Granth Ane Granthkar Pustak 04

Author(s): Hiralal Tribhovandas Parekh
Publisher: Gujarat Varnacular Society
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/032063/1

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; iia sAru zu A 7 - HA _133 * kaMkat a1, 115 twin stirit/ stuIkSaRI!!! SUITABLUEII0- [f//' ?' //ti/* * * * pagI JIY IZ 1]jAzAtI vArtA sthA(lAra ramATEAllI amadAvAda

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pustaka :4: leDI vidyAbahena 2. nIlakaMTha graMthaparicaya sAthe sane 1lya3 BooooooooHobbyooooOoooaaaas taiyAra karanAra, hIrAlAla tribhuvanadAsa pArekha, bI. e Asi. sekreTarI-amadAvAda, kismata eka rUpiyo. Laassaaa19aaaaaaa

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saMvat 1989 AvRtti 1 lI i. sa. 1933 prata 1500 amadAvAda--dhI DAyamaMDa jayubilI " prinTiMga presamAM parIkha devIdAsa chaganalAle chApyuM. prakAzaka : gujarAta varnAkayulara sesAiTI taraphathI hIrAlAla tribhuvanadAsa pArekha, bI. e; Asi. sekreTarI-amadAvAda.

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graMtha paricaya gujarAtI bhASA vAMcanAra janatAnA tamAma vargamAM lokapriya thaI paDelI " graMtha ane graMthakAra' pustakamAlAnuM cothuM prakAzana bahAra pADatAM AnaMda thAya che. e pustakamAM prati varSa bhASA ane sAhityane lagatAM upayogI aMgenI carcA karavAmAM Ave che e enI khAsa vizeSatA che. pustako lakhanAranAM caritra temaja temanI kRtionI yAdI e te kAyamanuM aMga che. taduparAMta reference mATe upayogI thAya tevI bAbatono AmAM samAveza karavAmAM Ave che. varSamAM prakaTa thaelAM pustakonI vargavAra yAdI, varSa daramiyAna sAmayika patromAM prasiddha thaelA sArA lekhonI vigatavAra sUcI tathA gujarAtI bhASAnA abhyAsa mATenA pustakonI nAmAvali e sarva gujarAtI sAhityanA reference mATe bahumUlya vastuo che. AkhA varSa daramiyAna sAmayika patra vAMcI temAMthI ziSTa lekhanI noMdhaNI karavAnuM kAma dhArIe teTaluM saheluM nathI. A varSa ApelI sAmayika patro saMbaMdhI carcA vAMcanArane jarUra priya thaI paDaze. vizeSamAM bhAI dezaLajI paramAra jevA abhyAsIe 1932 nA varSanI suMdara kAvyakRtiono vibhAga taiyAra karI Apyo che te kharekhara A pustakanI upayogitAmAM vadhAro kare che. bhAI bacubhAI rAvatane pitAne mAnIte viSaya paNa A prakAzanamAM mAluma paDaze. gujarAta varnAkayulara sosAITI A bhAIonI RNI che. gujarAtI keLavaNIkAronAM caritra ane tene lagatI ghaNI mahattvanI bAbate A graMthamAM jovAmAM Avaze. TuMkAmAM A pustakane reference nA pustaka tarIke jema bane tema vadhAre upayogI tathA AkarSaka banAvavA mATe saMpAdake satata kALajI rAkhelI che ema kahyA vinA cAle tema nathI. chellAM thoDAM varSa daramiyAna banyuM che tema 1932nI sAlamAM paNa bAla sAhityane jabare phAla ApaNI bhASAne prApta thayo che. e sarvanA saMskAra meLavelAM bALake jyAre bhaviSyamAM nAgarika banaze tyAre jarUra gujarAtanuM nAma dIpAvaze. | gujarAtI sAhitya badhI dizAmAM kheDAtuM jAya che e A pustakamAM ApelI yAdI parathI jaNAI Avaze. vijJAna ane arthazAstra jevA ochA beDAyelA viSaya para paNa pustake vadhArene vadhAre lakhAya che e samayanuM zubha cihna che. prajA ekaMdare garIba, ajJAnanuM pramANa ghaNuM ja

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meTuM, vAMcananA zekhanA puratA vikAsane abhAvaH e sarva virodhI baLe chatAM saMkhyAbaMdha pustaka lakhAya che ane prakaTa thAya che ethI sAhityAnurAgIonAM citta niHsaMzaya prasanna thatAM ja haze. tema chatAM ApaNA sAhityanI ghaNuM nyUnatAo che, te purI pADavA sahadaya lekhaka vargane vinaMti karavI asthAne nahi gaNAya. ApaNuM Adarza ucca rAkhI, sAmAnya pariNAmethI saMtoSa nA mAno e ja AgaLa vadhavAno mArga che ema mAre namra abhiprAya che, je vAraMvAra jaNAvavAmAM vAMdho nathI. vadhAre ucagAmI ane uMDA abhyAsavALAM pustake bIjA dezonAM sAhityamAM che te prakAranAM ApaNI bhASAmAM racAya evI uccAbhilASA sahu koI rAkhaze ja. A saMbaMdhe ullekha karatAM ApaNI samakSa ApaNo Arthika prazna khaDo thayA vinA rahetuM nathI, seMkaDe umeda ane AzAbharyA sAhityanA abhyAsIo pitAnA abhyAsa daramiyAna kAMI kAMI svapnAM sevatA, jIvananA kalahamAM paDe che tyAre temanAM e svapanAM uMDI jAya che. mATInI jamIna para paga mukatAM temane jaNAya che ke jIvana TakAvavuM hoya, jIvananI ochAmAM ochI jarUrIAto purI pADavI hoya te paNa savArathI sAMja sudhI cAlu mahenata karavA taiyAra hoya te chatAM kAma maLatuM nathI. maLe te jIvanane zodhIne nIcovI nAMkhanAruM hoya che. ullAsa ane AnaMda, je vaDe preraNAzaktine poSaNa maLe che te aMtardhAna thaI gayAM hoya che. abhyAsa ane vAMcana mATe zAnti ane vakhata joIe te bhAgye ja maLe che. eTale ke sAhityanA saMvardhanane sAnukUla thAya tevI paristhiti ghaNA thaDAne hoya che; koI koI vyakti A badhAM vidane vaTAvI sAhityamAM kAma kare che to te bahAra pADavA sAdhana nathI hotuM. sAhityanuM kAma karanArane udarapoSaNanuM sAdhana enAthI maLatuM nathI e ApaNA dezanI kamanasIbI che. bhaviSyamAM paNa "graMtha ane graMthakAranA pratyeka pustakamAM abhyAsIone upayogI aMga dAkhala karavAmAM avazya Avaze. tene lagatuM Albama paNa TuMka samayamAM prasiddha karavAnI dhAraNA che; prajAnA uttejana ane TekAthI gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAITI pitAne kRtakRtya thaelI mAne che. amadAvAda, bhadra, tA. ra9-9-33. vidyAbahena nIlakaMTha

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prastAvanA prastuta prakAzananI pAchaLa eka ja vicAra kAma karI rahyo che ane te e ke "graMtha ane graMthakAra" nuM pustaka ApaNuM gujarAtI lekhaka ane vAMcaka baMdhune tenA vAcana, abhyAsa ane lekhanakAryamAM bane teTaluM upayogI ane madadagAra thaI paDeH e AzayathI prati varSa temAM kaMIne kaMI navuM tattva umeravA tajavIja karavAmAM Ave che. A vakhate be navAM aMge umeryA cheH (1) sana 1932 mAM prasiddha thayelI suMdara kAvyakRtio; ane (2) gujarAtI sAmayika patronI sUcI. graMthakAra caritrAvaLI vibhAgamAM arvAcIna videhImAMnA DAMkanAM -AraMbhanA keLavaNIkAronAM caritro ApavAnI zarUAta karI che, te vibhAga bane teTale vizvasanIya ane AdhArabhUta karavA khAsa kALajI levAmAM AvelI che. bhAvi caritrakeSanA pAyArUpa e sAdhana thaI paDe, evI umeda vadhupaDatI nahi jaNAya. gurjara graMthakAra citrAvalinuM pustaka eka svataMtra AlabamarUpe AvatA varSamAM bahAra paDe evI vakI che; te mATe taiyArI thaI rahI che. pahela pustaka eka citronuM ApavAnI yojanA karI che. sana 193ranI kavitAnI pasaMdagI zrIyuta dezaLajI paramAre karI ApI - che. e mATe emano huM RNuM chuM. ghaNA baMdhuone khabara nahi hoya ke amadAvAdamAM gujarAtI kavitAno eka abhyAsavarga cAle che. temAM ApaNA keTalAka sArA ane jANItA navA kavio joDAyelA che. kumAra kAryAlaya tenuM kendra sthAna che, tenA preraka baLa zrIyuta bacubhAI rAvata che. zrIyuta bacubhAI rAvata, vAcaka baMdhunA lakSamAM haze ja ke "graMtha ane graMthakAra'nI zarUAtathI tene emanuM potAnuM eka kArya samajI tenA saMpAdana kAryamAM mane hamezA madada karatA rahyA che; ane hareka vakhata, emanA aneka vyavasAyamAMthI samaya kADhIne, je kimatI lekha lakhI mokale che tenI ekalA lekhakavarge ja nahi paNa mudraNakaLA sAthe nisbata dharAvanArA sIe

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prazaMsA karelI che ane te A pustakanuM vizeSa AkarSaNa che, e AbhaprAya sAthe, mArI khAtrI che ke, sau kaI saMmata thaze. hareka pustakamAM leDI vidyAbahenano huM upakAra mAnuM chuM te kevaLa ziSTAcAra nathI ja. mArA kAryamAM teo saraLatA karI Ape che, eTaluM ja nahi paNa A prakAzanamAM khAsa rasa le che, e mane thoDuM protsAhaka nathI. amadAvAda, tA. 25-9-1933 hIrAlAla tri. pArekha -

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viSaya graMtha paricaya anukramaNikA 14540 1 2 prastAvanA 3 pustakAnI vargIkRta yAdI sana 1932 4 ... sana 1932 mAM mAsikAmAM prasiddha thayalA lekhAnI sUcI 5 gujarAtI sAhityanI sAlavArI }gujarAtI sAmayika patrAnI yAdI 7 gujarAtI bhASA sAhityanA abhyAsa arthe mAdaka ane sahAyaka graMthAnI sUcI 8 pustakanuM rUpavidhAna 9 gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanA pramukhAnI yAdI gu. sAhitya pariSadanuM hAlanu adhikArI maMDaLa 11 graMcakAra ciratrAvalI [ arvAcIna videhI ] 10 1 raNacheADadAsa gIradharabhAinuM janma caritra 2 rA. bA. meAhanalAla raNacheoDadAsa jhaverInuM Atmakathana 3 rA. sA. mayArAma zaMbhunAthanuM citra 4 rA. bA. jamIyatarAma gaurIzaMkara zAstrInuM caritra 5 jozI sAMkaLezvara AzArAmanuM jIvanacaritra 1ra graMthakAra caritrAvalI [ vidyamAna ] 1 amRtalAla meAtIlAla zAha 2 IndulAla jhulacaMda gAMdhI 3 umAzakara jeThAlAla joSI ... 6 gaNapatarAma rAjArAma bhaTTanuM AtmavRttAMta 7 rA. khA. kamaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedInuM caritra 4 gaDhulAla gepIlAla dhruva 5 gokaLadAsa kukheradAsa mahetA 6 rA. bA. caMdravidyAnaMda zrIkRSNAnaMda paMDayA 7 caMdulAla jeThAlAla vyAsa mahatvanA w 3 5 1 puSTa thI 4 thI thI 17 18 thI 35 36 thI 46 47 thI 56 57 thI 60 61 thI 69 70 71 1 27 ra 69 72 74 94 116 117 118 119 121 123 124

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129 139 8 rA. sA. janubhAI acaratalAla saiyada 126 9 tribhuvanadAsa purUSottamadAsa luhAra (sundarama) 127 10 durlabhajI tribhuvanadAsa jhaverI 128 11 dhIrajalAla TokarazI zAha 12 dhIrasiMha baherAbhAI gohila 131 13 naTavaralAla mULacaMda vImAvALA 134 14 -nhAnAlAla camanalAla mahetA 137 15 prItamarAya vRjarAya desAI 138 16 bhIkhAbhAi puruSottama vyAsa 17 maganalAla gaNapatirAma zAstrI 140 18 manu ha. dave (kAvya tIrtha) 142 19 manubhAI lallubhAI jodhANa 144 20 mahAsukhabhAI cunIlAla zeTha 146 21 khA. bA. mehabubamiyAM ImAmabakSa kAdarI 148 22 meharajIbhAI bhANajI raturA 151 23 rAmaprasAda mohanalAla zukala 152 24 raMgIladAsa lakSmIdAsa sutarIA 153 25 vasaMtarAma harikRSNa zAstrI 155 26 harasiddhabhAI vajubhAI dIveTiyA 156 27 harilAla narasiMharAma vyAsa 157 13 sana 1932 nI kavitA 158-174 azuddhi pustakanI vargIkRta yAdInI nIce sana 1933 chapAyuM che tene badale sana 1932 mAM vAMcavuM.

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gujarAtI sAmayika patra graMtha ane graMthakAra'nA upadughAtamAM A varSe "gujarAtI sAmayika patro" e viSaya carcavAnuM pasaMda karyuM che. e pasaMdagI karavAmAM traNa cAra kAraNe maLI AvyAM. patrakAritva AjakAla sAhityanA paryAyarUpa thaI paDayuM che. eka sAruM vartamAna patra Aje jeTalI ane jevA vividha prakAranI vAcanasAmagrI pUrI pADe che, te ApaNuM pustakamAMthI maLI zakatI nathI. pustake karatAM eka vartamAnapatra jhAjhuM vaMcAya che ane tene bahoLo pracAra thAya che. Adhunika jIvana eTaluM vyavasAyI banI gayuM che ane te evuM vyagra rahe che ke koI viSaya para sAmAnya mAhitI meLavavA jijJAsA uddabhave to paNa te pAchaLa eTalo samaya ApavAne ApaNane avakAza hoto nathI. Adhunika saMskRtinuM kendrasthAna vartamAnapatra che ema kahI zakIe ane tenA vikAsa ane abhyadayamAM prajAne jIvanavikAsa ane unnati bahudhA avalaMbI rahe che. koI zastra karatAM ke koI rAjasattA karatAM tenI zakti, lAgavaga ane kAbu abhuta che. samAjamAM Aje te advitIya sthAna dharAve che. te Icche evA raMgavALuM manuSya jIvanane raMgI zake che; te dhAre evA vicArone pracAra karI zake che. lokazikSaNanuM ane lokamata keLavavAnuM te eka samartha ane pracaMDa sAdhana che. ApaNe ahiM akSarajJAna haju vastInI alpa saMkhyAmAM che paNa e pramANa jema vadhatuM jaze tema vAcanane zekha jarUra khIlaze. Aje paNa janatAmAM vAcanane zokha vadhyo che, te dararoja navA aThavADike nikaLe jAya che te batAvI Ape che. ApaNA jIvanane A pramANe sparzatuM ane sAhityane piSaka evuM eka aMga ane baLa teno yathAvakAza jarUra vicAra ane carcA thavAM ghaTe che. patrakAritvanA aMge aneka jAtanA prakane eka patrakAre tema ApaNuM samAjanA netAe vicAravAno upasthita thAya che; A lekha lakhavAnuM zarU karyuM e arasAmAM judA judA patromAM patrakAritva paratve bhinna bhinna dRSTie carcAyelA muddAo mArA vAMcavAmAM AvyA te prathama raju karIza. jeTha mAsanuM "kumAra" mAsika tA. 4 thI sapTembaranA roja maLyuM temAM nIce mujaba eka noMdha hatIH

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 "ApaNe tyAM pomAM vaividhya khIlatuM nathI tenuM kAraNa ja e che ke vividha prakAranA jIvana-anubhavovALA ane dhaMdhAnA mAhitagAra mANase pitAnI dizAmAM racyApacyA rahelA hovAthI mAtra thoDAM nANAMnI khAtara teo lakhavAnI pravRtti hAtha dhare tema nathI, tema ja temanA dhaMdhAmAM maLatAM lavAjamanI barAbara lekhanathI prApti thaI zake ema nathI; eTale maulika, anubhavapUrNa lekhe, hakIkate, vArtAo vagere mATe ApaNe temanI darakAra ane udAratA upara ja AzA bAMdhavAnI rahe che." gujarAtamitra ane gujarAta darpaNamAM eja muddAne "senAnI" nAmadhArI lekhake judI ja dASTae avalokya che. te bhAI lakhe che, "lekhake e paNa "paisA" maLe e AzAe lakhavuM joIe nahIM. paraMtu temaNe "sAhityanI sevA" tarIke ja kArya karavuM rahyuM. bhale, pachI e sevAnA badale na maLe; paraMtu nANunI apekSAe ja "sevA" karavI e siddhAMta te na ja rAkhavuM joIe. "sAhitya" e paNa eka kaLA che ane kaLAnAM mUlya kadI "paisA"thI thayAM che ke have thAya?"x uparanAthI judA prakArano paNa patrakAritvanI rItinIti viSe mahatvane prazna teja vakhate "jaina" aThavADikanA vidvAna taMtrIe "kSamApanA" e zirSaka heThaLa, tenA tA. 3 jI sapTembaranA aMkamAM calo jovAmAM Avyo. te perA A pramANe hato: patrakAranI javAbadArI temaja jokhamadArI koI paNa zikSaka, upadezaka ke mArgadarzaka karatAM jarAya utaratA prakAranI nathI. patrakAra mAtra doSa daSTivALA ja hoya evI bhramaNA keTalAka jANI joIne phelAve che. sAmayika patro saMbha ja pedA kare che ema paNa keTalAka mAnatA haze. paraMtu e AkhIya vicArazreNI satyathI vegaLI che. jemane pitAne ja kakko manamAnatI rIte ghuMTAva hoya, gADarIA pravAhane ekaja lAkaDIe hAMka hoya tene sAmayika patro ane patronA saMcAlake akArA lAge e samajAya evI vAta che." AnAthI ulaTuM keTalAMka IgrejI patro aMgata svArtha ane lAbha meLavavAnI khAtara, temanA patranA bahoLA pracAra arthe je halakI ane adhama rIti akhatyAra kare che tenI e ja tArIkhanA TAimsa opha inDiyA * gujarAtamitra ane darpaNa, tA. 3 jI sapTembara.

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gujarAtI sAmayika patra. (Times of India)nA aMkamAM tenA ta MtrIe atra noMdhamAM kaDaka zabdomAM khabara lIdhI hatI. e neAMdhatA lekhaka jaNAve che, "It is by no means an exaggeration to say that the type of mind which has been permitted to control this section of the British Press during the last decade has been making drastic and heavily financed efforts to prostitute a great profession. ', gujarAtI patramAM paNa A badI dhIme dhIme pagapesArA karatI jAya che, e va`mAnapatranA anubhavIenI najara bahAra nahi heAya. 66 paraMtu A vicArothI khinna thayalA manane "neza " nAmanA jANItA IMgrejI mAsikanA sapTembarane tAjo ja aMka prApta thatAM, temAM mAnapatranuM mukhya aMga samAcAra'' e viSayane mahatva ApI te muddAne ramuja bharyo carcelA vAMcatAM kaMIka sAtvana maLyuM ane A saghaLA vicArAe mane gujarAtI sAmayika patra viSe vivecana karavA preyeryAM. A prane khIjI rIte paNa mArUM dhyAna kheMcyuM hatuM. cAlu sAlamAM sAsAiTIe pahelI gujarAta pustakAlaya pariSada bharavAnA nirNaya karyo hatA, ane tenI sAthe gujarAtI sAmayika patrAnuM pradarzana yeAjavAnI vyavasthA rAkhI hatI. e pradananeA eka Azaya e paNa hateA ke gujarAtImAM prasiddha thatAM sarva patrAnI hakIkata bane teTalI sa'pUrNa ekaThI karI zakAya; ane e uddezathI eka patraka, je te patranA taMtrI vAsa`cAlakane mukhya ane mahatvanI mAhitI pUrI pADavA meAkalavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. sana 1924 mAM pahelI gujarAtI patrakAra pariSada amadAvAdamAM maLI hatI tyAre A pramANe ApaNA gujarAtI patrAnI sUcI taiyAra karavA prayatna karavAmAM AvyA hatA. te vakhate pariSadanA aMge vartamAnapatrAnuM pradarzana rAkhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM ane tenA udghATananI kriyA leDI vidyAaena ramaNabhAI nIlakaMThanA haste karAvavAmAM AvI hatI. paNa jemitrAne temAM raju thayelAM vartamAnapatrAnI noMdha levAnuM soMpyuM hatuM te saMjogavazAt te karI zakyA naheAtA. eTale prastuta hetu bara lAvavA sau patrakAra baMdhuene tenA patranI 3

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graMtha ane graMthakAra, pu. 4 nakala pradarzana mATe mokalI ApavAnI sAthe je chApeluM patraka temane ravAne karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM te bharI mekalavA vinaMti karI hatI. vaLI prastuta yAdInuM kAma sugamatAbharyuM thaI paDe e vicArathI muMbAI ilAkAnA TapAla khAtAnA uparI adhikArIne je sAmayika patro TapAla khAtAnA niyamAnusAra TapAlanA ochA ane khAsa done lAbha meLave che, tenAM nAmanI TapAlakhAtA pAsenI yAdI, vecAtI maLI zakatI hoya to tenI kiMmata laIne athavA tenI nakala utarAvavAno kharca laIne, ApavA sUcavyuM hatuM; paNa tene uttara khAtA taraphathI nakAramAM Avyo hate. mAruM mAnavuM che ke e yAdI AvA khAsa kAraNasara pUrI pADavAmAM sarakAre vAMdho levo ne joie. sosAITInA vinaMtipatrathI sAmayika patro jenI nakalo amane sIdhI maLI te parathI tema anya rIte tajavIja karIne meLavI zakyA tenA AdhAre gujarAtImAM prasiddha thatA sAmayika patronI sUcI A pustakanA pRSTa 49 thI 6. upara chApavAmAM AvI che. A yAdI saMpUrNa che ema na ja kahevAya. paNa enI saMkhyA 227 nI noMdhAyelI che temAM pAMca TakA rahI jatAM patranAM nAma umerIe te lagabhaga teno kharo AMkaDe maLI rahe, ema dhAravuM che. hindI vastIpatrakanA rIporTamAM sAmAnya rIte judI judI bhASAo bolanArAnA AMkaDAo ApavAne zirate che; paNa dilagIrInI vAta e che ke sana 1931 nA hindI vastIpatrakanA rIporTanA koSTaka 10 mAM je bhASAvAra kolama ApavAmAM AvyuM che, temAM A vakhate gujarAtI bhASA bolanArAonI saMkhyA noMdhavAmAM AvI nathI. gujarAtI bhASAne A mATe anyAya thayo che; ane tema karavAnuM sensasa kamizanare kAMI kAraNa paNa darzAvyuM nathI. morDana rivyunA bAhoza taMtrI zrIyuta rAmAnaMda ceTarajIe sarakAranA A manasvI kAryane te mAsikanA phebruArI aMkamAM vakhoDI kADhayuM hatuM. te sivAya anya koI patre e viSe ullekha karyo hoya ema mArI jANamAM nathI. te parathI mane lAgyuM ke pAchalA vastIpatrakamAMthI A viSaya para jarUrI mAhitI bhegI karavI. hindI vastIpatrakanA junA rIperTe sulabha nahotA. paNa muMbAI IlAkAnA rIporTa huM meLavI zakyo, te mArA kArya mATe puratA hatA.

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gujarAtI sAmayika pa. gujarAtI sAmayika patro viSe lakhavAmAM A paNa eka preraka kAraNa hatuM. te samaye muMbaI ilAkAne sana 1931 ne vastIpatrakano rIporTa prasiddha thayo nahoto. paNa sana 1911 ane sana 1921 nA rIporTa upalabdha hatA. temAM paNa ApaNA sAmayika pa viSe ApaNe icchIe evI pUrepUrI hakIkata noMdhelI nahotI. sana 1911 nA (muMbAI ilAkAnA) vastIpatraka rIporTamAM "chApAM' e mathALA heThaLa gujarAtI vartamAnapatronI saMkhyA 45 nI batAvelI che ane te saMkhyA sana 1891 ane sana 1901 mAM 31 ane 31 anukrame hatI ema vadhumAM noMdhyuM che. e saMkhyAmAM 6 chApAM evAM hatAM ke jene phelAvo 2500 thI vadhu nakalono hato. sana 1921nI vastIpatraka rIporTanA saMpAdana karanAra sensasa kamizanarane A prakAranI mAhitI ApavAnI agatya jaNAI nahotI. teo lakhe cheH "In 1911 figures were also given of newspapers and their circulation. This I have not done on the present occasion. The increase in the newspaper reading habit which is undoubted, takes the form of increase in the circulation of existing rather than the foundation of new papers and the circulation of any paper is probably a matter of some uncertainty." - uparokta kathana vajuda vinAnuM che ema kahevAnI bhAgyeja jarUra rahe che. vAcanane zekha vadhavA ane khIlavAnI sAthe vartamAnapatro navAM navAM nikaLatAM jAya che, te sana 1933 nAM sAmayika patronI yAdI anyatra chApI che temAM eka varSanI aMdaranA patronI saMkhyA jevAthI khAtrI thaze. gujarAtI bhASA sAhitya dina pratidina vikasatuM ane khIlatuM jAya che ane tenI sAhitya samRddhi anya koI dezI bhASAnI harIphAImAM ubhI rahI zake evA uMcA prakAranI che; ane tenAM pustaka prakAzananA AMkaDA anya koI dezI bhASAmAM chapAtAM pustakonA pramANamAM ochA mAluma nahi paDe; eTaluM ja nahi paNa gujarAtI janatA mukhyatve vepArI varganI hoIne tenAmAM akSaratAnuM pramANa paNa meTuM jaNAze.

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graMtha ane gra MthakAra pu. 4 tenA samarthanamAM pAchalA vastIpatrakeAmAMthI AMkaDA ApIzuM; ane sarakhAmaNI sArU marAThI bhASA khelanAra jenI saMkhyA gujarAtIthI jAde che ane marAThI sAhitya paNa vadhu vikaseluM che, tenA AMkaDA raju karIzuM. 1891 thI 1900 sudhI pustakA sana 1901 1910 gujarAtI marAThI chApAM gujarAtI marAThI 213 100 475 359 bhASA 1901 1911 gujarAtI 6670000 7204000 marAThI 1901 thI 1910 sudhI 2937 1989 1891 1901 1911 31 31 45 * 19 60 68 67 * 87 vadhu ceAsa thavA sadarahu rIporTa mAMthI ja e khe gujarAtI ane marAThI bhASA khelatI prajAnA AMkaDAe utArIzuM. puruSa hajAre strIo-hajAra 2539 1802 1921-1931 1921 7404000 1931 XXXX 10100000 10453000 9791000 11,115000 A AMkaDA muMbAI IlAkA puratA che; paraMtu sAmAnya mAnyatA evI che ke gujarAtI bhASA khelanArI prajAnI saMkhyA Azare savA karoDa, marAThInI doDhathIe karADa, baMgALInI pAMca karADanI AsapAsa ane hindInI dasa karoDathI vadhu, e pramANe che. sAmAnya akSarajJAna eTale ke lakhI vAMcI jANe evA manuSyeAnI saMkhyA muMbAI ilAkAmAM sana 1931 nA vastIpatrakanA rIporTamAM kula 23,159,538 nI vastImAM, 1,877,180 batAvelI che. emAM gujarAtIenI saMkhyA judI kADhI batAvelI nathI; paNa kula vastIneA 8-1 TakA bhAga akSarajJAnavALA che; bAkIneA 91-99 bhAga haju ajJAna paDelA che. nirakSaratA nivAraNanI gati keTalI badhI mada cAle che, e nIce ApelA tenA pacAsa varSanA AMkaDA parathI spaSTa thazeH va 1891 1901 1911 91 108 112 5 9 13 1921 1931 134 143 23 24

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gujarAtI sAmayika patra. 43 ApaNe ahiM je pramANamAM vastIne vadhAro thAya che, tenA jeTalo paNa prajAmAM akSarajJAnamAM vadhAro thato nathI, e zocanIya che. vaLI e vastIne vadhAre paNa bIjA dezonA vastInA vadhArAnA pramANamAM ocho cheja. - have bIjA prAMtomAM ane pAzcAtya mulakamAM vastInA pramANamAM vartana mAnapatrone pracAra kevo che te joIe. sana 1932nI sTeTsamena Iyara bukamAMthI mArDana rivyunA taMtrIe e mAhitI nIce pramANe tAravI kADhI che. : sana 1929-30mAM sAmayika patronI saMkhyA : madrAsa. 308 saMyukta prAMta. 626 bihAra ane orissA. 136 muMbAI 354 paMjAba. 425 madhya prAMta ane bihAra. 55 baMgAla. 663 barmA. 161 AsAma. dilhI. 88 vAyavya prAMta. A AMkaDAo sAthe keneDA ane amerikAnA AMkaDA sarakhAvIzuM to hindu ane e dezonI sthiti vacce AsmAna jamInane pharaka mAluma paDaze. aThavA- = = vastI patro. dainika. DiyAmAM jai traNavAra. Te ? keneDA karoDathI vadhu 16 09 116 5 21 966 388 yunAITeDa sTeTasa bAra karoDathI vadhu 20724 2299 65 487 12825 3804 285 959 A saghaLI vigatomAM utAravAnuM prayojana mAtra e che ke vAcakabaMdhu joI zake ke Adhunika samAjajIvanamAM AraMbhamAM jaNAvyA pramANe sAmayika patro kevuM moTuM ane mahatvanuM sthAna bhogave che. bAbu rAmAnaMda ceTarajIe te eka patrakArane janatAnA netRtvanuM pada bakyuM che. teo kahe che, "patrakAre to janatAnA vicAre jANavA joIe ane e vicArAne anusaratI dizAomAM pravRtti karavI joIe. e to janatAnA vicAranuM pratinidhitva laIne beThA hoya che. e to prajAne sAco pratinidhi hoya * morDana rivyu, jAnyuArI 1937, pR. 127 dvimAsika lAbha ?

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 che. eNe potAnA vicAro eTalI badhI gaMbhIratApUrvaka ne suvyavasthita rIte jAheramAM mukavA joIe ke jene laIne janatAnuM kalyANa thAya."x A sababathI gujarAtI sAmayika patrAno prazna, tenI saMkhyA, tene pracAra ane vistAra, tenI vividhatA ane upayogitA, tene vikAsa ane khilavaNI, tenI uNapatA ane muzkelIo vagere, e dRSTie vicAravAnI agatya mane jaNAI. akSaratA Aje nahi jevI che; ane patrakAritva tenI zakti ane sAdhananA pramANamAM aneka prakAranI aDacaNAnI sAme Takkara jhIlIne, ThIka ThIka vistare che ane vikase che; ane jate divase ApaNuM samAjamAM pUrvanA AcAryo ane smRti kAronA jevuM te mobhAvALuM ane bahoLI lAgavaga dharAvatuM janatAnA netRtvanuM pada prApta kare te temAM navAI pAmavA jevuM kAMI nathI. A saMjogamAM gujarAtI sAmayika patranI carcA upayukta thaI paDaze. A Akhoya prazna avalakavAnuM sugama thaI paDe, eTalA mATe sAmayika patranI je yAdI A graMthamAM anyatra chApI che tene be keSTakamAM vaheMcI nAMkhI che. (1) tenA viSayAnusAra-bahu vistRta arthamAM-ane (2) tenA varSanusAra. x dezI mitra-surata-tA. 14 mI sapTembara 1933.

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jJAti bALake strIo jana aMtyaja majUravarga islAmI pArasI sAmAnya prakIrNa dharma pustakAlaya khAdI dezI rAjya sinemA haLavuM sAhitya khetIvADI, sahakAra, jIvadayA keLavaNI. khristi (hiMdI) vepAra udyoga, hunnara Arogya, vaidaka, vyAyAma bahagujarAta j -: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : - - : : : - : : - : : - - - - << i min 95j1bstrelj << : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : gujarAtI sAmayika patranuM pRthakkaraNa viSayAnusAra, | 108 (c) q Syn qn H t PS qS H ' q, q, q, : q, q, >> w qn qn -: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : larejek | Fajlep Falle A : : : : : : : : : : : : : : - : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : -: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : thjlo L 227 49 Home v7 x n zvain wmawazNzIva on gujarAtI sAmayika patro.

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gujarAtI sAmayika panuM pRthakkaraNa varSanusAra. 1 varSanI varSanI 10 varSanI 15 varSanI 25 varSanIpa0 varSanIpavarSanI 100 varSa 25varSa aMdaranA aMdara aMdara aMdara aMdara aMdara aMdara nI aMdara nI aMdara danika a-sAptAhika aThavADika pAkSika saMda ane graMthakAra pu. 4 mAsika mAsika trimAsika cha mAsika vArSika* para | 47 | 18 * AmAM divALInA aMkone samAveza karyo nathI. 20. 16

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gujarAtI sAyika pathoDa upalAM e patrakA vigatavAra tapAsatAM mAluma paDe che ke va`doDha varSa daramiyAna 61 navAM sAmayikapatrA nikaLyAM hatAM; ane sAmayika patrAnI ekaMdara saMkhyAnI sarakhAmaNImAM tenuM pramANa pacIsa TakAthI vadhu thavA jAya che. sAmayikapatrA vecanAranI dukAnapara thoDAka samaya ApaNe thAbhIzuM to thAkabaMdha patrA citra tema raMgaberaMgI puMThAvALAM, tenA vividha prakAranA nAmAbhidhAnathI dhyAna kheMcaze temaja sAmAnya janasamUha tenI nakalA uparAcAparI upADatA jovAmAM Avaze. te batAvI Ape che ke janatAne navA vAcananA zokha lAgyA che; ane te zeAkha keLavAya ane khIle evI tajavIja karavI, e patrakAranuM mu vya che. A saghaLuM vAcanasAhitya mukhyatve jene sAmAnya rIte haLavuM sAhitya kahevAya e prakAranuM che, te ghaNuMkharUM dara aThavADiye bahAra paDe che ane te patrAnI saMkhyA Azare 25nI che. vaLI navAI jevuM e che ke emAMnA meTo bhAga va dADhavamAM astitvamAM AvelA che; paNa te parathI ApaNe eka anumAnapara AvI zakIe ke janasamUha heLavuM sAhitya mAgI rahyA che. A prakAranAM be traNa aTavADikA sArI saphaLatA pAmatAM, tenI spardhAmAM tyArapachI puSkaLa aThavADikA prasiddha thavA lAgyAM; tema chatAM e ghaDI meAja' ane vIsamI sadI' e e jANItAM avADikA tenuM mukhya sthAna adyApi sAcavI rahyAM che. te baMne patrAnA phelAvA baheALA ane moTA che; ane temanI, vAcakane AkarSavAnI ane temane manapasaMda ane ramuja Ape evuM vAcanasAhitya pUrUM pADavAnI, kAbeliyata ane kuneha tArIpha karavA lAyaka che. sAmAnya vAcakane tema sAhityarasikane te satASI zake che eja tenI khUbI che. e kATinuM paNa kaMIka gaMbhIra vAcanasAhitya ApatuM, sAmayika jIvanapraznane, svataMtra rIte, vicArAtmaka zailImAM catuM, lupta 'saurASTra"nI garaja sAratuM paNa tenuM sthAna puratuM nahi, evuM 'phulachAba' TuMka mudatamAM sArI nAmanA pAmyuM che. tenI kalama jevI sacoTa chApa pADI zake che, tevI sIdhI asara bahu thADA aThavADikA upajAvI zakatA haze. tenuM lakhANa paNa pragatimAna vicArAthI te rASTrIya bhAvanAthI raMgAyaluM, joradAra hoya che, phakta temAM 11

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 avAranavAra AvatuM vyaktigata AkSepanuM valaNa echuM thavA pAme te tene prabhAva kaMI judAja jovAmAM Ave. tenA nAma pramANe 'phula chAba'nI pherama cetarapha prasarI rahI, vAcakanA manane tenA maghamaghATathI jarUra rjana kare, evuM tenAmAM sAmarthya che. bhAvanagaramAM ujavAyalI nada zatAbdI utsava viSe, vikArabharI pIlI najare lakhAyalA vRttAMta e patramAM vAcIne mArI peThe ghaNAMne kSeAbha thayA haze. mArUM namra mAnavuM che ke sArA pratiSThita chApAee AvA prakAranA ekapakSI ane aTita AkSepabharyAM lekhane uttejana ApavuM na ja ghaTe. haLavuM sAhitya raju karanArAM keTalAMka aThavADikA mAMhomAMhe harIphAimAM uttarI eka bIjA para aMgata ane halakA AkSeA kare che, te vAMcIne dhRNAja upaje che. 1 patrakAritvanI amuka maryAdA ApaNA patrakArA naja ulladhe ema ApaNe jarUra icchIzuM. atyAre A patrAnI saMkhyA meATI mAluma paDe che. paNa cAra pAMca sArAM avADikA bAda karatAM te saghaLAM jhAjho samaya Takaze ke kema eja mane saMdeha paDatuM lAge che. A lekha lakhAi rahyo che te pahelAMja cAra pAMca aThavADikA to baMdha paDayAM che; ane je cAlu che temAM paNa daivatavALu tattva thADuMja najare paDaze. keTalAMka to dekhAdekhI, khATI harIphAi khAtara nikaLyAnuM mArA jANavAmAM AvyuM che. paNa emAM eka tattva vizeSa dhyAna kheMce che ane te sinemA viSenuM. A patramAMnAM keTalAMkane judI judI sinemA kaMpanI taraphathI uttejana maLe che; ane tenA saMpAdake, TuMkI vArtA, hAsyarasanA TucakA ane ekAda lAMkhI vArtA raju kare che; paNa te vAcana kutuhalatA sAbavA puratuM hoya che; tenA AnaMda paNa kSaNika hoya che; khAsa satyavALuM ane rasabharyuM lakhANa cit jovAmAM Ave che.. ahiM sinemA viSe e zabda lakhavA prApta thAya che. sinemA ane raMgabhUmine lagatAM traNa aThavADika ane e mAsikA pragaTa thAya che, je khuzI thavA jevuM che. sinemAe Adhunika samAja jIvanamAM vamAnapatrathI khIje nakhare mahatvanu sthAna prApta karyuM che; ane e dhaMdhA sArI rIte khIle ane jAme, te prajAne badhI rIte lAbhadAyI che. 12

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gujarAtI sAmayika . uparokata sinemA pA cAlu citrapaTa viSe tema navA taiyAra thatA citrapaTa ane bolapaTa viSenI jANavA jevI ane upayukta mAhitI raju kare che ane temAM bhAga lenArA judA judA pAtrono, temano mukhya pArTI ane abhinaya viSe rasika vigata ApI, paricaya karAve che te eka prakAranuM tene sAnukULa ane uttejaka vAtAvaraNa ubhuM karavAmAM madadagAra thaI paDe che. A daSTie A patre jarUranAM che. tene upayoga bIjI rIte paNa thaI zake ema che. ApaNA dezamAM nirakSaratAnuM pramANa bahu moTuM che. akSarajJAna prApta karyA vinA prajAne vata mAnapatrone saMdezo pahoMcavAno nathI. e satkAryamAM sinemA ApaNane bahu upayogI thaI paDe ema che. akSarajJAnanA abhAve prajAnuM jIvana eLe jAya che, temane ApaNe citrapaTa dvArA kaMIka rAhata ApI zakIzuM; temanA jIvanamAM rasa reDI zakIzuM. e rIte sinemAnI zakti ane sAmarthya atula che. ApaNA patramAM citrapaTa ane bolapaTa viSe pramANamAM vadhu ane vadhu mAhitI apAtI rahe che, te AzAjanaka che; parantu hindI sinemA kaMpanIo je citrapaTa ane bela paTe taiyAra kare che, temAM sudhArA mATe moTo avakAza che. dhArmika philmonI viruddha mAre kAMI kahevAnuM nathI; paNa atyAranI jarUra prajAne navIna vicAra ane bhAvanAthI paricita karavAnI che; khAsa karIne sAMsArika ane sAmAjika jIvanamAM parivartana ANavAnI che. te kArya A purANuM dhArmika philmothI pAra paDavuM zakya nathI. - ApaNane IgrejI philma-citrapaTa ane bolapaTa-baMne sArI saMkhyAmAM jevA sarakhAvavAne maLe che. koI paNa taTastha nirIkSaka che ane ApaNI philma joIne kahI zakaze ke e kSetramAM ApaNe haju zikhAu chIe. ApaNuM patromAM e prazna ThIka ThIka carcAya che. tA. 17 mI sapTembaranA vIsamI sadI" nA aMkamAM e viSe noMdha mAluma paDaze. sapTembara mAsanA "navayuga" nA aMkamAM "mIsa 1933" nuM avalokana lakhatAM tenA vivecake keTalIka vicAraNIya sUcanAo raju karelI che. e viSaya carcavAnuM A sthAna nathI; paNa eTaluM sUcavI zakAya ke emAM zikSita vargo moTI saMkhyAmAM joDAI sinemAne eka dhaMdhA tarIke tema zikSaNanA sAdhana tarIke khIlavavAnI ane vistAravAnI agatya che. thaDA divasa para 13

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. je Page #24
gujarAtI sAmayika pa. kezavalAla ha. zeThanA jJAtimAM keLavaNInA ekaThuM karyuM che ane te ApaNA jANItA kavi ane sama lekhaka zrIyuta taMtrIpada heThaLa nikaLatuM "khaDAyatAmitra". e jJAtie pracArArthe eka lAkhathI vadhu rUpiyAnuM keLavaNI kuMDa hamaNAMja strI keLavaNInA pracAra mATe jhu Mbeza uThAvI che. e viSayamAM zrIyuta kezavalAla zeThanI kalama kamAla kAma kare che; ane e kAme jJAti ukatuM je nidAna zodhI kADhyuM che te sAcu che. jJAti vA prajAnA tenI keLavaNImAM rahyA che ane e mAge je kASTha vyakita vA samUha vicaraze tenuM zreya thaze, e nirvivAda vAta che. ka vAste jJAtipatrA jJAtimAM keLavaNI pracAra ane vistAra artha, keLavaNInAM kuMDA sthApavA prayatna kare, eja hitAvaha thaze. tenA purAvAmAM vA samarthanamAM jaina ane pArasI kAmeAnA dAkhalA ApI zakAya. e kAmeAnuM baMdhAraNa evA prakAranuM ghaDAyaluM che ke samasta kAmanA hita ane abhyudaya arthe sAmAnya sArvajanika kDhAnI yeAjanA ane vyavasthA heAya che. pArasI paMcAyata phreMDa mAtabara che, evuM ANu jI kalyANajInI peDhInuM kuMDa jaina samasta mATe khulluM che. kAmanI unnata arthe icche evA kArya upADI laI zake evA teo zaktizALI ane sAdhana saMpanna che. paNa ApaNe jude mArge jai caDhayA. jaina kAma ane jaina dharmane lagatAM cAra aTavADika ane cAra mAsikA nIkaLe che; temAM jaina dharma, itihAsa ane tattvajJAnanAM praznone mukhyatve sthAna apAya che; paNa tenI sAthe sAMsArika praznAne visaravAmAM AvatA nathI. te keAma jevI saMpattivALI tevI pragatimAna che. gujarAtanI badhI kAmeAmAM pArasI jAti AgaLa paDatI ane AgaLa vadhelI jIvananA sa kSetrAmAM mAluma paDaze.gujarAtI patrAnA AraMbha emanAthI ja thayA hatA; ane ghaNAM varSo sudhI muMbAinAM dainika patrAne sa` vihuvaTa ane kabajo emanA hastaka hatA, Aje e sthiti saheja badalAi gai che; paNa jIvananA game te kSetramAM jue, emanuM sAhasa, emanuM buddhikauzalya, emanI vidvattA ane kArya dakSatA, emanI gRhasthA ane udAra dilanI sakhAvata sau kAinuM dhyAna kheMcaze ane emanA mATe mAna pedA karaze. 15

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graMtha ane graMthakAra, pu. 4 thI 3aai . komanI dRSTie jotuM hoya evuM emanuM ekaja patra che, jenI zatAbdI gaye varSe ujavAi hatI, te "jAme jamazeda"; nahi te bIjA badhAM patra sarvasAmAnya hoya che ane temAM kema bheda kavacita jovAmAM Ave che. haLavuM sAhitya pUruM pADavAmAM emano hisso nahAnosuno nathI, hindI paMce varSo sudhI ramujI citra ane kaTAkSa citro raju karIne prajAne AnaMda Apyo hato. "gapasapa" paNa Aje jJAna sAthe cheDI gammata ApatuM nathI; ane emanA "purasada " ane "navarAsa" mAsike te vArtA rasikenA mAnItA patro hatAM, jenI phAilo meLavavA zekhIne mahIM mAgyA dAma ApatA hatA. evuM bahu thoDA gujarAtI mAsika mATe kahI zakAze. sana 1920 pahelAM bAla sAhitya samULaguM nahotuM; te pachI mAsikonI vAta ja zI ? Aje bALaka mATe ATha mAsika nikaLe che; te sivAya traNe stramAsika tenA aMkamAM bALa vibhAga jAdo Ape che. strIbodha" bahu junuM ane jAmeluM strI mAsika che; ane tenA nAma pramANe te jJAnabodhaka che. "guNasuMdarI" navIna strIjIvanane baMdha besatuM ane strIjIvananA guNone vyakata kare che; jyAre "strI zakita" aThavADika AjanI navayuvationI zakitanuM mApa kADhe che; ane te sarve sAdhana ane saMjogAnusAra gujarAtI samAjanI suMdara sevA kare che, ema jaNAvatA AnaMda thAya che. majura varganuM hita sAcavatA traNa patro jovAmAM Ave che; temAM jANItuM ane sAdhanasaMpanna amadAvAda majura ophIsa taraphathI pragaTa thatuM "majura saMdeza" che ane te saMsthAnI saghaLI pravRttio peThe majuranA saMgaThThana, aikya ane hita sAdhavAmAM e patrane phALe hoTe che. "lAla mIla" ane "bekAra" e nAmanAM patre hamaNAM ja bahAra paDavA mAMDyAM che; eTale tenuM pariNAma ekkasa rIte jANavAne samaya joIe. harijanane prazna Aje hindu janatAne muMjhavI rahyo che. harijana nyAya mAgI rahyA che. manuSya tarIkenA teo hakka meLavavA icche che. samAnatA ane svAtaMtrya mATe ApaNe hindI ja laDI rahyA chIe te pachI emane kevI rIte e hakkanI nA pADI zakIe e samajAtuM nathI. mahAtmAjInA "harijana" aThavADikanI emAMnA lekhene lIdhe Atu da

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gujarAtI sAmayika patra ratApUrvaka rAha jovAya che. gAMdhIjInA, mahAdevabhAI ane kAkAsAheba kAlelakaranA e viSaya paranA tema emanA anya lekho vAMcavAno lAbha maLavo e paNa eka jIvananI lijajata che. evuM uMcI koTinuM, jIvanane sparzatuM ane jIvanane prabodhatuM ne preraka te lakhANa sAmAnyataH hoya che. chatAM harijanonA Arthika, keLavaNI viSayaka ane sAmAjika prazno carcavA ane temanA sArU racanAtmaka kAryo upADI levA ane te viSe pracAra kArya thavA vadhu patrenI AvazyakatA lAge che. A praznane aMge ApaNA hindu dharmano prazna ApaNI AMkha samIpa AvI ubhuM rahe che. harijananA uddhArathI hindu dharmane kazI hAni pahoMcavAnI nathI; ulaTuM harijane jee pitAne hindu kahevaDAvavAne mAna ane dharma samaje che, temanI gaNanA hindu samAjamAM kAyama rahetAM, ApaNA hinduonuM saMgaThThana majabuta thaze, e niHsaMdeha che. hindu tarIke ApaNe ApaNA dharma viSe bhAgye ja svataMtrapaNe ane taTasthatAthI vicAra karatA hoIzuM.A viSayane carcatA patronI saMkhyA 15nI noMdhAyelI che paraMtu temAMnAM ghaNuMkharAM pa sAMpradAyika che; ane temAM maulika vicAra, vivecana ke ciMtana jevuM javalleja jovAmAM Avaze. khare, teno abhAva che ema kahevuM khoTuM nathI. tenI sarakhAmaNImAM IgrejImAM prasiddha thatAM dharmaciMtana, tattvajJAna, nItizAstra, samAjazAstra ane dharmagraMthanA aitihAsika tulanAtmaka paddhatie thatAM nirUpaNa ane anveSaNanA lekho, tyAMnA agragaNya tramAsika-hibarTa jarnala, philosophikala rivyu vageremAM vAMcavAmAM Ave che tyAre manane kheda thAya che ke emAMne zatAMza jeTalA vAcanano lAbha paNa gujarAtI vAMcanArI janatAne maLato nathI; eTale aMze tenA AtmavikAsamAM bahAranAM sAdhana ane madadanI tene uNapa rahe che, ema manane kheda thayA kare che. prinsipAla AnandazaMkara dhruva ke dI. bA. narmadAzaMkara mahetAne, zrIyuta narasiMharAva ke mahAtmA gAMdhIjI ke kAlelakarano dharmaviSayaka ekAda lekha vAMcatAM, keTalo AnaMda thAya che; AtmAne keTalI badhI skUrti maLe che; evI preraNA uparokata igrejI lekho vAMcatAM thAya che, temAMnuM gujarAtI dharmamAsikomAM kAMI prasiddha thatuM nathI ema sakheda kahevuM joIe. anya prAMtomAM evI udAsinatA najare paDatI nathI. veda, upaniSada, purANo viSe belatAM ApaNe tenAM bhArobhAra vakhANa karIe paNa te graMtho bhAgyeja jovAmAM AvyAM hoya ! te pachI vAMcavAnI to vAta kayAM rahI ? tene paricaya gujarAtI vAcakone karAvavAmAM Ave to e paNa cheDe lAbha na kahevAya.

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 thoDA samaya para marAThImAM mukhya daza upaniSadone anuvAda bhIDezAstrIe mAsikarUpe bahAra pADyuM hatuM ane te prayoga saphaLa nivaDe hatA. hamaNAM audhanA jANItA kAryakartA paMDita sAtavaLekare bhagavadgItAnuM prakAzana mAsikarUpe zaruM karyuM che; ane temanA haste saMprAdana thatuM "purUSArtha" mAsika evuMja bIjuM upayogI kArya kare che. hindImAM "kalyANa" mAsikanI sevA sarvatra prazaMsA pAmI che; ane tenA vizeSAMka ApaNA dharmavicAranA nidhirUpa jaNAyA che. AvuM uttama dhArmika vAcana gujarAtI prajAne maLatuM rahe evo prabaMdha tAkIde thavo joIe ema mane lAge che. sAmAnya sAmayika patromAM ApaNe have gujarAtI dainike ane aThavADikano vicAra karIe. muMbAImAM prasiddha thatAM dainika puSkaLa ane upayogI vAcanasAmagrI pUrI pADe che ane te mAhitI vidhavidha prakAranI tema manane raMjana karanArI paNa hoya che, tenI sAthe dareka patranuM vyaktitva tenA saMpAdanamAM juduM tarI AvatuM jovAmAM Ave che. paraMtu taLa gujarAtamAMthI nikaLatA dainika mATe evuM kahI zakAya ema nathI; paNa temanI lokapriyatA jotAM, tenA saMcAlake tenI sudhAraNAnuM kArya upADI le to teno pracAra vadhavAnI sAthe tenI upayogitA vadhe ane te vadhAre asarakAraka nivaDe. thoDAka divase para musApharI karavAnuM prApta thatAM, meM joyuM ke hAnAM hAnAM sTezana para amadAvAdanAM dainikapatro mATe cAlu mAgaNI thatI hatI, jene tene nyujha ejaMTa pahoMcI zakato na hato. lokone navuM ane tAjuM vAMcavAnI abhiruci khIlI che te ane pAnuM sastApaNuM-eka paisAnI kismata-A be tenI phatehanAM kAraNo che. vartamAnapatranA bIjA lAbhonI sAthe leka zikSaNamAM tene phALo thoDe nathI; ane A dainika patronA saMcAlake jJAnapracAranA uddezathI, yejanApUrvaka ane vyavasthita rIte janatAnA hitane upayogI thAya evI mAhitI ane vAcana ApavAnI tajavIja kare te tenI asara bahoLI thavA pAme ane dezanI sudhArAnI pragatimAM paNa phera paDe. - pAnuM Avazyaka aMga nyujha-samAcAra-che; tema chatAM ApaNI hindI-gujarAtI nyujha ejansI nahi hovAthI ApaNA dainika patromAM sthAnika--ApaNe prAMtanI khabare dezaparadezanI khabaranA pramANamAM ochI 18

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gujarAtI sAmayika patro AvavA pAme che. gujarAtanA moTA vhoTA zaherenI khabaro sarva prakAranI niyamita rIte pragaTa thatI rahe to enI asara kaIka judIja thavA pAme. keTalAMka varSo para esosieTa presanA amadAvAdanA khabarapatrI mI. cImanalAla modIe gujarAta nyujha sarvisa sthApavAnuM kArya zarU karyuM hatuM; paNa puratI nANAMnI madadanA abhAve e kArya adhavacce cheDI devuM paDayuM hatuM. te akhataro pharI ahiMnA dainikapatroe ajamAvavA jevuM mane lAge che. ApaNA patronuM rIpeTIMga sudharatuM jAya che. te ahevAla jema muddAsara tema ekasAIbharyo hoya che; paNa keTalIka vakhata e vRttAMta ekataraphI ApavAnuM, tene bhacaraDI nAMkhavAnuM valaNa jovAmAM Ave che, e doSathI ApaNA patro dUra rahe ema sau kaI parakAritvamAM rasa lenAra icchaze. rIpeTa zuddha, sAco ane vizvasanIya hoya, eja Avazyaka che. temAM tenI mahattA rahelI che eTaluM ja nahi paNa patrakAranuM te eka kartavya ane Azaya hovAM joIe. aThavADika patramAM paNa sAro sudhAre thayelo jovAmAM Ave che; temAM muMbAI ja AgevAnI le che. dainika patrono bahoLo pracAra nahato tyAre A aThavADika patra sAta divasanI khabara ekatrita karIne chApatAM hatAM, e rIti vAstavika hatI. paNa atyAre dainika patro moTI saMkhyAmAM bahAra paDe che ane tene kha5-upADa paNa bhAre che. dararojanA banAvanI tAjI bAtamI prajAne maLI zake te mATe khAsa vadhArA kADhavAmAM Ave che. A paristhitimAM ApaNuM aThavADikoe tenA saMpAdana vibhAgamAM keTalAka pheraphAra karavo ghaTe che. te be rIte karI zakAya. eka to sadarahu aThavADikane IgrejI aThavADiko-InDiyana soziyala rIphemara, spekaTeTara, nyu sTeTsamena ane nezana vagerenI dhATIe athavA te IglAMDanA sanDe TAImsa, enjharvara, mAncesTara gArDiyananI paddhatie, jemAM mAtra chellA divasanA tAjA samAcAra ja ApelA hoya. " taduparAMta tenI upayogitA ane AkarSaNa vadhAravA sArU ApaNuM aThavADikamAM judA judA abhyAsIo ane niSNAtonA haste lakhAyelA lekho, amuka amuka viSaya para niyamita rIte chapAtA rahevA joIe. "sAhitya priya" nI saMjJA nIce prajAbaMdhumAM sAhitya avalokananuM kalama AvavA mAMDayuM tyArathI sarva patrae tenuM anukaraNa karyuM che; ane aThavADikenuM te aMga AkarSaka nivaDayuM che.' 19

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 sinemA viSe paNa evuM eka kalama keTalAka dainikapatro ane aThavADikamAM jovAmAM Ave che. - AmAM bhAra mUkavAne e muddA para che ke e kalama je lakhAya te jANakAra ane anubhavIthI lakhAyeluM hoya, jenuM vyaktitva mAluma paDI Ave; ane te e viSayamAM rasa lenArAone madadagAra thAya. ApaNe IgrejI dainikamAM joIzuM te ramatagamata ane resIsa-gheDa deDanI sarata para khUba dhyAna apAya che; tevuM vyAyAma viSaya para lakSa javuM joIe chIe. e viSayane carcAtuM ekaja "vyAyAma" nAmanuM mAsika bahAra paDe che; ane te paNa marAThInuM rUpAntara che. prajAjIvananI ane rASTranI daSTie ApaNA patrakAro A viSayane, tenA judA judA svarUpamAM prajA samakSa dararoja raju kare, eja ISTa che. akSarajJAna pracAramAM pustakAlaya pravRtti ghaNI madadagAra thaI zake. vaDodarA rAjya e praznane ukelyo che; ane e pravRttinA kAryakartAene, tenI khIlavaNI arthe eka mukhapatranI agatya jaNAtAM "pustakAlaya nAmanuM mAsika kADhayuM. hamaNAMja kalakattAmAM maLelI akhIla bhAratavarSIya pustakAlaya paripade dezamAM pustakAlaya pravRtti sthApavA, pustakAlayonuM saMgaThThana karavA, ane te pustakAlayo leke pakAraka thaI paDe evI vyavasthA karavA bAMga pokArI hatI, A viSayamAM ApaNane udAsIna rahevuM naja paravaDe. ApaNA patrone paNa e pravRtti piSaka thaI paDaze. ApaNo deza khetIpradhAna che. vastIne 75 TakAne AdhAra khetInI AbAdI para che; tema chatAM khetIviSayaka ekaja mAsika jovAmAM Ave che. anya dezonI sarakhAmaNImAM ApaNe e viSayane avagaNe che e kharekhara zocanIya che. ApaNuM patro A viSayone carcatAM nathI ema kahevAne mahAre Azaya nathI. mAruM kahevuM e che ke ApaNuM prajAjIvananAM judAM judAM aMgenI mAhitI ApatAM, e viSayane ja vizeSe karIne carcatA, tenI khIlavaNI ane vistAra arthe prayAsa karatA viziSTa prakAranAM mAsika hovA jarUranAM che. e daSTie upara je ApaNA sAmayika pAnuM vargIkaraNa ApyuM che te upayogI thaze. te parathI spaSTa thaze ke ApaNe ahiM patrakAritvane khIlavAne

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gujarAtI sAmiyaka pA puratA avakAza che; ane je patrA cAlu che temAM paNa sudhArAvadhArA dAkhala karyAMthI, tene upADa ane pracAra jarUra vadhaze. ApaNe have e dhaMdhAnA aMge upasthita thatA keTalAka prazno tapAsIe. prathama te| . ApaNA chApAMenuM mudraNa kAya sArUM ane saphAIbaMdha tema jhaDapathI karI zakAya te mATe chellI sudharelI DhabanAM, tenAM upakAraka sAdhanA sahita, mhoTAM mudraNayaMtrA kharIda karavAM joI e. agAu eka chApakhAnuM TuMkA bhaDALathI ane ekale hAthe cAlI zakatuM; paNa atyAre harIphAi eTalI badhI vadhI paDI che ke meTA pAyApara chApakhAnAnuM kAma upADayA vinA navI pArasthitine pahoMcI na zakAya. A paristhitinuM pariNAma e udbhavyuM che ke e AkhAya dhaMdhA mUDIvALAnA hAthamAM jai paDayA che. jabarajasta yaMtrA kharIdavAmAM puSkaLa nANuM joie che tema patranA cAlu kha mATe hAtha para sArI rakama phAjala rAkhavI paDe che, je sAmAnya sthitinA manuSyAthI banI na zake. dhinekA ekalA vA e pAMca joDAine A patrA kharIdI le che ane tenA ekahaththu kabajo kare che; ane pachI patranI tee je nIti niti kare tadanusAra e patrA calAvAya che. navI goThavaNathI patrakAratvanI khIlavaNI sArI thavA pAmI che e kharUM, paNa patrakAritvanA svAtaMtrya para tethI tarApa paDI che, enI nA pADI zakAze nahi. taMtrI maMDaLa eka rIte e mUDIvALI sinDIkeTanu vAjiMtra thaI paDe che, ema kahevAmAM kAMi khATuM nathI; ane e sthiti hAlaturata anivAya che. ApaNA patrakAritvane muMjhavatA khIjo prazna lekhakanA pAritASikanA che. IMgrejI chApAMo tenA lekhakeAne sArI rIte paisA Ape che, tenu joI ne ApaNA lekhako paNa temanA lakhANanA paisA maLavA mAgaNI kare che ane te mAgaNI vAstavika ane vAjakhI che. gujarAtI patrAne ApaNe khIlavavAja icchatA heAie te lekhakone jema patramAM kAma karanArA anyane paisA apAya che, tema yeAgya pAritASika ApavuM ja joie ane eka siddhAMta tarIke te svIkArAvuM joie. e vAta kharI che ke ApaNe ahiM jJAnane pavitra mAnavAmAM AvyuM che; ane tenuM nANAMmAM kadI mUlya thayuM nathI; evI mAnyatAthI mahAtmAjI emanA lekhA chApavAne sane chUTa bakSe che. vaLI ApaNA padmAnI Arthika sthiti sArI nathI evI dalIla 21.

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 karavAmAM Ave che; paNa te dalIlo atyAranA badalAI gayelA saMjogomAM vAjabI nathI. hAla te dareke dareka vastunuM mUlya aMkAya che. solisiTara eka patranA vAcana mATe phI cArja kare che; DokaTara salAha ApavAnI phI le che-jyAM tyAM nANuM, nANuM eja zabda sAMbhaLavAmAM Ave che; te pachI lekhaka, gharanA kAgaLa ane sAhI vAparI, te pAchaLa tene kimatI samaya ApI ane mAnasika zrama uThAvI lekha lakhI mokale, teno koI prakAre badalo maLavo joIe. te badale pachI nANAMmAM hoya, pustakarUpe hoya, bheTarUpe hoya ke patranI nakalamAM hoya. tenI samajuti lekhaka ane patrakAra ubhaya karI le. mane lAge che ke AvuM kaI dhoraNa ApaNA patrakAroe Aje nahi te najadikamAM avazya grahaNa karavuM paDaze. vakIla ane DokaTaranA dhaMdhAmAM buddhizALI ane bAhoza manuSyo moTI saMkhyAmAM kheMcAIne paDe che tema patrakAranA dhaMdhAmAM jovAmAM AvatuM nathI, tenuM kAraNa e che ke emAM dhanaprApti bahu thaDI hoya che ane maLataranA pramANamAM kAmanuM dabANa puSkaLa rahe che. patrakArane dhaMdhe dekhIte jeTalo ujaLo che teTalo temAM kAma karanArAone anya rIte nivAre che. eka patrakArane ghaDIne jaMpa hota nathI. tenuM saMpAdana kAma karanArane ane tenA mudrakane rovIse kalAka sAvadha rahevuM paDe che. tenA taMtrIne eka divasanI vizrAnti maLatI nathI. kAma, kAma ane kAma, rAtane divasa mAnasika zramanuM kAma e lekane hoya che; tethI ghaNAnuM Arogya kathaLI jAya che ane teo akALe vRddhatvane pAme che. e dhaMdhAnI javAbadArI ane ziSTa bahu sakhta hoya che, temAMya kAyadAnI cuMgAla temane sadA ciMtAgrasta rAkhe che. patranA svAtaMtryane e chApakhAnAne kAyado naDatararUpa che. tenA vikAsamAM te aMtarAyarUpa thAya che. huM te viSe kazuM kahuM tenA karatAM hamaNAMja patra kAritvanA svAtaMtrya viSe vyAkhyAna ApatAM, IglAMDanA jANItA ane agragaNya dainika mAncesTara gArDiyananA taMtrIe hindamAM pragaTa thatA dezI patro paranA aMkuza viSe je udgAra kADhayA hatA te utAravA prasaMgocita thaze"In India at this day the Vernacular Press was subject to restrictions and prosecutions comparable with those of over a hundred years ago." + $ Manchester Guardian Weekly, 25th August 1933, 22

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gujarAtI sAmayika patro ApaNuM patrakAronI AvI viSama ane muzkelIbharI sthiti hovA chatAM zaramanI vAta to e che ke A patrakAromAM koI prakAranuM saMgaDhana nathI. je emanuM saMghabaLa jAme te emanA vikAsamAM tema Arthika aspRdayamAM ghaNe phera paDe. A yuga saMghayugano che. pAzcAtya dezamAM patrakAritva bahoLuM khIleluM che; to paNa tyAM patrakAronAM maMDaLa ane saMghe che. temanA hakanuM ane hitanuM e saMsthAo rakSaNa kare che; eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu emane koI sabhya mAMdagIne laIne koI akasmAtathI yA vyAdhithI muzkelImAM AvI paDe te tene madada karavA sArU eka phaMDa paNa sthApavAmAM AveluM che. e phaMDa vadhatuM rahe te sArU prati varSe jANItA ane mukhya lekhakone sAtha ane sahakAra prApta karI, eka prakAzana kADhavAmAM Ave che, jene naphe sadarahu phaMDanA lAbhArthe jAya che. sana 1924-25 mAM gujarAta patrakAra maMDaLe A prakAre ApaNA patrakArane Arthika sahAyatA ApavAnuM anukULa thaI paDe e AzayathI "lekhaka mitra" nAmanuM eka pustaka dara varSe kADhavAno nirNaya karyo hata; ane te dizAmAM prayatna karavAmAM Ave evAmAM amadAvAdanI sAhityattijaka sabhA taraphathI "viNa" nAmaka vArSika pustaka prasiddha thatAM, e vicAra paDato mUkAyo hate. ApaNe dezI patrakAritvamAM naDatI muzkelIo, tenA vikAsamAM AvatA * sarakhAvoH "There was in England an institution called the Newspaper Fund. Grants for the relief of distress arising from sickness, unemployment and other causes, for the maintainance of widows and orphans and for education amounted to $ 21,288 during the 1982..........In India, there was greater need for the recognition of the dire want that prevailed among those connected with the Press and their dependents." [ The Press in India, Address at Mysore journalists' meeting by Dr. C. V. Raman. - The Hindu, 18th September 33 ] 23

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 aMtarAye, tenI apUrNatAo, tenA vahivaTanI khAmIo, e badhuM upalaka rIte joI gayA. ApaNe jANIe chIe ke vidyuta vegathI Aje patrakAriva gAta karI rahyuM che; ane janasamudAyanA mAnasa para te prabaLa chApa pADe che; eTaluM ja nahi paNa te chApa vicAranI ekarUpatA lAve che. (Mass Production) eka sAmaTe ane bahoLo jathAnI utpattinA je lAbha geralAbha hoya che te emAM rahelA che. paNa e praznanI carcAmAM ApaNe nahi jaIe. paNa ApaNA chApAMe, je sthAna pUrve ApaNe zAstronuM, saMskRta graMthanuM hatuM te prApta karyuM che. patramAM AvelI khabara pramANabhUta manAya che. tenA satyAsatyanI parIkSA karanArA thaDA hoya che. AvA jabarajasta zastra-sAdhanane upayoga ane vahivaTa prAmANika, satyapriya, buddhizALI ane samartha duradezavALI, duniyAnA anubhavI ane kasAyelA kalamabAjanA hAthamAM hoya ema sau koI Icchaze. lekhanavAcananA zokhathI ane sevAbhAvI navayuvake e dhaMdhA prati kheMcAya che; nAma ane kIrtinAM pralobhane paNa thoDAM nathI. Ama tenI janasevA karavAnI zakti amApa che tema tene du5yoga paNa sahelAIthI thaI zake che. vAte tenuM taMtra gya, saMskArI ane suzikSita varganA hAthamAM jAya e Avazyaka che; ane evA manuSyo, paisA khAtara nahi to patrakAritvanI prIti ane tenI pratiSThA khAtara, te dvArA thatI janasevA khAtara e dhaMdhAmAM joDAya ema ApaNe vAMchIzuM. te pUrve patrakAronuM saMgaThThana thAya, temanuM saMghabaLa jAme ane temanA hakka ne hitanA saMrakSaNa ane saMvardhana arthe eka gujarAtI patramaMDaLa sthapAya evI zubhecchA sAthe huM viramuM chuM. e maMDaLa dvArA patrakAritvane lagatAM aneka prazno vicArI tema carcA zakAze; ane eka vyakti, pachI te game teTalI moTI ane pratiSTAlabdha ane sAdhanasaMpanna haze te eka saMsthAnI pratiSThA, lAgavaga ane mAnanI tole AvI nahi zake. yaMtra karatAM manuSya mahaTe che; ane eka vyakti karatAM eka saMsthA-samAja mahoTe che. evuM ekAda gujarAtI patrakAra maMDaLa astitvamAM Avaze te A mArA lekha pAchaLa lIdhele zrama saphaLa thayelo huM samajIza. amadAvAda, - hIrAlAla tri, pArekha tA. 23-9-1933 24

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pustakonI vargIkRta yAdI (sana 1933) Iti hA sa pustakanuM nAma, lekhake vA prakAzaka, kismata. amerikAnAM saMyukta rAjyo cimanalAla maganalAla DokaTara | 1-8-0 kanakAbhiSakane ItihAsa lalubhAI chaganalAla desAI | 0--0 tapodhana tatvaprakAza gIrajAzaMkara narabherAma 0-12-0 prAcIna jagata mULazaMkara somanAtha bhaTTa 0-12-0 hiMdustAnane prAcIna ItihAsa | choTAlAla bAlakRSNa purANI | 1-0-0 rAjakAraNa E 0 0 AkharI pheMsale, bhA. 3 je naTavaralAla mANekalAla dave | 3-9-0 kAThiyAvADanI kALarAtri sAmaLadAsa lakSmIdAsa gAMdhI | 0-6-0 kAThiyAvADa prajAsaMgaThana krAntine paMthe spena mahAzaMkara IndrajI dave geLamejImAM gAMdhIjI naTavaralAla mANekalAla dave | 0-12-0 jagatanI rAjanIti ane hiMda | viThThaladAsa kAnajI bhUtA , tarUNa bhArata jagajIvana kapUracaMda dhoLakiyA | 1-12-0 madhya eziyAmAM be zevika mahAzaMkara iMdrajI dave hiMda svarAjane dAvo esa. vI. perUlakara hiMdane huMkAra bhadrazaMkara maMchArAma bhaTTa | 0-14-9 0 0 0.

