hI hai / 2 - corI kA sAmAna lenA / 3mApane tAlane ke sAdhana nyUnAdhika rakhanA / yaha bhI anAcAra hai / 4 - adhika mUlya kI vastu meM hIna mUlya kI vastu milAkara becanA | zrI meM catra milAnA, pUchane para jhUTha bolanA Adi avasthA meM yaha anAcAra hI hai / 5-sAmAna para Taiksa vagairaha na denA | satyAgraha meM corI kI vAsanA na hone se vaha aticAra nahIM hai / brahmacaryANuvrata - 1.dumare kI santati kA vivAha karAnA | isako aticAra mAnanA nivRtti mArga kA atireka hai / jisa kAraNa se apanI santAna ke vivAha kA Ayojana karanA ucita haiM, usI kAraNa me dUsare kI santAna kA vivAha karanA bhI ucita hai | pIche ke lekhakoM ko isakI aticAratA khaTakI bhI hai, isaliye unane isakA dUsarA artha kiyA hai ki eka apanI dUsarI zAdI karanA paravivAha karaNa aticAra haiM / isa artha kI dRSTi se bahupatnI ke rivAja vAle deza meM yaha aticAra mAnA jA sakatA hai / jahA~ bahutva kI prathA nahIM hai, vahA~ to yaha bhI patnI ke rahane para maiM yadA tu svadArasantuSTo viziSTatAbhAvAt anyaskalatraM pariNayati nadApyasyAyamaticaraH syAt / parasya vanAntarasva vivAha va raNamAtmanA vivAhanam / - sAgAradharmAmRta 4-58

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342] . / jainadharma-mImAMsA anAcAra hai / jahA~ talAka kA rivAz2a ho vahA~ para talAka denA aticAra mAnanA cAhiye, yA talAka dekara dUsarA vivAha karanA aticAra hai, athavA dUsarA vivAha karane kI icchA se talAka denA aticAra hai / 2-dUsare ke dvArA parigRhAta vazyA ke pAsa jAnA / 3-athavA aparigRhIta vezyA ke pAsa jAnA / pahile samaya meM isa viSaya meM naitikatA ke bandhana bahuta zithila the, isaliye vezyA-sevana bhI aticAra hI thA, na ki anAcAra / parantu striyoM ke sAtha yaha atyAcAra hai| vAstava meM vezyA-gamana bhI anAcAra hai / hA~, avivAhita puruSa kI dRSTi se ise aticAra kaha sakate haiM, parantu vivAhita ke liye to anAcAra hI hai / do puruSoM meM hone vAlA kAma-sevana bhI vezyA-sevana ke samAna dopa hai / 4. kAma-sevana ke sivAya bhinna aMgoM se kAma-sevana karanA / 5. kAmottejanA adhika honA yA isake liye kAmottejaka padArthoM kA upayoga karanA / , AcArya samantabhadra ne parigRhIta aura aparigRhIta, isa prakAra vezyA ke do bheda nahIM rakkhe haiM / unane donoM ke sthAna para eka hI aticAra mAnA hai aura pA~ca kI saMkhyA pUrI karane ke liye viTatva-bhaNDapana se bharI huI vacana aura mana kI ceSTAe~ ko aticAra mAnA hai / yaha matabheda sAdhAraNa hai| parigraha parimANa- dhanadhAnyAdi parigraha kI maryAdA kA ullaMghana karanA aticAra hai / maryAdA kA ullaMghana karane se te * kSetravAstu hiraNya suvarNa dhanadhAnya dAsIdAsa kuppa pramANAtikamAH / ~tatvArtha 7-11

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aticAra ] [ 343 anAcAra hI ho jAyagA / isaliye ullaMghana karane meM bhI maryAdA kI apekSA rakhanA cAhiye / jaise, gAya ke garbhavatI hone para saMkhyA bar3ha jAtI hai, parantu use ginatI meM zAmila na krnaa| AbhUSaNoM kI saMkhyA bar3ha rahI ho to do AbhUSaNoM ko milAkara eka kara denA Adi / ___AcArya samantabhadra ne isa vrata ke aticAroM ke nAma dUsare hI diye haiM / 1-pazu jitanI dUra taka cala sakate haiM usase adhika dUra taka calAnA / 2-AvazyakatA se adhika saMgraha karanA / 3-lAbha ke Aveza se bahuta Azcarya karanA / 4-bahuta lobha--kaMjamI karanA / 5--lobha se pazuoM para bahuta bhAra lAdanA / vizvana aura dezaviti kI Aja AvazyakatA hI nahIM hai, isaliye unake aticAra nahIM batAye jAte / sAmAyika -mana vacana kAya kI caJcalatA, anAdara se sAmAyika karanA yA bhUla jAnA / ye bAteM pratikramaNa prArthanA adi meM bhI lagAnA cAhiye / pratikramaNa meM eka bar3A bhArI aticAra yaha ginanA cAhiye ki jisase kSamA yAcanA karanA cAhiye usase na karake duniyA bhara ke jIvoM se kSamA-yAcanA krnaa| svAdhyAya-pahile yaha bAraha vratoM meM nahIM ginA jAtA thA, isaliye isake atica.ra nahIM banAye gaye / aba isake aticAra yo samajhanA caahiye| ativAhanAtisaMgraha vismya lAbhArimAravahanAni / parimita parimahasya ca vikSapA paMca lakSyante !! -ratna ka. thA. 3-12 !

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344 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsa 1- mana kI asaMlagnatA, 2 - vacana kI visaMlagnatA, ( mauna meM vacana kI asaMlagnatA rahatI hai, parantu mauna meM bhI svAdhyAya acchI taraha hotA hai, isaliye vacana kI asaMlagnatA aticAra nahIM hai, kintu visaMlagnatA arthAt svAdhyAya ke samaya vicAra kisI aura bAta kA karanA aura bolanA kucha aura, aticAra hai / hA~, koI Avazyaka sUcanA karanA par3e to yaha aticAra nahIM hai ) / 3 anAdara se par3hanA sunanA Adi / 4 bhUla jAnA / 5 pakSapAta! isase sacce jJAna kI prApti meM bAdhA par3atI hai, isaliye yaha bar3A bhArI aticAra hai / kAya kI asaMlagnatA yA visaMlagnatA ko aticAra nahIM kahA, . isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki calate phirate yA leTe hue bhI svAdhyAya ho sakatA hai. isaliye vaha doSa nahIM hai / atithisevA - muniyoM ko bhojana dene kI dRSTi se purAne samaya meM aticAra batAye gaye the / isaliye sacitta vastu se Dhaka denA, usameM rakhanA, deya vastu dUsare kI batA denA, anAdara se denA, kAla kA ullaMghana karanA aticAra the / sacitta kA artha abhakSya karane para Aja bhI ye aticAra kahe jA sakate haiN| parantu atithisevA meM sirpha bhojana karAnA hI na samajha lenA cAhiye; anya prakAra kI sevA kA bhI yathAyogya samAveza karanA cAhiye / dAna- isako eka alaga vrata ke rUpa meM rakkhA gayA hai / isake mukhya aticAra nimnalikhita mAnanA cAhiye- 9 nirupayogI kAryoM meM denA, 2 ahaGkAra karanA, 3 yaza kI vAsanA ko mukhyatA denA, 4 badale kI vAsanA rakhanA, 5 anAdara yA anicchA se denA Adi /

