Jain Darshan me Tattva Mimansa

Author(s): Mahapragna Acharya
Publisher: Jain Vishva Bharati
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/003092/1

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jainadarzana meM tattva mImAMsA yuvAcArya mahAprajJa FFICE prakAzaka jaina vizva bhAratI prakAzana, lADanUM

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jaina darzana meM tattva mImAMsA yuvAcArya mahAprajJa prakAzaka jaina vizva bhAratI prakAzana, lADanUM

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saMpAdaka muni dulaharAja paMcama saMskaraNa : julAI, 1993 mUlya : dasa rupaye / prakAzaka : jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM nAgaura (rAjasthAna ) / mudraka : mitra pariSad, kalakattA ke Arthika saujanya se sthApita jaina vizva bhAratI presa, lADanUM - 341306 / JAIN DARSHAN MEIN TATTVA-MIMANSA Yuvacharya Mahaprajna Rs. 10.00

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sampAdakIya yuvAcArya mahAprajJa kI bahucarcita pustaka 'jaina darzana : manana aura mImAMsA' ke pAMca khaNDa haiM / usakA dUsarA khaNDa hai - 'darzana' / usa khaNDa ke AdhAra para kucheka viSayoM ke vistAra aura TippaNoM ko chor3a kara prastuta pustaka 'jainadarzana meM tattva - mImAMsA' taiyAra kI gaI hai / yaha vidyArthiyoM ke jJAnavardhana meM sahAyaka hogI, isI AzA ke sAtha | -sampAdaka

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1. vizva : vikAsa aura hAsa anAdi ananta vizva- sthiti ke mUla sUtra vikAsa aura hAsa vikAsa aura hrAsa kA kAraNa prANi - vibhAga utpatti sthAna sthAvara jagat saMghIya jIvana sAdhAraNa - vanaspati jIvoM kA parimANa pratyeka vanaspati pratyeka vanaspati jIvoM kA parimANa krama - vikAsavAda ke mUla sUtra zArIrika parivartana kA hrAsa yA ulaTA krama prabhAva ke nimitta 2. jIvana-nirmANa saMsAra kA hetu sUkSma zarIra garbha viSayAnukrama garbhAdhAna kI kRtrima paddhati garbha kI sthiti garbha - saMkhyA garbha praveza kI sthiti bAharI sthiti kA prabhAva janma ke prAraMbha meM janma prANa aura paryApti prANa-zakti jIvoM ke caudaha bheda aura unakA AdhAra 1 - 20 1 2 4 5 67 11 12 12 12 12 17 17 21-32 21 21 22 23 23 23 24 24 24 25 26 26 27

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chaha T bs 09 llh llh 1 46 indriya-jJAna aura pAMca jAtiyAM mAnasa-jJAna aura saMjJI-asaMjJI indriya aura mana jAtismRti atIndriyajJAna---yogIjJAna 3. AtmavAda do pravAha : AtmavAda aura anAtmavAda AtmA kyoM ? bhAratIya darzana meM AtmA ke sAdhaka tarka jaina dRSTi se AtmA kA svarUpa bhAratIya darzana meM AtmA kA svarUpa aupaniSadika AtmA ke vividha rUpa aura jaina dRSTi se tulanA sajIva aura nirjIva padArtha kA pRthakkaraNa jIva ke vyAvahArika lakSaNa jIva ke naizcayika lakSaNa madhyama aura virAT parimANa baddha aura mukta jIva-parimANa zarIra aura AtmA mAnasika kriyA kA zarIra para prabhAva do visadRza padArthoM kA saMbaMdha vijJAna AtmA AtmA para vijJAna ke prayoga cetanA kA pUrva rUpa kyA hai ? indriya aura mastiSka AtmA nahIM pradeza aura jIvakoSa astitva siddhi ke do prakAra svataMtra sattA kA hetu punarjanma aMtarakAla sva-niyamana 4. karmavAda xxx xx2 r.xx9 Mmmm 66-66

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sAta 71 71 74 75 78 AtmA kA AMtarika vAtAvaraNa paristhiti karma kI paudgalikatA AtmA aura karma kA saMbaMdha baMdha ke hetu baMdha karma : svarUpa aura kArya bandha kI prakriyA karma kauna bAMdhatA hai ? karma-baMdha kaise? phala-vipAka karma ke udaya se kyA hotA hai ? phala kI prakriyA udaya apane-Apa udaya meM Ane vAle karma ke hetu dUsaroM dvArA udaya meM Ane vAle karma-hetu puNya-pApa mizraNa nahIM hotA korA puNya dharma aura puNya puruSArtha bhAgya ko badala sakatA hai AtmA svataMtra hai yA karma ke adhIna ? udIraNA udIraNA kA hetu vedanA nirjarA karma-mukti kI prakriyA anAdi kA anta kaise ? lezyA karmoM kA saMyoga aura viyoga : AdhyAtmika vikAsa aura hAsa Mow mr mro urur v . . 23

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vizva : vikAsa aura hAsa anAdi-ananta ___ jIvana-pravAha ke bAre meM aneka dhAraNAeM haiN| bahuta sAre ise anAdi-ananta mAnate haiM to bahuta sAre sAdi-sAnta / jIvana-pravAha ko anAdi-ananta mAnane vAloM ko usakI utpatti para vicAra karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| caitanya kaba, kaise aura kisase utpanna haA-ye samasyAeM unheM satAtI haiM jo asat se sat kI utpatti svIkAra karate haiN| 'upAdAna' kI maryAdA ko svIkAra karane vAle asat se sat kI utpatti nahIM mAna sakate / niyAmakatA kI dRSTi se aisA honA bhI nahIM cAhie, anyathA samajha se pare kI avyavasthA utpanna ho jAtI hai| jaina dRSTi ke anusAra yaha jagat anAdi-ananta hai| isakI mAtrA na ghaTato hai, na bar3hatI hai, kevala rUpAntara hotA hai| vizva-sthiti ke mUla sUtra vizva-sthiti kI AdhArabhUta dasa bAteM haiM :1. punarjanma-jIva mara kara bAra-bAra janma lete haiN| 2. karmabandha-jIva sadA (pravAharUpeNa anAdikAla se) karma bAMdhate haiM / 3. mohanIya-karmabandha-jIva sadA (pravAharUpeNa anAdikAla se) nirantara mohanIya karma bAMdhate haiN| 4. jIva-ajIva kA atyantAbhAva-aisA na to huA, na bhAvya hai aura na hogA ki jIva ajIva ho jAe aura ajIva jIva ho jaae| 5. trasa sthAvara-aviccheda--aisA na to huA, na bhAvya hai aura na hogA ki sabhI trasa jova sthAvara bana jAeM yA sabhI sthAvara jIva trasa bana jAeM yA sabhI jIva kevala trasa yA kevala sthAvara ho jaaeN| 6. lokAloka pRthaktva--aisA na to huA, na bhAvya hai aura

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA na hogA ki loka aloka ho jAe aura aloka loka ho jaae| 7. lokAloka-anyonyA'praveza-aisA na to huA, na bhAvya hai aura na hogA ki loka aloka meM praveza kare aura aloka loka meM praveza kre| 8. loka aura jIvoM kA AdhAra-Adheya sambandha-jitane kSetra kA nAma loka hai, utane kSetra meM jIva haiM aura jitane kSetra meM jIva haiM, utane kSetra kA nAma loka hai| ___6. loka-maryAdA--jitane kSetra meM jIva aura pudgala gati kara sakate haiM utanA kSetra 'loka' hai aura jitanA kSetra 'loka' hai utane kSetra meM jIva aura pudgala gati kara sakate haiN| 10. aloka-gati-kAraNAbhAva-loka ke saba antima bhAgoM meM Abaddha pArzvaspRSTa pudgala haiN| lokAnta ke pudgala svabhAva se hI rUkhe hote haiN| ve gati meM sahAyatA karane kI sthiti meM saMghaTita nahIM ho sakate / unakI sahAyatA ke binA jIva aloka meM gati nahIM kara skte| vikAsa aura hrAsa vikAsa aura hrAsa--ye parivartana ke mukhya pahalU haiM / ekAntanitya-sthiti meM na vikAsa ho sakatA hai aura na haas| pariNAmInityatva ke anusAra ye donoM ho sakate haiN| DArvina ke matAnusAra yaha vizva kramazaH vikAsa kI ora bar3ha rahA hai| jaina-dRSTi ise svIkAra nahIM krtii| vikAsa aura hrAsa jIva aura pudgala--ina do dravyoM meM hotA hai| jIva kA antima vikAsa hai-mukt-dshaa| yahAM pahuMcane para phira hrAsa nahIM hotaa| isase pahale AdhyAtmika krama vikAsa kI jo caudaha bhUmikAeM haiM, unameM AThavIM (kSapakazreNI) bhUmikA para pahaMcane ke bAda mukta banane se pahale kSaNa taka Rmika vikAsa hotA hai| isase pahale vikAsa aura hrAsa-ye donoM calate haiN| kabhI hrAsa se vikAsa aura kabhI vikAsa se hrAsa hotA rahatA hai| vikAsadazAeM ye haiM : 1. avyavahAra rAzi sAdhAraNa-vanaspati / 2. vyavahAra rAzi... pratyeka-vanaspati, sAdhAraNa-vanaspati / (ka) ekendriya "sAdhAraNa- vanaspati, pratyeka-vanaspati, pRthvI, pAnI, tejas, vaayu|

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vizva : vikAsa aura hrAsa (kha) dviindriy| (ga) triindriy| (gha) caturindriya / (Ga) paMcendriya""amanaska , samanaska / pratyeka prANI ina sabako kramazaH pAra karake Age bar3hatA hai, yaha bAta nhiiN| inakA utkramaNa bhI hotA hai| yaha prANiyoM kI yogyatA kA krama hai, utkrAMti kA krama nahIM / utkramaNa aura apakramaNa jIvoM kI AdhyAtmika yogyatA aura sahayogI paristhitiyoM ke samanvaya para nirbhara hai| dArzanikoM kA 'dhyeyavAda' bhaviSya ko preraka mAnatA hai aura vaijJAnikoM kA 'vikAsavAda' atIta ko| dhyeya kI ora bar3hane se jIva kA AdhyAtmika vikAsa hotA hai--aisI kucha dArzanikoM kI mAnyatA hai| kiMtu ye dArzanika vicAra bhI bAhya preraNA hai| AtmA svata: spharta hai| vaha dhyeya kI ora bar3hane ke lie bAdhya nahIM, svataMtra hai| dhyeya kI ucita rIti samajha lene ke bAda vaha usakI ora bar3hane kA prayatna kara sakatI hai| ucita sAmagrI milane para vaha prayatna saphala bhI ho sakatA hai| kiMtu 'dhyeya kI ora pragati' kA yaha sarvasAmAnya niyama nahIM hai| yaha kAla, svabhAva, niyati, udyoga Adi vizeSa sAmagrI-sApekSa hai| vaijJAnika vikAsavAda bAhya sthitiyoM kA Akalana hai| atIta kI apekSA se vikAsa kI paraMparA Age bar3hatI hai, yaha nizcita satya nahIM hai| kinhI kA vikAsa huA hai to kinhIM kA hrAsa bhI haA hai| atIta ne nayI AkRtiyoM kI paramparA ko Age bar3hAyA hai, to vartamAna ne purAne rUpoM ko apanI goda meM sameTA bhI hai| isalie akele avasara kI dI haI adhika svataMtratA mAnya nahIM ho sktii| vikAsa bAhya paristhiti dvArA paricAlita ho-AtmA apane se bAhara vAlI zakti se paricAlita ho to vaha svataMtra nahIM ho sktii| paristhiti kA dAsa banakara AtmA kabhI apanA vikAsa nahIM sAdha sktii| pudagala kI zaktiyoM kA vikAsa aura hrAsa-ye donoM sadA calate haiN| inake vikAsa yA hrAsa kA niravadhika carama rUpa nahIM hai| zakti kI dRSTi se eka paudgalika skaMdha meM ananta-guNa tAratamya ho jAtA hai| AkAra-racanA kI dRSTi se eka-eka paramANu milakara

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA anantapradezI skaMdha bana jAtA hai, aura phira ve bikharakara eka-eka paramANu bana jAte haiN| pudgala acetana hai, isalie usakA vikAsa yA hrAsa caitanyaprerita nahIM hotaa| jIva ke vikAsa yA hrAsa kI yaha vizeSatA hai / usameM caitanya hotA hai, isalie usake vikAsa-hrAsa meM bAharI preraNA ke atirikta AMtarika preraNA bhI hotI hai| ___ jIva (caitanya) aura zarIra kA lolIbhUta saMzleSa hotA hai, isalie AMtarika preraNA ke do rUpa bana jAte haiM --Atma-janita aura shriir-jnit| Atma-janita AMtarika preraNA se AdhyAtmika vikAsa hotA hai aura zarIra-janita se zArIrika vikAsa / / zarIra pAMca haiN| unameM do sUkSma haiM aura tIna sthUla / sUkSma zarIra sthUla zarIra kA preraka hotA hai| isakI vargaNAeM zubha aura azubha donoM prakAra kI hotI haiN| zubha vargaNAoM ke udaya se paudgalika yA zArIrika vikAsa hotA hai aura azubha vargaNAoM ke udaya se Atma-cetanA kA hrAsa, AvaraNa aura zArIrika sthiti kA bhI hrAsa hotA hai| . jaina-dRSTi ke anusAra cetana aura acetana-pudgala saMyogAtmaka sRSTi kA vikAsa kramika hI hotA hai, aisA nahIM hai| vikAsa aura hrAsa ke kAraNa vikAsa aura hAsa kA mukhya kAraNa hai AMtarika preraNA yA AMtarika sthiti yA AMtarika yogyatA aura sahAyaka kAraNa hai bAharI sthiti / DArvina kA siddhAMta bAharI sthiti ko anucita mahattva detA hai| bAharI sthitiyAM kevala AMtarika vattiyoM ko jagAtI haiM, unakA naye sire se nirmANa nahIM krtiiN| cetana meM yogyatA hotI hai, vahI bAharI sthiti kA sahArA pA vikasita ho jAtI hai| 1. ataraMga yogyatA aura bahiraMga anukUlatA-kArya utpanna hotA hai| 2. aMtaraMga ayogyatA aura bahiraMga anukUlatA-kArya utpanna nahIM hotaa| 3. aMtaraMga yogyatA aura bahiraMga pratikUlatA--- kArya utpanna nahIM hotaa|

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vizva : vikAsa aura hAsa 4. aMtaraMga ayogyatA aura bahiraMga pratikUlatA - kArya utpanna nahIM hotA / 5 pratyeka prANI meM dasa saMjJAeM aura jIvana-sukha kI AkAMkSAeM hotI haiM / unameM tIna eSaNAeM bhI hotI haiM 1. prANaSaNA - maiM jIvita rahUM / 2. putraiSaNA - merI saMtati cale / 3. vittaiSaNA - maiM dhanI banUM / artha aura kAma kI isa AMtarika preraNA tathA bhUkha, pyAsa, ThaMDaka, garmI Adi-Adi bAharI sthitiyoM ke prabhAva se prANI kI harmukhI vRttiyoM kA vikAsa hotA hai / yaha eka jIvanagata - vikAsa kI sthiti hai / vikAsa kA pravAha bhI calatA hai / eka pIr3hI kA vikAsa dUsarI pIr3hI ko anAyAsa mila jAtA hai| kiMtu udbhidjagat se lekara manuSya-jagat taka jo vikAsa hai, vaha pahalI pIr3hI ke vikAsa kI dena nahIM hai / yaha vyakti - vikAsa kI svataMtra gati hai / udbhid jagat se bhinna jAtiyAM usakI zAkhAeM nahIM, kintu svatantra haiM / udbhid jAti kA eka jIva punarjanma ke mAdhyama se manuSya bana sakatA hai / yaha jAtigata vikAsa nahIM, vyaktigata vikAsa hai / vikAsa hotA hai, isameM donoM vicAra eka rekhA para haiM / kiMtu donoM kI prakriyA bhinna hai / DArvina ke matAnusAra vikAsa jAti kA hotA hai aura jaina darzana ke anusAra vyakti kA / DArvina ko AtmA aura karma kI yogyatA jJAta hotI to unakA dhyAna kevala jAti, jo ki bAharI vastu hai, ke vikAsa kI ora nahIM jAtA | AMtarika yogyatA kI kamI hone para eka manuSya phira se udbhid jAti meM jA sakatA hai, yaha vyaktigata hrAsa hai / prANi - vibhAga prANI do prakAra ke hote haiM-cara aura acara / acara prANI pAMca prakAra ke hote haiM- pRthvIkAya, apkAya, tejaskAya, vAyukAya aura vanaspatikAya / cara prANiyoM ke ATha bheda hote haiM - 1. aMDaja, 2. potaja, 3. jarAyuja, 4. rasaja, 5. saMsvedaja, 6. sammUcchima, udbhid, 8. upapAtaja / 7.

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA 1. aNDaja - aNDoM se utpanna hone vAle prANI aNDaja kahalAte haiM / jaise - sAMpa, keMcuA, maccha, kabUtara, haMsa, kAka, Adi jaMtu / mora 2. potaja - jo jIva khule aMga se utpanna hote haiM, ve potaja kahalAte haiM / jaise - hAthI, nakula, cUhA, bagulA, Adi / 3. jarAyuja - jarAyu eka taraha kA jAla jaisA rakta evaM mAMsa se lathar3A huA AvaraNa hotA hai aura janma ke samaya vaha bacce ke zarIra para lipaTA huA rahatA hai| aise janma vAle prANI jarAyuja kahalAte haiM / jaise - manuSya, gAya, bhaiMsa, UMTa, ghor3A, mRga, siMha, rIMcha, kuttA, billI Adi / ---- 4. rasaja - madya Adi meM jo kRmi utpanna hote haiM, ve rasaja kahalAte haiM / 5. saMsvedaja --saMsveda meM utpanna honevAle saMsvedaja kahalAte haiM / jaise - jUM Adi / 6. sammUcchima - kisI saMyoga kI pradhAnatayA apekSA nahIM rakhate hue yatra kutra jo utpanna ho jAte haiM, ve sammUcchima haiM / jaise-- cIMTI makkhI Adi / 1 7. udbhi- bhUmi ko bhedakara nikalane vAle prANI udbhid kahalAte haiM / jaise - TiDDI Adi / 8. upapAtaja - zayyA evaM kumbhI meM utpanna hone vAle upapAtaja haiM / jaise - devatA, nAraka Adi / - utpatti-sthAna saba prANI, saba bhUta, saba jIva aura saba sattva nAnA prakAra kI yoniyoM meM utpanna hote haiM aura vahIM sthiti aura vRddhi ko prApta karate haiM / ve zarIra se utpanna hote haiM, zarIra meM rahate haiM, zarIra meM vRddhi ko prApta karate haiM aura zarIra kA hI AhAra karate haiM / ve karma anugAmI haiM / karma ho unakI utpatti, sthiti aura gati kA Adi kAraNa hai / ve karma ke prabhAva se hI vibhinna avasthAoM ko prApta karate haiM / prANiyoM ke utpatti-sthAna 84 lAkha haiM aura unake kula eka karor3a sAr3he sattAnave lAkha (1,97,50,000 ) haiM / eka utpatti-sthAna meM aneka kula hote haiM / jaise gobara eka hI yoni hai aura usameM kRmi

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vizva : vikAsa aura hrAsa kula, kITa-kula, vRzcika-kula Adi aneka kula haiN| . sthAna utpatti-sthAna kula-koTi 1. pRthvokAya 7 lAkha 12 lAkha 2. apkAya 7 lAkha 7 lAkha 3. tejaskAya 7 lAkha 7 lAkha 4. vAyukAya 7 lAkha 7 lAkha 5. vanaspatikAya 24 lAkha 28 lAkha 6. dvIndriya 2 lAkha 7 lAkha 7. trIndriya 2 lAkha 8 lAkha 8. caturindriya 2 lAkha 6 lAkha 6. tiryaJca paMcendriya 4 lAkha jalacara-123 lAkha khecara-12 lAkha sthalacara-10 lAkha ura-parisarpa-6 lAkha bhuja-parisarpa-6 lAkha 10. manuSya 14 lAkha 12 lAkha 11. nAraka 4 lAkha 25 lAkha 12. deva 4 lAkha 27 lAkha utpatti-sthAna evaM kula-koTi ke adhyaya se jAnA jAtA hai ki prANiyoM kI vividhatA evaM bhinnatA kA honA asambhava nhiiN| sthAvara-jagat ukta prANI-vibhAga janma-prakriyA kI dRSTi se hai| gati kI dRSTi se prANI do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hote haiM-sthAvara aura trasa / trasa jIvoM meM gati, agati, bhASA, icchA-vyaktikaraNa Adi-Adi caitanya ke spaSTa cihna pratIta hote haiM, isalie unakI sacetanatA meM koI sandeha nahIM hotaa| sthAvara jIvoM meM jIva ke vyAvahArika lakSaNa spaSTa pratIta nahIM hote, isalie unakI sajovatA cakSugamya nahIM hai| jaina sUtra batAte haiM--pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu aura vanaspati-ye pAMcoM sthAvara kAya sajIva haiN| isakA AdhArabhUta siddhAMta yaha haihameM jitane pudgala dIkhate haiM, ye saba jIvat-zarIra yA jIva-mukta zarIra haiN| jina pudgala-skaMdhoM ko jIva apane zarIra-rUpa meM pariNata

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA kara lete haiM, unhIM ko hama dekha sakate haiM, dUsaroM ko nhiiN| pAMcasthAvara ke rUpa meM pariNata pudgala dRzya haiN| isase pramANita hotA hai ki ye sajIva haiN| jisa prakAra manuSya kA zarIra utpattikAla meM sajIva hI hotA hai, usI prakAra pRthvI Adi ke zarIra bhI prArambha meM sajIva ho hote haiM / jisa prakAra svAbhAvika athavA prAyogika mRtyU se manuSya-zarIra nirjIva yA AtmA-rahita ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra pRthvI Adi ke zarIra bhI svAbhAvika yA prAyogika mRtyu se nirjIva bana jAte haiN| inakI sajIvatA kA bodha karAne ke lie pUrvavartI AcAryoM ne tulanAtmaka yuktiyAM bhI prastuta kI haiN| jaise 1. manuSya-zarIra meM samAnajAtIya mAMsAMkura paidA hote haiN| isalie vaha sajIva hai| 2. aMDe kA pravAhI rasa sajIva hotA hai| pAnI bhI pravAhI hai, isalie sajIva hai / garbhakAla ke prArambha meM manuSya tarala hotA hai, vaise hI pAnI tarala hai, isalie sajIva hai / mUtra Adi tarala padArtha zastra pariNata hote haiM, isalie ve nirjIva hote haiM / 3. juganU kA prakAza aura manuSya ke zarIra meM jvarAvasthA meM hone vAlA tApa jIva-saMyogI hai| vaise hI agni kA prakAza aura tApa jIva-saMyogI hai / AhAra ke bhAva aura abhAva meM honevAlI vRddhi aura hAni kI apekSA manuSya aura agni kI samAna sthiti hai| donoM kA jIvana vAyu-sApekSa hai / vAyu ke binA manuSya nahIM jItA, vaise agni bhI nahIM jiitii| manuSya meM jaise prANavAyu kA grahaNa aura viSavAyu kA utsarga hotA hai, vaise agni meM bhI hotA hai| isalie vaha manuSya kI bhAMti sajIva hai| sUrya kA prakAza bhI jIva-saMyogI hai| sUrya 'Atapa' nAmakarmodayayukta pRthvIkAyika jIvoM kA zarIra-piNDa hai| 4. vAyu meM vyakta prANI kI bhAMti aniyamita svaprerita gati hotI hai| isase usakI sacetanatA kA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai / sthUla pudgala skaMdhoM meM aniyamita gati para-preraNA se hotI hai, svayaM nhiiN| ye cAra jIva nikAya haiN| inameM se pratyeka meM asaMkhya-asaMkhya jIva haiN| miTTI kA eka choTA-sA DhelA, pAnI kI eka bUMda, agni kA eka kaNa, vAyu kA eka sUkSma bhAga-ye saba asaMkhya jIvoM ke asaMkhya

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vizva : vikAsa aura hAsa zarIroM ke piMDa haiM / inake eka jIva kA eka zarIra ati sUkSma hotA hai, isalie vaha dRSTi kA viSaya nahIM banatA / hama inake piNDIbhUta asaMkhya zarIroM ko hI dekha sakate haiN| 5. vanaspati kA caitanya pUrvavartI nikAyoM se spaSTa hai / ise jainetara dArzanika bhI sajIva mAnate Ae haiM aura vaijJAnika jagat meM bhI isake caitanya saMbaMdhI vividha parIkSaNa hue haiM | betAra kI taraMgoM ( wireless waves) ke bAre meM anveSaNa karate samaya jagadIzacaMdra vasu ko yaha anubhava huA ki dhAtuoM ke paramANu para bhI adhika dabAva par3ane se rukAvaTa AtI hai aura unheM phira uttejita karane para vaha dUra ho jAtI hai / unhoMne sUkSma chAnabIna ke bAda batAyA ki dhAnya Adi padArtha bhI thakate haiM, caMcala hote haiM, viSa se murajhAte haiM, naze meM masta hote haiM aura marate haiM / anta meM unhoMne yaha pramANita kiyA ki saMsAra ke sabhI padArtha sacetana haiM / 9 vedAnta kI bhASA meM sabhI padArthoM meM eka hI cetana pravAhita ho rahA hai / jaina kI bhASA meM samUcA saMsAra ananta jIvoM se vyApta hai / eka aNumAtra pradeza bhI jIvoM se khAlI nahIM hai / vanaspati kI sacetanatA siddha karate hue usakI manuSya ke sAtha tulanA kI gaI hai / jaise manuSya - zarIra jAti - (janma) dharmaka hai, vaise vanaspati bhI jAti-dharmaka hai / jaise manuSya-zarIra bAlaka, yuvaka tathA vRddha avasthA prApta karatA hai, vaise vanaspati zarIra bhI / jaise manuSya sacetana hai, vaise vanaspati bhI / jaise manuSya zarIra chedana karane se malina ho jAtA hai, vaise vanaspati kA zarIra bhI / jaise manuSya zarIra AhAra karane vAlA hai, vaise hI vanaspati zarIra bhI / jaise manuSya zarIra anitya hai, vaise vanaspati kA zarIra bhI / jaise manuSya kA zarIra azAzvata hai ( pratikSaNa maratA hai), vaise vanaspati ke zarIra kI bhI pratikSaNa mRtyu hotI hai / jaise manuSya - zarIra meM iSTa aura aniSTa AhAra kI prApti se vRddhi aura hAni hotI hai, vaise hI vanaspati ke zarIra meM bhI / jaise manuSya zarIra vividha pariNamana-yukta hai arthAta rogoM ke samparka se pANDutva, vRddhi, sUjana, kRzatA, chidra Adi yukta ho jAtA hai aura auSadhi sevana se krAnti, bala, puSTi Adi yukta ho jAtA hai vaise 1

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA vanaspati-zarIra bhI nAnA prakAra ke rogoM se grasta hokara puSpa, phala aura tvacA -vihIna ho jAtA hai aura auSadhi ke saMyoga se puSpa, phalAdi yukta ho jAtA hai / ataH vanaspati cetanAyukta hai / vanaspati ke jIvoM meM avyakta rUpa se dasa saMjJAeM hotI haiM | saMjJA kA artha hai - anubhava / dasa saMjJAeM ye haiM- AhAra - saMjJA, bhaya-saMjJA, maithuna - saMjJA, parigraha - saMjJA, krodha-saMjJA, mAna-saMjJA, mAyA-saMjJA, lobha-saMjJA, ogha -saMjJA evaM loka-saMjJA / inako siddha karane ke lie TIkAkAroM ne upayukta udAharaNa bhI khoja nikAle haiM / vRkSa jala kA AhAra to karate hI haiN| isake sivAya 'amara bela' apane AsapAsa honevAle vRkSoM kA sAra khIMca letI hai | kaI vRkSa rakta zoSaka bhI hote haiM / isalie vanaspati meM AhAra-saMjJA hotI hai / 'chuI-muI' Adi sparza ke bhaya se sikur3a jAtI hai, isalie vanaspati meM bhaya-saMjJA hotI hai / 'kurUbaka' nAmaka vRkSa strI ke Aligana se pallavita ho jAtA hai aura 'azoka' nAmaka vRkSa strI ke pAdAghAta se pramudita ho jAtA hai, isalie vanaspati meM maithuna - saMjJA / latAeM apane taMtuoM se vRkSa ko bIMTa letI haiM, isalie vanaspati meM parigraha -saMjJA hai / 'kokanada' (raktotpala) kA kaMda krodha se huMkAra karatA hai / 'sidatI' nAma kI bela mAna se jharane laga jAtI hai / latAeM apane phaloM ko mAyA se DhAMka letI haiM / bilba aura palAza Adi vRkSa lobha se apane mUla nidhAna para phailate haiM / isase jAnA jAtA hai ki vanaspati meM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha bhI haiM / latAeM vRkSoM para car3hane ke lie apanA mArga pahale se taya kara letI haiM, isalie vanaspati meM ogha - saMjJA ' hai / rAtri meM kamala sikur3ate haiM, isalie vanaspati meM loka-saMjJA ' hai / vRkSoM meM jalAdi sIMcate haiM, vaha phalAdi ke rasa ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai, isalie vanaspati meM ucchvAsa kA sadbhAva hai / snAyavika dhar3akanoM ke binA rasa kA prasAra nahIM ho sakatA / jaise manuSya zarIra meM ucchvAsa se rakta kA prasAra hotA hai aura mRta zarIra meM ucchvAsa nahIM hotA, ataH rakta kA prasAra bhI nahIM hotA, isalie vanaspati meM ucchvAsa hai / isa prakAra aneka yuktiyoM se vanaspati 1. ogha - saMjJA - anukaraNa kI pravRtti / 2. loka-saMjJA - vyakta cetanA kA vizeSa upayoga /

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vazva : vikAsa aura hrAsa kI sacetanatA siddha kI gaI hai| vanaspatikAya ke do bheda haiM-sAdhAraNa aura pratyeka / eka zarIra meM ananta jIva hote haiM, vaha sAdhAraNa-zarIrI, ananta-kAya yA pUkSma-nigoda hai / eka zarIra meM eka hI jIva hotA hai, vaha pratyekazarIrI hai| saMghIya jIvana sAdhAraNa-vanaspati kA jIvana saMgha-baddha hotA hai| phira bhI unakI Atmika sattA pRthaka-pRthak rahatI hai| koI bhI jIva apanA astitva nahIM gNvaataa| una eka zarIrazrayI ananta jIvoM ke sUkSma zarIra taijasa aura kArmaNa pRthak-pRthaka hote haiM / una para eka-dUsare kA kA prabhAva nahIM hotaa| unake sAmyavAdI jIvana kI paribhASA karate hue batAyA ki- "sAdhAraNa vanaspati kA eka jIva jo kucha AhAra Adi pudgala-samUha kA grahaNa karatA hai, vaha tatzarIrastha zeSa sabhI jIvoM ke upabhoga meM AtA hai aura bahuta sAre jIva jina pudgaloM kA grahaNa karate haiM, ve eka jIva ke upabhogya banate haiN| unake AhAravihAra, ucchvAsa-nizvAsa, zarIra-nirmANa aura mauta-ye sabhI sAdhAraNa kArya eka sAtha hote haiN| sAdhAraNa jIvoM kA pratyeka zArIrika kArya sAdhAraNa hotA hai| pRthak-zarIrI manuSyoM ke kRtrima saMghoM meM aisI sAdhAraNatA kabhI nahIM aatii| sAdhAraNa jIvoM kA svAbhAvika saMghAtmaka jIvana sAmyavAda kA utkRSTa udAharaNa hai| jIva amUrta hai, isalie ve kSetra nahIM rokte| kSetra-nirodha sthUla podgalika vastueM hI karatI haiN| sAdhAraNa jIvoM ke sthUla zarIra pRthak-pRthak nahIM hote| jo jo nijI zarIra haiM, ve sUkSma hote haiM, isalie eka sUI ke agrabhAga jitane choTe zarIra meM ananta jIva samA jAte haiN| sUI kI noka Tike utane 'lakSyapAka' tela meM eka lAkha auSadhiyoM kI astitA hotI hai| saba auSadhiyoM ke paramANu usameM mile hae hote haiN| isase adhika sUkSmatA Aja ke vijJAna meM dekhie rasAyanazAstra ke paMDita kahate haiM ki Alapina ke sire ke barAbara barpha ke Tukar3e meM 10,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,000 aNu haiN| ina udAharaNoM ko dekhate hue sAdhAraNa jIvoM kI eka

