Bharatiya Tattvavidya

Author(s): Sukhlal Sanghavi
Publisher: Prachyavidya Mandir Vadodara
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/005235/1

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mahArAjA sayAjIrAva gAyakavADa pAritoSika vyAkhyAnamAlA, 1956-57 dain Education International bhAratIya tattvavidyA AJA SAYAJIRAO UNIVERSITY O THE satyaM zivaM sundarama paMDita sukhalAlajI saMghavI

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mahArAjA sayAjIrAva gAyakavADa pAritoSika vyAkhyAnamAlA, 1956-57 bhAratIya tattvavidyA vyAkhyAtA : paMDita sukhalAlajI saMghavI DI. li. JRMOUR SAYILIR satyazivaM sudarama mahArAjA sayAjIrAva vizvavidyAlaya, vaDodarA.

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prakAzaka : De. bhogIlAla ja. sAMDesarA niyAmaka, prAcyavidyA mandira, vaDedarA dvitIyAvRttiprata 1000 vi. saM. 2028] [ I. sa. 1971 sUla reanape. (sarva hakka prakAzakane svAdhIna) prAptisthAna yunivarsiTI pustaka vecANa vibhAga, mahArAjA sayAjIrAva yunivarsiTI presa, rAjamahela reDa, rAjamahela daravAjA pAse, vaDodarA mudraka : zrI. ramaNalAla jIvaNalAla paTela, vyavasthApaka, dhI mahArAjA sayAjIrAva yunivarsiTI opha baroDA presa (sAdhanA presa), rAjamahela daravAjA pAse, rAjamahela reDa, vaDodarA,

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nivedana (prathama AvRtti) bhUtapUrva vaDodarA sarakAra taraphathI "mahArAjA sayAjIrAva gAyakavADa pAritoSika vyAkhyAna mAlA"nI yojanA karavAmAM AvI hatI. A yojanA anusAra, prasiddha vidvAnone dara varSe vaDodarAmAM vyAkhyAna ApavA AmaMtraNa ApavAmAM AvatuM hatuM, ane vyAkhyAne Ayo badala teone rUA. 500/-nuM pAritoSika apAtuM. vaDodarA rAjyanAM vilInIkaraNa pachI, A vyAkhyAnamAlAnA niyamAnusAra, prativarSa vyAkhyAna yojavAnuM kArya muMbaI sarakAre mahArAjA sayAjIrAva vizvavidyAlayane suprata karyuM ane A vyAkhyAne mATe vizvavidyAlayane vArSika rU. 5000/- pAMca hajAranI khAsa madada ApavA TharAvyuM, tadanusAra, vizvavidyAlaya prativarSa A vyAkhyAnamALAnI rojanA kare che. nIce jaNAvelA AThamAMthI game te eka viSaya upara A vyAkhyAnamAlAmAM vyAkhyAne ApavA TharAveluM che. 1. kavitA, 2 sAhitya, 3. itihAsa, 4. tatvajJAna, 5. arthazAstra, 6. vijJAnika saMzodhana, 7. lalita kalAo, 8. samAjasevA ane samAjasudhArA. Aja sudhImAM A vyAkhyAnamAlAnA upakrame, Do. rAdhAkumuda mukarajI, De. ravIndranAtha TAgora, zrI. sI. vI. vaidya, zrI. ke. naTarAjana, dIvAna bahAdura kezavalAla dhruva, paMDita viSNu nArAyaNa bhAtakhaDe, De. surendranAtha dAsaguptA, De. zaphAta ahamadakhAna, Do. (zrImatI) sarojinI nAyaDU, De. Ara. ke. dAsa, DaeN. TI. I. gregarI, De. sI. vI. rAmana, zrI. ke. vI. raMgasvAmI AyaMgara, De. birabala sahAnI, Do. je. sI. gheSa, prophesara ke. TI. zAha, De. ke. esa. kRSNana, 3. DI. ena. vADiyA, De. Ara. sI. majamudAra ane De. sI. pI. rAmasvAmI Ayara jevA samartha vidvAnoe vyAkhyAne ApyAM che. A vyAkhyAnamAlAnAM 1956-5 nI sAlanAM vyAkhyAna ApavA suprasiddha vidvAna prajJAcakSu paMDita sukhalAlajI saMdhavIne vinaMtI karavAmAM AvatAM, teoe vizvavidyAlayanI vinaMtIne svIkAra karI, vaDodarA kaoNleja-bilDIMganA senTrala holamAM, I. sa. 1957nA phebruArI mAsamAM, tA. 21 thI tA. 23 sudhImAM bhAratIya tattvavidyA' e viSaya para vyAkhyAne ApyAM hatAM. paMDitajIe vyAkhyAnanI hastaprata pharI eka vAra tapAsI laI, te mudraNakArya mATe taiyAra karI ApI te mATe ame teonA AbhArI chIe. AzA che ke tattvavidyA-philasaphImAM rasa dharAvanAra sarva vidvAne ane vidyArthIo A vyAkhyAnene AvakAraze. mahArAjA sayAjIrAva vizvavidyAlaya, ) vaDodarA, tA. 20 navembara, 1958 I braja kRSNa sunzI rajisTrAra

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puravacane vaDodarA yunivarsiTInA Azraye cAlatI sara sayAjIrAva gAyakavADa eNnariyama lekacara sirIjhamAM vyAkhyAna ApavAnuM mane AmaMtraNa maLyuM ane jene lIdhe huM prastuta vyAkhyAne ApI zako, te badala ukta lekacara sirIjhanA vyavasthApaka ane khAsa karI vaDodarA yunivarsiTInA tatkAlIna upakulapati vidUSI zrImatI haMsAbahena mahetAne sarva prathama mAre hArdika AbhAra mAne joIe. emanA taraphathI A sammAnaprada sirIjhamAM vyAkhyAna ApavAnuM AmaMtraNa maLyuM na heta te je rIte A vyAkhyAno taiyAra thayAM che te rIte mArA jIvanakALa daramiyAna lakhavAne prasaMga bhAgye ja Avata. A vyAkhyAmAM carcAyela viSaye manamAM te saMsakArarUpe paDyA hatA. paNa ene sugrathita rUpe vyakta karavAnuM kAma ekAgratA ane parizrama, banenI apekSA rAkhatuM hatuM. vaDodarA yunivarsiTIe A kAma karavAnI taka ApI e mArA jIvanane eka vizeSa lahAve ja che, ema huM samaju chuM. nakkI karyuM hatuM te huM A vyAkhyAne rASTrabhASA hindImAM lakhI zakata. ane hindImAM lakhyAM heta te saheje enuM vAcakavartula bahu moTuM prApta thAta. huM rASTrabhASAne pUre himAyatI paNa chuM. A badhuM chatAM meM mAtRbhASA gujarAtIne pasaMda karI, tenuM eka ane mukhya kAraNa to e che ke huM mAtRbhASAnA mAdhyama dvArA aneka viSayanAM zikSaNane ja nahIM, paNa te te viSenA ucca ane uccatara zikSaNane paNa samarthaka rahyo chuM. tethI mArA viSayane mAtRbhASAmAM ja nirUpavAne dharma mane prApta thAya che. A dharma bajAvatAM mane gujarAtI bhASAnuM viziSTa zaktinuM pahelAM karatAM vadhAre bhAna thayuM. kaI paNa sAce abhyAsI pitAnA viSayanI rajUAta mAtRbhASAmAM karavA prAmANika prayatna kare, te te viSayane vizeSa nyAya ApI zake che, ane mAtRbhASAnuM kAMDuM vikasAvavA sAthe tenuM AMtarika baLa paNa pragaTa karI zake che. e rIte judI judI prAMtIya bhASAomAM racAyeluM viziSTa sAhitya chevaTe to rASTrabhASAnuM khamIra ja pioSe che ane enA sAhityamAM virala umere paNa kare che. gujarAtImAM hovA chatAM jo e vicAromAM kAMIka sava jevuM haze, te te rASTrabhASAmAM avatAra pAme tene kAIka dIpAvaze. je kAMI paNa evuM sthAyI satva na hoya te te prathamathI rASTrabhASAmAM lakhAyuM hoya to te eka khUNAmAM paDayuM ja rahe. A vicArathI meM pitAnI jAtane eka rIte AkarI kasoTIe caDhAvI che. have parIkSA karavAnuM kAma tatte niSNAtonuM che. kAMI paNa lakhavuM hoya, tyAre sAme prazna Ave che ke te lekacya bane e rIte lakhavuM ke vidagya bane e rIte ? zikSaNane vadhatA jatA phelAve, vAcakavarganI vadhatI jatI saMkhyA ane sAhityane vadhatA jatA pracAra, A badhuM jotAM lekabhogya rIte lakhavuM joIe ema mana kahe che. paNa huM bIjI dizAe cAlyo. tenuM eka kAraNa te e che ke je sirIjhanA Azraya taLe mAre vyAkhyAna ApavAnAM hatAM tenI kakSA sAdhAraNa kaTinI nathI. bIjuM kAraNa mArI sAme e paNa rahyuM che ke tattvajJAnane lagatA judA judA prazno tema ja tenI sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatI paraMparAo, e badhAMne sAce khyAla meLavavo hoya te te vicAranI uparachallI sapATIe rahevAthI maLI zakato nathI. jo ke enA UMDANamAM UtaravA prayatna na kare te chevaTe tattvajJAnanA viSayo mAtra sthaLa

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ane vyavahAru jevA banI jAya. tethI UlaTuM, jo ke enAthI banI zake teTaluM e viSayamAM UMDANa keLavavA prayatna kare, te divase divase e viSaya paratve sAcuM jJAna meLavavAnI dizA UghaDe, vaLI, jyAre AvA viSayo UMDANa pakaDatA jAya che, tyAre krame krame tene upayukta evI bhASA-paribhASA paNa vadhAre sthira thAya che, ane ghaDAya che. A sAmagrI AgaLa jatAM lekabhogya rIte viSayanI rajUAta karavAmAM bahu kAmanI nIvaDe che. saMskRta, prAkRta ane pAli jevI zAstrIya bhASAomAM je aneka viSayo para sUma ane sUkSamatara carcAo thayelI che, tene lIdhe ja te te bhASAnuM sAhitya gaurava ane sthAyitva pAmyuM che. aMgrejI Adi pAzcAtya bhASAomAM te te viSaya paratve lakhanArAo badhuM ja mAtra lekabhAgya thAya e daSTie nathI lakhatA. je emaNe e ja mArga svIkAryo hota te, Aje che teTaluM gaurava pAzcAtya bhASAo ane tenA sAhityanuM kadI na heta. A ane AvI bIjI vicAraNAthI meM A vyAkhyAnamAM lekagratAnI sahelI keDI choDI dIdhI che. paraMtu huM pote ema mAnuM chuM ke lokabhogya sAhitya paNa taiyAra thavuM ja joIe. enuM ekaMdara mUlya jarA ya ochuM nathI; UlaTuM evuM sAhitya lakhAvAthI ane pracAramAM AvavAthI vAcakavarga krame krame vadhato jAya che, ane emAMthI nAne paNa jijJAsuvarga vigya sAhityane samajI zake evo nirmANa paNa thAya che. je A vyAkhyAnamAM carcAyelA viSaye egya rIte rajU thayA haze ane temAM mane avakAza nahIM hoya athavA ochAmAM ochA haze, te tene AdhAre ja koI kuzaLa vyakti lokabhogya rIte ene bIju rUpa ApI paNa zakaze. koleja ane yunivarsiTImAM bhAratIya tatvajJAnanI judI judI zAkhAonuM adhyayanaadhyApana cAle che, ane kadAca te vadhatuM javAne paNa saMbhava che. A tattvajJAnanA abhyAsIo ane adhyApako moTe bhAge aMgrejImAM lakhAyela te te viSayane lagatAM pustakane upayoga kare che ane zakya hoya tyAM saMskRta, prAkRta Adi prAcIna bhASAomAM lakhAyela ucca koTinA graMthane paNa upayoga kare che. vidyArthI ane adhyApake e sAhityane upayoga te kare che, paNa meM ghaNI vAra joyuM che ke, temane te te viSaya jANavAnI sAmagrI ochI ke vadhatI je mAtRbhASAmAM ke chevaTe rASTrabhASAmAM maLe te temanI samaja vizeSa cekhI bane che, ane temane e viSayamAM, samajaNa vadhavAne kAraNe, rasa paNa paDe che. ghaNI vAra vidyArthIo ja nahIM, paNa adhyApake suddhAM pUche che ke, tattvajJAnanA amuka amuka muddA paratve sarvagrAhI ane tulanAtmaka nirUpaNa karatuM karyuM pustaka gujarAtI ke hindImAM che? A temanI pRcchA ane mAgaNa mArI najara sAme hatI. tethI meM e mAgaNIne kAMIka paNa saMteze ane abhyAsamAM thoDI paNa madada maLe e dhAraNA rAkhI A vyAkhyAnamAM tatvajJAnanA mukhya traNa-jagata, jIva ane Izvara viSayonI AsapAsa bhAratIya paraMparAomAM je vicAro khIlyA che, tenI mArI rIte phUlagUMthaNI karI che. enI upayogitAne kyAsa te have e viSayanA abhyAsIo ja kADhe. pAMcamA vyAkhyAnane aMte "darzana ane jIvana nA mathALA nIce (pR. 89) je upasaMhAra karyo che, te vAcake prathama vAMcI le ane pachI vyAkhyAne vAMce te emane viSayanI rajUAtane keTalAka krama dhyAnamAM Avaze, ane vyAkhyAnenA viSayonI goThavaNI pAchaLa mArI zI daSTi rahI che. tene paNa khyAla Avaze, jene lIdhe temane viSaya samajavAmAM kAMIka madada maLaze. pAMce vyAkhyAne

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bhAratIya tattvavidyAne lakSI lakhAyelAM che. dareka vyAkhyAnanA mukhya viSaya te te vyAkhyAnane mathALe nirde zalA che, ane te te viSayane lagatA je je nAnA-meTA muddAe carcA che, enAM peTA-mathALAM paNa tyAM tyAM ApyAM che. vyAkhyAnAne aMte eka sUci ApelI che, jemAM pAribhASika-zabdo, viziSTa vyaktie, zra^thA, graMthakAra vagerenI pAnAvAra yAdI che. tema ja je je graMthAnA AdhAra tarIke meM upayoga karyo che, ane je prathA TippAmAM niSTi che tenI yAdI paNa e sUcimAM AvI jAya che. huM amadAvAdamAM hatA, ane vyAkhyAna lakhavAnA prasaMga AvatAM kAzI cAlyA gayA. lagabhaga traNa mahinA rahyo, paNa A vyAkhyAnA tA doDha-be mAsamAM ja lakhAi gayelAM. kAzImAM javAthI je jhaDapa thaI ane lakhavAmAM mane je dhaNI anukULatA rahI teneA yaza bahuzruta ane kaTha paDita dalasukha mAlaviyAne phALe jAya che. huM tyAM gayA na haiAta, ane tyAM gayA chatAM temane sacetana sahakAra maLyA na hota, tA mAruM A kAma DhIlamAM paData, ane kAMIka pAMgaLuM tA raheta ja. teo mArA vidyArthI teA che ja, paNa tethI ya vadhAre mArA sahRdaya sakhA che. eTale AbhAra zabda na lakhatAM atre mAtra temanu smaraNa ja pUratuM che. kAcA kharaDA karI lIdhA pachI paNa tenA upara aneka rIte hAtha ajamAvavAnA hAya che. huM te chuM te paracakSupratyaya, paNa mane aneka cakSuSmAna mitro maLI rahe che. amadAvAda AvIne e kAcA kharaDA uparathI pAku lakhANa taiyAra karavA sudhImAM aneka mitroe sadbhAvapUrvaka madada ApI che. te badhAMnuM nAmeAlekhapUrvaka smaraNa karI jagyA rokatA nathI. paNa traNa nAmeAnA ullekha karyA vinA na ja rahI zaku, gujarAta vidyAsabhA--bhA. je. vidyAbhavananA adhyakSa ane vividha viSayAnA talasparzI vidvAna zrIyuta rasikalAla che. parIkha, e mArA ciramitra ane cirasAthI paNa kharA. huM jyAre paNa kAMIka gaMbhIra lakhu` ke vicAru' tyAre temanI sa`matinI mudrA pachI ja ene prakAzamAM mUkavAnuM haMmezAM vicAratA Avyo chuM. tethI meM mArAM A pAMce vyAkhyAna temane vacAvyAM. temaNe sa'mati ApI ane yatrataMtra sudhAraNAnI sUcanA paNlR karI. temanA A kAryanuM mAre mana bahu mATuM mUlya che. DA. indukalA eca. jhaverI, je mArAM vidyArthinI paNa che, temaNe vyAkhyAnAnI pAkI nakala karavAmAM te khUba jahemata lIdhelI ja, paNa sUcinuM aTapaTuM ane ka'TALAbharelu' kAma paNa temaNe ja karI ApyuM che. vaDodarA yunivarsiTInA gujarAtI vibhAganA adhyakSa ane oNriyenTala insTiTayUTanA DirekaTara, mArA yuvAna mitra Do. bhAgIlAla sAMDesarAnA prathamathI ja anurodha hatA ke mAre A vyAkhyAna mATenA AmaMtraNane svIkAravu'. meM e svIkAra karyAM. vyAkhyAne ApavA vaDAdarA gayA tyAre emane ja tyAM rahyo-joke te pote te vakhate amerikAmAM hatA, paNa temanAM patnI zrImatI candrakAntA, e temanAM sAcAM pratinidhi siddha thayAM. A rIte A vyAkhyAne mATenA Ama traNanA svIkArathI mAMDI e apAyAM ane graMthastha thayAM tyAM sudhInI lAMkhI prakriyAmAM sAMDesarA kuTunA mamatAbharyA sAtha rahyo che, tenuM smaraNa karyA vinA mArAthI A purAvacana pUruM karI zakAya tema che ja nahIM. saritnuMja, amadAvAda-9 tA. 18-11-1958 amadAvAda, } khIjI AvRtti vakhate kazuM umeravAnuM nathI. tA. 17-11-'71 sukhalAla sukhalAla

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nivedana anukramaNikA purAvacana...........paDita sukhalAlajI vyAkhyAna 1 tattvavidyA, tenA prAraMbha ane tenA viSayA (jagata, jIva, Izvara) pR. 1 thI 14 tattva zabdanA arthA~2; satyaniSThA-3; dAnA arthanI mImAMsA-5; grIka ane bhAratIya tattvaciMtananA saMbadha-9; tattvaciMtananA vikAsakrama-11. vyAkhyAna 2 kArya-kAraNabhAva--tattvajJAnanA pAmyA ane pramANazaktinI maryAdA pR. 15 thI 31 kArya-kAraNabhAvanA bhUmikAbheda-15; sAmAnya ane vizeSanI upapatti-18; satkArya ane asatkArya vAdanI samajUtI-ra1; AraMbha Adi cAra vAdAnAM lakSaNoH AraMbhavAda-22; pariNAmavAda-22; pratItyasamupAvAda-22; vivavAda-23; pramANuzaktinI vicAraNA-23; pramANunI svataMtra carcA vinAnA yuga ane enI svataMtra carcAvALA yuga-26; uttarakAlIna darzanasAhityanAM khAsa lakSaNA-28; vicAraNAnI preraka daSTi-29; danAnAM vividha vI karaNA-30. vyAkhyAna 3 jagata-acetana tattva jagatanA viSe cArvAkadaSTi-32; sUkSma kAraNanI zeAdhanAM prasthAne-33; jagata svarUpa ane kAraNu vize sAMkhyadaSTi-35; jagatanA svarUpa ane kAraNa vize brahmavAdI daSTi-37; jagatanA svarUpa ane kAraNa vize vaizeSika dRSTi-38; jagatanA svarUpa ane kAraNu vize jaina dRSTi-40; jagatanA svarUpa ane kAraNa vize bhinna bhinna bauddha dRSTi-41; jagatanA svarUpa paratve mahAyAnI ane kevalAdvaitI dRSTinI tulanA-46; upasaMhAra-49. vyAkhyAna 4 jIva-cetanatattva bhUtacaitanyavAdI cArvAka-50; svataMtra caitanyavAda bhaNI prasthAna-para; jIva svarUpa paratve jaina dRSTi-53; jIva paratve jaina daSTi sAthe sAMkhya-yeganI tulanA-54; jIva paratve jaina ane sAMkhyayoga sAthe nyAya-vaizeSika daSTinI tulanA-56; jIva vize bauddha dRSTie 60; jIvasvarUpa vize aupaniSada vicAradhArA-66; pratibiMbavAda-69; avacchedavAda-69; brahmajIvavAda-69. pR 32 thI 49 pU. 50 thI 70

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vyAkhyAna 5 Izvaratattva 5, 7 thI 94 prAstAvika-71; Izvara viSe mAhezvara mate-72; Izvara viSe nyAya-vaizeSika daSTi-72; Izvara viSe sAMkhya-ga paraMparA-74; Izvara viSe mavadaSTi-75; Izvara viSe pUrvamImAMsaka daSTi-06; Izvara viSe sAMkhya, jaina ane bauddha daSTie-76; Izvara viSe pUrvanirdiSTa dRSTionA mukhya mukhya muddA-78; Izvara viSe brahmavAdI darzane -79; Izvara saMbaMdhI vividha mAnyatAone sAra-88; darzana ane jIvana-89. sUci pR. 95 thI 103

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kAraNa ka ra 1 smans if da ri 1 no iit a it' . 8 Clip RATES BE BE ka to hato paNa rIte kare che, te ja divasamAM karavAmAM AvI che What if I ke bIjI koI - a ne - * I firm thI 10 karAI mAM nA parAnI I - lai 3 M : - a ve R. ja 43 - - ' ' // RE! karI 2 3 lo . ' 'h' is 1 - jANa thaI ke karI ' tArA - mAdhI R. | - kAma " / - ke tAja che T - [S vAya na karI rAte 11 E - kera che ke kalara 8 - A LL che ETE : na =jAma - ' che nAna ne, paMDita sukhalAlajI saMghavI

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vyAkhyAna 1 tattvavidyA, tene prAraMbha ane tenA viSaya (jagata, jIva, Izvara) mAre viSaya che tattvavidyA ane te paNa bhAratIya. bhAratamAM je tatvacintana thayu, je Aja lagI aneka rUpe sacavAI rahyuM, vikasyuM ane bhAratanI bahAra paNa vistaryuM tene ItihAsa jeTaluM lAMbe che teTale ja ane kadAca tethIya vadhAre recaka tema ja utsAhapreraka paNa che. AnI vigatavAra carcAnuM A sthAna nathI ane mArI paNa maryAdA che. tethI e vize keTalAka khAsa mahatvanA che evA ja prazna ane muddA paratve huM mAruM dhyAna kendrita karavA IcchuM chuM. vizvanA vistAra, laMbANa ane UMDANamAM nathI Adi ke anta ane Adi ke anta na hovAne kAraNe ja enuM madhyabindu kayuM, e paNa kahI na zakAya. A rIte samagra vizva ja nahi paNa temAM rahelI nAnAmAM nAnI gaNAtI eka eka vastu yA temAM banatI eka eka ghaTanA enA pUrNa svarUpamAM gUDha che, agamya che. enI gUDhatA evI niHsIma ane ananta che ke mAnavajAtinA keTalAya yugonA keTalAya prayatna chatAM, eka rIte, e gUDhatA ane agamyatA hajIye pUrA ane yathArtha rUpamAM ukelI zakAI nathI, ane kyAreya pUrNapaNe ukelAze evI pratyAzA paNa bhAgye ja rahe che. paraMtu bIjI bAjue mAnavabuddhi ane enI jijJAsA, e be vastuo evI che ke 1. naivAgraM nAvaraM yasya tasya madhya kuto bhavet / mAdhyamikakArikA. 11.2 AdAvante ca yannAsti vartamAne'pi tat tathA / mANDUkyakArikA. 2.6. jassa natthi purA pacchA majjJe tassa kao siyA ? mAra/. 1.4.4, 2. yato vAco nivartante aprApya manasA saha / taittirIyopaniSad. 2.4. savve sarA niyanti / takA jattha na vijii| maI tattha na gaahiyaa| bhAvAra. 1.6.6. iyaM visRSTiryata AbabhUva yadi vA dadhe yadi vA na / yo asyAdhyakSaH parame vyoman tso aMga veda yadi vA na veda // Ave, nAsIyasUm. 10.126.7

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te gUDha ane agamya lekhAtI game te vastuonA svarUpane tAga levAne puruSArtha karyA vinA jaMpatI ja nathI. mAnavIya jijIviSA e mAtra zArIrika jIvana, bhautika jIvana ke prajAtaMtunA jIvananI game teTalI samRddhithI paNa saMtoSAtI nathI. enI jijIviSAnAM mULa UMDAM che. te mULa eTale ajJAtane jANavuM jANavuM te paNa asaMdigdha ane abrAnta. eTaluM ja nahi, paNa je jJAta thayuM hoya tene sAcavavuM, tenI punaHpunaH parIkSA karavI ane temAMthI UbhA thatA navA prazno vize pAchI zedha yasAvI. niviSAnai Ni bhUgoye manuSya ne potA vize ajarAmaravat prAjJo vidyAmartha ca cintayet sevA bhAvanA sevato ||nnyo . se mAnAne sIdhe manuSye mAyane avagata karavAnA prayatna karyA che. e prayatnanI hAramALA te ja vidyA. tattva zabdanA artho ___ tattvaM brahmaNi yAthAyeM-4 42 tatvahanI sakSepamA mAniza kare che ke tattva eTale brahma ane vastunuM yathArtha svarUpa. ema te tattva zabda 1. aparapratyayaM zAntaM prapaJjarai prapazcitam / nirvikalpamanAnArthametat tattvasya lakSaNam // evaM tAvadAryANAM jAtijarAmaraNasaMsAraparikSayAya kRtakAryANAM tattvalakSaNam / laukikaM tu tattvalakSaNamadhikRtyocyate pratItya yad yadbhavati na hi tAvat tadeva tat / na cAnyadapi tat tasmAnnocchinnaM nApi zAzvatam // mAdhyamikakArikA. 18.9,10, kiM punastattvam ? satazca sadbhAvo'satazcAsadbhAvaH / satsaditi gRhyamANaM yathAbhUtamaviparItaM tattvaM bhavati / asaccAsaditi gRhyamANaM yathAbhUtamaviparItaM tattvaM bhavati // nyAyabhASya. 1.1.1. kiM punastattvam ?...tattvaM padArthAnAM yathAvasthitAtmapratyayotpattinimittatvaM, yo yathAvasthitaH padArthaH sa tathAbhUtapratyayotpattinimittaM bhavati yat tat tattvam / nyAyavArtika. 1.1.1. dravyasya hi tattvamavikriyA, parAnapekSatvAt / vikriyA na tattvaM, parApekSatvAt / taittirIyopaniSad zAkarabhASya. pR. 381. prakRtyapekSatvAt pratyayasya bhAvasAmAnyasaMpratyayaH tattvavacanAt // 5 // tadityeSA prakRtiH sAmAnyAbhidhAyinI sarvanAmatvAt / pratyayazca bhAve utpdyte| kasya bhAve ? tadityanena yo'rtha ucyte| kazcAsau ? sarvo'thaH / atastadapekSatvAdbhAvasya bhAvasAmAnyamucyate tattvazabdena / yo'rtho yathAvasthitastathA tasya bhavanamityarthaH / tattvArtharAjavArtikam. 1.2.5.

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aneka sthaLoe jude jude prasaMge aneka arthomAM vaparAyele dekhAya che, paNa upara sUcita be arthomAM Itara arthonI chAyAne saMgraha thaI jAya che. ahIM brahmano artha mULa kAraNa laIe ane yathArthatAne bhAva kaI paNa vastu yA ghaTanAnI yathAvatuM sthiti-mULa sAthe saMvAdI sthiti-laI e te pachI bIjA arthone bhAva samajavAnuM saheluM banI jAya che. tattva arthanA "mULa kAraNa" ane "yathArthatA" evA je be prakAre (Ontological ane Epistemological) phalita thayA che te mAnavIya jijJAsAnuM valaNa sUcave che. pahelethI ja e jijJAsA vizvanI ghaTanAonA mULa kAraNane jANavA abhimukha rahI che. mAnavabuddhinA vikAsane je itihAsa enI kRtio uparathI phalita thAya che te eka tattvavidyA zabdathI ja sUcavAya che. e vikAsanuM paheluM sopAna te avidyA yA ajJAnane game te rIte sAmane kare, ene nivAravuM yA ochuM karavuM. bIjuM sopAna eTale ajJAna nivArI mAtra jJAna meLavavuM eTaluM ja nahi, paNa meLaveluM jJAna bhrama ane saMzayathI paNa para che evI khAtarI karavI te. triIjuM pAna eTale mAtra upara uparanI hakIktamAM ja santuSTa na rahetAM enA kAraNanI gaSaNa karavI, ane gaSaNa paNa antima kAraNa paryanta. - vikAsanAM A traNa pAna yathAsaMbhava siddha karavAmAM aneka yuganI ane aneka sammadAnI aneka vyaktionA puruSArthane phALe che. enA pratIkarUpe je lagabhaga traNa hajAra varSa jeTaluM te jU nuM sAhitya ApaNI sAme che tene nirvivAda eka sUra e che ke satya ja zodhavuM, satya ja cintavavuM, satya ja bolavuM ane satya ja AcaravuM. satyaniSThA praznopaniSadamAM chaThTho prazna pUchanAra sukeza bhAradvAja che. te potAnA guru pippalAdane pitAne prazna pUchatI vakhate je eka vAta kahe che te jijJAsunA hRdayamAM rahelI satya-jhaMkhanAnI dyotaka che. sukezA gurune kahe che ke mArI pAse eka vAra hiraNyanAbha kausalya rAjaputra AvyuM ane mane pUchayuM ke tuM Dizakala evA puruSane jANe che? meM e rAjaputrane kahyuM-huM nathI jANate. je huM jANate hota te tane kema na kaheta? je jUThuM bole che te mULamAMthI ja sukAI jAya che, nAza pAme che. A sukezAe rAjaputrane ApelA javAbamAM ajJAnanI kabUlAta 1. atha hainaM sukezA bhAradvAjaH pprcch| bhagavanhiraNyanAbhaH kausalyo rAjaputro mAmupetyetaM prshnmpRccht| SoDazakalaM bhAradvAja puruSaM vettha ? tamahaM kumAramabruvaM nAhamimaM veda / yadyahamimamavediSaM kathaM te nAvakSyamiti / samUlo vA eSa parizuSyati yo'nRtamabhivadati / tasmAnnAmyinRtaM vaktum / sa tUSNIM rathAmAruhya pravavAja / taM tvAM pRcchAmi kvAsau puruSa iti // praznopaniSad, SaSTha prazna.

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ane satyaniSThA bhArebhAra dekhAya che. satyakAma jAbAlanI vAta bahu jANItI che. ene enI mAtA enA pitA vize kazI ja mAhitI na Ape ane chatAM e kumAra guru pAse, che tevI hakIkata rajU kare tyAre vidvAna ane satyapriya guru e kumAranI mAtra satyaniSThAne kAraNe ja satyakAma kahI pratiSThA kare ane haMmeza mATe dAkhala besADe ke sAcuM brAhmaNatva satyaniSThAmAM raheluM che, te hakIkta guru-ziSya paraMparAmAM satyanuM keTaluM UMcuM sthAna hatuM enI sUcaka che. upaniSadamAM AvAM te satyaniSThA sUcavatAM aneka AkhyAne che. ahIM IzAvAsyane e zAzvata maMtra yAda AvyA vinA rahetuM nathI ? hiraNmayena pAtreNa satyasyApihitaM mukham / tat tvaM pUSannapAvRNu satyadharmAya dRSTaye // 15 // AmAM kaSi pUSana-deva pratye prArthanA karatAM mAgaNI kare che te e che ke je kAMI satyanuM prabhaka AvaraNa heya te dUra kara, jethI satyanuM bhAna karAvanAra daSTi UghaDe. - siddhArtha gautame cha varSanI kaThora sAdhanA zA mATe karI ? javAba eka ja che ke satya jANavA. jyAre siddhArtha mRgadAva vanamAM potAne tyajI gayelA pUrva pAMca sAthIo samakSa pahelavahelA jAya che ane teo tene sAMbhaLavA tatpara dekhAtA nathI tyAre buddha temane eka ja veNathI jItI le che. te veNa eTale e ke zuM bhikSuo, huM tamArI samakSa kadI mRSA bele zuM ? A eka ja veNathI pelA bhikSuo. jitAI gayA. e veNamAM baLa kayuM hatuM? eka ja baLa ane te satyazodha ane satyaniSThAnuM. ApaNe mahAvIranA nAmathI aparicita nathI. te kSatriyaputre bAra varSa lagI ugra sAdhanA karI. te dhArata te tyAganA pahelA divasathIye dharmopadezanuM kAma 1. taM hovAca kiMgotro nu somyaasiiti| sa hovAca nAhametadvaMdva bho yadgotro'hamasmi / apRcchaM maatrN| sA mA pratyabravId, bahvahaM carantI paricAriNI yauvane tvaamlbhe| sA'hametanna veda yadgotrastvamasi jabAlA tu nAmAhamasmi, satyakAmo nAma tvamasIti / so'haM satyakAmo jAbAlo'smi bho iti // 4 // taM hovAca naitadabrAhmaNo vivaktumarhati samidhaM somyAharopa tvA neze ja satyAdA rUti... chAndogyopaniSad. 4.4.4. 2. evaM vutte bhagavA paJcavaggyibhikkhU etadavoca-" abhijAnAtha me no tumhe bhikkhave ito pubbe evarUpaM bhAsitaM etaM ti| no he'taM bhante ti arahaM tathAgato smmaasNbuddho|" mahAva. 1.1.7.

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prArabhI zakta. paNa nA. te sAdhakanA leAhImAM ane prANamAM eka vastu ekarasa thaI hatI ke jyAM lagI AtmabaLe satyanI zodha pUrI na thAya ane pUrA AtmavizvAsa na jAme tyAM lagI tattvanA upadeza na ja thAya. satyajJAnanI AvI adamya ane utkaTa jhaMkhanA mAtra AdhyAtmika zodhake pUratI ja maryAdita nathI rahI; e a'khanA vidyAnA ekeeka kSetramAM vyApelI dekhAya che. kaI zabdazAstranA abhyAsI hAya tAya te zabdavidyAnA prameyAne yathAsa'bhava aMta sudhI jANavA prayatna karaze. e ja vastu jyAtiSa, vaidyaka, arthazAstra Adi itara vaijJAnika vidyAone lAgu paDe che. 5 dananA anI mImAMsA tattvavidyA eTale mukhyapaNe adhyAtmavidyA. emAM adhibhUta ( khAhya ), adhidaiva ( Antara ) viSayeA Ave che avazya; paNa chevaTe emanuM nirUpaNa adhyAtmavidyAmAM pavasAna pAme che. tethI bIjAM badhAM nirUpaNA chevaTe adhyAtmalakSI hAI adhyAtmavidyAnA aMga-pratya'ga ja banI rahe che. ,, tattvavidyA, adhyAtmavidyA yA parAvidyA' darzana ' zabdathI paNa vyavahArAya che. bhAratIya bhASAomAM "gdarzana ", " dAnika sAhitya " yA " dAnika vidyAna" jevA zabdo pracalita che ane te badhA sIdhI rIte adhyAtmavidyA sAthe sabaMdha dharAve che. ahIM prazna e che ke darzana zabdanA pracalita ane siddha artha te che cakSu nya jJAna; kema ke cAkSuSa jJAnanA kheAdhaka haiM. dhAtu uparathI te zabda niSpanna thayelA che. te pachI te atIndriya adhyAtmajJAna a mAM kaI STithI vaparAtA thayA ? AnA uttara upaniSadanAM keTalAMka vAkyeAmAMthI ADakatarI rIte paNa maLI rahe che. upaniSadomAM hirindriyAnI zaktinuM khaLAbaLa yA tAratamya darzAvatAM kahyuM che ke vakSurve satyam ( bRha. 5. 14. 4. ) vakSurve pratiSThA ( bRha. 6. 1. 3. ). koI AkhatamAM vivAda UbhA thatAM niNya mATe sAkSInI jarUra paDe. te vakhate be sAkSI upasthita thAya, jemAMthI eke e ghaTanA vize mAtra sAMbhaLyuM hoya ane khIjAe e ghaTanA najaronajara nihALI hAya; tyAre sAMbhaLanAra karatAM jonAra upara ja vadhAre vizvAsa mukAya che ane tenI vAta sAcI manAya che. A rIte zravaNa-indriya karatAM cakSunuM prAmANya vadhAre manAya che. e ja rIte cakSu ja eka evI indriya che, je sama-viSama sthAnenuM yA uccAvaca pradezanuM antara darzAvI manuSya tema ja prANImAtrane skhalita thatAM rAkI sthiratA yA pratiSThA Ape che. A rIte anya 1. ... cakSurvai satyaM cakSurhi vai satyaM tasmAdyadidAnIM dvau vivadamAnAveyAtAmahamadarzamahamazrauSamiti / ya evaM brUyAdahamadarzamiti tasmA eva zradhyAma tadvai tatsatyaM ...