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aticAra ] [ 345 bhogopabhoga parisaMkhyAna-isaka aticAra do taraha ke milate haiN| purAnI mAnyatA yaha hai -1 sacittAhAra, 2 sacitta se sambaddha vastu kA AhAra, 3 sacitta se mizrita vastu kA AhAra, 4 mAdaka Adi vastuoM kA AhAra, 5 adhapakI vastu kA AhAra, ye pA~cA aticAra sirpha bhojana ke viSaya meM haiM jaba ki bhogopabhoga parisaMkhyAna kA kSetra vizAla hai, isaliye aticAroM kA yaha pATha bahuta apUrNa hai / isaliye AcArya samantabhadra ne jo saMzodhana kiyA hai yA jo pATha diyA hai vaha adhika upayukta hai / 1 viSayoM meM Adara rakhanA, 2 bAra bAra vicAra karanA, 3 atyadhika lolupatA rakhanA arthAt pratikAra ho jAne para bhI icchA rakhanA, 4 bhaviSya ke bhogoM meM tanmaya honA, 5 atyadhika tallIna honA / aura bhA aticAra banAya jA makate haiN| anarthadaMDavirati-1 asabhya parihAsa karanA, 2 asabhya ceSTA karana!, 3 vyartha bakavAda karanA, 4 binA vicAre pravRtti karanA, 5 anAvazyaka saMgraha krnaa| propadha-1-2.3 binA dekhe zodhe vastuoM kA uThAnA rahanA aura bichAnA, 1.5 dhArmika kriyAoM meM anAdara rakhanA aura bhUla jaanaa| * sacittasabandha samiAbhiSava duHpakkAhArAH / -tatvArtha 7-35 / * viSayaviSatA'nupekSA'nasmRtiratilIlyamatitRSAnubhavau / bhogAMpabhogaparimA vyatikamA paMca kazyante // -rala ka0 zrA0 3-4

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346 ) [jainadharma-mImAMsA proSadha isaliye hai ki bhojana kI tarapha se nirAkula rahakara manuSya adhika sevA, svAdhyAya Adi kara sake tathA svAsthya bhI ThIka rakha sake / ina uddezyoM ko dhakkA pahu~cAne se aticAra ho jAtA hai| sallekhanA-1 jIvana kI icchA rakhanA, 2 marane kI icchA rakhanA (usa samaya manuSya ko mRtyu aura jIvana meM samadarzI honA cAhiye), 3 mitroM kA smaraNa kara karake dukhI honA, 4 purAne bhogoM kA smaraNa karanA, 5 bhaviSya ke liye bhogoM kI lAlasA rkhnaa| aticAra aneka haiM / yahA~ to namUne ke taura para mukhya mukhya ginAye gaye haiN| jainAcAryoM meM isa viSaya meM bhI aneka matabheda haiM, jisameM tAttvika hAni to nahIM haiM, parantu usase itanA to siddha hotA hai ki ye AcArya arahanta ke nAma kI duhAI dekara dezakAla ke anusAra svecchA se naye naye vidhAna banAyA karate the| unakA yaha prayatna logoM ko samajhAne ke liye ucita hI thaa| prtimaa| pratimA zabda kA artha yahA~ kakSA yA zreNI hai / gRhasthoM ko AcAra meM dhIre-dhIre samunnata banAkara pUrNasaMyamI banAne ke liye ye zreNiyA~ haiM / muni-saMsthA meM praveza karane ke pahile ina zreNiyoM kA abhyAsa kara lenA ucita hai / mahAtmA mahAvIra ke pahile varNAzrama vyavasthA kA jora thA / usameM aneka vikAra A jAne se mahAtmA mahAvIra ne use tor3a diyA / parantu kisI na kisI rUpa meM inakA rakhanA anivArya aura Avazyaka thA / varNavyavasthA janma se na rahI, kama se rahI / isI prakAra Azrama-vyavasthA bhI umra ke hisAba se na rahI, kintu samaya ke hisAba se rahI / ma0 mahAvIra kI bhI

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pratimA ] [ 347 > icchA thI ki gRhastha aura sanyAsa ke bIca meM koI eka Azrama avazya ho jisameM manuSya saMyama kA abhyAsa kare / ma0 mahAvIra kI usI icchA kA phala, pratimAoM kA yaha vidhAna hai / hA~, yaha bAta avazya hai ki isa vidhAna ko jaisI cAhiye vaisI saphalatA na milI / cAritra ke jaba anya niyama deza-kAla ke anusAra badalate rahe hai, tatra pratimAoM kA badalate rahanA Avazyaka thA; kyoMki pratimAe~ cAritra-miyama rUpa nahIM haiM kintu niyamoM ke pAlana kA eka krama haiN| bahuta se niyamoM meM koI kisI niyama kA pahile abhyAsa karatA hai aura koI pIche, isaliye pratimAoM meM adalAbadalI honA svAbhAvika thA / phira inameM jitanA parivartana honA cAhiye thA utanA nahIM huA / isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki inakA yatheSTa pracAra na ho sakA / jainazAstroM meM pratimAoM ke sirpha tIna pATha mujhe mile haiM / sambhava hai aura bhI hoM / inameM eka to zvetAra sampradAya kA hai aura do digambara sampradAya ke / pAThakoM kI suvidhA ke liye maiM tInoM pATha eka sAtha de rahA hU~ | bhI tRtIyapATha mUlavata vrata arcA parvakarma akRSikriyA vicAmA prathamapATha 1 darzana 2 vrata 3 sAmAyika 4 proSadha 5 paDimA DimA 6 karjana dvitIyapATha darzana vrata sAmAyika proSadhIpavAsa sacittatyAga rAtribhukti tyAga

