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Jainism : Through Science scientists that every element must consist of material particles and therefore Dharma and Adharma also consist of material particles is improper. These elements are not formed from the matter but they are colourless, shapeless and indivisible elements. Since these are unmaterial elements, they have no material-properties like colour, odour, taste, touch, mass, weight, electromagnetic field, to produce friction and to give response to friction.
In short the most microscopic particles of matter (paramāņus) possess these properties. As these elements (Dharma and Adharma) are not outside the universe, the elements, matter and soul can't go outside the universe.
Einstein's acceptance of velocity of light to be constant means that the velocity of the source of light dosesn't affect the velocity of light. e.g. Though the velocity of the source of light is 2 x 105 km/sec. the velocity of its own light remains 3 x 105 km/sec., but it is not according to Galiean theory i.e. Vi + V2 -V. It means the velocity of light will not become (3 + 2) × 105 km/sec. in the possitive direction or (3 - 2) × 105 km/sec. in negative direction in respect of the direction of motion. Though this belief of Einstein's theory is partly true, it is not absolutely true. When the velocity of the source of light is more than 'c', the velocity of light becomes more than 'c'. And it can be denoted in sign as follows:
c= 3 x 105 km/sec. i.e. velocity of light or photon particle. v + c = c (If vsc) but v + c = (If v> c)
In this condition as the value of'v' or velocity of the source of light increases, the velocity of light also increases. It means the velocity of light is not constant but variable. If the velocity of light source is greater than the light-velocity, the velocity of light for its own light becomes greater than 'd' and equal to the velocity of light source. Not even a little difference takes place in the velocity of light, if the velocity of light source is less than 'c' because in this condition, the ray of light, created at the second moment always remains behind the ray of light, created at the first moment. The