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA zarIrAzrayI sthiti meM koI saMdeha nahIM hotA / Aga meM tapA lohe kA golA agnimaya hotA hai, vaise sAdhAraNa vanaspati zarIra jIvamaya hotA hai| sAdhAraNa-vanaspati jIvoM kA parimANa ___ lokAkAza ke asaMkhya pradeza haiN| usake eka-eka AkAza-pradeza para eka-eka nigoda-jIva ko rakhate cale jaaie| ve eka loka meM nahIM samAyeMge, do-cAra meM bhI nhiiN| vaise ananta loka Avazyaka hoNge| isa kAlpanika saMkhyA se unakA parimANa smjhie| unakI zArIrika sthiti saMkIrNa hotI hai| isI kAraNa sasIma loka meM samA rahe haiN| pratyeka vanaspati pratyeka-vanaspati jIvoM ke zarIra pRthak-pRthak hote haiN| pratyeka jIva apane zarIra kA nirmANa svayaM karatA hai| unameM parAzrayatA bhI hotI hai| eka ghaTaka jIva ke Azraya meM asaMkhya jIva palate haiN| vakSa ke ghaTaka bIja meM eka jIva hotA hai| usake Azraya meM patra, puSpa aura phUla ke asaMkhya jIva upajate haiN| bIjAvasthA ke sivAya vanaspati-jIva saMghAtarUpa meM rahate haiN| zleSma-dravya-mizrita sarasoM ke dAne athavA tilapapar3I ke tila eka rUpa bana jAte haiM / taba bhI unakI sattA pRthak-pRthak rahatI hai| pratyeka-vanaspati ke zarIroM ko bhI yahI bAta hai| zarIra kI saMghAta-dazA meM bhI unakI sattA svataMtra rahatI hai| pratyeka vanaspati jIvoM kA parimANa sAdhAraNa-vanaspati jIvoM kI bhAMti pratyeka-vanaspati kA eka-eka jIva lokAkAza ke eka-eka pradeza para rakhA jAe to aise asaMkhya loka bana jAeM / yaha loka asaMkhya AkAza-pradeza vAlA hai, aise asaMkhya lokoM ke jitane AkAza pradeza hote haiM, utane pratyekazarIrI vanaspati jIva haiN| krama-vikAsavAda ke mUla sUtra DArvina kA siddhAMta cAra mAnyatAoM para AdhArita hai1. pitR niyama-samAna meM se samAna saMtati kI utpatti / 2. parivartana kA niyama-nizcita dazA meM sadA parivartana

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13 vizva : vikAsa aura hrAsa hotA hai, kintu vaha usake viruddha nahIM hotA / vaha (parivartana) sadA Age bar3hatA hai, pIche nahIM htttaa| usase unnati hotI hai, avanati nahIM hotii| 3. adhika utpatti kA niyama-yaha jIvana-saMgrAma kA niyama hai| adhika hote haiM, vahAM paraspara saMgharSa hote haiN| yaha astitva ko banAye rakhane kI lar3AI hai| 4. yogya vijaya-astitva kI laDAI meM jo yogya hotA hai, vijaya usI ke hAtha meM AtI hai| svAbhAvika cunAva meM yogya ko hI avasara milatA hai| prakArAntara se isakA vargIkaraNa yoM bhI ho sakatA hai1. svataH parivartana / 2. vaMza-paramparA dvArA agalI pIDhI meM parivartana / 3. jIvana-saMgharSa meM yogyatama kA zeSa rhnaa| isake anusAra pitA-mAtA ke ajita guNa saMtAna meM saMkrAMta hote haiN| ve hI guNa vaMzAnukrama se pIr3hI-dara-pIr3hI dhIre-dhIre upasthita hokara sUdIrgha kAla meM suspaSTa AkAra dhAraNa karake eka jAti se dUsarI abhinava jAti utpanna kara dete haiN| DAvina ke matAnusAra pitA-mAtA ke pratyeka aMga se sUkSmakalA yA avayava nikala kara zukra aura zoNita meM saMcita hote haiN| zukra aura zoNita se saMtAna kA zarIra banatA hai| ataeva pitA-mAtA ke upAjita guNa saMtAna meM saMkrAMta hote haiN| isameM satyAMza hai, kintu vastusthita kA yathArtha citraNa nhiiN| eka saMtati meM svataH buddhigamya kAraNoM ke binA bhI parivartana hotA hai / usa para mAtA-pitA kA bhI prabhAva par3atA hai| jIvana-saMgrAma meM yogyatama vijayI hotA hai, yaha saca hai, kintu yaha adhika saca hai ki parivartana kI bhI eka sImA hai| vaha samAnajAtIya hotA hai, vijAtIya nhiiN| dravya kI sattA kA atikrama nahIM hotA, maulika guNoM kA nAza nahIM hotaa| vikAsa yA nayI jAti utpanna hone kA artha hai ki sthitiyoM meM parivartana ho, vaha ho sakatA hai| kintu tiryaJca, pazu, pakSI yA jala-jaMtu Adi se manuSya-jAti kI utpatti nahIM ho sktii| prANiyoM kI maulika jAtiyAM pAMca hai| ve krama-vikAsa se utpanna nahIM, svataMtra haiM / pAMca jAtiyAM yogyatA kI dRSTi se kramaza:

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14 jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA vikasita haiM / kiMtu pUrva-yogyatA se uttara yogyatA sRSTa yA vikasita huI, aisA nahIM | paMcendriya prANI kI deha se paMcendriya prANI utpanna hotA hai / vaha paMcendriya jJAna kA vikAsa pitA se nyUna yA adhika pA sakatA hai / para yaha nahIM ho sakatA ki vaha kisI caturindriya se utpanna ho jAe yA kisI caturindriya ko utpanna kara de / sajAtIya se utpanna honA aura sajAtIya ko utpanna karanA, yaha garbhaja prANiyoM kI nizcita maryAdA hai / vikAsavAda jAti vikAsa nahIM, kiMtu jAti- viparyAsa mAnatA hai / usake anusAra isa vizva meM kucha vizuddha tapta padArtha cAroM ora bhare par3e the, jinakI gati aura uSNatA meM kramaza: kamI hote hue, bAda meM unameM se sarva grahoM aura hamArI isa pRthvI kI bhI utpatti huI / isI prakAra jaise-jaise hamArI yaha pRthvI ThaMDI hone lagI, vaise-vaise isa vAyu - jalAdi kI utpatti huI aura usake bAda vanaspati kI utpatti huI / udbhid-rAjya huA / usase jIva-rAjya huA / jIva-rAjya kA vikAsakrama isa prakAra mAnA jAtA hai - pahale sarIsRpa hue, phira pakSI, pazu, bandara aura manuSya hue / DArvina ke isa vilambita 'krama -vikAsa-prasarpaNavAda' ko vikhyAta prANI tattvavettA DI0 brAisa ne sAMdhya - primaroja ( isa per3a kA thor3A-sA cArA haoNlaiNDa se lAyA jAkara anya dezoM kI miTTI meM lagAyA gayA / isase akasmAt do nayI zreNiyoM kA udaya huA) ke udAharaNa se asiddha ThaharAkara 'plutasaJcAravAda' ko mAnya ThaharAyA hai, jisakA artha hai ki eka jAti se dUsarI upajAti kA janma Akasmika hotA hai, kramika nahIM / vijJAna kA sRSTi - krama asat se sat ( utpAdavAda yA ahetukavAda ) hai | yaha vizva kaba, kyoM aura kaise utpanna huA, isakA AnumAnika kalpanAoM ke atirikta koI nizcita pramANa nahIM milatA / DArvina ne sirpha zArIrika vivartana ke AdhAra para kramavikAsa kA siddhAMta sthira kiyA / zArIrika vivartana meM varNabheda, saMhanana ( asthi - racanA) bheda, saMsthAna ( AkRti - racanA ) bheda, lambAI-caur3AI kA tAratamya, aise-aise aura bhI sUkSma - sthUla bheda ho sakate haiM / ye pahale bhI huA karate the aura Aja bhI hote haiM / ye deza, kAla, paristhiti ke bheda se kisI vizeSa prayoga ke binA bhI ho sakate

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vizva : vikAsa aura hAsa 15 hai / aura vizeSa prayoga ke dvArA bhI / 1671 I0 meM bher3oM ke jhuNDa meM akasmAt eka nayI jAti utpanna ho gaI / unheM Ajakala 'anekana ' bher3a kahA jAtA hai / yaha jAti - maryAdA ke anukUla parivartana hai jo yadA-kadA yatkiMcit sAmagrI se huA karatA hai / prAyogika parivartana ke nita naye udAharaNa vijJAna jagat prastuta karatA hI rahatA hai / 1 abhinava jAti kI utpatti kA siddhAnta eka jAti meM aneka vyakti prApta bhinnatAoM kI bahulatA ke AdhAra para svIkRta huA hai / utpatti sthAna aura kulakoTi kI bhinnatA se pratyeka jAti meM bhedabAhulya hotA hai / una avAMtara bhedoM ke AdhAra para maulika jAti kI sRSTi nahIM hotI / eka jAti usase maulika bheda vAlI jAti ko janma dene meM samartha nahIM hotI / jo jIva jisa jAti meM janma letA hai, vaha usa jAti meM prApta guNoM kA vikAsa kara sakatA hai / jAti ke vibhAjaka niyamoM kA atikramaNa nahIM ho sktaa| isI prakAra jo jIva sva-arjita karma - pudgaloM ko preraNA se jisa jAti meM janma letA hai, usI (jAti) ke AdhAra para usake zarIra saMhanana, saMsthAna, jJAna Adi kA nirNaya kiyA jA sakatA hai, anyathA nahIM / bAharI sthitiyoM kA prANiyoM para prabhAva hotA hai| kiMtu unakI AnuvaMzikatA meM ve parivartana nahIM lA sakatIM / pro0 DArliMgaTana ke anusAra - "jIvoM kI bAharI paristhitiyAM pratyakSa rUpa se unake vikAsa krama ko pUrNatayA nizcita nahIM krtiiN| isase yaha sAbita huA ki mArksa ne apane aura DArvina ke matoM meM jo samAnAMtaratA pAyI thI, vaha bahuta sthAyI aura dUragAmI nahIM thI / vibhinna svabhAvoM vAle mAnava prANiyoM ke zarIra meM bAhya aura AMtarika bhautika- prabheda maujUda hote haiM / unake bhItara ke bhautika - prabheda ke AdhAra ko hI jAnuvaMzika yA janmajAta kahA jAtA hai / isa bhautika AMtarika prabheda ke AdhAroM kA bheda hI vyaktiyoM, jAtiyoM aura vargoM ke bhedoM kA kAraNa hotA hai / ye saba bheda bAharI avayavoM meM hone vAle parivartanoM ke hI pariNAma haiN| inheM jIvadhArI deha ke pahaluoM ke sivAya bAharI zakti naSTa nahIM kara sakatI / AnuvaMzikatA ke isa asara ko acche bhojana, zikSA athavA sarakAra ke kisI bhI kArya se cAhe vaha kitanA hI udAra yA krUra kyoM na ho,

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA sudhAra yA unnata karanA kaThina hai| AnuvaMzikatA ke prabhAva ko isa naye AviSkAra ke bAda 'jeneTiksa kA vijJAna' kahA gyaa| hameM do zreNI ke prANI dikhAI dete haiN| eka zreNI ke garbhaja haiM, jo mAtA-pitA ke zoNita, raja aura zukra-bindu ke mela se utpanna hote haiN| dUsarI zreNI ke sammUcchima haiM jo garbhAdhAna ke binA sva-anukUla sAmagrI ke sAnnidhya-mAtra se utpanna ho jAte haiN| ekendriya se caturindriya taka ke jIva sammUcchima aura tiryaJca jAti ke hI hote haiN| paMcendriya jIva sammacchima aura garbhaja donoM prakAra ke hote hai / ina donoM (sammUcchima aura garbhaja paMcendriya) kI do jAtiyAM haiM (1) tiryaJca, (2) manuSya' / tiryaJca jAti ke mukhya prakAra tIna haiM1. jalacara-matsya Adi / 2. sthalacara--gAya, bhaiMsa Adi / (ka) uraparisarpa--reMgane vAle prANI-sAMpa Adi / (kha) bhujaparisarpa-bhujA ke bala para calane vAle prANInevalA aadi| 3. khecr-pkssii| sammUcchima jIvoM kA jAti-vibhAga gabha-vyutkrAMta jIvoM ke jAti-vibhAga jaisA suspaSTa aura saMbaddha nahIM hotaa| AkRti-parivartana aura avayavoM kI nyUnAdhikatA ke AdhAra para jAti-vikAsa kI jo kalpanA hai, vaha aupacArika hai, tAttvika nhiiN| seva ke vRkSa kI lagabhaga do hajAra jAtiyAM mAnI jAtI haiN| bhinna-bhinna dezoM kI miTTI meM boyA haA bIja bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke paudhoM ke rUpa meM pariNata hotA hai| unake phUloM aura phaloM meM varNa, gaMdha, rasa Adi kA aMtara bhI A jAtA hai| 'kalama' ke dvArA bhI vRkSoM meM Akasmika parivartana kiyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra tiryaJca aura manuSya ke zarIra para bhI vibhinna paristhatiyoM kA prabhAva par3atA hai| zIta-pradhAna deza meM manuSya kA raMga zveta hotA hai, uSNa-pradhAna deza meM zyAma / yaha parivartana maulika nahIM hai| vaijJAnika prayogoM ke 1. manuSya ke mala, mUtra, lahU Adi azuci-sthAna meM utpanna hone vAle paMcendriya jIva sammUcchima manuSya kahalAte haiM /

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vizva : vikAsa aura hrAsa dvArA aupacArika parivartana ke udAharaNa prastuta kie gae haiN| maulika parivartana prayoga-siddha nahIM haiN| isalie jAtigata aupacArika parivartana ke AdhAra para krama-vikAsa kI dhAraNA mUlyavAn nahIM bana sktii| zArIrika parivartana kA hrAsa yA ulTA krama pAripAzvika vAtAvaraNa yA bAharI sthitiyoM ke kAraNa jaise vikAsa yA pragati hotI hai, vaise hI unake badalane para hrAsa yA pUrvagati bhI hotI hai| isa dizA meM sabase Azcaryajanaka prayoga hai-myUnikha kI jaMtuzAlA ke DAirekTara zrI hijaheka ke, jinhoMne vikAsavAda kI gAr3I hI Age se pIche kI ora Dhakela dI hai aura aise ghor3e paidA kiye haiM, jaise ki pandraha hajAra varSa pUrva hote the| prAgaitihAsika yuga ke ina ghor3oM ko itihAsakAra 'Tarapana' kahate haiN| __isase jAnA jAtA hai ki zarIra, saMhanana, saMsthAna aura raMga kA parivartana hotA hai| usase eka jAti ke aneka rUpa bana jAte haiM, kintu mUlabhUta jAti nahIM bdltii| do jAti ke prANiyoM ke saMgama se tIsarI eka nayI jAti paidA hotI hai| usa mizra jAti meM donoM ke svabhAva milate haiM, kintu yaha bhI zArIrika bheda vAlI upajAti hai| Atmika jJAnakRta jaise aindriyika aura mAnasika zakti kA bheda unameM nahIM hotaa| jAti-bheda kA mUla kAraNa hai-Atmika vikAsa / indriyAM, spaSTa bhASA aura mana, inakA parivartana mizraNa aura kAla-krama se nahIM hotaa| eka strI ke garbha meM 'garbha-pratibimba' paidA hotA hai, jisake rUpa bhinnabhinna prakAra ke ho sakate haiN| AkRti-bheda kI samasyA jAti-bheda meM maulika nahIM hai| prabhAva ke nimitta eka prANI para mAtA-pitA kA, AsapAsa ke vAtAvaraNa kA, deza-kAla kI sImA kA, khAna-pAna kA aura grahoM-upagrahoM kA anukUla-pratikUla prabhAva par3atA hai, isameM koI sandeha nhiiN| isake jo nimitta haiM, una para jaina-dRSTi kA kyA nirNaya hai-yaha thor3e meM jAnanA hai| prabhAvita sthitiyoM ko vargIkRta kara hama do mAna leM

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janadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA zarIra aura buddhi / ye sAre nimitta ina donoM ko prabhAvita karate pratyeka prANI AtmA aura zarIra kA eka saMyukta rUpa hotA hai| pratyeka prANI ko Atmika zakti kA vikAsa aura usakI abhivyakti ke nimittabhUta zArIrika sAdhana upalabdha hote haiN| _AtmA sUkSma zarIra kA pravartaka hai aura sUkSma zarIra sthUla zarIra kaa| bAharI sthitiyAM sthUla zarIra ko prabhAvita karatI haiM, sthUla zarIra sUkSma zarIra ko aura sUkSma zarIra AtmA ko-indriya, mana yA cetana vRttiyoM ko| ___ zarIra paudgalika hote haiM- sUkSma zarIra sUkSma vargaNAoM kA hotA hai aura sthUla zarIra sthUla vargaNAoM kaa| 1. AnuvaMzika samAnatA kA kAraNa hai-vargaNA kA sAmya / janma ke AraMbha kAla meM jIva jo AhAra letA hai, vaha usake jIvana kA mUla AdhAra hotA hai| ve vargaNAeM mAtR-pitR sAtmya hotI haiM, isalie mAtA aura pitA kA usa para prabhAva hotA hai| santAna ke zarIra meM 1. mAMsa, 2. rakta aura 3. mastUlaMga, (bhejA)-ye tIna aMga mAtA ke aura 1. hADa, 2. majjA aura 3. keza-dADhI, roma aura nakha -ye tIna aMga pitA ke hote haiM / vargaNAoM kA sAmya hone para bhI AMtarika yogyatA samAna nahIM hotii| isalie mAtA-pitA se putra kI ruci, svabhAva yogyatA bhinna bhI hotI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki mAtA-pitA ke guNa-doSoM kA saMtAna ke svAsthya para jitanA prabhAva par3atA hai, utanA buddhi para nahIM pdd'taa| 2 vAtAvaraNa bhI paudgalika hotA hai| pudgala pudgala para asara DAlate haiM / zarIra, bhASA aura mana vargaNAoM ke anukUla vAtAvaraNa kI vargaNAeM hotI haiM, una para unakA anukUla prabhAva hotA hai aura pratikUla dazA meM pratikUla / Atmika zakti vizeSa jAgRta ho to isameM apavAda bhI ho sakatA hai| mAnasika zakti vargaNAoM meM parivartana lA sakatI hai / kahA bhI hai "cittAyattaM dhAtubaddhaM zarIraM, svasthe citte buddhayaH prasphuranti / tasmAccittaM sarvathA rakSaNIyaM, titte naSTe buddhayo yAMti nAzam // " -yaha dhAtubaddha zarIra citta ke adhIna hai| svastha citta meM buddhi kI sphuraNA hotI hai / isalie citta ko svastha rakhanA caahie|

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vizva : vikAsa aura hAsa citta naSTa hone para buddhi naSTa ho jAtI hai / isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki pavitra aura balavAn mana pavitra vargaNAoM ko grahaNa karatA hai, isalie burI vargaNAeM zarIra para bhI burA asara nahIM DAla sakatIM / 3. khAna-pAna aura auSadhi kA asara bhI bhinna-bhinna prANiyoM para bhinna-bhinna prakAra kA hotA hai / isakA kAraNa bhI unake zarIra kI bhinna vargaNAeM haiN| vargaNAoM ke varNa, gaMdha, rasa aura sparza meM ananta prakAra kA vaicitrya aura taratamabhAva hotA hai / eka hI rasa do vyakti do prakAra anubhava karate haiM / yaha unakA buddhi doSa yA anubhava zakti kA doSa nahIM, kiMtu isa bheda kA AdhAra unakI vibhinna vargaNAeM haiN| alaga-alaga paristhiti meM eka hI vyakti ko isa bheda kA zikAra honA par3atA hai / 19 khAna-pAna, auSadhi Adi kA zarIra ke avayavoM para asara hotA hai / zarIra ke avayava indriya, mana aura bhASA ke sAdhana hote haiM, isalie jIva kI pravRtti ke ye bhI paraspara kAraNa banate hai / ye bAharI vargaNAeM AMtarika yogyatA ko sudhAra yA bigAr3a nahIM sakatIM aura na bar3hA-ghaTA bhI sakatI haiM / kintu jIva kI Antarika yogyatA kI sAdhanabhUta Antarika vargaNAoM meM sudhAra yA bigAr3a lA sakatI haiM / yaha sthiti donoM prakAra kI vargaNAoM ke balAbala para nirbhara hai / 4. graha- upagraha se jo razmiyAM nikalatI haiM, unakA bhI zArIrika vargaNAoM ke anusAra anukUla yA pratikUla prabhAva hotA hai / vibhinna raMgoM ke zIzoM dvArA sUrya razmiyoM ko ekatrita kara zarIra para DAlA jAe to svAsthya yA mana para unakI vibhinna prakriyAeM hotI haiM / saMgaThita dazA meM hameM tatkAla unakA asara mAlUma par3atA hai / asaMgaThita dazA aura sUkSma rUpa meM unakA jo asara hamAre Upara hotA hai, use hama pakar3a nahIM sakate / jyotirvidyA meM ulkA kI aura yoga vidyA meM vividha raMgoM kI pratikriyA bhI unakI razmiyoM ke prabhAva se hotI hai / yaha bAharI asara hai / apanI AMtarika vRttiyoM kA bhI apane para prabhAva par3atA hai| dhyAna yA mAnasika ekAgratA se caMcalatA kI kamI hotI hai, Atma-zakti kA vikAsa hotA hai / mana kI caMcalatA

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA se jo zakti bikhara jAtI hai, vaha dhyAna se kendrita hotI hai| isalie Atma-vikAsa meM managupti, vacanagupti aura kAyagupti kA bar3A mahattva hai| ___ mAnasika aniSTa cintana se pratikUla vargaNAeM gRhIta hotI haiM, unakA svAsthya para hAnijanaka prabhAva hotA hai| prasanna dazA meM anu kUla vargaNAeM anukUla prabhAva DAlatI haiN| krodha Adi vargaNAoM kI bhI aisI hI sthiti hai| ye vargaNAeM samUce loka meM bharI par3I haiN| inakI banAvaTa alaga-alaga DhaMga kI hotI hai aura usake anusAra hI ye nimitta banatI haiN|

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jIvana-nirmANa saMsAra kA hetu ___ jIva kI vaibhAvika dazA kA nAma saMsAra hai| saMsAra kA mUla karma hai| karma ke mUla rAga-dveSa haiN| jIva kI asaMyamamaya pravRtti rAgamUlaka yA dveSamUlaka hotI hai| use samajhA jA sake yA nahIM, yaha dUsarI bAta hai| jIva ko phaMsAnevAlA dUsarA koI nahIM / jIva bhI karma-jAla ko apanI hI ajJAna-dazA aura AzA-vAMchA se raca letA hai| karma vyakti rUpa se anAdi nahIM hai, pravAha rUpa se anAdi hai| karma kA pravAha kaba se calA, isako Adi nahIM hai| jaba se jIva hai taba se karma hai| donoM anAdi haiN| anAdi kA Arambha na hotA hai aura na batAyA jA sakatA hai| eka-eka karma kI apekSA saba karmoM kI nizcita avadhi hotI hai| paripAka-kAla ke bAda ve jIva se vilaga ho jAte haiM / ataeva AtmA kI karma-mukti meM koI bAdhA nahIM aatii| Atma-saMyama se naye karma cipakane banda ho jAte haiN| pahale cipake hue karma tapasyA ke dvArA dhIme-dhIme nirjIrNa ho jAte haiM; naye karmoM kA bandha nahIM hotA, purAne karma TUTa jAte haiN| taba vaha anAdi pravAha ruka jAtA hai-AtmA mukta ho jAtI hai / yaha prakriyA AtmasAdhakoM kI hai| Atma-sAdhanA se vimukha rahane vAle naye-naye karmoM kA saMcaya karate haiN| usI ke dvArA unheM janma-mRtyu ke avirala pravAha meM bahanA par3atA hai| sUkSma zarIra sUkSma zarIra do haiM-taijasa aura kaarmnn| taijasa zarIra tejasa paramANuoM se banA huA vidyut zarIra hai| isase sthUla zarIra meM sakriyatA, pAcana, dIpti aura teja banA rahatA hai| kArmaNa zarIra sukha-duHkha ke nimitta banane vAle karma-aNuoM ke samUha se banatA hai| yahI zeSa saba zarIroM ke janma-maraNa kI paraMparA kA mUla kAraNa hotA hai| isase chuTakArA pAe binA jIva apanI asalI dazA meM nahIM pahuMca paataa|

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22 garbha jaina darzana meM tattva-mImAMsA prANI kI utpatti kA pahalA rUpa dUsare meM chipA hotA hai, isalie usa dazA kA nAma 'garbha' ho gayA / jIvana kA antima chora jaise mauta hai, vaise usakA Adi chora garbha hai / mauta ke bAda kyA hogA - yaha jaise ajJAta rahatA hai, vaise hI garbha se pahale kyA thA-- yaha ajJAta rahatA hai / una donoM ke bAre meM vivAda hai / garbha pratyakSa hai, isalie yaha nirvivAda hai / I mauta kSaNa bhara ke lie AtI hai / garbha mahInoM taka calatA hai isalie jaise mauta antima dazA kA pratinidhitva karatI hai, vaise garbha jIvana ke AraMbha kA pUrA pratinidhitva nahIM karatA, isalie prAraMbhika dazA kA pratinidhi zabda aura cunanA pdd'aa| vaha hai - ' janma' | 'janma' ThIka jIvana kI Adi rekhA kA artha detA hai / jo prANI hai, vaha janma lekara hI hamAre sAmane AtA hai / janma kI praNAlI saba prANiyoM kI eka nahIM hai / bhinna-bhinna prANI bhinna-bhinna DhaMga se janma lete haiM / eka baccA mAM ke peTa meM janma letA hai aura paudhA miTTI meM / bacce kI janma prakriyA paudhe kI prakriyA se bhinna hai / baccA strI aura puruSa ke raja tathA vIrya ke saMyoga se utpanna hotA hai| paudhA bIja se paidA ho jAtA hai / isa prakriyA bheda ke AdhAra para jaina Agama janma ke do vibhAga karate haiM - garbha aura sammUrcchana / strI-puruSa ke saMyoga se hone vAle janma ko garbha aura unake saMyoga nirapekSa janma ko sammUrcchana kahA jAtA hai / sAdhAraNatayA utpatti aura abhivyakti ke lie garbha zabda kA prayoga saba jIvoM ke lie hotA hai / sthAnAMga meM bAdaloM ke garbha batalAe haiM / kintu janma-bheda kI prakriyA ke prasaMga meM 'garbha' kA ukta vizeSa artha meM prayoga huA hai / caitanya - vikAsa kI dRSTi se bhI 'garbha' ko vizeSa artha meM rUr3ha karanA Avazyaka hai / ekendriya dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya aura mAtApitA ke saMyoga nirapekSa janma pAne vAle prANI vargoM meM mAnasika vikAsa nahIM hotA hai| mAtA-pitA ke saMyoga se janma pAne vAle jIvoM meM mAnasika vikAsa hotA hai / isa dRSTi se samanaska jIva kI janma prakriyA garbha aura amanaska jIvoM kI janma prakriyA 'sammUrchana ' - aisA vibhAga karanA Avazyaka thA / janma vibhAga ke AdhAra para caitanya vikAsa kA siddhAMta sthira hotA hai - garbhaja samanaska

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jIvana-nirmANa 23 aura sammUrcchana amanaska / garbhaja jIvoM ke manuSya aura paMcendriya tiryaMca-ye do varga haiM / mAnuSI garbha ke cAra vikalpa haiM-strI, puruSa, napuMsaka aura bimba / oja kI mAtrA adhika, vIrya kI mAtrA alpa, taba strI hotI hai| oja alpa aura vIrya adhika taba puruSa hotA hai| donoM ke tulya hone para napuMsaka hotA hai| vAyu ke doSa se oja garbhAzaya meM sthira ho jAtA hai, usakA nAma 'bimba' hai| vaha garbha nahIM, kintu garbha kA AkAra hotA hai| vaha Artava kI nirjIva pariNati hotI hai| ye nirjIva bimba jaise manuSya-jAti meM hote haiM, vaise hI pazu-pakSI jAti meM bhI hote haiM / nirjIva aNDe jo Aja kala pracura mAtrA meM paidA kiye jAte haiM, unakI yahI prakriyA ho sakatI hai| garbhAdhAna kI kRtrima paddhati garbhAdhAna kI svAbhAvika paddhati strI-puruSa kA saMyoga hai| kRtrima rIti se bhI garbhAdhAna ho sakatA hai| 'sthAnAMga' meM usake pAMca kAraNa batalAe haiN| una sabakA sAra kRtrima rIti se vIryaprakSepa hai| garbhAdhAna ke lie mukhya bAta vIrya aura Artava ke saMyoga kI hai| usakI vidhi svAbhAvika aura kRtrima-donoM prakAra kI ho sakatI hai| garbha kI sthiti tiryaJca kI garbha-sthiti jaghanya antar-muhUrta aura utkRSTa ATha varSa kI hai| manuSya kI garbha-sthiti jaghanya antar-muhUrta aura utkRSTa bAraha varSa kI hai| kAyabhavastha kI garbha-sthiti jaghanya aMtaramuharta aura utkRSTa caubIsa varSa kI hai| garbha meM bAraha varSa bitA kara mara jAtA hai aura phira janma lekara aura bAraha varSa vahAM rahatA hai| isa prakAra kAya-bhavastha adhika se adhika caubIsa varSa taka garbha meM raha jAtA hai| yonibhUta vIrya kI sthiti jaghanya aMtara-muhUrta aura utkRSTa bAraha muhUrta kI hotI hai| garbha saMkhyA eka strI ke garbha meM eka-do yAvat nau lAkha taka jIva utpanna ho sakate haiN| kiMtu ve saba niSpanna nahIM hote| adhikAMza niSpanna hue binA hI mara jAte hai|

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mAmAMsA garbha praveza kI sthiti gautama ne pUchA--..'bhagavan ! jIva garbha meM praveza karate samaya sa-indriya hotA hai athavA ana-indriya ?' bhagavAn ne kahA- 'gautama ! sa-indriya bhI hotA hai aura ana-indriya bhii| ___ gautama ne phira pUchA-'yaha kaise, bhagavan ?' bhagavAn ne uttara diyA-'dravya-indriya kI apekSA se vaha ana-indriya hotA hai aura bhAva-indriya kI apekSA se sa-indriya / isI prakAra dUsare prazna kA uttara dete hue bhagavAn ne batAyA -~-~~-garbha meM praveza karate samaya jIva sthUla-zarIra (audArika, vaikriya, AhAraka) kI apekSA se a-zarIra aura sUkSma-zarIra (taijasa, kArmaNa) kI apekSA se sa-zarIra hotA hai| gabha meM praveza pAte samaya jIva kA pahalA AhAra oja aura vIrya hotA hai| garbha-praviSTa jIva kA AhAra mAM ke AhAra kA hI sAra-aMza hotA hai| usake kavala-AhAra nahIM hotaa| vaha samUce zarIra se AhAra letA hai aura samUce zarIra se pariNata karatA hai| usake ucchvAsa-niHzvAsa bAra-bAra hote haiN| bAharI sthiti kA prabhAva . garbha meM rahe hue jIva para bAharI sthiti kA AzcaryakArI prabhAva hotA hai / kisI-kisI garbhagata jIva meM vaikriya-zakti (vividha rUpa banAne kA sAmarthya) hotI hai / vaha zatru-sainya ko dekhakara vividha rUpa banA usase lar3atA hai| usameM artha, rAjyabhoga aura kAma kI prabala AkAMkSA utpanna ho jAtI hai| koI-koI dhArmika pravacana suna virakta bana jAtA hai| usakA dharmAnurAga tIvra ho jAtA tIsare prakAra kA janma hai-upapAta / svarga aura naraka meM utpanna hone vAle jIva upapAta janma vAle hote haiN| ve nizcita janmakakSoM meM utpanna hote haiM aura antar-muhUrta meM yuvA bana jAte haiM / janma ke prArambha meM __tIna prakAra se paidA hone vAle prANI apane sthAnoM meM Ate hI sabase pahale AhAra lete haiN| ve sva-prAyogya pudgaloM kA AkarSaNa aura saMgraha karate haiM / sammUrchanaja prANI utpatti-kSetra ke pudgaloM kA