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348 ] 7 sacittAhAra varjana 8 svayamArambhavarjana 9 preSyArambhavarjana 10 uddiSTabhakta varjana 11 zramaNabhUtapratimA [ jainadharma-mImAMsA navavidhabrahma sacittavarjana parimahatyAga brahmacarya ArambhatyAga parigrahatyAga anumatityAga bhojanamAtrAnumodana tyAga anumatityAga pahilA pATha zvetAmbara sampradAya meM sarvamAnya hai / dUsarA tIsarA pATha digambara sampradAyakA haiM, parantu tIsarA na to pracalita hai aura na prasiddha hI hai | isakA vidhAna somadevasUri ne apane" yazatilaka * meM kiyA hai / isake atirikta chuTTI pratimA ke viSaya meM eka cauthA gaTha bhI hai / samantabhadra Adi AcAryoM ne isa pratimA kA nAma rAtribhutityAga arthAt rAtri meM cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga, rakkhA hai; jaba ki somadeva AzAdhara Adi ne isakA nAma rAtribhuktatrata * mUlavataM vratAnyarcA parvakamA kRSi kiyaa| divA navAbadhaM brahma sacittasya vivarjanam // parigraha parityAga bhuktimAtrAnumAnyatA | vRddhAnAM ca vadantyetAnyakAza yathAkramam // avadhitratamArohe pUrva pUrvavrata sthitaH / sarvatrApi samA proktA jJAnadarzanabhAvanAH || gRhiNI jJeyA trayaH syubrahmacAriNaH / bhikSukA dvau tu nirdiSTa tataH syAtsarvato yatiH // annaM pAna khAyaM yaM nAzrAti yo vibhAvayama | sa ca rAtribhuktivirataH sattveSvanukampamAnamanAH / -ratna ka0 zrA0 5-21 /

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pratimA ] [319 divAmaithunavirati rakkhA hai / aura isakA artha kiyA hai dina meM* maithuna nahIM karanA / isa matabheda ke milAne se pratimAoM ke cAra pATha ho jAte haiN| pahile pATha kA- jo zvetAmbara sampradAya meM pracalita hai-anya pAThoM se eka vizeSa matabheda aura hai aura vaha yaha ki svatAmbara pATha ke anusAra pratimAe~ parimita samaya ke liye haiM, jaba ki digambara matAnusAra pratimAe~ jIvana bhara ke liye lI jA sakatI haiN| zvetAmbara matAnusAra pahilI pratimA eka mahIne ke liye hai, dUsarI do mahIne ke liye, tIsarI tIna mahIne ke liye, isa prakAra gyArahavIM gyAraha mahIne ke liye / isa taraha saba pratimAoM ke abhyAsa meM sAI pA~ca varSa laga jAte haiN| sAtha hI yaha niyama bhI hai ki U~cI pratimA dhAraNa karane para nIcI pratimA kA dhAraNa kiye rahanA anivArya hai, isa prakAra gyArahavIM pratimA ke samaya bAkI dasa pratimAoM kA dhAraNa karanA anivArya hai / isa prakAra pahilI pratimA saba pratioM ke sAtha rahane se sAr3he pA~ca varSa taka rahegI, dUsarI pA~ca varSa pA~ca mAha, tIsarI pA~ca varSa tIna mAha, cauthI pA~ca varSa ityAdi / U~cI pratimAoM ke dhAraNa karane para nIcI pratimAoM kA dhAraNa karanA digambara sampradAya meM bhI anivArya hai / mahAtmA mahAvIra ne Azrama-vyavasthA kA virodha karake bhI usake tatva ko svIkAra kiyA thA / koI manuSya jimmedArioM ko zrI vairAgyanimittaikacittaH prAvRttanidhitaH / * yastridhAdi majennanI rAtrimatavatastu saH / -sAgAradharmAmRta 7-12 // -

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350 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsA chor3akara na bhAge, munisaMsthA meM Akara ke usake niyamoM kA maMga na kare, Adi bAtoM kA unane khUba dhyAna rakkhA thA / isaliye aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki ye pratimAe~ munisaMsthA ke ummedavAroM ke liye banAI gaI thIM, parantu pIche se sarva sAdhAraNa ke liye upayogI hone se sabhI ke liye ho gaI phira bhale hI vaha munisaMsthA kA umme davAra ho yA na ho| isI rUpa meM ina pratimAoM kA pracAra ho paayaa| muni saMsthA ke ummedavAroM ne to inakA bahuta kama upayoga kiyA hai / khaira, aba maiM ina pratimAoM kA sAmAnya paricaya dekara vartamAna yuga ke anukUla saMzodhana karU~gA / * darzana - zaMkAdi doSarahita samyagdarzana kA pAlana karanA | yaha artha zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM ko mAnya hai / parantu kisI kisI digambara lekhaka ne isameM niraticAra mUlaguNoM + pAlana kA bhI vidhAna kiyA hai| vrata- niraticAra 8 pA~ca aNuvratoM kA pAlana karanA | di $ * saMkAdi saha virahiya sammadaMsaNa juo u jo jantu / saguNa vimukkA esA khalu hoha paramA u / 4 samyagdarzanazuddha: saMsArazarIgbhAgani viNNaH / paJjagurucaraNazaraNo darzanikasa svapathagRjhaH / 5-16 0 ka0 / + pAkSikAcArasaMskAra dRr3hakita vizuddhadRk / vAGgAdhanirviNNaH parameSThipadekadhIH / 3-7 // nirmUlayanmalAnmUlaguNeSvapraguNotsukaH / nyAya vRtiM tanusthitya tanvan darzaniko mataH // 38 * saNa paDibAjucI pAlento'Nuvva nirahayAre / kampAiguNajao jIvo iha hoi vaya paDimA |

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pratimA ] [ 351 mbara sampradAya meM pA~ca aNuvratoM ke sAtha sAta zIlavatoM ke pAune hai| hA~, zIlavana meM aticAra bacAne kI z2arU ' kA bhI vidhAna rata nahIM hai| sAmAyika - prAtaHkAla, madhyAhnakAla aura sandhyAsamaya niraticAra sAmAyika karanA / proSadha - aSTamI caturdazI amAvasa aura pUrNimA ko upavAsa karanA / digambara sampradAya meM sirpha aSTamI caturdarzI kA vidhAna hai / paDimApaDimA - aSTamI aura caturdazI ko rAtri meM kAyotsarga karanA, snAna nahIM karanA; dina meM hI bhojana lenA; kA~cha nahIM lagAnA; dina meM sadA brahmacarya rakhanA aura parva - dinoM meM rAtri meM bhI brahmacarya rakhanA, zeSa dinoM meM bhI parimita brahmacarya rakhanA, kAyotsarga meM jinendra kA dhyAna karanA aura apane doSa dekhanA | abrahmavarjana- pUrNa brahmacarya pAlana karanA / acicAhAra varjana- vanaspati tathA kabe pAnI Adi kA tyAga karanA / hU~ niratikramaNamaNuvrata paJcakamapi zIlasatakaM cApi / dhArayate niHmA yo yo'sA pratinAmmato pratikaH // * sammamanya upAya sikkhAvayavizeSa nANIya | abhi usI paDimaM ThAyagarAIyaM // aNANa biDamoI maulikaDo divasa brahmacArI ba / rAI parimANako paDiyA baccesa diyahesa / zAyada paDimA tthio| tilAMepujje jiNe jiyakasAe / nidosa pacaNIya annaM vA paMca jAmAsA //