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 jIvanacaritra o. o AInsTAIna kAntilAla chaganalAla paMDayA | 0-6-0 amara mahAjana (A. bIjI) | kakalabhAI koThArI 0-12-0 eDIsananuM jIvanacaritra ' | gurUnAtha prabhAkara eNgale 2-00 kesarakRti bhA. 1 - kesarabAI vallabha Thakkara 0-8-0 0-10-0 zrI caMdrakumAra caritra-bhA. 1 lo | jaina sastI vAMcanamALA- 1-4-0 pAlItANA 1-8-0 narmadAzaMkara cumbakarAma bhaTTa , bhA. 2. jagadgurU zrI za8 bhA. 2 je jaina satI ratna-sacitra jaina sastI vAMcanamALA- 1-4-0 - bhAvanagara DI velerA zrI "bhAradvAja" 0 -6 -0 dAnezvarI karNa mahAzaMkara pAThaka 0 -8 -0 zeTha dvArakAdAsa tribhovanadAsanI kezavalAla bhikhAbhAI jIvanarekhA narasiMha mahetA jayasukharAya vi. purUSottamarAya | 0-11-0 joSIpurA mahAtmA gAMdhI kezava sadAziva keLakara 0--0 vijayadharmasUri-svargavAsa pachI | munirAjazrI vidyAvijayajI 2 -8 -0 sara viThThaladAsa dAmodaradAsa kalyANarAya nathubhAI joSI ThAkarasI saMta ane anaMtaprasAda pra. paTTaNI hajarata muhamada ImAma abadulakAdara bAvajhIra | 0-6-0 2-8-0

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pustakanI vargIkRta yAdI kavitA 0 anubhavabiMdu dI. bA. kezavalAla harSadarAya dhruva 0-1-0 adhyAtma rAmAyaNa (prItamakRta) | haragoviMdadAsa kA. kAMTAvALA | 2-0-0 akhAkRta kAvya, bhA. 2 | "sAgara" 1-0-0 amaravacana sudhA giridhara zarmA 04-0 AnaMda mahodadhi vaidya rAghavajI zarmA kabIra sudhA kabIranAM AdhyAtmika pado. vADIlAla motIlAla zAha 1-4-0 (A. 3jI) kAvyasaraNIH prathama pagathiyuM umedabhAI ra. paTela 0 -3-0 kAba kuMja, puSpa 1 muslima gujarAta sAhitya maMDaLa-rAMdera puSpa 2, 3 0-2-6 kIrtana saMgraha maMgaLadAsa caturbhujaja kavirAja ... kIrtana maMjarI zreyaH sAdhaka adhikArI maMDaLa | 0-6-0 kRSNAzraya dvivedI naTavaraprasAda maNizaMkara candrakAnta maMgaLajI ojhA manu ha. dave (kAvyatIrtha) 03-0 gulabAnuM kharazedajI 0-14-0 rAmalAla cunIlAla modI | 0-12-0 mAdhavalAla tribhuvana rAvaLa | 0 -4-0 jamiyatarAma vajezaMkara AcArya 0-8-0 nalina maNizaMkara bhaTTa 2 -0-0 gajaro grAma jIvana gIta prabhAkara gulabAnuM kAvyamALA jAlaMdhara AkhyAna tulasIdAsanuM AkhyAna dIvya saMdeza nalinI parAga parAgapuSpa panu kAvya praNaya kAvyo prAyazcitta pRthurAja rAsA bahucarA bhaktibhAva bhajana bhAvArtha prakAza bhaktibhoma, bhA. 1-2 bhaktidAsa kRta kIrtanamALA madhu baMsI o che W panubhAI jazavaMtarAya desAI | 2-0-0 ramaNalAla naraharalAla vakIla | 1-8-0 vADIlAla motIlAla zAha bhImarAva bhoLAnAtha zekhIna-uMjhA 0-1-6 phAjala pradhAna vakIla 02-0 mArAma hamArAma 0-6-0 o che ja | ramaNIka kIzanalAla mahetA | -4- 3 -

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mukula kAvya saMgraha maMdAkinI graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 raNacheADanI vANI rAsasikA lalitanAM khIjAM kAvyo vIrapasalI zivamahimna stotranA gujarAtI anuvAda satI mahAdevI garabAvalI saMyuktAkhyAna hiragIta ane khIjA' kAvyA jJAnagaMgA dana jJAnaprakAza (gopAlakRta) jeThAlAla devanAtha paDayA janArdana nhAnAbhAI prabhAskara jagubhAI meAhanalAla rAvaLa janmazaMkara mahAzaMkara buca kezava ha. zeTa lAlajI vIrezvara jAtI harerAma brahmarSi gajendrazaMkara lAlaza kara paMDayA hIrAlAla 6. mahetA harerAma brahmarSi haragoviMdadAsa dvA. kAMTAvALA 0-4-0 6-7--. 0-10-0 0-12-0 0-8-0 01910 -2-0 6-7-0 01710 0-3-0 1-0-0

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pustakonI vargIkRta yAdI navalakathA o araNIyA | kisanasiMha cAvaDA 0 -6-0 aparAdhInI nautamakAnta je. sAhityavilAsI 1-8-0 ardhaganA ane bIjI vAta gAMDIva sAhitya maMdira 0--4-0 avazeSa dhUmaketu 1 -4-0 AphalAtuna Azaka "najhamI' 2 -0-0 IndirA kisanasiMha cAvaDA 1 -4-0 islAma ane taravAra ApaNuM ubaramAM jhaveracaMda meghANI 0 -4-0 eka vADIlAla motIlAla zAha 1-0-0 eka lAkhanuM inAma ane bIjI narmadAzaMkara va. dvivedI 0-8-0 vAto eka citrakAranI AtmakathA zivaprasAda paMDita 0 -1-6 etihAsika kathAmaMjarI aMbelAla nAraNajI jozI 2 -8-0 elIyA jezIne akhADe, jagajIvanadAsa trikamajI koThArI | 2-8-0 bhA. 2 je kathAvali vizvanAtha maganalAla bhaTTa 1-4-0 kalpanAnA pratibiMba cInu zukala 0-8-0 kAcAM phaLa | jeThAlAla nArAyaNa trivedI 0-8-0 kAkI ane bIjI vAta gAMDIva sAhitya maMdira 0 -3-0 kAmadAronuM balidAna ane kusu- | zivaprasAda lIlAdhara paMDita 0-1-6 mano tyAga keTalIka vAte ane saMsAracitro prANalAla kIrapArAma desAI 1-8-0 garIbanI gRhalakSmI pIyuSa 1-8-0 camatkArika yoga ane pratyeka | cokasI mehanalAla dIpacaMda 1-4-0 - buddha caritra | garIbanI dunyA citAnA aMgArA, khaMDa 2 je | jhaveracaMda meghANI jayanta (A. 2jI) | ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAI jIvananI jhAMkhI kezavaprasAda choTAlAla desAI 2-0-0 jIvana dardI jaina siddhAMtanI vArtAo, prathama ! jIvaNalAla chaganalAla saMghavI 0-10-0 gucha jaina sAhityanI kathAo, bhA. 1 jIvaNalAla chaganalAla saMghavI | 0 -5-0 jyota ane jvALA, dvitIya darzana cunIlAla vardhamAna zAha XVV 0 0 04-0 2-0-0

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 0 0 ta ane javALA, tRtIya darzana cunIlAla vardhamAna zAha 0-12-0 , , caturtha darzana 0-12-0 jhAkaLa ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAI | 2--8-0 jhuratuM hRdaya mANekalAla goviMdalAla jozI 0-5-0 Tekane khAtara (premacaMdajI) zivazaMkara zukala 0 -3-0 ThaMDA pahoranI vAto, bhA. 1 chaganalAla vidyArAma rAvaLa 1 -0-0 taNakhA maMDaLa trIjuM dhUmaketu 1 -8-0 dAlacIvaDAne dAyare gokuLadAsa dvArakAdAsa rAyacurA 1-8-0 divyacakSu ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAI | 2-8-0 navalikA saMgraha, pu. 2 juM | rAmacaMdra dAmodara zukala 2-0-0 navanidhAna (caTTopAdhyAya) kisanasiMha cAvaDA 0 -6-0 no avatAra, prathama khaMDa vizvanAtha maganalAla bhaTTa | 2-4-0 nAzanI nobata kumudalAla cunIlAla nANAvaTI | 1-0-0 praNaya jyoti kiMvA sAcAM balidAna mayArAma vi. Thakkara 0 -7-0 pArasI zurAtana pAnakI patiyAM ! kyA cheTI choTI gujarAtI patra batiyAM ! ! pUrNimA ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAI | 2-8-0 balidAnanI satya ghaTanA kivA mayArAma vi. Thakkara ( divya dAMpatya prema bAlavidhavA kalyANI athavA Thakkara nArAyaNa visanajI | | 3-9-0 rAjA ke rAkSasa bhalAIna bhaMDAra ratanazA pharAmajI | 1-0-0 bhabhUkatI vALA bhAratanA vIronI satya ghaTanA | zivaprasAda lIlAdhara paMDita -1-3 punita gaMgA prema caMdrajInI vAto bhUtanA bhaDakA dhanasukhalAla kRSNalAla mahetA ( 1-12-0 bhUtakALanA paDachAyA guNavaMtarAya AcArya 0-4-0 bhedI nivAsa cunIlAla vardhamAna zAha 3-8-0 mayUkha cImanalAla bhegIlAla gAMdhI | 0-12-0 mahAkavi kALidAsanI prasAdI | jIvaNalAla amarazI mahetA | 1-4-0 mahIpALa deva gekuladAsa dvArakAdAsa rAyacurA | 2-8-0 mastaphakIranuM mukta hAsya "masta phakIra" 3-0-0 mastaphakIrano hAsyavilAsa "masta phakIra" 3--0-0 rAjakathA jamu dANI | 0-10-0 rAjaputa premarahasya bhAlacaMdra 1 -0-0 rAjasthAnanI rAjakhaTapaTa .. 0

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raMgataraMga lakSmInAM baMdhana vartamAna yuganA bahAravaTIA vArtAvihAra vItaka vAtA vIra kathAo viSNupurANanI kathAe vadhyA zirISa (A. 2 7) pustakAnI vargIkRta yAdI zrI zuddha mana athavA Adaza mAtRtva viSe zikSaNa samAja aMdhana samayanA vheNa saLagatA saMsAra satyanI zeAdhamAM sAmAjika TuMkI vArtAo, graMtha 3o, bhA. me sItAnAtha athavA gRhastha saMnyAsI seAraDI vibhUtie seraTanI sAgarakathAo saurASTranI premakathAe hAsya darzana hRdayavALA hRdayama thana 1-4-0 jyeAtIndra ha. dave ramaNIkalAla jayacaMdabhAI dalAla 0-12-0 jhaveracaMda meghANI maTubhAI ha. kAMTAvALA meAtIlAla bApujI zAha caturbhuja bhImajI trivedI kAntilAla maNIlAla zAha sItArAma je. zarmA jhaveracaMda meghANI sastuM sAhitya vardhaka kAryAlaya mahAza kara indrajI ve manubhAI jodhANI guNavatarAya AcAya tArAcadra popaTalAla aDAlajA jadurAya DI. khaMdhaDIA aMbAlAla na. zAha zivazaMkara prANazaMkara zukala 01310 01810 chaganalAla nArAyaNa mezrI ramaNalAla vasantalAla desAI 218-0 raMgIladAsa lakSmIdAsa sutarIyA rAkhelI e. vesTa 19 *** (-0 2-8-0 0-12-0 -2-0 .-.-. 0-5-0 3-0-0 1-0-0 1-8-0 1-8-0 0-10-0 -4-0 2-0-0 2-0-0 1-8-0 0-10-0

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graMtha ane graMthakAre pu. 4 sAmAnya jJAna ane nIti Arya dharma vADIlAla motIlAla zAha | 0-5-0 AtmAnaMda gItAvali lakSmaNarAma kAzIrAma rAmI || 0-3-0 AgaLa vAMco Atma-jAgRtinI prApti ane maNilAla jAdavarAva trivedI A satya svarupamAM sAkSAtkAra Izu carita desAI vAlajI govindajI 0 -1-3 omakAra darzana zrI harerAma brahmarSi 0 -1-3 aMtaHkaraNa ane aNadITha Do. jahAMgIra kha. dAjI madadagAro kAvyamaMjarI vallabhadAsa bhagavAnajI gaNAtrA | khudAnAmu, bhA. 5 me ze. kaM. desAI 1 -8-0 - gAMdhI vicArohana kizoralAla gha. mazarUvALA 0 -8-0 gAMdhIjIne agnipraveza maNilAla ThAkara 04-0 induprasAda bhaTTa gRha nIti mahAzaMkara IndrajI dave 0-12-0 jIvana maTha AtmAnaMda 0 -1-0 jIvana zikSaNa maNilAla jagajIvana dvivedI 1 -8-0 tyAgamAM bhagavata prApti Thakura hArarAya bhAgyacaMda dareka strI vAMce vAsudeva vinAyaka jozI 0-3-0 dInI dharma, zivAjI dharma ane Do. jahAMgIra kharazedajI dAjI vezadhArI dharma dharmadhatIMga darzana zrI harerAya brahmarSi 0 -6-0 dharma saMsthApana caMdrazaMkara prANazaMkara zukala 0 -3-0 nIti darzana zrI harerAya brahmaSi 0 -1-0 paraloka-prakAza (A, 3 jI) | hIrAlAla traMbakalAla dozI paryuSaNa parvanAM vyAkhyAno- paMDita sukhalAla paMDita 0-12-0 pUrvArdha becaradAsa (baMne bhAganA) [varSa trIjuM] | jaina yuvaka saMdha 0-8-0 prAsaMgika manana gijubhAI 0 -8-0 puSTipathadarzikA tulasIdAsa lallubhAI zAha | 0-2-6 brahmacarya saMbaMdhI lekhono saMgraha | jana dharma pracAraka sabhA bhagavata mahAvIranA sAmAyika 0 0 0 0 0 ; >> >> -uttarArdha prayogo ,

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pustakonI vargIkRta yAdI sureza dIkSita bhAvanA zataka zrI ratnacaMdrajI 1 -0-0 manuSya bhramaNa mahA-vIra-kahetA havA. vADIlAla motIlAla zAha 0 -5-0 mahAbhArata kathA rAjarSi priyavrata carita, dezakAla sanAtana dharma pravartaka maMDaLa 03-0 vivaraNa ane dharmanI agatya bhAvanagara lagnane Adarza 08-0 vakhANane mULatatva, tene 3. jahAMgIra dAjIbhAI zabdArtha ane anartha vidyArthIo ane yuvakene zAntilAla vanamALI zeTha vedAMta prakAza maMjarI, bhA. 1 | zarmA rAghavajI mAdhavajI thI 4 sAthe A. 2) , bhA. 5 dika vyAkhyAnamAlA trikamalAla harilAla Aryopadezaka -4-0 zatruMjayane zyAma sanmati prakaraNa sukhalAla saMghavI becaradAsa | 1-8-- dozI sadupadeza zreNI (17) zreyassAdhaka maMDaLa 0 -8-0 0-10-0 sAcI rItabhAta (A athI) goviMdabhAI hA. desAI 0-7-0 siMhastha mahAmya strIonuM aizvarya ane kharI | vAmanarAva prANagoviMda paTela deza sevA strI jIvana subodhinIjI zAstrI harizaMkara kArajI harijana stotra amRtalAla suMdarajI paDhIAra -0-3 jJAna suryodaya bRhada graMtha- mANiyalAla jamanAdAsa 1-10-0 uttarArdha (bhA. 3jo) | 0-4-0 2 - 0-0

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 bhUgeLa, sthaLavaNuna-pravAsa 1 [ 1- * AphrikA ane hindustAnanI bhUgoLa bhAIlAla desAIbhAI paTela | 1-1 gAMdhIjInI laMDananI yAtrA kapilaprasAda ema dave duniyAnI bhUgoLa amRtalAla mohanalAla parIkha prabhAsa yAtrA varNana zaMbhuprasAda ema. desAI 0-8-0 pAvAgaDhane pravAsa zAha dhIrajalAla TokarazI 0-1-6 pezAvarathI ske gAMDIva sAhitya maMdira 1-4-0 manuSya bhramaNa madhukumAra zivarAma desAI 0-12-0 mahAbaLezvara gAiDa ena. ema. dastura 0-12-0 himAlayanA puNya pradezamAM DuMgarazI dharamazI saMpaTa 0-12-0 himAlayane sara: pradeza ratilAla mohanalAla trivedI 0-1-6 Arogya, vaidaka vagere Arogya vijJAna pravezapathI { prItamarAya desAI 0 -6-0 Arogya-patrikA dhI jaina senITarI esosIe- ... zananI Arogya pracAraka kamiTI orI, achabaDA ane baLIA ' DaoN. bAlakRSNa amarajI pAThaka | 0-3- keTalAka roge bhA. 3 je rDo. caMdulAla sevakalAla dvivedI 1-0-00 cAlavuM eka naisargika vyAyAma | taMdurastI kema sacavAya dIrdhAyu arthe prANu saMcaya rasAyana sAra saMgraha jI. ke. ThAkara 2-9-0 malla vidyA zAstra viSataMtra gajAnana zAmarAva gokhale vaidaka saMbaMdhI vicAre sastu sAhitya vardhaka kAryAlaya suMdara saMtati ane tenuM niyamana | mANekalAla vakIla 0-8-0 homIopethIka vaidyaka sAra ane | DaoN. ema. ke. pAkhaMla dAhoda 2-0-0 - maTeriA meDikA homIopethI eTale zuM ! kSayaroga cikitsA paddhati vaidyazAstrI nArAyaNazaMkara | 2-0-0 devazaMkara prANAcArya / 1-8-0 N *

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pustakanI vargIkRta yAdI. keLavaNI monTesorI pravezikA yuropanA zikSaNa sudhArake hiMdanAM vidyApITha bhA. 1 zrImatI tArAbena [ 0-12-0 vidyArAma vasanajI trivedI | 1-12-0 ratilAla mohanalAla trivedI | 18-0 zALepagI gujarAtI navI bALapothI maNabhAI motIbhAI amIna | 0-1-3 gujarAtI sAhitya paricaya. | maMjulAla raNachoDalAla | 0-10-0 - pu. paheluM majamudAra navIna bALapothI bhA. 1 mohanalAla prabhAzaMkara bhaTTa navIna bALapothI bhA. 2 0-1-0 nArika gadyAvalI 1 -0-0 sAhitya maMjarI guccha 3 sAkaralAla amRtalAla dave 1 -2-0 sAhitya mukura dvitIya vibhAga candravadana cUnIlAla zAha 0-14-0 ,, tRtIya vibhAga 1 -8-0 sRSTi nirIkSaNa bhAga 1 | lakSmIdAsa esa. paTela 0 -8-0

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 vijJAna hunnaraphaLA: kalA viSe pravacane kalA darzana phATAgrApI (A. ra7) mIkenikanA madadagAra yAne Taranara prITaranA bhAmIyA | meAtInI guMthaNamALA, sirijha-bIjI rasamaya vAnIe rezama tathA jarInuM bharatanuM paNa ane vetaravAnI kaLA zivaNa bharataguMthaNa ane vetaravAnI kaLA svAdiSTa vAnI saMgraha strIonI salAhakAra ane ratI dikarInI upayeAgI sAthI (A. ra7) cha arthazAstra arthazAstra ApaNA Arthika prazna inDiyana inkamaTekSa kAThiyAvADamAM kApaDa banAvavAnI AkAzadarzana gRhavijJAna pravezapAthI sahakAra mImAMsA saMgIta prAthamika saMgIta selpha hArmoniyama TIcara, bhA. 1 thI 5 sAthe (A. ra7) saMgIta tAla mAdake khagALa: raMjulAla jadunAtha trivedI kumAra kAryAlaya janArdana yazavaMta DeAsAbhAi eka lAMgrana ke, e, kAlammevALA sau. tArAmatI ja. era jhA suzilA dalAla suzilA dalAla navAjabAI khurazedajI pITara e. pharadunajI mahetA sahelI rIta paradezI kApaDanI sAme hariphAI manameAhana puruSottama gAMdhI kema karavI ? kezavalAla hiMmatarAma kAmadAra preA. vADIA pharAmarAjha Ara marcaMTa za'kara gaNeza vyAsa amRtalAla jeThAlAla dave ... 1 -7-0 1-4-0 2-0-0 1-8-0 bhAgIlAla kezavalAla paTavA prItamarAya vRjarAya desAi 12 -. 1-0-0 1-12-0 3-12-0 2-8-0 2- 010 kezavalAla aMbAlAla Tekara 0-13-0 2-12-0 01110 1-0-0 -2-. 01110 2-8-0 -8-0 0-8-0

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- bhUstaravijJAna-uttarA bAgAyata: khetIvADI: kheDuta pacAMga gujarAtane phUlabAga cheDavAnuM jIvana ubhid zAstra: kudaratanuM avalAkana pustakAnI vargIkRta yAdI 1878) gujarAtI sAhitya upara daSTipAta (sane 1930 tathA 1931) graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 3jIM. sAhitya ane prajAjIvana niSedha: jAme jamazeda senTenarI vAlyuma pathikanAM puSpA prastAvamALA sAhitya--nibaMdha sAhitya: gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAiTIneA hIrAlAla tribhuvanadAsa pArekha itihAsa ( i. sa. 1849 thI DAhyAbhAi pItAMbaradAsa derAsarI 1-0-0 khetIvADI khAtuM-vaDAdarA maganalAla gulAbabhAi desAi prAkRta bhASAnI upayeAgitA pU. zrI. dha prANu lakSmaNa zAstrI drAviDa smAraka grantha. mArtaMDa zivabhadra pa`DayA cunIlAla vardhamAna zAhe hIrAlAla tribhuvanadAsa pArekha candravadana cunIlAla zAha jAme jamazeda senTenarI varakIMga kamITI '' aMbAlAla khA. purANI nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi 5. lAlacaMdra bhagavAnadAsa gAMdhI preA. jayendrarAya bhagavAnalAla dUrakALa. 66 13 02-0 -7--0 ... 1-0-0 1-0-0 ... 1-0-0 : 1-8-0 2-4-0 2-0-0

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AtmAne oLakhA islAmanuM gaurava IzAvAsya upaniSad upaniSad vicAraNA kena upaniSad gItAmeAdha graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 dharma ane tattvajJAna gItA dharma pustaka paheluM tapeAdhana tattvaprakAza dharma ane samAja, pu. 1 dharmopadeza dharmonI bAlyAvasthA pArasI prakAza, daphtara 4 bhA. puSTimArgIpadezikA bhA. 3 brahmamImAMsA jyAti brahmavidyA bhAgavata pravezikA Rgveda saMhitA, aSTaka 1, vi. aSTaka 1, vi. ,, yuga smRti vIra zaiva saMskRti vaidika bhakti yoga zAkta saMpradAya sAdhanA hirajana bhAgavata, khaMDa 1 hAra divijaya hiragIta gItA cunIlAla maganalAla desAi 4 Ara. bI. pemAstara zAstrI cImanalAla hireza'kara maganabhAi caturabhAi paTela mugaTarAma gaNapatarAma bhaTa mULazaMkara kezavarAma zAstrI meotIlAla ravizaMkara gheADA 1 rAmavijayajI Ai. ke. khAna DA. bhAIlAla bAvAjI paTela dI. bA. na dAzaMkara devazaMkara DA. bhAilAla bAvAjI paTela meAhanadAsa karamacaMda gAMdhI e. jI. vArA umiyAzaMkara jIvarAma bhaTTa sara ramaNabhAI mahIpatarAma rA. bA. goviMdabhAi hAthIbhAi 0-12-0 1-0-0 1-8-0 2 1-0-0 1-4-0 0-10-0 1-0-0 01SS12 14 0--1-3 01SS10 0-12-0 1-8-0 0-12-0 5-0-0 01110 0-12-0 2-0-0 2-0-0 -4-0 0-13-0 jamiyatarAma vajeza kara AcArya zaMkara gAviMda sAkharapekara trikamalAla harilAla dI. bA. narmadAzaMkara devazaMkara 1-8-0 aMbAlAla bAlakRSNa purANI InduprasAda bhaTTa mAdhavalAla dalasukharAma koThArI 2-0-0 mehanalAla mathurAMdAsa zAha ra ziliMga 0-12-0 0-2-0

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indukumAra aMka 3 jo. urataMtra ane nATayakalA ghara dIvaDI traNa nATakA; vakIlAta, phAiba, mathurIe nArAyaNI ane khAM nATako pratijJA pUjAriNI ane DAkaghara premanI prasAdI bhaNelA bhikhArI rUpiyAnuM jhADa pustakonI vargIkRta yAdI nATake iMgrejI--gujarAtI DIkSanerI gujarAtI jJAnakoSa, khIjo vibhAga pAribhASika--zabdakoza puravaNI paurANika kathAkASa saMskRta-gujarAtI laghukoza Ala sAhitya sava sagraha citra zataka AT nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi ramaNalAla nahiralAla vakIla yazavaMta paDayA gajendrazaMkara lAlaza'kara paMDayA zivadana mahetA ramaNIkalAla jayacaMdabhAi dalAla nagInadAsa pArekha eka kAThiyAvADI gamanalAla hIrAlAla badAmI "sa" *** 1-12-0 1 kASa--jJAnakASa vagere repharansa pustakA | kumAra kAryAlaya 15 0-1-0 -2-6 -7-0 .0 0-12-0 -8-0 -4-0 0==5-0 -5-0 viThThalarAya che. vyAsa zrIdhara vyaMkaTeza ketakara vizvanAtha maganalAla bhaTTa DAhyAbhAI pItAmbaradAsaderAsarI 5--4-0 gaNeza sadAziva taLavalakara gijubhAi 1-8-0 0-12-0 citra 11010 ... | 1-4-0

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 paracuraNuM arvAcIna sArvajanika pustakAlaya vijayarAya kalyANarAya vaidya | 2-0-0 kApaDa karavAnI sahelI rIta | rAmajI haMsarAja | 0-0-3 prANIo pratye thatI krUratA nivAraka DAhyAbhAI pI. derAsarI maMDaLa, ardhazatAbdi aMka vaDodarA rAjya prajAmitra vakIla chabhAI kAnajIbhAI 2-0-0 skAuTanI pahelI copaDI | narahari kuraNArAma desAI 1 -8-0 hindI bAlavIra vidyA bAla-sAhitya m 0 -2-6 0 0 -9-0 -3-0 AMkha ughADa rAmajI haMsarAja uMdara deza kIrti sthAo umiyAzaMkara jI. ThAkara kAnamAM kahuM ? khATI-mIThI bALavArtA manubhAI jodhANI catura bArtholDa candrazaMkara maNizaMkara bhaTTa cature nAgaradAsa i. paTela jyoti pravAsamALA: puSpa. 1 himAlayano sara: pradeza ratilAla mehanalAla trivedI -2 acalarAja Abu | dhIrajalAla TokarazI zAha -3 pAvAgaDhano pravAsa -4 dArjIlIMga ratilAla mohanalAla trivedI TacukaDI so vAta. bhA. 6 - - -Tana zrImatI kapilA mAstara DAhyuM ke zuM? je. sI. caudharI DheDano bALaka jahAMgIra ja. vakIlA gijubhAI tiLadhyA, gaLadhyA tArAbahena dAdAjInI talavAra gijubhAI nava dIvaDA bhoLAzaMkara premajI vyAsa navAM varate gijubhAI paradeza vasatA premajIbhAInuM pApI rAmajI haMsarAja 16 0-1-6 0 -1-6 0-1-6 0-2-6 0 -3-0 0-2-6 0-1-6 0-1-6 0-1-6 0-8-0 0-1-6

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paryaTana ane khAlamAnasa pyArA nakhI (sala.) prANI purANa phUlavADIH kyAre pahele phUlakAra zeThANI ane magaLAnAM darzana bALakAnAM gItA bALakonuM mahAbhArata bALa nepoliyana bALa vArtA bulabula meTarI bhalI bharavADaNa bhAna bhUlyA vANIe bhALIyA rAjA NiyA mahAbhAratanAM pAtrA: maNakA 9 mA, bhISma "" "" ,, 22 10 meA, dhRtarASTra 11 mA, zrIkRSNa 12 me, mahAbhAratakathA matiyA raniyA rAmasiMha rAThoDa binsana krujhe vasaMta AvI vIra abhimanyu vene vArA satI pustakAnI vargIkRta yAdI khI. hI. dAkAra "vahazI" naTavaralAla vImAvALA dhIrajalAla TokarazI zAha rAmajI haMsarAja sagALazA zeTha ane kelaiyA kumAra svadezInI pratijJA sArI sArI vAtA. bhA. 3jo sItA sudhanvA saune vaheMcAvA hitApadezanI vArtAo, bhA. 1 bhA. 2 hIrA mAtI "" ramaNalAla pI. seAnI ramaNalAla nAnAlAla zAha candrazaMkara maNiza'kara bhaTTa jI. ema. vaiSNava du bhajI bha. jozI chaganalAla harilAla paMDayA rAmajI haMsarAja ramaNalAla nAnAlAla zAha masta phakIra nAnAbhAI "" "" "" nAgaradAsa i. paTela 22 candraza'kara maNiza Mkara bhaTTa candraza kara maNizaMkara bhaTTa gijubhAi candrazaMkara maNizaMkara bhaTTa rAmanArAyaNa pAThaka mULajI AzArAma bhagata vADIlAla meAtIlAla zAha gijubhAI ramaNalAla nAnAlAla zAha nAjukalAla noMdalAla ceAkasI maMjulAla raNacheADalAla majamudAra rAmajI haMsarAja candrazaMkara maNizaMkara bhaTTa ramaNalAla nAnAlAla zAha 17 0-2-0 0-3-0 01310 -4-0 -7-0 0-5-0 0-12-0 0-12-0 03-0 0=2-6 . 1-0 ... 0=1-0 0-3-0 0-4-0 0-2-6 0-6-0 1-00 0-3-0 ... 01SS10 1-4-0 0--1 01SS10 --1-6 -6-0 0-2-0 ... 01810 ha }-0 ==7 ---- 01SS10 0~2-6

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sane 199ra mAM mAsikamAM prasiddha thayelA mahatvanA lekhenI sUcI. bhASA-vyAkaraNa viSaya kartA kyA mAsikamAM kyA mahinAmAM ApaNuM varNamALA, rA. kezavalAla kA. zAstrI visanta mAgha Rgvade mAM phArasI, pahelavI, ane avastA- | DaoNkaTara soharAbajI horamasajI saMtoka navaraMga ogasTa nA zabda. yAne "veda" racanAonA lakhANamAM jarathustanI asara keTalAka nAnArthI zabdanI vyutpatti rA. caturabhAI pu. paTela buddhiprakAza jAnyuAri gujarAta sAhitya pariSada maMDaLanI joDaNI | rA. kezavalAla kA. zAstrI visanta zrAvaNa junI gujarAtI bhASAmAM eka TuMka samAsazikSA rA. bhogIlAla ja. sAMDesarA sAhitya heca dhAtune vikAsakrama rA. caturabhAI pu. paTela buddhiprakAza julA-sapTe bhagavaTho maMDaLa rA. caMdulAla e. paTela zAradA jAnyuAri vaDodarA ane hindI taMtrI. "sAhitya" sAhitya Disembara graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4

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sAhitya viSaya kartA kyA mAsikamAM kyA mahinAmAM prasthAna kavivara TAgoranuM pratibhASaNa rA. mahAzaMkara IdrajI dave kavivara TAgoranI sUra racanA rA. jeThAlAla trivedI kavi zrI nhAnAlAlanI lagna mImAMsA rA. rAmacaMdra dAmodara zukala kacchI lokagIta rA. mAvajI goviMdajI kumAra saMbhava rA. nAgaradAsa amarajI paMDayA kevuM sAhitya joIe rA. himatalAla cu. zAha - keTalAMka junAM subhASita rA. bhogIlAla ja. sAMDesarA zrI kelakaranuM bhASaNa sva kAMTAvALAnuM strI upayogI sAhitya | zrI piyUSa " khabaradAra rA. sureza dIkSita gulAmanI sAhitya sevA rA. jhaveracaMda meghANI ceoNvanI kaLA rA. rAmanArAyaNa vi. pAThaka jagannAtha paMDita ane temanA graMtha | rA. bhogIlAla ja. sAMDesarA TenIsananuM "ina memoriyama" rA. ja. hA. prabhAskara presImesanI nIti mImAMsA bhASAntarakAra' dazamI sAhitya pariSada lapatarAma rA. sureza dIkSita dazamI gu. sAhitya pariSada rA. hIrAlAla tri. pArekha dezapremI kavivara khabaradAra | rA. rasabubudda, zAradA zAradA prasthAna buddhiprakAza zAradA bu. pra. guNasuMdarI kaumudI mAhA eNkaTombara bheTa eka vaizAkha me-juna Disembara jAnyuAri phebruAri eprila sapTembara phAgaNa mArca eprila juna jAnyuAri oNkaTombara jAnyuAri juna pustakonI vargIkRta yAdI prasthAna pustakAlaya bu. pra. kaumudI sAhitya bu. pra. sAhitya

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phebruAri kaumudI prasthAna vasanta ogasTa phAgaNa-88 kAtika mAdha phAguna rA. ' jJa" citra narasiMha mahetA ane suphIvAda mI. jahAMgIra mANekajI dezAI narasiMha mahetA rA. sureza dIkSita narmada yuganuM vAgamaya | rA. vizvanAtha maganalAla bhaTTa naTara pUjA prAcIna gurjara kavionI saundarya pUjA | pro. gajendrazaMkara lA. paMDayA premAnaMdanAM nATakanA pakSakAro ro. narasiMharAva bhoLAnAtha premAnaMdanA virodhIo rA. narasiMharAva bhoLAnAtha premAnaMdanA nATakanA pakSakAronA paDakArane rA. aMbAlAla bu. jAnI prati paDakAra premAnaMdanA virodhIo che. ba. ka. ThAkora premAnaMdanA nATakanA pakSakAro rA. narasiMharAva bhoLAnAtha ja premAnaMdanA virodhIo rA. " jJa" pRthurAja rAso rA. narasiMharAva bhoLAnAtha paMjAbI loka sAhitya rA. sureza gAMdhI pramukha zrI bhulAbhAI jI. desAInuM bhASaNa bhakta kavi zrI nAtha bhavAne rA. motIlAla ravizaMkara ghoDA maNilAla ane haragoviMdadAsa rA. aMbAlAla bA. purANuM mahA gujarAta rA. surendra paMDayA mahAbhArata mAMhenuM dyuta prakaraNa rA. maNizaMkara rAjArAma trivedI mahA gujarAtanA vIra gujarAtIo rA. bihArIlAla nA. anaMtANI mArU ane Dhela ro. haragoviMda che. trivedI mArI sAhitya pravRtti rA. chaganalAla vi. rAvaLa rAsa vivecana | zrImatI jayamanagaurI . pAThakajI graMtha ane graMthakAra, pu. 4 vasata jayeSTa kAtika navacetana sAhitya kaumudI zAradA jAnyuAri eprila Disembara phebruAri bheTa aMka navembara s sAhitya guNasuMdarI

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| me-juna kaTobara eprila laghu cANakya nItizAstra lakhavAnI kaLA leDI lakSmIbAInI vicAra sRSTi vADIlAla zAhanAM vicAra sUtro vikasatA vADamaya viSe vicAra sva. vADilAla zAhanA keTalAka patra vaiSNava kavio ane jAtibheda vikasate kAvya phAla zAkuntalanA cethA aMkanuM bhASAntara sana 1987 nuM bALa sAhitya sana 1931 nI sAhitya pravRtti sAhityano zokha kema keLavaze svAgata kamiTInA pramukhanuM bhASaNa sAhitya tarapha eka dRSTi rA. bhogIlAla ja. sAMDesarA rA. piyUSa | zrI piyUSa rA. tribhuvana hemANI taMtrI, sAhitya rA. tribhuvana vi. hemANa rA. "daDha bala" rA. zizira kumAra rA. bhAnuM rA. choTAlAla mA. kAmadAra rA. hIrAlAla tri. pArekha manubhAI kalyANajI desAI bu. pra. bu. pra.. guNasuMdarI prasthAna sAhitya kaumudI prasthAna navacetana prasthAna pustakAlaya vasaMta pustakAlaya sAhitya bu. pra. julAI julAI paSa julAI bhAdaravo phebruAri jyeSTa phebruAri jAnyuAri | me-juna pustakanI vargIkRta yAdI | rA. bhagavata rAmacaMdra bhaTTa

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viSaya adhyAtma rAmAyaNa (cAlu). amadAvAda para momInakhAnane hallo aDhAramAnuM eka upArUpaka zrI aMbAAnanane garabe kavi mahimA gadya uMcuM padya karatAMya dIpavijaya kRta vaDodarAnI gajhala narapatikRta naMdabatrIsI navayuganA kavio pUrva prayoganI kaLA premAnaMda kRta mAsa paMcadaMDa catuSpadI zrI brahmagItA (zrInAthu bhavAnakRta) balucistAnanuM lokasAhitya bilpaNa paMcAzikA prAcIna kAvya kartA | kayA mAsikamAM kayA mahinAmAM rA. haragoviMdadAsa dvA. kAMTAvALA || sAhitya jAnyu.thI (cAlu) rA. kanaiyAlAla bhAIzaMkara buddhiprakAza mArca rA. bhavAnIzaMkara vyAsa Umi rA. motIlAla ravizaMkara gheDA sAhitya eprila rA. kezavalAla kA. zAstrI bu. pra. me. juna Urmi kArtika rA. bhogIlAla ja. sAMDesarA sAhitya phebruAri rA. bhogIlAla ja. sAMDesarA bu. pra. julAI. sapTe. rA. indulAla jozI rA. bhAubhAI jeTha dI. ba. kezavalAla harSadarAya dhruva mu. pra. julA. sapTe. rA. bhogIlAla ja. sAMDesarA jAnyuArI rA. motIlAla 2. ghoDA julAI kArtika rA. bhogIlAla ja. sAMDesarA sAhitya julAI rA. DolararAya ra. mAMkaDa mAhA ' citra graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 phAma bhANu Umi rAsaka ane nATaya rAsaka lAsyanuM mULa siMdhI nATaya tavArikha | mI. narImAna so. goLavALA

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samAlocanA viSaya - kartA eprila me-juna | kyA mAsikamAM kyA mahinAmAM kaumudI ogasTa buddhiprakAza sAhitya eprila bu. pra. me-juna kaumudI juna kaTobara me-juna aSADha arvAcIna yuganuM prAcIna Alekhana | rA. ratilAla mehanalAla akhAkRta kAvyo bhA. 1 rA. 6. ke. zAstrI a. sA. kumArI rA. ramaNalAla va. desAI arvAcIna gujarAtI sAhityakAronI vargaNI | rA. jadurAya DI. khaMdhaDIA ApaNI kavitA samRddhi ro. raMjItalAla harilAla paMDayA rA. "surendra" paMDayA. rA. kalyANarAya na. jozI - AkAza darzana ro. bhadramukha kalyANarAya vaidya AkAza puSpa rA. jyotindra ha. dave AkAzanAM puSpo rA. bhagavAnalAla la. mAMkaDa ekAMkI nATaka rA. DolararAya 2. mAMkaDa ughaDatA kiraNo rA. bhavAnIzaMkara vyAsa kalA darzana rA. bacubhAI ra. mUlANI kanu desAInAM raMgacitro rA. ravizaMkara ma. rAvala kalApInuM jIvana ane kavana rA. navalarAma ja. trivedI kavi khabaradAranI dArzanikI kavitA rA. viSNuprasAda 2. trivedI graMthAvalokananI navI kalA taMtrI "sAhitya gujarAtanI bhUgoLa rA. kalyANarAya na. jozI jayaMtathI pUrNimA rA. navalarAma ja. trivedI eprila pustakanI vargIkRta yAdI jeTha eprila ogasTa phebruArI jAnyuAri juna mArca | ko. Dise.

Page #57
pro. kezavalAla hi. kAmadAra zrI. surendra" paMDayA rA. "zizira" " prasthAna . bu. pra. kaumudI Urmi kaumudI bu. pra. kaumudI guNasuMdarI kaumudI tarUNuM bhArata darzanikA-eka mahAkAvya (?) U, ciMtanAtmaka kAvya divya cakSu abhinava dRSTie dezaLajI paramAranI jIvanabhAvanA pacAsa varSa pachI prAcIna kAvya sudhA premanI prasAdI mastaphakIranuM mukta hAsya mandAkinI meghadutano pravezaka rAsanI pAMca pustikA 2 lalita vadhAre paDatI jokhamadArI vaDalo vaDavAIo vasudeva hiMdInuM avalokana vaso patrikA 7mI sara viThThaladAsa ThAkarasI veranI vasulAta vaMdhyA zarada bAbu kRta pariNItA svarAjya ane saMskRti sAdhanA sitteramA janmadinane suvarNapranya bu. pra. kaumudI rA. rasikalAla cho. parIkha rA. hIrAlAla tri. parikha pro. gevindalAla ha. bhaTTa rA. 2. na. vakIla rA. kezava ha. zeTha pro. balavaMtarAya ka. ThAkora rA. bhagavAnalAla la. mAMkaDa rA. navalarAma ja. trivedI rA. sureza dIkSita rA. nikumAra maNizaMkara bhaTTa rA. gaganavihArI mahetA rA. caturabhAi pu. paTela rA. hIrAlAla tri. parikha rA. go. dhe. rAyacurA rA. navalarAma jagannAtha trivedI rA. dhanasukhalAla kR. mahetA rA. ca. u. 5 che. kezavalAla hi. kAmadAra rA. zAntilAla e. ThAkara rA. "ra." aSADha jAnyuAri phebruAri Aso juna eprila sapTembara navembara Disembara mArca-eprila jAnyuAri eprila mArca eprila jAnyuAri mArca Disembara julA-sapTe. sapTembara julAi phebruAri navembara | vaizAkha-88 graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 julAI | bu. pra. zAradA. bu. pra. kaumudI | prasthAna

Page #58
sulabha vAstu zAstra sosAITIne pahelo jhamAne saMgIta ratnAkaranuM avalokana saMghamitrA | rA. ha. ma. paMcoLI B. baLavaMtarAya ka. ThAkora zrI. nArAyaNa merezvara khare | rA. "surendra paMDayA bu. pra. kaumudI kaumudI bu. pra. jAnyuAri Disembara || julAI-sapTe. nibaMdha 25 pustakonI vargIkRta yAdI cAlavuM jagatanA araNyamAM dAdara pariSada devenuM kAvya pUrva pazcimana saMskAra vinimaya. madhyAhanuM kAvya pro. vyomezacaMdra ja. pAThakajI | sAhitya rA. jayasukhalAla kRSNalAla mahetA | kaumudI rakhaDapaTTIzaMkara bhaDIlAla prasthAna zrI. dattAtya bAlakRSNa kAlelakara, | kumAra rA. ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla | zrI. dattAtrya bAlakRSNa kAlelakara, | kumAra sapTembara ogasTa aSADha piSa julAI | kaumudI

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apaMga mAnavatA uDaNa carakalaDI ughaDatA kiraNA aMdhakAra vacce kalpanAnAM pratibiMba kalyANa kulAMgAra khUnI geApI bAlA ciraMtana paDachAyA jhAka jyeAta kuM viSaya nArAyaNI pAMtatA pratIti khaga bhagata bujhAtA AzA dIpa mADI jAyAM nATakA kartA rA. zivadana mahetA rA. umAzaMkara jozI rA. zivadana mahetA rA. caMdravadana cImanalAla mahetA "" " dvirepha ,, 99 mI. ahamada cAgalA rA.zivadana mahetA rA. zivadana mahetA zrI kRSNalAla zrIdharANI ,, rA. ramaNikalAla dalAla rA. zivadana mahetA rA. caMdrakAnta pATheka rA. lalitameAhana cunIlAla rA. iMdulAla ka. yAnika rA. sItArAma je. zaoN rA. yazavaMta paMDayA kayA mAsikamAM kayA mahinAmAM Urmi prasthAna Urmi "" ,, kumAra prasthAna Urmi Urmi kumAra "" prasthAna Urmi navayuga navacetana navayuga ,, kumAra phAlguna AsA jeTa pASa mAhA caitra pASa aSADha caitra "" aSADha mAhA caitra jIta jAnyuAra navembara caitra graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4

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muSaka kanyAnA svayaMvara mugdhAnuM teAphAna raghera-zi rasavantInI varasagAMTha lAlA paTelanI lAyakharI varALanAM phUla vijaLI suratanA gheADA zA mATe? sApanA bhArA saubhAgyanAtha saMdhyAnI AratI rA. dezaLajI paramAra rA. Anadeza DA. ravIndranAtha TAgAra rA. munikumAra ma. bhaTTa rA. ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAi rA. zivadana mahetA zrI kRSNalAla zrIdharANI rA, yazavaMta paMDayA rA. caMdrakAnta pATheka rA. umAzaMkara je. joSI rA. zrIkaTh rA. zivadana mahetA - Urmi navacetana prasthAna kumAra pustakAlaya Urmi Urmi ,, navayuga prasthAna Urmi ,, bhAdaravA eprila kArtika jeTha ATembara kArtika jeTa "" phebruAri mAdha AsA mAgazara lekhAnI vargIkRta yAdI

Page #61
ItihAsa viSaya kartA | kayA mAsikamAM kyA mahinAmAM prasthAna sapTembara zAradA navarAsa oNgasTa 2) kumAra prasthAna julAI citra bhAdaravo phAgaNa jAnyuArI azvamedha rA. kanaiyAlAla bhAizaMkara dave atihAsika dRSTie vaDodarA zahera rA. jagajIvana dayALajI modI ItihAsika dRSTie RvedanuM avalokana The. seharAba horamasajI saMteka rUgavedamAM IrAnI pAdazAha ane pahelavAne RgvadIya samayanuM jIvana rA. DolararAya ra. mAMkaDa kacchanuM vahANavaTuM rA. jayarAmadAsa jeThAlAla * kAlakAcArya kathA rA. bhogIlAla je. sAMDesarA kAThIAvADano arvAcIna vikAsa rA. kalyANarAya na. jozI jisI-bhaTakatI TeLIo rA. dayAzaMkara kavi dAnezvarI rA. dhanaprasAda caMdAlAla munazI navI bhUgoLa ane navo itihAsa rA. vinodakAnta prAcIna dvArikA prAcIna zilpamAM rasa dRSTi rA. rasikalAla parikha pArasIonA purAtana irAnI pAdazAha DeM soharAba horamasajI saMtaka ane pahelavAno viSe purAtana khaMbhAta rA. ratnamaNirAva bhImarAva pUrva AphrikAmAM pauvaya sabhyatA rA. bihArIlAla nA. anaMtANI perIplasa oNpha dhI yurethrIyana sI. rA. dhanaprasAda caMdAlAla munazI pAMca varasamAM kAyApalaTa | rA. ravizaMkara ma. rAvaLa graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 me me-juna zAradA navacetana mu. pra. kumAra bu. pra. kumAra navaraMga julA-sapTembara citra prila prasthAna zAradA navacetana | kumAra aSADha jAnyuAri mArca mAgazara

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bauddha kALanI nI bhAratIya ke sumeriyana ? mahAkSatrapa caSTana mugala citrakaLA meDha brAhmaNa rAnIparaja kAmeA ane bhIle rANakadevI vaDanagara vAgherAnA baLavA zivAjI ane rAmadAsa sindhu uparanI prAcIna saMskRti sumeriyana saMskRti --hindu purANA rA. 'jyAti' rA. DeAlararAya mAMkaDa rA. dhanaprasAda caMdulAla munazI rA. riveza'kara ma. rAvaLa rA. jeTAlAla trivedI dave rA. DAhyAbhAI jI. nAyaka mI. karIma mahaMmada mAstara rA. kanaiyAlAla bhAIzaMkara rA. kalyANarAya na. jozI rA. bharatarAma bhAnusukharAma mahetA rA. miNalAla chabbArAma bhaTTa rA. DolararAya mAMkaDa MMEN bu.pra. Urmi yu. pra. kumAra prasthAna ,, zAradA sAhitya navayuga zAradA pra. Urmi ArkaTA-DIsembara pASa ekaTA-Dise. AsA aSADha pepa phebruAri jIna mA navembara jIlA-sapTe. pAya lekheAnI vargIkRta yAdI

Page #63
viSaya AInsTAIna zrI kRSNanuM cAritrya paMDita omakAranAthajInA jIvana prasaMgeA basava caritra ejI AvA bhAizrI aMjAriyA " maNilAla nabhubhAinA Atma vRttAnta leDI lakSmIbAI vADIlAla zAha vi ane bhAnu vaidyarAja jAdavajI trikamajI AcAya caritra kartA DaoN. kAntilAla chaganalAla paMDayA preA. kiAja kA. dAvara rA. bhAnuprasAda zAstrI rA. zaMkara gAviMda sAkharapekara mI. ahamada cAgalA rA. caMdrazaMkara na. paMDayA zrImatI gaMgAena paTela rA. dayAzaMkara bha. vi rA. dattAtraya bAlakRSNa rA. durgAzaMkara ke. zAstrI kayA mAsikamAM kayA mahinAmAM caitra mAhA caitra kumAra prasthAna Urmi yu. pra. Urmi zAradA vasanta gusuMdarI navacetana kumAra zAradA julA-sapTe. bhAdaraveA Disembara mAdha phebruAri phebruAri kArataka jAnyu. graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4

Page #64
viSaya ukaLatA pANInA jharA kacchanuM arthazAstra jyAtiSa Telivijhana tArAo dugdhAna zAstra pAdaranI vanaspatie khelatAM gAtAM calacitrA mAnava ane vAnara lehInuM dabANa vAdaLA vRkSa prema-pazcima ane ApaNe zaktinA vikAsa ane ekAnta vRtti zikSaNa vyAkhyAnamALA samudra lakSmI suMdara saMtati ane tenuM nivedana vijJAna, vaidaka, keLavaNI kartA sau. vimaLA setalavADa rA. DuMgarasI soMpaTa rA, hIrAlAla amRtalAla zAhe mI. dhanajIbhAI phakIrabhAI rA. hIrAlAla amRtalAla zAhe rA. DAhyAbhAI jAnI vaidyazAstrI meAhanalAla jIvarAma ThAkara preA. harilAla mUlANI DA. nAthubhAi paTela DaoN. bAlakRSNe a. pAka DA. bAburAva nA. vaidya rA. DAhyAbhAI jAnI rA, manubhaI prA. vaidya bAbu kSitimAhanasena DA. sureza dIkSita rA. mANekalAla ha. vakIla kayA mAsikamAM kayA mahinAmAM navacetana prasthAna kumAre yu. pra. kumAra prasthAna zAradA navacetana kumAra prasthAna kumAra prasthAna 3. pra. prasthAna kumAra navayuga jAnyuAri aSADha caitra jAnyuAri vaizAkha mAhA eprila navembara caitra vaizAkha caitra caitra eprila vaizAkha caitra jAnyuAri lekhAnI vargIkRta yAdI

Page #65
tatvajJAna ane dharma kyA mAsikamAM kyA mahinAmAM coegi prasthAna visanta zAradA bu. pra. prasthAna viSaya kartA avatAravAdaH eka daSTi ra. ratilAla mohanalAla trivedI avastAnAM "ahura"nAM judAM judAM rUpAntare | mI. jehAMgIra. bhA. desAI kAThiyAvADamAM loka bhajane rA. ge. ThA. rAyacurA gItAnuM vaijJAnika vivaraNa rA. prasannavadana chabIlArA dharma ane samAja paMDita sukhalAlajI che dharma nIti ane AdhyAtmikatA rA. aMbAlAla bA. purANI prAcIna hindamAM lokAyata mata rA. indravadana ra. mahetA madhyayugane bhakti pravAha rA. mahAzaMkara idra dave vicAra kaNikA rA. durgAzaMkara ke. zAstrI vivarta lIlA rA. "jJAna bALa' vaiSNava dharmanI dASTae aspRzyatA che. jeThAlAla ga. zAha zAstra dRSTie "harijanone prazna prinsipAla AnaMdazaMkara dhruva pRsyAspRzyatva mImAMsA prinsipAla AnaMdazaMkara dhruva saurASTranA bhajanika saMto rA. jhaveracaMda meghANuM . vyApaka karavA dI. bA. narmadAzaMkara de. mahetA karelo upakAra caitra okaTembara julA-sapTe. Aso mAhA julA-sapTe. graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 bu. pra. aSADha prasthAna visanta prasthAna phAguna kAtika kArtika piSa ekaTa-Dise. jAnyuAri . pra. kaumudI

Page #66
viSaya uttara paMjAbamAM mArI yAtrA kabIravaDanI musApharI kAzmIrane pravAsa kAverInA kalA pradezamAM keTalAMka ramaNIya sthaLA kuMbha citrA giranAra para zaradpUrNimA jApAna pUrva AphrikAmAM pAMca varSa brahmadezanA gujarAtIe masurI mhArI mahArASTranI musApharI mArAko, TrIpAlI, kAMgA, AphrikAnA kALA mAnavanI eka vitaka kathA mAMDavagaDhanI yAtrA yugAMDA ane tyAMnA hiMdI lakA sayAma pravAsa--bhagALa tra kartA rA. DuMgarazI dharamazI rA. purUSAttama cauhANa avaMtikAbAI gokhale rA. kizanasiMha cAvaDA DA. hariprasAda vR. desAI rA. bhAgIlAla ke. paTavA rA. bipina vaidya rA. naTavaralAla zeTa rA. ucharagarAya ke. AjhA rA. rameza ra. dhArekhAna rA. rivazaMkara ma. rAvaLa DA. prabhAkara tri. kATArI ... rA. nhAnAlAla cI. mahetA rA. rAma hera rA. mANekalAla paTela eka abhyAsI COM kayA mAsikamAM kyA mahinAmAM navacetana ,, guNasuMdarI kumAra kaumudI prasthAna zAradA 99 prasthAna zAradA kumAra zAradA navayuga prasthAna kaumudI zAradA 39 eTembara mArca jAnyuAri pASa phebruAri jeTa sapTembara phebruAri aSADha Te-bheTabeMka mAgazara jAnyuAri julA-ATA. pASa jAnyu-eprila eprila AgasTa lekhAnI vargIkRta yAdI

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pustakAlaya-vartamAnapatra viSaya kartA kayA mAsikamAM kyA mahinAmAM ApaNuM gujarAtI mAsika eka sneha| rA. caMdrazaMkara nA. paMDayA zAradA jAnyuAri sahakAranI sUcanA kAThiyAvADa ane pustakAlaya pravRtti | rA. nAnAbhAI caMdrazekhara divAnajI gujarAtI mAsikanA Adhapatione khullo patra ra. hIrAlAla tri. pArekha ane rA. gokuLadAsa ghA. rAyacurA che navasArI pustakAlaya pariSadanA pramukhanuM bhASaNa rA. ramaNalAla va. desAI pustakAlaya jAnyuAri pustakAlaya pravRttino jana ItihAsa rA. popaTalAla pustakAlaya-prAcIna ane arvAcIna | rA. nAjukalAla ne. cokasI pustakAlaya ane patrakAritva mAdilAnta julAI mAlasara pustakAlaya pariSadanA pramukhanuM bhASaNa dI. bA. aMbAzaMkara u. malajI vaDedarA eriyanTala InsTITayuTa |_| pR. gAviMdalAla ha. bhaTTa sapTembara videzamAM vartamAnapatro kema taiyAra thAya che | rA. "piyuSa' navacetana navembara zALA ane pustakAlaya rA. motIbhAI na. amIna pustakAlaya mArca saddagata mI. viliyama elansana borDa | rA. nAnAbhAI caM divAnajI sAhitya eprila jJAnanAM sadAvrata rA. mULazaMkara sa. bhaTTa pustakAlaya 1 okaTombara graMtha ane graMthakAra, pu. 4 eprila Disembara

Page #68
prakIrNa kayA mAsikamAM kyA mahinAmAM kartA turAba' rA. jayasukhalAla mahetA sapTembara Aso citra mI. phIrojazAha mahetA rA. zAmajI lavajI AlagiyA taMtrI rA. harinArAyaNa AcArya rA. vinodarAya vasAvaDA viSaya aligaDhanuM vizva vidyAlaya eka upAsanA pravacana kumAranI kAkadi citra kema jozo ? khUlUonI jIvana dIkSA dharma, janasevA ane vyApAra pakSIonI ArtavI yAtrA ja banArasa hindu yunivarsITa buddhiprakAza raimAsika bhAratIya strI zikSaNanI mImAMsA mahAtmAjInuM zeSa vrata rAma patmibhakta hatA ke ? lagnano Adarza sannArIone be bola svadezI strI keLavaNInA sArAMza rUpa sutro saMskArarakSI rAjanIti ' hindI strIonI yunivarasITI hiMdanuM dAridraya ane enAM kAraNe navacetana prasthAna kumAra navacetana kumAra visanta prasthAna kumAra bu. pra. guNasuMdarI prasthAna vasanta guNasuMdarI navembara aSADha phakzana aSADha leonI vagIkRta yAdI julA-sapTe. julAI bhAdara phAguna jAnyuAri rA. rAmAnaMda ceTarajI kavivara ravIndranAtha rA. choTAlAla tri. jAnI zrI sureza dIkSita zrI kIzoralAla gha. mazarUvALA taMtro zrI kIzoralAla gha. mazarUvALI rA. kRpALa dhruva taMtrI visanta guNasuMdarI jAnyuArI Urmi guNasuMdarI visanta

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,, sana 1802 vasaInuM tahanAmuM 99 ,, . "" ,, ,, 99 "" "" 22 "" "" ,, "" 99 "" *, wr "" ,, 39 "" '' graMtha ane graMthakAra, pu. 4 gujarAtI sAhityanI sAlavArI 1803 raNacheADadAsa gIradharabhAine janma 1804 DaoN. Drama`De gujarAtI kahevata sa Mgraha ane vyAkaraNa taiyAra karyuM. (Telara) 1809 durgArAmane janma tA. 25 mI Disembara 1811 gujarAtI TAipamAM cepAniyuM prathama chapAyuM 1818 bhAgIlAla prANavallabhadAsanA janma "" --: arvAcIna - 1819 saMgItazAstrI AdityarAmajIne janma-junAgaDhamAM 1820 kavi dalapatarAmane janma "" 1822 maNizaMkara jaTAzakara kIkANIne janma 1822 bhALAnAtha sArAbhAI nA janma (vaDeAdarAmAM) 1823 raNachoDalAla cheATAlAlano janma 1824 svAmi yAnaMda sarasvatIneA janma "" josak vAna Telarane janma-gujarAtI vyAkaraNa racanAra dezIo mATe khAra zALAo kADhavAmAM AvI. 1825 neTiva ejyukezana seAsAITI sthapAi 1826 suratamAM pahela vahelI gujarAtI nizALa 1828 satI thavAnA cAla baMdha paDayeA. .. rasika vallabha graMtha kavi dayArAme racyA brahmosamAjanI sthA panA "" 1829 meAhanalAla raNacheADadAsane janma loDa enTike satIneA cAla baMdha pADayA mahIpatarAmanA janma suratamAM-37 Disembare 39 1870 hindustAnamAM posTa oNphisanI sthApanA 1832 karasanadAsa muLaneA janma tA. 25 mI julAi 1833 kavi narmadAzaMkaranA janma 24 mI egasTa rAjA rAmameAhanarAyanuM avasAna .. 1835 naMdazaMkara tulajAza karanA janma eprila suratamAM 36

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gujarAtI sAhityanI sAlavArI sana 1835 chApakhAnAnI chUTanA kAyadA pasAra thaye 1836 navalarAmanA janma. 9mI mA jhaverIlAla umiyAza'karane janma eprilamAM 99 ,,,, ,, "" ,, ,, 29 ,, 1840 neTIva kheDa epha ejyukezana sthapAyuM savitAnArAyaNa gaNapatinArAyaNane janma ,, 1840 manaHsukharAmanA janma tA. 9 mI me-DiAdamAM vallabhajI ridatta AcArya ne janma "" ,, ,, "" ,, "" ,, "" "" ,, ,, "" ,, ,, ,, "" "" "" "" "" 1837 suratamAM meATI Aga 1838 raNachoDabhAi udayarAmanA janma zrAvaNa sudI 8 mahudhAmAM bhagavAnalAla IMdrajIneA janma ,, ,, raNacheADa galurAmanA janma amadAvAdamAM 33 1842 kekhuzarU kAbarAjInA janma 21 mI egasTa-muMbAImAM suratamAM pustaka pracAraka maMDaLanI sthApanA IMgrejI skUla sthapAI "" 1844 kAMTAvALA haragoviMdadAsane janma aSADha vada 5 aMbAlAla sAkaralAla desAI nA janma ,, "" ,, "" "" 1845 bhAiza'karano janma zrAvaNa sudI 11 lAlazaMkarane janma nAradIpuramAM "" zakaralAla mAhezvaranA janma-jAmanagaramAM mAnava dharma sabhAnI sthApanA-suratamAM--na 22 mI maNibhAi jazabhAine janma-me. mAM-naDiAdamAM paMDita galAlajIne janma junAgaDhamAM "" 1847 gokaLadAsa kahAnadAsa pArekhanA janma mahA sudI 8 1848 gaNapatarAma rAjArAmanA janma 1848 (26 mI Disembara gujarAta varnAkayulara sAsAiTInI sthApanA) 1849 DaoN. tribhuvanadAsa meAtIca'ne janma bhutanibaMdha, jJAna pracAraka maMDaLanI sthApanA "" 1840 (4thI jIna) surata enDrujha lAibrerInI sthApanA cheTAlAla narabherAma bhaTTanA janma "" }, 1851 hunnarakhAnanI caDhAI 18

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sana 1851 lakSmInATaka ,, 27 ,, ,, "" "" ,, "" 22 "" "" ,, ,, "" "" ,, "" "" "" 22 "" "" ,, ,, ,, ,, "" 123 29 "" "" "" "" "" 1852 lalitAzaMkara lAlaza karane janma ,, 1853 dayArAmanuM mRtyu ,, muMbAIthI thANA sudhI relve meharAmajI me. malabArIne janma 22 1854 dolatarAma kRpArAma paMDayAne janma sara cA`sa vuDane keLavaNI viSayaka kharIte buddhiprakAza (eprila) seAsAITI hastaka AvyuM zamasa alauSmA jIvaNajI jamazedajI mAdI karImaalI rahImabhAi nAnajIANInA janma nRsiMhAcAryajIne janma "" ,, "" ,, ,, satyaprakAza-karasanadAsa mUlajI saMpAdita 1855 nArAyaNa hemacaMdrane janma gAvardhanarAmanA janma "" graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 ,, 1856 jIvarAma ajarAmara geAranA janma "" pAlanajI arajorajI dezAineA janma-navasArImAM buddhivardhaka sabhAnI sthApanA-muMbAImAM bhImarAva bhALAnAthanA janma tA. 27 AkaTAmbarane gurUvAra kezavalAla harilAlanA janma ,, amadAvAdanA itihAsa-maganalAlakRta "" ,, "" ,, 1857 DAhyAbhAi pItAMbaradAsa derAsarIne janma-suratamAM kamaLAza'kara prANazaMkaranA janma chaganalAla TAkAradAsa meAdIneA janma buddhivardhaka mAsika-muMbAImAMthI vidhavA vivAhanA kAyadA harilAla hadarAya dhruvanA janma tA. 10 mI me amadAvAda koleja sthapAi piMgaLa praveza muMbAi-yunivarsiTinI sthApanA sipAine baLave icchArAma sUryarAmanA janma 38

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gujarAtI sAhityanI sAlavArI sana 1858 mahArANI vikaTAriyAe hindanA vahIvaTa kaMpanI pAsethI lIdhe hopa vAcanamALA prasiddha thai "" ,, "" "" 99 .. ,, 99 ,, "" "" ,, 99 ", 22 ,, "" ,, 99 99 ,, "" ,, ,, "" ,, "" 22 99 alaMkAra praveza; rasapraveza; dharmasabhAnI sthApanA(amadAvAdamAM) joDaNI kAza-hApasAheba saMpAdita (likhita) nathurAma zarmAnA janma--Azvina zuda 4 maNilAla nabhubhAinA janma-bhAdra. vida 4 99 1859 bAlAzaMkara ullAsarAmanA janma-jema zuda 5 kezavalAla ha. dhruvanA janma chaganalAla harilAla paMDayAnA janma 99 99 ,, ,, 99 1860 mahIpatarAma IMglAMDa zikSaNanA vadhu abhyAsa arthe gayA. tA. 27 mI mArca "" 99 1861 mahArAjA lAIbala keza 39 ,, "2 "" .. 1862 naMthurAma suMdarajI kavine janma vAMkAneramAM gujarAta zALApatrane janma kAvyadAhana-dalapatarAma ,, "" dayArAma kAvya-narmadAzaMkara saMpAdita gujarAtI piMgaLa-dalapatarAma ,, 1863 kAvyasudhA raNachoDa galurAma mRta karasanadAsa mULajI vilAyata gayA kRSNarAva bhALAnAthane janma goviMdabhAi hAthIbhAine janma preA. tribhuvanadAsa ka. gajjaranA janma ,, maNizaMkara goviMdajIneA janma-jAmanagaramAM muMbaimAM hAIkorTanI sthApanA camanarAya zivaza`kara vaiSNavanA janma junAgaDhamAM cheoTAlAla jIvaNalAla mAstarane janma 23 ,, 1864 TreniMga kolejanI sthApanA lalitA duHkhadarzoka nATaka 22 ,, 1865 nama gadya sArAbajI macerajI desAI nA janma-navasArI gujarAtI bhASAne itihAsa-zAstrI vRjalAla 39

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 sana 1865 DAMDIo , 1866 IglAMDane pravAsa-karasanadAsa racita che , narma kavitA , , nama vyAkaraNa , , uttara jayakumArI , 1867 abhijJAna zakuMtalA che , maNizaMkara ratnajIno janma >> , mithyAbhimAna nATaka; gujarAtI piMgaLa che , bhaTTanuM bhUpALuM hIrAlAla vrajabhUkhaNadAsa zrophane janma-peTalAda jekIsanadAsa jeThAbhAI kaNIyAno janma , , sara manubhAI naMdazaMkarano janma , , gujarAtI vyAkaraNa-relarakRta-prasiddha thayuM , , pANIpata kAvya-kAMTAvALA , 1868 ramaNabhAI mahIpatarAmane janma amadAvAdamAM , , kRSNalAla mohanalAla jhaverIne janma-bharUca , ,, karaNaghelo, alaMkAra praveza-narmadAzaMkara , 1869 navalarAmakRta vIramati nATaka , , mahAtmA gAMdhIjIno janma-porabaMdaramAM ,, , AnaMdazaMkara bApubhAi dhruvane janma ,, 1870 amRtalAla suMdarajI paDhiyArano janma-coravADamAM , , boTAdakarane janma , , rAsamALA ,, ,, utsargamALA-dhAtusaMgraha navalarAma TrenIMga koleja amadAvAdamAM vAIsa prinsipAlanimAyA , 1871 amadAvAdamAM prArthanA samAjanI sthApanA , , karasanadAsa mULajInuM mRtyu tA. 28 mI oNgasTa , 1872 Izvara prArthanAmALA , 1873 narma koza ,, ,, raNachoDadAsa gIradharadAsanuM mRtyu , 1874 IglAMDanI musApharI-mahIpatarAma racita >> >> 40

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gujarAtI sAhityanI sAlavArI sana 1874 surasiMhajI gohilane janma-kalApI-tA. 26 mI phebruAri , , kauzikarAma vinahararAma mahetAne janma , ,, mahAlakSmI TreniMga koleja phora vimensanI sthApanA. , 1875 muMbaImAM AryasamAjanI sthApanA , ,, bhogIndrarAva ratanalAla diveTIyAno janma , ,, nIti vinoda-malabArI kRta ,, 1876 leDI vidyAgavarIne janma , , karasanadAsakRta IglAMDane pravAsa , , navalarAma rAjakoTa TreniMga kolejanA prinsipAla nimAyA , 1877 mahArANI vikaTeriyAe kesare hindanuM pada dhAraNa karyuM. , , himatalAla gaNezajI aMjAriyAno janma ,, ,, janmazaMkara mahAzaMkara buca (lilata)ne janma-junAgaDhamAM , ,, maganabhAI caturabhAI paTelano janma , , naMdanAtha kedAranAtha dikSItane janma , 1878 varnAkayulara presa ekaTa , ,, karasanadAsa mULajInuM caritra mahIpatarAma racita , , durgArAma mahetAjInuM mRtyu , 1879 meghadutanuM bhASAntara-bhImarAvata , , dalapata kAvyanuM prakAzana che , durgArAma caritra , 1881 bhAratArtha prakAza , , aMdherI nagarIno gaMdharvasena rAjA , , vanarAja cAvaDA , , kAntA-maNilAla racita , 1882 raNajitarAma vAvAbhAIne janma , ,. puruSottama vizrAma mAvajIno janma muMbAImAM ,, , aradezara pharAmajI khabaradArane janma-damaNamAM , 1882 sau. zAradA mahetAno janma che , bulabula , , subodha ciMtAmaNI , , 1884 uttara rAmacaritra 41 3nA

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 sana 1884 rANakadevI-anaMtaprasAda vaiSNava , , kAdaMbarI chaganalAla harilAla paMDayA anuvAdita , 1885 prAcIna kAvya trimAsika nikaLavA mAMDayuM , ,, hiMda ane briTAniyA ,, ,, InDIana nezanala keMgresanI sthApanA-muMbAImAM , ,, dharmavicAra-narmadAzaMkara kRta ,, atisukhazaMkara kamaLAzaMkara trivedIne janma , 1886 narmadAzaMkaranuM mRtyu-25 mI phebruAri. , bhoLAnAtha sArAbhAInuM mRtyu tA. 11 mI me. , , bRhat kAvyadohana-bhA. 1 lo. , 1887 bhAratIbhuSaNa-bAlazaMkara saMpAdita che , sarasvatIcaMdra bhA. 1 prasiddha thayo. , , kusumamALA-narasiMharAva , 1887 jJAnasudhA , 1888 joDaNI viSe vicA-narasiMharAva , ,, bhagavAnalAla IMdrajInuM mRtyu , , navalarAmanuM mRtyu-7 mI oNgasTa ne maMgaLavAra , 1889 rasazAstra choTAlAla narabherAma >> mudrArAkSasa-kezavalAla dhruva , ,, gaMgA gurjara-icchArAma likhita , , kusumAvaLI , , nehamudrA ,, prabaMdha ciMtAmaNI-rAmacaMdra dInAnAtha * 1890 bhImarAvanuM mRtyu. 13 mI jAnyuArI ne somavAra , ,, prAcIna kAvyamALA. , 1891 navala graMthAvaLI ,, ,, mahIpatarAmanuM mRtyu. 30 mI me , 1892 amarU zataka che , sarasvatIcaMdra bhA. 2 , 1893 zAstrI vrajalAla kALidAsanuM mRtyu , 1894 malabArI kRta anubhavikA

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sana 1894 gujarAtanI jInI vAtA 1895 gItagoviMda 99 29 "" "" ,, "" ,, ,, ,, ,, "" ,, ,, "" "" ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, "" "" "" "" 39 kuMjavihAra . 1896 harilAla dhruvanuM avasAna tA. 29 mI juna 1896 laghubhArata-gaNapatarAma kRta "" ,, 29 "" 1897 vAghajI AzArAmanuM mRtyu "" 29 1898 saMsArikA "" 1899 gujarAtI jJAnacakra-ratanajI zeThanAvALu 39 ,, 1899 jhaveracaMda medhANIne janma "" caMdrakAnta-bhAga. 1 siddhAntasAra . "" ,, 1900 surasiMhajInuM mRtyu gujarAtI sAhityanI sAlavArI "" "" hRdayaviNA kuMjavihAra-harilAla dhruva racita kAvyasaMgraha meAhanalAla raNacheDalAla jhaverInuM mRtyu jhaverIlAla yAjJikanuM mRtyu kavi dalapatarAmanA svavAsa tA. 25 mI mArca khAlAzaMkara ullAsarAmanuM mRtyu tA. 21mI mArca 1898 sarasvatIcaMdra bhA. 3 "" ,, 99 pRthvIrAja rAsa-bhImarAva racita ,, gujarAtane prAcIna ane arvAcIna itihAsa-gAviMdabhAI racita raNacheDalAla cheTAlAlanuM mRtyu zeAbhanA sAthe surasiMhajInAM lagna maNilAla nabhubhAInuM mRtyu-3 jI ekaTembara bhadraMbhadra 99 1901 kAvya rasikA-khabaradAra sarasvatIcaMdra bhA. 4 kavitA ane sAhitya 22 1902 ' vasanta' pragaTa thayuM 1903 kalApIno kekArava-maNizaMkara saMpAdita kAvya mAdhu 43

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4) sana 1993 keTalAMka kAvyo , 1904 yoginI-prathama bhAga , ,, kAbarAjInuM mRtyu tA. 25 mI eprila che 1905 dezabhaktinAM kAvyo , vasaMtotsava , naMdazaMkaranuM mRtyu ,, sAhitya pariSadanI beThaka-amadAvAda , vilAsikA ,, raNapiMgaLa-raNachoDabhAI , 1906 DAhyAbhAI dhoLazAnuM mRtyu , , vikramevazaMya nATaka-ke. ha. dhruva , 1907 govardhanarAyanuM mRtyu tA. 4thI jAnyuAri. ,, , manaHsukharAmanuM mRtyu. vaizAkha suda 11 ne gurUvAre ,, ,, zAMkarabhASya-anuvAda , 1908 uSAkAnta ,, ,, vasantotsava-kavi nhAnAlAla kRta ,, sosAiTIne hIraka mahotsava , , navI vAMcanamALA ,, ,, "hiMda svarAjya 'nuM pustaka gAMdhIjI racita pragaTa thayuM. ,, 1909 IdukumAra bhA. 1 , 1910 mAilasTonsa aMgrejImAM , 1910 govardhanarAmanuM jIvanacaritra gItAne anuvAda-nhAnAlAla kRta ,, 1911 bAlA ,, dilhImAM rAjyArohaNa , ,, lenDAranA kAlpanika saMvAdo , 1912 "sAhitya"--vaDodarAmAMthI malabArInuM avasAna , , lAlazaMkaranuM avasAna , , boTAdakara kRta kallolinI IcchArAma sUryarAmanuM mRtyu 44

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gujarAtI sAhityanI sAlavArI 1 1912 lalitanAM kAvyo , 1913 kahAnDade prabaMdha , 1914 nupUrajhaMkAra " , rAIno parvata , , jayA ane jayaMta , 1915 smaraNa saMhitA , 1915 hAsyamaMdira , , veranI vasulAta , 1916 pATaNanI prabhutA, vIsamI sadI, citrAMgadA; , ,, ApaNo dharma che , kAdaMbarIpUrvAdha che , svamanI suMdarI , 1917 raNajItarAmanuM mRtyu i , bhaNakAra , dolatarAmanuM mRtyu gujarAtano nAtha , ,, malabArIne kAvyasaMgraha bhegIndrarAvanuM mRtyu , ,, naMdazaMkaranuM jIvanacaritra , 1918 gujarAta sAhitya sabhA taraphathI sAhityanA abhyAsanI parIkSA , 1919 kone vAMka ? ,, ,, malayAnilanuM mRtyu , 1921 hAjI mahamadanuM mRtyu , mahilAmitra pustaka, 1 , , trivedI vAcanamALA , navacetana-kalakattA 1922 tanasukharAmane svargavAsa , sAhitya pravezikA , 1923 raNachoDabhAInuM mRtyu , , maNizaMkara ratnajInuM mRtyu , , kAvya samuccaya 45

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 sana 1923 saurASTranI rasadhAra ,, ,, hiMda tatvajJAnane itihAsa , ,, ugatI juvAnI 1924 boTAdakaranuM mRtyu , rAjAdhirAja , munazInAM nATako, puraMdara parAjaya ane avibhakta AtmA , Further Milestones-IgrejImAM , pahelI patrakAra pariSada , 1925 matsyagaMdhA ane bIjA nATaka ,, 1926 taNakhA bhA. 1 , , aNubhASya , , smaraNa mukura ,, 1927 vasanta rajata mahotsava ,, ,, prAcIna gurjara kAvya , , AtmakathA-mahAtmA gAMdhIjI ,, 1928 ramaNabhAInuM mRtyu , ,, lirika ,, 1929 kAkAnI zazI ,, ,, kauTilya bhagavAna ,, 1930 pAribhASika zabdakeSa ,, 1931 khabaradAra kanaketsava , , ApaNI kavitA samRddhi , 1932 munazInAM sAmAjika nATako 46

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47 naM. patranuM nAma. 1 'anAvila pAkAra' 2 'anAvila' 3 'AtmAnaH prakAza' 4 abhyAsa gRha patrikA 5 'Ananda varSo' 6 'A prakAza' 7 'Ayurveda vijJAna' 8 'AreAgya patrikA' 9 'AreAgya' ', 10 'Ayurveda rahasyAka 11 'ArAma' 12 inDiyana opiniyana 13 'insApha' 14 'ima' 15 'Urmi' 16 'empAyara' 17 'audicya-nyAti' 18 'audicya-prakAza' gujarAtI sAmayika patrAnI yAdI prasiddhinuM keTalAmuM varSa. sthaLa. surata surata bhAvanagara pATaNa vaDanagara ANaMda muMbAi amadAvAda prInIkasa (nAtAla) amadAvAda | 2-jI vaDAdarA } -3 18-muM muMbAi 2-jI 31-muM muMbAi 10-muM 1-luM surata karAMcI 30-muM 7-muM 1-luM 29-muM 15-muM 13-muM 3-jI 1-9 1-luM surata vaDAdarA 1-luM 12-muM kaLasAra (taLAjA) taMtranuM pUrUM nAma. maNibhAI DAhyAbhAi gajendra hakumatarAya desAi zrI jaina AtmAnaMda sabhA naTavaralAla mAdhavalAla rAvaLa lakSmaNarAma kAzIrAma rAmI snAtakazrI maNirAja durgAzaMkara kevaLarAma zAstrI zakaralAla pAnAcaMda zAha dhI. reDa krAsa sAsAyaTI-vaDAdarA DA. purUSAttama bI. zastravadya naMdalAla cunIlAla kheADIvALA zrIyuta maNIlAla gAMdhI munzI phrhakhAna ahamadakhAna ibrAhIma ahamada mIrajhA indulAla gAMdhI sI. DI. dArUvAlA haragoviMda revAzaMkara mahetA nArAyaNajI geAvardhanarAma kaLasArakara patranA prakAra,vArSika lavA janma. mAsika "" "" traimAsika ,, aThavADika mAsika traimAsika mAsika aThavADika mAsika "" "" ,, "" "" 2-0-0 010 -4-0 * 1-2 .. 4-0-0 ... 10 28-0 3-8-0 sAyika patrAnI yAdI

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19 aMjalI 20 'kamara' 21 'kaDIA yugAntara' 22 'kalAma'dira' 23 'kaDIA kSatriya prakAza' 24 'kaccha' 25 'kAyastha' patrikA 26 'kAyiAvADa TAimsa' 27 'keLavaNI prakAza' 28 'kumAra' 29 'kAli' 30 'kesarI' 31 'kaisare hinda' 32 'kaumudI' 33 'khaDAyatA mitra' 74 'khAdI patrikA' 35 'khristI baMdhu' 36 'kheDA vatamAna' 37 'khetIvADI vijJAna' 38 'kheDuta pa'cAMga' 39 'khArazeda prakAza' 40 'gapasapa' 41 grAmya jIvana sahakA ane khetI' 42 'gujarAta zALApatra' amadAvAda | 1-luM 3 1-luM 1-3 2-oj. surata dhArAjI muMbai aMjAra rANapura surata rAjakoTa surata amadAvAda rAjakoTa "" muMbAi vAdarA rANapura surata cha-muM amadAvAda | 19-muM -DuM 1-9 73-muM 21-muM 16-muM 5-muM kheDA lIMbaDI vaDeAdarA karAMcI 4-3 47-muM 5-muM muMbai vaDAdarA 10-muM pu. 2 varSoM 9 muM 51-muM 46-muM 4-3 amadAvAda ( 72-muM vira cIrAya bhAIlAla meAdI muhammada samAna suratavAlA maganalAla jI. paramAra bhAnuprasAda vyAsa devarAma DAhyAbhAI varU nAnajI lAlajI paramAra prANalAla umedarAma mahetA e. TI. vajhIrANI misa. ema. i. nyUTana ravizaMkara mahAzaMkara rAvaLa meAhanalAla gAmI | | jhulacaMda mAvANI eracazA Ara hIra mehadIna vijayarAya kalyANarAya kezava ha. zeTa viThThaladAsa vasanajI jerAjANI je. ema. blAu zeTha sAmacaMda pAnAca'da dulerAya cheTAlAla aMjAriyA khetIvADI khAtuM-vaDAdarA rAjya edalajI na. rAMderIyA mejanajI bhIkhAjI mahAzaMkara sAmezvara pAka mULajIbhAI hIrAlAla cokasI dvimAsika mAsika ,, sAptAhika pAkSika aTavADika mAsika khAya-vIkalI 5traimAsika mAsika avADika mAsika mAsika "" "" "" aThavADika mAsika vASaka mAsika mAsika traimAsika mAsika ... -2-2 aThavADika 15-0-0 p~~ 1 . -. 3-0 O 2 . . . -8-0 010 10 3-0 3-0-0 -o 1-8-0 graMtha ane graMthakAra, pu. 4

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47 'guNasuMdarI' 44 'gujarAta' 45 'gulajhAre hakImI' 46 'gujarAtI paca' 47 'gujarAtI' 48 'gujarAta TAImsa' 49 'gujarAta mitra tathA para 'gujarAta samAcAra' 53 'prajAbaMdhu' 54 'zrI gogrAsa' 55 'careAtara' 56 'citrapaTa' 57 'cetanayuga' 58 'chAtrAlaya' 59 'chAtrateja' pu. 19 muM/ 4-3 burahAnapura | 24-muM amadAvAda 33-muM 0 'jaya svadezI' 61 'jAme jamazeda' dara 'jAme sAMkI' 7 'jIvayA' muMbai surata gujarAta darpaNuM 50 'zrI gujarAta khetIvADI ane bharUca hunnara udyoga traimAAsaka' 51 'gujarAta patrikA' muMbai naDiyAda surata amadAvAda "" 99 muMbaI vaDAdarA muMbaI amadAvAda | bhAvanagara surata rANapura muMbaI "" 54-muM cha-muM 71-muM 199muM 2-i "" 33-muM ,, 3-jAM 8-muM 2 cha-muM 5-muM 1-3 101-muM 1-3 yajJeza ha. zukala ramaNalAla cheTulAla desAi hasanaalI abadulaalI seAmAlAla maMgaLadAsa zAha naTavaralAla icchArAma desAI mANekalAla harajIvanadAsa zAha caMpakalAla uttamarAma aMbu. ke. vazI e. sI. parIkha IMdravadana baLavaMtarAya TAkAra "" jayantilAla ena. mAnkara bhAilAlabhAi khuzAlabhAI paTela nagInalAla zAha jayaMta nAnAbhAi vidyArthIo taraphathI sI TI. TI. vI. sArvajanika hAiskula bhImajI he. pIrAja zAha jahAMgIra marajhakhAna suMdarajI paDayA jayantilAla ena. mAnkara mAsika dainika aThavADika ,, ,, "" ,, traimAsika avADika dainika aThavADika mAsika "" aThavADika mAsika cha mAsika aThavADika dainika aThavADika mAsika ~\-~~ 12-00 4-0-0 4-0-0 4-0-0 4-8-0 6 20-0 10---- 4-0-0 8--0--0 10-0 -8-0 2 4-7 . 2~3 sAyika patrAnI yAdI

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64 jaina jAgRti' 65 'jaina jyaMti' 66 'zrI jaina dharma prakAza' 67 "jaina prakAza" 68 'jaina' 69 'jaina yuga' 70 'jyeAti' 71 'jhAMjhIbAra vAisa' 72 dhI TAMgAntIkA heralDa' 73 'DITekTIva' 74 DelI nyusa 75 'tarUNa' 4 76 'tarUNa saurASTra' 77 'tapeAdhana' 78 'tilakAiTa' 79 'trivedI mevADA vamAna 80 'dazAlADa patrikA' 81 'dakSiNAmUrti' 82 'dezI mitra' 83 'dIna' 84 'dezI mitra' 85 'dezI rAjya' 86 dharma-maGagalA muMbAI amadAvAda 99 bhAvanagara 48-muM muMbai 20-muM bhAvanagara 31-muM muMbai bhAvanagara 11-muM 43 1-luM dAresalAma surata muMbai karAMcI muMbai bhaca muMbaI -luM amadAvAda aMdherI bhAvanagara surata amadAvAda 4-thu 1-luM 2 23-muM 1-luM 23-muM 9-muM 1-luM 9-muM 6 5-muM surata naDIAda pa-muM amadAvAda | 6-huM rA. DAhyAlAla maNIlAla mahetA dhIrajalAla TokarazI zAha jaina dharma prasAraka sabhA "" ha daMdra kapuracaMda deAzI (zvetAmbar | aThavADika sthAnakavAsI jaina konpharansa) devacaMda dAmajI kuM DalAkare meAhanalAla dalIcaMda dezAi veNIzaMkara ge. bhaTTa DA. prANalAla je. mahetA zivalAla tri. mahetA aMbAlAla zAmaLadAsa bhaTTa bAbulAla hIrAlAla zukala mAsika lakSmIprasAda bhaTTa kAntilAla bhagavAnadAsa rAMderiyA mAlikA-dhI heralDa presa'-dAresalAma dainika 'madhukara'-sAkaralAla maganalAla kApaDIA uSAkAnta paDayA aThavADika dainika aThavADika nRsiMhaprasAda kAlidAsa bhaTTa maganalAla vanamALIdAsa jahAMdArazAha bihArI maganalAla vanamAlidAsa jayaMtilAla meArArajI mahetA nagInadAsa pu. saMdhavI "" mAsika "" mAsika aThavADika traimAsika traimAsika aThavADika 99 mAsika aTavADika <-O {~~~ 9-92-0 --- 4 010 5-~~ 1-8-0 3-0-0 10 010 10 010 3-8-0 ~~~~~. 1~~~~ ~ ~ greMca ane gra MthakAra pu. 4

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mAsika [ 6-0-0 5 -0-0 0 5 -8 -0 16-muM | aThavADika 0 0 dainika aThavADika | .. mAsika | 2- ? by 0 0 87 "navarAza 88 navaraMga' 89 "navacetana" 90 "navayuga" 91 navarojha 92 "nave gujarAta" 93 "nava bhArata 94 navI duniyA 95 "nAgara-jagata' 96 "nAgara-jyoti 97 "nAgarika 98 "nAgara cetana ke 99 "nUtana yuga" 100 "nUtana jyoti 101 prabodha patrikA 102 "prabuddha jaina 103 "prabodha' 104 "prasthAna 105 "prajApati 106 "pratApa 0 karAMcI | 26. . : (0. muMbaI 3ra-muM | meharabAI mANekajI dAvara 16-muM meherAM aradezara dezAI kalakattA 11-muM cAMpazI viThThaladAsa udezI muMbaI 4-thuM pI. je. bhaTTa kalakattA edalajI navarojI kAMgA vaDodarA Do. cImanalAla maganalAla muMbaI khaMDubhAI Ara. desAI amadAvAda dhIrajalAla TokarazI zAha jeThAlAla nAthAlAla dave DAhyAlAla jayazaMkara mahetA candrazaMkara buca amadAvAda 1-luM viThThalarAya nAnAlAla paMDayA muMbaI 2- ratilAla bhanajI Thakkara amadAvAda | 1-luM viSNuprasAda kezavalAla trivedI muMbai hiMmatirAma choTAlAla zarmA 2-jI candrakAnta vI. sutarIyA amadAvAda bhIkhubhAI vI. bhaTTa pu. 15 muM / rAmanArAyaNa vizvanAtha pAThaka 11-muM | jIvanalAla garabaDabhAI prajApati surata 3-juM kAlidAsa kRpAzaMkara zelata 7-muM trimAsika | 3 0-0 mAsika 2-0 - 0 aThavADika | 5-0- mAsika aThavADika 0 sAmayika patronI yAdI K 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cIkhedarA jAmanagara 8-muM mAsika 107 "pracAraka 108 "praNAmI dharma patrikA 109 "prakAza zrI kacchI dazA ozavALa |_| 2-0-8 4-zuM candramaNi motIlAla paM. kRSNadatta zAstrI padamasI dAmajI khonA pakhavADika | 2-0-0 ||

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110 'prajAmitra-kesarI 111 pArasI saMsAra ane leAka sevaka' 112 'pATIdAra' 113 'pitRbhUmi' 114 'pustakAlaya' 115 'zrI puSTi pIyUSa' 116 'pUrNimA' 117 'peAla patrikA' 118 'paMcAla dIpaka' 119 'phulavADI' 120 'phulachAba' 4 121 'kurasada' 122 'phevarITa' muMbAi karAMcI 128 'bAlajIvana' 129 'bALavADI' 130 'bALaka' 131 'bAleAdyAna' 132 'khAlamitra' ANaMda jAmanagara vAdarA naDiyAda sUrata muMbAi amadAvAda .99 rANapura muMbAI muMbAI 123 'baMsarI' 124 'bahurUpI' surata rANapura 125 brahmakSatriya trimAsika' | muMbai 126 'brahmadeza' 127 'khamAM vartamAna' raMguna raguna vaDAdarA surata gAdharA vAdarA ANaMda 18-muM 25-muM 10-muM 1 luM 8 muM 1-luM 1-luM ghana phUTa che. mULa pu. 1-luM 3 25-muM 3-808 11-muM 13-muM 6 - 11-muM 2-jAM 12-muM sItArAma je. zamAM mI. jahAMgIra . pathakI narasiMhabhAI IzvarabhAI paTela jamanAdAsa vasanajI Takkara nAnAbhAi caMdrazekhara dIvAnajI hirazaMkara ekArajI zAstrI candulAla vyAsa (mayUkha) nAgaradAsa gaDhIA caMdulAla ena. gajjara kAntIlAla kAkA guNavaMtarAya AcArya ke. Ara. bhAyA. ratanazAha pharAmajI acArIA zAMtilAla maganalAla zeTa caMdulAla jeThAlAla vyAsa kezavaprasAda cheoTAlAla desAI ema. esa. desAi e. Ara bhImANI ramaNalAla nAnAlAla zAha misa. ela. eka. AsTina bhIkhAbhAi purUSAttama vyAsa candraza'karamaNizaMkara bhaTTa rAmabhAI ga. paTela hevADika Ai-vIkalI mAsika "" ,, ,, aThavADika aThavADika mAsika mAsika aThavADika mAsika "" aThavADika aThavADika traimAsika aThavADika mAsika ,, ,, HH : : 2-0-0 3-0-0 3-8-0 2-00 4-0-0 4-0-0 1-0-0 3-0-0 5-0-0 2-0-0 2-0-0 5-0-0 1-8-0 -~ 3-0-0 30-0 010 -L-0 -6-0 4-7-0 graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4

