Jain Siddhant Bhaskar

Author(s): Hiralal Professor and Others
Publisher: Jain Siddhant Bhavan
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/034880/1

Page #1
zrI yazovijayajI Tollebec le Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat dAdAsAheba, bhAvanagara, phona : 0278-2425322 30 04846 www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #2
zrIjaina - siddhAnta - bhAskara ke niyama / 1 jaina - siddhAnta - bhAskara aGgarejI - hindI-mizrita traimAsika patra hai, jo varSa meM disambara aura mArca meM cAra bhAgoM meM prakAzita hotA hai| 7 8 +++ 2 isakA vArSika candA dezake liye 4) rupaye aura videza ke liye DAka vyaya lekara 4|| ) hai, jo pezagI liyA jAtA hai / 11) pahale bheja kara hI namUne kI kApI maMgAne meM subidhA hogii| 3 kevala sAhityasaMbandhI tathA anya bhadra vijJApana hI prakAzanArtha svIkRta hoNge| mainejara, jaina-siddhAnta-bhAskara, ArA ko patra bhejakara dara kA ThIka patA lagA sakate haiM; manIArDara ke rupaye bhI unhIM ke pAsa bhejane hoMge / 4 pate meM hera-phera kI sUcanA bhI turanta unhoM ko denI cAhiye / 5 prakAzita hone kI tArIkha se do saptAha ke bhItara yadi " bhAskara " nahIM prApta ho, to isakI sUcanA jalda Aphisa ko denI cAhiye / 6 . isa patra meM atyanta prAcInakAla se lekara Adhunika kAla taka ke jaina itihAsa, bhUgola, zilpa, purAtattva, mUrttivijJAna, zilA-lekha, mudrA-vijJAna, dhammaM, sAhitya, darzana, prabhRti se saMbaMdha rakhane vAle viSayoM kA hI samAveza rahegA / lekha, TippaNI, samAlocanA - yaha sabhI sundara aura spaSTa lipi meM likhakara sampAdaka, zrIjaina - siddhAnta - bhAskara, ArA ke pate se Ane cAhiye / parivartana ke patra bhI isI pate se Ane cAhiye | 'kisI' lekhe, 'TippaNI Adi ko pUrNataH athavA aMzataH svIkRta athavA asvIkRta karane kA adhikAra sampAdakamaNDala ko hogA / 9 asvIkRta lekha lekhakoM ke pAsa binA DAka vyaya bheje nahIM lauTAye jAte / 10 samAlocanArtha pratyeka pustaka kI do pratiyA~ "bhAskara" ophisa, ArA ke pate se bhejanI cAhiye / 11 isa patra ke sampAdaka nimna likhita sajjana haiM jo avaitanika rUpa se jaina-tatva ke kevala unnati aura utthAna ke prAya se kAryya karate haiM : prophera prophesara e : upAdhye, ema. e. jUna, sitambara, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat lAla, ema. ela. ela. bI. bAbU kAmatA prasAda, ema.Ara.e.esa. paNDita ke. bhujabalI, zAstrI www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #3
jaina-siddhAnta-bhAskara (jaina-purAtattva-sambandhI traimAsika patra) bhAga 4] mArgazIrSa [kiraNa 3 . sampAdaka-maNDala prophesara hIrAlAla, ema. e., ela.ela, cI. prophesara e0 ena0 upAdhye, ema.e. bAbU kAmatA prasAda, ema. Ara. e. esa paNDita ke0 bhujabalI zAstrI jaina-siddhAnta-bhavana dhArA-dvArA prakAzita bhArata meM ) videza meM eka prati kA / ) vikrama samvat 1964

Page #4
viSaya-sUcI hindI-vibhAga 1 jainamantra-zAstra [zrIyuta paM0 ke0 bhujabalI zAstrI] 2 sammeda zikharajI kI yAtrA kA samAcAra [ zrIyuta bAbU kAmatA prasAda jaina] 3 baMgAla meM jainadharma [zrIyuta bobU surezacandra jaina, bI0e0] ... 4 aitihAsika prasaMga [ zrIyuta paM0 ke0 bhujabalI zAstrI | 5 bhaTTAkalaMka kA samaya [ zrIyuta paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI] 6 eka prAcIna guTakA | zrIyuta bAbU kAmatA prasAda jaina] 7 jaina-jyotiSa aura vaidyaka-graMtha [ zrIyuta bAbU agaracanda nAhaTA ] 8 vividha viSaya-(1) naSadhIya carita meM jainadharma kA ullekha[zrIyuta bAbU kA0 pra0 jaina] 188 (2) "jaina enTIkverI' ke lekha [zrIyuta bAbU kAmatA prasAda jaina] 189 granthamAlA-vibhAga-- 1 tiloyapaNNattI-[zrIyuta pro0 e0 ena0 upAdhye] ... pRSTha 33 se 40 taka 2 prazasti-saMgraha-[zrIyuta paM0ke0 bhujabalI zAstrI ... ,, 81 se 88,, 3 vaidyasAra-[zrIyuta paM0 satyandhara AyurvedAcArya] ... ,, 81 se 88,, aMgrejI-vibhAga1. Podanpura and Taksasila By Kamta Prasad Jain, M.R.A.S.] 57 2. Knowledge and Conduct in Jaina Scriptures [By Principal ___ Kalipada Mitra, M.A., B.L, Sahitya-kaustubha] ... 3. The Jaina Chronology [By Kamta Prasad Jain, M.R.A.S.] ... 4. The Jaina Siddhanta Bhaskara (our Hindi Portion Vol. IV-II) 80 5. Select Contributions to Oriental Journals ...

Page #5
// zrIjinAya namaH // AHILPIRIHIAND ROIMAnaenimammIITTESTRATIMETAIMER HERNA ITTARIETITAL - SSE. HITAHARA MIDA CHATTA CH ANDE H ATTERIALYERIENHANEL THE JAINA ANTIQUARY. jainapurAtatva aura itihAsa-viSayaka traimAsika patra bhAga4 disambara, 1937 / mArgazIrSa, vIra ni0 2464 kiraNa 3 jainamantra-zAstra (lekhaka-zrIyuta paM0 ke0 bhujavalI zAstro) Ajakala bahutere vyaktiyoM kA vizvAsa mantrazAstra para sarvathA uThatA jA rahA hai| isakA pradhAna kAraNa yaha hai ki aba hamAre bhAratavarSa meM isa zAstra ke marmajJa bahuta hI kama pAye jAte haiN| isI kA yaha natIjA hai ki vartamAna samaya meM sarvatra sulabhatayA mantrazAla ke na patha-pradarzaka milate haiM aura na isake sAdhaka hii| jaba koI isa zAstra ke alpajJa sAdhaka svArtha-pre.reta ho kisI mantra yA devadeviyaryA ko siddha karane ke liye prayatna karatA hai taba male prakAra usake vidhi-vidhAna ko nahIM jAnane se asaphala ho baiThatA yA ulTA hAni uThAtA hai| inhIM saba bAtoM ko dekhakara sAdhAraNa janatA kI zraddhA isa zAstra se hI uTha jAtI hai| mantrazAstra meM avizvAsa hone kA yahI mUla kAraNa hai| mere ullikhita kathanAnusAra Ajakala bahusaMkhyaka sAdhaka svArthavAsanA se prerita ho dhana, saMsAna evaM vijaya Adi kI prApi ke liye hI kisI

Page #6
bhAskara [bhAga 4 mantra yA deva-deviyoM ko siddha karane ke liye pravRtta hote haiN| isIse aise kaluSita sAdhakoM ko ve siddha hote bhI km| yaha to lokopakAraka vidyA hai| ata eva strI-vazyAdi prakaraNoM. meM parastrovazyAdi ko mantrazAstra meM sarvathA nindya ThaharAyA hai| yaha hai bhI ThIka-anyathA ina durvyavahAroM ke sAdhaka kA svadAra-saMtoSAdi vrata kisI prakAra kAyama nahIM raha sktaa| sAtha hI sAtha adhikatara kamajora dilavAle sodhaka sAdhanakArya meM pravRtta hote hue kisI kAraNavaza ghabar3A kara yA bhayabhIta hokara kaSTasAdhya samajha use bIca hI meM chor3a dete haiN| aise jvalaMta dRSTAMta eka nahIM anekoM upasthita kiye jA sakate haiN| isa prakAra ke kArya se sAdhaka apanI abhISTa-siddhi prApta karanA to dUra rahA-pratyuta kleza uThAtA hai| yaha svAbhAvika bAta hai ki koI bhI deva-devI sAdhaka ko icchAnuvartinI hone ke pUrva unakI kharI parIkSA letI haiN| sAtha hI sAtha inake mana meM yaha vicAra bhI uThanA svAbhAvika hai ki yaha sAdhaka kisa uddeza se hameM siddha karanA cAhatA hai| kahIM inheM yaha patA laga gayA ki sAdhaka kA hRdaya svArtha-vAsanA se dUSita hai to phira kahanA hI kyA ? eka bAta aura hai; jisa prakAra loka meM eka sAmAnya vyakti ko vaza karanA sAdhAraNa bAta hai aura eka viziSTa vyakti ko vaza karanA eka viziSTa bAta hai, usI prakAra sAdhAraNa deva-deviyoM ko siddha karanA bahuta AsAna hai-para viziSTa deva-deviyoM ko vazavartI banAnA sahaja bAta nahIM hai| usake liye viziSTa zakti, dhairya evaM adhyavasAya kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| ve bahuta parizrama se siddha hotI haiN| ho, siddha hone para na sAmAnya kAraNoM se unakA sambandha-viccheda hI ho sakatA hai aura na ve sAdhaka ko esA koI mArmika AghAta ho pahuMcA sakatI haiN| parantu kinhIM sAdhAraNa deva-deviyoM para koI vizvAsa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| Aja ve sAdhaka se santuSTa haiM--kala hI z2arA sI truTi para unase asantuSTa ho sakatI haiN| balki isa asaMtuSTi se ve apane upAsaka kI atyadhika kSati bhI pahuMcA sakatI haiN| isake bhI paryApta udAharaNa milate haiN| kucha zatAbdiyoM ke pUrva bhAratavarSa meM hindU, jaina evaM bauddha pratyeka dharma meM isa mantrazAstra ke marmajJa vidvAn adhikatara upalabdha hote the aura ve eka se eka viziSTa camatkAra ko dikhalA kara logoM ko cakita kara dete the| balki usa jamAne meM isa mantrazAstra ke dvArA pradarzita ina camatkAroM se bahuta se bhinna-bhinna dharmAvalambI bhI prabhAvita ho apane dharma meM dIkSita hote the| usa samaya jisa dharma meM isa mantrazAstra kA bola-bAlA nahIM vaha dharma nirjIva sA samajhA jAtA thaa| una dinoM mantrazAstra kA ekAdhipatya isI se jJAta hotA hai ki zaucAdi (malamUtra-parityAga) se lekara bar3e se bar3e yAgAdi kRtya kI nakela isa zAstra ke sadA hastagata rahatI thii| yahI kAraNa hai ki nivRtti-mAga-pradhAna jaina dharma bhI isase nahIM baca skaa| sAdhAraNa

Page #7
kiraNa 3 ] jainamantra-zAstra gRhasthoM kI bAta kauna kahe bar3e bar3e taponiSTha muni bhI apane mArga ke pratikUla hone para mI isase mukta nahIM ho ske| kyoMki unhoMne samajhA thA ki isa yuga meM isakI avahelanA karane se phira pIche dharma ko rakSA karanA kaSTasAdhya ho jaaygaa| vAstava meM mantrazAstra yoga kA eka aMga hai| ise 'mantrayoga' bhI kahate haiN| jaina paribhASA meM yaha padastha-dhyAna ke antargata hai| suprAcIna kAla meM yaha kevala AdhyAtmika sImA ke antamakta thaa| kintu bhAratavarSa meM eka aisA bhI samaya AyA. jaba ki isa zAstra kI khAsa taura se vRddhi huii| usa samaya isakI aneka zAkhA-prazAkhAyeM nikaloM aura ye AdhyAtmika-vikAza ko somA kA ullaGghana kara prAyaH laukika kAryoM ko siddhi kA pradhAna sAdhana bana gyoN| yahI tAMtrikayuga' ke nAma se prakhyAta hai| jaisA maiM Upara likha cukA hUM isa yuga meM maMtra, taMtra evaM yaMtroM kA paryAya AviSkAra tathA pracAra huA aura isa viSaya ke anekoM graMthoM kI racanA huii| usa samaya "kitane hI adhyAtmaniSTha jaina sAdhu isa lokapravAha meM apane kA nahIM roka ske| isaliye unhoMne bho samayAnukUla apane maMtrazAstra ko saMskArita kiyA, aneka atizaya-camatkAra dikhalAye, apane maMtrabala se janatA ko mugdha kara use apanI ora AkarSita kiyA aura logoM para yaha bhalIbhA~ti pramANita kara diyA ki unakA maMtrabAda kisI se kama nahIM hai-pratyuta var3hA car3hA hai| sAtha hI, unhoMne kitane hI maMtrazAstroM kI mI sRSTi kara DAlI, jina saba kA mUla 'vidyAnuvAda' nAma kA 10 vA~ 'pUrva batalAyA jAtA hai"| ___ astu, mantrazAstra kA viSaya bahuna ho gahana evaM gaMbhIra hai| isIliye use jhaTa-paTa samajha lenA yaha AsAna kAma nahIM hai| zAstroM meM jo isakA vivecana milatA hai, vaha atyadhika sundaraH buddhigamya evaM mananIya hai| jaina-sAhitya meM jAlinImata, vidyAnuzAsana, mAlinIkalpa, bhairavapadmAvatI-kalpa, bhAratIkalpa, namaskAramantrakalpa, kAmacANDAlinI-kalpa, pratiSThAkalpa, cakrezvarI-kalpa, sUrimantrakalpa, zrIvidyAkalpa, brahmavidyAkalpa, rogApahAriNI-kalpa, vaddha mAnakalpa, sarasvatIkalpa, gaNadharavalayakalpa. zrIdevatAkalpa, vAgvAdinIkalpa aura ghaNTAkarNakalpa Adi maMtrazAstra ke aneka maulika grantha upalabdha hote haiN| inake atirikta padmAvatIstotra, jAlinIstotra, pArzvanAtha-stotra, kuSmANDinI-stotra, sarasvatI-stotra aura brahmadeva-stotra Adi kaI maMtrastotra bhI pAye jAte haiN| praniSThA evaM bhinna-bhinna ArAdhanA-sambandhI graMthoM meM mo isa viSaya ko kAphI carcA kI gayI hai| jainAcAryoM ne mantra-vyAkaraNa evaM mantrakoSa yA bIjakoSa kI bhI racanA kI hai| balki sunane meM AtA hai ki prAtaHsmaraNIya AcArya samantabhadra ne bhI eka mantra-vyAkaraNa kA praNayana kiyA thaa| upalabdha digaMbara sAhitya meM mantra * dekheM anekAnta' pRSTa 42.

Page #8
bhAskara / bhAga zAstra ke saba se adhika graMtha malliSeNa AcArya ke pAye jAte haiN| Apa bar3e mantravAdI the| svaracita 'mahApurANa' meM Apane apane ko khAsa taura se 'gAruDamantravAdavedI' likhA hai| Apake bhairavapadmAvatIkalpa se yaha bhI spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki Apa sarasvatI se koI vara bhI prApta kiye hue the| isa bAta ko Apa ukta grantha meM 'sarasvatIlabdhavaraprasAdaH' isa padyAMza se vyakta kiyA hai| isa bAta kI sUcanA anyAnya graMthoM se bhI mila jAtI hai| AcArya malliSeNa 'ubhaya-bhASA-kavizekhara' 8 kI padavI se alaMkRta the| Apa jinasenAcArya ke ziSya evaM ajitasenAcArya ke praziSya the| ApakA samaya vikrama kI 11vIM tathA 12vIM zatAbdI hai| kyoMki Apa kA 'mahApurANa' zAlivAhana zaka 969 (vi0 saM0 1104) meM bana kara samApta huA thaa| (1) vidyAnuzAsana (2) jvAlinIkalpa (3) bhairavapadmAvatI-kalpa (4) mAratIkalpa (5) kAmacANDAlinI-kalpa (6) bAlagraha-cikitsA ye chaH grantha inhIM kI kRtiyA~ haiN| inameM vidyAnuzAsana hI Apa ke maMtrazAstra kA saba se bar3A grantha hai| isameM 24 adhikAra tathA 5 hajAra maMtra haiN| magara indranaMdiyogIndra-dvArA racita vAlinImata yA jvAlinI-kalpa lagabhaga isase bhI eka zatAbdI prAcIna hai| yaha indranandi bappanandi ke ziSya tathA vAsavanaMdi ke praziSya the| yaha to jainamaMtra sAhitya kI bAta huI; isI prakAra bauddhasAhitya meM tArAkalpa, vasudhArAkalpa aura ghaNTAkarNakalpa Adi aneka grantha upalabdha hote haiN| vaidika sAhitya meM to isa mantrazAstra kA eka alaga bhANDAra hI hai| __ aba maMtra-sAhitya ke pratyeka aMgopAMga ke pAribhASika zabdoM para sAmUhika rUpa se prakAza DAlA jAtA hai : kalpagrantha-jina graMthoM meM maMtra-vidhAna, yaMtravidhAna, maMtrayaMtroddhAra, balidAna, dIpadAna, AhvAna, pUjana, visarjana evaM sAdhanAdi bAtoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai ve kalpa-prantha kahalAte haiN| taMtra-grantha-jinameM guru-ziSya kI saMvAdarUpa se maMtra-yaMtra, tantra, auSadhI Adi bAtoM kA ullekha ho ve taMtra-graMtha se abhihita hote haiN| paddhati-grantha-jina granthoM meM aneka deva-deviyoM kI sAdhanA kA vidhAna batalAyA gayA hai unakI paddhati-grantha se prasiddhi hai| bIjakoSa-maMtroM ke pAribhASika zabdoM ko samajhane kI paddhati dikhalA kara eka eka bIja kI aneka vyAkhyA kI gayI hoM unheM bIjakoza yA maMtrakoza kahate haiN| mArga-mantra-zAstra meM mantra siddha karane kA mArga bhI minna bhinna varNita haiN| kyoMki * kaI prAcIna pratiyoM meM inako upAdhi 'ubhavabhASAkavicakravartI, bhI upalabdha hotI hai|

Page #9
kiraNa 3 ! jaimamantra - zAstra I maMtra zAstra kA kahanA hai ki isI upAya - dvArA mantra siddha ho sakatA hai / dakSiNa, vAma aura mizra ke bheda se isa zAstra meM tIna hI mArgoM kA ullekha milatA hai| sAttvika maMtra sAttvika sAmagrI- dvArA sAtvika devatAoM kI sAtvika upAsanA kA nAma dakSiNa athavA sAttvika mArga hai / jisa mArga dvArA madirA, mAMsa aura mahilA Adi kudravyoM se bhairava, bhairavI Adi tAmasa prakRti kI deva deviyoM kI ArAdhanA karane kA vidhAna ho vaha vAma mArga hai| isI prakAra ukta mAMsa-madirAdi vastuoM ko pratyakSa rUpa meM na grahaNa kara unake pratinidhiyoM dvArA iSTa kI siddhi kI jAne kA nAma mizra mArga hai / pradhAnatayA dakSiNa aura nAma ye hI do mArga haiN| sAtha hI sAtha yaha bhI jAna lenA paramAvazyaka hai ki vAma mArga prAyaH taMtra zAstra kA viSaya hai aura kalpa- pranthoM meM isa mArga kA vivecana sarvadhA nahIM milatA hai / vAmamArgI prAyaH bhairava aura kAlI Adi deva deviyoM ke ArAdhaka hote haiM / navanAtha hI inake guru haiM aura ve gurupAdukA, zrIcakra evaM bhairavacakra kI pUjA kiyA karate haiM / parantu itanA batalA denA Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai ki vAmamArga kA prabhAva mizra mArga para par3A hI hai; kintu dakSiNa mArga bhI isake prabhAva se baca nahIM skaa| isI kA pariNAma hai ki dakSiNa mArgI bhI pIche tamaH pradhAna devatAoMkI upAsanA karane laga gaye / dakSiNa mArga sAttvika hone se eka prakaTa mArga hai / para vAma mArga asAtvika hone se guma mArga hai / isI se ve prAyaH apane mArga ko batalAne meM saMkoca karate haiM aura prAraMbha se hI ve "gopanIyaM gopanIyaM gopanIyaM prayatnataH " isa bAta ko raTa lagAte haiN| tAntrika grantha prAyaH vAmamArga ko hI puSTa karate haiN| pIche vAma mArga kA bana adhika bar3ha jAne se sAvika maMtra evaM sAttvika deva deviyoM kA siddha honA duHsAdhya sA ho gyaa| maMtra zAstra se vizvAsa uTha jAne kA yaha bhI eka kAraNa huA / - 136 sampradAya - maMtrazAstra meM kerala, kAzmIra evaM gauDa nAmaka tIna sampradAya pracalita haiM / vaidika dharmAvalambI mAMtrikoM meM prAyaH kerala sampradAya, bauddhoM meM gauDa aura jainiyoM meM kAzmIra sampradAya nirdiSTa haiN| kAzmIra sampradAya vAle sarasvatI, padmAvatI Adi sAvika devatAoM ke upAsaka hone se vizuddha dakSiNa mArgI haiN| gaur3a sampradAya vAle kAlI tArA Adi tAmasa prakRti kI deva deviyoM ke upAsaka hone se vAmamArgI hote haiM / kerala sampradAya mizramArgI sampradAya hai| isameM prakaTa rUpa se to dakSiNa aura guma rUpa se vAma mArga kA Azraya liyA jAtA hai / rAjasa prakRti vAlI mahAlakSmI Adi hI inakI upAsya haiM / 'kulArNava' Adi pranthoM meM sampradAya kA Azraya lenA paramAvazyaka hI nahIM pratyuta anivArya batalAyA gayA hai| Agama - mArga evaM sampradAya ke samAna maMtra zAstra meM vedAgama, bauddhAgama evaM jainAgama isa prakAra tIna bhinna-bhinna zragama variNata haiM / jainAgama dakSiNamArgAvalambI evaM kAzmIra sampradAya pradhAna hai| bauddhAgama vAma mArgAvalambI evaM gaur3asampradAya - pradhAna hai| bedAgama

Page #10
140 bhAskara [bhAga. mizramArgAvalambI evaM keralasampradAya-pradhAna hai| vaidika matAvalambI mAntrika maMtra kI utpatti ziva jI se mAnakara vedAgama ko zaivAgama bhI kahate haiN| maMtrazAstra ke sampradAyoM ko cakrapUjA bhI mAnya hai| jainoM ke kAzmIra sampradAya meM siddhacaka, kerala sampradAya meM zrIcakra evaM gauDa sampradAya meM bhairavacakra kI pUjA kI jAtI hai| maMtradIkSA-guru ke nikaTa zAstrokta vidhi se maMtra lene ko maMtradokSA kahate haiN| jisa sampradAya kI vidhi se dIkSA lI gaI ho usI ke anukUla sAdhanA karane se maMtra siddha hotA hai| maMtrapIThikA-maMtrazAstra meM nimnAGkita cAra pIThikAoM kA varNana milatA hai :(1) zmazAnapITha (2) zavamITha (3) araNyapITha (4) shyaamaapiitth| maMtra siddhi meM pIThikA kA honA bhI paramAvazyaka hai| (1) zmazAna-pITa-zmazAna pITha use kahate haiM jisameM bhayAnaka zmazAna meM pratidina rAtri meM jAkara yathAvidhi maMtra kA japa kiyA jAtA hai| vivakSita maMtra-siddhi kA kAla zAstra meM jitane samaya kA batalAyA gayA ho utane samaya taka niyama se usa zmazAna meM jAkara zAstrokta vidhi se maMtra siddha karanA Avazyaka hai| bhIru sAdhaka se yaha sAdhanA sampanna honA nitAnta azakya hai| isake liye bar3e dilera sAdhaka kI jarUrata par3atI hai| jainiyoM ke kucha graMthoM meM kahA gayA hai ki sukumAla Adi munIzvara ullikhita pITha se hI parameSThI mahAmaMtra ko siddha kara mukta hue the| (2) zava-pITha-kisI mRtaka kalevara para Asana jamA mantrAnuSThAna karanA 'zava-pITha' hai| yaha prAyaH vAmamArgiyoM kA ho pradhAna pITha hai| karNapizAcinI, karNezvarI, ucchiSTacANDAlinI Adi kudeviyoM kI siddhi isI pIThAsana se kI jAtI hai| (3) araNya-pITha-manuSya-saMcAra-rahita siMha, vyAghra Adi hisra pazubahula nirjana evaM bhayAnaka araNya meM nirbhaya aura ekAgracitta hokara maMtra sAdhanA araNya pITha hai| nirvANamaMtra kI siddhi ke liye araNya hI prazasta batalAyA gayA hai| isIliye nimrantha tapasviyoM ne Atmasiddhi ke liye eka nirjana araNya ko hI pasaMda kiyA hai| suprAcIna kAla meM munimaharSi nagara-grAma Adi meM na raha kara sadA ekAnta vana meM hI nivAsa kara Atma-sAdhanA kiyA karate the| isI kA pariNAma hai ki nahIM cAhane para bhI ahamahamikayA bahuta sI siddhiyA~ unheM A gheratI thiiN| parigraha ko eka sudRr3ha evaM avicchedya bandhana samajha kara aihika sukha ko lAta mArane vAle, viSaya-virakta ve tapamvo anAyAsa prApta una siddhiyoM kA lokopakAraka sArvajanIna kArya meM hI upayoga karate the na ki apanI pUjA-pratiSThA ke kArya meN| balki svayaM bhayAnaka se bhayAnaka rogAdi se AkrAnta hone para bhI unase mukta hone ke liye una siddhiyoM kA upayoga kamI unhoMne kiyA hI nhiiN| vAstava meM tyAgamaya jIvana ke liye ekAntavAsa hI sarvathA upayukta bhI hai|

Page #11
kiraNa 3 / (4) zyAmA - pITha - yaha pITha yadi vastutaH sabhI pIThoM se durgama evaM durUha kahA jAya to isameM koI bho atizayokti nahIM hogI / isa antima pITha - parIkSA meM koI virale hI mahApuruSa apanI asAdhAraNa jitendriyatA se uttIrNa hote Aye haiM / ekAnta sthAna meM poDazI navayauvanA sundarI ko vastra - rahita kara sAmane baiThA maMtra siddha karane ko evaM apane mana ko tilamAtra bhI calAyamAna na hone dekara brahmacarya meM dRr3ha rahane kA zyAmA- pITha kahate haiM / jaina granthoM meM likhA hai ki dvaipAyana-putra munIzvara zukadeva Adi isa maMtra ko siddha kara vijayI haiN| janamanva-zAstra 141 yahA~ taka to kevala maMtra zAstra ke bAhya aMgoM kI samIkSA huI, aba dekhanA hai ki maMtra kyA cIja hai aura bar3e se bar3e laukika evaM pAralaukika lAbha isase kisa prakAra hote haiM / maMtra kA sambandha mAnasa zAstra se hai| I mana kI ekAgratA para hI isakI nIva nirbhara karatI hai / mana ko ekAgra kara indriyoM ke viSaya kI ora se lakSya haTAkara maMtra-sAdhana se vaha siddha ho jAtA hai / mana ko caJcalatA jitanI jaldI haTegI utanI hI jaldI mantra siddha hogA / maharSiyoM ne mantra zabda kI nirukti-jina vicAroM se hamArA kArya siddha ho, vaha maMtra hai yoM batalAyI hai / maiM pahale hI likha cukA hUM ki mantra - vidyA yoga kA eka aMga hai / isa viSaya ke marmajJoM kA kahanA hai ki mana ke sAtha varNoccAraNa kA gharSaNa prakaTita hotI hai aura unhIM varNoM ke samudAya kA nAma mantra hai / artha 'vicAra' kahA hai / rAjanIti zAstra meM bhI likhA hai ki jina rAjyatantra calAyA jAtA hai-vaha mantra hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki rAjyatantra ke pradhAna saJcAlaka mahAmantrI evaM unake sahAyakoM ko 'maMtrimaNDala' kahate haiM / mantra kA siddha honA sAdhaka kI yogyatA para nirbhara hai| kyoMki mantrazAstra meM likhA hai ki sAdhaka ko catura, jitendriya, medhAvI, devaguru-bhakta, satyavAdI, vAkapaTu, nirbhaya, dayAlu, prazAMta, nirlobha, niSkapaTa, nirahaMkAra, nirabhimAna, parastrItyAgA aura bIjAkSaroM kA dhAraNa karane meM samartha honA cAhiye / hone se eka divyajyoti isIliye mantrazAstra kA vicAroM ko gupta rakha kara yantra - aSTagandha, lauha lekhanI Adi se bhojapatra, rajata evaM tAmrapatrAdi para SaDdala, aSTadalaM. zatadala, sahasradala tathA trikoNa, catuSkANa yA vartula rekhAoM ke bhItara bIjAkSaroM ko likhanA unakA yathAvidhi abhiSeka, pUjana, prANa-pratiSThA, maMtrapuSpAdi dvArA sAdhana karanA yaMtrasAdhana hai / siddhacaka, RSimaNDala, gaNadharavalaya mRtyuJjaya, kalikuNDa, vajrapaJjara evaM ghaNTAkarNa Adi yaMtroM ke atirikta pratyeka kAmya kArya ke liye bhinna bhinna hajAroM yaMtra aura mI batalAye gaye haiM / kahIM kahIM kevala maMtra aura kahIM kahIM yaMtra maMtra donoM kAma meM lAye jAte hai| yaMtra - vidyA bhI maMtrazAstra kA hI eka aMga hai aura varaNa yA bIjAkSaroM ko ekAgratApUrvaka likhanA hI isa sAdhana kI mukhya kriyA hai|

Page #12
bhAskara [bhAMga tantra-auSadhiyoM ke dvArA kArya siddha karanA taMtrasAdhana hai| kitane hI taMtroM meM yaMtra, maMtra kA bhI upayoga hotA hai| maMtra, yaMtra tathA taMtra kA eka dUsare ke sAtha ghaniSTha sambandha hai| yaha taMtra bhI maMtra-zAstra kA aMga hI hai| aba maiM batalAnA cAhatA hUM ki yaMtramaMtrAdi se kauna kauna se kAma liye jAte haiM aura ve kula kitane vibhAgoM meM vibhakta haiN| (1) stambhana (2) mohana (3) uccATana (4) vazyAkarSaNa (5) jRmbhaNa (6) vidveSaNa (7) mAraNa (8) zAMtika (9) paussttik| isa prakAra maMtra kA prayoga prAyaH nau prakAra kA hotA hai| stambhana-jisa maMtra-yaMtrAdika ke prayoga se sarpa vyAghrAdi zvApada, bhUta-pretAdi vyantara, paracakra (zatrusenA) Adi ke AkramaNa kA bhaya dUra hokara ve jahA~ ke tahA~ niSkriya se stambhita raha jAya~ use stambhana kahate haiN| mohana-jisa prayoga ke dvArA sAdhaka kisI ko bhI mohita kara le use mohana kahate haiN| mohana prayoga ke pradhAnatayA tIna bheda haiM-(1) rAjamohana (2) sabhA-mohana (3) striimohn| uccATana-jisa prayoga se kisI kA mana asthira, ullAsarahita evaM nirutsAha hokara pada-bhraTa evaM sthAna-bhraSTa ho jAya use uccATana kahate haiN| kintu isa prayoga-dvArA koI premAndha vyakti apane premapAtra kA cittocATana kare to isakA durupayoga hI samajhA jaaygaa| bhUta, preta, pizAca, yakSa, rAkSasAdi pIDAprada vyantaroM ko kisI pIr3ina prANI se dUra bhagAne ke liye hI isa uccATana prayoga kI sadupayogitA kahI jaaygii| vazyAkarSaNajisa prayoga se icchita vyakti yA vastu sAdhaka ke pAsa svayaM calA Aye-usakA viparIta mana mI anukUla hokara sAdhaka ke Azraya meM A jAya, use vazyAkarSaNa kahate haiN| isake dvArA sarpa, vyAghrAdi tiryaJca, strI-puruSAdi manuSya evaM bhUtapretAdi vyaMtara AkRSTa ho jAte haiN| jRmbhaNa-jisa prayoga ke dvArA zatru evaM bhUta-pretAdi vyaMtara sAdhaka kI sAdhanA se mayatrasta ho jAya~, daba jAya~, kA~pane laga jAya~ use jammaNa kahate haiN| vidva SaNa-jisa prayoga se kuTumba, jAti, deza Adi meM paraspara kalaha aura vaimanasya kI krAMti maca jAya usako vidveSaNa kahate haiN| mAraNa-AtatAyiyoM ko maMtraprayoga-dvArA sAdhaka prANadaNDa de sake, usa prayoga ko mAraNa kahate haiN| para hai yaha bar3A hI kara pryog| zAMtika-jisa prayoga ke dvArA bhayaGkara se bhayaGkara vyAdhi, brahmarAsAdi bhayAnaka vyaMtaroM kI pIr3A, karagraha, jaMgama evaM sthAvara viSa-bAdhA, ativRSTi, anAvRSTi, durbhikSAdi ItiyA~, aura caurabhayAdi prazAMta ho jAya~ use zAMtika kahate haiN| pauSTika-jisa prayoga ke dvArA sukha-sAmagriyoM kI prApti hotI hai use pauSTika prayoga kahate haiN| kisI kisI ke mata se sAMtAnika prayoga arthAt vaMdhyAtva se mukta honA bhI eka alaga prayoga mAnA gayA hai| paraMtu bahusaMkhyaka mAMtrikoM ne ise ullikhita prayoga meM hI garmita kiyA hai| hA~, yahAM eka bAta batalA denA paramAvazyaka hai ki ina nau prayogoM meM se sAtvika sAdhaka mAraNa, mohana Adi krUra koM ko pasaMda nahIM krte| ve kevala lokopakAra kI yi se zAMtika, pauSTikAdi saumya prayogoM kA hI upayoga karate haiN|