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indriyonI sarakhAmaNImAM cakSunuM sthAna satyanI ane samatvanI najIka vadhAremAM vadhAre che, ema upaniSada sUcave che. tethI ja anya Indriyajanya jJAna karatAM netrajanya jJAna, je darzana tarIke jANItuM che, tenuM sthAna utkRSTa che. vyavahAramAM darzanane mahimA hevAthI ja sAkSI zabdano artha paNa sAkSAt draSTA e ja vayAkaraNae karyo che.' vyAvahArika ane sthaLa jIvanamAM darzana e satyanI najIka vadhAremAM vadhAre hovAthI te ja darzana zabda adhyAtmajJAnanA arthamAM vaparAye. trASi, kavi yA gIoe AtmA-paramAtmA jevI atIndriya vastuone sAkSAtkAra karyo hoya, arthAt jemane evI vastuonI bAbatamAM akSetya ne asaMdigdha pratIti thaI hoya teo draSTA tarIke oLakhAya che. AdhyAtmika padArthonuM temanuM sAkSAt Akalana e satyaspazI hoI darzana kahevAya che. A rIte adhyAtmavidyAnA arthamAM pracalita darzana zabdane phalitArtha e thayo ke AtmA, paramAtmA Adi IndriyAtIta che. darzana e jJAnazuddhinI ane tenI satyatAnI parAkASThA che. darzana eTale jJAnazuddhine paripAka. A rIte ApaNe joyuM ke adhyAtmavidyAnA arthamAM rUDha thayela darzana zabdane asalI-mULa ze bhAva che. kiM punastatsatyamityucyate-cakSuvai satyam / kathaM cakSuH satyamityAha-prasiddhametaccakSurhi vai satyam / kathaM prasiddhatetyAha-tasmAt-yadyadIdAnImeva dvo vivadamAnau viruddha vadamAnAveyAtAmAgaccheyAtAmahamadarza dRSTavAnasmItyanya AhAhamazrauSaM tvayAdRSTaM na tathA tadva stviti / tayorya evaM bUyAdahamadrAkSamiti, tasmA eva zraddadhyAma / na punaryo brUyAdahamazrauSamiti / zroturmaSA zravaNamapi saMbhavati / na tu cakSuSo mRSA darzanam / tasmAnnAzroSamityuktavate zraddadhyAma / tasmAtsatyapratipattihetutvAtsatyaM cakSuH / bRhadAraNyakopaniSad, zAMkarabhASya. 5.14.4, cakSuvai prtisstthaa| cakSuSA hi same ca durge pratitiSThati... yadyevamucyatA kA'so pratiSThA / cakSurvai pratiSThA / kathaM cakSuSaH pratiSThAtvamityAha-cakSuSA hi sabhe ca durge ca dRSTA pratitiSThati / " bRhadAraNyakopaniSad , zAMkarabhASya. 6.1.3. 1. "sAkSAt draSTA" sAkSAto dracarimAI rUna nAni catu. sAkSI ! siddhahema (raghuvRtti). .1.11. A vastu sabhAparvagata dhRtaparvamAM vidura sabhA samakSa eka prAcIna saMvAda varNavatAM bahu suMdara rIte rajU karI cheH samasanAta sAThya travAti dharayta . tamatsalya vansAkSI dhamAM na rIte . (2. 61. 6.)

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paraMtu A sAthe bIjA muddAo paNa saMkaLAyelA che. teya vicAravA jevA che. tattvavidyA ane tattvadarzana jevA zabdonI peThe bIjA paNa keTalAka zabda e ja arthamAM prayukta thAya che, jema ke tatvacintana, tattvavicAraNA, tattvajijJAsA ane tattvajJAna Adi. upara uparathI jenArane te ema ja lAge ke darzana, tattvacintana Adi ukta zabdo paryAya hoI eka arthanA bedhaka che, paNa zAstra ane anubhavanI maryAdAthI tapAsIe te vastusthiti jarA judI che. e vastusthiti jANIe te ja samajAya ke darzana jevI jJAnazuddhinI sarvopari bhUmikAe pahoMcavA mATe keTale ane ke mAnasika vyApAra karavo paDe che ane te vyApAranAM mukhya mukhya kayAM pAna che, tema ja darzana ane tattvacintana Adi ukta zabdonI artha chAyAmAM zuM antara che. atIndriya vastuonuM darzana saune kAMI ekAeka thatuM nathI. tyAM sudhI pahoMcavAne kama che. enAM mukhyapaNe traNa se pAna che. pahelAM te anubhavIe pAsethI athavA anubhavIone saMgRhIta ugAro uparathI je tattvanA darzananI lAlasA hoya te vize jANavuM paDe che. A thaI zravaNabhUmikA. je sAMbhaLyuM ane te uparathI kAMIka samajAyuM tenA upara tarka, nyAya tema ja yuktine AdhAre vadhAre cintana-manana karavuM paDe che. A thaI bIjI bhUmikA. tyAra bAda vizeSa ekAgrapaNe ane kalezamukta citte vastunA hArdamAM pravezavAne prayatna karavo paDe che. A thaI trIjI bhUmikA. A traNa bhUmikAo yathAvat siddha na thAya tyAM lagI darzana yA sAkSAtkAranI bhUmikA kadI siddha thatI ja nathI; ane e traNa bhUmikAo siddha thaI te pachI darzana prApta thatAM vilaMba thatuM nathI. A rIte joIe te darzana e tattvabedhanuM zikhara che ane pahelAMnI traNa bhUmikAe e enAM kramika pAna che. tattvajijJAsA, tattvacintana, tattvavicAraNA ane tattvamImAMsA jevA zabdo e darzananI kakSA pahelAne mAnasika vyApAra sUcave che; nahi ke darzana-vyApAra parantu draSTA virala hoya che, jyAre adhyAtmajijJAsu ghaNuM saMbhave che. keI pahelI bhUmikAmAM hoya ke keI bIjI yA trIjI bhUmikAmAM, paNa e badhA darzanAbhimukha hovAthI 1. AtmA vA are draSTavyaH zrotavyo mantavyo nididhyaasitvyH| maitreyi ! Atmano vA are darzanena zravaNena matyA vijJAnenedaM sarvaM viditam // __ bRhadAraNyakopaniSad. 2.4.5. AgamenAnumAnena dhyAnAbhyAsarasena ca / tridhA prakalpayan prajJAM labhate yogamuttamam // comUtra. 1.48 bhASyamAM uddata

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temane pUrvavartI kramika mAnasika vyApAra darzana tarIke vyavahArAya che, ane tethI ja ghaNI vAra darzananA paryAya tarIke tattvacintana, tattvavicAraNA, tattvajijJAsA jevA zabdo lekavyavahAramAM ja nahi, paNa zAstro sudhdhAMmAM vaparAtA dekhAya che. ATalI lAMbI carcAne uddeza e che ke ApaNe darzana ane tatvaciMtana Adi zabdanA arthanI chAyAnuM attara barAbara samajI laIe. ghaNI vAra A samajaNa na hovAne kAraNe ApaNe mAtra zravaNa, manana yA nididhyAsanane darzana samajI laI tene AdhAre ja atima satyane dAvo karIne yA te santuSTa thaI jaIe chIe yA bIjA sAthe matabheda thatAM durAgraha sevatA thaI jaIe chIe. tattvadarzana e kharI rIte gijJAna che. je tammarA prajJA yA kevaLajJAnadarzananA nAme judI judI paraMparAomAM jANItuM che. paNa e sAthe ja badhI paraMparAomAM evA darzana vinA paNa evA darzana pratye sevAtI daDha zraddhAneya dazana tarIke jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che, paraMtu A atIndriya vastuonA sAkSAt darzana vinAnI te pratyenI zraddhA e te gauNa, vyavahAru yA pakSadarzana kahevAya. eka bAbata e paNa samajI levI ghaTe che ke adhyAtmavidyA nirUpatAM je je darzanazAstro che, temAM paNa moTA bhAganuM nirUpaNa zravaNa, cintana ane manana keTinuM, kyAreka nididhyAsana keTinuM paNa hoya che. A kame darzana zabda mULa cAkSuSa anubhava mATe, pachI atidezathI atispaSTa evA cakSunirapekSa mane gata anubhava mATe siddha tha. e pachI A atispaSTa mane gata anubhavanI zraddhA mATe ane e ja krame tenAM sAdhaka tarka, UhApoha Adi ane tene nirUpatA graMtho mATe pracAramAM AvyuM. - tethI ja tevAM zAstro adhyAtmalakSI hovA chatAM paraspara prabaLa matabhedavALAM ane ekamekanI ugra samAlocanA karatAM paNa dekhAya che. atima darzananI bAbatamAM matabheda na hoya tyAMya zAstramAM dekhAtA matabheda, vivAda ane samAlocanano khulAse A ja che. 1. RtambharA tatra prajJA / zrutAnumAnaprajJAbhyAmanyaviSayA vizeSArthatvAt / yojAsUtra. 1,48-41. mohakSayAt jJAnadarzanAvaraNAntarAyakSayAcca kevalam / tAvArtha. 10.1 kusalacittasampayuttaM vipassanA ANaM pA / vizuddhi. 14.2. tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam / tAvArtha 1.2. 3. darzane zabdanA vividha arthonI carcA mATe juo, mAre hindI lekhasaMgraha "rzana mora vintara', pR. 67-68.

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9 sAmAnya rIte Aja sudhImAM manAtuM rahyuM che ke tattvacintananAM prAraMbhika khIjaka RgvedanAM keTalAMka sUktomAM che. AvI dhAraNA vicArakane ema mAnavA prere che ke jANe tattvacintananA prArabha te te sUktonA RRAethI ja thayeA hAya para tu have A dhAraNAmAM sudhArA thavA mAMDyo che. jyArathI sindhusaMskRti ane drAviDasaMskRtinI zeAdha viSe carcA zarU thaI ane sindhusaMskRtinA dharma ane upAsanAviSayaka maLI AvatA avazeSo viSe vicAra thavA lAgyA tema ja vaidika AryAnA Agamana tema ja prasaraNa pahelAMnA yugamAM taLapada bhAratIya leAkeAnA AcAra-vicAra viSe kAMika sabaLa anumAneA thavA lAgyAM, tyArathI have vicArakAne vadhAre ne vadhAre cAkkasapaNe ema samajAtuM jAya che ke e vedaprAkkAlIna sindhu ane drAviDasa'skRtinA AcAra-vicAraviSayaka pravAha uttarakAlIna prajAonA AcAra-vicAramAM keTaleka aMze AvI gayelA che, rUpAntara pAmyA che; paNa enA samUla nAza thayA nathI, thavAnA saMbhava paNa nathI. e kharuM che ke sindhusaMskRtinA avazeSomAM je lipibaddha azA che tenA asaMdigdha artha hajI sudhI tAravI zakAyA nathI. e prAcIna drAviDasindhusa skRtinA kayA aMze! keve rUpe uttarakAlIna sAhityamAM sacavAI rahyA che, e nakkI karavAnuM kAma hajI bAkI che ane ghaNuM zramasAdhya paNa che. A uparAMta DaoN. devadatta bhAMDArakare emanA 'Some Aspects of Ancient Indian Culture ' pustakamAM vedasAhityanuM pRthakkaraNa karI vedaprApkAlIna bhAratanA pUrvapradezanI dharmasa'skRtinI je zakayatA batAvI che te paNa neAMdhavI joI e. grIka ane bhAratIya tattvaciMtanane saMbadha sAmAnya rIte ema manAya che ke grIka ane bhAratIya e e tattvacintananI dhArAe prAcIna che. vidvAne lAMkhA vakhata thayA vicAra karatA rahyA che ke A e vicAradhArAonA pArasparika kAMI sabadha che ke nahi. AvA prazna mULe teA prAzcAtya saMzodhake e ja UbhA karyAM. eneA uttara ApavAnI keziza paNa pahelavahelAM emaNe ja zarU karI. tyAra bAda ene uttara ApavAmAM bhAratIya vidvAnA paNa bhAga letA rahyA che. keTalAka jarmana ane bIjA vidvAne, peAtAnA tulanAtmaka adhyayanane maLe, ema mAnatA ke grIka tattvacintananI bhAratIya tattvacintana upara asara che; te gAme 2 jevA ema paNa mAnatA ke bhAratIya tattvacintananI grIka tattvacintana upara asara che. meksamUlare A prazna viSe ThIka ThIka UhApAha karyAM che. enuM cAkkasa matavya e che ke kAI eka vicAradhArAne bIjI vicAradhArA upara prabhAva paDyo g 1. Rgveda 1.164; 10.5, 27, 88, 129 Adi. 2. Philosophy of Ancient India (1897), pR. 32thI AgaLa 3. The Six Systems of Indian Philosophy (1903), pR. 18-67,

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che ema mAnavAne kaI cakkasa purAvA nathI. te ema kahe che ke grIka ane bhAratIya vicAradhArA vacce ghaNuM ja sAmya che; paNa mAtra e sAmya ekane bIjA upara prabhAva sAbita karavA pUratuM samartha nathI. ghaNIvAra mAnavajAtimAM jude jude sthaLe ane jude jude kALe sahaja rIte ja vicArasAmya udbhave che. tethI jyAM lagI asaMdigdha purAvAo na maLe tyAM lagI grIka ne bhAratIya tattvacintana samAntara, parasparanA prabhAva vinA pravRtta thayAM che, ema mAnavuM joIe. pUrvavata badhAM saMzodhanano vizeSa UhApoha karI Do. rAdhAkRSNane A praznanI chaNAvaTa vigate karI che. temaNe aMte pitAnuM maMtavya sthira karyuM che ke grIka tattvacintananI ghaNuM AdhyAtmika bAbate tema ja saMyamapradhAna jIvananI bAbate upara bhAratIya tattvacintana ane saMyamI jIvananI cokkasa asara che. eTaluM dhyAnamAM rahe ke paraspara prabhAva vizene A prazna e sikaMdara pahelAMnA samayane lakSIne che. sikaMdaranA AkramaNathI mAMDI grIka ane bhAratIya prajAone je saMbaMdha vadhAre ne vadhAre thate gaye tene lakSamAM letAM te ema mAnavAne aDacaNa nathI ke keTalIka bAbatamAM grIkee bhAratIya vicAra jhIlyA che, to bIjI keTalIka bAbatemAM bhAratIyae paNa grIka vicAre jhIlyA che. tattvacintananI bAbatamAM vidvAnoe eka muddo e paNa carco che ke pAzcAtya tattvacintana dharmadaSTithI nirapekSapaNe mULamAM zarU thayeluM; jyAre bhAratIya tatvacintana pahelethI dharmadaSTi sAthe saMkaLAyeluM rahyuM che. AnuM kAraNa, keTalAka pAzcAtya vidvAnane mate, e che ke cUpamAM khristI dharma eziyAmAMthI AvyA, jyAre tenI philasUphI grIka paraMparAmAMthI AvI. paNa ahIM bhAratamAM philasUphI darzana aMtargata hovAthI e kaI vibhAga hevAnI jarUra UbhI thaI na hatI. ema jaNAya che ke bhAratIya RSio jIvananA avibhAjya evA be- zraddhA ane medhA-aMze upara yathAyegya bhAra ApatA AvyA che. bhAratamAM je tattvajJAna jIvita rahevA pAmyuM che te dharmasaMpradAyanA Azrayane laIne ja. jene kaI dharmasaMpradAya astitvamAM na Avya athavA TakI na zakya te tattvajJAna nAmazeSa thaI gayuM che, jema ke cArvAka, AjIvaka jevA. tethI UlaTuM, je je tattvajJAne kaI ne kaI dharmasaMpradAyane Azraya lIdhe te te tattvajJAna dharmasaMpradAyanA baLAbaLa pramANe vikasatuM ane vistaratuM rahyuM che, jema ke bauddha, jaina, nyAya-vaizeSika, sAMkhya, pUrvottara-mImAMsA Adi. 9. Eastern Religion and Western Thought, Ch. IV.

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tattvaciMtanane vikAsakrama - tattvacintananA mukhya traNa viSaye manAya che? jagata, jIva ane Izvara. A traNa viSayanI AsapAsa aneka praznane UbhA thayA che ane dareka praznane aMge jhINI jhINI vigate paNa carcAI che. atyAra lagInuM bhAratIya darzana sAhitya jotAM, eTale ke samagrapaNe tattvacintana yA dArzanika cintana laI pRthakkaraNa karatAM, emAM be aMze najare paDe che. eka aMza tarka-kalpanAmUlaka cintanane ane bIje anubhavamUlaka cintanano. sAmAnya rIte buddhinuM kArya navI navI jijJAsAne anusarI te viSenuM samAdhAna zodhavAnuM hoya che. AvuM samAdhAna aneka vAra tarka-kalpanadvArA sadhAya che ane keIvAra anubhava dvArA paNa. anubhava karatAM tarka-kalpanane vistAra haMmezAM vadhAre ja rahevAne; paNa jyAM jyAM tatvacintanamAM anubhava hoya che, tyAM sarvatra tattvacintana pAkuM ane nakakara ja rahevAnuM, jema vijJAnamAM kaI paNa take yA hAIpathisisa prayogathI sAbita thAya to ja te vijJAnika siddhAnta bane che-praga vinAnI hAIpathisisa e mAtra kalpanA banI rahe che-tema tattvacintanamAM je aMza anubhavamUlaka hoya che te abAdhita ane chevaTe sarvamAnya banI rahe che, paNa je tattvacintanane anubhavanuM baLa nathI hatuM te tatvacintana mAtra kalpanAkeTimAM Ave che; game tyAre viruddha pramANa maLatAM e kalpanA tUTI javAnI ane e aMza bAdhita thavAne. AvI vastusthiti che. bhAratIya tattvacintanane kaI paNa pravAha laIe te emAM A banne aMze jovA maLaze, paNa emAMya kalpanamUlaka aMza vadhAre rahevAno. tethI ja ka9panamUlaka sthaLomAM badhA dArzanika pravAho paraspara vAdavivAda karatA AvyA che ne te dArzanika sAhityamAM vigate sthAna paNa pAmyA che. ApaNe te ahIM eTaluM ja samajavAnuM che ke dareka saMpradAyamAM tattvacintana cA darzanane nAme je ane jeTaluM maLI Ave che te badhuM anubhavamUlaka yA aMtima che ema mAnI levAnI bhUla na karIe. anubhavanI paNa kakSAe hoya che. koI anubhava eka kakSAne hoya, paNa e anubhavane chevaTane mAnI jyAre tarka-kalpananA baLa vaDe tenuM samarthana karavAmAM Ave che tyAre, mULamAM e anubhava amuka aMze yathArtha hovA chatAM, tene uparanI ke antima kakSAno mAnavA jatAM, tema ja mAtra tarka-kalpanane baLe te siddha karavA jatAM, ghaNI vAra tenI AMzika yathArthatA paNa vicArakonA dhyAnamAMthI sarI jAya che. A ja vastu jaina paribhASAmAM naya ane nayAbhAsarUpe varNavAI che.' tatvacintananI dizA pragatilakSI rahI che. te skUlamAMthI sUkSmamAM ane ee puNa saMgahao pADikamalakkhaNaM duveNhaM pi / tamhA micchaTThiI pattayaM do vi mUlaNayA // 13 //

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sUphamamAMthI sUkumatama-ema chevaTe agamyamAM virame che. jaina paribhASAne upaga karIne kahevuM hoya te ema kahI zakAya ke tattvavicAra dravya-sthUlathI zarU thaI chevaTe bhAva-sUkSmatama paryAya yA agamyamAM aMta pAme che. upalabdha bhAratIya darzanasAhityanuM aitihAsika tema ja tulanAtmaka adhyayana e vAtane purA pUruM pADe che. darzananA mukhya viSaye jagata, jIva ane Izvara e traNene laI enA vicAra paratve je vikAsa dekhAya che te ja ukta kathananI puSTi kare che. jagatanI racanA paratve prathama bhautika daSTibindu zarU thAya che. A daSTibindu dharAvanAra cArvAka hoya ke nyAyavaizeSika yA sAMkhya, jaina ane bauddha, e badhA eka yA bIje rUpe jagatane bhautikarUpa ja kalpI vicAratA rahyA che. teomAM aMdaroaMdara DeghaNo vicArabheda avazya che, chatAM mULa bAbatamAM e badhA samAna daSTi dharAve che. e mULa bAbata eTale dazyamAna vizva e koIne koI prakAranA bhautika dravyathI baneluM yA bhautika dravyamaya hoya che. A thaye jagata paratve adhibhUtavAda. paraMtu kAlakane bIjo eka adhicaitasika yA adhivijJAnavAda zarU thAya che. te vAda pramANe dazyamAna ke anubhUyamAna jagata e keI nakkara evAM bhautika dravyothI nirmita nathI, paNa e te eka mAtra vijJAnanuM svarUpa che. je vijJAna AMtarika che tene bAhyarUpe bhArate AkAra e jagata che. e AkAra vAstavamAM vijJAnathI bhinna nathI, ane chatAM bhinna bhAte hAI sAMvRta arthAta Arepita che. A pachI paNa eka navuM prasthAne Ave che. te prasthAna eTale adhyAtmavAda yA adhibrahmavAda. A vAda pramANe jagata e pAramArthika rUpe mAtra akhaMDa saccidAnaMdarUpa yA brahmarUpa che ane emAM anubhavAtI sthUlatA yA bhinnatA e mAtra mAyika che-apAramArthika che. jIva paratve paNa A ja vicAravikAsa dekhAya che. bhautikavAdI cArvAka jevA jIva-caMtanyanuM svataMtra vyaktitva na mAnatA, paNa ene kevala bhautika vikArarUpe Na ya taio atthi Nao Na ya sammattaM Na tesu paDipuNNaM / jeNa duve egatA vibhajamANA aNeganto // 14 // tamhA savve vi NayA micchAdiTThI sapakkhapaDibaddhA / aNNoNNaNissiA uNa havaMti sammattasabbhAvA // 21 // taha NiyayavAyasuviNicchiyA vi aNNoNNapakkhaniravekkhA / sammaIsaNasaI savve vi NayA Na pAveMti // 23 // NiyayavayaNija saccA savvanayA paraviyAlaNe mohA / te uNa Na divasamao vibhayai sacce va alie vA // 28 // sanmati, prathama kAMDa tathA mA kAMDa 3, gAthA 46-49.

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13 mAnatA ane anubhavAtA jIvanavyavahAra ghaTAvatA; paraMtu e cArvAka mAnyatAthI AgaLa janAra bIjA dAniko upasthita thayA, jee jIva yA cetananuM svataMtra vyaktitva mAnI tene bhautika dravyathI sarvathA bhinna mAne che. Ama chatAM evA svataMtra cetanavAdI dAnikonI vicArasaraNImAM kAMI ne kAMI bhautikatAnI chAyA sacavAI rahelI dekhAya che. jenA ke auddho jude jude nAme caitanyanuM svataMtra vyaktitva svIkAre che. tema chatAM temanA saMmata cetanatattvamAM zarIrAnusArI parimANanI hAnivRddhi ane bhUtatattvagata tvi-ahutva saMkhyA jevA bhautika aMzonI vAstavikatA rahI che. nyAyavaizeSika ane pacIsa ke chavvIsa tattvavAdI sAMkhye zarIrAnusArI hAnivRddhinI mAnyatAneA InkAra karyA; tema chatAM temane saMmata evA jIva, cetana yA AtmatattvamAM paNa bhautikatAnI amuka chAyA dekhAya ja che. nyAya-vaizeSika jIvane vyApaka ane phUTasthanitya mAne che, paNa tee vAstavamAM AtmatattvamAM evI keAI abhinna cetanA nathI mAnatA ke jethI e Atmatattva haMmezA saMvedana anubhavatuM rahe; temane mate muktidazAmAM e Atmatattva kevaLa jaDa ane phUTasthanitya AkAza jevA bhautika dravyanI kATinuM ja banI rahe che. alabatta, sAMkhyA jIva-puruSane svayaMsiddhacetana svarUpa mAne che, chatAM teene mate paNa puruSagata bahutva e eka bhautika guNanI chAyA che. vijJAnavAdIe jIvanuM svarUpa vijJAnasaMtatirUpa svIkAre che; ene koI sthAyI dravyarUpa nathI mAnatA, chatAM tee paNa evI saMtatinuM bahutva svIkAratA hAI bhautika guNanI chAyAnA vicArathI mukta nathI. jIvana svarUpa paratve tattvacintananuM A bIjuM seApAna kahevAya. enuM aMtima seApAna adhibrahmavAda che. te pramANe jIva ke jIvA e koI bhautika tattvanA vikAro nathI ane tee eka yA bIje rUpe svataMtra astitva dharAvanAra vyaktie paNa nathI. paNa e jIvA, AtmAe, puruSo ke vijJAnasa'tatie--je kahe te badhuM--eka mAtra akhaDa cetanAnuM aupAdhika svarUpa hoI mAtra kAlpanika bheda dharAve che. vastutaH jIvAmAM nathI zarIrAnusArI hAnivRddhi, nathI bhautika tattvagata khaDutva ke nathI emAM caitanyazUnya jaDatA--A rIte AtmatattvanA svarUpamAM paNa vicArane vikAsakrama dekhAya che. IzvaratattvanI khAkhatamAM paNa lagabhaga e ja sthiti dekhAya che. kayAreka Izvara eka svataMtra vyaktirUpe ane sRSTi-sahAranA kartArUpe kalpAyA. ema manAvA lAgyuM ke evA kartAdhartA Izvara na hoya te sRSTi na sarjAya ke na enuM taMtra niyamita cAle. kharI rIte Izvara viSenI AvI kalpanA e Adhibhautika kalpanA ja che; kema ke evA Izvarane sahasrazIrSa AdirUpe varNavAyela che; ane AgaLa jatAM tArkikAe enuM 1. sahasrazIrSA puruSaH sahasrAkSaH sahasrapAt / sa bhUmiM vizvato vRtvA'tyatiSThaddazAGgulam // Rgveda 10.90.1

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paramANumaya zarIra paNa svIkAryuM che. paraMtu krame krame Izvara eka bIjuM svarUpa paNa dhAraNa kare che te pramANe Izvara e sadAtana svataMtra vyakti hovA chatAM mAtra upAsyarUpe vicArAya che. paraMparAmAM je Izvaratatva che te mULamAM kaI kartAdhartArUpe nathI kalpAyuM, paNa sAdhakanA puruSArthamAM preraka bane evA eka zuddha Adarza upAsyarUpe kalpAyuM che, ane emAMthI bhautiktA sarI gaI che. A theye Izvara viSene adhiAdarzavAda. paNa tattvacintake tyAM ja na lyA. emaNe ethI paNa AgaLa phALa bharI kahyuM ke jIvanI peThe Izvara paNa pAdhika che. mULamAM pAramArthika tattva te eka ane akhaMDa saccidAnaMdarUpa ja che, paNa jema avidyAnI upAdhithI jene bheda dekhAya che, tema mAyAnI upAdhithI Izvara tattvanuM astitva juduM lekhavAnuM che, nahi ke vAstavika. A rIte joIe te jaNAya che ke dArzanika cintake jagata, jIva ane Izvara paratve uttarottara vicAranuM UMDANa ja keLavatA rahyA che. 1. sAkSAdadhiSThAtari sAdhye paramANvAdInAM zarIratvaprasaGga iti-kimidaM zarIratvaM yata prasajyate ? yadi sAkSAtprayatnavadadhiSTheyatvaM tadiSyata eva / nyAyakusumAJjali, paMcama stabaka kA0 2nI vRtti pR. 45 (cokhambA, 1912 ). 2. zarmavivAravAdaH puNavizeSa phrezvaH | tatra nitizaya sarvaracItram ! cArUtra. 1. 24-2". vistRta carcA mATe juo- Origin and Development of the Samkhya System of Thought-Pulinbihari Chakravarti, Calcutta, 1952, pR. 28-29, 65-69.

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vyAkhyAna 2 kAryakAraNabhAvatatvajJAnane pAye, ane pramANuzaktinI maryAdA tattvacintanane pAye che kArya-kAraNubhAvanI vicAraNuM. jyAM kArya-kAraNabhAvanI vicAraNA janma na le tyAM kadI tattvamImAMsAne udaya ja saMbhavita nathI. kArya-kAraNabhAvanI vicAraNA e deza temaja kALanI maryAdAmAM ja pravatIM zake. jema jema deza viSenuM avalokana vadhatuM, vistaratuM ane spaSTa thatuM jAya temaja kALaviSayaka anubhavane saMskAra vadhAre ne vadhAre samRddha temaja puSTa thatuM jAya, tema tema kAryakAraNubhAvanI vicAraNuM vadhAre ne vadhAre vistaratI javAnI. temAM UMDANa ane cekasAI paNa vadhAre ne vadhAre AvavAnAM. kArya-kAraNubhAvanI vicAraNAnA vikAsa, vistAra, ane saMzodhananI sAthe ja tattvacintananuM vartala paNa vistaravAnuM, vikasavAnuM ane vizeSa saMzodhita thavAnuM. AvA vistAra, vikAsa ane saMzodhanane lIdhe ja tattvacintanamAM navA navA citya viSaye umerAya che; enA svarUpacintanamAM paNa parivartana thatuM rahe che. jyAre deza-kALanI maryAdAthI para evI bhUmi viSe tatvacintake vicAra kare zarU kare che, tyAre tyAM temane kArya-kAraNabhAvanI kalpanA madada karI zakatI nathI, ane chatAMya evI bhUmi e tattvacintanane eka viSaya manAya che, jene tatvacintake agamya, anirvAcya yA avyAkRta zabdathI sUcave che. kAryakAraNabhAvane bhUmikAbheda kAya kene kahevAya? kAraNa e zuM? kAraNa kevA kevA prakAranAM heI zake? -ItyAdi kArya-kAraNabhAvane lagatuM cokkasa lakSaNazAstra che ke AgaLa jatAM racAya che. paNa e lakSaNe ane enA vibhAgo pUrA pADe evI vigate te veda, brAhmaNa, upaniSadu ane Agama-piTaka Adi granthamAM bahu spaSTapaNe ane ghaNI vAra 1. kAraNAbhAvAt kAryAbhAvaH / na tu kAryAbhAvAt kAraNAbhAvaH / vaizeSikadarzana 1.2.1-2 pratItyasamutpAda vize anuloma-pratimane vicAra mahAvaNa-mannakUvAnamutta-mAM che. vizuddhimAna pR. 363; 10.1.

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16 vigate carcAyelI che.1 A vigatAnuM adhyayana karatAM paNa ema samajAya che ke kAryakAraNa-bhAvanI vicAraNA IhaleAka, leAkAntara ane alaukika evI traNa bhUmikAone vyApe che. tethI karIne ema kahI zakAya ke tattvacintanamAM carcAtA viSayA paNa AvI traNa bhUmikAone sparze che. najIkanA ke dUranA deza-kALamAM banatI indriyagamya bhautika ghaTanAonuM anivAya paurvApaya joI ApaNe je kArya-kAraNabhAva karIe chIe te laukika keTinA che. eTale ke e kArya-kAraNabhAva samajavA mATe mukhyapaNe indriya-zaktinA AdhAra laI mana prayatna kare che. vyavahAramAM joI e chIe ke kapaDu e banAvaTa che ane eneA banAvanAra tathA e banAvaTanAM amuka sAdhano paNa che. AvuM nirIkSaNa manuSyamAM vizvaracanAnA kAraNanI jijJAsA utpanna kare che ane tene lIdhe te vizvamAM banatI navanavI ghaTanAonA kAraNa tarIke keAI ne kAI daivI sattva temaja evAM sUkSma upAdAnAne kalpe che. A thayA Ihalaukika kArya-kAraNabhAva. paNa manuSya e ja kArya-kAraNabhAvanA sa'skArothI prerAI vadhAre UMDuM cintana zarU kare che ane tene aneka prazno thAya che. tene ema lAge che ke A jIvanamAM je sAmAjika dharmAcAra yA naitika AcAra anusaravAmAM Ave che te zuM sAva niraka javAnA ? enuM pariNAma mAtra vartamAna jIvanamAM ja saMbhave ke tyAra bAda paNa ? e ja rIte prANIjagatamAM je sukha-duHkhanu tAratamya dekhAya che ke je saMskArabheda dekhAya che, te zuM mAtra hilaukika kArya- kAraNabhAvane ja adhIna che ke tenuM bIjuM paNa kAI niyAmaka kAraNa che?--A ane AnA jevA praznomAMthI punarjanma yA leAkAntaravAda viSe vicAra thavA lAgyA. A vAda pramANe jema hileAkamAM banatI pUrvApara ghaTanAo kArya-kAraNabhAvanA niyamane adhIna che, tema prANIjagatanu vaiSamya e paNa pUrvajIvananA saMskArane adhIna heAI leAkAntaraspazI kArya-kAraNabhAvanI keArTimAM paDe che. kArya-kAraNabhAvanuM vartula AthI AgaLa paNa vikasita thayuM che, jene alaukika zabdathI 1. asadvA idamagra AsIt / - taittirIyopaniSad 2.7. AtmA vA idameka evAgra AsInnAnyat - aitareyopaniSad. 1.1. bhidyate hRdayagranthizchidyante sarvasaMzayAH / kSIyante cAsya karmANi tasmindRSTe parAvare // muNDakopaniSad - 2.2.8. sadeva somye magra AsIt / - chAndogyopaniSad 6-2-1. prayAgapariNata, mizrasrapariNata ane visrasApati pudgala-- sthAnAMga sUtra 186, sthAnAMva-samAcAMga gujarAtI anuvAda, gujarAta vidyApITha, pR. 572.

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oLakhAvI zakAya. enI sImAmAM bhautika ghaTanAone khulAse vivakSita nathI, ke punarjanma yA lekAntaravAdanI vizeSe carcA nathI. paNa emAM taddana judI vicAraNA che. e vicAraNA eTale evI sthiti kaI rIte ane kayA kAraNathI nirmANa karI zakAya ke jyAM Ihaleka ane paralokane bheda ja na rahe. A alaukika bhUmine sparzate kArya-kAraNubhAva e kharI rIte AdhyAtmika zuddhino kArya-kAraNabhAva che. A rIte kAryakAraNabhAvanA vicAravikAsanAM traNa sopAne tattvacintanane paNu tribhUmika banAvyuM che. enI pahelI bhUmikAmAM IhalekaspazI-arthakAmapradhAna carcA mukhyapaNe che. bIjImAM pahelekaspazI carcA artha-kAma uparAMta pravartaka dharmapradhAna ane trIjImAM mokSa yA adhyAtmalakSI carcA nivartaka dharma pradhAna mukhyapaNe che. A rIte tattvacintanamAM punarjanmavAda ane mokSavAda banne dAkhala thatAM tattvacintananA svarUpe na ja AkAra lIdhe che. Apane ane A bhUmikAnAM udAharaNe darzanakALa pahelAMnA sAhityamAM sarvatra vikharAyelAM paDyAM che.' kArya-kAraNabhAva e sarvataMtrasiddhAnta hoI temAM koI dArzanikanI vipratipatti nathI. AMtara-bAhya vizvanuM kAraNa zuM, tenuM svarUpa zuM, punarjanma e zuM, tenuM kAraNa ane tenuM svarUpa zuM, mokSanA upAyo kayA, tenuM svarUpa zuM-ityAdi vyAvahArika ane AdhyAtmika viSane lagatA praznone uttara ApavA dareka 1. RgavedanA A kevA AnaMdI ane aihika sukhaparAyaNa hatA tene khyAla Do. vinTaraniTsa pitAnA "History of Indian Literature" pustakamAM indra, agni, Adi sUtomAMthI tAravI batAvyo che. juo pR. 68, 80, 86, 87. brAhmaNagraMthamAM Ihalaukika sopAna-jema ke putrAmo cata, vRSTiAmo cata, racavAmAM yajeta Adi. paralaukika sopAna-jema ke vAno yata tathA dakSiNAyanamAM upakAraka zraddhAdi karmo. makSasaMbaMdhI sapAna-upaniSado-jema ke, brahmavid brauva mavati praznopaniSadanA pAMcamA praznamAM AmaraNAMta kAranA abhiyAnanuM phaLa pUchavAmAM AvyuM che. tene javAba pippalAde Apyo che ke eka eka mAtrAnA abhidhyAnathI anukrame manuSyaleka, aMtarikSa ane brahmaka pamAya che. Ama A maMtramAM traNe sopAna ekasAthe sUcita che. magadharAja ajAtazatrue buddhane zramaNapaNAnuM pratyakSa phaLa zuM ema pUchayuM tyAre budde je pratyakSa phaLone nirdeza karyo che, temAM zramaNatvanAM anekavidhi pratyakSa phaLa che. emAM koI aihika che to bIju pAralaukika paNa che. juo rInirAya, sAmagnaku. jaina paraMparAmAM paNa stotra Adi dvArA aihika-pAralaukika Adi phaLanI prApti sUcavAya che.