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jIvana-nirmANa AhAra karate haiN| garbhaja prANI kA prathama AhAra raja-vIrya ke aNaoM kA hotA hai / devatA apane-apane sthAna ke pudgaloM kA saMgraha karate haiN| isake anantara hI utpanna prANI paudgalika zaktiyoM kA kramika nirmANa karate haiN| ve chaha haiM--AhAra, zarIra, indriya, zvAsocchvAsa, bhASA aura mana / inheM paryApti kahate haiM / kama se kama cAra paryAptiyAM pratyeka prANI meM hotI haiN| janma loka zAzvata hai| saMsAra anAdi hai| jIva nitya hai| karma kI bahulatA hai| janma-mRtyu kI bahulatA hai, isalie eka paramANa mAtra bhI loka meM aisA sthAna nahIM, jahAM jIva na janmA ho aura na marA ho| ___ 'aisI jAti, yoni, sthAna yA kula nahIM, jahAM jIva aneka bAra yA ananta bAra janma dhAraNa na kara cuke hoN|' jaba taka AtmA karma-mukta nahIM hotI, taba taka usako janmamaraNa kI paraMparA nahIM rukatI / mRtyu ke bAda janma nizcita hai / janma kA artha hai utpanna honaa| saba jIvoM kA utpatti-krama eka-sA nahIM hotaa| aneka jAtiyAM haiM, aneka yoniyAM haiM aura aneka kula haiN| pratyeka prANI ke utpatti-sthAna meM varNa, gaMdha, rasa aura sparza kA kucha na kucha tAratamya hotA hI hai| phira bhI utpatti kI prakriyAeM aneka nahIM haiN| saba prANI tIna prakAra se utpanna hote haiN| ataeva janma ke tIna prakAra batalAe gae haiM-sammUrchana, garbha aura upapAta / jinakA utpatti sthAna niyata nahIM hotA aura jo garbha dhAraNa nahIM karate, una jIvoM kI utpatti ko 'sammUcrchana' kahate haiN| caturindriya taka saba jIva sammUrcchana janma vAle hote haiN| kaI tiryaMca paMcendriya tathA manuSya ke mala-mUtra, zleSma Adi caudaha sthAnoM meM utpanna hone vAle paMcendriya manuSya bhI sammUrchanaja hote haiN| strI-puruSa ke raja-vIrya se jinakI utpatti hotI hai, unake janma kA nAma 'garbha' hai| aNDaja, potaja aura jarAyuja paMcendriya prANI garbhaja hote haiN| jinakA utpatti sthAna niyata hotA hai, unakA janma 'upapAta' kahalAtA hai| deva aura nAraka upapAta-janmA hote haiM / nArakoM ke lie kumbhI (choTe muMha kI kuNDa) aura devatA ke lie zayyAeM niyata hotI haiN| prANI sacitta aura acitta donoM prakAra ke zarIra meM utpanna hote haiN|

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA prANa aura paryApti ___ AhAra, ciMtana, jalpana Adi saba kriyAeM prANa aura paryApti --ina donoM ke sahayoga se hotI haiN| jaise-bolane meM prANI kA AtmIya prayatna hotA hai, vaha prANa hai| usa prayatna ke anusAra jo zakti yogya pudgaloM kA saMgraha karatI hai, vaha bhASA-paryApti hai| AhAra-paryApti aura AyuSya-prANa, zarIra-paryApti aura kAya-prANa, iMdriya-paryApti aura iMdriya-prANa, zvAsocchavAsa paryApti aura zvAsocchvAsa prANa, bhASA-paryApti aura bhASA-prANa, mana-paryApti aura mana-prANa-ye paraspara sApekSa haiN| isase hameM yaha nizcaya hotA hai ki prANiyoM kI zarIra ke mAdhyama se hone vAlI jitanI kriyAeM haiM, ve saba Atma-zakti aura paudgalika zakti-donoM ke pArasparika sahayoga se hI hotI haiN| prANa-zakti - prANI kA jIvana prANa-zakti para avalambita rahatA hai| prANazaktiyAM dasa haiM 1. sparzana-iMdriya-prANa 6. mana-prANa 2. rasana-iMdriya-prANa 7. vacana-prANa 3. ghrANa-iMdriya-prANa / 8. kAya-prANa 4. ckssu-iNdriy-praann| 6. zvAsocchavAsa-prANa 5. zrota-iMdriya-prANa / 10. aayussy-praann| prANa-zaktiyAM saba jIvoM meM samAna nahIM hotiiN| phira bhI kama se kama cAra to pratyeka prANI meM hotI hI haiN| zarIra, zvAsa-ucchavAsa, AyuSya aura sparzana-iMdriya-ina jIvana-zaktiyoM meM jIvana kA maulika AdhAra hai| prANa-zakti aura paryApti kA kArya-kAraNa sambandha hai| jIvana-zakti ko paudgalika zakti kI apekSA rahatI hai| janma ke pahale kSaNa meM prANI kaI paudgalika zaktiyoM kI racanA karatA hai| unake dvArA svayogya pudgaloM kA grahaNa, pariNamana aura utsarjana hotA hai| unakI racanA prANazakti ke anupAta para hotI hai| jisa prANI meM jitanI prANa-zakti kI yogyatA hotI hai, vaha utanI hI paryAptiyoM kA nirmANa kara sakatA hai| paryApti-racanA meM prANI ko antaramuhUrta kA samaya lagatA hai| yadyapi unakI racanA prathama kSaNa meM hI prAraMbha ho jAtI hai, para AhAra

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27 jIvana-nirmANa paryApti ke sivAya zeSa sabhI kI samApti antar-muhUrta se pahale nahIM hotii| svayogya paryAptiyoM kI parisamApti na hone taka jIva aparyApta kahalAte haiM aura usake bAda paryApta / unakI samApti se pUrva hI jinakI mRtyu ho jAtI hai, ve aparyApta kahalAte haiN| yahAM itanA-sA jAnanA Avazyaka hai ki AhAra, zarIra aura iMdriya-ina tIna paryAptiyoM kI pUrNa racanA kie binA koI prANI nahIM mrtaa| jIvoM ke caudaha bheda aura unakA AdhAra jIvoM ke nimnokta caudaha bheda haiMsUkSma ekendriya ke do bheda aparyApta aura paryApta bAdara ekendriya ke do bheda aparyApta aura paryApta dvIndriya ke do bheda aparyApta aura paryApta trIndriya ke do bheda aparyApta aura paryApta caturindriya ke do bheda aparyApta aura paryApta asaMjJI paJcendriya ke do bheda aparyApta aura paryApta saMjJI paJcendriya ke do bheda aparyApta aura paryApta paryApta aura aparyApta kI saMkSipta carcA karane ke bAda aba hameM yaha dekhanA cAhie ki jIvoM ke ina caudaha bhedoM kA mUla AdhAra kyA hai ? paryApta aura aparyApta donoM jIvoM kI avasthAeM haiN| jIvoM kI jo zreNiyAM kI gaI haiM unhIM ke AdhAra para ye caudaha bheda banate haiN| inameM ekendriya jIvoM ke sivAya sUkSma aura bAdara aisA bhedakaraNa aura kisI kA nahIM hai, kyoMki ekendriya ke sivAya aura koI jIva sUkSma nahIM hote| sUkSma kI koTi meM hama una jIvoM ko parigaNita karate haiM, jo samUce loka meM jame hue hote haiM, jinheM agni jalA nahIM sakatI; tIkSNa se tIkSNa zastra cheda nahIM sakate ; jo apanI Ayu se jIte haiM aura apanI mauta se marate haiM, aura jo iMdriyoM dvArA nahIM jAne jAte / prAcIna zAstroM meM 'sarvaM jIvamayaM jagat' isa siddhAMta kI sthApanA huI, vaha inhIM jIvoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara huI hai| kaI bhAratIya dArzanika parama brahma ko jagat-vyApaka mAnate haiM, kaI AtmA ko sarvavyApI mAnate haiM aura jaina-dRSTi ke anusAra ina sUkSma jIvoM se samUcA loka vyApta hai| sabakA tAtparya yahI hai ki cetanA-sattA loka ke saba bhAgoM meM hai| kaI kRmi, kITa sUkSma kahe jAte haiM, kintu vastuta: ve sthUla haiM, ve AMkhoM se dekhe jA sakate haiN| sAdhAraNatayA na

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janadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA dekhe jAeM to sUkSma-darzaka-yantroM se dekhe jA sakate haiN| ataeva unameM sUkSma jIvoM kI koI zreNI nhiiN| bAdara ekendriya ke eka jIva kA eka zarIra hamArI dRSTi kA viSaya nahIM bntaa| hameM jo ekendriya zarIra dIkhate haiM, ve asaMkhya jIvoM ke, asaMkhya zarIroM ke piNDa hote haiM / sacitta miTTI kA eka choTA-sA raja-kaNa, pAnI kI eka bUMda yA agni kI eka cinagArI-ye eka jIva ke zarIra nahIM haiN| inameM se pratyeka meM apanI-apanI jAti ke asaMkhya jIva hote haiM aura unake asaMkhya zarIra piNDIbhUta hue rahate haiM tathA usa dazA meM dRSTi keviSaya bhI banate haiM isalie ve bAdara haiN| sAdhAraNa vanaspati ke eka, do, tIna yA cAra jIvoM kA zarIra nahIM dIkhatA, kyoMki unameM se ekaeka jIva meM zarIra-niSpAdana kI zakti nahIM hotii| ve ananta jIva milakara eka zarIra kA nirmANa karate haiN| isalie ananta jIvoM ke zarIra sthUla-pariNatimAna hone ke kAraNa dRSTi-gocara hote haiN| isa prakAra ekendriya ke sUkSma-aparyApta aura paryApta, bAdara-aparyApta aura paryApta ye cAra bheda hote haiN| isake bAda caturindriya taka ke saba jIvoM ke do-do bheda hote haiN| paMcendriyaM jIvoM ke cAra vibhAga haiN| jaise ekendriya jIvoM kI sUkSma aura bAdara---ye do pramukha zreNiyAM haiM, vaise paMcendriya jIva samanaska aura amanaska-ina do bhAgoM meM baMTe hae haiN| cAra iMdriya taka ke saba jIva amanaska hote haiN| isalie mana kI labdhi yA anupalabdhi ke AdhAra para unakA koI vibhAjana nahIM hotaa| sammUrcchanaja paMcendriya jIvoM ke koI mana nahIM hotaa| garbhaja aura upapAtaja paMcendriya jIva samanaska hote hai| ataeva asaMjJI-paMcendriya aparyApta aura paryApta, saMjJI-paMcendriya aparyApta aura paryApti-ye cAra bheda hote haiM / saMsAra ke prANI mAtra ina caudaha vargoM meM samA jAte haiN| isa vargIkaraNa se hameM jIvoM ke kramika vikAsa kA bhI patA calatA hai| eka indriya vAle jIvoM se do iMdriya vAle jIva, do iMdriya vAloM se tIna iMdriya vAle jIva isa prakAra kramazaH pUrva zreNI ke jIvoM se uttara zreNI ke jIva adhika vikasita haiN| indriya-jJAna aura pAMca jAtiyAM iMdriya-jJAna parokSa hai| isalie parokSa-jJAnI ko paudgalika iMdriya kI apekSA rahatI hai| kisI manuSya kI AMkha phUTa jAtI hai,

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jIvana-nirmANa phira bhI vaha caturindriya nahIM hotaa| usakI darzana-zakti kahIM nahIM jAtI kintu AMkha ke abhAva meM usakA upayoga nahIM hotA / AMkha meM vikAra hotA hai, dIkhanA banda ho jAtA hai| usakI ucita cikitsA huI, darzana-zakti khula jAtI hai| yaha paudgalika iMdriya (cakSu) ke sahayoga kA pariNAma hai| kaI prANiyoM meM sahAyaka iMdriyoM ke binA bhI usake jJAna kA AbhAsa milatA hai, kiMtu vaha unake hone para jitanA spaSTa hotA hai, utanA spaSTa unake abhAva meM nahIM hotaa| vanaspati meM rasana Adi pAMcoM iMdriyoM ke cihna milate haiN| unameM bhAvendriya kA pUrNa vikAsa aura sahAyaka iMdriya kA sadbhAva nahIM hotA, isalie ve ekendriya hI kahalAte haiN| ukta vivecana se do niSkarSa nikalate haiN| pahalA yaha ki iMdriya-jJAna cetana-iMdriya aura jar3a-iMdriya donoM ke sahayoga se hotA hai phira bhI jahAM taka jJAna kA sambandha hai, usameM cetana-iMdriya kI pradhAnatA hai| dUsarA niSkarSa yaha hai ki prANiyoM kI ekeMdriya, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya aura paMcendriya-ye pAMca jAtiyAM banane meM donoM prakAra kI iMdriyAM kAraNa haiM phira bhI yahAM dravyendriya kI pramukhatA hai| ekeMdriya ke atirikta bhAvendriya ke cihna milane para bhI ve zeSa bAhya iMdriyoM ke abhAva meM paMcendriya nahIM khlaate| mAnasa jJAna aura saMjJI-asaMjJI iMdriya ke bAda mana kA sthAna hai| yaha bhI parokSa hai| paudgalika mana ke binA isakA upayoga nahIM hotaa| iMdriya-jJAna se isakA sthAna UMcA hai| pratyeka iMdriya kA apanA-apanA viSaya niyata hotA hai, mana kA viSaya aniyt| yaha saba viSayoM ko grahaNa karatA hai| iMdriya-jJAna vArtamAnika hotA hai, mAnasa-jJAna traikAlika / iMdriya-jJAna meM tarka-vitarka nahIM hotA, mAnasa-jJAna AlocanAtmaka hotA hai| mAnasa-pravatti kA pramukha sAdhana mastiSka hai| kAna kA pardA phaTa jAne para karNedriya kA upayoga nahIM hotA, vaise hI mastiSka kI vikRti ho jAne para mAnasa-zakti kA upayoga nahIM hotaa| mAnasajJAna garbhaja aura upapAtaja paMcendriya prANiyoM ke hI hotA hai| isalie usake dvArA prANI do bhAgoM baTa jAte haiM-saMjJI aura asaMjJI yA samanaska aura amanaska / dvIndriya Adi prANiyoM meM Atma-rakSA

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA kI bhAvanA, iSTa-pravRtti, aniSTa-nivRtti, AhAra, bhaya Adi saMjJAeM, saMkucana, prasaraNa, zabda, palAyana, Agati, gati Adi ceSTAeM hotI haiM- ye mana ke kArya haiM / taba phira ve asaMjJI kyoM ? bAta sahI hai| iSTa-pravRtti aura aniSTa-nivRtti kA saMjJAna mAnasa-jJAna kI paridhi kA hai, phira bhI vaha sAmAnya hai-nagaNya hai, isalie usase koI prANI saMjJI nahIM bntaa| eka kaur3I bhI dhana hai, para usase koI dhanI nahIM khlaataa| saMjJI vahI hote haiM jinameM dIrghakAlikI saMjJA mile; jo bhUta, vartamAna aura bhaviSya kI jJAna-zRMkhalA ko jor3a ske| indriya aura mana pUrva paMktiyoM meM iMdriya aura mana kA saMkSipta vizleSaNa kiyaa| usase unhIM kA svarUpa spaSTa hotA hai| saMjJI aura asaMjJI ke iMdriya aura mana kA krama spaSTa nahIM hotaa| asaMjJI aura saMjI ke iMdriya-jJAna meM kucha taratama rahatA hai yA nahIM ? mana se usakA kucha sambandha hai yA nahIM ? ise spaSTa karanA cAhie / asaMjJI ke kevala iMdriya-jJAna hotA hai, saMjJI ke iMdriya aura mAnasa donoM jJAna hote haiN| iMdriya-jJAna kI sImA donoM ke lie eka hai| kisI raMga ko dekhakara saMjJI aura asaMjJI cakSu ke dvArA sirpha itanA hI jAneMge ki yaha raMga hai| iMdriya-jJAna meM bhI apAra taratama hotA hai| eka prANI cakSu ke dvArA jise spaSTa jAnatA hai, dUsarA use bahuta spaSTa jAna sakatA hai| phira bhI amuka raMga hai, isase Age nahIM jAnA jA sktaa| use dekhane ke pazcAt, aisA kyoM ? isase kyA lAbha ? yaha sthAyI hai yA asthAyI ? kaise banA ? Adi-Adi prazna yA jijJAsAeM mana kA kArya hai| asaMjJI ke aisI jijJAsAeM nahIM hotiiN| unakA sambandha apratyakSa dharmoM se hotA hai| indriya-jJAna meM pratyakSa dharma se eka sUta bhI Age bar3hane kI kSamatA nahIM hotii| saMjJI jIvoM meM iMdriya aura mana donoM kA upayoga hotA hai| mana iMdriya-jJAna kA sahacArI bhI hotA hai aura usake bAda bhI iMdriya dvArA jAne hue padArtha kI vividha avasthAoM ko jAnatA hai| mana kA manana yA ciMtana svataMtra ho sakatA hai, kintu bAhya viSayoM kA paryAlocana indriya dvArA unake grahaNa hone ke bAda hI hotA hai, isalie saMjJI-jJAna meM ina donoM kA gaharA saMbaMdha

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jIvana-nirmANa jAti-smRti 31 pUrvajanma kI smRti ( jAti - smRti) 'mati' kA hI eka vizeSa prakAra hai / isase pichale nau samanaska jIvanoM kI ghaTanAvaliyAM jAnI sakatI haiM / pUrvajanma meM ghaTita ghaTanA ke samAna ghaTanA ghaTane para vaha pUrva paricita -sI lagatI hai / IhA, apoha, mArgaNA aura gaveSaNA karane se citta kI ekAgratA aura zuddhi hone para pUrvajanma kI smRti utpanna hotI hai / saba samanaska jIvoM ko pUrvajanma kI smRti nahIM hotI, isakI kAraNa mImAMsA karate hue AcArya ne likhA hai"jAyamANassa jaM dukkhaM, maramANassa vA puNo / te dukkheNa saMmUDho, jAi sarai na appaNI ||" vyakti 'mRtyu' aura 'janma' kI vedanA se sammUr3ha ho jAtA hai; isalie sAdhAraNatayA use jAti kI smRti nahIM hotI / eka hI jIvana meM duHkha - vyagradazA ( sammoha - dazA) meM smRti - bhraMza ho jAtA hai, taba vaisI sthiti meM pUrvajanma kI smRti lupta ho jAe, usameM koI Azcarya kI bAta nahIM / pUrvajanma ke smRti-sAdhana mastiSka Adi nahIM hote, phira bhI AtmA ke dRr3ha-saMskAra aura jJAna-bala se usakI smRti ho AtI hai / isalie jJAna do prakAra kA batalAyA hai - isa janma kA jJAna aura agale janma kA jJAna / atIndriyajJAna-yogIjJAna atIndriya jJAna iMdriya aura mana donoM se mahattvapUrNa hai / vaha pratyakSa hai, isalie paudagalika sAdhanoM - zArIrika avayavoM ke sahayoga kI apekSA nahIM hotI / yaha 'AtmamAtrApekSa' hotA hai / hama jo tvacA se chUte haiM, kAnoM se sunate haiM, AMkhoM se dekhate haiM, jIbha se cakhate haiM, vaha vAstavika pratyakSa nahIM / hamArA jJAna zarIra ke vibhinna avayavoM se sambandhita hotA hai, isalie usakI naizcayika satya [ nirapekSa satya ] taka pahuMca nahIM hotI / usakA viSaya kevala vyAvahArika satya [ sApekSa satya ] hotA hai / udAharaNa ke lie sparzana- iMdriya ko liijie| hamAre zarIra kA sAmAnya tApamAna 67 yA 68 DigrI hotA hai / usase kama tApamAna vAlI vastu hamAre lie ThaMDI hogii| jisakA tApamAna hamArI uSmA se adhika hogA, vaha hamAre lie garma hogI / hamArA yaha jJAna svasthiti-sparzI hogA, vastu-sthiti-sparzI nahIM /

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janadarzana meM tattva - mImAMsA 32 isI prakAra pratyeka vastu ke varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza, zabda aura saMsthAna kA jJAna sahAyaka - sAmagrI - sApekSa hotA hai / atIndriya jJAna paristhiti kI apekSA se mukta hotA hai / usakI jJapti meM deza, kAla aura paristhiti kA vyavadhAna yA viparyAsa nahIM AtA, isalie usase vastu ke maulika rUpa kI sahI-sahI jAnakArI milatI hai /

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AtmavAda do pravAha : AtmavAda aura anAtmavAda jJAna kA aMza yatkicit mAtrA meM prANI-mAtra meM milatA hai| manuSya sarvotkRSTa prANI haiN| unameM bauddhika vikAsa adhika hotA hai| buddhi kA kAma hai-socanA, samajhanA, tattva kA anveSaNa karanA / unhoMne socA, samajhA, tattva kA anveSaNa kiyaa| usameM se do vicAra-pravAha nikale-kriyAvAda aura akriyAvAda / AtmA, karma, punarjanma, mokSa para vizvAsa karane vAle 'kriyAvAdI' aura ina para vizvAsa nahIM karanevAle 'akriyAvAdI' khlaae| kriyAvAdI varga ne saMyamapUrvaka jIvana bitAne kA, dharmAcaraNa karane kA upadeza diyA aura akriyAvAdI varga ne sukhapUrvaka jIvana bitAne ko hI paramArtha btlaayaa| kriyAvAdiyoM ne -'zArIrika kaSToM ko samabhAva se sahanA mahAphala hai,''Atmahita kaSTa sahane se sadhatA hai'aise vAkyoM kI racanA kI aura akriyAvAdiyoM ke maMtavya ke AdhAra para-'yAvajjIvet sukhaM jIvet, RNaM kRtvA ghRtaM pibet-jaisI yuktiyoM kA sRjana huaa| kriyAvAdI varga ne kahA- 'jo rAta yA dina calA jAtA hai, vaha phira vApasa nahIM AtA / adharma karane vAle ke rAta-dina niSphala hote haiM, dharmaniSTha vyakti ke ve saphala hote haiN| isalie dharma karane meM eka kSaNa bhI pramAda mata karo, kyoMki yaha jIvana kuza ke noka para TikI haI hima kI baMda ke samAna kSaNabhaMgura hai| yadi isa jIvana ko vyartha gaMvA doge to phira dIrghakAla ke bAda bhI manuSya-janma milanA bar3A durlabha hai / karmoM ke vipAka bar3e nibir3a hote haiN| ataH samajho, tuma kyoM nahIM samajhate ho? aisA sada-viveka bAra-bAra nahIM miltaa| bItI huI rAta phira lauTakara nahIM AtI aura na mAnava-jIvana phira se milanA sulabha hai| jaba taka bur3hApA na satAe, roga gherA na DAle, iMdriyAM zakti-hIna na baneM, taba taka dharma kA AcaraNa kara lo| nahIM to phira mRtyu ke samaya vaise hI pachatAnA hogA, jaise sApha-suthare rAja

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34 jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA mArga ko chor3akara Ubar3a-khAbar3a mArga meM jAne vAlA gAr3IvAna ratha kI dhurI TUTa jAne para pachatAtA hai / ' akriyAvAdiyoM ne kahA---' yaha sabase dRSTa sukhoM ko chor3akara adRSTa sukha ko pAne ye kAmabhoga hAtha meM Ae hue haiM, pratyakSa haiM / jo pIche honevAlA hai, na jAne kaba kyA hogA ? paraloka kisane dekhA hai ? kauna jAnatA hai ki paraloka hai yA nahIM ? jana-samUha kA eka bar3A bhAga sAMsArika sukhoM kA upabhoga karane meM vyasta hai, taba phira hama kyoM na kareM ? jo dUsaroM ko hogA, vahI hamako bhI hogA / he priye ! cintA karane jaisI koI bAta nahIM, khUba khA-pI Ananda kara, jo kucha kara legI, vaha terA hai / mRtyu ke bAda AnA-jAnA kucha bhI nahIM / kucha loga paraloka ke duHkhoM kA varNana kara-kara janatA ko prApta sukhoM se vimukha kie dete haiN| para yaha atAttvika hai / ' bar3I mUrkhatA hai ki loga kI daur3a meM lage haiM / hu kriyAvAda kI vicAradhArA meM vastusthiti spaSTa huii| logoM saMyama sIkhA / tyAga tapasyA ko jIvana meM utArA / akriyAvAda kI vicAra-praNAlI se vastusthiti ojhala rahI / loga bhautika sukhoM kI ora mur3e / kriyAvAdiyoM ne kahA - sukRta aura duSkRta kA phala hotA hai / zubha karmoM kA phala acchA aura azubha karmoM kA phala burA hotA hai / jIva apane pApa evaM puNya karmoM ke sAtha hI paraloka meM utpanna hote haiN| puNya aura pApa donoM kA kSaya hone se asIma Atma-sukhamaya mokSa milatA hai / ' phalasvarUpa logoM meM dharmaruci paidA huI / alpa- icchA, alpaArambha aura alpa - parigraha kA mahattva bar3hA / ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha - inakI upAsanA karane vAlA mahAn samajhA jAne lagA / akriyAvAdiyoM ne kahA - 'sukRta aura duSkRta kA phala nahIM hotA / zubha karmoM ke zubha aura azubha karmoM ke azubha phala nahIM hote / AtmA paraloka meM jAkara utpanna nahIM hotA / ' phalasvarUpa logoM meM sandeha bar3hA / bhautika lAlasA prabala huI / mahA-icchA, mahA-Arambha aura mahA - parigraha kA rAhu jagat para chA gayA /

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AtmavAda kriyAvAdI kI antar-dRSTi 'apane kie karmoM ko bhoge binA chuTakArA nahIM' isa para lagI rahatI hai| vaha jAnatA hai ki karma kA phala bhugatanA hogA, isa janma meM nahIM to agale janma meN| kintu usakA phala cakhe binA mukti nhiiN| isalie yathAsambhava pApakarma se bacA jAe, yahI zreyas hai| antar-dRSTivAlA vyakti mRtyu ke samaya bhI ghabarAtA nahIM, divyAnanda ke sAtha mRtyu kA varaNa karatA akriyAvAdI kA dRSTi-bindu 'hatthAgayA ime kAmA'-ye kAma hAtha meM Ae hue haiM-jaisI bhAvanA para TikA huA hotA hai| vaha socatA hai ki ina bhoga-sAdhanoM kA jitanA adhika upabhoga kiyA jAe, vahI acchA hai / mRtyu ke bAda kucha honA-jAnA nahIM hai| isa prakAra usakA antima lakSya bhautika sukhopabhoga hI hotA hai| vaha karma-bandha se nirapekSa hokara trasa aura sthAvara jIvoM kI sArthaka aura nirarthaka hiMsA karane meM sakucAtA nhiiN| vaha jaba kabhI roga-grasta hotA hai, taba apane kie karmoM ko smaraNa kara pachatAtA hai| paraloka se DaratA bhI hai / anubhava batAtA hai ki marmAntaka roga aura mRtyu ke samaya bar3e-bar3e nAstika kAMpa uThate haiN| ve nAstikatA ko tilAMjali de Astika bana jAte haiM / antakAla meM akriyAvAdI ko yaha sandeha hone lagatA hai- "maiMne sunA ki naraka hai ? jo durAcArI jIvoM kI gati hai, jahAM krUra karmavAle ajJAnI jIvoM ko pragAr3ha vedanA sahanI par3atI hai| yaha kahIM saca to nahIM hai ? agara hai to merI kyA dazA hogI ?" isa prakAra vaha saMkalpa-vikalpa kI dazA meM maratA hai| kriyAvAda kA nirUpaNa yaha rahA ki AtmA ke astitva meM sandeha mata karo / vaha amUrta hai, isalie iMdriyagrAhya nahIM hai| vaha amUrta hai, isalie nitya hai| amUrta padArtha mAtra avibhAgI nitya hote haiN| AtmA nitya hone ke uparAMta bhI svakRta ajJAna Adi doSoM ke bandhana meM bandhA huA hai| vaha bandhana hI saMsAra (janma-maraNa) kA mUla hai| akriyAvAda kA sAra yaha rahA ki yaha loka itanA hI hai, jitanA dRSTigocara hotA hai / isa jagat meM kevala pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza-ye pAMca mahAbhUta hI haiN| inake samudAya se caitanya yA AtmA paidA hotI hai| bhUtoM kA nAza hone para usakA bhI

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA nAza ho jAtA hai| jIvAtmA koI svataMtra padArtha nahIM hai| jisa prakAra araNi kI lakar3I se agni, dUdha se ghI aura tiloM se tela paidA hotA hai, vaise hI paMca bhUtAtmaka zarIra se jIva utpanna hotA hai| zarIra naSTa hone para AtmA jaisI koI vastu nahIM rhtii| ___isa prakAra donoM pravAhoM se jo dhArAeM nikalatI hai, ve hamAre sAmane haiN| hameM inako atha se iti taka parakhanA cAhie, kyoMki inase kevala dArzanika dRSTikoNa hI nahIM banatA, kintu vaiyaktika jIvana se lekara sAmAjika, rASTrIya evaM dhArmika jIvana kI nIMva inhIM para khar3I hotI hai| kriyAvAdI aura akriyAvAdI kA jIvanapatha eka nahIM ho sakatA / kriyAvAdI ke pratyeka kArya meM Atma-zuddhi kA khayAla hogA, jabaki akriyAvAdI ko usakI ciMtA karane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI / Aja bahuta sAre kriyAvAdI bhI hiMsAbahula vicAradhArA meM baha cale haiM / jIvana kI kSaNabhaMguratA ko bisAra kara mahArambha aura mahAparigraha meM phaMse hue haiN| jIvana-vyavahAra meM yaha samajhanA kaThina ho rahA hai ki kauna kriyAvAdI hai aura kauna akriyAvAdI ? akriyAvAdI sadara bhaviSya kI na soceM to koI Azcarya nhiiN| kriyAvAdI AtmA ko bhalA baiThe, Age-pIche na dekheM to kahanA hogA ki ve kevala paribhASA meM kriyAvAdI haiM, sahI artha meM nhiiN| bhaviSya ko socane kA artha vartamAna meM AMkha mUMda lenA nahIM hai ! bhaviSya ko samajhane kA artha hai vartamAna ko sudhAranA / Aja ke jIvana kI sukhamaya sAdhanA hI kala ko sukhamaya banA sakatI hai| viSaya vAsanAoM meM phaMsakara Atma-zuddhi kI upekSA karanA kriyAvAdI ke lie prANaghAta se bhI bhayaMkara hai| use Atma-anveSaNA karanA caahie| AtmA aura paraloka kI anveSaka pariSad ke sadasya sara olivara laoNja ne isa anveSaNa kA mUlyAMkana karate hue likhA hai"hameM bhautika jJAna ke pIche par3akara pArabhautika viSayoM ko nahIM bhUla jAnA caahie| cetana jar3a kA koI guNa nahIM, parantu usameM samAyI huI apane ko pradarzita karanevAlI eka svataMtra sattA hai| prANImAtra ke antargata eka aisI vastu avazya hai jisakA zarIra ke nAza ke sAtha anta nahIM ho jAtA / bhautika aura pArabhautika saMjJAoM ke pArasparika niyama kyA haiM, isa bAta kA patA lagAnA atyanta Avazyaka ho gayA hai|" |