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352 ] [jainadharma-mImAMsa svayamArambha varjana- vyApAra dhandhe kA kAma apane hAtha se nahIM karanA, sirpha naukaroM se karAnA / pyArambha varjana- naukaroM se bhI ye kAma na karAnA / uddiSTabhakta varjana +- apane uddeza se banAyA huA bhojana bhI na karanA; sira mu~DAnA yA sirpha coTI rakhanA / zramaNabhRta pratimA- sira mu~DAnA yA lauca karanA; rajAharaNa oghA grahaNa karanA / digambara sampradAya meM pratimAoM ke jo pATha pracalita haiM unakA artha bhI itane se ho jAtA hai| jo kucha vizeSatA hai, vaha sAdhAraNa zabdArtha se samajhI jA sakatI hai| digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM hI pahilI pratimA kA nAma darzana - pratimA rakhate haiM / usameM samyagdarzana dhAraNa karane kA upadeza hai, cAritra kI koI vizeSa bAta nahIM hai / parantu samyagdarzana kA dhAraNa karanevAlA to sAdhAraNa jaina bhI hotA hai, phira isa pratimAdhArI meM usase kyA vizeSatA AI ? dUsare zabdoM meM yoM pUchA jA sakatA hai ki cauthe guNasthAna meM hI kSAyika samyaktva taka ho sakatA hai, jo ki pUrNa nirmala samyaktva hai; phira darzana pratimAghArI jo ki pA~caveM guNasthAna vAlA hai--usameM kyA vizeSatA hai ? yaha prazna bahuta se jaina lekhakoM ke sAmane rahA hai, parantu isa viSaya meM + uddikaDaM mataM pivajjae kimu ya sesamArambhaM / so hoi u khuramuMDo sihaliM vA dhArae kotri || maiM khuramuNDo loeNa va zyaharaNaM AmhaM ca ghattUrNa / error vihara dhammaM kAraNa phAsato || "

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pratimA ] unheM koI santoSakAraka samAdhAna nahIM milA, isaliye unane - darzana-pratimA ke bhItara mUlaguNoM kA bhI vidhAna banA DAlA, jaisA maiM pahile paM0 AzAdharajI kA uddharaNa dekara kaha AyA huuN| aura kisI kisI ne to isa pratimA kA nAma hI badalakara mUlavata' kara diyA hai, jaisA ki Ura sAmadevajI ke pATha meM batalAyA gayA yaha parivartana ucita hone para bhI yaha prazna rahatA hai ki pahile se hI isa pratimA kA nAma aura artha isa prakAra cAritrahIna kyoM rakkhA gayA ? muni banane ke liye vratoM kA abhyAsa to ThIka, kintu samyagdarzana ke abhyAsa karAne kI kyA z2arUrata thI ! isakA eka hI kAraNa dhyAna meM AtA hai, vaha yaha ki jaba mahAtmA mahAvIra yA pIche ke anya kisI AcArya ke pAsa koI aisA vyakti jisane jainadharbha dhAraNa nahIM kiyA hai-AtA thA aura unake upadeza se prabhAvita hokara ekadama muni bana jAnA cAhatA thA, taba usako samyagdarzana kA abhyAsa karAne kI bhI AvazyakatA hotI thii| aura prArambha meM to isI prakAra ke ummedavAroM kI saMkhyA bahuta hotI thI, isaliye vaha sAdhAraNa vidhAna banA diyA gayA / jaba janasamAja kI saMkhyA bar3ha gaI, muni banane ke liye adhikAMza ummedavAra jainasamAja meM se hI Ane lage, taba samyagdarzana ke abhyAsa kI z2arUrata na rahI aura pahilI pratimA meM kucha vratoM kA samAveza kiyA gayA / meM pahile kaha cukA hU~ ki 'pratimA' cAritra nahIM, kintu cAritra kA abhyAsakrama hai / jaise, zikSA saMsthAoM meM paThanakrama banAyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra yaha abhyAsakrama hai / paThanakrama meM

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354 ] [ jainadharma-mImAMsA I kabhI aura kahIM koI pustaka nIcI kakSA meM rahatI hai aura anyatra vahI U~cI kakSA meM bhI pahu~ca jAtI hai / cAritra ke abhyAsakrama meM bhI yahI bAta hai / AcAra kA eka niyama koI pA~cavIM pratimA meM rakhatA hai to koI sAtavIM meM yA AThavIM meN| isa prakAra pAThayakrama ke samAna cAritra kA abhyAsakrama bhI badalatA rahatA hai aura use badalate rahanA cAhiye | isake atirikta koI vidyApITha apanI par3hAI gyAraha bhAgoM meM vibhakta karatA hai; koI tIna yA cAra bhAgoM meM / isaliye koI gyAraha parIkSAe~ letA hai, koI tIna parikSAe~ letA hai / isI prakAra abhyAsakrama meM bhI bAta hai / vaidikadharma ne gRhastha aura vAnaprastha yA eka bAnaH prasthAzrama meM jo pATha par3hAyA vahI jainiyoM ne gyAraha bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA / Aja koI cAra pA~ca Adi bhAgoM meM vibhakta kara sakatA hai / abhyAsakrapa meM parivartana karane he yA nyUnAdhika bhAgoM meM vibhakta karane se kucha bhI hAni nahIM hai | asalI bAta to yaha hai ki manuSya ko pUrNa samabhAtrI nisvArtha arthAt mahAvratI banAyA jAya, bhale hI vaha bArAdRSTi se nivRtti pradhAna ho yA pravRtti pradhAna / 1 samaya samaya para pratimAoM ke naye naye vidhAnoM kI z2arUrata to rahegI hI, parantu dezakAla ke anusAra kucha pratimAoM kA vidhAna banAnA cAhiye, jisase agara koI kakSA ke anusAra apane jIvana kA vikAsa karanA cAhe to kara ske| parantu yaha bhI dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye ki agara koI ina kakSAoM meM nAma na likhAve to usako pramANapatra na milegA, parantu isI se vaha asaMyamI na kahalAyegA / jisa prakAra ucca zikSaNasaMsthAoM kA upayoga kiye binA bhI koI