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dArzanika pravarte che. e uttara ApavAmAM dareka dArzanika kArya-kAraNabhAvanA siddhAntane samAnapaNe upayoga te kare che ane chatAM darekanAM mantabe ke nizcaya judAM paDe che. Ama kema bane che ? eno khulAse kare asthAne nathI. sAmAnya ane vizeSanI upapatti jJAna yA cetanA vyApAranuM svarUpa sAmAnya ane vizeSa ema ubhayane avagAhavAnuM che. koI jJAna evuM nathI saMbhavatuM ke jemAM kaIne koI prakArane sAmAnya ane vizeSa bhAsa thatuM na hoya. kharI rIte AvA bhAsane lIdhe ja prANImAtranuM jIvana nabhe che. pazu-pakSI jevAM UtaratI keTinAM prANIo paNa potapotAnA varga yA vartula pUratuM sAmAnya jJAna dharAve che ne tene Azare hUMpha meLave che; potapitAnA khorAka, Azraya ane rakSaNasthAna temaja saMtatipUratuM vizeSa bhAna paNa dharAve che, ne jIvana jIve che. manuSyabuddhinI kakSA ethI bahu caDiyAtI che. te mAtra AhAra, bhaya ane kAmasaMjJAthI prerita nathI; paNa enI jijJAsA ane vikAsanI zakyatA eTalI badhI che ke te game teTalI parimita hoya chatAM trikALane temaja samIpa-asamIpa dezane avagAhavA mathe che. A mathAmaNa ja dArzanikane buddhimAM anubhavAtA sAmAnya ane vizeSa ubhaya AkArane khulAse zodhavA prere che. jJAnamAM anubhavAtA sAmAnya ane vizeSa e be AkAre, tenA grAhya viSayanA evA svarUpane ja AbhArI hoI zake, e sAmAnya nizcaya te dareka dArzanike karyo. paNa anubhavamAM AvatA dezika ane kAlika evA vyakta kAryaprapaMcanuM aMtima kAraNa kevuM haze ke jene lIdhe e vyakta kAryaprapaMcamAM sAmAnya ane vizeSa ubhayarUpatA saMbhavI zake?--A praznano javAba meLavavA dArzanika pravRtta te thayA. paNa darekanI vArasAgata, abhinivezagata ane rucivaicitryagata vizeSatAo dArzanika prasthAnabheda janmA. A kevI rIte te have saMkSepamAM vicArIe. kapila jevA dArzanike vyakta kAryaprapaMcanI paraspara vizeSatA ane emAM anubhavAtuM sAmya zuM che tene eka rIte khulAso karyo, te Itara dArzanike e tethI sAva judI rIte karyo. kapila sAmAnya artha sAmya yA sadazya kare che, ane kahe che ke skUla-sUkama badhAM ja kAryo paraspara vyAvRtta ane bhinna hovA chatAM temAM eka prakAranuM sAdaDyuM che. A sAzya kyAMthI, kevI rIte Ave che, enA khulAsArUpe teNe eka evuM prakRti tattva svIkAryuM ke je samagra vizvamAM patharAyeluM che, ane sadAtana paNa che. A tattvamAM eNe parimita kAryarUpe pariNamavAnI ane kALakrame prajanAnusArI vikAnA AvirbhAva- tibhAvanI zakti svIkArI. tene lIdhe te mULa kAraNa eka ja hovA chatAM anekavidha dezika ane kAlika vizeSatAvALAM kAryo janmAvI zake

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che. e badhAM kAryomAM te mULa kAraNa otaprota rahe che. te mULa kAraNa pitAnA ghaTaka aze ke guNene tAratamyathI evI rIte vikasAve, vistAre ke kulAve che ke te pitAnA mULa svarUpamAM kAyama rahIne paNa pitAmAMthI AvirbhAva pAmatA vizene pitAnuM dravya pUruM pADe che, ane chatAMya te mULa kAraNa te akhUTa ja rahe che. kapilanI A kalpanA pariNAminitya evA kAraNanI sthApanA kare che, jethI samagra vyakta prapaMcamAM avyakta evA mUla kAraNanuM dravya astitva dharAve che. e ja astitva sAmyabhAnanuM niyAmaka banI rahe che. A rIte kapilane khulAse e thayo ke dezikakAlika vize vAstavika che ane temAM anubhavAtuM sAmya paNa vAstavika che. A mAnyatAne anusaranAra bIjA paNa dArzanike che; jema ke rAmAnuja ane vallabha Adi. A dArzanike paNa pote kapela mULa aMtima tattvanA pariNAmamAMthI sAmAnya ane vizeSane vAstavika rUpe khulAse kare che. jaina daSTi kAryaprapaMcanA kAraNa lekhe mULa eka kAraNa na mAnatAM, nyAyavaizeSikanI peThe, anantAnanta svataHsiddha mULa dravya svIkAre che; paNa te pariNAma nityatAvAdI hoI skaMdha Adi kAryomAM kAraNadravyanuM astitva vAstavika mAnI sAmAnya-vizeSa ubhayanI vAstavikatAne khulAse kare che. paraMtu zaMkara jevA dArzanike sAmAnya-vizeSa e ubhayanA bhAnane khulAse bIjI rIte ja kare che. te kahe che ke sAmAnya eTale sArazya nahi; sAdazya te vAstavika bheda vinA saMbhave ja nahi; paNa te sAmAnya artha ekatA yA abhinnatA eve che. A vicAra pramANe ema manAya che ke mULamAM eka ja akhaMDa ane abhinna evuM sat tattva che, jemAM keI ghaTaka aMze ke guNa nathI. e sat tattva akhaMDa ane abhinna hoI kUTastha nitya che. temAM koI prakArane pariNAma yA vikAra saMbhavata ja nathI. A sat tattva e ja pAramArthika che. bhAnamAM je dezika-kAlika prapaMcanA vizeSe dekhAya che, temAM kaI dravyano aMza che ja nahi. te vize mAtra ajJAna yA avidyAkalpita che. emAM je sattva bhAse che te temanuM pitAnuM nathI, paNa pelA akhaMDa ane abhinna evA adhiSThAnabhUta mULa tattvanuM che. tethI kAryaprapaMca e vAstavika astitva vinAno hevA chatAM adhiSThAnanA astitvathI sadrapa bhAse che. A vicArasaraNI pramANe phalita ema thAya che ke kAryaprapaMcanA vize e kaI vAstavika nathI, mAtra Avidyaka che-vivarta che. ane vAstavika yA pAramArthika te mULa adhikAnanuM astitva ja che. A kUTanityaadvaitavAdane mAtra zaMkara ja anusare che. jJAnagata vizeSa AkArane khulAse paNa keI eka ja rIte nathI thaye. jema sAmAnyanA sAzya ane ekatva e be arthomAMthI anukrame pariNAnimityatA ane

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kUTanityatAnA vAde phalita thayAtema vizeSanI bAbatamAM paNa banyuM che. buddha jevA draSTAe kahyuM che ke anubhavAtA kAryaprapaMcanA AdhAra lekhe mULamAM nathI kaI pariNAminitya dravya ke nathI keI kUTanitya dravya. AvA mULa kAraNane sarvathA asvIkAra karIne ja bauddho buddhinA sAmAnya ne vizeSa beya AkArane khulAso kare che. temanA khulAsA pramANe deza ane kALanA kAmamAM navA navA kAryavizeSa pUrvapUrvanA vizeSane lIdhe astitvamAM Ave che ane vilaya pAme che. e saMtatibaddha dekhAtAM vizeSamAM, kharI rIte, sArazya ke ekatva keI tattva che ja nahi. samAna dekhAtI vizeSanI zreNIomAM paNa vastutaH dareka vizeSa ekabIjAthI atyanta vyAvRtta che. emAM je samAnatAnuM ke abhinnatAnuM bhAna thAya che te e vizenA pAramArthika svarUpanA adhUrA bhAnane lIdhe. jeTale aMze e vizenA svarUpanuM yathAvat Akalana karavAnI azakti, eTale aMze emAM sadazya yA ekatA bhAsavAnAM. A rIte A vAda eTale vAstavika vizeSavAda thayo. jema zaMkara akhaMDa ane abhinna evA eka tatvane ja pAramArthika mAnI vizeSabhAnane apAramArthika yA vyAvahArika kahe che tema, ethI taddana sAme cheDe jaI, bauddho dezakALakRta vizeSane pAramArthika mAnI temAM anubhavAtA sAdazya yA ekatvane apAramArthika yA vyAvahArika kahe che. buddhinA upara sUcavela be AkArenI upapatti vaLI judI ja rIte karanAra paNa dArzanika thayA che. kaNAda jevA dArzaniko ema mAne che ke samagra kAryaprapaMcanA 1. nyAyazeSika pariNAmavAdI nathI, ane atakUTanityatatvavAdI paNa nathI. te aneka mULabhUta paramANu, AkAza Adi kone phUTasthanitya ane paraspara atyanta vyAvRtta mAne che. tema chatAM te sAdasya svIkAre che; paNa tenI upapatti evI rIte kare che ke phUTasthanitya ane paraspara atyanta vyAvRtta evAM tattamAM paNa eka anugata akhaMDa sAmAnya hoya che, je vyAvRtta vyaktiomAM sAdaNyanuM niyAmaka bane che. jema pArthiva paramANuomAM pRthvItva ane nave dravyomAM dravyatva, tathA dravyaguNakarmamAM sattA. jaina, bauddha Adi darzana mAM AvuM koI sAdaspaniyAmaka nitya tattva nathI. 2. juo, hatubindu TIkA, pR. 86; tathA yathA dhAtryabhayAdInAM nAnAroganivartane / pratyekaM saha vA zakti nAtvepyupalakSyate // 723 // na teSu vidyate kiJcitsAmAnyaM tatra zaktimat / cirakSiprAdibhedena rogazAntyupalambhataH // 724 // evamatyantabhede'pi kecinnitayazaktitaH / tulyapratyavamarzAdehetutvaM yAnti nApare // 726 // -tattvasaMgraha

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mULa kAraNa lekhe ke eka pariNAminitya yA keI eka phUTasthanitya tatva nathI; paNa enA kAraNarUpe mULamAM ananta kUTastha dravyo che. e ananta mULa dravya paramANurUpa hoya ke vibhurUpa; paNa te badhAM ekabIjAMthI atyanta vyAvRtta hAI paraspara bhinna che. mULa dravyagata A bheda vAstavika che, ane chatAM te dravyomAM samAnatAnuM niyAmaka eka sAmAnya tattva yA jAti paNa che. A rIte kaNade sAmAnya ane vizeSa e be to taddana vAstavika ane svatantra mAnI sAmAnya-vizeSa ubhayarUpa buddhino khulAse karyo. eNe mULa kUTanitya paramANuomAMthI nIpajatAM kAryone paNa kAraNathI bhinna ane chatAM vAstavika mAnyAM. enAM guNakarmone paNa eNe bhinna ane vAstavika mAnyAM. e dravya-guNa-karmanA prapaMcamAM eNe, kAraNabhedane lIdhe yA kAryabhedane lIdhe, vize vAstavika svIkAryA ane temAM anekavidha sAmAnyane paNa vAstavika tattvarUpe svIkAryA. A rIte eNe mULa kAraNadravyone zaMkaranI jema kUTanitya mAnavA chatAM sAmAnya ne vizeSa evA be vAstavika tattvanA svIkArathI buddhigata ubhaya AkAranuM samarthana karyuM. - A rIte ApaNe joyuM ke dareka dArzanika kArya-kAraNabhAva svIkArIne ja sAmAnya-vizeSa ubhayAkAravALI buddhinuM upapAdana karavA pravRtta thaye; ane chatAMya daSTibhelthI darekanAM manta sAva judAM paDyAM. satkArya ane asatkAyavAdanI samajUtI mULa kAraNane je pariNaminitya mAne che te kAryamAtramAM mULa kAraNanA aMzene vAstavika puravaTho yA astitva svIkAre che. eTale te satkAryavAdI kahevAya che. kAryomAM kAraNanuM vAstavika astitva e eka artha, ane mULa kAraNamAM kAryonuM zaktirUpe astitva e ene bIjo artha. zaMkara jevA advaitavAdI paNa satkAryavAdI che, paNa te judA arthamAM. e artha eTale pAramArthika sa-adhiSThAnamAM kAryaprapaMcanuM bhAna, bauddho mAtra vizeSavAdI che. temane mate kaI mULa kAraNa trikAlavatI che ja nahi; eTale eka vizeSamAMthI bIjo vizeSa Upaje che. paNa te UpajanAra vizeSa prArtana vizeSamAM astitva dharAvate na hoI e asatkAryavAdamAM Ave che. nyAyavaizeSika jevA paNa asatkAryavAdI che, ke teo mULa dravyane sadAtana mAne che ane kAryadravyo emAM ja utpanna thAya che. chatAM e kAryarUpa dravya yA guNa-karma, sAmagrIbaLe, taddana navesara utpanna thatAM hAI e asatkAryavAdanI kaTimAM Ave che." 1. satkAryavAda ane asatkAryavAdanI carcAe dArzanika paraMparAomAM bahu moTe bhAga bhajavyo che ane e aneka zatAbdIo thayAM cAlatI paNa rahI che. IzvarakRSNa (kA. 9 ) satkAryavAdanI sthApanA karI che ane asatkAryavAdane niSedha karyo che. gasUtrakAra pataMjali ane tene bhASyakAra paNa satkAryavAdane mAne che. ukta kArikA upara vivaraNa karatAM

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22 kArya-kAraNabhAvanA siddhAntadvArA sAmAnya-vizeSa ubhayAkAra pratItinuM upapAdana karavA pravRtta thayelA dArzanike, potapAtAnI dRSTi pramANe, chevaTe je ane jevA mULa kAraNanA svarUpa viSe nizcaya karI zakayA, te ane tevA kAraNane sUkSma ane sthUla evA kAyarUpa vizvaprapaMca sAthe saMbaMdha ghaTAvavAnA prayatnamAMthI aMte ArbhavAda, pariNAmavAda, pratItyasamutpAdavAda ane vivavAda sudhI tee paheAMcyA. Arambha Adi cAra vADhAnAM lakSaNA A vAdAnAM lakSaNA saMkSepamAM nIce pramANe che : ArambhavAda :(1) paraspara bhinna evAM ananta mULa kAraNAne svIkAra; ( 2 ) kAryAM ane kAraNanA Ayantika bheda; (3) kAraNa nitya hAya ke anitya, paNa kAryAtpattimAM enuM apariNAmirUpe rahevuM; (4) apUrva arthAt utpatti pahelAM asat evA kAryanI utpatti yA alpakAlIna sattA. pariNAmavAda :( 1) eka ja mULa kAraNane svIkAra; (2) kA- kAraNanA vAstavika abheda; ( 3 ) nitya kAraNanuM paNa pariNAmI banIne ja rahevuM : tathA pravRtta thavuM; ( 4 ) kArya mAtranuM potapAtAnA kAraNamAM ane badhAM kAryAnuM mULa kAraNamAM vaikAlika astitva arthAt apUrva vastunI utpattinA sathA inkAra. pratItyasamrutyAdavAdaH--(1) kAraNa ane kAryane Atyantika bheda; (2) koI paNa nitya yA piraNAmI kAraNanA savathA asvIkAra; (3) pahelethI ja asat evA kArya mAtranA utpAda zrI. pulibihArIe * Origin and Development of the Samkhya System of Thought'mAM pR. 196thI e vize ThIka ThIka carcA karI che ane yegabhASyakAranA vicAro paNa spaSTa karyA che. paraMtu emaNe pR. 200nI pAdaTIpamAM zrI. gApInAtha kavirAjanA lekhane AdhAre je carcA karI che te kArya-kAraNabhAvanA abhyAsI mATe khAsa agatyanI che. kavirAjajIe ' The Problem of Causality' lekhamAM (sarasvatI bhavana sTaDIjha veA. 4, pR. 125, 1925) kArya-kAraNubhAvanI vigate carcA karI che ane satkAryavAda sAme upasthita thatA prazno vize paNa uhApAha karyA che. jo kAya kAraNamAM lIna thatuM hoya ane nAza na pAmatuM hoya to kAraNa pharIthI kArya pedA kare tyAre zuM enuM e ja kArya pharI dazyamAna thAya che ke tenA jevuM khIjuM ?-A praznano uttara ciMtAe be rIte ApyA cheH bhatR hira ane cegabhASyakAra ema mAne che ke prakRti punaH sa` utpanna kare tyAre navA sa` prathama jevA thAya che, nahi ke ene e. ane poMcAdhikaraNa temaja payapAdikA-vivaraNane mata evo che ke punaH sa thAya che te ene e ja che, A vize kavirAjajIe vizeSa UhApeAha karelA hAvAthI te mULa lekha khAsa dravya che. bauddhasa`mata kArya-kAraNubhAva spaSTa karavA sperabAvskIe je laMbANu carcA karI che te draSTavyu che--Buddhist Logic bhAga 1, pR. 119thI AgaLa

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vivartavAda -(1) koI eka pAramArthika satyane svIkAra, je nathI utpAdaka ke nathI pariNAmI; (2) sthUla yA sUkama bhAsamAna jagatanI utpattine tathA tene mULa kAraNane pariNAma mAnavAne sarvathA niSedha, (3) sthUla jagatanuM avAstavika yA kAlpanika astitva arthAt mAyika bhAsamAtratA. ATalA saMkSipta vivecana uparathI jANI zakAze ke kArya-kAraNane siddhAnta sarvasaMmata hovA chatAM paNa, daSTibhedane lIdhe teno upayoga judI judI rIte thavAthI, dArzanika prasthAnabhede kevI rIte astitvamAM AvyA. pramANuzaktinI vicAraNA mAnAdhInA madhyavarathA" athavA te "amesiddhi pramaUTddhi A siddhAnta bhAratIya badhA dArzanike e svIkAryo che. tethI te sarvataMtrasiddhAnta che. dareka dArzanika tattva yA prameya viSe pitAnuM darzana yA maktavya pramANune baLe ja sthApe che. Ama pramANazaktine Azraya levA chatAM dArzanike tAttvika mantavyanI bAbatamAM aneka vAra prabaLa matabheda paNa dharAvatA rahyA che, jene lIdhe aneka dArzanika prasthAne astitvamAM AvyAM che. Ama banavAnuM mULa kAraNa pramANuzaktinuM tAratamya che. eka amuka dArzanika pitAnuM matavya nirUpe tyAre te amuka prakAranI ja pramANazaktine chevaTanI mAnI tene AdhAre mantavya sthApe che, tyAre bIjo dArzanika tethI vadhAre vikasita evI pramANazakti svIkArI pravRtta thAya che. A rIte prameya yA tattvanA je sthala, sUma, sUkamatama ane agamya pradeza viSe darzanamAM cintana thayuM che, te pramANazaktinA uttarottara vadhatA tAratamyane baLe ja thayuM che. bhautikavAdI cArvAkathI mAMDI cetanavAdI ane temAMya atavAdI darzananI mAnyatAnA mULamAM kaI kaI pramANuzakti kAma kare che te ahIM vicAravuM prApta che. bhautikavAdI cArvAke Indriyazaktine ja aMtima mAne che. teo kahe che ke je tatva Indriyagamya hoya te vAstavika che. Indriyagamya thaI na zake evAM tattva viSe te mAtra kalpanA karavAnI rahe che paNa evI kalpanAonI yathArthatAnI kasoTI zI? tethI teo Indriyazakti upara mukhya AdhAra rAkhI Indriyajanya jJAnane pramANe mAne che, ane kahe che ke pratyakSa e eka ja pramANa che. teo anumAnapramANu svIkAre che, paNa tenI maryAdA che. teo kahe che ke Indriyagamya na hoya evA viSayanuM anumAna paNa pramANaTimAM tyAre ja AvI zake, je e anumita viSaya Indriyagamya thavAnI zakyatA dharAvatuM hoya. Ano artha e thaye ke chevaTe anumAnanA prAmANyane AdhAra paNa pratyakSa zakti upara che. tethI ja amuka aMze 1. savyAi 4.

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anumAna mAnavA chatAM cArvAke pratyakSavAdI kahevAya che. dekhItuM che ke IndriyapratyakSa pramANanI pravRtti sthUla bhautika viSathI AgaLa zakya nathI. eTale cArvAkanuM prasthAna sthala bhautika jagata sudhI che. paraMtu bIjA dArzanike tethI AgaLa vadhI vicAre che. teo kahe che ke indrionI zakti che te karatAM mananI zakti vadhAre che. pratyeka indriya pitapotAnA viziSTa viSayane grahe che, te mana e badhA IndriyagrAhya viSenuM Akalana karI zake che. tethI ema mAnavuM ke mana e mAtra indriyagrAhya vartamAna kALa ane samIpa dezane ja vicAra karI zake e barAbara nathI. jema sUkamadarzaka Adi bAhya upakaraNone baLe Indriya pitAnI sAmAnya zakti karatAM vadhAre dUranuM ane sUkSma joI-jANI zake che, tema egya saMskArathI mana paNa vadhAre atIta ane anAgata viSene khyAla bAMdhI zake che. alabata, mana jyAre vartamAna uparAMta atIta ane anAgatane vicAra kare che tyAre tene e vicArane AdhAra te vartamAnakAlIna viSayanI vyApti uparathI ja maLe che. punaH punaH avalokana ane te upara karAtA tarkane premathI mana saikAlika vyAptine paNa abAdhita nizcaya karI zake. AvI viziSTa prakAranI manaHzakti mAnanAra dArzanike e anumAnane paNa eka svataMtra pramANa svIkAryuM. svataMtra e arthamAM ke jyAM IndriyapratyakSane saMvAda na hoya tyAM paNa anumAna pravRtta thaI tattvanirNaya karI zake che. cArvAka sivAyanA badhA ja dArzanika anumAnanuM svataMtra prAmANya mAnanArA che. teo anumAna pramANa dvArA skUla bhautika jagatathI AgaLa vadhI sUkama bhautika tattva sthApe che. A dArzanika pitAnA anumAna-prayAgamAM mukhyapaNe kArya-kAraNane siddhAnta ane sAdazyane siddhAnta svIkAre che. jevuM kArya tevuM kAraNa, ane kArya hoya tenuM kAraNa tevuM ja joIe--A vyAptine baLe teo sUkSama bhautika tattva sthApe che. alabata, vyAptine siddhAnta samAna hovA chatAM, dareka anumAna-pramANavAdI eka ja nizcaya upara nathI Avyo. kaI e ja vyAptine baLe sthUla bhautika jagatanA mULa kAraNa lekhe eka ja tattvanA nizcaya upara AvyA che; te bIjA evA mULa kAraNa lekhe aneka tattvanA nizcaya upara paNa AvyA che. 1. pratyakSamevaikaM pramANamiti vacanaM tat tAntrikalakSaNAlakSitalokasaMvyavahAripratyakSApekSayA / ata eva lakSaNalakSitapratyakSapUrvakAnumAnasya 'anumAnamapramANam '-ityAdigranthasandarbheNAprAmANyapratipAdanaM vidhIyate / na punargopAlAdyajJalokavyavahAraracanAcaturasya dhUmadarzanamAtrAvibhUtAnala. prtipttiruupsy-ityaadi| samatitaTI, mA 1, pR. 9. taravayaMpraDha . 1482nI utthAnikA puratu sAda-ityAdi.

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25 na paNa bannemAM eTaluM sAmya tA che ja ke teo indriyagamya na hoya evA avyakta yA paramANutattvanA nizcaya sudhI paheAMcyA che. anumAnapramANanI vizeSa zaktinI mAnyatA ethI paNa AgaLa vadhI che. aneka dAnikane prazna thayA ke jagatamAM zuM sthUla ke sUkSma evuM eka bhautika tattva ja che, ke ethI para bIjI paNa kAMI che ?--A praznanA javAba temane anumAnapramANathI maLyo hoya tema lAge che. teo sukhaduHkha AdinA anubhavanA ane anya jIvanagata vizeSatAone khulAsA bhautika tattvathI karI na zakyA, tyAre temaNe abhautika evuM cetanatattva svIkAryuM' hoya ema lAge che. A rIte anumAnapramANanI zaktinA vistAramAMthI bhautika ane cetana evAM e tattvA te sthapAyAM, paNa AnI sAthe ja eka navA prazna upasthita thayA. A prazna e hatA ke anumAnathI sUkSma bhautika tattva ke cetanatattva sAdhI zakAya tApaNu, zuM evA keAI mArga nathI ke je dvArA evAM sUkSma atIndriya tattvAnuM pratyakSa thaI zake ? AnA uttara sarala na hatA. chatAM paNa keTalAka virala puruSo e pAchaLa paDyA. temane emAMthI yAgamA lAdhyA. temaNe anubhavyuM ke jyAre mana mukhyapaNe indriyalakSI-bahirgAmI hoya che tyAre tenI amuka ja zakti khIle che. paNa jyAre te antarmukha thai vizeSa ekAgra thAya che tyAre tenI zaktinA bIjo prakAra UghaDe che. temaNe anubhavathI e paNa joyuM ke jyAre manamAM paDelA vAsanAonA stare dUra thAya che tyAre tenI zakti era vadhAre khIle che. AvA pratyeAgavIrAe ceAgAnubhavamAMthI eka navIna pramANanI zeAdha karI. e pramANa eTale nahi indriyapratyakSa ke nahi vyAsimUlaka anumAna; e pramANa sUkSma ne atIndriya evA viSayAnA sAkSAtkAra karI zake che, evA emane anubhava thayeA. tethI temaNe kahyuM ke pramANa eTale mAtra indriyapratyakSa ke mAtra anumAna nahi, paNa tethIye para evuM eka atIndriya pratyakSa, yA eka AjJAna yA RtaMbharA prajJA. A ja AgamapramANanuM mULa. A rIte pratyakSa, anumAna ane Agama e traNa pramANeA maulika che, jemAM Agama e enA mULa arthamAM sazreSTha kahevAya; kema ke temAM pratyakSa ane anumAnanA badhA ja viSaye samAI jAya che. dArzanika prasthAnabheda mULe te A traNa pramANane ja AbhArI che. paNa pramANanI khAkhatamAMya dArzanika vatulamAM saMkSepa-vistAra thatA rahyo che. koI e 1. yogasUtra 1. 48-49. 2. pratyakSamAtravAdI cArvAka, anumAna sAthe epramANavAdI bauddha Ardi, Agama sahu tra:pramANuvAdI sAMkhyAdi, upamAna saha cArapramANavAdI taiyAyika Adi, abhAva sahu pAMca prabhAkara, arthApatti saha cha kumArila, yukti saha sAta carakane mate, aitihya saha Apha

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Agamane anumAnamAM samAvyuM che te vaLI bIjAoe anumAnanA avAntara prakAra tarIke arthapatti Adi pramANa paNa kamyAM che. ahIM eka vastu nedhavI joIe ke yegIe mULe RtaMbharA prajJAne ja Agama mAnatA; paNa temanA vicAre zabdomAM rajU thatAM te zabdo paNa Agama manAyA ane te zabdAgama saMpradAyabhedenA pravAhamAM paDatAM, temAM pratyakSa ane anumAnanA aneka aMze paNa AgamarUpe dAkhala thayA; eTaluM ja nahi paNa ghaNI vAra AgamanI pratiSThAne kAraNe temAM saMbaddha-asaMbaddha evI kalpanA paNa dAkhala thaI che. paNa ApaNe te ahIM eTaluM ja jovAnuM che ke dArzanika prasthAnanA bhedamAM je mULabhUta tAttvika mAnyatAne bheda che te mukhyapaNe kaI kaI keTinI pramANazaktine AdhAre che, ane TUMkamAM e paNa joyuM ke evI pramANazakti tribhUmikA che. bAkInI pramANacarcA enuM ja pallavana che. maNimekhalAI nAmanA tAmila granthamAM daza pramANone nirdeza che, te caraka, mImAMsA, purANa AdimAM nava, ATha ane cha pramANa sudhIne ullekha che. pramANanI svataMtra carcA vinAne yuga ane enI svataMtra carcAvALe yuga upaniSado ane AgamapiTakomAM je je bhautika-abhautika ke jaDa-cetana viSe nirUpaNa dekhAya che, temAM te te nirUpaNa kaI ne kaI pramANane AdhAre ja thAya che. paNa e prAcIna granthamAM pramANazAstra je kaI jude vibhAga racA na hate. AvuM kAma dArzanika sUtrakALathI zarU thayuM, ane uttarottara vikasatuM gayuM te tyAM sudhI ke chevaTe vaidika, bauddha, jaina cArvAka Adi badhA dArzanikone potapotAnA granthamAM pitapatAne abhimata hoya e pramANavibhAga vizeSa vistArathI carcA paDyo. Ama karIne temaNe eka rIte e paNa spaSTa karI dIdhuM ke ame je kahIe ke mAnIe chIe te A ane AvAM pramANone AdhAre, jethI sAme prativAdI ke zrotA e bhramamAM na rahe ke te je kahe che te badhuM amArI pramANaviSayaka kalpanAne AdhAre ja kahe che. dArzanika prameyatattvanI peThe pramANatattvanI carcAmAM paNa baha paurANika, saMbhava Adi saha anya vAdI -juo "tattvasaMgraha" pratyakSa, anumAna ane pramANAntaraparIkSA-ka. 1213-1708; tathA yuktadIpikA-pR. 36-39. maNimekhalAImAM vedavyAsa, katakaTi ane jaiminIne te daza pramANe che, ema kahyuM che. vizeSamAM svabhAva ane parizeSa e be nAme maLe che. - Manimekhalai-in its Historical Settings.'--Aiyangar pR. 57 ane 189. 1. A mATe yutidIpikAnuM vivaraNa karatuM pustaka-Origin and development of the Samkhya System of Thought." pR. 222 thI AgaLa jevuM.

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27 UMDe UtaryAM che ane temaNe prAmANya zuM, tenA utpAdaka ane jJApaka kAraNeA zAM, ityAdi viSe sUkSmAtisUkSma UhApeAha karI svataMtra pramANuvidyA racI che. pre. meksamUlara emanA < Six Systems of Indian Philosophy 'mAM nyAyadarzananI carcA karatAM eka vAta kahe che ke bhAratIya dArzanike prameyatattvanI carcA karyA pahelAM pramANatattvanI carcA karI le che, jo satra A mAga svIkAravAmAM AvyeA hAta te ghaNI gerasamajUtIe dUra thaI zakata. dArzanika vicArapravAha samayanI dRSTie bebhAgamAM bahu spaSTapaNe vaheMcAyelA dekhAya cheH buddha-mahAvIranA samaya sudhIne eka pravAha; ane tyArakhAdathI atyAra sudhIne bIjo pravAha. prathama pravAhamAM prAcIna upaniSadanA aMzA, mahAbhAratanA prAcIna aMze| tema ja khauddha piTaka ane jaina AgamamAMnA prAcIna a'ze| Ave che; tyAre khIjA uttarakAlIna pravAhamAM dArzanika sUtraracanAthI mAMDI atyAra sudhInA samagra vADmayanA samAveza thAya che. A rIte aneka dRSTie e pravAhA judA hovA chatAM temAM maulika praznonI khAkhatamAM ekarUpatA ane sAtatya dekhAya che. uttarakAlIna vADmayamAM je dArzanika mukhya prazno carcAyA che te ja prazno pU`kAlIna vicArapravAhamAM carcAyA che. chatAM bannemAM mahad antara che. saMkSepamAM e antara e bAbatamAM tarI Ave che: (1) prAcIna vicArapravAhanuM lakSaNa e che ke temAM tattvacintaka peAtAne je sthApavuM hoya tenuM pratipAdaka zailIe nirUpaNa kare che--jANe ke ene kahevAnI vastu ArSadRSTithI nizcita hAya. vacce vacce jyAM tene matAntarane nirAsa karavA hoya tyAM te mATe bhAge te te matAntaranA ullekha mAtra karI eTaluM ja kahI de che ke e dRSTi mithyA che yA samyak nathI. athavA te e evA matAntarone peAtAnA siddhAnta sudhI paheAMcavAnA pUrva pUrva seApAna lekhe gaNAvI te matAntonA paNa adhikArabhede samanvaya kare che. (2) khIju` lakSaNa e che ke uttarakAlIna vicArapravAhamAM mukhya praznanI AsapAsa je vigata che ane temAMthI je bIjA navA UbhA thayela muddAnI carcAe che te pUrvakAlIna vicArapravAhamAM nathI. 1. A viSe jue mArA svataH parataH prAmANyanI carcA karatA lekha, darzana ane cintana ', pR. 1032, 2. adhikArabhede samanvayanA udAharaNa mATe jue madhusUdana sarasvatIkRta ' prasthAnabheda '; vijJAnabhikSukRta 'sAMkhya pravacanabhASya ', pR. 2thI AgaLa (caukhammA AvRtti ); nAgArjunakRta ' mAdhyamikakArikA '-- sarva tathyaM na vA tathyaM tathyaM cAtathyameva ca / naivAtathyaM naiva tathyametadbuddhAnuzAsanam // 18.8 ane tenI vRtti. juo, yogadRSTisamuccaya kA. 132thI; tabhUmiAH sarvavarzanasthitayaH pratyabhinnAhadaya, sU. 8.