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AtmavAda AtmA kyoM? akriyAvAdI kahate haiM- 'jo padArtha pratyakSa nahIM, use kaise mAnA jAe? AtmA iMdriya aura mana ke pratyakSa nahIM, phira use kyoM mAnA jAe?' kriyAvAdI kahate haiM--padArthoM ko jAnane kA sAdhana kevala iMdriya aura mana kA pratyakSa hI nahIM, inake atirikta anubhavapratyakSa, yogI-pratyakSa, anumAna aura Agama bhI haiN| iMdriya aura mana se kyA-kyA jAnA jAtA hai ? inakI zakti atyanta sImita hai / inase apane do-cAra pIr3hI ke pUrvaja bhI nahIM jAne jAte to kyA unakA astitva bhI na mAnA jAe ? iMdriyAM sirpha sparza, rasa, gaMdha rUpAtmaka mUrta dravya ko jAnatI hai / mana iMdriyoM kA anugAmI hai| vaha unhIM ke dvArA jAne hue padArthoM ke vizeSa rUpoM ko jAnatA hai, ciMtana karatA hai| mUrta ke mAdhyama se vaha amUrta vastuoM ko bhI jAnatA hai| isalie vizvavartI saba padArthoM ko jAnane ke lie iMdriya aura mana para hI nirbhara ho jAnA nitAMta anucita hai / AtmA zabda, rUpa, rasa gaMdha aura sparza nahIM hai / vaha arUpI sattA hai| arUpI tattva iMdriyoM se nahIM jAne jA skte| AtmA amUrta hai, isalie iMdriya ke dvArA na jAnA jAe, isase usake astitva para koI AMca nahIM aatii| iMdriya dvArA arUpI AkAza ko kauna-kaba jAna sakatA hai ? arUpI kI bAta chor3ie, aNu yA ANavika sUkSma padArtha, jo rUpI haiM, ve sabhI korI iMdriyoM se nahIM jAne jA skte| ataH iMdriya-pratyakSa ko ekamAtra pramANa mAnane se koI tathya nahIM nikltaa| anAtmavAda ke anusAra AtmA iMdriya aura mana ke pratyakSa nahIM, isalie vaha nhiiN| adhyAtmavAda ke anusAra AtmA indriya aura mana ke pratyakSa nahIM, isalie vaha nahIM, yaha mAnanA tarka-bAdhita hai, kyoMki vaha amUrtika hai, isalie iMdriya aura mana ke pratyakSa ho hI nahIM sktii| bhAratIya darzana meM AtmA ke sAdhaka tarka kisI bhI bhAratIya vyakti ko Ama ke astitva meM koI saMdeha nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha pratyakSa hai / pratyakSa-siddha vastu ke viSaya meM saMdeha nahIM hotA / jina dezoM meM Ama nahIM hotA, una dezoM kI janatA ke

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38 jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA lie Ama parokSa hai / parokSa vastu ka viSaya meM yA to hamArA jJAna hI nahIM hotA, yadi suna yA par3ha kara jJAna hotA hai to vaha sAdhakabAdhaka tarkoM kI kasauTI se kasA huA hotA hai| sAdhaka pramANa balavAna hote haiM to hama parokSa vastu ke astitva ko svIkAra kara lete haiM, aura bAdhaka pramANa balavAn hote haiM to hama usake astitva ko nakAra dete haiN| ___bhArata meM jaise Ama pratyakSa hai, vaise hI AtmA pratyakSa hotI to bhAratIya darzana kA vikAsa ATha AnA hI huA hotaa| AtmA pratyakSa nahIM hai| usakA citana, maMthana, manana aura darzana bhArata meM itanA huA hai ki AtmavAda bhAratIya darzana kA pradhAna aMga bana gyaa| yahAM anAtmavAdI bhI rahe haiM, kintu AtmavAdiyoM kI tulanA meM ATe meM namaka jitane hI rahe haiM / anAtmavAdiyoM kI saMkhyA bhalehI kama rahI ho, unake tarka kama nahIM rahe haiN| unhoMne samaya-samaya para AtmA ke bAdhaka-tarka prastuta kiye haiN| unake vipakSa meM AtmavAdiyoM dvArA AtmA ke sAdhaka-tarka prastuta kie ge| saMkSepa meM unakA vargIkaraNa isa prakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| 1. sva-saMvedana apane anubhava se AtmA kA astitva siddha hotA hai| 'maiM hUM' 'maiM sukhI hUM', 'maiM du:khI hUM'-yaha anubhava zarIra ko nahIM hotA, kintu use hotA hai jo zarIra se bhinna hai| zaMkarAcArya ke zabdoM meM'sarvopyAtmA'stitva pratyeti na nAhamasmIti'-sabako yaha vizvAsa hotA hai ki 'maiM huuN'| yaha vizvAsa kisI ko nahIM hotA ki 'maiM nahIM 2. atyantAbhAva isa tArkika niyama ke anusAra cetana aura acetana meM traikAlika virodha hai / jaina-AcAryoM ke zabdoM meM 'na kabhI aisA huA hai, na ho rahA hai aura na hogA ki jIva ajIva bana jAe aura ajIva jIva bana jaae|' 3. upAdAna kAraNa isa tArkika niyama ke anusAra jisa vastu kA jaisA upAdAna kAraNa hotA hai, vaha usI rUpa meM pariNata hotI hai| acetana ke upAdAna cetana meM nahIM badala skte|

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AtmavAra 39 4. sat - pratipakSa jisake pratipakSa kA astitva nahIM hai usake astitva ko tArkika samarthana nahIM mila sakatA / yadi cetana nAmaka sattA nahIM hotI to 'na cetana-acetana' - isa acetana sattA kA nAmakaraNa aura dha hI nahIM hotA / 5. bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva - anAtmavAdI - AtmA nahIM hai, kyoMki usakA koI sAdhaka pramANa nahIM milatA / AtmavAdI - AtmA hai kyoMki usakA koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM milatA / 6. sat kA niSedha jIva yadi na ho to usakA niSedha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / asat kA niSedha nahIM hotA / jisakA niSedha hotA hai, vaha astitva meM avazya hotA hai / niSedha cAra prakAra ke haiM1. saMyoga 3. sAmAnya 2. samavAya 4. vizeSa / 'mohana ghara meM nahIM hai' yaha saMyoga pratiSedha hai / isakA artha yaha nahIM ki mohana hai hI nahIM, kintu 'vaha ghara meM nahIM hai' - yaha 'gRha-saMyoga' kA pratiSedha hai / ' kharagoza ke sIMga nahIM hote' - yaha samavAya- pratiSedha hai / kharagoza bhI hotA hai aura sIMga bhI / inakA pratiSedha nahIM hai / vahAM kevala ' kharagoza ke sIMga' - isa samavAya kA pratiSedha hai / 'dUsarA cAMda nahIM hai' isameM candra ke sarvathA abhAva kA pratipAdana nahIM, kintu usake sAmAnya - mAtra kA niSedha hai / 'moto ghar3ejitane bar3e nahIM haiM' - isameM muktA kA abhAva nahIM, kintu 'ghar3e - jitane bar3e' - yaha jo vizeSaNa hai usakA pratiSedha hai / AtmA nahIM hai, isameM AtmA kA niSedha nahIM, kiMtu usakA kisI ke sAtha hone vAle saMyoga kA niSedha hai / 7. indriya- pratyakSa kA vaikalya yadi indriya- pratyakSa nahIM hone mAtra se AtmA kA astitva nakArA jAe to pratyeka sUkSma, vyavahita aura viprakRSTa (dUrastha ) vastu

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA ke astitva kA asvIkAra karanA hogA / indriya-pratyakSa se mUrta tattva kA grahaNa hotA hai / AtmA amUrta tattva hai, isalie iMdriyAM use nahIM jAna paatiiN| isase iMdriya-pratyakSa kA vaikalya siddha hotA hai, AtmA kA anastitva siddha nahIM hotaa| 8. guNa dvArA guNI kA grahaNa caitanya guNa hai aura cetana gunnii| caitanya pratyakSa hai, cetana pratyakSa nahIM hai / parokSa guNI kI sattA pratyakSa guNa se pramANita ho jAtI hai| bhauMhAre meM baiThA Adamo prakAza ko dekhakara sUryodaya kA jJAna kara letA hai| 9. vizeSa guNa dvArA svataMtra astitva kA bodha vastu kA astitva usake vizeSa guNa dvArA siddha hotA hai| svataMtra padArtha vahI hotA hai, jisameM aisA trikAlavartI guNa mile jo kisI dUsare padArtha meM na mile|| AtmA meM caitanya nAmaka vizeSa guNa hai| vaha dUsare kisI bhI padArtha meM prApta nahIM hai, isalie AtmA kA dUsare sabhI padArthoM se svataMtra astitva hai| 10. saMzaya jo yaha socatA hai ki 'maiM nahIM hUM' vahI jIva hai| acetana ko apane astitva ke viSaya meM kabhI saMzaya nahIM hotA / 'yaha hai yA nahIM' -aisI IhA yA vikalpa cetana ke hI hotA hai| sAmane jo lambAcaur3A padArtha dIkha rahA hai, 'vaha khaMbhA hai yA AdamI' yaha vikalpa sacetana vyakti ke hI mana meM uThatA hai| 11. dravya kI kAlikatA jo pahale-pIche nahIM hai, vaha madhya meM nahIM ho sktaa| jIva eka svataMtra dravya hai, vaha yadi pahale na ho aura pIche bhI na ho to vartamAna meM bhI nahIM ho sktaa| 12 saMkalanAtmakatA indriyoM kA apanA-apanA nizcita viSaya hotA hai| eka iMdriya dUsarI iMdriya ke viSaya ko nahIM jAna sakatI / indriyAM hI jJAta hoM, unakA pravartaka AtmA jJAtA na ho to saba indriyoM ke viSayoM kA saMkalanAtmaka jJAna nahIM ho sktaa| phira maiM sparza, rasa, gaMdha, rUpa

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41 aura zabda ko jAnatA hUM, isa prakAra saMkalanAtmaka jJAna kise hogA ? kakar3I ko cabAte samaya sparza, rasa, gaMdha rUpa aura zabda - ina pAMcoM ko jAna rahA hUM, aisA jJAna hotA hai / 13. smRti AtmavAda indriyoM ke naSTa ho jAne para bhI unake dvArA jAne hue viSayoM kI smRti rahatI hai / AMkha se koI vastu dekhI, kAna se koI bAta sunI; saMyogavaza AMkha phUTa gaI aura kAna kA pardA phaTa gayA, phira bhI dRSTi aura zruta kI smRti rahatI hai / saMkalanAtmaka jJAna aura smRti - ye mana ke kArya haiM / mana AtmA ke binA cAlita nahIM hotA / AtmA ke abhAva meM indriya aura mana - donoM niSkriya ho jAte haiM / ataH donoM ke jJAna kA mUla srota AtmA hai / 14. jJeya aura jJAtA kA pRthaktva jJeya iMdriya aura AtmA - ye tInoM bhinna haiM / AtmA grAhaka hai, iMdriyAM grahaNa ke sAdhana haiM aura padArtha grAhya haiM / lohAra saNDAsI se lohapiMDa ko pakar3atA hai / lohapiMDa grAhya hai, saNDAsI grahaNa kA sAdhana hai aura lohAra grAhaka hai / ye tInoM pRthak-pRthak haiM / lohAra na ho to saNDAsI lohapiNDa ko nahIM pakar3a sakatI / AtmA ke cale jAne para indriya aura mana apane viSaya ko grahaNa nahIM kara pAte / 15. pUrva saMskAra kI smRti AtmA meM saMskAroM kA bhaNDAra bharA par3A hai / una saMskAroM kI smRti hotI rahatI hai / isa prakAra bhAratIya AtmavAdiyoM ne bahumukhI tarkoM dvArA AtmA aura punarjanma kA samarthana kiyA / AtmA cetanAmaya arUpI sattA hai / upayoga ( cetanA kI kriyA ) usakA lakSaNa hai| jJAna darzana, sukha-duHkha Adi dvArA yaha vyakta hotA hai / vaha vijJAtA hai / vaha zabda, rUpa, gaMdha, rasa aura sparza nahIM hai / vaha lambA nahIM hai, choTA nahIM hai, gola nahIM hai, caukonA nahIM hai, maMDalAkAra nahIM hai / vaha halakA nahIM hai, bhArI nahIM hai, strI aura puruSa nahIM / kalpanA se usakA mApa kiyA jAe to vaha asaMkhya

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hai| jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA paramANu jitanA hai| isalie vaha jJAnamaya asaMkhya pradezoM kA piNDa vaha arUpa hai, isalie dekhA nahIM jaataa| usakA cetanA guNa hameM milatA hai| guNa se guNI kA grahaNa hotA hai| isase usakA astitva hama jAna jAte haiN| vaha ekAntataH vANI dvArA pratipAdya aura tarka dvArA gamya nahIM hai| jaina-dRSTi se AtmA kA svarUpa 1. jIva svarUpataH anAdi-anaMta aura nitya-anitya jIva anAdi-nidhana (na Adi aura na aMta) hai| avinAzI aura akSaya hai| dravya naya kI apekSA se usakA svarUpa naSTa nahIM hotA, isalie nitya aura paryAya naya kI apekSA se bhinna-bhinna vastuoM meM vaha pariNata hotA rahatA hai, isalie anitya hai| 2. saMsArI jIva aura zarIra kA abheda jaise piMjar3e se pakSI, ghar3e se bera aura gaMjI se AdamI bhinna nahIM hotA, vaise hI saMsArI jIva zarIra se bhinna nahIM hotaa| jaise dUdha aura pAnI, tila aura tela, kusuma aura gaMdha-ye eka lagate haiM, vaise hI saMsAra dazA meM jIva aura zarIra eka lagate 3. jIva kA parimANa jIva kA zarIra ke anusAra saMkoca aura vistAra hotA hai| jo jIva hAthI ke zarIra meM hotA hai vaha kunthu ke zarIra meM bhI utpanna ho jAtA hai / saMkoca aura vistAra-donoM dazAoM meM pradeza-sakhyA, avayava-saMkhyA samAna rahatI hai| 4. AtmA aura kAla kI tulanA-anAdi-ananta kI dRSTi se ___ jaise kAla anAdi aura avinAzI hai, vaise hI jIva bhI tIna kAloM meM anAdi aura avinAzI hai| 5. AtmA aura AkAza kI tulanA-amUrta kI dRSTi se jaise AkAza amUrta hai, phira bhI vaha avagAha-guNa se jAnA jAtA hai, vaise hI jIva amUrta haiaura vaha vijJAna-guNa se jAnA jAtA hai| 6. jIva aura jJAna Adi kA AdhAra-Adheya sambandha

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AtmavAda 43 jaise pRthvI saba dravyoM kA AdhAra hai, vaise hI jIva jJAna Adi puNoM kA AdhAra hai| 7. jIva aura AkAza kI tulanA-nitya kI daSTi se__ jaise AkAza tInoM kAloM meM akSaya, ananta aura atula hotA hai, vaise hI jIva bhI tInoM kAloM meM avinAzI-avasthita hotA 8. jIva aura sone kI tulanA-nitya-anitya kI dRSTi se jaise sone ke mukuTa, kuNDala Adi aneka rUpa banate haiM, taba bhI vaha sonA hI rahatA hai, kevala nAma aura rUpa meM antara par3atA hai| ThIka usI prakAra cAroM gatiyoM meM bhramaNa karate hue jIva kI paryAeM badalatI haiM-rUpa aura nAma badalate haiM-jIva-dravya banA kA banA rahatA hai| _E. jIva kI karmakAra se tulanA-kartRtva aura bhoktRtva kI dRSTi se jaise karmakAra kArya karatA hai aura usakA phala bhogatA hai, vaise hI jIva svayaM karma karatA hai aura usakA phala bhogatA hai| 10. jIva aura sUrya kI tulanA-bhavAnuyAyitva kI dRSTi se jaise dina meM sUrya yahAM prakAza karatA hai, taba dIkhatA hai aura rAta ko dUsare kSetroM meM calA jAtA hai-prakAza karatA hai, taba dIkhatA nahIM, vaise hI vartamAna zarIra meM rahatA huA jIva use prakAzita karatA hai aura use chor3akara dUsare zarIra meM jA use prakAzita karane laga jAtA 11. jIva kA jJAna-guNa se grahaNa jaise kamala, caMdana Adi kI sugandha kA rUpa nahIM dIkhatA, phira bhI ghrANa ke dvArA usakA grahaNa hotA hai, vaise jIva ke nahIM dIkhane para bhI usakA jJAna-guNa ke dvArA grahaNa hotA hai| ___ bhaMbhA, mRdaMga Adi ke zabda sune jAte haiM, kiMtu unakA rUpa nahIM dIkhatA, vaise hI jIva nahIM dIkhatA, taba bhI usakA jJAna-guNa ke dvArA grahaNa hotA hai| 12. jIva kA ceSTA-vizeSa dvArA grahaNajaise kisI vyakti ke zarIra meM pizAca ghusa jAtA hai, taba

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44 jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA yadyapi vaha nahIM dIkhatA, phira bhI AkAra aura ceSTAoM dvArA jAna liyA jAtA hai ki yaha puruSa pizAca se abhibhUta hai, vaise hI zarIra ke aMdara rahA huA jIva hAsya, nAca, sukha-duHkha, bolanA-calanA AdiAdi vividha ceSTAoM dvArA jAnA jAtA hai| 13. jIva ke karma kA pariNamana-- jaise khAyA huA bhojana apane Apa sAta dhAtuoM ke rUpa meM pariNata hotA hai, vaise ho jIva dvArA grahaNa kiye hue karma-yogya pudgala apane Apa karmarUpa meM pariNata ho jAte haiN| jIva aura karma kA anAdi sambandha aura usakA upAya dvArA visambandha jaise sone aura miTTI kA saMyoga anAdi hai, vaise hI jIva aura kama kA saMyoga (sAhacarya) bhI anAdi hai / jase agni Adi ke dvArA sonA miTTI se pRthaka hotA hai, vaise hI jIva saMvara, tapasyA Adi upAyoM ke dvArA karma se pRthak ho jAtA hai| 15. jIva aura karma ke sambandha meM paurvAparya nahIM jaise murgI aura aNDe meM paurvAparya nahIM, vaise hI jIva aura karma meM bhI paurvAparya nahIM hai / donoM anAdi-sahagata haiN| bhAratIya darzana meM AtmA kA svarUpa jaina darzana ke anusAra AtmA caitanya svarUpa, pariNAmI svarUpa ko akSuNNa rakhatA huA vibhinna avasthAoM meM pariNata honevAlA, kartA aura bhoktA, svayaM apanI sat-asat pravRttiyoM se zubhaazubha karmoM kA saMcaya karane vAlA aura unakA phala bhogane vAlA, svadeha parimANa, na aNu, na vibhu(sarvavyApaka) kintu madhyama parimANa kA hai| bauddha apane ko anAtmavAdI kahate haiN| ve AtmA ke astitva ko vastu satya nahIM, kAlpanika-saMjJA (nAma) mAtra kahate haiN| kSaNakSaNa naSTa aura utpanna hone vAle vijJAna (cetanA) aura rUpa (bhautika tattva, kAya) ke saMghAta saMsAra-yAtrA ke lie kAphI haiN| inase pare koI nitya AtmA nahIM hai| bauddha anAtmAvAdI hote hue bhI karma, punarjanma aura mokSa kA svIkAra karate haiN| AtmA ke viSaya meM prazna pUche jAne para bauddha mauna rahe haiN| isakA kAraNa pUchane para buddha kahate haiM ki- "yadi maiM kahUM AtmA hai to loga zAzvatavAdI bana jAte haiM,

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AtmavAda yadi kahUM ki AtmA nahIM hai to loga ucchedavAdI ho jAte haiN| isalie ina donoM kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie maiM mauna rahatA - nAgArjuna likhate haiM- "buddha ne yaha bhI kahA ki AtmA hai aura AtmA nahIM hai yaha bhI kahA hai| tathA buddha ne AtmA aura anAtmA kisI kA bhI upadeza nahIM kiyaa|" buddha ne AtmA kyA hai, kahAM se AyA hai aura kahAM jAegAina praznoM ko avyAkRta kahakara duHkha aura duHkha-nirodha--ina do tattvoM kA hI mukhyatayA upadeza kiyaa| buddha ne kahA, "tIra se Ahata puruSa ke ghAva ko ThIka karane kI bAta socanI cAhie / tIra kahAM se AyA, kisane mArA Adi-Adi prazna karanA vyartha hai|" / buddha kA yaha madhyama-mArga' kA dRSTikoNa hai| kucha bauddha mana ko bhautika tattvoM se alaga svIkAra karate haiN| naiyAyikoM ke anusAra AtmA nitya aura vibhu hai / icchA, dveSa, prayatna, sukha-du:kha, jJAna-ye usake liGga haiN| inase hama usakA astitva jAnate haiN| sAMkhya AtmA ko nitya aura niSkriya mAnate haiM, jaise "amUrtazcetano bhogI, nityaH srvgto'kriyH| ___ akartA nirgaNaH sUkSmaH, AtmA kapiladarzane // " sAMkhya jIva ko karttA nahIM mAnate, phala-bhoktA mAnate haiN| unake matAnusAra kartR-zakti prakRti hai| vedAntI antaHkaraNa se pariveSTita caitanya ko jIva batalAte haiN| unake anusAra---'eka eva hi bhUtAtmA, bhUte bhUte vyavasthitaHsvabhAvata: jIva eka hai, parantu dehAdi upAdhiyoM ke kAraNa nAnA pratIta hotA hai| parantu rAmAnuja-mata meM jIva ananta haiM, ve eka-dUsare se sarvathA pRthaka haiN| vaizeSika sukha-duHkha Adi kI samAnatA kI dRSTi se AtmaikyavAdI aura vyavasthA kI dRSTi se AtmA-naikyavAdI haiN| upaniSad aura gItA ke anusAra AtmA zarIra se vilakSaNa, mana se bhinna, vibhu-vyApaka aura apariNAmI hai| vaha vANI dvArA agamya hai| usakA vistRta svarUpa neti-neti dvArA batAyA hai| vaha na sthUla hai, na aNu hai, na kSudra hai, na vizAla hai, na aruNa hai, na drava hai,

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46 jainadarzana meM tattva - mImAMsA na chAyA hai, na tama hai, na vAyu hai, na AkAza hai, na saMga hai, na rasa hai, na gaMdha hai, na netra hai, na karNa hai, na vANI hai, na mana hai, na teja hai, na prANa hai, na mukha hai, na antara hai, na bAhara hai / saMkSepa meM bauddha - AtmA sthAyI nahIM cetanA kA pravAha mAtra hai / nyAya-vaizeSika -- AtmA sthAyI kintu cetanA usakA sthAyI svarUpa nahIM / gaharI nIMda meM vaha cetanAvihIna ho jAtI hai / vaizeSika - mokSa meM AtmA kI cetanA naSTa ho jAtI hai / sAMkhya -- AtmA sthAyI, anAdi, ananta, avikArI, nitya aura citsvarUpa hai || buddhi acetana hai - prakRti kA vivarta hai / mImAMsaka - AtmA meM avasthA - bheda-kRta bheda hotA hai, phira bhI vaha nitya hai / jaina - AtmA parivartana-yukta, sthAyI au racitsvarUpa hai / buddhi bhI cetana hai / gaharI nIMda yA mUrcchA meM cetanA hotI hai, usakI abhivyakti nahIM hotI, sUkSma abhivyakti hotI bhI hai / mokSa meM cetanA kA sahaja upayoga hotA hai | cetanA kI AvRta - dazA meM use pravRtta karanA par3atA hai--- anAvRta - dazA meM vaha satata pravRtta rahatI hai / aupaniSadika AtmA ke vividha rUpa aura jaina- dRSTi se tulanA aupaniSadika-sRSTi - krama meM AtmA kA sthAna pahalA hai / 'AtmA' zabda- vAcya brahma se AkAza utpanna huA / AkAza se 'vAyu, vAyu se agni, agni se pAnI, pAnI se pRthvI, pRthvI se auSadhiyAM, auSadhiyoM se anna aura anna se puruSa utpanna huA / vaha yaha puruSa anna- rasamaya hI hai - anna aura rasa kA vikAra hai / isa anna- rasamaya puruSa kI tulanA audArika zarIra se hotI hai / isake sira Adi aMgopAMga mAne gae haiM / prANamaya AtmA (zarIra ) annamaya koSa kI bhAMti puruSAkAra hai / kintu usakI bhAMti aMgopAMga vAlA nahIM hai / pahale koza kI puruSAkAratA ke anusAra hI uttaravartI koza puruSAkAra hai / pahalA koza uttaravartI koza se pUrNa, vyApta yA bharA huA hai / isa prANamaya zarIra kI tulanA zvAsocchvAsa paryApti se kI jA sakatI hai / prANamaya AtmA jaise annamaya koza ke bhItara rahatA hai, vaise

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AtmavAda hI manomaya AtmA prANamaya koza ke bhItara rahatA hai| isa manomaya zarIra kI tulanA manaHparyApti se ho sakatI hai| manomaya koza ke bhItara vijJAnamaya koza hai| nizcayAtmikA buddhi jo hai, vahI vijJAna hai| vaha antaHkaraNa kA adhyavasAya-rUpa dharma hai| isa nizcayAtmikA buddhi se utpanna hone vAlA AtmA vijJAnamaya hai / isakI tulanA bhAva-mana, cetana-mana se hotI hai| vijJAnamaya AtmA ke bhItara Anandamaya AtmA rahatA hai| isakI tulanA AtmA kI sukhAnubhUti kI dazA se ho sakatI sajIva aura nirjIva padArtha kA pRthakkaraNa prANa aura aprANI meM kyA bheda hai ? yaha prazna kitanI bAra hRdaya ko AMdolita nahIM karatA? prANa pratyakSa nahIM haiN| unakI jAnakArI ke lie kisI eka lakSaNa kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| yaha lakSaNa paryApti hai| paryApti ke dvArA prANI visadRzya dravyoM (pudgaloM) kA grahaNa, svarUpa meM pariNamana aura visarjana karatA hai / jIva ajIva 1. prajanana-zakti (saMtati-utpAdana) prajanana-zakti nhiiN| 2. vRddhi vRddhi nhiiN| 3. AhAra-grahaNa / svarUpa meM pariNamana nahIM visarjana" 4. jAgaraNa, nIMda, parizrama / nahIM vizrAma 5. Atma-rakSA ke lie nahIM 6. bhaya-trAsa nahIM bhASA ajIva meM nahIM hotI kiMtu saba jIvoM meM bhI nahIM hotI - trasa jIvoM meM hotI hai, sthAvara jIvoM meM nahIM hotI isalie yaha jIva kA lakSaNa nahIM bntaa| __gati jIva aura ajIva donoM meM hotI hai kintu icchApUrvaka yA sahetuka gati-Agati tathA gati-Agati kA vijJAna kevala jIvoM meM hotA hai, ajIva padArtha meM nhiiN|

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48 jaina-darzana meM tattva-mIyAMsA ajIva ke cAra prakAra-dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla gatizIla nahIM hai, kevala pudgala gatizIla hai| usake donoM rUpa paramANu aura skaMdha (paramANu-samudAya) gatizIla haiN| inameM naisargika aura prAyogika-donoM prakAra kI gati hotI hai / sthUla-skandha prayoga ke binA gati nahIM karate / sUkSma-skaMdha sthUla-prayatna ke binA bhI gati karate haiN| isalie unameM icchApUrvaka gati aura caitanya kA bhrama ho jAtA hai / sUkSma-vAyu ke dvArA spRSTa pudgala-skaMdhoM meM kaMpana, prakaMpana, calana, kSobha, spaMdana, ghaTTana, udIraNA aura vicitra AkRtiyoM kA pariNamana dekhakara vibhaMga-ajJAnI (pAradraSTAmithyAdRSTi) ko ye saba jIva haiM' -aisA bhrama ho jAtA hai| ___ajIva meM jIva yA aNa meM kITANa kA bhrama hone kA kAraNa unakA gati aura AkRti sambandhI sAmya hai| jIvatva kI abhivyakti ke sAdhana utthAna, bala, vIrya haiN| ye zarIra-sApekSa haiN| zarIra paudgalika hai / isalie cetana dvArA svIkRta pudgala aura cetana-mukta pudgala meM gati aura AkRti ke dvArA bhedarekhA nahIM khIMcI jA sktii| jIva ke vyAvahArika lakSaNa sajAtIya-janma-vRddhi, sajAtIya-utpAdana, kSata-saMrohaNa (ghAva bharane kI zakti) aura aniyamita tiryaga-gati-ye jIvoM ke vyAvahArika lakSaNa haiN| eka mazIna khA sakatI hai, lekina khAdya rasa ke dvArA apane zarIra ko bar3hA nahIM sktii| kisI hada taka apanA niyaMtraNa karane vAlI mazIne bhI haiN| TArapIDo meM svayaM-cAlaka zakti hai, phira bhI ve na to sajAtIya yaMtra kI deha se utpanna hote haiM aura na kisI sajAtIya yaMtra ko utpanna karate haiN| aisA koI yaMtra nahIM jo apanA ghAva khada bhara sake yA manuSyakRta niyamana ke binA idharaudhara ghUma sake-tiryaga-gati kara ske| eka relagAr3I paTarI para apanA bojha lie pavana-vega se daur3a sakatI hai, para usase kucha dUrI para reMgane vAlI eka cIMTI ko bhI vaha nahIM mAra sktii| cIMTI meM cetanA hai, vaha idhara-udhara ghUmatI hai| relagAr3I jar3a hai, usameM vaha zakti nhiiN| yantra-kriyA kA niyAmaka bhI cetanAvAn prANI hai / isalie yantra aura prANI kI sthiti eka-sI nahIM hai| ye lakSaNa jIvadhAriyoM kI apanI vizeSatAeM hai / jar3a meM ye nahIM miltii|

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AtmavAda 49 jIva ke naizcayika lakSaNa AtmA kA naizcayika lakSaNa cetanA hai| prANI mAtra meM usakA nyUnAdhika yAtrA meM sadbhAva hotA hai| yadyapi sattA rUpa meM caitanya zakti saba prANiyoM ke anaMta hotI hai, para vikAsa kI apekSA se vaha saba meM eka-sI nahIM hotii| jJAna ke AvaraNa kI prabalatA evaM durbalatA ke anusAra usakA vikAsa nyUna yA adhika hotI hai / ekendriya vAle jIvoM meM bhI kama se kama eka (sparzana) indriya kA anubhava milegaa| yadi vaha na rahe, taba phira jIva aura ajIva meM koI antara nahIM rhtaa| jIva aura ajIva kA bheda batalAte hue, zAstroM meM kahA hai.---'kevalajJAna (pUrNajJAna) kA anaMtavA bhAga to saba jIvoM ke vikasita rahatA hai / yadi vaha bhI AvRta ho jAe to jIva ajIva bana jaae|' madhyama aura virAT parimANa upaniSadoM meM AtmA ke parimANa kI vibhinna kalpanAeM milatI haiM / yaha manomaya puruSa (AtmA) antar hRdaya meM cAvala yA jau ke dAne jitanA hai| yaha AtmA pradeza-mAtra (aMgUThe ke sire se tarjanI ke sire taka kI dUrI jitanA) hai| yaha AtmA zarIra-vyApI hai / yaha AtmA sarva-vyApI hai| hRdaya-kamala ke bhItara yaha AtmA pRthvI, antarikSa, dhuloka athavA ina saba lokoM kI apekSA bar3A hai| jIva saMkhyA kI daSTi se anaMta haiN| pratyeka jIva ke pradeza yA avibhAgI avayava asaMkhya haiN| jIva asaMkhya-pradezI hai| ataH vyApta hone kI kSamatA kI dRSTi se loka ke samAna virATa hai| 'kevalIsamudghAta' kI prakriyA meM AtmA kucha samaya ke lie vyApaka bana jAtI hai / 'maraNa-samudghAta' ke samaya bhI AMzika vyApakatA hotI hai| pradeza-saMkhyA kI dRSTi se dharma, adharma, AkAza aura jIvaye cAra samatulya haiM / avagAha kI dRSTi se sama nahIM haiN| dharma, adharma aura AkAza svIkArAtmaka aura kriyA-pratikriyAtmaka pravRtti-zUnya haiM, isalie unake parimANa meM koI parivartana nahIM hotaa| saMsArI