Page #13
sammeda zikharajI kI yAtrA kA samAcAra (lekhaka-zrIyuta kAmatA prasAda jaina ) -::jainiyoM meM torthayAtrA ke liye caturvidha-saMgha nikAlane kA rivAja purAtana hai| pahale pahala yaha rivAja kaba amala meM lAyA gayA, isakA patA lagAnA anveSaka-vidvAnoM kA kAma hai| hA~, yaha hama jAnate haiM ki madhyakAlIna bhArata meM isakA adhika pracAra thA, kintu yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki usase prAcIna bhArata ke jainiyoM meM yaha prathA pracalita thI yA nahIM? vAstava meM yaha eka svataMtra viSaya hai, jisake liye sAhitya kA gahana adhyayana aura parizIlana vAMchanIya hai| prastuta lekha meM hama pAThaka, mahAzayoM ke samakSa eka tIrthayAtrA-saMgha kA paricaya upasthita kareMge, jo vikramIya 19vIM zatAbdI meM maiMnapurI se sammedazikhara kI yAtrA ke liye gayA thaa| _ mainapurI saMyukta prAMta kI AgarA kamiznarI kA eka pramukha nagara hai| vahA~ ke dhvaMsAvazeSoM se mainapurI eka prAcIna nagara pratIta hotA hai| kahate haiM ki usakA prAcIna nAma madanapurI thA; vahI nAma apabhraMza bhASA meM 'mainapuri' nAma se prasiddha ho gyaa| isase adhika usakA ra AraMbhika paricaya kucha bhI nahIM miltaa| haoN. musalamAnI jamAne meM usake " astitva kA patA calatA hai aura vaha kannauja sarakAra ke adhIna thaa| kintu jaba se mainapurI meM cauhAna kSatriyoM kA Agamana huA taba se usakI zrI-vRddhi khUba huii| san 1363 I. meM mainapurI kA cauhAna rAjA pratAparudra nAmaka eka vIra kSatriya thaa| bahalola lAdo ke rAjyakAla meM vahI maiMnapurI ke pramukha jamodAra the aura unhIM ke adhikAra meM maugA~va, paTiyAlI aura kampila mI the| unake putra narasiMhadeva the, jinako darayA khA~ lodI ne san 1454 meM katla kiyA thaa| paraMtu isapara bhI unakI saMtAna mainapurI kI rAjyAdhikArI banI rhii| g2adara ke z2amAne meM rAjA tejasiMha unhoM ko saMtati meM 21veM uttarAdhikArI the| rAjA pratAparudra ne usa nagara ko kAphI unnata banAyA thA-cauhAnA kA apanA pakkA kilA bana gayA thA saura usa kile ke AsapAsa dhore-dhIre eka samRddhizAlI nagara zrAbAda ho gayA thaa| mathurA se caube brAhmaNa, maugAMva se kAyastha aura karImagaMja tathA kurAvalI sa sarAvagI (jainI) zrA-Akara basa gaye the| rAjA jasavaMtasiMha ne san 1749 I0 meM apane bhAI muhakamasiMha kI yAda meM 'muhakamagaMja' basAyA thaa| aMgrejoM ne g2adara ke bAda maiMnapurI ke rAja-pada para rAjA tejasiMha ke cAcA bhavAnI siMha jI ko biThAyA thaa| aMgrejI hAkimoM meM

Page #14
989 hue lena sA0 aura raikasa sA0 logoM meM bahuta hI prasiddha the / raikasa (Raikes) sA0 ne san 'rakasagaMja' basAyA thA aura usake bAda lena sA0 ne 'lena - TeMka' san 1872 I0 meM mainapurI meM vaizyoM kI saMkhyA 7433 thI, jinameM ye jainI agravAla, khaMDelavAla, bur3helavAla Adi upajAtiyoM meM ba~Te 1848 - 1850 I0 meM (tAlAba) banAyA thA / adhikAMza jainI the / * the ! bhAskara mAga 4 vikramIya 19vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArddha - bhAga meM vahA~ bur3hele jainiyoM kI pradhAnatA thI / unameM mI 'ruiyA' vaMza ke mahAnubhAva pramukha aura rAjyamAnya the I usa samaya vahA~ cauhAnavaMzI rAjA dalelasiMha jI kA rAjya thA; kiMtu mAlUma aisA hotA hai ki dillI ke hayA-vaMza musalamAna bAdazAhoM ke vaha karada the, kyoMki tAtkAlIna kavi kamalanayanajI ne mainapurI ko AgarA sUbA, sarakAra kannoja, cakalA iTAvA, paraganA bhImagAma (bhogA~va) meM avasthita likhA hai / yaha zAsana vyavasthA mug2ala-sarakAra kI thI, yaha bAta 'Aine akabarI' kaM dekhane se spaSTa hotI hai / ullikhita kavi kamalanayana jI hameM batAte haiM ki maiMnapurI ke janiyoM meM taba sAhu naMdarAma jI pramukha the| kevala jainiyoM ke hI nahIM, balki vaha puravAsiyoM, ke siramaura the / unheM vaha kAzyapagotrI nagarAvAra kahate haiM | vartamAna 'ruiyA - vaMza' ke jJAta AdipuruSa zrIzivasukharAya jI the, jinake putra kuMdanadAsa aura pautra naMdarAma the / naMdarAmajI ne ruI kA vyApAra AraMbha kiyA thA, jisa kI vRddhi unake putra sAhu dhanasiMha jI ne kI thI / isa vyApArika saphalatA ke kAraNa hI sAhu naMdarAma kA vaMza thA / sAhu naMdarAma kI saMtati meM sAhu utafatarAya jo the, 'ruiyA' nAma se prasiddha huA jo lekhaka (kA0 prasAda) ke See:Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Accounts of the N. W. P. of India by E. T. Atkinson, Vol. IV. pp. 474-720. ta " Agare ke sUbe meM cakattA iTAvA basai, jAka sirakAra kannauja eka aniye / tisahI iTAe ke pahane meM bhImaprAma, tisameM mainapurI jahAM rAje rajavAnI paisRpati dalela siMgha jAne koI nAMhi viMgadehi, sadA dAna dIna dukhI pahicAniye / " -- jasavantu nagara ke jaina maMdira meM virAjamAna hastalikhita "jinadatta caritra" meM dekhoM " jAti bur3ha le vaMza jadu / maiMmapurI sukha vAsu // 'nagarAvAra kahAvate, kAsipa gota su tAsu // nanda rAma ika sAhU vahIM, puravAsina siramaura / " Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat - dekhA varAMga caritra uparokta mandira meM / www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #15
kiraNa : sammeda zivarajI kI yAtrA kA samAcAra 15 zvasura the aura jinase sAhu naMdarAma kA vaMza-vRna aura vRttAMta use nimna prakAra jJAta huA thA: zivasukharAya kundanadAsa (do bhAryA) paramasukha naMdarAma (pahalI bhAryA se) dhanasukharAya khUbacaMda dilerAya tInAM rI se) mahAbarAya dhanamiha nainasukha sinAbarAya zyAmalAla sohanalAla vidhicaMdra hajArIlAla hajArIlAla venI venIrAma vaMzIdhara bihArIlAla tulArAma kukhamana ulaphatarAya sAhu dhanasiMha jI eka vyApArakuzala, puruyArthI aura dharmAtmA sajana the| unhoMne apane pitA naMdarAma-dvArA cAlina ruI ke vyApAra ko khUba tarakko dii| unakI dUkAneM pharrukhAbAda, pharihA, koTalA Adi maI ke kendra-sthAnoM para thiiN| isa vyApAra meM unako khUba lAma huaa| yahA~ taka ki usa samaya unake samAna koI dUsarA dhanavAn na thaa| Ajataka sAhu dhanasiMha ke dhanADhya hone kI bAta loka-pracalita hai| purAne loga jaba kabhI apane nikamme lar3ake ko ina zabdoM meM tAr3anA dete milate haiM ki "jAse to tU sAhu dhanasiMha ko baila hoto no nIko tho, huMana toya laDuA-jalebI to khAna ko milte|" isa janazruti se ruiyA logoM kI samRddhizAlInatA kA patA calatA hai| lekhaka ne unakI gaganacumbI vizAla 'havelI' kA eka aMza dekhA thA; kiMtu Aja vaha bhI dharAzAyI hai aura apane garma meM ajJAta sampatti ko liye huI anumAnI jAtI hai| usakA vartamAna dhaMsa-rUpa mAno yahI cetAvanI detA hai ki 'duniyAM ke logo, ghamaNDa na karo-yahA~ kucha bhI sthAyI nahIM hai|' dhanADhya hone ke sAtha hI sAha dhanasiMha dhAmA sajjana the| vaha niraMtara dharma-kAryoM ko karane meM Ananda mAnane the| unake zeSa tIna mAI bhI unhIM ke anurUpa dharmI-karmI aura

Page #16
mAskara [ bhAga. vivekI nara-ratna the| una meM saba se choTe sAhu zyAmalAla jI the| jJAta hotA hai ki mana vaha saMskRta ke vidvAn the, kyoMki kavi kamalanayanajI ko saMskRta bhASA meM race hue 'jinadatta-caritra' kA artha jahA~-tahA~ inhoMne hI batAyA thA / * isa ullekha se yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki kavi kamalanayana jI ne jina nagarAvAra kAzyapa gotrI nandarAmajI kA ullekha kiyA hai, vaha ruiyA vaMzake hI the, kyoMki unhoMne zyAmalAlajI ko sAhu nandarAma kA putra likhA hai, jaise ki ve ruiyA vaMza-vRkSa meM bhI batAye gaye haiN| acchA to, inhIM dharmAtmA sajjanottama sAhu dhanasiMhajI kA zrIsammeda-zikharajI tIrtharAja kI vaMdanA sahadharmI bhAiyoM ke sAtha karane kA zubha-bhAva huaa| logoMne yaha samAcAra cAva se sunA, kyoMki usa z2amAne meM tIrtha yAtrA karanA atyanta duSkara thaa| na taba teja raphtAra se calanevAlI savAriyAM thIM aura na sar3akeM hI pukhtA aura surakSita thiiN| bhaktajana tIrtha yAtrA karane ke liye tarasate the| basa, taba dharmazraddhAlu bhavyajanoM ko sAhu dhanasiMhajI kA prastAva bar3A rucikara huaa| sarvasammati se sAhu dhanasiMhajI ke netRtva meM eka yAtrA-saMgha maiMnapuro se mitI kArtika kRSNA paJcamI budha vAra saMvat 1867 ko sammeda-zikhara tIrtha kI yAtrA ke liye claa| kahate haiM ki isa yAtrA-saMgha meM karIba 250 bailagAr3iyA~ aura karIba 1080 yAtrigaNa the / sAhu dhanasiMha jI ne unakI hara taraha se sAra-saMbhAla kara upakAra kiyA thaa| pAThakagaNa zAyada Azcarya kareM ki yaha purAnI bAta mAlUma kaise huI ? kyA yaha kevala sunI huI bAta hai ? vAstava meM yaha kevala suno huI bAta nahIM hai, balki eka prAmANika vArtA - hai aura isakA pramANa "zrI samedasikhira kI yAtrAkA samAcAra" nAmaka hasta likhita pustikAyeM haiM, jo hameM alIgaJja aura maiMnapurI ke jaina-maMdiroM meM dekhane ko milI haiN| ina pustikAoM meM uparyukta yAtrA-saMgha kA pUrNa vivaraNa padya meM likhA huA hai| jisa pustikA ke AdhAra se hama likha rahe haiM, usakA AkAra 9 // 44 // iJca hai aura usakA kArAja dezo aura moTA hai| usameM likhe huye kula 11 pRSTha haiN| Arambha meM eka pRSTha vinA likhA huA hai| usake bAda dUsare pRSTha kI dUsarI tarapha se racanA likhI gaI hai| pratyeka pRSTha meM karIba 17-18 paMktiyA~ haiN| yaha prati saMvat 1869 vaisAkha kRSNa 4 guruvAra kI likho huI hai aura ise kinhIM 'bholAnAtha kAyastha' ne lAlA sohana lAla ke paThanArtha likhA thaa| ullikhita vaMzavRkSa dekhane se jJAta hotA hai ki lA0 sohanalAla sAhu dhanasiMha ke bhatIje the| yaha prati hameM sva. paM0 zrIrAjakumAra jI dvArA prApta huI thI aura aba hamAre pAsa hai| kintu kheda hai ki isa yAtrA-samAcAra racanA ke racayitA ke nAma-dhAma kA patA kucha bhI nahIM * "zyAmalAla ke sahAi putra, nandarAma gAI, artha jina dIi batAya, nAhi jahAM jAniyA / " -jinadattacaritra (jasavanta nagara kI prati)

Page #17
kiyaa| sammeda zikharajI kI yAtrA kA samAcAra 917 cltaa| racanA meM kahIM para bhI lekhaka ne apanA nAma sUcita nahIM kiyA hai| phira bhI hamArA anumAna hai ki yaha racanA bahuta kara ke kavivara zrIkamalanayana jI kI hai| kyoMki pahale to vaha ra sAhu nandarAma dhanasiMha ke samakAlIna aura una se ghaniSTatA rakhanevAle the aura - dusaraM usa samaya maiMnapurI meM hindI meM padya racanevAle vahI milate haiN| isa racanA kA sAdRzya bhI unakI racanAoM meM hai| yaha bAta bhI dhyAna dene yogya hai ki sAhu dhana siMha kavi kamalanayana ke sadRza dharmAtmA sajjana ko saMgha ke sAtha z2arUra le gaye hoNge| isaliye unhoMne hI yAtrA kA pUrNa vivaraNa padyabaddha kiyA hogA aura sAhu dhana siMha Adi ne use likhavA kara maMdirAM aura zrAvakoM ko bheMTa kiyA hogaa| mAlUma aisA hotA hai ki kamalanayanajI kI racanAoM ko likhavA kara yaha mahAnubhAva sarvasAdhAraNa meM pracalita kara dete the, kyoMki unake samaya kI likhI huI pratiyAM milatI haiN| acchA to, ina kavi kamaz2anayana jI kA paricaya pA lenA bhI upayukta hai-yaha paricaya kevala unhIM ke granthoM se prApta hotA hai aura bahuta hI saMkSima hai| mainapurI ke bur3hele jainiyoM se unake bAre meM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM huaa| una ke liye yaha eka nayA samAcAra thA ki koI kavi kamalanayana jI unake madhya ho gaye haiN| jahAM apane nikaTavartI mAnya pUrvaja kA paricaya logoM ko prApta na ho, vahAM unheM apanI jAti aura kula ke mahatva aura gaurava kA bhAna bhalA kyA hogA ? khaira, svayaM kavi mahodaya ke anugraha se hama jAnate haiM ki vaha ( kavi kamalanayanajI) mainapurI ke adhivAsI bur3hele jAtIya zrAvakottama the| unake pitAmaha rAya haricanda the aura unake pitA kA nAma zrI lA0 manasukharAyajI thA jo eka acche vaidya the| ina manasukharAyajI ke do putra the| jeThe patra kA nAma chatrapati aura choTe kA nAma kamalanayana thaa| kamalanayana jI ne kahIM-kahIM para kavitA meM apanA nAma 'hagaja' bhI likhA hai| unhoMne jainadharma-viSayaka kaI granthoM kI mASA racanA padya meM kI hai| jisase patA calatA hai ki vaha eka dharmajJAna liye hue vivekI sajjana the| unake samaya kA bahubhAga dharma-viSayaka carcA-vArtA meM bItatA thaa| eka samaya * "prAsaMvatsara veda' rasa raMdhracaMdra' pahicAni / rAja vikramA datya nRpa gata varSe bhavi jaan|| kAtika sudi subha paMcamI kayau graMtha aarNbh| caitra kRSNa terrAsa tithI pUrana bhayo nidaMbha // jAti buddhale jAniye baseM mahA dhanavaMta / nandarAma Adika bahuta sAdharmI gunavaMta // tinahI meM ika jAnabai nAma gaya haricanda / vaicakakalA-paravIna ati manasugva gAya sunanda // tinake suta jaMThe e nAma chatrapatisAra / tina laghu bhrAtA jA naye kamalanayana niradhAra // eka samaya nija bAda pura gaye prayAga maMjhAra / mana meM icchA yaha bhaI kIjai deza vihAra // tajIratharA prayAgavara taha zrAvaga bahu loy| agaravAle jAtivara kasaiM mahAjana soya //

Page #18
-149 bhAskara [ mAga 1 Apa ko dezATana karane ko icchA huI aura Apa prayAga phuNce| vahAM acchA satsaMga pAkara Apa rama gye| usa samaya prayAga meM zrI vidhicandra hIgAmala jI nAmaka agravAla jainI bahuprasiddha the| hIgAmala jI ke putra zrIlAla jI the| hamAre kavi ko inase mitratA ho gii| mitratA isaliye huI ki zrIlAlajI unakI najara meM 'parama dharma kI khAni' the| unhIM ke Agraha se kavi mahodaya ne 'aDhAI dvIpa ke pATha' kI bhASA-racanA padya meM racI thii| unakI upalabdha racanAoM meM yahI sarvaprAcIna hai| bahuta saMbhava hai ki yahI unakI pahalI racanA ho, kyoMki jaba lAlajI ne isa racanA kA prastAva unake sAmane rakhA thA to unhoMne ise duSkara jAnakara asvIkAra kiyaa| parantu lAla jI ne unheM jinendra AjJA leneke liye khaa| saMbhavataH unhoMne isa AjJA ke liye jinendra-pAsAkevalI kA upayoga kiyaa| jinaAjJA mila gaIkamalanayana jI kA utsAha bar3ha gayA unhoMne 'ar3hAI dvIpa kA pATha' raca diyaa| ise unhoMne saMvat 183 meM saMpUrNa kiyA thaa| isa samaya vaha yuvAvasthA kI prAraMbhika caMcalatA ko pAra karake praur3hatA ko prApta hue pratIta hote haiN| isake bAda unakI upalabdha racanAoM meM saMvat 1873 kI racI huI (1) zrIjinadatta-caritra aura (2) zrIsahastranAma pATha nAmaka racanAyeM milatI haiN| upameta saMvat 1876 meM unhoMne 'paMcakalyANaka-pATha' racA aura saMvat 1877 meM 'vAraoNga caritra' likha kara samAna kiyA thaa| anumAna hotA hai ki prayAga Adi nagaroM kA dezATana karake vaha 3 varSa meM lauTe hoMge aura lauTane para saMvat 1867 meM sAhu dhanasiMha jI ke sAtha sammeda-zikhara kI yAtrA ko cale gye| vahAM se saMvat 1868 meM vaha mainapurI Aye / maiMnapurI Ane para unhoMne 'yAtrA-vivaraNa' likhaa| mAlUma hotA hai ki phira sAhu zyAmalAla kI saMgati meM raha kara unhoMne 'jinadAna caritra' kA ThIka-ThIka artha samajhA aura saMvat 1873 meM . use raca kara samApta kara diyaa| yaha una kA saMkSina parica ya hai| uparyukta yAtrA-vivaraNa pustikA ko dekhane se patA calatA hai ki sAhu dhanasiMha jI ke netRtva meM mitI kArtika kRSNa paMcamI budhavAra saMvat 1867 ko mainapurI se aneka jainiyoM kA saMgha yA zrIsammedazikharAdi tIrthoM koyAtrA-vaMdanA ke liye ravAnA huA thaa| usa roja mainapurI meM jaleva ( rathayAtrA ) huI thii| bhagavAna AdinAtha jI kI vidhicandra nAmA bhale hAdharmI ika ani / tina suna hogAmala jI kIrativaMta mahAna // tino suta haiM lAla jI paramadharma kI khaan| adhika prIti hamasauM kareM puraba yoga pradhAna // eka samaya baiThe hute lAlajIta hama daay| una vicAra mana meM kiyA jA suni acaraja hoya // sArddha dvIpa-pATha kI bhASA sugama suddhaar| jo kIjai tau hai bhalI yaho sIva uradhAri // tava hamaneM unasauM kaho sunau mita hama bAna / yaha kAraja dudara mahA hoya sakai kyoM bhrAta // phira una hamasauM yoM kahI jina zruta AjJA lehu / jo zubha Ave vacanavara to yaha kAja karehu // " . -prazasta adAI dvIpa kA pATha

Page #19
kiraNa 3 ] sammeda zikharajI ko yAsa kA samAcAra manohara pratimA ko ratha meM virAjamAna kara saMgha ke sAtha rakkhA gayA thA, jisase yAtrA meM jinadazana kA antarAya na ho ! pahale hI saMgha kharaparI gAMva meM ThaharA thA, jo mainapurIke pAsa hai / kArtika vadI 12 ko mahadI ghATa pahuMca kara unhoMne gaGgA pAra kii| kaI ghAToM se bahuta-sI nAva ikkaThI kI gaI parantu taba bhI saMgha do roja meM pAra utara paayaa| isase usakI vizAlatA kA patA calatA hai | kArtika sudI 13 ko saMgha ratanapura pahuMcA, jise naurAhI kahate the / vahA~ se cala kara kArtika sudI 14 ko ayodhyA pahuMcA; jahA~ khUba dhUmadhAma ke sAtha rathayAtrA nikAlI gaI / rathayAtrA meM balamadhArI caparAsI - sipAhI Adi bhI the / vastutaH jaina rathayAtrAoM ke Age zastrAstra se susajjita hAthI, ghor3e, pyAde Adi honA hI cAhiye, jaisA ki kavi ne likhA hai| pAMca tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ke janmasthAna pRthak pRthak the- saMgha ne unakI vaMdanA kI thI / pazcAt magasara bar3hI 15 kAM banArasa pahuMcA aura bhelUpurA ke mandira ke nikaTa tthhraa| yahAM bhI ratha yAtrA nikAlI gayI thI aura dharmacakra kA pATha kiyA gayA thA / vaMdanA karake saMgha Age cala kara paupa bar3hI 4 ko paTanA pahuMcA / vahA~ khUba jora kI varSA huI jisake kAraNa saMgha eka mAha taka vahAM ThaharA rahA; phira caz2a kara pauSa zukla 4 ko saMgha ne pAtrApura kI vaMdanA kii| saMgha jala-maMdira ke nikaTa ThaharA thA aura usake pahale cauka meM Adi jinendra kI pratimA virAjamAna karake saMgha ne pUjA - bhajana kiyA thA / jala-maMdira kA kavi ne khUba hI sUkSma varNana kiyA hai| Age usI mahIne kI navamI ko saMgha rAjagRha pahuMcA aura vaMdanA kI thI / yahA~ saMgha ne samozararaNa pATha vidhAna kiyA thA / uparAMta mAgha badI 2 ko saMgha navAdA pahuMcA thaa| vahAM gautama svAmI kI vaMdanA karake saMgha mAgha badI 13 ko pAlagaMja pahuMcA thaa| vahAM rAjA sutrarana siMha jI the| saMgha una se milakara Age gayA thA / mAgha sudI 3 ko madhuvana meM DerA diyA gayA thaa| vahAM saMgha ne cAra caityAlayoM kI vaMdanA kI thI / vasaMta paJcamo ko saMgha ne zrI sammeda zikharaparvata kI vaMdanA kI thI usakA bhI pUrA vivaraNa aa ne likhA hai jisase prakaTa hai ki taba bIna meM nIce talahaTI ke maMdira kI vaMdanA bhI digambara jainI karate the I parvata vaMdanA se lauTa kara madhuvana meM dharmotsava manAyA gayA aura rathayAtrA nikAlI gaI, jisameM pAlaMgaja ke rAjA bhI sammilita hue the / isa prakAra sAnanda pUjA vandanA karake mAgha sudI pUnama ko saMgha ne madhuvana se prasthAna kiyaa| phAguna badI 8 ko baijanAthapura Aye / yaha ziva kI vaMdanA karane anyamatI loga adhika saMkhyA meM Ate likhA hai; parantu vahAM bhI saMgha ko pArzva bhagavAn ke darzana huye the / kavi kahate haiM ki : / - "paMDana maTha maMdira mAMhI- pratibiMba jinezvara mAhIM / tinako bhI zivaju kahai haiM -nita sevA mAMhi rahe haiM / " zAyada atra bhI yaha jinamUrti vahAM ke paMDA logoM ke pAsa hogii| Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat 146 isa prAcIna mUrti kA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #20
11. bhAskara [bhAga 4 patA lagAnA ucita hai| phAlguna sudI par3avA ko saMgha caMpApura pahuMcA thaa| vahAM kI vaMdanA karake phAlguna sudI 4 ko saMgha vApasa huA aura vAda-nAmaka nagara meM phuNcaa| yahAM para pahale jAte hue paTanA ke jainI loga zrojI-sahita Akara yAtrAsaMgha meM mile the aura sAtha sAtha vaMdanA kara Aye the| vaha aba yahAM se apane gharoM ko cale gye| sacamuca usa duSkara kAla meM tIrtha yAtrA karanA sugama na thaa| paTanA ke zrAvakoM ne isa suyoga se lAbha utthaayaa| kaisA vaha puNyamaya avasara thA ! una sahadharmI bhAiyoM ko zrIjo ke sAtha vidA karate samaya rathayAtrAdi utsaba kiyA gayA thaa| zrAvakoM ne paraspara vAtsalya dharma kA paricaya diyA thA-jarA vicAra kIjiye usa anUThe avasara ko-muktakaMTha se kauna nahIM kahatA hogA taba 'dhanya dhanya sAdharmI jana milana ko ghrii|' vahAM se vidA ho saMgha kAzI meM Akara ThaharA / nau roja vahAM vizrAma karake calA so mahadI ghATa para usane gaGgA pAra kiyaa| vaisAkha vadI 7 ko gaGgAdharapura meM saMgha ThaharA aura vaisAkha badI 12-13 ko vApasa mainapurI phuNcaa| kavi kahate haiM ki deza-deza ke loga saba apane-apane ghara ko vApasa gaye aura vaha yaha bhI batAte haiM ki una sabakA sAhu dhana siMha ne ora-chora upakAra kiyA thaa| dhanya the vaha mahAnubhAva, jinhoMne sAdharmIjanoM kI sevA meM apanA tana-mana dhana lagAyA thA aura unake liye dharmasAdhana kA parama yoga usa jamAne meM durlabha sammeda zikhara jaiso tIrtharAja kI yAtrA kA suyoga sulabha kiyA thaa| sahasrakaNThArava jinendra ke pavitra nAma se dizAoM ko pavitra banA rahA thaa| yaha suavasara adhikAdhika saMsAra meM sulabha ho, yahI bhAvanA isa "sammeda zikhira yAtrA kA samAcAra" par3hane se hRdayameM jAgRta hotI hai|

Page #21
inte meM jaina dharma baMgAla (lekhaka - zrIyuta surezacandra jaina, bI0 e0) baMgAla meM jainadharma kI gati vizeSa rahI hai| vahA~ mAnabhUma siMhabhUma, vIrabhUma aura vardavAna ina cAroM jiloM ke nAmakaraNa bhagavAn mahAvIra yA varddhamAna ke nAma ke AdhAra para hI hue haiN| caubIsa tIrthakaroM meM se bIsa ne hajArIbAga jilA ke aMtargata pArzvanAtha pahAr3a ke sammedazikhara para se nirvANa prApta kiyA hai / 'AcArAMga sUtra' se vidita hai ki rAr3ha deza ke jamUmi aura sumbhamUmi nAmaka pradezoM meM vihAra karate hue bhagavAna mahAvIra ko anekAneka kaThinAiyAM uThAnI par3I thIM; unheM kaThora yaMtraraNAyeM sahana karanI par3I thIM aura kaThina se kaThina kArya karane par3e the / yaha pradeza yAtriyoM ke lie durgama thA aura muniyoM ke prati yahA~ ke nivAsiyoMkA vyavahAra atyanta hI krUra evaM karuragotpAdaka thA / ye loga nissahAya muniyoM ke pIche kuttoM ko chor3a dete the aura inase apanI rakSA karane ke hetu asahAya muniyAM ko bAMsa kI * pharAThiyoM kA sahArA lenA par3atA thA / ata eva yaha jJAta hotA hai ki varddhamAna mahAvIra ke samaya meM baMgAla meM jainadharma kI jAprati, pragati tathA unnati ho rahI thI / san 939 I0 pUrva meM zrIhariSeNa ne 'vRhat kathA - koSa' nAmaka eka mahAn graMtha racA thA / usase prakaTa hai ki suvikhyAta jainAcArya evaM maurthya samrAT candraguma ke rAjaguru zrImadrabAhu jI puMDUvardhana dezAMtargata deva koTI nagarI ke rahane vAle eka brAhmaNa ke putra the / eka dina jaba bhadrabAhu apanI bAlyAvasthA meM devakoTi ke anya bAlakoM ke sAtha krIr3A kara rahe the taba catutha zrutakevalI zrIgovardhana ne unheM dekhA thA aura unako dekhate hI unake mana meM isa bAta kI pUrNa dhAraNA ho gaI thI ki yaha bAlaka paMcama zrutakevalI hogA / aisI dhAraNA mana meM utpanna hote hI unhoMne zrIbhadrabAhujI ke pitA kI anumati se unako tatkAla hI apanI hiphAjata meM rakha liyA aura kucha samaya bAda yahI bAlaka paJcama zrutakevalI ke rUpa meM zrIgovardhanajI kA uttarAdhikArI huA / puNDravardhana grAma meM eka nirmantha ke doSa ke kAraNa aTThAraha hajAra manuSyoM kI hatyA kA jo varNana 'divyAvadAna' nAmaka bauddhagrantha meM kiyA gayA hai usakI satyatA para vizvAsa ho athavA nahIM parantu usase itanA patA to avazya milatA hai ki tRtIya zatAbdI ke pUrva meM uttarIya baMgAla jainiyoM se bharA thaa| 'aMguttaranikAya' ke solaha mahAjana padoM meM jina bhinna-bhinna dezoM kA ginAyA gayA hai| usase aMga aura magadha kI gaNanA pUrvIya prAMtoM meM kI gaI hai| jaina 'bhagavatI sUtra' ke mI

Page #22
112 bhAskara [ bhAga 4 paMdrahave pariccheda meM jina solaha dezoM kA varNana hai unameM bhI aMga, baMga aura lAdhA (rAr3ha) kA ullekha dekha kara pratyakSa rUpa se isa bAta kI avicala dhAraNA hotI hai ki Adi kAla meM baMgAla ke sAtha jainiyoM kA saMparka bauddhoM se kahIM adhika thaa| 'kalpasUtra' meM tAmalityA, koTivarSIyA, pauMDravardhanIyA aura khAvadoyA ko jaina bhikSukoM ke godAsagaNa ko cAra zAkhAyeM mAnI gayI haiN| tAmralipti, koTivarSa aura puMDravardhana kramAnusAra midanApura, dinAjapura aura bogarA jiloM meM haiM aura pazcimIya baMgAla meM sthita vartamAna khavIra ko prAcIna khAvADoyA mAnA gayA hai| jaina upAGgoM meM tAmalitta aura baMga Arya logoM kI bhUmi mAne gaye haiN| isa prakAra sAhityAvalokana se yaha pratyakSa pratIta hotA hai ki mahAvIra ke samaya se jainadharma kA pracAra totra bega se hone lagA jainadharma-vIroM ko saMkhyA bar3hane lagI aura baMgAla ke pratyeka bhAga meM jainiyoM kI sattA samUla sthApita hone lgii| yadi 'AcArAGga-sutta' meM varNita jaina muniyoM para kie gae atyAcAroM para vizvAsa kiyA jAya taba yaha mAnanA hI par3egA ki pUrva kAla meM jainiyoM ko kaTaMkAkIrNa patha kA pathika bananA pdd'aa| isameM koI saMdeha nahIM ki jaina muniyoM ko anekAneka kaThinAiyA~ sahana kara dharma kA pracAra karanA par3A thaa| parantu sAtha hI, sAtha deza ke kone kone meM jainadharma kA vistAra dekhate hue yaha bhI mAnanA par3atA hai ki anta meM satya kI hI vijaya huI aura jainadharma ko nirmala evaM pavitra-patAkA vidharmiyoM ke khaNDaharoMpara phaharAne lgii| / yadyapi krizciyana yuga ke bAda (after Christian Era) candragupta athavA khAravela jaise jaina-saMrakSaka nRpati dIkha nahIM par3ate, tathApi lokamata ko yaha dhAraNA hai ki jainadharma pUrvIya bhArata se luptaprAya ho gayA thA yaha sarvathA asaMgata hai| mathurA ke purAtana zilAlekha se patA calatA hai ki sambhavataH san 104 meM 'rArA' ke eka jaina muni ke Agraha para eka jaina pratimA kI sthApanA huI thii| pahAr3apura ke eka tAmrapatra se patA calatA hai ki eka brAhmaNa-daMpati ne 'vATa-gohAlI' ke vihAra meM caMdanAdi se jaina tIrthakaroM kI pUjA ke lie kucha bhami pradAna kI thii| kAzI kI paJca-stUpa-zAkhA ke nirgrantha guru guhanaMdo ke ziSya ke ziSyoM ne isa vihAra ke sabhApati kA Asana grahaNa kiyA thaa| pahAr3apura kI tAmralipi kA adhyayana yadi 'hayuenacA~ga' kI yAtrA-saMbaMdhI vivaraNa ke sAtha-sAtha kiyA jAya to patA calegA ki paMDvardhana, sAtavIM zatAbdI taka, jainiyoM kA eka bRhat , zaktizAlI aura pratiSThita kendra thaa| 'yuenacA~ga' ne tatkAlIna dharmoM tathA unase saMbaddha saMsthAoM ke viSaya meM apane jo mArmika, bhAvapUrNa evaM vivecanAtmaka vicAra prakaTa kie haiM ve sadA AdaraNIya haiM aura yadi zrIjinasenAcArya ne bhI apane ko paMcastupAndhavI' likhA thA aura vaha naMdisaMgha ke AcArya the| saMbhava hai ki guhanaMdi bhI usI saMgha aura zAkhA ke ho / saMpAdaka