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28 AryAvartamAM dArzanika cintana jUnA vakhatathI kevuM cAlatuM AvyuM che ane te kevuM vipula che, e aMge Adhunika pAzcAtya ane bhAratIya vidvAnoe mahattvanAM saMzodhana karyA che. e jevAthI ane temAM AvatAM mULa granthasthAne jovAthI keIne paNa e jaNAI Avaze ke ukta banne pravAhamAM dArzanika mukhya praznane kevA ekasarakhA carcAtA rahyA che. uttarAlIna dazana-sAhityanAM khAsa lakSaNe sAmAnya rIte buddhamahAvIra pachI dArzanika sUtrakAla zarU thAya che. A sUtrakAlathI dArzanika prazna e je navatA dhAraNa karI tenA prerakabaLe TUMkamAM A pramANe che- 1. dareka praznanuM lakSaNa purasara vyavasthita nirUpaNa 2. parIkSA paddhati jemAM parata-saMmata mantavyanuM uttarottara vizeSa vileSaNapUrvaka nirAkaraNa ane sva-ta-saMmata mantavyanI satarka sthApanAne prayatna . 3. saMbhavita para-tannonAM mantane vadhAre ne vadhAre vistRta tema ja UMDe abhyAsa ane e dvArA yathAsthAna sva-tatranAM maktavyane vizada tema ja parimArjita karavAnI vRtti. 4, gadya, padya ane mizra rUpamAM uttarottara vizeSa ane vizeSa vikasatI saMskRta bhASAnI zailI ane enI sUkSamatAnA AzrayathI potapotAnI dArzanika paribhASAonuM nirmANa ane tenuM asaMdigdha artha kathana. pa. uttarottara tarka ane anumAnapaddhatinA thatA vikAsane lIdhe khIlelI vAdakaLA dvArA bhinna bhinna pakSe vacce pratyakSa cAlelI carcAo ane tevI kalpita carcAo dvArA praznanuM vizadIkaraNa. 6. sUtra, vRtti, bhAga, vAtika, TIkA, anuTIkA Adi vyAkhyAgra uparAMta pratyeka darzananAM samagra mantavyone AvarI letA nAnAmeTA svataMtra nibaLe tema ja vizeSa praznane laI racAtAM nAnAMmoTAM prakaraNo. 7. agiyAramI zatAbdI pachI khIlelI navyanyAyanI paribhASA ane zailInA vikAsa dvArA dArzanika prazno paratve kAMIka vadheluM UMDANa. A ane AnA jevA bIjA baLone lIdhe dArzanika uttarapravAhanI carcAonuM svarUpa eTaluM badhuM nokhuM tarI Ave che ke jANe enA anuzIlana vakhate e ja prAcIna praznonI bAbatamAM keI navA vicAra-vatuMlamAM praveza karatA hoIe tevo

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29 anubhava thAya che. uttarakAlIna vipula ane vividha dArzanika sAhitya dareka para parAe evI niSThA ane jAgrata buddhithI khIlavyu` che ke Aje tenA sAcA abhyAsIne te pratye ananya Adara thayA sivAya nathI rahetA; eTaluM ja nahi, paNa e sAhityarAzimAM eTalI badhI vicArasAmagrI che ke keI paNa saMzodhaka te kSetramAM varSo lagI kAma kare teAya tene temAMthI navanavuM maLI ja AvavAnuM. A sAhitya racanArAomAM dareka para parAmAM thayelA keTalAka asAdhAraNa vidvAnA te evA che ke temanuM ekalAnuM ja cintana ane lakhANa aneka vidvAnonA dhyAnane rokI rAkhe tevuM che. ukta sAmAnya vidhAnone keTalAka dAkhalAethI spaSTa karIe teA ja te yathArUpa dhyAnamAM Ave : 1. lakSaNapuraskara vyavasthita nirUpaNanA dAkhalA kaNAda, nyAya Adi dareka dananA sUtragranthA che. 2. parIkSApaddhatine dAkhalA nAgAnanI madhyamakArikA ane nyAyasUtra jevA parIkSApradhAna granthA che. 3. sva-tattvanAM mantarvyAnA parimAnanI vRtti dhakrItinuM pramANuvArtika, jayaMtanI nyAyamAMjarI ane vAcaspati mizranA TIkAgranthA AdimAM jovA maLe che. 4. paribhASAonAM nirmANa ane tenAM asadigdha akathana--e dareka para parAmAM racAyela bhASya, vArtika, TIkA Adi granthAdvArA spaSTa che. 5. vAdakaLAnA namUnA lekhe udyotakaranuM nyAyavArtika, kumArilanuM zlekavArtika, prajJAkaranuM pramANuvArtikabhASya ane vidyAnantanI aSTasahasrI Ardi sUcavI zakAya. 6. svadarzananA badhA praznone AvaratA granthAnAM udAharaNa akalakanuM rAjavArtika ane vidyAnantanuM tattvA zvlADavArtika Adi granthA che. tema ja vizeSa vizeSa muddA paratve racAyelA granthAnuM udAharaNa brahmasiddhi, Atmasiddhi, sa`jJasiddhi ane kusumAMjali jevA granthA che. 7. nabhyanyAyanI paribhASAnuM udAharaNa ga`gezanA tattvacintAmaNi Adi granthA che. vicAraNAnI preraka dRSTiA dAnika prazno sAmAnya rIte jagata, jIva, Izvara ane mukti----e cAra vibhAgamAM samAI jAya che. e badhA ja praznonI chaNAvaTa traNa dRSTine avala bI thayelI che : laukika, leAkAntara ane leAkeAttara. je dRSTi mAtra dRzyamAna IhaleAkane sparzI pravarte che, ane tene AdhAre muddAnI carcA kare che te che laukika dRSTi, jema ke cArvAka Adi. je dRSTi vartamAna janma uparAMta punarjanma mAnI vicAra kare che te leAkAntara STi, jema ke cArvAka sivAyanAM AtmavAdI badhAM daneA. leAkAntara STimAM laukika dRSTinA asvIkAra nathI. je STi meAkSane lakSI vicAra kare che te leAkeAttara dRSTi. emAMya pUnI e dRSTienA asvIkAra nathI. chatAMya dArzanika cintanamAM evAM valaNA astitvamAM AvyAM ke jyAre aihika dRSTi ja nahi paNa

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lekAntara daSTi paNa gauNa banI jAya ane mAtra lakattara daSTinuM prAdhAnya dekhAya. tAtparya e che ke lekAntara ke lakattara daSTinA prAdhAnya vakhate lakSya badalAtuM heI, enA e ja vartamAna jIvanapravAhamAM navanavA mArgonI sAdhanA astitvamAM AvatI jAya che, ane jIvananAM vaheNa badalAtAM jAya che. udAharaNartha mAtra gItA laIe. temAM yajJa, tapa, dhyAna, dAna, japa, svAdhyAya, bhakti Adi dharme je sakAmabhAve prathama AcarAtA tenI niSkAmabhAve ja pratiSThA sthApavAmAM Ave che ane e badhA dharmo karmamAganAM aMga banI rahe che. darzananAM vividha vargIkaraNa pitAnA samayamAM pracalita dazanenuM saMkSepamAM prathama nirUpaNa karanAra AcArya haribhadra SadarzanasamuccayamAM cha darzane svIkAryo che. temAM vaidika ane avaidika bane Ave che. avaidikamAM bauddha, jaina ane cArvAka che; jyAre vaidikamAM nyAya-vaizeSika, sAMkhya-ga ane mImAMsA che. paNa 14mA saikAnA mAdhavAcArye sarvadarzanasaMgrahamAM soLa darzane svIkAryA che, temAM vaidika-avaidika lagabhaga badhAM ja darzane Ave che. chatAM bIjI keTalIka dArzanika paraMparAo temAM paNa samAsa nathI pAmI; jevI ke-zrIkaMThanuM zivAta Adi. che. mekasamulare "The six systems of Indian Philosophy mAM che darzananuM nirUpaNa karyuM che. te darzane kevaLa vaidika che. darzananAM vargIkaraNa te te prarUpako khAsa khAsa daSTithI kare che. paNa ekaMdara 1. mahAbhArata ane purANomAM darzanonuM vargIkaraNa kevuM che e mATe nIcenA zloka upayogI thazeH sAMkhyaM yogaH pAzupataM vedA vai paJcarAtrakam / kRtAntapaJcakaM hyetat gAyatrI ca zivA tathA // agnipurANa 219.61. evamekaM sAMkhyayogaM vedAraNyakameva ca / parasparAGgAnyetAni paJcarAtraM ca kathyate // zAMtiparva rUpe 6 76. sAMkhyaM yogaM paMcarAtraM vedAraNyakameva ca / jJAnAnyetAni brahmarSe, lokeSu pracaranti ha // kimetAnyekaniSTAni pRthaniSTAni vA mune / prabrUhi vai mayA pRSTaH pravRttiM ca yathAkramam / / zAMtiparva re 3 7.1-2. brAhma zevaM vaiSNavaM ca saura zAktaM tathArhatam / coktAni svabhAvaniyatAni ca // vAyupurANa 104.16 tema ja suMdara graMthAvalI-sarvAgaga pradIpikA'pR 88-94mAM 96 pAkhaMDonuM varNana che. vaLI che. agravAla saMpAdita "padmAvata' pR. 30mAM darzanenI saMkhyAnI noMdha che.

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31 e vargIkaraNamAM dhyAna ApavA jevI bAbata e che ke amuka dazane vedanuM prAmANya svIkArIne ja pravRtta thayAM che; jyAre bIjAM tenuM prAmANya na svIkAratAM potapotAne sarvathA mAnya hoya evI vyaktinuM prAmANya svIkArI pravRtta thayAM che. vedapramANuvAdI darzanamAM pUrvamImAMsaka, uttaramImAMsaka, nyAya ane vaizeSika che; jyAre vyaktivizeSapramANavAdI dazamAM bauddha, jaina, zaiva Adi dazane che. darzane paikI sAMkhya-ga ane nyAya-vaizeSika darzananI eka asAdhAraNa vizeSatA jANavA jevI che te e che ke te darzane potapotAnAM manta mukhyapaNe pratyakSa ane anumAnapramANathI carce ane sthApe che. teo zAstravizeSanuM prAmANya mAnatA hoya teya pitAnAM matonI sthApanAmAM ke parapakSanA nirAkaraNamAM tevAM zAstrane kaI AdhAra nathI letA, je ke pUrvamImAMsaka ke vedAntIo vaidika vAkyo ane upaniSadone AdhAra le che; athavA sthavirayAnI mahAyAnI badhA ja bauddho buddhanAM vacanane ane jaina mahAvIranAM vacanone AdhAra le che. AthI ema kahI zakAya ke darzane pikI nyAya-vaizeSika ane sAMkhya-ga e mukhyapaNe tarka yA anumAnapradhAna che ane ArSajJAnane svIkAravA chatAM te jJAna temanA nirUpaNanuM pradhAna sAdhana nathI banatuM. Itara dArzanikomAM aMdaroaMdara phAMTA paDe tyAre dareka phoTo potapotAnA abhipreta arthane siddha karavA mukhyapaNe granthane ja Azraya le che ane te granthone AdhAre, tarkabaLe, pitAnA abhipreta ane temAMthI tArave che; jyAre nyAya-vaizeSika ane sAMkhya-ga paraMparAmAM aMdara aMdara vicArabheda upasthita thAya tyAre teo kaI pitAnI paraMparAne mAnya evA sarvasaMmata granthone Azraya lIdhA vinA ja, kevaLa yukti ane vicArabaLathI, potapotAnuM samarthana kare che.

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vyAkhyAna 3 jagata-acetana tattva sAmAnya rIte jagata padanA artha mAM cetana-acetana banne bhAvAne samAveza thAya che. paNa cetana paratve svataMtra rIte judA vyAkhyAnamAM kahevAnuM hovAthI atre " jagata " padathI acetanabhAva mAtra vivakSita che. jagatanuM svarUpa zuM ? enAM kAraNeA kayAM ane kevAM ? mULa kAraNo uparathI sRSTinI racanAne krama kevA ? ane A racanAnI prakriyA ApameLe cAle che ke enAM saMcAlaka tattvo mULa kAraNAthI bhinna evAM keAI che ?-ityAdi prazno mAnavamanamAM ekasAthe ke krame uddabhavyA. enA uttara meLavavA aneka dizAmAMthI prayatna thayA. e prayatnAnA pariNAmarUpe je tattvavAdo sthira thayA che ane pahelethI carcAtA AvyA che te uparathI ApaNe atre tela khAMdhIzuM ke jagata viSe cintake zuM zuM vicAratA hatA. jagata vize cArvAkadraSTi mULa kAraNanI zeAdha karanArAenAM e valaNa mukhya dekhAya cheH paheluM valaNa jagatanA mULamAM, enA kAraNa tarIke, keAI eka tattvanI zodha karanAruM che; jyAre bIjI, enA mULa kAraNa lekhe aneka tattvAnI zodha karanAruM che. paheluM valaNa mukhyapaNe upaniSadomAM che; jyAre bIjuM valaNa jaina, auddha Adi zramaNamAgIya paraMparAemAM dekhAya che. mULa eka tattvanI zeAdha karanAra hoya ke aneka tattvanI, paNa e zeAdhane prArabha tA indriyagamya viSayathI thAya che. tethI cintaka keAI paNa hAya, te prathama indriyagamya viSaya kayA ane kevA che te jue che--ane prakAranA valaNAnI A sAmAnya bhUmikA che. ema lAge che ke pahelavahelAM je indriyagamya jagata dhyAnamAM AvyuM tene ja lakSI keTalAMka cintakAe jagatanuM svarUpa paMcabhUtamaya yA paMcadhAtu ke skaMdhamaya mAnI lIdhuM ane e ja mAnyatAne AdhAre teo bIjA badhA khulAsA karavA lAgyA. pRthvI, pANI, agni, vAyu ane AkAza--e pAMca bhUta kahevAya che. ene ja skaMdha paNa kahe che. dhAtu ane kAya e zabdo paNa te arthamAM vaparAya che. AgaLa jatAM te mATe dravyapada paNa vaparAyu che. pRthvI Adi cAra tattvA te indriyagamya hoI te viSe koInI vipratipatti che ja nahi. e ja rIte e cAra tattvAnA AdhAra lekhe AkAza tattva paNa sarvasaMmata che. te amAM bhUtapada vaparAyuM; eTale ke e tattvA astitva dharAve che, ane satya paNa che. jema keI vRkSa skandha thaDane AdhAre Ubhu` rahe che, tema A pAMca bhUtane AdhAre jagatama`Dapa che. tethI e bhUtAne

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33 skandha paNa kahyA. dhAtune artha paNa e ja che. je vizvane dhAre ane paze te dhAtu-jema vAta-pitta-kapha zarIranAM dhAraka ane poSaka hAI dhAtu kahevAya che tema. kAyane artha che saMghaTita saMsthAna. ukta ta vizvanAM judAM judAM saMsthAne hAI kAya paNa kahevAya che. e ja to deza ane kALanA paTamAM anubhavAtAM vividha guNa ane kriyAonA drava-pravAhavALAM hovAthI dravya paNa kahevAya che. A rIte jagata pAMcabhautika che e mAnyatA astitvamAM AvI. A pAMca bhUtane nirdeza upaniSadomAM che, tema bauddha ane jena Adi prAcIna granthamAM paNa che. paraMtu jema jema zepa AgaLa vadhatI gaI ane Indriyagamya sthULa bhautika uparathI sUkama kAraNa tarapha vaLI, tema tema pAMcabhautika mAnyatAne saMpradAya ethI judo paDI gaye. e tyAM ja vira ane sthApavA lAge ke pAMca bhUta sivAya bIjuM kazuM nathI. A mata bAhaspatya, lokAyata, pauradara ke cArvAka tarIke jANItuM che. emAM kALakrame AkAza sivAyanAM cAra bhUta mAnavAnI eka paraMparA paNa cAlI che. sUkSma kAraNanI zodhanAM prasthAne je cintake mAtra Indriyagamya tattvanA vicAramAM ja saMtuSTa na hatA, temaNe evAM tattvonAM kAraNanI vicAraNA karavA mAMDI. temane jaNAyuM ke dazya bhautika to utpanna thAya che ane nAza paNa pAme che. je vastu kArya hoya tenuM kAraNa hovuM ja joIe, ane kAraNathI virUpa kArya saMbhavI na zake--evA kAryakAraNabhAvanA tema ja sadazyanA siddhAntane avalaMbI temaNe kAraNamImAMsA prAraMbhI. temAMthI jee mukhyapaNe vAyutattvanA saMskAravALA hatA, temaNe vAyurUpe mULa kAraNa mAnI temAMthI jJAtasRSTi ghaTAvI. jeo vaLI Apa=jaLa yA teja = agni tema ja AkAzatatvanA upAsaka hatA, temaNe te te nAmathI eka ja tattvane mULa kAraNa mAnI pitAnI rIte sRSTi ghaTAvI. Ama mULa kAraNanI vicAraNanAM vividha prasthAne astitvamAM AvyAM. temAM bIjuM eka umerAyuM : keIe vicAryuM ke dazya jagata asti che te tenuM kAraNa satu-sadA-astirUpa hovuM joIe. e rIte teNe sarUpe ja mULa kAraNa nirUpyuM; paNa keIe vicAryuM hovuM joIe ke jema dRzyamAna vastuo "nathI hotI" ane chatAM te astitvamAM Ave che, tema e mULa kAraNa tarIke kalpAtuM satattva paNa asatamAMthI ja kema udbhavyuM na hoya ? e praznane bIjA keI vicArakane ema mAnavA preryo ke mULa kAraNa asat arthAt nAsti hovuM joIe. atyAra lagInAM prasthAnamAM sat ane asat e be vicAre taddana parasparavirodhI hatA; ane vicArakomAM pravartate 1. juo sAmannapura"mAM ajita kesambalIne mata; "sUtratA " 1.1,17; mRtAni zaniH - vetAzvataropaniSad. 1. 2.

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A vidhi maulika hatuM. tethI eka RSie taittirIya upaniSadamAM prazna karyo ke je sarvathA asatu yA nAstirUpa hoya temAMthI sat kevI rIte janme ? kArya kAraNathI viruddha na hoI zake. A praznamAMthI be ekAMtika daSTione samanvayamArga paNa koIne sUkyo. teNe kahyuM ke asat eTale sarvathA nAstirUpa nahi paNa nAmarUpasvabhAve avyakta dazA, eTaluM ja. temAMthI sat janma eno artha e vyakta thAya eTale ja. A badhA vicAre upaniSadomAM jude jude sthAne noMdhAyA che.' nAsadIyasUktamAM je asat ane sane niSedha che te upara sUcavela prAthamika be ekAntone ja niSedha che. paNa sUktanA praNetAnuM mULa kAraNanuM svarUpa avyakta bhAse che. tethI ja te aneka vidhI kaMDhone niSedha karI "gAnIvAta' e zabdamAM mULa kAraNanuM kuraNa sUcave che ane enA svarUpane anta praznarUpe rajU kare che, je eka rIte avyAkRtane ja bhAva sUcave che. TvedanA pahelA maMDaLamAM eka ja sattattvane agni, Apa Adi aneka rUpe varNavanAra vicArakone nirdeza che. te paNa eka samanvayamArga che. jema sat ane asat e be ekAntane, avyakta, ane vyaktarUpe samanvaya thaye, tema mULa kAraNa tarIke nirvivAda svIkRta thayela sattattvamAM prathamathI judA judA pravartamAna evA vAyu, Apa, agni, AkAza Adi nAmathI cAlatA vicArapravAhane paNa samanvaya thaye. 1. asahnA rUma pAritu . tato hai sanAyata -taittirIyonivar. 2.. naiveha kiMcanAgra AsIt , mRtyunaivedamAvRtamAsIt-bRhadAraNyakopaniSad. 1.2.1. asadevedamagra AsIt / tat sadAsIt / tat samabhavat / tadANDaM niravartata :chAyonivar. rU.11.1. taka Ahurasadevedamagra AsIdekamevAdvitIyam / tasmAdasataH sajjAyata / kutastu khala somyaivaM syAditi hovAca kathamasataH sajjAyateti / sattveva somyedamagra AsIdekamevAdvitIyam - chandothona. 62. 2. "sAkSAta koNa jANe che ? ahIM koNa kaheze ke "kyAMthI A janmI ? kyAMthI A sarjana thayuM ? AnA sarjana pachI deva thayA. tethI koNa jANe che ke zemAMthI (A badhuM) thayuM ? jemAMthI A visRSTi thaI teNe e nirmANa karI ke nahIM ? je Ane adhyakSa parama vyomamAM che te ja jANe che, athavA te paNa na jANatA hoya !" -nAsacadUra, Ave. 10.12.6-cha. 3. "g sad vijhA vahudhA varita - . 1.164.46.

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35 atyAra lagImAM dArzanika cintana eTaluM te sthira thayuM ke dazyamAna vizvanuM mULa kAraNa sat che, te mAtra nAstirUpa yA abhAvAtmaka hoI na zake-A bhUmikA mULa bahutattvavAdI paraMparAomAM paNa sacavAI rahI che. nyAya-vaizeSika sattAne zAzvata mAne che. akSapAda paNa abhAvanA ekAntane niSedha che. jaina paraMparA paNa mULa tattvane astikAyarUpe ja varNave che. parantu cintake mULa kAraNa sadarUpa che eTalA vicArathI ja na saMtoSAyA. temane saheje prazna thAya ke mULa kAraNa sat che e kharuM, te avyakta paNa bhale hoya; chatAM enuM svarUpa te kAMI tarka yA buddhithI jANavuM ane ghaTAvavuM ja joIe. A prakane kaI kapila jevA RSine eka rIte preryo te bIjA keI RSine bIjI rIte preryo. ahIMthI mULa kAraNanA svarUpa para pravAhe phaMTAyA lAge che jeoe mukhyapaNe buddhi-saMvedanane AdhAre skUla bhautika tattvamAMthI mULa kAraNanI zedha AdarI temane eka pravAha; ane jeoe mukhyapaNe IndriyAnubhavane AdhAre mULa kAraNanA svarUpanI vicAraNA karI te bIje pravAha. jagatanA svarUpa ane kAraNa vize sAMkhyadaSTi RSioe IndriyathI thate bhautika tanA rUpa, rasa, ga, sparza Adi guNone vividha anubhava te svIkAryo; paNa e anubhavamAMthI je buddhigata sukha, duHkha ane mehanI pratIti thAya che te pratItine prAdhAnya ApI temaNe vicAryuM te teone jaNAyuM ke anubhavanA viSaye, anubhavanAM upakaraNo ane anubhava karanAra buddhi e badhuM ja sukha, duHkha ne moharUpa che. temAMthI keIeka e bhAvathI mukta heya te evI pratIti na saMbhave. eka ja vastu judA judA draSTAone sukha, duHkha yA meharUpe anubhavAya che; eTaluM ja nahi, paNa eka ja draSTAne eka ja vastu kALabhede tevI 1. sAmAnyAvInAM trayALAM svAbhasara, yuddhakSAvai, tAragarva, samAcavizeSavardha, nityam, arthazAAnamiyaa..... - rAstAvimartha, sAvacce- vairyakAra lakSaNabhedAdeSAM dravyaguNakarmabhyaH padArthAntaratvaM siddham / ata eva ca nityatvam / -garAstAvimASya, sAmAnyaRT. 2. nyAyamUtra. 4.1.14 thI 18. 3. ajIvakAyA dharmAdharmAkAzapudgalAH / dravyANi jIvAzca / nityAvasthitAnyarUpANi / rUpiNaH purA:"--tavArtha0 6.1-4. sattA savvapayatthA savissaruvA agaMtapajjAyA / bhaMguSpAdadhuvattA sapaDivakhA havadi ekA // --paMjAtivAca. 8,

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anubhavAya che ane aneka vastuo ekIsAthe paNa tevI anubhavAya che. jyAre indriyAnubhava pravartamAna na hoya tyAre paNa buddhi sukha, duHkha ane mehanI kAMIne kAMI pratIti kare ja che. tethI ema mAnavuM joIe ke skUla yA sUkSma, bAhya yA Antara, raiya, jJAnapakaraNa yA jJAtA e badhuM sukha-duHkha-mahAtmaka ja hovuM ghaTe. A rIte teo e bhUlathI sUkama buddhi sudhInuM sArUpya ane e vacce kAryakAraNubhAva sthApyuM. paNa temane te e vyakti buddhithI AgaLa vadhI sat ane avyaktarUpe manAyela mULa kAraNanA svarUpano khulAso kare hatuM. tethI temaNe e vyakata buddhinA kAraNa lekhe e ja sarvasvIkRta sat ane avyakata tattvane mAnI lIdhuM. paNa mULa prazna te e tattvanA svarUpanirNayane hatuM. tethI temaNe pote svIkArela sukha-duHkha-mahAtmaka sAmAnya tattvane AdhAre te mULa kAraNanuM svarUpa nizcita karyuM. temaNe kahyuM ke je vastumAtramAM sukha-duHkha-mahAtmakatA sAdhAraNa heya to enA mULa kAraNamAM e sAdhAraNa svarUpanA niyAmaka aMze hovA ja joIe. e kalpanA uparathI temaNe evA paNa aMze mULa kAraNamAM mAnyA ke jene AdhAre sUkSma sthUla vivarUpyo khulAso paNa thAya ane peluM sAmAnya svarUpa paNa abAdhita rahe. te aMze eTale sattva, rajasa ane tamasa. e guNa kahevAya che, te eTalA arthamAM ke mULa tattvanA te paraspara avibhAjya ghaTake che. A traNa guNanAM kAryo parasparabhinna che. chatAM te badhA paraspara sahakArathI aMgagIbhAve pravRtti karyA kare che. tethI e traNa guNonAM anantavidha tAratamyavALAM pArasparika mizraNothI AgaLanI samagra sUma-skUla sRSTi vikase che. emane e prazna to thaye ja ke e aMtima kAraNanuM paNa kAraNa kema na hoya? tene javAba badhA dArzanike Ape che tema temaNe paNa ApyuM ke chevaTe te kayAMka viramavuM rahyuM. A rIte A vicArakanI daSTie triguNAtmaka avyakta evuM hatuMkAraNa te manAyuM; paNa ahIM pAchA aneka praznane UbhA thayA. jema ke dazyamAna jagata niHsIma ane vizvarUpa che arthAt nAnAvidha che; tema ja te sthUlatama, sthUlatara, sthUla, sUkama, sUphamatara ane sUkSmatama evI aneka kaTiomAM vibhakata che. jema kALapaTamAM e gatizIla che tema sthitizIla paNa bhAse che. to A badhAno khulAse mAtra eka ja mULa kAraNamAMthI kevI rIte thaI zake? AnA je uttara apAyA che te TUMkamAM A che: mULa kAraNa sarvavyApI che. e kALanI pUrvAparAnta keTithI para che. emAM gati ane sthitinuM paNa sUkama bIja che ane te eka kSaNamAtra paNa navanavAM rUpAntaremAM pariNata thayA sivAya rahetuM ja nathI. ane chatAM te pitAnuM mULa svarUpa kAyama sAcavI rAkhe che. enAmAM kulavAnI arthAt sUkSmatama avasthAmAMthI sUma avasthAmAM ane e kema bhUlatama bhautika avasthA sudhI pariNamavAnI zakti

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che, jene lIdhe te eka ja tattva, vaTabIja mahAna vRkSane sAkAra kare tema, vizvarUpa jagatane, keI bIjAnI preraNA sivAya ja, svayaMbhU zaktithI AkAra Ape che. tenI evI zakti che ke kyAreka te sarva pradhAna buddhinuM rUpa dhAraNa karI sukha-duHkha Adi bhAvane anubhava kare che ane vaLI te ja anya avasthA pAmI e anubhavanuM upakaraNa bane che. to vaLI te ja tattva temanI pradhAnatAthI grAhya-viSayarUpe paNa pariName che. A rIte te vicArake e eka ja mULa kAraNanI antargata nAnA zaktione AdhAre samagra vizvane khulAse karyo, paNa temane e praznano javAba te Ape ja hatuM ke je vizvarUpa jagata eka kAraNamAMthI sAkAra thatuM hoya te emAM kamaviparyAsa kema nathI thato ? pAchaLa thanAra pariNAma prathama, ane prathama thanAra pAchaLa kema na thAya ? Ane uttara temaNe e mULa tattvamAM kALazakti yA kamaniyama mAnIne Ave che. temaNe kahyuM che ke e mULa kAraNanI pariNAmazakti evI che ke te kamanuM kadI ullaMghana karatI nathI. ane jema jema te sthaLa pariNAma dhAraNa kare che tema tema te pariNAmonAM sthiti ane vistAra ghaTe che jyAre sUkama ane sUkSmatama pariNAma dhAraNa kare che tyAre tenI sthiti ane vistAra laMbAya che. eTaluM ja nahi, paNa anaMtAnaMta navanavAM pariNAmarUpe vikasavA ane vyakta thavA chatAM te mULa tattva akhUTa ane ananta ja rahe che. - A vicArasaraNI sAMkhyadana tarIke jANItI che. kapila enA Adi-vidvAna ane paramarSi gaNAya che. A vicArasaraNInAM bIjake upaniSadomAM te che ja, paNa mahAbhArata, caraka, purANa, smRti ane aneka kAvyamAMya e aneka rIte carcAI che. gItA te ene AdhAre ja racAI che. pAtaMjala yogazAstranI te e AdhArazilA che ja, paNa hiraNyagarbhanI prAcIna paraMparAnIye e bhUmikA rahI che. sAmAnya rIte ema kahI zakAya ke A sAMkhyavicArasaraNIe ane tene keTalAka maulika siddhAnta e bhAratIya darzananA bahu moTA bhAgane Avarelo che-bhale temAM bIjA sudhArA ke umerA thayA hoya. upara je TUMka varNana karyuM che te vIsa tattvavAdI sAMkhya paraMparAne lakSI karyuM che. ene anusarI ApaNe joyuM ke mULa kAraNa, je prakRti tarIke jANItuM che. ane AgaLa jatAM jene pradhAna paNa kahevAmAM AvyuM che, temAMthI ja jJAtA-bhaktA, jJAna ane bheganAM sAdhane, tema ja ya ane bhogya vastuo--e badhuM pariName che. jagatanA svarUpa ane kAraNa vize brahmavAdI draSTi paraMtu mULa kAraNane vicAra tyAM ja nathI . keTalAkane vicAra Avyo ke vibhaktomAM avibhakta, vizeSamAM sAmAnya, vyaktimAM avyakta evuM triguNAtmaka,

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38 sarva vyApI, pariNAmI dravya bhale hoya, paNa chevaTe te te sahaja cetanA ane AnandahIna che, ane mAtra acetana sattva-raja-tamasa guNane samudAya che. te emAMthI cetana evA sarvathA vilakSaNa jJAtA bhAktAne uddabhava kevI rIte saMbhave ? A praznane temane eka evuM mULa tattva mAnavA preryA ke je sat, cit ane Ananda ema trirUpa hoya. cAvIsa tattvavAdI sAMkhye sattva, rajas ane tamas e traNa azavALI prakRtine mULa mAnI lIdhuM hatuM; te A navA prasthAne enA sthAnamAM sat cit ane AnaMda evA traNa aMzavALuM cetanatattva mULa kAraNa tarIke kahyuM. astitva-aMza ane mAnyatAmAM samAna che. phera che te eTale ja ke prathama mAnyatAmAM sattvaguNu jJAna, sukha Adi anubhavarUpe pariName che; ethI kaI judI cetanA yA AnaMda nathI; tyAre bIjI mAnyatAmAM cetanA ane AnaMda-aMza sahaja che. temAMthI ja jJAna, sukha, duHkha Adi pariNAme AvirbhAva pAme che. jyAre AvuM saccidAnaMdarUpa mULa tattva kalpAyuM tyAre cintakoe e tattvane ja pradhAna yA prakRtinI peThe pariNAmI mAnI emAMthI sahaja zaktine maLe jJAtA bhAktA jIva ane jJeya-bhAgya jaDa jagata-e bannenI utpatti ghaTAvI. A rIte mULa kAraNa prakRtine badale eka bIjI' mULa kAraNa kalpAyuM. ene brahmatattva paNa kahe che ane nArAyaNa Adi rUpe paNa oLakhAve che. A vicArasaraNI mahAbhAratamAM teA che ja, paNa gItAmAMya che. mahAbhAratamAM jyAM chavvIsa tattvavAdI sAMkhyapara parAnu varNana Ave che tyAM A mAnyatA spaSTa che. ema lAge che ke brahma, nArAyaNa yA saccidAnaMdarUpa mULa tattvane AdhAre je vicArasaraNI janmI te eAdhAyana Adi AcAryAnI paraparAmAM sacavAI ane vikasI. e brahmatattva evuM che ke je eka taraphathI triguNAtmaka prakRtinuM paNa prabhavasthAna che ane sAthe ja jJAtA-bhAktA jIvanuM paNa prabhavasthAna che. A rIte e brahmavAdIone mate brahmanA je pradhAnAtmaka pariNAma che, te ja acetana vizvakeTimAM Ave che. A pariNAmI brahmavAda kALakrame judI judI para parAemAM kAMIka ne kAMIka bhinna bhinna rUpe nirUpAtA rahyo che; jema ke seApAdhika brahmavAda, viziSTAdvaita brahmavAda, yA zuddhAdvaita brahmavAda. A badhA vAdomAM mULa tattva te eka ja che, paNa te pariNAmI heAI temAMthI badhuM vaividhya ghaTAvAya che. jagatanA svarUpa ane kAraNa vize vaizeSika dRSTi A mULa eka tattvanI zeAdhanA vicArapravAhanuM TUMkuM' nirUpaNa thayuM.' have ApaNe mULa bahutattvavAdI zodha tarapha vaLIe. je vicArakA khAhya indriyAnA anubhavane 1. vividha kAryo uparathI sAdazyanA siddhAMtane AdhAre mULa eka kAraNane zodhavAnI prakriyA sAMkhyakArikAmAM spaSTa che. jue, sAMkhyakArikA 8 thI 16 sudhI.

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39 prAdhAnya ApatA temaNe pArthiva, jalIya, tejasa ane vAyavIya sRSTinA rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza, dravatva Adi guNA tarapha mukhya dhyAna ApyuM. temaNe kAya kAraNanA ane sAdazyanA siddhAnta te svIkAryAM, paNa temane ukta rUpa, rasa Adi guNAnI sthUla bhUtamAM thatI anubhUtinA khulAse tenAM kAraNomAMthI meLavavA hatA. eTale tee dezya sthUla bhUtAnAM kAraNeAne paNa samAna guNavALA ja mAnI kAraNaparaMparAnI zedhamAM AgaLa vadhyA. sthUla pArthiva vastumAM je guNA anubhavAya che te tenA kAraNamAM paNa hAvA ja joI e. ane kAraNu e te kAryathI sUkSma hovAnuM. A rIte vicAratAM teo chevaTe e niSkarSa para AvyA ke pArthivanAM aMtima kAraNeA pArthiva ja hAya ane jalIya, tejasa ane vAyavIya sRSTinAM mULa kAraNA paNa te te tattvanI jAtinAM ja hAvAM joIe. A antima mULa kAraNa tarIke temaNe je bhUtatattvA pyAM te paramANusvarUpa kalpyAM. eTale paramANunI sUkSmatA e aMtima ane tene AgaLa vibhAga paNa nathI thatA. A rIte aneka jAtinA taddana parasparavilakSaNa evAM anantAnaMta pArthiva, jalIya, tejasa ane vAyavIya paramANuone AdhAre temaNe kArya jagatanI upatti karI. kAraNa game teTaluM sUkSma hAya paNa te bIjA sajAtIya sUkSma kAraNeAnA sAgathI krame krame sthUla, sthUlatara kAryAM AraMbhe che ema mAnI temaNe ArabhavAda sthApyA. eTale ke e paramANuonA sacAgathI eka navuM DhaMcaNuka dravya uddabhave, je kAraNabhUta e paramANuethI juduM chatAM tene vyApIne rahe che. A rIte traNa caNukamAMthI eka zrRNuka ane cAra vyaNakamAMthI eka caturaNuka--e krame teoe pa ta, nadI, sUya Adi sthUla sRSTinI racanA goThavI. A vAdanI pariNAmavAdathI bhinnatA e che ke piraNAmavAda mULa kAraNamAM ja badhAM kramika kAryonuM astitva svIkArI e kAryAM anukrame AvirbhAva pAmatAM jAya tyAreya temAM mULa kAraNane etapreta mAne che; ane A AviAva pAmanAra kAryA, e kAI taddana navAM astitvamAM nathI AvatAM, paNa avyakta rUpe kAraNamAM hatAM te ja nimitta AdinI anukULatA prApta thatAM dRzya ane che; jyAre ArabhavAdamAM badhAM ja kAryA kAraNathI taddana bhinna ane navAM ja utpanna thatAM manAya che. eTale te te jAtinA anaMtAnaMta paramANue peAtAnI mULa sthitimAM jevAM ne tevAM rahIne pAtAmAMthI ja sAmagrIne khaLe peAtAnAM jevAM asaMkhya kAryAM navAM ja AraMbhe che. AraMbhavAdamAM kAya kAraNane sava thA bheda che; jyAre pariNAmavAdamAM abhedanuM prAdhAnya che. ArabhavAdamAM pArthiva kAryanAM 1. sAraLavajityam / tacArya hriAm|ALAmAvAtAryAmavaH / prazastavAmaghyanI sRSTisaMhAraprakriyAmAM A vAkayA jue : tataH pravibhaktAH paramANavo'vatiSThante / evaM samutpanneSu caturSu mahAbhUteSu / vairoSirzana. 2.3.1-2,

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kAraNe pArthiva paramANuo ja che, ane jaLakAyanA jaLaparamANuo, ItyAdi. vaLI pArthiva anantAnanta paramANuo paNa pRthvIrUpe tulya jAtIya hovA chatAM paraspara atyanta vyAvRtta che, ane A pArthiva dravyamAM saMbhave tevA badhA guNa dharAvatA hoya che. AraMbhavAda pramANe pArthiva, jalIya, tejasa, vAyavIya ema cAtubhautika anantAnanta paramANuo jaDa jagatanAM mULa kAraNa manAyAM ane sAthe ja AkAza, dizA, kALa jevAM nitya tattvone paNa jaDa jagatamAM sthAna maLyuM. A vaizeSika mAnyatA thaI, je mULamAM aneka tattvone kAraNa tarIke mAnanAra paraMparAomAMne eka pravAha che. jagatanA svarUpa ane kAraNa vize jaina dRSTi e ja eka bIje paNa vicArapravAha che, je mULamAM aneka tattvone kAraNa mAnI jagatanuM svarUpa vicAre che. te pravAha jaina paraMparA tarIke jANItuM che. e kahe che ke acetana jagata mULa cAra astikAyarUpa che. temAM AkAza tattva te eka ja che, jevuM vaizeSika darzana svIkAre che; paNa mULa paramANuonA svarUpanI bAbatamAM te pravAha vaizeSika darzananA AraMbhavAdathI taddana jude paDe che. jaina paraMparA mAne che ke paramANuo anantAnanta che kharA, paNa temAM pArthiva, Akhya Adi je kaI maulika bheda nathI. game te paramANu nimitta pramANe game te rUpa dhAraNa kare. je paramANuo eka vAra pArthiva rUpe pariNAma pAmyA hoya te ja bIjI vAra sAmagrI badalAtAM jalIya tejasa yA vAyavIya rUpe paNa pariName. eTale paramANuomAM kaI jAtibheda nathI. bIjI bAbata e che ke dareka paramANumAM varNa, gaMdha, rasa ane sparzanI zaktio samAna che; te nimitta pramANe aneka rUpe pariName eTaluM ja. ema nathI ke koI eka paramANumAM varNa, gagha, rasa ane sparzanI amuka ja zakti hoya 1. jaina paraMparA dharmAstikAya nAmanuM dravya mAne che. tenuM kArya gatimAM upayogI thavAnuM che, ane adharmAstikAyanuM kArya sthitimAM upayogI thavAnuM. A be konI tulanA sAMkhyasaMmata pradhAnatattvanAM be ghaTaka sAthe karI zakAya : rajoguNa e cela hoI gatizIla che. te prAkRta kAryone gatimAM rAkhe che, jyAre tamoguNa e gatinuM niyantraNa kare che. (sAMkhyakArikA 13.) A sAthe vaLI IzvarakRSNanI- dharmeNa gamanamU gamanamadhastAdbhavatyadharmeNa / jJAnena cApavargo viparyayAdiSyate bandhaH // 44 / / A kArikA zabdadaSTie sarakhAvavA jevI che. ajIvakAyA dharmAdharmAkAzapudgalAH : 1 / dravyANi jIvAzca / 2 / gatisthityupagraho dharmAdharmayorupakAraH : 17 / -tattvArtha vyAsa. 5.