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50 jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA jIvoM meM pudgaloM kA svIkaraNa aura unakI kriyA-pratikriyA -ye donoM pravRttiyAM hotI haiM, isalie unakA parimANa sadA samAna nahIM rhtaa| vaha saMkucita yA vikasita hotA rahatA hai| phira bhI aNu jitanA saMkucita aura lokAkAza jitanA vikasita (kevalI-samUdaghAta ke sivAya) nahIM hotA, isalie jIva madhyama parimANa kI koTi ke hote haiN| saMkoca aura vikoca jIvoM kI svabhAva-prakriyA nahIM hai-ve kArmaNa zarIra-sApekSa hote haiN| karma-yukta dazA meM jIva zarIra kI . maryAdA meM bandhe hue haiM, isalie unakA parimANa svataMtra nahIM hotaa| kArmaNa zarIra kA choTApana aura moTApana gati-catuSTaya-sApekSa hotA hai| mukta-dazA meM saMkoca-vikoca nahIM, vahAM carama zarIra ke Thosa (do tihAI ) bhAga meM AtmA kA jo avagAha hotA hai, vahI raha jAtA hai| AtmA ke saMkoca-vikoca kI dIpaka ke prakAza se tulanA kI jA sakatI hai| khale AkAza meM rakhe hue dIpaka ke prakAza amuka parimANa kA hotA hai| usI dIpaka ko yadi koTharI meM rakha deM to vahI prakAza koTharI meM samA jAtA hai| eka ghar3e ke nIce rakhate haiM to ghar3e meM samA jAtA hai| DhakanI ke nIce rakhate haiM to DhakanI meM samA jAtA hai / usI prakAra kArmaNa zarIra ke AvaraNa se Atma-pradezoM kA bhI saMkoca aura vistAra hotA rahatA hai| jo AtmA bAlaka-zarIra meM rahatI hai, vahI AtmA yuvA-zarIra meM rahatI hai aura vahI vRddha-zarIra meM / sthUla-zarIra-vyApI AtmA kRza-zarIra-vyApI ho jAtI hai| kRza-zarIra-vyApI AtmA sthUlazarIra-vyApI ho jAtI hai| baddha aura mukta AtmA do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai-baddha AtmA aura mukta aatmaa| karma bandhana TUTane se jinakA AtmIya svarUpa pragaTa ho jAtA hai, ve mukta AtmAeM hotI haiN| ve bhI ananta haiN| unake zarIra evaM zarIrajanya kriyA aura janma-mRtyu Adi kucha bhI nahIM hote / ve Atma rUpa ho jAtI haiM / ataeva unheM sat-cit-Ananda kahA jAtA hai| unakA nivAsa UMce loka ke carama bhAga meM hotA hai| ve mukta hote hI vahAM pahuMca jAtI haiN| AtmA kA svabhAva Upara jAne kA hai| bandhana ke

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51 kAraNa hI vaha tirachA yA nIce jAtA hai / Upara jAne ke bAda vaha phira kabhI nIce nahIM AtA / vahAM se aloka meM bhI nahIM jA sakatA / vahAM gati tattva ( dharmAstikAya) kA abhAva hai| dUsarI zreNI kI jo saMsArI AtmAeM haiM, ve karma baddha hone ke kAraNa aneka yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa karatI haiM, karma karatI haiM aura unakA phala bhogatI haiM / ye mukta AtmAoM se anantAnanta gunI hotI haiM / mukta AtmAoM kA astitva pRthak-pRthak hotA hai tathApi unake svarUpa meM pUrNa samatA hotI hai / saMsArI jIvoM meM bhI svarUpa kI dRSTi se aikya hotA hai kiMtu vaha karma se AvRta rahatA hai aura karmakRta bhinnatA se ve vividha vargoM meM baMTa jAte haiM, jaise pRthvIkAyika jIva, apkAyika jIva, tejaskAyika jIva, vAyukAyika jIva, vanaspatikAyika jIva, trasakAyika jIva / jIvoM ke ye chaha nikAya zArIrika paramANuoM kI bhinnatA ke anusAra race gaye haiM / saba jIvoM ke zarIra eka se nahIM hote / kinhIM jIvoM kA zarIra pRthvI hotA hai to kinhIM kA pAnI / isa prakAra pRthak pRthak paramANuoM ke zarIra banate haiM / inameM pahale pAMca nikAya 'sthAvara' kahalAte haiM / sa jIva idhara udhara ghUmate haiM, zabda karate haiM, calate phirate haiM, saMkucita hote haiM, phaila jAte haiM, isalie unakI cetanA meM koI saMdeha nahIM hotA / sthAvara jIvoM meM ye bAteM nahIM hotIM ataH unakI cetanatA ke viSaya meM sandeha honA koI Azcarya kI bAta nahIM / AtmavAda jIva-parimANa jIvoM ke do prakAra haiM- mukta aura saMsArI / mukta jIva ananta haiM / saMsArI jIvoM ke chaha nikAya haiN| unakA parimANa nimna prakAra hai 1. pRthvI kAya - asaMkhya jIva / 2. apkAya - asaMkhya jIva / 3. tejaskAya - asaMkhya jIva / 4. vAyukAya - asaMkhya jIva / 5. vanaspatikAya - anaMta jIva / 6. sakAya - asaMkhya jIva / kAya ke jIva sthUla hI hote haiN| zeSa pAMca nikAya ke jIva sthUla aura sUkSma - donoM prakAra ke hote haiM / sUkSma jIvoM se samUcA

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52 jainadarzana meM tattva - mImAMsA loka bharA hai / sthUla jIva AdhAra binA nahIM raha sakate / isalie ve loka ke thor3e bhAga meM haiM / eka- eka kAya meM kitane jIva haiM, yaha upamA ke dvArA samajhAyA gayA hai eka hare AMvale ke samAna miTTI ke Dhele meM jo pRthvI ke jIva haiM, una saba meM se pratyeka kA zarIra kabUtara jitanA bar3A kiyA jAe to ve eka lAkha yojana lambe-caur3e jaMbUdvIpa meM nahIM samAte / pAnI kI bUMda meM jitane jIva haiM, unameM se pratyeka kA zarIra sarasoM ke dAne ke samAna banAyA jAe to ve ukta jambUdvIpa meM nahIM samAte / " eka cinagArI ke jIvoM meM se pratyeka ke zarIra ko lIkha ke samAna kiyA jAe to ve bhI jambUdvIpa meM nahIM samAte / " nIma ke patte ko chUne vAlI havA meM jitane jIva haiM, una saba meM se pratyeka ke zarIra ko khasa-khasa ke dAne ke samAna kiyA jAe to ve jambUdvIpa meM nahIM samAte / zarIra aura AtmA zarIra aura AtmA kA kyA sambandha hai ? mAnasika vicAroM kA hamAre zarIra tathA mastiSka ke sAtha kyA sambandha hai ? isa prazna ke uttara meM tIna vAda prasiddha haiM 1. eka pAkSika kriyAvAda (bhUta - caitanyavAda ) | 2. manodaihika - sahacaravAda / 3. anyonyAzrayavAda / bhUta - caitanyavAdI kevala zArIrika vyApAroM ko hI mAnasika vyApAroM kA kAraNa mAnate haiM / unakI sammati meM AtmA zarIra kI upaja hai / mastiSka kI vizeSa koSTha-triyA hI cetanA hai / ye prakRtivAdI bhI kahe jAte haiM / AtmA ko prakRti-janya siddha karane ke lie ye isa prakAra apanA abhimata prastuta karate haiM / pAcana AmAzaya kI kriyA kA nAma hai | zvAsocchvAsa phephar3oM kI kriyA kA nAma hai / vaise hI cetanA (AtmA) mastiSka kI koSTha - kriyA kA nAma hai / yaha / AtmavAdI isakA nirasana koSTha kI kriyA hai|' isameM kiyA gayA hai / AmAzaya bhUta - caitanyavAda kA eka saMkSipta rUpa hai isa prakAra karate haiM- cetanA mastiSka ke vyarthaka kriyA zabda kA samAnArthaka prayoga

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AtmavAda kI kriyA aura mastiSka kI kriyA meM bar3A bhArI antara hai| kriyA zabda kA do bAra kA prayoga vicAra-bheda kA dyotaka hai| jaba hama yaha kahate haiM ki pAcana AmAzaya kI kriyA kA nAma hai, taba pAcana aura AmAzaya kI kriyA meM bheda nahIM smjhte| para jaba mastiSka kI koSTha-kriyA kA vicAra karate haiM, taba usa kriyA-mAtra ko cetanA nahIM samajhate / cetanA kA vicAra karate haiM taba mastiSka kI koSTha-kriyA kA kisI prakAra kA dhyAna nahIM aataa| ye donoM ghaTanAeM sarvathA vibhinna haiN| pAcana se AmAzaya kI kriyA kA bodha ho AtA hai aura AmAzaya kI kriyA se pAcana kaa| pAcana aura AmAzaya kI kriyA --ye do ghaTanAeM nahIM, eka hI kriyA ke do nAma haiN| AmAzaya, hRdaya aura mastiSka tathA zarIra ke sAre avayava cetanAhIna tattva se bane hae hote haiN| cetanAhIna se cetanA utpanna nahIM ho sktii| isI Azaya ko spaSTa karate hue baTalara ne likhA hai- "Apa hAiDrojana tattva ke mRta paramANu, oNksIjana tattva ke mRta paramANu, kArbana tattva ke mRta paramANu, nAiTrojana ke mRta paramANu, phAsaphorasa tattva ke mRta paramANu tathA bArUda kI bhAMti una samasta tattvoM ke mRta paramANu jinase mastiSka banA hai, le liijie| vicArie ki ye paramANu pRthaka-pRthak evaM jJAna-zUnya haiN| phira vicArie ki ye paramANu sAthasAtha daur3a rahe haiM aura paraspara mizrita hokara jitane prakAra ke skaMdha ho sakate haiM, banA rahe haiN| isa zuddha yAMtrika kriyA kA citra Apa apane mana meM khIMca sakate haiN| kyA yaha ApakI dRSTi, svapna yA vicAra meM A sakatA hai ki isa yAMtrika kriyA kA ina mRta paramANuoM se bodha, vicAra evaM bhAvanAeM utpanna ho sakatI haiM ? kyA phAMsoM ke khaTapaTAne se homara kavi yA bilayarDa khela kI geMda ke khanakhanAne se gaNita DiphareMziyala kelkulasa (Differential Calculus) nikala sakatA hai ?..."Apa manuSya kI jijJAsA kA-paramANaoM ke paraspara sammizraNa kI yAMtrika kriyA se jJAna kI utpatti kaise ho gaI ?saMtoSaprada uttara nahIM de skte|" pAcana aura zvAsocchvAsa kI kriyA se cetanA kI tulanA bhI truTipUrNa hai| ye donoM kriyAeM svayaM acetana haiM / acetana mastiSka kI kriyA cetanA nahIM ho sktii| isalie yaha mAnanA hogA ki cetanA eka svataMtra sattA hai, mastiSka kI upaja nhiiN| zArIrika vyApAroM ko hI mAnasika vyApAroM ke kAraNa mAnanevAloM ke dUsarI Apatti

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janadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA ha AtI hai ki -"maiM apanI icchA ke anusAra calatA hUM--mere bhAva rIrika parivartanoM ko paidA karane vAle haiM" ityAdi prayoga nahIM kaye jA skte| _ 'manodaihika-sahacaravAda' ke anusAra mAnasika tathA zArIrika vyApAra paraspara sahakArI haiM, isake sivAya donoM meM kisI prakAra kA sambandha nhiiN| isa vAda kA uttara anyonyAzrayavAda hai| usake manusAra zArIrika kriyAoM kA mAnasika vyApAroM para evaM mAnasika vyApAroM kA zArIrika kriyAoM para asara hotA hai| jaise 1. mastiSka kI bImArI se mAnasika zakti durbala ho jAtI 2. mastiSka ke parimANa ke anusAra mAnasika zakti kA vikAsa hotA hai| sAdhAraNatayA puruSoM kA dimAga 46 se 50 yA 52 auMsa taka kA aura striyoM kA 44-48 auMsa taka hotA hai| deza-videza ke anusAra inameM kucha nyUnAdhikatA bhI pAyI jAtI hai| apavAda rUpa asAdhAraNa mAnasika zakti vAloM kA dimAga ausata parimANa se bhI nIce darje kA pAyA gayA hai| para sAdhAraNa niyamAnusAra dimAga ke parimANa aura mAnasika vikAsa kA sambandha rahatA hai| brAhmIghata Adi vividha auSadhiyoM se mAnasika vikAsa ko sahArA milatA hai| 4. dimAga para AghAta hone se smaraNa-zakti kSINa ho jAtI 5. dimAga kA eka vizeSa bhAga mAnasika zakti ke sAtha sambandhita hai, usakI kSati se mAnasika zakti meM hAni hotI hai| mAnasika kriyA kA zarIra para prabhAva 1. nirantara cintA evaM dimAgI parizrama se zarIra thaka jAtA 2. sukha-duHkha kA zarIra para prabhAva hotA hai| 3. udAsIna vRtti evaM ciMtA se pAcana-zakti maMda ho jAtI hai, zarIra kRza ho jAtA hai| krodha Adi se rakta viSAkta

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AtmavAda 55 bana jAtA hai| ina ghaTanAoM ke avalokana ke bAda zarIra aura mana ke pArasparika sambandha ke bAre meM sandeha kA koI avakAza nahIM rhtaa| isa prakAra anyonyAzrayavAdI mAnasika evaM zArIrika sambandha ke nirNaya taka pahuMca ge| donoM zaktiyoM kA pRthak astitva svIkAra kara liyaa| kintu unake sAmane eka ulajhana aba taka bhI maujada hai| do visadaza padArthoM ke bIca kArya-kAraNa kA sambandha kaise ? isakA ve abhI samAdhAna nahIM kara pAe haiN| do visadRzya padArthoM (arUpa aura sarUpa) kA sambandha AtmA aura zarIra-ye vijAtIya dravya haiN| AtmA cetana aura arUpa hai, zarIra acetana aura sruup| isa dazA meM donoM kA sambandha kaise ho sakatA hai ? isakA samAdhAna jaina darzana meM kiyA gayA hai| saMsArI AtmA sUkSma aura sthUla, ina do prakAra ke zarIroM se veSTita rahatA hai / eka janma se dUsare janma meM jAne ke samaya sthUla zarIra chuTa jAtA hai, sUkSma zarIra nahIM chuutttaa| sUkSma zarIradhArI jIvoM ko eka ke bAda dUsare-tIsare sthUla zarIra kA nirmANa karanA par3atA hai| sUkSma zarIradhArI jIva hI dUsarA zarIra dhAraNa karate haiM, isalie amUrta jIva mUrta zarIra meM kaise praveza karate haiM-yaha prazna hI nahIM utthtaa| sUkSma zarIra aura AtmA kA sambandha apazcAnupUrvI hai| apazcAnupUrvI use kahA jAtA hai, jahAM pahale-pIche kA koI vibhAga nahIM hotA--paurvAparya nahIM nikAlA jA sakatA / tAtparya yaha haA ki unakA sambandha anAdi hai| isIlie saMsAra-dazA meM jIva kathaJcit mUrta bhI hai / unakA amUrta rUpa videhadazA meM prakaTa hotA hai| yaha sthiti banane para phira unakA mUrta dravya se koI sambandha nahIM rhtaa| kintu saMsAra-dazA meM jIva aura pudgala kA kathaMcita sAdRzya hotA hai, isalie usakA sambandha honA asambhava nhiiN| 'amUrta ke sAtha mUrta kA sambandha nahIM ho sakatA'-yaha tarka prastuta kiyA jAtA hai, yaha ucita hai| inameM kriyA-pratikriyAtmaka saMbandha nahIM ho sktaa| vijJAna aura AtmA bahuta se pazcimI vaijJAnika AtmA ko mana se alaga nahIM maante| unakI dRSTi meM mana aura mastiSka-kriyA eka hai| dUsare

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56 jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA zabdoM meM mana aura mastiSka paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| pAvalopha ne isakA samarthana kiyA hai ki smRti mastiSka (serebrama) ke karor3oM seloM (Cells) kI kriyA hai| bargasAM jisa yukti ke bala para AtmA ke astitva kI AvazyakatA anubhava karatA hai, usake mUlabhUta tathya smRti ko pAvalopha mastiSka ke seloM (Cells) kI kriyA batalAtA hai| phoTo ke negeTiva pleTa meM jisa prakAra pratibimba khIMce hae hote haiM, usI prakAra mastiSka meM atIta ke citra pratibimbita rahate haiN| jaba unheM tadnukUla sAmagrI dvArA nayI preraNA milatI hai taba ve jAgRta ho jAte haiM, nimna stara se UparI stara meM A jAte haiM, isI kA nAma smRti hai / isake lie bhautika tattvoM se pRthak anvayI AtmA mAnane kI koI AvazyakatA nhiiN| bhUtAdvaitavAdI vaijJAnikoM ne bhautika prayoga ke dvArA abhautika sattA kA nAstitva siddha karane kI bahamukhI ceSTAyeM kI haiM, phira bhI bhautika prayogoM kA kSetra bhautikatA taka hI sImita rahatA hai, amUrta AtmA yA mana kA nAstitva siddha karane meM usakA adhikAra sampanna nahIM hotaa| mana bhautika aura abhautika donoM prakAra kA hotA hai| manana, cintana, tarka, anumAna, smRti 'tadevedam' isa prakAra saMkalanAtmaka jJAna-atIta aura vartamAna jJAna kI jor3a karanA, ye kArya abhautika mana ke haiN| bhautika mana usakI jJAnAtmaka pravRtti kA sAdhana hai| ise hama mastiSka kA 'aupacArika jJAna-taMtu' bhI kaha sakate haiM / mastiSka zarIra kA avayava hai| usa para vibhinna prayoga karane para mAnasika sthiti meM parivartana pAyA jAe, ardha-smaraNa yA vismaraNa Adi mile, yaha koI Azcaryajanaka ghaTanA nhiiN| kyoMki kAraNa ke abhAva meM kArya abhivyakta nahIM hotA, yaha nizcita tathya hamAre sAmane hai / bhautikavAdI to mastiSka bhI bhautika hai yA aura kucha-isa samasyA meM ulajhe hue haiN| ve kahate haiM mana sirpha bhautika tattva nahIM hai| aisA hone kara usake vicitra guNa-cetana-kriyAoM kI vyAkhyA nahIM ho sktiiN| mana (mastiSka ) meM aise naye guNa dekhe jAte haiM, jo pahale bhautika-tattvoM meM maujUda na the, isalie bhautikatattvoM aura mana ko eka nahIM kahA jA sktaa| sAtha hI bhautikatattvoM se mana itanA dUra bhI nahIM hai ki use bilakula hI eka alaga tattva mAnA jaae|

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nAtmavAda ina paMktiyoM se yaha samajhA jAtA hai ki vaijJAnika jagata mana ke viSaya meM hI nahIM, kintu mana ke sAdhanabhUta mastiSka ke bAre meM bhI kitanA saMdigdha hai| mastiSkako atIta ke pratibimboM kA vAhaka aura smRti kA sAdhana mAnakara svataMtra cetanA kA lopa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| mastiSka phoTo ke negeTiva pleTa kI bhAMti vartamAna citroM ko khIMca sakatA hai, surakSita rakha sakatA hai, isa kalpanA ke AdhAra para use smRti kA sAdhana bhale hI mAnA jAe, kintu isa sthiti meM vaha bhaviSya kI kalpanA nahIM kara sktaa| usameM kevala ghaTanAeM aMkita ho sakatI haiM, para usake pIche chipe hue kAraNa svataMtra cetanAtmaka vyakti kA astitva mAne binA nahIM jAne jA sakate / 'yaha kyoM ? yaha hai to aisA honA cAhie, aisA nahIM honA cAhie, yaha vahI hai, isakA pariNAma yaha hogA'-jJAna kI ityAdi kriyAeM apanA svataMtra astitva siddha karatI haiN| pleTa kI citrAvalI meM niyamana hotA hai| pratibimbita citra ke atirikta usameM aura kucha bhI nahIM hotA / yaha niyama mAnava-mana para lAgU nahIM hotaa| vaha atIta kI dhAraNAoM ke AdhAra para bar3e-bar3e niSkarSa nikAlatA hai, bhaviSya kA mArga nirNIta karatA hai| isalie isa dRSTAMta kI bhI mAnasakriyA meM saMgati nahIM hotii| AtmA para vijJAna ke prayoga vaijJAnikoM ne 102 tattva mAne haiN| ve saba mUrtimAna haiN| unhoMne jitane prayoga kie haiM, ve sabhI mUrta dravyoM para hI kie haiN| amUrta tattva indriya-pratyakSa kA viSaya nahIM bntaa| usa para prayoga bhI nahIM kie jA sakate / AtmA amUrta hai, isIlie Aja ke vaijJAnika, bhautika sAdhana-sampanna hote hue bhI usakA patA nahIM lagA sake / kintu bhautika sAdhanoM se AtmA kA astitva nahIM jAnA jAtA to usakA nAstitva bhI nahIM jAnA jaataa| zarIra para kie gae vividha prayogoM se AtmA kI sthiti spaSTa nahIM hotii| rUsa ke jIvavijJAna ke prasiddha vidvAn pAvalopha ne eka kutte kA dimAga nikala liyaa| usase vaha zUnyavat ho gayA / usakI ceSTAeM stabdha ho gii| 1. pAvalopha ke siddhAMta ko pravRttivAda kahate haiN| usakA kahanA hai ki samasta mAnasika kriyAeM zArIrika pravRtti ke sAtha hotI haiM / mAnasika kriyA aura zArIrika pravRtti abhinna hI hai /

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58 janadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA vaha apane mAlika tathA khAdya taka ko nahIM pahacAna paataa| phira bhI vaha marA nhiiN| iMjekzanoM dvArA use khAdya tattva diyA jAtA rahA / isa prayoga para unhoMne yaha batAyA ki dimAga hI cetanA hai| usake nikala jAne para prANI meM kucha bhI caitanya nahIM rhtaa| isa para hameM adhika kahane kI koI AvazyakatA nhiiN| yahAM sirpha itanA samajhanA hI paryApta hogA ki dimAga cetanA kA utpAdaka nahIM, kintu vaha mAnasa pravRttiyoM ke upayoga kA sAdhana hai| dimAga nikAla lene para usakI mAnasika ceSTAeM ruka gaIM, isakA artha yaha nahIM ki usakI cetanA vilIna ho gii| yadi aisA hotA to vaha jIvita nahIM raha paataa| khAdya svIkaraNa, rakta-saMcAra, prANaapAna Adi cetanAvAn prANI meM hI hotA hai| bahuta sAre aise bhI prANI haiM, jinake mastiSka hotA hI nhiiN| vaha kevala mAnasa-pravRtti vAle prANI ke hI hotA hai / vanaspati bhI AtmA hai| unameM cetanA hai; harSa, zoka, bhaya Adi pravRttiyAM haiN| para unake dimAga nahIM hotaa| cetanA kA sAmAnya lakSaNa svAnubhava hai| jisameM svAnubhUti hotI hai, sukha-duHkha kA anubhava karane kI kSamatA hotI hai, vahI AtmA hai| phira cAhe vaha apanI anubhUti vyakta kara sake yA na kara sake, usako vyakta karane ke sAdhana mileM yA na mileM / vANIvihIna prANI ko prahAra se kaSTa nahIM hotA, yaha mAnanA yauktika nhiiN| usake pAsa bolane kA sAdhana nahIM, isalie apanA kaSTa kaha nahIM sktaa| phira bhI vaha kaSTa kA anubhava kaise nahIM karegA ? vikAsazIla prANI mUka hone para bhI apanI aMga-saMcAlana-kriyA se pIr3A jatA sakate haiN| jinameM yaha zakti bhI nahIM hotI, ve kisI bhI apanI sthiti ko spaSTa nahIM kara sakate / isase spaSTa hai ki bolanA, aMgasaMcAlana hote dIkhanA, ceSTAoM ko vyakta karanA, ye AtmA ke vyApaka lakSaNa nahIM haiN| ye kevala viziSTa zarIradhArI yAnI trasajAtigata AtmAoM ke hote haiN| sthAvara jAtigata AtmAoM meM ye spaSTa lakSaNa nahIM milte| isase unakI cetanatA, sukha-duHkhAnubhUti kA lopa thor3e hI kiyA jA sakatA hai| sthAvara jIvoM kI kaSTAnubhUti kI carcA karate hue zAstroM meM likhA hai-'janmAndha, janma-mUka, janma-badhira evaM rogagrasta puruSa ke zarIra kA koI yuvA talavAra evaM khaDga se 32 sthAnoM kA chedana-bhedana kare, usa samaya use jaisA kaSTa

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AtmavAda hotA hai vaisA kaSTa pRthvI ke jIvoM ko sparza karane se hotA hai| tathApi sAmagrI ke abhAva meM ve batA nahIM skte|' mAnava pratyakSa pramANa kA AgrahI hai, isalie vaha isa parokSa tathya ko svIkAra karane se hicakatA hai| jo kucha bhI ho, isa viSaya para hameM itanA-sA smaraNa kara lenA hogA ki AtmA arUpI cetana sattA hai| vaha kisI prakAra bhI carma-cakSa dvArA pratyakSa nahIM ho sktii| Aja se DhAI hajAra varSa pahale kauzAmbI-pati rAjA pradezI ne apane jIvana ke nAstika-kAla meM zArIrika avayavoM ke parIkSaNa dvArA Atma-pratyakSIkaraNa ke aneka prayoga kie, kintu usakA vaha samUcA prayAsa viphala rhaa|| Aja ke vaijJAnika bhI yadi vaisI hI asambhava ceSTAeM karate raheMge to kucha bhI tathya nahIM niklegaa| isake viparIta yadi ve cetanA kA AnumAnika evaM sva-saMvedanAtmaka anveSaNa kareM to isa gutthI ko adhika saralatA se sulajhA sakate haiN| cetanA kA pUrvarUpa kyA hai ? nirjIva padArtha se sajIva padArtha kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatIisa tathya ko svIkAra karane vAle dArzanika cetanA-tattva ko anAdianaMta mAnate haiN| dUsarI zreNI una dArzanikoM kI hai jo nirjIva se sajIva padArtha kI utpatti svIkAra karate haiN| prasiddha manovaijJAnika phrAyaDa kI dhAraNA bhI yahI hai ki jIvana kA Arambha nirjIva padArtha se haA / vaijJAnika jagat meM bhI isa vicAra kI do dhArAeM haiM 1. vaijJAnika luI pAzcara aura TiMjala Adi nirjIva se sajIva padArtha kI utpatti svIkAra nahIM karate / ___ rUsI nArI vaijJAnika lepesinaskAyA, aNu-vaijJAnika DaoN0 DerAlDa yUre aura unake ziSya sTainale milara Adi niSprANa sattA se saprANa sattA kI utpatti meM vizvAsa karate haiN| caitanya ko acetana kI bhAMti anutpanna sattA yA naisargika sattA svIkAra karane vAloM ko 'cetanA kA pUrvarUpa kyA hai ?'-yaha prazna ulajhana meM nahIM DAlatA / dUsarI koTi ke loga, jo ahetuka yA Akasmika caitanyotpAdavAdI haiM unheM yaha prazna jhakajhora detA hai| Adi-jIva kina avasthAoM meM kaba aura kaise utpanna huA---yaha rahasya Aja bhI

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janadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA unake lie kalpanA-mAtra hai| indriya aura mastiSka AtmA nahIM AMkha, kAna Adi naSTa hone para bhI unake dvArA vijJAta viSaya kI smRti rahatI hai, isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki AtmA deha aura iMdriya se bhinna hai| yadi aisA na hotA to iMdriya ke naSTa hone para unake dvArA kiyA huA jJAna bhI calA jAtA / indriya ke vikRta hone para bhI pUrva-jJAna vikRta nahIM hotaa| isase pramANita hotA hai ki jJAna kA adhiSThAna iMdriya se bhinna hai / vaha AtmA hai / isa para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki iMdriya bigar3a jAne para jo pUrva-jJAna kI smRti hotI hai, usakA kAraNa hai mastiSka, AtmA nhiiN| mastiSka svastha hotA hai, taba taka smRti hai| usake bigar3a jAne para smati nahIM hotii| isalie "mastiSka hI jJAna kA adhiSThAna hai|" usase pRthaka AtmA nAmaka tattva ko svIkAra karane kI koI AvazyakatA nhiiN| yaha tarka bhI AtmavAdI ke lie nagaNya hai| jaise indriyAM bAharI vastuoM ko jAnane ke sAdhana haiM, vaise mastiSka indriyajJAna viSayaka ciMtana aura smRti kA sAdhana hai, usake vikRta hone para yathArtha smati nahIM hotii| phira bhI pAgala vyakti meM cetanA kI kriyA cAla rahatI hai, vaha usase bhI pare kI zakti kI preraNA hai| sAdhanoM kI kamI hone para AtmA kI jJAna-zakti vikala ho jAtI hai, naSTa nahIM hotii| mastiSka vikRta ho jAne para athavA use nikAla dene para bhI khAnApInA, calanA-phiranA, hilanA-DulanA, zvAsa-ucchvAsa lenA AdiAdi prANa-kriyAeM hotI haiN| ve yaha batAtI haiM ki mastiSka ke atirikta jIvana kI koI dUsarI zakti hai| usI zakti ke kAraNa zarIra ke anubhava aura prANa kI kriyA hotI hai| mastiSka se cetanA kA sambandha hai| ise AtmavAdI bhI svIkAra nahIM krte| 'tandulaveyAliya' grantha ke anusAra isa zarIra meM 160 UrdhvagAminI aura rasahAriNI zirAeM haiM, jo nAbhi se nikalakara TheTha sira taka pahuMcatI haiM / ve svastha hotI haiM, taba taka AMkha, kAna, nAka aura jIbha kA bala ThIka rahatA hai| bhAratIya Ayurveda ke mata meM bhI mastaka prANa aura iMdriya kA kendra mAnA gayA hai "prANAH prANabhRtAM yatra, tathA sarvendriyANi ca / yaduttamAGgamaGgAnAM, zirastadabhidhIyate ||-crk

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AtmavAda mastiSka caitanya sahAyaka dhamaniyoM kA jAla hai| isalie mastiSka kI amuka zirA kATa dene se amuka prakAra kI anubhUti na ho, isase yaha phalita nahIM hotA ki cetanA mastiSka kI upaja pradeza aura jIvakoSa AtmA asaMkhya-pradezI hai| eka, do, tIna pradeza jIva nahIM hote / paripUrNa asaMkhya pradeza ke samudAya kA nAma jIva hai| vaha asaMkhya jIva-koSoM kA piNDa nahIM hai| vaijJAnika asaMkhya selsajIvakoSoM ke dvArA prANI-zarIra aura cetana kA nirmANa honA batalAte haiN| ve zarIra taka sImita haiN| zarIra asthAyI hai-eka paudgalika avasthA hai| usakA nirmANa hotA hai aura vaha rUpI hai, isalie aMgopAMga dekhe jA sakate haiN| unakA vizleSaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| AtmA sthAyI aura abhautika dravya hai| vaha utpanna nahIM hotA aura vaha arUpI hai, kisI prakAra bhI iMdriya-zakti se dekhA nahIM jaataa| ataeva jIva-koSoM ke dvArA AtmA kI utpatti batalAnA bhUla hai| pradeza bhI AtmA ke ghaTaka nahIM haiN| ve svayaM AtmarUpa haiN| AtmA kA parimANa jAnane ke lie usameM unakA Aropa kiyA gayA hai| yadi ve vAstavika avayava hote to unameM saMgaThana, vighaTana yA nyUnAdhikya hae binA nahIM rahatA / vAstavika pradeza kevala paudgalika skandhoM meM milate haiN| ata eva unameM saMghAta yA bheda hotA rahatA hai| AtmA akhaMDa dravya hai| usameM saMghAtavighAta kabhI nahIM hote aura na usake eka-do-tIna Adi pradeza jIva kahe jAte haiN| AtmA kRtsna, paripUrNa lokAkAza tulya pradeza parimANa vAlI hai| eka tantu bhI paTa kA upakArI hotA hai| usake binA paTa pUrA nahIM banatA / parantu eka taMtu paTa nahIM kahA jaataa| eka rUpa meM samudita taMtuoM kA nAma paTa hai / vaise hI jIva kA eka pradeza jIva nahIM kahA jAtA / asaMkhya cetana pradezoM kA eka piNDa hai, usI kA nAma jIva hai| astitva siddhi ke do prakAra pratyeka padArtha kA astitva do prakAra se siddha hotA haisAdhaka pramANa se aura bAdhaka pramANa ke abhAva se| jaise sAdhaka pramANa apanI sattA ke mAdhyama kA astitva siddha karatA hai, ThIka