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133 'birAdara' 134 'buddhiprakAza' 135 'e ghaDI meAja' 136 'bekAra' 137 'bRhad gujarAta' 138 'bharUca samAcAra' 139 'bhATIyA yuvaka' 140 'bhAgyeAdaya' 141 'bhAvasAra abhyudaya' 142 'mahIkAMThA-vata mAna' 143 'manarajana' 144 'majUra saMdeza' 4 145 'mahilA bhUSaNa 146 'bhAtRbhUmi' 147 'mALI mitra' 148 'mijalasa' 149 'muMbaI samAcAra' -150 ,, 151 'mADhandu' 1para 'mADha mahAdaya' 153 'meDha abhyudaya' 154 'meAja majA' 155 'meAtI DelI nyujha' 156 'mADha tarUNa' 157 'muMbAi' rANapura 1-9 amadAvAda | 79-muM muMbAI 9 muM muMbaI nAirAkhI bharUca muMbAI amadAvAda baravALA amadAvAda amadAvAda amadAvAda vaDanagara amadAvAda muMbAi 1luM 10-muM surata 13-muM amadAvAda 2-jAM ,, karAMcI bhAvanagara bhaca muMbAi 1-3 1-3 "" kalakattA muMbAI 55-muM 4-3 20-muM 1-luM 3 19 1-3 114-muM ,, 4-3 9-muM 1-luM "" 23 caMdulAla jeTAlAla vyAsa hIrAlAla tribhuvanadAsa pArekha 'zayadA' jamanAdAsa ke. parIkha ucharaMgarAya ke. ojhA jehAMgIra aradezara gAMdhI DuMgarasiMha harIdAsa dagAi jeThAlAla devazaMkara dave manubhAi lallubhAi jodhANI zAMtilAla dInAnAtha zAMtilAla dInAnAtha mahetA zAmaprasAda rUpazaMkara vasAvA kamaLAmhena prabhuzaMkara vyAsa zakaraprasAda esa. nANAvaTI lakSmaNarAma kAzIrAma rAmI lakSmIprasAda e. vArA jayaMtilAla hAthIbhAi amIna ... viza'kara huM. paMDayA pArekha bhIkhAbhAi geApALajI DAhyAbhAi chaganalAla mAstara jayazaMkara kheADIdAsa dvivedI epha. yu. manahara varajIvana geApALajI parIkha vrajalAla kApaDiyA mAsika traimAsika aThavADika pAkSika mAsika aThavADika mAsika traimAsika pakhavADika aThavADika ,, mAsika aThavADika mAsika aThavADika dainika aThavADika mAsika aThavADika dainika traimAsika addavADika 310-0 1-8-0 --- . -0 L-0 30-7 1-8-0 3-0-0 2-4-0 1-0-0 2-0-0 4-0-0 1-0-0 3-4-0 25-0-0 9-0-0 1-4-0 1-12-0 2-0-0 4-4-0 0-10-0 sAyika patrAnI yAdI

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- 3juM | mAsika 2-13 0 karajaNa rANapura karAMcI rAjakeTa muMbAI *o aThavADika 0 ' 4-00 0 - 158 "yuvaka 159 "kAThI rAjapUta" 160 "rasakuMja' 161 raMgabhUmi' 162 "ravivAra 163 "ramatArAma" 164 "rAjasthAna 165 "lalita 166 lahANa hitecchuM 167 "lokala mIla' 168 "vasuMdharA 169 'vasaMta huM 170 "vatana 171 "vADAmitra' 17ra "vyAyAma" 173 'vyApArI jagata' 174 "vIsamI sadI' 175 "vicAraka 176 vizva jyoti' 177 "vilAsa" 178 "vizva prakAza" 179 "vIrAMganA 180 "kAtarayuM gepa 181 "vaidya kahapatarU' 182 "vijaya' 0 cunIlAla purUSottamadAsa zAha bhagavAnajI bhImajI sAvarakara e. ela. saMghavI mRdula uSAkAnta je. paMDayA nemacaMda gulAbacaMda e. sI. parIkha bI. bI. bhaTTa lAlajI nAgajI gaNAtrA gaurIzaMkara Ara. mahetA caturbhuja nAgaradAsa AcArya AnandazaMkara bApubhAI dhruva chaganalAla bhavAnIzaMkara mahetA nhAnAlAla nAthAbhAI zAha dheDo nArAyaNa vidvAMza je, ke. mahetA maNilAla IcchArAma desAI mANekalAla jagajIvanadAsa cesI prabhuzaMkara narabherAma vyAsa prabhudAsa vi. Thakkara maNilAla nabhubhAI dozI zrImatI lIlAvatI TI, kApaDIA ITT ***TTTTTIITITITITITITI 0 3 graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 -- amadAvAda 5-muM 1-luM rAjakoTa 18-muM amadAvAda karAMcI amadAvAda | 31-muM 2-ju vaDedarA 7-muM 18-muM 26-muM 13-muM vaDedarA 1-luM surata 13-muM muMbAI | 8-muM amadAvAda | 5-muM muMbAI 2-juM 10-muM amadAvAda | 38-muM 6 0. | | | | | | | | | | | muMbAI aThavADika | 4-00 mAsika 1 -8 -0 aThavADika 4-8-6 divArSika ! - mAsika aThavADika 5 -0mAsika mAsika 2 -8 -0 trimAsika 4-8 -0 aThavADika 7-0 -0 mAsika 1 -0 -0 3 - -0 aThavADika | 3-8-0 mAsika aThavADika | 2-0-0 2 -0--0 mAsika 30- 1 -4 -0 0 vaidya ravizaMkara jaTAzaMkara trivedI kacarAbhAI kAlidAsa bhagata

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183 'zAradA' 184 'zikSaNapatrikA' 185'zuddAdvaita ane bhaktimArtaMDa' 186 'sanAtana dharma patrikA' 187 'samAja sevaka' 188 'sayAjI vijaya' 189 'satyamitra' 190 'sahakAra patrikA' 191 'sadAbahAra' 192 'samAja jIvana 193 'samAja svAsthya' 6 194 'samasta lADamitra 195 'sAdhu saMteAnI phUlavADI' 196 'sArasvata jIvana' 197 'sAhitya' 198 'sAkI' 199 'sAdhu prakAza' 200 'zrImALI zubhecchaka' 201 'sInemA phena' 202 'musalima-samAcAra' 203 (sInemA khuleTIna' 204 'zrImedha' 205 'zrImALI hitecchu' vaDAdarA bhAvanagara amadAvAda muMbAi 3 burahAnapura | 1- luM vAdarA muMbAi surata peTalAda ,, "" 14-muM 1-3 amadAvAda | 15-muM muMbAi 2-jI 11-muM 1-luM ,, vaDAdarA muMbAI bhAvanagara amadAvAda muMbAI " muMbAi 9-muM 7-muM >> mahuvA "" 41-muM ... "" 21-muM 1-luM 3-jI 14-muM 9-muM 3-ja 2-ju 77 muM 3-jI' gokuLadAsa dvArakAMdAsa rAyacurA gijubhAI vasaMtarAma harikRSNe zAstrI nAraNujI purUSottama sAMgANI raDADalAla dhanasyAmalAla nAnI mANekalAla e. DaeNAkaTara nAnAbhAI lAlabhAI vakIla paDANa mAhaMmadakhAM sarAjakhAM zrI lakSmImhena geA. DAsANI ra. dhAM. karyuM gaMgAdAsa meAtIlAla zeThanA vrajalAla lallubhAI zAha prabhurAma prabhAkara jozI magana haragAviMdadAsa kAMTAvALA kAkIla ane zarIpha puruSottamadAsa govanadAsa traMbakalAla zivaza'kara trivedI bhAgIkumAra bI. e. saiyada e. khI. munazI narasiMhadAsa pI. Thakkara zrI putaLIbAi kAbarAjI tribhuvana izvaralAla trivedI mAsika ,, "" aThavADika mAsika aThavADika traimAsika mAsika ,, 99 MmAsika mAsika ,, ,, "" "" ,, ahevADika "" avADika mAsika .. 4 1 1 -O .... -. .. 0-0 010 ... . = O .-. <10 4-0-0 40. 7-12-0 1-3-0 sAyika patrAnI yAdI

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che che " : I o 6 | sUryalakSmI dharmadAsa DokaTara mAsika | pa--- nAgajIbhAI goviMdabhAi ramaNalAla bhaTTa avADika ramaNalAla premAnaMda bhaTTa mAsika mULajIbhAI caturabhAI paTela trimAsika jahAMgIra rUstama cho dainika naMdalAla cunIlAla beDIvALA caMdrazaMkara prANazaMkara zukala aThavADika purUSottama lallubhAI guptA mAsika ravizaMkara viThThalajI mahetA kamaLAdevI cImanalAla joSI | aThavADika mIsa. baIAnI lImajI pAlamakoTa mAsika candramaNa metIlAla . ITIMIT:TITIT IIT dainika 206 strI-zakti' . | surata | 2- 207 sudhAraka, vaDodarA | 7-muM 208 "sudarzana' . amadAvAda | 1-luM. 209 "sevA" 2-ju 210 "saurASTra zikSaka - | rAjakoTa | -6 211 "sAMja vartamAna" muMbAi 31-muM 212 "saMdeza" amadAvAda | 10-muM 213 "hArajana badhu pUnA 1 luM 214 "hitecchuM valasADa ! 7--muM 215'hiMdustAna ane prajAmitra muMbAI 19-muM 216 'hiMdu ane hiMdu ti' | 217 "hiMdI-grAphIka ke 218 "hiMdu patrikA cIkhedarA | 6-kuM 219 'hindu-samAja karAMcI 5-muM 220 "hita vardhaka muMbaI: 2-ju 221 "kSatriya mitra' bhAvanagara 1-luM . 222 "kSatriya mALI mitra' | vaDanagara 223 "jJAnavardhaka muMbai 224 "jahAMgIra amadAvAda | 1-luM 225 DelI samAcAra muMbAI | 1-luM 226 "bhAgyasiddhi amadAvAda, 1-luM 227 'pratApa surata | 8-muM o) | 42-muM 0 graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 5 o o mULazaMkara jAdavajI vyAsa raNachoDalAla ghanazyAma jJAnI dhIrasiMha herAbhAI gohila lakSmaNarAma kA. dvimAsika mAsika o o '' : esa. burAnapurI zrI "zaileSa" mohanalAla maMgaLadAsa zAha | kAlidAsa kRpAzaMkara zelata. aThavADika 5 -0-0 4 -0 - bhAsa avADika | 3-0-0 0

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gujarAtI bhASA sAhityanA abhyAsa arthe sahAyaka graMthA gujarAtI bhASA sAhityanA abhyAsa artha mAgadarzIka ane sahAyaka prathAnI sUcI [ cAlu varSoMmAM je. ema. rAkha`sana saMkalita * Courses of Study " e nAmanuM pustaka jovAmAM AvyuM; ane e dRSTie gujarAtI bhASA sAhityanA abhyAsamAM sugama thaI paDe evAM upayeAgI pustakAnI eka yAdI taiyAra karavAnA vicAra sphUrka. te mATe kAlejanA khI. e, nA vargamAM abhyAsa karatA gujarAtInA vidyArthIo taraphathI evI eka yAdInI mAgaNI paNa thatI hatI. upalabdha sAdhanA parathI te atre ApI che, paNa te saMpUrNa vA sa dezI hAvAnA dAvA karatI nathI.........supAdaka ] narasiMharAva bheALAnAtha---- Gujarati Language aud Literature, Vols I & II (MacMillan & Co ) [Wilson Philological Lectures ] gujarAtI sAhityapara vyAkhyAnA-- vasanajI mAdhavajI Thakkara lekcarsa ( graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 2) [ gu. va. sAsAITI ] smaraNa mukura maneAmukura DA. zrIarasana-- * "" Linguistic survey of India, Vol. IX, Part 2 [ gujarAtI puratA bhAga; tene anuvAda gujarAta zALApatra mAM chapAyA che, --gavarmenTa bukaDIpA-dilhI. ela, pI. TeseTArI-- Notes on the Grammar of the old Western Rajasthani with special reference to Apabramsha and to Gujarati and Marwadi. [ Indian Antiquary, Vol. 43, February 1914 and following.] siddha hemacaMdra----adhyAya 8 meA pada 4, sUtreA [ sadarahu sUtreAne gujarAtI tarajumA jaina HH 57 329 thI 439 gUrjara kaviyA, bhA. 1 mAM ApavAmAM AvyA che. ]

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graMtha ane graMthakAra, pu. 4 je. vI. esa. Telara--gujarAtI vyAkaraNa jyAja pI. Telara-- "" 22 kamaLAzaka prANazaMkara----bRhad vyAkaraNa zAstrI vRjalAla kAlidAsa--gujarAtI bhASAnA itihAsa (I grejImAM) [ cekara enDa kuM, muMbAI ] utsabhALA [gu. va. sAsAiTI,] dI. bA. kRSNalAla meAhanalAla jhaverI-- gujarAtI sAhityanA mAsUcaka staMbho gujarAtI sAhityanA vadhu mAsUcaka staMbho [ gu. va. sosAITI. ] DAhyAbhAI pItAMbaradAsa derAsarI--sADInA sAhityanuM digdarzana [gu. va. seAsAITI. ] hiMmatalAla gaNezajI aMjAriyA--sAhitya pravezikA [ena. ema. tripAThInI ku. muMbAI ] jJAnavardhaka graMthamALA--gurjara sAkSara jayaMtie [ jIvanalAla amarazI mahetA. ] ramaNabhAI mahIpatarAma--kavitA ane sAhitya 4 bhAgamAM [ gu. va. seAsAiTI. ] prema. alava'tarAya kalyANarAya ThAkAra--kavitA praveza lirika dI. khA. kezavalAla ha`darAya dhruva-- 5 [prakAzaka kartA ] padyaracanAnI aitihAsika AleAcanA paMdaramA zatakanAM gUrjara kAvyA [gu. va. seAsAITI. ] nathurAma suMdarajI zukala--kAvyazAstra nATayazAstra dalapatarAma DAhyAbhAi--dalapata piMgaLa [ gu. va. seAsAITI. ] maNibhAi nAraNajI taMtrI--gujarAtI navalakathAnuM sAhitya [ena. ema. tripAThI enDa kuM. ] [ kartA pAsethI-vAMkAnera. ]

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gujarAtI bhASA sAhityanA abhyAsa arthe sahAyaka graMtho sAhitya saMsad----madhyakAlanA sAhitya pravAha, khaMDa 5 me [ koThArI enDa kuM. ] kanaiyAlAla mANekalAla munazI--thADAMka rasadanA [ jIvanalAla amarazI mahetA. ] rAmanArAyaNa vizvanAtha pAThaka--arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitA ( traNa vyAkhyAnA ) [ gu. va. seAsAITI. ] gujarAta vidyApI munizrI jinavijaya--prAcIna gujarAtI gadya saMdarbha raNache.DabhAI udayarAma--raNa piMgaLa (traNa bhAgamAM) nATayaprakAza [ena. ema. tripAThI enDa kuM. ] meAhanalAla dalIcaMdra DhasAI--jaina gUrjara kaviyA, bhA. 1 bhA. 2 39 [ kartA pAsethI-muMbAi ] aMbAlAla bulAkhIrAma jAnI "" -- hIrAlAla tribhuvanadAsa pArekha-- [ gujarAta vidyApITha kAryAlaya ] phArbasa sabhA hastalikhita pustakAnI sUcI bhA. 1 bhA. 2 [ ena. ema. tripAThI enDa ku.] 99 dalapatarAma hastalikhita pustaka saMgrahanI sUcI bhA. 1 graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 1 thI 4 gujarAtI kAroAnI sakSisa yAdI: gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAiTIne itihAsa bhA. 1-2 [gu. va. seAsATI. ] "" ,, 1. narmakeAza-kavi narmadAzaMkara lAlazakara (maLatA nathI) 2. gujarAtI zabdakoza-lallubhAi gokaLadAsa paTela -gu. va. sAsAITI (maLatA nathI) 3. 4. sA joDaNI keAza-gujarAta vidyApITha pa

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 5. gujarAtI zabdArtha ciMtAmaNi-jIvanalAla amarazI mahetA. 6. gujarAtI IgrejI keza-malhAra bhIkhAjI belasare 7. ,, ,, -bhAnusukharAma nirguNarAma mahetA 8. aMgrejI gujarAtI koza-rANInA ane musa (maLato nathI.) 9. aMgrejI gujarAtI koza-dI. bA. aMbAlAla sAkaralAla 10. , , , -paTela enDa vyAsa 11. narmakathA koza-gujarAtI presa 12. paurANika kathAkeza-DAhyAbhAI pI. derAsarI [gu. va. sesAiTI] 13. pAribhASika keza-vizvanAtha maganalAla bhaTTa (gu. va. saMsAITI.] 14. gujarAtI phArasI arabI keza-amIramiyAM hamadumiyAM phArUkI [gu. va. sosAITI.] 15. zrI sayAjIrAva zAsana zabdakalpatarU-vaDodarA sarakAra 16. zabda ciMtAmaNi-saMskRta gujarAtI koza-savAIlAla choTAlAla bhAvanagara (maLatuM nathI ) 17. saMskRta gujarAtI zabdAdarza bhA. 1 ane 2 zAstrI girijAzaMkara mayAzaMkara-amadAvAda. 18. jainAgama zabdasaMgraha ardhamAgadhI gujarAtI keza (cAra bhAgamAM) -munizrI ratnacaMdrajI svAmi. 19. vaijJAnika koza-bhAnusukharAma nirguNarAma mahetA. -bharatarAma bhAnusukharAma mahetA.

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pustakanuM rUpavidhAna 1 rUparacanA ane bIbAM Po pahelAMnA traNa hapatAomAM ApaNe pustakanA dehaghaDatara viSe jarUranI bAbate TUMkAmAM joI gayA. have tenA rUpavidhAna viSe thoDuM vicArIe. gharavakharInI kaI mAmUlI cIja kharIdavI hoya che te paNa ApaNe te bajAramAMthI sArAmAM sArI meLavavAnI cIvaTa rAkhIe chIe. tyAre pustaka e te potAnuM sarjana. graMthakAra tenA pratyenA apatyapremane kAraNe tene uttama rUpamAM prakaTa thaeluM jovA I tejAra hoya e svAbhAvika che. paraMtu durbhAgye ApaNe tyAM graMthanuM sughaDa ne managama mudraNa karI ApanArAM chApakhAnAM bahu ja ochAM-AMgaLIne veDhe gaNI zakAya eTalAM che. AthI pitAnA graMthanA rUpavidhAna mATe Atura graMthakArane ghaNIvAra nirAzA thAya che. suMdara, uThAvadAra, sughaDa gauravavALAM aMgrejI pustako rAtadivasa enA hAthamAM AvyA karatAM hoya che, ane pitAnuM pustaka paNa evA AkarSaka dekhAva sAthe bahAra paDe evI hoMza hoya che. paNa upara jaNAvelI paristhitimAM e bara lAvavI duSkara jaNAya che. AvA saMjogomAM, graMthakArane pitAne ja je kAMIka caMcupraveza e bAbatamAM hoya to koI paNa prAmANika utsAhI chApakhAnadAra pAse, saMpUrNa rIte mana mAnyuM nahi to paNa saMteSakAraka kAma te karAvI zake. graMthanA dehaghaDatara jeTaluM ja vistArI tenA rUpavidhAnanuM paNa zAstra che; paraMtu A TUMkA lekhamAM te thoDAM mArgadarzana karIne ja sameTavuM paDaze. pustakanI e rUparacanAmAM ATalI vastuo mukhyatve sadhAvI joieH suDoLa ane yogya bIbonI pasaMdagI; pRSAkRtimAM tenI pramANabaddha racanA; barobara ekabIjAnI pAchaLa ja chapAelAM pRSThonI sugrathita-sukhacita pRSaracanA; manorama uThAva ApatI cotaraphanI kerI jagyAnI vaheMcaNI; sughaDa mudraNa pustakanI ja bhAvanA pragaTa karatAM yogya suzobhana ane citrAlekhane tathA AMkhane raMjaka ane sumeLavALI raMgaracanA. e badhAM eka pachI eka joIe. graMthavidhAnanuM moTAmAM moTuM aMga te bIbAM, je vaDe pustakane deha AkRti pAme; eTale e dehanA rUpane vicAra karatAM pahelo ja vicAra

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 khIbAMne karavAne rahe. IMglaDa-amerikAmAM to aneka rUpa, maroDa, ghATa, DALa, valaNa ane uTAvanAM khIbAM hayAtI dharAve che ne dara varSe temAM vadhArA thatA jAya che, eTale tyAM te graMthanA viSayanA prakAra tathA tenI bhAvanAnA pramANamAM khIkhAMnI pasaMdagI karavAmAM Aveche. ApaNe tyAM, durbhAgye, A dhaMdhAnI zarUAta thai haze tyArathI bIbAMnA je mareADa, kada ane ghATa mukarara thayAM temAM bhAgye ja jIva jevA sudhArA ke vadhArA thayA che. eTale, pasaMdagInuM kSetra maryAdita hAvAthI judA judA uddeza mATe jarUranAM vividha bhAvavahana karatAM khImAMnA abhAvane lIdhe kAma sAravAmAM atizaya muzkelI paNa veThavI paDe che. ApaNe tyAM bIbAMnAM je kada tathA prakAra che tenI nAmavAra eLakha A lekhamALAnA pahelA ja hapatAmAM apAI gaI che; chatAM ahIM tenAM ghATarUpa ane vaparAzanA guNadharma viSe vigate vicAra karavAnA hovAthI A nIce te pharIthI batAvyAM che. pratyeka lITI jIdA khIbAmAM che, ane te lITImAMja te khIkhAnuM nAma tathA tenI upayegitAnuM sUcana (banI zakyuM tyAM) darzAvyuM che. e upayeAgitAnA mahattvanA pramANamAM ApaNe tene tapAsIzuM. jene pustakanA body-type kahe che te, samagra graMthadehamAM vAparavAmAM AvatAM khImAMnAM te ApaNe tyAM te mukhya e ja kada ane rUpa che. eka pAIkA; bIjo tenAthI saheja meTA savAI pAIkA, athavA IMgliza pAikA TAipeAnuM kada samajavA mATenA parimANane aMgrejImAM pAinTa kahe che. eka pAinTa eTale eka iMcanA 7ra meA bhAga. A piramANunA mApe TAipa jeTaleA UMce hAya teTalA pAInTanA kahevAya. pAIkA TAIpa 12 pAinTanA ane savAI pAIkA TAIpa 14 pAinTanA hoya che. eTaleke pAIkAthI lagabhaga savAye mATe savAI pAIkA. paNa A ja sAi pAikA 12 poinTanA kadamAM paNa pADelA Ave che; eTale ke ene face-mhArA-savAi pAIkAnA, paNa UMcAimAM tenuM kada pAIkAnuM. A jAtane * pAikA-naMbara Tu ' kahe che. najIka najIka lITIovALuM bharyuMbharyuM gIca lakhANa levuM hoya, khImAM meTAM vAparavA chatAM lakhavAnI vadhAre lITIo pRSThamAM levI hoya tyAre A TAIpa vaparAya che. 'kumAra'nAM pahelAM pAnAM upara AvatAM kAvyeA savAI pAIkAmAM Ave che; 'saurASTra' sAptAhikanA agralekha badhA ' pAIkA-nebarahuM' mAM AvatA hatA. e baMnenI sarakhAmaNI karavAthI lITIe vaccenI jagyAnA taphAvata samajAze. 62

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pustakanuM rUpavidhAna phUTanoTAmAM smaoNla pAikA karatAM A lA~gaprAimara TAipa vAparavA vadhu cita che avataraNA ane pirizA mATe upayAgI A mAla pAIkA TAIpa dekhAve graMthadeha mATe sa kAmamAM samAnya thaelA A pAIkA TAipa eka ja che pAikA blaika eTale jADA kadanA pAikA; pRSThapa ktiomAM te tarI Ave evAM peDhAmathALAM mATe A smAla bleka TAIpa jevA suMdara maroDanA A savAI pAIkA athavA iMgliza pAIkA TAIpa ane tenuM ja jADuM rUpa te A savAi pAIkA Rka A greiTa prAImara ane greTa prAimara laiMkanA karatAM tA A suDeALa aDhAra pAInTa gujarAtI vadhAre rUpALA mathALAM mATe A TulAIna TAIpa upacA zrI lAina to emAM javalle phora lAina TAipano nAnAM bALako (14-15 varSInI vaya sudhInAM)ne mATenAM pustakomAM savAI pAIkA khImAM vAparavAM hitakara che. bALakeAnI kumaLI dRSTizakti tathA vAMcana para hajI sthira thatI AvatI najarane mATe ene gALa dekhAvaDA mareDa ane meATuM kada cagya che. athavA to echuM bhaNelA prAkRta varga ane lokasamAjanA vAcana mATenAM pustako (bhajaneAnI ceApaDIe, guTakA vagere jevAM) mATe e khImAM jarUranAM che. A uparAMta koi echA lakhANavALI paNa suMdara rUpadhaDataravALI meATA kadanI ceApaDInI edition-de-lux (jene ApaNe amIrI AvRtti kahI zakIe ) taiyAra karavA mATe e suDeALa ghATane TAipa sAre| paDe. suMdara bharADanA evA ja eka bIjo TAipa che; te aDhAra pAinTa gujarAtI. navajIvana prakAzana maMdira'nA samayathI A lakhanAre tyAMthI prathama te cAlu karyo te pahelAM te taddana khUNe paDelA hatA ane javalle ja kAI chApakhAnAmAM paNa maLatA. Aje te teNe peAtAnuM yogya sthAna sa sthaLe prApta karI lIdhuM che. tenI pahelAM vaparAtA lagabhaga tenA ja kadanA 63 6

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 (16 paiInTanA) ane joDIdAra "greITa prAimara" tathA "greiTa beMka' karatAM te suDoLa, rekhAutAra ane saheja moTA dekhAvano chatAM pAtaLA hovAthI vadhu AkarSaka che ane 6 thI 12 varSa sudhInAM bALakonAM pustakanA bodytype tarIke teNe nAmanA meLavI che. A sivAyanAM bIjAM badhAM kAma mATe pAIka TAIpa vaparAya che, savAI pAkA karatAM pAtaLA tathA UbhA ghATane, paNa suMdara rekhAne ane sAmAnya vAcakanI najarane game teTalA vAcanathI paNa nukasAna na pahoMcADe evA suvAcya kadano e TAI5, bIjo koI navo ane vadhAre sAre jeDIdAra enI avejIe zodhAya tyAM sudhI te ApaNe mATe senAne che. gujarAtI bhASAnA lagabhaga samasta mudraNakAryamAM te vaparAya che. pAIkAthI be poInTa nAno te maeNla pAI. dekhAvamAM te sAre che; paraMtu jhINo hovAthI samagra graMthadehamAM vAparavo hitAvaha nathI. moTA graMthamAM avataraNo tathA pariziSTa je cAlu pAIka lakhANathI gauNa rUpe tathA judAM tarI Ave tema chApI batAvavAM hoya temAM, enuM yogya sthAna che. e sivAya gajavAmAM rAkhI zakAya tevI guTakA ghATanI pustikAonI suMdara AvRttimAM enA suDoLaghATane lIdhe e DI TAI5" tarIke mAna pAme tevo che. kuTanoTo-cAlu vAMcanamAM pRSTa nIce mUkavAmAM AvatI pAdanoMdho ke TI-mAM paNa Aja sudhI sAmAnyataH e aila TAIpa vaparAto Avyo che; paraMtu tenuM kada mAIkAthI mAtra be ja poinTa ochuM hovAthI te khAsa judo tarI Avato nathI. ene mATe te pAka jevA ja lagabhaga UbhA kadane ane tethI traNeka poInTa nAna-paNa mApana leMga prAimara TAIpa vadhAre yogya che. te pAIkAnI sAthe rUpamAM sumeLa racato chatAM, kadamAM nAnuM hovAthI pRSaracanAmAM avataraNa athavA pAdanoMdha tarIke viziSTa vyakitatva dhAraNa karIne tarI Ave. ApaNe tyAM A prakAre teno upayoga thayo bahu jANamAM nahote, kemake rUpavidhAnanA A muddAo para koIe tene vicAra nahi karyo hoya. AthI e rIte tene cAlu karavAne IrAdo hato, tyAM te A varSamAM pUnAthI prakaTa thavA mAMDelA gujarAtI "harijanabaMdhu'mAM teno e prakArane vApara zarU thaelo jo, ane AnaMda thayo. saune e jevAthI laMgaprAImara TAIpanI e viziSTatAnI khAtarI thaze. e ja prakAre smola TAIpa je savAI pAIkAnI sAthe vaparAya to baMne maLIne sugrathita pRSaracanA kare.

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pustakanuM rUpavidhAna meTe TAI5 graMthadehamAM ane nAne pAdanoMdha athavA avataraNamAM vaparAya te ja prakAre, ethI ulaTA kramamAM, jhINe TAI5 jyAM graMthadehamAM viSarAye hoya tyAM tene joDIdAra e mATe TAIpa mathALA tarIke vAparavAthI paNa eTalo ja zobhI nIkaLe. oNla TAIpanA saLaMga lakhANamAM peTAmathALA tarIke savAI pAikAne vAparavAthI bahu surAgI racanA thaze. zrI balavantarAya ThAkorane tAjetaramAM bahAra paDelA "mAlavikAgnimitra' nATakamAM cheDe mananikA TIkA'mAM A rItane upayoga thayo che te suMdara lAge che.' pAIkonI sAthe savAI pAIka eka sthaLe vAparavAthI bahu sumeLa sAdhe che. te tenI pUchapaMktio (jene phigaralAIna athavA peIjalAIna kahe che te)mAM. pratyeka pRSThane mathALe AvatI, te te pRSThane aMka tathA temAMnA viSaya ke prakaraNanuM nAma ane graMthanAma dharAvatI A lITIo kaI vAra maoNla blekamAM, koI vAra pAIkA blekamAM athavA ghaDiyAM chApakhAnAmAM che. vacce AvI * sarpAkArI lITI mUkIne cAlu pAkA TAIpamAM ja mUkI devAmAM Ave che; tene badale savAI pAIkAmAM te lITI levAthI bleka TAIpanI peThe kALA jADA rUpamAM AgaLa kheMcAI na AvatAM pRdehanAM bIbAMnI sAthe surAga racatI chatI judI tarI Avaze. amadAvAdanI gujarAta sAhitya sabhAe hamaNAM ja bahAra pADelA "vIra narmada' nAmanA pustakamAM A racanA jovA maLaze. have mathALAMnAM bIbAM viSe. pustakanA pRSTanuM kada moTuM hoya-kAuna ATha pijI (kumAranuM kada) athavA DemI cAra pejI ("strI zakitanuM kada ) hoya-- pRSThapaMktiomAM pAIko beMka ane cAlu pRdehanAM paTAMmathALAmAM smala beMka mAphakasara AvI rahe. oNla bleka nAno, suDoLa gaLAkRtino ane ghera-ghATo hovAthI cAlu pAikAnA lakhANamAMthI sAro tarI Ave che, ane pAIne bleka jyAM meTo paDe tyAM te bahu ja suMdara rIte baMdha bese che. paNa teno upayoga bahu vivekadRSTithI kare joie. ahIM eka ramUjI dRSTAMta yAda Ave che. bRhad gujarAtanA eka mAsikanA taMtrI-mitrane e prakAre e TAIpano upayoga karavAnuM ekavAra kaheluM, ke pAikA TAipanA bharyA pRSThamAMthI koI nAnI kavitA tarI Ave evI rIte chApavI hoya te smala bleka upayogane che. paNa tyAranI e mAsikanI badhI ja kavitAo-game tyAM levAya chatAM eNla blekamAM ja AvyA kare che !

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graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 savAI bleka, 18 pAInTa ane TulAIna e, viSaya ke prakaraNanAM mathALAM mATe upayeAganAM bIbAM che, paNa tenA vaparAzamAM rUpaSTi ane vivekabuddhi na vaparAya te, kAM to mathALuM mAthAbhAre thaI jAya che, athavA bahu pAtaLu paDI jai vyaktitvahIna thai rahe che. AnA nirNayanA mukhya AdhAra pRSThadehanA kada upara tathA mathALAnA prakAra upara rahe che. sAmAnyataH badhAM pustakA krAuna seALa pejI ('taNakhA'nA kadanAM) heAya che, ke kvacita A pustakanA (DemI ATha pejI) kadanAM hAya che. e kadamAM eka ja lITInuM ane mAkasaranuM TUMkuM viSaya-mathALuM hoya ( dAkhalA tarIke vArtAnuM nAma ke viSayanuM nAma ) teA TulAIna TAIpa sapramANa rIte vAparI zakAya. paraMtu prakaraNa paheluM-jAnA ane navA jamAne' evuM e prakAranuM ane lAMbu mathALuM hAya teA TulAina TAipa mAthAbhAre thai paDe. AvA dAkhalAmAM savAI blaika ane 18 pAinTane--athavA greTa prAimara ke greTa laeNMkane-- paraspara baMdhaesatA Ave evA rUpamAM gADhavI levAthI sArI racanA thAya che. mAtra saMbhALavAnuM eTaluM ke mathALu pAtaLu na paDI jatAM tene tenuM vyaktitva maLI rahe ne chatAM te mAthAbhAre na thaI jatAM sapramANa goThavAi rahe. uparAMta e prakAranAM mathALAMmAM caDAUtarI vaparAtA TAIpa te te lITInA mahattva anusAra vaparAya. 'prakaraNa paheluM' ene savAi blaikamAM ane tenI nIce 18 poinTamAM * navA ane jUne jamAneA' e rIte levAthI A a saraze. 'vIra narmada' nAmanA pustakamAM A racanA joi zakAze. rAyala ArTa pejI ke krAuna ApejI jevA kadanAM pustAmAM A ja prakAre TulAIna sAthe greiTa bleka ke 18 pAinTane TAIpa vAparI zakAya. : zrIlAina TAipanA upayoga graMthamAM te mAtra amrapRSTa-TAITala peijaupara ja thaI zake evuM che. phoralAina TAipa paNa meTA kadanAM pustakAmAM evA upayeAgamAM Ave. paNa te uparAMta tene kharA upayoga tA prakaraNa ke viSayanI zarUAtamAM prathamAkSara tarIke mUkavA mATenA che. tenI UMcAI areAbara pAkA TAipanI e lITInA mApanI he!vAthI tenA peTAmAM e lITIe baMdhabesatI AvI rahe che. pRSTha nAnuM heAya ke mAruM paNa pAIkA TAipanI game te pRSThAkRtimAM dhaNA aucityapUrNAMka e zeAbhI rahe che. A lekhanI zarUAtamAM te e rIte vaparAyA che e jovAthI A hakIkata spaSTa samajAze. TAipeAnA vAparanAM upara batAvyAM te mAdarzana to mAtra prAthamika }}

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pustakanuM rUpavidhAna samajaNu pUratAM che. tenA AdhAra lai sArI rUpaSTi dharAvanAra kAI paNa mANasa avanavI yeAjanAe uThAvI zake. graMthadehanI rUpAkRti sarajavAmAM bIjI eka agatyanI vastu te art of spacing. khImAMvALI ane kerI, e be prakAranI jagyAenAM mUlya samajI tulanApUrvaka tathA vivekadASTathI tenI racanA karavI ane pRSThabhAga paranA e kALA ane dheALA e samUha ekabIjAne paDache parasparane anuSaMgI sAhI rahe ema vaheMcavA e relI kalASTi mAgI le che. pRSThanA kadanA pramANamAM tenI cAre taraphanA mArjina keTalA kArA mUkavA, prakaraNane mathALe keTalI korI jagyA rAkhavI, prakaraNanAM nAma ane lakhANanI zarUAta vacce keTalI jagyA cheADavI, pareAka keTale adhUrethI zarU karavA, mukhya lakhANa ane phruTaneATA vacce keTalI jagyA kArI mUkavI, A badhI bAbato graMthadehanI rUpAkRti sarajatI veLA khyAlamAM rAkhavI joie. emAM sauthI vadhAre agatyanI ane hameza dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnI mukhya bAbata e ke khIbAMvALA bhAganI AkRti--e samUha, eTaleA bhAbha ane khImAMthI sukhacita-pramANasara hAMselA-hAvA joie ke saheja dUrathI zvetAM pRSTha eka saLaMga kALA samUha jevuM ja lAge. pazcimanA graMthavidhAnanA mAnya kalAkAronA e mata che. teme teA Adarza tarIke jUnAM pustakA nirakhavAnuM kahe che. ApaNA pUrvanA dezonI hastarlsikhata pothIe jue ke pazcimanA purANA graMthA jIe; prAcIna zilAlekhA ke tAmrapatrA jue,-- badhe ja A paddhati jaNAze. ekadhArA suDeALa akSare, zabdo vacce taddana ochI kArI jagyA mUkIne kareluM, paregrAphI ke kArI jagyAnA koipaNuM gALA vinAnuM saLaMga lakhANu dharAvatA e graMtha ke pothInuM koipaNa pRSTha tamane eTaluM sugrathita ne bharyuMbharyuM lAgaze ke jarA dUra mUkIne jotAM samagra pRSTAkRti, cemera sapramANa vaheMcAelI kArI jagyA vacce koi citra AvI rahyuM hoya tevI sAhAmaNI jaNAze. A ja dheAraNu najara AgaLa rAkhIne ApaNA graMthAnI pRSTaracanA thavI joI e. Ama hovAthI, zabdo ane lITI vacce kArI mUkavAnI jagyA e graMthanA rUpavidhAnamAM ghaNI agatyanI vastu che. tenuM mahattva jo kharAkhara samajAI jAya te pRSTadehanuM rUpa ane pramANa ghaDavAmAM bahu saraLatA thaI paDe. eTale TAIpanI eLakhanI sAtheAsAtha kArI jagyAe nAkhavAnAM sAdhanAnI oLakha paNa jarUranI che, 67

Page #101
graMtha ane graMthakAra pu. 4 be zabdo vacce chuTI jagyA pUravAnAM sAdhanone "Isa' kahe che; ane be lITIone chuTI karavA mATe vaparAtA sAdhanane "leDa' kahe che. A speIsa ane leDanI jADAI tathA pahoLAInAM mApa mATe parimANa te upara jANI gayA te "poInTa"nuM ja TAIpanuM mApa jema UMcAIthI kare, tema speisanuM mApa tenI jADAIthI. pAtaLAmAM pAtaLA speIsa be poInTanA ane jADAmAM jADo 12 poInTane hoya che. vaLI pahoLAImAM 12 poinTa e TAIpa-lITInI laMbAI mApavAnuM paNa eka parimANa che. tene "ema kahe che. 12 poinTane eka "ema"; ane che emane eka Ica; e be parimANo sivAya lAMbuM koSTaka emAM nathI. - chApakhAnadAro ane kArIgaro A "emanA vibhAgonA nAmathI pesa tathA leDane oLakhe che. be poInTa e eka "emano chaThTho bhAga eTale tevA speisane teo "chavALA peIsa kahe che; eTaleke eka emamAM je cha samAya te peIsa. A rIte traNa poInTa pahoLA peIsane cAravALA, cAra poInTa pahoLA peIsane traNavALA ane cha poInTa peIsane aradhe ema kahe che. A ja rIte 1 piITa jADA leDane bAravALA, 13 poInTa jADA leDane AThavALA; be pAInTanA leDane chavALA, ema oLakhe che. leDa pAtaLAmAM pAtaLA 1 poInTano ane jADAmAM jADa traNa pAIne Ave che. jene loose compose kahe che tevuM, vacce korI jagyAnI nadIo vahetI hoya evuM DhIluM veravikhera TAIpakapejha rUpadASTae dUSita gaNAya che. Aje sAmAnya niyama e gaNAya che ke zabda vacce traNavALA ane aradhA "ema"nA spesa vaparAya, ane eka vAkya pUruM thayA pachI eka ema jagyA karI mUkIne navuM zarU thAya. A niyamonI sAthe kaeNmpojhiTare pitAnI sagavaDa khAtara thoDI chUTa le eTale pachI pRSTa vacce kerI jagyAnA dhodha vahe emAM navAI nahi. pazcimanA graMthavidhAyake Adarza racanAmAM to ochAmAM ochI be poInTanI ane vadhAremAM vadhAre cAra pAInI spesa ja vAparavAnA matanA che. peregrApha bahubahu te eka "emane; be peregrApha vacce vadhArAno leDa nahi; ane lITIo vaccenA leDa paNa pAtaLAmAM pAtaLA-doDha ke be peInTanA, ApaNe tyAM te ATalA bArIka pesiMganAM sAdhana paNa koI virala chApakhAnAmAM haze. tAtparya e ke pRSThane dekhAva sukhacita lAge e muddo najara AgaLa rAkhI e prakAranI racanAne tathA peIsa ekasarakhI, ekadhArI rAkhavAne Agraha dharAvo. ;

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pustakanuM rUpavidhAna kArI jagyAnI chUTa mUkavAmAM je tAlanazakti ane vivekabuddhi joie tenI vAta upara AvI gai. e teAlana ane gaNatrI pRSThanA kada ane temAM ApaNane maLatA black mass-TAipathI bharelA samUhanA kada upara avalaMbe che. mArjinA kai Dhabe rAkhavAM tenI vistRta ane citrA sAthenI samajaNa A lekhamALAnA khIjA hapatAmAM AvI gai che, eTale ahIM tenuM laMbANa karavAnI jarUra nathI; ane ekavAra e pramANabuddhi AvI jAya eTale koipaNa cabarAka mANasa temAMthI avanavI racanAnA uThAva upajAvI zake. prakaraNanAM mathALAM cIlAcAlu patie vacce ja na rAkhatAM eka cheDe goThavI zakAya; prathamAkSareAnA peTAmAM bhalene e lITI baMdhabesatI samAi jatI heAya chatAM e meTA TAipane ekalA minArA jevA chuTA paNa UbhA karI zakAya; prathamAkSarA lITInI zarUAtathI ja na letAM lITInI vaccethI paNa zarU karI zakAya. paraMtu A badhI chUTa lenAramAM karI ane bharelI jagyAemAM pramANa samajavAnI tathA tenuM tAlana karavAnI sArI zakti AvI gaelI hovI joie. aMte te mANasanI rasavRtti ane rUpaSTi ja mahattvanI che. evI daSTi vinAnA chApakhAnadAra sAdhanAnA khaDakalA peAtAne tyAM hovA chatAM paNa tamane satASakAraka kAma na ApI zake; jyAre bahu pirimata tathA navAM sAdhanA vaDe calAvatA paNa e diSTa dharAvatA mudraka tamArA pustakanuM manamAhaka rUpa sarajI zake. kalAnuM sthAna jIvananA ekeeka kSetramA che. eka nAcIjha zakorUM dhaDanAra kuMbhakArathI mAMDIne meTA zilpI sudhInA badhA dhaMdhAeAmAMnA evA kalAkArA e samAjanuM utkRSTa aMga che, samAjanI samRddhi che. prajAnI UMcI rasadiSTa ane surUpatA mATenA zekha ja tene sarajAvaze. pustakanA sarvasAmAnya rUpavidhAnanuM mukhya aMga ApaNe jANyuM. have tenAM suzobhano tathA citrAlekhanA viSe vicAra karIzuM. bacubhAi rAvata

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- gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanI beThakonI yAdI varSa pramukha sthAna sana 1905 govardhanarAma mAdhavarAma tripAThI. amadAvAda ,, 1907 dI. bA. kezavalAla harSadarAya dhruva. muMbAI ,, 1909 dI. bA. aMbAlAla sAkaralAla desAI. rAjakoTa 1912 dI. bA. raNachoDabhAI udayarAma dave. vaDodarA ,, 1915 zrIyuta narasiMharAva bhoLAnAtha dIvaTiyA. surata , 1920 sAhityamArtaDa rA. bA. haragoviMdadAsa amadAvAda dvArakAMdAsa kAMTAvALA. 1924 rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedI. bhAvanagara , 1926 sara ramaNabhAI mahIpatarAma nIlakaMTha muMbaI ,, 1928 prinsipAla AnandazaMkara bApubhAI dhruva. naDiyAda 1931 zrIyuta bhulAbhAI jIvaNajI desAI. naDiyAda

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gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanuM hAlanu adhikArI maMDaLa pramukha : zrIyuta bhulAbhAI jIvaNajI dezAi, upa-pramukha : zrIyuta kanaiyAlAla mANekalAla munazI. matrI: zrIyuta manahararAma harihararAma mahetA. zrIyuta hIrAlAla tribhuvanadAsa pArekha, DaoN. hariprasAda vRjarAya desAi, zrIyuta gAkuLadAsa dvArakAdAsa rAyacurA. khajAnacI : zrIyuta maNilAla DAhyAbhAI nANAvaTI. zrIyuta jayendrarAya bhagavAnalAla durakALa. pariSaddhanu kAryAlaya 0/0 gujarAta varnAkayulara sesAiTI amadAvAda 71

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Page #106
graMthakAra caritrAvalI ( arvAcIna videhI )

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[arvAcIna gujarAtI sAhityanA gaNeza ApaNA AraMbhanA keLavaNIkAranA haste maMDAyA hatA; tethI videhI graMthakAranI caritrAvalInI zarUAta emanAthI karI che. temAM saMtoSa pAmavA jevuM e che ke emAM keTalAkanAM AtmavRttAMta subhAgye maLI AvyAM che. sadarahu kAryamAM sahakAra ApavA mATe dI. bA. kRSNalAla mohanalAla jhaverIne ane zrIyuta goviMdarAma gaNapatarAma bhaTTane ame upakAra mAnIe chIe. saMpAdaka.]

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raNachoDadAsa gIradharabhAInuM janmacaritra jhaverInA mULa purUSa, Asare I. sa. 1620nI sAlamAM amadAvAdathI bharUca AvI rahyA. jIvaNadAsa morAradAsa vIjakara phulabAI rAmara (rUghanAthadAsa) (suradAsa) 0 (bhaktidAsa) (dhanakara) mA Aii parama manoradAsa | IcchA kakakubhAI gIradharabhAI parabhudAsa vIjabhUkhaNadAsa (galAba) (harakera) (amRta) (divALI) (milAW) 0 raNachoDadAsa goradhanadAsa (mahAlakSmI- 2. gaMgA) (ravA) (prANara) manamehanadAsa mohanalAla (harIgaMgA) (rUkSmaNI) [ "gujarAtanA keLavaNIkhAtAnA pitA mahema rA. rA. raNachoDadAsa giradharabhAinuM A jIvanacaritra mahema rA. bA. mehanalAla raNachoDadAse lakheluM te di. bA. kRSNalAla mohanalAla jhaverI pAsethI amane maLyuM che. ane te mATe ame emane upakAra mAnIe chIe. gujarAtanA mahAna purUSonA AvA jIvanacaritra prasiddha thavAnI ghaNI jarUra che. A jIvanacaritra keLavaNI khAtAnI zarUAta upara keTaluMka agatyanuM ajavALuM nAMkhe che; eTaluM ja nahi paNa te samayanA gujarAtanI rAjakIya Arthika ane sAMsArika sthitinuM paNa sArUM citra dere che. bhASA tathA joDaNuM mULa lekha pramANe ja rahevA dIdhI che. jethI te vakhatanI lakhavAnI DhabanuM svarUpa paNa vAcakanA samajavAmAM Avaze. saMpAdaka)

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI je purUSanuM janmacaritra lakhavAno prayatna karuM chuM, tene janma saMvata 1860 kArataka suda 1 vAra ravIne dIvase thayo hato. e divasa hiMduomAM ghaNo maTe tehevAra gaNAya che. kAraNa IdranI pujA vRjamAM loko karatA hatA te badalIne kRSNa gIrIrAjanI pujA dAkhala karI ne e mATe anakuTanA echavane dahADe viSNumAragI kare che. ane sArI rIte sAmagrI taiyAra karIne ThAkorajIne dhare che. je e divasa yazasvI gaNAya che tevoja e dahADe janma pAmelA raNachoDadAsa paNa yazasvI nIvaDayA hatA. enuM mosALa pakSa paNa sArA prakhyAta kuLanuM gaNAtuM hatuM. te kulanA purUSo bhAvanagaranA rAjyamAM sArA nAmIcA kArabhArI gaNAtA hatA. emanA mAtRpakSanuM vRkSa nIce darazAveluM che. ANaMdajI nAnAbhAI kezavajI suM dara nAthI harakora rAjakera raNachoDa govaradhanadAsa jagannAtha I. sa. 1803nA varasamAM e purUSane janma thayo. te varasa paNa itihAsamAM paMkAeluM che. kemake brITIza sarakAre eja varasamAM AgakhanI tA. 29 mIe sIMdhIA pAsethI bharUca zahera laDIne jItI lIdhuM hatuM. nadIne raste be vahANomAM sainya tathA topo lAvI pazcima dizAparathI eTale kuMbhArIA DhaLapara topane mero bAMdhI bharUca zaheranA majabuta koTamAM gabAra pADI tyAMthI lazkara zeheramAM dAkhala thayuM ne aMgreja sarakArane vAvaTa kIllA para pharakavA lAgyo. te varasathI AjasudhI bharUcanI prajA brITIza sarakAranA rAjyane lAbha bhogave che. mukhya lAbha vidyAvRddhine che. gujarAtamAMthI keLavaNuMkhAtAmAM eja purUSa jenuM A janma caritra lakhuM chuM te prathamaja joDAyA ne pitAnA tanamanathI zrama laIne gujarAtamAM

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raNachoDadAsa gIradharabhAInuM janmacaritra vidyAne phelAvo karyo. eka mATe sarakArI keLavaNIkhAtAnA inspekaTara e purUSane "Father of Education in Gujarat" eTale gujarAtanI keLavaNI khAtAne pitA evI upamA ApI gayo che, te keTaleka darajaje kharuM che evuM A janmacarItra vAMcavAparathI jaNAze. e purUSanI keLavaNI vize tathA emanA bhAgyodaya vize varNana karatAM pahelAM temAM je sAdhana ne sahAya rU5 emanA pitA temanuM zeDuMka vRtAMta lakhavAnI jarUra che. emanI mAtozrI emane bALapaNamAM eTale Azare ( ) varasanI umare mukIne maraNa pAmyAM hatAM. mATe sArI ArogyatA rAkhavAnuM tathA sadAcAra zIkhavavAnuM tathA keLavaNI ApavA vagerenuM kAma emanA pitA gIradharabhAIneja karavuM paDayuM hatuM. temanA hastagamAM rahI vaivAna sadgaNI, ne vidvAna thayA hatA, e kuzaLatA pitAnA pitA thakI ja emane maLI hatI. je jhaverI kuTuMbamAM gIradharabhAIne ja-ma saMvata 1833 mAM thayo hato te ghaNuM sArI sthitimAM nahotuM. kuTuMbamAM mANasa ghaNAM hatAM paNa temAM koI parAkramI dhandhA ke rojagAramAM kuzaLa na hovAthI piSaNa ghaNuM muzkelIthI cAlatuM hatuM. kuTuMbamAM cAra bhAI, eka behena, cAra bhAIonI vahuo tathA vRddha mAtA, tathA bhAIonAM chokarAM maLI paMdara vIza mANase hatAM. revAjI javAnA DhoLAvapara sAMkaDA eka mALavALA gharamAM ke jenuM kSetraphaLa parAkASTAe 300 co. phUga thAya temAM rahetAM ne garIbI hAlatathI gujarAna calAvatAM. gIradharabhAInA moTAbhAI kakubhAI nAme hatA. te eka vepArI mAraphatI ane tyAM gumAstA rahetA ne (vArasika) se savAse rU. kamAya tepara saune udara niravAha cAlato hato. emanA pitA bhakitadAsa paNa ghaNI sArI sthitimAM ke dhanavAna nahotA. te potAnA dIkarAone nAnI uMmaramAM mukI maraNa pAmyA hatA. pitAnA moTAbhAIne kuTuMbanuM piSaNa karavAmAM sahAyabhUta thavAne gIradharabhAIe nAnI uMmarathIja udyoga karavA mAMDayo. bharUcamAM sana 1860 pahelAM badAmanuM calaNa hatuM. badAmo paisAnI pacAza ekAvana cAlatI. eTale dukAnadArane tyAMthI pacAsa karatAM vadhAre bhAvanI badAmo vecAtI le ne te bIjA lokone cAlu bhAvathI Ape eTale sAMja lagImAM kAma kara

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graMthakAra cAratrAvalI nAre Ane me AnA kamAya. e rAjagAra karavAmAM rakhaDATa ghaNA hatA paNa gIradharabhAI tevuM kAma karIne paisA lAvI peAtAnA bhAine madada kare. tema karatAM theADAMka nANAMnI rakama saMgraha karI sutarIAne rAjagAra karavA lAgyA eTale sutara kAMtanArIe pAse sutara kharIda karI vakarAne tyAM vece. te vakhatamAM e rAjagAra sAreA hateA. kemake te dahADe AjanA samaya jevAM varALayaMtrathI cAlanArAM sutara kApaDanAM kArakhAnAM na hatAM, tathA bharUcanA vaNATa sArA pa`kAtA ne temAM baneleA mAla bahAra dezAvara khAte jatA. evA dhaMdhA karatAM udaranIravAhanuM kAma cAlavA lAgyuM. gIradharabhAI ghaNA tIvra khuddIvALA hatA tathA sadAcaraNI purUSomAM temane samAgama ghaNA rahetA tethI jainamAragI gArajIenI tathA evAja bIjA keTalAka sAdhuonI saMgatathI zuddha lakhavAneA tathA khelavAnA sAre| abhyAsa thayeA. devanAgarI lIpI tathA gujarAtI lekha ghaNA suMdara temane hAtha lAgyo temaja te purUSAnI seAbatathI vicAra paNa dhaNA uMcI tarehanA emanA manamAM ThasavA lAgyA. A jagAe mAre kahyA vagara chuTako nathI ke gIradharabhAInA vaDIla bhAi kakubhAI ghaNA devabhALA tathA mUrtipujApara ghaNI zradhdhAvALA hatA. te potAnA ghaNA kALa dararAja pAThapujA karavAmAM tathA bharUca zaheranAM ghaNAM devAlayamAM mUrtinAM darzana karavAmAM kAhADatA tathA jAdumaMtra vagere kharA aMtaHkaraNathI mAnatA. paNa e jAte peAte eka izvarane mAnatA. leAkeAmAM cAlatA aneka prakAranA khATA vahemAne jarApaNa mAna ApatA nahIM. hIMdu zAstranuM kharUM tatva samajatA ne te pramANe varatatA. temane sArA sAdhunA samAgamavALA sArA sArA mANase sAthe eLakhANa thai ne te temane ghaNI khapa lAgI. emanA bApa bhagatIdAsa bharUca zeheranA AgalA nAmIcA hAkema lalubhAI te tyAM nAkara hatA tene ekavAra dukALanA varasamAM lalubhAI e anAjanA kAThAranuM kAma sopyuM ke A anAjamAMthI garIba bhUkhe maratA lAkone anAja bhakta bhIkha dAkhala ApavuM. te veLA e bhagatIdAsanA pramANikapaNA vize evI vAta jANavAmAM AvI che ke peAtAnI garIbI hAlata chatAM paNa sarakArI koThAramAMthI peAtAnA kuTuMbanA upayAgane sArU anna lAvatA nahI. paNa tene badale peAtAnI dharamavAsanA evI rIte dekhADatA ke peAtAne gherathI savAre kATAre jAya tyAre zera juvAra potAnA depADAne cheDe bAMdhI lai jAya te pelA anAjanA DhagalA paDayA hoya temAM te nAMkhI de ane ema khele ke "lalunuM maNu tathA mArUM kahyu," matalaba 6

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raNacheADadAsa gIradharabhAInuM janmacaratra lallubhAi taraphathI kAI ne maNa anAja maLaze te temAM dharmAdA dAkhala mArUM eka kaNa paNu jaze teA kharUM.. e bhagatIdAsanA eLakhANane lIdhe tathA potAnA sArA gujarAtI bALAdha lekhane lIdhe e gIradharabhAi upara lallubhAinI mamatA cAMTI ne potAne tyAM AvavA javAnI paravAnagI emane ApI. evuM kahe che ke lallubhAine jyAre sIMdhIA sarakAre pAvAgaDha upara keda meAkalyA hatA tyAre te jatI vakhata potAnA mANasAne ema kahI gayA hatA ke A gIradharanA hAthanA lakhelA kAgaLa meAkalazo te te mArAthI vaMcAze; khIjA koInA lakhelA kAgaLA mekalaze te te mArAthI vaMcAze nahi.' evI mamatA ceAMTavA parathI tene lAla lallubhAie sArI peThe gIradharabhAine vALI Apyo. majamudAra khIjAbhAi je lalubhAInA mitra hatA te dhaNA paisAdAra hatA. temane eka putra prANanAthabhAI karIne hatA, e majamudArane lalubhAIe salAha ApI ke tame A tarUNa purUSa gIradharabhAI je ApaNI nyAtanA che tathA dhaNA vicIkSaNa, buThThImAna, ne pramANika che tene gumAsta rAkhI tamArAM nANAMnA upayoga vepAra rAjagAramAM kare. e salAha khIjA bhAI e mAnya karI tyArathI gIradharabhAInuM nasIba temanI sAthe saMvata [ ] nA varasamAM joDAyuM, e dukAna prANanAtha khIjAbhAinA nAmathI pote munIma dAkhala rahIne gIradharabhAie calAvI. temAM aneka prakAranA rAjagAra karyAM. zarApI rAjagAra nANAvaTI tathA huMDIyAmaNu vagerene, temaja bhAratIAne eTale karIyANuM khAMDa vagere mAla dezAvarathI maMgAvavA tathA dezAvara caDAvavA. rUnA dhaMdhA paNa karyAM. temAM kapAsa loDhavAnA ADa mAMDatA ane rU muMbAi caDAvatA. leNadeNune rAjagAra te vakhatamAM sArA hatA te paNa calAvA mAMDayA. paragaNAmAM tathA zeheramAM tathA dezAvaramAM "prANanAtha khIjAbhAInI" peDhI paMkAI gaI. ne temAM lAbha paNa sArA prApta karyAM. Ara Mbhe munIma dAkhala rahI kAma karavAthI khIjAbhAI ghaNA rAjI thayA tethI gIradharabhAine prANanAthane paMtyALA rAjagAra cAlavAnI goThavaNa karI. e peDhI varasa lagI cAlI. ane prANanAthabhAI maraNa pAmyA pachI temanA pitrAI bhAI raghubhAI je temanA vArasa thayA temaNe threDI mudata calAvI ne aMte raghubhAinA mRtyu pachI baMdha paDI. tyArabAda gIradhara ] varasa jIvyA te saMvata 1912nA bhAdaravA vada 13 ne rAja ] varasanI uMmare maraNa pAmyA. lAi [ 7

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI gIradharabhAi piMDoSaka naheAtA paNa kuLapoSaka hatA. peAtAnA bhAgyAya thayA pachI peAtAnA mATAbhAInI temaNe dhaNI sArI rIte kharadAsa karI hatI. kAraNa temanA zeThanI dukAna bhAgyA pachI te cheka kherAjagArI thayA hatA tethI temane je AzrayanI agatya hatI te potAnA bhAI taraphathI maLI. temanu dhara baMdhAvI ApyuM tathA kakubhAIne ekaja putra je meTI umare eTale pacAsa varase thayA hatA tene bhaNAvI gaNAvI pAvaradhA kIdhA ne dhaMdhe lagADayA. peAtAnA khIjA bhAi parabhudAsanuM sarakSaNa karyuM eTaluM ja nahIM paNa te muvA pachI temanI dhaNIyANI tathA dIkarIne pALI. dIkarI paraNAvI ne tene cheAkarAM thayAM. cheka kaniSTha baMdhu vibhukhaNadAsa hatA. temane paNa sArI rIte kharadAsathI ucherI vakIlAtanI parIkSA apAvI, te dhaMdhA zIkhavyA. te paNa sArA samRddIvAna pachavADethI thayA. aMgreja sarakAre prathama te vakhate sTAMpanA kAgaLa kAhADayA hatA. bharUcanI raiyate saMpa kIdhA ke e kAgaLa kAe dastAvejanA kAmamAM vAparavA nahIM. vIjabhukhaNudAsa jAte vakIla hatA teNe hImata calAvI ne kAgaLanA upayAga karyo tethI leAkaTALe maLI tene jIva levA taiyAra thaelA e khakhara gIradharabhAIne paDavAthI tarata tenI madade gayA ne leAkane samajAvI te saMkaTamAMthI peAtAnA bhAIne kaSTamAMthI dura karyAM. e parathI gIradharabhAInI samayasUcakatA tathA bhrAtRbhAva jaNAI Ave che. e sadgastha potAnA kuTuMbanI saMbhALa letA eTaluMja nahIM paNa mitrama`DaLanI temaja peAtAnA tAbAnA nAkarA ke deNadAra AsAmIonI paNa kharadAza karatA. vakhateAvakhata anAja sala bharAvI ApatA tathA temanA zubhAzubha kArya veLAe paNa sArI tapAsa rAkhatA. vepArI maDaLamAM sArI pratiSThA hatI. dhaNA loko emanA anubhavano lAbha meLavavA salAha puchavA AvatA ane kajIA ka'kAsanuM samAdhAna karavA pAchaLa ghaNI kALajI rAkhatA. agara emanA moTAbhAI kakubhAInI peThe emaNe dhane bahAne pravAsa karelA jaNAtA nathI paNa pravAsamAM emanI caMcaLAi ne khakhaDadArIne eka dAkhalA jANavAmAM Avye che. e potAnA zeTha prANanAtha khIjAbhAine paraNAvA sArU kharAta laIne bhAvanagara tAkhAnA sAvarakuMDalA gAma tarapha javA sArU bharUcathI nIkaLyA. te veLA zeThanA pItrAI varaganI 8

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raNachoDadAsa gIradharabhAInuM janmacaritra strIoe ghaNuMka jevara sAthe rAkhyuM hatuM. mahI nadI utaratAM je gADAmAM te strIo beThelI hatI tene akasmAta thavAthI te udhuM vaLyuM ne paTalAM pANImAM paDayAM. te veLA eka gADAvALo pelo jevaravALo dAbaDo pANImAMthI kahADI laI cAlato thayo ne eka ghAsanA gADAmAM saMtADayo. strIoe pANImAMthI bahAra nIkaLI paTalAM tapAsyAM te jevarane dAbaDo na maLyo tethI raDApITa karavA mAMDI. A bAbatanI khabara gIradharabhAIne thatAM ja temaNe pitAnA mANasonI cekI nadInA kinArA para tathA rastA para mukI dIdhI ane pitAnA eka putrane tathA gumAstAne gheDA ApI pAsenA gAmamAM gAyakavADI thANuM hatuM tyAM thANadArane jAhera karI madata mAgavA araja karavAne mokalavA sArU taiyAra karyo. te dAbaDe pelA gADIvALAthI na jeravAya eTale teNe AvI jAhera karyuM ke tamArA jevarano dAbaDe anAmata hAtha lAge to mane zuM Apaze. tene javAba maLyo ke A sonAno veheDa rU. pa0) no che te maLaze. eTale pachI gADInA jhADA letAM te gADIvALAeja dAbaDa raju karyo. A dAkhalo ApavAnI matalaba eTalIja che ke agAunA vakhatamAM mahIkAMThA5ra keLI ne luMTArAno keTalo Dara hatA te saune jANIto che. tevA samayamAM himata rAkhI sAvacetIthI tapAsa mahIkAMThA paraja karavI e saheluM kAma na gaNAya. gIradharabhAina zeTha prANanAthabhAI trIjIvAra paraNavAne surata javAnI taiyArImAM hatA tevAmAM temanuM akALa mRtyu thavAthI saghaLe dukAna saMbaMdhIne kArabhAra tathA temanI mIlakata jevara sIlaka vagere temanA pItrAI bhAI vArasa raghubhAInA hastakamAM gayuM. zeThanI havelImAM corI thaI temAM vArasAmAM maLeluM saghaLuM jevara (Azare bAra hajAranuM) corAyuM. e vakhata gIradharabhAInuM daiva pAdharuM ke te paragaNAmAM ugharANI gayA hatA. zaheramAM nahIM temaja havelImAM tathA dukAnamAM paNa te hAjara nahatA. raghubhAInI buddhi pheravavAne tathA gIradharabhAI upara zaka laI jaI sarakAramAM jAhera karI temanA gharanA jhADA levAne keTalAka temanA sagAoe salAha ApI. raghubhAInuM DoLa joine tathA temanI vicitra bolavAnI Dha5 uparathI keIne e vehema ke te kamaakala AdamI che. paNa vAstavika tema nahotuM. te ghaNA vicArazIla ne samaju mANasa hatA. tethI temaNe pelA nIMdaronI vAta sAcI na mAnI ne temane e uttara dIdho ke gIradharabhAI evA prapaMcI purUSa nathI. te pramANika che ne evuM kAma kadApi kare nahIM mATe mAre

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI enA gharano jhADa levaDAvavo nathI. mArA nasIbamAMthI eTaluM dravya utaryuM ne gayuM. paragaNAmAM gIradharabhAIne khabara paDavAthI te zaheramAM AvyA ne pezagebata tapAsa calAvatAM e kAma karanAra zeThanA junA rAI tathA cAkaranuM che tevI bAtamI lAgavAthI ghaNI yuktithI tajavIja calAvatAM teja cAkarathI patto maLyo ke corAyeluM ghareNuM rasaIAnI oraDI dazAzvamedhanI dharmazALAmAM hatI tyAM saMtADeluM che. ne bhaTane paga bhegajege bhAgelo tethI tenAthI calAtuM nahotuM. mATe tenI pAse tenI oraDInI kuMcI meLavI potAnA zeTha raghubhAIne tathA tenA eka vizvAsu mANasane sAthe laI gIradharabhAIe pAchalI rAtre dazAzvamedha para jaI te keTalI ughADI temAM tapAsa karI paNa kAMI dIThAmAM na AvyuM. sau tyAre nirAza thayA paNa gIradharabhAIe hImata na hAratAM evuM vicAryuM ke kadApi A lAkaDAne gaMja mArela che tenI nIce bhayamAM dATeluM haze. traNe jaNAe maLI lAkaDAnI thaDI khaseDI te tenI nIce jamInamAM mATalAM dATI temAM jevara bhareluM hatuM. te zeThane batAvyuM ne temane havAle karyuM. e rIte pitA para AveluM kalaMka dUra thavA pachI keTalAka varasa dukAna navA zeThanA hAtha taLe cAlI. pachI te maraNa pAmyA tyAre temane hIsso temanA be jamAIone vaheMcI Apo ne pote potAne hIrase laI judA paDayA. (saMvata 18 [ ] ) gIradharabhAIne traNa putra, vaDIla raNachoDadAsa, vacalA gavaradhanadAsa ne kaniSTa jagaMjAtha. traNe putrone kumaLI vayathI ja sadabhaktI ne sadAcAra zIkhavelo. svacchatA rAkhavI, pramANikapaNuM sAcavavuM evI ghaNuM zIkhAmaNo devAthI te paNa sArA keLavAyA. dezI nAmAnI rIta, saMskRta tathA bhASAnAM (hIMdustAnI bhASAmAM) pustaka vAMcavA samajavA ne zuddha lekhanapaddhatI tathA sArA maroDadAra akSara lakhavA vagere bAbatamAM e putra sArA huMzIAra nIvaDayA. gIradharabhAInI jAtanuM lakhANa paNa zuddha ne svaccha teja mujaba temanA putro paNa zIkhyA. e gRhasthanA sarAphI daktara rAkhavAnI rIta tathA lakhANa tathA svacchatA joI te vakhatanA yurepiana amaladAre paNa ghaNA rAjI thaelA. keTalIkavAra adAlatamAM emanI peDhInA copaDA gujAravAmAM AvelA paNa te upara jaDajane eTalo vizvAsa beThela ke emAM kaMI dage ke apramANikapaNuM hoyaja nahIM.

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raNachoDadAsa gIradharabhAInuM janmacaritra emanI upara ekavAra pharajadArIne cAra ja Avelo. eka ghAMcInA khata pAchaLa vasula bharavAmAM ceramacaMda thaeluM te parathI kAma sezana koraTamAM raju thaeluM. te dastAveja tathA cerAeluM joI tapAsa karI jaDaje evo hukama Apela ke AvA vRddha mANasathI e kAma thAya nahi. sababa AropI bIna takasIravAra che ema kahI rajA ApI. e purUSanI mukhacaryA ghaNI tejasvI tathA bhavyAkRtinI hatI. kaI ThIMgaNa, gauravarNa, capaLa netra, zarIra Arogya ne kasAeluM hatuM. cheka hesI bAsI varasanI ummara lagI gharasaMsAra calAvavAmAM macelA rahetA. pitAnI strI yuvAvasthAmAM ja maraNa pAmatAM bIjIvAra lagna na karyo ne brahmacaryavrata pALyuM. pitAnA putronI vahuo nAhAnI vayanI hatI temane gharadhaMdhe, svayaMpAka svAdiSTa banAvo, svacchatA rAkhavI ne pitAnI prajAnuM sArI rIte rakSaNa karavuM vagere vagere bAbatomAM sArI zIkhAmaNa ApI temane sudhAryo te pachavADethI temane ghaNuM yAda karatAM hatAM. svabhAve ugra hatA paNa ugrapaNe vivekabahAra nahatuM. keTalAka tameguNI mANase jema hadabahAra jatA rahI potAnAM kAryamAM vidhra ANe e tamoguNa emanAmAM nahate. paropakArI hatA. ghaNuM yogya saMta, sAdhu, brAhmaNa vagerene yathAyogya sahAya karatA. e guNane lIdhe pitAnI jJAtimAM sArI padavI dharAvatA hatA. dayAno guNa paNa emanAmAM sAro hate. ghaNI vakhata hAtha taLenA mANaso ke paragaNAnI AsAmIo para vAMkane lIdhe krodhe bharAtA kharA, paraMtu thoDIvAra pachI kedha samAvI temane sArI zIkhAmaNa daI temane kSamA karI temanA mananuM sAMtvana karatA. sAhasikapaNane guNa emanAmAM janmathIja hato; je tema na heta te kaMgAla sthitimAMthI udyoga ne Agraha karIne sArI hAlatamAM jaI zakAya nahi. emanA putra raNachoDadAsane muMbaI mekalyA te emanA kALamAM eka prakAranuM sAhasa gaNAya. muMbaInuM sthaLa eTale kALuM pANI ne mRtyusthAnanI jagA e samayamAM gaNAtI hatI. ne pitAnA juvAna gabarU jevA chokarAne potAnI sArI hAlata chatAM mekalavA e thoDuM dhairya ne hImata na kahevAya. e purUSamAM eka guNa e sAro hato ke emanA vakhANa koI emane moDhe kare che te pitAne bIlakula gamatuM nahIM. ghaNI veLA evuM baneluM ke keI ajANa mANasa AvI emanA saguNanAM ke satkarmanAM 11

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI vakhANa karavA lAge to tene kaheze ke tame bhATa cho ? bhATAI zuM karavA kare che ? tamAre je prayojana hoya te kaho. ema kahI tene vAratA. - sAruM vistAravALuM kuTuMba sArI sthitimAM mUkI e purUSa saMvata 1912 nA bhAdaravA vada 13 ne roja devaloka thayA, tyAre emanI pAchaLa eAchava thayo hato. je gRhastha moTI vaye poMcI AbAdI avasthAmAM maraNa pAme che temanI pAchaLa gujarAtI rIvAja pramANe raDAkuTa karatA nathI, paNa bhagatanI ToLI bolAvI vAjate gAjate bhajana karatA smazAna lagI tenuM zaba bALavA laI jAya che. temaja DAdhu pAchA AvatI vakhate paNa teja maMDaLIonuM bhajana thAya che. barAM paNa kuTatAM nathI ne bhajana gAya che. e marI gayA tyAre loka kahetA ke bAra dIkarAne bApa mue. e ghaNe * bhAgyazALI che. khAvA pIvAmAM svAdIo hatA, paNa niyamita AhArI ane zarIra kasAeluM tethI uttara avasthAmAM paNa zarIra ghaNuM Arogya rahetuM. maratI vakhata ja eka doDha mAsane maMdavADa bhogavyo hato. maraNa vakhate emane svAMgI vaMza purUSa vargano nIce mujaba hato. gIradharabhAI (uraphe jIkAkA.) raNachoDadAsa gevaradhanadAsa jagannAtha mehanalAla manamohanadAsa harakIzanadAsa duvArakAMdAsa - chaganalAla chaganalAla - prANalAla metIlAla maganalAla ThAkaralAla emane IgrejI bhASAnuM jJAna na hatuM tathApi sujJa ane vidvAna kaI IgrejI sAthe mulAkAta levAnI IcchA rAkhatA. prathama bharUcamAM sadara adAlata hatI te vakhate tyAMno eka jaDaja mI. robarTa nAme hatotemanI mulAkAta emane thayelI, ane te emanI pAse hiMdustAnI bhASAnI suMdaradAsanI tathA dAdujI vagerenI vANI sAMbhaLavAne bahu zokha rAkhato hate. 12

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raNachoDadAsa gIradharabhAInuM janmacaritra vAraMvAra emane teDAvIne nAnA prakAranI vANI emanA mukhAraviMdathI sAMbhaLI khuzI thato ane te pote paNa yAda karavAne mATe zrama karate hato. e pote jyAre vRddha thayA tyAre pitAnA oraDAmAM nitya pitAnA putra tathA pautrone sAyaM samaya vItyA pachI sarvene besADI prAcIna itihAsa tathA saddabodha vANInA prasaMgathI nAnA prakAranI nItine ane satya dharmano upadeza karatA hatA. ghaNu graMthanI vANI emane mukhe rahetI hatI. have ApaNA mULa viSaya upara AvIe. raNachoDadAsane vidyAbhyAsane AraMbha thayo tyAre keLavaNunAM sAdhana kayAM hatAM te jaNAvavuM joIe. vANIAnA chokarA AThadasa varasanI uMmare gAmaThI mahetAjInI nizALe bhaNavA besatA, tyAM be traNa cAra varasanI mudata sudhImAM AMka, karka, nAmAM vagere zIkhatA. cAlatA koSTakanI dhAto ke zerI maNakA lekhAM thoDAM ghaNAM AvaDe. vAMcavAnAM pustaka to hoyaja zAnAM. azuddha lakhatAM zIkhe. e rIte keTaloka vakhata gumAvyA pachI paMdara soLa varasanI ummare koI zarApha ke mAraphatIAnI dukAne dAkhala thAya. tyAM keTalIka mudata lagI umedavArIthI kAma kare. nAmuM lakhavAnI samaja tathA tela bAradAna, vIAja gaNavAnI rIta, vaTAva, mudata kApavAnA hisAba vageremAM mAhItI meLavI huzIAra thAya te tenI lAyakI mujaba cha daza ke bAra rUpIAnuM varasAna jArI thAya. bahu kuzalatA prApta thAya te vIzeka varasanI umare gumAsta thAya. caDatAM caDatAM munIma ke kAlIdAra thAya. nokarI meLavanArane vAstu e upakrama hato. keTalAkanA bApa nestI gAMdhI vagerenI dukAna mAMDatA hoya te te dhaMdhAmAM paDe ne mAhItI meLave. vANIAI lakhANa eTale kAnA mAtrAnA ThekANA vagaranuM. je lakhANamAM kAnAmAtrAnuM ThekANuM nahi te pachI sva dIrgha ke jeDAkSara to temAM heyaja kyAMthI. evI sthitimAM AMka, hIsAba, lakhavuM, vAMcavuM, vagerene abhyAsa karI Asare paMdara soLa varasanI umare pitAnA pitAnA hAtha taLe raNachoDadAsa dukAnamAM rahyA. tyAM akSara sudhAravAnuM tathA nAmuM lakhAvavA vagerenuM jJAna meLavatAM cAra pAMca varasa lAgyAM. e mudatamAM emaNe dharma saMbaMdhI pustako, jevAM ke bhagavadgItA, viSNusahastranAma vagerene abhyAsa vimaLAnaMda svAmi tathA keI tevAja purUSonA hAtha taLe karelo jaNAya che. kemake emanAM hAthanAM lakhelAM saMskRta ke bhASAnAM pustaka ghaNuM jovAmAM 13

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI Ave che. dAdupaMthIbAvA amRtarAmajI tathA riddhirAmajIne samAgama e mudatamAM thavAthI hIMdustAnI bhASAnAM pustaka vAMcavA samajavAne sAro mahAvaro karavAmAM AvyA hatA. evA satasamAgamane lIdhe bALabodha lakhANuM sAruM ne zuddha prApta thayuM eTaluM ja nahIM paNa hIMdudharmAnI keTalIka ayogya rUDhIo parathI paNa temane tiraskAra AvavA lAgyo. e bAvA amRtarAmajIne emanA para ghaNo pyAra hato. kAraNa ke suMdaradAsajInI vANI eo ghaNI sArI rIte vAMcI samajatA hatA. e bAvAe patIkA aMtakALa samaye emanA mukhAraviMdathI vANI zravaNa karatAM karatAM temAM tallIna thaI potIke deha choDa hato. emanI ekavIza bAvIza varasanI uMmara thaI te veLA briTiza sarakArane uttara hiMdustAnamAM laDAIo cAlatI hatI. tethI te pakhAnuM vagere geruM lazkara bharUcamAM rahetuM hatuM. ne tethI keTalAka aMgrejone paNa bharUcamAM rAkhavAnI jarUra paDatI. sarakArI krIzrIana devaLa hatuM tenA rakSaNa sArU eka aMgareja mi. Takkara nAme rahete hato. asala te lazkaramAM hatuM paNa laDAInA kAma sArU nirbaLa paDavAthI sarakAre tene bharUcamAM rAkhelo hato. te mAsIka pagAra laI kaI aMgarejI bhaNavA cAhe te tene zIkhavato. raNachoDadAsane aMgarejI bhaNavAnI marajI thavAthI emanA pitAe mAstara Takkarane sepyA ne mAsIka lavAjama ApavA kabula karyuM. aMgarejI bhaNavanArane gujarAtI ke hIMdustAnI kaMija AvaDatuM nahotuM, topaNa mAthAkuTa karatAM aMgarejIne cheDe abhyAsa cAlyo. vAMcatAM AvaDyuM, lakhatAM AvaDayuM, paNa tarajumAnI bahu harakata paDatI. zikSakane ziSya beu cAlAka tethI te agharuM kAma paNa keTaleka daraje pAra paDayuM. mIstara Takara potAnA "vidyArthI para ghaNI mamatA rAkho. temAM vizeSe karI raNachoDadAsa upara aMgarejanA hAtha taLe zIkhavAthI aMgarejI bolavAno mahAvare emane ThIka thaye, eka vakhata muMbaInA lADa bISa5 kAra sAheba bharUcamAM devaLanI tapAsaNI karavA AvelA. te vakhate mIstara Takkare pitAnI kane aMgrejI bhaNanAra ziSyanI parIkSA levA bIja5 sAhebane vinaMtI karI. te parathI tapAsatAM temanI najaramAM raNachoDadAsanI cAlAkI sArI AvI. temaNe puchayuM ke tame muMbaI Avazo te sArI nokarI huM tamane apAvIza. temaNe pitAnA 14

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raNachoDadAsa gIradharabhAInuM janmacaritra tIrtharUpane puchI temanI AjJA meLavI sAhebane hA kahI. bIjapa sAheba gujarAtanI sarakITa purI karI pAchI muMbaI gayA tyAre e vAta karanala jaravIsane kahI ke gujarAtamAM bharUca zaheramAM eka aMgarejI bhaNelo tarUNuM puruSa ghaNe haziAra mArA jovAmAM Avyo che. tene je tamArA hAtha taLe keLavaNIkhAtuM che temAM rAkhaze te te ghaNo upayogI paDaze. khIDakInI laDAI thayA pachI ekalA pezavAnuM rAja aMgareja sarakArane svAdhIna thayuM te avasare muMbAi madhye eka maMDaLI sthApanA thaI. tene uddeza keLavaNI ApavAno tathA tene sArU sArAM lAyaka pustaka taiyAra karavAne hato. te parathI tenuM nAma Bombay Native Education and School Book Society-muMbaI hiMda nizALa tathA pustakamaMDaLI evuM pADayuM hatuM. teno vahIvaTa eka sarakArI lazkarI amaladAra jenuM nAma kayA paTana jaravIsa hatuM tene soMpavAmAM Avyo hato. sarakAra taraphathI paNa tene sAro Azraya maLato. evA kArakhAnAmAM AraMbhe lAyaka mANasonI jarUra hatI. muMbaImAM dakSiNa maMDaLamAMthI te yogya purUSo jaDI AvatA paNa gujarAtI mANase maLavA muzkela hatA. te vakhate lArDa bISapa kAra sAhebanI bhalAmaNa maMjura thai ne raNachoDadAsane bharUcathI bolAvavAno TharAva thayo. isavI sana 1825 mAM e khAtAmAM raNachoDadAsa joDAyA. te vakhata rU. 40) ne daramAya karyo hato. ne vATakharacI eTale bharUcathI muMbAI jatAM sudhIne kharaca tathA bharUcathI nIkaLyAne dIvasathI pagAra caDato. e vakhate dezI nizALane sArU pustake racavAnuM kAma cAlatuM hatuM te emane sepavAmAM AvyuM. marAThI tathA gujarAtI beu kAma sAthe cAlatAM hatAM. prathama varNa mALA taiyAra karavAmAM AvI. varNamALA eTale moTe akSare gujarAtI tathA bALabodha mULAkSaro kAgaLo para chApelA. a. A. ke. kAnA akSaro pachI bArAkhaDI pachI joDAkSara-pachI ekAkSarI zaba6, dviakSarI zabda vagere pAMca. che. sAta akSaranA zabdo, zabdanA artho, temaja gaNitakAma sArU aMka tathA rakama tathA sAdA saravALA bAdabAkI-guNAkAra -bhAgAkArabhAMjaNIne vividha saravALA bAdabAkI guNAkAra vagerenA kAgaLo taiyAra karI pATIo para ke lugaDAnA lAMbA paMkhA para caDI chokarAnI vaga AgaLa 15

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI te TAMgatA ne temAMthI zIkhavatA. e rIte keLavaNI ApavAnuM kAma te vakhatanA IglAMDamAM cAlatA lAkyAsTrIana dhoraNane anusarIne gujarAtamAM cAlatuM. varNamALAnA akSare ghaNuM sArA gaNAya che. haju paNa tene joDe maLI zakatuM nathI. e sivAya lipidhArA-bodhavacana-DADaslInI vAtoIsapanItinI sthAo, bALamitra-paMce pAkhyAna-bhUgoLa-khagoLa, vidyAnA uddeza lAbha ne saMtoSa vagere pustaka vAMcana kAmane sArU, tathA gaNitane sArU pUrNaka, apUrNAMka (hanakRta) tathA zikSA mALA bhAga-1 ane 2, kartavya bhUmiti vagere. e badhAM zALA-pustakamaMDaLI taraphathI taiyAra thatAM hatAM temAM raNachoDadAsanI madada levAmAM AvI. paNa dakSiNa tathA gujarAtamA dezI nizALa sthApana karavAnuM sarakAre vadhAre agatyanuM jANI tene sArU mahetAjIo thavAne yogya mANase zodhI kADhavAnuM tathA temane jaNAvI taiyAra karavAnuM kAma raNachoDadAsane mAthe paDayuM. tethI thoDI mudatamAM muMbaIthI temane pAchA gujarAtanI musApharIe mokalyA. amadAvAda, surata vagere ThekANe pharIne tathA muMbaImAMthIja keTalAka mANase zodhI kahADayA. prathama surata bharUca ne amadAvAdane sArU cha mANase taiyAra thayA. temanI sAthe jaI te zaheramAM nizALe AraMbha karyo. sarakArI nizALo sthApana karavI ne temAM bhaNanArA Ave evI rIte kAma karavuM e te vakhatamAM AjanA jevuM saheluM nahotuM. gAmaDI mahetAenuM jora, bhaNatarano prakAra cAlu rivAjathI judo, lokane Dara ke sarakAra amArA chokarAne bhaNAvIne lazkaramAM rAkhaze ke vaTalAvaze vagere aneka vine hatAM. te khaseDI nizALe AbAda karavI e saheluM kAma nahatuM. mATe te kAraNathI raNachoDadAsane e zaheramAM kAMIka mudata gALavI paDelI. sArA sArA lokone samajAvI temanA chokarA nizALamAM dAkhala karAvyA. evI rIte kAma karyA pachI pAchA muMbaI jaI bIjA mahetAjIe taiyAra karI kasbAomAM nizALe kahaDAvI. jevA ke erapADa-kAlIAvADI-valasADabagavADI-aMkalezvara-jaMbusara-Amoda-naDIAda vagere moTA kasbAomAM nizALe sthApanA thaI. gujarAtamAM Azare vIseka nizALo thaI tyAre sarakAre raNachoDadAsane gujarAtanI nizALanA InspekTara evo eho ApI rU. 80) ne dara mAse pagAra karI gujarAta khAte mokalyA. nizALo AbAda hAlatamAM AvatAM ghaNI mudata gaI. 16

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raNachoDadAsa gIradharabhAinuM janmacaritra e nizALakhAtuM sarakAre prathama dareka brhmAnA kalekTarAnA tAbAmAM sAMpeluM, te badhA vahIvaTa kare, pagAra Ape ane dekharekha rAkhe. keTalAMka varasa pachI eveA rAva karavAmAM Avye ke muMbaInI sadara adAlata (eTale hAlanI hAIkAraTa) nA eka jaDaja sarakITa upara nIkaLatA temaNe e nizALenI vArSika parIkSA levI, eTale te jaDaja sAheba jyAre gujarAtamAM padhAre tyAre temanI sAthe rahI nizALAnI parIkSA karavI. te bAbatane riporTa te jaDaja sarakAramAM dara varase karatA, evuM sana 1834-35 sudhI kAma cAlyuM. eka vakhata jgarIna sAheba nAme sarakITa jaDaja AvyA temaNe bhUgoLa-khagoLa vize keTalAka savAlA jIllAnI nizALAmAM pUchyA. chekarAne na AvaDavAthI tenA mahetAjIne pUchyA, paNa te vakhata bhUgoLa ke nakazA kAMI ja nizALamAM na heAvAthI te abhyAsa cAlatA nahIM, eTale mahetAjIne paNa na AvaDayuM, mATe te sAhebe sarakAramAM ripoTa karI melye ke mAstarAne vidyA saMbaMdhI viSayAnuM jJAna kAMI che nahIM mATe temane muMbAI khelAvI bhaNAvavA joie, ane te viSayAnuM jJAna ApavuM joI e. te uparathI sarakAre caDate pagAre tamAma mahetAjIene gujarAtamAMthI muMbAi meAkalI bhUgALa, vyAkaraNa, gaNita viSayamAM khIjagaNita-bhUmiti, trikANamiti vagerenA abhyAsa karavAnI gAThavaNa karI, ne te kAraNasara sana 1836 mAM raheADadAsane pAchuM muMbai javuM paDeluM; temaNe sadhaLA mahetAjIne abhyAsa karAvI parIkSAmAM pasAra thayA temane pAchA peAtAnI jagApara mAkalyA. khIjA rahelA mAstarA paNa peAtAnA abhyAsa bIjA me mAsamAM purA karI pAsa thai pAchA peAtAnI jagApara gayA, eTale sane 1837 mAM raNachoDadAsane muMbaithI gujarAta khAte pAchuM javAnuM thayuM. sane 1840mAM sarakAre keLavaNIkhAtAnI eka kArebArI maMDaLI sthApIne prathamanI mubainI ' neTIva nizALa pustakamaMDaLI' rada karI. temAM traNa yureApIana te traNa neTIva rAkhavAmAM AvyA. ne tene vahIvaTa karavAne eka pagAradAra sekreTarI TharAvyeA. e sabhAnuM nAma 'eraDa epha ejyukezana' ApyuM, eTale kalekTaranA tAbAmAMthI nizALenuM kAma kahADI vaDI sarakAre kheraDa epha ejyukezanane sAMpyuM, tethI raheADadAsane temanA hukama mujaba varatavAnuM thayuM. e raDe navA niyamA karAvyA, navI nizALA 17 8

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI kADhavAne niyamo TharAvyA, nizALomAM phI dAkhala karI-e vagere ghaNo pheraphAra karyo. boraDe gujarAtI keLavaNInI sAthe aMgarejI keLavaNI ApavAnI zALAo paNa kAhArI. sarakAra amuka rakama Ape temAMthI tathA lokanI AturatA hoya to tathA makAna-kaMTIjaTa TharAvelI phI eTaluM Ape te boraDa gujarAtI tathA aMgarejI skUlo sthApana karatI. te boraDanA hAthamAM kArabhAra AvyAthI keLavaNIne prasAra vadhAre thavA lAge. pustaka racanArane uttejana maLavA lAgyuM eTale ItihAsa-bhUgoLa-vyAkaraNa-vagere navAM navAM pustaka thaI bahAra paDavA lAgyAM. nakazAnuM pustaka taiyAra thayuM. eTale keLavaNIno pracAra ghaNe thavA lAge, eTale vadhAre zikSakono khapa jAgyo. tethI muMbaImAM marAThI ane gujarAtI evA be noramala kalAsa kADhayA. pAMca rUpIAne pagAra vidyArthIone sarakArathI maLatuM ne rahevAnuM sthaLa. e kalAsa sana 1845 mAM sthApana thayo mATe bAraDe raNachoDadAsane pAchA muMbAI teDAvyA ne neramala kalAsanA suparITenDanTa bALagaMgAdhara zAstrI hatA temanA hAtha taLe madadagAra banAvyA. boraDa opha ejyukezana sthApana thayA pachI eTale sana 184ramAM prophesara eralIbAra sAhebane gujarAtanI nizALonI parIkSA levAne sarakAre TharAvyA. temaNe gujarAtanI nizALo tapAsavAnuM zarU karyuM. te veLA raNachoDadAsane sAthe rAkhI teo amadAvAda, kheDA, bharUca, ne surata jIllAnI tamAma nizALanI parIkSA lai muMbaI gayA. tyArabAda sana 1840 thI gujarAta khAte eka suparInTenDanTa nImAyo, ne te jagA prathama mAstara oralIbArane maLI. paNa te temane anukULa na paDavAthI thoDI mudatamAM rAjInAmuM temaNe ApyuM. eTale prophesara hArakenasanI nImaNuMka thaI. temanA hAtha nIce eka pacIsa rU. pagAranA kArakuna ane gujarAtanA inspekaTara raNachoDadAsane seyA. emane hastaka be kAma hatAM. eTale elaphansTana kolejamAM bhaNAvavAnuM temaja ziALInI mosamamAM gujarAtanI nizALonI parIkSA levAnuM. raNachoDadAsane gujarAtamAM ja rahevAnuM hatuM. heDakvArTara bharUca ke surata jyAM phAve tyAM kare. suparInTenDanTane pagAra rU. 100) tathA musApharI nIkaLe tyAre je kharaca thAya te ApatA, eTale gADI tathA gADAnuM bhADuM. e pramANe sana 1845 lagI kArobAra cAlyo ne vadhAre mAstarono khapa paDavAthI neramala kalAsa sarakAre muMbaImAM kAhADI tyAre tyAM-muMbaImAM-bhaNAvAnA kAma para emane javuM paDayuM.