Page #23
kiraNa 3] baMgAla meM jaina dharma una gUr3ha evaM prabhAvazAlI vicAroM ke AdhAra para tatkAlIna pracalita dhammoM kA tulanAtmaka vizleSaNa kiyA jAya to hama eka aise nizcita, aTala aura anivAryya niSkarSa para pahuMceMge jo hamArI dhArmika praur3hatA ko aura bhI adhika praur3ha, hamAre aTala vizvAsa ko aura mI adhika dRr3ha tathA hamAre dhArmika dRSTikoNa ko aura bhI vistRta tathA dUradarzaka banA degaa| kintu hameM isa bAta kA sadaiva dhyAna rakhanA cAhie ki apane vRttAMta meM 'hayuenacaoNga' ne bauddha dharma ke atirikta aura kisI bhI dharma-vizeSa para pUrNa prakAza nahIM DAlA hai aura nigraMthoM kA varNana to kahIM kahoM kevala prasaMga-vaza hI A gayA hai| itane para bhI usa bauddha parivrAjaka ne likhA hai ki vaizAlI, paMDavardhana, samataTa aura kaliGga dezoM meM nigraMthoM kI saMkhyA asaMkhya thii| ata eva yaha pratyakSa hai ki sAtavIM zatAbdI meM inhIM bhU-bhAgoM meM jainoM kI saMkhyA saba se adhika tho| isa cIna-paritrAtaka ne bhArata ke aura kisI bhI prAMta ke nigraMthoM kA ullekha vizeSa rUpa se nahIM kiyA hai| parantu unake yaha likhane se ki aura aura prAMtoM meM bhinna-minna-dharmAvalambA mila-jula kara rahate the--yaha siddha hotA hai ki una bhinna-bhinna dhamAvalambiyoM meM jainadharmAvalambI bhI avazya sammilita rahate hoNge| isa viSaya para unake mauna rahane se yaha kabhI bhI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA ki pUrvIya bhArata ke anya bhAgoM meM jainiyoM kI kamI thii| 'hayuenacA~ga ne apane rAjagRha' ke vivaraNa meM jainiyoM kI kucha bhI carcA nahIM kI hai kintu 'vipulA' pahAr3a ke pAsa unhoMne bahuta se nipaMthoM ko dekhA thaa| Aja bhI bahuta se digambara jainI yahA~ Ate haiM, Thaharate haiM aura pUjanAdi karate haiN| kevala jaina sAhitya meM hI nahIM, 'rAjagRha' bauddha sAhitya meM mo vikhyAta hai aura Aja bhI yaha jainiyoM kA eka atyanta hI ramaNIka evaM pavitra tIrtha sthAna hai| isa sthAna ke samIpa aneka jaina pratimAe pAyI jAtI haiN| 'vaimAra' parvata para guptavaMza ke samaya kI cAra jaina pratimAe~ haiN| 8vIM, 9mI, aura 12vIM zatAbdiyoM kI mI jaina pratimAyeM vahA~ para pAyI jAtI haiN| isa bAta ke mI pramANa milate haiM ki musalamAnoM ke rAjyakAla meM bhI jainiyoM ne 'rAjagRha' meM jaina pratimAoM kI pratiSThA kI thii| 7 vIM zatAbdI ke bAda baMgAla meM jainadharma kI kyA dazA thI isa viSaya para hamaloga pUrNa aMdhakAra meM haiN| isakA vikAsa, isakA patana athavA dUsare dharmoM ke sAtha isakA mizrita ho jAnA ye samI bAteM atIta ke andhakAra meM mizrita ho gaI haiN| isa saMbaMdha meM do pratidvandI dhamoM kI kahAnI atyanta hI rocaka hai| prAraMbha meM bhagavAna mahAvIra' aura 'mAkhAlIputta gosAla' meM cAhe jisa prakAra kA vyavahAra rahA ho paraMtu Age calakara bhinna-bhinna do dhammoM ke pravartaka hone ke kAraNa donoM kA pArasparika vyavahAra yadi ghora kaThoratA aura zatrutA kA na thA vo isameM bhI saMdeha nahIM ki inake paraspara ke vyavahAra meM mitratA tathA sajanatA bhI na thii| yadi bhagavatI' meM varNita 'gosAla' aura 'mahAvIra' ke kAryoM para vizvAsa kiyA jAya to

Page #24
154 bhAskara [bhAga 4 yaha mAnanA par3egA ki ye donoM 'rAdho' ke eka bhAga 'vaja-bhUmi' meM sthita 'panita-bhUmi' meM sAta varSa taka sotha-sAtha rhe| 'rAdho' meM bhramaNa karate hue 'mahAvIra' ne aneka saMnyAsiyoM ko hAtha meM bA~sa kI pharAThI liye hue dekhA thaa| 'pANini'-dvArA vaNita 'maskariNa' nAmaka ye sanyAsI jaina AjIvika the| ataeva yaha patA lagatA hai ki 'mahAvIra' ke samaya meM chaThavIM zatAbdI ke pUrva meM bhI bhAjIvika loga pazcima baMgAla meM apanA dharma pracAra kara rahe the| azoka aura dazaratha Adi maurya samrAToM ne bhI samaya samaya para ina AjIvikoM ko inake pracAra-kArya meM sahAyatA dI thI aura 'nAgArjani' evaM 'bArAbara' kI guphAoM se patA calatA hai ki IsA ke 300 varSa pUrva ke uttarIya bhArata meM ina AjIvikoM ke dharmAnugAmiyoM kI kamI na thii| _ 'bhagavatI' meM 'puNDa' dezAMtargata 'mahApauma' (mahApadma) ke eka rAjA kA ullekha hai| inako AjIvikoM kA saMrakSaka batalAyA gayA hai| 'puNDa' vindhya parvata kI tarAI meM batalAyA gayA hai| sAtha hI sAtha 'mahApauma' kI rAjadhAnI meM eka sau siMhadvAroM kA honA kahA gayA hai| 'puNDa' ke nAma se hI patA calatA hai ki saMbhavataH yaha 'paMDA' hI thA aura isakI bhaugolika sthiti, jo ki 'vinthya' parvata ke pAsa batalAyI gayI hai, nagaNya mAnI jA sakatI hai| puMDravarddhana athavA Adhunika phirojAbAda meM eka nigraMtha ke doSa ke kAraNa azoka-dvArA 18000 AjIvikoM kI hatyA kiye jAne ke vRttAMta kI satyatA mAnI jAya cAhe nahIM parantu yaha to spaSTa hI hai ki yahA~ bhI AjIvikoM kA eka bahuta bar3A kendra thaa| ina saboM se adhika mahattva rakhanevAlI bAta yaha huI ki tatkAlIna logoM ne AjIvikoM ko pahacAnA hI nahIM aura unheM hI nirpatha samajha baitthe| una donoM ke ApAra, vyavahAra, rahanasahana tathA dharmakAyoM meM itanI samAnatA thI ki logoM ko eka dUsare ke pahacAnane meM kaThinAI hone lgii| isI kAraNa hamaloga mI DAkara veNImAdhava baruA kI hI sammati se sahamata haiM ki 'divyAvadAna' ke saMpAdana ke samaya nigraMthoM tathA AjIvikoM ke prAcAravicAra tathA siddhAMtoM meM itanI kama asamAnatA thI ki una donoM ko pRthak pRthak pahacAna lenA eka pravAsI bauddha mikSuka ke liye kaThina thaa| dakSiNa bhArata ke AjIvikoM kI gaNanA to jaina-graMthakAroM ne bauddha mikSukoM kI ho eka saMpradAya meM kI hai| aisI avasthA me yaha samajha lenA ki 'hyu enacA~ga' ne aneka AjIvikoM ko hI jainI samajha liyA kucha atyukti na hogI; varan svAmAvika hI hogaa| adhika adhyayana karane se patA calatA hai ki * AjIvika saMpradAya jainamata se bhinna thA, vayapi usakA nikAsa jainamata se do hunAsausakA saMsthApaka eka samava jaina muni thaa|-sNpaadk + baMgAla meM jainadharma ke hAsa kA eka kAraNa bhane hI vaha ho| paranta bahanahIM kahA jasA ki

Page #25
dina ] baMgAla meM jaina dharma 155 jainiyoM aura AjIvikoM meM bahuta kama bheda thaa| usa samaya anya anya dharmAvalambiyoM kA mI jora bar3ha rahA thA aura isa bAta kI atyanta AvazyakatA rthaH ki AjIvikoM tathA jainiyoM meM kisI prakAra kA bhedamAva na rhe| anya dharmAvalambiyAM ke AkramaNa ko rokane aura unakA sAmanA karane ke lie ina donoM saMpradAyoM kA paraspara sammilita ho jAnA bahuta saMbhava thaa| bauDhayatikoM ke kaTTara zatru devadatta ne jo eka pRthaka saMpradAya kI sthApanA kI thI vaha mI sAtavIM zatAbdI meM bauddhadharma meM prAyaH sammilita hI ho gayI thI aura eka abauddha ke dRSTikoNa se dekhane para una donoM saMpradAyoM meM kucha antara na thaa| usakI A~khoM meM to kevala bauddhadharma hI basA thaa| yadyapi Aja bhI pramANoM kI kamI hai, phira bhI yaha anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki kucha hI samaya ke bAda jainadharma, bauddha tathA vadika dhammoM meM hI antarhita ho gayA thaa| prAcInakAla meM 'pahAr3apura' kA maTha jainiyAM kI hI saMpadA thI; inake dvArA hI isakA nirmANa huA thA parantu anta meM yaha bauddhoM ke hI antargata ho gayA aura uttara baMgAla meM 'somapura' ke bauddha vihAra ke nAma se prasiddha ho gayA / 'paenacA~ga' ke apanI yAtrA kA varNana likhane ke bAda se jaina tIrthaGkaroM kI kucha pratimAoM ke atirikta jainiyoM ke astitva kA yahA~ kucha bhI patA nahIM cltaa| zrIrAkhAladAsa banarjI ke matAnusAra baMgAla meM kevala cAra hI jaina pratimAyeM haiN| kiMtu unakA yaha mata vartamAna lokamata ke viruddha hai| kyoMki zrIyuta ke0 DI0 mitrA ne / sundaravana' ke eka bhAga ke khAja (Exploration) dvArA jo aitihAsika anveSaNa kiye haiM unase 'sundaravana' ke kevala usI bhAga meM hI dasa jaina pratimAoM kA aura mI patA calA hai| 'sundaravana' ke kevala eka bhU-bhAga meM eka sAtha dasa pratimAoM ke milane ko yadi 'vairekapura' meM prApta tAmrapatroM ke pramANoM ke sAtha milAkara gUDha vicAra kiyA jAya to patA calegA ki 'hya enacA~ga' ne jisa samataTa' nagarI meM nirdhayoM ko adhikAdhika saMkhyA meM dekhA thA usameM uttara-pazcimIya sundaravana bhI sammilita thaa| bA~kurA aura bIrabhUma jiloM meM abhI bhI prAyaH jaina-pratimAoM ke milane kA samAcAra pAyA jAtA hai| zrIrAkhAladAsa banarjI ne bhI isa kSetra ko tatkAlIna jainiyoM kA eka pradhAna kendra batAyA hai| baMgAla meM prApta ina bIsa pratimAoM meM se kevala eka zvetAMbarI pratimA hai| isase yaha patA calatA hai ki vahA~ digaMbaroM kI saMkhyA ivetAMbaroM se bahuta adhika thii| vahAM zrIkRSamanAtha jI yA zrIAdinAtha jI, zrIneminAtha jI. zrIzAMtinAtha jI saba jainI vaiSNava yA gaiDa ho gaye the| baMgAla ke sraa| loga Aja taka prAcIna jainoM ke smArakarUpa se hai| -saMpAdaka cha guena cAMga ne spaSTa zabdoM meM una sAdhuoM ko nirmanya likhA hai, isaliye unheM AjIvika anumAna manA pAlata hai| -saMpAdaka

Page #26
156 bhAskara [bhAga 1 tathA zrIpArzvanAthajI kI pratimAyeM pAyI gayI haiM aura inameM zrIpArzvanAtha jI kI pratimA saba se adhika lokapriya hai| mUrtiyoM ke AkAra-prakAra, unameM aGkita cihnoM, unake pArzvavartI zilA-lekhoM tathA unake nagnatva se ve jainiyoM kI hI pramANita mUrtiyA~ mAnI jAtI haiN| mUrti-nirmANakalA ke adhyayana se patA calatA hai ki baMgAla kI sabhI jainamUrtiyA~ 'pAla' rAjyavaMza ke samaya kI haiN| tulanAtmaka rUpa se vicAra karane se patA calatA hai ki usa kAla kI jitanI dhArmika mUrtiyoM pAI gayo haiM unameM jaina pratimAoM kI saMkhyA bahuta hI kama hai aura yahI jainiyoM ke alpa saMkhyA meM hone kA pramANa hai| isa meM aba kucha bhI saMdeha nahIM raha gayA hai ki 'pAla' rAjyavaMza ke zAsanakAla ke AraMbha se hI jainiyoM kI saMkhyA dina pratidina kSINa hotI gaI aura usI samaya se baMgAla meM jainadharma kI avanati ke lakSaNa dRSTigocara hone lge| taba se Ajataka baMgAla meM jainadharma kI avanati hI hotI AI hai aura usake pramANa- svarUpa Aja kA baMgola aura usakA jainadharma saba ke samakSa upasthita hai| abhI pUrI khoja ho kahAM huI hai ? phira bho baMgAla ke bhinna-bhinna jiloM ke gajeTibaroM se spaSTa hai ki pratyeka sthAna para aneka prAcIna jaina cihna vidyamAna haiN| -saMpAdaka + 'iNDiyana kalacara' janavarI 1937 meM prakAzita Jainism in Bengal' kA rUpAntara / -lekhaka ka

Page #27
aitihAsika prasaMga (saM0-zrIyuta paM0 ke0 bhujabalI zAstrI) 7TH CENTURY .I. D. (1) mahendra varmA, (palA vaMzIya) jo saMbhavanaH jainI thA, I. sana 610 meM huaa| usane zaiva hone para sAutha ArkATa ke antargata pATalIputra (Patliputtiram) ke eka bar3e jainamaTha (the large Jain monastry) ko naSTa kiyaa| Ref. Smith, Early history of India P. 472. (2) cIna kA buddhayAtrI hvenasaMga (Hiuen Tsang) I0 san 630 meM bhAratavarSa meM AyA aura 644 taka rhaa| usane jainiyoM ke sambandha meM bahuta sI bAteM likhA haiM aura siMhApura Singhapur (murti in the salt region) meM eka venAmbara maMdira kA ullekha evaM kaliGgadeza meM jainadhama ke pracAra ko sUcita kiyA hai aura sAtha hI sAtha dakSiNa bhArata meM hara jagaha digaMbara-sampradAya ke anuyAyiyoM se milA hai| Ref. Beal, Siyuki, I, 144 etc. vol. II P. 205, etc. V. F. J. IV, P. 80 (3) aihole (Aihole) kA zilAlekha zaka saMvat 556 meM likhA gayA, jisako jainakavi ravikIti ne rcaa| usameM ravikIrti ne kAlidAsa aura bhAravi kI barAbarI kA dAvA kiyA hai| yaha zilAlekha jaina maMdira ke banane ke saMbaMdha kA hai| pazcimI cAlukya pulakezI dvitIya satyAzrava ke rAjatvakAla meM likhA gyo| ___Ref. Ep. Ind. VI, P. 4. (8) 655 A. D. Terrible persecution of the Jains in the Deccan by Kuna, Sund, or nedumaram Pandya a Jain convert to Samism: assigned to about this period (655A.D.) by the scholars. Ref. smith, Early History of India, (1914) P. 454-5. cp. Ind. Ant. II, P. (5) vasantagar3ha se nikalI huI do pItala kI jainamUtiyA~ isa samaya pIDavADA (sirohI) ke jainamaMdira meM haiM, jina para vi0 saM0 744 ke lekha haiN| Ref. aojhA sirohI kA itihAsa pR0 31-32 8TH CENTURY A. D. (6) Saka Era 656 (734 A.D.) Inscription of Vikramaditya II, Western Chalukya, mentioning the restoration of the temples of Pulikere and conveying gifts, (apocryphal). Ref. Guerinot no. 114.

Page #28
158 bhAskara bhAga (7) zAMtarakSita nAma ke bauddha naiyAyika ne apane tatvasaMgraha-kArikA nAmaka graMtha meM (749 A. D.) digaMbara (jaina) ke jIva-saMbaMdhI siddhAMta kI AlocanA kI hai| Ref. vidyAbhUSaNa, iNDiyana lAjika P. 125. (8) zaka saM0 698 (776 A. D.) meM pazcimI gaMgavaMzIya rAjA zrIpuruSa ne zrIpura ke jainamaMdira ko jo dAna diyA usa ke pleTa (patra) likhe gye| Ref. Guerinot no. 121. __ (9) I. sana 784 meM vatsarAja (Vatsaraja) pratihAra kannauja meM huaa| vi0 saM0 1013 ke eka zilAlekha meM likhA hai ki usane osiA (Osia) meM eka jina-maMdira bnvaayaa| Ref. Arch. Surv. Ind. Annual Rep. 1906 -7, pp. 209, 42. (10) zaka saMvat 719 (797 A. D.) meM zrovijaya ne, jo ki pazcimI gaMga vaMzIya mArasiMha kA jAgIradAra (feudatory) thA, eka jainamaMdira bnvaayaa| Ref. Guerinot no. 122. 9TH CENTURY A. D. (11) zaka saMvat 735 (812 A. D.) meM gaMgavaMzIya rAjA 'cAkirAja' kI prArthanA (vijJapti para rASTrakUTa vaMzodbhava dvitIva prabhUtavaSa, tRtIya govinda ne eka gA~va vijayakIrti muni ke ziSya arkakIti ko jinendra maMdira ke liye diyaa| yaha muni yApanIya nandisaMgha ke punnAgavRkSamUla gaNa ke the| dAnapatra kA nAma (Kadaba, maisur plates) Ref. Ind. Ant. XII, P. 13. ___Epi. Ind. IV, P.340. (prAcInalekhamAlA prathama bhAga, pRSTha 51-52) (12) zaka saMvat 743 meM sUrata kA dAnapatra likhA gayA, jisa meM gujarAta ke rASTrakUTavaMzI kakarAja prathama ne kucha bhUmi kA nAgaprikA nagaprika : (navasArI Navsari) ke jainamaMdira ko dAna diyA hai| Ref. Bom. Gaz. I, I, (Hist. of Guz. J. P. 125) (13) zaka saM0 782 (860 A. D.) meM konnara (Konnur) kA zilAlekha likhA gyaa| jisa meM rASTrakUTavaMzI mahArAjAdhirAja amoghavarSa prathama kI tarapha se devendra nAma ke digaMbara jaina ko eka gA~va dAna kiyA gayA (apocryphal) Ref. Ep. Ind. VI, P. 29. ___Imperial Gazetteer of India, II. P.9f. (14) ghATiyAlA jaina prAkRta zilAlekha-samaya vi0 saM0 918 (861 A. DpaDihAra rAjA kakkuka ne eka jainamaMdira banavAyA aura use dhanezvara gaccha ko de diyaa| ___Ref. Ramkarana, J. S. S.Rep. P. 1.

Page #29
niya3] aitihAsika prasaMga 156 (15) A. Vir. 1400 Jesthbhuti : disappearance of Kalpavyavaharasutra : 5373796RqT) | Ref. P. R. III app. P. 22; IV, Ind. P. XLVII. (16) Vik. Sam. 919 Deogadh pillar insciption of Bhojdeva of Kanouj. It records that in the reign of Bhojdeva while Luachchhagira was governed by the great feudatory Vishnuram, the pillai which contains the inscription was set-up near the temple of Shantinath at Luachchhagiri (Deogadh) by Deva, a pupil of the Acharya Kamaldeva. Ref. Ep. Ind. Vol. IV. P. 309-10. (17) sauMdatti (Saundatti) kA zilAlekha-samaya zaka saM0 797 / isameM rASTrakUTa kRSNa dvitIya ke mAtahata zAsaka Gore:nor) pRthvIrAma ne, jo sauMdatti aura velagAma kA zAsaka thA, kucha bhUmi eka jainamaMdira ko dAna kii| ____Ref. Ep. Ind. app. No. 79. Guerinot-130. (18) zaka saM0 809 (887 A. D.) meM pazcimI gaMgavaMzIya satyavAkya kAguno varmana (Konguni varman) kI ora se eka dAna (gift) sarvanandI ko diyA gyaa| Ref. Guerinot, D' Epig. Jain, no. 131. (19) biliyara kA zilAlekha (Biluir stone inscription) samaya zaka saMvat 809 (888 A. D.) hai| satyavAkya kogunI varmana (pazcibhI gaMgarAcamalla prathama ?) ne biliyUra ke 12 choTe gA~va (hamlets) zivanandi siddhAMta bhaTTAraka ke ziSya sarvanaMdo ko pennekaDaMga (Penneka danga) ke 'satyavAkya jinamaMdira' ke liye diye| Ref. Ep. Car. 1. ___Coorg Inscriptions. (ed. 1914) no. 2. Introd. P. 8. (20) vikrama saM0 951 (895 A.D.) meM rAmasena ke ziSya bhaTTAraka devasana kA janma hushraa| Ref. under 934. A. D. (P. R. IV. Index.) (21) zaka saMvat 815 (I0 892) nidhiyaNa aura cediyaNNa nAma ke do vaNik putroM (sons of a merchant from Srimaigal) ne tagaDUru (dharmapurI) meM eka janamaMdira bnvaayaa| ina meM se pahale ko rAjA se mUlapalli nAma kA gA~va milA, jise phira usane vinayasena siddhAMta-bhaTTAraka ke ziSya kanakasena siddhAMta-bhaTTAraka ko maMdira kI suvyavasthA (up-keep) ke liye diyaa| ye maTTAraka pogarIyagaNa, senAnvaya aura mUlasaMgha ke the| Ref. Ep. Ind. X, 57, 65.

Page #30
nr bhAskara [ bhAga 10TH CENTURY A. D. (22) zaka saM0 824 (902 A. D.) meM Adipampa yA hampa kA janma huA, jo di0karNATaka kavi thA / Ref. J. R. A. (N. S.) XIV, 19. (23) zrIvijaya daNDanAyaka, jinheM rivinagoja aura anupama kavi bhI kahate haiM, prAyaH I0 san 915 ke lagabhaga hue haiN| dAnavula pADustaMbha zilAlekha meM ve rAjA indra (pAnareMdu) ke., jo ki rASTrakUTa nityavarSa indratRtIya jAnA gayA hai (identified with the Rastrakuta) adhIna ke (subordinate) batalAye gaye haiN| gaMgamaMtrI cAmuNDarAya kI taraha, jo pazcimIyA gaMgasamrAT mArasiMha dvitIya aura rAcamalla dvitIya kA sevaka aura jaina sAhitya tathA dharma kA bahuta bar3A saMrakSaka thA / zravijayazAstravidyA ke samAna astra (yuddha) vidyA meM bhI advitIya thaa| sAtha hA jainadharma kA saMrakSaka thA aura unane anta meM mokSaprApti ke liye, eka pavitra jaina ke sadRza, saMsAra kA tyAga kiyA / Ref. Ep. Ind. X, 149-50. (24) vi0 saM0 973 (917 A.D.) meM rASTrakUTavaMzI rAjA vidagdha huA / apane dharmaguru vAsudevasUri (balabhadra) ke upadeza se usane hastikuNDikA ( hAthaMDI) meM eka jainamaMdira vanavAyA / rAjA ne apane ko sone se taulA thA jisakA do tihAI bhAga 'jina' ko aura zeSa (3) jainaguru (vAsudeva sUri) ko diyA / usa ne maMdira aura guru ko aura bhI dAna vi0 saM0 973 meM diye the / Ref. Ep. Ind. X, 17-23. (25) vi0 saM0 996 (940 A. D. ) meM' 'mammaTa' rASTrakUTa ne apane pitA vidagdharAja ke diye hue dAnapatra ko phira se hastikuNDikA jenamaMdira ke haqa meM nayA kiyA (Renewed). Ref. Ep. Ind. X., 20. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat (26)vi0 saM0 1008 ( 944 A. D.) meM zAlAsthiti kA prAraMbha huA / arthAt zvetAMbara sAdhuoM kI maMdiroM meM rahane kI pravRtti ke sthAna meM upAzrayoM meM rahane kI dhIre dhIre pravRtti prAraMbha huI | Approximate date of the great Swetambar awakening. Ref. B. R. 1883-4, P. 323. (27) zaka saMvat 867 zukravAra ke dina (5th December, 945A. D.) pUrvIya cAlukya ammA dvitIya yA vijayAditya SaSTa kA, jo ki cAlukya bhIma dvitIya veMgI ke rAjA kA putra aura uttarAdhikArI thA, aura jisane IsvI san 970 taka rAjya kiyA, dabAra (coronation) huaa| yaha rAjA jainiyoM kA saMrakSaka thA / mahilA 'cAmakAmba' ke kahane para (at the instance of), jo paTTaSardhaka gharAne kI thI, usa (rAjA) ne eka gA~va www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #31
kiraNa 3 aitihAsika prasaMga nandI ko (anandI sakalacaMdra siddhAnta ke ziSya appapoTi kA ziSya thA), jo ki aDakala gaccha aura balahAri garaNa kA thA, sarvalokAzraya jina-bhavana ke hitArtha dAna kiyA thA (Kaluchumbarru grant), usake phaujI janarala durgarAja ( kaTakAdhipati vijayAditya ke putra) ne" Whose sword always served only for the protection of the fortune of the chalukyas and whose renowned family served for the support of the excellent great country called Vengi" dharmapurI ke nikaTa kaTakAbharaNa nAma kA jinAlaya banAyA aura usakA adhikAra zrImandiradeva (Srimandiradeva) ko, jo ki 'divAkara' kA (jo ki nandigaccha koTiDuMba (?) gae aura yApanIya saMgha ke jinanandi kA ziSya thA ) ziSya thA, diyA / maliyApuMDi kA dAnapatra (grant ) eka gA~va ke dAna kA ullekha karatA hai jo ammA dvitIya ne isa jinamaMdira ke vAste diyA thA / Ref. D. C. 90. Ep. Ind. VII, 179, Ibid, IX, 49-50. 161 (28) 949 AD. War between the Rastrakuts and cholas. Hostility between the rival religious, Jainism and Hinduism in the Deccan leads to the introduction of much bitterness into the wars of this period. Ref. Smith Early History of India (1914) P. 429. (29) vikrama saM0 1011 (2 apraila dina somavAra meM khajarAhA~ ( riyAsata chatarapura) kA zilAlekha likhA gayA / ( it records a number of gifts by Pahilla) isa lekha meM pAhila... * ke dvArA, " who is held in honor" by King Dhanga Chandella jinanAtha ke maMdira ke liye (in favour of the temple of Jinanath) diye hue aneka dAnoM kA ullekha hai / Ref. Ep. Ind. I. 135-6. mahendracandra ne, jo saMbhavataH gvAliyara ke nikaTa hai) meM (30) vi0 saM0 1093 ( 956 A. D. ) meM mAdhava ke putra gvAliyara kA rAjA thA, eka jainamUrti suhamya Suhamya (jo arpaNa kI / Ref. Jr. Asiatic Soc. Beng. XXXI, P. 399. (31) vikrama saMvat 1034 (977 A. D.) / suhamya ( Suhamya) kI jainamUrti para eka zilAlekha hai jo vajradamana kacchapaghATa ke samaya kA hai| Ref. Jr. Asia. Soc. Beng. XXXI, P. 393, 401. (32) zaka saMvat 900 meM cAmuNDarAja ( maMtrI pazcimI gaMgarAja rAcamalla) ne apanA purANa, samApta kiyA / Ref. Ind. ant. XII. 21. Inscrip. at Sr. Bel. no. 75, 76, 77 85 and pp. 22, 25, 33, 34.

Page #32
162 bhAskara [bhAga 1 (33) zaka saM0 859 (978 A. D.) meM peggUra kA zilAlekha likhA gyaa| isameM rakasa ne, jo ki gaMgavaMzI rAcamalla dvitIya kA choTA bhAI aura veDDoregere (Beddoregare) kA zAsaka (governor sUbAdAra) thA, zravaNabelagola ke anantavIrya ko, jo ki paNDita guNasena bhaTTAraka kA ziSya thA, eka dAna diyaa| Ref. Ep. Car. I, Coorg Inscriptions (ed. 1914) no. 4. Rice, Mysore and Coorg from inscriptions, P. 47. (34) rASTrakUTavaMzI kRSNarAja tRtIya kA pautra indrarAja caturtha, zravaNabelagola meM zaka saMvat 904 (somavAra ke dina 20 mArca) ko mraa| Ref. Inscrip. at Sr. Bel. no. 57. p. 53. Ind. ant. XXIII. p. 124, no. 64. (35) vi0 saM0 1053 (997 A. D.) meM ravivAra (24 janavarI) ke dina hastikaMDikA kA jainamaMdira (jise rASTrakUTavaMzI vidagdharAja ne banAyA thA) bahAla kiyA gayA yA marammata kI gayI (restored) / vAsudeva sUri ke ziSya zAntibhadra sUri ne vahA~ eka RSabhadeva kI mUrti sthApita kii| isa ghaTanA kI smRti meM sUrAcArya ne eka prazasti rcii|| Ref. Ep. Ind. X, P. 17 f. (36) 1000-1200. A. D. Prevalence of Jainism as the chief form of morship among the highest classes in central India. Ref, Imp. Gazet. Ind. IX, p. 353. (37) laghusamaMtabhadra, jisane aSTasahasro para eka TIkA likhI hai, IsvI sana 1000 ke lagabhaga kI hai| (zve0) abhayadeva sUri kA bhI yahI samaya hai / ___Ref Vidyabhooshan Indian Logic pp. 36-37. K. J. O. Tank's Dic. I, P. I. P. R., V pp. 216-19. IITH CENTURY A. D. (38) IsavI san 1004 meM, rAjendracola ke Adhipatya meM coloM kI vijayoM dvArA pazcimI gaMgavaMza ke rAjya kA patana huaa| isa rAjakIya parivartana se, jainadharma ko maisUra prAMta meM jo rAjadharma (s. r.) kA sthAna prApta thA vaha viruddhatA meM pariNata ho gayA (adversely affec ted) / ___Ref. Rice, Mysore and Coorg from Inscriptions, pp. 48, 203. (39) vIrabhadra ne vi0 saM0 1078 meM 'ArAdhanA-patAkA' banA kara samApta kii| Ref. I. G. 64. (40) mathurA se prApta huI eka jainamUti para vi0 saM0 1080 kA lekha hai| Ref., Ep. Ind, II; p. 211

Page #33
karaNa.] aitihAsika prasaMga 1 (41 buddhisAgara ne jo ki vardhamAna aura jinezvara-dvArA anugRhIta thA (the favoured one of) 'zabdalakSya-lakSaNa' nAma kA eka vyAkaraNa vi0 saM0 1080 meM banAyA, jaba ki vaha javAlIpura (jAlora mAravAr3a) meM thaa| Ref. B. R. 1904-5 and 1905-6 p. 25, 77, Tank's Dic. p. 5. (42) tirumalai giri zilAlekha(samaya 1024 A. D. ) hai / yaha cola rAjA ke sambandha meM kesarI varmana apara nAma (alias) rAjendra cAla deva prathama ke rAjya ke 13veM varSa kA likhA huA lekha hai| rAjendra coladeva I0 san 1012 meM rAjyAsana para baiThe (aura usane tirumalai giri ke, jo ki uttara ArkaTa jile meM polUra ke nikaTa hai, jainamaMdira ke dIpaka aura pUjA ke liye kucha rupaye kA dAnapatra likhA ) and records a gift of money for a lamp and for offerings to the Jain Temple on the hill of Tirumalai (near Polur in the north Arcot district) by Chamundappai the wife of the merchant Nannappaya of Malliyur in Karaivali, a subdivision of Perumban appadi. The temple was called Sri-Kundavi-Jinalaya. This name suggests that the shriue owed its foundation to kundvai the daughter of Parantak II, elder sister of Rajaraja I (and consequently the paternal aunt of Rajendra chola I) and wife of Vallava raiyar Vandya devar. Ref. Ep. Ind. IX p. 230-3 (13) vi0 saM0 1092 meM vardhamAna sUri ke ziSya jinezvara sUri (zve0) ne (vRha0 kha0 paTTAvalI) zIlAvatI kathA AzApallI meM bnaaii| __Ref. B. R. 1882-3, p. 46. (44) Saka 970. Balagamve inscription registering a Jain benefaction by Chavundaraya, Kadamba faudatory of Banvasi under the Western Chalukya, Somesvar l., of Kalyan. (45) I. san 1050 ke lagabhaga guNasena ne dharma ke taura para nAgakUpa nAma kA kuoM mullUra grAma ke vAste khudvaayaa| _____Ref. Ep. Car. loc. cit., no. 42. (8) vi0 saM0 1109 meM jIrApallI tIrtha kI nIMva par3I (Jirapalli Tirth founded) Ref, B. R. 1883-4 322. (17) zaka saM0 976 (1054 A. D.) meM honavADa saMskRta aura kannar3a zilAlekha likhA gyaa| isa zilAlekha meM, jo pazcimI cAlukya (somezvara prathama) trailokyamalla ke rAjyakAla se saMbaMdha rakhatA hai, usa dAna kA varNana hai, jo rAnI ketala devI kI prArthanA para kiyA gayA thaa| isa zilAlekha meM mUlasaMgha, senagaNa aura pogAri gaccha kA ullekha kiyA

Page #34
bhAskara 1 mAga gayA hai| brahmasena, usa kA ziSya, Aryasena, usakA ziSya mahAsena aura usakA ziSya cAkirAja, jo ki ketala devI kA eka karmacArI (officer) thaa| Ref. Ind. ant. XIX, p. XIX, p. 272. (48) khajarAhA~ kI eka jainamUrti para vi0 saM0 1212 kA lekha hai| usameM zilpakAra kA nAma kumArasiMha diyA gayA hai| Ref. Cunningham archer. Survey India XXI, page 68. (42) saM0 980 (1058 A. D) meM mullura ko zilAlekha likhA gyaa| isake dvArA rAjendra koMgAlva ne usa basti ke liye eka dAna kiyA jo ki usake pitA ne banavAI thii| 'rAjAdhirAja' kI mAtA, pocabarasi ne guNasena ko dAna diyaa| Vide 1064, A. D. Ref. Ep. Car. I, Coorg Inscrip. (ed. 1914), no. 35. (50) zaka saM0 986 (1064 A. D.) meM mullUra kA zilAlekha likhA gayA, jisameM guNasena kI mRtyu kA ullekha hai jo ki eka pradhAna naiyAyika aura vaiyAkaraNa the| guNasena naMdisaMgha, dravilagaNa aura aruGgala AmnAya ke puSpasena kA ziSya thaa| ___Rep. Ep. Car. I, Coorg Inscriptions (ed. 1914) no. 34. (51) annIgeri ke jainamaMdira jo ki maisUra ke anyAnya jainamaMdiroM ke sAtha rAjendradeva cola ke dvArA jalA diye gaye the, jinakA eka sthAnIya zAsaka ke dvArA I0 sana 1070 ke karIba jIrNoddhAra kiyA gayA (are restored). _____Ref. Fergusson History of Indian and Eastern architecture (1910 A. D.) Vol. II., p. 23. (52) rAjapUtAnA myUjiyama ajamera meM eka khar3I digaMbara jainamUrti para vi0 saM0 1130 (1074 A. D.) kA lekha hai, dUsarI para 1137 / Ref. Prog. Rep. of arch. Surv. of India west. cir. for 1915-(P. 35) (53) guDigere kA TUTA kannaDa jainazilAlekha kA samaya zaka 998(1076 A. D.) hai| isa meM prAcArya zrInaMdI paNDita ke dAnoM kA varNana hai| cAlukya-cakravartI vijayAditya vallabha (ie. probably Vijayaditya west Chalukya) kI choTI bahana kuMkuma mahAdevI ne pahale eka jainamaMdira banavAyA thA, aisA isa zilAlekha meM ullekha hai| sAtha hI bhuvanaikamalla-zAMtinAtha deva kA bhI ullekha hai, arthAt zAMtinAtha eka jainamaMdira yA bimba kA jo pazcimI cAlukya somezvara dvitIya bhuvanaikamala ke dvArA banAyA gayA athavA sthApita kiyA gayA thaa| ___Ref. Ind. ant. XVIII, p. 38. (54) vikramasiMha kacchapaghATa kA zilAlekha kA samaya vi0 saM0 1145 hai| isa meM una dAnoM kA varNana hai jo ki dUbakuMDa (Dubkunda) ke naye bane hue jainamaMdira ke liye diye gye| Ref. Ep. Ind. II, 232, f,

Page #35
bhaTTAkalaMka kA samaya [le" zrIyuna paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI, saM0 jainadarzana] jaina siddhAnta-bhAskara, bhAga 3, kiraNa 4 meM, usake anyatama saMpAdaka bAbU kAmatA prasAda jI kA 'zrImadbhaTTAkalaGkadeva' zIrSaka se eka lekha prakAzita huA hai| yadyapi isa lekha meM lekhaka mahodaya ne akalaGkadeva ke bAre meM upalabdha sAmagrI kA acchA saGkalana kiyA hai, kintu phira bhI usameM kucha aise sthala haiM jo aitihAsika tathA sAhityika dRSTi se skhalita kahe jA sakate haiM : ataH una para prakAza DAlanA Avazyaka hai| jaina-sAhitya meM akalaGkadeva kA vahI sthAna hai, jo bauddha-sAhiya meM dharmakIrti kA hai| unhoMne jainanyAya kA kitanA aura kaisA vikAsa kiyA tathA use kauna kauna sI amUlya nidhiyAM bheTa ko ? yaha batalAne ke liye eka svatantra lekha kI AvazyakatA hai| isa sambandha meM yahAM to maiM kevala itanA hI kaha denA cAhatA hUM ki yadi jainanyAya-rUpI AkAza meM akalaGkarUpI sUrya kA udaya na huA hotA to na mAlUma jainanyAya aura usake anusartAoM kI kyA durgani huI hotI ? kintu aise mahAn vAgmI aura pravana tAkika kI jIvana-ghaTanAe tathA sunizcita samaya jAnane kI sAmagrI hamAre pAsa nahIM hai / pandrahavIM solahavIM zatAbdI ke nirmita kathA-kozoM meM unakI kathA milatI hai| - kathAoM meM akalaka ko mAnyakheTa ke rAjA zubhatuGga ke mantrI kA putra batalAyA hai| aura himazItala rAjA kI sabhA meM unakA bauddhoM ke sAtha zAstrArtha karanekA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| antima bAta kA samarthana zravaNabelgola kI maliSeNa-prazasti se bhI hotA hai aura usI prazasti meM, rAjA sAhasatuGga kI sabhA meM akalaGka ke jAne kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| DAkTara satIzacandra vidyAbhUSaNa * ne rASTrakUTa vaMza ke rAjA kRSNagaja prathama ko sAhasatuGga yA zubhatuGga ThaharAkara akalaGka ko unakA samakAlIna mAnA hai aura isI mata ko svIkAra karate hue zrIyuta premIjI ne akalaGka kA samaya vi0 saM0 810 se 832 ( I . 753 me 775 ) taka banalAyA hai| kintu DAkara pAThaka ne rASTrakUTa rAjA sAhasatuGga dantidurga ke samaya meM akalaGka kA honA svIkAra kiyA hai| bA0 kAmatAprasAdajI ne premIjI ke ukta mata kA ullekha karake usameM Apatti kI hai aura dantidurga ko sAhasatuGga ThaharA * hisTarI oNpha di miDiyAvana skUla oNpha iviDavana laoNjika / * jainahitaiSI, bhAga 1, pR. 418]. .

