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No. 12.) UDAYAMBAKAM GRANT OF KRISHNADEVARAYA : SAKA 1450. 169
tasmat (. 22). There is the usual confusion in the writing of the sibilants; cf. bhabhafë for babhāsé (1. 17), bhūyase srēyasë for bhūyasē śrēyasē (1. 54), sasāsa for fasása (1. 27), chatu-simi for chatus-simā (1. 84) and sishya for fishya (4, 86, 87). It is interesting to note that in the Podayar and Kättapatta grantl of the same king six years earlier we find shishya written for fishya (1. 82). Thus all three letters fa, sa, sha were used indiscriminately. The influence of the Dravidian languages in the pronunciation of Sanskrit words is clear in tambra for tāmra it. 1. 93, and in varusha for varsha in 1. 96. Udayambākam, the name of the village granted, is spelt Wudayambakam as the result of the same influence.
The inscription records the grant of Udayambākam, a village near Tirukkalukkunram in the Chingleput district, by Ksishộadēva Rāya of the second Vijayanagara dynasty to Sadāśiva Sarasvati, the disciple of Chandrasekhara Sarasvati of the Sankarāchārya matha at Conjeeveram.
It is noteworthy that in this grant, and in that of Podavůr referred to above, there is no special purpose for which the grant was made, as in the grant of Vijaya-Gandagðpala--which expressly says that it was made for the attainment of the highest dharma'by feeding 108 Brahmans every day. The terms of the gift are the same as those given in the other plates of the king. It is curious that, though the gift was made to the Acharyas of the matha and their descendants in the apostolic line, it is not made inalienable, as we should have expected ; Bhöktun dātum chapi nij-échchhaya' (v. 41).
The date of the grant is Saka 1450, the cyclio year Virodhin, month Vaisakha, con. stellation Visakha, and tithi Purnima.
Many of the names of places given in the grant correspond to the names of villages in the district of Chingloput:
Tirkkale-kunnarēndāru' is probably the modern Tirukkalukkupram, the hill of the garred kites,' which is mach resorted to as a place of pilgrimage, or may it be Tirukkāļi kkāda in the Conjeereram Taluk ?
Kaļattūr is another name for Ottivākkam, five miles from Chinglepat town, and a station on the South Indian Railway.
Manappakkam is an insignificant village, mile from Kalattar. Udayambakam, the object of our grant, is about 4 or 5 miles from Kalattir, Kshira-nadi is the Sanskrit name of the Palar river. Prallayannur is the modern Palayanür in the Madurāntakam Sub-District. Punyapattu is Punnampatta in the Chingleput Sub-District.
The name of the donoe is Sadasiva Sarasvati, & papil of Chandrasekhara Sarasynti. Chandrasekhara and Chandrachada are variant forms of the same name. Further, the name Chandrasēkhara in our grapt is probably an engraver's error for Chandrachuda. The metre requires the latter form : 'Chandrasēkhara-sarasvatyas fishyāy-dmita-tējasë' bas one syllable more than is allowed by the rules of metre in the pada of an Anushtabh verse. If we read Chandrachada for Chandrasekhara, there is no such metrical difficulty. If so, the donee Sadasiva of our grant was a pupil of Chandrachäda, the donee in the earlier grant of the same king. Some time in the interval between the two grants (1521 and 1527 A.D.) Chandrachäda must have died, and his disciple Sadasiva must have succeeded him. Thus we get the names of four successive teachers of the matha, as mentioned by us in our introduction to the grant of Vira-nfisimha Raya. In connection with the latter grant we have
1 Ep. Ind., Vol. XIII, pp. 122 ff.
. Ep. Ind., Vol. XIII, p. 194. Tirukkalukkunram is in Kalattūr-köttam. See the inscriptions of that place edited in Ep. Ind., Vol. III. • Ep. Ind., Vol. XIII, pp. 122 .
Rp. Ind., Vol. XIV, pp. 281 #.
No. 38.
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