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raNachoDadAsa gIradharabhAInuM janmacaritra prophesara hArakanesanA vakhatamAM raNachoDadAse keTalAMka pustaka racyAM hatAM? hiMdustAnano itihAsa, brITIza IDIA vAMcana pAThamALA vagere. sane 1845nA junathI sane 1848 nA Disembara lagI muMbAImAM rahyA pachI raNachoDadAsane surata javAnI jarUra paDI. kemake prophesara hArakanese suparITenDanTanA kAmanuM rAjInAmuM ApavAthI te kAma suratanI aMgarejI skulanA heDamAstara mIstara grInane soMpavAmAM AvyuM, ane te sAhebe boraDa pAse bIjA mANasanI madada mAgavAthI boraDe raNachoDadAsane pAchA pitAnI asala jagApara mokalyA. muMbaIno noramala kalAsa paNa samApta thavA Avyo hato. pAsa thayelA vidyArthIone mahetAjInI jagAe maLI hatI. mIsTara grInanA hAtha taLe kAma karatAM keTalIka aDacaNa paDelI kharI. duragArAma maMchArAma surata AMka 1nA mehetAjI grIna sAhebanI prItinA pAtra thayA hatA, ne te sAhebane baraDa pAse mANasa mAgavAnI jarUra e mahetAjIne ispekaTara banAvavAnA uddezathIja hatI. grIna sAheba AgaLa duragArAmaneja kArabhAra. navI nizALe kADhavI. tenA mehatAjI nImavA, mehatAjIonI phera badalI karavI vagere badhuM kAma mehatAjInI salAhathIja cAlatuM. kharA InspekaTaranI salAha te bIlakula levAmAM Ave ja nahIM. paNa e anyAya ghaNA dIvasa cAlyA nahIM, kemake prophesara tArakanesa rajApara vilAyata javAthI te jagA khAlI paDI te boraDe mIstara cInane ApI ane tenI jagA para mIstara grehAmane surata aMgarejI skulanA heDamAstara ane gujarAtI nizALonA suparITenDanTa nImyA. temanA hAthatane anyAya dUra thaye. duragArAmane kArabhAra ghaTaye, ne raNachoDadAsanI salAha mujaba kAma cAlavA lAgyuM. e vakhate raNachoDadAsanuM sthAyI rahevuM suratamAM ja thatuM. suratamAM sana 1852 mAM raNachoDadAse pitAnI jagA choDI, kAraNa boraDe ispekTaranI jagAo kAhADI nAkhavAno TharAva karyo. dravya saMkocane lIdhe ema karavAnI beraDane jarUra paDI hatI. nizALonI tapAsa rAkhavAne suparITenDanTa tathA tenA kArakune basa hatA. e vakhate keLavaNI khAtAvALAne penazanano dhAre sarakAre lAgu na karelo tethI bakSIsa dAkhala rakama ApavAmAM AvatI, te mujaba sarakAre raNachoDadAsane rU. 1440) eTale aThAra mAsano pagAra Aye. 19

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI nokarI choDayA pachI e purUSe pitAnI jIMdagI paropakArI kAmamAM kADhI hatI. myunIsIpAla kamIzanara sarakAre nImavAthI te kAmamAM ghaNI cAlAkIthI pitapotAnuM kAma bajAveluM. mIstara karaTIsa amadAvAda hAIskUlanA mAstara tathA gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAITInA sekreTarI hatA temanI salAhathI keTalAMka pustakanuM bhASAMtara e sabhAne vAste kareluM ane te sesAiTIe chapAvI prasiddha karelAM. e graMthonAM nAma -masara dezano ItihAsa, prAcIna grIsa dezano itihAsa, bAbIlona tathA AsurI dezane itihAsa, romanAM rAjyano ItihAsa e pustake asala mareThImAM meDama valasane karelAM tenAM gujarAtI bhASAMtara raNachoDadAse saMsAITIne karI ApelAM paNa te badala kaMI rakama sosAITI pAse lIdhelI nahIM. zerasaTAno vakhata sana 1861-62mAM Avyo. rUne pAka amerikAmAM kharAba thavAthI tathA laDAI cAlavAthI tyAMno rU IglAMDane maLI zakyo nahi. eTale hiMdustAnanA rUne bhAva pAMca cha gaNo thaI gayo ne hiMdustAnamAM vilAyatanA rUnI rela AvI; eTale vepArIo puSkaLa kamAyA ne meLaveluM dravya sAre mArage kharacavA lAgyA. te pramANe muMbAInA nAmAMkita vepArI premacaMda rAyacaMde bharUcanI lAyabrerIne puSkaLa nANAMnI madada karI temaja kanyAzALA hIMduone vAte sthApanA karI. baMne kAma bharUcamAM navAM nIkaLyAM tene sudhAravA tathA kAyama pAyA para mukavA raNachoDadAsane hAtha AvyuM. temAM potAnI vRddhAvasthA thatAM paNa ghaNo zrama karI lAyabrerIne sArU sArAM umadA pustako kharIda karavAnuM tathA tenI vargavArI karavAmAM potAne ghaNe vakhata kahADyo. kanyAzALA paNa sthApana thaI temAM lokone baMdha dai chokarIo bhaNavA Ave e ghaNo udyoga karyo ne tema thatAM temanI mahenata saphaLa thaI ne te zALA sArI sthitimAM che. e zALAne je rUpIA zeTha premacaMda taraphathI maLelA temAM keTalAka umere karI eka makAna kharIda karI lIdhuM. e makAna zaheranI sArI vastIne madhyabhAge che, ne sArI majabuta bAMdhaNInuM che. sana 185ra nI Akhare nokarI mukyA pachI jhAjha vakhata emaNe pravAsa karavAmAM kADhayo nathI. eka vakhata pitAnA mitranA kAmanA arthe muMbAI thANA vagere sthaLe pharavA gaelA, temaja eka vakhata potAnA pautrone sAthe laI muMbAInI zebhA dekhADavA sArU pravAsa karelo.

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raNachoDadAsa gIradharabhAinuM janmacaritra sane 1873mAM ogaSTa mAsanI tA. 23mIe saheja maMdavADa bhogavI e maraNa pAmyA. cha divasa pathArImAM paDI rahelA eTale gokaLa AThamane divase AjArI paDayA ne bhAdaravA suda 1 ne roja aMtakALa Avyo tyAM sudhI sArI sAvacetImAM hatA. amara AtmAe emanA dehane tyAga rAtrIe ekAda vAgatAne sumAre karyo, tenA bAra kalAka agAu sAvadhapaNuM sAruM hatuM. te vakhate potAnA putrone kahyuM ke mAruM maraNa sAcavaje eTale kahevAno bhAvArtha e ke, lokarUDhi pramANe maraNakALe jhaTapaTa navaDAvI bhoMya coka karI suvADe che tema mane na thAya, paNa svastha citte mane mArA bIchAnA para rahevA deje. lokavyavahAra pramANe aMtakALanuM punyadAna svasthatAthI zuddhimAM ja kareluM. e purUSa zarIre Arogya maratAM sudhI rahyA. evuM e jAte kahetA ke pacAsa varasanI uMmara lagI mAre koI vAra paNa julAbanI davA pIvI paDI nathI. e phaLa mitAhAra karavAthI tathA pratyeka divase savArasAMja vyAyAma levAthI tathA niyamitakALe khAvA pIvA tathA suvAnI kriyA sAcavavAthI maLe che, temaja emane paNa thaeluM. emanI dInacaryA tathA rAtrIcaryA ghaNIja yogya ane nIyamita hatI. savAramAM pAMca cha vAge uThavAno samaya te pramANe uThIne daMtadhAvana karI bahAra nIkaLavuM, ratana taLAvane kAMThe nAraNalAla bAvAnA maThamAM niyamita jatA. e maThane emanoja Azraya hate. te medAnanI jagAmAM agara maThamAM jaI tyAM pitAnAM dhotI vagere svahaste kuvAmAMthI pANI kAhADI dhovAM pachI zItaLa jaLe snAna karI AThane sumAre ghera AvI cAha pIdhA pachI deva sevA pitAne hAthe karatA. lAyabrerImAM javuM, tyAM pustako vartamAnapatro vagere vAMcavAM ne bArane sumAre ghera AvI bhojana karI be kalAka ArAma laI vAMcavA lakhavA vagerenuM kAma hoya te karavuM, ne sAMje pAMca cha vAge pAchuM pharavA nIkaLavuM. te mAIla doDha benI musApharI karI ghera ATha nava vAge AvI nava ne dazanI vacce vALu karI, dharma saMbaMdhI agara bIjo koI viSayanAM pustaka vAMcI agiAra bArane sumAre zayana karavuM. e pramANe pitAnI taMdurastI sAcavatA. kade uMcA, zarIre pracaMDa, mukhAraviMda bhaLakatuM, AMkhanA DoLA cakacakIta, paNa jarA moTA, ajANyA mANasane bhayaMkara lAge paNa vastutaH tema nahIM, kemake svabhAva ghaNe dayALu hate. pizAka sAdo paNa svaccha paheratA hatA.

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI svabhAve dayALu ne mAyALa, nyAyI, pramANika, saMtoSI, khoTA ADaMbarane tiraskAra karanAra, buddhImAna, vicakSaNa, nispRhI, satyavacana vadanAra, paropakArI pitRbhaktibhAvanAvALA hatA. A pratyeka guNa vize vadhAre vivecana na karatAM eTaluM ja kahevuM ghaTIta che ke dayA prIti vAjabIpaNuM ane pramANikapaNuM e guNone lIdhe lAMbI mudata sarakArI nokarI karavA chatAM paNa kadI ThapakApAtra e purUSa thayA nathI. tAbAnAM mANase temaja jenI sAthe samAgama thaelo te badhA emanA para ghaNuMja heta rAkhatA. e pyAra meLavavAne upalA guNanI AvazyakatA che ja. emanA uparI sAheba loke je ghaNA ugra svabhAvanA gRhastha hatA- jevA ke karanala jarIsa, ane DAktara hArakane te paNa emanA kAmathI rAjI thatA tathA emanI bhalAmaNa mAnya rAkhatA. je pramANikapaNuM na hoya to te leke pata kare nahi. saMteSaguNanuM pradarazana seheja dIThAmAM Ave che. keTalAka mitronI tathA potAnA pitAnI sUcanA chatAM paNa vadhAre pagAra meLavavA prayatna karelo nahIM. e vakhatamAM emanA jeTalI vidvattAvALA purUSo aMgareja sarakArane besate amale sArI paddhInI ne pagAranI jagA seheja meLavI zake te chatAM cALIzanA pagArathI vadhIne eMsI maLyA ke temAMja AnaMda pAmI nekarI muktAM lagI pitAnuM kAma niravine bajAvyuM. e banavAnuM kAraNa kadApi evuM hoya ke svataMtratAnI sAthe e nokarImAM prapaMca bhAva karavo na paDe evuM hatuM tethI paNa e jagA para rahyA hoya. game tema hoya paNa e parathI eTaluM te siddha thAya che ke e phaLa saguNonuM che. vidyA saMpAdana ghaNe zrame karI hatI. pote hiMdustAnI eTale purabI bhASA sArI samajatA. dAdupathI sAdhuonA graMthe ghaNI sArI rIte vAMcIne samajI zakatA. uradu phArasInuM paNa kIMcIta jJAna sArA munazI molavInI sebatathI maLeluM. muMbaI gayA pachI marAThI bhASAne abhyAsa sAro thayo ne ghaNAM pustakonuM bhASAMtara gujarAtImAM karyuM. aMgarejI bhASAnAM mULatatva bharUcamAM saMpAdana karyA pachI muMbaImAM aMgareja gRhasthanA samAgamathI temaja sArA vidvAna neTIva gRhastha jevA ke harI kezavajI, kAzInAtha chanA sahavAsathI jJAna vadheluM temaja aMkagaNita, bIjagaNita, bhUmiti vagerene paNa sAro abhyAsa karelo jaNAya che, kAraNa hanakRta aMkagaNita

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raNachoDadAsa gIradharabhAInuM janmacaritra tathA bIjagaNita lakhyA pachI yaMgakRta bIjagaNitanAM samIkaraNanAM maneyatna jAti karatA jaNAyA hatA. te vakhatanAM rasAyanazAstra tathA siddhapadArtha vijJAnanuM jJAna ghaNuM sAruM hatuM. bhASA temaja gaNitamAM sArI mAhItI meLavI hatI. dezI rAganI parIkSA ghaNI sArI hatI. dharma saMbaMdhI vicAra: lokarUDhI pramANe mUrtipUjA karatA. ghera ThAkorajInI sevA hatI te roja jAte karatAM paNa te saMbaMdhI vicAra sudharelA hatA, eTale eka Izvarane mAnanArA, jAdu jaMtra maMtra taMtrane dhIkAratA ne khoTuM mAnatA. suratamAM duragArAma mahetAjIe jyAre jAdu khoTuM che, keTalIka rUDhIe ghaNuM beTI che vagere batAvavAnA saMbaMdhamAM mAnavadharmasabhA sthApanA karI hatI te veLAe temAM e jAte AgevAnI dharAvatA te sabhAmAM jatA ne vAdavivAdamAM ghaNo bhAga letA. suratamAM prathama zilAchApa kADhavAmAM, pustaka prasAraka maMDaLI sana 18[ ] mAM sthApana thaI temAM paNa e eka bhAgIA hatA. ne saghaLI vAtanI sujha pADatA. suratamAM e vakhata pAMca sudhArAnA agresara gaNAtA. eTale dInamaNIzaMkara, duragArAma, dAdobA, dolatarAma ne dAmodaradAsa e pAMcanI TaLI hatI; paNa temane aMdarakhAnethI sujha samaja ApanAra raNachoDadAsa hatA. jAte kamasukana hovAthI bhASaNa karavAmAM AgevAna thatA nahi paNa aMdarakhAnethI sArA vicAra batAvatA tathA madada ApatA. suratamAM jema vidyAmaMDaLamAM AgevAnI dharAvatA temaja muMbaImAM paNa prathama jJAnaprasAraka sana 1848mAM sthApana thaI, temAM raNachoDadAsa pahelA pramukha thayA hatA. mohanalAla raNachoDadAsa [ saMpAdakaH kRSNalAla mohanalAla jhaverI.] mahArA murabbI kAkA rA. manamohanadAsa raNachoDadAsa jeDe A jIvanacaritranA viSaya saMbaMdhI hAre vAtacIta thatAM hemanuM kahevuM evuM thaeluM ke A mujaba kAMI nahi te saMkSiptarUpe paNa mahArA pUjya dAdAnuM caritra lakhavAno pahelo vicAra mahArA pitAnA magajamAM mUkanAra svargastha rA. jhaverIlAlabhAI umIyAzaMkara yAjJika hatA. muMbaImAM jyAre sana 1889mAM koMgresane samaye hArA pitA AvelA tyAre rA. jhaverIlAlabhAI joDe hemane upara mujaba vAtacIta thayelI. gujarAtanI keLavaNInA pitA tarIke rA. raNachoDadAsanuM nAma haju gujarAtamAM prasiddha che. e keLavaNIne pAye 23

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI .:: emanI kRtio :: Isapa nItinI vAta. hiMdustAnane itihAsa. bIjagaNita. vAcana pAThamALA. brITIza IDIA. pariziSTa 1 | [ raNachoDadAsanI zailInA namunA nIce ApyA che. ] "teNe nIti batalAvavA sArU je vAto jeoi hati, teo upara henA muA pachI lokonI prIti vattI vastI thatI gaI ane bALakone sadAcaraNane mArga lagADavA sArU te vAtano phelAva ghaNe thate gaye. AgaLa ghaNeka varase, AthensanA lekeye je vAre pelA sapta mahA jJAninAM putaLAM karIne sthApyAM, te vAre temanI sAthe IsApanuM paNa putaLuM karIne sarvanI AgaLa hokhare besADayuM e uparathI henI keTalI pratiSThA thaI e sApha jaNAya che." "isApano vRttAMta" IsApe e vAta grIka bhASAmAM raciye, pachI te bhASAmAMthI ghaNI bhASAomAM teonAM bhASAMtaro thayAM, temAMthI marAThI bolImAM thai, te uparathI gujarAtI bolImAM ene tarajume thayo." "isApane vRttAMta" bhASAMtaranI zelI. pite sarva aMge suMdara nathI, tethI striyAye kheda karavo nahI. khoDale avayava che te ja vakhate teonA pativratapaNAnA rakSaNa vize kAma lAge che, te suMdara avayava lAgatuM nathI. pativratapaNuM striono prANa che, te jene nathI hotuM te pretanA jevi jANavi." "IsApanItinI vAte." nAMkhatAM zI zI rItanI muzkelIo paDelI, tene kAMIka aMze ApaNaneeTale te keLavaNInuM phaLa bhogavanArane-je citAra maLe che te rA. jhaverIlAlabhAInI sUcanAnuM phaLa che, e jANI dareka gujarAtIne AnaMda thayA vagara raheze nahi. ku, mo, jha,

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raNachoDadAsa gIradharabhAInuM janmacaritra pariziSTa ra [ amArA marahuma kAkA duvArakAdAsa goradhanadAse amArA kuTuMba saMbaMdhI keTaluMka TAMcaNa kareluM te amArA bhAi brijamAhanalAla harakIsanadAsanI saujanyatAthI prApta thayuM che, te ahIM marahumanI peAtAnI bhASA ane zabdomAMja pheraphAra sivAya dAkhala karyuM cheH-] jIvaNadAsanA bApanu nAma dAma mAlama paDatuM nathI paNa hemanAthI cethI athavA pAMcamI peheDIe veNIdAza karIne hatA jevA jhaverIne dhA karatA te meAhADAzAmAM rahIne pATaNamAM dhaMdhA karatA pachI pATaNamAM dhaMdhA karavAnI ramuja nahI rehevAthI amadAvAdamAM AvelA te prathama kANu ane kyAre AveluM te barAbara mAlama paDatuM nathI paNa jIvaNadAza zane 1733 thI te zane 1737 sudhImAM amadAvAdamAM gAekavADa zarakAranA kArabhAramAM hatA. mAjI rAjAne dravyaza'graha karavAne ghaNA khatI rahetA hatA tethI je nAkarAthI ghaNA dravyanI prAptI thatI tenA upara zarakAranI meherabAnI rahetI te te nokarImAM kAyama rahI zakatAM. te mujaba jIvaNadAzane karavuM paDatuM tethI ghaNA megunegArA vagara inazAphe dhoLe dAhADe zarakAranA daDathI luTAtAM tethI dhaNI raI eta e jIvaNadAza upara nahI rAjI hatI. e arazAmAM eka bhATaNa upara khoTu teAmata mukavAmAM AvuM tethI zadhalA bhATAe e dAzane mArI lAkhavAne humalA kareA te vakhate gAyakavADa zarakAre e vaNadAzane chupAvIne ratAvAi nazADI mukA. e vakhate jIvaNadAzanI Umara Azare varaza AgapacAza pacAzanI hatI temane e vakhate eka cheAkarA nAme meArAradAza Azare varaza bAvIza tevIzanI UmaranA hatA. jIvaNudAza nAhAzIne kAhA chupAi rahayA ne kyAre mRtyu thaLe te mAlama paDatuM nathI paNa dukhane lIdhe e IA traNa varazamAM marI gaA. meArAradAza potAnI strI zAthe zane 1739mAM bharUca AvA tAra pachI tarata ekAda varazamAM eka chekarA nAme bhagatIdAza karIne thayeA tArapachI cAra che|karI e thaelI. dezavaTA laI ne AvelA tethI ghaNI garIbI hAlatamAM hatA tApaNu svabhAve zArA ane guNavAna hatA. kulavAna jANIne bharUcanA meTA vatanadAra bhAIdAzabhAI e peAtAnI cheAkarInu lagana bhagatIdAzanI sAthe kIdhuM. e chokarI page kheADavAlI hatI ane bhagatIdAza garIbI hAlatamAM hatA 25

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI tethI kAma karavAne eka cAkaraDI ApelI hatI. A arazAmAM A jIllAmAM varasAda nahI paDavAthI dukAlanI asara thaelI tethI garImAne anAja ApavA zArUM bhukhaNubhAI e anAjanA kAThAra bharAvelA te upara bhagatIdAzane nAkara rAkhelA te vakhate hemanI garIbI chatAM peAtAne gherathI je eka be muThI anAja banI AvatuM te koThAramAM nAkhatAM evI tarehanI dharamanI nIskA joI tethI lalubhAInA pyAra hemanA upara dhaNA thayA ane bhAratIonI dukAnanA munIma karA. valI e vakhatamAM bharUca zeheranA mehADa vANIAnI nAtanA vahIvaMcA AvelA te khabara lallubhAI ne thavAthI te lokonA daphtarA khAlI lakhAvI te leAkeAne kAhADI mukelA tenu kAraNa paNa eja ke jo jIvaNadAzanA vaza jIvatA che ema mAlama paDe te amadAvAdanA bhATA AvI tophAna karaze. have lalubhAInA mAzI te bhukhaNabhAinAM kheDana je ke bhagatIdAsa sAthe paraNelAM te nAdhalI vayamAM eTale zAla zatara vara sanI vayamAM maraNa pAmyAM tethI bhagatIdAza pharIthI eka dhanakAra nAmanI kanyA sAthe paraNA jene peTe sane 1773 mAM kakubhAi zane 1777 mAM gIradharabhAi sane 1780 mAM ichA khehena zane 1784 mAM parabhudAza sane 1789 mAM vIjabhukhaNadAza zane 1794 mAM maneArabhAI maLI pAMca karA ne eka chekarI thaI kharA kharabacaravAla thayA paNa e arazAmAM meTA chekarA *kubhAi tA. gIradharabhAi AvI malA tethI kharacanI pIkara ochI thatI cAlI. 26

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rA. bA. mohanalAlabhAI raNachoDadAsa jhaverIne Atmakathana rabA, mehanalAlabhAI raNachoDadAsa jhaverInuM AtmakathA bhAre janma saM. 1884 nA caItara mAsamAM suda 14 vAra zanI (maMda vAsare) thayo. te vakhata zAlIvAhana zaka 1750 tathA aMgrejI sana 1828 nA mArcanI tArIkha 31 mI hatI. mArA janma mAnA mosALamAM potAnI kAkInA gharamAM thayo hato. kAraNa mArI mAtozrInA bApa vicitra vartaNukanA hovAthI pitAno gharasaMsAra calAvI zakelA nahIM. potAnI bahenanA gharamAM rahI dIvasa nirgamana karatA. mArI mAnI mA chavakAranAM kAkI sadAmA (jene jamA kahIne bolAvatA te) naMdakIzorabhAI bhagavAnabhAI bhajemudAranI khaDakImAM, gIro rAkhelAM gharamAM rahetAM hatAM. asala temanA dhaNI vagere ghaNI sArI hAlatamAM hatA tathA temanI moTI havelI TAMkA kuvAvALI temanA gharanI seDeja hatI. te paDI gaI tathA te kuTuMba ghaNI garIba sthitimAM AvI gayuM hatuM. jemAnuM paherA paMcamahAlamAM vejalapura gAmamAM hatuM. te ghaNAM vRddha hatAM, paNa aMge tathA mane sudaDha hatAM, temaNe potAnI bhatrIjIne pitAne ghera rAkhI tenAM chokarAMnuM poSaNa kareluM. mArA mAmAne sArI keLavaNuM ApI sarakArI nAmuM tathA zuddha sAruM lakhANa karatAM zIkhavADIne adAlatamAM jatA AvatA karyA hatA. temaNe pArasI vakIla zerIArajI (sadara adAlatanA vakIla) tathA temanA bhAI bamanazA vakIlane tyAM vANotara mahetAnuM kAma karI sArI saMpatti meLavI hatI. je gharamAM mAro janma thaye te gharamAM be oraDA hatA; eka parasAla ne bIjI rAMdhaNI. temAM ajavALuM tathA havA AvavA javAnI ghaNI ja naThArI goThavaNa hatI. ekaja bAraNuM AgaLa parasALamAM ne agAzInuM eka jALIuM pAchalI rAMdhaNunA oraDAmAM. gharamAM zaradI puSkaLa hatI-suvAvaDakhAtuM paNa parasAlanA eka pAsA para. evA gharamAM ucharI huM meTe thayela. evI kai jagA hatI, paNa huM daza varasanI uMmarano thayo tyAM lagI mane temAM ja rahevAnuM gamatuM. mArAM jamA tathA mArI bA (mAnI mA) tathA dhIraja mAsI, eka DesI pADozaNa jAtanI kAyatha hatI te saghaLAne mArA para atizaya prema hato. | mArA pitAne muMbaInI karI hatI eTale mane bApane gherana gamatAM mosALaja rahevuM pasaMda paDatuM. huM pAMca varasane thaye tyAM lagI mosALamAM uryo ne te phaLIAmAM ja mAre ghaNuM oLakhANa tyAMnA pADozInA 27

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI chokarA joDe ramavA karavAnuM thatuM, mAre bacapaNane dasta AdItarAma nathurAma hatA. pAMca varasa purA thayA pachI mArA mAmA mane sarakArI gujarAtI nizALe besADI AvyA. mArA mahetAjI mukuMdarAma AzArAma karIne tALA brAhmaNa hatA. temanI nizALa mArA mosALanA phaLIAnI najIkamAMja hatI, eTale mane bhaNavA javAnuM ghaNuM saraLa hatuM. te vakhata sarakArI nizALa zaheramAM AvyAne ATha varasa thayAM hatAM. zikSaNa paddhati gAmaThI nizALo karatAM judI hovAthI lokane vicitra lAgatuM. mArA mAmA tathA mArA kAkA jagannAtha paNa eja mahetAjInA hAtha taLe zIkhelA. prathama varNamALA zIkhavatA eTale zuM A Adi soLa svara ane 4 4 Adi chatrIsa vyaMjanathI AraMbha thato. te zIkhavAnAM sAdhana ghaNuM sArAM hatAM eTale meTA suzobhita akSara kAgaLa para chApelA ne te pATI para caDelA. varganI sanmukha mukI te parathI bolatAM tathA lakhatAM zikSake zIkhavatA. zIkSake eTale pagAradAra bhaNAvanArA nahIM, paNa upalA varganA vaDA nizALIA vArApharatI bhaNAvatA. te vakhate sleTe maLatI nahotI mATe pATI para saphetAnA pANI vaDe lakhatA. ghaNI gamata sAthe bAvana akSara AvaDyA eTale mahetAjIe amArA varganI parIkSA laI mane upalA vargamAM mukyo. tyAM bArAkhaDI zIkhavAnI AvI. tenA paNa upara pramANeja bhavya akSara chApelA kAgaLo pATI para caDelA ne ghaDI para TAMgelA hatA. chatrIsa vyaMjananI bArAkhaDI zIkhI parIkSA ApI huM upalA vargamAM caDe eTale joDAkSara, pachI ekAkSarI, be akSaranA, traNa akSaranA evA sAta akSaranA zabdo lagI bhaNavAnuM kAma cAlyuM. sAta akSaranA zabdo vAMcatAM lakhatAM zIkhavyA pachI zabdonA artho zIkhavatA, AvI rIte varNamALA purI thAya eTale copaDI levAno vakhata nizALIAne Avate-te copaDInuM nAma lIdhIdhArA-je badhA vargo tathA zabdo moTA kAgaLa para chApelA hatA te badhA jhINe akSare copaDImAM chApelA ne tenI sAthe keTalIka nAnI nAnI vArtAo hatI te vAMcatAM zIkhavuM paDatuM. sArI vAMcanazakti AvavAne nAnA chokarAne be varasa lAge. ' upalo krama savAranA zikSaNane kahevAya. e zIkSaNamAM be lIpI cAlatI, bALabodha (eTale devanAgarI) tathA gujarAtI. bapora pachInA 28

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rA. bA. mohanalAlabhAI raNachoDadAsa jhaverInuM Atmakathane abhyAsanA kramamAM AMka tathA gaNita cAlatuM. AMka vadhAre cAlatA nahIM, kAraNa te vakhate e rIvAja cAlu hato ke AMka dhAto gujarAtI gAmaThI nizALe bhaNIne vidyArthIo AvatA. mATe mahetAjI AMkapara ghaNuMja thoDuM lakSa ApI, saMkhyA parimANa calAvatA-AMkane vAste gherathI bhaNI gayAnI cIThI lAve eTale mahetAjI saMtoSa pAme. e kAma mane ghaNuM ja agharuM paDayuM; kemake meM AraMbhe gAmaThI nizALe na bhaNatAM mArI keLavaNInI zarUAta sarakArI nizALe karI hatI. saMkhyA parimANa zIkhe. saravALA-bAdabAkI te sahelAM paDyAM paNa guNAkAra bhAgAkAramAM vadhAre muzkela lAgyuM. ATha varasanI ummara thatA lagImAM huM varNamALA-lIdhIdhArA ane bodhavacana tathA gaNItamAM bhAjaNa lagI bhaNyo. eTale sArI rIte vAMcatAMlakhatAM-verAzI lagI gaNIta zIkhyo. sAta varasanI uMmare mAro vivAha (vezavALa) vanamALIdAsa kalyANadAsanI trIjI dIkarI rUkSmaNI sAthe mArA dAdAe karyo. mArA dAdA evA kAmamAM ghaNA utsuka nahotA, paNa temanA patIyAlA zeTha prANanAtha bIjAbhAI bhajamudAra, je amArA upara ghaNo prema rAkhatA hatA temaNe AgevAna thaIne karyo. sana 1835 nA zIyALAnI mosamamAM sadara adAlatanA sarakArI jaDaja eTale juDIzIala kamIzanara chabarIna sAheba bharUcamAM AvyA. te vakhate sarakArI nizALanI parIkSA levAno adhikAra sarakAre emane pelo hato. e sAhebe amArI nizALanI parIkSA lIdhI te vakhate chokarAnuM vAMcana-samajutI-gaNatakAma vagerethI te rAjI thayo paNa bharUcamAM bIjI nizALa vaDApADAmAM hatI te jovA gayo, ne tyAMnA nizALIAone bhUgaLanA savAla puchyA ke, pRthvInA keTalA khaMDa che. chokarAthI javAba na devA eTale mahetAjIne puchayuM ke tame javAba dyo. te bicArAthI nava khaMDa belAI gayA. eTale sAheba ghaNA nArAja thayA. sarakITa pharI AvyA pachI sarakAramAM rIporTa karyo ke gujarAtanA mahetAjIone bhUgoLa AvaDatI nathI, mATe tene abhyAsa thavA goThavaNa thavI joIe. te parathI sarakAre hukama lakhI badhA mahetAjIone muMbai teDI tyAM vyAkaraNa, bhUgoLa, bIja gaNita, bhUmiti, trikoNamIti, kSetraphaLa, ghanaphaLa vagere viSayo zIkhavavAnI 29

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI goThavaNa karI. daza mAsa tyAM rAkhyA teTalI mudata jIllAomAM nizALe baMdha paDI. A avakAza mane maLavAthI mArA dAdAe mane AMka tathA dhAta tathA lekhAM zIkhavA sArU gAmaThI nizALe muko. e mArA mahetAjInuM nAma harInArAyaNa kAmaburIo hatuM ane tenI nizALa lallubhAInA cakalAmAM prANanAtha bIjAbhAInI havelI pAse ja hatI. mArA dAdAe prANanAtha bIjAbhAinI dukAnanA bhAgIA hovAthI temanuM besavAnuM e havelImAMja thatuM. tethI mane paNa ghaNuM sugama paDayuM. ATha nava mAsa lagI e nizALamAM rahyo. AMka pAkA thayA. e nizALamAM sArI gamata thatI. mahInAmAM be cAra vAra chuTI levA javuM paDe te vakhate ghaNo harSa thAya. gAvAnuM, goLa khAvAnuM ne sAMjanA chuTI maLe. sane 1837 mAM sarakArI nizALa pAchI ughaDI eTale mane pAcho eja nizALe besADayo. mArA mahetAjI mukuMdarAma cha mAsamAM bhaNIne pAsa thaI pAchA bharUca AvelA. temane tAjo abhyAsa tathA nizALa sudhAravAnA umaMgane lIdhe ghaNoja zrama letA. mAre abhyAsa bodhavacananA varga lagI thayo hato. be varasamAM mAre abhyAsa cheka pahelA varga lagI AvI lAge eTale DADaslI nIti kathAo, isapanIti ne bALamitra, te sAthe bhUgoLa ne vyAkaraNa. gaNIta varagamAM pUrNAMka apUrNaka, vargamULa, ghanamULa, patyALuM, ISTarAzI vagere puruM thayuM. e pachI bIjagaNIta, trikoNa miti, kartavya bhUmitI, lAgratama kSetraphaLa, ghanaphaLa lagI, zikSAmALA bIjA bhAgamAMthI zIkhe. mArI sAthe zIkhanArA sobatIomAM mULacaMda makanadAsa, kIzoradAsa haragovanadAsa, lAlabhAI nathubhAI, rAmacaMdra mohanalAla eTalA hatA. e vakhate gaNItanAM pustako jarvasa sAhebanAM karelAM zikSAmALA pahelo, temAM pUrNAMka tema apUrNAMka. e bhAga bIje, emAM bIja gaNIta, bhUmiti, lAgratama, saMgatIkaraNa, sIdhI lITI, trikoNamiti, kSetraphaLa, ghanaphaLa, kartavya bhUmiti, emAM ijanerI kAmanA nakazA jamIna mApavI vagere bAbata hatI. sana 1837mAM eTale saMvata 1897nA caitra mAsamAM suratamAM Aga lAgI ne zaherane ghaNe vastIvALo bhAga traNa dahADA ne traNa rAta lagI * haTTanakRta gaNatazAstra parathI bhASAMtara karIne e graMthe racelA hatA.

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rA. bA. mehanalAlabhAI raNachoDadAsa jhaverInuM Atmakathana baLe. te varasamAM huM surata mArA pitAjI sAthe gayo hato. suratanA jeTalA bhAgamAM huM pharyo tenA rastA ghaNA sAMkaDA ne havelIo rastAnI bAju upara ghaNuM UMcI AvI rahelI tethI khare bapore paNa rAhadArIne chatrInI jarUra paDatI nahIM. mArA pitAjI sAthe barAnaparI bhAgale pharatAM e kaMsArAnI dukAna para pItaLanI nAnI moTI mUrtio vecAtI hatI temAMthI eka meM mArA pitAne levAne kahyuM-bazera ghI ApI te lIdhI. lAlajInI mUrti hAthamAM mAkhaNane paDi ne nAhAnI baccAMnI peThe eka taMgaDI nIcI ne eka taMgaDI uMcI rAkhI cAlatA hoya, mAthe kezavALa guMthIne tene ubhe bole mukela. e mUttine nAnapaNathI paNa meM sevA pUjA karavA mAMDI. bharUca AvyA pachI huMne mArA bhAI e tenA haDALA pAraNA karI jhulAvatA ne sArA vastra paherAvI alaMkRta karatA, mArI ummaramAM bharUcanI bahAranI pahelI musApharI suratanI ja hatI. mArA mahetAjI mukuMdarAme pRthvIne gALe tathA sUryamALA banAvyAM hatAM. e gaLA upara jamInane pANInA tamAma bhAgo cIlA hatA. tathA khaMDe, parvata, nadIo, akhAta bhUzira vagere nakazA pramANe cItarI te para nAma lakhyAM hatAM. vilAyatI bhUgoLane goLe Ave che teja namunA pramANe karyo hato. eka AMbAnA lAkaDAnA kakaDAmAMthI meTe goLa daDe kharAdI pAse utarAvyo. tene vyAsa Azare eka phUTane hato, te upara kAgaLacaDIne jADA puThA jevuM karI tene vacamAMthI kApI kahADI be ardha goLa thayA. temAMthI lAkaDAnuM khokhuM kahADI laI tene sAMdhI dIdhAM. te upara sArA jhINuM kAgaLa cehaDI raMge ne pachI khaMDa sAgara vagerenA AkAra pADI nAma lakhyAM ne judA judA raMga pUryA. e kArIgIrI joI prophesara DAkaTara hArkanasa sAheba je gujarAtanI nizALonA suprITenDanTa hatA temaNe sarakAramAMthI mukuMdarAma mahetAjIne rU. 25)nuM InAma apAvyuM hatuM. sUryamALA paNa loDhAnA bhara ne lAkaDAnA geLAthI banAvI hatI te vilAyatI namunA mujabanIja hatI. AvI rIte abhyAsamAM vadhAro karavAne mArA pitAnI sahAyatAnI jarUra hatI mATe mAruM raheThANa mazALa tathA bApane ghera be ThekANe veMcAI gayuM. je kALe nizALamAM A abhyAsa taDAmAra cAlate te veLA mArA dAdA tathA pitAnI AjJAthI somanAtha pAsa kAmanAthanA deherAnI dharma

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI zALAmAM vimalAnaMda svAmi rahetA hatA, tenI pAse dararoja sAMjanA pAMca vAgate viSNu sada nAma ane Aditya hadayanA pATha zIkhavA jate. e abhyAsamAM mArA sabatI mArA kAkA goviMdalAla vIjabhUkhaNadAsa tathA mANekalAla kakubhAI hatA. roja cAra pAMca ka bhaNAve (eTale vAMcatAM zIkhave) tathA AgalA divasanA ApelA moDe bhaNAvI jue. keTalAka zikSake e tetromAM AvelA maMtra ane nyAsane bhAga zIkhavavAne harakata vetAne zudrone te bhaNAvatAja nahIM; paNa vimalAnaMda e rIvAjane dhIkkAratA-amane to ghaNI khuzIthI temaNe e bhAge bhaNavyA-bhaNAvyA eTaluM ja nahIM paNa tenA artha tathA vidhi suddhAMta samajAvyA hatA. vimalAnaMdanI vANI ghaNI zuddha hatI. keTalI vAra paMcakeza rAkhI brahmacArInuM rUpa dhAraNa karatA ne vaLI tenuM vapana karAvI sanyasta grahaNa karatA. keI veLA manamAM Ave te dazapaMdara divasa lagaNa anna khAtA nahIM, ne vaLI kaIvAra phAMTa Ave te be traNa dahADA lagI jeTalA ghaDI ghaDIne zekIne khAyAja kare. keI emanuM vaya pUche to evI DaMphAsa hAMke ke "hamakuM tIsarI pRthvI pradakSiNA huI aura jaba hama bhaDaka Aye taba lalukA janma huA thA." sana 1837 thI sana 1841 sudhI bhAre vakhata gujarAtI nizALamAM abhyAsa karavAmAM tathA svAmIne tyAM pATha zIkhavA javAmAM tathA bhUtanAthamAM agara revAjI kinArA para mitra maMDaLa maLI kaleka vagere bhaNavAmAM tathA vidyA saMbaMdhI caracA karavAmAM huM gujArato. e samaya mane ghaNo AnaMdakarI hatI. amArA mehatAjInuM trikoNamitI agara kartavya bhUmitI agara bIja gaNIta zIkhavavAmAM harakta paDatI tyAre amArA vargane mArA pitAjI kane mokalatA ne je amArA saMdeha paDe te te dUra karatA. khAnagI-ghara AgaLa mArA pitA sAthe vraja bhASAnA graMtho jevA ke prema sAgara, sabhAvilAsa, dAdupathI suMdaradAsajInI kavitA vagere vAMcata, tethI kavitA vAMcavAna zekha mane nAhanapaNathIja hate. vaLI te ghaNI sArI rIte vAMcIne suspaSTIkaraNa karatA tethI mane ghaNoja harSa thatuM. mArA kAkA gavaradhanadAsa tathA jagannAtha paNa evAM pustaka vAMcI samajAvavAmAM mane ghaNI sahAya karatA. | gujarAtI nizALanA abhyAsa krama puro thayA pachI meM aMgrejI abhyAsa bharUcamAMja karavA mAMDyo. mI. TAunaleMDa karIne koI yuropIana

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rA. khA. meAhanalAlabhAi raNacheADadAsa jhaverInuM Atmakathana . bharUcanA krIzrIana devaLanI sabhALa rAkhavA sArU AvelA teNe eka skula kahADI hatI; te cheAkarA dITha dara mAse eka rUpIe zrI laI aMgrejI abhyAsa karAvatA. kamanazIbe tene gujarAtI ke hIMdustAnI kaMIja dezI bhASA AvaDatI nahIM. eTale vAMcavuM lakhavuM ne zabdonI joDaNI sIvAya te vadhAre zIkhavI zakatA nahIM. prathama teNe kula cunAravADAmAM kahADI hatI ane pachI lAla bajAramAM dAdAbhAI munasaphanA tabelA para kahADI hatI. zIkhavAmAM Azare vIzeka vidyArthI hatA. te vakhatamAM marenI ane meyaranI rIDIMga mukeA cAlatI temAMthI chavIzava ne tenI joDaNI (bArAkhaDI) zIkhyA pachI eka padanA, e padanA, traNa padanA evA sAta pada lagInA zabdo cAlatA eTale te vAMcavAne joDaNI karatAM zIkhavA ane tenI sAthe pacakanA vAkyo je paddAne lagatA zabdonAM banAvelAM hoya te vAMcatAM zIkhavatA; tarannumAnuM te dhaNuM aMdhera jevuM hatuM, paNa upalA varganA chokarA nIcalA vargAvALAne zabdo tathA vAkyeAnA artha zIkhavatA. akSara sudhAravA pachavADe ghaNA zrama levAmAM AvatA. kApI buko sAre akSare lakhAtI ne je sArA akSara lakhe tenAM vakhANa thatAM. jema Aja puchavAmAM Ave che ke kaI buka zIkhA che tema te dIvasamAM aMgrejI bhaNanArane puchAtuM ke kaI vayaDI zIkhA che. pahelI, khIjI, ke trIjI vagere-sAtamI vayaDI zIkhatA hAya to zreSTa gaNAya--vayaDI eTale sIlebala (pada): sAta padanA zabda te sAtamI vayaDI kahevAya. mArA gujarAtI abhyAsa pureA thayA hatA tApaNa mArA mahetAjIe mArUM nAma rajIsTaramAM rAkhyuM hatuM eTale mAre nizALamAM hAjarI puravI paDatI. savAre aMgrejI skula, daza vAgyA pachI sarakArI gujarAtI nizALa, te cAra vAgatA lagI, pachI svAmInI pAse pATha zIkhavA javAnuM te saMdhyAkALa lagI, tyArabAda mitramaDaLa sAthe revAjI para gamata karavAnuM, evI rItane krama surata abhyAsa karavA gaye tyAM lagaNa cAlyA. vArSIka parIkSAmAM eke varasa InAma lIdhA vagara mAre cAlatuM nahIM. mArI pAse nizALAmAM cAlatI ceApaDIe tA hatIja. sababa mane rokaDA rUpIA ke aMgrejI cepaDI inAmamAM maLatI. sana 1841nA varasamAM chelluM InAma mane bharUcanA kalekaTara sAheba taraphathI DevIsakRta iMgleMDanA tihAsa aMgrejI (gujarAtI tarajumA sAthe) rU. 5)nI kImatanA tathA rU. 5) rAkaDA maLyA hatA. 5 33

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI muMbaI taLa tathA jIllAmAM sarakArI nizALA sthApana thai tene vahIvaTa sarakAra taraphathI The Bombay Native Education Institution nAme sabhA calavatI. IsavI sana 1839mAM e sabhAne meAkaeN karI Board of Education eve nAme cha sagRhasthAnI kArAbAra maMDaLI nImI; temAM traNa neTIva ne traNa yuropIana hatA. aMgrejI ane dezI keLavaNI ApavAnAM sarakArIkhAtAMnA vahIvaTa sarakAre temane sAMpyA ane temanA tAbAmAM eka pagAradAra yurApIana sekreTarI nImyA. te maDaLIe vidyAvRddhI aMgrejI tathA dezI bhASAmAM karavA sArUM navA niyamA racyA ne te prasiddha karI khAsa rAkhanArA sthaLAnA leAkA pAsethI jIja madada levA TharAvyuM. dezI nizALAmAM karA dITha eka Ane phI tathA aMgrejImAM ATa AnA pI letI karI. eDanA vakhata pahelAM cApaDIe sleTa vagere cheAkarAone sarakAra taraphathI maLatuM te baMdha karIne kheDe cheAkarAone te vecAtAM lene abhyAsa karavAnI pharaja pADI. e rIte traNa varasa vahIvaTa cAlyA pachI tenI gujarAtamAM tapAsa karavAne prephesara eralIkhAra sAhebane sane 1842mAM sarakAre meAkalyA. temaNe dhethI peAtAnI tapAsaNI kharI karIne amadAvAda ne kheDA jIllA tapAsI bharUcamAM AvyA ne amArI nizAbanI parIkSA lIdhI. pahelA vargomAM huM tathA mArA cAra sAbatI hatA. tenA abhyAsa joI te dhaNA rAjI thayA. nizALanA abhyAsakrama sIvAya mArI parIkSA marAThI tathA hiMdustAnI bhASAnA pustakaiA vaMcAvI tenI samajItI karavAmAM tathA theADuM aMgrejI zIkhyA hatA temAM paNa karIne ghaNA khuza thayA ne mane puchyuM ke tAre kaI copaDI inAmamAM joie. meM javAba dIdho ke sAheba mArI pAse gujarAtI tathA marAThI nizALAmAM cAlatI copaDIo badhI che. mATe mane aMgrejI pustaka zIkhavAmAM upayegI paDe evuM Ape to ghaNI maherabAnI. te parathI sAhebe mAre vAste eka aMgrejI bhUgoLavidyA nAme Goldsmith's Grammar of Geography rU. 2) nI kiMmatanI muMbAIthI meAkalI tathA mane " gavarnameMTa skolarazipa " suratanI aMgrejI skUlamAM ApI. te skolarazIpanA lAbha eTaleAja ke mAsIka pI bharavI na paDI tathA vargamAM cAlatI cepaDI maphata bhaNavA maLe. sana 1842 nA varasamAM suratamAM aMgrejI skula mI. dAdobA pAMDuraMge sarakAranA hukamathI sthApana karI hatI, temAM abhyAsa karavAne teja 34

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rA. bA. mAhanalAlabhAi raNacheADadAsa jhaverInuM Atmakathana varasanI Akhare eTale navembaramAM mArA pitA mane mukI gayA. meM eka varasa bharUcamAM abhyAsa aMgrejIne karyAM hatA tethI suratamAM cheka chellA kalAsamAM mane na besADatAM tethI upalA vargamAM dAkhala karyAM. te kALe mArI sAthe zIkhavAmAM umedarAma ANaMdarAma tathA rA. bA. umedarAma raNacheDadAsa vigere hatA. amArA vanA pArka mI. lADakokhA AtmArAma vakIla letA hatA. te pahelA vargamAM hAvAthI vaDA nIzALIA mAphaka nIcalA vargo bhaNAvavAmAM mI. dAdAkhAne madada karatA. vAMcakamAM huM nIcalA vamAM hatA paNa gaNita kAmamAM pahelA vargamAM hatA. kemake gujarAtImAM gaNIta zIkhelA hatA. vacakamAM mArA naMbara trIjo ceAtheA rahetA paNa gaNItamAM upara naMbara rahetA. mAre abhyAsa sArA heAvAthI sane 1843 mAM mane preAmeAzana maLavAthI upalA vargamAM caDhAvyA. tyAM mekalakasa M Cullouch's tharDa rIrTIMga buka cAlatI. suratanI aMgrejI skUlanuM kAma sArUM cAlavAthI tathA vidyArthi enI saMkhyA vadhavAthI kheDa epha ejyukezana taraphathI IMglIza heDamAstara vilAyatathI magAvyeA hateA, te sane 1843 mAM AvI pahoMcyA. e heDamAstara te mI. grIna hatA, je neTIvAnA hakamAM ghaNI sArI IcchA rAkhatA hateA. tene hAtha neTIvAnuM ghaNuM bhaluM paNa thayuM che. e mAstara AvyAthI bhaNAvanAra be jaNA thayA, tethI vidyArthione abhyAsa dhaNIja sArI rIte cAlyA. sane 1844 nA juna mAsamAM skolarazIpanI parIkSA ApavA sArU suratanI skulamAMthI nezaravAnajI cAMdAbhAi tathA kahAnadAsa machArAma muMbaI elphInsTana kaoNlejamAM pAsa thavA sArU gayA. temAMthI nezaravAnajI pAsa thayA ne kahAnadAsa rahI gayA, te tathA AnaMdarAva sAMpAjI suratathI navA umedavAra gayA, te eja varasanA DIsembaramAM pAsa thayA. sane 1845 mAM mane muMbaI meAkalavAne mI. zrIne mArA pitAjIne kahyuM. sArA nasIbe eja varasamAM mArA pitAne paNa kheDe gujarAtI tAramala kalAsanA zIkSakanuM kAma karavAne hukama karyo hatA, tethI mane ghaNuM anukuLa paDayuM. temanI sAthe juna mAsamAM AgaeTanI musApharI karI muMbaI gayA te tyAM keoNlejanI pravezaka parIkSAmAM dAkhala thayeA. sArA nasIbe huM pAsa thayA te mane daza rUpIAnI skelarazIpa malI tathA AgakhATanA bhADAnA paNa rU. 10) maLyA. A arasAmAM elapInsTana insTITayuzananA makAnanI pAse pharAmajI kAvasajInA talAva pAse navI pustakazALA sthApana thai hatI, temAM amArI 35

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI kelejanA vidyArthio sabhAsada thayA hatA ne huM paNa sapTembara sane 1845 thI dAkhala thaye hato. temAM vartamAna patro, mAsIka epAnI tathA navAM pustake ghaNAM AvatAM hatAM. kelejamAM mArA prophesaromAM DA. hArakanesa, prophesara eralIbAra, prephesara heDarasana ne prophesara bela mArA zikSaka hatA. Literature, Mathemetics, History and Geograply, Chemistry tathA e viSaye anukrame e prophesaro zIkhavatA hatA. skelarazIpa rU. 10 nA pagAranI doDha varasa sudhI cAlI, ane tA. 1lI jAnevArI 1847 thI mane vesTa skolarazIpa rU. 15) nA pagAranI maLI. sane 1846 mAM e skolarazIpanI parIkSAmAM pAsa thayo. tyAra pachI eja varasanA juna mAsamAM meM noramala skolarazIpanI parIkSA ApI ne temAM pAsa thayo eTale rU. 20 nA pagAranI sekaMDa kalAsa ramala kelarazIpa maLI. te sane 1850 nA menI Akhara lagI cAlI. tA. 1lI juna sane 1850 thI elaphInsTana isTITayuzanamAM AsIsTaMTa mAstaranI jaga rU. 40) nA pagArathI maLI. e rIte kolejamAM kula traNa varasa ne agIAra mAsa meM abhyAsa karyo, te daramyAna mArA ghaNA zikSaka thaI gayA. Literature ne Political Economy zIkhavavAmAM be jaNA vArApharatI thayA. prophesara hArakanesa ane prophesara grIna (mArA suratanA heDamAstara), gaNita viSaya ne khagoLa vidyAnA zIkSaka prophesara oralIbAra)-tyAra pachI prophesara pATana ne prophesara mekagAla ne chelle dAdAbhAI navarojI, itihAsa bhUgoLa zIkhavanArAmAM prophesara heMDarasana ne prophesara rIDa, ne rasAyanazAstra tathA vana spatizAstra zIkhavanAra prathama mI. bela ane pachI DAkaTara jhIro. saMskRta phArasI vagere kalAsIkala bhASAnA zIkSaka kolejamAM na hovAthI pahelA varganI noramala skelarazIpa meLavavAmAM huM ke mArA sobatIo prANalAla mathurAdAsa, aradezara pharAmajI musa vagere kaI paNa phatehamaMda thayA nahIM. kAraNa te abhyAsa ame khAnagI zAstrI ke munazI pAse karatA ne parIkSA levA DA. vilasana jevA kAbela purUSa kolejamAM AvatA tenI parIkSAmAM koI paNa umedavAra kAcA abhyAsI hovAthI pAsa thatA nahIM. eTale mane rU. 30) ne pagAranI skelarazIpa maLI nahIM. bevAra parIkSA ApI paNa te niSphaLa gaI.

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rA. bA. meAhanalAlabhAi raNacheADadAsa jhaverInuM Atmakathana elInsTana insTITayuTane lagatA marAThI tathA gujarAtI neAramala klAsa sana 1845 nA varasamAM e epha ejyukezane marahuma bALa gaMgAdhara zAstrInA uparIpaNA heThe sthApana kIdhA hatA. temAM gujarAtI tathA marAThInA InspekaTarA rA. raNacheADadAsa tathA rA. gaMgAdhara zAstrIne sahAya karI rAkhyA hatA. bALagagAdhara zAstrI jAbhekaranuM maraNa eka varasanI mudatamAM thayuM tethI te vanuM uparIpaNuM rA. khA. dAdobA pAMDuraMga tarakhaDane sAMpyuM. paNa e sagRhastha gaNita kAmamAM dhaNA kuzaLa na hovAthI gaNita zAstra zIkhavavAne e mane rU. 15) nA mAsIka pagAre nImyA hateA. te kAma me' tA. 7mI juna sane 1847 thI tA. 31 aTAbara sane 1848 sudhI calAvyuM, tyAra pachI te varganA sadhaLAvidyArthione mahetAjInI jagA maLavAthI te baMdha karavAmAM AvyA. huM e vargonA vidyArthione eTale marAThI tathA gujarAtI beu jAtanA vidyArthione khIja gaNita-bhUmiti saMgatI karaNatrikAmiti vagerenA abhyAsa karAvatA hatA. kAlejamAM abhyAsa karatA hatA te veLA mane muMbAInA nAmAMkIta sadguhastha jagannAtha zaMkarazeThe potAnA putra vinAyakarAvane gaNita zIkhavavA sArU rU. 15 nA mAsIka pagAre zikSaka rAkhyA hatA. dararAja eka kalAka bhaNAvavA jatA hatA. e kAma meM sane 1848 nA akaTobara mAsathI sane 1849 nA navembara sudhI karyuM hatuM. sana 1848 nA navembara mAsamAM mArA pitAjI pAchA gujarAta tarapha sidhAvyA, kAraNa aMgrejI skulanA heDamAstara mI. grIna je gujarAta khAte dezI nizALAnA suparInTenDanTa hatA temane elapInsTana InsTITayUTanA prInsIpAlanI jagA mI. hArakanesa rajA para vilAyata javAthI maLI hatI, ane gujarAta khAte nIzALeAnI koI dekharekha rAkhanAra hatuM nahIM. vaLI neAramala kalAsa paNa baMdha thayA hatA. ema thavAthI mAre ekalAja muMbaImAM rahI mArUM gujarAna calAvavuM paDayuM. A arasAmAM huM kALakAdevInA rastA para zeThe rAmadAsa hIrAzAnI cAlamAM trIje mALe rahelA hatA. huM kolejamAM dAkhala thayeA tyAra pahelAM 'Students' Literary and Scientific society" " nAme vidyArthIonI sabhA sthApana thaelI hatI jenA pramukha bALagaMgAdhara zAstrI jAMbekara AsIsTaMTa preophesara hatA. enA sabhAsada navareAjI pharadunajI, dAdAbhAI navarAjI, nArAyaNa dInAnAthajI vagere vidvAna gRhastheA hatA. temAM kAlejanA vidyArthIo tathA AsI 37

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI TaMTa mAstaro vagere sAmela thayA hatA. huM paNa e sabhAmAM sana 1846, nA mArcathI sAmela thayA hatA. temAM vArA pramANe dareka jaNa aMgrejI nibaMdha koI viSaya para lakhe te vaMcAta ne te para vAdavivAda cAlato. eka veLA. eka moTo prazna e sabhAmAM nIkaLyuM ke soLamI sadImAM mANasa jAtane. sauthI moTo paropakArI purUSa koNa thaze ? temAM be pakSa baMdhAyA hatA. eka tarapha navarojI pharadunajI tathA bIjI tarapha dAdAbhAI navarojI hatA. eka kahe mAraTIna lyuthara ane bIjo kahe sara aisAka nyuTana. e vAda ghaNI sabhAemAM cAlyo. bALagaMgAdhara zAstrI pramukhanA maraNa pachI e sabhAnuM kAma jarA maMda paDayuM hatuM, paNa vilAyatathI AvelA navA prophesaro mI. pATana, mI. rIDa, mI. mekaDugala emAM dAkhala thavAthI sabhAnuM kAma ghaNuMja sateja thayuM. paragaju pATanane vicAra mujaba evI sabhAo dezI bhASAmAM eTale marAThI tathA gujarAtImAM sthApana karavAno nizcaya thayo; ane te gujarAtI tathA marAThI jJAna prasAraka sabhA e nAmathI oLakhAvA lAgI. sane 1848nA akaTobaramAM gujarAtI jJAna prasAraka sabhA sthApana thaI, tenA pahelA adhyakSa mArA pitA raNachoDadAsa gIradharabhAI hatA. e beu sabhAmAM marAThI tathA gujarAtI bhASAomAM vidyA vize tathA saMsArI rUDhIo viSe bhASaNo thavA lAgyAM, nibaMdha vaMcAvA mAMDayA ne eka varasanI mudatamAM te jJAna prasAraka nAme copAnI dareka sabhAnA kArabhArIo kADhavA lAgyA. temane sarakAra taraphathI tathA prajA taraphathI sAro Azraya maLavA lAge. vaLI eja sabhAonI mAraphate kanyAzALA pArasI tathA dakSaNa lekene sArU sthApana thaI temAM kolejanA vidyArthIo tathA AsIsTaMTa mAstare savAra-sAMja chokarIone abhyAsa karAvatA. gujarAtI jJAna prasAraka sabhAno tathA gujarAtI kanyAzALAono lAbha mukhyatve pArasIoja letA hatA. tethI mArA mitra gaMgAdAsa kIzoradAse prophesara pATana sAthe masahalata karIne I. sa. 1851 nA eprIla mAsamAM buddhivardhaka hiMdu sabhA sthApana karI ane tenuM vAstu mAyAdevI pAse sarakArI brAMcaskula hatI temAM karavAmAM AvyuM. tenA pramukha marahumarA. bA. prANalAla mathurAdAsa, huM pote sekreTarI ane gaMgAdAsa pote khajAnacI thayA. enA kArobArI maMDaLamAM mayArAma zaMbhunAtha ne harIvallabhadAsa bALagoviMdadAsa. prathama hatA. e sabhAmAM keTalAMka bhASaNe strI keLavaNI vize thavA lAgyAM, ne Akhare buddhivardhaka kanyAzALA sthApana thaI, ne thoDI mudata pachI buddhivardhaka eMglo varnAkayulara skula kADhavAmAM AvI. 38

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rA. bA. meAhanalAlabhAi raNachoDadAsa jhaverInuM Atmakathana e kanyAzALAmAM huM tathA mArA mitrA gaMgAdAsa, prANalAla, harIvallabhadAsa vagere savAra-sAMja keTalAka viSayeA zIkhavavA jatA. huM kavitA zIkhavatA hatA tathA garakhIe gAtAM zIkhavatA hatA. jyAre phaMDa bheguM thayuM tyAre baLavaMtarAya nAme eka nAgarane kAyama pagAradAra zikSaka rAkhyA hatA. strI keLavaNInA vireAdhI pakSa gujarAtI hiMduomAM bhAre baLavAna hatA. mATe lokane samajutI karavAne buddhivardhaka hiMdu sabhAmAM vAraMvAra e viSaya para nibaMdha| vaMcAtA ne carcA cAlatI. bharUcanA rahevAzI mANekalAla gopALadAsa paNa eka sabhAsada hatA. temaNe strI keLavaNI viSe eka nibaMdha vAMcyA, te para ghaNuM vivecana karI te sabhAe chapAvyuM te te leAkeAmAM prasiddha thavA sastI kIMmate eTale e Ane vecyA. e sabhAnuM prathama ceApAnIuM e kahevAya. emAM je vivecana kareluM che te mArA mitra gaMgAdAsanI sUcanAthI meM taiyAra karI ApyuM hatuM. muMbainA nAmAMkIta gRhastheA zeTha harajIvanadAsa mAdhavadAsa tathA zeThe jagannAtha hemarAja tathA karasanadAsa mAdhavadAsa vagere amane dhaNuM Azraya ApatA hatA. kAraNa temane samajAvanAra presara pATana tathA gaMgAdAsa vagere hatA. sabhAmAM khInne viSaya " dezATaNa vize" karasanadAsa mULajIe vAMcyA hatA, ne te upara sArI rIte TIkA karI sabhAe chapAvyeA hateA. eka vAra "ilekaTrIka TelIgrApha" viSe sabhAmAM meM bhASaNa ApyuM hatuM te paNa sabhAnA AzrayathI chapAyuM hatuM. strI keLavaNIne phelAvA karavA sArU sabhAe ghaNA zrama lIdhA hatA, e bAbatanuM chapAyaluM pustaka sabhAnA kArAbArIee suratamAM bALakR NujInA maMdIranA mahArAja zrIja ratanajIne vaMcAvA tathA te viSe temanI maMjurI meLavavA mArA pitA mAraphata meAkalyuM hatuM, ne temaNe paNa te vAMcIne peAtAnI saMmatI ApI hatI. hekarIonI nizALane sArU sumeAdhaka kavitA sarakArI nizALAma vaparAtI kheAdhavacananI ceApaDIne anusarIne mArA bhAI manamohanadAsa raNacheDadAse "nItikhAdhaka kavitA" bhAga pahelA tathA khIo e nAme taiyAra karI ApyA hatA te sabhAe chapAvyA hatA ne kanyAzALAomAM vaparAtA karyAM hatA. e kavitA ghaNI sarasa ane saraLa hatI. te sIvAya edhavacana paNa padyamAM racyuM hatuM paNa te chapAyuM nathI. 39

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI je vidvAna taraphathI strI keLavaNIne Azraya maLe teja dhanavAna purUSo taraphathI paNa maLavA lAgyo. eka vakhata inAma vaheMcavAno meLAvaDo zeTha rAmadAsa hIrAzAnA rahevAnA gharamAM gavarnara sara bAraTala phareara ane temanI strInA pramukhapaNa nIce thayo eTale zeTha ghaNA rAjI thayA, ane nizALanA phaMDamAMthI inAma maLavAnAM hatAM te sivAya dareka chokarIne potAnA padarathI rezamI sADI uttejana dAkhala ApI. e sADInI kiMmata Azare dareka naMganA rUpIA dazathI bAra thatA haze. evI bhAre kImatanI sADIo pacAsa chokarIone vaheMcI hatI. evI rIte strI keLavaNIne Teke maLavAthI bIjI eka nizALa koTamAM kADhavAmAM AvI hatI. A traNa sabhAone AbAda thatI joI keTalAka pArasI vidyArthIoe eka bIjI maMDaLI bahArakeTa dAdI zeThanI agIArImAM sthApana karI hatI. rasAyaNazAstranA keTalAka prayoga karavA sArU ugharANuM karIne khAra, tejAba, gyAsa kADhavAnAM yaMtro vagere kharIda karyA hatAM ne tenuM nAma vahevAra upayogI jJAna prasAraka sabhA rAkhyuM hatuM. ane mane teno saranazIna nimyo hato. Azare dohaDa varasa lagI te sabhA dAdI zeThanI agIArImAM maLatI hatI ne tyAM prayoga sAthe rasAyana zAstra saMbaMdhI huM bhASaNa Apato hato. koI kaI vAra mArA mitra aradezara pharAmajI musa paNa bhASaNa ApatA. navarajI dorAbajI "cAbuka" aThavADIka patranA adhIpatI paNa tenA sabhAsada hatA. mArI badalI suratanI aMgrejI skulamAM thaI tyAM lagI e sabhA cAlI hatI. temAM pArasI strIo paNa AvatI hatI. A sabhA sthApana karavAmAM mukhya mArA mitra cImanalAla naMdalAla hatA. te suratanA rahevAzI mAthurI kAyastha hatA. gujarAtI nizALanA mahetAjI hovAthI khAnagI bhaNAvavA te e agIArImAM jatA hatA. temanA bodhathI mI. aradezara vagere mullAM phIrojanA vaMzajoe e sabhA sthApanA karI hatI. ane tenAM copAnI dareka aThavADIe bhASaNanA sAra rUpI hakIkatanAM chapAtAM hatAM, ne te sabhAsadomAM vaheMcAtAM hatAM. jyArathI huM muMbaImAM Avyo tyArathI pAchA surata AsIsTaMTanA hoddA para gayo tyAM sudhInA mArA mAstaranAM je saraTIphIkeTa maLelAM che te pariziSTa ( )thI dAkhala che. . suratanI skulanA heDamAstara marahuma mI. henarI grInanuM ApeluM sarTIphIkeTa. 40

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rA. bA. mohanalAlabhAI raNachoDadAsa jhaverInuM AmathanA 2. prophesara belanuM ApeluM saraTIphIkeTa. . prophesara eralIbAranuM ApeluM saraTIphIkeTa. 3. prophesara mekaDugalanuM ApeluM saraTIphIkeTa. chuM. buddhivardhaka sabhAnA kArobArI maMDaLa taraphathI maLeluM mAnapatra. tA. 1 lI navembara 1853 thI surata aMgrejI skulamAM pahelA madadanIza mAstaranA ddhAno cArja meM lIdho. te vakhate te skulanA heDamAstara mI. grehAma hatA. mArI nImaNuka thavAthI e sAheba ghaNuM rAjI thayA; teo mArI sAthe ghaNI mamatAthI vartatA hatA. e sAheba pAse traNa eddhA hatAH aMgrejI skulanA heDamAstara-gujarAtI dezI nizALonA suprITenDeTa ane nizALane sArU vidyArthIo rAkhI mahetAjIe taiyAra karavAnA nairamala kalAsanA uparI. noramala kalAsane zIkhavavAnuM kAma mI. naMdazaMkara tuLajAzaMkara karatA-ne suprITeDaMTanA kalArka mI. jIvaNarAma jayAnaMda hatA. skulanA AsIsTaMTa mAstare Azare ATha nava hatA. chokarAonI saMkhyA paNa sArI hatI. mArA AvyA pachI thoDA divasa pahelA varganuM zikSaNa sAhebe jAte karatA ne bIjo varga mane so hatA. dhIme dhIme sAhebe pahelo varga tathA bIjo varga baMne mArA tAbAmAM sepyA ane pote phakta dekharekhanuM ja kAma karatA. pite muMbaI jaI gujarAtI bhASAnI parIkSA ApI AvyA, temAM pAsa thayA, eTale graMthakartA thavAno lobha thayo, ane lArDana kRta yukalIDanuM bhASAMtara karavAnuM kAma AraMbhya ne temAM mAro tathA mI. naMdazaMkarano Azraya laI traNa pustaka taiyAra karyA. te borDa opha ejyukezane chapAvyAM. te bAbata sAhebane borDa taraphathI rUA. eka hajAra InAmamAM maLyA te pote udAra dilathI mI. naMdazaMkarane temanA zrama badala ApyA. e sivAya mIkenIkala problemsane tarajumo mArI pAse sAhebe karAvyo hato paNa te chapAyo nathI. eka varasa lagI ghaNI sArI rIte heDamAstara sAthe sAruM kAma cAlyA bAda eka prasaMga evo Avyo ke tethI mAre sAhebanI gera meherabAnI veThavAno vakhata Avyo. naveMbara, DiseMbara ane jAnevArI e traNe mAsa sAhebane gujarAta prAMtanI nizALonI parIkSA karavA suratathI bahAra javuM paDayuM; eTale skulano cArja mane soMpIne pachI pote musApharIe nIkaLatA. sana 1854 nA naveMbaramAM e banAva banyuM ke sAheba paragaNAmAM gayelA ane nizALone akhatyAra mArI pAse hatA, tevAmAM kuvAnI jAtrA tathA 41.