Page #36
bhAskara [bhAga 4 kara usake rAjyakAla (vi0 saM0 801 se 816 taka I0 sa0 744 se 759 ) meM akalaGka ko jIvita mAnanA Thoka batalAyA hai tathA niSkarSa nikAlate hue akalaGkadeva kA kArya-kAla saMbhavata: vi0 saM0 801 se 839 taka ( I0744 se 782 ) batalAyA hai| ____ apane mata ke samarthana meM lekhaka ne ukta hetu ke atirikta anya 6 hetu aura bhI saGkalita kiye haiM, jo nimna prakAra haiM 2 svargIya bhaNDArakara mahodaya ne likhA hai ki jinasena ne apane harivaMza-purANa (za0 705 = I0 783 ) meM siddhasena, akalaGka Adi kA ullekha kiyA hai| ataH usase pahale akalaGkadeva vidyamAna the| 3 harivaMzapurANa meM AcArya kumArasena kA ullekha hai aura inhIM kumArasena kA ullekha vidyAnanda strAmone apano aSTasahastrI-jo ki akalaGka ko aSTazatI kA hI bhASya hai ke antameM kiyA hai| ataH isase bhI hamAre niSkarSa kA samarthana hotA hai / 4 vidvAnoM kA kathana hai ki akalaGkadeva ne bauddhAcArya dharmakIrti ke mata kA khaNDana apane granthoM meM kiyA hai| dharmakIrti kA samaya IsvI sAtavIM zatAbdI kA prArambhika bhAga mAnA jAtA hai| ataH isake bAda AThavIM zatAbdI meM akalaGkadeva kA astitva mAnanA ucita hai| 5 sva0 pro0 pAThaka ne prakaTa kiyA thA ki kumArilabhaTTa ne apane 'ilokavArtika' grantha meM akalaGka deva ke 'aSTazatI' nAmaka grantha para kucha kaTAkSa kiye haiM, tathA kumArila akalaGka ke kucha samaya bAda taka jIvita rahA thaa| kumArila kA samaya vi0 saM0 757 se 817 taka ( I. sa. 720 se 760 ) nizcita hai| ata eva akalaGka kA samaya bhI yahI ho sakatA hai| 6 akalaMkacarita nAmaka grantha meM spaSTa kathana hai ki zaka saM0 700 meM akalaMkayati kA bauddhoM ke sAtha mahAn vAda huA thaa| isase siddha hai ki zaka saM0 700 ( I0 778) meM akalaMka vidyamAna the| 7 pro0 pAThaka, DA0 vidyAbhUSaNa, pro0 rAIsa Adi vidvAnoM ne akalaMka ko IsvI AThavoM zatAbdI kA vidvAn nizcita kiyA hai| AlocanA sabase pahale lekhaka ke prathama hetu para vicAra na karake hama usake sahAyaka hetuoM para vicAra kareMge, kyoMki sahAyaka hetuoM ke bAdhita hone para prathama hetu svayaM hI nissAra pratIta hone lgegaa| 2 akalaMka, jinasena ke harivaMzapurANa ke pUrvavartI haiM, isameM to kisI ko vivAda nahoM

Page #37
mira 3] bhaTTAblaMka kA samaya jAna pdd'taa| kintu, jaisA ki lekhaka mahodaya ne likhA hai, yadyapi DA. maNDArakara ne apanI riporTa meM harivaMzapurANa meM akalaGkadeva ke smaraNa kiye jAne kA ullekha kiyA hai, tathApi hameM usa grantha meM aisA koI sthala na mila skaa| vA0 kAmatAprasAda jI ne aise do sthala khoja nikAle haiM, ve sthala haiM harivaMza-parANa ke pahale sarga kA 31vAM aura 39vA~ zloka / lekhaka kA kahanA hai ki ina se prakarAntara-rUpa meM akalaMka kA ullekha huA kahA jA sakatA hai| kintu yaha lekhaka kA bhrama hai| asala meM 31veM zloka meM granyakAra ne 'deva' zabda se akalaMkadeva kA smaraNa nahIM kiyA hai, kintu jainendra vyAkaraNa ke racayitA prasiddha zAbdika devanandi kAjinakA dUsarA nAma pUjyapAda bhI thA -smaraNa kiyA hai| AdipurANakAra tathA vAdirAja ne bhI jinhoMne akalaGkadeva kA bhI smaraNa kiyA haiinheM isI saMkSipta nAma se smaraNa kiyA hai| ataH yaha 'deva' zabda akalaGka kA saMkSipta nAma nahIM hai kintu devanandi' ko saMkSipra nAma hai| 39 veM zloka meM zrIvIrasenAcArya kI kIrti ko 'akalaGka' kahA gayA hai| kintu kevala 'akalaGka vizeSaNa se akalaGkadeva jaise prakhara tArkika aura samartha vidvAn kA smaraNa kiye jAne kI kalpanA hRdaya ko sparza nahIM karatI / para jaba harivaMza-purANakAra ne aise vidvAnoM kA smaraNa kiyA hai jinhoMne apanI racanAoM meM akalaGka kA na kevala smaraNa kiyA hai kintu unake rAjavArtika saM uddharaNa taka diye haiM, taba unake dvArA akalaGka kA smaraNa na kiyA jAnA acaraja kI bAta avazya hai| astu, yadi ho sakA to isa sambandha meM phira kabhI prakAza DAlane kA prayatna kreNge| 3 tIsare hetu se bhI kevala itanA hI siddha hotA hai ki akalaGka harivaMzapurANa kI racanA se pahale hue haiN| aura isa meM kisI ko bhI vivAda nahIM hai,yaha hama pahale hI likha cake haiN| 4 cauthe hetu meM kisI ko vivAda nahIM hai kyoMki akalaGka ke granthoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki unhoMne na kevala dharmakIrti kA khaNDana hI kiyA hai kintu usake granthoM se uddharaNa tapha diye haiN| udAharaNa ke liye laghIyastraya kI 'svasaMvedya vikalpAnAm' Adi kArikA kI svopajJa-vivRtti meM "sarvataH saMhRtya cintastimitAntarAtmanA" Adi AtA hai| yaha dharmakIrti ke pramANa * indracandrAvanendravyApi(Di)nyAkaraNaniNaH / devasya devasaMghasya na baMdyante giraH katham // 3 // + bonA tIrthadevaH kitarAMstasa varSate / viduSAM vAGmaladhvaMsi tIrthaM yasya vacomayam // // 2 // prathama parva : acintyamahimA devaH so'mivaMyo hitaiSiNA / zabdAca yena siddhyanti sAdhutvaM pratilambhitAH / __pAravanAthacarita - dekheM, jaina sAhitya-saMzodhaka bhAga 1, aMka 2 meM prakAzina zrIyuta premI jI kA 'jainendra pAkaraNa aura AcArya devanaMdi' zIrSaka lekha /

Page #38
166 bhAskara [ bhAga 4 vArtika ke tIsare pariccheda kI 124 vIM kArikA ke hI zabda haiN| nyAyavinizcaya kI eka kArikA kA pUrvAddha hai-"bhedAnAM bahubhedAnAM tatraikatrApi saMbhavAt / " yaha pramANavAtika ke "bhedAnAM bahubhedAnAM tatraikasminnayogataH // 1-91 // " kA hI uttara hai| isI taraha prApta mImAMsA-kArikA 53 kI aSTazatI meM "na tasya kiJcid bhavati na bhavatyeva kevalam" AtA hai| yaha pramANa-vArtika ke prathama pariccheda kI 279 vI kArikA kA uttarArddha hai, tathA aSTasahasrI pRSTha 81 ne aSTazatIkAra akalaGkadeva ne 'matAntarapratikSepArtha vA' Adi likha kara jo bauddhoM ke nigraha-sthAnoM kI AlocanA kI hai vaha dharmakIrti ke 'vAdanyAya' kA hI khaNDana kiyA hai| ataH isameM to vivAda hI nahIM ki akalaGka ne dharmakIti kA khaNDana kiyA hai| kintu isase dharmakIrti aura akalaGka ke bIca meM eka zatAbdI kA antarAla nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, jaisA ki lekhaka ne likhA hai| do samakAlIna granthakAra bhI-yadi unameM se eka vRddha ho aura dUsarA yuvA ho to-eka dUsare kA khaNDana-maNDana kara sakatA hai aura itihAsa meM isa taraha ke aneka dRSTAnta milate bhI haiN| ataH dharmakoti kA khaNDana karaneke kAraNa akalaGka ko unake 100 varSa bAda kA vidvAn nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| 5 DAkTara ke0 bI0 pAThaka ne apane kaI lekhoM meM isa bAta ko siddha kiyA hai ki kumArilamaTTa ne samantabhadra aura akalaGka ke kucha mantavyoM para AkramaNa kiyA hai, ataH kumArila akalaMka ke samakAlIna hote hue bhI akalaMka ke boda taka jIvita rahe the| bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA-mandira kI patrikA jilda 11, pR0149 meM samantabhadra ke samaya para unhoMne eka lekha likhA thA jisameM unhoMne akalaMkadeva aura unake chidrAnveyo kumArila ke sAhityika vyApAroM ko IsA kI AThavIM zatAbdI ke uttarArddha meM rakhane kI salAha dI thii| bA0 kAmatAprasAdI ne bhI apane pakSa ke samarthana meM DA0 pAThaka kI salAha ko apanAyA hai aura kumArila kA sunizcita samaya-na mAlUma kisake adhAra para-I0 sa0 700 se 760 taka batalAyA hai / prathama to kumArila ko yaha sunizcita samaya ThIka nahIM hai jaisA ki maiM btlaauuNgaa| aura yadi ise ThIka bhI mAna liyA jAye to DAkara pAThaka kA yaha mata ki kumArila akalaGka ke bAda taka jIvita rahe hai, lekhaka ke diye gaye akalaGka aura kumArila ke samaya se hI vAdhita ho jAtA hai| lekhaka ne akalaMka kA kAryakAla I0 744 se 782 taka likhA hai aura kumArila kA I0 700 se 760 tk| isa se to akalaMka kA kumArila ke 22 varSa bAda taka jIvita rahanA siddha hotA hai, jo lekhaka ke dvArA svIkRta DAkara pAThaka ke mata se bilkula viparIta hai| bhaNDArakara-prAcya-vidyA-mandira pUnA ko patrikA, jilda 13 pRSTha 157 para mudrita .. dekheM, nainajagam, varSa 8, aMka 15, 16 meM prakAzita 'samantabhadra kA samaya aura DA. ke. bI.. pAThaka, zIrpaka paM: jugalakizora jI mukhtAra kA lekha /

Page #39
kiraNa 3 / mahAkalaMka kA samaya 'akalaMka kA samaya' zIrSaka apane lekha meM eka sthala para DAkara pAThaka ne likhA hai ki akalaMka kA samaya itanA sunizcita hai ki usako vajaha se akalaMka ke chidrAnveSaka kumArila ko sAtavIM zatAbdI ke pUrvAddha yA uttarArddha kA vidvAna nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| ina zabdoM ko par3ha kara DAkara pAThaka kI isa asidva meM prasiddha ko siddha karane kI praNAlI para hameM ku acaraja avazya huaa| akalaMka ko sAhamataMga dantidurga kA samakAlIna ThaharAnA kitane sudRr3ha stambhoM para avalambita hai yaha hama dikha nA hI cuke haiM tathA Age bhI btlaayeNge| usake AdhAra para kumArila ko bhI AThavIM zatAbdI ke uttarArddha meM ghasITa kara le AnA kisI taraha bhI ucita nahIM kahA jA sktaa| vAstava meM akalaMka kI taraha kumArila kA samaya nirdhAraNa karane meM bhI eka zatAbdo kI bhUla kI gaI hai aura isa bhUla kI vajaha se DAkara pAThaka se anya bhI kaI bhUleM ho gaI haiM, jaise nAlaMdA bauddha vidyApITha ke AcArya tatvasaMgrahakAra zAntarakSita ko navauM zatAbdI kA vidvAna btlaanaa| zAntarakSita ne apane tatvasaMgraha meM kumArila ko bahuta sI kArikAe~ uddhana kI haiM, ataH jaba kumArila ko AThavIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha kA vidvAna kahA jAtA hai to zAMtarakSita ko navauM zatAbdI kA vidvAn kahanA hI pdd'egaa| kintu yaha zRGkhalA itihAsa se bAdhita hai| muni jinavijayajI ne aneka pramANoM ke AdhAra para haribhadrasUri kA samaya I0 san 700 se 770 taka sthira kiyA hai, kyoMki I. san 778 meM racita 'kuvalayamAlA' meM unako smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| haribhadrasUri ne apane zAstravArtA-samuccaya kI svopana-TIkA meM 'sUkSmabuddhinA zAntarakSitena' likhakara spaSTarUpa meM zAntarakSina kA nAma nirdeza kiyA hai aura zAMtarakSita ne apane tatvasaMgraha grantha meM kumArila kI aneka kArikAe~ uddhRta kI haiM, ataH kumArila ko sAtavIM zatAbdI kA vidvAn mAnanA hI pdd'egaa| aura jaba DAkara pAThaka ke matAnusAra akalaMka kI aSTazatI para kumArila ne AkSepa kiye haiM aura kumArila unase kucha samaya bAda taka jovita rahe haiM to akalaMka ko bhI sAtavIM zatAbdI ke madhya kA vidvAna mAnanA hI hogaa| yadi ukta cArAM vidvAnoM kI ausata Ayu 60 varSa mAnI jAya to unake pArasparika sambandha kA dhyAna rakhate hue unakA samaya-krama isa prakAra mAnanA hogA-akalaMka I0 620 se 680 taka, kumArila I0640 se 700 taka, zAntarakSita (kyoMki usane kumArila aura usake sAkSAt ziSya uvyeyaka upanAma bhavabhUti kA ullekha kiyA hai) I0 700 se 760 taka aura haribhadra I. 710 se 770 taka / 6 akalaMkacarita ke zloka kA atha karane meM to lekhaka mahodaya ne kamAla kara diyA 1 jaina sAhitya-saMzodhaka, bhAga ,, aMka 1, meM 'haribhada mUri kA samama-nirNaya' zIrSaka lekha / 2 dekheM, tatva-saMgraha kI aMgrejI prastAvanA /

Page #40
bhAskara [ bhAga 4 hai| Apa ke dvArA uddhRta zloka meM 'zaka' zabda kA kahIM nAma bhI nahIM hai, pratyuta 'vikramArka' spaSTa likhA hai, phira bhI Apane usakA artha zaka saM0 kara diyA hai aura isa taraha akalaMka ke bauddhoM se zAstrArtha karane ke samaya vi0 saM0 700 (I0 643) ke sthAna meM zaka saM0 700 (I0 778) likha gaye haiM, jo unakI akalaMka ko dantidurga kA samakAlIna siddha karane kI dhuna meM jAnabUjha kara kI gaI bhUla kA pariNAma jAna par3atA hai| ataH lekhaka-dvArA pradatta isa pramANa se bhI hamAre hI mata kI puSTi hotI hai na ki lekhaka ke mata kii| 'akalaMka kA samaya' zIrSaka DAkara pAThaka ke lekha kA nirdeza hama Upara kara Aye haiM aura yaha bhI likha Aye haiM ki DAkara pAThaka ko apane nirdhArita samaya kI sunizcitatA para itanA dRr3ha vizvAsa thA ki unhoMne usake AdhAra para kumArila ko AThavIM aura zAntarakSita ko navIM zatAbdI kA vidvAn mAna liyaa| unake isa vizvAsa kA AdhAra thA, pramAcandra kA prasiddha zloka "bodhaHko'pyasamaH samastaviSayaH prApyAkalaMka padam" Adi, jisakA artha yaha kiyA gayA ki prabhAcandra ne akalaMka ke caraNoM ke samIpa baiTha kara jJAna prApta kiyA thA, aura * vikramArkazatAbdIyazatasaptapramAjuSi / kAle'kalaGkayatino boddhairvAdo mahAnabhUt // paM0 jugalakizora jI ne bhI apane 'samaMtabhadra' (pRSTha 125) meM yaha zloka uddhRta kiyaahai| kintu usameM 'vikamArkazakAbdIya' pATha hai jo zuddha pratIta hotA hai| bAbu kAmatAprasAda jI ne bho apane lekha ke phuTanoTa meM isa bAta kA nirdeza kiyA hai aura paM0 jugala kizora jI ke artha vi0 saM0 70. para Apatti karate hue likhA hai ki dakSiNa bhArata ke kaI lekhoM meM zakAbda kA ullekha 'vikramArka' zabda se huA hai| huA hogA, kintu yahA~ para to aitihAsika ghaTanA-krama se vikrama samvat kI hI puSTi hotI hai| tathA isakA samarthana lekhaka kI usa AzaMkA se bhI hotA hai jo unhoMne zaka saM0 700 ke bAre meM prakaTa kI hai| ve likhate haiM "kintu isa avasthA meM kumArila kA akalaMka ke bAda taka jovita rahanA bAdhita hotA hai| hamAre khyAla se yA to kumArila ke kAla-nirNaya meM kucha gar3abar3I hai, athavA akalaMka deva ko kumArila ke AkSepa ko dekha kara usake nirasana karane kA avasara nahIM milA thaa|" hetu naM05 meM DAkTara pAThaka ke mata kA ullekha aura kumArila kA sunizcita samaya vi0 saM0 217 taka likhane ke bAda bhI niSkarSa nikAlate hue akalaMka ke samaya kI antima avadhi 839 vi0 saM0 nirNIta kI gaI aura usa samaya lekhaka mahodaya ko apanI usa bhUla kA dhyAna na AvA jise hama hetu naM05 ko hetvAbhAsa siddha karate samaya darasA Aye haiN| harSa hai ki akalaMkacarita ke 'vikramArkazaka' kA artha zakasamvat karate hue unheM apanI bhUla jJAta ho gaI aura usase unheM kumArita ke kAla-nirNaya meM kucha gar3abar3I mAlUma dii| kintu hama Upara batA cuke haiM ki kumArila kA kAla-nirNaya kucha nahIM balika sarvathA gar3abar3a hai aura isa gar3abar3I kA mUla kAraNa akalaMka ke kAla-niNaMva kI gar3abar3I hai|

Page #41
kiraNa 3] mahAkalaMka kA samaya isase yaha niSkapa nikAlA gayA ki prabhAcandra akalaMka ke ziSya the| apane ukta lekha meM zrIkaNTha zAstrI ke mana kI AlocanA karate hue sva. DA0 pAThaka ne bar3e jora ke sAtha likhA hai ki yadi akalaMka kA samaya 645 I. mAnA jAya to 'prApyAkalaGka padam' ke anusAra prabhAcandra-jinakA smaraNa AdipurANa (I0 838 ) meM kiyA gayA hai aura jo amoghavarSa prathama ke samaya meM hue haiM-akalaMka ke caraNoM meM nahIM pahuMca skte| bAbU kAmatAprasAda jI ne bhI DAkara pAThaka ke isa mata kA anusaraNa kiyA hai aura prabhAcandra ko akalaMka kA samakAlona batalA kara pramANarUpa se phuTanoTa meM ukta zloka uddhRta kara diyA hai| kintu paM0 jugalakizora jI mukhtAra / DAkara pAThaka ke isa bhrama kA nirAkaraNa bar3I acchI taraha kara cuke hai| yahA~ usake duharAne ko AvazyakatA nahIM hai| prabhAcandra to kyA, akalaMka ke prakaraNoM ke khyAtanAmA vyAkhyAkAra anantavIrya aura vidyAnanda bhI, jinakA smaraNa prabhAcandra ne kiyA hai, akalaMka ke samakAlIna nahIM jAna par3ate, kyoMki anantavIrya akalaMka ke prakaraNoM kA artha karane meM apane ko asamartha batAte haiM tathA donoM ne dharmottara, prajJAkara guNa Adi bauddha vidvAnoM kA ullekha kiyA hai jo AThavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiM aura jinakA akalaMka ke prakaraNoM para koI prabhAva nahIM jAna pdd'taa| ataH prabhAcandra ke ukta zloka ke AdhAra para prabhAcandra ko akalaMka kA sAkSAt ziSya batalAnA aura isIliye akalaMka ko sAtavoM zatAbdI ke madhya se khoMca kara AThavoM zatAbdI ke madhya meM lA rakhanA sarAsara bhUla hai| bAbU kAmatAprasAda jI ke dvArA apane mata ke samarthana meM diye gaye hetuoM ko hevAmAsa siddha karane ke bAda hama kucha aise aura bhI hetu upasthita kareMge jo unake mata kA nirasana aura hamAre mata kA samarthana karate haiN| anantavIrya ke samaya ke sambandha meM DA0 pAThaka ke mata kI AlocanA karate hue eka phuTanoTa meM pro0 e0 ena0 upAdhyAya ne akalaMka ke samaya ke saMbaMdha meM bhI unake mata kI AlocanA kI hai aura dantidurga ko sAhasatuMga kahanA kevala anumAna mAtra batalAyA hai| tathA yaha bhI likhA hai ki dhavalA TIkA meM jo jagattaMga ke rAjya meM (784 se 808) samAna huI thii| aneka sthaloM para vIrasena ne akalaMka ke rAjavArtika se lambe lambe cunindA vAkya uddhRta kiye haiN| paM0 jugalakizora jI ne|| dhavalA TIkA kA samApti * bhANDArakara-prAsya vidyA maMdira pUnA kI patrikA, jilda 12, pRSTha 253.215 meM vidyAnaMda aura zaMkara-mata' zIrSaka se zrIkaNTha zAstrI kA eka lekha prakAzita huA hai, usa meM lekhaka ne akalaMka kA samaya 645 I0 liyA hai, usI kA khaNDana karane ke liye sva0 DA0 pAThaka ne 'akalaMka kA samaya' zIrSaka nibandha likhA thaa| + anekAMta, jilda 1, pR 130 / * jainadarzana, varSa 4, aMka 1, pRSTha 381 se| // samantabhadra, pRSTha 17

Page #42
172 bhAskara [ bhAga 4 kAla zaka saM0 738 (I0 816) likhA hai| yadyapi akalaMka ko daMtidurga kA samakAlIna mAna lene para bhI vIrasena ke dvArA dhavalA TIkA meM unake rAjavArtika se uddharaNa diye jAne meM koI bAdhA upasthita nahIM hotI, kyoMki akalaMka ke aMta aura dhavalA kI samApti meM 34 vaSa kA antara hai, phira bhI dhavala sarIkhe siddhAMtagrantha meM vIrasena jaise siddhAMta-pAragAmI ke dvArA Agama-pramANa ke rUpa meM rAjavArtika se vAkya uddhRta karanA pramANita karatA hai ki vIrasena ke samaya meM rAjavAtika ne kAphI khyAti aura pratiSThA prApta kara lI thI aura usameM kAphI samaya lagA hogA, ataH akalaMka ko dantidurga kA samakAlIna nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| siddhasena gaNI ne apanI tatvArtha-bhASya kI TIkA' meM akalaMka ke siddhi-vinizcaya kA ullekha kiyA hai| inakA samaya abhItaka nirNIta nahIM ho sakA hai| 'jaina sAhityano itihAsa'' meM paramparA ke AdhAra para inheM devaddhigaNi (5vIM zatAbdI ke lagabhaga) kA sama kAlIna batalAyA gayA hai, kintu itane prAcIna to yaha kabhI ho hI nahIM skte| inhoMne apanI tatvArtha-bhASyavRtti' meM dharmakIti kA nAma nirdeza kiyA hai aura dUsarI tarapha navamI zatAbdI ke vidvAn zIlAGka ne gandhahastI nAma se inakA ullekha kiyA hai, ataH ve sAtavIM aura navamI zatAbdo ke madhya meM hue haiM itanA sunizcita hai| paM0 sukhalAlajI' kA kahanA hai ki haribhadra aura siddhasena gaNi ne paraspara meM eka dUsare kA ullekha nahIM kiyA ataH aisI saMbhAvanA jAna par3atI hai ki ye donoM yA to samakAlIna haiM yA inake bIca meM bahuta hI thor3A antara honA caahiye| haribhadra kA sunizcita samaya hama Upara likha Aye haiM ataH siddhasena gaNi ko AThavIM zatAbdI kA vidvAn mAnane meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai| aba yadi akalaGka kA samaya bhI AThavIM zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai to unakI suprasiddha kRti kA siddhasena gaNi-dvArA ullekha kiyA jAnA saMbhava pratIta nahIM hotA ataH akalaGka ko AThavoM zatAbdI kA vidvAm na mAna kara sAtavIM zatAbdo kA vidvAn mAnanA caahiye| jinadAsa' gaNi mahattara ne nizIthasUtra para eka cUrNi racI hai| inakI eka cUrNi nandisUtra para bhI hai| isa carNi kI prAcIna vizvasanIya prati meM isakA racanA-kAla zaka saM. 598 ( I0 676 ) likhA hai| nizItha-cUNi meM jinadAsa ne siddhasena ke 'sanmati' , evaM kAryakAraNasambandhaH samavAyapariNAmanimittanivartakAdirUpaH siddhivinizcayasRSTiparIkSAto yojanIyo vizeSArthinA duussnndvaarenn| pR0 37 / 2 le mohanalAla desAI, pR0 143 / 3 pR0 367 / AcArAGga-TIkA, pRSTha 1 tayA 82 / 5 'tatvArthasUtra ke vyAkhyAkAra aura vyAkhvAeM" zIrSaka lekha, anekAMta varSa 1, pR0580 / 6 'sanmati-prakaraNa' (gujarAtI) ko prastAvanA, pRSTha 35-36 /

Page #43
kiraNa 3] bhaTTAkalaMka kA samaya 173 - - ke sAtha-sAtha akalaMka ke siddhi-vinizcaH, anya kA bhA ullakha kiyA hai aura use dazana aura jJAna ke prabhAvaka zAstroM meM ginAyA hai| isa ullekha se akalaMka ko sAtavIM zatAbdI ke madhyakAla kA vidvAna mAnane meM koI zaMkA avazeSa nahIM raha jaatii| tathA akalaMka ke granthoM para se bhI hamAre ukta mata kA samarthana hotA hai| vidvAn poThakoM se yaha bAta chipI huI nahIM hai ki dharmakIrti ne apane pUrvaja diGnAga ke pratyakSa ke lakSaNa meM 'abhrAnta' pada ko sthAna diyA thaa| diGnAga ne pratyakSa kA lakSaNa kevala 'kalpanApor3ha' rakkhA thA kiMtu dharmakIni ne kalpanApor3ha aura abhrAMta rakkhA / akalaMka ne apane rAjavAtika meM diGnAga ke lakSaNa kA khaNDana kiyA hai aura usa prakaraNa meM jo do kArikAe~ uddhRta kI haiM, unameM se eka diGnAga ke 'pramANa-samuccaya' kI hai aura dUsarI vasubandhu ke abhidharmakoza kii| isake atirikta usI prakaraNa meM kalpanA kA lakSaNa karate hue usake pA~ca bheda kiye haiN| raziyana pro0 ciravisTakI' (stcherbatsky) likhate haiM ki diGnAga ne kalpanA ke pA~ca bheda kiye the-jAti, dravya, guNa, kriyA aura pribhaassaa| isase yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki akalaMkadeva ne rAjavArtika ko racanA apane prArambhika jIvana meM kI thI, usa samaya taka yA to dharmakoti ne apane prasiddha graMtha pramANa-vAtika, pramANa-vinizcaya Adi kI racanA nahIM ko thI yA ve prakAza meM nahIM Aye the| kintu usa samaya bhI akalaMka dharmakIti se paricita the, kyoMki unhoMne rAjavAtika pRSTa 19 para 'buddhipUrvA kriyAM dRSTvA' Adi eka kArikA uddhRta kI hai| kahA jAtA hai ki dharmakIti ke 'santAnAntarasiddhi' nAmaka prakaraNa kI yaha pahalI kArikA hai| inihAsajJoM ne dharmakIni kA kAryakAla 635 I0 se 650 taka nirNIta , damaNagAhI - dasaNaNA gappabhAvagANi satyANi siddhivANacchayasaMmadimAdi rogahato asaMtharamANe jaM akaspiyaM paDisevati jamAte tastha so suddho aprAyazcittI bhavatItyarthaH / 2 pratyakSa kalpanApoDaM nAma nAtyAdiyojanA / asAdhAraNahetutvAdaHstad apadizyate // : // 3 savitarkavicAta hi paJca vijJAnadhAtavaH / nirUpaNAnusmaraNavikalpanavikalpakAH // 2 // abhidharmakoza meM 'vikalpAdavikalpakAH' pATha hai| 4 buddhisTa laoNjika, 2ya bhAga, pRSTha 272 para phuTanoTa naM0 / __ nyAyavArtikatAtparyaTokAkAra ke ullekha se bhI yaha patA calatA hai ki diGnAga ne kalpanA ke . pA~ca bheda kiye the| yathA-"saMprati dignAgasya lakSaNamupanyasvati / dUSayituM kalpanAsvarUpaM pRcchati aya keyamiti / lakSaNavAdina uttaraM nAmeti / yahacchAzabdeSu hi nAmnA viziSTo'rtha ucyate vityeti / jAtizabdeSu jAtyA gaurayamiti / guNazabdeSu guNena zukla iti / kriyAzabdeSu kriyayA pAcaka iti abhyazabdeSu danyeNa vaNDo viSANIti / seyaM klpnaa|"

Page #44
174 bhAskara [ bhAga 4 kiyA hai| aura prasiddha cInI yAtrI hyU natsAMga ke dvArA apane guru-bhAI dharmakIti kA ullekha na kiye jAne se yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki usa samaya vaha vidyArthI the| ma natsAMga I0 635 taka nAlandA meM rahA aura usI varSa AcArya dharmapAla ne nAlaMdA vidyApITha ke adhyakSa-pada se avakAza grahaNa kiyaa| ataH dharmakIrti kI pramANavArtika jaisI utkRSTa racanAe~ I0 635 ke bAda hI racI gaI jAna par3atI haiN| yahI vajaha hai ki akalaMka ke nyAyavinizcaya meM jo dharmakIrti ke pramANa-vinizcaya kA smaraNa karAtA hai-hama dharmakIti ke pratyakSa ke lakSaNa kA khaNDana pAte haiN| yadi akalaMka ko AThavIM zatAbdI kA vidvAn mAnA jAya to ukta samasyA para hRdayasparzI prakAza nahIM DAlA jA sktaa| ataH akalaMka ko daMtidurga yA kRSNarAja prathama kA samakAlIna mAnane kI purAnI mAnyatA ko chor3a kara unheM sAtavIM zatAbdI ke madhyakAla kA vidvAna mAnanA caahiye| niSkarSa sva. DA0 vidyAbhUSaNa, premI jI, tathA sva0 DA0 pAThaka-kathopavarNita zubhatuMga yA sAhasa. taMga nAma ke AdhAra para rASTrakUTavaMzIya rAjA kRSNarAja prathama ko zubhatuMga aura daMtidurga ko sAhasataMga ThaharA kara akalaMka ko AThavIM zatAbdI ke madhyakAla kA vidvAn mAnate haiN| bAbU kAmatA prasAda jI DA0 pAThaka ke daMtidurga ko sAhasataMga ThaharAne ko bAta ke pakSa meM haiN| kiMtu hamArI dRSTi se donoM matoM meM koI vizeSa antara nahIM hai kyoMki donoM hI mata akalaMka ko AThavIM zatAbdI kA vidvAna ThaharAte haiN| DAkara vidyAbhUSaNa ne to kRSNarAja ko zumatuMga mAnane ke sivA apane pakSa ke samarthana meM koI hetu nahIM diyaa| DAkara pAThaka kA jora do hI hetuoM para hai-eka kumArila kA akalaMka ke bAda taka jIvita rahanA aura dUsarA prabhAcandra kA akalaMka kA sAkSAt ziSya honaa| prathama hetu ke anusAra DA0 pAThaka kI yaha mAnyatA ki akalaMka para kumArila ne AkramaNa kiyA hai-akalaMka ko sAtavIM zatAbdI kA vidvAn mAnane kA hI samarthana karatI hai yaha hama Upara bhale prakAra siddha kara Aye haiN| dUsarA hetu bhI viSThAnoM ke dvArA khaNDita kiyA jA cukA hai| bAbU kAmatA prasAda jI ne apane pakSa ke samarthana meM jina hetuoM kA saGkalana kiyA thA unakI nissAratA Upara siddha kara dI gaI hai aura kaI naye pramANa dekara yaha sAbita kara diyA hai ki akalaMka sAtavIM zatAbdI ke madhyakAla ke vidvAn the| ataH DAkara vidyAbhUSaNa aura pAThaka kI duhAI denA bekAra hai| akalaMka ko sAtavIM zatAbdI ke madhyakAla kA vidvAn * hamAre sahayogI paM0 mahendrakumAra jo se unake misa mi0 tArakama ne jo nivvatIya bhASA jAnate haiM tathA usa para se kaI bauddha graMthoM kA avalokana kara cuke haiM-yaha bAta kahI thii| .'