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kA ane khIjAmAM te na hoya. badhA ja paramANuemAM e zaktie mULamAM samAna hovA chatAM tenuM pariNAmavaicitrya sAmagrIbhedane lIdhe thAya che. vaLI e paraparA ema mAne che ke paramANuonA saghAtathI udbhavanAra skandha e koI vaizeSikanI mAnyatA jevuM navuM dravya nathI, paNa e te paramANusamudAyanI eka viziSTa racanA yA sa'sthAna mAtra che. vaLI vaizeSika paraMparA paramANuone phUTasthanitya mAnI, utpAda-vinAza pAmanAra dravya yA guNa-karma e badhAMne taddana bhinna mAnI, phUTasthaniyatA ghaTAve che; tyAre jaina para'parA evI phUTasthanityatA na mAnatA sAMsaMmata pariNAminityatA mAne che ane samagra paramANuone potapotAnA vaiyaktika svarUpe zAzvata mAnavA chatAM tenA skandhA, temAM udbhavatA guNa-karmA----e badhAMne mULa paramANuonA pariNAma lekhI tenAthI abhinna ane chatAM kAMIka bhinna mAnI pariNAminityatAnI vyAkhyA kare che. jema sAMkhya paraMparA mULa eka ja prakRtimAMthI guNeAnAM tAratamyayukta mizraNA ane pariNAmazaktine AdhAre sthUla-sUkSma jagatanuM vaizvarUpya ghaTAve che, tema jaina paraparA anantAnanta paramANuonI pariNAmazakti ane tenA vividha sa'zleSaNa-vizleSaNane AdhAre sthUla-sUkrama samagra bhautika sRSTinI upatti kare che. vaizeSika ane jaina para'parA vacce paramANunA svarUpa paratve aneka prakAranI judI judI mAnyatAo che. ahIM dhyAna ApavA jevA eka bheda nAMdhI A vicArasaraNI pUrI karIe. te bheda eTale paramANunA kada yA parimANuneA. vaizeSika para parA sUrya jALamAM dekhAtA rajakaNanA chaThThA bhAgane ja aMtima paramANu mAnI tyAM virame che; teA jaina paraMparA evA eka paramANune paNa anantAnanta paramANuonA skandha tarIke nirUpe che, ane ema paNa mAne che ke jeTalA avakAzamAM eka aMtima paramANu rahe, teTalA avakAzamAM tevA bIjA anantAnanta paramANuo ja nahi paNa evA skandhA paNa rahI zake. A rIte jotAM jaina para'parAsaMmata paramANue vyakitazaH anantAnanta hovA chatAM tenI sUkSmatA evI manI jAya che ke jANe sAMkhyanI prakRtinI ja sUkSmatA na hoya ! alakhata, e te phera ja che ke prakRti sUkSma chatAM eka ane vyApaka che, jyAre e paramANue sUkSma chatAM anantAnanta ane parama apakRSTa che. jagatanA svarUpa ane kAraNa vize bhinna bhinna bauddha dRSTie auddha para'parA jagatane rUpAtmaka kahe che ene mate rUpa eTale mAtra netragrAhya eTalA atha nathI paNa je je indriyagrAhya thaI zake e badhAM bhUta-bhautika tattvane e OM 1. tattvArthaM 5.4,10,11,23 thI 28. pudgalanI vizeSa vicAraNA mATe jIe sthAna-samavAyAMga ( gujarAtI bhASAMtara gujarAta vidyApITha), pR. 131thI ane leAkaprakAza bhAga 1, saga 11.

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ra rUpa kahe che. nyAya-vaizeSika ane jaina paraparAnI peThe bauddha para parAe paNa indriyagrAhya sthUla rUpa, rasa Adi bhautika kArya ne pradhAna rAkhI tenA kAraNane vicAra karyAM che. eNe paNa kAya kAraNanA siddhAntamAM sAdazyanA siddhAnta svIkAryA che jevuM kAya tevuM ja kAraNa. jo bhautika kAyarUpa, rasa Adi rUpe indriyagrAhya che te enuM sUkSma, sUkSmatara ane sukSmatama arthAt atIndriya evuM aMtima kAraNa paNa evuM ja arthAt rUpa, rasa, gandha ane sparzAdi svarUpa ja hoI zake. A vicArasaraNI pramANe teNe sthUla-suma samagra jagatane rUpa padathI nirdezyu che. paNa auddhasa+mata rUpa arthAt bhUta-bhautika ane nyAya-vaizeSika tema ja jainasa Mmata bhUta-bhautikanA svarUpa vacce bahu mADhuM aMtara che. jema nyAya-vaizeSika ane jaina paraMparA aNu-paramANuvAdI che, tema auddha para`parA paNu aNu-paramANuvAdI che. tema chatAM enI mAnyatA, jema sAMkhyasaMmata eka prakRtitattvavAdathI judI paDe che tema, nyAya-vaizeSika ane jainasaMmata nitya ananta paramANutattvavAdathI paNa judI paDe che. 1 auddha para parA bhUtabahutvavAdI che. paNa te koI paNa tattvamAM nityatva yA dhruvatva svIkAratI nathI. te kahe che ke tattvanuM khaMdhAraNa ja satata pheraphAra pAmavAnu... che. te kALa nAmanA koI tattvane svatantra mAnI tenI asarathI vastumAM pheraphAra na mAnatAM vastumAtranA svabhAvathI ja pravartamAna evA kSaNika parivananA kramane ja kALa kahe che. tethI te sAMkhyu ane jainanI peThe pratyeka kSaNe thatAM navanavAM piraNAme yA paryAyAnI dhArAmAM sadA anucUta evuM kAI tattva nathI mAnatI. paNa te satata gatizIla kSaNika parivartanadhArAne svIkAre che. sAMkhya dRSTie aneka kramika pariNAmeAmAM eka prakRtitattva sadAvatamAna ane vyApaka hoya che; bhale te pariNAme pramANe pAte paNa avasthAntara pAmatu. rahe. nyAya--vaizeSika dRSTie navAMnavA dravya Adi kAryo utpanna thAya che tyAre te kAryAnA AdhAre mULa paramANuo, koI paNa jAtanA pheraphAra pAmyA sivAya phUTanitya rahe che. jaina dRSTie navAM navAM bhautika kAryAnA AdhAra paNa paramANu ja che. bhale te paramANue vaizeSika matanI peThe kAryAthI taddana bhinna ane svatantra na heAya. paNa sAMkhya, nyAyavaizeSika ane jaina e badhAmAM eka khAkhata samAna che ane te e ke mULa dravyanuM dharmIrUpe vyaktitva akhaMDa rahe che. sAMkhyamate jema eka prakRtitattvanuM sarvAdhAra yA savadhamI lekhe vyaktitva akhaDita rahe che, tema nyAya-vaizeSika ane jaina mate 1. vidyuddhimAna 2. sAMvyArA, 10. 14.23-80, 3. AzritatvaM cAnyatra nityadravyebhyaH / ... anAzritatvanityatve cAnyatra avayavidravyebhyaH / --prarAstavAtamASya, dravyasAdhacaMdravaLa,

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43 paNa anantAnanta paramANuonuM vyaktitva sadAvana rahe che. A rIte A traNe paraMparAo pitapatAnI rIte nityadhamIvAdI che; jyAre bauddha paraMparA AthI sAva judI paDe che. te kahe che ke pUrva ane uttara kSaNarUpe je be bhinna kAryo thAya che, temAM kaI eka anugAmI dhama tatva nathI rahetuM. eTale bauddha daSTie keI eka akhaMDa vyaktine AdhAre sUkSamaNUla bhautika sarjane nathI thatAM, paNa te ekane laIne bIjuM ane bIjAne laIne trIjuM ema pratItyasamutpannarUpe rUpajagatanuM parivartana cAlyA ja kare che. bauddha paraMparA kaI evuM upAdAnatattva nathI kalpatI ke je kAryarUpe pariName athavA jemAM kAryo janma. te te eTaluM ja kahe che ke pUrva kSaNamAM kaI eka avasthA che, jene lIdhe uttara kSaNamAM navI avasthA utpanna thAya che. A rIte dhamIrUpe eka yA aneka maulika tane asvIkAra karyA chatAM te bahutvavAdI to che ja. bauddhasaMmata rUpabahatva e saMtatibahatva che. emAM paNa eka vizeSatA e che ke eka ja saMtatimAM eka kSaNe judI judI IndriyethI anubhavAtA rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza Adi guNe e paNa paraspara avibhAjya hovA chatAM bhinna che. tethI bauddha daSTie paramANuno artha eTale ja phalita thAya che ke ekakSaNajIvI je rUpadharma yA rasadharma te ja rUpa, rasa, gandha Adi aMtima bhUta paramANuo. A rIte bauddha paraMparAe dhamIno niSedha karI mAtra kSaNika dharmone svIkAryA. evA dharmonI ananta saMtatie e ja bhautika jagata evI saMtatie kyAreka prathama astitvamAM AvI ane kyAreka sarvathA anta pAmaze, ema na manAtuM hovAthI te anAdianaMta manAya che. A rIte pariNAminityatA ane kUTasthanityatAnI tArkika samAcanAne pariNAme bauddha paraMparAmAM saMtatinityatAvAda astitvamAM AvyuM. sAmAnya rIte ema kahI zakAya ke sAMkhya, nyAya-vaizeSika ane jaina paraMparAmAM je tattva paratve maulika dhAraNue prathama sthapAI temAM Aja sudhI koI antara paDyuM nathI. jyAre bauddha ane aupaniSada paraMparAonI sthiti ne khI che. jema upaniSadone AdhAre tattvane vicAra karanAra vedAntIomAM ekabIjAthI taddha judI paDatI mAnyatAo astitvamAM AvI che--jema ke pariNAmavAdI badhAyana ane mAyAvAdI zaMkara AdinI-tema bauddha paraMparAmAM paNa banyuM che. buddhanA upadezane AdhAra lenAra sarvAstivAdI paraMparA je svarUpe che te karatAM te ja 1. nicAritAcALa che vaLa drArA ityAdi-taravAtha0 6. 3-4. 2. tattvasaMgraha-gata sthirabhAvaparIkSA, karmaphalasaMbaMdha parIkSA, dravya parIkSA, syAdvAdaparIkSA ane saikAlya parIkSA.

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upadezane AdhAre sautrAntika paraMparA juduM sthApe che. vaLI vijJAnavAdI ane zUnyavAdI ukta bane paraMparAothI taddana judu mantavya dharAve che ane paraspara paNuM maMtavyabheda seve che. sarvAstivAdI ane sautrAtika bane zAkhAo pariNAmI ke kUTastha evA kaI nitya dhamane na svIkAratAM dharmabahutva svIkAre che; paNa sarvAstivAdIsaMmata dharma e saikAlika heI eka rIte dhamasvarUpa banI jAya che. je anAgata avasthAmAM hatuM te ja vartamAna bane che ane pAchuM te ja vartamAnatA tyajI atItatA dhAraNa kare che. Ama sarva dharmonuM astitva mAnavA jatAM pratyeka dharma kAlika hoI dhama je bane che ane tenuM kALabhede lakSaNa ane avasthAnuM svarUpa e tenA dharmo bane che. A mAnyatA bIjA bauddhone buddhanA upadezathI viruddha lAgI. eTale temaNe pratyeka dharmanuM astitva mAtra vartamAna kALamAM sImita karyuM. temaNe kahyuM ke je astitva dharAve che te ja vartamAna che. bhUta ane bhaviSyanuM astitva hoI ja kema zake? astitvane artha e che ke kAMIka paNa artha kiyA karavI. evI kiyA te vartamAna ja karI zake; A rIte dhamanA ucchedamAMthI dharmanI sthApanA ane dharmanA vaikAlikavamAMthI tenI mAtra vartamAnatA bauddha paraMparAmAM sthapAI. jyAre sarvAstivAdIoe dharmonuM saikAlikatva sthApyuM, tyAre temanA upara sAMkhya yA bIjA pariNAmavAdIonI asara hoya ema lAge che. paNa mAtra vartamAna dharmane svIkAranAra sautrAtika kAryakAraNabhAvanI mALA kema goThave che, e paNa eka dhyAna devA jevA mahatvane muddo che. te kahe che ke pUrva kSaNamAM je rUpa, rasa, gabdha, sparza Adine avibhAjya samudAya hoya te utpanna thatAveMta ja nAza pAme che; enA utpAda ane nAza vacce koI sthiti-kSaNa nathI hotuM. eTale pUrva kSaNa koI paNa nAzaka kAraNa sivAya ja svataH vinazvara che. ane eno vinAza thAya eTale bIjA navA kSaNane utpAda; AnuM nAma Anandaryane niyama. A be kSaNe vacce kALakRta koI antara nathI. te bane avicchinna kahI zakAya e ja rIte cAlatI kSaNenI dhArA te kSaNasaMtati. je rUpa, rasa, Adi dharmo Indriyagamya thAya che te tatkAlIna dazyasaMtati che. paNa evI adazya saMtatioya hoya che. 1. A mATe juo, dharmatrota Adi cAra AcAryonA pakSe -tattvasaMgrahapaMjikA pR. 504; tulanA kare, yogasUtra vibhUtipAda sUtra 13-14 bhASya sAthe; juo, "History of Philosophy-Eastern and Western" Vol. 1. Buddhist Philosophy (IX)-B. Historical Introduction to the Indian Schools of Buddhism by Vidhushekhara Bhattacarya, p. 173.

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A rIte kALa ane dezanA judA judA aMzemAM vaheMcAyeluM jagata mAnanAra bauddho ekatvabuddhi yA pratyabhijJAnuM samarthana kema karatA haze, e paNa prazna che. bauddho kahe che ke jema nyAya-vaizeSika ane jaina mate dareka paramANu dravyarUpe paraspara atyanta bhinna che, chatAM teo navA avayavI dravyanI yA saMghAtanI sthiratA mAnI temAM ekatvabuddhi kare che, tema ame evuM kaI dIrghakAlIna avayavI yA saMghAta dravya nathI mAnatA, je pratyabhijJAna viSaya bane paNa jyAM lagI draSTAne sAdaNyanuM bhAna thAya che, tyAM lagI te saMtatinA teTalA bhAgamAM ekatvabuddhi bramathI kare che. jene sarvathA antaHprajJA udita thaI hoya tevA tathAgata vagere te pratyeka dharmane paraspara bhinna ja nihALe che. paNa e pAramArthika bheda carmacakSune viSaya nathI, tethI sAdhAraNa loka sAdazya yA brAnta abheda buddhithI badhe vyavahAra kare che.' jagatanA svarUpa para chelle be mahatvanI vicAradhArAone ullekha paNa kare joIe. pahelI bauddha paraMparAmAMthI udaya pAmI che, ane bIjI aupaniSada paraMparAmAMthI. banne vicAradhArAnA mULamAM tattvabheda che, nirUpaNabheda paNa che; chatAM judA judA zabdomAM paNa te baMne lagabhaga eka ja siddhAntanuM pratipAdana kare che. mahAyAnI vicAradhArA dazyamAna bhedamaya rUpAdi prapaMcane avidyAkalpita yA saMvRtisatya kahI nirUpe che. A nirUpaNamAM vijJAnavAdI ane zUnyavAdI baneno sAmAnya rIte samAsa thaI jAya che; jyAre kevalAdvaitavAdI zaMkara jagatane mAyika kahI nirUpe che. mahAyAnI vicAradhArA jagatane avidyAmUlaka sAMvRta kahe che tyAre tene bhAva e che ke A dazyamAna skUla, sUkSma tema ja bhedapradhAna bAhya vizva e kaI vAstavika nathI, paNa mAtra avidyA yA ajJAnanI vAsanAthI tevuM bhAse che. zaMkaranI daSTie paNa dazyamAna nAmarUpatmika jagata e kaI vAstavika nathI, paNa mAyAnA pariNAmarUpe adhikAnamAM bhAse che, eTaluM ja. ApaNe pahelAM joyuM che ke sAMkhyAcAryoe sukha-duHkha-mahAtmakatAnA sArvatrika anubhavane AdhAre tenA aMtima kAraNa lekhe ekamAtra triguNAtmaka sarvavyApI pradhAnatattvanI sthApanA karI temAMthI vaizvarUNa ghaTAvyuM; te jaina, nyAyavaizeSika ane sthaviravAdI bauddhoe IndriyagrAhI rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparzAdi guNone vAstavika mAnI tenA AdhAre tenI kAraNaparaMparAne vicAra karyo, ane chevaTe aMtima kAraNu lekhe, keIe pariNAminitya anantAnanta niraMza paramANudra mAnyAM, te koIe phUTasthanitya evAM niraMza anaMta paramANu mAnyAM, vaLI bIjAe tevAM keI sthira paramANudra na mAnatAM mAtra asthira ane kSaNika dharmone 1. tattvasaMgrahanI sthirabhAvaparIkSA-ka. 350-475; hetubindu TIkA, pR. 141 Adi.

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ja mAnyA. ane saue pite mAnela mULa tamAMthI pitapatAnI rIte dazyamAna sUkama-sthUla kAryaprapaMcane vAstavika rUpe khulAse karyo. eTale ke A prapaMca je mana ane indriyathI anubhavAya che te parivartanazIla hoya chatAM mULa kAraNamAMthI yathArtha rUpe niSpanna thayele hAI vAstavika che. jenuM ajJAna sarvathA nivRtta thayuM hoya tenI daSTie paNa dazyamAna vizvaprapaMca te ja che, draSTA jJAnI hoya ke ajJAnI, tethI kAMI vizvanA svarUpamAM phera paDatuM nathI. A vAstavavAdI vicAradhArA thaI. jagatanA svarUpa paratve mahAyAnI ane kevalAdvaitI daSTinI tulanA paNa mahAyAnI ane zAMkara vicAradhArA judI ja kaTIne AdhAre pravRtta thaI hoya yA samathita thaI hoya ema lAge che. teo ema mAnatA rahyA che ke indriyajJAnane AdhAre jagatanuM svarUpa ane tenuM mULa kAraNa thayAvat jANI na zakAya. Indriyo bahu ja adhU chuM ane dUSita sAdhana che. te mAtra vartamAna ane sannikRSTa vastuthI AgaLa jatI ja nathI; eTaluM ja nahi, paNa eka ja vastunA je rUpa, rasa Adi guNa hoya te judA judA prANIvarganI indriyethI taddana judI judI rIte ja grahAya che. mAtra mAnavavarganI vAta karIe teya darekanI indriya zakti ekasarakhI nathI hatI ane e zaktio paNa ekasarakhuM kAma nathI ApatI. tethI jagatanA svarUpa ane tenA mULa kAraNane nizcaya karavAmAM indriyajJAna saphaLapaNe kAryasAdhaka thaI na zake. mana e bAhA Indriya karatAM bhale vizeSa zaktizALI hoya, chatAM tene thatAM sukha-duHkha-mahAtmakatAnA anubhavane AdhAre paNa jagatanuM svarUpa ane tenuM mULa kAraNa yathAvat jANI na zakAya. eka ja vastu samakALe judAM judAM manane judI judI rIte anubhavAya che, ane eka ja manane paNa kALabhede eka ja vastumAM ekasarakho anubhava nathI thatuM. vaLI jyAre mana niruddha dizAmAM yA vivekadazAmAM hoya tyAre te, enAM e bhecya padArtho ane bhegasAdhane havA chatAM, sukha, duHkha yA mahAtmaktAno anubhava karatuM nathI. je bhegya, bhegasAdhana ane bhaktA-mana e traNe svAbhAvika rIte sukha-duHkhamahAtmaka hoya, te mana kaI paNa dazAmAM evA anubhavathI mukta rahI zake nahi. tethI sthUla jagatanA svarUpa ane tenA kAraNanA svarUpanI bAbatamAM koI juduM ja dhoraNa svIkAravuM joIe, je bAhya indriyo tema ja mananA anubhava upara AdhAra rAkhatuM na hoya, evA koI dharaNanI dhamAMthI mahAyAnI ane kevalAddhatI vicAradhArA pravRtta thaI hoya tema lAge che. 1. juo, tattvasaMgraha. kA0 36thI. tathA nyAyAvatAravArtikavRttinuM TippaNa, pR. 155 tathA 135 ( hito.vi). juo, mAmA 1 1.2 "tanuM samavAta' tathA bhASyanI gosvAmI puruSottamajInI prArA TIkA.

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47 e dheAraNa eTale ceAgajJAna je jJAna vAsanA, sakleza yA vidyAthI sarvathA mukta evA cittamAM AvirbhAva pAme te ceAgajJAna. AvuM jJAna samagra bhAvanA yathAvat sAkSAtkAra karI zake che. tethI e jJAnane AdhAre ja jagatanA svarUpanA nirNaya thaI zake. A mAnyatAne AdhAre mahAyAnI paraMparA jagatanA svarUpa paratve eka nirNaya upara paheAMcI, te kevalAdvaitI paraparA kAMIka judA niya upara pahoMcI. mahAyAnI para'parAe kahyuM ke je indriyagrAhya yA manegrAhya khAhya rUpe bhAse che te bAhyatA mAtra avidyAne lIdhe che. kharI rIte avidyA na hoya te rUpAdi yA sukha-duHkhAdi jevuM dRzyamAna jagatanuM astitva che ja nahi. tethI tevuM jagata mithyA yA sAMvRta che. kevalAdvaitI paraMparAe sthApyu ke dezyamAna nAma-rUpAtmaka prapa`cabheda e mAyA yA avidyAnuM kArya hoI vAstavika rIte te astitva dharAvatuM nathI, mAtra mAyika che. khanne eka ja jAtanAM udAharaNAthI tapeAtAnAM mantrabyA sthApe che. jema svapnamAM keIne hAthI dekhAyA ane te paNa khArInA eka nAnA kANAmAMthI AvyeA. tene lIdhe te puruSa bhaya pAmyA, ane te eraDAmAMthI nIkaLI gayA-- ----A svapnagata vastu jema mAtra abhUtaparikalpa yA parikalpita che, tema jAgratakAlIna bAhya badhuM vizva asatkalpa ane parikalpita 1 1. "This would mean that when I see in a dream an elephant entering my room through a chink in a window, that the elephant has really entered the room; and when I in a dream see my own self quitting the room in which I sleep, it will mean that my person has been doubled. " --Buddhist Logic, Vol. 1. p. 525. svAgnika hastInA A rathAnamAM vasubandhumAM mAyAhastinu udAharaNa che-- mAyAkRtaM mantravazAtkhyAti hastyAtmanA yathA / AkAramAtraM tatrAsti hastI nAsti tu sarvathA // svabhAvaH kalpito hastI paratantrastadAkRtiH / yastatra hastyabhAvo'sau pariniSpanna iSyate // asatkalpastathA khyAti mUlacittAd dvayAtmanA / dvayamatyantato nAsti tatrAstyA kRtimAtrakam // mantravanmUlavijJAnaM kASTavattathatA hatyAkAravadeSTavyo vikalpo hastivad dvayam // matA / ane tenI tulanA paNu, jIe, temAM pR. 4ra. - trisvamAvanirdeza. jA. 27-rU.,

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45 che. mahAyAnInA A dRSTAntanAM jevAM ja kevalAdvaitInAM paNa dRSTAntA che. teo paNa kahe che ke endrajAlika je je rUA rajU kare che yA jema jhAMjhavAmAM jaLa dekhAya che, tevuM A vizva vastutaH mAyika che. A rIte banne para parAe judA judA zabdamAM paNu Adya jagatane avAstavika mAnI peAtapeAtAnI tAttvika mAnyatA sthApe che. mahAyAnI para parAe vaibhASika ane sautrAntika para parAe ka2ela aneka khAdya Antara kSaNika dharmAtmaka vAstavika jagatanA inkAra karI tene sAMdyuta yA kAlpanika mAnyuM, ane peAtAnI mAnyatAne AdhAra yuddhavacanamAMthI tAravyeA; jyAre kevalAdvaitI mAyAvAdI para parAe peAtAnI mAnyatAne AdhAra upaniSadomAMthI tAravyeA. baMnne pAtapeAtAnAM AdhArabhUta vacanA yA zAstrAne ceAgajJAnamUlaka ja mAnI potapeAtAnI tarka paraMparA tenA samarthanamAM rajU kare che. mahAyAnI bAhya jagatane asakalpa yA parikalpita mAnavA chatAM temAM pravatA samagra bhedamUlaka jIvanavyavahAra, vaibhASike svIkArelI dhAtu, skandha, Ayatana, dharma, Adi kalpanAone AdhAre ghaTAve che; jyAre mAyAvAdI kevalAdvaitI vizvaprapacane mithyA mAnavA chatAM 1. tadevaM hetupratyayApekSaM bhAvAnAmutpAdaM paridIpayatA bhagavatA ahetvekahetuviSama hetu saMbhUtatvaM svaparobhayakRtatvaM ca bhAvAnAM niSiddhaM bhavati / tanniSedhAcca sAMvRtAnAM padArthAnAM yathAvasthitaM sAMvRtaM svarUpamudbhAvitaM bhavati / -- madhyamavRtti. rR. 10. dve satye samupAzritya buddhAnAM dharmadezanA / lokasaMvRtisatyaM ca satyaM ca paramArthataH // --madhyamAriyA 24,8 yadi tarhi paramArthe niSprapaJcasvabhAvaH sa evAstu, tatkimanayA'parayA skandhadhAtvAya tanAryasatyapratItyasamutpAdAdidezanayA prayojanamaparamArthayA / atattvaM hi parityAjyam / yacca parityAjyaM kiM tenopadiSTena / ucyate / satyametadeva / kintu laukikaM vyavahAramanabhyupagamyAbhidhAnAbhidheyajJAnajJeyAdilakSaNamazakya eva paramArtho dezayitum / -madhyamavRtti. pR. 464 vigrahavyAvartinImAM nAgArjune zUnyatA sthApatAM kuzala-akuzala Adi dharmAMnA svabhAva niSedhI temanuM pratItyasamutpannatva mAtra sthApyu che. jue, vigrahavyAvartinI kA. 7, 53 Adi. vyahAramanAzritya paramArtho na dezyate / paramArthamanAgamya nirvANaM nAdhigamyate // ---madhyamArikA-24,10 saMskRti ane paramA satya viSe vistAra mATe abhidharmadIpa kA. 304 pR. 262 meTA sAthe jovI. emAM vaibhASika, sautrAntika yAgAcAra ane mAdhyamika e badhAnI daSTie saMvRtisatya tathA paramA satya baMne satyanuM nirUpaNu aneka prathAne AdhAre sakalita che.

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temAM cAlatA samagra prANIonA jIvanavyavahArane sAMkhya saMmata prakRtivAdane Azraya laIne ja ane lagabhaga e ja vAdanI paribhASAmAM ghaTAve che. A rIte jagatanI vyAvahArika vyavasthAmAM ekane AdhAra vibhASika darzana che, jyAre bIjAne AdhAra sAMkhyadarzana che. upasaMhAra acetana jagatanA svarUpa para je prathama judA judA mate saMkSepamAM varNavyA tene TUMkamAM sAra e che ke jeo mULakAraNubahatvavAdI che, teo mULa kAraNonuM vyaktitva kAyama rAkhI potapotAnI rIte temAMthI kAryasRSTi ghaTAve che; ane te kAryasRSTine mULa kAraNa jeTalI ja vAstavika mAne che. alabatta, e mULakAraNabahuvavAdIomAM paraspara mULa kAraNanA svarUpa para ane temAMthI nIpajatI sRSTinA kArya kAraNabhAvanI prakriyA paratve moTo matabheda che ja. jeo ekamULakAraNavAdI che teo te ekamAMthI ja nAnAvidha vAstavika sRSTinI upapatti pariNAma- mazaktine svIkArIne kare che. tethI temane mate samagra kAryaprapaMcamAM mULa kAraNa otaprota che ane mULa kAraNamAM bIjarUpe vyakta prapaMca astitva dharAve che, eTale teo paNa jagatanA svarUpa para vAstavavAdI che. AthI UlaTuM, jeo aneka mULatattvavAdI ke ekamULatattvavAdI hovA chatAM jagatane e mULatattvarUpa nahi paNa avidyAkalpita yA mAyika mAne che te avAstavavAdI keTImAM Ave. 1. udAharaNArtha, paMcIkaraNa (paMcadazI) ane trivRtkaraNaprakriyA-chAMdegya, a. 6,3,2-4.

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vyAkhyAna 4 jIva-cetanatattva ApaNe pahelAM saMkSepamAM e joyuM ke acetana vizvanI bAbatamAM tattvacintake e kaI kaI rIte vicAra karI pitapotAnA siddhAnta sthApyA che. have jIva yA cetana vizvanI bAbatamAM jevuM prApta thAya che ke tattvacintana e viSayamAM kaye krame AgaLa vadhyuM che, ane ene uttarottara vikAsa karatAM karatAM vacce keTakeTalA paDAva karavA paDyA che ane te kayA kayA rUpamAM seMdhAyelA maLe che? jIva yA caitanyanI bAbatamAM sauthI pahelAM bhUtacetanyavAdanuM sthAna Ave che. tyAra pachI svatanna jIvavAdanuM sthAna che. te pachI svataMtra chatAM eka rIte parAzrita jIvavAda Ave che. A mAnyatAnI dareka bhUmikAmAM paNa parasparaviruddha evA aneka mate sthapAyA che. ahIM e badhA viSe, paNa TUMkamAM khyAla ApavAno prayatna che. bhUtacaitanyavAdI cArvAka jyAM lagI jIva yA caitanyanI carcAne saMbaMdha che tyAM lagI sauthI prAcIna eve bhUtacetanyavAdane vicAratara maLI Ave che. upaniSadomAM, jaina AgamAM ane bauddha piTakamAM ene nirdeza pUrva pakSarUpe che. zvetAzvataramAM vizvanA mULa kAraNanI pRcchA karatI vakhate bhUtane eka kAraNa tarIke nidezela che. A nirdezathI paNa bRhadAraNyakano nirdeza prAcIna gaNI zakAya. temAMya vijJAnaghana caitanyane bhUtothI usthita thaI temAM ja vilaya pAmavAne nirdeza che ane sAthe sAthe "na pratyasaMjJA asti" evo paNa nirdeza che. A ullekha bhUta-caitanyavAdaparaka mAtra jaina granthamAM ja nathI manA, paNa prabaLa niyAyika jayaMta jevAe paNa ene cArvAkanA mata tarIke oMLe che. vaLI jaina AgamamAM pAMca bhUtamAMthI jIva janme che evo nirdeza che. e ja rIte bauddha piTakamAM ajitakesakambalIne mata noMdhAyela che, je cAra bhUtamAMthI puruSe utpanna thayela mAnate. A ullekho uparathI 1. zvetAzvatara. 1.2. 2. vRAga 2.4.12. 3. vizavAvasthAmaca. jAthA 15re. 4. cAyataMgarI. pR. 472 (vinayanaram) 5. sUtratA 1.1.1.7-8 6. sAmaaphalasutta, dIghanikAya.

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eka bAbata phalita thAya che, te e ke kaI jamAnAmAM caitanya thA jIvane mAtra bhUtenuM pariNAma yA kArya mAnI tene AdhAre jIvanavyavahAra goThavanArAonuM prAbalya hatuM. kadAca te kALanA lokemAM e vicAranI chApa UMDI haze. tethI ja e matane AgaLa jatAM lokAyata tarIke nirdezI eka rIte vagevavAmAM AvyuM che. - jema cAra yA pAMca bhUtenA saMghAtathI pragaTanAra caitanyane ja mAnanAra bhUtacaitanyavAdIne mata noMdhAyela che, tema eka tenA jevo, paNa tenAthI kAMIka judo dekhAte, tajajIvata7rIravAda paNa prAcIna kALamAM pracalita hatuM, enI noMdha paNa sacavAI rahI che. AnI neMdha zabdazaH upaniSadomAM nathI, jyAre jaina Agama ane bauddha piTakamAM te zabdazaH che. te bhautikavAdIothI judI ja che. cAra thI pAMca bhUteno artha bahu jANItuM che, ane AgaLa jatAM dArzanika granthamAM jyAM jyAM cArvAka matanuM khaMDana Ave che tyAM tyAM sarvatra e mAnyatAnuM samarthaka kaI prAcInasUtra paNa seMdhAyeluM maLe che. have prazna e che ke bhUtacetanyavAdIthI bhinna neMdhAyelA tajajIvatacharIravAdane artha zuM ? bhUtacetanyavAdathI je e kaI paNa arthamAM jude na hoya te eTalA prAcInakALamAM e beya mato judA dhAya kema? sAmAnya rIte te tajajIvataracharIrane artha e ja thAya che ke jIva ane zarIra e banne abhinna che. buddha pitAnA avyAkRta prazno gaNAvatA tajajIvatacharIravAdane paNa emAM lIdhuM che ane kahyuM che ke jIva ane zarIra bhinna che, e jema eka aMta che, tema e banne abhinna che e paNa eka aMta hoI avyAkRta che. A uparathI te ema jaNAya che ke jIva ane zarIrane abhinna mAnavAM eTale bhUtasamudAyarUpa zarIrane ja jIva mAnave ema thayuM. ane te te bhUtacetanyavAda thaye. 1. sUtrakRtAMganA dvitIya zrutaskaMdhanA poNDariya adhyayananA navamA sUtramA iti paDhame purisajAe tanIvataracharIray f sAhig-ema kahyuM che ane dazamA sUtrane aMte to risagAI vazvamasUphag tti vAhig-ema kahyuM che. tathA juo sUtrakRtAMgamAM ni. gA. 30 tathA gaNadharavAdamAM trIjA gaNadhara vAyubhUtinI zaMkA, pR. 50. 2. mannimaniAyanA cUramANuM sUtramAM buddhanA avyAkRta prazno juo. 3. pRthivyApastejovAyuriti tattvAni / tatsamudAye shriirendriyvissysNjnyaa| -tavovaDhavalaMda. 9. 1. tebhyazcaitanyamiti / tatra kecidvRttikArA vyAcakSate---utpadyate tebhyazcaitanyam / anye abhivyajyata ityaahuH| -tarasaMghavaMnivA. pR. 205

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sUtrakRtAMganA puMDarIka adhyayanamAM tajajIvatacharIravAdIne mata spaSTa karatAM kahyuM che ke jema keI puruSa myAnathI talavArane judI karI darzAve che yA hatheLImAM AmaLuM juduM darzAve che, athavA dahIMmAMthI mAkhaNa ke talamAMthI tela kADhI juduM darzAve che, tema jIva ane zarIrane taddana judAM mAnanAra zarIrathI jIvane judo karI darzAvI zakatA nathI. tethI je zarIra te ja jIva che. ema lAge che ke bhUtacetanyavAdanI A banne mAnyatAo AgaLanA dArzanika granthomAM sacavAI rahI che. tethI ja "gvyApastanovAyuriti tavAni ' e sUtramAM cAra bhUte nirdezI "tethaitanyama" e sUtra dvArA cAturbhotika caitanyanI utpattine vAda maLe che. te ja rIte tattvasaMgrahamAM kambalAzvataranA mata tarIke " deva caitanya e sUtra paNa noMdhAyeluM che. saMbhava che ke A kambazAzvatarano mata e ja tajajIvataskarI-vAdanuM rUpa hoya. dIghanikAyamAM ajitakesaMbalI evuM bhUtavAdInuM nAma che; jyAre tattvasaMgrahamAM kambalAtara evuM nAma che. dhyAna devA jevI bAbata e che ke bane nAmomAM "kambala" pada che. kadAca ema hoya ke e paMthanA anuyAyIene saMbaMdha koI paNa jAtanI kAmanI sAthe hoya. Aje paNa evA kAmaLIvALAnA aneka paMthe A dezamAM bahu jANItA che. game tema , paNa eTaluM kharuM ke svataMtra cetanyavAdanI pratiSThA pahelAMnI A mAnyatA hovI joIe. svataMtra caitanyavAda bhaNI prasthAna paraMtu A mAnyatAnI viruddha punarjanama, palaka ane svataMtra jIvavAdane vicAra bahu jora pakaDate jatA hatA. Ane prAraMbha koNe, kyAre ane kyAM karyo te te ajJAta che; paNa A vAdanA puraskartAonAM aneka vartule hatAM ane te pitapitAnI rIte A vAdanI vicAraNuM karatA hatA eTaluM nakkI. kayuM karma vyartha jatuM ja nathI ane je karma kare te ja tenuM phaLa bhegave che - e vicAramAMthI janmAktara ane paralakavAda astitvamAM AvyuM. A vAde kame kame paNa saraLapaNe bhUtacetanyavAdane phaTako mAryo. enI pratiSThA ghaTatI cAlI. paNa paralokavAdIone e te vicAra kare ja hatuM ke dehanAza pachI je svataMtra jIva janmAktara dhAraNa kare che yA parakamAM jAya che tenuM svarUpa zuM? te eka deha cheDI dehAntara dhAraNa karavA kaI rIte jatuM haze? ItyAdi. AvA praznone vicAra cAlatuM ja hatuM. ane sAthe sAthe e paNa vicAra cAlatuM ke, vartamAna jIvanathI vadhAre sukhI pAralaukika jIvana kevI rIte ane kyAM sAdhanathI pAmI zakAya? AvA vicAree eka taraphathI lokonI jIvanadaSTi badalI ane bIjI taraphathI aneka matamatAntare astitvamAM AvatAM gayA,