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI dhuLIA mahAdevane chellA sAmavAra hAvAthI vidyArthIenI araja parathI, AsIsTaMTa mAstaranI salAha laI, rajA ApavAmAM AvI ne skUla baMdha karI. je divase rajA paDelI te divase mI. grehAma DIsTrIkaTamAMthI suratamAM AvelAH temaNe eka AsIsTaMTa mAstara mI. pIrAjazAte skulamAM pharate dIThA eTale tene puchyuM ke Aja rajA che te tuM kema AvyA ? teNe kahyuM Aja kai tahevAra nathI te rajA ApI che, evuM huM jANatA paNa nathI, eTale sAhebane mIjAsa gaye ne temaNe trIje divase eTale rajAne khIje dahADe saghaLA AsIsTaMTAne pAMca pAMca rUpIA daMDa karyo. te mAre tathA mI. naMdazaMkarane paMdara paMdara rUpI daMDa karyo. te te saghaLA rUpIA ekaThA karIne sAMje kArakunane mArI pAse mekaLyA ke A paisAnI cApaDI kharIda karI grIna lAibrerImAM" mAM mukavI che, mATe A keTalagamAMthI tame tathA bIjA AsIsTaMTa mAstare ekatra thai buke pasaMda kare. A hukama sAMbhaLI mane krodha AvyA tethI me javAba kahevaDAvyA ke e daMDanA rUpIAmAMthI lAibrerIne sArU ceApaDIe levAya nahi. e bAbata eDa epha ejyukezananI maMjurI meLavyA pachI TharAva thaze. khIje divase me arajI taiyAra karI sAhebane ApI ne araja karI ke amArA daDa geravAjabI thayo che mATe te amane pAcho maLavA joI e. mArI arajI vAMcI sAheba gabharAyA-tAvanI dhrujArI caDhI ne rAtanA khuba herAna thayA, te savAre pANIphera mATe khabhAta javAno TharAva karI ekadama vahANa bhADe karI khaMbhAta gayA. eka mAsa pachI surata pAchA AvI cArja lIdhe te saunA daMDanA rUpIA pAchA ApyA. e divasathI sAhebanI meherabAnI kamI thai. emanI AMkhe jhAMkha vaLI tethI bheAMyarAmAM nivAsa karyo, vakhata be vakhata skulamAM AMTA mArI jatA. i. sa. 1854 mAM korTa opha DIrekTarsanA DIspAca keLavaNI saMbaMdhI AvyAthI pheraphAra thavAnA prasaMga AvyA. e epha eDayukezana sarakAre baMdha karI ane muMbAI ilAkAne sArU DIrekTara eka pablIka InsTrakazana tathA prAMtAne sArU ejyukezanala InspekTara tathA jIllAne sArU tenA hAtha nIce vIjhITara epha skulsa nImavAmAM AvyA. gujarAta prAMtanI nizALAnA uparI eTale suprInTenDanTa mI. grehAma hatA tenI jagA para je inspekTara hauM, temaNe mI. grehAma pAse cArja lIdhe te e sAhebane gujarAtanA dakSiNa vibhAganA eTale surata tathA bharUca jIllAnI nizALeAnA vIjhITaranI 42

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rA. bA. mohanalAlabhAI raNachoDadAsa jhaverInuM Atmarthana jagA ApI. heDamAstaranI sAthe e paNa kAma karavuM paDayuM eTale asala mujaba pagAra kAyama rahyA. uttara vibhAgane sArU rA. sA. prANalAla mathurAdAsa vIjhITara nImAyA. I. sa. 1855 nA eprIla mAsamAM sTezanarInuM IDenTa karavAne mI. grehAmane vakhata AvyAthI temaNe je iDeTa mokalyuM te InspekaTare sudhAravA sArU pAchuM mokalavAthI sAhebano mIjAsa ghaNoja bagaDayo, ne ekadama rAjInAmu mokalavAthI e jagA para mArI nImaNuka thaI, ane tA. 13 DiseMbara sane 1855 ne roja meM cArja lIdhe. mArI nImaNuka varasane mATe probezanarI eTale ajamAyazI hatI. A khAlI paDelI vIjhITaranI jagA sArU umedavAra bharUcanI aMgarejI skulanA heDamAstara mI. kAvasajI edalajI masANI hatA. paraMtu DA. hArikanesa mI. hopane bhalAmaNa karavAthI tathA mI. hopa surata mI. grehAma pAse cArja levA AvelA tyAre Azare kalAkeka hamAre saMbhASaNa thayuM hatuM te parathI e sAhebe mAre sArUja sarakAramAM bhalAmaNa karI hatI. sane 1855 nA DIseMbaranA pAchalA pakhavADIAmAM meM musApharIne AraMbha bharUca jIllAthIja karyo. prathama jabusara tAlukAmAM gayo. tyAMnA mAmalatadAra echavarAma jIvaNarAme mane sAro Azraya Apyo. musApharImAM mArI joDe ophIsanA be sIpAI tathA gulAbadAsa gopALadAsa suratanA begamaparAnA rahevAsI tathA surata aMgrejI skulanA bIjA kalAsanA vidyArthi ane eka cAkara hatA. mArA kArakuna jIvaNarAma jayAnaMde eka mAsanI rajA agAuthI lIdhI hatI tethI te sAthe AvI zakyA nahIM. mane jagA maLavAthI mI. grehAma ghaNu khuzI thayA hatA ane emane taMbu meM vecAto mAge chatAM paNa maphata ApI dIdhuM ane bolyA ke bharUcanI skulanA heDamAstara kAvasajIne jagA na maLatAM tamane maLI tethI huM ghaNo rAjI thayo chuM. mArI skula tapAsavA tamane AvavA daIza paNa kAvasajI nImAyA heta te tene mArI skulanA kapaDAmAM paNa pisavA na deta. pAchalo badho krodha emane mArA para hatuM te zAMta thayalo jaNAyo. jaMbusara paragaNAmAM be traNa gAmamAM navI nizALa sthApana karavAnI goThavaNa karI hatI. Azare ekAda mAsa pharyA pachI Amoda vAgarA tAlukA pharI bharUca tAlukAmAM Avyo. uttara tAlukAmAM phakta beja nizALo sarakArI hatI. jaMbusara tathA Ameda, tenI parIkSA lIdhI. vAgarA tAlukAmAM nizA 43

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI -Lo ja na hatI. vaLI kasabA sIvAya bIjA gAmomAM paNa gAmaThI nizALe na hatI, eTale parIkSA levAnuM kAma jhAjhuM nahatuM. mAtra lokone upadeza karI navI nizALo sthApana karavAnuM ghaNuM muzkela kAma karavAnuM hatuM. bharUca jIllAnA gAmaDAnA rahevAsIo ghaNAja ajJAna ane sarakArI mANasathI bIpItA hatA. cerAmAM ne mArA taMbupara ekaThA karavA mAgIe to te paNa na thAya. talATI varganA lokone gAmaDIAo ghaNuMja mAna Ape che ne tenA kahyA mujaba cAle che, teo potAnI khAukI echI thAya evA sababathI gAmaDIAone udhIja salAha ApatA ke nizALonI jarUra nathI. lokone bhAva amArA para cho, ane sarakArI revanyu khAtAnA adhikArIo joIe teTalI sahAyatA Ape nahIM tethI musApharI AkarI paDatI. tenI sAthe sarakAranA sarakyulara ke mahetAjIno aDadho pagAra kaMTIjaTagharabhADuM lokee ApavAM, tenI kabulAta ke pAse lakhAvI levI tathA pAMca varSa lagI te pramANe vartavuM; eTalI kabulAta basa na dhArIne bIjI hakIkata evI ghAlelI ke loke e pramANe cAlaze evI bAMhedharInI gAmanA mukhIo eTale pAMca agara sAta sadgahasthAe bIjI kabulata levI. evI rIte kAma karI lokonAM mana saMpAdana karavAM te ghaNuM ja agharuM paDatuM. uparI taraphathI niraMtara ugharANI jArI ke keTalI nizALo sthApana karI. evA kaSTamAM mana niraMtara ciMtAgrasta rahetuM. i. sa. 1856 nA memAM ophIzIyala varasa badalAyuM tyAra pahelAM ghaNI ja thoDI navI nizALo sthApana thaI zakI hatI. jevI ejyukezana InspekaTaranI ugharANuM e bAbatamAM mArA para hatI tevI ja mAmalatadArepara tathA kalekaTara para paNa jArI hovAthI tathA pitAnA jAtI zramathI Azare vIseka nizALe mArA vibhAgamAM nIkaLI hatI. mAro meLApa mI. hopa (hAla sara TI. sI. hopa) sAthe cIkhalI mukAme thavAthI meM temane mArA kaSTanI vAta jAhera karavAthI temaNe dilAso dIdho ke phikara na karavI, ApaNe thoDI mudatamAM ghaNI nizALe sthApana karI zakIzuM. vaLI mArA kArakuna jIvaNarAma jayAnaMdanuM kAma ane aMgrejI bhASAnuM sAruM jJAna joI rAjI thavAthI temane paNa temaNe AzA ApI hatI ke huM tamane DepyuTI ejyukezanala inspekaTaranI jagA ApIza. phebaravArI sana 1856 nI Akhara sudhI bharUca jIllAmAM pharyA pachI surata jIllA tarapha utaryo ne varasAda thatAM lagI surata jIllAnI nizALo tapAsI, tathA keTalAMka gAme jalAlapora, talaMgapara, bagavADA vagere gAmomAM 44

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rA. bA. mehanalAlabhAI raNachoDadAsa jhaverInuM Atmakathana navI nizALano baMdobasta karyo ne romAsAmAM heDa kavArTara, surata AvI. rahyo. pAchI musApharI akabaramAM zarU karI, te sAla purI thatAM lagI pheraNanuM kAma jArI rahyuM hatuM. dastaranA navA namunA mI. hope mahetAjIone sArU navA racelA te dAkhala karavAmAM AvyA. temAM rojameLa, khAtAvahI (blenanA tAlukA tathA gAmanA namunA mujabanA) hatA, te mehetAjIone samaja na paDavAthI darekane zIkhavavA tathA taiyAra karavA mArA kArakunane ghaNoja zrama veTha paDato. sana 1857 nI zarUAtamAM nizALonI saMkhyA vadhavAthI DepyuTI IspekaTaronI saMkhyA vadhAravAnI sarakArane jarUra jaNAyAthI gujarAta khAte traNa navA DepyuTI nImyA. temane pagAra rUA. 75 ne TharAvyuM. bharUca jIllo mArA tAbAmAMthI chUTe pADI, mI. dolatarAma uttamarAmane soMpyuM. kheDA. jIllo rA. sA. prANalAlanA hAtha taLethI kADhI, mayArAma zaMbhUnAthane sa, ane ghoghA tathA dhaMdhukA be tAlukAne eka DepyuTI TharAvyo, te jagA mArA kArakuna mI. jIvaNarAma jayAnaMdane seMpI. tethI mArA hAtha nIce. prANajIvanadAsa rAmadAsa surata aMgrejI skulanA vidyArthine nIkhe. e mANasa, mane ghaNo ja upayogI thaI paDyo hato. eNe kaI paNa ophIsamAM kAma kareluM na chatAM paNa sarakArI rIvAjathI tathA daphatarI kAmathI mAhitagAra thayo. e ghaNo pramANika hate. I. sa. 1857 nA unALAnI mosamathI traNa navA DepyuTIo nImAyA, eTale mAre pharavAne pradeza ocho thayo hato. paraMtu sara jamazedajI bATalIvALAnI nizALo mArA tAbAmAM hovAthI cIMcaNa tArApara lagI mAre, javuM paDatuM hatuM. temaja vAMsadAnA rAjAe nizALa sthApanA karI hatI, tethI pUrvamAM vAMsadA lagI pharavuM paDatuM. vaLI surata jIllAmAM nizALonI saMkhyA bIjA jIllAo karatAM vadhAre hatI eTale mArA kAmamAM mane ArAma cheDeja maLI zakatA. mArA uparIne mArA para ghaNo ja vizvAsa hovAthI mArI bhalAmaNavALAM mANasone teo jagA tarata ApatA. mArI ophIsamAM umedavArI karanAra gulAbadAsa gopALadAsane kheDA jIllAnA alINA gAmamAM mahetAjInI jagA rU. vIzanA pagAranI ApI hatI, temaja mArA kArakunanI jagA khAlI paDavAthI meM prANajIvanadAsa rAmadAsanI bhalAmaNa karelI, tene paNa jagA ApI hatI. huM ghaNe saMtoSa mAnuM chuM ke, mArI bhalAmaNavALA 45

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI mANase uttama edhe caDhayA che ne temanA pramANikapaNa viSe bhAre jarA paNa dalagIra thavAno prasaMga AvyuM nathI. I. sa. 1857nA varasamAM InspekaTara sAheba cha mAsanI rajA laI vilAyata gayelA te ekaTobaramAM pAchA AvavAthI surata padhAryA ne mane tathA mI. jIvaNarAma jayAnaMda ghoghA vibhAganA DepyuTI InspekaTarane hukama karyo ke, tame mArI sAthe gheghe sarakArI kAmagIrI para cAle. tA. 24mI ekabare AgaboTamAM musApharI karatAM sAhebanI sAthe gheghe gayA, tyAMthI sAheba pitAne mukAma kuDe laI gayA. tyAM amane be jaNAne rAkhyA tathA gujarAtI bhASAnuM vyAkaraNa taiyAra karavA saMbaMdhI amArA abhiprAya lIdhA. Azare paMdara divasa kuDAmAM rahyA. pachI amane baMnene e hukama karyo ke, jIvaNarAme potAnI DIsTrIkaTamAM pharavA javuM ne mAre bhAvanagara, sAhebanI ophIsamAM vArSika patraka tathA rIporTa karavAmAM madada karavA javuM. Azare dahADa aThavADIyuM bhAvanagaramAM rahyA pachI mane mArI DIsTrIkaTamAM javAne hukama thayo eTale huM ghoghA DAMDI vacce pharatI TapAlanI boTamAM besI erapADa gayo ne tyAMthI surata Avyo. I. sa. 1857 ne DIsembarathI tA. 29 eprila sane 1858 sudhI paragaNuM pharI dhArA mujabanuM kAma karI amadAvAda javAno hukama thavAthI paga raste musApharI karatAM menI tA. 12 mIne roja gujarAtanI rAjadhAnImAM ophIsa sAthe gayo ne hAjA paTelanI poLamAM enI vANIA acaratalAla mULajIne tyAM nivAsa karyo. rastAnI musApharI tApanA dahADAmAM kuTuMba sAthe karavAthI ghaNIja halAkI naDI hatI. amadAvAdamAM DAhyAbhAI zeThanI vADI jemAM TrenIMga koleja sthApana thaelI hatI, ane jenA uparI mI. lAlabhAI rUparAma hatA, te jagAnI joDe ja hIrAlAla phajadAranI vADImAM mI. hopa sAhebe potAnI ophIsa sAthe mukAma karI rahyA hatA. e veLAe gujarAta tathA kAThIAvADanA tamAma DepyuTI InspekaTarone sarakAranI paravAnagI laI bhegA karyA hatA. surata jIllAne huM, bharUca jIllAnA dolatarAma uttamarAma, kheDA vibhAganA rAva sAheba mayArAma zaMbhunAtha, amadAvAdanA rAvasAheba prANalAla mathurAdAsa tathA ghoghA vibhAganA mahIpatarAma rUparAma ane kAThIAvADanA rAvasAheba bhegIlAla prANavallabhadAsa evA cha jaNa hatA. temanA kAmanA vibhAga pADavAmAM AvyA hatA. mArA jIllAne cArja latarAmane tathA

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rA. bA. mohanalAlabhAi raNachoDadAsa jhaverInuM A makathana mahIpatarAmanA jIllAne cArja rAvasAheba prANalAlane saMpavAmAM Avyo hate. amane be jaNane DepyuTInA kAmathI chuTA pADI buka kamITImAM membara TharAvyA. tathA rAvasAheba bhegIlAlane amArI buka kamITInA presIDeTa TharAvyA. nizALamAM cAlatI cepaDIo keTalAMka dUSaNone lIdhe baMdha karI, tene badale navI vAMcanapAThamALA taiyAra karavAnuM kAma hopa sAhebe AraMbhya, buka kamITInI ophIsa TrenIMga kolejanA eka oraDAmAM rAkhavAmAM AvI hatI. A kAmamAM hopa sAhebano jAtI zrama athAga hatA. gujarAtI vAMcanamALA pATha taiyAra karavAne sArU IglAMDamAM tathA hiMdustAnamAM cAlatI aMgrejI skula vAMcanamALAonAM pustako bhegAM karyA hatAM, temAMthI te nizAna kare, te mujaba sArI sAdI bhASAmAM gujarAtI pATha taiyAra karavA amane be jaNane pharamAvatA, te pATha taiyAra karI ame buka kamITImAM amArA presIDeTa rAvasAheba bhogIlAla AgaLa vAMcI jatA ne temanI sucanA mujaba bhASAmAM ke bAbatamAM je sudhAre karavo ghaTArata heya te karatA. kamITImAM maMjura thayA pachI te pATha hopa sAheba jAte vAMcI jatA ne temAM kAMI pheraphAra karavA jevuM hoya te te pATha banAvanArane batAvI vadhAre ghaTADo karavo paDe te karIne tenI sApha nakala utAravA buka kamITInA kArakunane ApatA. dararoja e pramANe amAre savAranA dazathI te pAchalA pahoranA pAMca lagI kAma karavuM paDatuM. phakta pahelI copaDI taiyAra karavAne mahIpatarAma ane hopa sAheba, emane aDhI mAsa karatAM ochI mudata lAgI nahotI; evI matalabathI e copaDI racI che ke, bAvana akSaro athI jJa sudhI Ave ne tenI sAthe bArAkhaDI ne joDAkSaranI samaja paNa AvI jAya ke nAnAM bALakane varNamALA zIkhavAne je nIrasa zrama levo paDe che te na levo paDeH e vAta dhyAnamAM rAkhIne vA tathA zabda goThavyAM che. varNo, bArAkhaDI ne joDAkSara zIkhatAM nAnAM chokarAMne traNa cAra mAsa lAge che, te kaSTa dUra karI, artha sahita vAMcana zIkhe te tethI bALakane AnaMda thAya, ne vaLI AMkhanI sAthe akkala paNa keLavAya, evI matalaba e pahelI copaDImAM rAkhelI hatI, paNa mULa dhAraNA rAkhanAra purUSanI icchA phaLIbhUta thaI nahIM. jUnA rIvAja pramANe a, A, kakkI, bArAkhaDI ne joDAkSara zIkhavavAnuM jArI rahyuM. tenAM kAraNa sAdA zikSakanI khAmI tathA lokenI haThIlAI hatI, tema parIkSAnAM dhoraNe 47

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI audhAyAM temAM mULAkSara dAkhala thavAthI tathA gujarAtI lIpInuM dheAraNu khIja lIpIe karatAM saheluM heAvAthI jUnI rItaja kAyama rahelI jaNAya che. vAMcanamALAnA pADAnI veheMcaNa evI rAkhI hatI ke vidyA saMbaMdhI tathA sAdhAraNa ( sAmAnya) jJAna saMbaMdhI pATho taiyAra karavAnuM mane sAMpavAmAM AvyuM hatuM; nIti saMbaMdhI ne bhUgoLa saMbaMdhI pA| racavAnuM kAma rAvasAheba mahIpatarAmane tathA vanaspatI ne prANI saMbaMdhI pADo lakhavAnuM rAvasAheba mayArAmane, itihAsa saMbaMdhInA pAThe rAvasAheba prANalAla lakhatA--tihAsanA pATho aMgrejI je. khI. pAla sAheba taiyAra karatA-e sAhebane heApa sAhebe potAnA ehvAnuM (inaspekaTaranA ehAnuM) kAma karavAne. madada ApavA sArU sarakAra pAse mAgI lIdhA hatA. temane mukAma paNa amadAvAdamAMja rahetA. kavitAnA pATha racavA sArU kavIzvara dalapatarAma DAhyAbhAine buka kamITImAM dAkhala karyAM hatA-kayA viSayapara kavitA karAvavI te kAma rAvasAheba mahIpatarAmanI munasaphI para cheADavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. tathA khIjAM gujarAtI kavitAnAM pustAmAMthI yogya pArTa taiyAra karavAnuM kAma paNa rAvasAheba mahIpatarAmaja karatA. pratyeka pATha cAra vakhata vAMcavAmAM AvataH prathama buka kamITImAM presIDeMTanI rUbarU vaheMcAya, pachI hApa sAheba vAMce, temAMnI kADhelI khAmIe sudhArI bIjI vakhata muka kamITImAM vaheMcAya ne hApasAhebanI maMjurIAta thAya tyAre tenI sApha nakala thAya. evI rIte e kAma ame jInathI akaTAbara Akhara lagI eka sarakhuM jArI rAkhyuM, ne vAMcanamALAnepANA bhAga taiyAra karyo. pachI rAvasAheba bhegIlAlabhAIne potAnA vibhAgamAM javAne hukama thayeA. temaja rA. sA. prANalAla tathA rAvasAheba mayArAma paNa DIsTrIkaTamAM gayA. mAre tathA rAvasAheba mahIpatarAmane cheka phebaravArI sane 1859 sudhI rahevuM paDayuM hatuM-kAraNa e lakhAyalA tamAma pAThene anukramavAra sAta ceApaDIone lAyaka goThavavA tathA lAMbA TUMkA kadamAM hoya te sarakhA karavA tathA chApavAne lAyaka tenI nakala karAvavI, e kAma amAre e jaNane mAthe rAkhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. vAMcanamALA taiyAra karavA sivAya khIjuM agatyanuM kAma hopa sAhebe ajAvyuM, te nizALa paddhati vize bhASaNA ApavAnuM hatuM. pAMca DepyuTIe tathA rAvasAheba bhogIlAla suddhAMne aThavADIAmAM ekavAra bhASaNa peAtAne eMgale khelAvI ApatA. tenI neTa sau letA. te parathI pAkI neTa lakha 48

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rA, bAmehanalAlabhAI raNachoDadAsa jhaverInuM Atmakathana sAhebane vAMcavA ApatA. e sivAya aThavADIAmAM traNa vAra sAmAnya jJAna vizeka pATha ApavAne anukramavAra dareka DepyuTIne pharaja pADatA. TrenIMga kolejamAM je mola skula hatI tenA vidyArthionA varga e kAraNarAra belAvatA. je DepyuTIe je dharaNane lAyakane kathita pATha taiyAra karyo hoya tevA varganA vidyArthione bolAvI badhA DepyuTIonI samakSa pATha ApatA. paMdara mInITano pATha puro thaye ke te vargane rajA ApI bIjA DepyuTIo te kathita pAThanA guNadoSa darzAvatA tathA te para takarAra cAlatI tene nirNaya hepa sAheba karatA. sane 1857nA me mAsamAM cha mahInAnI rajA laI hopa sAheba vilAyata gayelA tyAMthI navI nizALa paddhati tathA zikSaNa vizenA navA graMtha laI AvelA hatA. te dheraNa parathI temaNe potAnAM bhASaNo taiyAra karelAM hatAM. e bhASaNothI DepyuTIone keTalo phAyado thayo te tapAsavAne savAlo ApI saunI lekhIta parIkSA navembaramAM levAmAM AvI hatI. rA. sA. bhogIlAlabhAI e parIkSAmAM beThA hatA, paNa bhASaNa sAMbhaLavAmAM te hAjara rahetA. hopasAheba upaluM badhuM kAma jAte karatA, te uparanI hakIkata parathI jANavAmAM Avaze. paNa te keTalI tvarAthI karatA tene eka dAkhalo basa che. taiyAra karelI vAMcanamALAmAMthI keTalIka copaDIo laI keLavaNIkhAtAnA gujarAtI TrAnsaleTara revaraMDa glAsago je suratamAM rahetA hatA temanI maMjurI levA sArU amadAvAdathI pAchale pahore pote nIkaLyA ne bharUca bIje divase savAre nava vAgate AvI pahoMcyA. tyAMnI aMgrejI skula tapAsI tarata nIkaLyA ne surata TrenamAM gayA, eTalI lAMbI musApharI covIsa kalAkamAM karI, e utsAha ghaNo apUrva kahevAya. vAMcana pAThamALA goThavavAnuM kAma pUruM karI huM tathA mahIpatarAma chuTA paDayA ne pitA potAnA DIsTrIkaTamAM gayA(phebaravArI sana 1859) sana 1858 nA phebaravArI mAsamAM mane mArI jagA para bAhAla karavA tathA rAvasAhebano khetAba ApavA sarakAramAM hopa sAhebe lakhANa karyuM hatuM. te maMjurI mArI mAsamAM AvatAM mane bahAla karyo ne mArA nAmanI pUrve rAvasAheba upanAma joDAyuM. tyAra pahelAM mane eskavAyaranA nAmathI lakhavAno sarakArI rIvAja hato. 49

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI sana 1859 nA phebaravArImAM dolatarAma pAsethI meM mArA cArja lIdhA. phebaravArImAM pA AvyA tyAre DAkAra thaine AvyA hatA kAraNu e gujarAtanuM prasiddha dhama sthaLa mArA jovAmAM AvyuM nahetuM. mArA mitra parAgajI vallabhabhAi umareThanI nizALanA mAstara hatA temaNe mArUM Atithya sArUM karyuM hatuM. sana 1859 nA mAraca aprela ne me traNa mAsa nizALAnI parIkSA karIne pA| mI. dolatarAmane cArja ApI mane muMbai javAne hukama he|pa sAhebe karyAM. hApasAheba keTalA vivekI te sabhya hatA te e parathI jaNAze ke mArA kArakunane mI. dolatarAmanA hAtha heThaLa sAMpyA paNa mArI epIsanA baMne paTAvALAne mArI sAthe muMbai lai javAneA hukama karyo hatA. cha varase muMbaimAM vasavAne vakhata AvyA. sAre saMjoge mArI asala rahevAnI eraDIja mane maLI kemake temAM mArA bhANeja jagannAtha gopALadAsa rahetA hatA. muMbaimAM sana 1859 nA arkaTAbara sudhI rahevAnuM thayuM. te daramyAna mArI hastaka nIce lakhyA mujabanAM kAmA hatAM. 1 vAMcanamALAnI ceApaDIe chapAvavI, tenAM prupha tapAsavAM. 2 khapa paDe te e kAma sArU presamAM javuM ne prIMTarane samajItI ApavI. 3 bIja gaNIta "Taihe's Algebra" nuM bhASAMtara karAvavuM te te chapAvavuM. 4 nizALAne sArU meoTA nakazA jIllA, prAMta, khaMDa vagerenA taiyAra karavAmAM madada karavI. e nakazA taiyAra karavA sArU mI. phAlanane hApa sAhebe kAme lagADayeA hateA. te phurajA khAtAmAM nokara hatA. tyAMthI eka mAsanI rajA levaDAvI tene e kAma soMpyuM hatuM. sAta vAMcana cApaDI tathA pAThAvalI tathA kavitA saMgraha vagere pustako chapAvI mArA kAmathI phAraka thaI pAchA mArI nekarI para huM hAjara thayeA. sana 1860nA varasamAM evA hukama thayeA hateA ke DepyuTI InspekaTarAe navI nizALa padvatI vize je jJAna meLavyuM che te jJAna potAnA tAkhAnA huzIAra mehatAjIene eka sthaLe ekaThA karI bhASaNane rUpe ApavuM tathA kathita pATha kema ApavA, tene paNa abhyAsa karAvavA. te mujaba me navasArI, mukAme Azare paMdara mehatAjIne khelAvI padara vIza dIvasa 50

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rA. bA. mohanalAlabhAI raNachoDadAsa jhaverInuM Atmakathana sudhI bhASaNo ApyAM tathA sAmAnya jJAna vagere viSaye kathita pATha ApI zIkhavavAno mahAvaro pADe. - jyAre sana 1858 mAM huM amadAvAda hatA tyAre myujhIama eTale chokarAone pATha samajavAmAM upayogI paDe evA padArthono saMgraha karavAnuM kAma paNa mane sepyuM hatuM. te pramANe amadAvAdanI TrenIMga kolejane sArU meM saMgrahasthAna racyuM hatuM. mArA junA kArakuna jIvaNarAma jayAnaMda jemane hopa sAhebe ghoghA vibhAganA probezanarI DepyuTI ejyukezana inspekaTara sana 1857mAM nImyA hatA, temaNe ejyukezana khAtAmAMthI badalI karAvI ane AbakArI khAtAmAM suratanA DepyuTI ekAuMTaMTa thayA, paNa tyAMthI rAjInAmuM ApI pAchA pitAnI asala kArakunanI jagA para mArA tAbAmAM AvyA, eTale mahenatu ne vizvAsu prANajIvanadAsa rakhaDatA thayA; teo AMkhanA darathI bahu herAna thayA hatA. bharUca vibhAganA DepyuTI ejyukezanala InspekaTara mI. dolatarAma uttamarAma upara uparIne koI zaka lAgavAthI temanI khAnagI tapAsa karI temane nokarI parathI dUra karyA hatA ane temanI jagA para koI lAyaka mANasa na maLavAthI nImaNuka na thaI, tethI cAra varasamAM bharUca jIllAno cArja pAcho mArI pAse Avyo. bharUca vibhAga sAthe ghoghA vibhAga paNa joDAyo hato, kAraNa te rA. sA. mahIpatarAmanA tAbAmAM hatA. paNa teo vilAyatanI musApharIe javAthI bharUca sAthe joDI dIdhe hato ne kheDAnA DepyuTI InspekTara rA. sA. mayArAmane khAnadeza chalAmAM mokalavAthI te khAlI paDelI jagA rA. sA. mahIpatarAmane ApavAmAM AvI hatI. A uparathI samajAze ke mArA tAbAmAM damaNagaMgAthI te mahI sudhI tathA pazcimamAM kAThIyAvADamAM AvelA amadAvAdanA be paragaNA ghoghA tathA dhaMdhukA eTalA vistAravALI jagA hatI, temAM musApharI karavAnuM ghaNuM muzkela hatuM, paNa eTalo te ArAma hato ke tAbAmAM be kArakuna ane cAra sipAI hatA. hopa sAhebanI badalI gavaranara sara joI kalAkanA prAiveTa se keTarInI jagA para thayAthI InspekaTarano cArja rIcI sAhebanI pAse Avyo. thoDI mudatamAM tenI paNa badalI thavAthI karaTIsa sAhebane cArja se hato. paNa DIja mudatamAM temane pAchA heDamAstaranI jagA para mokalI

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI rasala sAhebane uttara bhAganA inspekaTara banAvyA. gujarAta prAMtane badale uttarabhAga nAma pADavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. kAraNa pAMca jIllA amadAvAda, kheDA, paMcamahAla, bharUca, surata sAthe kekaNane thANA jIllo tathA dakSiNano khAnadeza chelle joDavAmAM Avyo hato. mArI musApharImAM jema ghaghA, dhaMdhukA ne bharUca jIllo vadhyAM hatAM temaja sara jamazedajInI nizALe surata jIllAnI tathA bharUcanI tathA ke kaNa ne tArApura vadhyuM hatuM. - e rIte sana 1861nA saparTobara lagI kAma cAlyuM. tyArabAda bharUca jIllAne cArja mI. prAgajI vallabhabhAI amadAvAda TrenIMga kolejanA AsITaMTane soMpavAne hukama thaye. paNa keTalIka mudata lagaNa eTale prAgajI svataMtrapaNe kAma calAvavA lAyaka thAya tyAM lagaNa mArA tAbAmAM temane seyA hatA tethI mAre dara varase bharUca jIllAmAM tapAsa karavAne javuM paDatuM hatuM. tA. 14 mI saparTobara sane 1861 thI mArA pagAramAM rU. 25) ne dara bhAse vadhAre thaye.DIrekaTara sAheba taraphathI puchavAmAM AveluM ke DepyuTI ImpakaTonA pagAramAM vadhAro karavA sArU sarakAre rU. 125) maMjura karyA che te. tamAre kayA DepyuTIne keTalo vadhAro Apavo che tenI bhalAmaNa karavI. te parathI rasala sAhebe lakhyuM ke mArA gujarAtanA traNe DepyuTI khAtrI lAyaka kAma kare che. A mujaba traNene vAte sarakhA vadhArAnI bhalAmaNa thaI hatI te sarakAre maMjura karI. cha varase pacIsane vadhAre maLe. sana 186ranA varasathI comAsAmAM eTale sapaTembara mAsamAM amadAvAda bajeTa karavA sArU InspekaTaranI ophIsamAM hAjara thavuM paDatuM hatuM te mujaba huM paNa gaelo. sana 1862 nA varasamAM bIjA kAMI jANavA lAyaka banAva nathI. dhArA pramANe nizALonI parIkSA-rIporTa-patra vyavahAra vagere sivAya bIjuM kAMIja karavuM paDayuM nathI. sana 1863nA varasamAM mAre tyAM vaDIla putra motIlAla tathA putrI kamaLAgavarInAM lagna karavAnAM hatAM te saMbaMdhI rajA mAgavA rIperTa karele ke bharca mArA DIsTrIkaTamAM che tyAM rahI vArSika patrako tathA rIporTa huM karIza. ne mAruM lagnanuM kAma sAcavIza, te parathI karaTIsa sAhebe bhalAmaNa karelI ke, eka mAsanI hakanI rajA sarakAre ApavI. paNa DIrekaTara mI. hAvaraDa para

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rA. khA. meAhanalAlabhAi raNacheoDadAsa jhaverInuM Atmakathana bharUcamAM rahIne rajA ApavAnI eprIla me mAM taraphathI lakhANa AvyuM ke, jo e DepyuTI Az2IsakAma karavA cAhe che te te paravAnagI hame ApI che ne hakanI jarUra nathI; evA maherabAna uparIe hatA. e varasanA lagna rUDI rIte karyA, paNa temAM eka khAmo AvI je e hatI ke mArI epIsa je DhoLAva para zeTha govIMdalAla vijabhukhaNadAsanA gharamAM rAkhelI hatI temAM ceArI thavAthI Azare rU|. 150) nuM nukazAna thayuM ne sarakArI sIlIkanA rUpIA paNa gayA hatA te bharavA paDayA. sana 1863nA julAI mAsamAM mI. rasala sAhebe saghaLA DepyuTIene amadAvAdamAM ekaThA karyA hatA ke, sarve TrenIMga kAlejamAM zIkhavavAne madada kare. te vaLI amAre traNa mAsa tyAM rahevuM paDeluM. me mArA mukAma hameza pramANe rAmanI pALamAM mArA mitra acaratalAla malane tyAM na rAkhatAM rA. sA. mahIpatarAmanA baMgalAmAM rAkhelA hatA. e baMgalA TrenIMga kolejanI pAse hIrAlAla pheAjadAravALA hatA, tene trIje mALe mArA nivAsa hatA. gopALajI surabhAI desAi paNa mArI paDeAsamAMja rahetA hatA. amArA saune chuTakA akaTAbaramAM thaye. rasala sAheba jAte ghaNA bhalA AdamI, mAjazeAkhavALA ne dayALu hatA. eka dAkhalA tarIke kahuM chuM ke, eka divase sAhebanA hukama mujaba saghaLA DepyuTIe tathA TrenIMga kolejanA prInsIpAle sAMje pAMca vAgate sAhebane maLavA sArU hAjara thai varadI kahevaDAvI. amane saune upara khelAvyA. sAheba paNa DAhyAbhAInI vADImAM jyAM TrenIMga koleja hatI tyAM agalAmAM rahetA hatA, pote dAdarane meAkhare AvIne ubhA rahyA. jevA amane dIThA ke tarataja pote khelyA "You wisemen of the East I have got no time to talk with you as I am going to sleep. Please come at some other suitable time when I call for you." ame nirAza thayA ne pAchA potapotAne mukAme gayA. sAhebane bhavAI jovAnA zAkha thayA tethI jAte pacAsa rUpIA ApI sArAmAM sArA nAyaka ToLAMne khelAvI vADInA ka`pAuMDamAM bhavAI karAvI, temAM saghaLA kAlarAne tathA DepyuTI vagere mAstarAne teDayA hatA. eka vAra eka madarAsI zatAvadhAna amadAvAdamAM AvyA hatA tenA khela jovAne pacAza rUpI ApyA. evA e sAheba manameAlA hatA. A saghaLI ramujo amArA mukAma amadAvAdamAM hatA tyAre thai hatI. pratyeka DepyuTIne yogyatA pramANe bhUmitI, bIja gaNIta, itihAsa vagere kaoNlejamAM 13

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI zIkhavavAne vakhata Apyo hate; mane bhUmitI sInIyara skelane zIkhavavAnuM soMpyuM hatuM. sana 1863nA sAlamAM DiseMbara mAsamAM zukalatIrthanI yAtrA karavA gayuM hatuM. tyAM paNa rasala sAheba AvI pahoMcyA hatA. suratathI amadAvAda TrenamAM jatAM bharUcanA sTezana para lokonI bhIDa joIne khabara kADhI ke Aje zuM che? e kahyuM ke ahIMthI sAta kesapara zukalatIrtha gAmamAM jAtrA bharAI che tyAM sau jAya che. te parathI pote paNa eka gADI karI rAtre zuklatIrthamAM gayA ne khaLImAM havAladAranA mAMDavAmAM rAtre tenA khATalA para suI rahyA ne savAre mehetAjIne teDAvI maMgAvI devAmAM nahAvA paDyA. taravAmAM ghaNuM khabaradAra hatA; meLo tathA kAranAthanuM daheruM vagere joI pAchA bharUca AvI amadAvAda sidhAvyA hatA; evA zokhIna mANasa hatA. mAro meLApa thayo hato tyAre mane kahyuM ke, narma dAmAM nAhI viSNunAM darzana karI pavitra tha chuM. sana 1864 nA varasamAM vizeSa hakIkata theDIja che. tA. 4 thI julAIthI traNa mAsanI hakanI rajA laI huM muMbaI gayo hato. manamAM lobha e hatuM ke koI sArI vadhAre pagAranI jagA beMka ke mIlamAM maLe te rahevuM, ne sarakArI nokarI choDavI. evI lAlaca utpanna thavAnuM kAraNa mArA mitra prANalAla mathurAdAsa tathA kekhazarU horamasajI AlapAIvALA tathA rAvasAheba bhogIlAla prANavallabhadAsa sarakArI nokarI choDI moTe pagAre beMkanA menejara thayA hatA. thoDA dahADA muMbaImAM rahyA. premacaMda rAyacaMdane maLyA, temaNe mane traNa rUpIAnI jagA karAMcImAM ApavA kahyuM. paNa te mane sAruM lAgyuM nahIM. pune mArA mitra maMchArAma narabherAmane maLavA gayo tyAM zeTha rUstamajI jamazedajI jIjIbhAInI mulAkAta thaI. temaNe mane eTalI ja zIkhAmaNa dIdhI ke, sarakArI nokarI choDI kaI beMkamAM rahevAnI lAlacamAM paDaze nahIM. thoDo pagAra maLe paNa sarakArI nokarI sArI gaNavI. e vAta mArA mana para ThasI tethI vadhAre prayatna na karatAM huM mArA mitra rA. sA. nArAyaNabhAInI bhalAmaNa laI paMDharapuranI jAtrAe gaye, tyAMnA mAstara tathA phojadAra tathA DAkaTara sAthe sArI mitrAcArI thaI. temaNe mane siphArasa karI zalApura jevA mokalyo. tyAMnA DAkaTara nArAyaNarAva ghaNuM hetALa hatA temane ghera utaryo. zelApuramAM te vakhate meTuM taLAva hatuM, tenuM pANI lekanA pIvAmAM AvatuM, tethI 54

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2. bA. mehanalAlabhAI raNachoDadAsa jhaverIne Atmakathana temAM nAhavA devAnI manAI hatI, tenI mane mAhItI na hovAthI, huM mArAM chetI-aMguTho dhovA jato hato eTale tyAM ubhelA lekee mane aTakAvyo ke e kAma karaze nahIM, sarakAranA gunhegAra thaze ne zikSA pAmaze. nahAvuM devuM hoya te bahAra pANI bharI lAvI tema kare. zelApuramAM be traNa dahADA rahI pune pAcho gaye. gaNeza caturthInA tahevAra punAmAM ghaNA vakhANavA lAyaka thAya che, te joI pAcho muMbaI gayo ne rajA purI thate nokarI para hAjara thaze. A muMbaInI musApharI mitronA meLApa sivAya dravyanI bAbatamAM sArI nIvaDI nahIM. zeranA vepAramAM pAMca hajAra kharaca karyA temAM muDI, thaelo naphe tathA bIjA gharanA bharatAM chuTake thayo. A vepAra karAvAmAM mArA mitra gaMgAdAsa kIzoradAsanI sahAyatA hatI. temane paNa nukazAna thayuM ne mArA paNa paisA gayA. joITa sToka karapArezananA paMdara zera lIdhelA hatA, teNe devALuM kADhayuM ne bIjA navA kela zeraholDare para devuM vALavAne kADhayA. rUpIA paMdaraso, kolanA bharavA paData paNa gaMgAdAsanI tadabIrathI mAro chuTake traNase rUpIA bharavAthI ja thayo hato. sana 1865nA varasamAM vizeSa hakIkata nathI. sana 1866nA phebaravArImAM muMbaI IlAkAnA DIrekaTara opha inTrakazana sara AlekajhAMDara grAMTa bAroneTanI mulAkAtane sArU InspekTare teDelA mATe eka aThavADIuM tyAM javuM paDeluM, tA. 5 thI 12 sudhI, amadAvAda AvI temaNe kAMI vadhAre kAma karyuM nathI. DepyuTIone maLyA ne sAdhAraNa vAtacIta karI, khabara aMtara puchI hatI. huM maLavA game tyAre varadI kahevaDAvavA chatAM mane bahAra thaMbhAvI rAkhe, bIjIvAra jyAre pharIthI cIThI sAthe varadI mokalI tyAre mulAkAta thai. sana 1867nA varasamAM bharUca jIllAno svataMtra cArja mI. parAgajIne maLavAthI mAre te tarapha javAnuM tathA te nizALe tapAsavAnuM baMdha thayuM. InspekaTare mAro rIporTa mAMgyo ke have parAgajI svataMtra rIte kAma karavAne lAyaka thayo che ke nahIM? mArA anubhava pramANe te lAyaka thayo che, evuM lakhavAthI mArI dekharekha nIcethI te nIkaLI gayA ne inspekaTara sAthe hAbahAra lakhANa vagere karavA mAMDayuM. 55

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI sana 1868nA phebaravArImAM mArA putra maganalAla tathA mArI putrI tArAgavarInAM lagna karyo. sana 1868nA akaTobaramAM zukalatIrthanI yAtrA, eja varasanA krIsTamasa (nAtAla)nA tahevAramAM bharUca khAte saMgrahasthAna thayuM hatuM. tenI yojanA karanAra mI. hopa suratanA kalekaTara hatA. ghaNA dezonA rAjA jevA ke gAyakavADa, nAMdoda, dharamapara, vAMsadA tathA muMbaInA gavaranara tathA ghaNuM paradezIo AvyA hatA. saMgrahasthAna ughADavAnI kriyA gavaranara sAhebe karI hatI. e prasaMge ejyukezanala InspekTara mI. karaTIsa hatA. temaNe gujarAtanI nizALane daza divasanI rajA ApI hatI tethI ghaNuM mahetAjIe tathA DepyuTIo bharUca AvyA hatA. hAITaroDa para AvelI jInIMga phekaTarI amajada bAga nAme oLakhAya che, temAM e saMgrahasthAnano maMDapa racavAmAM AvyA hatA tathA saDakane uttara pAse gavarara, rAjAo, yuropIano vagerene sArU taMbuo mAravAmAM AvyA hatA ne moTI zabhA saDaka para kamAnothI tathA vAvaTAthI karI hatI. saMgrahasthAnamAM jAta jAtanuM kApaDa, vAsaNo, yaMtra. vagere goThavyAM hatAM. ne darabAra tathA saMgrahasthAna jevAne sArU TIkITa (pAsa) kADhI hatI, te be jAtanI hatI. pahelA varganA pAsanI kImata rU. pAMca ne bIjA varganI rU. traNa hatI. e pAsa daza dIvasa saMgrahasthAna khulluM rahyuM tyAM sudhI kAma ApatI hatI. eka pAsethI ghaNA judA judA mANaso joI zakatA. e saMgrahasthAna ughaDayuM tyAre gavaranare moTI bhavya darabAra maMDapamAM bharI hatI. mANasa tathA vAhananI garadI eTalI thaI hatI ke, eka polIsa svArano gheDo camakyuM ne te kaTherAmAM guMcavAI paDavAthI paga bhAge, tene tarataja goLI mArI pure karavAmAM Avyo hato. eja vakhate mI. karaNIsanI jagyA para DA. khUhalara nImAvAthI teo cArja levA AvyA hatA. mI. kaTIsa pitAnI jagAno cArja mane soMpIne gayA hatA tethI meM ophIsano cArja Aye. mI. karaTIsanA hAtha taLe tathA DAkaTara myularanA hAtha taLe kevuM kAma bajAveluM tenA dAkhalAne sAru parIzISTa ( ) tathA ( ) mAM temanAM ApelAM saraTIkenI nakala che. sana 1869mAM vizeSa varNana karavA jevuM nathI, paNa DAkaTara myularanA hAtha nIce sakhata kAma karavAnuM hatuM. te navA hatA, gujarAtInuM svalpa jJAna 56

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rA. bA. mehanalAlabhAI raNachoDadAsa jhaverInuM Atmakathana hatuM paNa jAte mahenatu ane tIkSNa buddhinA hatA tethI eTale hAtha taLenAM mANaso pAse sakhata kAma lenArA hatA. sana 1869nA varasamAM paNa zukalatIrthanI jAtrA karI hatI. DAkaTara myulara AkaTIMga hatA eTale temanI badalI thavAthI te jagA para mI. karaTIsa bahAla thayA. temanI prakRti cemAsA (sana 1870) mAM bagaDavAthI mI. je. bI. pIla DAyarekaTara thavAthI, temanuM citta vyagra thayuM. lokalakuMDanA makAne bAMdhavAnuM kAma temanI pAse rahevAthI nANuM rahevA lAgyuM temAMthI keTaloka bhAga khAnagI vaparAyAthI ghaNIja ghelachA AvI gaI. pitAnI jAtane IjA karavA lAgyA, mAthuM pheDayuM, ne game tema lAvavA mAMDayuM. mI. pIla mArA hastakanAM nANAMne hIsAba mAMgaze to te kema apAze? sarakArI nANuM kyAM gayuM evAM evAM vA uca. e veLA e sAhebane mukAma suratamAM hato. mAre jaI keTaloka dIlAse Apa paDatuM, paNa te saghaLuM pANImAM jatuM. Akhare ophIsano cArja mAre levo paDe ne sAhebane emanA maDama vilAyata laI gayAM. ophIsano cArja 13 sapaTembara sane 1870 thI tA. 5 navembara sane 1870 lagI rahyo ne pachI DAkaTara myulara pachI pAchA kAyama nImAIne AvyA. sana 1870nI sAlamAM be vAra amadAvAda javuM paDeluM. julAImAM bajeTa sArU tathA akabaramAM TrenIMga kolejanI parIkSA sArU. karaTIsa TesTImenIala phaMDa ubhuM karyuM, eja varasamAM, temAM rU. 25) ApavA paDayA hatA ne te saghaLe aveja emanI mADamane mokalavAmAM Avyo hato. sana 1869nA navembaramAM DIrekaTara mI. pIla sAhebe mane gujarAtI buka kamITIne eka meMbara nI, te oddho sarakArI nokarI choDyA pachI paNa mI. cAIlsanI bhalAmaNathI jArI rAkhyo che. sana 1868nA varasamAM mI. karaTIse mane sUcanA karI ke iMglaMDane ItihAsa gujarAtI bhASAmAM nathI te pustaka tAre taiyAra karavuM. te parathI emanI bhalAmaNa mujaba DevIsa kRta IgleMDane ItihAsa bApe dIkarA para lakhelA patranA rUpamAM che, tenuM dhoraNa pakaDI tathA keTalAka vadhAre ghaTADo karI pustaka karyuM. ane jyAre mI. karaTIsa IgleMDa sana 1868-6dhyAM gayA tyAre temane tapAsavA ApyuM hatuM. temaNe tapAsIne potAnA sArA abhiprAya sAthe tathA keTaloka sudhAre karavAnI sUcanA sAthe eDanathI mArA upara te pAchuM me kahyuM. pIla sAheba DirekaTara thayA tyAre te chapAvAne araja karelI. te 57

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI parathI tuMmAre| tathA lakhANa cAlatAM sana 1873mAM aMta AvyeA. sarakAre te graMtha laI ne peAtAne mAthe chApavAnI nA kahI. paNa jo huM mAre jokhame chapAvuM teA sarakAra te pustakanI keTalIka prata lAIbrerI sArU rAkhaze tathA nizALeAmAM InAmeAmAM vAparavA paravAnagI Apaze ema jaNAvyuM. sarakAre tA phakta 170 nakala rAkhI. paNa InAma vagere kAma sArU kharIdavAmAM AvIne hajAra khIjI nakala pUrI thaI. enI kImata rU. 1) rAkhI hatI te mALakhAdha akSare chApI hatI. have temAMnI zeAdhI nakala jaDatI nathI. sana 1870nA sapTeMbara tA. 15 thI inspekTaranI epIsanA cArja mArI pAse hovAthI akaTobaramAM tA. 1 thI tA. 22 sudhI gujarAta TrenIMga kAlejanI vArSika parIkSA levA sArU amadAvAdamAM rahevuM paDayuM. te veLA mukAma paNa kolejanI imAratamAMja rAkhyA hatA. sane 1871nA eprIlanI tA. 1 thI mArA pagAramAM rU. 25) ne vadhArA thayA eTale rU. 175) ne khadale rU. 200) maLavA lAgyA. potAnA samayanA keLavaNIkArA temaja prakhyAta sAhitya rasiko sAthe emane sArA saMbaMdha hatA ne e saMbaMdha emanA svargavAsa sudhI cAlu rahyo hatA. buddhivardhaka sabhAnA sabhyA, vAMcana pAThamALAnA emanA sahakArya karo, uparAMta kavi narmada jevA anya vidvAne sAthe paNa emane saMbaMdha hatA. suratanI pAse AvelA aDAjaNa gAmanI nizALa kavi narmadAzaMkarane hAthe emaNe khullI mukAvI hatI.* kavi narmadAzaMkara emane tathA emanA pitA viSe nIce pramANe peAtAnA dharmavicAramAM jaNAve che:---- prathama cApaDIe ane mahetAjIe taiyAra karavAmAM, ne nizALeA thayA pachI vyavasthA tathA vRddhine arthe zrama lIdhA jeNe, te bharUcanA meADha vANIA raNacheDadAsane ame AraMbha kALA gujarAtanI prasiddhine pahelA purUSa kahIzuM. tenAja bhaNAvelA durgArAma mahetAjIe maMtrAdika tathA punaCgna * muMbainA aThavADIka patra "gujarAtI" mAM sane 1908 nI sAlamAM A Atmakathana prasiddha thaeluM; te rA. khA. meAhanalAlane pAtAne hAthe ja lakhAeluM hAvAthI prasiddha karyuM che. tyArabAdane ahevAla emanA kuTuMba taraphathI maLyA che. * e zALA khullI mukatI vakhate joDavAmAM AvelA doharAnuM adha pada nIce mujabanuM maLI Ave che: " dhanya aDAjaNa gAmane, dhanya ahiMnA loka, " 58 v

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rA. bA. mehanalAlabhAI raNachoDadAsa jhaverInuM Atmakathane saMbaMdhI sudhArAnA vicAra potAnI nagrInA lokomAM caracAtA kIdhA ne prajAkAma sarakAranA saMbaMdhamAM maratAM sudhI kIdhAM. raNachoDadAsanA moTA dIkarA mohanalAle buddhivardhaka sabhAnA pahelA samayamAM sArAM sArAM bhASaNa karyo hatAM. te nAnA dIkarA manamehanadAsa te hamaNAM bharUcanI prArthanA samAjamAM kavitA vANIe prArthanA tathA bhASaNo kare che. raNachoDadAsane pitAne vedAMtanA graMtha vAMcavA para prIti hatI evI amArI smRti che, suratanA mahUma suprasiddha vakIla kALAbhAI gujarAta temaja muMbAinA nAmAMkita purUSonA saMsargamAM ghaNA AvelA teoe rA. bA. mohanalAlabhAI mATe nIcenI hakIkata jaNAvI hatI. mI. kALAbhAI jyAre pAMca varSanA hatA tyAre emanA pitA lallubhAI munasaphe rA. bA. mehanalAlane eka mhoTI Tea-Party ApelI (cAhA pANIne meLAvaDo karelo.) Aje evA meLAvaDA sAdhAraNa che paraMtu te kALamAM evA meLAvaDA kavacita ja thatA je asAdhAraNa gaNAtA hovAthI tene bahu mahattva apAtuM. e meLAvaDA samaye rA. bA. mehanalAle je pyAlA rakAbI vAparelAM te kuTuMbamAM smaraNa cinha tarIke emaNe jALavI rAkhelAM. e meLAvaDAnA mahattvanuM eka bIjuM paNa kAraNa e hatuM ke temAM nAhAnAM chokarAMne zikhavavA mATe eka nizALa (Infant School) kADhavAne vicAra thayelo ne tyAMne tyAMja e bAbatanI eka kamITI nakkI thaI, jenA saranazIna rA. bA. mehanalAla hatA ane mI.motIrAma bhagubhAI tathA rA. lallubhAI munasapha sekreTarI hatA. matIrAma prANajIvanadAsa, nAnAbhAI harIdAsa, mahIpatarAma rUparAma, lallubhAI kezavalAla ane kahAnadAsa maMchArAma membara hatA. dara mahIne nIcalA sagrahasthA taraphathI nANAnI madada maLatI. jethI e skula cAlatI. mIra jAphara alIkhAna, mullAMjI sAheba, zeTha bamanajI bhAvanagarI, AtmArAma bhukhaNavALA, zeTha maMchubhAI, dIvAnajI mIThArAma dayArAma, zeTha cunIbhAI cakA vagere. mIsIsa henarI hobArTanI paNa emAM madada hatI (sana 1854-55). gopIparAmAM asala je jagAe thIosophIkala sosAITInuM makAna hatuM tyAM e skula besatI, ane mI. jaTAzaMkara nAmanA eka naramala skolarane rA. bA. mehanalAlanI bhalAmaNathI mAstara nImavAmAM Avyo hato. mI.. kALAbhAI, emanAM bahena tathA ThAkoradAsa cunIbhAI cakAe skUlanA pahelA bALa nizALIA hatA. kaMDara paha

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI gAnanI rUDhI mujabanAM mADala tathA maNakAnAM phrema, pIkacarA vagerenI madadathI tyAM magajanI keLavaNI zarU karavAmAM AvatI. kIMDara gAnanI patinuM mULa te vakhatathIja rA. bA. meAhanalAlanA prayAsathI reApAyaluM ema A uparathI jaNAya che. rA. lallubhAInI muMbaI sadara dIvAnI adAlatamAM badalI thaI tyAM sudhI e zALA cAlI. pachI 1857 mAM mI. motIrAma bhagubhAInA hAthamAM cArja AvyA. jemaNe badhe! sAmAna tathA zALAne bakSIsa maLeluM dhaDIALa paNa vecI nAMkhyAM, moDela, pIkacara vagerene kevI rIte upayoga karavA te batAvavA rA. bA. meAhanalAla vAraMvAra e zALAmAM jatA. emane gujarAtI, marAThI, aMgrejI, saMskRta, UrdU bhASAonuM sArUM jJAna hatuM. urdU bhASA te peAtAnA eddAne aMge zIkhavI paDelI. suratamAM U zALAe hatI. te tapAsavAnuM kAma paNa emane mAthe hatuM. AjanI mAphaka te samayamAM dareka jIllAmAM saMkhyAbaMdha DepyuTIe na hatA. emanA Atmakathana parathI jaNAze ke emane ekale hAthe keTalI badhI zALAe tapAsavI paDatI hatI. potAnA eddAne aMge jeTaluM jeTaluM jANavAnuM tathA zIkhavAnuM Avazyaka lAge teTaluM zIkhI levuM e hetuthI urdUnA abhyAsa karele. emanuM sAmAnya jJAna paNa ghaNuMja UMcA prakAranuM hatuM. gaNItamAM te Aje je dhAraNa M. A.mAM che tyAM sudhInA emaneA khIja gaNItaneA abhyAsa hatA. padArtho vijJAnamAM paNa Newton'snA Principiane emanA sAre| abhyAsa hatA. emanI lAibrerImAMnA pustakonI yAdI parathI jaNAya che ke gujarAtI-aMgrejI ceApaDIo uparAMta emAM marAThI cApaDIo paNa sArI saMkhyAmAM hatI. svabhAve ee zAMta, sadA hastA maheADAnA, kasAyelA zarIranA, kuTuMba premI hatA eTaluMja nahIM paNa hAtha nIcenA mANaso pratye paNa vAtsalya bhAva rAkhatA. junA nAkarA saradArakhAM tathA zIvAjI nAme hatA temanA para DeTanA TheTha sudhI bhAva rAkhelo eTaluMja nahIM paNa temanA gaMbhIra doSo pratye paNa udAra bhAvathI jotA. emanA svabhAva eTalA zAMta tathA mananuM ekAgrapaNuM evuM sarasa hatuM ke ee lakhatA vAMcatA hoya tyAM chokarAMe tAphAna kare, jIma barADA pADe paNa tethI kAI divasa paNa chekarAMo para gusse thatA nahIM. F

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rA. khA. meAhanalAlabhAi raNacheAdAsa jhaverInuM Atmakathana surata jIllA paratve te emanI leAkaprIyatA eTalI hatI ke Aje paNa kA kAI khuNethI "DepyuTI"nA eddAnuM nAma "meheAlAla" koi vRddha purUSane mahADethI sAMbhaLavAmAM Ave che. emanA mRtyuno zeka darzAvavA bharUcanA zaherIenI maLelI sabhAmAM thayalA TharAvamAMnA penzana lIdhA pachI amArA zaheranA dareka jAhera kAmamAM agra bhAga lai zaheranI sArI sevA bajAvI che." zabdo emanI zaherI tarIkenI kArkidI darzAve che. emanI kRtio : 1 dezATaNa. 2 rasAyana zAstra. ( 7 bhASaNeAnI hAramALA ) 3 strI keLavaNI. 4 ilekaTrIka TelIgrAph ( vIjaLInA kAsada ) ( bhASaNeAnI hAramALA ) 5 DekapUra mahAtma 6 akhegItA. 7 vallabhamULanA garabA. 8 ceArAsI vaiSNavanI vArtA. 9 nItie|dha kathA. 10 mareThI akhara. e bhAga (saM. 1911 ) 11 ezIA khaMDanI bhUgeALanI samajutI. 12 IMglAMDanA saMkSipta itihAsa. A sivAya nIcenAM pustakA sudhArIvadhArI emaNe prasiddha karelAMH---- dezI hisAba. gujarAtI-aMgrejI keASa-karasanadAsa mULajIkRta. buddhiva ka sabhAnA garabA paNa emaNe chapAvI prasiddha karyAM hatA.

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI rA. sA. mayArAma zaMbhunAtha caritra rAvasAheba mayArAma zaMbhunAthane janma, gAma meAtA, tAluke kaDAda jIlle surata, ilAke muMbAImAM, saMvata 1886nA caitra sudI 13, mukAkhIla mA sane 1830 isvIne rAja thayA hatA. ( tArIkha, vAranI khabara nathI. ) e jAte hiMdu (gujarAtI) mAtALA brAhmaNa (meAtA gAma uparathI mAtALA brAhmaNa nAma paDayuM hoya ema lAge che. ) emanA pUrvajo sArA kuTuMbanA tathA vidvAna hatA, ane dhakRtyanA kAmamAM ghaNA kuzaLa hatA. emanA dAdA, bhAidAsa, emanA vakhatanA gAmanA nAnA taDanA taDavAI paTela hatA, ane temanuM sArAkuLa eTale zAmakuLamAM bhAradrAja gotrInI kanyA dudhIdevI sAthe lagna thayuM hatuM ane temanA pitA zaMbhunAtha kAvyamAM eTalA teA kuzaLa hatA ke Adhe AvenA vidyArthIe temanI kIrti sAMbhaLIne temanI pAse vidyAbhyAsa karavA AvatA. e zaMbhunAtha evA guNI ane zAMta svabhAvanA hatA ke emane sAmethI koI e patthara mArI AMkha phADI nAMkhI, tApaNu tenI upara phariyAda ke kAMI durbhASaNa karyAM vagara besI rahyA ane kheAlyA ke thavAkALa thayuM emAM bIjAne vAMka nathI. vaLI te eTalA zaramALa hatA ke temanI vidvatA joi temane puNAmAM gRhasthAne tyAM kathA purANa karAvavA temanA sagA snehI lei gayA; tyAM meDhAmAMthI bhASaNa paNa purepurUM thatuM nahatuM, e kAmamAM pAra paDayA nahi, tyAre potAnA jajamAnanAM gAma rAjaparAmAM peAtAnI udarapASaNa vRttI jIvatAM sudhI temaNe calAvI. temanA svabhAva temanI vAkya siddhi tathA nibhatA tathA dAna pratigrahanA anAdaranI vAtA hajI sudhI temanA jajamAnAmAM cAle che. temanuM lagna bhAradvAja gotramAMnA meTA kulIna zIvadata ANu dabhaTanA dIkarA mayAbhaTanI vacalI dIkarI nAme kAzI vere thayuM hatuM. rA. sA. mayArAma e kAzInI kukhe ATha cheAkarAMomAMnA sauthI nAnA dIkarA ghaNI dIlagIrInI veLAe janma pAmyA hatA. emanA janma samaye emanI ena nAme prAkAra je Azare ATha varSanI hatI, te tarataja rAMDI hatI. tethI saghaLA nAtanA lokomAM tathA temanA kuTuMbamAM raDApITa cAlatA hatA. tethI emanI mAneA emanA upara bahuja te vakhate anAdara hatA, ane te emane purepurUM dhavarAvatAM paNa nahi. ane temanuM dhe DIga ahAra vADAmAMja paDI rahetuM hatuM, keAI darakAra rAkhatuM na hatuM. tethI pADApaDezI dhavarAvatAM, agara niha tA emanI mA je cheADI rAMDayAne lIdhe khuNe rahetAM phara

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. sA. mayArAma zaMbhunAtha caritra temanI pAse laI jaI kahetAM ke, kAzI Ane ekavAra te khoLe le? ane dhavA. tyAre te duHkhanuM dUdha dhavAre, ane ghaNIkharI vAra te emanI meTI bena lakhamI jemane te vakhate maMchArAma nAmane chokare varasekane thaele hata, te dhavADatI. eTaluM duHkha chatAM paNa temanA pItA zaMbhunAthane svabhAvanI rIta pramANe bIlakula emane anAdAra nahoto. e gharamAM dukhane raDApITane lIdhe pitAnA jajamAnAnA gAmamAM ghaNAkharA rahetA, tethI mayArAmane janma samaye paNa ghera nahotA. te jyAre ghera AvyA ne chokarAnA janamanI vAta sAMbhaLI, tyAre teo jotiSya paNa sAruM jANatA hatA tene lIdhe ke anumAnathI ke, vAkya sIdithI kahevA lAgyA che e cheka meTe kuLadI tathA parAkramI nikaLaze. duHkhanA divasamAM janma thayo tethI emanA koIe janmAkSara paNa karAvyA nahi. e kuLanuM AdInAma upAdyA, paNa zaMbhunAtha tathA bhAIdAsa vyAkaraNa, purANa, tathA kAvya bhaNyA hatA, tethI bhaTanI aTake oLakhAya che. 3. janmAkSara nahi tethI janmarAsInuM nAma na pADatAM 1. lI kalamamAM lakhelA emanI mAnA bApa mayAbhaTanuM nAma leNuM rAkhavA emanuM nAma mayArAma pADayuM. emanA mAThA bhAge ke Izvara IcchAe, pite traNa varSanI umare pahoMcatAM pahelAM emanA bheLA pItAne kALa thaye. tethI saghaLo gharakhaTalo emanI mAnI upara AvI paDe. kemake emanA moTAbhAI dInAnAtha, je hAla bhUjadarabAra sagIra rAjA tathA phaTAyA kuMvaranA vidyAgurU che, temanI umara te vakhate cha varSanI hatI. eTale pAMca mANasanA vistArI kuTuMbane AdhAra jajamAna vRtti upara AvI paDe. kemake bhAIdAsa bhaTanA vArAnuM je kAMI thoDuM ghaNuM saMcIta dravya hatuM te emanA kAkA trIkamabhaTe gAma ijAre rAkhyAM hatAM temAM tathA UgharANI DubI gaI temAM gumAvI dIdhuM. paNa emanI mAnI buddhi, caturAI, DahApaNu, tathA karakasarathI kuTuMbanuM piSaNa jajamAna vRtti upara cAlyuM. eTaluM ja nahi paNa chokarAone janoI vagere kharaca karatAM paNa sagAonI bhIDa vakhate madada thavAya eTaluM dravya saMcaya thayuM. mayArAmane joI sAta varSe AyuM, ane nAtanI rIta pramANe pitAnuM moTuM taDa jamADI brahmabhojana karyuM hatuM. rA. sA. mayArAmanI umara pAMca varSanI thaI, eTale te hoMze hoMze. pitAnA vaDAbhAI dInAnAthanI sAthe gAmanI sarakArI nizALe javA lAge che ane evI te chAnI rIte zikhyA ke nizALanA mehetAjI narabherAma jezaMkara

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI je emanA banevI ( emanI meATI mena lakhamInA vara ) thatA hatA, temanI AgaLa cha varasanI uMmare AMka purA karI prathama dekhADavA gayA, tyAre bahu Azcarya pAmyA, ane zAkhAsa mayArAma karI melyA. jyAre sAtame varSe janoI ApyuM, te vakhate chekarA zA dhaMdhA karaze evuM jovAne rIta pramANe pAse tyAM kalama, pethI, astro, haLa, capu vagere mukI temAMthI marajI Ave te ucakavAnuM kahevAmAM Ave che, te pramANe mayArAme temAMthI pothI ucakI, eTaluMja nahiM paNa tyAM beThelAM strI purUSo samakSa te brAhmaNI akSara dharma gurUne vAMcI saMbhaLAvyA. eTalI bhaNuvAmAM capaLatA hatI. e vakhatathI temane vidyAbhyAsane Arala thayA. varasa traNeka sarakArI nizALamAM potAnA banevI pAse bhaNyA, eTale mahetAjIne vadhAre keLavaNI ApavA mATe keLavaNI khAtAnI kheDe muMbAI elAvyA. te nizALa te Ave tyAMsudhI baMdha kIdhI. eTale mayArAmane eka gAmaDI mahetAjI ( jene mAra sAMbhaLI mayArAmane kamakamI AvatI) tenI nizALe mUkavA mATe te mahetAjIne mayArAmanI mAne bahu Agraha thavA lAgyA. ane te mukavAnI taiyArImAM hatAM, paNa te gharamAM mastI tophAna karatA nahIM, tathA temanI mAnA kahyAmAM rahetA, ane gharanuM kAmakAja karatA, tethI tathA gAmamAM te brAhmaNIA vidyA zikhatA, tathA sarakArI nizALa pAchI jaladI udhaDaze evI vadatA cAlI, tethI mayArAmanA kahevAne anusarIne temanI mAe temane gAmaThI nizALe mukayA nahi. nahi te| mayArAmanA bhAgaja maLyA hota. te mahetAjInA nAmathIja trAsa varatI rahyo hatA. ane mayArAma te kahetA ke, jIjI mane adhyArUnI nizALe na mukIza, huM jyotiSanuM bhaNavA mAMDuM, tethI tema karavA mAMDayuM. te pahelAM brAhmaNIA, sadhyApUjA, vaizvadeva, mahImana, rUdrI, adhyAya, zrAdha eTalA graMthA zIkhyA hatA. emanI mAnA manamAM emane jotISya ( joSInuM ) zIkhavavAnuM hatuM, tethI temaNe bAra varasanI vayamAM, sArUhAra grahagocara, ane jAtikacadrikA evA traNa graMtha naitiSyanAnuM adhyayana karyuM. e arasAmAM temanI huzIArI temanA gurUenA manamAM eTalI tA AvI ke tee, e pAse te dararAja 4 kSeAka sArAdvAranA zikhe, te khIje divase mayArAma khelI jai barAbara artha sAthe karI batAve, tethI te AzrayaM pAmatA. eka sArAhAranA graMtha zIkhyA pachI bIjo graMtha zIkhyA, paNa te eTalA teA kaThaNa hatA ke, zAstrInI madada vagara zIkhavI zakAya 64

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rA. sA. mayArAma zaMbhunAtha caritra nahi. mATe te jozIe kahyuM ke A graMtha mArAthI nahi zIkhavADAya. mATe dulharAma jozI pAse jAe. tene dAdo zAstrI che te arthe besADI tamane zIkhavaze. temanI paNa mayArAme zAbAzI meLavI, ane tene eTalA saMtASa pamADayA ke, pAchaLathI mayArAmane peAtAnI kanyA ApavA tatpara thayA, paNa temanA moTAbhAi dInAnAthanAM lagna thayAM nahotAM tethI e vAta paDatI rahI. sarakArI nizALanA mahetAjI muMbaithI pAchA te gAma gayA ke sarakArI nizALe javAnuM mayArAme zarU karyuM. temAM 13 varasanI UmaramAM gujarAtI saMpUrNa abhyAsa vyAkaraNa, bhUgALa, itihAsa gaNItamAM varSAMsamikaraNa sudhI kayeryAM, ane jotiSamAM jAtikacaMdrikA gaNItanA AraMbha thayAnI taiyArI hatI, te daramyAna mayArAmanI buddhi vize gAmanA vidvAnAmAM bahu vakhANa thatAM, tethI eka zAstrIe keTalAka vyAkaraNanA prazna temane puchyA tenA uttara (popaTIyA) evA sarasa temanA dhyAnamAM utaryAM ke temaNe peAtAnA dostadAra je mayArAmaneA mesIAI bhAI hatA tene bhalAmaNa karI ke kAzIkuine kahI emane bhaTanuM (zAstrInuM) bhaNAveA. e bahu heAziAra nIkaLaze, paNa emanI uMmara nAnI tathA mAnA prema paNa dahADe dahADe bahu thayeA, tethI potAnI AMkha AgaLathI vidyAbhyAsa mATe bahAra kADhaveA, e emanI najaramAM durasta na lAgyAthI ke jyeAtiSanI kAma jeTalI vidyA gheADA kALamAM prApta thAya ane peAtAnA jajamAna vRttinuM kAma jaladI jaladI karavA lAge te potAne mAthenA kheo jAya, evA hetuthI jyeAtiSanuM tathA nizALanuM bhaNavAnuM emanI mAe jArI rakhAvyuM. e pramANe cAlatAM cAlatAM sane 1843nA jAnevArI mAsamAM muMbaInI elapInasana koleja tathA prephesara mI. dvArakanIsa je gujarAtI sarakArI nizALAnA kheA epha ejyukezana taraphathI suparInTenDenTa hatA, teenI svArI zrI meAtAmAM parIkSA levA AvI, tenI sAthe InspekTara raheADalAla gIradharabhAI paNa hatA, te nizALanI parIkSA lei eTalA khuzI thayA ke mayArAmane tathA mehetAjInA dIkarA machArAmane tabue khelAvI InAma ApI temane muMbaI mekalavA vAste mehetAjIne puchyuM, temaNe meAkalyAnI hA kahI, tethI temanAM nAma lakhI lIdhAM ane kahyuM je temane muMbaImAM bhaNavA meAkalajo, ame temane pagAra ApI zIkhavIzuM evuM kahyuM. ane temane pharI hukama lakhI teDAvyAthI juna mAsamAM muMbAI gayA. tyAM varaseka zIkhyA, ane sana 1844mAM khIjA mehetAjIe sAthe parIkSA ApI, temAM naMbara 1le AvyA. paNa nAnI uMmarane lIdhe 65 huM

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI mehetAjInI jagyA maLI nahIM, ane sane 1846mAM mehetAjIene taiyAra karavA mATe normala kalAsa nIkaLe temAM zIkhavA rU. 5) nA pagAre bhayArAmanuM nAma nedhAyuM. tethI mI. hArakanIsa ghaNuM khuzI thayA. paNa temAM je chokarAo zIkhavAne AvyA hatA, teo ghaNuM kAcA hatA, tethI temane pehelethI zIkhavavAnuM zarU karyuM. temAM thoDA divasa rahyAthI mayArAmane lAgyuM je AmAM varasa 1-1 sudhI mAruM akheluMja zIkhavavAmAM Avaze, tethI teTale vakhata kaTa jaze. tethI mI. hArakanIsane kahyuM ke amArI aMgrejI zIkhavavAnI khuzI che, mATe aMgrejImAM besavA paravAnagI Ape, e sAMbhaLI sAheba bahu gusse thayA, ane kahevA lAgyA je tamAre vAte ATalI mahenata karI sarakAramAM lakhyuM tathA tamAre pagAra bAMdhI Ape te saghaLuM pANImAM nAMkhavAnuM kare che? paNa mayArAme kahyuM ke amArAM be varSa phokaTa jAya teTalAmAM te amo aMgrejI be cAra buka zIkhIzuM, tethI sAhebe nAkhuza thaI aMgrejI zIkhavAnI rajA ApI paNa kahyuM ke tamane pagAra maLaze nahIM. topaNa aMgrejI zIkhavAne vicAra cho nahiM, ane zIkhavAnuM zarU karyuM. khAdhApIdhAne AdhAra sana 1843 mAM muMbaI AvyA pachI emanA mesAIbhAI ghelAbhAIne tyAM rahyA tathA raseIpaNa karyuM. paNa bhaNavuM barAbara nahI thayAthI 1 varasa pachI judA rahyA. ane bhaNAvavA jatA tyAM rU. 5) ne Asare mahIne maLatA; te upara tathA khuTatA rUpIyA pitAnI mA pAsethI maMgAvI aMgrejI varSa bene sumAre bhaNyA, eTale aMgrejImAM sana 1847nI sAlamAM rU. 5) ne pagAre gujarAtI zIkhavavAmAM menITara rahyA pachI sana 1850 nI sAlamAM AsIsTaMTa mAstara be kalAka gujarAtI zIkhavavAne aMgrejI skulamAM rU. 12) nA pagAre nImAyA. ane aMgrejI kelejanI pravezaka parIkSAmAM pAMcame naMbare pAsa thayA, ane rU. 10) nA pagAranI skolarazIpa meLavI, tyAM kolejamAM varaseka abhyAsa karI gujarAtI mukhya skulamAM mukhya mahetAjInI jage sana 1851 mAM rU. 30) nA pagAre namaNuMka thaI te daramyAna paNa sAheba lekane gujarAtI zIkhavatA tene paNa paracuraNa rU. 25-30 dara mAse pagAra maLato. e rIte sana 1855 nI sAla sudhI mukhya mahetAjInI nokarI karI. te daramyAna mI. hArakanIsa mayArAma upara ghaNA khuzI hatA ane teo pitAnA putra pramANe gaNatA. chele kacchamAM tharapArakaranA kalekaTaranA heDa AkoTanI jagA rU. 40) nA

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ra. sA. mayArAma zaMbhunAtha caritra pagArathI maLI te kabula karI, tethI mI. hArakanIsa sAheba gusse thayA ne eka pagAra nahIM Ape (pachI te mahIne nokarImAM gaNAya che) sane 1855 mAM munasaphanI parIkSA nAnAbhAI haridAsa sAthe ApavA gayA, temAM sadara adAlatanA hArIsana sAhebe nAnI uMmara gaNI dAkhala karyA nahIM. eja sAlamAM ramatI kamAI joI eka ghara pitAnI chokarInA nAmanuM lakhAvI leI bhaTa kRSNArAma moTA tathA temanI strI lakhamakuMvare, vaDAbhAI dInAnAthane paDatA mukI pitAnI dIkarI rUkhamaNI 7 varSanI mayArAma vere lagna karyA. (e vakhatane anusarI mayArAmane tema karavuM paDyuM) e lagna thayAthI kAMIka karaja thayuM, tathA potAnA vaDAbhAI dInAnAtha (je bhujamAM mahetAjI che) tenI madada karavI, evA hetuthI kacchamAM tharapArakaranA kalekaTaranA hAtha nIce nokarI kabula karI tyAM 15 varSa zarTa sAhebanA hAtha nIce svArImAM tathA bhUjamAM nokarI kya pachI sana 1857nI sAlamAM munasaphanI parIkSA ApavA mATe sAhebanI rajA mAgI te na maLI, tethI parIkSAnI mahenata baMdha karI. khabara maLI ke kheDA vageremAM DepyuTi InspekaTaranI jagyA navI nIkaLanAra che, te sAMbhaLI maherabAna hopa sAhebane araja karI, temAM hArakanIsa sAheba taraphathI maLeluM saraTIphIkeTa bIDeluM, tethI te sAhebane hepa sAhebe puchatAM rItabhAta cAlacalagata hoMziArInI mAhitI sArI meLavI, ane kheDA jIllAnA DepyuTi inspekTaranI jagA rU. 75) nI tathA darareja rU. 2) bhathe e rIte temaNuka karI prebesana rIte ApI. temAM varSa eka barAbara heziArIthI tathA cAlAkIthI nokarI karI eTale bahAla karyA. sana 1858 nI sAlamAM buka kamITimAM membara dAkhala nImAyA. ane sana 1859 nA phebruvAri mAsamAM khAnadezanA DepyuTi inspekaTara dAkhala namaNuka thaI tyAM bhASA tathA lakhANa marAThI chatAM uparI sAheba hopa sAhebanI eTalI te maherabAnI thaI ke pahele varSe rAvasAhebane kItAba inAyata sarakAra pAse karAvya, e kItAba temanI haiyAtI sudhI temane rahe evo gayA juna mAsamAM (sana 1877 nA) IDiA sarakArano hukama Avyo. bIje varase. rU. 150 nA pagArathI thANanA DepyuTinI jagA mATe tathA rU. 3) dararoja bhathA mATe bhalAmaNa karI, paNa prathamanI bhalAmaNa jagyA kADhI nAMkhavAthI tathA bIjI bhalAmaNa sarakArane sana 1857-18 nA baMDanA kharca bahu thayAthI nANunI taMgIne lIdhe maMjura thaI nahIM. paNa hapa sAhebe eka leTara

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI samAdhAna pamADanAruM lakhyuM. te saMteSa pAmavA jevuM hatuM. temAM lakhyuM hatuM ke tame tamAruM kAma sAruM banAvyuM, tema mAre je karavuM te huM karI cukya, paNa mArA hAthamAM te nahIM te na thayuM, tethI nAkhuza thazo nahIM, ne tamAruM kAma DhIlA paDyA vagara karyA javuM. chele sana 1861 mAM kheDAnA DepyuTinI jagAe rU. 100)nA pagAre badalI thaI, te vakhate hepa sAheba gavarnaranA prAiveTa sekreTarI hatA, temaNe tyAMthI kAgaLa lakhyo hato ke huM khuzI thaye chuM. kheDAmAM varSa 1 ne sumAre nokarI karyA pachI kaTIsa sAhebe sana 1863 mAM amadAvAda jIllAmAM DepyuTi ispekaTaranI jagyAe rU. 125) nA pagAre badalI karI te sana 1877 nA agasTa tA. 24 sudhI rahI te daramyAna sana 186lmAM rU. 150) ane sana 1871 mAM rU. 175) pagAra thaye, chele aradhu penasila laI ghera beThA. te pachI hAlamAM muMbAImAM zeTha ge kaLadAsa tejapALanA dharma khAtAnA sekreTarI rU. 100) nA pagAre che. sana 1863 nI sAlamAM emanI strI rUkhamaNIne peTe eka dIkarI thaI ane sana 1866 mAM eka dIkarAne janma ApI 11 me dIvase gujarI gaI. e dIkarI dhIrajakuMvara tathA dIkaro mugaTarAya hayAta che. e strI (rUkSmaNI) gujarI javA pachI sana 1869nI sAlamAM baDI dhAmadhumathI erapADamAM mahetA prANajIvana AdItarAmanI dIkarI maMchAkuMvara vere lagna karyA. te AkhI nAtamAM dedIpyamAna gaNAyA. rapADa, motAmAM lagna karavAno vahevAra nahata, te AthI tUTayo, ane lokomAM vAha vAha thaI rahI. dIkarI dhIrajakuMvaranAM lagna phojadAra mahetA bhavAnIprasAdanA dIkarA caMdulAla (bhAradvAja gotrI) vere sana 1871mAM, ane sana 1875mAM dIkarA magaTarAyanAM bhAradvAja gotrIbhaTa kAzIrAma prANazaMkaranI dIkarI (rUkhamANI) vere ghaNuM dhAmadhuma tathA zAbAzI sAthe karyo. ane jaza sAre meLavyo che. emanI bIjI strIne sana 1875nI sAlamAM dIkarI avatarI gujarI gaI. bIjI dIkarI sana 1876mAM avatarI gujarI gaI tathA trIjI dIkarI sana 1877mAM avatarI 15 vAsA jIvI gujarI gaI. e sana 1857 thI te sana 1877 sudhI gujarAta, khAnadezamAM nokarI karI tethI loko tathA sarakAranI prasanatA eTalI te meLavI ke kheDA jIllAnA lake tathA mahetAjIo tathA amadAvAda jIllAnA keTalAka loke tathA mahetAjIe tathA khAnadeza jIllAnA keTalAka loko tathA mahetAjIe potAnA mA bApa gujare tema temane choDatI veLA Dusake DusakA melIne royA. eTalA te bhAyALu, maLatAvaDA, ne para upakArI che. * "mayArAma vijogamAMthI udadhRta.

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rAvabahAdura jamIyatarAma gaurIzakara zAstro rAvabahAdura jamIyatAma gaurIzakara zAstrI jamIatarAmanA janma sane 1860 mAM suratanA coryAzI mevADA brAhmaNa jJAtimAM zAstrI gaurIzaMkara rAmazaMkarane tyAM thayA hatA. te jamAnAmAM gujarAtamAM surata saMskRta bhASAnA abhyAsa mATe ghaNuM nAmAMkita thayuM hatuM ane tethI tene nAnI kAzInuM upanAma ApavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. e samaye suratamAM dharma, nyAya, vedAnta ityAdI viSayAnA niSNAta zAstrI, paMDIta purANI vagere hatA. temAM gaurIzaMkara agraNI hatA. ane vedAnta vAcaspati tarIke jANItA thayA hatA. emanA tyAM vidyArthIo rahetA hatA eTaluMja nahIM paNa dezadezanA vidvAnA vaDAdarA ke kAzI tarapha jatAM surata emanA darzanArthe AvI rahetA hatA. gaurIzaMkarane vaDAdarA ane bhAvanagara rAjyAe paNa melAvyA hatA ane sAre| satkAra karI varSAsana bAMdhI ApyuM hatuM tevIja rIte surata jIllAnA keTalAeka jAgIradArAe paNa temane jAgIrA ApI temanI vidvatAnI kadara karI hatI. gaurIzaMkara mAtra zuSka vedAntI naheAtA temaja temanuM jJAna pustakIAja nahotuM. teo kharA jJAnI, tyAgI hAI jIvanamukta dazAne prApta karI zakyA hatA. AvA pavitra puNyazALI pitAnA samAgamanA lAbha jamIyatarAmane bahu vakhata rahyo nahIM. temanA janma pachI e va mAMja gaurIzakaranuM avasAna thayuM paraMtu emanA je putra gaNapatarAmanA upara gaurIzaMkaranA pavitra jIvananI saceATa asara thai hatI ane temanI dvArA e jIvananA saMskAra jamIatarAma upara paNa paDayA. temaja temanA mAtuzrInA bheALA, bhAvika ane nirdoSa svabhAvanI paNa asara emanA upara thai hatI. jamAatarAmanA mAtuzrInI umara hAla lagabhaga 95 varSa thaI che ane AkhA kuTuManI bhAgyadevI tarIke emanA pautra rA. sA. bhUpatarAma zAstrInA gharamAM khIrAje che. emane svabhAva ghaNA maLatAvaDA hatA ane te je je maMDaLamAM hoya temAM atipriya thaI paDayA hatA. A vRtti emane jIvanamAM dhaNI upayAgI thaI paDI. pitAnA avasAnathI bALapaNamAM parAvalaMbI rahevuM paDayuM hatuM temaja vidvAna pitA putrane mATe vidyA prApta karavA jeTaluM paNa sAdhana mukI gayA nahotA eTale vidyAbhyAsa paNa jAtakamANIthI karavAnA heAvAthI 69

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI emane jIvanamAM ghaNI aDacaNa naDI hatI paNa te badhI dhIraja ane utsAhathI ramatA ramatA dUra karatA hoya tema bIjAo joI zakatA nahotA. jamIyatarAmanI bAlyAvasthA suratamAM baMdhuonI dekharekha nIce pasAra thaI hatI ane temane vidyAbhyAsa paNa tyAMja thaye hate. meTrIkyulezana pAsa thayA pachI emane nokarI karavAnI jarUra paDI kAraNa emanA moTAbhAIne pagAra juja hatuM ane AkhA kuTuMbane bojo vahoravAno hato eTale teo AgaLa abhyAsa karavAmAM madada ApI zake evuM nahotuM. nokarI karatA jAya ane thoDA ghaNA paisA bace te vaDe kalejamAM jaI Tarma rAkhe ane parIkSAo Ape ane pAchA nokarI upara Ave. saddabhAgye emane ghaNA suzIla ane saMskArI patni maLyAM hatAM. te pote zikSita nahotA chatAM eTalA badhA udAra dilanA, dIrghadraSTi ane himatavALA hatA. ke emaNe abhyAsa mATe pitAnA pallAnA paisA svecchAthI ApI dIdhA hatA. A pramANe kolejano abhyAsa puro karI sane 1886 mAM bI. e. nI parIkSA pasAra karI. te pahelAM ja keLavaNIkhAtAmAM dAkhala thayA hatA eTale te khAtAmAM emanI uttarottara caDhatI thavA mAMDI. bharUca, valasADa, surata, amadAvAda ItyAdi sthaLe hAIskUlamAM zikSaka tarIke kAma karI 1893 mAM che. rA. TreniMga kolejamAM vAIsa prinsipAla nImAyA. te vakhate kolejanA | prinsipAla mAdhavalAlabhAI hatA. temano emanA upara khAsa prema ane vizvAsa hato. 1899mAM te telaMga hAiskulamAM heDamAstara nImAyA. te vakhatanA inspekaTara bI. je. jI. kavarnaTana hAIskulanuM inspekazana karavA AvyA te vakhate emanA kAmakAjathI eTalA badhA khuza thaI gayA ke temane InspekaTIMga lAInamAM levAne vicAra karyo ane thoDA vakhatamAM emanA jyeSTha baMdhu rA. sA. gaNapatarAma vAnaprastha thayA tyAre temanI jagAe amadAvAdamAM DepyuTI ejyuH InspekaTara nImAyA. emanI kAma karavAnI paddhati evI saraLa ane vyavahArU hatI ke emanA kAmathI vIrekTara mI. cAIlsa ane inspekTare kevarnaTana ane lerI ghaNA khuza thaI gayA ane tethI 1904 mAM navI vAMcanamALA karavAne mATe je kamITI nImavAmAM AvI temAM gujarAtI taraphathI emanAthI sInIara bIjA keLavaNI khAtAnA amaladAro hatA tema chatAM emanI pasaMdagI thaI. vAMcanamALA lakhavAnuM kAma ghaNuM kaparU ane jokhamadAra hatuM te emaNe gujarAtanA aneka sAkSara, zikSaka ane zALAnA sahakArathI sArI rIte pAra utAryuM.