Page #45
' bhaTTAkalaMka kA samaya mAnane ke samarthaka hetuoM kA saMkSipta rUpa nimna prakAra hai - 1-AThavIM zatAbdI ke madhyakAla ke vidvAn siddhasenagaNi akalaMka ke siddhivinizcaya graMtha kA ullekha karate haiN| 2-sAtavIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha ke vidvAn jinadAsa mahattara apanI nizIthacUrNi meM siddhi-vinizcaya kA ullekha pramAvaka granthoM meM karate haiN| 3-akalaMka-carita meM likhA hai ki vi0 saM0 700 (643 I0) meM akalaMkayati kA bauddhoM ke sAtha mahAn vAda huaa| 4-DAkara pAThaka kA kathana hai ki kumArila akalaMka ke bAda taka jIvita rahe, aura kumArila kA samaya sAtavIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha siddha hotA hai| 5-akalaMka ne apane granthoM meM dharmakIrti kA khaNDana kiyA hai, kiMtu rojabArtika meM unhoMne dharmakIti ke pratyakSa kI paribhASA kA ullekha na karake diGnAga-kRta paribhASA kA khaNDana kiyA hai| ataH aisA jAna par3atA hai ki rAjabArtika kI racanA umhoMne apane prAraMbhika kAla meM kI hai aura usa samaya dharmakIrtike ve grantha-jinakA akalaMka ne apane anya prakaraNoM meM khaMDana kiyA haiprakAza meM nahIM Aye the| dharmakIrti kA kAryakAla 635 se 650 taka nirNIta kiyA gayA hai ataH usa samaya akalaGka ko yuvA honA caahiye|

Page #46
eka prAcIna guTakA (saM0-zrIyuta bAbU kAmatA prasAda jaina ) zrI di0 jaina bar3e mandira mainapurI ke zAstra-bhANDAra ko dekhane kA saubhAgya hameM kucha varSoM pahale prApta huA thaa| usake katipaya grantharatnoM kA paricaya hamane pahale 'vIra' dvArA pAThakoM ko karAyA thaa| unameM mahAkavi puSpadatta-kRta yazodhara-caritra (apabhraMza apUrNa) kalpasUtra sacitra ( zve0 ) Adi grantha darzanIya haiN| inhoM meM eka guTakA bhI ullekhanIya hai| yaha karIba 300 varSa kA likhA huA hai| jaise ki usakI nimnalikhita prazasti se prakaTa hai:___ "matha sambatsare shriinRp-vikrmaadity-raale| saMvatu 1680 jeSTa mAse zukla pakSa paravaNI navamI bhoma dine zrInaradI jahA~goravAdisAhirAjyavartamAne zrIkASThAsaMge mAthurAnve pukaragaNe bhaTTAraka zrItuNacandradevAn / tatva bhadAraka zrIsakalacandraH / tatpa? maMDalAcA mAhendraseNa tatsiSa paMDita bhagavatIdAlu / tena idaM saMcikA-madhye lipkRtaaH|| liSApita yonIdAsu zubhamastu / " isameM pahale ho zrIkundakundAcArya-praNIta 'paTapAhuDha' TIkA-sahita likhI gaI haiN| uparAnta 'paramAtmaprakAza' likhakara 'yogasAra' ke dohe likhe gaye haiM, jinameM Adi-anta ke ye haiM:"Nimmala jjhANa pariDiyA, kamma-kalaMka uddevi | appAladdhau jeNa paru, te paramappa navevi // 1 saMsArahaM bhayabhIpaNa, jogacanda munnienn| appAsaMbohaNa kayaha, dohA kavvamiseNa // iti / " isake bAda devasena-kRta 'tatvasAra' likhA gayA hai, jisakI prArambhika aura antima gAthAe~ isa prakAra haiM: "mANagni-ghaTTakamme Nimmala suvisuddha laddha-sadbhAve / Nami UNa paramasiddha, sutavvasAraM pochAmi // so UNa savvasAraM, raiyaM muNiNAha devaseNeNa / jo saTTiI bhAvada, so pAvara sAsayaM sokkhaM // 74 // " phira dravya-saMgraha likha kara 'sAmAyika samasta bhakti tIna-sahita' likhA hai| zAyada yaha bambaI ke muni anantakIti-granthamAlA-dvArA prakAzita sAmAyika grantha hI hai| uparAnta 'dADhasI gAthAyeM' 38 dI haiN| Adi-anta yathAvat samajhiye: "TUTaMti palAlaharaM, mANusajammasma pANiyaM dinna / jIvA je hiNaNAyA, NAUNa Na rakkhiyA jehiM // 1 //

Page #47
bira) eka prAcIna guTakA vipaliMdaya paMcediya, samaNA amaNAya pajapajantA / thAvara-cAyara-suhumA, maNavayakApaNa rakkhivvA // 2 // chatIsaggAhAe, jo paThai suNai bhattibhAraNaM / so Naru jANai vaMdho, mokkho puNuNANamau hode // 37 // jo jANai arahanto, cassa guNatthapajayatvehi / so jANadi appANaM, mohokhubhujAi tassa layaM // 38 // " Age bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti-viracita 'sadbhApitAvalI" likhakara 'TaMDANA rAsa' likhA gayA hai, jisake namUne isa prakAra haiM: "tUM syANA tUM sthANA jiyar3e tUM mANA ve| dasaNuNANucaraNuapaNu guNa kyoM taji huvA ayANA ve // 1 // mohamithyAta paDiu nita, pakhasi cahuMgati-mAMhi yaMmANA ve| narakagatihi duSachedaNu, bhedaNu tADaNa tApa sahANA ve // 2 // dharmasukala dhari dhyAnu anUpama, lahi niju keyala nANA ve| japati dAsa bhagavatI pAvahu, sAsau suhunivvANA ve // 4 // inhIM kavi bhagavatIdAsa jI kI aura kaI racanAyeM isI guTake meM Age dI huI haiN| yaha kavi aura maiyA bhagavatI dAsajI eka haiM, yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA aura jo prazasti isa guTake ke lipi-saMbandha meM dI huI hai, usase inakA samaya vi0 saM0 1680 aura nivAsa sthAna sahajAdipura nagara mAlUma hotA hai| sanarahavIM zatAbdI kI hindI-padyaracanA meM inakI kavitAyeM bhI ullikhita kI jA sakatI haiN| inake namUne yathAkrama Age dekhate caliye / "vanajAra" zIrSaka racanA bhI inhA ko racI huI hai| jisake namUne ye haiM: "catura vanajAre ho namaNu karahu niNarAi, sArada-pada sira bhyAi, e mere nAika ho // 1 // catura vanajAre ho kAyAnagara mamAri, cetanu vanajArA rahaha mere nAika ho / sumati-kumati do nAri, tihi samanehu adhika gahai mere nAika ho // 2 // catura banajAre ho teraha mriganainI tiya doI, ika gorI ika sAMbalI mere nAika ho| terI goraDa kAja suloha, sAMvala haha laDavAvalI mere nAika ho // 3 // catura vanajArina ho guru muni mAhidasaina darasAni tihaM suSu pAie merI sundari ho / dUri kiyA tini maiMnu tAsu carani libalAie mere nAika ho| catura banajAre ho siharujAdinagAra-mamAri / dAsa bhagavatI yauM kahA mere nAika ho| je gAvahi nara-nAri sivapuri sAsausuSa lahaI mere nAraka ge // 3 // "

Page #48
105 bhAskara "vIra jinesura namanu karivi / sArada sira nyAU / pandraha tithi jagi varata- sAru tisa rAsA gAMU // 1 // jaMbUdIvahaM bharata, caMpApura jANI / dhAr3I vahu tripu aGgadesi padamAvati rANI // 2 // guru murNimA hiMdaseNa caraNa nami rAsA kIyA / dAsa bhagavatI agaravAli jiNapada manu dIyA // 21 // par3hahiM guNahiM suNi maga dharahiM, tinha pAu paNAsaha riu sou luhu kaSTu haradda dhari saMppara vAsa // 22 // " tIsarI racanA "dasalAkSaNI rAsA" hai aura vaha yaha hai : - " taNaruha nAbhinariMda namauM, sArada paNa mesau / dahalakkhA jagidhammasAru siMha rAsu bhosau // 1 // jaMbUdIvaha bharahaSeti, mAgadha chai dekho| rAyagrahI puriyahu sujANu seNiuju nareso // 2 // aSTakarama hariNa moSi gaye, taji cahuMgati dukkho / naMtacatuSTaya solahi avinasura sukkho / avara koi narunAri iho, vratu maNavaca - kAirasI / rAjariddhi suhusidha lahi bhavasAyaru tarasI // 33 // guru muNimAhidaMsaiMNu nAmu muNicandu bhaNIjai / Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat t isake bAda isameM 'tatvAtha -sUtra' jI lipibaddha kiye hue haiM / aura phira bhagavatIdAsa jI . kI racanAyeM milatI haiM / sabase pahale 'Aditata sA' likhA huA hai / namUne yoM dekhiye:"Adi jinesura namasakarI, sArada paNa syoM / vivrata kathA vidhAri ghAi, lahu rAsu karesau // 1 // vAnArasi parapAlu nivo matisAgara sAho / dhari guNa hundari sAtapUta chaha kiyA vivAho // 2 // guru muNicanda pasAi kiyA yahu rAsu vicArI / dAsa bhagautI bhai sumuhu bhaviyaNa miNa dhAri // 16 // par3hahiM guNahiM suNi saddahara, ravitrata citu lAvaMda | rAjariddhi nara amara - sukhu sivaramaNoM pAvahiM // 20 // " dUsarI racanA 'pakhavADe kA rAsa' hai aura usake namUne ye haiM: bhAga hai , www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #49
eka prAcIna guTakA tihuM pasAi ihu rAsu kiyA, duhu-dugati-nivAraNa / par3harhi guNahiM suNi saddahahi, tinha sivasuhu karaNu // 34 // " cauthI racanA "gyAraha anuprekSA hai, isake namUne bhI yoM dekhiye: "avadhU jANie hodhU kicha deSiya nAhi, ki ruci mAni paho, vihuDaI jo SiNamAhi / SiNamAhi jAhi vilAsa-mandira, baMdhusuta-vita ati ghaNA / jala-reha-deha-sanehu tiya-dAmini damaka jiu jovanAM // jisa hati jAta na vAra lAgai, bulabalA li peSie / avadhU parikSa kaho jia siu-dhUna kicha jagi deSie // 1 // bhavi bhavi bhAvie ho ratnatraya-guNa-zAnu / appA mAie ho dhamma sukala dhari dhyAnu // mani dhyAnu jinavara hou bhavi / bhavi guru digaMvvaru pAie / sanyAsa-maranA appa-saraNA sIla siu liva lAie // chaMDahu sadA mani-rAga-dosahuM, deu jiNavaru jhAie / kavi kahi bhagavatI dAsa siva-suSu aihu bhavi 2 bhAvie / // 12 // " pAMcavIM racanA "SIcaDI rAsA" hai aura vaha isa prakAra prArambha hotA hai: "paMca parama guru vaMdivi sArada namaNu keri| picar3I rAsu payAmini suNahu bhAu dhari // 1 // jiNa viNu japu navi sohahata puna bivaM bhavinAM / tava viNu muNi navi sohai, paMkaju ambha vinAM // 2 // samakita viNu varatu na sohai, saMjamu dhamma vinAM / dayA viNa dhamma na sohai, udimu karma vinAM // 3 // sakalacanda bhaTTAraka uttama ghimaaNdhro| tAsu paTTi vayamaMDiya muNi munnicndvro|| tAsu pasAe rAsA picar3I uttiyaU / / hoi bhUri suhu-saMghaha bhaNai bhagautiyaU // 40 // " chaThI racanA "anantacaturdasI caupAI" hai aura vaha isa prakAra hai: "prathama namo jiNavara aadiisu| baDDamANa jiNa nyAU sIsu // puNu pupuyaNavivi sArada mAi / gorama gaNahara lAgauM pAra // 1 //

Page #50
150 bhAskara -- jaMbUdIupa siddhau loi, bharaharSittu dAhiNi disi hoi / magadha desu desani-paradhAnu, gAMnabhamaMDila sobhadda bhAnu // 2 // puvva purANi bhaNi muNi Asi, te suNi bhaNia bhagavatI dAsa / par3hahi guNahijai bhaviyaNa loi, mukati-sirI-phalu pAvahiM soi // 50 // " sAtavIM racanA "sugaMdhadasamI - kathA" hai aura usake namUne isa prakAra haiM:"nemi jiniMda namoM dhari bhAu, sumati-sugati dAtA sivarAu / pugnu paNamo sArada sira nyAi, risi-gura - ganahara lAgau pAMi // tAsu pasAe yaha caupahI, dAsa bhagautI lahu-mati kahI / par3hahi guNahiM je bhaviyaNa loya, mukatisirI-phala pAvahiM soya // je naru suhiM maNidhari subhAu, bhava-bhava bhUri pAsa pAu // 51 // " 8 vIM aura 9 vIM racanAyeM zrIAdinAtha aura zAMtinAtha jI kI binatI haiN| unake namUne bhI dekhiye : "Adi jinesura deva, nAbhirAya -kula- kamalarabe | tuva tribhuvana-kRta seva, cUriya karma-kalaMka save // saThi paiDi bipAi, kevala sAmu upAyatane / dharmAdharma dikhAi, vohiya jIva avohaghane // 1 // X X X guru maMkhi mAMhidaseNu, rayaNattaya - guNi- maMDiyo / taji maNiNi aNu, kAmu kasAya viDiyo // padapaMkaja nami tAsu, vInatar3I jiNanAha karI / bhagata bhagavatIdAsa, zisuNahu bhaviyaNa bhAu dharI // 9 // " X X X NANadharo / aNaMgaharo // "parama niraMjaNu soi, sAMti jiNesaru avara na tribhuvana koi, siMha sama deu lohu-kohu madu iMDi mohu-mayA tiNa paMcamahambaya-maMDi, uttamatrimataNi maNi dhariyA // 1 // " parahariyA / X X X "guru muNi mAhiMdasaipu tAsu caraNajuga vandi karI / pAiu jiNa-magu-reNu, dAsa bhagautI bhAu dharI // vInatar3I yahu lAye, par3hahiM guNahiM je bhaviyajaNA / dhAmi tinaha dhaNu hoi, puNu siva- sAsara- sukkhadhara // 10 // Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ bhAga 4 www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #51
Form:] eka prAcIna guTakA brahma- agani parajAli kara iMdhana-kAma jarAu / kai vanitA - saMga dhari raho, kaI tapa-bhasama caDhAu || " 10 vIM racanA "samAdhI rAsa" hai, jisake Adi-da- anna ke chanda yoM haiM: - "jie caubIso namaNu karesau' vIjada sArada - patha parAmesyo ! sAdhu samAdhI -rAsu bhaNesa dukkha-kalesa jalaMjali desa // x X guru muNicanda-ca -caraNa citu lAvA, dAsa bhagavatI rAsA gAvA | avara bhaviku jo par3hai par3hAvara, so maNavaMtriya saMppara pAvara // " 11 vIM racanA "AditavAra kathA" hai, usakI bhI bAnagI dekha lIjiye: X X "sayala jiNa haMyaya paNavidhi sarasaya jamalu kare / ravitra variya payAsami nisu rAhu bhAu dharai // 1 // jaMbUdI upa siddhau, bharapitu jahAM | vANArasi nayaripupu niu paipAlu tahAM // 2 // X X sakalacaMdu bhaTTAragu samyaga NANa-dharo | tAsu paTTivayamaMDiya muNi muNicandavaro | tAsu caraNa nami bhaviya huhumaya uttiya / hou kusala vosaMgha bhagaha bhagotiyaU // 45 // 12 vIM racanA "cunar3I mukamiNI" kI hai, jisake namUne mI dekhiye. - tripe, manavayakAmati suddhi ho / "Adi jinesa sArada-paya paNamaMDa sadA, upajaha niramala buddhi ho // merI mukati-ramaNi kI cUnar3I, tuma jinavara dehu raMgAi ho / trima vaha siya- piya- sundarI, aruna anUpaga lAla ho // merI bhavitAraNa khUnar3o // 1 // samakita vastu visAhile, jJAnasalila saMgi mei ho / mala pacIsa utAriye, dir3ha manuM sAji dei ho // merI kati ramaNI kI cUnar3I tuma jinavara dehu raMgAi ho / merI bhavajala-tAraNa cUbar3I // 2 // X X. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat X 959 www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #52
bhAskara mukati-ramaNi raMgi so ramara, basu-guNa-maMDita soi ho / naMtacatuSTaya suSu ghaNAM, jammaNu maraNu na hoi ho // merI mukati0 // guru muni mAhidasainu hui, padapaMkaja nami tAsu hoN| sahari suhAbai bUDie, bhanata bhagautIdAsu ho // merI mukti0|| rAjabali jahAMgIra kaha phiriya jagati tisa ANa ho / sasirasavasuviMdA dharahu saMvatu guNahu sujAna ho||" 13 vI racanA "yogI rAsA" hai aura vaha isa prakAra hai: "parama niraMjanu, bhavaduha-bhaMjanu jinu-jogI jaga-nAtho / Adi jagada guru mukati-ramaNi yaru tAhi navAU mAtho // 1 // bodha diyAyara gaNahara huete nami paNamauM pAyA / sAhu-siromaNi lohAvAraju jini jiNamaggo batAyA // 2 // peSahu ho tuma peSahu bhAI, jogI jagamarhi soii| ghaTa-ghaTa-antari basai cidAnandu alaSu na laSada koI // 3 // bhava-vana bhUli rahyau bhramirAvalu, sivapura-sudhi visarAI / parama pratidiya sivasuSu taji kari viSayani rahiu lubhAI // 4 // " "naMtacatuSTaya-guNa-gaNa rAjahiM tinha ko hau balihArI / mani dhari dhyAnu japahu zivanAika, jiu utarahu bhavapArI // 37 // "jogIrAsau suNahu bhavikajaNaM, jiu tUTahiM krmpaaso| gurumuNi mAhidasena-caraNa nami bhanata bhagavatIdAso // 38 // " 14 vI racanA "anathamI' zIrSaka isa prakAra hai| "nave piNa sAmiya vIra jiNida, tiloya payAsaNa-boha-diNiMha / payatthaMha bhASaNaNeya payAra, gaNiMda namAmi bhavovahitAra // 1 // suriMda nariha samucciya jANi, sayapaNamAmi jiNesara-cANi, payAsami guNu aNathamiya suloi / suNehu tu sAvayaNizcala hora // 2 // murNidu janiMdu mahiMdajisa~nu jiNi uraNi durddhara durjaya maiMnu / gamoM para-saMkaja maNAvara tAsu, supaMDita bhagA bhagavatIdAkha // 26 // "

Page #53
eka prAcIna guTako 15 vIM racanA 'manakarahA rAsu' hai aura usake namUne isa prakAra haiM: - 3 1 "mana karahA jagavanimahiM bhramyoM, carata viSad - bana rAi re | cahuMgati cahuMdisa so phira bhavataravara - phala bAI re // mana0 // 1 // bhare lakha caurAsI mahiM rulyA, karahalu paMcapayArI re| suranara - pasu - joNihiM phiriU, naraya gayo bahuvAra re // mana0 // 3 // jare nitya itaraMju nigodahIM, sAta-sAta laSa mAMhI re | vasu-dasa jammaNa-maraNa tahAM, samajha samajha julahAI re // mana0 // 3 // X X X are jaba jiyass sivapuru lahyo, jammaNu-maraNu na hoi re / naMtacatuSTaya suSu ghaNaNaM, basuguNa-maMDita soI re // mana0 // 24 // guru muni mAdisainu hadda, pada-paGkaja nami tAso re | sahari bhai sahijAdapura, bhanata bhagautI dAso re // mana0 // 25 // " 16 vIM racanA 'vIrajindi - gIta' zIrSaka hai. jisake Adi - anta ke chanda isa prakAra haiM: "vIra jiniMda - samosara Ni jo vipulAcala giri thAni / meghakumAri vaira giojI, suni guru gan2aharavAni // manohara dharami mahAvrata yAru, yaha saMsAro asAru rI mAI, dharami mahAvratabhAru // 11 // navajovana tU bAlikojI, ati duI ra jAU joga / basu ramaNI gayagAmiNI jo, bahubiha bhugavaddu bhogu // - kumarajI saMjumu duraddharabhAru // 2 // guru munimadina nami jI, bhanata bhagavatI dAsu / je nara-nArI gAvahiM jI, teto uhi karmapAsu // parama guru dhani saMyama dhAru // 22 // | " 183 17 vIM racanA "rohiNIta rAsu" hai aura usakA Adi anta isa prakAra hai:"paNavivi vIra-varaNa gurugaNa gaNaharu, aru sArada sira nyAU / rohariNA - vidhirAsu anupama, maNavatri rucikara gAMU' | bhavika jaNa // tAsu pasAikiyo maha lahumati, gehaNivratavidhi rAso | agaravAla aragala pura pahaNi bhanata bhagautIdAso // 42 // "

Page #54
bhAskara / bhAMga 18 vI racanA 'DhamAla rAjamatI-nemIsara' kA hai aura usake namUne ye haiM : "paMca parama guru vaMdivi kari sArada jayakAru / gurupada-paMkaja paNamauM, sumati-sugati-dAtAru // soraThi desu bhalA saba desanimai paradhAnu | mahimaMDali i rAjati jiu nabha-maMDalu bhAnu // 1 // tahiM navarI dvArAvati vana-upavana-ArAma / indrapurI suviseSati hemarata naI dhAma // kaMvala-achAditi bAvari, sItara bAri rsaal| kUpa ghane jalapUrita padamasahita ,saratAla // 2 // x x koTi jatana koI karihau jIvanu so nita naahiN| tanu-dhanu-jIvanu binasaha kIrati rahai jagamAMhi // 6 // muni mAhendrasaina guru tiha jugacarana pasAra | bhASata dAsa bhagavatI, thAni vapisthali Ai // 61 // nara-nArI je gAvahiM suNahi, caturade kaanu| bhogavi suranara suhaphala pAMvahi sivapura thAnu // 62 // " 19 vo racanA 'sajJAnI DhamAla' hai aura vaha isa prakAra likhA gayA hai: "yahu sahAnI jIu jaNi avANu huvA ho| dhuva dInoM visarAi rAcyau tana adhu vAho // aiku taji visuSaM renu, nisi-dina aiku kiyA ho| aika binA jagamAhi, bahu duSa aiki diyo ho // 1 // jagamahiM jIvanu supanA. mana-manamathu prhripe|| lohu-kohu-mada-mAyA, taji bhavasAyaru tariNe // muNi mAhendraseNi iha nisi praNAmA tAso / thAni kapisthali nIkai bhanati bhagautI dAso // 2 // " isa taraha ye racanAyeM kavi bhagavatIdAsa jI agravAla kI haiN| inameM Apane jo apane bAremeM ullekha kiyA hai usase prakaTa hai ki deza-videza meM vihAra karate dharmasAdhanameM lIna the| Apa sahajAdipura ke nivAsI the aura saMkisA tathA kapisthala meM bhI Akara rahe the| antima donoM grAma jilA pharukhAbAda ke saMkisA aura kaithiyA nAmaka gA~va haiN| sahajAvipura bhI vahIM

Page #55
dina ] eka prAcIna guTakA 585 kahoM hogaa| ina racanAoMse hindI-sAhitya kI pragati aura hindI ke utpatti-krama para prakAza par3atA hai| ye racanAyeM apabhraMza-mASA aura 18 vIM-19 vIM zatAbdI ke bIca kI lar3I haiN| inase spaSTa hai ki kisa prakAra apabhraMza se palaTate-palaTate hindI kI AvirbhUti huI / sacamuca jaina-sAhityabhASA aura itihAsa-sambadhI navIna prakAza upasthita karane se amUlya pratIta hotA hai| Age isa guTake meM 'solahakAraNavata rAsa' isa prakAra diyA huA hai: "vIra jiNesara vasAsa karI goyama paNamesau / molahakAraNa carata-sAra tahi rAsu kaMgsau // jaMbUdIvaha bhAratapeta magadha chai desa / rAjagRha ch| nagara hemaprabha rAjadhanesa // 1 // eka cittu jo vrata kara nama ahavA nArI / tIrthakara-pAda so lahai jo samakita dhArI // sakalakIrati muni rAsu kiyau e solahakAraNa | padahiM guNahiM je saMkha lahi tiha sivasuha kAraNa // " . isake bAda 'jIvasulakSaNa' likhA huA hai, jo isa prakAra hai: "jIva sulakSaNA ho, jiNavara bhAsiu ema | parigrahA pAhuNA ho vihAr3ai suradharamu-jema / / vihaMDatu sura ghaNu jema parigahu, kahA tisa siu racai | nita brahmaloka vicAri hIyar3A duSTa kammahaM vNc|| piya putta-baMdhuvasayalu avadhU rUpa raMgaNa deSaNA / saMvega-surati saMbhAli thirumati, suNau jIva sulakSaNA // haMsA durlabhI ho, mukati-sarovara tIri, / indiya cAhiyA ho pIvata viSayahanIra // ati viSayanIra piyAsa lAgI, viraha vyApati Akulyo / bAraha anupratA-surati char3iya, ema bhUlau baavlo|| aba hou aitau kahau tetau, sumbhaddhavaMsahaM-janmaNa / sanyAsa-maraNau appa-saraNau parama rayaNana guNu // " uparAMta kevalI aura yaMtra dekara guTakA samAna kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha isa guTake kA paricaya hai| iti 30 saM04-6-23

Page #56
jainajyotiSa aura vaidyaka-yandha anupUrti (le0-zrIyuta bAbU agaracanda nAhaTA) bhAskara ke gata aGka meM "jainajyotiSa aura vaidyakagrantha' zIrSaka merA lekha chapA hai, usameM zvetAmbara-vaidyaka-grantha koI prakAzita nahIM huA likho gayA thA, para abhI harSakIrti-kRta yoga-ciMtAmaNi graMtha gujarAtI anuvAda-sahita prakAzita dekhane meM AyA hai evaM paM0 magavAna dAsa jo (jayapura) se kaI etadviSayaka anya jainagraMthoM kA patA lagA hai, ataH nIce unakI sUcI dI jAtI hai : jyotiSa-svapna sAmudrika-grantha 1 bhuvanadIpaka TIkA (ratnadIpaka) ... kharatara ratnadhIra-kRta saM0 1806 / 2 tithisAraNI .... pArvacaMdragacchIya bAgha jI muni 1783 / 3 praznavyAkaraNa (jayaprAbhRta) 4 gArgya saMhitA ... gargamuni (mUla prati apUrNa, madrAsa oriyaNTala lAyabrarI) 5 hastakANDa ... pArvacaMdra 6 zakunAvalI .... siddhasena (bar3audA) 7 svapnacintAmaNi ... durlabharAja (hamAre saMgraha meM mI hai) 8 svaprapradIpa ... varddhamAna sUri (hIrAlAla haMsarAja-dvArA mudrita) 9 zakunaratnAvalI ... , (bar3audA) 10 sAmudrika-lakSaNa ... lakSmIvijaya , 11 sAmudrika ... ajayarAja , 12 , ... rAmavijaya , 13 ramalazAstra ... bhojasAgara , 14 ramalasAra ... vijayadAna sUri , 15 sAmudrikamASA ... khara0 rAmacaMdra saM0 1722 meharA meM hindI meM racita (bIkAnera mA0) 16 nyotiH-prakAza

Page #57
kira 1 jyotiSa- sAroddhAra cau0 2 lIlAvatI cau0 1 mahAdevI - dIpikA 2 jAtaka dIpikA 3 jAtakapaddhati 4 vivAha-paTala artha AyasadbhAva prakaraNa 1 2 ardhakAMDa 3 riTThasamuccaya 4 jinasaMhitA 5 gaNitasAra saTippaNa 1 kAlaka-saMhitA 2 bhadrabAhu saMhitA prA0 3 cAturmAsika kalaMka 1 vaidyakasAra-saMgraha 2 vaidyamanotsava 3 kokazAstra cau0 4 rasAmRtazrI jainajyotiSa aura vaidyaka prantha jainetara granthoM para jaina TIkAe~ gaNita AnaMdamuni 1731 dhanarAja khara0 harSaratna saM0 1765 jinezvarasUri (jaina jJAna-maMdira, bar3audA ) ... khara0 vidyAhema saM0 1837 di0 jyotiSa - grantha maliSeNa durgadeva muni * durgadadeva saM0 1089 ekasaMdhi bhaTTAraka 010 ... ... Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat anupalabdha ... khara0 lAbhavaddha na 1736 ... * bhadrabAhu 4 tithikulaka 5 meghamAlA - vijayahIra sUri zvetAMbara vaidyakaharSa kIrtti -grantha aMcala nayanasukha ... mahAvIrAcArya jyotiSa-grantha kAlakAcArya ... budAcArya mANikyadeva di0 vaidyaka 1 hitopadeza (gu0 anuvAda - sahita mudrita ) jainetara vaidyaka grantha para jaina TIkA 180 1 yogazataka TIkA, mUla vararuci TIkA samaMtabhadra (jainetara ?) noTa-gata aMka meM prakAzita lekha meM pRSTha 114 lAIna tIsaro se 6 pranthoM kA nAma 'jainetara graMthoM para jaina TIkAe" zIrSaka ke nIce AnA cAhiye / sannipAta kalikA TA karttA hemanidhAna saM0 1703 aura kavipramoda saM0 1766 honA cAhiye / zAstrI jI ke sUcita granthoM meM 1 jyotiSasAra 2 yogaciMtAmaNi zve0 graMtha haiM / aSTAMgahRdaya kA karttA jainetara hai| www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #58
farer fore " naiSadhIya carita" meM jaina dharma kA ullekha [ 1 ] saMskRta sAhitya meM 'naiSadhIyacarita' kA bhI apanA khAsa sthAna hai / usakI gaNanA kAlidAsa, maTTi, bhAravi aura mAgha ke mahAkAvyoM se bhI ucca koTi meM kI jAtI hai / kahate haiN| ki yaha zrIharSa kI racanA hai aura usakA samaya IsvI bArahavIM zatAbdo kA antima caraNa hai / isa mahAkAvya meM nala-damayantI kI kathA sarasa rIti se varNita hai / kavi ne jainadharma-viSayaka ullekha dekara yaha spaSTa kara diyA hai ki unake samaya meM jainadharma kA prAbalya adhika thA / " naiSadhIyacarita" ke prathama sarga meM inhoMne likhA hai : - "camUcarAstasya nRpasya sAdino jinoktiSu zrAddhatayaiva saindhavAH 1 vihAradezaM tamavApya maNDalImakArayanbhUrituraMgamAnapi // 71 // ' arthAt -- "jinendra bhagavAna ke vacanoM meM zraddhA na rakhanevAle sindhudeza ke rahanevAle jaina loga vihArasthala meM bahuta se jainoM ko balayAkAra biThAte haiM arthAt madhya meM munIzvara baiThate haiM aura unake cAro ora jainI baiThate haiM / so jisa taraha ve nala ke sainyaloka mo apane ghor3oM ko balAyAkAra ghumAte haiM / " balayAkAra biThAte haiM usI taraha isa ullekha se do bAteM spaSTa haiM (1) jainoM ke upadeza kI prAcIna rIti taba bhI pracalita thI ( 2 ) aura taba sindhudeza meM jainadharma kA acchA pracAra thA / sindhudeza ke itihAsa 'cacanAmA' meM sAtavIM zatAbdI I0 meM zramaNoM ko sindhudeza kA rAjyAdhikArI likhA hai / usameM yaha bhI likhA hai ki jaba muhammada kAsima ne sindhudeza para AkramaNa kiyA to zramaNoM ne usase sandhi karanI caahii| unhoMne kahA ki hamArA dharma zAMtimaya hai- usameM hiMsA karanA, lar3anA aura khUna bahAnA manA hai / unhoMne yaha bhI kahA ki hamAre zAstroM meM yaha pahale hI jyotiSa ke AdhAra para kaha diyA gayA hai ki aba hiMdustAna meM ( mlecchoM ) musalamAnoM kA rAjya hogA | siMdhu deza ke ina zramaNoM ke isa kathana se unakA jainI honA saMbhava hai, kyoMki uparAMta jainiyoM ne ahiMsA ke svarUpa ko aise hI vikRta rUpa samajhe baiThe mila jAte haiM / jaina graMthoM meM yaha bhI ghoSita kiyA gayA hai ki paMcamakAla meM bhArata meM mlecchoM kA rAjya hogA / udhara 11vIM - 12vIM zatAbdiyoM meM vahA~ jainadharma kA prAbalya milatA hI hai| paraMtu itihAsa - * Keith; " Classical Sanskrit Literature" ( Heritage of India Series) p.p. 58-59. t. Elliot; History of India ( London 1867), p. 147, 4. Ibid, pp. 158-161.