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pratimA ] ucca vidvAna ho sakatA hai;-ho, use upAdhi yA pramANapatra na milegA - usI prakAra ina pratimAoM kI kakSA ke bAhara rahakara bhI kAI saMyamI raha sakatA hai / yaha to silasilevAra saMyama kA abhyAsa karane ke liye sulabha mArga hai / matalaba yaha ki jJAna zikSA ke samAna isa cAritra-zikSA kI bhI upayogitA samajhanA cAhiye / astu / gyAraha pratimAe~ ye haiM (1) mUlabata- sarvadharma samabhAva, sarvajAti-samabhAva, sudhArakatA (viveka), prArthanA, zIla, dAna, mAMsa-tyAga, madya-tyAga kA pAlana krnaa| (2) ahiMsakatA-pahile jo ahiMsA kI vyAkhyA kI hai usake anusAra usakA pAlana karanA / pratimAe~ abhyAsa ke liye hone se ahiMsA satya Adi ko judA-judA kara diyA hai| (3) satyavAditA- pahile jo satya kI aura acArya kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai tadanusAra unakA pAlana karanA / jhUTha bole binA yA jhUTha kA vyavahAra kiye binA corI nahIM ho sakatI, isaliye donoM kA tyAga eka sAtha honA cAhiye / sAdhAraNa gRhastha sthUla asala aura corI kA tyAga kara sakatA hai, isaliye vahI yahA~ abhISTa hai| . (1) kAmasantoSa-puruSa kA svapanI santuSTa honA tathA strI kA rUpatisantuSThA honaa| (5) parigraha parimANa- aparigraha ke vivecana meM apari. maha kI jo chaH zreNiyA~ batAI gaI hai unameM se pichalI tIna bheNiyoM meM se kisI eka zreNI meM rahanA /

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: 356 ] [ jaina dharma-mImAMsA (6) anarthadaMDa virati - isakA vivecana kucha pahile ' kiyA gayA 1 (7) bhogopabhoga - parisaMkhyAna- isakA bhI vivecana abhI hI huA hai / (8) zikSAta pahile jo sAta zikSAvrata batalAye gaye haiM una sabakA pAlana karanA / ( 9 ) niraticAritA - pahile jo ahiMsAdi pA~ca tratoM ke aticAra batalAye gaye haiM, unakA tyAga karanA | (10) indriya-jaya - isakA varNana mahAvratI ke gyAraha mUlaguNoM meM huA hai ! (11) aparigrahatA aparigraha kI jo chaH zreNiyA~ batalAI gaI haiM, unameM se pahilI tIna zreNiyoM meM se kisI eka zreNI meM rahanA / pratimAoM ke vivecana ke sAtha cAritra ke viSaya meM mukhyamukhya bAtoM kA saMkSipta vivecana samApta hotA hai / parantu Atmika vikAsa ke pUrvakrama ko samajhane ke liye guNasthAna ke vivecana para eka naz2ara DAla lenA z2arUrI hai / isa prakAra anta meM guNa-sthAnoM kA bhI saMkSepa meM vivecana kara diyA jAtA hai / guNasthAna yahA~ para guNa zabda kA artha AtmavikAsa kA aMza hai / AtmavikAsa ke aMza jyoM jyoM bar3hate jAte hai, tyoM tyoM guNasthAnoM kI vRddhi mAnI jAtI hai / guNasthAnoM ko caudaha mAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai | yaha varNana karane kI suvidhA ke liye hai; anyathA guNa 1 gayA

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guNasthAna ] [ 357 sthAna to asaMkhyAta haiM / isa viSaya meM AtmA kI jitanI pariNatiyA~ haiM, utane guNasthAna haiN| unako hama kalpanA se saGkalita karake amuka bhAgoM meM rakha sakate haiM / jisa prakAra nadI ke eka pravAha ko hama 'kosa' Adi ke kalpita mApoM se vibhakta kara sakate haiM parantu isase usa pravAha meM koI amiTa rekhAe~ nahIM bana jAtI, na vaha pravAha hI TUTatA hai jisase eka bhAga se dusarA bhAga bilakula alaga mAlUma par3e, isI prakAra guNasthAnoM kI bAta hai / eka guNa. sthAna se dUsare guNasthAna kI sImA isa prakAra bhir3I huI hai ki vaha eka pravAha-sA bana gayA hai| guNasthAnoM kA krama, darzana aura cAritra kA krama hai / ina donoM ke bhale-bure rUpoM kI vividhatA se yaha guNasthAna kA pravAha yA mArga banA hai / jJAna ke vikAsa se guNasthAna kA koI sambandha nahIM hai, kyoMki padArthoM ke jAnane na jAnana se guNasthAna baDhate ghaTate nahIM hai / nIce guNasthAnavAlA bhI adhika jJAnI ho sakatA hai aura u~ce guNasthAnavAlA bhI kama jJAnI ho sakatA hai| terahaveM guNasthAna meM jo jJAna kI pUrNatA batalAI jAtI hai, vaha satyatA kI dRSTi se hai, bAhya padAyoM kI dRSTi se nahIM hai| samyagdarzana aura samyakcAritra ko vibhakta karanA bhI bar3A kaThina hai| ve eka dUsare meM isa prakAra anupraviSTa hai ki unameM zabdika antara ktalAnA bhale hI sarala ho, parantu gambhIra vicAra karane para vaha antara miTa-sA jAtA hai / athavA ve eka hI mArga ke pUrvApara bhAga kI taraha mAlUma hone lagate haiM ! ina donoM ke abheda kA nirdeza karane ke liye jaina-zAkhoM kI do bAteM acchI vicAra