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rAvabahAdura jamIyatarAma gaurIzaMkara zAstrI e kAma purUM thae eo amadAvAdanA DepyuTI ejyuH inspekaTara tarIke pAchA AvyA. e vakhate sarakAre emanA kAmanI kadara karI rAvasAhebane khitAba emane Ape. sane 1908 mAM suratanA DepyuTI ejayuH inspekaTara tarIke emanI badalI thaI. jyAM jyAM emaNe kAma karyuM tyAM tyAM emanA kAmanA sarakAre vakhANa karyA ane lokapriyatA paNa emaNe prApta karI. 1914 mAM e che. rA. TreniMga lejanA prinsipAla nImAyA ane 6 mAsanI aMdara uttara prAMtanA ejyukezanala inspekTaranI mAnavaMtI paddhI prApta thaI ane rAvabahAdurane khitAba maLyo. gujarAtI tarIke A jagyA meLavanAra e pahelAja hatA. e jagyA upara emane 55 varSa pachI 1 varSa vadhAre paNa ApavAmAM Avelo sane 1916 nI Akhare eo vAnaprastha thayA ane thoDA vakhata pachI potAnA vatana suratamAM jaI rahyA. tyAM emane pharsTa klAsa onararI mejIsTreTa nImavAne kalekTara mI. rothIO IcchA jaNAvI paNa emaNe AvI jaMjALa na joIe ema kahI e kAma levAnI nA pADI. paraMtu 1919 mAM surata myunisipAlITIe pharajIAta keLavaNI dAkhala karavAno TharAva tyAre emane kula kamITImAM sarakAre niyukta kya tenI nA kahevAya nahI kAraNa e eka zaherane mATe agatyanI sevA hatI. teo niyukta sabhya hovA chatAM skula kamITInA ceramena cuMTAyA. e emanI lokapriyatA batAvI Ape che. ahiM emane anubhava myunisipAlITIne ghaNuM kAma lAgyo, vidyArthI zALA ane zikSakonI saMkhyA lagabhaga bamaNuM thaI gaI. te vakhate emanA bahoLA anubhavathI kAma saraLatAthI pAra utAryuM. A rIte ghaNA agatyanA kAmamAM rokAyA hatA tyAre 1921 nA jAnyuArImAM pAchaLa cAra putra, eka putrI ane eka vRddha mAtuzrI mUkI devaloka thayA. emanI boTa suratane ghaNI lAgI ane zaherIoe eka jAhera sabhA belAvI zaka pradarzita karyo. garIbAImAM bAlyAvasthA gALI ucca keLavaNI laI uttara bhAganA ejyukezanala inspekaTara thavAnuM mAna prApta karyuM te emane svAzraya, khaMta, kAryakuzaLatA ane vyavahArikatA darzAve che. eo haMmezAM AnaMdI ane udAra svabhAvathI jenA jenA saMsargamAM AvyA tenI prIti saMpAdana karI zakyA hatA. :: emanI kRtio :: 1 jagatano itihAsa. 2 brAhmaNanA soLa saMskAra. 71

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI jozI sAMkaLezvara AzArAmanuM jIvanacaritra jozI sAMkaLezvara AzArAmano janma Azare saMvata 1871nI sAlamAM thayo hato. ane jAte rAyakavALa brAmaNa hatA. jezIjIne janma amadAvAdamAM rAyapura daravAjA pAse hAlamAM jyAM moralIdharanuM maMdIra che temAM thayo hato. emanuM asala gAma vehelALa nAme che. A velALa gAmathI jozIjInA bApanA bApa narabherAma jozI ahIM rahevA AvyA hatA. upara batAveluM makAna gAyakavADa sarakAranA subA kAkA sAhebe jezIjInA dAdA narabherAmane rahevA ApyuM hatuM. jezI narabherAma kaDInA bhalArAva gAyakavADane tyAM nokarImAM jozI tarIke rahyA hatA. kaDIvALA malhArAve narabherAma jozIne sIdhAM bAMdhI ApyAM hatAM.kaDIvALA malhArAva gAyakavADanuM vaDodarAnA gAyakavADa sarakAre Igreja sarakAranI madadathI rAja jItI lIdhuM tyAre narabherAma jozIne kaDIvALA malArA je sIdhAM bAMdhyAM hatAM te vaMzaparaMparAnAM hovAthI vaDedarA sarakAre rU. 274) aMke baso thyotera jozI sAMkaLezvarane maLatA hatA. jethI sAMkaLezvare saMsakRtamAM kaumadI sudhI vyAkaraNa tathA gaNatamAM lIlAvatI sudhI abhyAsa karelo hato. ane navA leke banAvI zakatA hatA jezIjI bhugoLa tathA khagoLa zAstra jANatA hatA. ane keTalIka bAbato rA. rA. bhegIlAla prANavalavadAsa jozIjI mItra hovAthI temanI pAsethI zIkhyA hatA. jozIjI zetaraMja ramavAmAM bahu catura hatA. A ramatamAM te te sAmA mANasane pahelethI kahetA ke ApyA dalathI tamane huM mAhAta karIza. usamallI sudhI ramI jANatA hatA. jozIjI ghaDIALa rIpera karavAnuM kAma navAM ghaDIALa banAvavAnuM kAma jANatA hatA. jozIjIe pahela vaheluM tIzazAstra jemAM caMdra surya tathA badhA graha pharatA mAlama paDe tevuM ghaDIALa bharUcamAM saMgrahasthAnamAM mukyuM hatuM. te vakhate ApaNA kalekaTara sAheba mI. hopa karIne hatA. jozIjIe eka ghaDIALa bhAvanagaranA rAjA sAhebane badhA grahevALu banAvI ApyuM hatuM ane tenI kImatanA rUA.1500) maLyA hatA. jozIjI amadAvAda mAM varanAkyulara sosAiTImAM thoDA dahADA lekha lakhavAnuM kAma kareluM ane senI nIbaMdha tathA kImayA kapaTa nIbaMdha lakhelA hatA. jethI hAlamAM je bhadramAM ghaDIALa che te ghaDIALane cAlu rAkhavAnuM ghaNuM varazo sudhI kAma kareluM che. jezIjIne koTAnA rAjAsAhebe koTAmAM praha vedhazALA hatI kare

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jozI sAMkaLezvara AzArAmanuM jIvanacarItra tene sudhAravA mATe teDAvyA hatA tyAM jatAM vacamAM udepura AvavAthI udepuramAM utaryA hatA ane tyAM rANAjIne meLApa thayo. rAMNAjIe A ghaNA vidhvAna che ema samajIne jozIjIne darojanA rUpe A traNanI samuMdarAMNAjIe karI ApI hatI. jethIjI keTe pocyA pachI emanA putra bhavAnIzaMkarane kelerA thavAthI te gujarI gayo tethI jozIjI keTethI pAchA amadAvAda AvI gayA. jozIjIe Ijanera tarIke hAla jyAM mAdhavabhAInI mIla che) tyAM jIna hatuM tyAM nokarImAM hatA. jezIjIe pitAnI nAtanI kuLadevatA lalItAMbAnI ujANa vaizAka muda 6 ne thAya tethI rU. 1300) vyAje mukela tenA vyAjamAMthI Aja sudhI ujANI nAta thAya che. jezajIe vaDodarAmAM gaNapatarAva gAyakavADanI vakhatamAM dubhAzIyAnI nokarImAM hatA. temanI nokarI gAyakavADa sarakAra potezrI mukhe je kahe te rIsIDanTa sAhebane kahevuM ane sAheba kahe te gAyakavADa sarakArane kahevuM. A vakhate govIdarAva reDhIyA dIvAna hatA. jezIjInA A pramANe mItro hatA. rA. raNachoDalAla choTAlAla tathA rA. bhoLAnAtha sArAbhAI tathA rA. mahIpatarAma rUparAma tathA zeTha mAyAbhAI premAbhAI tathA zeTha jesaMgabhAI haThIsaMgha, zA. acaratalAla gIradharalAla verAgI, tathA zA. dAmodaradAsa mehelAla zedhana, tathA nagInadAsa premacaMda patAsAnI paLavALA. jezI chevaTanI vakhatamAM dhrAMgadhrAnA mahArAjA rAjasAheba mAMnasIhajIne tyAM nokarImAM rahyA hatA ane mAhArAjA rAjasAhebe jezIone pagAranA mAsa ekanA rUA. 75 paMtera tathA dararojanAM pAMca sIdhAM bAMdhI ApyAM hatAM ane daza varasa tyAM rahyA hatA ane rAjasAheba bahu mAna rAkhatA hatA. chevaTe jezIjIe pitAnI mIlakatanuM eka vRila karyuM hatuM te vaIlamAM Azare pacIza hajhAranI mIlakata mukIne saMvata 1946 nA bhAdaravA vada 7 devaloka thayA. ane pitAnI pAchaLa kuTuMbamAM temanI strI tathA potAnA putranI strI mukI gayA che. pote je vRila karyuM che temAM mukhya traSTI tarIke raNachoDalAla choTAlAla tathA mAdhavalAla raNachoDalAla tathA gepIlAla maNIlAla tathA jayAnaMda jezaMkara vIgare agIAra traSTIe karelA che ane badhI mIlakata brAmaNa bhejanamAM vAparavAnI nakI karI gayA che. A badhI hakIkata jozIjInI pAse rahenAra huM jayAnaMda jezaMkara jeTalo vAkepha hatA teTalI jaNAvI che. tA. 18-3-33.

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI : gaNapatarAma rAjArAma bhaTTa mAre jIvana vRttAMta. mAruM jIvanavRta noMdha levA gya, lokone udAharaNa ApavA jevuM hoya ema bahudhA huM mAnato nathI. jagatamAM koI paNa adhipati, AdhakArI vA vidvAna paDe che tyAre tene mATe je hehA thAya che, lakhAya che tathA tenA guNanAM gIta gavAya che tene huM pANImAM pathare paDayA jevuM lekhuM chuM. kharuM jotAM che paNa temaja; kemake e badhuM thaDA vakhatamAM zamI jAya che, ane pachI koI te tarapha dRSTi karatuM nathI. ethI vakhata jatAM tenuM nAma paNa visarAI jAya che. AthI mahAjanane mATe joizuM te temanAM kAmaja satata temanAM nAma lokanA smaraNamAM rAkhanArAM che ema mAruM mAnavuM che. mAre mATe tevuM bahu nathI. te paNa je yata kiMcita haze te tethI ja huM lokasmaraNamAM rahIza; chatAM ApanI IcchA che te kALakrama pramANe mAre viSe sAramAM huM nIce pramANe nivedana karuM chuM. he jJAti rAyakavALa brAhmaNa, kauzika gotrI, yajurvedI, mAdhyadinI zAkhAno chuM. mAro janma saMvata 1904 vaizAkha vadI 6 chaTha budhavAre amadAvAdathI cha kezane aMtare AvelA jhANuM gAmamAM thayo hato. mArI mAtAnuM nAma mahAra ane pitAnuM nAma rAjArAma hatuM. pitAnuM nivAsa sthaLa bharUca jillAmAM Avelo Amoda kao hatuM. jhAMNuM mAruM mosALa hatuM. mArI mAtA ane traNa varSane mUkI pahelI vIzImAM ja paraloka pAmI hatI, paNa te pachI tenI khoTa pItAe pUrI hatI. mArAM mAtA sAthe temane lagnasaMbaMdha bIjI vAra hato, saMtatImAM mAtra huMja hovAthI pitAnuM tana, mana, ane dhana te, mane ja gaNatA; ane tethI mAruM lAlana pAlana karavAmAM kasara rAkhatA nahotA. jaMbusara kacchanA eka zeThIAnI gumAstI te karatA ane kapAsa loDhAvavAne dhaMdho calAvatA. svabhAve ugra, jIvanA udAra ane mananA bhoLA te hatA. jo ke bALapaNamAM te mArA koDa pUratA to paNa meTo thatAM jatAM mArA upara dhAkanI chApa pADavA seTI saMbhALatA hatA. huM gAmaThI nizALamAM sAta varSanI umare ja thayo evAmAM mane mArA pitA ghera AMka gokhAvatA hatA. doDha be varSa gAmaThI zALAmAM abhyAsa karAvI ane temaNe sarakArI zALAmAM mUkyo. pite vRddha thayelA

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gaNapatarAma rAjArAma bhaTTa hAvAthI, mAMdA sAjA cAlavAthI nava varSoMnI vaye temaNe mArUM lagna karI nAkhyuM. AmedanI sarakArI gujarAtI zALAmAM cAreka varSa abhyAsa karyAM pachI rUA. 3jInI skAlarazIpa maLavAthI huM sana 1862 nI sAlamAM aMgrejI abhyAsa karavA surata gayA, ane tyAM gopIpUrA brAMca skUlamAM dAkhala thayA, jyAM heDamAstara rA. sA. navalarAma lakSmIrAma hatA. sUratathI doDheka mAsamAM me mAsanI rajA paDatAM huM dhera AvyA. sUratamAM rahevAnI anukULatA tathA khAnapAnanI jogavAi ThIka na heAvAthI huM keMdramAMthI chUTelA kedI jevA durgaMLa thayA hatA, ethI mArA pitAe pharI mane tyAM mekalavAnuM mAMDI vALyuM. mArA pitA traNa maLe teranuM jora kare evA hatA. temanA zeAkhI svabhAvathI te " rAjArAma bhAu" kahevAtA; bhAu sAhebe kahevAtA jema " bharama bhArI khissA khAlI " hAya che, tema temane thayuM hatuM. AthI taMgI rAkhavA ane devuM vALavA temaNe kapAsanA vyApAranA saTTo karyAM, jemAM, " levA gaI pUta ane khAI AvI khasama jevuM temane thayuM. vRddhAvasthAmAM temanI A dazA thavAthI abhyAsamAM AgaLa vadhavAnI AzA meM mAMDI vALI, ane sana 1865nA phebruArImAM rUA. 10) nA AsisTaMTa mahetAjInI nekarImAM sItapeANa TaMkArIA gAmanI nizALamAM joDAyA. tyAMthI pAMceka mahinA pachI rUA. 7) nI skAlarazIpa lei huM julAI mAsamAM surata TreniMga skUlamAM dAkhala thayA. have huM pUrvAvalokanamAM mArI khAlyA ane kizAravaya tarapha jarA diSTa karAvIza. nAnapaNathIja huM rasIka, premI ane vAcALa hatA. gAmamAM mANabhaTTa bhAratanI kathA karavA AvatA temanI bhArata kathA bhAvathI hu ekAgra citte bahu premathI sAMbhaLatA, ane rAtrie je sAMbhaLyuM hoya te mArA saMbaMdhI ke pADeAzIne divase vyAsanI rIte thADuM ghaNuM gAi saMbhaLAvatA hatA. bALapaNathIja mane kavitAnA chaMda hatA. cothI cepaDI zIkhate hatA tyAre te cApaDImAMnI leAbhIyA brAhmaNanI vAta kavitAmAM sleTamAM lakhIne me mArA sAbatIne batAvI hatI; tathA teja rIte sAtamI cepaDI zIkhatA hatA tyAre magA pArkanI vAta kavitAmAM lakhI ceApaDImAM rAkhI hatI. seALa varSanI vaya pachI mitrA sAthanA patra vahevAra bahudhA kavitAmAM calavatA hatA. huM udyoga ke buddhi jenAmAM dekhuM tene bahu cahAtA. nAnapaNamAM AvI cAhanAnuM pAtra mArA mitra rA. sA. gaNapatarAma anuparAma 15

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI je rAjakoTa TreniMganA prinsipAla ane junAgaDha keLavaNI khAtAnA uparI AdhakArI thayA hatA te hatA. huM ramato ramavAno chaMdI nahato, paNa te jovAno bahu rasi hato. gillI daMDA, bhamaraDA tathA lakhoTIonI ramata mAtra huM joto, paNa ramata nahi; te paNa sArA ramanAranA dAva khela dekhI bahu khuza thatA, mArA moTA mAsI mAnabAino prema mArA upara bahu hatuM, ane temano putra rAmacaMdra je mArAthI varSa moTo hato ne mAre bALapaNane sAthI hata; te paNa kavitAne zakina hata; beThI bAMdhaNInI kuhala (kautuhala) upaje evI kavitA te banAvato, je pAMtrIseka varSanI vaye kALavaza thayA hatA. sUrata TreniMgamAM huM daza mAsa rahyo, jyAM nibaMdhe racI vAMcavAne dhAre heDamAstara naMdazaMkara tuLajAzaMkare kADhayo tyAre temanA mAnyA pramANeno " suleha " viSe nibaMdha meM lakhI vAMcyuM hatuM, tethI teo prasanna thayA hatA; vArSika parikSA vakhate InspekaTara TI. bI. kaTiMsa bhAre mukhe kavitAne mukha pATha sAMbhaLI evA tAnamAM AvI gayA hatA ke, parIkSA vakhate beThelA sabhya rA. sA. mohanalAla raNachoDadAsa Adie pitAnA mukhe rUmAla dharyA hatA. e samayanA abhyAsanAM dhAraNa hamaNAnA jeTalAM uMcA nahotAM. evI ughaDelI nizALomAM-mahetAjIonI tANa ghaNI hatI, tethI prAthamika zALAone yogya zikSaka taiyAra karI nokarI ApatAM hatA. A kAraNathI joIe tevI uMcI keLavaNIne lAbha mane maLe nahi. mahetAjInI nokarImAM huM tA. 1 lI juna sana 1866 mAM joDAyo. Amoda tAlukAnA Ikhara gAmamAM rUA. 15)nA pagAramAM mahetAjI thayA, tyAMthI varSa divasamAM eja tAlukAnA sarabhoNa gAmamAM mArA vatana pAse rUA. 18) mAM badalI thaI, ane tyAMthI sana 1868nA nabaramAM rUA. 15) mAM daheja baMdara badalI thaI. pagAranI vadhaghaTanuM kAraNa uparInI kadaradAnI ane zALAnI sthitine avalaMbI rahyuM hatuM. A viSe vivecananI atra jarUra nathI. mukhya DepyuTI rA. sA. mehanalAla raNachoDadAse unnatimAM Apyo, ane temanA pachInA AsisTaMTa DepyuTI prAgajI vallabhabhAIe avanatimAM tANyo. daheja gAma mArA vatanathI dUra dariyA pAse ekAMtamAM hatuM, tyAM javAthI huM azAMta thayo hato, ane mAruM mana zoka nimama mArI daivya sthitine lIdhe hatuM. evAmAM e varSanA Disembara mAsamAM bharU

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gaNapatarAma rAjArAma bhaTTa camAM saMgrahasthAna ughaDavAnuM hatuM, te jovA huM tyAM gayo hato, tevAmAM durdave jage gumaDuM thaI AvavAthI saMgrahasthAna jevAne jaga Avyo nahato, topaNa bahAranI badhI racanA joI hatI. saMgrahasthAna viSe trIza pRSTa " buddhiprakAza" nAM bharAya evo nibaMdha racanArane rUA. pa0) nuM inAma ApavAnI jAhera khabara e vakhate ejyukezanala inspekaTara karTisa sAhebe bahAra pADI hatI. daheja AvyA pachI te nibaMdha meM ATha divasamAM racI mokalyo hato, paNa tenuM phaLa mane prApta thayuM nahotuM. dahejamAM bharUcanAM kalekaTara sAhebane mukAma Ave tyAre e nibaMdha temanA kacerI maMDaLa AgaLa vAMcavA joga AvavAthI meM temanI kavitAo saMbhaLAvI jethI zrotA maMDaLa khuza thayuM hatuM, paNa mane e nibaMdhanuM phaLa nahi maLeluM jANI jJAtA purUSo Azcarya pAmyA hatA, paNa emAM Azcarya jevuM hatuM nahi, kemake nibaMdha saMgrahasthAnane lagatI hakikata, teno pUrvAparane ItihAsa jANavAne hetune mAgyo haze ane meM te je jeeluM te gadyapadyamAM lakhyuM hatuM. vIsa varSanI umara sudhImAM eTale kAcI vayamAM huM - Ikhara sarabhoNamAM mahetAjI tarIke raheze tyAM AsisTaTomAM mAruM vajana paDeluM tathA gAma lokanA manamAM mArI sArI chApa paDelI meM joI hatI. vayovRddha DAhyA purUSo mArI kavitA AdinA vAMcanathI cahAtA ane mAna ApatA hatA, tathA juvAniyA mArA upara sAro sneha rAkhatA hatA. daheja gAmamAM AvyA pachI paNa tevuMja jovAyuM, ane tyAM vizeSa rahevuM thavAthI gAmanA lokone tathA gAmanA ThAkorane bahu sneha thayo hate. jo ke TrenIMga skulamAM mane uMcI keLavaNI maLI nahotI, te paNa nokarI maLyA pachI abhyAsI jevI jIMdagI gujArI huM mArA jJAnamAM vRddhi karato rahyo hato. jemAM saMskRta tathA aMgrejIno abhyAsa karate, kavIzvara dalapatarAmanI " buddhiprakAza" mAM AvatI kavitA moTI mIThAsathI vAMca, tathA premAnaMda zAmaLa Adi prAcina kavivarenAM kAvya ane bIjA sArA lekhakonAM gadyapadya paNa vAMcate hate. dahejamAM mAruM mana udvigna rahetuM hatuM. mAthe pitAnuM RNa, pahelI vIzImAM saMsAranI jALamAM guMthAvuM, jemAM be putranI prajA thaI hatI, tathA kamANIne mArga bahu sAkaDo have, ethI dustara saMsAra zI rIte tarAze e viSenA vicAranI hAramALA udragnatAnuM kAraNa hatI.mananI AvI sthiti cAlatI hatI tevAmAM dahejamAM pUrvApara nahi anubhavelo evo bhISma (bhayaMkara) grISmakALa kALajuM uthala 77.

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI 66 pAthala kare evA prathamaja saMvata 1925 mAM bevAmAM AvyA, jethI mArI aMtara lAgaNI bhArelA agni peThe, kALanA vahevAthI zAMta paDI hatI. te e samayanA daheja bArAmAM vAtA bhaya kara vAyuthI bhaDako thaI uThI, tethI meM mArA janma nRtAMta janmathI te e samaya sudhIne kavitAmAM lakhyA te tenuM nAma deNu du:kha dazyaka '' ApyuM. vaLI e vakhatamAM ikhara, sarabhANa tathA dehajamAM rahI je kaI prAstAvika gadyapadya lakhyuM hatuM te bheguM karI prathaga viSaya >> nAmanuM pustaka lakhyuM. A pramANe meM atyAra sudhImAM bharUca saMgrahasthAna, deNu duHkhadarzaka tathA prathaga e traNa pustaka lakhyAM hatAM. 66 upara jaNAvelA mArA traNa lekha kavitAnA kAcA phALa jevA hatA. vidyAnurAgI mitra sAthe mArI vayanA hatA. temane upara AvyA. te peAtAne potAne abhilASa pAra dehajamAM Ave tera mAsa vItyA pachI mAre eka maitrI thaI. te mitra amalezvaranA mahetAjI bahudhA tA. 15 mI sapTembara sana 1869nA patra mArA anurUpa mitra meLavavA bahu utsuka hatA. temaNe pADavA keTalAka mahetAjIne patra lakhI joyA hatA, jemAM temanA mananI tRpti mArAthI thai hatI, ane tethI mArA temane patravyavahAra gadyapadyamAM ceApAniyA rUpe cAra varSa cAlyA hatA. A mitra te kavi cheTAlAla narabherAma hAla vaDAdarA nivAsI, gujarAtI prAcIna kAvyeAnA TIkAkAra ane vivecaka tathA vAgbhaTAdi saMskRta pustakonA bhASAMtara kartA, gujarAtImAM 'rasazAstra' ane 'zAMtisudhA' kAvyanA racanAra hatA. e mitranA patra vyavahArathI mArI kAvyazakti khIlatI jatI hatI ane saMskRta Adi jJAnamAM vRddhi thatI hatI. mArI kavitAne khIlI uThavAnuM, navA rasAla kAla AvavAnuM cAvaDA caritra" kAvyanA rasAnubhavathI thayuM hatuM. dhaNuM karI huM sarabhANu hatA tyAre " buddhi prakAza"mAM kavi harajIvana kuberajI je hamaNAM rUSirAja nAmathI prasiddha che, temanA cAvaDA caritra kAvyanI pahoMca mArA vAMcavAmAM AvI hatI; jemAMnI e kavitA vAMcI te pustaka AkhuM vAMcavAne huM bahu utsuka thayeA hatA, paNa te vakhate e pustaka maLyuM nahatuM. daheja AvyA pachI lakhI gAmanI nizALamAMthI te maLI AvyuM; je gAmanA sabhya lAkane saMbhaLAvI me' evA prasanna karyAM hatA ke, jemaNe mArAthI sAMbhaLyuM haze te jIvatAM sudhI mane smaraNamAM rAkhyA vinA raheze nahi. cAvaDA citre gAma lAkanA cAha mArA upara ghaNAja vadhAryAM hatA, e viSe sAmAM lakhatAM paNa lakhANa thAya 78

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gaNupatarAma rAjArAma bhaTTa mATe kazuM lakhatA nathI. cAvaDA caritra kAvya mArI kavitAnI chApane svAtijaLa jevuM, kAvya vATikAne madhAnI vRSTi jevuM tathA naveADhAne rasika ramaNa maLyA jevuM thai paDayuM. huM kharUM kahuM chuM ke, e kAvye karI mArI kavitAvelI khIlI. e samayathI tenuM rUpa badalAyuM ane gajarela sarANe caDhAvyA jevA camatkAra e pachI anubhavAyA. cAvaDA caritranI cUTakI lAgyA pachI saMvata 1927 mAM meM zrAvaka lAkanA bhAjakane mukhe sAMbhaLelA lIlAvatInA rAsa uparathI chaMdobaddha "lIlAvatI kathA" racI, je mArA graMthAmAM janapriya gaNAI che, e kathAmAMnA AtmajJAne pradeza " parathI thatI mArI parikSA jovA te vRddha DozIene saMbhaLAvyA hatA, je sAMbhaLI temanAMmAM mAre viSe gurU jevI bhAvanA sphurelI meM joI hatI. lIlAvatI kathAne prasiddhimAM lAvavA, e dvAre mArUM dAridraya dUra karavA meM manamAM ghaNAM ghaNAM havAI killA caNyA, prayatna karI joyA paNa kazuM vaLyuM nahi. vaya, vasilA ane vikhyAtI nahi evAnuM naja vaLe e siddhAMta pAkA karI meM e viSe pAMpaLAM karavAM paDayAM mUkyAM-evAmAM 1871 nA julAi mAsamAM bharUca jillA khAte rA. sA. geApALajI gulAbabhAi dezAI saba DepyuTI thaI AvyA. pAchaLathI tee DepyuTI thayA hatA. temaNe AvatAM vArane potAnA rApane keArA mahetAjIe upara mATI cAMpathI calAvavA mAMDayA. mAre ne temane eka vAtamAM matabheda paDavAthI baMnnenI takarAra InspekTara sudhI gai. meM satya vAta artha dvArA inspekTara sAhebane jaNAvavA uparInA bhayathI na DaratAM mananuM sAccu svAtaMtrya darzAvyuM, tema temaNe peAtAnA sAme mAthuM uMcakanArane nokarIthI dUra karI potAnA kAmane mAga meAkaLA karavA DaoNkTara jI. khulara, ejyukezanala inspekTarane vinaMtI kIdhI; jemAM baMnnene zAMta paDavAnA nyAya maLyeA hateA. A teAphAnI gaDagaDATa eka khIjAne jANyA prIyA pahelAMja thayA hatA ane tethIja pANImAM rahevuM ane magara sAthe rezAM " jevuM joI temanA tAbAmAMthI chuTavA meM vicAryuM hatuM. paNa pachI mArUM temane maLavuM thatA anyAnye eka khIjAne oLakhI lIdhA hatA. tApaNu mArI nizALanI parikSA temane hAthe ThIka na utaravAthI mArA pagAra rUA. 20) thayA hatA, te parikSA pachI rUA. 15) thayeA. vakhata jatAM mArI zud vRtti ane nirdoSa svataMtra svabhAva joi mArI sAthe temane svAbhAvika sneha thayA, tyAre meM mArI lIlAvatI kathA" 78 66

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graMthakAra caritrAmalI temane batAvI te uttejana maLavA zuM karavuM te viSe pUchyuM: temaNe e kathA avakAze avaleTika inspekTara sAheba tarapha mAkalI uttejana maLavA arajI karavA patradvAre jaNAvyuM, paNa tema karI jovAnA pariNAma niSphaLatAmAMja AvyA; e pachI sana 1875 mAM parikSA mATe temanuM daheja AvavuM thayuM tyAre me temane pUchyuM ke, have huM ze| viSaya lakhuM ke sarakAramAMthI uttejana maLe ? temaNe vicArI uttara ApyA ke, keLavaNI khAtA saMbaMdhamAM kavitArUpa itihAsa lakhA emAM buka kamITIne vAMdhe kADhavA jevuM kazuM nahi Ave. vaLI e viSaya navAja gaNAI ene keLavaNIkhAtA taraphathI uttejana maLaze. meM A sUcanA sAMbhaLI kahyuM ke, e viSaya kavitAmAM mArAthI lakhI niha zakAya. viSaya kavitA grahaNa kare evA oie. e viSayamAM kavitA rasayukta racAya nahi, ane jemAM rasa na Ave te kavitA kahevAya nahi. A pramANe samajAvI meM kahyuM, tepaNa yatna karI jovA mane temaNe Agraha karyAM hatA, tathA eka be vAra maLavuM thatAM te viSe TAkaNI karI vakhata vItatAM meM e kAmaneA Adara karyo hatA. tA. 5mI oNgasTa sana 1875, saMvat 1931 nA zrAvaNa sudi 4 gurUvAre dahejamAM devalAka pAmyA. paraloka gamana pahelAM paheAravAraja temaNe mane peAtAnI pAse khelAvyA, ane khATalAmAM kheThA thaI lAkaDInA TekA rAkhI sthira rahI prasanna mukhamudrA karI kheAlyA ke-- A hatI; ethI thoDA samayamAM mArA pitA " gaNapata ! Aja huM bahu prasanna chuM! tArA upara bahu prasanna chuM !! te mAre mATe bahu karyuM che. khApa mATe tArA jevuM karanAra gheADAMja haze. Aja tane AziSa ApuM chuM ke, tArUM koTi kalyANa thaLe ! '' ItyAdi. Ama chello AzirvAda ApyA pachI rAtanA sADA sAta vAge tee nirvANa pAmyA hatA. sana 1876 nA Disembara Akhare dahejathI mArI badalI bharUcamAM naM. 3 nI nizALamAM thaI, bharUcamAM prasiddhimAM AvavAne mane prathama prasaMga matsyeA. e yAga evI rIte AvyA ke, e zaheramAM nAnA pAyA upara prArthanA samAja cAlatA hatA, tenA pramukha rA. rA. surajarAmabhAI bhAgava brAhmaNa, je e zaheramAM rejIsTrAra hatA temane meM tA. 28 mI julAi sana 1877 zanivAre cIThI lakhI jaNAvyuM ke--ravivAra Apane tyAMnuM prArthanAdinuM kAma patyA pachI mane kaika kheAlavA avakAza Apaze ke zI rIte ? mane uttara maLyA ke ghaNI khuzI sAthe Apane pahelI begavAi 80

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gaNapatarAma rAjArAma bhaTTa - ApIzuM. tA. ra8mI ravivAre sAyaMkALe huM samAjamAM gaye, tyAM krama pramANe samAjanuM kAma cAlavA devAnuM kahI pachI meM bolavAnuM rAkhyuM. e varSamAM aSADa mAsa vItyA sudhImAM varSAda nahi thayele tethI te saMbaMdhamAM Izvara prArthanAnI kavitA racI hatI. e samaye te saMbhaLAvatAM samAja bahuja prasanna thayA ane mArA para prema darzAvyo. pramukhe pachI varSAda saMbaMdhamAM Izvara prArthanA karavA mATe janasamAja tA. 19 mI ogasTa saMvata 1933 zrAvaNa sudi 11 ravivAre meLavavA goThavaNa karI, te meLAmAM vAMcavA navI prArthanA racI lAvavA cIThThI lakhI mane vinati kIdhI hatI. zrAvaNa sudi 11 ravivAre zaheranA nAmAMkita nare, saMbhAvita grahastha tathA bIjAone meTe meLo maLyo hato, jemAM prArthanA samAjanA seMbaro tathA anya jana paNa hatA. aneka utsAhI gadya padyamAM prArthanA racI lAvyA hatA, ane sabhAnuM pramukhasthAna rA. bA. cunIlAla veNIlAla DepyuTI kalekaTare dIpAvyuM hatuM. e samaye Izvara prArthanAnuM lAMbuM bhASaNa pramukhanA suputra motIlAla cunIlAla hAla jeo bharUca myunisIpAlITInA presiDenTa ane te samaye TrejharI ophIsanA heDa ekAunTeTa hatA temanuM hatuM; kavi dalapatarAma durlabharAme, prArthanAnI kavitA sukaThe gAI saMbhaLAvI hatI tathA bIjAoe paNa samayAnusAra bhASaNa karyA hatAM. sarva belI rahyA pachI pramukhane aparicita e, te vakhatamAM cothiyA tAvathI tavAyale huM bolavA ubho thaye.mArI kavitArU5 prArthanA sAMbhaLI zrotAo bahu prasanna thayA; jemAM sabhAdhyakSa upara tenI ghaNI asara thaI. AthI temaNe mArI pAse beThelA pitAnA zirastedAra re. rA. harinArAyaNa bApurAma je mArA jJAtibaMdhu ane saMbaMdhI hatA, temane bhAre viSe pUchyuM; jemaNe te viSe khulAse karatAM ubhA thai khullA aMta:karaNathI bhASaNa karatAM teo bolyA ke-"ahiM bahu prArthanAo lAI paNa prabhu je sAMbhaLI prakaTa thAya ane temanA aMtaramAM utare evI prArthanA mahetAjI gaNapatarAmanI che, ApaNa carmacakSuthI izvarane joI zakAtA nathI, paNa A gaNapatarAmanI prArthanA sAMbhaLavA prabhu atra padhArelA hovA joIe, ane tethI ApaNe khurazIo ane bAMka upara besI e prArthanA sAMbhaLI e aghaTita kIdhuM che. kharI rIte te e che ke e prArthanA ApaNe sarvee ubhA rahI hAtha joDI sAthe uccAravI joIe, chApelI tenI prate ApaNI pAse nathI tethI tema thaI zakatuM nathI. e dilagIra thavA jevuM che, te paNa ApaNuM bhula sudhAravA have beThako uparathI

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI heThe besI jai gaNapatarAmane ApaNI vacce besADI hAtha joDI prabhunuM dhyAna dharI jANe ApaNeja prArthanA karatA hoie tema e prArthanA karI vaheMcAvavI. A pramANe adhyakSanA kahevA pachI tema karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM; evAmAM kAie temane kahyuM ke, gai vakhatanI prArthanA A karatAM utare evI na hatI. A uparathI te prArthanA paNa karI vaMcAvI hatI. sabhAdhyakSa rA. bA. cunIlAle e pachI mArI prArthanAnI nakala karI temane ApavA icchA jaNAvI. dara ravivAre avakAze peAtAne tyAM AvavA mane mIThA meleAmAM kahyuM hatuM. trIjI prArthanA racAtI hatI evAmAM varSAde lIlAlahera karavAthI te prAnA, IzvaraneA guNAnuvAda tathA teneA upakAra kRSNASTamInI sabhAmAM vAMcyA hatA. saMvat 1934 ASADha sudi 11nA divase e vamAM saveLA dAda sAMbhaLI parjanyapreryA saMbaMdhamAM upakAra stavana gAyuM hatuM. koI paNa sabhA prasaMge huM khelavAne huM ema jANatA te tyAM rA. bA. cunIlAla avazya peAtAnI hAjarI ApatA hatA. varSAda sabaMdhanI izvara prAthanAnI eka nAnI cApaDI te vakhatanI lakhelI mArA lekhAmAM gaNavA jevI che. sana 1877 nA akaTobaramAM rA. sA. geApALajI De. e. I. nI khalI kheDA chaThThAmAM thavAthI te tyAM javAnA hatA, tevAmAM bharUca jIllAnA ghaNAkharA mahetAjIe maLavA-bheTavA bharUca AvyA hatA. evAmAM te temanA makAnamAM mahetAjInuM theDuM maMDaLa beThuM hatuM te vakhate rA. sA. gopALajIe sucavelA keLavaNIne kavitArUpa itihAsa jene meM 'bharUca jIllAnA keLavaNI khAtAnA itihAsa" evuM nAma ApyuM hatuM temAMne amuka thADA bhAga vAMcI sabhaLAvyA. jenI asara rA. sA. gopALajI upara evI thai ke, tethI temane harSAzru AvyA ane tethI tee gadagada svare khelyA ke--"gaNapatarAma ! huM garIba chuM; jo rAjA heAta to tamArI kavitA evI che ke, eka gAma Apata ! tepaNa mArI gujAsa pramANe huM tamane rUA. 200) ApIza te svIkArajo." A vakhate bharUcanA tAlukA mAstara maganalAla haribhAi tyAM hatA temaNe kahyuM ke, " ameA sarva mahetAjIe e pustakanA grAhaka thaI uttejana ApIzuM mATe Ape ema karavAnI jarUra nathI." A pachI tA. 15 akaTobarane divase bharUcanI mukhya nizALamAM mahetAjIe tathA zaheranA saMbhAvita grahasthAnI sabhA bharavAmAM AvI, jemAM aMgrejI skulanA mAstarA Adi paNa hatA. pramukhapada e sabhAmAM rA. bA. cunIlAla veNIlAlane ApavAmAM AvyuM hatuM; je vakhate meM prAcIna keLavaNI saMbaMdhanI kavitAe 66 82 ""

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gaNapatarAma rAjArAma bhaTTa 66 "" gAI saMbhaLAvI hatI; je sAMbhaLI aMgrejI skulanA svadezAnurAgI, dezAbhimAnI mAstA bhAratavaSa~nI pUrva keLavaNIne vRttAMta sAMbhaLI meTI ha garjanA karI uTayA hatA. sabhAdhyakSa tuSTidAnamAM mane baMdhAvavAnI pAdhaDI hAthamAM lai e vakhate kheAlyA hatA ke,- tamArA guNanA pramANamAM A vastu nahi. jevI che; teApaNa phula nahi, phulanI pAMkhaDI gaNI kabula rAkhazeA. " e pachI meLAvaDA visarjana thayeA hateA. sana 1877 nA ArkaTeAbara mAsanI AkharamAM rA. sA. geApALajIbhAInuM kheDA jIllA khAte javuM thayuM ane mane mArA graMtha sabaMdhamAM rUA. 200) uttejana maLyuM. ethI bharUca jIllAne. keLavaNI khAtAnA itihAsa ' chapAI prasiddha thayA. samaya Aveja phaLa pAke che, tema e samaya pachI * lIlAvatI kathA mATe paNa thayuM. rA. khA. cunIlAla veNIlAlane temanA paricayamAM AvyA pachI e kathA meM jovA ApI hatI; temaNe te prasiddha rIte vaMcAvavA sabhA bharI eja vanA navearamAM mArI lIlAvatI kathAne prasiddhimAM ANavA utsAha darzAvyA, jenuM pariNAma bahu sArUM AvyuM. bharUcamAMthI e kathAne sArU anumedana maLyuM, temaja muMbaInA nAmAMkita narA rA. bA. cunIlAlabhAInA mitrA, DIsebaramAM nAtAla TAMkaNe bharUca AvyA hatA temanA taraphathI paNa sArUM uttejana maLyuM. kacchanA divAna rA. bA. maNibhAi jazabhAine vinaMtIpatra lakhavAthI tyAMthI paNa joie tevuM uttejana maLye, temaja khIjethI paNa ThIka grAhaka maLI AvyA; AthI e graMtha chapAvavAne jogavAi mArAthI thaI zakI. A pramANe mArA kAryonA udayakALa thatAM huM sana 1877mAM bharUca jIllAnA keLavaNI khAtAne itihAsa ane sana 1878 mAM lIlAvatI kathA prasiddha karI zakI kaMIka prasiddhimAM AvI zakyA, tathA aneka suna jatAnA hRdayamAM premathI vasI zakyA. nAmAMkita naramaNI divAna bahAdura maNIbhAI jazabhAInA aMtaramAM paNa aparicita lAMbe aMtare chatAM e vakhatathIja vasyA, samaya jatA ghaNAja hasyA, evA ke temanA avasAna sudhI khasyA nahi. temanA. chellA maMdavADa samaye saMvat 1956nA phAgaNa mAsamAM huM temane jovA peTalAda gayA hatA tyAM e divasa rahI temanI AjJA levA huM temanI pAse gayA tyAre te potAnI pAse beThelA svajJAti nAgara ma`DaLa pratye olyA hatA ke-- " jIvatAne kAI jANatuM nathI, paNa muA pachI tenA guNa gavAya.. che. A kavi che, hamaNAM e bahunI jANamAM nathI, paNa pAchaLathI guja 83

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI rAtamAM e bIjA premAnaMda kahevAze !" mArI graMtha kRtiothI mArI gaNanA temane vakhatanA vahevA sAthe e pramANe thaI hatI. bharUcamAM lIlAvatI kathA sabhAmAM saMbhaLAvatA zrotA bahu prasanna thayA hatA, te samaye rA. bA. cunIlAla potAne upajele AnaMda darzAvatA bolyA hatA ke, "amadAvAda zaherane mATe jema kavIzvara dalapatarAma che, tema havethI ApaNA zaheranA kavi gaNapatarAmane gaNavA." upara pramANe bharUcamAM mArA udayanuM prabhAta thaI bhAgya bhAnunAM kiraNa jarA jaNAtAM kaSTanuM kALuM vAdaLa caDhI AvyuM; rA. sA. gopALajIne kheDA jIllAmAM gayA pachI temanA svabhAvanI ugratAne lIdhe pitAnI ephIsanA kArakuno tathA keTalAMka mahetAjIo sAthe aNarAga thaya. sAvadhAnapaNuM thoDuM, taDAka bhaDAka deza kALa jANyA vInA belavuM ane aMtaHkaraNa ughADu e deNe temanuM aniSTa icchanArAoe emanA uparI inspekaTara sAhebanA kAna bharyA tathA temanA bhaDabhaDiyA svabhAvanuM chIdra temanA AgaLa dharyuM. AthI thayuM ema ke, emanA saMbaMdhamAM je je AvelA temane mAthe tavAI AvI; jemAM mukhya huM hato. jo ke rA. sA. gopALajIe mAruM kazuM daLadara pheDayuM nahotuM, paNa AvatAvArane temanI mArelI pAthI pAcho paDayo hatA, to paNa mArA guNa jANuM pAchaLathI mane temane cAlyo hato ane temanI rUDI salAha svIkArI meM bharUca jIllAne keLavaNI khAtAne ItihAsa keLavaNI khAtAnA variSTha adhikArI sAheba taraphathI mArI sArI kadara thavA meM racyo hato. InspekaTara mI. I. jAisa sAhebane gopALajI saMbaMdhamAM vAMkuM paDavAthI mAruM ISTa thavA meM kIdhela yatna mAruM aniSTa karatAM thaI paDyo. jo ke mArA yatna saMbaMdhamAM virya gujarAtI graMtha vivecaka rA. sA. navalarAma lakSmIrAme 1898nA " gujarAtI zALA patra" aMka pAca-cha mAM bharUca jIllAnA keLavaNI khAtAnA itihAsanuM vivecana karatAM mArI kRtinI prazaMsA karI mAruM bhaviSya sAruM bhALyuM hatuM, chatAM A vakhate te tethI huM rAhunI dazAmAM AvI paDe; mAro pAMca varSane putra gata thayuM hatuM, huM avasAnanA maMdavADamAMthI jarA pAsu pheravato thayo hatA tevAmAM InspekaTara sAhebe mukAma amadAvAdathI bharUca tA. 16 DiseMara sana 1878nA roja sAMjare AvI gopALajI saMbaMdhamAM tathA mArA graMtha saMbaMdhamAM mane satAvI joyo, paNa meM niDara paNe je satya hatuM teja nivedana karyuM; tA. 22 mI phebruArI sana 1879nA divase paNa 84

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gaNapatarAma rAjArAma bhaTTa lakha 66 ,, temane mane peAtAnI pAse teDI karI vAta cheDI pAtAne vahema hatA te saMbaM dhamAM pUchyuM, paNa temane pathya na Ave evuM kahe mArI nAkarI jaze, ke mane pagAramAM nukazAna thaze e vAtaneA jarA paNa dheAkA na dharatAM meM satyaja nivedana karyuM; paNa tethI temanAM mananI tRpti thai nahi jenuM riNAma e AvyuM ke sana 1879nA me nI Akhare mArI badalI rUA. 15) nA pagAramAM kheDA jIllAnA karamasada gAmamAM thai. bharUcamAM mane e. vakhate za. ra1) pagAra hatA ane rUA. 25) thavAnI vakI hatI, evAmAM ajavALAmAM AvatA A jIva aMdhArAmAM pheMkAyA. A samayamAM rA. sA. geApALajInA prasaMgIe paNa eche pagAre anucita sthAne jaI paDayAnI pIDAmAM AvI paDayA, ane temane potAne adhurI muddate pensana . " rITAyarDa " thavAnI jarUra paDI. mAre rAhu sthAnamAM AvyA jevuM thayuM, tepaNa huM nisteja thayA nahi, paNa gheADA samaya vItyA pachI pAche ajavALAmAM AvavAnuM tapa AdarI beThe. keLavaNI khAtA taraphanI leNAM deNI meM joI lIdhI, ethI abhyudayane rastA sarasvatI sevanamAM ja joyA. mAre kharane mAga teja jaNAyA, ane tethI prakAzamAM AvavA pratApa nATaka lakhavA lakSamAM lIdhuM. e nATaka lakhavAnI preraNA rA. sA. gApALajIeja kIdhI hatI. e viSe pratApa nATakanI prastAvanAnAM pariccheda - cAra, pAMca, mAM jaNAvyuM che. eTale atra te viSe kazuM jaNAvatA nathI. pratApa nATakanA paNA bhAga karamasadamAM lakhI niDayAdamAM me te pUrNa karyuM hatuM. sana 1880 mAM sapTembaramAM mArI mAMgaNIthI mArI badalI sarakhe pagAre naDiyAda brAMca naM. 3 jAnI nizALamAM thaI hatI paNa rAhunI dazAmAM ubhuM haze te pUruM thavA tyAMthI sarakheja pagAre kheDAnI nizALamAM sana 1881 nA ekaTAbara Akhare, khare mane pUNa du:khI thavA tyAMnA pahelA AsisTaTanI jageAe mArI badalI thaI. A badalI mArI koi paNa kasura mATe nahi paNa kheDAnI kanyAzALAnA mahetInI badalI naDayAda thavAthI temanA svAmInI sagavaDa niDayAdamAM karavA mATeja karavAmAM AvI hatI; je mArA.. bhAvImAM udyota karAvanArI hatI, chatAM tene meM mArA abhyudayamAM pU aMdhArUM karanArI jANI. mArA putrA niDayAdamAM aMgrejI keLavaNI letAM hatAM ethI mArUM gRhasutra mAre tyAMja rAkhavuM paDayuM ane jAteja kheDAmAM rahevuM prApta thayuM; AthI adyApi sudhI bahudhA hAthe "rATa maMthana" nahi kareluM. evA huM bahuja akaLAyA, ane tethI zubhecchuonI salAha mAnI pratApa - 85

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI nATaka dvArA meM mAruM bhAvi jevAne nizcaya karI nekarI uparathI rajA laI "dezATana karavAne Adara karyo. rAhunI chAyAmAM rahe koI paNa grahanuM grahaNa chUTatuM nathI. je te gati karI khase taja pAche tene prakAza thAya che; meM - A vAtanuM anukaraNa karI mArA bhAvIne prakAza thavA pratApa nATakanA prasiddhi patrarUpe kheDethI khazI mAruM adaSTa ajamAvI joyuM; jenuM pariNAma dhAryA karatAM ati uttama Avyo. pratApa nATakanI kRtie mArA bhAgyanI udhI paDelI naukA chatI karI nAkhI. rA. sA. motIlAla cunIlAla e samaye mahemadAbAdamAM mAmalatadAra hatA, ane bharUcamAMthIja mArA zubhecchaka snehI thayA hatA, temanA AgrahathI dIna 6nI "kejyuyela" rajA laI tA. 16 mI mArca 1882 mAM meM lIMbaDInA ThAkara sara jasavaMtasiMhanI bheTa laI sabhA bharAvI pratApa nATaka pradarzita karyuM. jyAM mAruM sAruM sanmAna thayuM. e pachI tA. 13mI eprIlathI mAsa 1) nI hakanI rajA laI bhAva- nagara, pAlItANA Adi sthaLe pharyo paNa samayanI pratikuLatAthI dhAryo artha saryo nahi, to paNa phero niSphaLa na jatAM tyAM sAruM bIjAropaNa thayuM, jethI bIjI vakhatanA pravAsamAM icchata kAma bhAvanagara tathA junAgaDha javAthI thayuM. TUMkI rajAmAM dhAryuM kAma karavAmAM ThIka na paDavAthI meM tA. 19mI ogasTathI eka varSanI pagAra kapAta rajA lIdhI, ane "ATA tela ThIkarI jalatI hai" e sthitimAM amadAvAdamAM gRhasutra mukI kama kasI - jevA huM bahAra paDe; jene pariNAma e Avyo ke, pratApa nATake mArA abhyadaya upara AveluM kALuM vAdaLa khaseDI nAkhyuM; ane RNa mukta karyo; dAridrayane mArA gharamAMthI hAMkI kADhayuM. pratiSThA sAthe paisAnI prApti karAvI; khe paNa jemane samAgama durlabha evAM nAmAMkita nara narava sAthe sneha jeDAvyo tathA mArI prakhyAti gujarAta, kAThIyAvADa, kaccha, muMbaI) udayapura, ane kAzI sudhI prasArI. Aja sudhI e nATakanI cAra AvRti prasiddha thaI cUkI che. pratApa nATaka saMbaMdhanA pratyeka prasaMganI vigata jaNAvatAM eka nibaMdha racavA jevuM thAya, jemAM mArI AtmalAdhAno doSa AvI jAya evA. bhayathI te viSe kazuM lakhavA huM nathI IcchatA, to paNa IcchavA yogya nRpati ane nAmAMkita naronA prasaMgamAM AvatA meM je sAMbhaLeluM jeeluM te dekhAva lAMbo kALa vityA chatAM mArI najare tare che temAMnuM kaMIka jaNAvuM chuM; sana 1882 nA sapTebaranI tArIkha 23 mIe bharUcamAM pratApa nATa

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gaNapatarAma rAjArAma bhaTTa kanuM vyAkhyAna meM ApyuM tyAre sabhAnA pramukha rA. bA. cunIlAla veNIlAla bolyA hatA ke-"Aje kavi gaNapatarAme ApaNane tRpta na thaIe evuM temanI vANInuM amRta cakhADayuM, paNa temanI vANInA pramANamAM temanuM zarIra baLavAna nathI, mATe Izvara temane evA baLavAna banAvo ke ApaNe temanI vANIne pUrNa svAda anubhavIe." muMbaImAM tA. 6ThI akTobare zeTha lakSmIdAsa khImajIne huM maLyuM, ane temanA mitra maMDaLa samakSa temanA makAnamAM cAreka divasa rAtrie avakAze e nATaka saMbhaLAvyuM tethI e eTalA prasanna thayA ke, temaNe udayapuranA mahArANA dIvALI upara muMbaI padhAravAnA che mATe tyAM sudhI mane bavA kahI aMtara uma dAkhI pratApa nATakanA badalAmAM mahArANAzrI pAsethI eka gAma apAvavA potAne uddegAra kADhaye hato. mahArANa muMbaI AvI na zakavAthI tA. 22mI akaare zeTha lakSmIdAse bhATIA mahAjana vADImAM sabhA meLavI pratApa nATakanuM vyAkhyAna apAvI mane ghaNuM sajajana samAgamano lAbha ApI sAruM uttejana maLe tema karyuM hatuM. A samayamAM sara maMgaLadAsa nathubhAIe pitAnA vAlakezvara uparanA baMgalAmAM mane rAta rAkhI mAruM nATaka sAMbhaLI prasanna thaI sAruM uttejana ApyuM hatuM. zeTha lakSmIdAse e samayamAM udayapuranA mahArANAzrI sajanasiMhajI uparano patra lakhI ApI Agraha karI udayapura e pachI mane mokalyo hato, tyAM mane sAruM uttejana maLyuM hatuM, paNa zeTha lakSmIdAsane tethI joIe tevI tRptI thaI nahotI. sana 1896 eprIlamAM je samaye meM laghubhArata bhAga 1lo racyo hato tevAmAM IDaranA nyAyAdhIza naDiyAda nivAsI kavi mahAzaMkara pItAMbara, je mArA mitra hatA temanA AgrahathI huM IDara gayA hatA, te samaye tyAMnA mahArAjA sara kezarIsiMhajInA meLApamAM kAvya vinoda karatAM te nAmadAra uccaryA hatA ke, "graMtha kartA koI, ane nAma heya bIjAnuM hAla ema jovAya che. meM pratApa nATaka pAMca vAra vAMcyuM che ane tenA kartA tameja cho evI mArI khAtrI thaI che."-ItyAdi. mahArAjAzrIe mane rUA. 100 rokaDAne zIrapAva karyo hate. pratApa nATaka saMbaMdhanA kAryathI paravArI rahevA AvatAM meM sana 1883 nA naveMbaramAM gu. va. sosAyaTInI jAhera khabara uparathI kaccha darabAra taraphathI rU. 300) nA inAmane-"AregyatA ane svacchatA"no nibaMdha nava mAsamAM lakhI mokalavAne chatAM mudata pAse AvelI tethI doDha mAsamAM 87

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI lakhI mokalya; jenI "phera kopI" karavAne samaya maLe nahete hariphAinA traNa nibaMdha gaelAmAM mAro pAsa thavAnI pUrNa AzAmAM huM hato, paNa temAM vevizALi vara thavA jevo joga banavAthI huM niSphaLa thayA hatA; paNa e pachI kaccha darabAra taraphanA "mane vikAra tathA AzA nirAzA" nAM be nibaMdha lakhI rU. 150) pAritoSika meLavI zakyA hatA. prathama niSphaLa nIvaDele nibaMdha " buddhiprakAza" nA pRSTa ra00 nA purate rUA. 300) inAma mATe hato tyAre A saphaLa thaelA nibaMdha pratyeka " budiprakAza" jevaDA pRSTha 40 mAM mAMgyA hatA. kaccha darabAra tarapha ATha nibaMdhe racAvavAnI jAhera khabara sana 1878mAM prasiddha thaI hatI temAMnAM e be nibaMdha hatA. e ATha nibaMdhamAM pratyekanuM InAma rU. pa0) rAkhyuM hatuM, jemAM " satsaMga" viSene rA. rA. maNIzaMkara prabhurAma paMDitano pasaMda paDayo hato. e pachI bIjA nibaMdhanuM InAma vadhArI pratyekanA rUA. 75) karI amuka graMtha kartAne ApavA TharAva thayo hato, jemAM je lakhavAnI dhara keIe nahi jhIlelI evA be-" manovikAra tathA AzAnirAzA " nAM mane ApavAmAM AvyA hatA, je parikSakane bahuja pasaMda paDayA hatA, tethI di. bA. maNIbhAIe temanA abhiprAyanI nakala mane jovA mokalI te sAthe e nibaMdhathI pitAne upajele parama saMteSa patra dvAre lakhI jaNAvyuM hatuM. A nibaMdhanuM pAritoSika ApavA pachI kaccha darabArane kharca chapAvI tenA graMtha svAmitvane lAbha paNa maneja ApavAmAM Avyo hatA, A pachI sana 188pamAM kaccha darabAra taraphanA nibaMdhomAMno zaurya" viSene nibaMdha jene se hatA te lakhI na zakavAthI mane ApavAmAM Avyo, je lakhI huM rUA. 75] meLavI zakyo hato. mArA sAMbhaLavA maLe e nibaMdha gu. va. sosAyaTIne chapAvI prasiddha karavA Apelo paNa geravalle paDI javAthI chapAye nahote. bAkInA nibaMdhonuM zuM thayuM te jANavAmAM AvyuM nathI. ATha nibaMdhamAM navamo "bALalagna" viSeno lakhavA umerAyo hato. e nibaMdho bhegA chapAvI tene "kaccha nibaMdha saMgraha" evuM nAma ApavuM evI di. bA. maNibhAInI icchA hatI. A pachI zeTha harivallabhadAsa bALageviMdadAsa smArakanuM rU. 15) nuM InAma bALalagnathI thatI hAni" viSe inAmI kAvya kalpita sarasvatI guNavaMtanI kathA lakhavAthI gu. va. so. taraphathI mane 1889 mAM maLyuM hatuM, tathA te pachI pAravatI kuMvara smArakanuM rUA. 30) nuM InAma "pArvati kuMvara caritra

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gaNapatarAma rAjArAma bhaTTa laghu kAvyamAM racI sana 1890 nA naveMbaramAM meLavyuM hatuM. A kAvyanuM pAritoSika sabhAmAM te vaMcAvI ApavAnuM TharyuM hatuM, ethI tema tathA sabhAdhyakSa kavIzvara dalapatarAma DAhyAbhAI inAmanI rakama svahaste ApatA ucaryA hatAM ke-"rA. gaNapatarAmanI kavitA ghaNI sArI che; ane tethI huM dhAruM chuM ke jema sosAyaTIe mane sonAne akSare kavIzvara pada kotarAvI ApyuM che tema emane paNa Ape to khoTuM nathI. evA grahane te sosAyaTI sarakhAe rUA. 100] ne dara mAhe kavitA karavA rAkhavA joIe." parokSe mArI zaktinuM mApa jANI lIdhA pachI vidvAne vakhANe, vAraMvAra jenI kathA thate abhAva na thAya, je cirakALa paryata nAza na pAme, paNa jenI paraMparA cAlu rahe tathA jemAMthI jANavAnuM, bodha levAnuM bhArata jano bahu maLe evo ziSTa graMtha racavAno mane abhilASa thayo. vicAra karatAM e vAtane yogya viSaya ane zrI vyAsa nArAyaNa kRta mahAbhArata bhAsyuM. ane tethI meM saMvata 1948, sana 1892 mAM gurjaragirAmAM kavitA rU5 laghubhArata racavAno Adara karyo. kAmanuM maMDANa karatAM to karyuM paNa pachI mane e kAma mArI zakti-uparAMtanuM samajAyuM; te paNa purUSa prayatna zuM karI zakatA nathI. e vicAra draDha karI huM mArA yatnamAM lAgu rahyo, ethI kAmanI kaThinatA sarala rasavati thatI gaI jethI huM Aja sudhImAM laghu bhArata nA cAra bhAga racI prasiddha karI zakyo chuM; jemAM mArI yojanA hatI eTalu AvI gayuM che. prathama bhAganA prasidhi patra rUpe meM jAteja veza bhajavyuM hatuM, jemAM prazaMsAnA meja kAne bahu athaDAI kavivara premAnaMda jevo kahevAto saMbhaLAI mArI kRtinuM mApa jANI laI huM ghera Avyo hato, paNa tethI pratApa nATakanA jevuM utajana meLavI zakya nahote, je mAtra e kAmanIja balIhArI hatI. paNa kharI balihArI meM di. bA. maNIbhAInI sAthe vitA prazno, ra, rasAtamane stathA jevI joI, ke jemanA sahAye karI laghubhArata bhAga 1 lo prasiddha thaye. bhoja jevA sAhitya bhogI te nAmAMkita nara svargavAsI thayA pachI vinA prayAse amadAvAda zaheranA zrImAna rA. rA. cInubhAInA udAra hRdayamAM di. bA. maNibhAI videha thatAM nivasyA nahi hoya zuM ? evo anubhava temanA samAgamathI mane thayo che. eka udAra AtmA aneka zubha kArya karI zake che te jyAM eka dehamAM tevA be maLe to zuM na thaI zake ? 89 12

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- graMthakAra caritrAvalI : meM mArA pratyeka graMthanI prastAvanAmAM bhAre lagatI hakikata TUMkAmAM lakhI prasiddha kIdhI che, eTale atra te viSe punarukti karatA nathI. mArI badalI kheDe thayA pachI sana 1882 saMvata 1938 mAM meM mArU nivAsa sthaLa amadAvAdamAM karI jJAti vahevAra tyAMja bAMdhe. AmadanuM gharabAra pitAnA devAmAM DUbI gayuM hatuM, chatAM Izvara kRpAthI vAdevInA sahAya amadAvAdamAM pratiSTA sAthe hatuM tethI zreSTha sarva saMpAdana thayuM, sana 1888nI sAlamAM amadAvAdanA joInTa sezana jaja dayArAma gIdumale "hiMdusaMsAra sudhArA samAja"mAM upadezakanI jagAe mArI pejanA rA. sA. mahIpatarAma rUparAma tathA vakIla kezavalAla metIlAlanA abhiprAyathI karavAthI huM mArI nokarI parathI varSa ekanI rajA laI e jagAe joDAyo hato. e jagAe joDAtA vAramAM meM bhASaNa vakhate zrotAone zIdhra bedha kare evI " bALa lagnane niSedha" e nAmanI kavitA rUpa royala soLa pejI eka pharmAnI copaDI cAra divasamAM taiyAra karI tenI be hajAra prata chapAvI; je bhASaNa ApatAM thoDA vakhatamAM khapI javAthI tenI bIjI AvRtinI be hajAra prata chapAvI hatI te paNa zrotAomAM upaDI gaI hatI. gujarAtanA ghaNAkharA kabA, zahere, tathA muMbaImAM mArA bhASaNothI sArI asara thayelI meM joI hatI ane tethI bhAre bahu sujano sAthe sneha thaye hato. pratApa nATakanI prasiddhi mATe meM lIdhelI rajA purI thayA pachI mArI badalI naDiyAda mArI mULa jagAe thaI hatI jyAM jagyAmAM tyAMne tyAM pherapharImAM mAro pagAra rU. 20) thaye hato, ekaMdare meM ogaNIsa varSa naDiyAdamAM gALyA hatA, jyAM rahI kArya para lAMbI rajAo bhogavI hatI. naDiyAdamAM mAre pagAra vadhavAno veta nahote, ethI DepyuTIoe bIje badalI karAvI pagAramAM vadhAro karAvavA preraNA karI hatI; paNa meM je miSathI mane hAni pahoMcI hatI tethI ja mArI vRddhi karavAno saMkalpa karyo hato tethI naDiyAda choDI bIje javAnI nA pADI hatI. izvare mAro saMkalpa siddha karyo ane huM 51 varSanI vayeja saMtoSa mAnI paMcAvana purA thayA pahelA nokarIthI chUTo thayo. mULathI ja huM chuTA vicArane, sAkara mAMkhaNa dharAvI meTAonA mana meLavanAra nahota, paNa prasaMge satya vAtane mArI vANathI niMdarzana karI jJAnavAna mahajane ane tevAja mahIzonA mana AkanAro hatA, tene mATe ekaja udAharaNa atra ApuM chuM -

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gaNapatarAma rAjArAma bhaTTa nAmadAra zrImaMta sayAjIrAva gAyakavrADanI savArI sana 1885 nA eprIlamAM peTalAda. mahAlamAMthI pAchI pharatA vaDedare javA naDiyAda sTezane AvI hatI; e samaye naDiyAdanA dezAI becaradAsa vihArIdAse temanA sanmAna mATe sTezana pAse zamiyAne ubhe karI sAre samAraMbha karyo hato. te take mahArAjAne saMbhaLAvA mArA hitecchu mitra mAstara manasukharAma narasIdAsanA AgrahathI meM eka kavitA AgaLathI racI rAkhI hatI, je mahArAjA zrInA sanmAnanI prakriyA pUrNa thatA temane zravaNa karAvavA huM te nAmadAranA sanmukha , te vakhate naDiyAdanA sabajaja rA. sA. harilAla satyavAdIe mane kahyuM ke-" vakhata thoDe che mATe selected portion ( pasaMda kIdhelo bhAga ) vAMcajo." kahyuM ke, " je che te tevuM ja che. " kavitA mahArAjAnI prazaMsAnI nahotI, paNa rAjAne upayukta tatva bodhanI AzIrvAda yuktanI hatI. tenA AraMbhana doharo A pramANe hato: dehere. " rAva vakhANa karI jale, kaMI kavi zubha zarapAva, rAva bodha karI rIjha zubha, mAMgu sayAjIrAva." mArI kavitA ardhika vaMcAtA mahArAjAnA sekreTarIe-teo zrIne spezIala Trena upaDavAnA samayanI smRti ApI, ethI mahArAjAe " vaica " kADhI joI caMcaLa vRti karI, te samaye meM kahyuM ke rAjAo pratyeka kAma mATe ghaDiyALa kAThI vakhata sAme jue che. paNa kavio tathA kArIgare temane mATe je kare che temAM tema karatAM nathI. " mAruM A kahevuM sAMbhaLI mahArAjA zrI ubhA thaelAM chatAM mukha malakAvI pitAnA Asana upara besI gayA, ane mArI kavitA saMpUrNa lakSapUrvaka eka citathI sAMbhaLI bahu prasanna thayAM, ane manana karavA te mAMgI lIdhI. e pachI TrenamAM besatAM temane vaDodare huM jAuM to temane maLuM evI IcchA jaNAvelI. te uparathI naDiyAdanA nAgara saMgrahastha, rA. rA. motIbhAI rUdhdhanAthajI paMDayAe e vAtanI khabara mane karI hatI paNa kALa baLe tevo coga Avyo na hato. saMvata 1958 nA jeSTa mAsamAM kacchanA nAmadAra mahArAva zrI kheMgArajI savAI bahAduranAM kuMvarI zrI ba. kuMvarabAnA lagna prasaMganI kaMkotrI AvavAthI huM tyAM gayo hato. bhujanagara jatAM gADAnuM paiDuM mAre 1.

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI : DAbe page bhIsAvAthI mane moTI IjA thaI hatI, ethI tyAM eka mAsa paryata khATalo levo paDyo hato. e vakhate kavio ane sujane mArI pAse AvatA ane dIlagIra thaI mane kahetAM ke, ahiM AvyAne kazo lahAva ke lAbha levA nahi, e khoTuM thayuM. huM temane kaheto ke devaIcchA baLavAna che; ApaNuM dhAryuM thatuM nathI, uparathI Ama kahete, paNa manamAM nizcaya hatA ke, Izvara mAruM dhAryuM pAra pADaze, ane mArU atra AvavuM sArthaka thaze. mahArAvazrInI mulAkAta thatAM temane mAre zuM saMbhaLAvavuM e vAtane nizcaya karI khATalAmAM paDe paDe meM kaMIka kavitA karI hatI. jarA TaTAra thatA meLApane yoga AvatAM te saMbhaLAvI, ethI teo eTalAM prasanna thayA ke, mAro satkAra bIjA kavio karatAM zreSTa thayo hato. mArI kavitAmAM mahArAvazrI pAse mAruM AvavAnuM kAraNa, temane viSe zuM joyuM tathA AzIra vacana, A traNa vAta hatI. je teo zrIe prasaMnna vadane ekAgra thaI sAMbhaLI kavitAvALe kAgaLa mArI pAsethI mAMgI laI temAMnI kavitAonuM lakSapUrvaka avalokana karyuM hatuM. huM mAre utAre jatAMja rUA. 150) nI zIkha mAre mATe e pachI darabAra taraphathI AvI hatI. bhAvanagaranAM joinTa sezana jaja rA. rA. motIlAla trIbhovanadAsa saTTAvALA je vagara maLe mArI graMtha kRti AdithI mArA mitra thayA hatA. temanA AgrahathI temane maLavA huM saMvata 1961 nA bhAdaravAmAM bhAvanagara gayo hato. bhAvanagaranA e samayanA divAna rA. rA. prabhAzaMkara dalapatarAma paTaNInAM saujanya viSe meM pupara sAruM sAMbhaLyuM hatuM, ethI tyAM gayA pachI temane maLe, ane sAMbhaLyA pramANenA temanA suguNano anubhava karyo che ke huM teone oLakhate nahotuM, paNa teo mane nAmathI jANatAM, ethI temanI mulAkAtane lAbha sArI rIte maLyo. teozrI sAhitya bhogI ane kavitA karI jANanAra hovAthI temanI sAthe svalpa samayamAM kAvya vinoda karavAthI mArAthI temane bahu AnaMda upajelo meM joyo hato. teozrIe bhAvanagaranA nAmadAra ThAkora zrI bhAvasiMhajInI mulAkAtano yoga karI ApavAthI huM te nAmadArane maLyo hato ane mulAkAtamAM teo zrIne AzIravAdanI kavitA saMbhaLAvI hatI. ethI te nAmadAra udAra nRpati taraphathI rU. 150) zIrAvanA mane mokalavAmAM AvyA hatA. Aja sudhImAM kaccha darabAra taraphathI mArA graMthone bIjA sthaLo karatAM sAruM uttejana maLyuM che. mULathI ja kaccha darabAra kaviono Azraya 92

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gaNapatarAma rAjArAma bhaTTa sthAna che; hAlanA mahArAvazrI kheMgArajI savAI bahAdura kavionA kadaradAna che; temanA mULa divAna bahAdura maNIbhAI jazabhAI gurjara sAhityanI vRddhinA saMpUrNa sahAyaka hatA tathA temanA pachI mahArAvazrInA maMtrI rA. rA. cheTAlAla sevakarAma, je jAte ja uttama kavi che, jemanA hAthamAM bhASA sAhityane utejana ApavAnuM sepavAmAM AvyuM che; kaccha rAjya taraphathI graMthakArene sAruM anumodana maLavAnAM kAraNa eja che. atyAra sudhImAM prasaMgepAta mArA hAthe lakhAyelI eka eka pharmAnI sAta nAnI copaDIo chapAI che; AregyatA ane svacchatAne tathA zaurya vize nibaMdha ane keTalIka prAstAvika kavitAo chapAvavAnI che; paNa mArA je graMthA lekapriya thaI chapAI prasiddha thayA che, jenI saMkhyA dazanI che; teNeja bhAro yaza vistAryo cheje nIce pramANe che - (1) lIlAvatI kathA (2) bharUca jIllAne keLavaNu khAtAne ItihAsa (3) pratApa nATaka (4) manevikAra tathA AzA nirAzA viSe nibaMdha (5) laghubhArata bhAga 1 (Adi, sabhAparva) (6) laghubhArata bhAga raje (vana parva) (7) laghubhArata bhAga 3jo (virATa tathA udyoga parva). (8) laghubhArata bhAga (bhISma, droNa, karNa zalya zakitaka tathA strI parva ) (9) bALalagnathI thatI hAnI vIze sarasvatI guNavaMtanI kathA (10) pArvatI kuMvara caritra chellA be graMthe gujarAta varnAkulara sosAyaTIo chapAvyA che. 11) amadAvAda, tA. 29-1-07. saMvata 1963 mAgha zukala 15 maMgaLavAra . . . . bhaTa, 3

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedI rA. rA. kamaLAzaMkara prANaza'kara trivedIneA janma vi. saM. 1913 nA Azvina mAsanA kRSNapakSanI aSTamIne divase, eTale i. sa. 1857nA aTembara mAsanI 11mI tArIkhe sUryapura ( surata ) mAM thayA hatA. te vakhate emanA pitAnuM ghara AmalIrAna (jyAM hajI paNa nAgareAnI ghaNI sArI vastI che, tyAM ) AgaLa hatuM. emanuM hAlanuM makAna hADiye cakalethI aMbAjInA daherA tarapha jatAM DAbA hAtha para AveluM che. nirdoSa ane sAttvika AnaMdathI bharelAM prathamanAM pAMcacha varSa pUra thayAM eTale emanA vidyAbhyAsanA AraMbha thayA, ane emane IcchArAma mahetAnI eDiA nizALamAM mUkavAmAM AvyA. e mahetAjI hisAbamAM ghaNAja heAziyAra hatA; ' eka paisAnuM zera teA nAsarInuM zuM ? evA evA jhINA prazno paNa e pUchatA, e praznonA kharA uttara maLethI saMtuSTa thatA, ane kharA uttara na ApI zake evA ThATha nizALiyAne peAtAnI lAMbI seTI vaDe camakAvatA. nizALeAmAM soTInA upayAga e vakhate sAdhAraNa hatA, ane IcchArAma mahetAjI mAthA lagaNa phoMce evI peAtAnI lAMkhI sATI vaDe ceAgya samaye ane yeAgya pAtra kleIne je dAna karatA temAM temanuM audArya athavA buddhicAturya khIjA zikSakA karatAM vizeSa hatuM ema mAnavAnuM kaMI paNa kAraNa nathI. emanI nizALa ghaNI nAmIcI hatI. emanA putra vallabharAma, gopIrAnI premacaMda rAyacaMda kanyAzALAnA heDa mAstara hatA. "tAhane vaDho muLA: " e zikSaNazAstranA prAcIna sUtrane anusAra AMka ane hisAbanuM je zikSaNa te vakhate 6-7 varSanA bALakane maLyuM haze te hAlanA karatAM ghaNuM caDhIAtuM ane saMgIna haze emAM saMzaya nathI. ekaDiyA nizALanuM e zikSaNa pUruM thatAM rA. kamaLAza'karane geApIparAnI chaThThA naMbaranI myunisipala gujarAtI nizALamAM mekalavAmAM AvyA. e samaye suratamAM mahetAjI'nI mAnabharI padavI meLavavAne bhAgyazALa thayalA ane peAtAnA kartavya bajAvavAnI kuzaLatA vaDe vizeSa nAmAMkita thayalA evA traNa zikSako sarve nAgara brAhmaNa jJAtinA hatA, ane e sarve suratanA jANItA sudhAraka durgArAma machArAma mahetAjInA ziSya hatA e vAta khAsa lakSa kheMce evI che. surajazaMkara mahetAjI sagarAmaparAnI nizALamAM hatA, tripurAzaMkara mahetAjI bhAgAtaLAva AgaLanI pahela 94

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rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedI. naMbaranI nizALamAM hatA, ane kezavarAma mahetAjI gopIparAnI chaThThA naMbaranI nizALamAM hatA. e mahetAjIo ALasu ane bedarakAra nahotA, paNa tana daIne zikhavatA ane chokarAo tarapha vAtsalyabhAvathI jotA. tripurAzaMkara mahetAjI ane kezavarAma mahetAjInI nizALo vacce hamezAM bhAre spardhA cAlatI. mehanalAla raNachoDalAla jhaverI te vakhate DepyuTI hatA. temane dabadabo bhAre hato ane temanuM mAna hAlanA "DipaTI o karatAM vizeSa hatuM. rA. kamaLAzaMkara gopIparAnI nizALamAM zIkhatA tyArathI sva. ratirAma durgArAma paNa temanI sAthe ja hatA, ane koleja sudhIno abhyAsa paNa beue sAthe rahIne karyo hate. e vakhatanA prAthamika zikSaNa viSe ApaNe keTaluMka kahI cUkyA, to tenI sAthe e vakhatanI ramate viSe paNa be bola kahevA ThIka paDaze; kAraNa ke ramata abhyAsathI zramita thayelA ke zikSakanI soTInA santApathI sIjhAI gayelA cittane vizrAnti ane vinoda ApavA uparAMta, mANasanA buddhibaLa ane nItibaLa vadhAravAmAM paNa ghaNe upayogI bhAga bhajave che. mukhya ramatamAM gillIdaMDA, maMjA, haramAnanuM pUchaDuM-e gaNAvavA jevAM che. te vakhate krikeTanI vadhAre sudharelI paNa vadhAre kharALa ramata pracAramAM AvI nahotI, paNa gillIdaMDAnI ramata vadhAre sAdhAraNa hatI. vaLI, hoLInuM tophAna te vakhate hAlanA karatAM kaMI ochuM nahotuM; paNa te vakhate hamaNAMnA vegaNuyuddha'ne badale "vAMsaDAyuddha cAlatuM. evA yuddhamAM bhAga lenAra vIra baTakomAMnA eka rA. kamaLAzaMkara hatA. paNa jeone pustakano prema vizeSa hoya tevAonA karmanuM kSetra juduM ja hoya che, ane teo raNakSetramAM vijayavanta nIvaDIne anyane IrSAnA kAraNe thAya evuM kavacitaja bane che. rA. kamaLAzaMkare paNa vAMsaDayuddhanI vIratAne lIdhe baTukavargamAM vizeSa vikhyAti meLavI hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI. bAra varSanI ummare rA. kamaLAzaMkarano gujarAtI sAta paDIne abhyAsa pUro thayo. emanA sahAdhyAyI sva. ratirAme gujarAtI nizALa cheDI ke tarataja aMgrejI mATe brAMca skUlamAM javA mAMDayuM. paNa rA. kamaLAzaMkaranA pitAne vicAra emane aMgrejI bhaNAvavAno pAko thayo nahoto tethI eka varasa vicAramAM ne vicAramAM nIkaLI gayuM. tyAra pachI emaNe brAMca skUlamAM javA mAMDayuM. te vakhate e skUlanA heDamAstara tarIke maNidharaprasAda tApIdAsa nAmanA nAgara gRhastha hatA. temanuM zikSaNa sacoTa 95

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI ane saMpUrNa hatuM ane je viSaya teo zikhavatA tenI chApa evI cokkasa paDatI ke buddhimAna ziSyanA magaja parathI te te kadI paNa khasatI nahIM. dareka vidyArthIne akeka dhAraNamAM AkhA varSa sudhI rAkhavAnI paddhati te vakhate nahotI, paNa traNa traNa mahine ke cha cha mahine parIkSA levAmAM AvatI, ane temAM je chokarAo sArI rIte pasAra thatA temane upalA dhoraNamAM rahaDAvavAmAM AvatA. rA. kamaLAzaMkare aMgrejInAM traNa dhoraNe doDha varSamAM pUrAM karyo ane pachI hAiskUlamAM gayA. agAu e hAIskUlane mATe sarakArI makAna nahotuM. jyAM prathama aMgrejonI koThI hatI ane hAla jyAM De. DosAbhAI kUparanuM makAna che tenI pAsenA eka khAnagI makAnamAM (jemAM hAla mizana skUla che temAM) hAIskUlanuM zikSaNakAma cAlatuM. paNa I. sa. 187ramAM, hAla je che te sarakArI makAna hAIskUlane mATe taiyAra thayuM, ane eja varSathI rA. kamaLAzaMkare e makAnamAM abhyAsa arthe javA mAMDayuM. mAsika parIkSAnA pariNAma pramANe dareka vargamAM pahelA betraNa chekarAone lazipa ApavAmAM AvatI, ane rA. kamaLAzaMkarane paNa evI oNlazipa maLI hatI. cethA dhoraNanA be varga hatA. ekamAM zikSaka tarIke AtmAzaMkara (tripurAzaMkara mahetAjInA putro hatA, ane bIjAmAM sva. harisukharAma hatA. beu varganI vacce bhAre harIphAI cAlatI, paNa temAM rA. AtmAzaMkaranuM zikSaNa vadhAre vakhaNAtuM. emane udyoga, emanI AvaData, ane emanI prAmANiktA brAMca skUlanA te vakhatanA heDamAstara maNidharaprasAdanA jevAMja hatAM. cothA dhoraNamAM pasAra thaIne rA. kamaLAzaMkara pAMcamA dhoraNamAM gayA. tyAM temanA zikSaka dalapatarAma hatA. teo zAnta svabhAvanA, paNa khaMtathI ziSyanA upara kaMika chApa pADI zake evA hatA. chaThThA dhoraNamAM, have riTAyara thayelA mI. dorAbajI edalajI gImI, sva. revAzaMkara (jeo paNa tripurAzaMkara mahetAjInA putra hatA te), ane vallabharAma, e traNa zikSakano lAbha emane ceDA thaDA vakhatane mATe maLe. sAtamA dhoraNamAM, hAlanA prakhyAta pro. khA. ba. jamazedajI aradezara dalAlanA (je te vakhate e skUlanA heDamAstara hatA temanA) hAthataLe re. kamaLAzaMkarane uttama zikSaNa maLyuM, ane eo temanI khAsa prItinuM pAtra thaI paDyA. e prIta evI hatI ke khA. ba. dalAlanI suratathI