Page #59
kirakha 3] vividha viSava lekhaka ina zramaNa logoM ko bauddha prakaTa karate haiN| ata eva yaha Avazyaka hai ki tatkAlIna sAhitya 'cacanAmA' Adi kA sUkSma adhyayana kiyA jAya aura dekhA jAya ki unameM zramaNa zabda kina logoM ke liye vyavahana huA hai| vijJapri-triveNI' Adi jaina graMthoM se bhI siMdhudeza meM jainadharma kA prAvalya spaSTa hai| uparyukta ullekha ke atirikta "naiSadhIyacarita" ke sarga 9 zloka 71 aura saga 13 zloko 36 meM bhI jainadharma kA sAmAnya ullekha hai| 'prazaMsituM saMsadupAntaraM jinam, zriyA jayantaM jagatIzvaraM jinam / giraH pratastAra purAvadevatA, dinAntasandhyAsamayasya devatA // ' (nepadha sgaM 12, zlo087 ) naiSadha ke isa iloka meM jainadharma kA spaSTa ullekha hai| --kA prama "jaina ainTIkverI" ke lekha (sitambara 1937) [2] 1 pro0 e0 ena0 upAdhye ne jainadharma meM yoga kA sthAna kyA hai ? yaha batAyA hai| isa lekha kA sAra hiMdI bhASA meM 'rAyacandra-graMthamAlA', bambaI meM prakAzita 'paramAtma-prakAza kI bhUmikA meM diyA gayA hai| 2 DaoN. sukumAra rajana dAsa, ema0e0, pI0eca0DI0 ne jainajyotiSa para likhate hue batAyA hai ki vaha jyotiSa vedAMga ke samAna hai| jaina jyotiSa meM yuga pAMca varSoM kA mAnA gayA hai aura usakA prAraMbha amijita nakSatra se hotA hai| isa yuga meM 60 sauryamAsa, 61 RtumAsa, 62 cAndramAsa,67 nakSatramAsa hote haiN| eka yuga meM candra kI abhijita nakSatra se 7 bAra meMTa hotI hai aura sUrya kA samAgama sipha pA~ca daphA hotA hai| jainajyotiSa meM mahInoM ke nAma nimna prakAra hai :pracalita nAma jainagraMtha pracalita nAma jaina nAma 1-zrAvaNa abhinaMdu 7-mAgha zizira 2-mAdrapada supratiSTha 8-phAlguNa haimavAm

Page #60
110 bhAskara zreyAn [ bhAga 4 pracalita nAma jainagraMtha pracalita nAma jaina graMtha 3-azvayuja vijaya 9-caitra vasanta 4-kArtika prItivarddhana 10-vaisAkha kusumasaMbhava 5-mArgazorSa 11-jyeSTha nidAgha 6-pauSya ziva 12-ASAr3ha vanavirodhI saMvatsara cAra prakAra ke haiM (1) nakSatra-saMvatsara, 327+3 dina; (2) yuga-saMvatsara pA~ca varSa; (3) pramANa-saMvatsara, (4) shni-sNvtsr| tithiyA~ dina aura rAta kI alaga haiN| ___ RtuyeM paoNca haiM-(1) varSA (2) zizira (3) hema (4) vasanta aura (5) grmii| RtuoM kA prAraMbha ASAr3ha mAsa se hotA hai| yugasaMvatsara kA prAraMbha zrAvaNa kRSNA pratipadA se hotA hai| kauTilya ke samaya meM varSe kA prAraMbha ASAr3ha ke aMta se hotA thaa| 3 "jaina kronolojI' zIrSaka lekha meM jaina saMgha kI paurANika samayAnuvartI ghaTanAyeM aGkita haiN| 4 pro0 zeSagiri rAva ne jainoM ke dhArmika Adarza para mahatvapUrNa prakAza DAlA hai / vaha Adarza arhat pada ko prApta karanA hai; jise Apa vaidika Adarza 'brahmasiddhi' aura bauddhoM ke Adarza "nirvANa-siddhi" ke anukUla samajhate haiN| Apa kI mAnyatA hai ki jaba ina sampradAyoM ko veda-vAhya kahA jAtA hai taba unake isa maulika sAdRzya ko naz2ara andAja kara diyA jAtA hai| .. isa samaya ina prAcIna dharmoM kA adhyayana samanvaya dRSTi se karanA Avazyaka hai| vedoM meM homa zabda pazuo ke homane ke liye prayukta huA hai- usake mAne AtmakSetra meM kucha aura ho ho jAte haiN| jainastotra 'ahamAdibhaktiH' meM use ahaMkAra ko nAza karanevAlA kahA hai| isa stotra kA aMtima vAkya 'brahma vidanti param ye' hameM aupaniSadika ukti 'brahmavidApnoti param' kI yAda dilAtA hai| jainastotra 'AcAryabhakti' meM mukti-saukhya kA ullekha hai| ma0 buddha kA dharmAnveSaNa isI mukti-saukhya ke liye thA aura unhoMne use 'nirvANa' khaa| kaI jainastotroM ke uddharaNoM se yaha bAta siddha hai| anta meM pro0 sAhaba likhate haiM ki prAcIna jainadharma vIratApUrNa yogamArga ko mokSasukha pAne ke liye Avazyaka ThaharAtA hai| kyA bharatakhaMDa ke vaidika sanAtanI dekheMge ki jisa 'saMyamayoga' kA vidhAna jainastotra 'vIrastuti' meM hai, ThIka vahI zikSA 'bhagavadgItA' ke prAraMbhika chai adhyAyoM meM hai ? 5 jarmanI ke pro0 helmutha phAna nAsenappa ne tAMtrika bauddhamatAnuyAyiyoM ke "AryAma - zrI-mUlakalpa" nAmaka graMtha ke dUsare parivrata meM ma0 RSabhadeva kA ullekha huA batAyA hai| uma maNDala meM likhA hai ki :-.:

Page #61
kiraNa] vividha viSaya "kapila muni ma RSivaro, nirgrantha-tIrthaGkara RSabhaH nirgrantharUpI / " eka maNDala kI mAgyaracanA meM jina mahApuruSoM ne bhAga liyA thA unakA varNana karate hue bauddha RSamadeva jaise mahApuruSa ko bhulA hI kaise sakate the ? ukta graMtha kA cInI bhASA meM anuvAda san 980-1000 I0 meM huA thaa| gyArahavIM zatAbdI meM vaha tibbata kI bhASA meM anuvAdita kiyA gayA thaa| 5 jekoslovekiyA ke prophesara aoTo sTIna ne svargIya DA0 vinTaranIja kA paricaya dayA hai| vinTaranIja kA janma 23 disambara 1863 ko AsTriyA ke horna nAmaka sthAna para huA thaa| inhoMne prophesara bulhara ke nikaTa jainadharma kI zikSA pAI thii| "jainasAhitya, kA acchA paricaya Apane apane "bhAratIya sAhitya ke itihAsa" meM diyA hai| kheda hai ki tArIkha 9 janavarI, 1237 ko Apa kA svargavAsa ho gyaa| -kAmatA prasAda SIR

Page #62

Page #63
tiloyapaNNattI Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat prophesara e0 ena0 upAdhye. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #64

Page #65
tiloya paNNatto maDhavIpa paMvasantabhAguNa charajjuvikkhaMbhA sattarajjuprAyadA solasajoyaNasahassabAhallA vANaudisahassAhiya paMcarAhaM lakkhANamegUNavaMcAsabhAgabAhallaM jagapadaraM hodi // 310 // = 592 0 0 0 49 sattamabhAgUNasattarajjuvikkhaMbhA sattarajjuAyadA ajoyaNasahassa satamapuDhavIpa bAhallA caudAlasahassAhiya tirANaM lakkhANamegUNapaMcAsabhAgabAhallaM jagapadaraM hodi // 319 // 344000 pANi savvamelide pattiyaM hodi / aTThamapuDhavIpa sattarajjuprAyadA ekkarajjuruMdA ajoyaNabAhallA sattamabhAgAhiyeyajjoyaNabAllaM jagapadaraM hodi // 312 // 49 8 = 4364056 49 padehi dohi khettANaM vidaphalaM saMmeliya sayalaloyaMmi avaNide' avasesaM suddhAyAsapamANaM hodi tassa ThevaNA kevalaNANatiNesaM copsIsAdisayabhUdisaM parANaM / NAbheyajiNaM tihuvaNaNamaMsaNijjaM NamaMsAmi // [ 313] // Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat evamAiriyaparamparAgayatiloya paNNattIe sAmaNNajagasakhtraNirUpaNapaNNattI raNAma paDhamo mahAdhiyAro sammatto ||1|| 33 Confusion of Nos. in all the Mss. 2 avalode (?) www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #66
tiloyaMpaeNattI ajiyajiNaM jiyamayaNaM duritaharaM AjavaM javAtIdaM / paNamiya NirUvamANaM NArayaloyaM NirUvemo // 1 // NiddhaiNivAsakhidiparamANaM AudayaohiparimANaM / guNaThANAdINaM cayasaMkhAuppajamANajIvANaM // 2 // jammaNamaraNANaMtarakAlapamANAdi eksmymmi| uppajaNamaraNANa ya parimANaM taha ya AgamaNaM // 3 // NirayagadiAubaMdhaNapariNAmA taha ya jmmbhuumiipro| NANAdukkhasarUvaM dasaNagahaNaM sahedujoNIo // 4 // evaM paNNarasavihA yahiyArA variNadA samAseNa / titthayaravayaNaNiggayaNArayapaNNattiNAmAe // 5 // loyabahumajjhadese tarummi sAraM va rajjupadarajudA / terasarajjuchehA kiMcUNA hodi tasanAlI // 6 // maNapamANaM daMDA koDitiyaM ekavIsalakkhANaM / / pAsahiM ca sahassA dusayA igidAla dutibhAyA // 5 // 32 1622412 3 athavA uvavAdamAraNaMtiyapariNadatasaloyapUraNeNa gado / kevaliNo avalaMbiya sabajago hodi tasanAlI // 8 // kharapaMkAppabahulA bhAgA rayaNappahA ya puDhavINaM / bahalattaNaM sahassA sola causIdi sIdI ya // 9 // 16000 | 84000 | 80000 kharabhAgo NAdavo solasabhedehiM saMjudo NiyamA / cittAdIyo khidino tesiM cittA bahuviyappA // 10 // NANavihavaNNAbho mahIu taha silaatlaaovvaadaa| bAluvasakarasIsayaruppasuvaNNANa vadaraM ca // 11 // ... bhayadaMbataurasAsayamaNisilAhiMgulANi hridaalN| mANapavAlagomajagANi rujagaMkalaMbhapadarANi // 12 // taha aMbavAlukAo palihaM jalakaMtasUrakatANi / caMdappahaveruliyaMgeruvacaMdassalohidakANi // 13 // rimA (6); 2 A guNaTA pAThANAdINaM; 3 AB saba; 4 B bahU, 5 sukSaNANi (1) /

Page #67
tiloyaparaNato baMbaya'bagamoasAraggapahudINi vivihavaNNANi / jA' hoti ti patteNaM cittepti ya variNado eso // 14 // padAvaM bahalataM ekasahassaM havaMti joyaNayA / tIe heDhA kamaso coisa raeNaya khidamahI // 15 // tayaNamA veruliyaM lohiyayaMka asAragallaM ca / / gomajayaM pavAlaM jodirasaM+ aMjaNaM NAma // 16 // aMjaNamUlaM aMkaM phaliha caMdaNaM ca vazcagayaM / bahulA selaM iya edAI patteka igisahassavahalAI // 17 // tANa khidINaM heTThA pAsANaM NAma rayaNasolasama / joyaNAsahassabahalaM vettAsaNasaNNiho saMThAu // 18 // paMkAjiro disadi evaM paMkabahulabhAgo vi / apabahulo vibhAga salilasaruvassavo hodi (?) // 19 // evaM bahuviharayaNaMpayArabharido vigajade jamhA / rayaNappaho ti' tamhA bhaNidANiuhi guNaNAmA // 20 // sakaravAluvapaMkA dhUmatamA tamatamaM ca samacariyaM | jetaM (1) avasesAo chappuDhavIu guNaNAmA // 21 // battIsahAvIsaM cauvIsaM vIsa solasaha ca | hehimachappuTavINaM bahalataM joyaNaM sahassA // 22 // 32000 / 28000 / 24000 / 20000 / 16000 / 8000 viguNiyachazcausaTThIsadviduvisaTiaTThacauvaNNA / pahalattaNaM sahassA hehimapoDhavIyachANaM pi||23|| 132000 / 128000 / 120000 | 198000 / 196000 / 108000 / pAThAntaram satta ciya bhUmIu NavadisabhApaNa ghaNovahI vilaggA | bhamabhUmI vasadisabhAgelu ghaNovahi' chivadi // 24 // punvAvaradibhAe vettAsaNasaMNihAu sNtthaao| uttaradakkhiNadIhA aNAdiNihaNA ya puDhavIo // 25 // 15 vaga; 2 A B jAhoti tie neNa ; 3 masAragallaM (?); 4 S jodissa; 5katyaga (?); 6 selasamaM (1); 7 raNapaha tti (?); 5 s vilayA; 95 vaNovahiM /

Page #68
26 tiloyapaeNattI culasIdIlakkhANaM NirayavilA hoti svvpuddhviisuN| pudaviM paDipattakka tANaM pamANaM parUvemo // 26 // 8400000 / tIsaM paNavIsaM-ca ya paNNarasaM dasa tigiNa hoti lakkhANi | paNarahideka lakkhaM paMca ya rayaNei puDhavINaM // 27 // 3000000 | 2500000 | 1500000 | 1000000 / 300000 / 88885 / 5 / sattamakhidibahumajjhe bilANa sesesu appabahulattaM / uvari hetu joyaNasahassamujjhIya havaMti paDAlakame (1) // 28 // paDhamAdibiticaukke paMcamapuDhavIe ticaukkabhAgataM / adiuNahA NirayAMbalA taTThiyajIvANa tivvadAghakaga // 29 // paMcami khidipa turime bhAge chaTThIya sattame mahIe / adisIdA NirayabilA tahidajIvANa ghorasIdayarA // 30 // bAsIdi lakkhANaM ugahabilA pNcviisdishssaa| paNahattaraM sahassA adisIdi bilANi igilakkhaM // 31 // 8225000 / 175000 / merusamalohapiMDaM sIdaM uNhe bilaMmi pakkhittaM / Na lahadi talappadesaM vilIyade mayaNakhaMDaM va // 32 // merusamalohapiMDaM uhaM sIde bilamhi pakkhitaM / Na lahadi talaM padesaM vilIyade lavaNakhaMDaM va // 33 // ajagajamahisaturaMgamakharoTTamajAraahiNarAdINaM / kudhidANaM gaMdhehiM NiyarabilA' te aNaMtaguNA // 34 // kakkhakavacchurIdo(?) khairiMgAlA tikkhasUIpa / kuMjaraciMkArAdo NirayabilA dAruNa tamasahAvA // 35 // iMdayaseDhIbaddhA padaNNayA ya havaMti viyppaa| te savve NirayabilA dAruNadukkhANa saMjaNaNA // 36 // terasaekkArasaNavasarApaMcatieka IdayA hoti / rayaNappahapahudIsu puDhavIsu prANupuvIe // 30 // 13 | 11 / 9 / 7 / 5 / 3 / 1 [ AS syayoha; 2 binANi; 3 paDala (?); 45 puDhavIya; 5 SaTThIe (1); 6 avisIda (1), 7 girabavilA (2); 8 cikArAdo (1) /

Page #69
tiloya paNNattI padamamhi idayamiha ya disAsu uNavaNNaseDhibaddhA ya | praDadA vidisAsu vidiyAdisu ekaparihINA // 38 // 49 49 48 45 48 49 Ye 49 ekkataterasAdI sattasu ThANesu milidaparisaMkhA / uNvarANA paDhamAdo iMdayapaDiNAmayaM hoMti // 39 // sImaMtago ya paDhamaM girayo roga ya maMtaUbhaMtA / saMbhaMtayasaMbhaMta' vibhaMtA tatha tasidA ya // 40 // vakkaMtayavaktA vikkaMto hoMti paDhamapuDhatrIe / thago taNago maNago vaNago dAgho ya saMghAdo // 41 // jimbAji-bagalolA lolayathaNa lolugAbhidhAraNA ya / pade bitriyakhidIpa ekkArasa iMdayA hoMti // 42 // 11 tetto' sIdo tavaraNo tAvaNaNAmA zivAghapaja lido / ujja lido saMjalido saMpajjalido ya tadipuDhavIe // 43 // Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat 9 prAro mAro tAro tacco tamago taheva vAdeya / khaDakhaDaNAmA turimaMkhoNIe iMdayA tassa // 44 // 7 tamabhamajhasayaM 'vAvilatimiso duccupahA dvIpa | himavaddalalalakA sattamabhavaNIpa bhavadhiThANo nti (1) // 45 // 5 / 3 / 1 / padamidayapaDhamaseDhibaddhANaM 1 dhammAdIpuDhavINaM NAmANi veimo puvvAdipadAhiko (1) kameNa // 46 // I ABS 40 ; 2 A sambhaMta, S sajyaMta ; 3 tatto (?) ; 45 tathyo; 5 AB pAvijJa / www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #70
tiloyapaeNattI paMkhApivAsaNAmA mahakaMkhA yadipivAsaNAmA ya / / AdimaseDhIbaddhA cattAro hoMti sImaMte // 4 // paDhamo aNizcaNAmo bidio vijo tahA mhaannijo| mahavijo ya cauttho puvAdisu hoti ghaNagamhi // 48 // dukkhA ya vedaNAmA mahadukkhA turimayA a mhaavedaa|| tattidiyassa pade puvAdisu hoti cattAro // 49 / / Aridae Nisaho paDhamau bidio vi aNjnnnnirodho| tattiupa adiNisatto mahaNirodho cauttho tti // 50 // tamakiMDae Niruddho vimaddaNo yadiNidhuNAmo' y| turimo mahAvimaddaNaNomA puvAdisu disAsu // 51 // himA dayamhi hoMti hu NIlA paMkA ya taha ya mahaNINA / mahapaMkA puvAdisu seDhIbaddhA ime caurA // 52 // kAlo roravaNAmo mahakAlo puvapahudidibhAe / maharorau' cauttho avadhIThANassa ciMtedi // 53 // avasesaIdayANaM puvAdidisAsu seDhibaddhANaM / NattAI NAmAI paDhamANaM bidiyapahudiseDhINaM // 54 // disavidisANaM milidA aTThAsIdajudA ya tiSiNa syaa| sImaMtaeNa juttA uNaNavado samadhiyA hoMti // 55 // 388 / 389 / uNaNavadI tigiNa sayA paDhamAe paDhama paMthale hoti / vidiyAdisu hote mAghaviyAe puDhaM paMca // 56 // 389 / aTThANaM pi disANaM ekkakka hIyade jhaakmso| ekkekahIyamANe paraM jiya hoti parihANe (?) // 5 // iDhidiyappamANaM rUUNaM atADiyA nniymaa| uNaNavaditisaesuM avaNiya seso havaMti ya ppaDalA // 58 // athavA itthe padaravihINo uNavaNNA atADiyA NiyamA / sA paMcarUvajuttA icchidaseDhidayA hoti // 59 // I badiNiva (1); 2 maharoravo ?) 3 patthale (?) 4 AB saMraji; 5 dUUNaM (1), 6 Binch|

Page #71
tiloyapaNatI uddiDha paMcUNaM bhajidaM a?hiM sodhae lddh| UNAvaNNAhito sesA tatthidayA hoMti // 60 // AdIo' NihiTThA NiyaNiyacarimidayassa parimANaM | savvatyuttarama? NiyaNiyapadarANi gacchANi (?) // 6 // neNavadijuttadusayA paNajuddusaga sayaM ca tettIsaM / sattattari sagatIsaM terasa rayaNappahAdi AdIo // 32 // 293 / 205 / 133 / 77 / 37 | 13 | terasapakArasaNavasagapaMcatiyANi hoti gacchANi / samvadR ttaramaMtaM' rayaNapahAe-pahudipuDhavIsu // 63 // 13 / 11 / 9 / 7 / 5 / 5 / sabaduhara // 7 // cayahadamikkUNapadaM svaNitthAe guNidavayajuttaM | guNidaM-badaNeNa judaM padadalaguNidaM havedi saMkalidaM // 4 // pakkoNamaNNadayamaTThiyavamigajamUlasaMjuttaM / advaguNaM paMcajudaM puDhaviMdavatADidami puDhavighaNaM // 65 // puDhamA iMdayaseDhI vaudAlasayANi hoti tetiisN|| chassayadusahassANiM paNaNaudI bidiyapuTavIe // 66 // 4433 / 2695 / tiyapuDhavIe iMdayaseDhI baudasasayANi paNasodo | sattuttarANi satta ya sayANi te hoMti turimAe // 17 // 1485 / 77 / paNasahI dogiNasayA iMdayaseTIe paMcamakhidoe / tesaTThI carimAe paMcAe hoti NAyabvA // 6 // 265 / 63 / 5 / paMcAdImacarya uNavaNNA hodi gacchaparimANaM | savANaM puDhavINaM seDhIbaddhidayANa idamaM // 69 // ... cayahadamihAdiyapadamekAdiya iguNidaSayahINaM / duguNivavadaNeNa judaM padadalaguNimi hodi saMkalidaM // 7 // I s AdIDa, 2 5 sabaTu trmNt| 5 18 aca, 4 5-mhtttthH|

Page #72
40 athavA tAlaM dalidaM guNidaM aTThe hi paMcarUvajudaM / uNavaNNAe pahadaM savvaghaNaM hoi puDhavINaM // 71 // idayaseDhIbaddhA NavayasahassANi issayANaM pi / tevaraNaM aghiyA savvAsu vi hoMti khoNIsu // 72 // 9653 yiriNayaca rimiMdapayamekkANaM hodi AdiparimANaM | yiNiyapadarA gacchA pacayA savvattha aladdhava // 73 // bAga udittadusayA dusayaM cau sayajudANa battIsaM | chAvattari chattIsaM bArasa rayaNappahAdi AdIu ||74|| 292 | 204 | 132 | 76 | 36 | 12 | terasapakkArasaNavasagapaMcatiyANi hoMti gacchANi | seDhighaNe savvapuDhavINaM // 75 // savvatyuttara maTTha padavaggaM cayapahidaM duguNidagaccheNa guNidamuvajutaM / caTTa' hadapadavihINaM dalidaM jANija saMkalidaM // 76 // cayapadamitthUNa padaM tiloya paNNattI judaM 133 | 8 | rUNicchAe guNidacayaM 9 2 safe, afg? IS padava; Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat 8 duguNidevAdisugamaM cAri sahassANi ya caussayA vIsa hoMti paDhamAe / seDhigadA bidiyA dusahassA chasayANa culasIdI // 77 // 4420 / 2684 | cohasayA chAhatari tadiyAe taha ya santa sayA | turimApa sahijudaM dusatANi paMcamie hodi khAyavvaM // 7 // 1476 | 700 / 260 / www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #73
__ prazasti-saMgraha paM0 ke. bhujabalI zAstrI

Page #74

Page #75
prazasti-saMgraha -.---... -- . . -. madhugiri tAluka meM aGgADi nAmaka sthAna se prAdurbhUta huA thA / isIkA prAcIna nAma zazakapura rhaa| yahA~ para saLa nAma ke sAmanta ne vyAghra se eka jaina muni kI rakSA karane ke kAraNa poyisaLa (hoyisaLa) nAma prApta kiyaa| vidvAnoM kA kahanA hai ki prAraMbha meM yaha vaMza pahAr3I thA, pIche vinayAditya ke uttarAdhikArI ballALa ne apanI rAjadhAnI zazakapura se velUra meM httaalii| dvArasamudra (haLebIDu) meM bhI unakI rAjadhAnI thii| isa vaMza ke viSNuvarddhana ke samaya meM hoyisaLa nazoM kA prabhAva vahuta hI bar3ha gayA thaa| isI samaya gaMgavADi kA purAnA rAjya bhI saba unake adhIna ho gayA thA aura unhoMne kaI pradezoM . ko vijaya-dvArA hastagata kara liyA thaa| prAraMbha meM viSNuvarddhana jena rahA, kintu pIche kAva ho gayA thaa| para phira bhI inakI tathA inake parivAra-caga kI janadhama se sadA macI sahAnubhUti rhii| hoyisaLa rAjya pahale cAlukya sAmrA ya ke antagata thA. bAda narasiMha ke putra bIraballALa ke samaya meM yaha rAJa svatantra ho gyaa| yaha vaMza sadA se jainiyoM kA pradhAna pRSTha-popaka rahA / ullikhita rAjya kI rAjadhAnI granthakartA brahmasUri jI ne 'lava-trayapurI' likhA hai| parantu aitihAsika pramANoM se isa vaMza kI rAjadhAnI sirpha tIna sthAnoM meM hI siddha hotI hai jinake nAma kramazaH (1) zazakapura (2) beluru (3) aura dvArasamudra yA haLebIDu haiN| patA nahIM ki sUri jI dvArA nirdiSTa navayapurI kahA~ thI aura kaba isa rAjya ke antabhukta huI / saMbhava hai ki dvArAsamudra ko hI inhoMne chatrabayapurI likhA ho| kyoMki eka jamAne meM yaha dvAra-samudra jainiyoM kA kendra sA bana gayA thaa| bali kahA jAtA hai ki una dinoM vahA~ sAr3he sAta sau bhavya jinamandira the aura vaiSNava dharma svIkAra karane ke bAda viSNuvardhana ne hI ina bhavya mandiroM ko tahasa-nahasa kara diyaa| vahA~ ke jinamandiroM ke dhvaMsAvazeSa se bhI yaha patA calatA hai ki ullikhita ghaTanA vAstavika hai| aba haLebIDu meM kevala AdinAtha, zAntinAtha evaM pArzvanAtha tIrthaGkara ke tIna hI manojJa mandira raha gaye haiM, jo bhAratIya zilpakalA ke AdarzabhUta bane hue haiN| kavivara ustimala jI ke suputra nirdiSTa pArzvapaNDita ke candrapa, candranAtha aura vaijayya nAmaka tIna putra the| inameM candranAtha aura inake parivAra pIche hemAcala (honnUru) meM jA bse| avaziSTa do bhAI bhI anyAnya sthAnoM meM jAkara basa gye| candrae ke putra vijayendra hue aura inhIM ke suputra isa traivarNikAcAra anya ke praNetA paNDita brahmasUri jI haiN| sUri jI ne pUrvokta pratiSThAgranthAta apanI vaMza-prazasti meM apane pUrvajoM kA nivAsasthAna gaNDya dezAntargata guDipattana dvIpa' batalAyA hai| vartamAna taMjora jilAntargata 'dIpanaguDi kA hI yaha prAcIna guDipattana dvIpa honA bahuta kucha sambhava hai| mAlUma hotA hai ki

Page #76
prazasti-saMgraha lekhaka kI kRpA se hI 'dIpana' kA 'dvIpa' likhA gayA hai| kyoMki vahA~ para dvIpa kA honA kisI taraha se siddha nahIM hotA / isa sthAna meM jainiyoM kA prabhAva acchA rahA hai / 82 jaina samAja ke kucha vidvAna isa grantha ko prAmANika mAnane ke liye sahamata nahIM haiM / kyoMki unakA kahanA hai ki jaina siddhAnta ke pratikUla zrAddha, tarpaNa, go-dAna Adi kaI bAteM isa meM vidhirUpa meM pAyI jAtI haiN| una vidvAnoM kA kahanA hai ki brahmasUri jI ke mUla pUrvaja hindU dharmAvalambI the - isase inake race grantha para hindutva kI chApa par3a gayI hai / kucha vidvAn isa AkSepa kA uttara yaha dete haiM- pratyeka dharma para deza, kAla Adi kA vinA prabhAva par3e nahIM raha sakatA, isaliye isa anivArya niyamAnusAra bahuta kucha sambhava hai ki bahusaMkhyaka hindU samAja meM apanI sattA kAyama rakhane aura hinduoM se sahAnubhUti prApta karane ke liye tAtkAlika kucha jainagrantha-karttAoM ko kucha AcAra granthoM meM Apaddharma ke rUpa meM unakA uddeza jainadharmake anukUla batA kara sthAna denA par3A hogA | (25) grantha naM0 2 lambAI 8|iJca prArambhika bhAga - kha ratnamaJjUSA karttA - X viSaya - chanda bhASA - saMskRta cauDAI 6 ||| iJca patrasaMkhyA 65 yo bhUtabhavyabhavadarthayathArthavedI devAsurendramukuTArcitapAdapadmaH | vidyAnadIprabhavaparvata eka eva taM kSINakalmaSagaNaM praNamAmi vIram // mAyAkA - mAyAkA serer sarvaguruvikasya AkAra: saMjJA bhavati kakAro vA svarontyastadantasya vyaJjanaM cetivacanAt / sUcimukhiyA ityAkArasya bhadravirAjyikire iti kakArasya / atraiva mAyA iti gurudvayasya yakAraH saMjJA bhavati vyaJjanaJca tadantasyeti vacanAdevAyiSTaniti / punazca atraiva mA iti gurvattaraspa prakAra: saMjJA bhavati / vyaJjanaM ca

Page #77
prazasti-saMgraha tadantasyeti vacanAdeva / ma iti akSare ekasminnapyAdyantavadbhAvAt / saMyoge napimiti / avAha - natvAkArAdayasteSAmevAkSarANAM saMjJA yathA vRddhirAdaijiti vRddhisaMjJA teSAmevAkSarANAM iti na tadrUpasaMjJAkaraNe prayojanAbhAvAttanmAtrANAm / yAnyatra teSu nikeSvakSarANyupadiSTadhani teyAM saMjJAkaraNAni prayojanamititanmAtrANAM sarvAsAM saMjJAstAH pratyavagantavyAH | athavA zAlini mAlayedityatra kedavacanaM jJApakamanyeSAM iti tanmAtrANAM saMjJA iti / yadi teSAmeva saMjJA mAyAkA iti vedavacanamanarthakaM bhavati tasmAttaH mAtrAkaraNameva / X X X madhya bhAga (pRSTha : 6 paMkti 30 ) upendravajrA re - padi zaMre iti vyAmo bhavati bhavati upendravajrA nAma | upeyupANDaveSu sthiteSvapi khyAtaparAkrameSu / antima bhAga :-- purAbhimanyuM yadi vejayenAM jayadratho rakSati kaGkamanyaH // indramAlA dvayam - yadIndravajropendravajra sahaikasmin zloke bhavataH / bhavati indramAlA nAma | amlAnamAlA surasundarIbhiH vRtendramAlA vyavate divazcet / kAlena nAryA va bhuktamAlA martyA vayaM kiM jalavudAbhAH // dodhakaM luSe-yadi luSe iti nyAso bhavati bhavati dodhakaM nAma / kAlavidhAviva nATakavRttaM darzayituM bhuvi sarvajanebhyaH | amvararaMgamasau girikUTAt sUryanaTaH pravizanniva bhAti // rathoddhatA tilA~-yadi tilAviti nyAso bhavati, bhavati rathoddhatA nAma | sarvabhAvavidhitattvadarzinaH sarvasattvahitadharmadezinaH / arhato'hamagharAzinAzinaH saMstuve vibhuvanaprakAzinaH // svAgatA tile- yadi tile iti nyAso bhavati, bhavati svAgatA nAma / :: dharmatIrthakara mukhya namaste nAtha naSTabhatrabIja namaste / baddhasarvajanavRtta namaste hemanAbhajinamAna namaste // X X X X ekaTyA dilAkiyAMka samasaMkhyAneSu koSThAntaredviguNAna viracayettAMzcordhvamekonakAn | ityantAvadhimairureva mahitaH syAdvardhamAnAhvayaH chandaH svekalagAdivRttajananasthAnaM tviha jJAyate // 9 // Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat 83 X www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #78
85 prazasti-saMgraha ekadvayAdilagakriyAptagaNanAmAnapramANAlayaimerukSmAdharavadviracya khaTikotkIrNairathAdyAlaye / vRttaMnyasya tadAdima dviguNayaMstasyApyadhaH sthApaye dekonena tadopari pagilikhedevaM hi merukriyA // 10 // khaNDameruprastAro yathA saikAmaikagaNojjvalAmabhimatacchando'tarAgArikAmekAM zrINimupatipannadharato'pyekaikahInAzca tAH / Urdhva dvidvigRhAMkamelanamadhodhaH sthAnakeSvAlikhe dekacchandasi khaNDameruramalaH puMnAgacandroditaH // 11 // etatpayoktakrameNa prastAre kRte vivakSitachandasaH lagakriyayA saha tataH pUrvasthitasakalachandasA lagakriyAH sarvAH samAyAntItyarthaH // (ina ke nIce prastAra ke tIna koSThaka bhI haiM) digambara jaina-sAhitya-bhANDAra meM chandograntha-sambandhI ajitasena ke chandaHzAstra, vRttavAda evaM chandaHprakAza, AzAdhara ke vRttaprakAza, candrakIti ke chandakoSa (prAkRta) evaM vAgbhaTa ke prAkRtapiGgala sUtra ye hI nAma milate haiN| parantu ina meM abhItaka koI prantha mudrita nahIM huA hai| aba rahI prastuta pustaka 'ratna-maMjUSA' kI baat'| paM0 nAthUrAma jI premI ke dvArA saMgrahIta "digambara jainagranthakartA aura unake grantha" isa granthatAlikA meM isake kartA hemacandra kavi batalAye gaye haiM | parantu isa chandograntha ke antima bhAga ke antima zlokAntargata 'punnAgavandroditaH' isa vAkya se to jJAta hotA hai ki puMnAgacandra yA nAgacandra hI isake praNetA haiN| premI jI ke kathanAnusAra agara isa 'ratnamaMjUSA' ke racayitA hemacandra kavi hote to 'punAgacandroditaH' ke sthAna para bar3I AsAnI se 'zrIhemacandroditaH' likha dete| kyoMki aisA karane se chandobhaMga kA unheM jarA bhI bhaya nahIM raha jAtA thaa| sAdhanAbhAva se isa samaya isake kartA ke bAre meM kucha bhI prakAza nahIM DAlA jA skaa| yadi thor3I dera ke liye arthAt premI jI ne kisa AdhAra para isa kA kartA hemacandra kavi likhA hai-yaha bAta jaba taka spaSTa nahIM hotI taba taka ke liye nAgacandra ko hI isakA praNetA mAnA jAya to mahAkavi dhanaMjaya-kRta viSApahAra-stotra ke saMskRta TIkAkAra kavi nAgacandra * kI ora merI dRSTi kucha kucha AkRSTa ho jAtI hai| para yaha eka anumAna kSa dekheM-'prazasti-saMgraha' pRSTa 37 /

Page #79
prazasti-saMgraha 85 mAtra hai| jaba taka isa sambandha meM koI sabala pramANa nahIM milatA hai tabataka ise koI mAnane ko taiyAra kyoMkara ho sakatA hai ? aba rahA isa chandograntha kA viSaya / yaha grantha choTe choTe ATha adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai| isa prati kI maisura rAjakIya 'prAcyapustakAgAra' se maiMne hI kannaDa lipi se nAgarAkSara meM pratilipi karAI thii| isake aSTama adhyAya kA kucha aMza lupta sA jJAta hotA hai| isa luptAMza ke bAda hI tIna pRSThoM meM merusambandhI prastAra ke padyabaddha lakSaNa sakoSThaka diye gaye haiN| kavi ne isa grantha meM prAyaH pratyeka chanda para acchA prakAza DAlA hai| isake chandolakSaNa piMgalasUtra ke samAna sUtramaya hai jo nitAMta svatantra hai| chandoM ke diye gaye dRSTAMtoM meM yatra-tatra jainatva kI chApa suspaSTa pratibhAsita hotI hai| isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki isa ke kartA kAvyazAstra ke eka udbhaTa marmajJa the| isakI anyAnya pratiyA~ jahA~ tahA~ se anveSaNa evaM milAna kara isa ratnabhUta 'ratnamaMjUSA' ke prakAzana se digambara jainasAhitya ke eka aGga kI pUrti ho jaaygii| anyAnya pustaka prakAzana saMsthAoM aura jaina parIkSAlayoM ko isa ora avazya dhyAna denA caahiye| kyoMki Ajataka sabhI jaina parIkSAlayoM ke pAThya granthoM meM jainetara chandograntha hI samAviTa hote A rahe haiN| (26) grantha naM0 237 sarasvatIkalpa kartA-malayakIrti viSaya-maMtrazAstra bhASA-saMskRta caur3AI hai iJca lambAI 6 // inca patrasaMkhyA 7 prArambhika bhAga bArahagaM gijA saNanilayA caritabaharA / caudasapubbAharaNA ThAve dayAya sudadevI // AcArazirasaM sUtrakRtavakrAM (sarasvatI ) sakaNThikAm | sthAnena samayodgha ( sthAnAMgasamayAMtriM tAM) vyaakhyaapraaptidoltaam||