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA usI prakAra bAdhaka pramANa na milane se bhI usakA astitva siddha ho jAtA hai| AtmA ko siddha karane ke lie sAdhaka pramANa aneka milate haiM, kintu bAdhaka pramANa eka bhI aisA nahIM milatA, jo AtmA kA niSedhaka ho / isase jAnA jAtA hai ki AtmA eka svataMtra dravya hai| hAM, yaha nizcita hai ki indriyoM ke dvArA usakA grahaNa nahIM hotaa| phira bhI AtmA ke astitva meM yaha bAdhaka nahIM, kyoMki bAdhaka vaha bana sakatA hai, jo usa viSaya ko jAnane meM samartha ho aura anya pUrI sAmagrI hone para bhI use na jAna ske| jaise---AMkha ghaTa, paTa Adi ko dekha sakatI hai, para jisa samaya ucita sAmIpya evaM prakAza Adi sAmagrI hone para bhI vaha unako na dekha sake, taba vaha usa viSaya kI bAdhaka mAnI jA sakatI hai| iMdriyoM kI grahaNazakti parimita hai| ve sirpha pArzvavartI aura sthUla paudgalika padArthoM ko hI jAna sakatI haiN| AtmA apaudgalika (abhautika) padArtha hai| isalie iMdriyoM dvArA AtmA ko na jAna sakanA nahIM kahA jA sakatA / yadi hama bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hone se kisI padArtha kA sadbhAva mAneM taba to phira padArtha-kalpanA kI bAr3ha-sI A jaaegii| unakA kyA upAya hogA? ThIka hai, yaha saMdeha ho sakatA hai, kintu bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva sAdhaka pramANa ke dvArA padArtha kA sadabhAva sthApita kara dene para hI kAryakara hotA hai| AtmA ke sAdhaka pramANa milate haiM, isalie usakI sthApanA kI jAtI hai| usa para bhI yadi saMdeha kiyA jAtA hai, taba AtmavAdiyoM ko vaha hetu bhI anAtmavAdiyoM ke sAmane rakhanA jarUrI ho jAtA hai ki Apa yaha to batalAeM ki 'AtmA nahIM hai| isakA pramANa kyA hai ? 'AtmA hai' isakA pramANa caitanya kI upalabdhi hai| cetanA hamAre pratyakSa hai| usake dvArA apratyakSa AtmA kA bhI sadbhAva siddha hotA hai / jaise-dhUma ko dekhakara manuSya agni kA jJAna kara letA hai, Atapa ko dekhakara sUryodaya kA jJAna kara letA hai-isakA kAraNa rahI hai ki dhuAM agni kA, Atapa sUryodaya kA avinAbhAvI haiusake binA ve nizcitarUpeNa nahIM hote| cetana bhUta-samudAya kA kArya yA bhUta-dharma hai, yaha nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki bhUta jar3a hai| bhUta aura cetanA meM atyantAbhAva-trikAlavartI virodha hotA hai| cetana kabhI acetana aura acetana kabhI cetana nahIM bana sktaa|

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AtmavAda loka-sthiti kA nirUpaNa karate hue bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA haijIva ajIva ho jAe aura ajIva jIva ho jAe, aisA na kabhI huA, na hotA hai aura na kabhI hogaa| isalie hameM AtmA kI jar3a vastu se bhinna sattA svIkAra karanI hotI hai / yadyapi kaI vicAraka AtmA ko jar3a padArtha kA vikasita rUpa mAnate haiM, kintu yaha saMgata nahIM hai / vikAsa apane dharma ke anukUla hI hotA hai aura ho sakatA hai / caitanyahIna jar3a padArtha se cetanAvAn AtmA kA upajanA vikAsa nahIM kahA jA sakatA / yaha to sarvathA asat-kAryavAda hai| isalie jar3atva aura cetanatva-ina do virodhI mahAzaktiyoM ko eka mUla tattvagata na mAnanA hI yuktisaMgata hai| svataMtra sattA kA hetu dravya kA svataMtra astitva usake vizeSa guNa dvArA siddha hotA hai| anya dravyoM meM na milane vAlA guNa jisameM mile, vaha svataMtra dravya hotA hai| sAmAnya guNa jo kaI dravyoM meM mile, unase pRthak dravya kI sthApanA nahIM hotii| caitanya AtmA kA viziSTa guNa hai / vaha usake sivAya aura kahIM nahIM milatA / ataeva AtmA svataMtra dravya hai aura usameM padArtha ke vyApaka lakSaNa-arthakriyAkAritva aura sata-donoM ghaTita hote haiN| padArtha vahI hai jo pratikSaNa apanI kriyA karatA rhe| athavA padArtha vahI hai jo sat ho yAnI pUrva-pUrvavartI avasthAoM ko tyAgatA huA, uttara-uttaravartI avasthAoM ko prApta karatA haA bhI apane svarUpa ko na tyAge / AtmA meM jAnane kI kriyA niraMtara hotI rahatI hai| jJAna kA pravAha eka kSaNa ke lie bhI nahIM rukatA aura vaha (AtmA) utpAda, vyaya ke srota meM bahatI huI bhI dhruva hai| bAlya, yauvana, jarA Adi avasthAoM evaM manuSya, pazu Adi zarIroM kA parivartana hone para bhI usakA caitanya akSuNNa rahatA hai| AtmA meM rUpa, AkAra evaM vajana nahIM, phira vaha dravya hI kyA ? yaha nirAdhAra zaMkA hai| kyoMki ve saba pudgala dravya ke avAntara lakSaNa haiN| saba padArthoM meM unakA honA Avazyaka nahIM hotaa| punarjanma mRtyu ke pazcAt kyA hogA ? kyA hamArA astitva sthAyI hai yA vaha miTa jAegA ? isa prazna para anAtmavAdI kA uttara yaha hai ki vartamAna jIvana samApta hone para bhI kucha nahIM hai| pAMca bhUtoM se

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA prANa banatA hai| unake abhAva meM prANa-nAza ho jAtA hai--mRtyu ho jAtI hai| phira kucha bhI bacA nahIM rhtaa| AtmavAdo AtmA ko zAzvata mAnate haiN| isalie unhoMne punarjanma ke siddhAnta kI sthApanA kii| karma-lipta AtmA kA janma ke pazcAt mRtyu aura mRtyu ke pazcAt janma honA nizcita hai| saMkSepa meM yahI punarjanmavAda kA siddhAnta hai| janma ke bAda mRtyu aura mRtyu ke bAda janma kI paramparA calatI hai-yaha vizva kI sthiti hai| jIva apane hI pramAda se bhinna-bhinna janmAMtara karate haiN| punarjanma karma-saMgI jIvoM ke hI hotA AyUSya-karma ke pudagala-paramANa jIva meM UMcI-nIcI, tirachIlambI aura choTI-bar3I gati kI zakti utpanna karate haiN| isI ke anusAra jIva nae janma-sthAna meM jA utpanna hote haiN| rAga-dveSa karma-bandha ke aura karma janma-mRtyu kI paramparA ke kAraNa haiN| isa viSaya meM sabhI kriyAvAdI ekamata haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke zabdoM meM-krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha-ye punarjanma ke mUla ko poSaNa dene vAle haiN| gItA kahatI hai-jaise phaTe hue kapar3e ko chor3akara manuSya nayA kapar3A pahanatA hai, vaise hI purAne zarIra ko chor3akara prANI mRtyu ke bAda naye zarIra ko dhAraNa karate haiN| yaha Avartana pravRtti se hotA hai| mahAtmA buddha ne apane paira meM cubhane vAle kAMTe ko punarjanma meM kiye hue prANI-vadha kA vipAka btaayaa| nava-zizu ke harSa, bhaya, zoka Adi hote haiN| usakA kAraNa pUrvajanma kI smRti hai| nava zizu stana-pAna karane lagatA hai| yaha pUrvajanma meM kie hue AhAra ke abhyAsa se hI hotA hai| jisa prakAra yuvaka kA zarIra bAlaka-zarIra kI uttaravartI avasthA hai, vaise hI bAlaka kA zarIra pUrvajanma ke bAda meM hone vAlI avasthA hai| yaha deha-prApti kI avasthA hai| isakA jo adhikArI hai, vaha AtmadehI hai| / vartamAna ke sukha-duHkha anya sukha-duHkhapUrvaka hote haiN| sukha-duHkha kA anubhava vahI kara sakatA hai, jo pahale unakA anubhava kara cukA hai| nava zizu ko jo sukha-duHkha kA anubhava hotA hai, vaha bhI pUrva

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AtmavAda 65 anubhava-yukta hai / jIvana kA moha aura mRtyu kA bhaya pUrvabaddha saMskAroM kA pariNAma hai| yadi pUrvajanma meM inakA anubhava na huA hotA to navotpanna prANiyoM meM aisI vRttiyAM nahIM miltiiN| isa prakAra bhAratIya AtmavAdiyoM ne vividha yuktiyoM se pUrvajanma kA samarthana kiyA hai| pAzcAtya dArzanika bhI isa viSaya meM mauna nahIM dArzanika pleTo ne kahA hai ki-"AtmA sadA apane lie nayenaye vastra bunatI hai tathA AtmA meM eka aisI naisargika zakti hai, jo dhruva rahegI aura aneka bAra janma legii|" dArzanika zopanahAra ke zabdoM meM pUnarjanma niHsaMdigdha tattva hai| hai| jaise-"maiMne yaha bhI nivedana kiyA ki jo koI punarjanma ke bAre meM pahale-pahala sunatA hai, use bhI vaha spaSTa-rUpeNa pratIta ho jAtA hai|" antara-kAla prANI maratA hai aura janmatA hai, eka zarIra ko chor3atA hai aura dUsarA zarIra banAtA hai| mRtyu aura janma ke bIca kA samaya antara-kAla kahA jAtA hai| usakA parimANa eka, do, tIna yA cAra samaya taka kA hai / antara-kAla meM sthUla zarIra-rahita AtmA kI gati hotI hai| usakA nAma 'antarAla-gati' hai| vaha do prakAra kI hotI hai-Rju aura vakra / mRtyu-sthAna se janma-sthAna sarala rekhA meM hotA hai, vahAM AtmA kI gati RjU hotI hai| aura vaha viSama rekhA meM hotA hai, vahAM gati vakra hotI hai| Rju gati meM sirpha eka samaya lagatA hai| usameM AtmA ko nayA prayatna nahIM karanA pdd'taa| kyoMki jaba vaha pUrvazarIra chor3atA hai taba use pUrva-zarIra-janya vega milatA hai aura vaha dhanuSa se chUTe hue bANa kI taraha sIdhe hI naye janma-sthAna meM pahuMca jAtA hai| vakra gati meM ghumAva karane par3ate haiN| unake lie dUsare prayatnoM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| ghUmane kA sthAna Ate hI pUrva-dehajanita vega maMda par3a jAtA hai aura sUkSma zarIra (kArmaNa zarIra) dvArA jIva nayA prayatna karatA hai| isalie usameM samaya-saMkhyA bar3ha jAtI hai / eka ghumAva vAlI vakragati meM do samaya, do ghumAva vAlI meM tIna samaya aura tIna ghumAva vAlI meM cAra samaya lagate haiM / isakA tarkasaMgata kAraNa loka-saMsthAna hai| sAmAnyataH yaha loka Urdhva, adhaH,

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jainadarzana meM tasva-mImAMsA tiryag- ina tIna bhAgoM meM tathA jIvotpatti kI apekSA trasa-nAr3I aura sthAvara-nAr3I, ina do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai / dvisAmayika gati Urdhvaloka kI pUrva dizA se adholoka kI pazcima dizA meM utpanna hone vAle jIva kI gati ekavakA dvisAmayikI hotI hai| pahale samaya meM samazreNI meM gamana karatA huA jIva adholoka meM jAtA hai aura dUsare samaya meM tiryagvartI apane utpatti-kSetra meM pahuMca jAtA trisAmayikI gati Urdhva dizAvartI agnikoNa se adhodizAvartI vAyavya koNa meM utpanna hone vAle jIva kI gati dvivakrA trisAmayikI hotI hai| pahale samaya meM jIva samazreNI gati se nIce AtA hai, dUsare samaya meM tirachA calakara pazcima dizA meM aura tIsare samaya meM tirachA calakara vAyavya koNa meM apane janma-sthAna para pahuMca jAtA hai| sthAvara-nAr3I gata adholoka kI vidizA ke isa pAra se usa pAra kI sthAvara-nAr3I gata Urdhvaloka kI dizA meM paidA hone vAle jIva kI 'trivakrA catuH sAmayikI' gati hotI hai| eka samaya adhovartI vidizA se dizA meM pahuMcane meM, dUsarA samaya trasa-nAr3I meM praveza karane meM, tIsarA samaya Urdhvagamana meM aura cauthA samaya trasa-nAr3I se nikala usa pAra sthAvara nAr3I gata utpatti-sthAna taka pahuMcane meM lagatA hai / AtmA sthUla zarIra ke abhAva meM bhI sUkSma zarIra dvArA , gati karatI hai aura mRtyu ke bAda vaha dUsare sthUla zarIra meM praveza nahIM karatI, kintu svayaM usakA nirmANa karatI hai tathA saMsAraavasthA meM vaha sUkSma-zarIra-mukta kabhI nahIM hotii| ataeva punarjanma kI prakriyA meM koI bAdhA nahIM aatii| janma-vyutkrama aura iMdriya AtmA kA eka janma se dUsare janma meM utpanna honA saMkrAMtikAla hai| usameM AtmA kI jJAnAtmaka sthiti kaise rahatI hai. isa para hameM kucha vicAra karanA hai / antarAla-gati meM AtmA ke sthUla-zarIra nahIM hotaa| usake abhAva se AMkha, kAna, nAka Adi iMdriyAM nahIM hotiiN| vaisI sthiti meM jIva kA jIvatva kaise TikA rahe ? kama se kama eka iMdriya kI jJAnamAtrA to prANI ke lie anivArya hai| jisameM

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AtmavAda 67 yaha nahIM hotI, vaha prANI bhI nahIM hotA / isa samasyA ko zAstrakAroM ne syAdvAda ke AdhAra para sulajhAyA hai / gautama ne pUchA - bhagavan ! eka janma se dUsare janma meM vyutkramyamANa jIva sa-indriya hotA hai yA ana - indriya ? bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA- gautama ! dravyendriya kI apekSA se jIva ana-indriya vyutkrAMta hotA hai aura labdhIndriya kI apekSA se sa- indriya AtmA meM jJAnendriya kI zakti antarAlagati meM bhI hotI hai / tvacA, netra Adi sahAyaka indriyAM nahIM hotIM / use sva-saMvedana kA anubhava hotA hai / kiMtu sahAyaka indriyoM ke abhAva meM iMdriya-zakti kA upayoga nahIM hotA / sahAyaka indriyoM kA nirmANa sthUla zarIraracanA ke samaya indriya-jJAna kI zakti ke anupAta para hotA hai / eka iMdriya kI yogyatA vAle prANI kI zarIra racanA meM tvacA ke sivAya aura indriyoM kI AkRtiyAM nahIM banatIM / dvIndriya Adi jAtiyoM meM kramazaH rasana, ghrANa, cakSu aura zrotra kI racanA hotI hai / donoM prakAra kI indriyoM ke sahayoga se prANI indriya- jJAna kA upayoga karate haiM / sva-niyamana jIva svayaM-cAlita hai / svayaM cAlita kA artha para - sahayoga - nirapekSa nahIM, kiMtu saMcAlaka - nirapekSa hai / jIva kI pratIti usI ke utthAna, bala, vIrya, puruSAkAra, parAkrama se hotI hai / utthAna Adi zarIra se utpanna haiM / zarIra jIva dvArA niSpanna hai / krama isa prakAra banatA hai-- jIvaprabhava zarIra, zarIra - prabhava vIrya, vIryaprabhava yoga ( mana, vANI aura karma ) / do prakAra kA hotA hai - labdhi-vIrya aura karaNa - vIrya / labdhi-vIyaM sattAtmaka zakti hai / usakI dRSTi se saba jIva savIrya hote haiM / karaNa - vIrya kriyAtmaka zakti hai / yaha jIva aura zarIra donoM ke sahayoga se utpanna hotI hai / jIva meM sakriyatA hotI hai, isalie vaha paudgalika karma kA saMgraha yA svIkaraNa karatA hai / vaha paudgalika karma kA saMgrahaNa karatA hai, isalie usase prabhAvita hotA hai /

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA katRtva aura phala-bhoktRtva eka hI zRMkhalA ke do sire haiN| kartatva svayaM kA aura phala-bhoktRtva ke lie dUsarI sattA kA niyamana-aisI sthiti nahIM bntii| phala-prApti icchA-niyaMtrita nahIM, kintu kriyA-niyaMtrita hai| hiMsA, asatya Adi kriyA ke dvArA karma-pudgaloM kA saMcaya kara jIva bhArI bana jAte haiN| inakI virakti karane vAlA jIva karma-pudagaloM kA saMcaya nahIM karatA, isalie vaha bhArI nahIM banatA / ___ jIva karma ke bhAra se jitanA adhika bhArI hotA hai, vaha utanI hI adhika nimnagati meM utpanna hotA hai aura halkA urdhvagati meM / gurukarmA jIva icchA na hone para bhI adhogati meM jaayegaa| karmapUdagaloM ko, use kahAM le jAnA hai, yaha jJAna nahIM hotA / kita parabhava-yogya AyuSya karma-pudgaloM kA jo saMgraha huA hotA hai, vaha pakate hI apanI kriyA prArambha kara detA hai| pahale jIvana yAnI vartamAna AyuSya ke karma-paramANuoM kI kriyA samApta hote hI agale AyuSya ke karma-pudgala apanI kriyA prArambha kara dete haiN| do AyuSya ke karma-pudgala jIva ko eka sAtha prabhAvita nahIM krte| ve pudgala jisa sthAna ke upayukta bane hote haiM, usI sthAna para jIva ko ghasITa le jAte haiN| una pudgaloM kI gati unakI rAsAyanika kriyA (rasa-baMdha yA anubhAga-baMdha) ke anurUpa hotI hai| jIva unase baddha hotA hai, isalie use bhI vahIM jAnA par3atA hai| isa prakAra eka janma se dUso janma meM gati aura Agati sva-niyamana se hI hotI hai|

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karmavAda bhArata ke sabhI Astika darzanoM meM jagat kI vibhakti, vicitratA aura sAdhana-tulya hone para bhI phala ke tAratamya yA antara ko sahetuka mAnA hai| usa hetu ko vedAntI 'avidyA', bauddha 'vAsanA' sAMkhya 'kleza' aura nyAya-vaizeSika 'adaSTa' tathA jaina 'karma' kahate haiN| kaI darzana karma kA sAmAnya nirdeza-mAtra karate haiM aura kaI usake vibhinna pahaluoM para vicAra karate-karate bahuta Age bar3ha jAte haiN| nyAya-darzana ke anusAra adaSTa AtmA kA guNa hai| acche-bure karmoM kA AtmA para saMskAra par3atA hai, vaha adRSTa hai| jaba taka usakA phala nahIM mila jAtA, taba taka vaha AtmA ke sAtha rahatA hai, usakA phala Izvara ke mAdhyama se milatA hai| kAraNa ki yadi Izvara karmaphala kI vyavasthA na kare to karma niSphala ho jaaeN| sAMkhya karma ko prakRti kA vikAra mAnatA hai| acchI-burI pravRttiyoM kA prakRti para saMskAra par3atA hai| usa prakRtigata-saMskAra se hI karmoM ke phala milate hai| bauddhoM ne cittagata vAsanA ko karma mAnA hai| yahI kArya-kAraNabhAva ke rUpa meM sukha-duHkha kA hetu banatI hai| ___ jaina-dazana karma ko svataMtra tattva mAnatA hai| karma ananta paramANaoM ke skandha haiN| ve samUce loka meM jIvAtmA kI acchIburI pravRttiyoM ke dvArA usake sAtha bandha jAte haiM, yaha unakI badhyamAna (baMdha) avasthA hai / baMdhane ke bAda unakA paripAka hotA hai, vaha sat (sattA) avasthA hai| paripAka ke bAda unase sukha-duHkharUpa tathA AvaraNarUpa phala milatA hai, vaha udayamAna (udaya) avasthA hai| anya darzanoM meM karmoM kI kriyamANa, saMcita aura prArabdha-ye tona avasthAeM batAI gaI haiN| ve ThIka kramaza: bandha, sat aura udaya kI samAnArthaka haiM / baMdha ke prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza-ye cAra prakAra haiN| udIraNA-karma kA zIghra phala milanA, udvatana-karma kI

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA sthiti aura vipAka kI vRddhi honA, apavartana - karma kI sthiti aura vipAka meM kamI honA, saMkramaNa - karma kI sajAtIya prakRtiyoM kA eka-dUsare ke rUpa meM badalanA, Adi-Adi avasthAeM jainoM ke karmasiddhAMta ke vikAsa kI sUcaka haiM / 10 bandha ke kAraNa kyA haiM baMdhe hue karmoM kA phala nizcita hotA hai yA anizcita ? karma jisa rUpa meM baMdhate haiM usa rUpa meM unakA phala milatA hai yA anyathA dharma karane vAlA duHkhI aura adharma karane vAlA sukhI kaise ? Adi-Adi viSayoM para jaina granthakAroM ne vistRta vivecana kiyA hai / AtmA kA AMtarika vAtAvaraNa padArtha ke asaMyukta rUpa meM zakti kA tAratamya nahIM hotA / dUsare padArtha se saMyukta hone para hI usakI zakti nyUna yA adhika banatI hai / dUsarA padArtha zakti kA bAdhaka hotA hai, vaha nyUna ho jAtI hai / bAdhA haTatI hai, vaha prakaTa ho jAtI hai / saMyoga - dazA meM yaha hrAsa vikAsa krama calatA hI rahatA hai / asaMyoga - dazA meM padArtha kA sahaja rUpa prakaTa ho jAtA hai, phira usameM hrAsa yA vikAsa kucha bhI nahIM hotA / 1 AtmA kI Antarika yogyatA ke tAratamya kA kAraNa karma hai / karma ke saMyoga se vaha (Antarika yogyatA ) AvRta hotI hai yA vikRta hotI hai / karma ke vilaya ( saMyoga ) se usakA svabhAvodaya hotA hai| bAharI sthiti Antarika sthiti ko uttejita kara AtmA para prabhAva DAla sakatI hai, sIdhA nhiiN| zuddha yA karma- mukta AtmA para bAharI paristhiti kA koI bhI asara nahIM hotA / azuddha yA karma-vaddha AtmA para hI usakA prabhAva hotA hai, vaha bhI azuddhi kI mAtrA ke anupAta se | zuddhi kI mAtrA bar3hatI hai, bAharI vAtAvaraNa kA asara kama hotA hai / zuddhi kI mAtrA kama hotI hai, bAharI vAtAvaraNa chA jAtA hai / paristhiti hI pradhAna hotI to zuddha aura azuddha padArtha para samAna asara hotA, kiMtu aisA nahIM hotA / paristhiti uttejaka hai, kAraka nahIM / vijAtIya sambandha vicAraNA kI dRSTi se AtmA ke bhAva sarvAdhika ghaniSTha sambaMdha karma - pudgaloM kA hai / samIpavartI kA jo prabhAva par3atA hai, vaha dUravartI kA nahIM par3atA / paristhiti dUravartI

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karmavAda ghaTanA hai / vaha karma kI upekSA kara AtmA ko prabhAvita nahIM kara sktii| usakI pahuMca karma-saMghaTanA taka hI hai| usase karma-saMghaTanA prabhAvita hotI hai, phira usase aatmaa| jo paristhiti karma-saMsthAna ko prabhAvita na kara sake, usakA AtmA para koI asara nahIM hotaa| bAharI paristhiti sAmUhika hotI hai| karma ko vaiyaktika paristhiti kahA jA sakatA hai| yahI karma kI sattA kA svayaMbhUpramANa hai| paristhiti kAla, kSetra, svAbhAva, puruSArtha, niyati aura karma kI sahasthiti kA nAma hI paristhiti hai| . kAla, kSetra, svabhAva, puruSArtha, niyati aura karma se hI saba kucha hotA hai, yaha ekAMgI-dRSTikoNa mithyA hai|| kAla, kSetra, svabhAva, puruSArtha, niyati aura karma se bhI kucha hotA hai, yaha sApekSa-daSTikoNa satya hai| __ vartamAna ke jana-mAnasa meM kAla-maryAdA, kSetra-maryAdA, svabhAvamaryAdA, puruSArtha-maryAdA aura niyati maryAdA kA jaisA spaSTa viveka anekAMta-darzana hai, vaisA karma-maryAdA kA nahIM rahA hai| jo kucha hotA hai, vaha karma se hI hotA hai-aisA ghoSa sAdhAraNa ho gayA hai / yaha ekAMtavAda saca nahIM hai| Atma-guNa kA vikAsa kama se nahIM hotA, karma ke vilaya se hotA hai| paristhitivAda ke ekAnta Agraha ke prati jaina-dRSTi yaha hai-roga deza-kAla kI sthiti se hI paidA nahIM hotA, kintu deza-kAla kI sthiti se karma-uttejanA (udIraNA) hotI hai aura uttejita karma-pudgala roga paidA karate haiM / isa prakAra jitanI bhI bAharI paristhitiyAM haiM, ve saba karma-pudgaloM meM uttejanA lAtI haiM / uttejita karma :pudgala AtmA meM vibhinna prakAra ke parivartana lAte haiM / parivartana padArtha kA svabhAva-siddha dharma hai| vaha saMyoga kRta hotA hai taba vibhAga rUpa hotA hai aura yadi dUsare ke saMyoga se nahIM hotA, taba usakI pariNati svAbhAvika ho jAtI hai| karma kI paudgalikatA ___ anya darzana karma ko jahAM saMskAra yA vAsanArUpa mAnate haiM, vahAM jaina-darzana use paudgalika mAnatA hai| jisa vastu kA jo guNa hotA hai, vaha usakA vighAtaka nahIM bntaa|' AtmA kA guNa usake

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72 jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA lie AvaraNa, pAratantrya aura duHkha kA hetu kaise bane ? karma jIvAtmA ke AvaraNa, pAratantrya aura duHkhoM kA hetu hai, guNoM kA vighAtaka hai| isalie vaha AtmA kA guNa nahIM ho sktaa| __ ber3I se manuSya baMdhatA hai| surApAna se pAgala banatA hai| klorophArma se bebhAna banatA hai| ye saba paudgalika vastueM haiM / ThIka isI prakAra karma ke saMyoga se bhI AtmA kI ye dazAeM banatI haiN| isalie vaha bhI paudgalika hai| ye ber3I Adi bAharI baMdhana alpa sAmarthya vAlI vastueM haiN| karma AtmA ke sAtha cipake hae tathA adhika sAmarthya vAle sUkSma skaMdha haiN| isalie unakI apekSA karma-paramANuoM kA jIvAtmA para gaharA aura Antarika prabhAva par3atA zarIra paudgalika hai, usakA kAraNa karma hai| isalie vaha bhI paudgalika hai / paudgalika kArya kA samavAyI kAraNa paudgalika hotA hai / miTTI bhautika hai to usase banane vAlA padArtha bhautika hI hogaa| AhAra Adi anukUla sAmagrI se sukhAnubhUti aura zastra-prahAra Adi se duHkhAnubhUti hotI hai| AhAra aura zastra paudgalika haiM, isI prakAra sukha-duHkha ke hetubhUta karma bhI paudgalika haiN| - bandha kI apekSA se jIva aura pudgala abhinna haiM-ekameka haiN| lakSaNa kI apekSA se ve bhinna haiN| jIva cetana hai aura pudgala acetana, jIva amUrta hai aura pudgala mUrta / indriya ke viSaya sparza Adi mUrta haiN| usako bhoganevAlI indriyAM mUrta haiM / unase hone vAlA sukha-duHkha mUrta hai| isalie unake kAraNa-bhUta karma bhI mUrta haiN| ___mUrta hI mUrta ko sparza karatA hai| mUrta hI mUrta se baMdhatA hai| amUrta jIva mUrta karmoM ko avakAza detA hai| vaha una karmoM se avakAza-rUpa ho jAtA hai| gItA, upaniSad Adi meM acche-bure kAryoM ko jaise karma kahA hai, vaise jaina-darzana meM karma zabda kriyA kA vacaka nahIM hai| usake anusAra vaha (karma-zabda) AtmA para lage hue sUkSma paudgalika padArtha kA vAcaka hai|

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karmavAda 73 AtmA kI pratyeka sUkSma aura sthUla mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika pravRtti ke dvArA usakA AkarSaNa hotA hai / isake bAda svIkaraNa (AtmIkaraNa yA jIva aura karma - paramANuoM kA ekIbhAva ) hotA hai / karma ke hetuoM ko bhAva- karma yA 'mala' aura karma - pudgaloM ko dravya-karma yA 'raja' kahA jAtA hai| inameM nimitta naimittika bhAva hai / bhAva-karma se dravya-karma kA saMgraha aura dravya-karma ke udaya se bhAva - karma tIvra hotA hai / AtmA aura karma kA saMbaMdha AtmA amUrta hai, taba usakA mUrta karma se sambandha kaise ho sakatA ? yaha bhI koI jaTila samasyA nahIM hai / prAyaH sabhI Astika darzanoM ne saMsAra aura jIvAtmA ko anAdi mAnA hai / vaha anAdikAla se hI karmabaddha aura vikArI hai / karmabaddha AtmAeM kathaMcit mUrta haiM arthAt nizcayadRSTi ke anusAra svarUpataH amUrta hote hue bhI ve saMsAradazA meM mUrta hotI haiM / jIva do prakAra ke haiM-rUpI aura arUpI / mukta jIva arUpI haiM aura saMsArI jIva rUpI / karma-mukta AtmA ke phira kabhI karma kA bandha nahIM hotA / karma - baddha AtmA ke hI karma baMdhate haiM - una donoM kA apazcAnupUrvI ( na pahale aura na pIche ) rUpa se anAdikAlIna sambandha calA A rahA hai| amUrta jJAna para mUrta mAdaka dravyoM kA asara hotA hai, vaha amUrta ke sAtha mUrta kA sambandha hue binA nahIM ho sakatA / isase jAnA jAtA hai ki vikArI amUrta AtmA ke sAtha mUrta kA sambandha hone meM koI Apatti nahIM AtI / baMdha ke hetu karma-sambandha ke anukUla AtmA kI pariNati yA yogyatA hI baMdha kA hetu hai / bandha ke hetuoM kA nirUpaNa aneka rUpoM meM huA hai / hai ? ' gautama ne pUchA - 'bhagavan ! jIva kAMkSA - mohanIya karma bAMdhatA bhagavAn - 'gautama ! bAMdhatA hai / '

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA gautama---'bhagavan ! vaha kina kAraNoM se bAMdhatA hai ?' bhagavAn-'gautama ! usake do hetu haiM-pramAda aura yoga / ' gautama-'bhagavan ! pramAda kisase utpanna hotA hai ?' bhagavAn-'yoga se|' gautama-'yoga kisase utpanna hotA hai ?' bhagavAn-'vIrya se|' gautama-'vIrya kisase utpanna hotA hai ?' bhagavAn-'zarIra se|' gautama-'zarIra kisase utpanna hotA ?' bhagavAn-'jIva se|' tAtparya yaha hai ki jIva zarIra kA nirmAtA hai| kriyAtmaka vIrya kA sAdhana zarIra hai| zarIradhArI jIva hI pramAda aura yoga ke dvArA karma (kAMkSAmohanIya) kA baMdha karatA hai| sthAnAMga aura prajJApanA meM karmabaMdha ke krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha-ye cAra kAraNa batalAeM haiN| baMdha mAkaMdikaputra ne pUchA-'bhagavan ! bhAva-baMdha kitane prakAra kA bhagavAn ne kahA-'mAkaMdikaputra ! bhAva-baMdha do prakAra kA hai--mUla-prakRti-baMdha aura uttara-prakRti-baMdha / ' baMdha AtmA aura karma ke sambandha kI pahalI avasthA hai| vaha cAra prakAra kI hai-prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza / 1. pradeza ___ bandha kA artha hai-AtmA aura karma kA saMyoga aura karma kA nirmApaNa-vyavasthAkaraNa / grahaNa ke samaya karma-pudgala avibhakta hote haiN| grahaNa ke pazcAt ve AtmapradezoM ke sAtha ekIbhUta hote haiN| yaha pradeza-baMdha (yA ekIbhAva kI vyavasthA) hai| 2. prakRti ve karma-paramANu kArya-bheda ke anusAra ATha vargoM meM baMTa jAte haiN| isakA nAma prakRti-baMdha (svabhAva-vyavasthA) hai| karma kI mUla prakRtiyAM (svabhAva) ATha haiM-1. jJAnAvaraNa, 2. darzanAvaraNa,