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53 je paraMparA je prakAranA AcAre ke sAmAjika vyavasthAne mAnatI haze, te paraMparAe paNa te ja AcAra| ane te ja vyavasthAmAM paraleAkalakSI jIvanadRSTi dAkhala karI ane paraleAMkalakSI dharmonI pratiSThA vizeSa sthira thatI gaI. jee vartamAna janmamAMthI janmAntara kevI rIte pamAya che tene vicAra karatA, teoe paNa pAtapeAtAnI kalpanAe karI janmAtaragamananI vyavasthA sthira karI, ane svataMtra jIvanA svarUpa viSe aneka prakAranI vicAraNAo astitvamAM AvI ane sthira banI. A vicAraNAnAM judAM judAM pariNAme judI judI para parAmAM sacavAI rahyAM : che ne uttarakAlIna dAnika sAhityamAM e carcA-praticarcAnAM kendra paNa banyAM che. paraMtu dareka dhArmike ane vicArake eTaluM te svIkArI ja lIdhuM ke svata Mtra cetana jevuM kAMIka tattva che ane te kadI nAza pAmatu nathI. e ja kRtakarmanuM phaLa anubhave che, ane sakalpa pramANe utthAna paNa karI zake che. jIvasvarUpa paratve jaina dRSTi svataMtra jIvavAdomAM prathama jaina paraparAnuM sthAna Ave che, te e dRSTie : eka te e paraparAnI jIviSayaka kalpanA evI che ke je bIjI vikasita kalpanAe karatAM prAthamika ane sarva sAdhAraNane buddhigrAhya lAge che. bIjI e ke I. pU. AThamA saikAmAM thayela bhagavAna pArzvanAthanI nirvANusAdhanAnA AdhAra lekhe e jIvavAdanI kalpanA susthira thayelI hatI. jaina para'parAmAM jIva yA AtmavAdanI je mAnyatA pahelAM hatI temAM atyAra sudhImAM kaze| maulika pheraphAra thayA ja nathI, jevA ke bauddha ane vaidika para parAomAM maulika pheraphAra thayA che. pahelethI Aja sudhInA je jIvasvarUpaviSayaka mantavyA sacavAI rahyAM che, te eka ja prakAranAM che. tenA mukhya muddA nIce pramANe che : 1. jIva che ane te svAbhAvika cetanAmaya che. te svataMtra che ane tethI te anAdi-nidhana che. ra. jIvA nAnA ane anaMta che; dehabhede bhinna che. 3. jIvamAM aneka zaktio paikI mukhya ane sarva ne saMviniMta thaI zake evI zakti cheH jJAnazakti, puruSA -vIya zakti ane zraddhAzakti yA sakalpazakti, ke je enuM abhinna svarUpa che. 1 nityAvasthitAnyarUpANi / 2. nANaM ca daMsaNaM ceva caritaM ca tavo tahA / bIriyaM uvaogo ya eyaM jIvassa lakkhaNaM // -taravArtha...rU. uttarAdhyayana. 28.11

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4. jIva je je prakAre vicAre ke varte che te te jAtanAM temAM saMskAra paDe che ane e saMskArane jhIlatuM tenI sAthe eka sUkSama padgalika zarIra racAya che, je dehAntara dhAraNa karavA jatI vakhate tenI sAthe ja rahe che. 5. jIva svataMtrapaNe cetana ane amUrta svarUpa hovAM chatAM teNe saMcita karela mUta zarIranA vegathI te, tevA zarIranuM astitva rahe tyAM lagI mUrta je banI jAya che.? da. zarIrAnusAra enuM parimANa ghaTe yA vadhe che. parimANanI hAni-vRddhi e enA maulika dravyatattvamAM asara nathI karatI; enuM maulika dravya yA kAThuM je hoya te ja rahe che, mAtra parimANa nimittabhede vadhe ane ghaTe che. A eka prakArane pariNAmavAda, ane te paNa pariNAminityavAda thaye, bIje ene prakAra enA guNa yA zaktionA vikAsanI hAni-vRddhi e che. maulika zaktio yA sahaja guNa enA e ja hovA chatAM puruSArthane pariNAme emAM zuddhi-azuddhinI mAtrA vadhe yA ghaTe che. A zaktinI pariNAminityatA thaI. 7 samagra jIvarAzimAM sahaja yegyatA ekasarakhI svIkArAI che. ane chatAM darekane vikAsa ekasarakhI rIte na thatAM te tenA puruSArtha ane anya nimittanA baLAbaLa upara avalaMbita che. 8. vizvamAM evuM koI sthAna nathI ke jyAM sUkSma yA skUla zarIrI jenuM astitva na heya. jIva paratve jaina daSTi sAthe sAMkhya-ganI tulane upara je jaina paraMparAsaMmeta jIvatattvane lagatI mAnyatA ApI che tenI 16 viprAta karmayoga 2.26 Adi satra, tattvArthasUtra. 2. juo, "gaNadharavAda' (gujarAta vidyAsabhA, amadAvAda) gA. 1638. 3. juo, tavAI. 5.15-16 ane tenI vividha TIkAo. A rIte cittano saMkoca-vistAra ane zarIraparimANatva sAMkhya paraMparAmAM paNa manAya che? ghaTaprAsAdapradIpakalpaM saMkocavikAsi cittaM zarIraparimANAkAramAtramityapare.... -comASya. 4.1. aupazamikakSAyikau bhAvau mizrazca jIvasya svatattvamaudayika pAriNAmikau ca / - tattvArtha 2.1. mohakSayAjjJAnadarzanAvaraNAntarAyakSayAcca kevalam / bandhahetvabhAvanirjarAbhyAm / kRtsnakarmakSayo mokSaH | -taravArtha 10.1-rU.

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55 sAMkhya-ga paraMparAsaMmata puruSa, jIva yA cetanatattva sAthe sarakhAmaNuM khAsa dhyAna kheMce che. (1) jaina paraMparA jIvamAtrane sahaja ane anAdinidhana cetanArUpa mAne che, tema sAMkhya-ga paNa puruSatattvane tevuM ja mAne che. (2) jaina paraMparA dehabheda jIva bhinna mAnI anaMta jIvonuM astitva svIkAre che, tema sAMkhyoga paraMparA paNa svIkAre che. (3) jaina paraMparA jIvatatvane dehaparimita mAnI saMkecavistArazIla ane tethI karI dravyadRSTie pariNAminitya mAne che, te sAMkhyaga paraMparA cetanatattvane kUTasthanitya ane vyApaka svIkAre che; eTale cetanamAM koI saMkeca- vistAra ke dravyadaSTie pariNAmitva svIkAratI ja nathI. (4) jaina paraMparA jIvatatvamAM katva-bhakatRtva vAstavika mAne che ane tethI te temAM zuddhi-azuddhi rUpe guNenI hAnivRddhi yA pariNAma svIkAre che tyAre sAMkhya-ga paraMparA evuM kAMI mAnatI ja nathI. te cetanamAM kartava-tRtva mAnatI na hoI tema ja guNaguNibhAva yA dharma-dhamibhAva svIkAratI na hoI kaI paNa jAtanA guNa yA dharmane saMbhava ane pariNAma svIkAratI nathI. (5) jaina paraMparA zubhAzubha vicAra yA adhyavasAyane pariNAme paDatA saMskArane jhIle evuM jIvatattva svIkArI tene lIdhe tenI AsapAsa racAtuM eka pagalika sUkSma zarIra svIkAre che. te ja eka janmathI janmAktaranI gatimAM jIvatattvanuM vAhaka-mAdhyama bane che. sAMkhya-ga paraMparAmAM citana pite sarvathA apariNAmI, alipta ane kartutva-bhAtRtva rahita tema ja vyApaka hovA chatAM tene punarjanma ghaTAvavA mATe pratipuruSa ekaeka sUkama zarIra kapAyeluM che. te sUkSama zarIra pote ja jainasaMmata jIvanI jema kartA bhakatA che; jJAna-ajJAna, dharma-adharma Adi guNone Azraya ane tenI hAni-vRddhirUpa pariNAmavALuM che; eTaluM ja nahi paNa te, jaina jIvatattvanI peThe deha parimANa ane saMkeca-vistArazIla paNa che. saMkSepamAM ema kahI zakAya ke sahaja cetanAzakti sivAyanA jeTalA dharmo guNo yA pariNAma jainasaMmata jIvatattvamAM manAya che, te badhA ja sAMkhya-gasaMmata buddhitattva yA liMgazarIramAM manAya che. (6) jaina paraMparA pramANe jIvatattva sahaja rIte amUrta hovA chatAM mUrta kAmaNa zarIranA tAdAmyagathI vAstavika rIte mUrta jevuM banI jAya che tyAre sAMkhya-gasaMmata cetanatattva eTaluM badhuM ekAMta daSTie amUrta manAya che ke tenA satata sannidhAnamAM rahenAra acetana yA mUrta sUkSma zarIranI mUrtatAnI tenA upara vAstavika koI chApa paDatI nathI, paNa e 1. sAMkhyakArikA. 10-11,17. 2. sAMkhyakArikA. 18, 3. sAMkhyakArika. 19-20. 4. sAMkhyakArika. 40; gaNadharavAda (gujarAta vidyAsabhA, amadAvAda)nI prastAvanA, pR. 112.

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svaccha buddhitattvamAM puruSanI ane puruSamAM buddhigata dharmonI je chApa sannidhAnanI kAraNe manAya che te mAtra Apita, avAstavika ane tethI karI vyavahAra pUratI che -jema AkAzamAM citranI kaI vAstavika chApa nathI UThatI ane chatAM temAM te bhAse che tema. (7) jaina paraMparA aneka guNa tyA zakti paikI je jJAna, vIrya ane zraddhA jevI zaktione jIvamAM sahaja ane anubhavasiddha mAne che, tema sAMkhya-ga paraMparA cetanamAM na mAnatA e zaktione sUkSma zarIrarUpa buddhitamAM mAne che. (8) jaina paraMparAmAM jema jIvamAtranI sahaja yegyatA samAna chatAM tenA puruSArtha ane nimittanA baLAbaLa pramANe vikAsa manAya che, tema sAMkhyaga paraMparAmAM sUkSma yA buddhitattvane laIne e badhuM ghaTAvavAmAM Ave che. arthAta badhAM ja buddhita sahaja rIte samAna yogyatAvALAM che, paNa teno vikAsa te puruSArtha ane anya nimittonA baLAbaLa upara avalaMbe che. jIva paratve jaina ane sAMkhyoga sAthe nyAya-vaizeSika daSTinI tulanA nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA svataMtra jIvavAdI te che, paNa te jaina ane sAMkhya-ga paraMparAsaMmata avasvarUpathI aneka bAbatamAM bhinna svarUpa kape che, tethI atre ukta be paraMparAnA manta sAthe enI sarakhAmaNI karavI jema Avazyaka che tema recaka paNa che. nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA jaina ane sAMkhyoga paraMparAnI peThe dehabhede bhinna evA ananta tema ja anAdinidhana chavadravya te svIkAre che paNa te jaina paraMparAnI peThe tene madhyamaparimANa na mAnatAM sAMkhyoga paraMparAnI jema savavyApI mAne che. te madhyamaparimANa yA saMkeca-vistArazIlatA na mAnatI hoI dravyadaSTie jIvatattvanuM kUTasthanityatva sAMkhya-ga paraMparAnI jema ja svIkAre che. chatAM te guNaguNiyA dharmadharmibhAvanI bAbatamAM sAMkhya-ga paraMparAthI judI paDI amuka aMze jaina paraMparA sAthe sAmya dharAve che. sAMkhyoga paraMparA cetanAne niraMza ane keI paNa jAtanA guNa cA dharmanA saMbaMdha vinAnI mAne che, te nyAyavaizeSika paraMparA jIvatatvane jaina paraMparAnI peThe aneka guNe yA dharmone Azraya 1. sAMkhyakArikA 62. 2. sAMkhyakArikA. 40. 3. vyavasthAto nAnA / zAstrasAmaggata 2 4. vibhavAnmahAnAkAzastathA cAtmA / 5, anAzritatvanityatve cAnyatrAvayavidravyebhyaH / - vaizevina. rU.2.20. - vaizeSivana. rU.2.21. - vaizeSina. 01.22. -prazastapAdabhASya, dravyasAdharmyaprakaraNa.

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57 mAne che. Ama chatAM te jaina paraMparAnA mantavyathI paNa judI te paDe ja che. jaina paraMparA jIvatattvamAM sAhajika ane sadAtana evI cetanA, AnaMda, vIrya Adi abhinna zaktio svIkArI tenA pratikSaNa navanavAM pariNAme yA paryAye svIkAre che; jyAre nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA jIvatatvamAM evI kaI cetanA Adi sahaja zaktio nathI svIkAratI; ane chatAM temAM jJAna, sukha, duHkha, IcchA, dveSa, dhamadharma Adi guNe svIkAre che, je mAtra zarIrane saMbaMdha sudhI ja astitva dharAve che, tema ja utpanna ane vinaSTa thatAM rahe che. eka rIte nyAya-vaizeSike kapelA A jJAna, sukha Adi jIvadravyanA nava guNa e jaina paraMparAsaMmata sahaja zaktinA paryAyasthAnIya che. tema chatAM bannenI mAnyatAmAM maulika antara e che ke jyAre zarIraga na hoya evI videhamukta avasthAmAM paNa jaina paraMparA pramANe jIvatattvamAM sahaja cetanA, AnaMda, vIrya Adi zaktionAM vizuddha pariNAme yA paryAnuM avirata cakra cAlyA kare che; tyAre nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparAnI daSTie jIvatattvamAM videhamukti vakhate evA keI zuddha ke azuddha, kSaNika ke sthAyI jJAna Adi guNone saMbhava ja hete nathI, kema ke te mULe ja jIvadravyamAM sAhajika cetanA Adi zaktio mAnatI nathI. ahIM sAMkhya gya paraMparA sAthe nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA eka bAbatamAM maLI jAya che, te bIjI bAbatamAM judI paNa paDe che. sAMkhya-ga paraMparA te cetanane mAtra niraMza ane phUTasthanitya ane svaprakAza-cetanArUpa mAnatA hoI, jema saMsAradazAmAM kaI paNa jAtanA jJAnAdi guNonA saMbaMdha vinAnI mAne che tema, muktidazAmAM paNa tevI ja mAne che; jyAre nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA jIvatattvane sahaja cetanarUpa te nathI mAnatI ane chatAMya sazarIra dazAmAM jJAnAdi guNavALuM mAne che, paraMtu muktikALamAM evA kaI guNenuM astitva rahetuM na hovAthI te jIvadravya eka rIte sAMkhya-paraMparAsaMmata cetana jevuM nirguNa banI jAya che. eTale ke muktidazAmAM te sarvathA utpAda-vinAzazIlaguNavihIna hoI sAMkhya-ga paraMparAnI jema nirguNa dravya banI jAya che. A rIte nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA pramANe mukta jIva AkAzakalpa banI rahe che; bheda eTale ke AkAza e amUrta chatAM bhautika kalpAyuM che, tyAre jIvadravya amUrta ane abhautika che, eTaluM ja. sahaja cetanA tema ja jJAna Adi guNe ke paryAnA abhAvanI daSTie mukta jIvatattvamAM ane AkAzatatvamAM kaze ja phera nathI. AkAza eka dravya che te mukta che anaMta che. e saMkhyAkRta phera dhyAnamAM Ave che. nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA bIjI paNa keTalIka bAbatomAM jaina ane sAMkhyoga 1. juo, vaizeSika rU.2.4; 2.5 2.6. ane karAtamAkhyAta AtmanirUpaNa. 2. juo, nyAyamASya. 11,22, gaNadharavAda, prastAvanA. pR. 105

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58 paraMparA sAthe vilakSaNa sAmya ane vaiSamya dharAve che. jenI paraMparA jIvatatvamAM svAbhAvika katRtva ane bhatva mAne che, tema nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA paNa mAne che. paraMtu jaina paraMparAsaMmata katRtva ane letRtva e jIvanI vizuddha ane mukta dazAmAM paNa rahe che; jyAre nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparAmAM tema nathI. zarIra hoya ane jJAna, icchA Adi guNone utpAda-vinAza thate rahe, tyAM lagI te emAM katva ane bhoktatva che; paNa muktadazAmAM evuM kaI katRtva-bhetRtva zeSa rahetuM nathI. A rIte te muktidazAmAM sAMkhya-ganI kalpanA sAthe maLI jAya che. nyAya-vaizeSikasaMmata katRtva-bhetRtva paNa jIvatavamAM judA prakAranuM che. te jIvatattvane phUTasthanitya mAne che, eTale temAM sIdhI rIte keI kartutva ke bhakatva ghaTAvI na zakAya, tethI te tevuM kartutva-bhestatva guNanA utpAda-vinAzane laI ghaTAve che. te kahe che ke jyAre jJAna, IrachA, prayatna Adi guNa hoya che tyAre jIva kartA ane bhoktA che; paNa e guNene sarvathA abhAva thAya tyAre, muktidazAmAM kaI sAkSAt kartutva-bhakatRtva nathI rahetuM--bhale ene vyavahAra bhUtapUrva nayathI karavAmAM Ave. A rIte nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA, jaina paraMparAnI peThe, jIvamAM kartava-bhetRtva mAnavA chatAM jIvatattvane kUTasthanitya ghaTAvI zake che, kAraNa ke ene mate guNe e jIvatasvarUpa AdhArathI sarvathA bhinna che. eTale guNone utpAda-vinAza thatuM hoya tyAre paNa guNaguNInI bhedadaSTine lIdhe te svasaMmata phUTasthanityatA ghaTAvI le che. kuTasthanityatA ghaTAvavA mATe sAMkhyoga paraMparAe cetanamAM koI paNa jAtanA guNanuM astitva ja na svIkAryuM, ane jyAM anya dravyanA saMbaMdhathI parivartana yA avasthAnarane prazna AvyuM, tyAM teNe ene mAtra upacarita yA kAlpanika mAnI lIdhuM te nyAyavaizeSika paraMparAe svasaMmata kUTasthanityatva bIjI rIte ja ghaTAvyuM. teNe dravyamAM guNo te svIkAryA, e guNe utpAdiSNu ane vinazvara paNa hoya, chatAM tene lIdhe AdhAradravyamAM kazuM ja vAstavika parivartana yA avasthAntara teNe nakAryuM. tenI yukti e che ke AdhAradravya karatAM guNo sarvathA bhinna che, eTale ene utpAda-vinAza e kAMI AdhArabhUta jIvadravyane nathI utpAda-vinAza ke nathI avasthAntara. Ama sAMkhyoga ane nyAya-vaizeSika banee pitapotAnI rIte phUTasthanityatva ghaTAvyuM. paNa kUTanityatvanI mAnyatAne mULa pravAha e bannemAM Atmadravya para ekasarakhe sacavAI rahyo che. jaina paraMparAnI peThe nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA e te mAne ja che ke zubha-azubha 1. sanmati rU.. 2. juo, cAyavArniM. 2.1, 6; gaNadharavAda, prastAvanA. pR. 96.

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pada yA zuddha-azuddha vicAra yA vRttine lIdhe jIvadravyamAM saskAro paDe che. paNa e sassArAne jhIle evuM bhautika sUkSma zarIra jaina paraMparA svIkAre che, tevuM nyAyavaizeSika paraMparA nathI svIkAratI ane chatAMya e punarjanma mAnatI hoI tene kAMIka te kalpanA karavI ja paDe che. tadanusAra eNe mAnyuM che ke jIvA teA vyApaka hoI gamanAgamana karI zakatA nathI. paNa jIvadITha eka eka paramANurUpa mana che, e ja mana eka deha paDatAM jyAM dehAntara thavAnA hoya tyAM gati karIne jAya che; e ja mananuM sthAnAntara; te ja AtmAno punarjanma che. jaina para parA pramANe teA jIva pAte ja potAnA sUkSma bhautika zarIra sAthe sthAnAntara kare che; tyAre nyAya-vaizeSika para`parA pramANe punajanmane atha jIvanuM sthAnAntara nahi, paNa tenA mananuM sthAnAntara eTaleA ja che. ahIM sAMkhya-cAga para parAnI punarjanma ghaTAvavAnI rIta sarakhAvavA jevI che. te buddhi yA sUkSma liMgazarIra, je dharma-adharma Adi guNAnuM Azraya che ane je madhyama parimANu hAI gatizIla paNa che, tene mRtyukALamAM sthULa deha cheADI eka sthAnathI sthAnAntaramAM jatuM ka2e che;' te nyAya-vaizeSika para'parA prakRtijanya evuM sUkSma zarIra na mAnatAM nityaparamANurUpa manane ja gatizIla mAnI punarjanmanI vyavasthA kare che. jaina para'parA pramANe jIva pote ja sUkSma zarIra saha vAstavika rIte gati-Agati karatA manAya che; te sAMkhya-cAga ane nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA pramANe jIvamAM evI kaI gati-Agatine sthAna ja nathI. ene punarjanma eTale enI upAdhinuM gamanAgamana. nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA jaina para parAnI jema jIvamAM jJAna, zraddhA ane vIya arthAt prayatna yA puruSArthanI zuddhi-azuddhinA vikAsanA pramANamAM tenI utkrAnti tema ja apakrAnti svAbhAvika mAne che, nahi ke sAMkhya-caiAga para'parAnI peThe upAdhibhRta sUkSma liMgazarIranA saMbaMdhathI Aropita yA kAlpanika. 1. jaina para parAe paudgalika kANuMzarIra mAnyuM te teA dravyakama che. bhAvaka tene mate jIvagata sa`skArI che. naiyAyikAe kANuzarIranA sthAnamAM manane kaNyuM. te eka dravya che. paraMtu temaNeya bhAvakarma sthAnIya avyaktane ka prakRti tarIke svIkArela che-- dve zarIrasya prakRtI vyaktA ca avyaktA ca, tatra avyaktAyAH karmasamAkhyAtAyAH prakRterupabhogAt prakSayaH / prakSINe ca karmaNi vidyamAnAni bhUtAni na zarIramutpAdayanti iti upapanno'pavargaH / -~-cAyavAti. rU.2.6. gaNudharavAda, pastAvanA pR. 121. sAMkhyakArikAnI 'yuktidIpikA ' ( ka. 39 )mAM liMgazarIra viSe aneka mate ApavAmAM AvyA che. temAM paMcAdhikaraNa, pataMjali ane vindhyavAsInA traNa judA judA mate che, puta jalinI vizeSatA e che ke pratyeka janmamAM navuM navuM sakSma zarIra ka2e che; jyAre

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jIva vize bauddha daSTio svataMtra jIvatatvanI vicArasaraNI dharAvanArAomAM have bauddha vicArasaraNuM chelle Ave che. sAmAnya rIte dareka bauddhatara paraMparA bauddha paraMparAne nirAtmavAdI kahetI AvI che. eTale jyAre ahIM ene svataMtra jIvavAdamAM sthAna ApI carcA karavI hoya tyAre paheluM e vicAravuM prApta thAya che ke pratipakSIo ene nirAtmavAdI kaI daSTie kahetA AvyA che, ane te kyA arthamAM svataMtrajIvavAdI che? tathAgata buddhanA pahelAM ane temanA samaya daramiyAna ahIMnA tattvaciMtakomAM AtmA, cetana yA jIvanA svarUpa paratve pradhAnapaNe be vicAradhArAo cAlatI eka ema mAnatI ke Atmatattva yA enI zakti upara keI paNa jAtanI kALatattvanI asara thatI nathI. te pUrNa arthamAM kAlapaTamAM astitva dharAvavA chatAM enA prabhAvathI alipta rahe che; jyAre bIjI vicAradhArA evI hatI ke Atmatattva ane enI zaktio pUrNa arthamAM tadavastha rahevA chatAM te kALatattvanA prabhAvathI sarvathA alipta rahI zakatI nathI. pahelI vicAradhArA pramANe astitva yA sattvane artha e che ke je sarvathA traNe kALamAM abAdhita yA aparivatiSazu rahe. bIjI vicAradhArA pramANe vidhyavAsI evuM antarAvartI zarIra mAnavAnI ja nA pADe che. Avo ja eka mata mahAbhArata (3.197.71)mAM seMdhAyelo che. te uparAMta saMskRta "prapaMcasArataMtramAM paNa janmAntaragAmI sUkama zarIra viSenA bIjA paNa mata che. e matane TIkAkAra padmapAde judA judA AcAryonAM nAmathI oLakhAvyA che, jema ke-paMcAdhikaraNa, vArSagaNya, Avazya, vidhyAvAsI, pataMjali ane dhanvantari. temAM zaMkarAcArya eka mata e paNa e che ke pitAne jIva ja putramAM saMkrAnta thAya che. A vicAra aitareya upaniSada a, 2. 1-3mAM che. A yuktidIpikAgata ane prapaMcasAragata badhA matonuM vivaraNa yreapues Origin and Development of the Samkhya System of Thought" nAmanA pustaka (pR. 288-298)mAM bahu vistAra ane spaSTatAthI karyuM che. temAM temaNe caraka, suzuta, kAzyapa saMhitA, aSTAMgahRdaya jevA Ayurvedika graMthane paNa upayoga karyo che. chevaTe IzvarakRSNa pite sUkSma zarIra viSe je maMtavya dharAve che te kA. 40ne anuMsarI spaSTa karyuM che. vaLI mRtyu thatAM ja sUma zarIra no janma dhAraNa karavA kaI rIte pravarte che, enI paNa carcA maLe che. keI kahe che ke jema lukA AgalA pAMdaDAne majabUta pakaDyA pachI ja te pahelAMnuM pAdaDuM choDe che, tema navA janmasthAnane prApta karatA veMta ja sUkSma zarIra pUrva sthAna cheDe che; be vacce kAMI samaya jatA nathI. vaLI koI kahe che, ke eka dIvAmAMthI bIje dIvo pragaTe tema pUrvajanma pachI no janma thAya che. A sAthe jaina paraMparAnI kAmaNa zarIranI gati sarakhAvavA jevI che. te Rju ane vigraha ema be gati svIkAre che ane Rjugati vakhate vacce kAMI aMtara rahetuM nathI. punarjanma ane tene lagatI vigate vize zrI araviMdanuM Rebirth khAsa jovA jevuM che.

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astitvanA atha e che ke sattattva parivartiSNu hoya che, chatAM tenu vyakitatva eka ane akhaMDa ja rahe che. A banne vicAradhArAe zAzvatavAdI che. zazvane atha che nirantara. je, parivartana pAmyA vinA ke parivartana pAmavA chatAM, traNe kALamAM sthAyI ane zazvat rahe te zAzrvata. A banne vicAradhArAe peAtapeAtAnI dRSTie cetanatattvane paNa zAzvata mAnatI, eTale ke petapeAtAnI dRSTie te cetana yA Atmatattvane eka akhaMDa dravya mAnatI. A mAnyatAnI sAme buddhane vicAra astitvamAM AvyA. teNe kahyuM ke keI tattva yA sattva evuM nathI ke je kALapravAhamAM akhaMDa yA. amAdhita rahI zake. pratyeka tattva yA astitva enA svabhAvathI ja kALanA Ananta niyama yA kramaniyamane vazavartI che. tethI evA e kSaNA paNa nahi hoI zake ke jemAM keI eka sat tavastha rahe. A rIte buddhe eka prakAre vastunA maulika svarUpa yA sattvane ja kALasvarUpa mAnI lIdhuM. eTale temaNe zAzvatadravyavAdanA sthAnamAM kSaNikavAda yA guNasaMghAtavAda arthAt dharma sa dhAtavAda sthApyA. A sthApanAmAM temaNe acetanatattva sAthe cetana yA Atmatattvane paNa mUkayuM. AthI karI jee zAzrvata AtmavAdanI mAnyatAthI pUrNa paNe raMgAyelA hatA temane sahaja rIte ja ema lAgyuM ke buddhe te AtmatattvanA inkAra ja karyAM. emanI e mAnyatAe buddhane nirAtmavAdI kahevA preryA; ane buddha nirAtmavAdI tarIke sAmAnya leAkeAmAM jANItA paNa thayA. paraMtu buddhanI dRSTi sAdhAraNa na hatI. temane jema zAzrvatavAdamAM keI pramaLa yukita yA samathaeN AdhAra na jaNAyA tema temane cetana yA caitanyatattvanA savathA niSedhamAM paNa kAI samatha yukti na jaNAI. buddha pote punarjanmavAdI heAI kavAda, puruSAvAda ane AdhyAtmika utkrAntivAdanA mAtra samarthaka ja nahi paNa enA svAnubhavI hatA. tethI temaNe leAkAyatanA bhUtacaitanya jevA ucchedavAdane paNa na AvakAryAM, na satkAryA. temaNe peAtAnA madhyamamAga mAM jIva, AtmA yA cetanatattvane svataMtra tattvarUpe sthAna ApyuM, paNa te peAtAnI rIte. A vastune sahAnubhUtithI nahi jonAra ne nahi jANanAra pratipakSIe temanA vAdane nirAtmaka vAda kahe e svAbhAvika che. paNa kharI rIte te vAda nirAtma nathI.1 Atmatattvane pUrNapaNe svatantra rUpe svIkAranAra vicArasaraNImAM enA svarUpaparatve paraspara prakhaLa matabhedo cAlyA Ave che. eTale DAI ekabIjAne peAtAthI viruddha mata dharAvAne kAraNe nirAtmavAdI nathI kahetuM. jema ke jaina darzanane 1. buddhanA anAtmavAda viSe jue, nyAyAvatAravArtikavRtti, prastAvanA, pR. 6, 15, 18, 19, 21; gaNudharavAda, prastAvanA. pR. 82; tathA The Tibetan Book of the Dead, p. 225.

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sAMkhya-ga yA nyAya-vaizeSika Adi nirAtmavAdI nathI kahetA; te jaina darzana paNa temane nirAtmavAdI nathI lekhatuM. eTale cetananA svarUpa paratve ati ugra matabheda dharAvanAra bauddha vicArasaraNIne keI vicAraka to nirAtmavAdI kahI ja na zake -bhale e bIjAthI taddana judI rIte ane judI paribhASAmAM AtmasvarUpa nirUpe. chevaTe svataMtra AtmatattvanI mAnyatA zA mATe che? ene ze AdhAra che?--ene uttara te punarjanmavAda ane tenA AnuSaMgika bIjA naitika ane badha-mokSa jevA AdhyAtmikavAde che. je buddha e badhA ja vAdane saMpUrNa paNe svIkAratA hoya te emanA mantavyane kadI nirAtmavAda kahI zakAya nahi; UlaTuM, e te e vAdanuM paTutama buddhikauzala lekhAvuM joIe ke te pitAnA daSTipUta kSaNikavAdamAM paNa punarjanma AdinI gya rIte vyavasthA kare che.' have ApaNe joIe ke svataMtra jIvatattvanI bAbatamAM bauddha kaI rIte vicAratA AvyA che? buddhanuM pitAnuM ja daSTibindu vedhaka hatuM. tethI te kaI paNa sat yA dravyanI sthiratA joI na zakatuM. sthApakanA A daSTibindue tenA uttaravatI samagra anuyAyIvargo upara prabaLa asara karI che. tethI jema jaina, sAMkhya-cega yA nyAya-vaizeSika jevI paraMparAomAM AtmasvarUpa paratve pitApitAnI saLaMga ekavAkyatA rahI che, tema bauddha nikAyamAM nathI banyuM. enA tatvanirUpaNanA ItihAsamAM AtmasvarUpa paratve ApaNe pAMca tabakkA joIe chIeH (1) pudgalanarAmyavAda, (2) pudUgalAstitvavAda, (3) kAlika dharmavAda ane vArtAmAnika dharmavAda, (4) dharmanairAzya yA niHsvabhAva yA zUnyavAda ane (5) vijJaptimAtratAvAda. ahIM e samajI levuM ghaTe ke A badhA vAdanA puraskartAoe buddhanuM mukhya daSTibindu ane dhyeya mAnya rAkhIne ja pitApitAnA vicAre vikasAvyA che. e dhyeya eTale cAra Arya satyane AdhAre AdhyAtmika zuddhi ane utkAntinI sthApanA. - pAli piTaka ekasvarathI kahe che ke jene itara cintake AtmA tarIke varNave che te tatva paraspara avibhAjya evA vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra ane vijJAnanA pratikSaNa badalAtA saMghAtasvarUpa che, jene bauddho "nAma"padathI paNa nideze che. upaniSadomAM "nAma-rUpa" yugala Ave che ane ema paNa che ke kaI mULabhUta eka 1. juo, tattvasaMgrahagata "kamaphalasaMbaMdha parIkSA'. ka. 476-546. 2. bauddha tattvajJAnanI traNa bhUmikA mATe juo, Buddhist Logic, Vol. 1, pp. 3-14; 249 Central Philosophy of Buddhism p. 26. 3. juo, vizuddhimAna, rAMdhanika, 14; tathA gaNadharavAdanI prastAvanA, pR. 82-87.

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tatva pitAnuM nAma ane rUpasvarUpe vyAkRta kare che. buddha evuM kaMI juduM mULa tattva nathI mAnatA ke jemAMthI nAmanuM vyAkaraNa thAya, paNa te te rUpanI peThe nAmane je svataMtra tattva mAne che, ane e tattva paNa upara sUcita saMghAtarUpa hoI, saMtatibaddha hovAne kAraNe, anAdinidhana che. piTakanI A sthApanAmAM ApaNe e joI zakIe chIe ke saMsAramAM vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra ane vijJAnanI saMghAtadhArA anavarata vahyA kare che. te dhArAnI nathI keI Adi ke nathI keI anta. A vijJAna kendrita dhArAmAM cetana yA pugaladravyanA sthAyI vyaktitvanuM keI sthAna na hovAthI te mAnyatA yugalanarAmyavAda tarIke oLakhAya che. paraMtu buddhasaMghanI cAre tarapha zAzvata AtmavAdIonAM aneka maMDaLe hatAM. jyAre temanA taraphathI nirAtmavAdanA AkSepe zarU thayA haze, ane keTalAka zAzvatavAdI saMskAra dharAvanAra buddhasaMghamAM dAkhala thayA haze, tyAre temaNe potAnI rIte pAcho pudagalavAda sthApe. kathAva ane tattvasaMgraha AdimAM A vAda ekadezIya bauddhanA pUrva pakSa tarIke AvyuM che. e sammitIya yA vAtsIputrIya pugalavAdIoe kahyuM ke pudgala yA jIvadravya kharA artha mAM che, paNa jyAre pUchavAmAM AvyuM ke zuM tenuM astitva "rUpa" jevuM che, tyAre temaNe tenI nA pADI. Ama bauddhasaMghamAM pudagalAstitvavAda A khare, paNa buddhanA mULa daSTibindu sAthe e saMgata thaI zakyo nahi ane chevaTe nAmazeSa thaI gaye. pudagalanarAmyavAda aneka rIte vikasatuM ja hatuM. tene mukhya cintA te e hatI ke te zAzvata AtmavAdIo sAme kema TakI zake ane e paNa cintA hatI ke bIjAnA AkSepane javAba ApavA uparAMta teNe kaI rIte punarjanma ane baMdha-makSa AdinI vyavasthA vizeSa buddhigrAhya rIte goThavavI athavA karavI ? A citAmAMthI sarvAstivAda astitvamAM Avyo. teNe e nAmatattvane cittapadathI paNa vyavahAryuM ane e cittane yA vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra ane vijJAnanA saMghAtane aneka sahajAta ane AMgatuka, sAdhAraNa ane asAdhAraNa aMzomAM yA dharmomAM vibhakta karI nirUpyuM. 1. taduM tarNavyAjha tamArII tarAmapAmyAmeva. vyAcita aa -rAkhyovanad. 1.4.7. 2. vara punaratra saMkucate ?............(pR. 214) ....paulUjhikrasthApi vyAvasuvAhinaH puropi vaccatoDatIti (. 258) .nAnAraNe prakSetavyA (g. 256). -abhidharmadIpa ane tenI noTo pR. 254thI. emAM bauddhasaMmata anAtmavAdanI prakriyAnuM aneka graMthane AdhAre saMkalana che. juo, tattvasaMgraha, kA. 336thI.