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358) jinadharma-mImAMsA sAmagrI detI haiM / eka to yaha ki samyagdarzana aura samyakcAritra / kA ghAta eka hI karma ke dvArA hotA hai jise ki mohanIya-karma kahate haiM / jaba ki juDhe-jude guNoM kA ghAta karane ke liye judejude karma haiM to sirpha samyagdarzana aura samyakracAritra ke ghAta ke liye hI eka karma kyoM rakkhA gayA ? isakA kAraNa donoM kI bhabhinnatA hai, dUsarI bAta yaha ki samyagdarzana ke sAtha svarUpAcaraNa cAritra avazya hotA hai / svarUpAcaraNa eka aisA cAritra hai ki jisako bAhyAcAra ke rUpa meM pariNita karanA kaThina hai, yA bAbAcAra ke rUpa batalA sakanA azakya hai| vaise deza-virati mahAvrata aura yathAkhyAta cAritra (pUrNasamabhAva ) bhI svarUpAcaraNa arthAt / mAtmA ke bhItara kA AcaraNa hai parantu isakA bAhyarUpa bhI dikhalAI detA hai, isaliye unake nAma dUsare rakha diye gaye haiM / samyagda. rzana ke sAtha svarUpAcaraNa kA avinAbhAva batalAnA bhI donoM ke abheda kA sUcaka hai / saca to yaha hai ki samyagdarzana ke rUpa meM hama jisa bAta kA vivecana karate haiM vaha to svarUpAcaraNa-cAritra se pariSkRta kiyA huA jJAna hai / usI kA sAhacarya kharUpAcaraNa se batalAyA jAtA hai / samyagdarzana cAritra kI eka anivarcanIya prArambhika avasthA hai / isadhyei pahile cAra guNasthAna samyagdarzana ! se sambandha rakhate haiM, aura pichale samyaka cAritra se, yaha kahanA bhI eka dhArA ke kalpita bheda karane ke samAna hai / ra, guNasthAna ke vivecana ke liye yahA~ inameM bheda mAnanA Avazyaka hai| cAritra ke stRita vivecana ke bAda aura guNasthAna kA saMkSepa meM ma batalAdene ke bAda aba yaha kahane kI jarUrata nahIM rahatI ki

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guNasthAna ] [ 359 guNasthAnoM ke bheda nyUnAdhika kara diye jAya to kucha hAni nahIM hai / eka mArga ke bIsa kosa ke bIsa bhAga kalpita karane kI apekSA agara koI pA~ca pA~ca yojana ke cAra bhAga kareM yA cAlIsa mIla ke cAlIsa bhAga kareM to isase mArga choTA bar3A nahIM honevAlA hai / vyavahAra kI suvidhA dekhanA cAhiye / yahI bAta guNasthAnoM kI hai / Ajakala guNasthAna caudaha mAne jAte haiM / yahA~ inakA saMkSepa meM paricaya diyA jAtA hai| (1) midhyAtva - jaba prANI meM samyadarzana aura samyak cAritra bilakula nahIM hotA, taba vaha isa zreNI meM rahatA hai| choTe kIDoM se lagAkara bar3e bar3e paNDita, tapastrI, rAjA Adi taka isa zreNI meM rahate hai, kyoMki vAstavika Atmadarzana ke binA unakI anya unnati kA kucha mUlya nahIM hai / (2) sAsAdana - mithyAtva guNasthAna meM jo anantAnubandhI kaSAya hotI hai - kaSAya-vAsanA ke prakaraNa meM jisakA vivecana pahile kiyA gayA hai - vaha yahA~ bhI hotI hai, isaliye isa guNasthAna bAle kI ginatI bhI midhyAstriyoM meM kI jAtI hai| isIliye mithyAtvI ke samAna isa guNasthAna ke jIva kA bhI ajJAnI kahA jAtA hai / parantu isake midhyAtva nahIM hotA, isaliye mithyAtra guNasthAna se yaha uccazreNI kA guNasthAna haiM / parantu jaba anantAnubandhI kaSAya A gaI, taba midhyAstra Ane meM dera nahIM lagatI / isaliye isa guNasthAna vAlA zIghra hI mithyAtva guNasthAna meM pahu~ca jAtA hai / sAsAdana kA samaya eka saikiNDa se

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360 [ jainadharma mImAMsA bhI thor3A hai / jaba koI samyaktvI samyaktra se bhraSTa hotA hai taba bIca meM ekAdha saikiNDa ke liye yaha avasthA prApta karatA hai / sAsAdana-vAle ko mithyAtva guNasthAna meM jAne ke sivAya dusarA koI mArga hI nahIM hai| (3) mizra-isa guNasthAna meM anantAnubandhI kaSAya nahIM hotI, isaliye yaha uparyukta donoM zreNiyoM se U~cI zreNI kA guNasthAna hai parantu isameM pUrNa viveka prApta nahIM hotA; samyaktva aura mithyAtva kA mizraNa hotA hai, isaliye isa guNasthAna ko mizra guNasthAna kahate haiN| jisa samaya kisI nIva ko satya kA darzana hotA hai, taba vaha Azcaryacakti-sA ho jAtA hai / usake purAne saMskAra usako pIche kI ora khIMcate haiM aura satya kA darzana use Age kI ora khIMcatA hai / yaha cakita avasthA thor3e samaya ke liye hotI hai / isake bAda yA to vaha mithyAtva meM hI gira par3atA hai yA satya ko prApta karatA hai| (4; avirata samyaktva- isameM jIva samyagdRSTi ho jAtA hai / samyaktva kA varNana pahilaM kara cuke haiM / samyaktva ke sAtha svarUpAcaraNa cAritra bhI hotA hai yaha bAta bhI pahile kahI jA cukI hai| phira bhI ise avirata kahA hai| isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki isakA saMyama itanA halakA rahatA hai ki usakA mAnasika vAcanika aura kAyika prabhAva spaSTa nahIM ho pAtA, athavA sAdhAraNa gRhastha kI apekSA bhI kama pragaTa hotA hai| hA~, yaha samyAdRSTi avazya bana jAtA hai|

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guNasthAna] [ 361 isa prakAra ke samyagdRSTi tIna taraha ke hote haiM-vedaka, 'aurazamika aura kssaayik| daka samyaktva use kahate haiM ki jisameM satya kA darzana to ho jAtA hai, usa para dRr3ha vizvAsa bhI ho jAtA hai, parantu nAma kA moha raha jAtA hai / jaina-zAstroM meM isakA sundara spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai / yadhapi usameM kucha saMzodhana kI z2arUrata hai parantu vaha dizAnirdeza acchI taraha se karatA hai / ve kahate haiM ki yadi kisI ne mUrti banAI ho aura vaha yaha kahe ki yaha mer|* deva hai to vaha usakA isa prakAra mUrtiyoM meM 'mere-tere' kA bhAna A jAnA samyaktva kA eka dUSaNa hai / yadyapi isase samyaktva naSTa to nahIM jhetA, phira bhI kucha malina z2arUra ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra tIrthakaroM meM samAnatA hone para bhI kisI vizeSa kA thor3A pakSapAta honA bhI eka doSa hai, isase samyaktva malina hotA hai, yadyapi vaha naSTa nahIM hotA; kyoMki dUsare tIrthaMkaroM kI usameM avahelanA niMdA Adi nahIM hotI hai| ina udAharaNoM se itanA to spaSTa hotA hai ki nAmAdi ke pakSapAta se samabhAva meM thor3A-sA maila lagAne se samyaktva kucha * svakArita'IcatyAdau devo'yaM me'nyakArite / anyasyAyamiti mrAmyan mohADrAddho'pi ceSTate / -gommaTasAra jIvakANDa 25 ttiikaa| 2 samapyanantazaktitva sarveSAmahaMtAmayaM / devo'smai prabhuraSo'smAityAsthA sudazAmapi / -go. jI0 kA 25 //

