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Ma, 1877.]
Y
BOOK NOTICES.
147
descriptions of little known and, in some instances, unidentified buildings, such as the tombs of the Sayyad and Lodi, kings; a rather full account of the royal and other cemeteries at the village of Mahrauli; and the production of a readable de. scription of the principal Moghul public buildings of the modern city, Generally speaking, the author has, while collecting and condensing all that has been written by others, supplied the deficiencies in detail left by General Cunningham and his assistants. In this way the work done in the shape of dry but useful specifications and measurements is immense, and a marked foature of the book, --quite two hundred distinct sites and monuments being thus placed beyond the hazard of the entire effacement which sooner or later accompanies the arlyantages of British rule.
With respect to Lalkot (the first of the forts of old Dehli), Mr. Carr Stephen differs from General Cunningham, as others have done, and apparently with justice. Our author, disbelieves: altogether in its existence as a fortress. It is questionable, however, whether hig, agreement with. General Cunningham in regard to the southern boundary of Debli Shershahi (the last Pathån capital).,can be accepted 88, final until he disposes of the insurmountable, stambling-block of the 80-called LAL Darwazê, nearly opposite Dinpanah. This gateway (which should not be confounded with the other L4L Darwaza of Dehli Shersháhi, which is more properly called the Kabuli Darwêze, and stands opposite Firuz Shah's Kotila) is situated more than a mile within General Cunningham's southern bonndary, and it impresses one on inspection, either as a grand-port of the southern wall, or the remains of some inner rampart. Al. though the southern boundary wall of Sher, Shah's capital may be fixed below Humayun's tomb, on the authority of Finch and others, no traces of it have been found there, and, until something tangi ble is discovered, one is warranted in considering the Lal Darwêzê near Dinpanah as marking the real southern:boundary of the walled city, and the streets and the buildings so plainly markea outside it as extramural suburbs. The author
eneral Cunningham with respect to the site of Siri (the city of Alau'd-din Khilji, the conqueror of the Dakhan and the second 'king of the third Pathani dynasty), and disposes for ever of the nttempts made to fix it near the Kutby
In the cases of most of these city sites Mr. Carr Stephen has omitted to perform one useful task, --that, namely, of describing the ground as it now RE !!
! LOL ! 1. To this list of deficiencies we ada a few blemishes which have escaped,deteqtion in the pepofa: 'The Haus'Alai can scarcely have had "stone and masonry wall" (p. 83). The foundation, not the walls, of the Kalan Masjid must be "six feet deep" (p. 140). The "stamp" of Firus Sheh's
lies under cultivation or mounds of ruins. He has preferred the more attractive duty of treating of the appearance and remains of the solid public buildings scattered over their areas. This re
inds us of the extreme want there is of large scale archæological map, of old Debli. That of Lieutenant Burgess, plotted from survey in 1849-50, is the only one existing that we are aware of. It is good so far as it goes, but the boundaries of some of the cities are unreliable, and it not only omits to mark important standing, buildings, but is also on too small a scale to allow of the loca, tion of strepte end of minor ruins being delineated
We have already referred to some of the deficiencies of the book. To these must be added the want of any mention of the canals; the gardens (including the famous Shalamar); the palaces of nobles in the modern city, and of such buildings as the Jaina temple and Badli-kd-Sarai. Generally, too, the modern city is not described in sufficient detail. All the important Moghul baildings are specified, but there is little or no account of the streets as they now lie compared with those of former times, and there is nothing about the baths, wells, garais, sewers, and other domestic works, which, taking Lähor as an instance, are so curibus'in Muhammadan cities..
. The canals were well worthy of a page or two. The walled garden's have of late gears sb rapidly decreased in number that, unless they are described and measured at once, all "traide of them will be lost. When last in Dehli, in 1873, we had difficulty in finding Shalamar at all, and when we got there we found the famous Imperial Garden had almost 'disappeared. All that remained was an angle of the enclosure wall, surmounted by a common plaster-domed pavilion, and two palety 'baraddris, one of which & locat agriculturist digui
fied by the name of Shish Mahal. The remsitis of some of the minor gardens are much more splendid, several having imposing gateways of fitie ma terlal. Not far from Shalamat is Badli-ka-Sarai, rendered famous by the engagement of June 1857. It is a small rectangular enclosure, with massive high battlemented walls of brick. It reeked with smoke and filth.
Håd "space allowed, we should have liked to enter into some discussion of the very numerous points in the archaeology of Dehlt yet remaining unsettled. Every page of such a work as that under notice reminds one of how much remains to be done, but any attempt of the kind would be impossible here. $0.33 :
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4 . no deplotewhich is referredito ( ) As being on the fifth story of the Kath, Miner, must, mean the final or kalas. It octagonal Paviliona manned the ware of the garden of Jeh lara Begabo (
p 50), they are to be lenvidd... At p. 192 there is "oylinder with 16 siden."