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karmavAda 75 3. vedanIya, 4. mohanIya, 5. AyuSya, 6. nAma, 7. gotra, antraay| 3. sthiti yaha kAla-maryAdA kI vyavasthA hai| pratyeka karma AtmA ke sAtha nizcita samaya taka hI raha sakatA hai / sthiti pakane para vaha AtmA se alaga jA par3atA hai / yaha sthiti-baMdha hai| 4. anubhAga yaha phaladAna-zakti kI vyavasthA hai| isake anusAra una pudgaloM meM rasa kI tIvratA aura maMdatA kA nirmANa hotA hai| yaha anubhAga-baMdha hai| baMdha ke cAroM prakAra eka sAtha hI hote haiN| karma kI vyavasthA ke ye cAroM pradhAna aMga haiM / AtmA ke sAtha karma-pudgaloM ke AzleSa yA ekIbhAva kI dRSTi se 'pradeza-baMdha' sabase pahalA hai / isake hote hI unameM svabhAva-nirmANa, kAla-maryAdA aura phala zakti kA nirmANa ho jAtA hai / isake bAda amuka-amuka svabhAva, sthiti aura rasa-zakti vAlA pudagala samaha amuka-amuka parimANa meM baMTa jAtA hai| yaha parimANa-vibhAga bhI pradeza-baMdha hai| baMdha vargIkaraNa kA mUla bindu svabhAva-nirmANa hai| sthiti aura rasa kA nirmANa usake sAtha-sAtha ho jAtA hai / parimANa-vibhAga isakA antima vibhAga hai / karma : svarUpa aura kArya inameM cAra koTi kI pudgala-vargaNAeM cetanA aura Atmazakti kI AvAraka, vikAraka aura pratirodhaka haiN| cetanA ke do rUpa haiM 1. jJAna--jAnanA, vastu-svarUpa kA vimarza krnaa| 2. darzana---sAkSAt karanA, vastu kA svarUpa-grahaNa / jJAna aura darzana ke AvAraka pudgala kramazaH 'jJAnAvaraNa' aura 'darzanAvaraNa' kahalAte haiN| AtmA ko vikRta banAne vAle pudgaloM kI saMkhyA 'mohanIya' Atmazakti kA pratirodha karane vAle pudgala antarAya kahalAte haiN| ye cAra ghAtyakarma haiN|

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76 jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA vedanIya, nAma, gotra aura Ayu-ye cAra aghAtyakarma haiN| ghAtyakarma ke kSaya ke lie AtmA ko tIvra prayatna karanA hotA hai / ye cAroM karma azubha hI hote haiN| isake AMzika kSaya yA upazama se AtmA kA svarUpa AMzika mAtrA meM udita hotA hai / inake pUrNa kSaya se Atma-svarUpa kA pUrNa vikAsa hotA hai| vedanIya, AyUSya, nAma aura gotra-~ye cAra karma zubha aura azubha donoM prakAra ke hote haiM / azubhakarma aniSTa-saMyoga aura zubhakarma iSTa-saMyoga ke nimitta banate haiN| ina donoM kA jo saMgama hai, vaha saMsAra hai / puNya-paramANu sukha-suvidhA ke nimitta bana sakate haiM, kintu unase AtmA kI mUkti nahIM hotii| ye pUNya aura pApa-donoM bandhana haiN| mukti ina donoM ke kSaya se hotI hai|| vedanIya karma ke do prakAra haiM-sAta vedanIya aura asAta vedanoya / ye kramazaH sukhAnubhUti aura duHkhAnubhUti ke nimitta banate haiN| inakA kSaya hone para ananta Atmika Ananda kA udaya hotA nAma-karma ke do prakAra haiM-zubha nAma aura azubha naam| zubha nAma ke udaya se vyakti sundara, Adeyavacana, yazasvI aura vizAla vyaktitva vAlA hotA hai tathA azubha nAma ke udaya se isake viparIta hotA hai| inake kSaya hone para AtmA apane naisargika bhAva-amUrtikabhAva meM sthita ho jAtA hai / gotra karma ke do prakAra haiM-ucca gotra aura nIca gotra / ye kramazaH uccatA aura nIcatA, sammAna aura asammAna ke nimitta banate haiN| inake kSaya se AtmA aguru-laghupUrNa sama bana jAtA hai| AyuSya ke do prakAra haiM-- zubha Ayu aura azubha Ayu / ye kramazaH sukho-jIvana aura duHkho jIvana ke nimitta banate haiN| inake kSaya se AtmA a-mRta aura a-janmA bana jAtA hai| ye cAroM bhavopanAhI karma haiN| inake paramANuoM kA viyoga mukti hone ke samaya eka sAtha hotA hai / baMdha kI prakriyA AtmA meM ananta vIrya (sAmarthya) hotA hai| use labdhi-vIrya kahA jAtA hai / yaha zuddha Atmika sAmarthya hai| isakA bAhya jagat meM koI prayoga nahIM hotaa| AtmA kA bahir-jagat ke sAtha jo

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karmavAda 77 sambandha hai, usakA mAdhyama zarIra hai| vaha pudgala paramANuoM kA saMgaThita puMja hai| AtmA aura zarIra-ina donoM ke saMyoga se jo sAmarthya paidA hotA hai use karaNa-vIye yA kriyAtmaka zakti kahA jAtA hai / zarIradhArI jIva meM yaha satata banI rahatI hai| isake dvArA jIva meM bhAvAtmaka yA caitanya-prerita kriyAtmaka kampana hotA rahatA hai| kampanna acetana vastuoM meM bhI hotA hai, kintu vaha svAbhAvika hotA hai| unameM caitanya-prerita kampanna nahIM hotaa| cetana meM kampana kA preraka gUr3ha caitanya hotA hai| isalie isake dvArA vizeSa sthiti kA nirmANa hotA hai| zarIra kI Antarika vagaNA dvArA nirmita kaMpana meM bAharI paudagalika dhArAeM milakara ApasA kriyA-pratikriyA dvArA parivartana karatI rahatI haiN| kriyAtmaka zakti-janita kaMpana ke dvArA AtmA aura karmaparamANuoM kA saMyoga hotA hai| isa prakriyA ko Azrava kahA jAtA AtmA ke sAtha saMyukta karma-yogya paramANu karma-rUpa meM parivartita hote haiM / isa prakriyA ko baMdha kahA jAtA hai| AtmA aura karma-paramANuoM kA phira viyoga hotA hai| isa prakriyA ko nirjarA kahA jAtA hai| baMdha Asrava aura nirjarA ke bIca kI sthiti hai| Asrava ke dvArA bAharI pauda galika dhArAeM zarIra meM AtI haiN| nirjarA ke dvArA ve phira zarIra ke bAhara calI jAtI haiN| karma-paramANaoM ke zarIra meM Ane aura phira se cale jAne ke bIca kI dazA ko saMkSepa meM baMdha kahA jAtA hai| zubha aura azubha pariNAma AtmA kI kriyAtmaka zakti ke pravAha haiM / ye ajasra rahate haiN| donoM eka sAtha nahIM, eka avazya rahatA hai| karma-zAstra kI bhASA meM zarIra-nAma-karma ke udaya-kAla meM caMcalatA rahatI hai| usake dvArA karma-paramANuoM kA AkarSaNa hotA hai / zubha pariNati ke samaya zubha aura azubha pariNati ke samaya azubha karma-paramANuoM kA AkarSaNa hotA hai| karma kauna bAMdhatA hai ? akarma ke karma kA baMdha nahIM hotaa| pUrva-karma se baMdhA huA

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78 jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA jova hI naye karmoM kA baMdha karatA hai| moha-karma ke udaya se jIva rAga-dveSa meM pariNata hotA hai| taba vaha azubha karmoM kA baMdha karatA hai| __ moha-rahita pravRtti karate samaya zarIra-nAma-karma ke udaya se jIva zubha karma kA baMdha karatA hai| naye bandhana kA hetu pUrva-bandhana na ho to abaddha (mukta) jIva bhI karma se baMdhe binA nahIM raha sktaa| isa dRSTi se yaha sahI hai ki baMdhA huA hI baMdhatA hai, naye sire se nhiiN| gautama ne pUchA-bhagavAn ! duHkhI jIva duHkha se spRSTa hotA hai yA aduHkhI jIva duHkha se spRSTa hotA hai ? bhagavAn ne kahA-gautama ! duHkhI jIva duHkha se spRSTa hotA hai, aduHkhI jIva duHkha se spRSTa nahIM hotaa| duHkha kA sparza, paryAdAna (grahaNa), udIraNA, vedanA aura nirjarA duHkhI jIva karatA hai, aduHkhI jIva nahIM krtaa| gautama ne pUchA-bhagavan ! karma kauna bAMdhatA hai ? saMyata, asaMyata athavA saMyatAsaMyata ? bhagavAn ne kahA--gautama ! asaMyata, saMyatAsaMyata aura saMyata -ye saba karma-baMdha karate haiN| dasaveM guNasthAna taka ke adhikArI puNya aura pApa donoM kA baMdha karate haiM aura gyArahaveM se terahaveM guNasthAna taka ke adhikArI kevala puNya kA baMdha karate haiN| karma baMdha kaise ? gautama-bhagavan ! jIva karma-baMdha kaise karatA hai ? bhagavAna-gautama ! jJAnAvaraNa ke tIvra udaya se darzanAvaraNa kA tIvra udaya hotA hai / darzanAvaraNa ke tIvra udaya se darzana-moha kA tIvra udaya hotA hai| darzana-moha ke tIvra udaya se mithyAtya kA udaya hotA hai| mithyAtva ke udaya se jIva ke ATha prakAra ke karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| karma-bandha kA mukhya hetu kaSAya hai| saMkSepa meM kaSAya ke do bheda ha-rAga aura dvess| vistAra meM usake cAra bheda haiM-krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobh| phala vipAka eka samaya kI bAta hai| bhagavAn rAjagRha ke guNazIla nAmaka

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karmavAda 79 catya meM samavasRta the / usa samaya kAlodayI anagAra bhagavAn ke pAsa Aye, vandanA-namaskAra kara bole-'bhagavan ! jIvoM ke kie hue pApa-karmoM kA paripAka pApakArI hotA hai ?' bhagavAn-'kAlodAyI ! hotA hai|' kAlodAyI-'bhagavan ! yaha kaise hotA hai ?' bhagavAn-'kAlodAyI ! jaise koI puruSa manojJa, sthAlIpAkazuddha (paripakva), aThAraha prakAra ke vyaMjanoM se paripUrNa viSayukta bhojana karatA hai, vaha (bhojana), ApAtabhadra (khAte samaya acchA) hotA hai, kintu jyoM-jyoM usakA pariNamana hotA hai, tyoM-tyoM usameM durgandha paidA hotI hai-vaha pariNAmabhadra nahIM hotaa| kAlodAyI ! isI prakAra prANAtipAta yAvat mithyAdarzanazalya (aThAraha prakAra ke pApa-karma) ApAtabhadra aura pariNAma-virasa hote haiN| kAlodAyI! isa prakAra pApa-karma pa.pa-vipAka vAle hote haiN|' kAlodAyI-'bhagavan ! jIva ke kie hue kalyANa-karmoM kA paripAka kalyANakArI hotA hai ?' bhagavAn-'kAlodAyI ! hotA hai|' kAlodAyI-'bhagavAn yaha kaise hotA hai ?' bhagavAn-'kAlodAyI ! jaise koI puruSa manojJa, sthAlIpAkazuddha (paripakva), aThAraha prakAra ke vyaMjanoM se paripUrNa, auSadhamizrita bhojana karatA hai, vaha ApAtabhadra nahIM lagatA, kintu jyoMjyoM usakA pariNamana hotA hai, tyoM-tyoM usameM surUpatA, suvarNatA aura sukhAnubhUti utpanna hotI hai| vaha pariNAma-bhadra hotA hai| kAlodAyI ! isI prakAra prANAtipAta-virati yAvat mithyAdarzanazalya-virati ApAtabhadra nahIM lagato kintu pariNAma-bhadra hotI haiN| kAlodAyI ! isa prakAra kalyANa-karma kalyANa-vipAka vAle hote haiN|' karma ke udaya se kyA hotA hai ? 1. jJAnAvaraNa ke udaya se jIva jJAtavya viSaya ko nahIM jAnatA, jijJAsu hone para bhI nahIM jaantaa| jAnakara bhI nahIM jAnatA-pahale jAnakara phira nahIM jaantaa| usakA jJAna AvRta ho jAtA hai| isake anubhAva dasa haiM-zrotrAvaraNa, zrotravijJAnAvaraNa, netrAvaraNa, netra-vijJAnAvaraNa, ghrANAvaraNa, ghrANa

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80 janadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA vijJAnAvaraNa, rasAvaraNa, rasa-vijJAnAvaraNa, sparzAvaraNa, sprshvijnyaanaavrnn| 2. darzanAvaraNa ke udaya se jIva draSTavya viSaya ko nahIM dekhatA, dekhane kA icchuka hone para bhI nahIM dekhtaa| usakA darzana Acchanna ho jAtA hai| isake anubhAva nau haiM-nidrA, nidrA-nidrA, pracalA, pracalA-pracalA, styAnaddhi, cakSu-darzanAvaraNa, acakSa-darzanAvaraNa, avadhi-darzanAvaraNa, kevala-darzanAvaraNa / 3. sAtavedanIya karma ke udaya se jIva sukha kI anubhUti karatA hai| isake anubhAva ATha haiM--manojJa zabda, manojJa rUpa, manojJa gaMdha, manojJa rasa, manojJa sparza, manaHsukhatA, vAk-sukhatA, kAya sukhtaa| asAtavedanIya karma ke udaya se jIva duHkha kI anubhUti karatA hai| isake anubhAva ATha hai-amanojJa zabda, amanojJa rUpa, amanojJa rasa, amanojJa gaMdha, amanojJa sparza, manoduHkhatA, vAkduHkhatA, kaay-duHkhtaa| 4. moha-karma ke udaya se jIva mithyAdRSTi aura cAritrahIna banatA hai / isake anubhAva pAMca haiM-samyaktva-vedanIya, mithyAtvavedanIya, samyag-mithyAtva-vedanIya, kaSAya-vedanIya, nokssaayvedniiy| 5. Ayu-karma ke udaya se jIva amuka samaya taka amuka prakAra kA jIvana jItA hai / isake anubhAva cAra haiM-nairayikAyu, tiryaMcAyu, manuSyAyu, devaayu| 6. zubha nAmakarma ke udaya se jIva zArIrika aura vAcika utkarSa pAtA hai| isake anubhAva caudaha haiM-iSTa zabda, iSTa rUpa, iSTa gaMdha, iSTa rasa, iSTa sparza, iSTa gati, iSTa sthiti, iSTa lAvaNya, iSTa yaza-kIrti, iSTa utthAna-karma-bala-vIrya-puruSAkAraparAkrama, iSTa svaratA, kAnta svaratA, priya svaratA, manojJa svrtaa| azubha nAmakarma ke udaya se jIva zArIrika aura vAcika apakarSa pAtA hai| isake anubhAva caudaha haiM-aniSTa zabda, aniSTa rUpa, aniSTa gaMdha, aniSTa rasa, aniSTa sparza, aniSTa gati, aniSTa sthiti, aniSTa lAvaNya, aniSTa yazo kIrti, aniSTa utthAna-karmabala-vIrya-puruSAkAra-parAkrama, aniSTa svaratA, hIna svaratA, dIna svaratA, amanojJa svrtaa|

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karmavAda 81 7. ucca - gotra-karma ke udaya se jIva viziSTa banatA hai / isake anubhAva ATha haiM - jAti - viziSTatA, kula viziSTatA, bala viziSTatA, rUpa - viziSTatA, tapo viziSTatA, zruta-viziSTatA, lAbha- viziSTatA aizvarya - viziSTatA | nIca - gotra-karma ke udaya se jIva hIna banatA hai / isake anubhAva ATha haiM - jAti - vihInatA, kula-vihInatA, bala - vihInatA, rUpavihInatA, tapo-vihInatA, zruta-vihInatA, lAbha- vihInatA, aizvaryavihInatA / 8. antarAya karma ke udaya se Atma-zakti kA pratighAta hotA hai / isake anubhAva pAMca haiM - dAnAntarAya, lAbhAntarAya, bhogAntarAya, upabhogAntarAya, vIryAntarAya / phala kI prakriyA karma jar3a --acetana hai, taba vaha jIva ko niyamita phala kaise de sakatA hai ? yaha prazna nyAya - darzana ke praNetA gautama RSi ke 'Izvara' ke abhyupagama kA hetu banA / isIlie unhoMne Izvara ko karma - phala kA niyantA banAyA, jisakA ullekha kucha pahale kiyA jA cukA hai / jainadarzana karma - phala kA niyamana karane ke lie Izvara ko Avazyaka nahIM samajhatA / karma-paramANuoM meM jIvAtmA ke sambandha se eka viziSTa pariNAma hotA hai / vaha dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva, bhava, gati, sthiti, pudgala - pariNAma Adi udayAnukUla sAmagrI se vipAka-pradarzana meM samartha ho jIvAtmA ke saMskAroM ko vikRta karatA hai, usase unakA phalopabhoga hotA hai / sahI artha meM AtmA apane kiye kA apane Apa phala bhogatA hai, karma-paramANu sahakArI yA sacetaka kA kArya karate haiM / viSa aura amRta, apathya aura pathya bhojana ko kucha bhI jJAna nahIM hotA, phira bhI AtmA kA saMyoga pA unakI vaisI pariNati ho jAtI hai / unakA paripAka hote hI khAne vAle ko iSTa yA aniSTa phala milatA hai / vijJAna ke kSetra meM paramANu kI vicitra zakti aura usake niyamana ke vividha prayogoM ke adhyayana ke bAda karmoM kI phaladAnazakti ke bAre meM koI saMdeha nahIM rahatA / udaya udaya kA artha hai-kAla maryAdA kA parivartana / vastu kI pahalI avasthA kI kAla maryAdA pUrI hotI hai - yaha usakA anudaya

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82 jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA hai / dUsarI kI kAla maryAdA kA Arambha hotA hai - vaha usakA udaya hai / baMdhe hue karma - pudgala apanA kArya karane meM samarthana ho jAte haiM, taba unake niSeka ( kama-pudgaloM kI eka kAla meM udaya hone yogya racanA - vizeSa ) prakaTa hone lagate haiM, vaha udaya hai / karma kA udaya do prakAra kA hotA hai 1. prApta - kAla karma kA udaya / 2. aprApta - kAla karma kA udaya / karma kA baMdha hote hI usameM vipAka-pradarzana kI zakti nahIM ho jAtI / vaha nizcita avadhi ke pazcAt hI paidA hotI hai| karma kI yaha avasthA 'abAdhA' kahalAtI hai / usa samaya karma kA avasthAna- mAtra hotA hai, kintu usakA kartRtva prakaTa nahIM hotA / isalie vaha karma kA avasthAna kAla hai / 'abAdhA' kA artha hai - antara / baMdha aura udaya ke antara kA jo kAla hai, vaha 'abAdhAkAla' hai / ' 'abAdhAkAla' ke dvArA sthiti ke do bhAga hote haiM 1. avasthAnakAla | 2. anubhava yA niSeka-kAla / AbAdhA-kAla ke samaya korA avasthAna hotA hai, anubhava nahIM / anubhava abAdhA-kAla pUrA hone para hotA hai| jitanA abAdhAkAla hotA hai, utanA anubhava - kAla se avasthAna-kAla adhika hotA hai | abAdhAkAla ko chor3akara vicAra kiyA jAe to avasthAna aura niSeka yA anubhava - ye donoM samakAla maryAdA vAle hote haiM / cirakAla aura tIvra anubhAga vAle karma tapasyA ke dvArA viphala banA thor3e samaya meM bhoga liye jAte haiM / AtmA zIghra ujjvala bana jAtI hai / kAla maryAdA pUrNa hone para karma kA vedana yA bhoga prArambha hotA hai / vaha prApta kAla udaya hai / yadi svAbhAvika paddhati se hI karma udaya meM AyeM to Akasmika ghaTanAoM kI sambhAvanA tathA tapasyA kI prAyojakatA hI naSTa ho jAtI hai / isalie Akasmika ghaTanAeM bhI siddhAMta ke prati saMdeha paidA nahIM karatIM / tapasyA kI saphalatA kA bhI yahI hetu hai / sahetuka aura nirhetuka udaya karma kA paripAka aura udaya apane-Apa bhI hotA hai aura dUsaroM ke dvArA bhI, sahetuka bhI hotA hai aura nirhetuka bhI / koI

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karmavAda 83 bAharI kAraNa nahIM milA, krodha-vedanIya pudagaloM ke tIvra vipAka se apane-Apa krodha A gayA-yaha unakA nituka udaya hai| isI prakAra hAsya, bhaya, veda (vikAra) aura kaSAya ke pudgaloM kA bhI donoM prakAra kA udaya hotA hai| apane Apa udaya meM Ane vAle karma ke hetu ____ gati-hetuka udaya-naraka gati meM asAta (asukha) kA udaya tIvra hotA hai / yaha gati-hetuka vipAka-udaya hai| sthiti-hetuka udaya-moha karma kI sarvotkRSTa sthiti meM mithyAtva-moha kA tIvra udaya hotA hai| yaha sthiti-hetuka vipAka udaya hai| bhava-hetuka udaya-darzanAvaraNa (jisake udaya se nIMda AtI hai) sabake hotA hai, phira bhI nIMda manuSya aura tiryaMca donoM ko AtI hai, deva aura nAraka ko nahIM aatii| yaha bhava (janma) hetuka-vipAkaudaya hai| gati-sthiti aura bhava ke nimitta se kaI karmoM kA apane-Apa vipAka-udaya ho AtA hai| dUsaroM dvArA udaya meM Ane vAle karma-hetu pudgala-hetu udaya--kisI ne patthara pheMkA, coTa lagI, asAta kA udaya ho AyA-yaha dUsaroM ke dvArA kiyA huA asAta-vedanIya kA padagala-hetuka vipAka-udaya hai| kisI ne gAlI dI, krodha A gayA-yaha krodha-vedanIya-pudgaloM kA sahetuka vipAka-udaya hai| pudgala-pariNAma ke dvArA hone vAlA udaya-bhojana kiyA, vaha pacA nahIM, ajIrNa ho gyaa| usase roga paidA huA / yaha asAtavedanIya kA vipAka udaya hai| madirA pI, unmAda chA gayA-jJAnAvaraNa kA vipAka-udaya huaa| yaha pudgala-pariNamana hetuka vipAka-udaya hai| isa prakAra aneka hetuoM se karmoM kA vipAka-udaya hotA hai| agara ye hetu nahIM milate to una karmoM kA vipAka-rUpa udaya nahIM hotA / udaya kA eka dUsarA prakAra aura hai| vaha hai prdesh-udy| isameM karma-phala kA spaSTa anubhava nahIM hotaa| yaha karma-vedana kI aspaSTAnubhUti vAlI dazA hai| jo karma bandha hotA hai, vaha avazya

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84 jainadarzana meM tattva mImAMsA bhogA jAtA hai / gautama ne pUchA- 'bhagavan ! kie hue pApa karma bhoge binA nahIM chUTate / kyA yaha saca hai ? ' bhagavAn - 'hAM, gautama ! yaha saca hai / ' gautama - 'kaise, bhagavan ? ' - bhagavAn - 'gotama ! maiMne do prakAra ke karma batalAe haiMpradeza- karma aura anubhAga - karma / jo pradeza-karma haiM ve niyamata: ( avazya hI ) bhoge jAte haiM / jo anubhAga-karma haiM ve anubhAga ( vipAka) rUpa meM kucha bhoge jAte haiM, kucha nahIM bhoge jAte / ' 1 puNya-pApa mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika kriyA se Atma-pradezoM meM kampana hotA hai / usase karma - paramANu AtmA kI ora khiMcate haiN| kriyA zubha hotI hai to zubha karma paramANu aura vaha azubha hotI hai to azubha karma paramANu AtmA se A cipakate haiM / zubha karma paramANu puNya aura azubha karma paramANu pApa kahalAte haiM / puNya aura pApa - donoM vijAtIya tattva haiM / isalie ye donoM AtmA kI parataMtratA ke hetu haiM / AcAryoM ne puNya karma ko sone aura pApa karma kI lohe kI ber3I se tulanA kI hai| I svataMtratA ke icchuka mumukSu ke lie ye donoM heya haiM / mokSa kA hetu ratnatrayI ( samyak jJAna, samyak darzana, samyak cAritra ) hai / jo vyakti isa tattva ko nahIM jAnatA, vahI puNya ko upAdeya aura pApa ko heya mAnatA hai / nizcaya - dRSTi se ye donoM heya haiM / puNya kI heyatA ke bAre meM jaina- paramparA ekamata hai / usakI upAdeyatA meM vicAra-bheda bhI hai / kaI AcArya use mokSa kA paramparahetu mAna kvacit upAdeya bhI mAnate haiM / kaI AcArya use mokSa kA parampara hetu mAnate hue bhI upAdeya nahIM mAnate / AcArya kundakunda ne puNya aura pApa kA AkarSaNa karane vAlI vicAradhArA ko para samaya mAnA hai / yogIndu kahate haiM- "puNya se vaibhava, vaibhava se ahaMkAra, ahaMkAra se buddhi-nAza aura buddhi-nAza se pApa hotA hai / isalie hameM vaha nahIM cAhie / " TIkAkAra ke anusAra yaha krama unhIM ke lie hai, jo puNya

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karmavAda 85 kI AkAMkSA (nidAna) pUrvaka tapa tapane vAle haiN| Atma-zuddhi ke lie tapa tapane vAloM ke avAMchita puNya kA AkarSaNa hotA hai| unake lie yaha krama nahIM hai / vaha unheM buddhi-vinAza kI ora nahIM le jaataa| puNya kAmya nahIM hai| yogIndu ke zabdoM meM-"ve puNya kisa kAma ke jo rAjya dekara jIva ko duHkha-paramparA kI ora Dhakela deN| Atma-darzana kI khoja meM lagA haA vyakti mara jAe, yaha acchA hai, kintu Atma-darzana se vimukha hokara puNya cAhe, vaha acchA nahIM hai| Atma-sAdhanA ke kSetra meM puNya kI sIdhI upAdeyatA nahIM hai, isa dRSTi se pUrNa sAmaMjasya hai| kundakundAcArya ne zuddha-dRSTi kI apekSA pratikramaNa (AtmAlocana), prAyazcitta ko puNya-bandha kA hetu hone ke kAraNa viSa kahA hai| AcArya bhikSu ne kahA hai-"puNya kI icchA karane se pApa kA bandha hotA hai|" Agama kahate haiM-"ihaloka, paraloka, pUjA-zlAghA Adi ke lie dharma mata karo, kevala Atma-zuddhi ke lie dharma kro|" yahI bAMta vedAnta ke AcAryoM ne kahI hai ki mokSArthI ko kAmya aura niSiddha karma meM pravRtta nahIM honA caahie|" kyoMki Atma-sAdhaka kA lakSya mokSa hotA hai aura puNya saMsAra-bhramaNa ke hetu haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA hai-"pUNya aura pApa-ina donoM ke kSaya se mukti milatI hai|" "jIva zubha aura azubha karmoM ke dvArA saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai|" gItA bhI yahI kahatI hai.--"buddhimAna sukRta aura duSkRta donoM chor3a detA hai|" abhayadevasUri ne Asrava, bandha, puNya aura Apa ko saMsAra-bhramaNa kA hetu kahA hai| AcArya bhikSu ne isa prakAra samajhAyA hai-"puNya se bhoga milate haiN| jo puNya kI icchA karatA hai, vaha bhogoM kI icchA karatA hai| bhoga kI icchA se saMsAra bar3hatA hai|" __ isakA nigamana yaha hai ki ayogI-avasthA (pUrNa-samAdhidazA) se pUrva satpravRtti ke sAtha puNya-bandha anivArya rUpa se hotA hai| phira bhI puNya kI icchA se koI bhI satpravRtti nahIM karanI cAhie / pratyeka satpravRtti kA lakSya honA cAhie-mokSa-Atma-vikAsa /

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86 jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA bhAratIya darzanoM kA vahI carama lakSya hai / laukika abhyudaya dharma kA AnuSaMgika phala hai-dharma ke sAtha apane Apa phalane vAlA hai / yaha zAzvatika yA carama lakSya hai / isI siddhAMta ko lekara kaI vyakti bhAratIya darzanoM para yaha AkSepa karate haiM ki unhoMne laukika abhyudaya kI nitAnta upekSA kI, para sahI artha meM bAta yaha nahIM hai / sAmAjika vyakti abhyudaya kI upekSA kara hI kaise sakate haiM ? yaha saca hai ki bhAratIya ekAnta bhautikatA se bahuta bace haiM / unhoMne preya aura zreya ko eka nahIM mAnA / abhyudaya ko hI saba kucha mAnane vAle bhautikavAdiyoM ne yuga ko kitanA jaTila banA diyA, ise kauna anubhava nahIM karatA ? mizraNa nahIM hotA puNya aura pApa ke paramANuoM ke AkarSaNa hetu alaga-alaga haiM / eka hI hetu se donoM ke paramANuoM kA AkarSaNa nahIM hotA | AtmA ke pariNAma yA to zubha hote haiM yA azubha, kintu zubha aura azubha donoM eka sAtha nahIM hote / korA puNya kaI AcArya pApa karma kA vikarSaNa kie binA hI puNya-karma kA AkarSaNa honA mAnate haiM, kiMtu yaha cintanIya hai / pravRtti mAtra meM AkarSaNa aura vikarSaNa donoM hote haiM / zvetAmbara AgamoM meM isakA pUrNa samarthana milatA hai / gautama ne pUchA - 'bhagavan ! zramaNa ko vaMdana karane se kyA lAbha hotA hai ? ' bhagavAn ne kahA - 'gautama ! zramaNa ko vaMdana karane vAlA nIca gautra - karma ko khapAtA hai aura ucca gotra-karma kA bandha karatA hai / ' yahAM eka zubha pravRtti se pApa karma kA kSaya baMdha - ina donoM kAryoM kI niSpatti mAnI gayI hai| yaha mAnyatA adhika saMgata lagatI hai / dharma aura puNya jaina darzana meM dharma aura puNya - ye do pRthak tattva haiN| zAbdika dRSTi se puNya zabda dharma ke artha meM bhI prayukta hotA hai, kiMtu tattva-mImAMsA aura puNya karma kA tarka - dRSTi se bhI

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karmavAda 87 meM ye kabhI eka nahIM hote| dharma AtmA kI rAga-dveSa-hIna pariNati hai aura puNya zubhakarmamaya pudgala hai| dUsare zabdoM meM-dharma AtmA kA paryAya hai aura puNya pudgala kA paryAya hai| dUsarI bAta-nirjarA-dharma sakriyA hai aura puNya kA phala hai| tIsarI bAta-dharma Atma-zuddhi (Atma-mukti) kA sAdhana hai aura puNya AtmA ke lie bandhana hai| adharma aura pApa kI yahI sthiti hai| ve donoM dharma aura puNya ke ThIka pratipakSI haiM / jaise satpravRtti rUpa dharma ke sAhacarya se puNya kI utpatti hotI hai, vaise adharma aura pApa ke sAhacarya se pApakI utpatti hotI hai / puNya-pApa phala haiM / jIva kI acchI yA burI pravRtti se unake sAtha cipakane vAle pudgala haiM aura ye donoM dharma aura adharma ke lakSaNa haiM--gamaka haiN| jIva kI kriyA do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hotI hai-dharma yA adharma, sat yA asat / adharma se AtmA ke saMskAra vikRta hote haiM, pApa kA baMdha hotA hai| dharma se Atma-zuddhi hotI hai aura usake sAtha-sAtha puNya kA bandha hotA hai| puNya-pApa karma kA grahaNa honA yA na honA AtmA ke adhyavasAya-pariNAma para nirbhara hai| zubhayoga tapasyAdharma hai aura vahI zubhayoga puNya kA Asrava hai| anukampA, kSamA, sarAga-saMyama, alpa-parigraha, yoga-RjutA Adi-Adi puNya-bandha ke hetu haiM / ye satpravRtti rUpa hone ke kAraNa dharma haiN| siddhAMtacakravartI nemicaMdrAcArya ne zubhabhAva-yukta jIva ko puNya aura azubhabhAva-yukta jIva ko pApa kahA hai| ahiMsA Adi vratoM kA pAlana karanA zubhopayoga hai| isameM pravRtta jIva ke zubha karma kA jo bandha hotA hai, vaha puNya hai| abhedopacAra se puNya ke kAraNabhUta zubhopayoga pravRtta jIva ko hI puNyarUpa kahA gayA hai| kahIM-kahIM puNya-hetuka satpravRttiyoM ko bhI puNya kahA gayA hai| yaha kAraNa meM kArya kA upacAra, vivakSA kI vicitratA athavA sApekSadRSTikoNa hai| yogasUtra ke anusAra bhI puNya kI utpatti dharma ke sAtha hI hotI hai| jaise-dharma aura adharma-ye klezamUla haiN| ina mUlasahita klezAzaya kA paripAka hone para unake tIna phala hote haiM-jAti,