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4 A ja sarvAstivAda che. A vAde citta ane tenI vividha avasthAe yA caitasikanuM sUkSma-atisUkSma nirUpaNa karyuM", paNa teNe potAnA maulika kSaNikavAdane vaLagI rahevA chatAM anAgata ane atIta adhvAne svIkAra karI pratyeka kSaNika citta ane caitasikanI potAnI rIte vaikAlikatA sthApI.1 AnI sAme pAche virodha zarU thayA : yuddha mAtra kSaNavAdI che ane vata mAnavAdI che te vaikAlikatA e sAthe kema sa`gata thaI zake ? traikAlikatA e te pAchalA dvAramAMthI zAzvatavAdane praveza che. e vicAramAMthI sautrAntikamata astitvamAM AvyA. teNe dharmonuM eTale citta-caitasikeAnuM vikasita khAkhuM svIkArI lIdhuM, paNa te dharmAne vaikAlika astitvathI sarvathA mukta karyA ane mAtra vA mAnika sthApyA. A rIte paraspara pakSa-pratipakSanI prabaLa carcAo, vAdagAchI cAlatI. keAI satanuM sthApana kare te khIje taddana viruddha asat pakSa sthApe; keAI sadasattubhaya te keAI anubhaya; e ja rIte nitya, anitya, ubhaya, anubhaya; ane eka, aneka, ubhaya, anubhaya AdinI aneka catuSkATIe cAlatI. nAgArjuna jevAne lAgyuM ke A kATIomAM paDavu' e te buddhanA madhyamamAga sAthe saMgata nathI. e vicAre tene catuSkoTIvinimu kta tattvanI dizAmAM preryAM ane temAMthI teNe zUnyavAda sthApyA. 1. tattvasaMgraha. traikAlyaparIkSA, kA. 178 6thI, pR. 503thI; abhidharmadIpa kA. 299, pR. 250 TippaNu sahita, emAM bauddha zAsanamAM rahela cAra vAdIenu varNana karatAM sarvAstivAdanuM varNana che, jeo kAlayane svIkArI dhuM ghaTAve che. 2. mAdhyamikavRtti. pR. 16, 26, 108; pR. 375 kA, 5.7; cADhAramaMgarI, vA. 17, tasmAnna bhAvo nAbhAvo na lakSyaM nApi lakSaNam / AkAzaM AkAzasamA dhAtavaH paJca ye pare // 7 // astitvaM ye tu pazyanti nAstitvaM cAlpabuddhayaH / bhAvAnAM te na pazyanti draSTavyopazamaM zivam // 8 // yathoktamAryaratnAvalyAm nAstiko durgatiM yAti sugatiM yAtyanAstikaH / yathAbhUtaparijJAnAnmokSamadvayaniH zritaH // AryasamAdhirAje coktaM bhagavatA - astIti nAstIti ubhespi antA zuddhI azuddhIti imespi antA | tasmAdubhe anta vivarjayitvA madhye'pi sthAnaM na karoti paNDitaH // astIti nAstIti vivAda eSaH zuddhI azuddhIti ayaM vivAdaH / vivAdaprAptyA na duHkhaM prazAmyate avivAdaprAptyA ca duHkhaM nirudhyate // -madhyamArikA, ka.7,8, --mAdhyamija vRtti, pR. 12-126.

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zUnya eTale dharA yA niHsvabhAvatA. kaI dhama yA dharmamAM, temaja A ke te pakSamAM baMdhAvuM e madhyamamArga nathI. je pAramArthika tattva che te caturkeTivinimukta ane mAtra prajJAgamya che. eTale teNe zUnyavAda nirUpIne paNa buddhanI madhyamapratipadA temaja punarjanma yA AdhyAtmika utkAntivAdanI rakSA te karI ja. A pachI chevaTe gAcAra Ave che. tene ema lAgyuM tevuM joIe ke zUnyavAda e koI tattvanuM bhAvi yA vidhirUpe nirUpaNa nathI karate, eTale buddhanuM vijJAnakendrita "nAma"tatva paNa lokonI daSTimAM zUnyavat banI jAya che. kadAca AvA koI vicAre ja yugAcAravAdIone vijJAnavAda tarapha preryA. emaNe nAma, citta, cetanA yA AtmA, je kahe tene mAtra vijJaptirUpe sthApyuM. emaNe pahelAMnA vAde karatAM vizeSa e sthApyuM ke pahelAMnA baddhavAdIo vijJAnabAhya rUpa-IndriyagrAhI bhUta-bhautika tattva-nuM vAstavika astitva svIkArIne vicAra karatA, tyAre prAcIna ane navIna badhA ja vijJAnavAdIoe evA bAhya rUpanuM pRthaka astitva na svIkAryuM; ane kahyuM ke jene bauddho ane itara vAdIo "rUpa" kahe che te mUrta tatva mAtra vijJAnanuM eka svarUpa ja che, paNa avidyA, vAsanA yA saMvRtine kAraNe te vijJAnathI juduM hoya ema bhAse che. A rIte bauddha paraMparA AtmasvarUpa paratve aneka tabakakAmAMthI pasAra thatAM thatAM chevaTe gAcArasaMmata vijJaptimAtratAvAdamAM pratiSThA pAme che ane dharma kIrti, zAntarakSita ane kamalazIla jevA ene buddhigrAhya banAvavAne samartha prayatna kare che.' bauddha paraMparAnI kaI paNa zAkhA kema na hoya, te darekane dehabhede svasaMmata cittasaMtAna yA jIvane vAstavika bheda ISTa che. vijJAnAtavAdI jevA, jeo vijJAnabAhya kazuM ja vAstavika nathI mAnatA, teo paNa vijJAna saMtatiene paraspara vAstavika bheda mAnI, dehabhede chavabhedanI mAnyatA, je zramaNa paraMparAnuM eka sAmAnya lakSaNa che, tenuM ja anusaraNa kare che. bauddha paraMparA citta, vijJAna saMtatiyA jIvanA parimANa viSe kaI khAsa vicAra rajU nathI karatI, jethI cakkasapaNe ema kahI zakAya ke te aNuvAdI che ke dehaparimANa vAdI che. chatAM bauddha granthamAM jyAM tyAM ema kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke citta yA vijJAnane Azraya hadayavaltha che. tethI sAmAnya rIte ema kahI zakAya ke bauddho parimANanI daSTie citta yA jIvatattvane khAsa vicAra karatA nahi hoya teya teo hadayavalthanizrita vijJAnanI sukha-duHkhAdi vedanArUpa asara dehavyApI ghaTAvatA ja haze. 1. pramANavArtika, 2.327 Adi; tattvasaMgrahanI bahirarthaparIkSA, pR. 550-582. 2. A vastune siddha karavA ja dharmakAtie santAnAntarasiddhi grantha lakhyo che. 3, vizuddhimaga, 14.60; 17.163 Adi.

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jema jaina, sAMkhya, yoga Adi pitapotAnI rIte janmAktara ghaTAvavA eka sthAnathI sthAnAntaramAM saMcare evuM sUkSama zarIra mAne che, tema bauddho paNa pahelethI mAnatA AvyA hoya ema lAge che. dIghanikoyamAM "gandharva pada Ave che. tene artha ema karavAmAM Avyo che ke koI mRtyu pAmI anyatra janma levAnuM hoya tyAre, e gandharva sAta divasa sudhI anukULa takanI pratIkSA kare che. A gandharvanI kalpanAne AdhAre kathAvastha jevA granthamAM antarAbhava zarIranI carcA thaI che. AgaLa jatAM vasubadhu jevA vaibhASiko ane bIjAoe paNa antarAbhava zarIra mAnI tenuM samarthana karyuM che. mAtra apavAda che gheravAdI buddhaSano. eNe evuM keI antarAbhava zarIra mAnyA vinA ja pratinidhanI upapatti keTalAMka daSTAnDe ApI karI che. javasvarUpa viSe aupaniSada vicAradhArA - have jIvanA svarUpa paratve aupaniSada vicAradhArA laI kahevuM prApta che. judA judAM prAcIna upaniSadomAM ane keTalIkavAra eka ja upaniSadanA judA judA bhAgomAM jIva ane brahmanA svarUpa paratve kalpanabheda temaja vicArabheda dekhAya che. tethI ema kahI zakAya ke samagra upaniSadane sUra eka ja prakArane nathI. Ane lIdhe ja upaniSada upara AdhAra rAkhatA cintakomAM pahelethI ja jIvanA svarUpa para aneka vicAraprasthAne cAlatAM. e prasthAnemAMthI potAne abhipreta evA mantavyanI sthApanA mATe bAdarAyaNe brahmasUtra racyuM, ane temAM keTalAka pUrva pracalita matAntare ullekha karyo. upaniSadonI peThe brahmasUtranI paNa bahu pratiSThA baMdhAI tethI enA upara aneka vyAkhyAo racAvA lAgI; ane je vicAraprasthAne prathamathI astitvamAM hatAM, te brahmasUtranI vyAkhyArUpe pAchAM vikasyAM. paraMtu e prAcIna vyAkhyAo Aje jemanI tema upalabdha nathI. AcArya zaMkare brahmasUtra Adi grantha upara bhASya lakhyAM ane mAyAvAda sthApyo ke tarata ja pAchI pratikriyA zarU thaI. je vicAraprasthAnane mAyAvAda mAnya na hatuM, temaNe kaI ne kaI pUrvavata AcAryonA mArganuM anusaraNa karI brahmasUtra upara mAyAvAda viruddha vyAkhyAo karI. AmAM bhAskara, rAmAnuja, nimbArka Adi AcAryo jANItA che. e AcAryonI vicAraNAmAM paraspara DeghaNe matabheda che, kAMIka paribhASA ane daSTA tenA upayogamAM paNa bheda che, chatAM eka bAbatamAM e 1. juo, abhidharmadIpa, pR.142 TippaNa sAthe; tathA The Tibetan Book of the Dead by Y. W. Evans-Wentiz; Published by Oxford Uni versity Press. 2. vizuddhimaga, 17.163.

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67 adhA maLatA che ke zakara kahe che tevuM jIvanu` mAtra mAyika astitva nathI; paNa e vAstavika che, ane te vAstavika astitva dharAvatA jIvA paNa dehabhede bhinna ane nitya che. za'kara Adi dareka AcAya potapotAnA mantavyanA samarthanamAM upaniSadonA AdhAra ja mukhyapaNe le che, ane ghaNe sthaLe eka ja pAThane te judI judI rIte ghaTAve che. A rIte aupaniSada prasthAnA aneka che, paNa enuM vargIkaraNa karI kahevu hoya teA ema kahI zakAya ke eka zaMkaranA pakSa, bIje maneA pakSa ane trIjA pakSamAM bAkI badhA. zakara brahma sivAya bIjA koI paNa tattvane pAramArthika sat na mAnatA hAvAthI vyavahAramAM anubhavAtA jIvabhedanI upapatti mAyA yA avidyA zaktithI kare che. e zakti paNa brahmathI svataMtra nathI. eTale zakaranA mata pramANe jIvA ane temane paraspara bheda e tAttvika nathI.1 AthI taddana viruddha madhyanA mata che. te kahe che ke jIvA kAlpanika nahi paNa vAstavika che. temane paraspara bheda paNa vAstavika che ane e brahmathI paNa bhinna che. A rIte madhvamata vAstava ananta-nitya-jIvavAdamAM sthAna pAme.ra bhAskara Adi badhA AcArcae jIvane vAstavika mAnela che kharA, paNu brahmanA eka pariNAma, kAya yA aMza lekhe. A pariNAma, kAya ke aMze bhale brahmazaktijanita hoya, paNa te kaI rIte mAyika nathI ja. Ama A vicAraprasthAnA cAle che. mahAbhAratamAM sAMkhyanA mata tarIke traNa vicArabhedo nAMdhAyelA maLe cheH eka cAvIsatattvavAdI che, bIjo svataMtra anaMta puruSa| mAnanAra pacIsatattvavAdI che; ane trIjo puruSAthI bhinna evuM eka brahmatattva mAnanAra chavvIsatattvavAdI che. ema lAge che ke kadAca mULamAM A traNa vicAraprasthAnA haze. tene AdhAre judA judA AcArcAe peAtapeAtAnI mAnyatA vikasAvI ane upaniSadonA AdhAra paNa lIdheA. AgaLa jatAM zaMkara jevAe prakRti yA pradhAnatattvanA svataMtra vyaktitva ane kartRtvane gALI nAkhI tene brahmazakti yA avidyA-mAyAnuM sthAna ApyuM, tyAre tenI sAthe ja pacIsamA 1. ". 'jIvo brahmaiva nAparaH / --trasiddhi, pR. 6. juo, DaoN. sI. DI. zarmAnuM yauddhona aura vaivAsa, rR. 224. tathA ca paramA zrutiH -: jIvezvarabhidA caiva jaDezvarabhidA tathA / jIvabhedo mithazcaiva jaDajIvabhidA tathA // mithazca jaDabhedo yaH prapaJco bhedapaJcakaH / - sarvadarzanasaMgraha, pUrNaprajJadarzana.

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tasvarUpe manAyela svataMtra anaMta je yA puruSonuM sthAna paNa na rahyuM. ane badhuM ja brahmamAMthI ghaTAvavAmAM AvyuM. bIjI bAju jeoe prakRti ane puruSanuM vyaktitva sAva gALI na nAkhyuM, paNa brahmanA eka pariNAma, kArya ane aMzarUpe tenuM vyaktitva sAcavI rAkhyuM, temaNe brahmanA pariNAmanI, kAryanI yA aMzanI vAstavikatA sthApIne javasvarUpanI pratiSThA sthApI. A badhA eka rIte vAstavajIvavAdI chatAM brahmapariNAmavAdI hAI parata-jIvavAdI kaTimAM Ave. Ane lagatI savistara carcAnuM A sthAna nathI, chatAM e vedAntI tenuM digdarzana karyA vinA jIvane lagate vicAra pUre thaI zake nahi, tethI have ApaNe e paNa vicArI laIe. jIva vizenI vedAMtavicAradhArA kevalAdvaita, satyapAdhi advaita, viziSTAdvaita, vaitAdvaita, avibhAgata, zuddhAdvaita, aciMtyabhedabheda jevI mukhyapaNe advaitalakSI paraMparAomAM pravartamAna che ane tavAda tarIke paNa samarthana pAmatI rahI che. kevalAdvaitavAda zaMkarane che. te ekamAtra brahmane pAramArthika mAnI jagatanI peThe jIvane bheda paNa mAyAbaLa ghaTAve che. tethI e vAda pramANe jIva e kaI svataMtra ane nitya tattva nathI, paNa mAyA avidyA yA antaHkaraNanA saMbaMdhathI thate pAramArthika brahmane AbhAsamAtra che, ane jyAre jIvanuM brahma sAthe ekya anubhavAya che tyAre e AbhAsa paNa rahevA nathI pAmate. kevalAdvaitavAdane mAtra zuddha ane akhaMDa ci-tattva ja ISTa hovAthI tene jema zuddha brahma sAthe jIvatatvanA saMbaMdhanI upapatti karavI paDe che, tema jIvanA pArasparika bhedanI paNa upapatti karavI paDe che. vaLI ene punarjanma ghaTAvavA dehathI dehAntarane saMkama paNa ghaTAvA paDe che. mULamAM eka ja tattva pAramArthika hoya ane aneka jAtanA bhede ghaTAvavA prApta thAya, tyAre tene upAya ekamAtra mAyA yA avidyAne Azraya le e ja che. kevalAdvaitavAde tethI ja mAyA yA avidyAne Azraya laI badhe ja laukika ane zAstrIya bhedapradhAna vyavahAra ghaTAvyA che, paNa A ghaTanA keI eka rIte nathI thaI zaMkarane aMtima svarUpe zuM iSTa hatuM te temanA zabdamAM nirdiSTa nathI. tethI temanA ziSya ane vyAkhyAkAree A viSayamAM aneka kalpanAo karI che, je ghaNI vAra parasparaviruddha paNa dekhAya che. A sthaLe ApaNe zaMkaranA vyAkhyAkAe karelI judI judI kalpanAonA DAka namUnA joIzuM, je uparathI ema kahI zakAya kharuM ke jIvanA svarUpa AdinI bAbatamAM kevalAdvaitavAdamAM dekhAya che teTalA matabhede bIjI kaI vedAMtavicAradhArAmAM UbhA nathI thayA. ahIM e paNa jANI levuM ghaTe ke dareka vyAkhyAkAre pitapatAnI mAnyatA che kalpanA siddha karavAmAM mukhyapaNe kRtione ja Azraya lIdhe che.

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gaMgAdhara sarasvatI nAmanA vidvAne vedAntasiddhAntasUktimaMjarI nAmane kArikAgraMtha racyuM che. appayadIkSitanI enA upara siddhAntalezasaMgraha nAmanI vyAkhyA che. A mULa ane vyAkhyAmAM kevalAdvaitInA jIvaviSayaka lagabhaga badhA ja matabhede saMgRhIta che ane enI carcA paNa che. emAMthI ApaNe atre mukhya mukhya laIe. 1. pratibiMbavAda--prakaTArthakAra, saMkSepazArIrakakAra, vidyAraNyasvAmI ane vivaraNakAra jevA AcAryo pitapotAnI rIte jIvane brahmanA pratibiMbarUpe varNave che. keI evuM pratibiMba avidyAgata te kaI aMtaHkaraNagata te bIje kaI ajJAnagata, ema judI judI rIte e pratibiMbavAdanuM samarthana kare che (vedAntasUktimaMjarI, prathama pariccheda, kA. 28-40). 2. avachedavAda-bIjA keI AcArya pratibiMbanA sthAnamAM "avaracheda pada mUkI kahe che ke antaHkaraNa Adi pratibiba brahma e jIve nahi paNa antaHkaraNAvacchinna brahma e jIvanuM svarUpa che. (ve. sU.maM. kA. 41.) 3. brahmajIvavAda-A vAda kahe che ke jIva e nathI brahmanuM pratibiMba ke nathI ene avaccheda, paNa avikRta brahma piote ja avidyAne lIdhe jIva che ane vidyAne lIdhe brahma che (ve. sU. ma. kA. 4ra). A rIte jIvanA svarUpanI bAbatamAM pratibiMba, avaccheda ane brahmAbheda ema traNa pakSe mukhyapaNe pracalita che. vaLI kevalAdvaitavAdIomAM jIva eka che ke aneka e paNa prazna carcA. keIe eka ja jIva mAnI eka zarIrane sajIva kahyuM ane anya zarIrane nirjIva kacyAM; te bIjAe eka ja jIva chatAM bIjAM zarIrene sajIva paNa kacyAM. ane vaLI trIjAe che ja aneka mAnyA. A rIte carcA vistarI (ve. sU. maM. kA. 43-44). A vistArane madhusUdana sarasvatIe siddhAntabiMdumAM ane sadAnanda vedAntasAramAM taddana TUMkAvyuM che. bhAskara kahe che ke brahma enI vividha zaktio dvArA jagatanI peThe jIvarUpamAM paNa pariName che. jI e brahmanA pariNAma che ane te kriyAtmaka-satya-upAdhithI janita hAI satya che. brahma eka ja chatAM tenA pariNAme aneka saMbhave che. bhAskaramate ekatva ane aneka vacce virodha nathI. eka ja samudra taraMgarUpe aneka dekhAya che, tema che e brahmanA aMza ane pariNAma che ane ajJAna hoya tyAM lagI tenuM vAstavika astitva che. ajJAna nivRta thaye e aNuparimANa cha brahmAbheda anubhave che.

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rAmAnuja viziSTAdvaitanuM pratipAdana karatAM jIvane jagatanI peThe mULamAM brahmAnA avyakta zarIrarUpe varNavI te avyaktane ja anukrame vyakta jIva ane vyakti prapaMcarUpe ghaTAve che. avyakta ci-zakti vyakta-jIvarUpa pAme ane pravRtti kare e badhuM parabrahma nArAyaNane ja AbhArI che. sUkama ane skUla, acita ke cit e banemAM parabrahma te vyApIne ja rahe che. nimbArka svAbhAvika bhedabhedavAdI hAI vaitAdvaitavAdI kahevAya che. te parabrahmane abhinna svarUpa mAnavA chatAM tene anaMta jIvarUpe pariNAma svIkAre che. eka ja vAyu jema sthAnabhede nAnArUpe pariName che tema, brahma paNa aneka jIvarUpe pariName che. e jI kaI kAlpanika ke Arepita nathI. vijJAnabhikSu kahe che ke prakRtinI peThe puruSo-che anAdi ane svataMtra chatAM te brahmathI judA kadI rahI zakatA nathI. je badhA ja brahmamAM avibhaktarUpe rahe che ane tenI ja zaktithI saMcAlita thAya che. A avibhAgata. vallabha kahe che ke jIva e jagatanI peThe brahmane vAstavika pariNAma che. evA pariNAma lIlAvaza UpajavA chatAM brahma pite avikRta ane zuddha ja rahe che. A zuddhAdvaita. cetanya paNa kahe che ke jIva-zakti vaDe brahma anaMta chArUpe pragaTe che. ane e jIne brahma sAthe bhedabheda che, paNa te acitanIya che. A aciMtyabhedabheda. bhAskarathI mAMDI caitanya sudhInA badhA vAda pramANe jIva e aNurUpa che ane jJAna temaja bhakti Adi dvArA ajJAnane nAza thAya tyAre te mukta thAya che. muktidazAmAM eka yA bIjI rIte te brahmanuM sAnnidhya anubhave che. A badhA ja aNujIvavAdI AcArye punarjanmanI upapatti sUkSma zarIra dvArA ghaTAve che. madhya vedAntI chatAM koI paNa jAtanA advaita ke abhedano Azraya lete ja nathI. te upaniSado ane anya granthone AdhAre ema sthApe che ke jIve che A ane ananta, paNa te svataMtra ane nitya heI nathI parabrahmane pariNAma ke nathI kArya ke nathI aMza. jyAre ajJAnathI mukta thAya tyAreya che e brahma yA viSNunuM svAmitva anubhave che. veda ane vedAntane AdhAra lIdhA sivAya ja svataMtrapaNe vicAra karanAra zAmAM eka pratyabhijJAdarzana paNa che. te kahe che ke parabrahma e ja ziva; enAthI bIjuM kaMI caDiyAtuM na hoI te anuttara paNa kahevAya che. A anuttara brahma ja pitAnI IcchAthI jagatanI peThe anaMta jIvone paNa pragaTAve che. e ja tattvataH zivathI abhinna ja che.

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vyAkhyAna 5 Izvaratattva ApaNe jIvatatva viSe kAMIka vicArI gayA. tattvajJAnamAM acetana, cetanajIva ane Izvara Adi aneka tenI carcA che, paNa eka rIte e badhI carcAnuM madhyabindu cetana yA jIvatatva che. dareka tattva svarUpamAM asti hoya teya tenuM jJAna, tenI vicAraNA, tene upayoga ane upaga e badhuM jIvane lIdhe che. kharI rIte tattvamAtranuM mUlyAMkana e jIvanI cetanAne AbhArI che. cetanA, jJAnazakti ane jIvanavyApAra e jIva yA AtmatatvanI kamika athavA vikasita avasthAo che. tethI cetana e mAtra acetana vastuone vicAra temaja upaga ane upabhegA karIne saMtuSTa rahI nathI zakatuM. tenAmAM evI gUDha zakti che, je tene pitAthI vadhAre zreSTha, vadhAre ziva evA tattva pratye AkarSe che. A AkarSaNamAMthI ja Izvaratavane vicAra astitvamAM AvyA che ane dArzanike, sUma cintake temaja AdhyAtmika sAdhakee tene vikasAve paNa che ane jIvanamAM pacA paNa che. prAstAvika kutUhala yA AzcaryamUlaka sRSTinA kAraNanI jijJAsA, bhaya ane trAsamAMthI vANa pAmavAnI temaja sthAyI sukha meLavavAnI abhilASA, mahatuM Alekhana pratye AkarSAvAnI sahaja vRtti, ane tene avalaMbI AdhyAtimaka pragati karavAnI bhAvanA, mahatuM ane agamyane sarvArpaNa karavAnI jhaMkhanA ane tenI sAthe sAmya ke abheda sAdhavAnI vRtti-A ane AnA jevAM aneka baLa cetana ke jIvamAM krame kame yA ekasAthe udayamAna thAya che ane tene lIdhe IzvaranI mAnyatA aneka svarUpe astitvamAM Ave che. mAnavajAtimAM kaI eve vaga nathI ke je eka yA bIje rUpe, eka yA bIje nAme, pitAthI zreSTha evA tattvane svIkAra karyA vinA AzvAsana meLavI zakate hoya. ahIM te IzvaraviSayaka mAnyatAne vicAra, mukhyapaNe dArzanika paraMparAone avalaMbI, karavAne heI tenI eka maryAdA che. pahelAM darzAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke keTalAka dArzanike acetanabahatvavAdI te bIjA acetana ekavavAdI che; e ja rIte keTalAka cetanabahutvavAdI te bIjA eka cetanavAdI paNa che. AmAMthI jeo acetana-ajIva ane cetana-jIvanuM bahutva svIkAre che temaNe te Izvarane acetana ane cetanathI bhinna evA eka anAdi-anaMta svataMtra tattva tarIke ja svIkArela che, emAM je apavAda che te jaina, bauddha ane sAMkhyamAM eka viziSTa prakAranA

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jeo mULamAM ja ekatattvavAdI che temaNe te jIvanI peThe Izvaratatvane vicAra paNa e mULa sAthe ja ghaTAvyuM che. have A viSe spaSTIkaraNa karIe. ema lAge che ke svataMtra IzvaratattvanI mAnyatA bahu jUnI che ane tethI te sAmAnya lokomAM rUDha paNa thayelI. je mAnyatAnAM mULa lekamAM vadhAre UMDAM hoya che te dArzanika ane tattvacintakane paNa vicAra karavA prere che. tethI ja IzvaranI mAnyatA viSe dArzanike e bahu pahelethI ja vicAra karyo hoya e saMbhava che. Izvara viSe mAhezvara mato sidhu-saMskRtinA avazeSamAM pAzupata jevA keI paNa saMpradAyanI pratIke maLe che. ane Aje paNa Izvara tarIke mAhezvara rudra ane zivanuM nAma vadhAre vyApaka che. je cAra prakAranA mAhezvarenuM varNana ane tenuM sAhitya maLe che te uparathI eTaluM te siddha che ke badhA ja mAhezvare, keI ne kaI nAme, keI ne kaIrUpe, mahezvarane mAnatA rahyA che. A badhA acetana ane jIvanuM bahatva svIkAranAra ja che. temAM koI evA che ke je Izvarane jagakAraNa mAnavA chatAM jIva-karmanirapekSa ane tethI karI pUrNa svataMtra evA kAraNa tarIke kape che; jyAre bIjA evA pUrNa svataMtra kAraNa tarIke na kalpatAM jIvakarmasApekSa kartA tarIke kalpa che. Ama mAhezvaramAM be mukhya vicArasaraNI che. izvara viSe nyAya-vaizeSika dRSTi nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA paNa acetana ane cetanabahutvavAdI che. kaNAdanAM sUtro vadhAre prAcIna che. paNa temAM IzvaratatvanI keI spaSTa carcA nathI. tenA upara je prazastapAdanuM bhASya che te tenI upalabdha vyAkhyAomAM prAcIna che. e bhAgamAM 1. A viSe AgrAmAM bharAyela InDiyana hisTrI koMgresanA adhyakSapadethI zrI. TI. ena. rAmacaMdrane ApelA bhASaNanAM pR. 5 thI 10 pAsa draSTravya che. 2. nanu mahadetadindrajAlaM yannirapekSaH paramezvaraH kAraNamiti / tathAtve karmavaiphalyaM sarvakAryANAM samasamayasamutpAdazceti doSadvayaM prAduHSyAt / maivaM manyethAH / -sarvavanasaMgata nIrApAzupatana, pR. 66. tamimaM paramezvaraH karmAdinirapekSaH kAraNamiti pakSaM vaiSamyanai ghuNyadoSadUSitatvAtpratikSipantaH kecana mAhezvarAH zaivAgamasiddhAntatattvaM yathAvadIkSamANAH karmAdisApekSaH paramezvaraH kAraNamiti pakSaM kakSIkurvANAH pakSAntaramupakSipanti / -- karyaTanasaMghAra phauvana, pR. 6,

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mahezvaranuM sRSTinA kartA ane sa'hartA tarIke vistRta vana Ave che. ane sAthe sAthe emAM e paNa sUcita che ke te mahezvara prANIonA zubhAzubha karmane anusarI sarjanasahAra kare che. vaizeSika danamAM mahezvaranI kartA tarIkenI pratiSThA prazastapAdathI thaI hAya evA sa'bhava kalpI zakAya. vaizeSika darzananuM samAnataMtra nyAyadarzana che. nyAyanA sUtrakAra akSapAde paNa IzvaranI carcA sakSepamAM karI che. paNa enA bhASyakAra vAtsyAyane e carcA vadhAre vizada karI che. bhASyanA vyAkhyAkArAmAM udyotakara ane vAcaspati mizranu sthAna bahu asAdhAraNa che. e bannee tA IzvaranA svataMtra vyaktitvanI ane tenA kartRtvanI evI prabaLa sthApanA karI che ke jANe te savasAdhAraNa lekamAM pracalita ane rUDha evA katRtvavAdane lagatI yuktio-dalIle nu dArzanika ane tArkika pariSkRta rUpa ja hAya. vAsyAyane, udyotakare ane vAcaspati mitre Izvarane sRSTinA kartA ane niyaMtA tarIke ja mAtra nathI sthApyA, paNa temaNe mULa sUtreA uparathI ja e spaSTa karyuM` che ke Izvara jagatanA sraSTA che, paNa te jIvaka sApekSa, nahi ke nirapekSa, tethI ema kahI zakAya ke mAhezvarAmAM je ka sApekSa-katRtva ane karmanirapekSa-katRtvanA matabheda hatA, te temanI sAme kadAca hAya ane temAMthI temaNe kama sApekSakatRtvavAdanuM vadhAre sabaLapaNe sa'gata samA~na karyuM. 73 ahIM eka bIjI Akhata paNa sarakhAvavA jevI che. te e ke keTalAka cintake Izvarane kartA tarIke mAnatA, paNa te tarka yA anumAnane khaLe mukhyapaNe tenuM sthApana karatA; jyAre khIjAo tenI sthApanAmAM mukhyapaNe svAbhipreta Agamane ja AdhAra letA ane kahetA ke anumAnathI e nirvivAda sthApI na zakAya; kema ke bIjA anIzvaravAdIe paNa potAnA samartha anumAnathI virodha kare tyAre izvarasAdhaka anumAna sakhaLa nathI rahI zakatuM. A rIte IzvaranI kartA tarIkenI sthApanAmAM koi anumAnanA tA kAI AgamanA mukhyapaNe Azraya letA ane pachI vadhArAmAM itara pramANanA upayAga karatA. nakulIza, pAzupata ane zaiveAmAM A ja muddA paratve matabheda che. temAMthI nyAyaparaMparA e mukhyapaNe IzvaranA katRtvasthApanamAM anumAnAvalambI rahI che; e vAta udyotakara ane vAcaspati bahu spaSTa kare che. 1. 2. 10 prazastapAdabhASyagata sRSTisaMhAraprakriyA | IzvaraH kAraNaM puruSakarmAphalyadarzanAt // 19 // na puruSakarmAbhAve phalAniSpatteH // 20 // tatkrAtitvA hetuH // 21 // -- nyAyasUtra. a. 4-1.

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nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparAmAM IzvaranI svataMtra vyakti tarIke--ane te paNa kartA, niyantA tarIke-eTalI badhI samartha sthApanA thaI che ane te viSe eTalA badhA cintana temaja taka pUrNa grantha lakhAyA che ke kema jANe ene lIdhe ja na hoya ke bIjA dArzanikee e muddA paratve pitApitAnA anukULa ke pratikULa vicArothI samRddha evuM puSkaLa sAhitya racyuM che. nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparAmAM sauthI mokhare tarI Ave evI vyakti che udayana. udayane te nyAyakusumAMjalinI racanA mAtra IzvaranI sthApanA mATe ja karI che ane temAM eNe pitAnI rIte tamAma anIzvaravAdIone javAba ApI chevaTe mahezvarane kartA, niyaMtA tarIke sthApela che. A uparathI ane bIjA keTalAMka kAraNothI ema lAge che ke nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA ane mAhezvara, pAzupata Adi paraMparAone vadhAre AMtarika saMbaMdha rahyo che. Izvara viSe sAMkhyoga paraMparA nyAya-vaizeSika pachI sAMkhyoga ane madhyaparaMparAno vicAra karIe. sAMkhyaga paraMparA e mAtra 24 ke 25tatvamAM nathI mAnatI; e te ra6 tattva paNa svIkAre che. temAM jema svataMtra puruSabahatvanuM sthAna che, tema svataMtra puruSavizeSa IzvaranuM paNa sthAna che. upalabdha pAtaMjalasUtrathI pahelAM paNa sAMkhya-ga paraMparAmAM aneka gro hatA ane hiraNyagarbha" ke svayaMbhUnA nAmathI gamArga paNa prasiddha hatuM. e gamArgamAM paNa svataMtra IzvaratattvanuM sthAna hatuM ja. paNa Aje e nakkI karavuM sarala nathI ke te badhA puruSa vizeSarUpa Izvarane mAtra sAkSI, upAsya yA japya rUpe ja mAnatA ke teo tenI nyAya-vaizeSikanI peThe bhraSTA-saMhartA tarIke paNa sthApanA karatA. upalabdha pAtaMjalasUtra uparathI te sIdhI rIte eTaluM ja phalita thAya che ke yoga paraMparAmAM IzvaranuM sthAna sAkSI yA upAsya rUpe raheluM che. paraMtu jyAre e sUtranuM bhASya vAMcIe chIe tyAre spaSTa thAya che ke bhAgyakAra Izvarane uddhAraka tarIke paNa mAne che. te kahe che ke bhUtAnugraha e IzvaranuM prajana che. te jJAna ane dharmanA upadezathI samagra prANIone uddharavAne saMkalpa kare che. A saMkalpa te satvaguNanA prakarSane avalaMbI kare che. joke vyAse pitAnA kathanamAM evuM spaSTa 9. Origin and Development of Samkhya System of Thought, pp. 49 etc. 2. Buddhist Logic, Vol. I, pp. 17, 20. 3. yogasUtra 1. 23-29. 4. prakRSTasattvopAdAnAdIzvarasya zAzvatika utkarSaH / -yojamArga. 1.24. tasya sAtamanuprAmAvega mUtAna prayoganam | ityAdi. -coLamAdhya. 1.25.