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rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedI amadAvAda hAIskUlamAM badalI thayelI tyAra pachI te amadAvAdamAM paNa pitAnA suratanA ziSya kamaLAzaMkaranA vakhANa karatA, ane teno dAkhalo levAnuM bIjA vidyArthIone kahetA. suratamAM te vakhate pharsTa eNsisTaMTa tarIke prakhyAta mi. bhAbhA, jeo thoDo ja vakhata pahelAM misoramAM keLavaNIkhAtAnA sauthI uparI amaladAra hatA, te hatA. eo jyAre zikSaka thaIne AvyA tyAre khA. ba. dalAle chokarAone teonAM sadbhAgyane mATe abhinaMdana ApyuM hatuM ane mi. bhAbhAnI ghaNI prazaMsA karI hatI. paNa e sabhAgya lAMbA vakhata sudhI TayuM nahIM, kAraNa ke teo e nizALamAM betraNa mahinA ja rahyA. tyArapachI vallabharAma pharsTa AsisTaMTanuM kAma karatA hatA. varSanA madhyabhAgamAM thoDo vakhata heDa mAstara tarIke dI. ba. aMbAlAla sAkaralAla ane sisTaMTa tarIke mI. gImI hatA. dIvAna bahAduranI zikSaNapaddhati khA. ba. dalAla karatAM kaMIka judA prakAranI hatI. beunuM zikSaNa asarakAraka hatuM, paNa khA. ba. dalAla thaDA vakhatamAM ghaNuM zikhavavAnI vRtti rAkhatA, ane naThArAmAM naThArA chokarA kaMIka jANe, paNa sArA chokarAo tenAthI ghaNuM vadhAre jANe evuM pariNAma lAvavAno prayatna karatA, tyAre dI. ba. aMbAlAla thoDuMja zikhavatA paNa te pAkuM zikhavatA. e samaye moTrakyulezanamAM aMgrejI kavitAonuM vivaraNa (parAkrujha) karavuM e pharajiyAta hatuM, ane chokarAone judA judA kavionI sArI sArI kRtiomAMthI uttama phakarAo zikhavavAmAM AvatA hatA. rA. kamaLAzaMkara pAchaLathI jyAre naDiyAda hAiskUlanA heDamAstara thayA tyAre emaNe kAvyavivaraNa zikhavavA mATe eja paddhati svIkArI hatI. A vakhate rA. kamaLAzaMkaranA sahAdhyAyIomAM rA. IcchArAma bhagavAnadAsa dalAla (jeo thoDA vakhata pahelAM pUnAmAM eN. DAyarekaTara oNpha egrikalcara hatA te), rA. gAMDAbhAI IdrajI (jeo DepyuTI kaleka- Tarano oddho bhegave che te), rA. chaganalAla kAjI (je hAla junAgaDhamAM eka meDikala oNphisara che te), hosaMgajI vANiyA (amadAvAdanA jANItA vakIla) e mukhya hatA. skUlamAM emane pitAne naMbara ghaNuMkharUM pahelo raheto. te vakhatanA prinsa oNpha velsa ane sva. rAjAsAheba sAtamA eDavarDa je varSe muMbaI AvyA te varSe, eTale I. sa. 1875mAM, rA. kamaLA

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI zuSkara maTrikayulezananI parIkSAmAM beThA. e vakhate emanI ummara 17 varSanI hatI. maeNTrikyulezananI parIkSAmAM besanArA vidyArthIone lakhavA uparAMta, mhADAnI parIkSA paNa ApavI paDatI. aMgrejInuM pariNAma jaNAyA pachI e parIkSA levAtI, ane aMgrejImAM je pasAra thayA hoya teeteja e parIkSA ApavAnA zrama levAnI, parIkSako jANe ajANe bALaka cheAkarAne gabharAvI mUke te te gabharAmaNa sahana karavAnI, ane ante sAmA uN je kai pariNAma Ave tenA hazoka pAmavAnI jarUra paDatI. A saghaLAMnI rA. kamaLAzakarane paNa jarUra paDI, ane Akhare e parIkSAmAMthI teo uttIrNa thayA. paNa " mATalIpuTI"nI "mAthAkuTI'mAMthI chUTayA eTale saghaLIja mAthAkUTane anta Avyo ema naheAtuM. AgaLa abhyAsa karavAne mATe che!rAne muMbai mekalave! ke kema, ene kAlejanuM zikSaNa ApavuM ke DisTrikaTa plIDaranI parIkSAmAM meAkalIneja santoSa mAnaveA, e mahAprazna rA. kamaLAzaMkaranA pitA AgaLa AvIne ubhe! rahyo. aMgrejI bhaNavAnA jete vicAra kAcA hatA te pitAnA svataMtra rItane nirNaya kevA prakArano thayA hatA e viSe kalpanA karavI nirarthaka che. rA. kamaLAzaMkaranuM potAnuM valaNa svAbhAvika rIte muMbaI jaI ne AgaLa abhyAsa karavA tarapha hatuM. paNa chevaTane nirNaya karavAnuM kAma temanA hAthamAM nahotuM. A samaye temanA manamAM ghaNA guMcavADA thatA, ane zuM karavuM te temane sUjhatuM nahIM. emanA sahAdhyAyI mitra rA. icchArAma bhagavAnadAse tA emane kahyuM ke "huM jo tamArI jagAe hAuM te emane ema gharamAMthI peAla thai jAuM." paNa tema karavAnI vRtti emanAmAM bilakula hatI nahIM. Akhare e bAbatamAM khA. khA. dalAlanI salAha levAmAM AvI. temaNe jaNAvyuM ke " tame munasaphanI parIkSAmAM paNa eka mahinAmAM pAsa thaze. paNa dhRSTatAnI tamane jarUra paDaze te tamArAmAM nathI. mATe tame zikSaka thAo. kAlejane abhyAsa karavA mATe jo paisAnI madada tamAre joitI hoya to te madada huM ApIza. "" e salAha pramANe muMbAI javAne TarAva thayA, ane rA. kamaLAzakare i. sa. 1876mAM muMbAinI eliphansTana kaoNlejamAM dAkhala thaI ne peAtAne abhyAsa zarU kIdhA. khA. kha. dalAle paisAnI je madada ApavAnuM kahyuM hatuM te emane levI teA nahAtIja ne levAnI emane bilakula jarUra 98

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rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedI paNa paDI nahIM, kAraNa ke emane potAnA abhyAsa daramyAna skelazipa maLatI hatI. pahelI TarmamAM daza rUpiyAnI oNlarzipa maLatI, ane pachI chamAsika parIkSAnA pariNAma pramANe bAkInA varSamAM paMdara rUpiyAnI maLatI. jeone AvI oNlarzipa maLatI teone kolejanI phInA mahine traNa rUpiyA ApavA paDatA, ane bIjA vidyArthIone pAMca rUpiyA ApavA paDatA. chamAsika parIkSA levAtI tene mATe aMgrejI tathA saMskRtamAM abhyAsakrama bahAranI vadhArAnI (extra) copaDIo AgaLathI nakkI karavAmAM AvatI ane temAMthI prazno pUchAtA. mukarara karelA abhyAsakramamAM te vakhate nibandhane sthAna apAyuM nahotuM, topaNa aMgrejI sAruM zikhavavAmAM AvatuM, nibandho paNa lakhAvatA, ane je nibandho uttama hoya tenA upara Princeps" ema lakhavAmAM AvatuM. rA. kamaLAzaMkaranA lakhelA nibadha upara " Princeps" ema ghaNI vAra AveluM. nibandha sivAya bhASAjJAnanI kasoTI karavA mATe praznapatromAM ghaNI vAra vivecana karavAnuM paNa kahevAmAM AvatuM. pahele varSe rA. kamaLAzaMkara, sva. ratirAma, rA. lalitArAma, rA. lalitAzaMkara vyAsa e sarve ekaja jJAtinA badhuo sAthe bhaNatA. paNa rA. lalitAzaMkara epha. I. e. mAM nApAsa thayA, ane rA. lalitArAma, parIkSAmAM bilakula beThAja nahIM. eTale emane lAMbA vakhata sudhIno sahavAsa te sva. ratirAmanI joDe ja rahe. beu sAthe rahetA, sAthe bhaNatA, sAthe rAMdhatA, ane sAthe jamatA. beu jyAre yunivarsiTinA phelo nImAyA tyAre temanA mAnane mATe suratanI nAgara brAhmaNa jJAtino meLAvaDo karavAmAM Avyo hato te prasaMge re. ratirAma taraphathI e jUnI maitrInA sambandha viSe ghaNuM asarakAraka nivecana karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM, ane rA. kamaLAzaMkara nA hRdayamAM paNa e pUrvakALanA chUpAM smaraNo tAjA thaI AvyAM hatAM. e vakhate ela ela. bI. nI Tarma AgaLathI bharI zakAtI hatI. paNa rA. kamaLAzaMkara to doDha varSa rahIne epha. i. e. thavAnA vicArathIja muMbAi gayA hatA, ane muMbaImAM vadhAre vakhata rahevAno emane vicAra nahoto; vaLI, rAInuM kAma paNe haMmezAM hAthe karavAnuM hatuM eTale temAM vakhata jate, tethI ela ela. bI nI Tarma emaNe bharI nahotI. koleja te vakhate bhAyakhalAmAM hatI. kolejamAM abhyAsakrama traNa varSane

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI * hatA. vajhavartha, kolejanA prinsipAla hatA, pITarsane saMskRtanA prophesara hatA, ane bhAMDArakara emanA madadanIza hatA. varDajhavarthanI zikSaNapaddhati uttama hatI. e je zikhavatA te parIkSA pAsa karAvavAnA hetuthI nahIM, paNa kharA umaMgathI zikhavatA. je viSaya 'zikhavatA hoya tenuM sAruM jJAna ApavuM eTaluM ja nahIM, paNa temAM rasa utpanna kare, temAM vidyAthI one Ananda paDe evuM karavuM, teone e viSayanA abhyAsanuM vyasana lAge evuM karavuM, e tarapha emanuM khAsa lakSa hatuM. hAlamAM ghaNA prophesare kare che tema e AkhA kalAka sudhI bhASaNaja nahotA ApyA karatA, paNa ghaNI vAra vidyArthIne prazna pUchIne tenI pAse uttara kaDhAvatA. vavartha sAheba kalAsamAM Ave ke prathama vidyArthIonI hAjarI pUre, pachI eka vidyArthIne Ubho kare, pite bhASaNa ApatA jAya, ane vacamAM vacamAM pilA vivAthIne ocintA savAlo pUchatA jAya,-e emanI zikhavavAnI rIta hatI. epha. I. e. nA vargamAM IglAMDano ItihAsa pahelA viliyamathI te trIjA ricarDa sudhI, ane grIsano itihAsa Akho zIkhavavAno hato. e viSaya varDjhavartha zikhavatA. AkhA varSamAM emaNe IglAMDano ItihAsa prathamathI mAMDIne pahelA viliyama sudhI-eTale jyAMthI zIkhavAno zarU karavAno hato tyAMsudhI -zIkhavyo, paNa eTalAmAM ItihAsanuM evuM to sAruM jJAna ApyuM ane itihAsamAM e to rasa utpanna karyo ke tenI asara rA. kamaLAzaMkara jevAnA mana upara haMmezane mATe rahI ane emanA hAtha nIce bhaNelA vidyAthIone, temaja emano aMgrejImAM lakhela "IMglAMDane saMkSipta itihAsa' vAMcanArAone paNa te ati lAbhadAyI thaI paDI. ItihAsa zikhavatI vakhate varDjhavartha sAheba " "Freeman's Sketch of European History" 342 514Dio vAMcavAnI sarvane bhalAmaNa karatA. ItihAsa sivAya bekananI nibabdha ane zekasapiyaranAM nATaka, e paNa vavartha ja zikhavatA. 3. rAmakRSNa gopALa bhAMDArakarane paNa ghaNI khaMtathI zikhavavAnI Teva hatI. eo saMskRta zikhavatA te ghaNuMkharUM chokarAo pAseja bhASA ntara karAvatA, ane jyAM pAThaphera hoya tyAM AgaLa ke pATha sAre che teno nirNaya paNa temanI ja pAse karAvatA. kahama aMgrejInA prophesara hatA. e ane 3. pITarsane beu aMgrejI 100

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rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedI bolatA te spaSTa ane sarvathI samajI zakAya evI rIte belatA. pITasaMna sAheba chokarAone ghera paNa bolAvatA, maLatAvaDo svabhAva rAkhatA, ane saMskRtamAM je zikhavavAnuM hoya te zAstrInI sAthe rahIne vAMcyA pachI ghaNuM madhura bhASAmAM vidyArthIo AgaLa te mUktA. evA guruonI pAsethI jJAna meLavIne rA. kamaLAzaMkara I. sa. 1877nA eprila mAsamAM epha. I. e. nI parIkSAmAM bIjA vargamAM pasAra thayA, ane elaphinsTana kaeNlejanA saghaLA vidyAthIomAMthI e pahele naMbare pAsa thayelA hovAthI emane rU. 325nuM pAritoSika maLyuM. tyAra pachI, arthazAstra ane ItihAsane acchika viSaya laIne emaNe bI. e. ne abhyAsa zarU karyo, ane temAM paNa I. sa. 1878mAM bIjA vargamAM e pasAra thayA. hajI sudhI nahi maLelI, paNa have AgaLanA bhAre abhyAsane mATe taddana Avazyaka, dravyanI madada, rA. kamaLAzaMkarane emanA sukhI vaDIla taraphathI maLI nahi hovAthI, ela ela. bI. ne ema. e. thavAnA vicAro, buddhibaLa hovA chatAM, vicAramAtraja rahI gayA; mAtra ziSyavRttiothI haDaselAtuM vidyArthijIvananuM vahANa svAbhAvika rIte ja aTakI paDayuM. upara varNavyuM te pramANe, vidyArthijIvananAM duHkha veThIne, sAdAI ane saraLatAne sevIne, jJAtinA samsa niyamone daDhatAthI vaLagI rahIne, svAzraya ane snehanuM avalaMbana karIne, udyoga ane khaMtanuM sAmarthya dharIne emaNe prathama AzramanA dharmanuM pAlana karyuM; ane je ke, ApaNuM hAlanA samAjamAM eka AzramanA dharma te ApaNe muzkelIthI bajAvI zakatA hoIe eTalAmAM bIjA AzramanA dharmano bhAra paNa ApaNuM zira para AvI paDe che tevuM emane paNa thayuM hatuM. te paNa have emanuM vidyArthijIvana pUruM thayuM ane gRhasthAzramanI aneka navI navI phIkara cintAo emanA upara AvI paDI. paNa emanuM vidyArthijIvana pUruM thayuM eTale hAlamAM aneka grejyueTa kare che tema emaNe vidyAne visArI mUkI hatI ema nahotuM. vidyA te eka dravya meLavavAnA sAdhana tarIke upayoganI che evuM emane nahotuM lAgatuM, paNa emane vidyA tarapha svayaMbhU prema hato, ane koleja cheDayA pachI paNa vidyA vadhAravA e haMmeza utsuka rahetA. saMskRta bhASA upara te emane, mULathIja vizeSa bhAva hato. nahAnapaNathI emaNe saMskRtano abhyAsa sAro. 101

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graMthakAra, caritrAvalI karyAM hatA. ee aMgrejI ceAthA dhAraNamAM hatA tyArathI vizvanAtha zAstrIne tyAM saMskRta zIkhavA jatA. e vizvanAtha zAstrI te suratanA suprasiddha zAstrI dinamaNizaMkara ( jenI kIrti hiMdustAnamAMja nahIM, paNa yuropanA saMskRta bhASAbhijJAmAM paNa phelAyalI che, jenA kImatI pustakAlayanA DA. lara jevA vidvAneA ane prAcIna sAhityazodhakoe chUTathI upayega karIne saMgIna sevA bajAvI che, jee suratanA cAra "daddA'-(durgArAma, dalapatarAma, dAdobA, ane dinamaNizaMkara )-mAMnA eka hatA, ane jemaNe vilAyata jaI AvanArA rA. sA. mahipatarAma rUparAmane pAyazcitta ApI pAvana karIne AkhI nAgarI nyAtanA upara hamezane ane bhUlAya nahi evA upakAra karyo che temanA ) ziSya hatA. vizvanAtha zAstrI sivAya, suratanA sagarAmaparAnA mArtaMDa zAstrI pAse jaIne paNa emaNe saMskRtane abhyAsa karelA. e zAstrIne tyAM javAmAM rA. baLavaMtarAya ( jee hAlamAM suratanA eka bAhoza vakIla ane AgevAna zaherI che ane jee paNa tripurAzakara mahetAjInA putra thAya te paNa ) emanI sAthe hatA. banne sAthe 'laghukaumudI'nA abhyAsa karatA. bI. e. thayA pachI rA. kamaLAza kara suratanI nANAvaTamAM rahenArA durgAzaMkara zAstrI pAsethI * siddhAntakaumudI zIkhyA, ane bAkInuM saMskRta jJAna emaNe pote peAtAnI meLe saMpAdana kIdhuM. paNa vidvattAbharyA pustakA vAMcyA karyAMthI kaMI peTa bharAtuM nathI ane ekalI vidyAne sevyA karyAMthI kai vastunI prApti thaI zakatI nathI. rA. kamaLAzaMkare potAnuM vidyArthina pUruM thayA pachI dravyaprAptine mATe kaye 6 " mA zeAdhyA te tarapha have ApaNe vaLIe. je varSe e bI. e. mAM pAsa thayA teja varSe sara ricarDa TepalanA evA rAva hatA ke mahesulI khAtAnA tIjoraranI rUA. 35)nI jagA taratanA bI. e. thayalAone ApavI. tyAM doDha varSa sudhIne anubhava meLavyA pachI mAmalatadArI maLe evI rItanI vyavasthA hatI. e doDha varSamAM higher ane lowernI parIkSA ApavAnI hatI. e jagA mATe emaNe ajI paNa karelI ane jagA surata zaheramAM khAlI paNu hatI. paNa surata zaheramAM nImaNuka na thatAM suratanA mAMDavI tAlukAmAM nImaNuka thai. tyAMnuM pANI kharAba, ane tyAM javAthI eka sagAnuM maraNa thayaluM, tethI emanA bApa ane sasarA beue sakhta nA kahI, eTale e jagA levAnA vicAra emaNe mAMDI vALyo ane e keLavaNI khAtAmAM dAkhala thayA. rA. gulAbadAsa nANAvaTI ( je hAla 102

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rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedI kalAsa saba jajaja che ) surata mizana hAI skUlamAMthI rajA para gulA temanI jagAe zikSaka tarIke eka mahIno rU. pa0)ne pagAre kAma kIdhA pachI sarakArI hAI skUlamAM navamA eNsisTaMTanI jagA saba prema rU. 55). ne pagAre athavA marajI hoya to rAjakoTamAM rU. 80)ne pagAre emane maLe ema hatuM. emaNe rAjakoTanI jagA pasaMda kIdhI, paNa gharanAM mANasone surata cheDI rAjakoTa javAnA vicArathI ghaNo kheda thaye eTale rAjakoTa javAne vicAra mAMDI vALyo ane tarata tAra kIdhe ke "more willing for Surat: accidental reason" (pus Bidoul loc lIdhe suratamAM nokarI levAne vadhAre khuzI chuM). sADAcAra mahInA sudhI suratamAM nokarI kIdhA pachI doDha mahIne rahIne i. sa. 1878mAM bharUca hAI skUlamAM rA. bA. pArvatIzaMkaranA hAtha nIce rUA. 60)ne pagAre rA. gagala vanamALI pAThekane ThekANe emanI nImaNuka thai. te vakhate zaMkara pAMDuraMga paMDitanI-oriyenTala TrAnsaleTara-oNphisamAM rU. 50)nI jagA khAlI hatI. e khabara mi. modaka mAraphata AvI hatI, paNa e jagA levAthI AgaLa kaMI jhAjhe lAbha maLe ema jaNAyuM nahIM tethI enI nA kahI. bharUca hAI skUlamAM e nava mahInA rahyA te daramyAna rA. bA. pArvatIzaMkaranI emaNe ghaNI prIti saMpAdana kIdhI. emanuM zikSaNa joIne, emanI kALajI ane khaMta joIne, ane ziSyomAM emano sAra dhAka rahete joIne e ghaNA khuzI thayA. paNa rA. bA. pArvatI zaMkaranI prItinuM sauthI moTuM kAraNa to emanAmAM te vakhate satyano je prema jaNAya ane sadvicAranI je svataMtratA jaNAI te hatuM. e satyaprIti ane e vicArasvAtaMtryano eka dAkhalo A sthaLe Apa aprAsaMgika nahIM gaNAya. eka vakhate pablika sarvisanI parIkSAmAM suparvAijharanuM kAma rA. kamaLAzaMkarane soMpavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. parIkSAmAM beThelA eka vidyArthInI TepImAMthI lakhelA kAgaLiA nIkaLI AvyA. AthI rA. kamaLAzaMkare e kesa kamiTi AgaLa raju kIdhe. e vakhate pablika sarvisanI parIkSA mATe traNa jaNanI kamiTi nImAtI. eka hAI skUlanA heDamAstara (rA. bA. pArvatIzaMkara), temanA pahelA madadanIza zikSaka (rA. chabIlArAma dolatarAma, jeo suratanA eka dharmacusta nAgara brAhmaNa che, te), ane DepyuTI enyukezanala InspekaTara ( zAstrI gaNapatarAma ). chabIlArAma te vakhate surata 10 3

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI gayA hatA, eTale A vidyArthInA kesane nirNaya karavAnu kAma rA. bA. pAvatIzaMkara ane zAstrI gaNapatarAmanuM hatuM. rA. gaNapatarAmane abhiprAya evA jaNAtA hatA ke " ApaNe te| vidyAthI ee keTalI vidyA saMpAdana karI tenI parIkSA karavAnI che, ApaNe kaMI cAlacalagatanAM pramANapA e leAkeA pAsethI letA nathI; mATe e vidyAthIne javA devA. '' paNa rA. bA. pAtIzaMkarane evI luccAi tarapha ghaNA tiraskAra hatA tethI e vicAra mAnya rahyo nahIM, ee rA. kamaLAzakaranA mata sAthe maLatA AvyA, ' kApI karanAra ziSyane kai paNa zAsana karavAmAM na Ave te pachI suparboijhara rAkhyAnuM prayAjana zuM?" emaNe rA. kamaLAza karane vAMsA hokIne emane zAkhAsI ApI, ane pelA vidyArthIne ghaTatI zikSA karI. rA. bA. pArvatIzakare rA. kamaLAzaMkarane mATe DaoN. skUlarane bhalAmaNa karelI te parathI emane rU. 80)ne pagAre amadAvAda hAiskUlamAM cothA asisTaMTanI jagA maLI. e skUlamAM te vakhate pAMcaja asisTaMTa hatA. chellA eNsisTaMTa rA. raNacheADalAla khaMbhAtI ( je hAla suratanI hAi skUlanA heDa mAstara che te ) hatA. besTa sAheba heDa mAstara hatA. tyAra pachI rA. kamaLAzaMkara dhIre dhIre nekarImAM caDatA gayA. vacamAM-I. sa. 1882mAM surata hAI skUlamAM daza mahInA sArU emanI badalI thayalI. te vakhate jUnI DhabanA prakhyAta zikSaka mi. uttamarAma narabherAma tyAM heDa mAstara hatA. amadAvAdanI kAlejamAM te vakhate ekalI priviyasanIja kalAsa hatI. te, skUla sAthe joDAyalI hatI, ane skUla tathA kAleja beunA prinsipAla tarIke khA. ba. jamazedajI aradezara dalAla hatA. emane rA. kamaLAzaMkara upara ghaNA prema hAvAthI emanA AgrahathI sarakhe pagAre eTale rU. 90) ne pagAra-e suratathI pAchA amadAvAda hAi skUlamAM trIjA asisTanTa tarIke AvyA, ane vadhatAM vadhatAM pahelA eNsisTaMTa thayA. khA. ba. dalAlanA vakhata kaeNAlejamAM ja jatA, eTale skUlanI vyavasthA meTe bhAge emanA hAthamAM rahetI ane sAtamA dhAraNamAM paNa eeja zIkhavatA. i. sa. 1889mAM mi. UnavALAne kAgaLa khA. a. dalAla upara AvyA te parathI bhAvanagaranI sAmaLadAsa kAlejamAM prephesara tarIke emanI nImaNUka thaI. rAjyanA nAkara tarIke pagAra rUA. 250) thI rUA. 350) 104

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rA. khA. kamaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedI sudhI, ane sarakArI nokara tarIke za. 300) sudhInA ApavAnI khuzI batAvavAmAM AvI. khA. ba. dalAle kahyuM ke, " tyAM rAjyanA nAkara tarIke vadhAre pagAra maLe ema che, tethI tame khuzIthI rAjInAmuM ApIne jAe. e rAjyamAM kadAca nahIM phAve te! khIjA koi rAjyamAM huM tamane sArI nAkarI apAvIza. keTalAka vakhata vicAra karyAM pachI rA. kamaLAza kare sarakArI nokara tarIke javuM eja vadhAre salAmatIbhareluM gaNyuM ane e pramANenI icchA emaNe darzAvI. paNa e daramiyAna, rAjyamAM nekarIne lAbha thaDA samayane mATe levAnI kaIka khaTapaTa thayelI tene lIdhe tyAMthI evA javAba maLyA ke sarakArI nekarI para haka rAkhI ahIM AvavAnI geAThavaNa tamAre tamArI meLe karI levI. A vAta azakya hovAthI i. sa. 1889 thI 1890, e eka vane mATe emaNe rajA lIdhI, ane bhAvanagara gayA. e varSa divasamAM te kaeNlejamAM jAtajAtanI khaTapaTA joI, rajavADAnI nAkarIthI kaMTALyA, ane rajA pUrI thate amadAvAda rU|. 150)ne pagAre pahelA eNsisTaMTa tarIke pAchA pharyAM. "" bhAvanagara cheADavAnA prasaMga AvyA te prasaMge emane keTalAka pAraaMdaranA chekarAe maLavA AvyA hatA, tenI sAthe vAtacIta thatAM acAnaka dvArakA javAne vicAra thaI AvyeA. dalAla sAheba te vakhate amarelInA sukhA hatA, temane e viSe lakhyuM. temaNe dvArakAnA vahIvaTadAra para patra lakhIne hu sArI rIte vyavasthA karI ApI; ane rA. kamaLAzaMkara sahakuTuMbaparivAra pAlItANA, junAgaDha, giranAra, porabaMdara (sudAmApurI), verAvaLa prabhAsapATaNa, ne dvArakA jaI AvyA. emane yAtrAneA zokha vizeSa hovAthI e sivAya paNa khIjI bIjI mATI yAtrAe emaNe karelI che. zrInAthajInI yAtrA emaNe karelI tenuM savistara varNana rA. atisukhazaMkara (emanA putra) nuM lakheluM vasantamAM " cauda divasanA dhArmika pravAsa e nAmathI prasiddha thayuM che. te sivAya, gaye varSe dakSiNa tarapha TheTha rAmezvara sudhInI yAtrA ee karI AvyA hatA; ane madrAsa, tirUpati (bAlAjI), zivakAMcI, viSNukAMcI, kuMbhakAm kuMbhadheNum), cidaMbaram, tricinApelI ( triziraHpuram ), madUrA e sava jovA lAyaka sthaLA joI AvyA hatA. rAmezvara jatAM madurAnI setupati hAI skUlamAM mukAma karyo hatA. tyAMnA eTalA para khurazI mAMDIne ee beThA hatA. te vakhate khurazI acAnaka uthalI javAthI emane eTalAne patthara vAgyA hatA ane mAthA para sakhta ghA thayA > "" 105 14

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI hatA. tene lIdhe madUrAmAM keTalAka divasa sudhI emane rokAvuM paDayuM hatuM. te sivAya, e yAtrA paNa nirvighne samApta thaI hatI. saghaLI yAtrAe ane tyAMsudhI kuTuMbanAM saghaLAM mANasAne sAthe laI neja karavI evA emane niyama che. i. sa. 1891mAM elaphinsTana kaoNlejanA DaoN. pITarsana rajA para gayalA temanI jagAe, mi. ela. Ara. vaidyanuM mRtyu thatAM, rA. kamaLAzaMkaranI nImaNuka thai. saMskRtanA prephesaranI jagA meLavanAra pahelA gujarAtI eeja hatA. pre. AbAjI viSNu kAthavaTe ane DaoN. rAmakRSNa gApALa bhAMDArakara, e beunI bhalAmaNathI ee priviyasa, eka. bI.e. iTarbiDiyeTa, bI. e.mAM saMskRtanA parIkSaka nImAyA. mi. kAthavaTe amadAvAdanI kaoNlejamAM saMskRtanA prephesara hatA. te vakhata amadAvAdanI skUlanA sAtamA dhAraNamAM moTe bhAge kAlejanA prAfesarAja zikhavatA. te pramANe preA, kAthavaTe paNa skUlamAM saMskRta zikhavatA. emane rA. kamaLAzaMkara upara ghaNA prema hatA. emanI " kArtikaumudI "nAM prazna emaNe rA. kamaLAzaMkara pAse vaMcAvelAM. DA. bhAMDArakarane prema paNa tevAja hatA. saMskRta laI ne kAlejane abhyAsa karanArA gujarAtI vidyArthIenI saMkhyA,te vakhate nahIM jevIja hatI. tevA samayamAM rA, kamaLAzaMkarane saMskRta upara ghaNI prIti hatI te joI ne DaoN. bhAMDArakarane Ananda thatA. eka vakhata nyAyanA mAsika parIkSAnA emanA lakhelA pepara emaNe kalAsamAM saghaLA vidyArthIe AgaLa vAMcI saMbhaLAvyA hatA ane tenAM vakhANa kIdhAM hatAM. mi. ela. Ara. vaidyanA mRtyuthI saMskRtanA parIkSakanI jagA khAlI paDelI hovAthI preA. kAthavaTee jasTisa telagane lakhyuM ke parIkSaka tarIke rA. kamaLAzaMkara nImAvA joie.' e vicArane DA. bhAMDArakare paNa TekA ApyA, ane i. sa. 1891 thI i. sa. 1897 sudhI eTale sAta varSa sudhI ee e parIkSAomAM saMskRtanA parIkSaka nImAyA hatA. e sAta varSe emaNe parIkSaka tarIke kAma kIdhuM, temAMnAM keTalAMka varSomAM emanA sAthI tarIke DaoN. pITarsana hatA. muMbAInI kAlejamAM preAphesara tarIke kAma kIdhA pachI i. sa. 1892 nA jUna mAsamAM rA. sA. mahIpatarAmanA mRtyu pachI rUA. 150)nI, premacaMda rAyacaMda TreniMga kolejanA vAIph prinsipAlanI jagA navI nIkaLI aM. emanI badalI thaI. i. sa. 1893mAM Dekkana kaeNAlejamAMthI DA. bhAMDArakara 16

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rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedI riTAyara thayA tenI jagAe amadAvAdanA pro. kAthavaTenI nImaNuka thaI, ane pre. kAthavaTenI salAha pramANe gujarAta kolejanI khAlI paDelI jagA upara nImAvA mATe emaNe arajI karelI ane berDanA meMbare paNa emanI tarapheNamAM hatA. paNa bhAIlsa sAheba (je InspekaTara hatA temaNe) kahyuM ke "sarakAra tamArI nokarIne lAbha borDane A pavA taiyAra thaze nahIM." teja vakhate emanA upara phIlDa sAhebano tAra Avyo hato, temAM pUchayuM hatuM ke "elaphinsTana kolejamAM javA mATe tame kamaLAzaMkarane mokalI zakazo ?" e tArane emaNe upaga karyo ane i. sa. 1893mAM rA. kamaLAzaMkaranI elaphinsTana kolejamAM prephesara tarIke cha mahInA mATe nImaNuka thaI. te vakhate pITarasana sAheba paNa teja kaeNlejamAM hatA, paNa te aMgrejI zikhavatA hatA. I. sa. 1894mAM paNa pAchI e ja pramANe emanI nImaNuka thayelI, ane dara vakhate bIjI TarmamAMja nImaNuka thayelI te chatAM eo kaoNlejamAM dAkhala thatA ke pahele ja dIvasathI, ne zIkhavAtI copaDInA cAlelA bhAganI AgaLathIja kalAsa levA mAMDatA. i. sa. 1895mAM eo naDiAdamAM heDa mAstara tarIke nImAyA hatA. i. sa. 1896-97mAM pUnAnI kolejamAM prophesara tarIke emaNe kAma karyuM hatuM. e vakhate paNa emaNe kaMI arajI kIdhI nahotI, paNa ocintI tAra mAraphateja emanI nImaNuka thayelI, ane tarata tyAM jaIne potAnA zikSaNa vaDe tyAMnA saMskRta sAhityanA zokhIna vidyArthIone saMpUrNa saMtoSa Apelo. eja arasAmAM eone muMbaI yunivarsiTinA eka phela tarIke pasaMda karavAmAM AvyA. I. sa. 1896-97mAM eka prasaMge selbI sAthe keTalIka vAtacIta thatAM e sAhebe pUchyuM ke "tame seneTamAM AvavAnA cho ke nahIM ?" rA. kamaLAzaMkare kahyuM ke, "huM phelo nathI eTale mArAthI AvI zakAya nahIM.' zuM tame phela nathI ? " ema sebI sAhebe pUchayuM, ane te viSe pitAnI DAyarImAM nedha rAkhI. ane I. sa. 1897mAM rA. kamaLAzaMkara yunivarsiTinA phela thayA. i. sa. 1898-99 mAM eo pAchA naDiyAdamAMja heDa mAstara tarIke rahelA. e samayamAMja pITasana sAhebanuM mRtyu thayuM. ethI saMskRta prophesaranI je jagA eliphinsTana kolejamAM khAlI paDI tyAM rA. kamaLA 107

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI zaMkare agAu traNa vakhata temaja Dekkana kAlejamAM paNa eka varSa preAphesara tarIke kAma kareluM heAvAthI, emanI nImaNuka thavAnA saMbhava jaNAtA hatA, ane jAilsa sAhebe emane mATe bhalAmaNa paNa karelI, paNa te jagA mATenI spardhAmAM emanI sAthe DA. rAmakRSNa gopALa bhAMDArakaranA putra mi. zrIdhara hatA, temane e jagA maLI. e jagA rA. kamaLAzakarane na maLI te mATe jAIlsa sAhebe emanA upara dilAsAne patra lakhyA ane pre. kAthavaTenI jagAe emanI nImaNuka karavAnuM vacana ApyuM. i. sa. 1900-01mAM emaNe bharUca hAIskUlamAM heDa mAstara tarIke kAma kIdhuM. ee bharUca hAI skUlamA hatA te darmiyAna jUnAgaDhamAM khAudIna kAleja sthapAI ane tyAMthI te vakhatanA dIvAna sAhee, cunIlAla sArAbhAie pRAvyuM ke "tame saMskRtanA prephesara tarIke AvavA khuzI che ? '' jAIlsa sAhebanI e bAbatamAM salAha lIdhI, temaNe nA kahevAthI rA. kamaLAzaMkare e jagAne mATe nA lakhI mAkalI. i. sa 1901nA jUna mAsamAM rA. kamaLAzakara bharUcathI naDiyAda pAchA AvyA. te darmiyAna pre. kAthavaTenI jagA khAlI paDI. e jagA rA. kamaLAzaMkarane maLe tene mATe jAIlsa sAhebe dhaNA prayAsa karyo. paNa e jagAe nImaNuka emanI na thatAM mi. ke. bI. pAThakanI thaI. jAilsa sAhebe pAchA dilAsAne patra lakhyo, ane ethI judA kSetramAM huM tamane vadhAre lAbha apAvIza' e pramANe lakhyuM. i. sa. 1902nA oNgasTamAM amadAvAdanI premacaMda rAyacaMda TreniMga kAlejanA prinsipAla tarIke rA. kamaLAza'karatI nImaNuka thai, ane be mahinA pachI mAdhavalAlabhAInuM mRtyu thavAthI emanI nImaNuka kAyamanI thai. i. sa. 1902mAM pAchA ee yunivarsiTinA parIkSaka nImAyA;ane ema. e.nI parIkSAmAM e sAlathI te i. sa. 1908 sudhI emaNe DA. rAmakRSNa geApALa bhAMDArakaranI sAthe saMskRtanA parIkSaka tarIke kAma karyuM. te uparAMta yunivarsiTinA prAijh esejha-surI gokuLajI jhAlA vedAnta phaMDanA ane evA khIjA-prasaMge prasaMge tapAsavA mATe yuAnavarsiTI taraphathI emanA para meAkalavAmAM Ave che. muMbaI yunivarsiTI uparAMta paMjAbamAM paNa emaNe saMskRta parIkSaka tarIke ghaNAM varasa sudhI kAma kareluM che. sAkSara zrI maNilAla nabhubhAInA mRtyu pachI tyAMnI Oriental Faculty nI 108

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rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedI vizArada'nI ane "zAstrInI parIkSAmAM I. sa. 1899 thI te 1908 sudhI eo parIkSaka hatA, ane A sAlamAM eo pAchA "zAstrI nI parIkSAmAM nImAyA che. i. sa. 1907nA varSathI 1909nA varSa sudhI meTrikyulezananI parIkSAmAM paNa saMskRtanA parIkSaka tarIke eo hatA. paMjAbanI "zAstrInI parIkSAno abhyAsakrama ahiMnI ema. e.nI parIkSAnA jeTalo hoya che. nyAya, vedAnta, vyAkaraNa,-e saghaLA viSayamAM ahIMnI peThe parIkSA levAya che, paNa tyAM "zAstrI ane tenAthI utaratI "vizArada e beu parIkSAmAM praznapatra paNa saMskRtamAMja kaDhAya che ane uttara paNa saMskRtamAM ApavAnA hoya che e moTo phera che. ahiM "sujJa gokuLajI jhAlA vedAnta prAIjha"ne mATe ema. e.ne vidyArthIone saMskRtamAMja javAba ApavA paDe che tevuMja tyAM "zAstrI" ane "vizArada'nI parIkSAomAM thAya che. I. sa. 1905mAM "Secondary Teachers' Training College" navI sthapAvAnI hatI tenA vAIlsa prinsipAla tarIke rU. 300-50-500nA pagArathI khAsa rA. kamaLAzaMkaranI pasaMdagI karavAne jAilsa sAhebane vicAra hato. te viSe emaNe rA. kamaLAzaMkara upara patra lakhyo, temAM lakhyuM hatuM ke "You as a Sanskrit scholar and authority in the Vernaculars would, I think, be very useful in the work of the College in developing to the normal students the relations between languages and the proper view of history. But your long experience as a Head Master and Head of a Training College is of course what would specially render you valuable in a Secondary Training College. May I add that your own personal character would also, I thing, have a most useful influence over young men who are learning how to teach others.". rA. kamaLAzaMkare rU. 300)nA pagAre e jagA levA nAkhuzI batAvI tyAre jAIlsa sAhebe rU. 400-50-500 ane Akhare ekadama rU. 500) 109

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI ane gharabhADAnA rU. 50) judA ApavAno vicAra jaNAvyo, ane te pramANe sarakAramAM lakhyuM paNa kharuM, paNa e darakhAsta tyAM pasAra thaI nahIM. sarakAre rU. 300)thI zarU karI rU. 25)nA vArSika vadhArA, rU. 500) sudhI pagAra tathA rU. 50) House rentnA ApavA tathA amadAvAdanI TreniMga kaoNlejanI jagA rU. 400)nI thAya tyAre ekadama rU. 400) karavA lakhyuM; paNa emaNe muMbaInA rUA. 500) karatAM amadAvAdanA rU. 400) vadhAre pasaMda karI upakAra sAthe muMbaInI jagA levA nA lakhI. I. sa. 1908 nA me-jUnamAM rA. kamaLAzaMkare uttara vibhAganA eNkiMTaga ejyukezanala InspekaTara tarIke kAma karyuM hatuM. te vakhate pitAnI hamezanI jagA paranuM kAma paNa emaNe sAthe sAthe karyuM hatuM. e pramANe rA. kamaLAzaMkaranA sarakArI nokara tarIke jIvananI mukhya mukhya vigato ApaNe jaNAvI gayA. saMskRta bhASAnA sArA vidvAna ane gujarAtI bhASAnA pratiSThita sAkSara tarIke emaNe je sevA bajAvI che te TUMkamAM jaNAvIne emanA caritrane A hevAla ApaNe pUro karIzuM. emanI "Brief History of England" je prathama i. sa. 1887mAM chapAi tenI 6 AvRttio thaI cUkI che te to dareka aMgrejI nizALamAM bhaNatA vidyArthIne jANItI che, eTaluM ja nahIM paNa bI. e. mAM bhaNatA vidyArthIo paNa e copaDIo vAMce che ane koIka vAra sArI rIte pAsa thAya che e vAta e parIkSAnA anubhavIonA jJAna bahAra nathI. paNa emanAM vadhAre vidvattAbharyo pustake gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAITI taraphathI je chapAyAM che athavA sarakAra taraphathI prasiddha thatI saMskRtanI pustakamAlAmAM je prasiddha thayAM che te che. smAIlasanI 'DayUTI" (kartavya) nuM emaNe bhASAntara karyuM che. bakalanA ItihAsa parathI "IMglAMDanI unnatine itihAsa emaNe lakhyo che. bAdarAyaNa vyAsanA brahmasUtra upara zrI zaMkarAcAryanI zArIraka bhASya" nAmanI je TIkA che tene emaNe anuvAda karyo che. Do. bhAMDArakaranI "saMskRta sekaDa buka'nuM bhASAntara karyuM che. tathA vaDedarA rAjyanI jJAnamaMjUSA mATe navIna saMskRta pustakAvali (traNa bhAgamAM) racI che, temAMnuM "saMskRta prathama pustaka chapAyuM che. te uparAMta, nIcenAM pustako emanA hastaka sarakAra taraphathI chapAyAM che tenI prastAvanA, TIkA vageremAM emanI zodhakavRtti, vidvatA, udyoga ane khaMta spaSTa jaNAI Ave che. 110

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rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedI, e uparAMta "gujarAta zALApatra" nAmanuM mAsika i. sa. 1902nA ogasTathI emanA taMtrIpaNA heThaLa cAlavA mAMDayuM tyAra pachI agAu "mAsa'nA zIrSaka nIce AvelA lekha ane tyAra pachI e zIrSaka vinA patranA AraMbhamAM AvelA lekha sarva emanA lakhelA che, ane temAM vyAkaraNa bhASA, kAvyazAstra, nyAyazAstra, mAnasazAstra, keLavaNI prAkRtabhASA vagere vividha viSaye carcAyA che. kamaLAzaMkaranA jIvanano agatyane vRttAnta ApaNe saMkSepamAM jaNAvI gayA. emanuM zaizava kevA prakAranuM hatuM, prAthamika zikSaNa emaNe kyAM AgaLa ane kevI rIte lIdhuM hatuM, emaNe aMgrejIno abhyAsa kaI skUlamAM ane kaI kolejamAM karyo hato, kevA guruonA zikSaNano lAbha emane maLyo hato, emanA pitAnA jUnA vicArane lIdhe emane vidyAbhyAsa viSe. utsAha kevo aMkuzamAM raheto hato, vidyAbhyAsa AgaLa calAvavAno vicAra kIdhA pachI paNa eka nAgara brAhmaNa tarIke emane kevI muzIbato veThavI paDatI hatI. vidyAbhyAsa pachI kaI nokarI levI tene nirNaya kevI rIte karavAmAM AvyuM, e nokarImAM emanI uttarottara vRddhi kevI rIte thaI emanA uparIonI emanA upara hamezA kevI prIti hatI, muMbaI yunivarsiTinA phelo tarIkenuM mAna emane kevI rIte maLyuM, muMbaI tathA paMjAbanA yunivarsiTimAM aneka varSo sudhI parIkSaka tarIke kAma karavAno prasaMga emane kevI rIte prApta thayo, yAtrAno zokha paNa e keTale aMze pUre pADI zakyA, ane saMskRta, gujarAtI, tathA aMgrejImAM sArAM pustaka prasiddha karI zALApatramAM vividha viSayo carcA sAhityanI paNa emaNe kevI kImatI sevA bajAvI te ApaNe joyuM. sAthe sAthe emanA vakhatanI zikSaNapaddhati, emanA zikSakonI AvaData hoziyArI ane kartavyaparAyaNatA, emanA vakhatanI ramata vagere AnuSaMgika viSaya viSe paNa ApaNe keTaluMka jANyuM, paNa e saghaLI jhINI jhINI vigatane bhedIne ApaNe vadhAre uDI dRSTithI joIe chIe ane e jIvanane amuka mArgamAM preranArAM sUkSma to kyAM che tene ApaNe vicAra karIe chIe, e jIvana amukaja prakAranuM ghaDAyuM ane tene pravAha amukaja vegathI vahyo gayo tenAM gUDha kAraNe ApaNe zedhIe chIe to te nathI jaNAtAM emanI vidvattAmAM ke nathI jaNAtAM emanA vAkyAturyamAM. emane udyoga, emanI khaMta, ane emanI prAmANikatA, e naitika guNomAMja emanA jIvanane thaDe ke 111

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI , ghaNe aMze pazu saphaLa karanAruM baLa raheluM che ema ApaNane mAlama paDe che. emanI vidvattA viSe be mata hovAno saMbhava nathI. skUlomAM ane kolejomAM emanI zikSaNa paddhati kevI saphaLa nIvaDI, ziSyanA upara dhArelI asara e kevI sacoTa rIte karI zakyA te e zikSaNane lAbha levAne bhAgyazAlI thayelA dareka vidyArthIne sArI rIte jANItuM che. "svAnubhavarasika ke "sarvAnubhavarasika, AtmalakSI" ke "paralakSI kavitAonAM joDakaNAM emaNe joyAM nathI, nATake emaNe racyAM nathI, ne navalakathAo emaNe banAvI nathI. paNa kalpanA ane sargazaktine dAvo karanArA Adhunika kavio' mAMthI keTalAnI kRti amara raheze te nizcitapaNe kahI zakAtuM nathI, tyAre saMskRta sAhitya upara prakAza pADavAne emaNe je arthAka prayatna karyo che, saMskRta bhASAne abhyAsa vadhAre ne vadhAre pracAra pAme tene mATe emaNe je khaMta rAkhI che, bakala jevA itihAsakAranI ane smAilsa jevA nibandhakAranI kRtionAM bhASAntara vaDe ane zALA patramAM aneka viSayanI carcA vaDe gurjara sAhityane samRddha karavAne emaNe je prayAsa karyo che, zrI zaMkarAcAryanI uttama kRtine anuvAda karIne vedAnta jevA gahana viSayanA jJAnamAM emaNe je kImatI umere karyo che, tenI asara ekAeka naSTa thaze nahIM e nakkI che. ane nokarIne bhAre bojo chatAM e saghaLuM e zAthI, karI zakyA ? bIjA kazAthI nahIM, paNa satata ughogathI, acaLa khaMtathI ane aDaga pramANikapaNAthIja e saghaLuM thaI zakyuM. ughoga, khaMta ane pramANikapaNuM, e tripuTImAMja emanA jIvananuM parama rahasya che. eka vakhate emanA eka mitra khA, ba. kharasedajI mANekajI konTrAkaTara, (hAlanA karAMcI hAI skUlanA mAstara) emane maLavA gayA hatA te vakhate emane Tebala AgaLaja beThelA joine temaNe kahyuM ke "tame te haMmezA Tebala AgaLa ne Tebala AgaLa kaMIne kaMI udyogamAM rokAyelAja najare paDe che. leTone mATe kahevAya che ke eNe enA abhyAsagraha AgaLa evo lekha mUkyo hato ke "Let no one enter this Academy who has no taste for mathematics" (gaNitane jene zekha na hoya teNe A gRhamAM praveza kare nahIM ) tema tame paNa tamArA khaMDa AgaLa pATiyuM laTakAvI rAkhe ke " Let no oue enter this room who has no taste for work " ( kAmane jene zekha na hoya teNe A khaMDamAM praveza karavo nahIM). emanA 112

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rA. khA. kaMmaLAzaMkara prANaza kara trivedI mitranA A zabdo emanA jIvananuM kharuM rahasya pragaTa kare che, ane e rahasya gheADeghaNe aMze paNa ApaNe ApaNA jIvanamAM utArI zakIe te teTale aMze ApaNe ApaNuM jIvana saphaLa kIdhuM ema vyAjabI rIte kahI zakAya.* noMdha:--sadarahu caritra preA. meAhanalAla pAtIzaMkara davee samAlAcaka mATe lakheluM te tAjetaramAM bahAra paDelA svargasthanA " anubhava vida pustakamAM punaH prakaTa thayuM che, te parathI lIdhuM che. samayanA abhAve emAM svargasthanI nivRtta thayA pachInI pravRttine samAveza karavAnuM banI zakyuM nathI. e hakIkata anya koI prasaMge meLavIne ApIzuM. daramiyAna ahiM eTaluM noMdhavuM joIe ke sana 1914 mAM tee premacaMda rAyacaMda TreniMga kAlejanA prinsipAlanA hAddA parathI nivRtta thayA hatA; ane sarakAre emanA kAnI kadara te prasaMge ene rAvabahAdurane IlkAba bakSIne karI hatI. te pachI sana 1924 mAM te sAtamI gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanA pramukha nimAyA hatA; ane emanuM avasAna te pachI TuMka mudatamAM sana 1925 mAM thayuM hatuM. surate enA suputranuM smAraka racyuM che, e yeAgyaja thayuM che. :: emanI kRti :: - IMglAMDanA TUMkA tihAsa ' 8 kavyA' zAZrabhASya saMskRta prathama pustaka saMskRta 27 cApaDI saMskRta zikSikA--(gujarAtI) ( iMgrejI ) ,, sAhitya maMjarI zikSaNazAstranAM mULatattva . laghu vyAkaraNa madhya vyAkaraNa bRhad vyAkaraNa ' . * Gods of India ' (gujarAtI) " " ' 2 * ' anubhava vinAda ' parathI uddhRta. 113 1887 1895 1907 1896 1911 99 1915 1913 1916 1917 1918 1913 ""

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI, 1913 1920 1921 1930 1933 zaMkarajayaMtI vyAkhyAnamALA" hiMdustAnane saMkSipta itihAsa gujarAtI vAcanamALA kAvya sAhitya mimAMsA anubhava vinoda saMskRta bhadikAvya rekhA gaNita ekAvalI pratApadrIya paDu bhASA candrikA prakriyA kaumudI 1898. 1901-02 1909 1916 114

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vidyamAna

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI amRtalAla mAtIlAla zAha ee gheADAsaranA vatanI; ane nAte dazA zrImALI vaNika che. emane janma dhADAsaramAM saM. 1949nA adhika aSADa vada 8 (tA. 156-1893) nA rAja thayA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma meAtIlAla mUlajIbhAi zAha ane mAtuzrInuM nAma rUkSmaNImhena che. emanuM lagna sa 1962mAM zrI. jeThIbAi sAthe niDayAda tAlukAnA cuNela gAme thayuM hatuM. aMgrejI chaThThA dheAraNa sudhI emaNe abhyAsa karyo che ane hAlamAM tee pAlaNapura rAjyamAM phojadArI nyAya koTa mAM zirastedAranI jagAe che. varase thayAM kavitA lakhavAnA emane zekha che, ane pravAsI, jyAta, rasahIna, hRdayayeAgI, hRdaya jyeAti vagere upanAmathI judA judA gujarAtI ane pArasI mAsikAmAM te kAvyA lakhI meAkale che.TuMka samayamAM emane kavitAsaMgraha prakaTa thanAra che. :: emanI kRti :: 1. gajhalamAM gAthA 116 sana 1925

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indulAla phulacaMda gAMdhI indulAla kulacaMda gAMdhI ee nAte dazA zrImALI vaNika ane meArI tAme makanasara gAmanA vatanI che. emanA janma tA. 8mI navembara sana 1905nA rAja makanasara gAme thayA hatA. pitAnuM nAma phulacaMda bherAja gAMdhI ane mAtAnuM nAma sau. jhabakakhAI che. emanuM lagna sana 1932 mAM vAMkAneramAM zrImatI sUlakSmI sAthe thayuM hatuM. emaNe aMgrejIne pAMca dheAraNa sudhIne abhyAsa karyo che; ane hamaNAM tee karAMcImAM paracuraNa cIjonI dukAna calAve che. kavitA ane TuMkA nATako e emanA abhyAsanA priya viSaye che; ane pote bahuja AzAvAdI che. saMskRti ane enI poSaka sAhitya sarjananI navI laharIeja emanA prANa che. gujarAtI sAhitya rAMka maTI jAya e dahADA jovA pote bhAre utsuka che. bahAranI asara paratve tee lakhe che, khAsa keAnI asara nIce haju avAyuM nathI. sau pahelAM emasa nanA teje jarAka khecyA; pachI kizAralAla mazarUvALAe te chelle dezaLajI paramAre. paNa jIvanane Akhuye addara upADI le eTaluM teja teA hajI koinAmAMthI mane maLyuM nathI." r :: emanI kRtio :: 1. tejarekhA 2. nArAyaNI 3. jIvananAM jaLa 117 sana 1931 ,, 1932 1933 22

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI umAzakara jeThAlAla joSI ee nAte trivedI mevADA brAhmaNa ane IDara sTeTamAM AvelA AmaNAgAmanA vatanI che. emane janma tA. 21mI julAi sana 1911 nA rAja khAmaNAgAmamAM thayeA hateA. emanA pitAnuM nAma jeThAlAla kamaLajI joSI ane mAtAnuM nAma navalabena bhAizakara ThAkara che. ee haju avivAhita che. prAthamika zikSaNa emanA vatanamAM lIdhuM hatuM. tenI AsapAsanA DuMgarALa ramaNIya pradezeAmAM emaNe khUba bhramaNa kareluM che ane e rIte kudarata pAsethI ane tyAMnA pachAta samAjanI jIvanacarcAmAMthI khUba preraNA te pAmyA che. mAdhyamika zikSaNa IDaranI zALAmAM lIdhuM hatuM. sana 1928mAM meTrIkyulezananI parIkSA pasAra karI teo gujarAta kaoNlejamAM dAkhala thayA hatA. meTrIkanI parIkSAmAM amadAvAda vibhAgamAM pahele naMbare ane AkhI parIkSAmAM trIjA naMbare teo AvyA hatA. tenA pariNAme kAlejamAM temane traNa skolarazIpeA maLI hatI. inTara ArTsa pasAra karI khI. e. sudhI tee paheAMcyA hatA paNa satyAgrahanI laData sana 1930mAM jAgatAM teo temAM joDAyA hatA ane tenA aMge be vAra jelayAtrA karI che. khAsa karIne jelinavAsane teo peAtAnI keLavaNInA uttama samaya gaNe che. khageALa, kAvyavivecana, nATakakaLA, bhUgeALa vagere emanA priya viSaye che. gAMdhIjI, vivekAnada, TAlAya vagere emanA jIvananA ghaDataramAM madadagAra thayA che. chellAM be varasathI AcAryazrI kAkA kAlelakaranA amUlya sahevAsa meLavavA e bhAgyazALI thayA che. sana 1931mAM 'vizvazAnti'nAmaka emanuM khaMDakAvya gujarAtI sAhitya AlamamAM prazaMsA pAmyuM hatuM; tema cAlu varSImAM prasthAnamAM prasiddha thayele sApanA bhArA"nAmanA nATakamAM emaNe hindu samAjamAM vidhavAnA duHkhonI karUNa kathanI asarakAraka rIte batAvI che. evAM vAstavikatAnA pAyA para racAyelAM emanAM ekAMkI nATako 'kumAra,' 'kaumudI'mAM pragaTa thatAM rahe che. :: emanI kRti :: vizvazAnti 118 sana 1971

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gaDhulAla gopIlAla dhru gaTulAla geApIlAla dhru ee vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha ( jJAtimAM janmelA ) ane amadAvAdanA vatanI che. emanA janma tA. 10 mI me sana 1881nA rAja amadAvAdamAM thayA hatA. emanA mAtuzrI bALAkhtena te svastha saradAra bheALAnAthabhAinA putrI; ane emanA pitA gepIlAla maNilAla te ghaNA samaya amadAvAdamAM nAjaranA hAddApara hatA ane temaNe te jaga para sArI nAmanA meLavI hatI. emanuM lagna sana 1904mAM amadAvAdamAM zrI. raNacheDarAya ANaMdarAya dIveTIAnI putrI zrImatI zrIdevI sAthe thayuM hatuM. emaNe prAthamika zikSaNa amadAvAdamAM tema keTaloka samaya umareThamAM- emanA pitA te vakhate tyAMnI korTamAM kalAka oNpha dhI koTa hAinelIdhuM hatuM. mAdhyamika zikSaNa mizana skulamAM ane sarakArI hAiskulamAM lIdhuM hatuM. teo sana 1898mAM meTrIkayulezananI parIkSA pAsa karI gujarAta kaoNlejamAM dAkhala thayA hatA. te pachI thADA thADeA samaya teoe vilsana kAleja ane elphInsTana kaeNAlejamAM abhyAsa karyo hateA. te sana 1904mAM leAjIka ane merala philasIne acchika viSaya laine bI. e. thayA hatA. te pachI teo keLavaNI khAtAmAM joDAyA; ane gujarAtanA lagabhaga badhA jIllAnAM zaherAmAM nekarInA aMge teo pharI vaLyA hatA. chevaTanA dasa varSomAM tee Asi. DepyuTI ejayukezanala inspekaTaranI jaMgApara hoIne gAmaDe gAmaDe temane pharavAnuM thatuM. pravAsa karavAnuM emane bahu priya che. jyAM jAya che tyAM tee lokasthiti ane rItabhAtanuM, aitihAsika sthAne vagerenuM rasapUrvaka nirIkSaNa kare che. ee hindustAnanA cAre khUNe pharI vaLelA che ane emane emanA pravAsa viSe vAta karatAM sAMbhaLIe tA mAluma paDe ke paraprAMtanI emanI mAhitI keTalIbadhI jhINI tema bharapura che. dharma, samAjazAstra ane tattvajJAna e emanA priya viSaye che; tema svastha nArAyaNa hemacaMdranAM pustakAe, TAgeAranI 'sAdhanA'e ane Akhale emanA jIvanapara kAyamanI asara karI che. emanA mAtuzrI bALAnhenanA unnata saMskAra emanApara paDelA te uparAMta svastha sara ramaNabhAI, DaoN. menikAla ane bAbu kSitimAhana sena pAsethI ee dhaNuM zikhyA che. 119

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI amadAvAda prArthanA samAjamAM chellA paMdara varSathI teo mukhya kAryakartA che ane gujarAta saMsAra sudhArAnuM taMtra calAvavAmAM teo agresara che. vidhavAo prati temanI sahAnubhUti bahoLI che ane aneka vidhavA bahenane ThekANe pADavAmAM tema temane rAhata ApavAmAM teo puSkaLa zrama le che. strI keLavaNImAM temane ghaNe rasa che ane chellA cAra varSathI teo gujarAta strIkeLavaNI maMDaLanA maMtrI pade che. - rA. sA. mahIpatarAma anAthAzramanA eka maMtrI tarIke emanI sevA visarAya evI nathI. , AvA saMskArI ane suzikSita gRhastha hastaka ApaNI sArvajanika saMsthAone vahivaTa rahe te jarUra thaDA samayamAM sudhArAnA kSetramAM ghaNI pragati jovAmAM Ave. subhAgye teo penzanapara chellA be varSathI rITAyara thayelA che ane teo pitAne saghaLe samaya jAhera kAryomAM vyatIta kare che. teo jema eka sArA vaktA tema lekhaka che. te lekho mukhyatve dharma ane keLavaNI para lakhelA che. :: emanI kRtio : 1. rAjA rAmamohanarAya sana 1905, 2. isu khristanuM jIvana sana 1910 3. prajJA pAramitA sUtram sana 1916, 4. hindu strIonI unnatimAM gALelAM mahArAM vIsa varSa ( zrI. kanA lekhanuM bhASAntara) sana 1931 5. brAhmadharma sana 1931 120.

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gokaLadAsa kuberadAsa mahetA gokaLadAsa kuberadAsa mahetA e jJAte vIzA khaDAyatA vaNika ane umareThanA vatanI che. emane janma e ja gAmamAM sana 1892mAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma kuberadAsa harivallabhadAsa ane mAtAnuM nAma bAI jekera, metIcaMda che. emanuM lagna sana 1913mAM zrImatI DAhIlakSmI bahena sAthe thayuM hatuM. . emaNe sana 1916mAM premacaMda rAyacaMda TreniMga kolejamAMthI sInIcara varganI parIkSA pAsa karI hatI ane IgrejInuM zikSaNa sana 1908thI 1911 sudhI amadAvAdanI neTIva hAiskulamAM lIdhuM hatuM. hamaNAM teo amadAvAda myunisipala zALAmAM zikSaka che. hoMziyArI, mAyALu svabhAva temaja satata udyogathI zikSakavargamAM bahu priya thaI paDayA che ane vaLI zikSaka maMDaLInA teo sekreTarI nimAyelA che. taduparAMta jJAtikAryamAM ulaTabhara AgaLa paDato bhAga le che. khaDAyatA keLavaNumaMDaLanA temaja kamaLAlakSmI khaDAyatA strI udyogazALAnA maMtrI tarIke kArya kare che; ane amadAvAdanI atilakSmI lAyabrerIne chellAM 15 varSathI vahIvaTa kare che. emaNe nhAnapaNamAM mAbApanuM sukha gumAvyuM hatuM paNa agIAra varSe vidhavA banelI bahena chavakere emane sana 1906mAM amadAvAdamAM ANa yogya zikSaNa mATe vyavasthA karI hatI; ane emanA pratApe teo AjanI sthitie pahoMcyA che. jJAtikAryamAM ane jAhera sevAkAryamAM guMthAyelA rahe che tenI sAthe teo lekhanakArya paNa kare che. temanAM pustake mukhyatve zALApagI che, je emanI zikSaka tarIkenI lAyakAtane sarasa khyAla Ape che. gaye varSe emaNe javAhiralAla naherUnuM caritra bahAra pADayuM hatuM, ane te prazaMsA pAmyuM hatuM. :: emanI kRtio :: 1. vArtAne saMgraha 2. rASTrIya kIrtana sana 1919 1921 121

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI 1922 , , 3. amadAvAda zaheranI bhUgoLa 4. gujarAta prAMta 5. bAlagIta 6. bAlikAgIta 7. muMbAI ilAke 8. saMvAda saMcaya 9. paMDita javAharalAla 1927 1931 12

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rA. bA. caMdravidyAnaMda zrIkRSNAnaMda paMDayA, bI. e. rA. bA. caMdravidyAnaMda zrIkRNunaMda paMDayA, bI. e. eo jJAte vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa, suratanA vatanI ane emano janma suratamAM sana 1867mAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma zrI kRSNanaMda ane mAtAnuM nAma a.sau. vijyAgaurI hatuM. emanuM lagna paMdaramAM varSe saddagata a.sau. prasannavidyAgaurI sAthe thayuM hatuM. prAthamika ane mAdhyamika keLavaNI suratamAM lIdhI hatI ane koleja abhyAsa sAmaLadAsa koleja-bhAvanagaramAM karyo hato. - teo muMbaImAM sekreTariyaTamAM sInIyara esisTanTa sekreTarInA eke caDhayA hatA; sane 1918mAM emane sarakAra taraphathI rAvabahAdurane khetAba ApavAmAM Avyo hato. sana 1922mAM nivRtta thaI hAla suratamAM vAnaprastha jIvana gALe che ane dhArmika pravRttimAM vizeSa rasa le che. :: emanI kRtio : 1. travedIya saMskArika sana 1925 2. paMcAkSara muktAvalI 3. paramezvaranuM mahatva 4. vaDanagarA nAgara garabAvaLI 1931 1932

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI caMdulAla jeThAlAla vyAsa eo jJAte audicya sahastra brAhmaNa, mULa viramagAmanA vatanI paNa hAlamAM vaDhavANamAM vase che. emanA pitAnuM nAma jeThAlAla purUSottama ane mAtAnuM nAma bAI nAthIbAI-te rAvaLa harajIvananI dikarI-che. emanuM lagna saM. 1958nA mahA vada pAMcamanA roja dhrAMgadhrAmAM sau. lalitA sAthe thayuM hatuM. emaNe gujarAtI sAta gheraNane abhyAsa goMDalanI tAlukA skUlamAM karyo hato; ane IMgrejIne abhyAsa geDala tathA vIramagAmamAM karyo hato. eo " bahurUpI" ane " birAdara' nA taMtrI ane mAlika che. romAMcaka ane DiTekaTIva lakhANa tathA vAcana khAsa emane priya viSaya che. sane 1914mAM emaNe "nijhAmazAhIne vajhIra' e nAmanuM bheTanuM pustaka "prajAbaMdhu" patrane lakhI ApyuM hatuM. e emanuM lakheluM prathama pustaka hatuM. :: emanI kRtio :: 1. nijhAmazAhIne vaphAdAra vajhIra sana 1914 2. camatkArika guphA, bhA. 1-2 , 1918 3. paMcAsarano jyazikharI, bhA. 1-2 , 1919-20 4. abhuta lUTAre , 1920 5. vera vasUla, bhA. 1-2-3-4 ,, 1920-21 6. camatkArika khUna 1922 7. AgrAne khajAne 8. zeraloka homsanAM sAhasa kAryo 9. bhayaMkara bheda 10. kuTumbInuM kArasthAna, bhA. 1-2 11. bhUlane bhega 12. sonerI ToLI 13. cAlIsa caherAne mANasa 18. vipattinuM vAdaLa 1924 124

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cadulAla jeThAlAla vyAsa 15. zrImata saMhAraka maMDaLa 16. ThagAI nA bhAga + 17, vilAsamAM vinAza 18. prANa ke pratiSTA 19. jAgIradAra ke jallAda? 20. seAraThanA mutsaddI vIr + 21. adbhuta DiTekaTIva sana 1924 1928 1929 125 "" ,, ,, "" "" "" 22 "" ,, 1931 * maulika che; ane bIna' tamAma agrejI temaja marAThI paranAM anuvAda che. . + ' prajAbaMdhu' nI bheTa.

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pracakAra caritrAvalI rA. sA. janubhAi acaratalAla saiyada ee amadAvAdanA vatanI ane nAte vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha che. emane janma amadAvAdamAM tA. 4thI jAnyuArI sana 1878nA rAja thayA hatA. emanA pitAzrI acaratalAla jIvaNalAla saiyada lAMbA samaya sudhI amadAvAdanI hAiskulamAM zikSaka hatA ane emanA hAtha nIce zikSaNa pAmelA seMkaDA vidyArthIo adyApi emane premathI yAda kare che. emanA mAtuzrInuM nAma sau. traMbakabA hatuM. emanuM lagna sana 1892 mAM sau. vIramatImhena mANekalAla sAthe thayuM hatuM. prAthamika ane mAdhyamika abhyAsa emaNe amadAvAdamAM karyAM hatA. sana 1902mAM teo aMgrejI tathA saMskRta aicchika viSaya laine khI. e. thayA hatA ane pitAnA pagale anusarI tee keLavaNI khAtAmAM joDAyA hatA. cAlu varSoMmAM teo kheDA jIllAnA DepyuTI ejyukezanala inspekTaranA hoddA parathI nivRtta thayA che. emanI bAheAzI ane heziyArI mATe eTaluM kahevuM khasa thaze ke riTAyara thatAM Agamaca sarakAre emane rAvasAhebanA IlkAba bakSIne emanI nAkarInI kadara karI hatI. evI rIte kheDA jIllAnI prajAe paNa jude jude ThekANe emanA mAnamAM meLAvaDe karI, emanA pratinuM mAna ane cAha darzAvyAM hatAM. sAhitya pariSada maMDaLa taraphathI taiyAra thayelAM kramika pAThaya pustakamALAnA pahelA e bhAga zrIyuta prANalAla desAi sAthe emaNe taiyAra karyA che. keTalAka samaya tee gujarAta sAhitya sabhAnA upa-pramukha ane sabhA mATe 'dalapatasAra' e nAmanuM pustaka taiyAra karI ApyuM hatuM. vaLI premacaMda rAyacaMda TreniMga kAlejanA vAisa-prinsipAla tathA prinsipala tarIke paNa emane gujarAtI graMthA jovA tapAsavAnuM puSkaLa kAma karavuM paDatuM. keLavaNI khAtA taraphanAM thoDAMka pustakonAM bhASAMtara paNa karyA che, ane gujarAta zALApatranA upataMtrI tathA taMtrI tarIke lekhA lakhelA che. ame IcchIe chIe ke ee emane nivRtti kALa sAhitya pravRttimAM gALI, prajAne emanA paripakva jJAna ane vidvatAne lAbha Apaze. 1. kramika pAThayapustaka bhAga 1 2 2. 12 :: emanI kRtio : : ,, 99 126 lakhyA sAla prakAzana. sana 1928 1931 ,,,, ,,

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tribhuvanadAsa puruSAttamAsa luhAra (sundarama ) tribhuvanadAsa puruSAttamadAsa luhAra (sundarama ) e jJAtie luhAra ane bharUca jIllAmAM AvelA miyAM mAtara gAmanA vatanI che. emanA janma sana 1908 mAM miyAM mAtaramAM thaye hatA. emanA pitAzrInuM nAma puruSottamadAsa kezavalAla luhAra ane mAtuzrInu nAma ujamabDena che. emanuM lagna naveka varSe emanA janmasthAnamAM zrImatI maMgalAmhena sAthe thayuM hatuM. prAthamika zikSaNa miyAM mAtaranI leAkala khenI skUlamAM ane mAdhyamika AmeAda ane bharUcamAM rASTrIya zALAomAM lIdhuM hatuM. tee gujarAta vidyApIThanA snAtaka che; ane bhASA vizAradanI padavI prApta karI che. * sAbaramatI' mAM uttama lekha lakhavA mATe emane tArAgaurI caMdraka maLyA hatA; temaja gujarAtI viSayamAM sauthI vadhu guNa meLavavA badala akhIla bhArata vidyArthI pariSadanuM InAma prApta thayuM hatuM. kavitA emane priya viSaya che. mahAtmAjIe emanA jIvanapara prabaLa asara karI che; ane leAkazikSaNa e emaneA vyavasAya che. navA kaviemAM emanI kavitA AdarapAtra jaNAya che; ane najadikamAM emane kavitA saMgraha bahAra paDatAM, janatA emanI kavitAnI vadhu kadara karaze evI amane khAtrI che. 127

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI durlabhajI tribhuvanadAsa jhaverI ee dazAzrImALI jaina jAtinA che. mULa vatanI meArInA che. janma saMvat 1934 caitra vada 13ne che. meTrIka sudhInA abhyAsa karI vyApAramAM joDAyA. paccIsa varSa thayAM jaipuramAM jhaverAtanI peDhI che. zikSaNa sAthe sAthe sAhitya prema paNa pAdhyA karyAM, pariNAme ghaNI sabhAenA sekreTarI thayA. pa'dara varSanI vayathIja judA judA mAsikAmAM zrI jhaverI-meArI'* saMjJAthI lekheA lakhavA zarU karelA. mArakhI khAte bharAyelI kAThIyAvADa polITIkala kAnpharansanA tee maMtrI hatA. e samayanA mukhya mAsike A dhaprakAza' vigeremAM lekhA AvyA karatA. buddhiprakAzamAM paNa emanA lekhA chapAyA che. muMbaI samAcAranA navA varSanA aMkAmAM emanA lekhA khAsa hoyaja. sayAjI vijaya' vigere sAptAhikAmAM emanAM 'madhanuM eka biMdu" vigere lekhAe sArUM ANu kareluM. emanA lAMbA lekhA judA pustakArUpe paNa prasiddha thatAM; jemAM 'arvAcIna AryAM,' 'subhadrA' vigere sAptAhikanI vArSika bheTa tarIke paNa apAyelAM che. hamaNAM hamaNAM tee jaina prakAza'mAM khAsa lakhatA rahe che. paccIsa varSa pahelAM sthA. jaina keAnphransane janma ApI merakhImAM prathama Adhavezana bharyuM ne mukhya maMtrI tarIke kAma karyuM. Aja sudhI tee zrI saMdhasevaka tarIke pUrNa utsAhapUrNAMka kA karI rahela che. tA. 22mI eprila 1933nA roja ajameramAM maLelI jaineAnI mATI kAnpharansanA paNa teeja mukhya maMtrI hatA; ane hajAra-paMdaraso varSamAM na thayela evuM sAdhu saMmelana paNa meLavyuM, jemAM jaina sAdhue page cAlIne kaccha ane kAzmIra jeTale dUrathI AvyA hatA. 60000 jainee sabhAmAM hAjarI ApI hatI. sthA. jaina samAje " jaina dhama vIra"nI mAnavaMtI padavI sAthe hIrAvALA 'navaratna'nA cAMda arpaNa karI emanA zramanI kadara karI che. haju paNa e sevA cAlu che. byAvara jaina gurUkulanA tee kulapati che. 66 66 preAphesara ravajI devarAja sAthe maLI zrI AcArAMgajI sUtra ane zrI uttarAdhyayanajI sUtranAM gujarAtI bhASAMtarA jaina skolasa"ne nAme sahakAra ApI prasiddha karyA che. temAM purepurA parizrama uThAvI e sUtreAnI chuTanoTA emaNeja lakhI che. emanI kRti. 1. pujyazrI zrIlAlajI. 128 saMvata 1980

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dhIrajalAla TokarazI zAha dhIrajalAla TokarazI zAha ee nAte vIzA zrImALI jaina; ane kAThiyAvADamAM AvelA mULa rAjyanA gAma dANAvADAnA vatanI che. emaneA janma e ja gAmamAM sa 1962nA phAgaNa suda AThamanA divase thayA hatA. emanA pitAnuM pUrUM nAma TAkarazI trikamadAsa zAha ane mAtAnuM nAma maNimhena jecaMda che. emanuM lagna sa. 1986nA kArataka vada dasamanA rAja eTAda pAse TATama gAme zrImatI caMpAnhena sAthe thayuM hatuM. emaNe gujarAta vidyApIThanA vinIta varganI parIkSA sudhI abhyAsa karyo che. citrakaLAmAM sArI pravINatA prApta karelI che. gariba sthitimAM ucharelA; ane amadAvAdamAM zeTha camanalAla nagInadAsa chAtrAlayamAM rahIne abhyAsa karelA. prathama be varSa citrakAmanA dhaMdhA karI eja saMsthAmAM zikSaka tarIke joDAyA ane saM. 1986 sudhI cAra va` emaNe eka saphaLa zikSaka tarIke kArya karyuM hatuM. hamaNAM teo jyati kAryAlaya nAmanI saMsthA calAve che,jenA taraphathI jaina caiAti" nAmanuM mAsika calAve che temaja citrA kADhavAnuM kAma kare che. pravAsanA emane bhAre zAkha che. trIje varSe ajaTA viSe paga raste musApharI karelI tenuM sacitra varNana pustakarUpe bahAra pADayuM hatuM; temaja emanA taraphathI pravAsanAM khIjAM e pustako prasiddha thayalAM che, te musApharane madadagAra ane upayogI che.gayA varSe temaNe brahmadeza ane zAna sTeTanA pravAsa karyo hateA tathA cInanI sarahada paranA atyaMta vikaTa pradezamAM paga raste musApharI karI hatI. e bhAgamAM pravAsa karanAra te pahelAja gujarAtI che. te sivAya jaina dharma ane sAhitya ane itihAsanA bALakAne ricaya karAvavA emaNe khALagraMthAvaLI yejI che, jenA pAMca varSanA 100 aMkA dara varSe vIsa pramANe chapAyalAM che; ane te khUba vakhaNAI tene mATe upADa thayA che. :: emanI kRtio :: 1. jIvavicAra pravezikA 2. jaLamaMdira pAvApurI 3. kudarata ane kaLAdhAmamAM vIsa divasa 129 sa. 1984 sa. 1987 sa. 1987

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4. ajantAnA yAtrI 5. kaLAvatI 6. satI subhadrA cha. RSidattA 8. ratisuMdarI 9. acalarAja Apyu 10. pAvAgaDhanA pravAsa graMthakAra caritrAvalI sa. 1987 ,, 1987 22 22 "" "" bALagraMzAvaLImAM ghaNI maulika ne aitihAsika kRtio che. 130 22 22 .. 37

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dhIrasiMha vherAbhAI gAhila dhIsiMha vherAbhAI gAhila eka jAtanA rAjaputa ane seAnagaDha thANA tAbe AlampuranA vatanI che. emane janma tA. 20-11-1884 saMvat 1941nA mAgasara suda 3 ne gurUvAre AsapuramAM thayeA hateA. emanA pitAnuM nAma vherAbhAI amAbhAI ane mAtAnuM nAma magajIbA jIvAbhAI che. ee paraNyA nathI. ghaDI zALAmAM zikSaNa levuM zarU kareluM; paNa te taddana aniyamita ne DhaMgadhaDA vagaranuM; kemake gAmamAM nizALa nahi ane doDha gAupara eka nizALa hatI tyAM javuM paDatuM. theADA vakhata bAda te paNa baMdha thavAthI abhyAsa baMdha paDelA. pachI eka sAdhu pAse tulasIkRta rAmAyaNa bhaNavA mAMDeluM. A sthitimAM lakhavAnuM te AvaDe kyAMthI; mAMDa sahI karI zake. e saMbaMdhamAM teo jaNAve che: 66 ' sane 1901 nI sAlamAM huM sarakArI kAme seAnagaDha thANAmAM gaye hatA. tyAM mAre sahI karavAne prasaMga prApta thatAM, harajIvana nAmanA kArakune me je meTA bhamaraDA jevA akSaramAM kharAba svarUpamAM je sahI karI tethI teNe meNuM mAryuM ke garAsIAne sahI karatAMe na AvaDe.' bhaNelA che ema zuM kAma kahevaDAvatA haze ? AthI na bhaNelA sArA ! A prasaMga mane lAgI AvyA. tyArabAda meM sArUM lakhatA zIkhavA mATe mArA gharamAM je dastAvejo ane sarakAramAM karelI arajIonI nakaleA hatI temanI menakala karavAnuM zarU karyuM. Ama je hAthamAM AvyuM te lakhyAja karyuM. pariNAme lakhavApara kAbu meLavyA." tee 'kSatriya mitra' nAmanuM mAsika eDiTa kare che ane gehilavADa rAjaputa samAjanA upamatrI che. leka sAhitya ane cAraNI sAhitya emanA priya viSayA che. emaNe lakhelAM graMthAnI yAdI nIce ApI che; paraMtu emanA lekhana vAcana ane abhyAsa viSe je vizeSa hakIkata lakhI mAkalI che te jANavA jevI che. "abhyAsanuM sAdhana hatuM nahi. sAta varSanI ummare Alampura sarakArI zALamAM abhyAsa mATe praveza karyo; paraMtu dasa ekaDA pUrA na karyAM tevAmAM skula uDI gaI. kheADI pIMparaDInA eka brAhmaNane kheAlAvI dhUDI nizALa ma`DAvI. A sleTa pena nahAtAM. pATI upara dhULa nAMkhI vataraNAthI bhaNavAnuM hatuM. cha mahinA bAda bhaNavAnuM baMdha thayuM. paDayAjI cAlyA gayA. 131