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88 jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA Ayu aura bhog| ye do prakAra ke haiM-sukhada aura duHkhd| jinakA hetu puNya hotA hai, ve sukhada aura jinakA hetu pApa hotA hai, ve duHkhada hote haiN| puruSArtha bhAgya ko badala sakatA hai vartamAna kI dRSTi se puruSArtha avandhya kabhI nahIM hotaa| atIta kI dRSTi se usakA mahattva hai bhI aura nahIM bhii| vartamAna kA puruSArtha atIta ke puruSArtha se durbala hotA hai to vaha atIta ke puruSArtha ko anyathA nahIM kara sktaa| vartamAna kA puruSArtha atIta ke puruSArtha se prabala hotA hai to vaha atIta ke puraSArtha ko anyathA bhI kara sakatA hai| __ karma kI bandhana aura udaya-ye do hI avasthAeM hotI to karmoM kA bandha hotA aura vedanA ke bAda ve nirvIrya ho AtmA se alaga ho jAte / parivartana ko koI avakAza nahIM miltaa| karma kI avasthAeM ina do ke atirikta aura bhI haiM 1. apavartana ke dvArA karma-sthiti kA alpIkaraNa (sthitighAta) aura rasa kA mandIkaraNa (rasa-dhAta) hotA hai| 2. udvartanA ke dvArA karma-sthiti kA dIrdhIkaraNa aura rasa kA tIvrIkaraNa hotA hai| 3. udIraNA ke dvArA lambe samaya ke bAda tIvra bhAva se udaya meM AnevAle karma tatkAla aura manda-bhAva se udaya meM A jAte haiN| 4. eka karma zubha hotA hai aura usakA vipAka bhI zubha hotA hai| eka karma zubha hotA hai, usakA vipAka azubha hotA hai| eka karma azubha hotA hai, usakA vipAka zubha hotA hai| eka karma azubha hotA hai aura usakA vipAka bhI azubha hotA hai| jo karma zubha rUpa meM baMdhatA hai aura zubha rUpa meM hI udita hotA hai, vaha zubha aura zubhavipAka vAlA hotA hai| jo karma zubha rUpa meM baMdhatA hai aura azubha rUpa meM udita hotA hai, vaha zubha aura azubha vipAka vAlA hotA hai| jo karma azubha rUpa meM baMdhatA hai aura zubha rUpa meM udita hotA hai, vaha azubha aura zubha-vipAka vAlA hotA hai| jo karma azubha rUpa meM bandhatA hai aura azubha rUpa meM hI udita hotA hai, vaha azubha aura azubha-vipAka vAlA hai| karma ke baMdha aura udaya meM jo yaha antara AtA hai, usakA kAraNa saMkramaNa (badhyamAna karma meM karmAntara kA /

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karmavAda praveza ) hai / jisa adhyavasAya se jIva karma - prakRti kA baMdha karatA hai, usakI tIvratA ke kAraNa vaha pUrvabaddha sajAtIya prakRti ke dalikoM ko badhyamAna prakRti ke dalikoM ke sAtha saMkrAnta kara detA hai, pariNata yA parivartita kara detA hai - vaha saMkramaNa hai / saMkramaNa ke cAra prakAra haiM- 1. prakRti - saMkramaNa, 2. sthitisaMkrama, 3. anubhAva - saMkrama, 4. pradeza - saMkramaNa / prakRti - saMkrama se pahale baMdhI huI prakRti ( karma - svabhAva) vartamAna meM baMdhane vAlI prakRti ke rUpa meM badala jAtI hai / isI prakAra sthiti, anubhAva aura pradeza kA parivartana hotA hai / apavartana, udvartana, udIraNA aura saMkramaNa - ye cAroM udayAvalikA ( udayakSaNa) ke bahirbhUta karma - pudgaloM ke hI hote haiM / udayAvalikA meM praviSTa karma - pudgala ke udaya meM koI parivartana nahIM hotA / anudita karma ke udaya meM parivartana hotA hai / puruSArtha ke siddhAMta kA yahI dhruva AdhAra hai / yadi yaha nahIM hotA to korA niyativAda hI hotA | 89 AtmA svatantra hai yA karma ke adhIna ? karma kI mukhya do avasthAeM haiM-bandha aura udaya / dUsare zabdoM meM grahaNa aura phala / karma grahaNa karane meM jIva svataMtra hai aura usakA phala bhogane meM paratantra / jaise koI vyakti vRkSa para car3hatA hai, vaha car3hane meM svatantra hai --- icchAnusAra car3hatA hai / pramAda-vaza gira jAe to vaha girane meM svataMtra nahIM hai / icchA se giranA nahIM cAhatA, phira bhI gira jAtA hai, isalie girane meM paratantra hai / isI prakAra viSa khAne meM svatantra hai aura usakA pariNAma bhogane meM parataMtra / eka rogI vyakti bhI gariSTha se gariSTha padArtha khA sakatA hai, kiMtu usake phalasvarUpa hone vAle ajIrNa se nahIM baca sakatA / karma - phala bhogane meM jIva svataMtra nahIM hai, yaha kathana prAyika hai / kahIM-kahIM jIva usameM svataMtra bhI hote haiM / jIva aura karma kA saMgharSa calatA rahatA hai / jIva ke kAla Adi labdhiyoM kI anukUlatA hotI hai, taba vaha karmoM ko pachAr3a detA hai aura karmoM ko bahulatA hotI hai, taba jIva unase daba jAtA hai / isalie yaha mAnanA hotA hai ki kahIM jIva karma ke adhIna hai aura kahIM karma jIva ke adhIna /

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA karma do prakAra ke hote haiM1. nikAcita--jinakA vipAka anyathA nahIM ho sakatA hai| 2. dalika-jinakA vipAka anyathA bhI ho sakatA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM 1. nirupakrama-isakA koI pratikAra nahIM hotA, isakA udaya anyathA nahIM ho sakatA / 2. sopakrama--yaha upacAra-sAdhya hotA hai| nikAcita karmodaya kI apekSA se jIva karma ke adhIna hI hotA hai| dalika kI apekSA se donoM bAteM haiM-jahAM jIva usako anyathA karane ke lie koI prayatna nahIM karatA, vahAM vaha usa karma ke adhIna hotA hai aura jahAM jIva prabala dhRti, manobala, zarIra-bala Adi sAmagrI kI sahAyatA se satprayatna karatA hai vahAM karma usake adhIna hotA hai| udaya-kAla se pUrva karma ko udaya meM lA, tor3a DAlanA, usakI sthiti aura rasa ko maMda kara denA, yaha saba isa sthiti meM ho sakatA hai| yadi yaha na hotA to tapasyA karane kA koI artha nahIM rhtaa| pahale baMdhe hue karmoM kI sthiti aura phalazakti naSTa kara, unheM zIghra tor3a DAlane ke lie hI tapasyA kI jAtI hai / pAtaMjala-yogabhASya meM bhI adRSTa-janma-vedanIya karma kI tIna gatiyAM batAI haiN| unameM kaI karma vinA phala die hI prAyazcitta Adi ke dvArA naSTa ho jAte haiN| eka gati yaha hai| isI ko jaina-dRSTi meM udIraNA kahA hai| udIraNA gautama ne pUchA'bhagavan ! jIva udIrNa-karma-pudgaloM kI udIraNA karatA hai ? jIva anudIrNa karma-pudgaloM kI udIraNA karatA hai ? jIva anudIrNa kintu udIraNA-yogya karma-pudgaloM kI udIraNA karatA hai ? jIva udayAnantara pazcAt-kRta karma-pudgaloM kI udIraNA karatA hai ?' bhagavAn ne kahA'gautama ! jIva udIrNa kI udIraNA nahIM krtaa| jIva anudIrNa kI udIraNA nahIM krtaa| jIva anudIrNa kintu udIraNA-yogya kI udIraNA

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karmavAda karatA hai| jIva udayAnantara pazcAt-kRta-karma kI udIraNA nahIM krtaa|' 1. udIrNa karma-pudgaloM kI phira se udIraNA kare to usa udIraNA kI kahIM bhI parisamApti nahIM hotii| isalie udIrNa kI udIraNA kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| 2. jina karma-pudgaloM kI udIraNA sudUra bhaviSya meM hone vAlI hai, athavA jinakI udIraNA nahIM hone vAlI hai, una anudIrNa-kamapudgaloM kI bhI udIraNA nahIM ho sktii| 3. jo karma-pudgala udaya meM A cuke (udayAnantara pazcAtkRt), ve sAmarthya-hIna bana gae, isalie unakI bhI udIraNA nahIM hotii| 4. jo karma-pudgala vartamAna meM udIraNA-yogya (anudIrNa, kintu udIraNA yogya) haiM, unhIM kI udIraNA hotI hai / udoraNA kA hetu karma ke svAbhAvika udaya meM naye puruSArtha kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI / bandha-sthiti pUrI hotI hai, karma-pudgala apane Apa udaya meM A jAte haiM / udIraNA dvArA unheM sthiti-kSaya se pahale udaya meM lAyA jAtA hai| isalie isameM vizeSa prayatna yA puruSArtha kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| gautama ne pUchA-'bhagavan ! anudIrNa, kintu udIraNA-yogya karma-pudgaloM kI jo udIraNA hotI hai, vaha utthAna, karma bala, vIrya, puruSakAra aura parAkrama ke dvArA hotI hai athavA anutthAna, akarma, abala, avIrya, apuruSakAra aura aparAkrama ke dvArA ?' ___ bhagavAn ne kahA-'gautama ! jIva utthAna Adi ke dvArA anudIrNa kintu udIraNA yogya karma-pudgaloM kI udIraNA karatA hai, kintu anutthAna Adi ke dvArA udIraNA nahIM krtaa|' yaha bhAgya aura puruSArtha kA samanvaya hai| puruSArtha dvArA karma meM parivartana kiyA jA sakatA hai, yaha spaSTa hai| karma kI udIraNA 'karaNa' ke dvArA hotI hai| 'karaNa' kA atha hai 'yoga' / yoga ke tIna prakAra haiM 1. zArIrika vyApAra /

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92 2. vAcika vyApAra / 3. mAnasika vyApAra / utthAna Adi inhIM ke prakAra haiN| yoga zubha aura azubhadonoM prakAra kA hotA hai / Asrava catuSTaya meM apravRtti zubha yoga aura Asrava - catuSTaya meM pravRtti azubha yoga / zubha yoga tapasyA hai, satpravRtti hai / vaha udIraNA kA hetu hai / krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kI pravRtti azubha yoga hai| usase bhI udIraNA hotI ha / vedanA jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA gautama - 'bhagavan ! anyayUthika kahate haiM - saba jIva evaMbhUta vedanA (jaise karma bAMdhA vaise hI ) bhogate haiM - yaha kaise hai ?" bhagavAn - ' gautama ! anyayUthika jo ekAnta kahate haiM, vaha mithyA hai / maiM isa prakAra kahatA hUM - kucha jIva evaMbhUta - vedanA bhogate haiM aura kucha ana evaMbhUta vedanA bhI bhogate haiM / ' 1 yaha kaise ? " hue haiM / gautama - 'bhagavan ! bhagavAn - 'gautama ! jo jIva kie hue karmoM ke anusAra hI vedanA bhogate haiM, ve evaMbhUta vedanA bhogate haiM aura jo jIva kie karmoM se anyathA bhI vedanA bhogate haiM ve ana evaMbhUta vedanA bhogate gautama ne pUchA- 'bhagavan ! nairayika jIva kitane prakAra ke pudgaloM kA bheda aura udIraNA karate haiM ? bhagavAn ne kahA - " gautama ! nairayika jIva karma - pudgala kI apekSA se aNu aura bAhya ( sUkSma aura sthUla) ina do prakAra ke pudgaloM ke bheda aura udIraNA karate haiN| isI prakAra caya, upacaya, vedanA, nirjarA, aparvatana, saMkramaNa, nidhatti aura nikAcana karate haiM / gautama ne pUchA- 'bhagavan ! nairayika jIva taijasa aura kArmaNa pudgaloM kA grahaNa atIta kAla meM karate haiM, vartamAna kAla meM karate haiM yA anAgata kAla meM karate haiM ?' bhagavAn ne kahA- 'gautama ! nairayika jIva taijasa aura kArmaNa pudgaloM kA grahaNa atIta kAla meM nahIM karate, vartamAna kAla meM karate haiM / anAgata kAla meM nahIM karate / gautama ne pUchA- 'bhagavan ! nairayika jIva atIta meM grahaNa

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karmavAda kie hue taijasa aura kArmaNa pudgaloM kI udIraNA karate haiM ? vartamAna meM grahaNa kie jAne vAle pudagaloM kI udIraNA karate haiM ? grahaNa-samaya puraskRta-vartamAna se agale samaya meM grahaNa kie jAne vAle pudgaloM kI udIraNA karate haiM ?' bhagavAn ne kahA--'gautama ! ve atIta kAla meM grahaNa kie hue pudgaloM kI udIraNA karate haiN| ve na vartamAna kAla meM grahaNa kie jAne vAle pudagaloM kI udIraNA karate haiM aura na grahaNa-samaya-puraskRta pudgaloM kI udIraNA karate haiN|' isI prakAra vedanA aura nirjarA bhI atIta kAla meM gRhIta pudgaloM kI hotI hai| nirjarA saMyoga kA aMtima pariNAma viyoga hai| AtmA aura paramANu --ye donoM bhinna haiN| viyoga meM AtmA AtmA hai aura paramANu paramANu / inakA saMyoga hotA hai, taba AtmA rUpI kahalAtI hai aura paramANu karma / karma-prAyogya paramANu AtmA se cipaTa karma bana jAte haiM / usa para apanA prabhAva DAlane ke bAda ve akarma bana jAte haiN| akarma banate hI ve AtmA se vilaga ho jAte haiN| isa vilagAva kI dazA kA nAma hai-nirjraa| nirjarA karmoM kI hotI hai-yaha aupacArika satya hai| vastusatya yaha hai ki karmoM kI vedanA-anubhUti hotI hai, nirjarA nahIM hotii| nirjarA akarma kI hotI hai| vedanA ke bAda karma-paramANaoM kA karmatva naSTa ho jAtA hai, phira nirjarA hotI hai| __koI phala DAlI para pakakara TUTatA hai aura kiso phala ko prayatna se pakAyA jAtA hai| pakate donoM haiM, kiMtu pakane kI prakriyA donoM kI bhinna hai| jo sahaja gati se pakatA hai, usakA pAka-kAla lambA hotA hai aura jo prayatna se pakatA hai, usakA pAka-kAla choTA ho jAtA hai| karma kA paripAka bhI ThIka isI prakAra hotA hai| nizcita kAla-maryAdA se karma-paripAka hotA hai, usakI nirjarA ko vipAkI-nirjarA kahA jAtA hai| yaha ahetuka nirjarA hai, isake lie koI nayA prayatna nahIM karanA par3atA, isalie isakA hetu na dharma hotA hai aura na adharma /

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jainadarzana meM tattva - mImAMsA 1 nizcita kAla - maryAdA se pahale zubha yoga ke vyApAra se karma kA paripAka hokara jo nirjarA hotI hai, use avipAkI nirjarA kahA jAtA hai / yaha sahetuka nirjarA hai / isakA hetu zubha prayatna hai / vaha dharma hai / dharma - hetuka nirjarA nava tattvoM meM sAtavAM tattva hai / mokSa isI kA utkRSTa rUpa hai / karma kI pUrNa nirjarA (vilaya) jo hai, vahI mokSa hai / karma kA apUrNa vilaya nirjarA hai / donoM meM mAtrA bheda hai, svarUpabheda nahIM / nirjarA kA artha hai - AtmA kA vikAsa yA svabhAvodaya / abhedopacAra kI dRSTi se svabhAvodaya ke sAdhanoM ko bhI nirjarA kahA jAtA hai / isake bAraha prakAra isI dRSTi ke AdhAra para kie gae haiN| isake sakAma aura akAma- ina do bhedoM kA AdhAra bhI vahI dRSTi hai / vastutaH sakAma aura akAma tapa hotA hai, nirjarA nahIM / nirjarA Atma-zuddhi haiM / usameM mAtrA kA tAratamya hotA hai, kiMtu svarUpa kA bheda nahIM hotA / karma-mukti kI prakriyA 94 karma paramANuoM ke vikarSaNa ke sAtha-sAtha dUsare - karma-paramAoM kA AkarSaNa hotA rahatA hai| kiMtu isase mukti hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI / karma-saMbaMdha ke pradhAna sAdhana do haiM -- kaSAya aura yoga / kaSAya prabala hotA hai, taba karma-paramANu AtmA ke sAtha adhika kAla taka cipake rahate haiM aura tIvra phala dete haiM / kaSAya ke maMda hote hI unakI sthiti kama aura phala-zakti maMda ho jAtI hai / jaise-jaise kaSAya maMda hotA hai vaise-vaise nirjarA adhika hotI hai aura puNya kA baMdha zithila hotA jAtA hai / vItarAga ke kevala do samaya kI sthiti kA baMdha hotA hai / pahale kSaNa meM karma - paramANu usake sAtha saMbaMdha karate haiM, dUsare kSaNa meM bhoga lie jAte haiM aura tIsare kSaNa meM ve usase bichur3a jAte haiM / caudahavIM bhUmikA meM mana, vANI aura zarIra kI sArI pravRttiyAM ruka jAtI haiM / vahAM kevala pUrva-saMcita karma kA nirjaraNa hotA hai, naye karma kA baMdha nahIM hotA / abaMdha-dazA meM AtmA zeSa karmoM ko khapA mukta ho jAtA hai / mukta hone vAle sAdhaka eka hI zreNI ke nahIM hote / sthUladaSTi se unakI cAra zreNiyAM pratipAdita haiM

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- karmavAda 1. prathama zreNI ke sAdhakoM ke karma kA bhAra alpa hotA hai| unakA sAdhanA-kAla dIrgha ho sakatA hai| para unake lie kaThora tapa karanA Avazyaka nahIM hotA aura na unheM asahya kaSTa sahanA hotA hai / ve sahaja jIvana bitA mukta ho jAte haiN| isa zreNI ke sAdhakoM meM bharata cakravartI kA nAma ullekhanIya 2. dUsarI zreNI ke sAdhakoM ke karma kA bhAra alpatara hotA hai| unakA sAdhanA-kAla bhI alpatara hotA hai| ve atyalpa tapa aura atyalpa kaSTa kA anubhava kara sahaja bhAva se mukta ho jAte haiN| ___ isa zreNI ke sAdhakoM meM bhagavAna RSabha kI mAtA marudevA kA nAma ullekhanIya haiN| 3. tIsarI zreNI ke sAdhakoM ke karma-bhAra mahAn hotA hai| unakA sAdhanA-kAla alpa hotA hai| ve ghora tapa aura ghora kaSTa kA anubhava kara mukta hote haiN| isa zreNI ke sAdhakoM meM vAsudeva kRSNa ke bhAI gajasukumAra kA nAma ullekhanIya hai| 4. cauthI zreNI ke sAdhakoM ke kama-bhAra mahattara hotA hai / unakA sAdhanA-kAla dIrghatara hotA hai / ve ghora tapa aura kaSTa sahana kara mukta hote haiN| isa zreNI ke sAdhakoM meM sanatkumAra cakravartI kA nAma ullekhanIya hai| anAdi kA aMta kaise ? ___ jo anAdi hotA hai, usakA aMta nahIM hotA, aisI dazA meM anAdikAlIna karma-saMbaMdha kA aMta kaise ho sakatA hai ? yaha ThIka hai, kiMtu isameM bahuta kucha samajhane jaisA hai| anAdi kA aMta nahIM hotA, yaha sAmudAyika niyama hai aura jAti se saMbaMdha rakhatA hai| vyakti vizeSa para yaha lAgU nahIM bhI hotaa| prAgabhAva anAdi hai, phira bhI usakA aMta hotA hai| svarNa aura mRttikA kA, ghI aura dUdha kA saMbaMdha anAdi hai, phira bhI ve pRthak hote haiN| aise hI AtmA aura karma ke anAdi-saMbaMdha kA aMta hotA hai| yaha dhyAna rahe ki isakA saMbaMdha pravAha kI apekSA se anAdi hai, vyaktiza: nhiiN| AtmA se jitane karma pudgala cipaTate haiM, ve saba avadhi-sahita hote haiN| koI

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA bhI eka karma anAdikAla se AtmA ke sAtha ghula-milakara nahIM rhtaa| AtmA mokSocita sAmagrI pA anAsrava bana jAtI hai, taba naye karmoM kA pravAha ruka jAtA hai, saMcita karma tapasyA dvArA TUTa jAte haiM, AtmA mukta bana jAtI hai| lezyA lezyA kA artha hai-pudgala dravya ke saMsarga se utpanna hone vAlA jIva kA adhyavasAya-pariNAma, vicAra / AtmA cetana hai, acetana svarUpa se sarvathA pRthak hai, phira bhI saMsAra-dazA meM isakA acetana (pudagala) ke sAtha gaharA saMsarga rahatA hai. isIlie acetana dravya se utpanna pariNAmoM kA jIva para asara hue binA nahIM rhtaa| jina pudgaloM se jIva ke vicAra prabhAvita hote haiM, ve bhI lezyA kahalAte haiN| lezyAeM paudgalika haiM, isalie inameM varNa, gaMdha, rasa aura sparza hote haiN| lezyAoM kA nAmakaraNa paudgalika lezyAoM ke raMga ke AdhAra para huA hai ; jaise--kRSNalezyA, nIlalezyA aadiaadi| lezyAeM chaha haiM-kRSNalezyA, nIlalezyA, kApotalezyA, tejolezyA, padmalezyA aura shuklleshyaa| pahalI tIna lezyAeM aprazasta lezyAeM haiN| inake varNa Adi cAroM gUNa azubha hote haiN| uttaravartI tIna lezyAoM ke varNa Adi zubha hote haiM, isalie ve prazasta hotI haiN| khAna-pAna, sthAna aura bAharI vAtAvaraNa evaM vAyumaNDala kA zarIra aura mana para asara hotA haiM, yaha prAyaH sarvasammata-sI bAta haiM / 'jaisA anna vaisA mana' yaha ukti nirAdhAra nahIM hai| zarIra aura mana donoM parasparApekSa haiN| inameM eka-dUsare kI kriyA kA eka-dUsare para asara hue binA nahIM rhtaa| 'jisa lezyA ke dravya grahaNa kiye jAte haiM, usI lezyA kA pariNAma ho jAtA hai'-isa siddhAMta se ukta viSaya kI puSTi hotI haiN| vyAvahArika jagat meM bhI yahI bAta pAte haiM / prAkRtika cikitsA-praNAlI meM mAnasa-rogI ko sudhArane ke lie vibhinna raMgoM kI kiraNoM kA yA vibhinna raMgoM kI botaloM ke jaloM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| yoga-praNAlI meM pRthvI, jala Adi tattvoM ke raMgoM ke parivartana ke anusAra mAnasa-parivartana kA krama batalAyA gayA hai|

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karmavAda kRSNa nIla gAya kI jIbha se anantaguNa karkaza podgalika vikAroM (dravya lezyAoM) ke varNa, rasa, gaMdha aura sparza kA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai____ varNa rasa gaMdha kAjala ke samAna kAlA nIma se ananta guNa kaTu mRta sarpa kI | nIlama ke samAna nIlA soMTha se ananta gaMdha se guNa tIkSNa ananta guNa | kabUtara ke gale ke kacce Ama ke rasa se aniSTa gaMdha | samAna raMga anantaguNa tikta hiMgula-siMdUra ke samAna pake Ama ke rasa se rakta surabhi-kusuma haldI ke samAna pIlA madhu se anantaguNa kI gaMdha se anantaguNa zaMkha ke samAna sapheda misarI se ananta iSTa gaMdha guNa miSTa kApota ------- tejas anantaguNa madhura makkhana / padma miSTa anantaguNa hai sukumAra / zukla .

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08 janadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA paudgalika vicAra (dravyalezyA) ke sAtha caitasika vicAra (bhAvalezyA) kA gaharA saMbaMdha hai| caitasika vicAra ke anurUpa podgalika vicAra hote haiM athavA paudgalika vicAra ke anurUpa caitasika vicAra hote haiM, yaha eka jaTila prazna hai| isake samAdhAna ke lie hameM lezyA kI utpatti para dhyAna denA hogaa| caitasika vicAra kI utpatti do prakAra se hotI hai-moha ke udaya se yA usake vilaya se / audayika caitasika vicAra aprazasta hote haiM aura vilayajanita caitasika vicAra prazasta hote haiN| kRSNa, nIla aura kApota-ye tIna aprazasta tathA teja, padma aura zukla-ye tIna prazasta lezyAeM haiN| pahalI tIna lezyAeM bure adhyavasAya vAlI haiM, isalie ve durgati kI hetu haiN| uttaravartI tIna lezyAeM bhale adhyavasAya vAlI haiM, isalie ve sugati kI hetu haiN| kRSNa, nIla aura kApota-ye tIna adharma lezyAeM tathA teja, padma aura zukla-ye tIna dharma lezyAeM haiN| niSkarSa yaha hai ki AtmA ke bhale aura bure adhyavasAya hone kA mUla kAraNa moha kA abhAva yA bhAva hai| kRSNa Adi pudgala dravya bhale-bure adhyavasAyoM ke sahakArI kAraNa banate haiN| mAtra kAle, nIle Adi pudgaloM se hI AtmA ke pariNAma bure-bhale nahIM banate / moha kA bhAva-abhAva tathA paudagalika vicAra--- ina donoM ke kAraNa AtmA ke bUre yA bhale pariNAma banate haiN| jainetara graMthoM meM bhI karma kI vizuddhi yA varNa ke AdhAra para jIvoM kI kaI avasthAeM batalAI gaI haiN| pAtaMjalayoga meM varNita karma kI kRSNa, zukla-kRSNa, zukla aura azukla-akRSNa--ye cAra jAtiyAM bhAva-lezyA kI zreNI meM AtI haiN| sAMkhyadarzana tathA zvetAzvataropaniSad meM raja, sattva aura tamoguNa ko lohita, zukla aura kRSNa kahA gayA hai| yaha dravyalezyA kA rUpa hai| rajoguNa mana ko moharaMjita karatA hai, isalie vaha lohita hai| sattva guNa se mana mala-rahita hotA hai, isalie vaha zukla hai| tamoguNa jJAna ko AvRta karatA hai, isalie vaha kRSNa hai| karmoM kA saMyoga aura viyoga : AdhyAtmika vikAsa aura hrAsa isa vizva meM jo kucha hai, vaha hotA rahatA hai / 'honA' vastu

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karmavAda 99 kA svabhAva hai / ' nahIM honA' aisA jo hai, vaha vastu hI nahIM hai / vastueM tIna prakAra kI haiM 1. acetana aura amUrta-dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla / 2. acetana aura mUrta - pudgala / 3. cetana aura amUrta - jIva / pahalI prakAra kI vastuoM kA honA - pariNamana --- svAbhAvika hI hotA hai aura vaha satata pravahamAna rahatA hai / pudgala meM svAbhAvika pariNamana ke atirikta jIva-kRta prAyogika pariNamana bhI hotA hai, use ajIvodaya - niSpanna kahA jAtA hai / zarIra aura usake prayoga meM pariNata pudgala varNa, gaMdha, rasa aura sparza--ye ajovodaya-niSpanna haiM / yaha jitanA dRzya saMsAra hai, vaha saba yA to jIvat zarIra hai yA jIva-mukta zarIra / jIva meM svAbhAvika aura pudgalakRta prAyogika pariNamana hotA hai / svAbhAvika pariNamana ajIva aura jIva donoM meM samarUpa hotA hai| pudgala meM jIvakRta parivartana hotA hai, vaha kevala usake saMsthAnaAkAra kA hotA hai / vaha cetanAzIla nahIM, isalie isase usake vikAsa- hrAsa, unnati- avanati kA krama nahIM banatA / pudgala jaivika parivartana para Atmika vikAsa - hrAsa, Aroha-patana kA krama avalambita rahatA hai / isI prakAra usase nAnAvidha avasthAeM aura anubhUtiyAM banatI haiN| vaha dArzanika citana kA eka maulika viSaya bana jAtA hai /

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jainadarzana meM tattva-mImAMsA varSa 1960-61 ke prazna patra 1. "dArzanikoM kA dhyeyavAda" bhaviSya ko preraka mAnatA hai aura vaijJAnikoM kA "vikAsavAda" atIta ko| isakI samIkSA kiijie| 10 2 prANiyoM ke utpatti-sthAna, saMkhyA va kula-koTi kA varNana kro| 10 3. vanaspati ke jIvoM meM avyakta dasa saMjJAoM kA udAharaNa sahita ullekha kro| 4. manuSya ke jIvana para prabhAva ke nimitta kauna-kauna-se haiM ? varNana kro| 5. garbha kI paribhASA, varga, mAnuSI garbha ke vikalpa, sthiti, prabhAva ___ Adi ko apane zabdoM meM ullekhita kro| 6. jIva ke cavadaha bheda aura unakA AdhAra kyA hai ? 7. kriyAvAda aura akriyAvAda para apane vicAra prakaTa kro| 8. AtmA ke astitva ke sAdhaka tarka kyA haiM ? varNana karo? 9. ina viSayoM para laghukAya nibandha likheM : 1. punarjanma, 2. antarakAla, 3. jAtismRti jJAna, 4. atIndriya jJAna, 5. mukta aatmaa| varSa 1961-62 ke prazna patra 1. vastueM kitane prakAra kI hotI haiM va usake pariNamana kI kyA prakriyA 2. 'lezyA' kA artha, prakAra, varNa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza para laghu nibandha likheN| 3. karma-mukti kI kyA prakriyA hai va mukta hone vAle sAdhakoM kI kitanI zreNiyAM haiM ? 4. 'karma kI udIraNA' para jaina siddhAnta ke saMbaMdha meM apane vicAra prakaTa kreN| 5. TippaNI kareM (ka) puruSArtha bhAgya ko badala sakatA hai| (kha) dharma aura puNya pRthak tattva haiN| (ga) pudgala hetu va pudgala pariNAma hetu karmodaya / (gha) baMdha aura udaya kA antara kAla / (Ga) AtmA aura karma kA saMbaMdha / 6. astitva siddhi ke prakAroM ke saMdarbha meM jIva-ajIva kA astitva siddha karo / 7. 'jAti smRti' jJAna kyA hai ? vivecana kiijie|

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karmavAda athabA atIndriya jJAna kyA hai ? isa para vivecana kIjie / 8. prANI para bAharI nimittoM ke prabhAva ke viSaya meM jaina dRSTikoNa kyA hai ? isa para nimittoM ke prakAra batAkara apane vicAra prakaTa kareM / 101 9. prANiyoM ke utpatti-sthAna va kula kI saMkhyA kA varNana karo / 10. karmoM ke udaya se kyA hotA hai ? pratyeka karma va usake udaya se hone vAle prabhAva kA vistAra sahita ullekha karo / varSa 1662-63 ke prazna patra 1. vizva sthiti ke mUla sUtra (AdhArabhUta tathya ) kyA haiM ? 2. jIva kina udIrNa yA anudIrNa karma - pudgaloM kI udIraNA karatA hai aura kyoM ? 3. baMdha kA hetu kauna hai aura baMdha kaise hotA hai ? 4. jaina dRSTi se AtmA kA svarUpa kyA hai ? vistAra se samajhAiye | 5. sajIva aura nirjIva padArthoM kA pRthakkaraNa kisa prakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai ? 6. jIva ke kitane bheda haiM aura unakA AdhAra kyA hai ? 7. sthUla zarIra va sUkSma zarIra ke bIca kyA antara hai va unakA kyA prabhAva hai ? 8. 'krama vikAsavAda' ke mUla sUtra kyA haiM ? Apa isase kitane sahamata - asahamata haiM ? va kyoM ? 9. "sAdhAraNa vanaspati kA jIvana saMgha-baddha hotA hai"- isa para laghu nibaMdha likhie /

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