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362 (jainadharma-mImAMsA azuddha ho jAtA hai / aise jIva ko vedaka samyaktrI kahate haiM, kyoMki isameM moha kA kucha vedana anubhava hotA . rhtaa....| aupazamika aura kSAyika samyaktva meM yaha maila nahIM rahatA, isaliye vizuddhi kI dRSTi se ye vedaka kI apekSA kucha ucca haiM / aupazamika samyaktva bahuta thor3e samaya ke liye hotA hai aura kSAyika sadA ke liye hotA hai / yahI ina donoM meM antara hai|| satyasamAja ke udAharaNa se isa viSaya ko kucha spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai, satyaptamAja ke naiSThika sadasya ko aupazamika yA kSAyika samyaktvI kahanA cAhiye aura pAkSika sadasya ko vedaka-samyagdRSTi / yadyapi donoM hI sarvadharma-samabhAvI haiM, parantu pAkSika ko kucha purAne nAma kA moha hai| pAkSika aura naiSThika kA yaha antara svarUpa kI dRSTi se batalAyA gayA hai, na ki sAmAjika vyavasthA kI dRSTi se / kyoMki koI vyakti amuka paristhiti ke kAraNa pAkSika sadasya banA ho, yA sadasya hI na banA ho, to bhI vaha naiSThika ho sakatA hai| aura paristhiti vaza naiSThika bananevAlA bhI pAkSika yA anumodaka ho sakatA hai| isaliye sadasyoM meM taratamabhAva na rakhakara sirpha usake vAstavika svarUpa meM taratamatA samajhanA cAhiye, tathA yaha bAta bhI dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye ki satyasamAja kA sadasya na hone para bhI koI vyakti samyagdRSTi, mahAtmA, pUrNa samabhAvI bana sakatA hai / satyasamAja kI sadasyatA to sirpha isaliye hai ki suvidhApUrvaka saMgaThita hokara satya kA pracAra kiyA jA sake aura use jIvana meM utArA jA ske| (5) dezavirati- samyagdarzana ke sAtha isameM deza saMyama

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guNasthAna ] bhI hotA hai / gyAraha pratimAoM ke rUpa meM dezavirati kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| ___ (6) pramattavirati-isameM ahiMsA Adi pA~ca mahAboM kA pAlana hotA hai, yA sAdhu-saMsthA ke gyAraha mulaguNoM kA pAlana hotA hai / parantu yahA~ pramAda rahatA hai / kabhI kabhI kartavya kArya sAmane rahane para bhI AlasyAdi ke vaza se jo anAdara buddhi paidA ho jAtI hai, use pramAda kahate haiM / vikathA, kaSAya, indiyaviSaya, nidrA aura praNaya ye pramAda ke bheda haiM / yahA~ yaha bAta dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye ki inake hone se hI pramAda nahIM ho jAtA; kintu jaba inakI tIvratA itanI hotI hai ki kartavya kArya meM bhI anAdara buddhi paidA karade tabhI inheM pramAda-rUpa kaha sakate haiM, anyathA nahIM / isaliye kisI ko sote dekhakara yaha na samajhanA cAhiye ki yaha prayAdI hai, kintu asamaya meM sote dekhakara, adhika samaya taka sote dekhakara use pramAdI kaha sakate haiN| isI prakAra kaSAya kI bAta hai| yoM to kaSAya sUkSyasAMparAya guNasthAna taka rahatI hai, parantu vahA~ pramAda nahIM mAnA jAtA / zArIrika AvazyakatAvaza kevalI bhI sotA hai, parantu yaha pramAdI nahIM hai| (7) apramata virati-pramAda ke na rahane para apramatta guNasthAna hotA hai / saMyamI manuSya saikar3oM bAra pramatta aura apramatta avasthA meM parivartana karatA rahatA hai / kartavya meM utAha kA banA rahanA apramatta avasthA hai, vaha avasthA sadA nahIM rahatI, isalie ghor3e hI samaya meM phira pramattatA A jAtI hai|

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364] [jainadharma-mImAMsA (8-9) apUrvakaraNa, anivRttikaraNa-ina donoM guNa-: sthAnoM kI AvazyakatA nahIM mAlUma hotI hai / vAstava meM inheM sAtaveM guNasthAna meM hI zAmila rakhanA cAhiye / apUrvakaraNa arthAt samabhAva ke aise apUrva pariNAma, jo use pahile kabhI nahIM mile the| kisI bhI prakAra kA Atmika utthAna hote samaya pariNAmoM meM aisI nirmalatA AtI hai, jo ikadama naI mAlUma hotI hai / usI kA nAma aparvakaraNa hai / jaba jIva mithyAtvI se samyaktvI banatA hai, taba bhI aise hI naye pariNAma hote haiM / hA~, ve samyaktra ke anurUpa hote haiM, isaliye yahA~ kI apekSA choTI zreNI ke hote haiM, parantu hai ve apUrvakaraNa / jaba unako vahA~ nayA guNasthAna nahIM banAyA, taba inako yahA~ nayA guNasthAna banAne kI z2arUrata nahIM hai| yahI bAta anivRttikaraNa ke viSaya meM hai / yaha pariNAmoM kI vaha avasthA hai jaba isa zreNI ke anya prANiyoM ke pariNAmoM se usake pariNAmoM kA bheda nahIM rhtaa| ina avasthAoM meM itanA kama antara hai ki inake liye svataMtra guNasthAna banAne kI jarUrata nahIM mAlUma hotI : vikAroM ko dUra karane kI taratama avasthAoM ko vistAra se samajhAne ke liye inheM alaga guNasthAna banAyA gayA hai| Ajakala usa vistAra ko samajhAnA kaThina hai / vaha to jambUsvAmI ke sAtha hI calA gayA / Ajakala bhI vaha avasthA prApta hotI hai, parantu usakA zreNI vibhAga dUsare hI DhaMga kA hogA / khaira, yahA~ kahanA itanA hI hai ki jisa prakAra samyakvotpatti ke aparvakaraNa anivRtti varaNa ko prathama guNasthAna meM zAmila rakkhA, usI prakAra pUrNasaMyama kI utpatti ke apUrvakaraNa anivRttikaraNa ko apamattavirati