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI bIjA brAhmaNa pAse dhUDI nizALa maMDAvI; paNa kakko bArAkhaDI sudhI cAlyuM. bAra varSanI ummare AlamapurathI doDha gAu dUra dareDa sarakArI zALAmAM dAkhala thayeA. dareDamAM mAstara girijAzaMkara karUNAzaMkara bhaTTa pucche gAmavALA hatA. hAlamAM te pAlItANAmAM anAthAzramanA suprinTenDanTa che. e varase gujarAtI pahelI cepaDI pUrI karI bhaNavA javAnuM baMdha karyuM; kAraNa doDha gAu javA ane doDha gAu AvavA mATe sAtha nahAtA. meAhanalAla nAmanA polisa paTela pAse khAnagI abhyAsa karyAM; ane sALa AMka, saravALA, bAdabAkI ane sAdhAraNa bhAgAkAra AvaDayA. sAthe sAthe khAnagI vAcana vadhAravA mAMDayuM." 66 vAMcananA zAkha kema thayA tenI hakIkata tee nIce pramANe lakhe cheH sana 1907mAM vrajalAla nAmanA japtIdAra mArA gAme AvelA; temaNe 'kAThIAvADa samAcAra' nAmanuM amadAvAdathI nIkaLatuM aThavADika putra ekatra thayalAbhAI ene vAMcI saMbhaLAvavA ApeluM. te huM vAMcI zakyA nahi ane zarmane laine AMkhamAM AMsu bharAi AvyAM. A pachI je kAMi chApeluM sAhitya mArA jovAmAM Ave te vAMcavA mAMDayuM ane Ama karatAM karatAM vAMcana zAkha khIlavyo." AvA puruSa eka lekhaka tarIke AgaLa paDe e paNa eka navAI pamADanArUM che; tenuM kAraNa teo A pramANe Ape che: 66 vinAdamAM vAte thatAM, 'saMvat 1966nI sAlamAM huM vAgadharA gAme kAmadAra thayeA hatA. khAvA pIvAnA sAthe mane mAsika rU. 5-0-0 pAMca pagAra maLatA hatA. tyAM eka vakhata mArA e mitrA sAthe beThA hatA. eka kahe mAre jIMdagI sudhI vepAraja karavA che.' khIjo kahe 'mAre khetI karavI che.' jyAre meM vinedamAM melI nAMkhyuM ke mAre lekhaka thavuM che.' vakhata jatAM A sau mitrA mArI ThekaDI karavA lAgyA. tethI mane lAgyuM ke have lekhaka thayeja chUTako che.' AthI meM prathama lekhaka tarIke 'kArTiyAvADa samAcAra' mAM 'garAsIAnA rItiravAjo ane tethI hAninuM digdarzana' nAme saMvat 1967 mAM lekha lakhyA. Ama uttarAttara lakhavuM zarU karyuM. " :: emanI kRtio :: 1. jesala ane tArala (be AvRtta) 2. satI ujaLI ane meha jeTavA (traNa AvRtti) 132 saMvat 1975 29 29

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dhIrasiMha herAbhAI gohila ka 1976 1977 3. kapurI ane kArAyela 4. suNu ane meyAra 5. nAgamati 6. gohilavIra hamIrajI 7. rA' mAMDalika (be AvRtti) 8. rA' navaghaNa 9. kAThIAvADanI daMtakathAo 10. kAThIAvADanI premakathAo 1979 1983 1985 1988 133

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI -naTavaralAla mULacaMda vImAvALA janma I. sa. 1900nA sapTebaranI trIzamI tArIkha. tithi Aza suda chaTha. AkhuM nAma naTavaralAla mULacaMda ghelAbhAI vImAvALA. mAtAnuM AkhuM nAma vijyAlakSamI te tribhovanadAsa IcchArAmanI putrI. jJAti (sva. che. sU0 deva vALI) suratI taLapadA dazA zrImALI vaNika. mULa vatana surata, janma surata. kuTuMbanI asala aTaka mahetA. eka veLA naTavaralAla zaMbhunuM nAma suratamAM prakhyAta hatuM. pitAnA vImAnA vyavasAya parathI vImAvALA aTaka zarU thaIne cAlI. pitarAIomAM haju mahetA aTakaja cAle che jemAM candravadana mahetA (IlA kAvyanA lekhaka) nuM nAma suparicita che. kuTuMbane dAdAne narmada sAthe sAro saMbaMdha hatA. narmade svahaste nAmavALI pitAnI copaDIo bheTa ApelI. narmadane Arthika sahAya paNa dAdAe sArA pramANamAM karelI. eTale sAhitya zokha kuTuMbamAM vaMzagata dekhAya che. pitA mULacaMda ghelAbhAIe gujarAtI bhajano ne gIto lakhelAM-IgrejI padya paNa ajamAveluM. nAnapaNathI vAMcavAno zokha bahu; svapnAM sAhityanAMja. daza bAra varasanI uMmareja jIvana sAhityanI dizAmAM vahetuM mUkavAnI spaSTa vAta geThiyAo sAthe karelI. lekhana ane prakAzana paNa eja uMmarathI-bAratera varasanI uMmarathI zarU thayeluM, suMdarI subodhamAM nAnAM lekho, kAvya, "gujarAtI" mAM carcApatro, vArtA vAridhimAM vArtAo lakhelAM. mAdhyamika zALA jIvanamAM e pravRtti khUba cAlelI. zALAnI kArakIrdi taddana prathama paMktinI. pahelo ja naMbara. lagabhaga haMmeza olarazIpa-InAmo maLelAM. prIvIyasamAM pharsTa kalAsa pharsTa. vilsana keleja, surata koleja, pharagyusana koleja ane pachI junIara bI. e. mAMthI asahakAra karyo, te bAda gujarAta mahAvidyAlaya; ema cAra saMsthAomAM koleja jIvana vItyuM. 1922nA jAnevArImAM bAraDolImAM satyAgraha thavAne hato temAM joDAvA gu. mahAvidyAlaya paNa choDayuM; ane vidyApIThanI snAtaka padavI mAtra be mahinA pachIja laI zakAya ema hatuM te jatI karI. bAraDolI satyAgraha caurI caurAne lIdhe aTaka eTale pachI sAhitya pravRttimAM pUrepUruM jhaMpalAvyuM. paheluM graMtha prakAzana zirahIna zaba nAmanI DITeTIva navalakathA hari 134

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naTavaralAla mULacaMda vImAvALA nArAyaNa ApaTenA marAThI parathI, e bhAee bhegI lakhelI 1915 nI sAlamAM aDadhI (pahelA bhAga) pragaTa thayelI. e vastu pharI pAchI ghaNuM varase egama ke khalA ? nAmathI niDayAda khANAvaLI kAryAlayavALA rA0 0 aMbAdAsa bAbarabhAI e pragaTa karI hatI. baMne bhAIoe 1921nI sAlathI (1-8-21) sevA dRSTie gAMDIva sAhitya maMdira cAlu karyuM. pahelAM gAMdhIjInA pustakA prakaTa karyo (te veLA navajIvane pustaka vibhAga khAlyA na hatA). 1922 mAM sAthe presa paNa joDayuM. 1923nI sAlathI pepara paNa kADhayuM. kevaLa nirdoSa vinAda sAhityanuM e patra "tApa" pAchaLathI gAMDIvamAM pariNamyuM. Aje "strIzakti" sAthe joDAI ne e patra sUkSmarUpe jIve che. gAMDIva sAhitya maMdiranI sAhitya pravRttie suprasiddha che. tenuM sAhitya vibhAganuM tamAma sUtrasaMcAlana naTavaralAlanA hAthamAM che. vyavasthA vibhAga IzvaralAla saMbhALe che. baMne chUTA chUTA apUrNa che. e maLIne eka ekama khane che.gAMDIva bAlasAhityanA puSpo mukhyatve naTavaralAlanA lakhelAM che. e sivAya khIjA puSpA baMgALI marAThI parathI anuvAda paNa karelA che. jIvana para zarUmAM paDhiyAranAM te raskinanAM pustaka Unto this last thI ghaNI asara thaI. pachI gAMdhIyugamAM gAMdhIjInI ane gAMdhI sAhityanI khUba asara thai. Ajeya e asara cAlu che paNa temAM khIjA pravAhA bhaLelA che. lagna I. sa. 1925 mAM svapasaMdagIthI thayuM ku. haravadana maganalAla kApaDIyA sAthe. prathama vivAha suratanA dAktara maganalAla mhetAnI putrI UrmilA sAthe thayeleA paNa te I. sa. 1923mAM pote thaine jJAtinA rivAja virUddha tADI nAMkhyA. te mATe jJAtie karelI sajA bhogavI. jJAtimAM vivAha vezavAla paNa naja tUTe evuM baMdhana sakhta hatuM. te A pahelA kissA pachI dhaNuM zithila thaI gayuM che. patnInuM vatana surataja che. dareka viSaya vAMcavAne zAkha che. amukaja viSaya nahi. eTale Jack of all and master of none jevI sthiti che. patrakAritvane vyavasAya ne jAherajIvana e sthiti sudharavAmAM aMtarAyarUpaja bane. sAhitya pariSade zrIramaNu kAMTAvALA smAraka khAlasAhitya mATe 1929mAM e traNa khAlasAhitya saMsthA pAse yeAjanA mAMgI. gAMDIvanI ceAjanA pasaMda karI ane te dvArA madhapUDA " prakaTa thayuM. piraSade te prakAzana mATe rU. 125 gAMDIvane ApyA. "C 135

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI :: emanI kRtio :: . anuvAda zirahIna zaba (marAThI parathI) ha. nA. ApaTe. sana 1915 senerI zIra (baMgAlI parathI) rakhAladAsa baMdopAdhyAya ,, 1919 baba yuganuM baMgALA (baMgAlI parathI) bArindra ghoSa ,, 1923 hAya AsAma (baMgAlI parathI) bArindra gheSa , 1923 kalakattAne kArAyuga (baMgAlI parathI) hemantakumAra sarakAra , 1923 paMjAbanuM pracaMDa kAvataruM (baMgALI parathI) zacIndranAtha sAnyAla 1924 (be bhAga sAthe ) 1928 baMgALAne baLa (baMgALI parathI) bhUpendranAtha datta , 1928 ghaDAcAra (IgrejI parathI) Bernard Shaw ,, 1931 (Showing upto of Blanco Posnet) saMpAdita rASTriya garabAvalI 1924 bAlasAhitya bakula- mUrakha rAja-nIlama-bhIma-jaya bajaraMga-baraphI purI -phAnI TipuDe-kacuMbara-dhUpasaLI (vallabhadAsa akkaDa sAthe)-motInA. dANA-eka hato kUtarA-navanIta-meghadhanuSa-miyAuM-hAthI dhamadhama cAle-bAlaDAyarI (akkaDa sAthe)-paganI caturAI-gadheDAnuM rAja ramakaDAnI dukAna-jAduI jamarUkha-makane mastAno-baMgALI bIrabala- bhUlabhUlAmaNI-sAvAkAnI ApavIti-khoTI khoTI vAte--sipAI dAdA. -madhapUDo (saMpAdana)-sabarasa-kIrtistaMbha-rika Tiki-sAraMgI vALe-kharekharI vAte-razIdanI peTI-pustakAlaya-prANa purANa bhA-1-2 -lADakA -purasada- sAhitya (balidAna), (kurabAnInI kahANIo ), bhavATavI--( abaLAonI AtmakathAo) 136

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nhAnAlAla camanalAla mahetA, AI. sI. esa. hAnAlAla camanalAla mahetA, AI. sI. esa. eo jJAte dazA piravADa vaNika, amadAvAdanA rahIza; ane emane janma gIramathAmAM sana 1892mAM thayuM hatuM. emanA pitAnuM nAma camanalAla choTAlAla ane mAtuzrInuM nAma zrImatI matI che. emanuM lagna zrImatI zAntAbahena sAthe thayuM hatuM. eo kembrIja yunivarsiTInA grejyueTa che; bArisTara thayelA che; tema AI. sI. esa. nI parIkSA pAsa karI hatI. hAlamAM teo phattehapura saMyukta prAMtamAM-kalekaTaranA eddhApara che. teo abhyAsa karatA tyArathI kavitA ane gadyalekha "vasanta" vagere mAsikamAM lakhI mokalatA. citrakaLA emane khAsa priya viSaya che; ane e viSaya para emaNe be svataMtra graMtha Studies in Indian Painting and Gujarati Painting in the 18th Century lakhyA che, je e viSaya para pramANabhUta lekhAya che ane vidvarga taraphathI tenI prazaMsA thayelI che. najadikamAM "bhAratIya citrakalA" e nAmanuM pustaka hiMdImAM bahAra paDanAra che. gujarAtamAM citrakaLAne zokha utpanna karavA teo khAsa kALajI le che ane gujarAtI citrakaLAne uttejana ApavA banate prayatna kare che. | gujarAtI sivilIyamAM emanI kIrti bahoLI prasarelI che; ane eka niSNAta hindI kaLAnA abhyAsI ane vivecaka tarIke emanI gaNanA thAya che. :: emanI kRtio : 1. Studies in Indian Painting 1928 2. Gujarati Painting in the 15th Century 1932 3. bhAratIya citrakalA (hiMdI) 1933 137

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI prItamarAya vRjarAya desAI eo jJAte brahmakSatriya ane amadAvAdanA vatanI che; paNa janma sANaMdamAM tA. 2jI jAnyuArI 1891nA roja thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma vRjarAya khuzAlarAya desAI ane mAtAnuM nAma subhadrAbahena hatuM. emanuM lagna traNa vAra thayuM che. chelle sana 1921mAM sI. nirmaLAbahena sAthe thayuM hatuM. prAthamika keLavaNI surata ane amadAvAdamAM lIdhI hatI. mAdhyamika ane uMcuM zikSaNa amadAvAdamAM nyu igliza skula ane gujarAta kaoNlejamAM lIdheluM. kaeNleja abhyAsa daramiyAna dI. bA. aMbAlAla sAkaralAla olarazIpa temane maLI hatI. hamaNAM teo premacaMda rAyacaMda TreniMga kaeNlejamAM zikSaka che. emanA bhAI Do. hariprasAdanI emanA para ghaNI asara thayelI ane temanI preraNathI sAhityavAcana ane lekhana prati e derAyelA. sana 1920thI 1925 sudhI teo gujarAta sAhitya sabhAnA maMtrI hatA. zALAyogI cha pustako emaNe Aja sudhImAM lakhyAM che; paNa emanuM mahatvanuM ane prasiddha kArya amadAvAdamAM hAusiMga sosAITInI sthApanAnuM che. prathama maMDaLI emaNe kADhelI ane emanuM anukaraNa karIne tema emanA protsAhanathI tyAra pachI lagabhaga trIseka hAusiMga sosAITIo nikaLI che tenuM mAna temane ghaTe che; ane e vyavasAyane laine emanA sAhitya vAcana ane lekhana kAryamAM eo jhAjhe samaya ApI zakatA nathI. temanA nAma uparathI brahmakSatriya hAusiMga sosAyaTI taraphano bhAga prItamanagara kahevAya che. :: emanI kRtio : 1. sAhitya vAcanamALA, bhA-1 sana 1924 bhA-2 3. muMbAI IlAko 1926 4. hindustAna 1928 pa. Arogya vijJAna pravezapathI 1932 6. gRhavijJAna pravezapothI 138

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bhIkhAbhAI puruSAttama vyAsa bhIkhAbhAi puruSAttama vyAsa e nAte audicya TALakIA brAhmaNa ane godharAnA vatanI che. emanA janma godharAmAM sana 1899mAM thaye hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma puruSottama bhavAnIzaMkara vyAsa ane mAtAnuM nAma kAzI mhena. banne temane khAlavayamAM mUkI devalAka pAmyAM hatAM. emanuM lagna godharAmAM sana 1917 mAM kAntAgaurI sAthe thayuM hatuM. emaNe pre. rA. TreniMga phaeNlejanI khIjA varSanI parIkSA sana 1918mAM pAsa karI hatI. te pachI tee zikSaka lAinamAM joDAyA hatA. keTalAka samaya emaNe gAdharAthI " paMcamahAla revAkAMTA vata mAna nAmanuM aThavADika patra kADhayuM hatuM; paNa purata Azraya nahi maLavAthI te sAta varasa calAvyA bAda baMdha karavuM paDayuM hatuM. sarakArI nAkarImAMthI sane 1920mAM chUTayA bAda emaNe bALakA mATe eka trimAsika patra kADhyuM hatuM. zarUAtamAM e trimAsika hatuM ane chellA cha varSathI te mAsika rUpe nikaLe che. paramahaMsa zrI rAmakRSNa ane svAmI rAmatInAM lakhANanI emanA jIvanapara uMDI asara thayelI che. "" godharAmAM rahI jAhera vanamAM khUba rasa letA AvyA che. sane 1923 thI zrI rAmakRSNa sevA samiti ane zrI paMcamahAla revAkAMA sAhitya sabhA sthApI janatAne upayegI kAme ane sAhityanI abhirUci utpana karavAnuM kAma karyuM che. chellAM cha varasathI godharA myunIsIpAlITImAM leAka taraphathI cUMTAine AgaLa paDatA bhAga le che; temaja skulakhenA paNa sabhya hAI keLavaNI mATe yAgya rasa lei rahyA che. khAlasAhitya e emanA priya viSaya che; ane mAlakA mATe emaNe nIce pramANe pustakA lakhIne chapAvyAM cheH :: emanI kRtio:: 1. sItA --pUrvAdha sItA--uttarAM 2. 3. guMjAnA vara ( nATaka ) 4. bhayaMkara bhujaMga (navalakathA) re sana 1925 1920 1925 1925 "" ""

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI maganalAla gaNapatirAma zAstrI ee jJAtie audicya ToLaka brAhmaNa hada AzvalAyana zAkhA kAzyapa gotranA che. emanuM mULa vatana kheDA ane pachIthI umareTha; paNa kheDA jIllAmAMthI emanA pUrvajo doDha varSa pUrve bharUca khaDAyatA vaNike sAthe AvI rahyA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma vyAsa gaNapatirAma kAlidAsa zAstrI; bharUcamAM purANInI aTakathI prasiddha hatA, ane eene vedasaMhitA mukhe hatI tema saMskRta bhASAmAM suvyutpanna hatA. emanI mAtAnuM mUla nAma pArvatI paNa sAsare temane IcchA kahetA. emane janma tA. 7 mI Disembara sana 1873nA roja kheDA jIllAmAM mAtara gAme phaLAdezanuM phaLa" e nAmanA pustakanA kartA vyAsa girijAzaMkara bhoLAnAtha emanI mAtRzrInA mAsInA putrane tyAM thayuM hatuM. emanuM prathama lagna saM. 1942mAM mAtaramAM maNizaMkara ravizaMkara vyAsanA putrI bahena caMcaLa sAthe thayuM hatuM, ane tenA maraNottara saM. 1958mAM amadAvAdamAM mULazaMkara pItAMbara bhAradvAja vyAsanA putrI zrImatI kamaLAbahena sAthe dvitIya lagna thayuM hatuM, paNa teo sana 1926mAM mRtyu pAmyAM hatAM. | gujarAtI tema IgrejIno abhyAsa meTrIka kalAsa sudhIne emaNe bharUcamAM karyo hato. sana 1890mAM teo vaDodarA hAIskUlamAMthI meTrikamAM pAsa thayA. te pachI vaDodarA kelejamAM dAkhala thayelA. tyAM be traNavAra napAsa thavAthI seMTa jheviyara kolejamAM joDAyelA ane sana 1894mAM priviyasanI parIkSA tyAMthI pAsa karI pAchA vaDedarA kalejamAM AvelA ane 1897mAM IgrejI ane saMskRta aicchika viSaya laIne bI. e. thayA. sana 1898mAM kolejamAM IMglizamAM phelo nimAyA ane sana 1902 mAM kalakattA garvamenTa saMskRta kolejamAMthI eo ema. e. nI parIkSAmAM uttIrNa thayA. revenyu khAtAmAM ane muMbAI elphinsTana hAIskUlamAM keTaloka samaya nokarI karyA pachI sana 1915mAM emanI nimaNuMka punAnI Dekakana kolejamAM thaI, je jago parathI sana 1931mAM teo mAnasahita nivRtta thayA hatA. A vaiSNava saMpradAyanA teo custa anuyAyI che ane e saMpradAyanA saMskRta sAhityanuM saMzodhana, abhyAsa ane prakAzana kAryamAM emaNe pitAnuM lagabhaga saghaLuM AyuSya ApyuM che, ema kahI zakAya. 140

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maganalAla gaNapatirAma zAstrI emanuM jIvanacaritra-vistRta-'hitava ka' nAmaka mAsikanA saM 1988 nA dIpotsavI aMkamAM chapAyuM che, temAMthI emanA mAtRbhASAprema viSe nIcenAM vAkyA utArIe chIeH " zAstrIjInu jIvana atyaMta sAduM ane pavitra che. tenI sAthe mAtRbhASAne mATe ananya prema che. peAte agrejImAM graMthAnA saMzodhana karI lakhI zakata paraMtu eka sivAya emaNe badhAMe pustako gujarAtI ane saMskRta bhASAnAM lakhyAM. Dekakana kaeNlejanA mAnapatramAM prinsipAle kheda darzAvyA ke A vidvAne aMgrejImAM pustako lakhyAM heta te vadhu mANase teneA lAbha laI zakata. tyAre zAstrIjIe uttaramAM jaNAvelu` ke mArI mAtRbhASAne samRddha karUM te mane vadhAre ucita lAgyuM, jene mArA graMthanI jarUra lAgaze te jarUra mArI bhASA zIkhavazeja. " :: emanI kRtio :: 1. saMskRta-gujarAtI. 1. gAyatrIbhASya 2. zrI dazamaskandha prathameAdhyAyasukhAdhinI 3. zrI geApikAgItasukheAdhanI 4. vedastuti maTIkA 5. veNugItasukhAdhinI 6. zrI yugalagItasukheAdhanI* ra. gujarAtI. 1. zuddAdvaitasiddhAMtapradIpa. ra. haripriyA. x 3. iMgrejI. sana 29 ... ::: 27 22 1903 1910 1925 1926 1927 1931 1903 1917 An Examination of Samkara's Refutatin of the samkhya system 1925 * zrI vallabhAcArya sapradAyanA bhASyAdi trIseka satkRta graMthAnI zAdhita AvRttie A uparAMta prasiddha karI che. * puSTibhakti sudhAmAM ane puSTisudhAmAM prasiddha lekhAdi uparAMta jayakRSNa graMthamALAmAM paNa cha pustako bahAra pADayAM che. 141

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI E 7 - manu ha. dave. (kAvyatIrtha) jJAte audicya sahastra brAhmaNa ane siddhapuranA vatanI. janma siddhapuramAM tA. 18-9-1914 ne roja thayelo. pitAnuM nAma haragoviMdadAsa lallubhAI dave ane mAtuzrInuM nAma gulAbabAi. lagna sana 1926mAM sau. zAMtAgIrI sAthe vicitra saMjogomAM thayeluM. pitA siddhapuramAM cepaDA bAMdhavAnI dukAna karatA ne "kAgadI" upanAmathI oLakhAtA. prAthamika ane mAdhyamika zikSaNa siddhapuramAMja lIdheluM. aMgrejI pAMcamA dhoraNamAM hatA tyArathI saMskRta bhASAnA abhyAsa mATe prakhara naiyAyika zAstrIjI zrI jayadattajI pAse javA mAMDeluM. te arasAmAMja mAtAnuM bharaNa thayeluM. mULathIja sAhityano zekha hovAthI temaNe zAstrIjI pAse mAtra sAhitya graMthanuM adhyayana zarU karyuM ane aMgrejI parIkSAonI sAthe sAthe saMskRta parIkSAo paNa ApavA mAMDI. aMgrejI 6ThThA dhoraNamAM hatA tyAre kalakattA saMskRta esasIezananI prathama, meTrIkamAM hatA tyAre madhyamAM ane te pachI eka varasa abhyAsa karI sana 1932mAM "tIrtha" parIkSA pasAra karI " kAvyatIrtha" nI padavI meLavelI. ela. esa. hAIskula siddhapuramAMthI meTrIkanI parIkSA sana 1931mAM saMskRtamAM DIsTIkazana sAthe pasAra karelI. meTrIkamAM hatA tyAreja 600 lITInuM khaMDakAvya "grAmajIvana" maMdAkrAntA vRttamAM lakheluM. kavitA lakhavAne zekha te cheka aMgrejI trIjA dhoraNamAMthI lAgele. A pachI teo vaDedarA kaeNlejamAM joDAyelA; paNa kauTumbika upAdhiene laIne eka mAsamAMja tyAMthI chUTA thaI vaDedarA mela TreniMga kolejanA trIjA varSamAM meTrIka sInIyara thavA gayelA. vaDodarAmAM eka varasa rahyA te daramiyAna temaNe vaDodarA zrAvaNa mAsa dakSiNa parIkSAnI sAhitya madhyamAM bIje naMbare pAsa karI rU. 33) nuM InAma meLaveluM tathA " mahArANapratApa", "kizorI," brahmarSi-vizvAmitra" "patitakAra" ane "yAdavAsthaLI" nAmanA skrIna ne anukULa TakI-nAM nATako lakhyAM; jemAMnuM "yAdavAsthaLA" zrI maTubhAIne "sAhitya" mAsikamAM chapAze. 1933mAM teo tharDa iyara TrenDa meTrIka sInIyara thayA ane muMbAI gayelA. temane vicAra tyAM "meDIkala-keleja" mAM joDAvAno hato chatAM kauTumbika aDacaNone laIne siddhapura pAchA pharavuM paDayuM. 142

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manuM ha. dave. (kAvyatIrtha) hAla e maharSi kapilanA sAMkhya darzanane abhyAsa karI rahyA che. "sahiNI-mahAra" nAmanuM lagabhaga traNa hajAra lITInuM vistRta kAvya ceDAja vakhatamAM pragaTa karanAra che, jene paMcama sarga "AtmAne ArtanAda" "sAhitya" mAM chapAyo che. A temanI ogaNIsa varasanI kArakirdI. samartha nATayakAra bAbu brijendralAla royanI emanA upara uMDI asara thaI che. emanA e priyatama lekhaka che. emanAM kAvyo, lekho vagere avAranavAra sAhitya", "yuvaka", "sevA"," pracAraka", "uSa:kALa" e mAsika ane "gujarAtI", "muMbaI samAcAra", "vIsamI sadI", "be ghaDI meja" e aThavADIkemAM pragaTa thayA kare che. emanA priya viSaya sAhitya ane samAjazAstra che. :: emanI kRti :: grAmajIvana sana 1932 143

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI manubhAI lallubhAi jodhANI ee jAtanA jana bhAvasAra ane vatanI kharavALA ( ghelAzAha ) nA che. janma paNa tyAMja tA. 28mI AkaTobara 1902nA rAja thayA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma lallubhAi nathubhAI jodhANI ane mAtAnuM nAma jaDAvabA jesIMgabhAI khelANI che. emanuM lagna sana 1918mAM vAgaDa (tAluke dhaMdhukA )nA zAradAgaurI gaTArabhAi rANapurA sAthe thayuM che. prAthamika zikSaNa baravALAmAM ane mAdhyamika lIMbaDI jasavaMtasiMhajI hAiskulamAM lIdheluM. vaLI zALAmAM pahelA bIjo naMbara rAkhatA tethI dareka parIkSAmAM inAma maLelAM. sana 1920thI teoe baravALA iMgrejI zALAmAM zikSaka tarIke kAma kareluM; paNa sana 1930 mAM satyAgrahanI laDatamAM saradArI lai jelamAM gayelA te vakhate temAMthI rAjInAmuM ApyuM hatuM. hAlamAM teo jIvaNalAla amarazI sAthe amadAvAdanI krmamAM ( " strImeAdha ' mAsikanA madadanIza maMtrI tarIke ) joDAyA che. raNajItarAma taraphathI prAcIna zeAdhALa karavAnI temaja lokasAhitya ekaThuM karavAnI emane preraNA maLelI ane e kSetramAM keTalAka samayathI teo upayAgI kAya karI rahyA che, jenAM kaLA nIce jaNAvelAM pustakArUpe pAraNumyAM che; ane saMgrahita jInuM sAhitya hajI emanI pAse puSkaLa paDeluM che. buddhiprakAzamAM prasiddha thayelI emanI saurASTranA elIAe " e lekhamALAe dhaNAMnuM dhyAna kheMceluM. hamaNAM teo gujarAtanA prAcIna zaherA-vallabhI, meADAsA, rANapurA, dhaMdhukA vagere gAmanA itihAsa lakhavAmAM rekAyalA che. "" prAcIna lAkasAhitya ane vArtA; ane aitihAsika saMzAdhana kAya mAM je thADI ghaNI vyaktie gujarAtamAM kAma karI rahelI che, temAM emane samAveza thai jAya che. tee vaLI emanA jJAtipatra " bhAvasAra abhyudaya '' nA taMtrI paNa che. 144

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manubhAI lallubhAI jodhANI :: emanI kRtio :: 1. sundarIone zaNagAra, bhA-1 2. cha cha bhA-2 3. soraThI javAhara 4. khATI mIThI bALavA 5. soraThI vibhUtio bhA-1 6. soraThI zuravIre 7. AkAzI cAMcIe 19ra8 1929 1930 1932 1932 1932 13ra. 145

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI mahAsukhabhAI cunIlAla zeTha ee jJAte vIzA poravADa zvetAMbara mUrtipUjaka jaina ane visanagaranA vatanI che. temanuM mULa vatana pATaNa che ane atyAre paNa pATaNa sAtheja saMbaMdha dharAve che. emane janma visanagaramAM sa. 1933nA jeTha suda 9 ne divase thayA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma cunIlAla dalachArAma ane mAtAnuM nAma khAi kIlI che. emanuM prathama lagna sa. 1948 mAM AI lakSmI sAthe thayuM hatuM ane te devalAka pAmatAM, khIjI vAranuM lagna bAi zAntA sAthe sa. 1957 mAM thayuM hatuM. te hAla hayAta che. emaNe meTrIkayulezana ane skUla phAyanalanI parIkSAo saMvat 1954 mAM pAsa karI hatI. tyAra bAda teo sAmAjika kAryamAM ane potAnI zarAphI peDhInA vahIvaTamAM rokAyA. vaDeAdarA rAjyanI rAjakIya ane sAmAjika pravRttiomAM tee rasapUrvaka temaja AgaLa paDatA bhAga le che; eTaluMja nahi paNa svAma jaineAnA sudhArAthe tee eTalAja tatpara rahe che. aTita dIkSA viruddha peAkAra karanAra e prathama che. sAta varasathI ayeAgya dIkSA aTakAvavA prajAmata meLavavA jAhera vartamAnapatrAmAM lekheA lakhe che ane e praznanI carcA karatI * amRta saritA ' nAmanI navalakathA e bhAgamAM emaNe lakhIne chUpAvI che. ' vaDAdarA rAjya enDiMga kamiTImAM ane vaDAdarA rAjya strI dhana hakka tapAsa samitimAM tee eka sabhya hatA. hamaNAM uMjhAmAM maLelI mahesANA prAMta pustakAlaya pariSadanA teo pramukha nimAyA hatA. vaDAdarA rAjyamAM sthAnika svarAjyanI sthApanA thaI tyArathI tee eka sabhya nimAyA hatA; ane vaDAdarA rAjya dhArAsabhAnA paNa te dasa varasa sabhya hatA. e parathI emanI vidhavidha pravRttione khyAla Avaze. . narasiMharAvanAM ' kusumamALA ' ane 'hRdayavINA' e temaja 'dalapatakAvya,' 'na kavitA' ane kezavalAla ane hiralAla dhruvanAM kAvyeAe emane kAvya racavAmAM prAtsAhana ApyuM hatuM. kavitA lakhavAne zAkha cheka nhAnapaNathI hatA. hiralAla dhruvanA 'caMdra' mAM te kavitA lakhI meAkalatA. te pachI kAjI anavaramiyAMnA samAgamamAM AvatAM, emanAM kAvyone 14

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mahAsukhabhAI cunIlAla zeTha abhyAsa karI te saMgraha TIkA ane vivecana sahita emaNe bahAra pADyo che, jenI cha AvRttio thaI che. Ama sAhitya, samAja, dharma ane rAjakAraNa e saghaLA kSetramAM emanI pravRtti rahelI che. :: emanI kRtio :: 1. kAvya saritA ( be AvRtti ) saM. 1954 thI 1972 2. anavara kAvya (cha AvRtti) saM 1954 thI 1983 3. kamanasIba kumArikA saM. 1980 4. vIsanagara ane vaDodarA rAjyanI TUMka hakIkata , 1981 5. amRtasaritA-prathama taraMga ka 1987 6. ,, -dvitIya taraMga , 1987 147.

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI khA. bA. mehabubamiyAM ImAmabakSa kAdarI, e. bI. I. e jAte sunnI musalamAna; ane amadAvAdanA vatanI che. emanA pUrvajo mULa aNahilavADa pATaNathI amadAvAda vasAvanAra sulatAna ahamadazAnI sAthe amadAvAdamAM AvyA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma ImAmabakSa dIvAnachamiyAM ane mAtuzrInuM nAma husenabegama abdulAmiyAM uphaijhI hatuM. emane janma amadAvAdamAM tA. 4thI navembara sana 1873nA roja thayo hatA. emanuM lagna sana 1897mAM suratamAM begama sAhebA kamarunnisA zamasudIna bukhArI sAthe thayuM hatuM. eoe prAthamika keLavaNI premacaMda rAmacaMda TreniMga kaoNlejanI prekaTIsIMga skulamAM lIdhI hatI. te pachI IgrejIno abhyAsa amadAvAdamAM sarakArI miDala skulamAM ane Ara.sI. hAIskUlamAM karyo hato. e sana 1888 mAM meTrIkyulezananI parIkSAmAM pAsa thayA ane prathama gujarAta kolejamAM joDAyA pachI seMTa jheviyara kaeNlejamAM gayA hatA. sana 1892mAM teo IgrejI ane phArasI bhASAo aicchika viSaya laIne te ja kolejamAMthI bI.e. pAsa thayA; ane sana 1901 mAM elaela.bI. thayA. hAiskula ane kolejamAM sArA abhyAsa mATe kAjhI zAhAbudIna, jerAjhabhAI pIrabhAI je. epha. pharanAnDIjha ane sara pheka sAuTara skolarazIpa meLavavA bhAgyazALI thayA hatA. | svargastha rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkarane, abhyAsa daramiyAna, temaNe sAro cAha saMpAdana karyo hato; eTaluM ja nahi paNa emanA cAritrya para teoe (kamaLAzaMkarabhAIe) uMDI chApa pADI hatI; evI prabaLa asara emanA jIvanapara sara saiyada ahemade karI hatI, jemanuM jIvanavRttAMta emaNe gujarAtImAM lakhyuM che. sane 1893thI 1896 sudhI keLavaNI khAtAmAM amadAvAda, naDiyAda ane muMbaInI elphInsTana hAIskulamAM temaNe nokarI karI hatI. sane 1897mAM junAgaDha sTeTanA keLavaNI khAtAmAM mahAbata masAnA prinsipAla tarIke joDAyA; ane sane 1901 mAM marahuma pATavIkuMvara zAhajAdA zera jumAkhAnejInA neTIva TayuTara tathA kampanIana nImAyA.te eddhAnI rUe teozrIe zAhajAdA sAheba sAthe hiMdanA prakhyAta sthaLe ane silonanI musApharI karI. sane 1902nA dilhI darabAra vakhate teo hAjara hatA. sana 1903 mAM teo nyAyakhAtAmAM joDAyA hatA, ane karInA 148

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khA. bA. mehabubamiyAM ImAmabakSa kAdarI, e. bI. I. aMge temane IlAkAnA aneka zaheromAM rahevAnuM thayeluM; ane teo emanA bhAyALu ane ekhalAsabharyA vartanathI tema sArvajanika sevAbharI pravRttiethI hiMdu muslima saunI ekasarakhI prIti meLavavA zakitamAna thatA. Aje paNa hinduomAM emanA seMkaDe mitro mAluma paDaze ane muslima hitanA teo khAsa himAyatI che. koI suzikSita muslima baMdhu e nahi maLI Ave ke jeNe emanI pAsethI koI prakAranI salAha, sUcanA ke madada eka vA anya prakAre meLavI nahi hoya. te kAraNe teo Aje aMjumane islAma, gujarAta muslima ejyukezana sosAITI tathA sunnI vakapha kamiTInA presiDenTa che; tema amadAvAdanI jANItI lokapakArI saMsthAo-mukata baMdhIvAna sahAyaka maMDaLI ane muMgA prANI pratye ghAtakIpaNuM aTakAvanArI maMDaLInA teo vAisa-presiDenTa che. chellI laDAI daramiyAna judI judI nimAyelI kamiTIomAM temaNe bahu suMdara kArya karyuM hatuM, ane tenI kadara tarIke emane khAna bahAdurane ane o. bI. I. ne cAMda ane IlkAba maLyA hatA. samAjamAM emanI AvI uMcI pratiSThAne laIne sarakAre saMmativaya kamizana nimyuM hatuM, tenA eka sabhya tarIke emanI pasaMdagI karI hatI; ane temAM sAnaMdAzcarya upajAvanAruM e hatuM ke eo vaDI dhArAsabhA bahAranA muMbai ilAkAnA ekalA ja pratinidhi hatA. kamiTImAM emanuM kAma upayogI ane saMtoSakAraka lekhAyuM hatuM. te saMbaMdhamAM noMdha letAM, kamiTInA sabhyoe junAgaDhanA navAbane-kemake teo e vakhate junAgaDha rAjyamAM jyuDiziyala ephIsara hatA-nIce pramANe patra lakhI mokalyo hatoH "It is not for us to state how invaluable Mr. Kadri's advice has been to the Committee. His unrivalled knowledge both of Muslim Law and particularly of Muslim sentiments, in an inquiry of the sort which we had to undertake was of immense help to the Committee." | muslima hita ane haka mATe jeTalA teo makkama che, teTalA hindu ane muslima ekatAnA himAyatI che. teo evuM sAduM ane nirabhimAnI jIvana gALe che ke te joine emanA mATe koIne paNa mAnanI lAgaNI uddabhave. 149

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graMthakAra ritrAvaLI dhArmika lAgaNI eTalI tIvra che ke bhAgyeja tee nimAjha paDhavA nuM cUkyA hoya; pachI tee musApharI karatA hAya ke gharamAM beTA heAya; sAjA hAya ke mAMdA hoya. kharekhara emanuM jIvana AkhA divasa kAMne kAMi jAhera pravRttiemAM zakAyaluM rahe che; tema prajA ane sarakAra ubhayane te sAre| vizvAsa dharAve che. emanI leAkapriyatA paNa gheADI nathI. tema chatAM yathAvakAze tee sAhityamAM theADuM thADu lakhatA rahe che. hamaNAM temaNe seAsATI mATe urdU sAhityanA itihAsa lakhI ApavAnuM kAma svIkAryuM che. : emanI kRti : 1. musalamAnAnI caDatI paDatInA itihAsa 2. lavAda mArgadarzaka 3. sara saiyada ehemadanuM jIvanacaritra pu sana 1906 1911 1913 ,,

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meharajIbhAI mANekajI raturA meharajIbhAI mANekajI raturA pArasI lekhakomAM jee zuddha gujarAtI lekhana mATe prayAsa karI rahyA che temAM zrI. meherabhAi mANekajI raturAnuM nAma AgaLapaDatuM mUkI zakAya. amadAvAdamAM emanA janmathIja vasatA hovAne lIdhe temaja gRhastha zrImata hiMdu kuTu kheAmAM nAkarI arthe emanuM jIvana AjanI ghaDI sudhI vyatIta thayeluM hovAthI, emanI raheNIkaraNI, bhASA kheAlI vigere taddana gujarAtImaya thaI gayelI che. vaLI, atrenI thIesephIkala sAsAyaTInA te membara heAvAne lIdhe temaja e seAsAITInA sekreTarI tarIke kAma karatA heAvAthI, emanAmAM samabhAva ane bhAtRbhAvanI lAgaNI sphUrI rahe che, ane emanA jJAna vaDe e lAgaNI vadhu komaLa ane saskArI banI che. emanA pitA mANekajI AdarajI raturA mULa suratanA vatanI ane mAtA DeAsIbAInuM vatana amadAvAda che. emane janma tA. 4 thI eprila sane 1879 nA rAja amadAvAdamAM thayA hatA. ee hajI avivAhita che. kAlejamAM khI. e. sudhI abhyAsa karyo che. janmaparyaMta abhyAsa e emanA mudrAlekha ane jIvananuM kavyu che. tatvajJAna ane Ayadha zAstrano emane atyaMta zokha che; ane tenI pratIti ApaNane emanAM pustakA vAMcatAM thAya che. :: emanI kRtio:: 1. 2. vAnaprastha bhagavadbhAvanA 3. gRhastha 4. dIvedAsanuM devAlaya 5. mahAtmA mahimA 111 sana 99 ,, 29 .. 1908 1911 1917 1925

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI rAmaprasAda mohanalAla zukala eo jJAte udicya brAhmaNa ane vaDhavANa zaheranA rahIza che. emano janma cuDA (kAThiyAvADa) mAM tA. 22 mI juna 1907nA roja thayo hato. emanA pitAzrInuM nAma mehanalAla jIvarAma zukala ane mAtuzrInuM nAma durgAbahena devazaMkara dave che. eo haju apariNIta che. prAthamika zikSaNa emaNe jAma-khaMbhAlIAmAM ane mAdhyamika trIjA dhoraNathI meTrika sudhInuM vaDhavANa zaheramAM lIdhuM hatuM. kaoNleja abhyAsanA prathama be varSa temaNe bahAuddIna koleja-junAgaDhamAM gALelAM; ane sana 1928 mAM bI. e. nI parIkSA saMskRta narsa sahita gujarAta kaeNlejamAMthI pAsa karI hatI. kavitA, kAvyavivecanA, khagoLazAstra, phisuphI vagere emanA priya viSayo che. rAmatIrtha, vivekAnaMda, gAMdhIjInI ane khAsakarIne kabIra, mIrAMbAI ane bIjA saMtAnAM bhajananI emanA jIvana para UMDI asara thayelI teo jaNAve che. IMgrejI kavitAnA pustakomAM pAlagrevanuM "Golden Treasury" ane varDajhavarthanAM kAvyo e emanuM zarUAtanuM kAvyamAnasa ghaDavAmAM sAro bhAga bhajavela. emanAM chuTaka kAvyo "prasthAna", "kaumudI," "kumAra" vageremAM prasiddha thayelAM che; ane te Akho saMgraha prasiddha thaye, emanI kavitAnI parIkSA ane tulanA karavAnuM sugama thaze. 152

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raMgIladAsa lakSmIdAsa sutarIA raMgIladAsa lakSmIdAsa sutarIA ee jAte vIsA lADa vANIA che. emaneA janma emanA vatana navasArI khAte saMvat 1937 nA mAha vada 7 ne ravivAra (tA. 20 mI phebruArI sane 1881 ) ne rAje thayeA hateA. emanA pitAnuM nAma lakSmIdAsa makanadAsa, mAtAnuM nAma gulAba. emanI patnI sau. pAvatI khAraDeAlIvALA zAha bhUkhaNudAsa IcchArAmanI dIkarI thAya. sarakArI gujarAtI zALAmAM chaThThA dhoraNa sudhI abhyAsa karyAM bAda aMgrejI keLavaNI emaNe navasArImAM ja dAdAbhAi kAvasajI tAtA e. vI. skUlamAM tathA sara kAvasajI jahAMgIra navasArI jarathAstI madaresAmAM lIdhI hatI. emanI skUla kArakidI jhaLakatI hatI. gujarAtI pahelI cApaDIthI mAMDIne miTraka sudhI dareka dhAraNamAM upale naMbare pAsa thaI emaNe nAmA tathA skAlarzipa meLavyAM hatAM. aMgrejI chaThThA dhoraNanA tathA mATrakane abhyAsa eka ja varSoMmAM pUrA karI sane 1900 mAM maTrika thaI muMbainI elphinsTana kAlejamAMthI " kemisTri ane phijhikasa '' ne aicchika viSaya laI sane 1904 mAM emaNe khI. e., nI parIkSA khIjA vargomAM pasAra karI hatI. kAne ehuM sAMbhaLatA hAvAthI kAyadAneA abhyAsa karavAnA vicAra emaNe paDatA mUkayA hatA. kAleja cheADayA pachI ee vepAra dhaMdhAmAM paDayA hatA. kapAsiyAmAMthI tela kADhavAnA udyoganI hiMdusthAnamAM emaNe pahela kIdhI hatI. telI biyAM pIlavAnA udyoganA niSNAta tarIke khAsa AmaMtraNathI sane 1917 mA inDiyana inDasTriyala kamizana sanmukha emaNe je lekhita ane mADhanI jubAnI rajI karI hatI tene mATe kamizananA pramukha sara theAmasa AlAMDe emane nIce pramANe zAkhAsI ApI hatIH-- - " Thanks very much, Mr. Sutaria. You have evidently studied your subject very closely. If all the witnesses that came before us gave evidence as well as you have done, the task of the Commission would be easy." ee AyAta-nikAsanA vepAra paNa moTA pAyA upara karatA hatA, ane keTalAka amerikana kArakhAnAvALAonA hiMdusthAna khAtenA sela 153 21

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI ejaMTa hatA. laDAI pachI mAlanA bhAvamAM je uthalapAthala thaI tene lIdhe kamanazIbe emane moTo phaTako lAgyo, ane eka veLAnI emanI dhIkatI peDhI, koThArI, sutariyAnI kuM. sane 1921 mAM baMdha paDI. tyAra pachI judI judI dezI temaja yuropiyana oNphisomAM vejITebala ghI khAtAnA menejara tarIke kAma karI sane 1931 nA mArcamAM eo nivRtta thayA, ane hAla navasArI khAte zAMta jIvana gALe che. eo acchA emecyora phoTogrAphara che. jyotiSane paNa emaNe uDe abhyAsa karyo che. nizALamAM bhaNatA hatA tyAre emane mAsikomAM ane vartamAnapatramAM lakhavAno chaMda lAgyo hato. paNa kaeNlejamAM gayA pachI bairI chokarAMne bhUkhe mAravAne e dhaMdhe emaNe sadaMtara cheDI dIdho hato. trIsa varSa bAda dhaMdhAmAMthI nivRtta thatI vakhate, emaNe kalama pAchI hAthamAM lIdhI, ane jANe gayelAM varSone aMga vALatA hoya tema Aje beThA beThA lAMbI TuMkI vArtAo lakhyA jAya che. "Astrology of the Race Course' nAmanuM emanuM aMgrejI pustaka e viSayamAM rasa lenArAoe sAruM vakhaNAyuM che. emanI je kRtio nIce jaNAvI che te uparAMta "sAhitya' mAsikamAM pragaTa thaelI be, "phurasada mAsikamAM pragaTa thaelI aneka ane bIjI apragaTa nAnI moTI vArtAono sAra je ja emanI pAse thayo che, je have pachI prasaMgAnusAra pustakarUpe bahAra pADavAnI e umeda rAkhe che. :: emanI kRtio :: 1 Astrology of the Race Course (aMgrejImAM, maulika) sane 1925 2 IMdirA ane bIjI vArtAo (baMgALI uparathI anuvAda) , 1930 3 zrI ( , , , , , 1932 154

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vasaMtarAma harakRSNa zAstrI vasaMtarAma harikRSNa zAstrI e jJAte girinArAyaNa brAhmaNa jJAtinA che. mULa vatanI jAmanagaranA paNa temane janma amadAvAdamAM thayo hato. lAMbA samayathI temanA pitA amadAvAdamAM AvI rahyA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma harikRSNa ane mAtAnuM nAma jeThIbAI che. emanuM lagna saM. 1971 mAM jAmanagaramAM zrImatI ajavALIbahena sAthe thayuM hatuM. amadAvAda saMskRta pAThazALAmAM emaNe sadagata mahAmahopAdhyAya zrI rAmakRSNa zAstrIjI pAse saMskRtine abhyAsa karyo hato ane alaMkAra, vyAkaraNa, kAvya sAhitya, nyAyazAstra, vedAMta vagere e emanA abhyAsanA priya viSayo hatA. ee eka patrakAranuM jIvana gujAre che; ane puSTa saMpradAyanAM puSTi bhakti sudhA ane vaiSNava dharma patAkAnA upataMtrI tathA taMtrI thaIne "zuddhAta" nAmanuM mAsika hAlamAM sAta varSathI calAve che. sAMpradAyika dharmane mAsikamAM te bahoLu vaMcAya che; ane temAM AvatA aitihAsika ane prAcIna sAhityanA lekhone laine Itara vAcakane paNa AkarSaka thAya che. dharma pravRtti uparAMta teo sAmAjika viSayamAM khUba rasa le che. kavi zrI dayArAmabhAInA aprasiddha sAhitya prakaTa karavAmAM ane saMgItamAM gAIne tene pracAra karavAmAM paNa ghaNo utsAha dharAve che. zrImad vallabhAcAryanA zrIsubodhinI pustake emanA jIvana para prabaLa asara karelI che. vaLI mAjI DepyuTI ejyukezanala inspekaTara manamohanadAsa dalAla, bI. e., pAsethI emane emanA sevA kAryamAM khUba protsAhana maLyuM hatuM. emaNe vaiSNava saMpradAya sAhityane lagatAM lagabhaga 33 pustako eDiTa karI prasiddha karyA che, temAM emanA lakhelAM nIce mujaba che. .:: emanI kRtio :: 1 phalaprakaraNa subodhinI saMvata 1971 2 zAMDilya bhakta sUtrabhASya 3 siddhAMta rahasya 4 ATaluM te karajeja , 1982 5 zrI harirAya vacanAmRta 6 nyAyamUrtine cukAdo 1983 7 zrI puruSottamajInuM caritra 1985 8 puSTimArgane itihAsa 1989 155

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI harasiddhabhAI vajubhAI dIveTiyA eo jJAte vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha; amadAvAdanA vatanI ane janma vaDedarAmAM tA: 17 mI phebruArI 1886 (saM. 194ra nA mahA sudi 14) roja thayuM hatuM. emanA pitAzrInuM nAma vajubhAI hImatabhAI ane mAtuzrInuM nAma IzvarabA hatuM. emanuM bIjuM lagna sana 1917 mAM prinsipAla AnandazaMkara bApubhAI dhruvanA putrI zrImatI jailIhena sAthe thayuM hatuM. - skula ane kolejamAM emanI kArarkidI yazasvI hatI. sana 1906 mAM temaNe gujarAta kaeNlejamAMthI tattvajJAnano viSaya laIne bI. e. nI parIkSA te viSayamAM prathama naMbare dhIrajalAla mathurAdAsa oNlarazIpa sAthe pAsa karI, tyAM sana 1907 tathA 1908 mAM dakSiNa phelo nimAyA hatA; ane sana 1908 mAM ema. e. nI parIkSA tatvajJAnano viSaya laIne pahelA vargamAM pAsa karIne telaMga caMdraka ane InAma meLavyA hatA. te uparAMta yunivarsiTI taraphathI hariphAI nibaMdha lakhIne karasanadAsa mULajI InAma sana 1908 mAM prApta karyuM hatuM, ane sana 1909 mAM temaNe ela ela. bI. nI parIkSA pAsa karI hatI. - thoDe vakhata teo saMyukta prAMtamAM barelI kaeNlejamAM tattvajJAnanA adhyApaka tarIke kAma karI AvyA hatA; paNa dUra pradezamAM rahevAnuM anukULa nahi thavAthI muMbAImAM AvIne sane 1912 mAM muMbaI hAIkeTamAM vakIlAta zarU karI hatI. | muMbAInA vakIlomAM emanI prekiTaza dhIkatI che ane nAmAMkita vakIlomAM emanI gaNanA thAya che. emanI bAhozI ane kAryadakSatAne laIne teone muMbaInI bAra kaunsilanA sekreTarI cuMTI kADhavAmAM AvyA hatA. emanA cAlu dhaMdhAmAM teo gujarAtI sAhitya pravRtti sAthe saMsarga rAkhI rahyA che. muMbAInI zrI pheMrbasa gujarAtI sabhAnA teo nararI sekreTarI che; ane gu. va. saMsAITIne emaNe sana 1914 mAM viliyama jemsanA hoTA pustaka parathI "mAnasazAstra' nuM pustaka lakhI ApyuM hatuM; ane te Treniga kaeNlejamAM pAThaya pustaka tarIke vaparAya che. vaLI teo sArvajanika sevA karavAmAM pAchA paDatA nathI. vAMdarA myunisipAlaTInA chellA traNa varSathI teo eka sabhya che. hamaNAM ja samAcAra bahAra AvyA che ke temanI TuMka muddata mATe muMbAI hAIkorTanA jaDaja tarIke nimaNuMka thaI che. gujarAta te mATe magarUrI laI zake. :: emanI kRtio : 1 mAnasazAstra sana 1914 156

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harilAla narasiMharAma vyAsa harilAla narasiMharAma vyAsa eo jJAte audicca ToLakIA brAhmaNa ane mAtaranA vatanI che. emano janma sana 1863mAM tA. 20 mI june bhAtaramAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma narasiMharAma zivarAma ane mAtuzrInuM nAma bAI jekera bApujI che. emanuM prathama lagna saM. 1937mAM bAMdhaNI gAmamAM sau. girajAbahena sAthe thayuM hatuM, paraMtu te saM. 1944mAM mRtyu pAmatAM emanuM bIjI vAranuM lagna saM. 1947mAM sI. sarasvatI sAthe vaDodarAmAM thayuM hatuM; vahu te bAI ardhadagdha hovAthI emaNe trIjIvAranuM lagna sAta varSanI muzibatI ane duHkhamAM kADhayA bAda saM. 1954mAM sau. kamaLA sAthe karyuM hatuM. te bAI sana 1918mAM gujarI gayAM hatAM. emanAM bIjIvAranAM strI hayAta che. prathama vAranI strInA mRtyu pachI turatamAM emanA pitA devaloka thayelA tethI emanA manane AghAta pahoMcyuM hatuM ane dharma prati emanuM valaNa gayeluM tyArathI sAhitya ane dharmapustakonA tarajumA karavAnuM zarU karyuM. temaNe premacaMda rAyacaMda TreniMga kaeNlejanuM siniyara varganuM sarTiphIkeTa meLavyuM hatuM. AkhI jIMdagI zikSaka tarIke gALI hatI. hamaNuM teo rITAyara thaine prabhu bhajanamAM divase nirgamana kare che. emanA raghuvaMzane tarajume be traNa sargane "buddhiprakAza' mAM te vakhatanA taMtrI bAlAzaMkara ullAsarAme chA hata; ane zrIyuta choTAlAla narabherAma bhaTTanI bhalAmaNathI onararI sekreTarI lAlazaMkarabhAIe emanAM saMskRta pustakanA anuvAda raghuvaMza, kirAtAjunIya kAvya, zizupAla vadha vagere sosAyaTI taraphathI chapAvavA svIkAryuM hatuM. A bhASAntare dvArA paNa teo sAhityanA keTalA sAcA abhyAsI che, te dekhAI AvyA vinA rahetuM nathI. saMskRta kAvya sAhityanA abhyAsIne A graMthe dIvAdAMDIrUpa thai paDe tevA che. .:: emanI kRtio :: 1. zrImadda bhagavadagItA ane aSTAvakragItA gujarAtI kavitAmAM bhASAntara sana 1892 2. raghuvaMza (gu. kavitAmAM bhASAntara) , 1897 3. kirAtAjunIya kAvya (gu. TIkA sAthe) , 1903 4. zizupAlavadha--pUrvArdha- , 1908 5. , -uttarArdha , 1910 6. zrI yajurvedIya puruSasUkta (gu. bhASyarU5) 1933 157

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI 1932 nI kavitA 1 mAnavajIvananA sAmAjika ane rAjakIya praznA hAlamAM vadhu navIna ane vyApaka rUpe UbhA thayA che. kavie e saunA svAbhAvika uddAtA che. kavitA jema yugayuganI praticchAyA che tema dhAtrI ce che, eTale pratyeka sAceA kavi irAdApUrvaka yugakavi na ane tApaNa sahajapaNe yugakavi hAya che. bhaktakavie, samAjasudhAraka kavi, rASTrakavi, prakRtinA gAyaka kavie e badhA pAtIkA yuganA pratinidhi sarakhA che. kavitA e kAraNe yugayugane rasaitihAsa che. je cetanayuga chellI vIsIthI zarU thayA che tenI chAyAe Aje gujarAtanI kavitAmAM UtarI che. prAraMbhanI pracArakAnI kRtie echI thaine yugaguNavaMtI kavitA kalArUpe janmI che. kavitAnuM kSetra jIvana jeTaluM vyApaka che. kuTuMbanAM dainya, samRddhi ane sukhazAntithI mAMDIne rASTrIya tathA AMtararASTrIya dainya, samRddhi ne sukhazAnti sudhI prazna kavitAkSetrane che. vatananI kudaratathI mAMDIne dezaparadezanI kudarata gAvAnA prazna kavitAnA che. Aje prathamanA prazna UkaLatA carU para caDe che paNa kavie draSTA tarIke khesI rahetA nathI. tee te kaLAkRti dvArA bhAvi sRSTine vamAnamAM AkarSe che. A rIte sAhitya, zilpa, nRtya, citra ane prajAnA hunnaraudyogeA yugaguNayukta kaLAmaya rUpa dhAraNa kare che. kavitAnAM kaLAmaya rUpA haju kSeAkabaddha TUMkAM kAvyA tarIke che e kharuM; paraMtu pUrNa kaLAnuM prabhutva kAMI sahasA saMbhavatuM nathI; kema je pUNa svarUpa teA mAnavajAtinA saMskArI kalpanAjIvananA saMpUrNa rasAnubhavanuM sarjana che. chatAM A nAjuka gharadIvaDAM khATAM to nathI ja. have prastuta viSaya para AvIe. hAla je navA lekhako ane temanA yauvane bharelA kavitApradeza kheDI rahyA che te badhA yuvAne che yugaprANanI spaSTa asara A varSanI kAvya 158

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1932 nI kavitA kRtiemAM pravezI che. bhAvanAmaya spaSTa vicArasRSTi ane saraLa pravAhI bhASAzailImAM agrapade jema bhAI rAmaprasAda zukla Ave che tema bhAI ' sundaram " paNa potAnA nirALA vyaktitvathI viziSTa sthAna dharAve che. yauvananI kAcI tAjapa, svArpaNunI dhagaza, sevAbhAva, Adarzo svaxdRSTi ane vicArasRSTi, UMcI mahattvAkAMkSA, vaNamhArI kalpanAe, DAM anuka MpanA, e badhuM AjanA yuvAna kavienI kRtiomAM dekhA de che, tathA e sau vacce AtmavizeAdhananI gaMbhIra prajJAne pravAha sutaranA tAMtaNA jema sAMsaravA vahe che. te sAthe Adarza jIvananI bhAvanAmayatA paNa gUMthAelI rahI che. samayavyApI ahiMsAdharmane aMge buddhapUjA, dIna jatAnI dayA ane ApabhAganI eSaNA vizeSa rUpe pragaTe che. zrI khabaradAra ane zrI 'zeSa' teA siddhahasta kalAkArA che te gUjarAtavikhyAta che. yuvAna kaviomAM agraNI bhAizrI candravadananI zaktio paNa jAjavI jIvanapravRttiomAM thaI ne navIna kalArUpe| sarjAvatI vahe che. bhAizrI rAmaprasAda temaja kRSNulAla zrIdharANI ane umAzaMkara haju chellA varSomAM ja patrA dvArA prakAzita thayA che, chatAM khIjAnA pramANamAM emanA kAvyaguNo adhikAMze caDiyAtA che. umAzaMkara, IndulAla, sundaram , suMdarajI gA, beTAi ane manaHsukhalAle khaMDakAvyeAnA pradezamAM pAMkhA phaphaDAvI che e stutya che. kavitA pote pUrNa AnaMdabharI che eTale ja vizeSa sevya che ema manAya to ja kAvyonI riddhisiddhi vadhe. gujarAtanA kSetraphaLa ane prajAvistAranA pramANamAM kavisaMkhyA atizaya jUja che. gujarAtanI kavitA kRzAMgI matI pUrNa praphullAMgI bane e sAru kAvyalekhakA, patrakArA ane nikA pAtapAtAnA yatheccha bhAga leze te e pAkasamaya bahu dUra nathI. Aje te A sarasa khIjAMkurA joine ja rAcIe. eka rIte jema 'lAlalAla'nuM TAhyaluM ochuM thayuM che ane tene badale dhIragaMbhIra bhAvAvALI kavitA janmI che tema bIjI rIte chellAM varSomAM jaNAtA uttama rasagItAnA abhAva paNa IcchavAyeAgya nathI. viSayAnuM vaividhya AvyuM che e kharU, paraMtu chaMdavaividhya bahu ja echuM che. pradhAnapaNe ageya pRthvI chaMda rahyo che. khIjA pracalita chaMdomAM navInatA lAvavAnA prayatna paNa thayA che. lekhanazailI saMyamabharI ne vivekavatI, eTale saumya saMskAravALI banI che. joke joIe evI bhavya hi te| balavatI te che ja. rasa ane alaMkAra AchA che. pariNAme kaumudIkAra potAnA vArSika sAhityAvaleAkanamAM 159

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI jaNAve che tema kavitA kRzAMgI che. te paNa ApaNe kahI zakIe ke emAM gaMbhIrA jeTaluM UMDANa ane teTalo ja zAnta svaccha vega najare paDe che. sazoka kahevuM rahe che ke uttama rasagItanA abhAva jevo ja abhAva strIkavione che. gUjarAte potAnI kanyAone kavitA kalAmAM preravAno ane praveza karAvavAne samaya kyArano ya AvI pahoMcyo che. vAraso che, saMskAra che, rasajIvana che to kavitAkaLA kema na hoya ? ane ATalI UNapa satvara pUrAze e AzA vyartha nathI. dezaLajI paramAra 160

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1932 nI kavitA svama ( rAga bhairavI; tAla lAvaNI ) tArUM svama na ka| de bhUsI re, hA raDhiyALA ! bhale tega sAdhara le cUsI re, hA Abha thakI tuja kAja jugajuganA aMdhArI bhale, dhAra vahe paNa paDe na jhAMkhA lezaH jonI jhagamagatA e tArA re, ha raNuraDhiyALA ! enA paMtha sadA aMdhArA re, hA raNuraDhiyALA ! dinabhara tArI jyeAti na bhale vA vAdaLa raNuraDhiyALA ! ( dhruva ) zezarakAra macAve, jagata ane pratikULa; nahi tuja aMtaraAMkha khIDAne, Abha bharI de dhULa : hAlAve re, hai| raNaDhiyALA ! DAlAve re, hA raNuraDhiyALA ! UtaratA saMdeza; kA aNagaNa gema UDatAM paDe DUkhe taratAM kaI baMduka tArAne nala AMdhe kai pAja ? tArUM AtamabaLa le sAdhI re, hA raNuraDhiyALA ! e ja zakti alaukika lAdhI re, hA raNuraDhiyALA ! vimAna, jahAja; vIMdhe ? Abha na rAdhe, pRthvI na rAdhe, rAdhe kA na digaMta; niraMtara anata! tAraka bhare aMtara tArUM hA raNuraDhiyALA ! ciradharmeze| aMdezA re ? tArA e ja abhaya saMdezA re! hA raNuraDhiyALA ! 161 tArUM tArUM tA. tArUM azara rU. khabaradAra

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* are bheALA DhagAvAnA che. jIe Indre vaLA graMthakAra caritrAvalI umA-mahezvara (zikhariNI ) svAmI ! prathamathI ja jI jaladhimathane lIdhe turagarmANa jagatanA lIdhA airAvata mahIM. huM jANatI hatI, vheMcaNI uccazravasa te, kautuka sameA. himasama lIdhe zaMkha dhavala, zaziyara sudhAnAM kiraNane. lIdhI kRSNe lakSmI, ane chUTo mUkyA badhAe bhegA cai amRta tamane chetarI pIdhuM, bhUle ! amRta urdUdhanuM vasata zI ? sudhA A adharanI ! ' 6 ane...' bhUle ! rahI jenA bhAgye anupama chetaraine ThagatAM. kahA ? ' sakhi ! viSa pIdhuM kayama, tahIM maMthana same " te ! jagamahIM badhe dharanI dharuNI eka raheA, jANyA e zIkhyA che. AvIne khIjAM te| jANe ke ThIka * banyuM e te evuM kanI ja; dIThI me AliMgI jaladhisutA ane kALA subhaga kara evA mane mArA mana thayuM basa e mUkI jo, A bAhu dhanamahIM na vidyut kRSNatanune; bhajI rahyo, raMga dharavA. sama dise ? ' praNayana niHsIma ulaTathA, khanyuM. zeSa tIM Akhe vive ane e AzleSe viSa jagatanuM sAka premavibhava ( pRthvI ) ananta tuja AziSe| ama pare prabhA UtarI, vahe pavana, pANI, teja ramatuM rahe vizvamAM; sphurI jIvanacetanA dina dine Take je vaDe, ahe| ! najara ArI raMjana asa Mkhya dazyeA kareH 162

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1932 nI kavitA nadI, udadhi, parvate gagana gherI geLA bhame, ane hadayatAra sau jhaNajhaNe lahI premane priyAnayanamAM, zizumita viSe, pitAaMkamAM, ure jananInA, mane suhada bhAIbhAMDu taNA. pitA ! basa nathI zuM A vibhava mAnavIne maLyo? pramANa tuja premanuM prakaTa e nathI? ke mathe ahama vadhu pramANavA yama, kiMThAthI, kyAre ane paDI viphaLa zodhamAM baDabaDI UThe ne baLe ? na bindu jaLanuM lahe kadI ya mApa siMdhu taNuM, virATa-uramAM vase basa nathI ja zuM eTaluM ? rAmaprasAda zukala smAraka "(pRthvI) lauM kulachaDI? sugaMdhamaya pAMkhaDI ? ke ghaDI zilA zakalane abela vadane ya vAcA dauM ? virATa nabhamALathI cakacakita tArA lauM dharU caraNamAM? paLepaLa rahyuM nathI dIvaDI ? sahastrakiraNAvaliracita dIpatI rAkhaDI thakI grathita vizvanAM parama paMca to sahu taNuM acala citranI ja smRti eka tArI cahuM; kiyuM racuM kahe ? anaMta yugarAjathI ye vaDI ! hatI ramatI ALa tuM-sarala zAMta gaMgodaka- sadA patitapAvanI, kamalarekha zI vistarI, vahI ghana gabhIra nitya muja jIvane nirjarI, uDaMta jagatAtanI ati vizALa ko kalpanA samI, tuja mase kaI navIna huM racuM bhAvanA? IlA' zabada eka e ja nathI bhavya zuM smAraka ? candravadana mahetA

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI vizvamukhI (upajAti-vaMzastha) himAlaye mastakanAM uzIkAM ! ne bahu jhIle jala gaMga-siMdhunAM ! sahyAdrisaMge paga eka TekavI, jhaMkhyA karuM darzana bhAgyadunAM. vaMToLa UThe marubhomanA ure, smite zamAvuM svara-maMja-kaMpane; ne vidhyanA zalazale vIMdhAuM, to ye hasuM jAgrata svamasiMcane. ne e kSaNe te laghu mAnavI maTI, banI rahuM rASTra-virATa-cetanA; prajAprajAnA ura-spaMda-tAne, gUMjI rahuM Urmila aiya-preraNuM. ukelato tArakazabdathI; ne premadhArA vahuM vizvamukhI. - umAzaMkara joSI ma-tuMbaDuM (upajAti-vaMzastha) trikAlakera karI mAnadaMDa, prakAzanI tAtrayI maDhI laI; pratata bhAnu taNI aMguThI karI, azvinIe sAda karyo pracaMDa virATa ! tAruM jayagAna gAvA, taMbUranuM eka ananta tuMbaDuM daI zake te muja daMDamAM mahuM, saMgIta e zAzvatane zamAvA !" 164

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1932 nI kavitA virATanuM soNaluM to sarI paDayuM, ' dhIme rahI aMtara kholI ApyuM; ananta evuM avakAza vyApyuM, azvinIne sAMpaDayuM ma-tuMbaDuM. saMgItanA zAzvata bela thIjatAM tArA banI tuMba mahIM dIvA thatA ! kRSNalAla zrIdharANI be bhAvanAo (pRthvI) jayadi javuM game ja-smita lakSmInAM osarI, suvarNataNa kAnta kAti maLI jAya mATI mahIM, hIrA ratana ne maNi patha taNI bano kAMkarI, paraMtu amaluM prasAdamaya hAsya pAritryanuM thaje na kadi jhAMkhuM, nA malina e kadi ye thaze, niraMtara prasanna padmasama aMtare e TharA. bhale sakaLa vizvanAM viSa javalaMta ne kAramAM sukhe jagata ThAlave muja mukhe, ane dAhanA duHkhe aNuaNu bane vikala vyarata cho mAharA; paraMtu dharaze nahi hRdaya vAkAThinyane, sUkAI urathI jaze na kadI premanI nijharI, vahI vahI vizAla vizvapaTa nitya bhIjAvatI. rahe viSasamudramAM amRtapUrNa maMdAkinI, anaMta smitanA taraMga para bhadra vistAratI. pUjalAla: 165

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI zahAdata ( pRthvI ) mazAla saLagAvI mUke du:khiyAM jane DhUMDhavA; praphulla tuja svamanI--jIvananAM--adhUrI kaLIH asaMkhya kacaDAyalAM abalanI thavA preraNA, dIvela khUTatAM bali banI jaje mazAle caDI. phugAva tuja kalpya sRSTi sajavA navAM Ayudho, navAM sarajA vinA kyama zame kSudhA krAMtinI ? navAM sarajane vinA pratIti re, thaze zrAMtinI ! marI jIvavuM e vRtti vI rahyAM navAM sarjane. nahi sUrajanA vinA dharatI rUpa dhAre navuM, nathI rajanI dIsatI madhuravI vinA caMdrikA; lIleAtarI vinA sudhA prakRtimAM nathI UDatI, nathI nUra svata MtratA taNuM kadI zahIddo vinA. zahAdata banI jaze jIvananI jayaMta karavA tane kamAna racaze dhruti ! UMce nIce A zuM huM kayAM Ubhe ?-muja pAsa vizva ane vyakti (vasa'tatilakA ) sahu dize prasaryuM apAra majA je ghaDI, jaga siMhAsane UtarI vyakta saghaLu A tArA asaMkhya sabandha zA adRzya sUtra jhADa DuMgara badhuM nirakhuM je muja nivAsa kahAM sakala ananta dhana vAdaLa sAtha sa mahIM IndulAla gAMdhI AsapAsa ? pramANuM ? disatuM ajANyuM. 16 agAdha vyAma, sU` sAma; haze mahArA, parAvanArA ?

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1932 nI kavitA kuMDALuM kAMkarI paDaze jalamAM taNAya, kAMThA bhaNuM paLapaLe saratuM jaNAya; huM" zUnya-sAgara-jale paDatAM zuM pAmyuM vistAra vizvataNuM vartula -kema jANuM? huM' madhyabindu maTatAM, prabhavyo "huMthI je AkAra vartulakaNo, maTI zuM jaze te ? nalina maNizaMkara bhaTTa jIvanadhUpa (vaMzastha) (1) udyAnamAM maMDapa keLastaMbhanA reyA, racI meM zata svarNavedikA, raMgoLInI ramya gUMthela AkRti, nAce patAkA vanarAvali. homAM haviSyAnna vRtAdi ke bali, pradIpta javAlA kratunI bhabhUkatI; bhaMDAra homyA dhanarAzidAnathIH sugaMdha vyApI nabha yajJadhUpanI. prabhAtane brAhmamuhUrtakAla huM ekAMtamAM maMdira dvArA Thelate; jalAvata saptazikhAnI Arati, stotro yazogAna taNAM alApato. jale tahIM nizcala dIpatio, peTAvato aMtara-dIvaDe ure; ekAtmatA puNya-svarUpa pAmata: sugaMdha vyApI ura jJAnadhUpanI 167

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI nadI nahera su-rasALa bhUmimAM, anaMta meM bIja suvarNa vAviyAM; lacI rahyAM khetara pAkabhArathI, saMdhyA namI, mela laNyA kaNekaNa. ane hase dhAnya taNA mahAgiri suvarNavarNa mRdu sAMdhyatejathI rasyA, dharyA e tuja pAdayugmamAM sugaMdha vyApI jaga karmadhUpanI. tanasukha bhaTTa adhya (maMdAkrAntA) jaMpe zuM e pralaya javara tApe tapelo prabuddha ? mIcAmAM zuM vIjaLItaNakhA veratAM ugra nena ? rUMdhAI zuM ahIM paDI gayo ddha AtmA acena? ke bUjhAi prajvalita zikhA kAtinI karmazuddha ? Aje haiyAM vicalita banI neNa AMsu nIgALe, zA relAye hadayabharanI vedanAnA vilApa ! DhaLa zAne viphaLa nayanAzra karIne pralApa, chAMTayAM eNe tana-phAdharane rASTrasaMkrAntikALe homyuM jeNe nija zarIrane dezakalyANaya, rAkhyo vize sajIva ujaLI bhAvanAne hutAza; veryo jeNe yugajIvananI preraNAno prakAza, paMkhA e priya svajana, sainika svAtaMlagna. coLI eNe yugazarIrane bhasma zeNitabhInI, teDI eNe jaDa jIvananI zaMkhalA pUrvajonI. camanalAla gAMdhI 168

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1932 nI kavitA ahA ! tuja vadhAmaNe prakRti Aja zI zelatI ! jhUmI kusumanAM rahyAM vividha Aja zAM jhUmakhAM ! * dhasuM jhaTa huM bahAvare upavane phule vINavA, ane kusumagranthithI caraNa tAharA pUjavA. gulAba laUM ? nA, kapala tuja ramya ethI ghaNA; mRNAla ? nahiM kula ethI tuja netra sehAmaNAM; laUM zuM baTamegaro ? nahi ja; caMpako? nA, nahi; zirISa? nahi; -mAlatI ? nahi ja; bhALa mandAranI ? khase, kusuma zI vidhe kusumasattvazIne ure vase ? itarane bhale kusuma sarva e rIjhave; huM to muja adhakaDA, khaTamIThA ja zabdo gUMthI, pade tuja mahezvarI ! hadaya bhAvabhIne dharI kRtArtha mujane gaNIza, surasaMdha spardhAta. kRtArtha nahi kema huM kavi ane kalAkArathI ? huM te anubhavIza Aja sahu temanI kalpanA ! kaLA kavananI ane parama sarva tuM zilpanuM, sadeha muja anya A sadana Aja ujALaze ! manasukhalAla maganalAla jhaverI divyatrayI (vasaMtatilaka) saundaryanI sarita sUkSma sadA vahanta, hemAM ananta ramatA zuci premadI5; pratyeka 'Urmi navaluM smitagIta gAtI, pratyeka dIpa navata rahe vilAsI. saundaryanI avanavI muja Urmi mahuM to ' jANuM sadAya tujane; muja premadIpa 16

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI AtmA taNA amala sneha vaDe saceta; vahAlI, sumaMgala sadA tuja cAru gIta. huM lekhate parama jIvanadhanyatA e, tuM lekhaje parama AziSa IzanI e; AhalAda-Indu nija jyoti taNe prasAda varSAvatA vimala jIvana vizvamAMhe. anuTu5 saundarya, prema, alAda vizvanI divya e trayI, ApaNuM jIvane Aje pekha, gUMthAI zI rahI ! suMdarajI ge. beTAI pataMgiyuM ane garuDa (zikhariNI) aho nAnAM aMgo, zuM ke sarve raMge jagatabharanA AMhI bhariyA, uSA, sadhyA, puSpa, vihaga, nabhanAM vAdaLa thakI grahI vINIvINa mRdula karathI, jyoti lapakI, ahIM nAnAM aMge sacara prabhue pAya dhariyA ! anati vaividhe, prabhunI sAnnidhe, kusumabhavanomAM viharatuM, kuMbI pAMkhovALuM, parama mRdutAnA aNu samuM, aho zuM UDe A mukhathI kharIuM hAsya prabhunuM ! haze kSudra dehe saphaLa kAma e jIvyuM karavuM? (pRthvI) zuM e manuja AMkhane rIjhavI harSane ApavA UDe kusuma ekathI avarape rasa cAkhavA ? bharI udara jIvavuM, avara kAma ene na zuM? nahi, nahi ja, ema jIvana no ehane rUcatuM! (seraThe) prajaLe dIpakata, prajaLe uramAM jhaMkhanA; dIpakane aMga home prANa pataMgiyuM. 170

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1932 nI kavitA (zikhariNuM) ahe kevI AMkho ! ane A zI pAMkho gaganatalane bAtha bharatI ! badhA bhAve sattA, vijaya, mahimA, zrejImayatA taNI A mUrti zuM pragaTa ! prabhu ke racayitA haze jeNe sajI prakhara balanI murati ! UMDAM te AkAze, digantanI pAse, girivarataNAM ucca zikhare, aho jene rahevAM, UDaNa karavAM, nitya bhamavuM mahA vege, tINA svarathI saghaLuM vizva damavuM; madonmattI e garuDa jagamAM kema vihare ? (pRthvI) zuM e nija damAmathI jagatajIvane zaktino, sadA nija vihAra zuddha girizIrSa uttegane daI prakhara pATha, ucca zikhavADate jIvavuM ? nahi, nahi ja; bhAva e prakhara kyAMthI bhUkhyA kane ? (sorA) UThe tINI cIsa, paMje pakaDayuM paMkhIDuM; haiyuM cIrI krUra bharakhe bIjAne garuDa. (zArdUlavikrIDita) je jIve rasa puSpano raja cUsI DaMkhe ya nA tyAM paDe, ne je jIvana kAja jIva bharakhI trAse bhare sRSTine; re sRSTikrama jIvavA avarane saMhAravAno khare, ke apa nija deha ne praNayanA khoLe sUvAne khare? sundarama

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI bhagna svamanI nAva mArI nAva kare kA pAra ? kALAM bhammara jevAM pANI, juga juga saMcita hai ! aMdhAra; sUrya candra nahi, nahi nabhajgyAti rAta divasa nahi sAMja savAraH mArI nAva kare kA pAra? bhAvinA nahi preraka vAyu, bhUta taNA dAkhe AthAra; adhaDUbI dIvAdAMDI para khAtI AzA me|tapachADaH mArI nAva kare kA pAra ? nathI hIra, nathI mANekamAtI, kanaka taNeA nathI emAM bhAra; bhagna svamanA khaMDita TukaDA tArI kANa utAre pAra ? mArI nAva kare ke pAra ? 'sneharazmi' viSAda (pRthvI) mane avagaNA, to, nava kadI ya saMbhArajo, vahe nayana azrudhArI nava lUchavA Avo; aneka thara jAmiyAM ura azAntinAM, bhedavA prayatna karaze nahi; sudRDha e bhale sau rahyAM. sukeAmala na bhAva dUra jaDatA karIne pharI prasupta smaraNAbdhimAM navatara`gane preraze; spRhA na tama saMganI, na karavI ce geAThaDI, viluptagatakAlabhasma uramAM paDI seMdharI. 172

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1932 nI kavitA vahAvI sahu bhAva A hRdaya zUnya zAne karUM ? vibhakta karauM zAkabhAra nava leza e karUM. suNAvI kathanI na duHkha cahuM huM jarI bhUlavA; paDela jakhamA taNA traNa daza nA dekhavA. huM dUra tamathI jaI parama zAnta ekAntamAM rahI, laza zAkagIta muja citta saMtapavA. mUrchA ( pRthvI ) jatI rajina, tAralA paravare judA dezamAM, thayA gula prakAza, teha mamatA maLe leza nA; nirAza nabha, ekalI aTUlI myAna candI raDe, paDe gaganagAkhathI ya, sahasA DhaLI e ! paDe. 'vAtAyana' UMDuM laharI niHse thatharatI DUme sAgare, gulAbakaLI AMkhathI DaLaka e himAzru khare; adhe karuNatA bharI, danajosa hevAya nA, athAga liArtinAM pUrajIALa rokAya nA. UThe cIsa aphATa e ! kakaLatI tahIM kAramI, paDe taraphaDI cakAra taDALathI eka tyAM; jhume ura azabda, anya nayane tyaje cetanA, daze diza karAla kA nIravatA ja mRtyu taNI. -tA muja nase nase, ane ghaTaghaTe caDhI rudhirasera thIjI gaI, saghana sUnA nI. 173 zirISa zelata

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graMthakAra caritrAvalI dIvAdAMDI (maMdAkrAntA) jAtAM jAtAM saphara mahIM A siMdhunA mArga mAMhI, chUpA UbhA khaDaka tahIM je kALa zA nAva kera ! tuTayA jahAje, jhajhUmI mariyA je khalAsI badhA tyAM, dIvAdAMDI svarUpa jhaLake prANa zuM sarvane A? darethI ke jaladhijalanA mArgamAM nAva Ave, saMdezAo camakI camakI vahANane e kahAve; nA nA, nA nA, ahIM nahi, ahIM kALa Ubho lapAI tAruM AMhI jIvana saghaLuM-prANa jAze harAI. saMdezAo jhabakI jhabakI AvatA prANa kerA, sUNIne sau diza badalatA nAva kerI khalAsI; jAtAM mAruM jIvana-jaladhi-mArga je nAva tUTe, dIvAdAMDI banI rahI tahIM cetavuM sau pravAsI. praphlAda pArekha 174

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S WANIE LLLLLLL DHO or MAR RRINTFRY AHMETAL