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JUNE, 1877.]
THREE NEW EDICTS OF ASOKA.
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have now been abjured. For through exertion (comer) this reward, and it cannot be obtained by greatness. For & small (man) who exerts himself somewhat can gain for himself great heavenly bliss. And for this purpose this sermon has been preached : "Both great ones and small ones should exert themselves, and should in the end gain (true) knowledge, and this manner (of acting) should be, what? Of long daration. For this spiritual good will grow the growth, and will grow exceedingly, at the least it will grow one (size) and a half." And this matter has been caused to be written on the hills ; (where) & stone pillaris, (there) it has been written on a etone pillar. And as often as (man brings) to this writing ripe thought, (so often) will he rejoice, (learning to subdue his senses. This sermon has been preached by the Departed. 256 (years have elupsed) since the departure of the Teacher.
Transcript of the Bairát Edict.| Devâna piye âhâ sâtislekáni) ....... i.e. sa ....-1Vasa-nam ya haka upå sake n[o] cha bâdham. . .. .... .... . . 2 am mamaya samghe papayite [ba]ąha[] cha. .............-3jambudipasi amisa-nam deva-hi ... vi..... [pala )kamasi esa [phalle(n)o hi ese mahatane vachakaye ......... ...... (pala]rumamimenâ ya ....... pa-5vipule pi évange [sa]kye aladheta(v)e.... .......... [khuda]kâ cha udal cha palakamatu ti-6amte pi janamta ti chilathitiske).... [vi]pulam pi vadhisati-7diyadhiyam vadhisati (8 phra) 56 ....... ........-8
Index of Words occurring in the three Edicts. Av, S. 1, 2; B. 3 = Sansk. yat: compare Dhauli VI. 3, 5; sep. ed. I. 2, &c.
6 The original has a double meaning. The other meaning is. And as often as (a man seasons Mis) boiled rice with this condiment he will be satisfied, falling into & state of aanvara, i.e. that state of intense satisfaction and repletion in which he closes his eyes from pleasure, and suspends the activity of the senses generally.
|| Materials used : Cunningham, Corp. Inscr. vol. I. plate XIV., and a cloth copy made by Pandit Bhagvanlal Indraji.
L. 1. Cloth copy; devinam. The remnants of three letters towards the end of the line are also from the latter.
L. 2. Corp. Inecr.: paka. Cloth copy shows lower part of n(o). Corp. Inscr.: badhi. Cloth copy has remnants of these letters towards the end of the line.
L. 8. Corp. Inscr.: payaye ate and badhi. In the cloth oopy the top of dha is wanting.
L. 4. Cloth copy : amisd-na deve pi and omita vi. I oon. jecture amisd-narh dewa-Av[su to dalm. Portions of the lettere laka appear on the cloth copy; Corp. Inscr.: masi
4th an, S. 7; at haya, S. 5, R. 4, a the; S. 5, R=Sansk.artha, Pali attho : compare Dhauli IV. 7, V. 7, &c. and pillar edicts.
Ahi, R. 4 = Sansk. asti: compare Dhauli IX. 1, &c. - .
[Adhitiyani, S. 1, a vicarious form for the following = "adhitihani; compare Panjabt ih, thirty, and ikatti, thirty-one, bth, twenty, and panji, twenty-five, &c.
Adhitis dni, S.1 = Sansk.ardhadvi-trimadni, Gujarati adhitle: compare also adha- kosikydni), Delhi sep. ed. 2. Regarding Sansk. ardha = adrdla see Pct. Dict. 8. v. ardha. Adhi or closely allied forms occur in all the modern Prakrits.
At 4, R. 3 = amta = Sansk, amtat.
Athi, s.7 = Sansk. asti with the meaning of the plural santi: compare Childers' Pali Drict. g.v. atthi, and Delhi sep. ed. 11, ata athi sildthambhani.
Antalena, S. 2. = Sansk. antarena : compare Dhauli, e.g. IV. 1, and pillar edicts.
Ant d, S. 5 = Sansk. antat. Ante, B. 7 = Sansk. ante. A paladhiyend, R. 4=Sansk. aparardhyena. Amis d, R. 2 = Sansk. amishat. Amis d-na n, B. 4= amishat + nanu.
A via misan, S. 3, mistake or vicarious form for amisan -- Sansk. amisham : compare, regarding nasalization, Kuhn, Beiträge Pali Gra.n. p. 33, and Dhauli II. 3. Anni=dni = ydni, &c.
Avaladhiyend, S.6= Sansk. avardrdhyena.
Ahale, R.5=Pali dhdro : Bee Childers' Dict. 6. v. For the change in the quantity of the initial 4 compare Kuhn, loc. cit. pp. 29-30, Dhauli IX. 1, abadhesu = dbddhesu, &c.
Ahus a vh, ahusu : see husam, husu.
Årodhane, R. 3, mistake for drddhave = Sansk. drdddhadyah: compare Girnar VI. 12. - Tave, i.e. tavue = Sansk. tavyah, occurs in the pillar edicts.
Aid (dh ay it a)(e), eladhetave, S. 4, B. 6: see the preceding, and compare Dhauli IX. 7, &c.
Ahd, S. 1, K. 1, B. 1= Sansk. dha. Ima, S. 7 = iman = Sansk. imam.
I m dya, R. 2 = Sansk. asmai : compare Girnar III. 3.
L. 5. Corp. Inscr. begins the line ha hi, the cloth copy shows o clearly. Corp. Inscr.: mapatane. I think maha. tana should be read, as the word forms a compound with vachakaye. Read pala]kamaminend. The cloth copy omita ya ...... pa, which are not easily explained.
L. 6. Cloth copy : vipule hinh svage takye; Corp. Inscr.: vipule pi svarhge kiye. The above reading is conjectural, but supported by the analogy of 8. and R. Possibly sakiye may be the right form. Towards the end Corp. Inscr. reada [khuda]ka che, which is incorrect.
L. 7. Cloth copy omits am(te), show half a ta instead of ti in chilathitilke), and omite pu in (ripular.
L. 8. Cloth copy : diyadhiya. udhasats, and omits the numeral signs. I must confess that I doubt the correctos of the latter, on socount of their position.
The references to the pablished edicta refer to Mr. Burgess's Girner facrimiles, and to the plates of General Cunningham's Corp. Inscript. Ind. vol. L, which he he k indly forwarded to me.