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guNasthAna ] meM zAmila rakhanA caahiye| (10) sUkSmasAMparAya- yaha avasthA yathAkhyAta saMyama ke ati nikaTa kI hai / isameM kisI se dveSa to rahatA hI nahIM hai, parantu thor3A-sA rAga raha jAtA hai, jo ki pUrNa samabhAva meM kamI karatA hai| (11) upazAMta moha / ye donoM pUrNasamabhAva ke (12) kSINamoha / guNasthAna haiM / inameM antara itanA hI hai ki upazAMta-mohI kA samabhAva sthANaM nahIM hotA, jaba ki kSANanohI kA sthAyI rahatA hai| (13) sayoga kevalI- kSINamoha hone para hI pUrNa satya kI prApti hotI hai / bilakula akaSAya hokara jaba manuSya satya kI khoja karatA hai, taba use bhagavAna satya ke darzana hote haiM / yahI AtmA kA parama vikAsa hai / isI avasthA meM vaha kevalI ahanta, sarvajJa, jIvanmukta, sthitiprajJa Adi kahalAtA hai / upazAMtamohI isa avasthA ko prApta nahIM kara pAtA, kyoMki isa avasthA ko prApta hone para phira kisI kA patana nahIM hotaa| . (14) ayoga kevalI - mRtyu ke samaya kevalI karIba eka sekeNDa ke liye pUrNa nizcala ho jAtA hai / vahI nizcalAvasthA ayogakevalI kI avasthA hai / nivRtti pradhAna hone se vartamAna jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra 113 guNasthAna meM ratnatraya [samyagdarzana jJAna cAritra ] kI pUrNatA mAnI jAtI haiM / parantu vAstava meM vaha terahaveM meM hI ho jAtI hai / isa prakAra AtmA ke krama-vikAsako batalAnevAle 14 guNasthAna haiM / apUrvakaraNa aura anivRttikaraNa ko apramacavirati

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366 ) (jainadharma-mImAMsA meM zAmila karane se 12 hI kahe jA sakate haiN| upNshaar| __ cAritra kA vistRta vivecana kara diyA hai / sAmAyika pari. sthiti ke kAraNa jaina-zAstroM meM cAritra kA varNana nivRttipradhAna kahA gayA hai| vaha bhI ThIka hai, parantu maiMne yahA~ usake donoM paha. luoM ko samatola rakhane kI koziza kI hai / bhaviSya meM jaba kisI eka tarapha adhika jora par3a jAya to dUsarI tarapha bhI jora DAlakara use samataula kara denA cAhiye / isa varNana meM eka bAta bahuta se jaina-bandhuoM ko khaTaka sakatI hai ki muni saMsthA meM gRhastha saMsthA se bahuta kama bheda rakkhA gayA hai, isaliye bhaviSya meM isakA zIghra durupayoga hogaa| isake uttara meM merA kahanA hai ki munisaMsthA kA jo Aja durupayoga ho rahA hai, vaha kucha kama nahIM hai / bAhara se aparigrahatA kA jo daMbha-jAla phailA huA hai, usake kAraNa usakA sudhAra bhI kaThina ho rahA hai / tathA samAja ke upara usakA aisA bojha hai ki agara samAja use na uThAve to samAja ko nAka kaTa jAne kA Dara hai| maiMne isa duHparisthiti se bacAva kiyA hai / agara zIghra durupayoga bhI hogA to bhI usakA sudhAra bhI zIghra hogA, kyoMki aise sAdhuoM kA nirvAha karane ke liye samAja kucha ba~dhI huI nahIM hai / unheM apane peTa ke liye majUrI karanA par3egI aura itane para bhI unake marane ke bAda unakI sampatti para samAja kA adhikAra hogaa| yaha eka aisA niyama hai ki isase sAdhusaMsthA ke durupayoga meM kaThi

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upasaMhAra ] 367 nAI hogI tathA sudhAra meM saralatA hogii| isake atirikta vartamAna meM unako sevA karane ke jo adhika mauke mileMge, ve alaga | "yuga niyama kaise bhI banAye jaoNya, parantu saba jagaha viveka kI AvazyakatA to rahatI ho hai / jaba taka viveka rahegA tabhI taka niyama kAma kreNge| bAda meM unameM saMzodhana karanA hogA / isaliye sAdhusaMsthA ke parivartita rUpa se ghabarAne kI z2arUrata nahIM hai / cAritra kA marma samajhane ke liye tathA vartamAna samaya meM sAdhusaMsthA meM karmaNyatA tathA sevA kA pATha bharane ke liye yaha ucita parivartana kiyA gayA hai / samyagdarzana jJAna caritra ye jainadharma ke mukhya viSaya haiM / chaH adhyAyoM kI isa vistRta mImAMsA meM inhIM kI mImAMsA kI gaI hai / [ chaDDA adhyAya samApta ] ( jainadharma-mImAMsA samAsa ]

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satyabhakta sAhitya satyasamAja ke saMsthApaka svAmI satyabhaktajI ne dhArmika sAmAjika rASTrIya antarrASTrIya tathA jIvana zuddhi viSayaka jo vizAla mAhitya racA hai, jo gya, padya, nATaka, kathA Adi aneka rUpa meM buddhi aura. mana para asAdhAraNa prabhAva DAlanevAlA hai use ekabAra avazya par3hiye / 1 satyAmRtamAnava-dharma-zAstra [ dRSTikAMDa ]. 1) 2 satyAmRta [ AcArakAMDa) aisA mahAzAstra jo saba dharmoM kA nicor3a kahA jA sakatA hai aura jisameM dhArmika sAmAjika rASTrIya antarASTrIya vyAvahArika AdhyAtmika Adi jIvana ke hara pahalU para pUrA prakAza DAlA gayA hai aura jo aneka dRSTiyoM se maulika hai| 3 nirativAda-bhArata kI paristhiti ke anusaar| sAmyavAda kA rUpa... 1 satya-saMgIta-sarvadharmasamabhAvI prArthanAoM aura jIvana-zedhaka gItoM kA saMgraha.... 5 kurAna kI jhAMkI-kurAna meM Aye hue upadezoM kA saMgraha ) 6 jainadharma-mImAMsA [bhAga 1].... 7 jainadharma-mImAMsA [ bhAga 2]..... 8 jainadharma mImAMsA (bhAga 3) .... , jainadharma meM AI I vikRtiyoM aura usakI apUrNatA ko haTAkara usakA saMzodhita rUpa /

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