Page #80
prazasti-saMgraha vAgdevatAM jJAtRkathopAsakAdhyayanastanIm / antakRddazasannAbhimanuttaradazAMgatAm // sunitambAM sujaghanAM praznavyAkaraNAzritAm / vipAkasUtrakRvayacaraNAM caraNAmbarAm // samyaktvatilakA pUrvacaturdazavibhUSaNAm / tAvatprakIrNakodgIrNacArupatrAGkarazriyam // madhya bhAga (pUrva pRSTha 3, paMkti 7) sthAdvAdakalpatarumUlavirAjamAnAM ratnatrayAmbujasarovararAjahaMsIm / aGgaprakIrNakacaturdazapUrvakAyAmAmnAyavAGmayavadhUmahamAhvayAmi // zAradAbhimukhIkaraNam aviralazabdamahaughA prakSAlitasakalabhUtalakalaGkA / munibhirupAsitatIrthA sarasvatI haratu no duritam // OM hrIM zrIM mantrarUpe vibudhajananute devi devendravanye caJcaJcandrAvadAte kSapitakalimale hAranIhAragaure / bhIme bhImATTahAse bhavabhayaharaNe bhairavi bhIru dhIre hrAM hrIM hra kAranAde mama manasi sadA zArade tiSTha devi // antima bhAga paramahaMsahimAcalanirgatA sakalapAtakapaMkavivarjitA / amitabodhapayaHparipUritA dizatu me'bhimatAni sarasvatI // paramamuktinivAsasamujvalaM kamalayAkRtavAsamanuttamam / vahati yA vadanAmburuhaM sadA dizatu me'bhimatAni sarasvatI // sakalavAGmayamUrtidharA parA sakalasattvahitaikaparAyaNA | ........ nAradatumburusevitA dizatu me'bhimatAni sarasvatI // malayacandanacandrarajaHkaNA prakarazubhradukUlapadAvRtA | vizadahaMsakahAravibhUSitA dizatu me'bhimatAni srsvtii|| malayakItikRtAmitisaMstuti (paThati yo) satataM matimAnaraH / vijayakIrtigurukRtamAdAt sa matikalpalatAphalamaznute //

Page #81
prazasti-saMgraha 87 isa 'sarasvatIkalpa' ke antima padya se isake racayitA malayakIrti jJAta hote haiM / sAtha ho sAtha isI padya se yaha bhI vidita hotA hai ki yaha malayakIrti prAyaH vijayakIrtiguru ke ziSya haiN| para "vijayakIrtigurukRtamAdarAt" isa caturtha caraNa kA sambandha kisake sAtha hai-yaha abhI ThIka nahIM samajha pdd'taa| bahuta kucha saMbhava hai ki isa zloka kI pratilipi karane meM lekhaka ne bhUla kI ho| isaliye jabataka isakI zuddha prati nahIM milatI tabataka sandeha-nivRtti hotI nahIM dIkha par3atI | astu, 'epigrAphikA karnATakA' jida ke zilAlekha naM. 104 meM eka vijayakotiguru kA ullekha milatA hai| malapakorti ke dvArA pratipAdita vijayakIrtiguru yadi yahI hoM to ukta zilAlekha ke hI AdhAra se inakA samaya san 1354 arthAt 14 vIM zatAbdI siddha hotA hai| ataH isa sarasvatIkalsa ke racayitA malayakorti kA samaya bhI lagabhaga yahI honA caahiye| astu, arhaddAsa-racita bhI eka 'sarasvatIkalpa' sunA jAtA hai| vaha isase bhinna honA caahiye| isa kRti ke Adi aura anta meM 'sarasvatIkalpa' likhA milatA hai| mantrazAstra meM kalpa kA lakSaNa yoM batalAyA hai-jina granthoM meM mantra-vidhAna, yantravidhAna, mantra-mantroddhAra, balidAna, dIpadAna, AhvAna, pUjana, visarjana aura sAdhanAdi bAtoM kA varNana kiyA gayA ho ve grantha 'kalpa' kahalAte haiM | pradhAnatayA isa prastuta kRti ko eka maMtra-stotra hI kahanA caahiye| phira bhI yantroddhAra, jApya evaM homamantra Adi kA isameM ullekha pAyA jAtA hai isI se jJAta hotA hai ki isake racayitA ne kalpanAma kI sArthakatA samajhI hogii| maMtrazAstra ke jijJAsuoM ke liye isake nimnalikhita katipaya zloka upayogI haiM : "jApyakAle namaHza mantrasyAnte niyojayet / tadante homakAle tu svAhA zaI niyojayet // savRntakaM samAdAya prasUna jJAnamudrayA / mantramuccArya sanmantrI muJcedunchavAsaracanAt // mahiSAkSaguggulena pravinirmitavaNakamAtravaTikAnAM | madhuratrayayuktAnAM toparvAgIzvarI varadA // dikAlamudrAsanapalavAnAM bhadaM parijJAya japet sa mantrI / na cAnyathA sidhyati tasya mantraH kurvan sadA tiSThatu jApyahomam // * dekheM-madrAsa va maipUra pAna ke prAcIna jaina smAraka' pRSTha 3" ___ mansazAkhA ke viSaya meM vizeSa bAta jAnane ke icchuka vidvAn bhAskara mAga :, kiraNa 3 meM prakAzina 'jainamantra-zAna' zIrSaka lekha dekheM /

Page #82
prazasti-saMgraha dvAdazasahasrajApyairdazAGgahomena siddhimupayAti / mantrI guruprasAdAt jJAtavyastribhuvane saarH|| akAro'nantavIryAtmA repho vizvAvalokadak / hakAraH paramo bodho biMduH syAduttamaM sukham // nAdo vizvAtmakaH prokto binduH syAduttamaM padam / kalApIyUSaniHsyandItyAhurevaM jinottmaaH||" isakI racanA sAdhAraNatayA acchI hai| (27) grantha naM0241 vajrapaMjarAdhanA-vidhAna kartA- 4 viSaya-ArAdhanA bhASA-saMskRta cauDAI 6 iJca lambAI // iJca patrasaMkhyA hai prArambhika bhAga - candrapurAmbudhivandraM candrArka candrakAntasaMkAzam | candraprabhajinamaMce kundendusphArakIrtikAntozAntam // OM hrIM candraprabha jinadevAgacchatIrthopanItairghanasArazItaiH pAtaprapAdyaH ghusaNAyu petaH / candraprabhAbhAskaradivyadehaM mahAmi candraprabhatIrthanAtham // ... oM hrIM candraprabhajinadevAya jalaM nirvapAmotisvAhA ! .. sugandhasArairdhanagandhasAraiH sitAbhrabhAraiH sitadhAmagauraiH / candraprabhAbhAskaradivyadehaM mahAmi candraprabhatIrthanAtham // gandham zAlyakSatarakSatamokSalakSmIkaTAkSavikSepavalakSakakSaiH // candraprabhAbhAskaradivyadehaM mahAmi candraprabhatIrthanAtham // akSatAn

Page #83
vaidya-sAra paM. satyandhara jaina, mAyurvedAcArya

Page #84

Page #85
vaidya-sAra isakA kAlI mirca tathA mahue ke phUla ke sAtha sevana karane se teraha prakAra kA sabhipAta dUra ho jAtA hai| isa golI ko eka mAsa taka lagAtAra sevana karane se saba prakAra kI vyAdhi zAMta ho jAtI hai| yaha zrIpUjyapAda svAmI kI kahI huI prabhAvatI baTI hai| 116-jvarAdau laghujvarAM-kuzaH rasagaMdhakatAmrANAM pratyekaM caikabhAgakam / khalve sUryAgnibhAgAMzaM hayAriM dhUrtavIjayoH // 1 // mAtuluMgarasenaiva mardayedvAsara-trayam / kAsamardakatoyena siddho'yaM jAyate rasaH // 2 // nivamajAI karaseH ballo deyaH tridoSajit / jvare dabhyodanaM pathyaM zAkaH syAttaNDulIyakaH // 3 // sarvajvaraviSanno'yaM cAnupAnavizeSataH / laghugharAMkuzo nAma pUjyapAdena bhASitaH // 4 // TIkA-zuddha pArA, zuddha gaMdhaka, tAme kI bhasma, ye tInoM eka eka bhAga, zuddha kanera kI jar3a 12 bhAga evaM zuddha dhatUre ke bIja 3 bhAga ina saba ko ekatrita kara vijorA nIbU aura kasoMdana ke rasa meM 3 dina taka maIna kara eka eka rattI kI golI bAMdha leve, phira nIma ko nibor3I kI girI tathA adarakha ke sAtha tIna golI deve to tridoSaja jvara bhI zAnta hove / isa rasa ke Upara dahI bhAta kA bhojana karanA tathA caulAI kA zAka khAnA caahiye| yaha laghu jvarAMkuza anupAna-bheda se saba jvaroM ko nAza karanevAlA zrIpUjyapAda svAmI ne kahA hai| 117-anekaroge triloka-cUr3AmaNi-rasaH pAradaM TaMkaNaM tutyaM viSaM lAMgalikaM tathA / putrajIvasya majA ca gaMdhakaM guMjapanakam // 1 // devadAlyA rasaimaryaH tripaadiirsmrditH| viSNukAMtAnAgadaMtIdhasUranAgakezaraiH // 2 // mardanaM dinamekaM tu baTabIjapramANakam / jaMbIrarasato lehya pAnalepananasyake // 3 //

Page #86
vaidya - sAra janaM sarvakArye vA jvarajvAlAzatAkule | brahmarAkSasabhUtAdizAkinIDAkinIgaNa // 4 // kAlavajramahAdevImadamAtaMgakezarivRSabhAdi susaMsthApya zrIdevIzvarasUriNam // 5 // pUjanaM cAzu kRtvA ca yathAyogyaM prakalpayet / kathito'yaM trilokasya cUr3AmaNimahArasaH // 6 // pArzvanAthasya maMtreNa staMbhobhavati tatkSaNam / pUjyapAdena kathitaH sarvamRtyuvinAzanaH // 7 // TIkA - zuddha pArA, suhAge kI bhasma, , tUtiyA kI bhasma, zuddha viSa, lAMgalI (kalihArI) kI jar3a, jiyApotA kI rIMgI, zuddha A~valAsAra gaMdhaka tathA guMjAvRtta ke patte ina saba ko barAbara-barAbara lekara pahale pAre, gaMdhaka kI kajjalI banAve; pIche aura saba davAiyA~ alaga alaga kUTa- kapar3a-chana karake milAve tathA devadAlI, haMsarAja, hulahula nAgadauna, dhatUrA, nAgakezara ina sabake svarasa se athavA kvAtha se eka-eka dina alaga ghoMTe aura bara ke bIja-samAna golI banAkara jaMbhIrI ke rasa ke sAtha sevana karAve / mUrddhAvasthA meM nAsa bhI deve, AvazyakatA Ane para yA sannipAta kI dazA meM aJjana bhI lagAve / isakA sevana karane se kaThina se kaThina jvara bhI zAMta hotA hai / isakA jaba sevana kare taba brahmarAkSasa, DAkinI, zAkinI ityAdi vyantara rUpI mAtaMga ke liye siMha sadRza zrIjinendra deva kI sthApanA karake pUjana kare to zIghra hI lAbha hotA hai zraura zrIpArzvanAtha svAmI ke maMtra se to usI kSaNa roga kA stambhana hotA hai / yaha tIna loka kA ziromaNi triloka cUr3AmaNi rasa pUjyapAda svAmI kA kahA huA apamRtyu kA nAza karanevAlA hai| P 118 - sarvajvare jvarAMkuzarasaH pAradaM gaMdhakaM tApyaM TaMkaNaM kaTukalayam / citrakaM niMbabIjAni yavakSAraM ca tAlakam // 1 // eraMDavIjasidhUtthaM hArItakyaM samAMzakam / zuddhasya vatsanAbhasya paMcabhAgaM ca nikSipet // 2 // jaipAlaM dviguNaM caiva nirguNDyAH madayeddddravaiH / dazavrIhisamo deyaH sarvajvaragajAMkuzaH ||3|| pRthivyA cAjamodena piSTazca sahitaM jalaiH / jvarAviSvapi rogeSu sarveSu hitakRdbhavet ||4||

Page #87
vaidya-sAra anupAnavizeSeNa sarvarogeSu yojayet / pathyA zuMThI guMDaM cAnu cArzaroge prayojayet // 7 // tIrAnamAjyaM bhuMjIta zighu toyena pAyayet / Ardrakasya rasenApi yathAdoSavizeSite // 6 // zItajvara sannipAte tulsiirssNyutH| uricena sahitazcAsau sarvajvaraviSApahaH // 7 // TIkA-zuddha pArA, zuddha gaMdhaka, sone kI bhasma, suhAgA, soMTha-mirca, pIpala, citraka, nIma ke bIja, javAkhAra, tavakiyA haratAla kI bhasma, aNDI ke bIja, seMdhA namaka, var3I harra kA chilakA ye saba barAbara-barAbara leve aura zuddha vacchanAga, pA~ca bhAga, zuddha jamAlagoTA 2 bhAga, ina saba ko ekatrita kara ke negar3a ke svarasa meM ghoTe evaM dasadasa cAvala ke barAbara bar3I ilAyacI tathA ajamodA ke pAnI ke sAtha deve to saba prakAra ke jvara zAMta hove| yadi bavAsIra roga meM denA ho to harra, soMTha, gur3a kA anupAna deve aura dUdha-bhAta kA bhojana kraave| zItajvara meM munakkA ke kAr3he se tathA adarakha ke ke sAtha, sanipAta meM tulasI ke rasa ke sAtha evaM viSamajvara meM kAlI mirca ke sAtha deve / yaha rasa sarva jvaroM ko nAza karatA hai| 116-pramehe baMgezvararasaH sUtaM ca baMgabhasmaM ca nAkulIbIjamabhrakam / zilAjatu lohabhasma kanakaM katakavIjakam // 1 // guDUcItriphalAkkArthaH mardayedguTikA dinaM / baMgezvararaso nAma cAnupAnaM prakalpayet // 2 // kapitthaphaladrAkSA ca kharjUrIyaSTikena ca / naSTendriyaM ca dAhaM pittajvarapathazramam // 3 // mehAnA majadoSANAM nAzako nAtra saMzayaH / sarvapramehavidhvaMsI pUjyapAdena bhASitaH // 5 // TokA-zuddha pAre kI bhasma, baMgabhasma, rAsanA ke bIja, abhraka bhasma, zuddha zilAjIta, lauha bhasma, sone kI bhasma, kataka ke bIja, nirmalI ina saba kA ekatrita kara ke gurva tayA nikalA ke kAr3he se dina bhara mardana kare to yaha baMgezvara rasa taiyAra ho jAtA hai| isako sevana karAne ke liye vaidyagaNa anupAna kI kalpanA kareM athavA kavITa, munakkA, khajUda

Page #88
54 vaidya-sAra mulahaThI ina saba ke anupAna se usako sevana karAve / isake sevana karAne se indriya kI kamajorI, dAha, pittajvara, mArga meM calane kI thakAvaTa, sarva prakAra ke prameha, majA, dhAtu ke doSa ina saba ko nAza karanevAlA hai, isameM kucha saMdeha nahIM hai| yaha saba prakAra ke pramehoM ko dUra karanevAlA zrIpUjyapAda svAmI ne kahA hai| 120-sarvajvare mRtyuJjayarasaH rasagaMdhakauhi jayapAlaH tAlakazca manaHzilA / tAmrazca mAkSikaH zuMThImusalIrasamarditaH // 1 // kukkuTe ca puTe samyak paktavyaH mRduvahninA | svAMgazItalamuddhRtya guMjAmAtrapramANakam // 2 // zuddhazarkarayA khAdet zItatoyAnupAnataH / pathye kSIraM prayoktavyaM dadhi vApi yathAruci // 3 // sNttaadijvro'ymnupaanvishesstH| mRtyuJjayarasazcAsau pUjyapAdena bhASitaH // 4 // TIkA-zuddha pArA, zuddha gaMdhaka, zuddha jamAlagoTA, haratAla bhasma, zuddha menazila, tAme kI bhasma, zuddha sonAmakkhI , soMTha ina saba ko musalI ke rasa se mardana kare tathA kukkuTa paTa meM pAka kare aura ThaMr3hA hone para nikAla kara eka-eka rattI ke pramANa se misarI kI cAsanIke sAtha zItala jalake anupAna se sevana kraadhe| pathya meM dUdha deve tathA rogI ko aruci hove to dadhi bhI khilAve (?)|yh saMtatAdi jvaroM ko nAza karanevAlA mRtyuJjaya rasa pUjyapAda svAmIne kahA hai| matAntara tApyatAlakanepAla-vatsanAmaM mnHshilaa| tAmragandhakasUtAzca musliirsmrditaaH|| mRtyuzcaya iti khyAtaH kukRTIpuTapAcitaH / valladvayam pramaMjIta yatheSTaM dadhi mojanam // navajvaraM sannipAtaM hanyAdeSa mahArasaH // 19 tarahakA mRtyuJjaya rasa hai yaha 14 ke pATha se milatA hai / eka cIja kA pharka hai, isa meM soMTha hai usameM siMgiyA likhA hai| isa grantha ke rasa rasaratna-samuccaya, rasasudhAkara, rasapArijAta se adhika milate haiN| rasaratnasamuccaya bauddhoM kA banAyA huA grantha prasiddha hai; mumakina hai yaha usI samayakA ho|

Page #89
vaidya-sAra 85 121-zItajvare zItabhaMjaramaH pAradaM rasakaM tAlaM zilA tutthaM ca TaMkaNam / gandhakaM ca samaM piSTavA kAravellyA rasaidinam // 1 // ziva mUlarasaiH piTavA nirguNDI svarasena ca / tAmrapatre pralipvA ca bhANDe patramadhomukham // 2 // kRtvA runyA mukhaM tasya vAlukAbhiH prapUrayet / pazcAdagninA tulyA tAmrapatrasya raktatA // 3 // evaM puTanayaM dadyAt svAMgazItalamuddharet / tAmrapatraM samuddhRtya cUrNayenmaricaM samam // 4 // zItabhaMjaraso nAma parNakhaMDarasena ca | zItajvaraviSayo'yaM pUjyapAdena bhASitaH // 5 // TokA-zuddha pArA, zuddha khapariyA kI bhasma, haratAla kI bhasma, zuddha zilA, zuddha tUtiyA kI bhasma, TaMkaNa bhasma, zuddha gandhaka ina sabako barAbara-barAbara lekara kharala meM ekatrita karake karele ke pattoM ke rasa se eka dina bhara ghoMTe tathA eka dina 'munagA ke svarasa se ghoMTe, eka dina negar3a ke rasa se ghoMTe aura zuddha patale tAme ke patroM para lepa karake eka haMDI meM rakha kara nIce ko mukha karake usakA mukha banda karake bAkI kI jagaha bAlU se pUrNa kara nIce se agni jalAve, jaba vaha tAme kA patra lAla varNa ho jAya taba nikAla leve| isa prakAra tIna puTa deve, jaba ThIka pAka ho jAya tAme ke patroM ko nikAla kara saba cUrNa banA kara rakha leve aura kAlI mirca barAvara milA kara pAna ke rasa ke sAtha yathA yogya mAtrA se yaha zItajvara rUpI viSa ko nAza karanevAlA zItabhaMja rasa pUjyapAda svAmI ne kahA hai| 122-zvAsAdau amRtasaMjIvano rasaH sUtazca gandhako lauho viSazcitrakapatrakau / viMDaMga reNukA mustA cailA pranthikakezarauM / trikaTutriphalA caiva zulvabhasma tathaiva ca // etAni samabhAgAni ,dviguNaM gur3ameva ca / tolapramANavaTikAH prAtaHkAle va bhakSayet / / zvAse kAse kSaye mehe zUlapAMDugudAkure /

Page #90
darda vaidya-sAra caturazItivAteSu yojayennAtra saMzayaH // amRtasaMjIvano nAma pUjyapAdena bhASitaH // 4 // TIkA - zuddha pArA, zuddha gandhaka, lauha bhasma, zuddha viSa, citraka, tejapatra, vAyaviDaMga, reNukA bIja, nAgara mothA, choTI ilAyacI, pIparAmUla, nAgakezara, soMTha, mirca, pIpala, triphalA, tA kI bhasma, ina sabakA barAbara-barAbara lekara sabake dugunA purAnA gur3a lekara golI banAve tathA prAtaHkAla meM anupAna - vizeSa se sevana kare to zvAsa, khAMsI, rAjayakSmA, prameha, zUlodara, pAMDu roga, bavAsIra tathA 84 prakAra ke vAyu roga zAMta hote haiM / yaha amRtasaMjIvana rasa bhI pUjyapAda svAmI ne kahA hai / 123 - vibaMdhe nArAcarasaH aSTau nistupadaM tibIjazuddha bhAgalayaM nAgaraM / dve gaMdhe maricaM ca TaMkaNarasau bhAgekamekaM pRthak // guJjamAnamidaM virecanakaraM deyaM ca zItAMbunA / gulmalIhamahodarAdizamano nArAcanAmA rasaH // 1 // TIkA - ATha bhAga zuddha jAma lagA TAke bIja tIna bhAga soMTha, do bhAga zuddha gandhaka, kAlI mirca, suhAgA, zuddha pArA eka-eka bhAga kharala meM DAla kara khUba ghoMTe tathA eka-eka ratI kI mAtrA se zItala jalake anupAna se sevana karAve to isa se gulma, plIhA aura udararoga zAMta hotA hai | 124 - zItajvare zItamAtaMgasiMharasaH rasaviSazikhi tutthaM kharparaM caikabhAgam | analadvikasamAnabhAgametatkrameNa // kanakadalarasena pItaguMjaikamAtraH / parimitaguTikaH syAt zItamAtaMgasiMhaH // 1 // TIkA - zuddha pArA, zuddha viSanAga tUtiyA kI bhasma, khapariyA bhasma eka-eka bhAga, citraka do bhAga ina saba ko ekatrita karake dhatUreke rasa se ghoMTe tathA eka-eka ratI pramANa sevana kare to isase zItajvara dUra hove /

Page #91
vaidya-sAra Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat 87 125 - jvarAdau prANezvararasaH bhasma sutaM yadA kRtvA mAkSikaM cAbhrasattvakam | zulvabhasmApi saMyojya bhAgasaMkhyAkrameNa ca || tAlamUlIrasaM dattvA zuddhagaMdhakamizritam | mardayet khalvamadhye ca nitarAM yAmayodve yam // nikSipya kAcakUpyAM ca mudrayA kRpikAM tathA / khaTikAmRdaM samAdAya lepayet saptavArakam // viparItaM paristhApya purayet vAlukAmayam | yaMtra prajvAlayedyAmaM caturo vahninA punaH // sidhyate rasarAjendro valipUjAbhirarcayet / anupAnaM tadA deyaM maricaM nAgaraM tathA // vicAraM paMcalavaNaM rAmaThaM citramUlakam | ajamodaM jIrakaM caiva zatapuSpAcatuSTayam // cUrNayitvA tathA sarva bhakSayeccAnuvAsaraM / rasarAjendranAmAyaM vikhyAto prANizAMtikRt // ayaM prANozvaro nAma prANinAM zAMtikArakaH / prANanirgamakAle'pi rakSakaH prANinAM tathA / bhakSayet pakhaNDena kaSNenApi vAriNA // jvaraM tridoSaje ghore sannipAte ca dAruNo / lohAyAM gulmavAte ca zUle ca pariNAmaje // mandAgnau grahaNIroge jvare caivAtisArake | ayaM prANozvaro nAma bhavenmRtyuvivarjitaH / sarvarogaviSaghno'yaM pUjyapAdena bhASitaH // TokA --- pAre kI bhasma 1 bhAga, sonA makkhI ko bhasma 2 bhAga, abhraka kI bhasma 3 tAme kI bhasma 4 bhAga, ye saba lekara musalI ke svarasa meM ghoMTe tathA usameM 1 bhAga zuddha gandhaka milAve, khalameM 6 ghaNTe taka barAbara ghoMTe, sukhA kara kAMcakI zozI meM rakha kara mudrA dekara banda kare / usake Upara khar3iyA miTTI se sAta kapar3amiTTI kareM aura sukhAve, phira sukhA kara usake cAroM tarapha bAlukA se pUraNa kare, 12 ghaNTe barAbara AMca jalAve, taba rasoM meM rAjA yaha prANozvara rasa siddha ho jAtA hai / jaba siddha ho jAya taba devatApUjana vagairaha dhArmika kriyA kare / isa auSadhi ke sevana karaneke bAda nIce likhA cUryA anupAnarUpa zeSana karaM / bhAga, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #92
68 vaidya-sAra - anupAna kAlI mirca, soMTha, sajIkhAra, javAkhAra, suhAgA, pAMco namaka, hIMga, citraka, ajamodA, jIrA sapheda eka-eka bhAga tathA sauMpha 4 bhAga saba ko cUrNa karake pratidina sevana kre| isa rasa kA dUsarA nAma rasa rAjendra hai| yaha prANiyoM ko zAMti karanevAlA prasiddha hai| vAstava meM isa kA dUsarA nAma prANozvara rasa hai| prANoM ke nikalane ke samaya bhI yaha prANoM kA rakSaka hai| isako pAnake rasake sAtha garma jala ke sAtha sevana kare to yaha tridoSaja jvara, kaThina se kaThina sannipAta, plIhA, gulma roga, bAta roga, pariNAma-janya zUla, mandAgni, grahaNI aura varAtisAra meM lAbhadAyaka hai| rogarUpI viSa kA nAza karanevAlA aura mRtyu ko jItanevAlA yaha prANozvararasa pUjyapAda svAmI kA kahA huA hai 126-jalodare zUlagajAMkuzarasaH niSkatrayaM zuddhasUtaM dviniSkaM zuddhaTaMkaNam / gaMdhakaM paMcabhAgaM ca caikaniSkazca tindukH||1|| catuniSkazca jaipAlaH tasya dviguNatAmrakam / sarvatulya-tilakSAraH vRttAmlaM tArameva ca // 2 // tadvatpalAzabhasmaM ca pariNaSkaM saiMdhavoSaNam / / yavattAraviDlavaNAni varcalasAmudrake tathA // 3 // pippalItrayaniSkaM vai cArkadugdhena mardayet / niSkamAtraprayogeNa jalodaraharazca saH // 4 // zUlagajAMkuzarasaH pUjyapAdena bhaassitH| TIkA-8 mAzA zuddha pArA, 6 mAzA zuddha suhAgA, 1 // tolA zuddhagandhaka, 3 mAzA zuddha kucalA, 1 tolA zuddha jamAlagoTA, 2 tolA tAmeM kI bhasma, 5 tolA tilI kA tAra, . 5 tolA tintar3Ika kA kSAra, 5 tolA palAsa kA kSAra, 1 // tolA seMdhA namaka, // tolA kAlI mirca, 1 // tolA javAkhAra, 1 // tolA viDa namaka, 1 // tolA kAlA namaka, 1 // tolA samudra namaka, 6 mAsA pIpala ina saba ko kUTa kapar3achana karake akauvA ke dUdha meM ghoMTa kara - tIna-tIna rattI ke pramANa se golI banAkara anupAnavizeSa se deve to jalodara dUra hove / yaha zulagajAMkuza rasa pUjyapAda svAmI kA kahA huA hai|

Page #93
THE JAINA ANTIQUARY An Anglo-Hindi quarterly Journal, Vol. III. ] DECEMBER, 1937. [ No. III. Editors: Prof. HIRALAL JAIN, M.A., LL.B., P.E.S., Professor of Sanskrit, King Edward College, Amraoti, C. P. Prof. A. N. UPADHYE, M.A., Professor of Prakrata, Rajaram College, Kolhapur, S.M.C. B. KAMTA PRASAD JAIN, M.R.A.S., Aliganj, Distt. Etah, U.P. Pt. K. BHUJABALI SHASTRI, Librarian, The Central Jaina Oriental Library, Arrah. Published at THE CENTRAL JAINA ORIENTAL LIBRARY, ARRAH, BIHAR, INDIA, Annual Subscription : Foroigo Rs. 4-8. Inland Rs. 4. Single Copy 1-4,

Page #94

Page #95
Om. THE JAINA ANTIQUARY. "zrImatparamagambhIrasyAvAdAmoghalAJchanam / jIyAt trailokyanAthasya zAsanaM jinazAsanam // Vol. III. Decr. ARRAH (INDIA) No. JNI 1937. PODANAPURA AND BY KAMTA PRASAD JAIN, M.R.A.S. Taksasila was a Aourishing city of ancient India and it has been identified with the ruins near Shahdheri in the Rawalpindi district of the Punjab province. Likewise Podanapura was an important town of India with a very remote antiquity ; but so far it has not been pointed out with a certainty that where it had its location. The learned editor of the Bhavisayatta Kaha" in his introduction, however, endeaioured to locate Podanapura in the Punjab province, rather he identified it with Taksasila." But taking into consideration the available information about Podanapura his view is hardly tenable. In the following lines I shall collect and give the available information about Podanapura, endeavouring to point its most probable locality. 1. Ancient Geography of India, Notes p. 681. 2. Gackwad Oriental Series No. XX.

Page #96
JAINA ANTIQUARY. [ Vol. III In the history of the Jainas, Podanapura holds a prominent place and the earliest mention of it in the Jaina literature, is found in the "Padmacarit" of Ravisena, where it has been described as Pautana, the capital of Vahubali, who was the son of Rsabhadeva, the first Jaina Tirthankara and who having fought successfully with his elder brother Bharata Cakravarti, renounced the world and became a naked saint, only to be first to attain liberation in this cycle of time.1 This very story has been narrated also, by the authors of Harivamsapurana and Mahapurana. They style it as Podana. In the Mahapurana it is said that the messenger who was sent by Bharat to Bahubali's capital Podanapur saw it filled with rice and sugarcane fields and the remarkable thing is that he reached Podanapura from Ayodhya in a limited time. And it is stated in Harivamsapurana that the messenger started from Ayodhya to west in order to reach Podanapura.* 58 Besides Podanapura's prominent mention in connection with Vahubali, we hear of it in the life story of Parsvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara. The scene of the very first prebirth of the pious soul of Lord Parsva is laid up in Podanapura of the time of one Raja Aravinda. Aravinda's priest was Viswabhuti, who had two sons Kamatha and Marubhuti. The latter's soul becomes the great Jain saint in an after birth. The story is so fascinating that it has been narrated by many a Jain poet. The renowned author of the Parsvabhyudaya," I mean Sri Jinasena, intervenes the most of the famous Meghaduta' of Kalidas in his Kavya. He had pointed there that. Kamatha, the brother of Marubhuti, having been banished from Podanapura, joined an Asrama of Tapasas at the Ramgiri hill, which was situated on a bank of a river. " 5 Sri Vadirajsuri in his "Parsvacarit " has also described Podanapura, as the capital of Suramyadesa, famous for its Saii 1. Padmacarit, Parva IV, sls. 67-77. 2. Harivansa purana sarga XI. 3. Mahapurana (Indore ed) Parva XXXV. 4. Harivansa, Surga XI SI. 79. 5. Bloomfield's Life and Stories of Parcvanatha & qieatner

Page #97
No. III ] PODANAPURA AND TAKSASILA. 59 rice and had in its vicinity a mountain named Bhutacala. Sri Gunabhadracarya in his "Uttarapurana", and Bhavadevasuri in his " Parsvacarit" also, describe this story and mention Podanapura as Paudana and Potana respectively.3" Kavi Dhanapala in his " Bhavisayattakaha" also, mentions Podanapura. As the king of Kuru country refused to give his daughter in marriage to the King of Podanapura, the latter attacked him and a battle was fought. The allies of Kurus were Pancala, Maccha and Kacchavas (Pancala-maccha-Kacchehivohi). The allies of the oppo site king of Podanapura were Sindhupati, Lambakanna and a few others, 3 In the "Uttarapurana" of Gunabhadracarya Podanapura has been described again and again as the capital of Suramya country which was situated in the southern part of Bharat or Bharatavarsa.* Besides Parsvanatha, as we have already seen, Podanapura has been connected there with the stories of Narayana Triprasta and various other kings. One of the kings of Podanapura by name Piranachandra had for his queen the princess of the king of Saketa.' Another king of Podanapura was Vasusena, whose queen Nanda being a beautiful lady was taken away treachorously by his friend Canda, the king of Malaya.. In the Ramayana period the king of Podanapura was Tranapingala," while in the times of Mahabharata one Indravarma ruled there, who was a descendant of Vahubali. King Simharatha of Podanapura had enemity with Jarasindha of Rajagraha.deg Lastly when Mahavira, the last Jaina 1. prathama sarga zloka 37-38, 48 and sarga dvitIya zloka 65 2. staranja na feu HETTI ___ suramyo viSayastatra vistIrNa podanaM puraM // 3x. for fagassari ali 3. G. O. S. XX. 4. Uttarapurara Parva 57. 5. Uttarapurana (Indore ed.) 59, 208 4. 6. Ibid, 60, 50--57. 8. Ibid, 67. 223-5. 7. Ibid, 72, 201. 9. Ibid, 70. 353-361.

Page #98
60 JAINA ANTIQUARY. | Vol. III Tirthankara graced this country by his noble and pious presence, king Vidyudraj ruled over Podanapura. His son Vidyutprabha was well-versed in the notorious art of theft and had his headquarters at Rajagraha. Even the later Jain authors such as Sakalakirti in his " Adipurana " and Doddhiya in his " Bhujabalicarit" mention Podanapura as the capital of Vahubali. The latter states that Bhujabali (Vahu. bali) the brother of Bharata was the ruler of Podanapura. Owing to some misunderstanding there was a battle between the two brothers, in which Bharata was defeated. Bhujabali however renounced the kingdom and became an ascetic. Bharata had a golden statue of Bhujabali made and set up there, which once became infested with Kukkuta Sarpas. A Jain teacher, named Jinasena, who visited southern Madhura, gave an account of the image at Podanapura to Kalaladevi, mother of Chamundaraya, who vowed that she would not taste milk until she saw Gommata. Being informed of this by his wife Ajitadevi, Chamundaraya set out with his mother on his journey to Podanapura. While staying at Sravanabelgola he came to know about the Kukkuta Sarpas. Hence he dropped his journey and set a colossal of Vahubali there. S The Jaina Kanarese literature also possess many a work such as Aditpurana, Bharatesa-vaibhava, Bhujabalisataka, Gommatesvaracharit, Rajavalikathe and Sthalapurana, which give the story of Vahubali with its all details and name Podanapura as his capital, where emperor Bharata erected a colossal of his brother when he became a great ascetic. 4 Inscription No. 234 of about 1180 at Sravanabelgola which is in the form of a short Kannada poem in praise of Gommata states that Bhujabali was the ruler of Podanapura, who retiring from the world performed penances and became a Kevali. Vahubali or Bhujabali attained such eminence by his 1. Ibid. 76, 51-55 2. prAhiNoduttamaM dUtaM nItizAstravizAradam / sa tato divasaiH kaiJcidgatvA tatpodanaM puram // 16 // 3. Narasimhachara Srava!a Belgola pp. 10-11: 4. Ibid, p. 10.

Page #99
No. III PODANAPURA AND TAKSASILA. 61 victory over Karma, that Bharata erected at Podanapura an image in his form, 525 bow lengths in height, which bacame infested of cockatrices. Chamundaraya tried to visit it.' Thus it is clear from the above accounts that :1. Podanapura styled variously as Potana, Podana, Paudana and Podanpura, was a very ancient city, which occupied a prominent place in the traditional history of the Jainas. 2. That it was situated in the country named Suramyadesa in the southern part of Bharatavarsha. 3. That rulers of Podanapura were connected with the house of Saketa (Ayodhya), being the descendants of Vahu bali, who was the son of Rsabhadeva of Ayodhya. 4. That these rulers of Podanapura had friendly or adverse relations with the kings of Ayodhya, Sindhu, Simhapura, Rajagraha Kuru, Malaya, etc. 5. That in its vicinity were the mountains of Bhutacala, Ramagiri and the country around was very fertile, well irrigated by the waters of various rivers, which produced Sali rice and sugarcane. The forest round Podanapura had the trees of Sandal and camphor peculiar to it, which are even lo-day the special trees of southern India. 6. And that at Podanapura there was a colossal of Vahubali, which once became infested with the cockatrices and was mostly visited by the people of the extreme South India up to a very late period, so much so that Chamundraya with his mother in the 10th century set out for its pilgrimage ; but could not reach owing to its being inaccessible at the time. Thus it is clear that Podanapura was regarded a Tirtha by the Jainas of South India since it became sanctified with the extreme Tapasya and attainment of omniscience at the spot by Sri Vahubali. 1. Ec. II pp. 97-99.

Page #100
62 JAINA ANTIQUARY. [ Vol. III Turning to the non-Jain literature, we find Podanapura mentioned in the Buddhist Jatakas as the capital of Assakadesa and the Suttanipata says that the Assaka country was beside the Godavari river and lay between the Sakya mountains, Western Ghauts and the Dandakarnya. The great Sanskrit lexicon Vrahdabhidhana points that Paundya was the capital of King Ashamaka and the Ashamaka country is said to be in the south or south-west of India in Ramayana (Kiskandha-kanda).' But the question here arises that whether Podanapur of the Jains books is identical with the Potana and Paundya of the non-Jain literature? I would give its reply in affermative, since I find mentioned the country of Ashamaka in the Mahapurana as AshamakaRamyaka'. It means that either Ashamaka country was also known as Ramyaka or Suramya or it became split into two territories during the later period. The Jain Harivamsapurana, while giving the names of those countries of southern part of India, which the sons of Rsabhadeva renounced owing to the aggression of their elder brother Bharat, names the country of Ashamaka among them.3 The Varahamihira has also counted the Ashamaka people with those living in south India and just after the Andhras. Rajasekhar in his "Kavyamimansa" placed also the Ashamaka country in south in very clear words. Sakatayana, who was very well acquainted with south India, hed also named the Ashamakas after the Salvas (i.e., Andhras).6 Kautilya peculiarised the country of Ashamaka for its diamonds and named it with the Rastrikas." In the region beyond the Vindhyas, which was in fact the Daksinapatha of the ancient India, we find Golcunda, the famous place for diamonds in the district of Aurangabad. Hence Ashamaka country seems to lie somewhere in the modern Berar and Nizam territories. 1. Jain Gazette XXII, 211. 2. Parva 16 Sb. 152. 3. Sarga xi sls. 70--71. 4. Ch. xvi sl. xi. 5. G. O. S. Vol. I Ch. xvii p. 92. 6. II, 4, 101. 7. adhi 2 prakaraNa 29

Page #101
No. III ] PODANAPURA AND TAKSASILA, The Suramya or Ramyaka country of the Jainas also seems in the light of above narrations to come into the same territory of Daksinapatha. Moreover the Greek Geographer Ptolemy (140 A.C.) in his map of ancient India locates a country named Ramnai, which also falls in the modern Central Provinces and Berar with some division of the Nizam's dominions. It is most probable that Ramnai of Ptolemy represents the Suramya or Ramyaka of the Jain books. Therefore Podanapura being the capital of Ashamaka or Ramyaka should be find also, somewhere in the country named above. To make the point clear still further, let us see the whereabouts of the surrounding places of Podonapura as named in above Jaina narrations. Mountains of Bhutacala and Ramgiri are mentioned as we have already seen in connection with a prebirth of Lord Parsva ; Vadiraja says that Kamatha went to join an asrama or mountain Bhaticala, while Jinasena tells us that Kamatha went to an asrama of Tapasas on Ramagiri hill. It is possible that either the both mountains were identical or they formed two peaks of the saine range. Ramgiri has been identified with the modern Riimateka in the Nagpur division.' As to Bhutacala, it ought to be somewhere in the vicinity of Ramteka. My friend Mr. Govind Pai suggests that Bhutacala should be Betul of the same division, though it is a town at present but has many hills round about. Moreover it is not of much distance from the Ashamaka country as pointed in the map annexed to Prof. R. K. Mookerji's "Fundamental Unity of India." The Matsyapurana locates a country of the name of Tapasas itself on the northern part of Daksinapatha,. which gets support from the mention of the same country as Tabassoi by Ptolemy. Therefore it is possible that Kamatha went to Bhutacala or Ramagiri in the Tapasa country to observe the penances there. Be as it may, it is clear from every 1. The Geog. Dictionary of ancient & Mod. India, BFAAT: 248. upAdityAcArya mentioned rAmagiri in trikaliMga which is modern C. P. 2. Panini Office ed. SBH. xvii ch. cxiv.

Page #102
64 JAINA ANTIQUARY. I Vol. III view points that Podanapura and its surrounding mountains were situated in the northern part of Daksinapatha. The Uttarapurana has a mention of Malaya mountains, with the Kubjaka Sallaki forest as well, where Marubhuti of Podanapura having died, was born as an elephant.? Cunningham locates this mountain in the Dravid country. Yuang Chwang put it 3000 li south from Kanchi. He "takes us from somewhere near Madura south-west of Tinnevelly district, where he refers to the Sandal producing Malaya mountain, then he speaks of Potalika (Podimalai hill.)3 The Jaina author further connect a river Vegavati with the story of Marubhuti, which too could be find in the Dravid country.* The Malayadesa, whose king eloped with the consort of the king of Podanapura as mentioned above, was also in the south India.5 The princess of Podanapura was given in marriage to the king of Simhapura and it may be found just in the neighbourhood of Podanapura being situated in the southern part of Orissa.6 Kharavela's queen was a princess of Simhapur.? Hence it is obvious from the above facts that the Jaina and other authors locate Podanapura and its environments in the southern part of India and its location on the bank of Godavari, according to Buddhist evidence is justified. However we cannot take Podanapura to the extreme south of India, since in that case it would not be tenable to find the kings of Podanapura niaking friendship or waging war with the kings of Kurus, Sindhus and Kosalas; as they did in fact. Moreover we find Chamundaraya hastening to the northern border of south India to have a glimpse of Vahubali's colossal at Podanapura. Had Podanapura been in extreme south Chamunda Raya had no need to travel over to northern border of South India ? 1. Augastireara farya Aryal etc. 2. Geog. of ancient India, New ed, p. 627. 3. Ibid Notes p. 741. 4. Ibid p. 739. 5. Ibid. 6. Some Contributions of South India to Indian Culture p. 33. 7. Ibid. & J. B. O. R. S. iv 378. My friend Mr. Govind Pai identifies Podanapura with Bodhan in the Nizam Territories; to whom I am indebted for many useful suggestions in writing this article.

Page #103
No. III) PODANAPURA AND TAKSASILA. Now since the locality of Podanapura is being held by the Jaina as well as non-Jaina evidence to be in the northern border of South India, it is apparently useless to talk of it in the extreme NorthWest of India. That part of India never abound with Sali rice, Sandal trees and cockatrices. On the more it was never heard that there was a Jaina colossal in that part of India. South India has a great claim over Vahubali, as he was their first king, who was lucky to be first to gain Liberation in this cycle of India ; therefore they set his more than one colossal and adored him more than the Jainas of northern India. But in the introduction of the Bhavisayatta-Kana, we find the following remarks to the contrary "Dr. Jacobi, on the strength of references in the Paumacariya of Vimalasuri, identifies it with Takassaila, but becomes doubtful when he finds our author referring to the army of Poyanavai as Sakeyanarindasinnu xiv 13,9 and Sakkeyajoha xiv 19,2. This Sakey or Sakkeya he identifies with Saketa or Ayodhya. Now it is quite true that Sakeya is the correct Prakrit for Saketa and that Sakkeya is an alternative form for the same. But there is another possible phonological equivalent of Sakey. Both these can also be Prakrit for Sakeya. Historically there is nothing against this identification. Saka kings have ruled over Taksasila. If this be correct, then there is nothing to come in the way of Podanapura being identified with Taksasila. The very close relations that appear to exist between the Sindhus and the Poyanas can be understood on the strength of a close geographical proximity, and not if they were apart as Sindh and Ayodhya."? With all deffidence to the learned scholar, I make bold to say that these remarks are not based on sound evidence. The "Paumacariya" is not before me. yet it is clear from the above facts that Podanapura of "Padmapurana" with all other Digambara Jaina works was situated in the northern part of South India. Kavi Dhanapala too seems to locate it likewise, since he styles the army of Podanapura as Sakeyanarindusinnu, which term has puzzled even Dr. Jacobi, but in fact it can be reconciled easily, since we know that the kings of Podanapura were the descendants of Vahubali, who was a scion and hailed from the house of Saketa (Ayodhya). It 1. G. O. S. xx Intrs. pp. 9-10.

Page #104
JAINA ANTIQUARY. [Vol. III cannot be reconciled with the Sakas of Taksasila, since it is not evident that any of them professed or patronised Jainism. The remaining locations of Dhanapala are also to be traced easily, just in the vicinity of Podanapura on Godavari. The close geographical proximity with concern to mutual relations existing between Sindhus and Poyanas, as described by Dhanapala, comes near more clearly in placing Podanapura on the Bank of Godaveri and not at Taksasila. For we know that the Sindhu of the Jaina writers was not the valley of great Indus, but it meant country near Vindhya mountains. The people af Avanti are styled as Sindhus by Dhanapal can be relied upon, for we know that the Jaina authors place Visala in Sindhudesal and Kalidasa called Ujjayani itself as Visala. Hence the close relations between the people :of closed connected countriescalled Sindhus and Poyanas is but quite natural. And this fact reconciles other difficulty as well. In the above named Introduction a great difficulty is felt in identifying the Kacchas, which has been dealt with as a very important place at the time of war between Poyanas and Kurus in the above Kaha. Certainly its position was similar to that of Belgium in the last great war. It is attempted in the said Introduction to identify it with Kasmira, but that r.ot with certainty and accuracy. On the otherhand our location of Podanapura in the northern border of south India easily waves away this difficulty; for the Kacchas meant in the Kaha', seems to be no other people than the Kacchawaha Ksitriyas of Naravara district (Gwalior State) who had a strong and old settlement of theirs at that place. Its position really comes to that of Belgium in the case of war between Kurus and Poyanas. Hence we can say with certainty that Kavi Dhanapala too placed Podanapura in the southern part of India. Besides places named as Podanur, Potali etc., are still found in South India ; but Taksasila has never been styled or had in its neighbourhood, places of that name. Under the circumstances and available evidence it is justified to say that the Podanapura of the Jaina books was not Taksasila, rather it was a prominent city of ancient Daksinapatha. 1. TRY TU, sfusafa, Pr a ta etc. 2. Healey " faitai fareitaires

Page #105
Knowledge and Conduct in Jaina Scriptures (By Principal Kalipada Mitra, M. A., B. L., Sahitya-kaustubha.) In the Upanishad it is said: nAyamAtmA pravacanena labhyo na medhayA na bahunA zrutena / ... 0.0 ... enferen graferentizat antemnfga: I nAzAntamAnaso vApi prajJAnenainamApnuyAt // The self cannot be gained by scripture-knowledge (Vedic knowledge), nor by intellect, nor by extensive learning. He who has not cut off his attachment to wicked conduct, who is not tranquil, nor subdued, nor has his mind in peace, can by mere knowledge, reach self. Here knowledge itself, howsoever great, availeth not, but what is of greater importance is conduct, which by causing cessation of wickedness, subjugation of passions, and creation of peace and tranquillity can help self-realisation. In the Jaina scriptures too by far the greatest importance is attached to Samyama (). I am quoting a few sutras by way of illustrating the point. sAmAiyamAIyaM suyanANaM jAva biMdusArAo | tassavi sAro caraNaM sAro caraNassa nivvANaM // The knowledge of scriptures (a) begins from samayikam and extends to Bindusara. But caranam surpasses srutajnanam in value. Indeed caranam is action known as samvara (ngai a :), check or restraint. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat But it may be said that both jina and kriya are necessary for the attainment of moksa, for the saying is that without knowledge www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #106
JAINA ANTIQUARY [Vol. III action is killed ( becomes ineffectual ) "get iua ferer"; therefore both should be treated as equal; why should preference be given to caranam? The answer is: It is for the following reason. Jnana only reveals or brings-to-light ( Tru PTI ); caranam, on the other hand, prevents the acquisition (or the inflow) of new karman and brings about the nirjara (or the using up) of the previously collected karman. Jnana is only limited to the task of lighting up, caranam on the other hand purifies (the self ) of its karman-impurities and has therefore the principal qualification, hence it has greater value than jnana. It is also said : nANaM payAsayaM ciya gutti visuddhIphalaM ca jaM caraNaM / mokkho ya dugAhaNo caraNaM nANassa to saaro|| The commentary says, both jnana and krija are the causes of of nirvana, only that the first place (grey) is to be given to krrya, and the second place () to jnana, in as much as mukti is not attained even while kevalu jnana is reached i.e., immediately along with it, but mukti is attained after the caranam of the last moment of the sailesil stage, hence caranam is the primary cause of nirvana. It is said : jaM savanANalaMbhAnaMtaramahavA na muJcae svvo| muccara ya savvasaMvaMralAbhe to so phaannyro|| The niryuktikara says: suyanANammivi jIvo vaTTato so na pAuNai mokkhaM / jo tavasaMjamamaie joge na capara voDhuM je| The frua possessing (lit. existing in ) even the srutajnana cannot reach moksa if he cannot practise self-control such as lapas and samyama, i.e., if he cannot practise austerities and possess selfrestraint. Without good kriya mere knowledge cannot reach you the desired object, even as much as a boat which has a steers man 1. Sailesi is the 72nd stage of Ezertion in Righteousness in lect. 29 of Acaranga Sutra (S. B. E. Vol. XXII), the 73rd and the last stage being har or freedom from karman,

Page #107
No. III] KNOWLEDGE & CONDUCT IN JAINA SCRIPTURES knowing the way (cannot reach the desired destination ) if there be no wind to lead it in the desired direction. It is said : jaha cheyaladdhanijAmo'vi vANiya gaicchiya bhUmi / vAraNa viNA poSo na caeD mahaNNavaM tari / taha nANa laddhanijAmao'vi siddhivasahi na pAuNai / niuNo'vi jIvapoo tavasajamamAruyavihINo / As a boat which possesses a clever helmsman cannot reach the land desired by merchants by crossing the great sea without (favourable) wind, so (the boat of ) the jiva who possesses (the clever helmsman of) sruta-jnana cannot reach the desired land (Faisvasati ) by crossing the ocean (of bhava) without the help (wind) of saMyamataponiyama, self-restraint, austerities and observances. Therefore one should practise self-restraint and austerities without heedlessness (pramAda). saMsAra-sAgarAo uccuDDho mA puNa nibuDDejA / caraNaguNa vippahINo, buDDhA subahuMpi jAnaMto // Having once emerged out of the ocean of samsara, do not again merge into it. One who is completely devoid of the qualities of caranah sinks again, although he knows much. Here an example is given of a turtle () who with much difficulty emerges out of a great lake rendered dark by the intricate tangle of moss, grass and leaves, who looks upon the full moon, but attracted by the ties of affection for relations, plunges back into the lake. He is the symbol of ignorance. Why should a knower plunge back? Because even vast knowledge is of no avail to the knower who is totally devoid of caranam, for his knowledge, empty as it is of fruit, is but no-knowledge. suvahupi suyamahIyaM kiM kAhe caraNavippahINassa ? aMdhassa jaha palitA devasayasahassakoDIvi / / What can immense knowledge of the scriptures do to one who is devoid of caranam ? Of what avail are crores of hundreds

Page #108
70 JAINA ANTIQUARY of thousands of lighted lamps to the blind? paMpi sumahIyaM pagAsayaM hoi caraNajuttassa / pakko'vi jaha paIvo sabakkhuyassA payAsei // [ Vol. III Even the knowledge of one who has read but a little of the scriptures acts as the revealer if he practises caranam. Even if there be one lamp, it is the revealer to him who has the eye. jahA kharo caMdNabhAravAhI bhArassa bhAgI nahu caMdaNassa | evaM khu nANI caraNeNa hoNo, nANassa bhAgI nahusugnatie || As an ass bearing the burden of sandal wood is the sharer only of the burden and not of the sandal wood, even so, the knower, void of caranam, bears the burden of knowledge, but is not the sharer of good attainment. The commentary explains: The ass only suffers the pain of bearing the heavy load of the sandal wood, and does not enjoy the pleasure of smearing the body with sandal-paste etc. The knower also who is not self-restrained suffers the pain of acquiring knowledge-reading, remembering and thinking-but does not attain the destination of good deva-hood or man-hood. hayaM nANaM kiyAhINaM hayA annANao kiyA / great quai zedi, aramrut q siya? || Knowledge without action is killed (becomes ineffective), action without knowledge is killed. The lame man, looking on, was burnt, so also, was the blind man, while fleeing. Here a story is told: Once there was a conflagration in a great city; in it lived two helpless men the one was lame, the other blind. The people of the city, frightened by the fire, with eyes rolling in distraction, began to flee from it, but the lame man, knowing full well the way of escape, but deprived of the faculty of movement, could not flee but was consumed by the gradually approaching fire. The blind man also possessed of the faculty of moving, but deprived of the faculty of seeing, and hence not knowing the way of escape, ran towards

Page #109
Nr. III1 KNOWLEDGE & CONDUCT IN JAINA SCRIPTURES. 71 the fire and fell into a ditch brimful of burning coals and was consumed. The knower without self-restraint is unable to flee from the fire of karman; similarly the other fails without knowledge. It is said (by the Tirthakaras ) that only the conjunction of jiana and kriyu bears the fruit of moksa. Not by a single wheel does the chariot move. The blind man and the lame man having come together in the wood, and thus united, entered the city. Here a story is told by way of illustration. There was a forest fire. The blind man, not knowing (seeing ). was fleeing towards it, but being warned by a lame man, "Don't fee in that direction, for the fire is there", asked, "Where should I go?" The lame one said, "I am lame, and cannot move, so in front I can't show the way lying at a distance ; put me on your shoulder so that I may avoid the obstacles of thorns, fire etc., and with ease, lead you to the city." The other agreed and both of them reached the city happily. nANaM papAsayaM sohao tavo sajamo ya guttikro| tiNahapi samAoge mokkho jiNasAsaNe bhnniyo|| Knowledge is the revealer, tapas (practice of austerities) is the purifier, samyama (self-restraint ) is the protector. In the scriptures of the Jinas it is said that only in the conjunction of the three lies liberation ( moksa). Here the following imagery is given. There is an empty room, with a door slightly ajar, and many windows, filled with profuse dust and filth driven in by the wind. Now some one wants to reside in the room; he wants to clean it; he shuts the door and all the windows for preventing the entry of dust and filth from outside. He lights a lamp in the middle of the room, and employs a man servant in drawing together the filth etc., in this affair, the lamp does service in revealing the impurity 'such as dust etc., the shutting of the door and the window in preventing the entry of outside dust, and the man servant in purifying by drawing together the dust ( and ejecting it). Here jnani is that lamp which by its very nature, does service by revealing the impurity which is to be removed. Kriya

Page #110
JAINA ANTIQUARY [ Vol. III again in the shape of tapas and samyama does good ; karman of eight kinds collected in many bhavas is purified by tapas, even as much as filth collected in the house is ejected by the man servant. Samyama is the closing of the doors of asrava ( karman inflow), it guards by restraining the coming in of the filth of new karman, even as much as the shutting of windows prevents the coming in of filth driven in by the wind. It may be objected, that this militates against the arta samyagdarzanazAnacAristrANimokSamArgaH / as it leaves out samyagdarsana ; but there is no fault here since darsana is included in jnana. In the Pravacanasara of Kunda-kunda Acaryya Ed. by B. Faddegon ( Jain Literature Society Series, Vol I Cambridge, 1935), Srutaskandha we read : 37. One does not attain by means of scripture-knowledge, if one does not believe in the categories (arthas ), nor does one believing in the categories, but lacking self-restraint, arrive at niryana Amstacandra Suri explains it in his Tattva-dipika thus--"One does not attain perfection through knowledge produced by scripture, but destitute of faith ; or through faith, combined with that knowledge, but devoid of self-restraint." 41. Considering the groups of enemies and friends as the same, pleasure and pain as the same, praise and blame as the same, clay and gold as the same, the sramanal is moreover the same in regard to life and death. Commentary-Self-restraint (samyama) is conduct accompained by absolute ( samyag) faith and knowledge. Conduct is duty (dharma); duty is equanimity : equanimity is a self-evolution devoid of infatuation and perturbation. Therefore equanimity is a characteristic of the self-restrainer. 1. The pikerit form samana presents a favourite similarity in sound to sama.

Page #111
No. III] KNOWLEDGE & CONDUOT IN JAINA SCRIPTURES 73 So in regard to the two groups, enemies and friends, pleasure and pain, praise and blame, clay and gold, life and death he is the same. Whoso being free from the infatuation, 'this one is strange to me, this one belongs to me; this is joy, this is a torment, this is an elevation to me, this is humiliation has not in regard to any thing the duality of attachment, and aversion, who continually experiences the self as having for nature pure faith and knowledge, who having appropriated enemies and friends, pleasure and pain, praise and blame, clay and gold, life and death indistinguishably, merely as knowables, immovably abides in the self, which has knowledge for self, truly possesses equanimity in every regard.

Page #112

Page #113
The Jaina Chronology. (By Kamta Prasad Jain, M. R. A. S.) Continued from Vol. III, page 41. "THE PRE-HISTORICAL PERIOD EVENTS." No. Period & Date. Event. 76 Magha Krasna Dvadasi. 77 Do. 78 Pausa Krasna Caturdasi. After nine caror sagropamas since Pus. padanta got liberated, Sitalanatha, the tenth Tirthankara, born at Bhadrapura. His father was king Dradaratha and the name of his mother was Sunanda. After enjoying a peaceful worldly life, Sitalanatha renounced the world and set himself to observe severe penances and austerities as a naked Sramana. As a saint, he took his first meal at the house of king Punarvasu of Aristapura. At the end of three years, Sitalanatha destroyed the four ghatiya-karmas and became an omniscient teacher. Sitalanatha having preached the Dharma at large came to mount Sammed Sikhara and attained Nirvana from there. King Megharatha of Bhaddalpur in the | Malayadesa accepted the doctrines of Brahmana Maundasalayana and started to give gifts of gold, elephant, horse etc. Hence forward the Brahmanas became hostile to Jainism. (Ref. Uttarapunina Parva 56, Slks. 30-86.) Asvina Sukla Astami. 80 Kartika Sukla Purnima. -- -

Page #114
JAIN ANTIQUARY. ( Vol. III No. Period & Date. Event 81 Phalguna Krasna Ekadasi. Sreyamsanatha, the eleventh Tirthankara born at Simhapura, when one Sagropama years were elapsed since the Niravana of Sri Sitalanatha. His father King Visnu ruled over Simhapura and his mother was queen Nanda. Do. Do. Having ruled for a long period, Sreyansanatha installed his son by name Sreyamkara on the throne of Simhapura and adopted the life of a Digambara Muni. Do. Tryodasi. Sramana Sreyansa took his first meal from the hands of Prince Nanda of Siddhartapura. Magha Ktasna Amavasya. Sreyansanatha having become an omniscient Teacher, began to preach Truth. The teachings of Jainism once again prevailed, since they became eclipsed after Sitalanatha. First Narayana Traprasta and Baladeva Vijaya flourished at Podanapura, who defeated the greatest monarch of that time named Asvagriva. Srivijaya succeeded Tsaprasta, who rescued his sister Tara, absconded by a Vidyadhara prince. Phalguna Klasna | After 54 sagropama years since SreyChaturdasi. ansanatha liberated Himself, Tirthankara Vasupujya flourished. Since three palya years before the birth of Vasupujya Jainism became extinguished. Vasupujya's parents were king Vasupujya and queen Jayavati. GE

Page #115
No. III] No. Period & Date. 87 Phalguna Krasna Caturdasi. 88 90 89 Bhadrapada Sukla Caturdasi. 91 92 93 Magha Sukla Dvadasi. 94 Magha Sukla Caturdasi. Magha Sukla Chaturthi. Pausa Krasna Dasami. THE JAINA CHRONOLOGY, Asada Krasna Astami. Event. 77 Prince Vasupujya having lived a celibate's life, became disgusted with the world and renounced it. Vasupujya became an omniscient world Teacher and began to preach at large. Vasupujya Tirathankara reached Mandaragiri (near modern Bhagalapura in Behar) and attained Niravana from that place. Raja Brahma ruled at Dvaravati and from his queen Usa the second Narayana Dviprasta was born, who killed his antagonist and a great oppressor of the time named Taraka. His brother was Achala Baladeva. After 30 sagropamas since the liberation of Vasupujya, Tirthankara Vimala was born. His father named Sukratavarma was a Ksatriya ruler of Kampilya and his mother was known Syama. Before Vimala's birth Jainism lost its sway for one Palya years. as queen (Ibid, Parva 59 Sl. 23.) Prince Vimala having enjoyed the worldly life became a naked sramana and observed hard penances. Vimalanatha became a Kevali Jina and preached Jainism in the Aryakhanda. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat Vimalanatha attained Nirvana from mt. Sammeda-Sikhara. (Ibid, 59-23) www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #116
JAINA ANTIQUARY. (Vol. III Period & Date. Event. 97 | Jyestha Krasna Dvadasi. Do. 99 Chaitra Klasna Amavasya. Meru and Mandara were the renowned apostles of Tirathankara Vimala, who were sons of Raja Anantavijaya of Mathura. (Ibid, 59-108.) Baladeva Dharma and Narayana Svayambhu flourished at Dvaravati. (Ibid, 59-63). After nine Sagaropamas and palya Vimala attained Nirvana, Anantanatha born at Ajodhya in the palace of Raja Simhasena and queen Jayasyama. Anantanatha renounced the world and observed penances for two months. Anantanatha became an omniscient teacher and began to preach the Dharma. Anantanatha attained to Nirvana from Sammeda-Sikhara. (Ibid, 60-23). Baladeva Suprabha and Narayana Purusottama flourished. (Ibid, 60-49). After four sagaropamas since Anantanatha attained Nirvana, Jainism became obscure for a period of half palya Dharmanatha, tha fifteenth Tirathankara born at Ratnapura where his father King Bhanu ruled with queen Suvrata. Dharmanatha adopted the vow of a naked sramana and observed penance for a full month. 100 Do. Magha Sukla Tryodasi. 104 Do.

Page #117
NO. III ] THE JAINA CHRONOLOGY. No. Period & Date. Event 105 Pausa sukla Purnima. Jyestha Sukla Caturthi. 106 108 109 Dharmanatha gained omniscience and preached the Jaina Dharma once again. Dharmanatha attained Nirvana from the mt. Sammeda-Sikhara. (Ibid., 61, 21-23). Baladeva Sudarsana and Narayana PurusaSimha flourished. (Ibid, 61-56). Maghawa, the third Cakravarti monarch appeared at Ayodhya. (Ibid, 61-68). Sanatakumar, the fourth cakravarti monarch and a kuma-kumara flourished at Ayodhya. (Ibid, 61-104) After three Sagaropamas less palya since Dharmanatha attained liberation, Tirthankara Santinatha born at Hastinapura. His father Viswasena was a scion of the famous Kuruvarsa and his mother queen Aira was a a Gandhara princess. He was a cakravarti monarch and a Kamakamara also. Santinatha became a naked sramana | and observed penances for sixteen years. santinatha gained omniscience and he preached the Dharma as a world Teacher, santinatha attained liberation from Mt. Sammeda-Sikhara. To be Continaed. 110 ! Jyestha Krasni Caturdasi. 111 112 Do. Tryodasi. Pausa Sukla Ekadasl. Jyestha Klasna Caturdasi. 113

Page #118
THE JAINA SIDDHANTA BHASKARA. (Gist of Our Hindi Portion : Vou IV, Pt. II) p.p. 71-93. Kamta Prasad Jain has collected available material from the Jaina and non-jaina literature referring to Rajagraha, the ancient capital of Magadha and has given an interesting historical sketch of it. p.p. 84-89. Jainacarya Vijaya Indra Suri has critically reviewed the Gujarati publication entitled "Pracina Bharatavarsa" by Dr. T. L. Shah (Baroda) and has pointed out a few of his deliberate misrepresentation of facts. It is wrong to say that the Gommata colossal at Sravanabelagola is the creation of the Mauryan emperors and Mahavira, the last Tirthankara attained Nirvana from Vidisa (modern Bhilsa). p.p. 90-101. Pt. K. B. Shastri has written on the origin and history of the Jain Prakrata literature: the Apabhramsa variety of which is the source from which Hindi originated. p.p. 103--109. Why the Bahubali colossal is called Gommata ? by H. Govind Pai. p.p. 110-118. B. Agarchand Nahata has thrown light on the Jain texts dealing with astronomy and medicine. Lists of available mss. are given. p.p. 119-122. K. P. Jain has pointed out on substantial evidence that the word Sri-Samgha 'donot mean the Svetambaras only. The Digambaras has also used this word for their own community. Likewise Tapa and Kharatara Gacchhas, originally belonging to the Svetambara sect, are found also in the Kapthasamigha of the

Page #119
No. III THE JAINA SIDDHANTA BHASKARA, SL Digambara sect. Inscriptions on the Digambara images of the 11th century A. D. mention Tapagaccha, while a Digambara ms. at the Dig: Jaina Temple Mainpuri mentions Kharatara Gaccha. This ms. was written at Dacca in Bengal and bears the date as Sravana Krasna 8th, 2287 A. Vir. p.p. 125. Mr. Ajita Prasada, M.A., L.L.B., describes the main shrine of the famous Jaina Temple at Dharampura Delhi, which was built by Lala Harasukharai of Delhi in 1803 A.D. K. P.J.

Page #120
Select Contributions to Oriental Journals. 1. Indian Culture-Vol. IV, No. 1 ( July, 1937): Origin of the Kadambas-by D. C. Sarcar: Traditionally Mayura was the progenitor of the Kadambas and their family nam had connection with the Kadamba tree. The writer of opinion that the Kadambas were originally Brahman: hailing from north, they served under the salavahanas a found a kingdom in the Kuntala country afterwards. - 2. Journal of the Andhra Historical Research Society-Vol. X pts. 1-4 (1936-1937): Geneology & Chronology of Western Gangas: From Marasimha to Rakkasa Ganga I-by M. Govinda Pai. 3. Karnataka Historical Review; Vol. IV, Nos. 1-2 (Jany.-Jul; 1937): Karnataka and Mohenjo Daro-by H. Heras: According to the writer's reading of the inscriptions on Mohenjo Daro seals. it is evident that some of them contain refarences t the people of Karnataka. Delhi Sultans as Patrous of Jaina Gurus of Karnataka-by B. A. Saletore. The writer discusses at length and points out that the Jain teachers Simhakirti and Visalakirti were honoured respectively by Muhammad Tughlaq and Sikandar Sar of Delhi. 4. Indian Historical Quarterly-Vol. XIII, No. 3 (Sept. 1937). I Central Asiatic Provinces of the Maurya Empire-by H. C. Seth Maurya Chandragupta & Mayrabhanj Rulers-by B. Misra. Akbar's Religious Policy-by S. R, Sharma,

Page #121
RULES. 1. The " Jaina Antiquary" (sa-fargla HITEKT) is an Anglo-Hindi quarterly, which is issued annually in four parts, i.e., in June. September, December, and March. 2. The inland subscription is Rs. 4 (including postage and foreign subscription is 6 shillings (including postage) per annum, payable in advance. Specimen copy will be sent on receipt of Rs. 1.4-0. 3. Only the literary and other decent advertisements will be accepted for publication. The rates of charges may be ascertained on application to THE MANAGER, The " Jaina Antiquary" Jain Sidhanta Bhavan, Arrah (India). to whom all remittances should be made. * 4. Any change of address should also be intimated to him promptly. 5. In case of non-receipt of the journal within a fortnight from he approximate date of publication, the office should be informed nt-once. 6. The journal deals with topics relatir.g to Jaina history, fography, art, archaeology, iconography, epigraphy, numismawes, religion, literature, philosophy, ethnology, folklore, etc., from the earliest times to the modern period. 7. Contributors are requested to send articles, notes, reviews, etc., type-written, and addressed to, K. P. JAIN, Esq. M. R. A. S., EDITOR, " JAINA ANTIQUARY" Aligunj, Dist. Etah (India). (N.B.-Journals in exchange should also be sent to this address.) 3. The Editors reserve to themselves the right of accepting, cr rejecting the whole or portions of the articles, notes, etc. 9. The rejected contributions are not returned to senders, if postage is not paid. 10. Two copies of every publication meant for review should be sent to the office of the journal at Arrah (India). 1. The following are the editors of the journal, who work honorarily simply with a view to foster and promote the cause of Jainology: PROF. HIRALAL JAIN, M.A., L.L.B. PROF. A. N. UPADHYE, M.A. B. KAMTA PRASAD JAIN, M.R.A.S. Pr. K. BHUTABALI SHASTRI.

Page #122
zAdi CaM DIRE