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nathI kahyuM ke e puruSavize Izvara kartA yA saMhartA paNa che; chatAM e te spaSTa ja kahyuM che ke te prANIone uddhAraka che ja. A rIte bhASyamAM IzvaranuM uddhArakapaNuM dAkhala thatAM ja tenA vyAkhyAkArene-khAsa karI vAcaspati mizra ane vijJAnabhikSu jevAne -pita pitAnAM maMtavya spaSTa karavAnI anukULa taka maLI, tethI temaNe bhASyanuM vyAkhyAna karatAM potapotAnI rIte paNa samarthapaNe sthApyuM che ke e yogasaMmata Izvara sRSTine kartA paNa che. emanI sthApanA mukhyapaNe AgamapramANane avalaMbI che. Izvara viSe madhyadaSTi madhyaparaMparA jeke vedAntI tarIke jANItI che ane brahmasUtra jevA aupaniSada granthane AdhAre pitAnAM maMtavya sthApe che, chatAM te bIjI badhI vedAntI yA aupaniSada paraMparAothI sAva judI paDe che. enuM tattvajJAna jatAM te ema ja lAge che ke tenA upara mukhyapaNe prabhAva nyAya-vaizeSika tattvajJAnane che. paNa jANe ke upaniSadanI vadhelI ane vadhatI jatI pratiSThAne laI teNe ene upaga pitAnI rIte karyo che ane te rIta eTale nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA pramANe acetana paramANu ane cetana jIvanA vAstavika bahatva uparAMta taddana svataMtra IzvaranuM eka vyaktirUpe sthApana karavuM te. joke e paraMparAe Izvarane brA yA viSaNu jevA padathI nidezela che, chatAM svarUpa daSTie e paraMparAsaMmata Izvara nyAya-vaizeSika yA sAMkhya-gasaMmata kartA izvara je ja dekhAya che. madhyaparaMparA Izvarane sRSTinA kartA, saMhartA tarIke varNave che ane prANIonA dharmAdharmane anusarI sRSTi nirmANa kare che ema paNa kahe che. A rIte jotAM, jema nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA Izvarane prANikarma sApekSa kartA mAne che, tema madhyaparaMparA paNa mAne che. eTale phera avazya che ke madhva svAbhimata Izvarane brahma kahI tenuM varNana brahmasUtramAMthI paNa tArave che, jyAre nyAya-vaizeSika paraMparA IzvarasthApanAmAM keI brahmasUtra ke upaniSadane AdhAra letI ja nathI. tethI ema paNa kahI zakAya ke madhyaparaMparAnA IzvarakartavavAdane mukhya AdhAra upaniSadene heIte AgamAvalaMbI che. jIvabahatvavAdI paraMparAne Izvara para vicAra cAle che eTale tevI ja bIjI paraMparAo, je IzvaravAdI nathI, tene vicAra atre karI le e prApta che. pUrvamImAMsaka, sAMkhya ane jena-bauddha e paraMparAo paNa svataMtrajIvabahutvavAdI che. paNa paraMparAo punarjanma ane paralakavAdI hovA chatAM jIvanA bhAvamAM IzvaranuM kaI sthAna nathI mAnatI. tenuM zuM rahasya che e jANavAthI IzvarakatRtvavAdI paraMparAo sAthe tenA vicArabhedanuM mULa yathAvat samajI zakAya,

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izvara viSe pUrvamImAMsaka daSTi prathama ApaNe pUrvamImAMsaka paraMparA laIe. tene mokSa viSe vicAra kare nathI; mAtra vartamAna leka ane svargAdi paraleka e be viSe vicAra kare che. banne lokomAM je kAMI prAptavya siddha karavuM hoya tenA sAdhana tarIke te paraMparA yajJAdi karmakAMDa upara AdhAra rAkhe che. evA karmakAMDamAM vaidika maMtra ane samucita vidhiprakiyA temaja hotA Adi purohitenuM ja mukhya sthAna che. tethI je yathAvidhi yajJa Adi karma kare te ISTaphaLa pAme. eTale A mAnyatAmAM phaleSNu puruSanA katvane ja sthAna che. ane tevuM kartutva jemAM che ja. tethI IzvaranI kRpA yA anugrahane e paraMparAmAM prazna ja Ubhe nathI thatuM. eTale emAM IzvarakatRtvane vicAra paNa aprastuta che. e paraMparAmAM je kAMI mukhya katva che te chevaTe vedajJAmAM samAveza pAme che. eTale ke vaidika AjJA pramANe karAyeluM karma evuM zaktisaMpanna hoya che ke te pite ja puruSanA ISTa phaLanuM janaka bane che. eTale A paraMparAmAM manca, devatA, vidhivat karma ane sAmagrIjanya zakti e ja IzvaranA kartutvanuM sthAna le che.' Izvara viSe sAMkhya, jaina ane bauddha daSTie paraMtu pacIsatatvavAdI sAMkhya ane jaina-bauddha paraMparAnI sthiti ethI sAva judI che. A traNe paraMparAo te svargAdi palaka uparAMta mekSa paNa mAne che, ane tene ja mukhya puruSArtha tarIke lekhe che. tema chatAM te mokSanI siddhimAM ke bIjA kaI paNa prakAranA phaLanI siddhimAM svataMtra IzvaranuM sthAna nathI ja ka5tI. A traNe paraMparAo puruSArthavAdI che. te zraddhA, niyati ane adaSTa jevAM tane mAne che avazya, paNa e to sAdhaka jIvane puruSArthane adhIna rahI upayogI bane che. A paraMparAo ema mAne che ke AtmA, jIva yA puruSa pite evI sahaja zakti dharAve che ke jene lIdhe te dhAre tevuM bhAvI nirmANa karI zake. te jema ajJAna ane klezanI vAsanAne vaza varte che, tema puruSArthane baLe ja te jJAna ane nirmohatvanI parAkASThA paNa siddha kare che. tenA puruSArthanI dizA UrdhvagAmI banatAM ja temAM rahela zraddhA, niyati ane adaSTa Adi tatve tene e ja dizAmAM upakAraka bane che. eTale A paraMparAomAM jIvamAM eTaluM badhuM svAtaMtrya kapAyeluM che ke temane pitA sivAya kartA tarIke bIjA keInA anugrahanI AvazyaktA nathI rahetI. A traNa paraMparAomAM paNa eka mahattvano bheda che, je dhyAnamAM levo joIe. sAMkhya-paraMparA puruSArthavAdI che kharI, paNa emAM puruSa, cetana yA jIvanA puruSArthanuM 1. zabarabhASya, 2.1.5 Adi. bIjAM kumArikanAM avataraNa mATe juo, nyAyAvatAravAtika vRtti, Ti5Na 5. 178 (sighI jaina sirIjha) ane temAM Apela nIcenI TippaNIo.

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keI sthAna ja nathI; je puruSArtha che te prakRti yA acetana tattva che. prakRti ja sRSTinuM upAdAna ane katrI-niyansI che. te pitAne samagra vyApAra phUTastha cetananA dvividha bhaMga mATe kare che. Indriyajanya jJAna ane vivekakhyAti e bane bhego prakRti puruSa mATe siddha kare che. vastutaH e bhege paNa prakRtinA ja che; puruSamAM te eno upacAra mAtra che. eTale sAMkhya-paraMparAmAM prakRtitattvanuM kartRtva, raSTisaMhArakAritva eTaluM badhuM pUrNa manAyuM che ke tene lIdhe jema kUTanitya cetana svIkRta chatAM temAM kava ke bhakatRtvano koI avakAza nathI rahetuM, tema IzvaratattvanA karNa tvane te zuM, paNa tenI mAnyatAne paNa avakAza nathI raheto. alabata, keI keI vicArake evA paNa thayA che ke je ema mAnatA ke sAMkhya-paraMparA Izvaratattvane sAva niSedha nathI karatI. emanuM kahevuM eTaluM ja che ke mokSanA sAdhanabhUta vivekakhyAtinI prAptimAM IzvaranI kaI AvazyakatA nathI. paNa kharI rIte pacIsatattvavAdI sAMkhya paraMparAmAM IzvaratattvanuM sthAna ghaTI ja nathI zakatuM. have jaina bauddha paraMparA viSe vicAra karIe. A banne paraMparAo sAMkhyanI jema phUTasthanityacetanavAdI nathI. ane jIva mA cittatatvamAM sahaja sadgaNane vikAsa mAne che. acetana yA rUpatasva jIva yA cittane pitAnI saguNavikAsanI dazAmAM upakAraka thaI zake, paNa vikAsanuM mULagata bIja te jIva, cetana yA cittamAM ja raheluM che. je sAdhake A bIjane pUrNapaNe vikasAvI siddhi meLave che, te badhA pite ja pUrNa I Izvara banI rahe che. AthI bhinna kaI e Izvara nathI, je raSTisaMhAra karate paNa haya, yA taTastha sAkSI paNa hoya. sAdhake sAdhakadazAmAM yA apUrNa avasthAmAM kaIne kaI AlambananI apekSA rAkhe che. evuM Alambana, A bane paraMparA pramANe, svaprayatnathI pUrNatA pAmela siddha yA buddha ja banI rahe che; ane jeo AvuM Alambana laI pUrNatA pAme che teo paNa pAchA bIjA sAdhaka mATe AlambananuM kAma ApI zake che. Ama jaina ane bauddha paraMparA pramANe siddha, mukta ane buddha evA AtmAo ke citto e ja Izvara ke paramezvara che. mImAMsaka, sAMkhya, jaina ane bauddha e cAreya paraMparA vizvamAM parivartana mAne che. paNa teo vizvane kyAreya prathama utpanna thayuM ema na mAnatA hAI vizvanI 1. vijJAnabhikSue sAMkhya pravacanabhASyanI prastAvanAmAM A ja vAta kahI che? ...brahmamImAMsAyA Izvara eva mukhyo viSaya upakramAdibhiravadhRtaH / tatrAMze tasya bAdhe zAstrasyaivAprAmANyaM syAd, yatparaH zabdaH sa zabdArtha iti nyAyAt / sAGkhyazAstrasya tu puruSArthatatsAdhanaprakRtipuruSavivekAveva mukhyo viSaya itIzvarapratiSedhAMzabAdhe'pi nAprAmANyam / yatparaH zabdaH sa zabdArtha iti nyAyAt / ataH sAvakAzatayA sAGkhyamevezvarapratiSedhAMze durbalamiti /

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78 sRSTimAM paNa Izvarakatvane avakAza nathI ApatA. uparanI carcAnA sAra e che ke mImAMsakA jema potAnI dRSTie kavAdI che tema sAMkhya, jaina ane bauddha paNa kavAdI ja che. kama karavAnu... ane tenu phaLa bhAgavavAnuM sAmarthya. peAtAmAM ja che. tethI karma karavAmAM ke tenu phaLa bhegavavAmAM jema IzvarakatvavAdI IzvaranI preraNAne sthAna Ape che, tema A paraparAe ApatI nathI. te kahe che ke kRta karmaneA paripAka thatAM te pAte ja svasAmarthyathI phaLa Ape che, ane samagra vizva-vaicitrya e karmAdhIna che. sAMkhya paraMparAmAM prakRtinA pUrNa kartRtvanuM je sthAna che te jaina ane auddha para'parAmAM jIva yA cittanA kartRtve lIdhuM che. 1 Izvara viSe pUrvanirdiSTa dRSTionA mukhya mukhya muddA have brahmavAdI aupaniSada dazanAnI IzvaraviSayaka mAnyatAne vicAra karIe te pahelAM upara je bhinna bhinna danAne laI carcA karI che, tenA mukhya muddA jANI levA jarUrI che, jethI e samajavu' saheluM paDe ke aupaniSada darzIneAnI mAnyatAmAM te ja muddAe kayAM ane kaI rIte sthAna pAmyA che. nyAya-vaizeSika, pAzupatamAhezvara, sAMkhya-cega ane maghna e Izvarane kartA mAne che, tyAre temanI mAnyatAmAM pahelI vAta e che ke Izvara e mAtra nimitta yA adhiSThAyaka kAraNa che, nahi ke upAdAna. tevuM kartRtva yA nimittakAraNatva paNa kAIne mate prANika sApekSa tA bIjAne mate prANikanirapekSa che. AvA kartRtvanI siddhi kAI mukhyapaNe anumAna pramANathI karI AgamanA AdhAra le che, te bIjA kAI e siddhi mukhyapaNe Agamane avalakhI kare che ane tarkane mAtra enA upeAkkhalaka tarIke svIkAre che. chavvIsatattvavAdI sAMkhyayoga puruSavizeSane Izvara kahe che, tyAre paNa te prakRSTa sattvanA AzrayathI ja prANIonA uddhAraka tarIkenu sthAna pAme che. paNa evA sattvanA Azraya vinA te svataMtrapaNe kAMI karI zake nahi. cAvIsa ke pacIsatattvavAdI sAMkhya te eka mAtra mULaprakRtinuM ja kartRtva ane niyAmakatva svIkAre che. te ja svataMtrapaNe puruSArtha vAste pravRtta thAya che. eTale jema te jagatanu' upAdAna tema nimitta kAraNa paNa che. je zubhAzubha kama buddhi dvArA thAya che te pAte ja kALa-paripAke phaLa Ape che. te mATe bIjA koI prerakanI apekSA 1. mana jo vaiziSyam / --midharmoSa. 4. 1. 2. yogasUtra 2. 12-14--A sUtro ane bhASyamAM je karmAzaya temaja tenA vipAkanuM vaNu na che te jotAM ema lAge che ke sAMkhyaparaparAnI kA~gata phaLadAnazakti ahIM varNita che. tethI ja vipAkanA prasaMgamAM Izvara yA evI kAI taTastha zaktine avakAza apAyA nathI. chatAMya prathama pAdamAM zviranA nirdeza tA Ave ja che. te sUcave che ke mULamAM e nirdeza sAdhanAmAM praNidhAna pUrato hoya. gaNudharavAdanI prastAvanAnuM kA~vicAraprakaraNa, pR. 109.

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7. nathI rahetI. jaina, bauddha ane sImAMsaka paNa potapotAnI rIte jIva yA puruSApArjita karmanuM ja IzvaranirapekSapaNe phaladAna-sAmarthya svIkAre che. A brahmavAdI sivAyanAM darzaneAnI sAmAnya vicAra-bhUmikA che. Izvara viSe brahmavAdI darzane have brahmavAdI darzonA viSe vicAra karIe. te badhAM ja, madhvane bAda karatAM, sAmAnya rIte mULaekatattvavAdI che. paNa e eka tattva eTale sAMpthasaMmata prakRti yA pradhAna nahi, paNa tethI bhinna evuM brahmatattva. pradhAnatattva mULe acetana svIkArAyuM che, te brahmatattva mULe ja cidrupa svIkArAyuM che. ema lAge che ke vedanA samayathI anekanA AdhAra tarIke keAI eka tattvanI zeAdha tA cAlatI. A zodha aneka takhAomAMthI pasAra thaI upaniSadomAM virame che, ane eka saccidAnaMdarUpa mULa tattva sthapAya che. paNa A tabakkAomAM eka evA paNa tamakko AvelA lAge che ke jyAre mULa tattva tarIke pradhAna jevuM paNa eka tattva manAyuM ane sthapAyu hoya. A ane vicAradhArAo mULamAM ekatattvavAdI che kharI, paNa temane anubhavasiddha ane savalAkagamya evA jaDa-cetanamahutvanA khulAse paNu anivAya rIte karavA ja paDe che. tethI pradhAnavAdI sAMkhyAe pradhAnane svataMtra kartAnuM sthAna ApyA chatAM puruSabahutva svIkArI vAstavika bahutvanI upapatti karI; te mULaekabrahmatattvavAdIoe brahmanAM sahakArI, upAdhi, vizeSaNa Adi judAM judAM nAmeAthI itara tattva svIkAryuM. A rIte banne vicAradhArAo mULaekatattvavAdI chatAM patayeAtAnI rIte bahutva ane nAnAtvanI upapatti karatI ja hatI. prakRtivAdI sAMkhyA prakRtinuM svataMtra kartRtva jema tarkathI sthApatA, tema keTalAka te sthApanAmAM upaniSadonA paNa upayoga karatA. temanI dRSTie prakRtinuM ja mukhya kartRtva ane puruSa e teA mAtra udAsIna, kartRtvabhAtRtvazUnya. A sAme brahmavAdInA prakhaLa virodha e hatA ke game tevuM tAya 1 1. sAMkhyAdayaH svapakSasthApanAya vedAntavAkyAnyapyudAhRtya svapakSAnuguNyenaiva yojayanto vyAcakSate / teSA' ya'd vyAkhyAnaM tad vyAkhyAnAbhAsaM na samyag vyAkhyAnamityetAvat pUrvakRtam / brahmasUtra-ra mAdhya. 2. 2. 1. upaniSada sAthe sAMkhyadarzInanA saMbadhanI carcA mATe juo History of Indian Philosophy (Belvalkar and Ranade) Vol, 2, pp. 412-430. sAMkhyAdayastvAstikAH nAtra prativAdinaH / tairboddhagatAbhyupagamavAdata eva svasvapratijJAtAnAM vedAntArthaikadezAnAM pratipAdanAditi mantavyam / --trahmasUtra-vijJAnAmRtamASya. 2. 1. 1.nuM utthAna.

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pradhAnatattva chevaTe te acetana ja che; ane acetana e AvA bahuvidha ane acinya racanAvALA vizvanuM sarjana ke niyamana kevI rIte karI zake e mATe te acityazaktisaMpanna kaI cetanatattva ja joIe. A vicAra jema jema prabaLa thato gayo tema tema te aneka AkAra paNa lete gaye. brahmasUtranI racanA e A vicArane ja AbhArI che. emAM svataMtra pradhAnamtavavAdane Agama ane takane AdhAre nirAsa karavAmAM Avyo che ane ekamAtra brahmatattvanuM mukhya kartRtva sthApavAmAM AvyuM che. brahmasUtranAM upalabdha badhAM ja bhAge e bAbatamAM ekamata che ke brahmatattva e ja vizvanuM mukhya ane svataMtra kAraNa che. paNa ahIM mAtra kAraNutAnA vicAramAM ja bhASyanI vyAkhyA samApta nathI thatI. temane e mULa kAraNane khulAse IzvaratvanI paribhASAmAM paNa kare paDe che. tethI badhA ja bhASyakAra, paraspara game teTale matabheda hoya chatAM, jyAre brahmatatvamAM Izvaratva ghaTAve che, tyAre temane temanI sAmenA avaidika IzvaravAdIonI keTalIka mAnyatAo ane upapattione paNa svAbhimata IzvaratvanI vyAkhyAmAM ghaTAvavI paDe che. brahmasUtranAM upalabdha bhALe mukhya be vargamAM vaheMcAI jAya cheH eka vargamAM mAtra zaMkara Ave che ane bIjA vargamAM bhAskarathI mAMDI caitanya sudhInA badhA. zaMkara e kevalAdvaitI che. ene brahma sivAya bIjA keI tattvanuM pAramArthikatva ISTa nathI; ane sAthe sAthe ene e paNa mukelI che ke kevaLa kUTanitya brahma ja hoya te bahutva kyAMthI Ave ane kema anubhavAya ? evuM kUTanitya brahma pariNAmI te hoI zake nahi. vaLI baMdha-mela ane jIvabhedanI paNa vyavasthA ghaTAvavI rahI. AvI badhI muzkelIone aMta zaMkare mAyAvAda svIkArIne karyo. mAyAne svataMtra tatva mAne teya kevalAdvaita na Take. eTale teNe ene sadasadanirvacanIya Adi rUpe varNavI brahmatattvathI bhinna paNa na mAnI ane sarvathA abhinna paNa na mAnI, ane chatAMya mAyAnuM astitva svIkArI kevalAdvaitavAdanI upapatti karI ane dazyamAna vyAvahArika prapaMcanuM astitva mAyika che ema sthApyuM. kharI rIte svataMtrapradhAnavAdI sAMkhyane je ekamAMthI bahatva ghaTAvavAnI muzkelI hatI, te ja muzkelI zaMkarane paNa hatI. paNa sAMkhya mArga pariNAminityatAvAdane lIdhe sarala hate. zaMkarane mAge te sarala na hatuM. teya teNe pitAne mArga bahu kuzaLatAthI sarala banAvyuM. joke zaMkare mAyAnA AzayathI brahmatattvanuM kUTanityatva ane pitAne kevalAdvaitavAda ane sthApyAM, paNa eNe tatkALa ke keme karI upasthita thanArA prazno viSe kaI sarvAgINa khulAse na karyo. e khulAse tenA samakAlIna ane uttarakAlIna dhurandhara vidvAna ziSyae karyo. tethI e khulAsAnA aneka prakAre maLI Ave che. sarvajJAtmamuni eka jAtano khulAso kare, te vAcaspati mizra bIjI

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jAtane; ane trIjA AcArya trIjI jAtane, ItyAdi. paNa e badhA khulAsAomAM zaMkaranuM mukhya abhipreta tattva pUrepUruM sacavAI rahyuM che. te tattva eTale kevalAdvaitavAda." jyAre brahmane ja Izvara kahe hoya tyAre e khulAso karavA paDe che ke ekamAtra brahma e Izvara ane e ja jIva yA cha -e kevI rIte ghaTe? tethI zAMkara vicArake e enI upapatti karavAmAM mAyA ane avidyAnuM dvitaya paNa svIkAryuM. mAyApAdhika brahma te Izvara ane avidyAdhika brahma te jIva. mAyA e samaSTigata avidyA ja che; jyAre vaiyaktika avidyA te jIvanI upAdhi. brahmane IzvararUpe varNavyA ane sthApyA pachI paNa aneka prazno UbhA thAya ja che. temAMnA mukhya A rahyAH brahma je mAyAnA AzrayathI sRSTi sarje che te mAyAnuM svarUpa zuM? vaLI, e sarjana prANIonA karmasApekSa che ke nirapekSa, ane IzvaranuM sthApana mukhyapaNe tarkathI karavuM ke AgamathI? ItyAdi. A praznono javAba paNa zAMkara vicAre Ape che. ene ekaMdara dhvani e che ke sRSTi anAdi che, prANIonA karmane anusarI navanavA kalpamAM Izvara sarjana kare che, ane mukhyapaNe e Agamane-khAsa karI upaniSadone-AdhAre siddha che. tarka bahu te enuM anukULa samarthana karavAmAM upagI che. A rIte upalabdha bhALe paikI sauthI prAcIna zAMkarabhAve saccidAnaMda brahmane ja IzvaratattvarUpe svIkArIne tene ja carAcara jagatanA upAdAna tathA nimittakAraNarUpe sthApyuM, ane je nyAya-vaizeSika Adino svataMtra IzvaranimittavAda hatuM tenuM nirAkaraNa karyuM, ane sAthe ja sAMkhyasaMmata svataMtra prakRtinA katRtvavAdanuM paNa nirAkaraNa karyuM. tema ja jeo anIzvaravAdI hatA temanA matane paNa avaidika kahI niSedhyA. A rIte brahmavAdIomAM brahmanA pUrNa kartavanI ane IzvaratvanI sthApanA siddha thaI. paraMtu zaMkaranI pahelAM paNa brahmasUtranA vyAkhyAkAre aneka thaI gayAnAM pramANe maLe che te badhA ja vyAkhyAkAre eka ja prakAre vyAkhyA karatA ema paNa na hatuM, chatAM e badhA vyAkhyAkAramAM ekasamAnatA e rahelI lAge che ke temAMthI keI zaMkaranI jema kevalAtI yA mAyAvAdI na hate. ane keI hoya teya tene kaI spaSTa AdhAra maLatuM nathI. te badhA ja mukhyapaNe brahmatattvane prakRtithI bhinna evuM svIkAratA; chatAM teo brahmane pariNAmI mAnatA. sAMpe paNa prakRtine pariNAmI. mAne ane brahmavAdIo brahmane pariNAmI mAne che, banemAM antara zuM rahyuM?-e prazna temanI sAme paNa have joIe. tethI lagabhaga te badhA vyAkhyAkAre e bahAne pariNamI mAnI temAMthI ja acetana ane cetananI sRSTi ghaTAvI; chatAM brahmanA 1. juo, dAsaguptA-hisTrI oNpha InDiyana philosophI, bhA. 3, pR. 197, 198nI pAdaTIpa naM. 2.

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tAtvika svarUpane e pariNAme mAMya phUTastha tarIke sAcavavAnI aneka yuktio, upapattio ApI, ane aneka daSTAnta dvArA enuM samarthana karyuM. zaMkara pahelAMnA vyAkhyAkAranA grantha akhaMDa te upalabdha nathI, paNa emanA vicArapravAhe judI judI AcArya paraMparA dvArA sacavAyA, paSAyA ane vikasyA paNa che. temAMthI bhAskara prathama Ave che. te brahmatattvane pariNAmI mAnI temAM vividha zaktio svIkAre che, ane eka zaktithI bhAgyasRSTinuM te bIjI zaktithI bhaktA-jIvasRSTinuM sarjana ghaTAve che; ane brahmane ja achA, pAlayitA ane saMhAraka tarIke IzvaranuM sthAna ApI tene ja upAdAna ane nimittarUpe mAnI zaMkaranI peThe bIjA vAdone nirAza kare che. bhAskara paNa IzvaranI sthApanAmAM mukhya AdhAra upaniSadono le che ane sRSTine prANikarmasApekSa mAne che. te acetana-cetana vizvane upAdAnasvarUpa brahmatattvathI bhinnabhinna mAne che. te kahe che ke vastumAtra amuka daSTie eka te bIjI daSTie aneka che. eka ja vastumAM ekava ane anekatva svAbhAvika che, vAstavika che. jema samudra eka chatAM taraMgarUpe aneka che, tema brahmarUpa Izvara eka chatAM te jaga-jIvAtmaka pariNAmarUpe aneka paNa che. A pariNAme bhale alpakAlIna hoya, paNa tethI e kAMI avAstavika TharatA nathI. A rIte bhAskarane brahmamAM Izvara sthApavA mATe zaMkaranI peThe mAyAne Azraya le nathI paDyo, paNa eNe brahmamAM sahabhe vAstavika aneka zaktio ja svIkArI che. ahIM eka bAbata dhyAna ApavA jevI che, te e ke sAMkhe jema mULa prakRtimAMthI tanmAtrA Adi bhegyasRSTi ane buddhi, ahaMkAra Adi rUpa bhakatRzakita ghaTAvatA, tema bhAskara mULa brahmamAMthI ja ghaTAve che." Ama te upaniSadakALamAMya ativicAranI pratiSThA vadhatI ane jAmatI jatI hatI, paNa bIjI bAjue dvitavicArake paNa aupaniSada vartulanI aMdara tema ja bahAra spaSTapaNe daitavicAranuM sthApana kare ja jatA hatA. A vicArasaMgharSamAMthI eka prakArane tAdvaitavAda paNa judA judA svarUpamAM astitvamAM Avate ja hate. sadaAta, dravyAdvaita, guNata, brahAta, vijJAnAdvaita ane zabdAdvaita jevA advaita vicAronuM prAdhAnya hatuM tyAre temAM zaMkarane kevalAdvaitavAda sabaLapaNe umerA. AnI pratikriyA daitavicArake upara ane dvaitAdvaitavicArake upara paNa thaI. tethI te banee potapotAnI rIte mAyAzrita kevalAdvaitavAdane virodha karavA mAMDyo. jema bhAskare, tema anya prabaLa ane prabaLatama AcAryoe kevalAdvaitavAdane niryutika 1. juo, dAsaguptA-ukta pustaka, bhA. 3; 5. 6; ane bhAskarabhASya (brahmasUtra) 2.1.14, pR. 97.

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ane niSpamANaka siddha karavA kamara kasI. temAM upaniSadane anusaranAra AcAryo paNa thayA. sAMkhya ane madhva jevAe te zuddha Atane avalaMbI virodha karyo, paNa rAmAnuja Adi jevAoe advaitanuM avalaMbana karyA chatAM eka judA ja prakAranuM advaita sthApI zaMkaranA kevalAdvaitane prabaLa nirAsa zarU karyo. AvA advaitavAdIomAM sAMkhya-ga, vaiSNava ane zaiva paraMparAne anusaranAra AcAryo thayA che. rAmAnuja, nibArka, vallabha ane caitanya jevA AcAryo pitapatAnI rIte vaiSNava paraMparAne Azraya laI brahmAdvaita sthApavA chatAM vastutaH temAM bhedabheda ane dvaitAdvaitavAdanuM ja samarthana karatA. bhAskare brahmA yA IzvaratattvamAM je vAstavika ekAnekatva yA bhedabheda sthApyuM hatuM tene ja saheja judA judA rUpamAM A vaiSNava ane zaiva Adi AcAryoe vadhAre vigatathI caryo ane sthApe. bIjI bAjue vijJAnabhikSu jevAe paNa brahmAta sthApyuM. paNa teNe mULamAM sAMkhya-ga vicArane advaita paribhASAmAM geha; te zrIkaMTha jevAe zaiva paraMparAne avalaMbI brahmatatvanI zivarUpe vyAkhyA karI ane potAnI rIte achata paNa sthApyuM. A rIte upaniSada ane brahmasUtrane AdhAra laIne paNa zaMkaranA kevalAdvaitane prabaLa virodha karanAra aneka paraMparAonA aneka AcAryoe brahmasUtra upara vyAkhyAo lakhI che. ane temAM dareka brahmatattvane Izvara, paramezvara, nArAyaNa, viSNu, kRSNa, ziva Adi judAM judAM nAmathI advaita ane kUTastharUpe sthApe che. ane chatAMya e IzvaratavamAMthI acita-citnI yA jaDacetanasRSTinI vAstavika utpatti ghaTAve che. rAmAnuja jevA kahe che ke parabrahma yA nArAyaNa sarvavyApI ane sarvAntaryAmI hovA uparAMta vAstavika maMgaLaguNanuM nidhAna che. tenA mULa svarUpamAM te te kUTastha ja che, paNa pitAnI zakiAothI te pitAnA avyakta yA kAraNAvastha acit ane ci-tattvarUpa sUkSma zarIrane vyakta yA kAryAvastha banAve che. nArAyaNanI zaktinI ja prakRti ane jIvata, je potAnA zarIrarUpe pitAnI sAthe hatAM te ja, saMcAlita thAya che. ane te acit temaja cisRSTi arthAt jaDa-cetana jagata vAstavika che, mAyika nathI. rAmAnuje parabrahmane Izvara ane vAsudevarUpe sthApavAmAM mukhyapaNe Agamane ja AdhAra svIkAryo che, ane kahyuM che ke anumAna e sthApanA mATe samartha pramANa che ja nahi, vaLI teNe prANikarmasApekSa sRSTinI racanA Izvara dvArA svIkArI che, chatAMya IzvarecchAnuM svAtaMtrya paNa sAcavyuM che. pitAnA pUrvaguru yamunAcAryathI anumAna pramANanI pradhAnatAnI bAbatamAM judA paDIne paNa rAmAnuje AgamapramANanI vAsudeva yA nArAyaNarUpa parabrahmanuM sthApana karavAmAM upaniSadene upayoga chUTathI karyo che, ane jyAM jyAM zaMkare kevalAddhataparaka artha ghaTAvyuM hatuM tyAM paNa eNe, viziSTAdvaitaparaka artha tAravI, batAvyuM che ke upaniSado ane

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84 brahmasUtranuM tAtparya nArAyaNarUpa parabrahmamAM ja che. ane e paNa ghaTALyuM nArAyaNa parabrahma ja cetanAcetana jagatanAM upAdAna ane nimittakAraNa che. nimbArka paNa brahmatattvanI IzvararUpe sthApanA karI tene ja viSNu kahela che. e paNa pAramArthika bhedAbheda yA dvaitAdvaitavAdI che. ene mate paNa paramabrahma viSNu ja vAstavika carAcara jagatanuM upAdAna ane nimittakAraNa che. e paNa peAtAnI sthApanAmAM mukhyapaNe AgamapramANanA AdhAra le che, ane prANika sApekSa ja sRSTi svIkAre che. vijJAnabhikSue sAMkhya, ceAga ane vedAntanI vyAkhyAe karI che. teNe paNa brahmasUtranI vyAkhyA karatAM peAtAnA bhASyamAM brahmatattvane IzvararUpe sthApyuM che. paNa teNe bhAskara, rAmAnuja Adi karatAM potAne rAhu judo lIdhA che. teNe parabrahmane Izvara sthApatI vakhate ceAgapara parAsa`mata IzvaranI sthApanAmAM lIdhela yuktinA upayAga karI kahyuM che ke sattvarUpa zuddha prakRtinuM avalaMbana karI brahma pAtAmAM ja sadA va mAna evA prakRti ane puruSatattvane sarje che, viksAve che. prakRti ane puruSA-jIve e vAstavika che, brahmathI bhinna paNa che; chatAM te brahmarUpa adhiSThAna sivAya anyatra rahetA ja nathI. tethI te bhinna chatAM brahmathI avibhakta che. ane eNe brahmatattvanI upAdAna yA nimittakAraNarUpa cAlu vyAkhyA choDI adhiSThAnakAraNarUpe vyAkhyA karI, ane kahyuM ke A adhiSThAnakAraNa e samAyi, asamavAyi ane nimittakAraNathI juduM ja cothA prakAranuM kAraNa che. jemAM avibhAgarUpe kAya rahetu hoya ane jenAthI upabha pAmI pravRtti karI zakatuM hoya te ja adhiSThAnakAraNa. AvuM adhiSThAnakAraNu brahma che ane prakRti-puruSa emAM ja avibhakta thaI rahe che. tethI vijJAnabhikSu avibhAgAdvaitavAdI kahevAya che. e zaMkaranA mAyAvAdanA ahu ja ugrapaNe vidha kare che ane upaniSado tema ja aneka purANa, smRti Adine AdhAre brahmatuM nirvibhAgAdvaitarUpe sthApana karI tene ja Izvara kahe che. vijJAnabhikSu brahmane ja Izvara mAnI 1. jue, dAsaguptA--ukta pustaka, bhA. 3, pR. 156; sUkSmacidacidvastuzarIrasyaiva brahmaNaH sthUlacidacidvastuzarIratvena kAryatvAt / ke e --zrIbhASya. 1. 1. 1. (khAmbe saMskRta sirIjha; pR. 111.) 2. jue, dAsaguptA ukata pustaka, bhA. 9, pR. 405-406 Ardi; tathA nimbArka bhASya ( brahmasUtra) 1. 1. 4--tamAta sarvajJaH sarvAcisyAtividha ganmAvi heturvedaikapramANagamyaH sarvabhinnAbhinno bhagavAn vAsudevo vizvAtmaiva jijJAsAviSayastatraiva sarvaM zAstraM samanvetItyopaniSadAnAM siddhAntaH //

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5 jyAre brahmasUtra upara lakhe che tyAre e spaSTa dIse che ke teNe yAgabhASya upara vArtika lakhatI vakhate IzvarasvarUpa mATe je yukti vAparelI tene ja brahmanA pratipAdanamAM te le che. eTale ema kahI zakAya ke vijJAnabhikSu e za`karanI peThe sAMkhya ane sAMkhya yoga para'parAne avaidika nathI mAnatA. te te eTale sudhI kahe che ke sAMkhyasaMmata prakRti e vaidika che. te tenA AdhAre paNa TAMke che, ane kahe che ke alabatta, prakRti e brahmane a'za che eTaluM ja. vaLI brahmane IzvarakAya karavuM hoya tyAre je anAdizuddha tattvanA Azraya levA paDe che te mAyAnI peThe at yA apAramArthika nathI. brahmasUtranI vyAkhyA karatAM sAMkhyamatane niSedha karavAnA prasaMga Ave che, tyAre te mukhyapaNe eTaluM ja kahe che ke prakRtirUpa mULa kAraNa e mAtra anumAnathI siddha na thaI zake. e sRSTine prANika sApekSa mAne che. vallabhAcArya paNa brahmane izvararUpa sthApavA potAnA bhASyamAM prayatna karyAM che. dekhItI rIte e prayatna bIjA AcAryothI bhinna bhAse che, paNa vastutaH emanI prakriyA mULamAM rAmAnuja AdithI judI nathI. vallabhAcAya zuddhAdvaitavAdI hAI brahmane vizvasvarUpa ane vizvane brahmasvarUpa kahe ane vizvanuM pAramArthikatva sthApe eTaluM ja. emaNe vaLI brahmarUpa Izvarane jagatanuM kAraNa kahetI vakhate bIjA pUvartI AcAryA karatAM paribhASA judI vAparI che. te kahe che ke Izvarabrahma e vizvanuM upAdAna kAraNa nahi paNa samavAyikAraNa che, ane emaNe samavAyikAraNanI vyAkhyA paNa kAMIka aMze nyAya vaizeSikanI vyAkhyA karatAM judI karI che. brahmane ja mukhyapaNe AgamapramANathI e sthApe che, ane sRSTine paNa prANika sApekSa svIkAre che, chatAM IzvaranI icchA yA lIlAnuM pUrNa svAtaMtrya sAcave che. vallabhAcArye eka prazna e uDAvyeA che ke jo Izvaratattva sat, cit ane AnaMdarUpa hoya te enA kAya yA pariNAmarUpa vizvamAM paNa te samavAyikAraNarUpa IzvaranA traNa aMze anubhavAvA joIe; jyAre acit yA ciljagatamAM samAnapaNe teA mAtra astitvaaza ja anubhavAya che, ane jIvajagatamAM caitanya anubhavAya che, ane te paNa tAratamyathI anubhavAya che. jo Izvara-brahma ane vizvane abheda hAya, athavA kaho ke vizva samavAyikAraNanuM kArya hoya, te e kA mAM samavAyikAraNanA adhA guNeA samAnapaNe AvavA ja joIe; paNa te samAnapaNe anubhavAtA nathI. Ama kema ? Ane uttara emaNe brahmasUtra 1.1.3 nA bhASyamAM saMkSepamAM paNa buddhigrAhya rIte ApyA che. ane e saMkSepanA vistAra bhASyanA TIkAkAra 1. juo, dAsaguptA--ukata pustaka, bhA. 3, pR. 445-495; tathA vijJAnAmRtabhASya 1. 1. 2, 1. 1. 4, 2. 1. 32.

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puruSottamajIe karyo che. te kahe che ke samAyikAraNarUpa brahmanA sattva Adi guNa kArya jagatamAM tAratamyathI vyakta thatA dekhAya che, tenuM kAraNa AvaraNabhaMganuM tAratamya che. acivizvamAM caitanya vyakta nathI, tyAM tenuM AvaraNa che, paNa citajagatamAM e AvaraNa zithila hoI caitanya anubhavAya che ane cijagatamAM paNa caitanyanuM tAratamya che. tenuM kAraNa paNa AvaraNabhaMganuM tAratamya che. zuddha AnaMdAMza te IzvaramAM ja abhivyakta hoya che. vallabhAcAryane e prazna paNa thaze ke je vizvanuM mULa kAraNa triguNAtmaka prakRti manAya che ane tenAthI ja vicitryanI upapatti sAMkhyAcAryo karatA AvyA che, te e mULatattvane khaseDI tenA sthAnamAM atirikta brahmatanI IzvararUpe sthApanA karavAmAM vizeSatA zI che? Ano uttara temaNe Apyo che. te kahe che ke triguNAtmaka prakRtimAM je sattvaaMza che tene lIdhe sukhanuM bhAna ghaTAvI na zakAya, kemake pradhAnajanya sRSTimAM sarvatra sattva aMza to che ja. je ene lIdhe sukha ane jJAna saMbhavita hoya te samagra vizvamAM te ekasarakhAM anubhavAvAM joIe. paNa ApaNe joIe chIe ke koI eka ja vastu aneka jIvane samAna kALamAM sukha, duHkha ane mehanuM kAraNa bane che. tema ja eka jIvane paNa kALabhede e ja vastu sukha, duHkha Adi rUpa bane che. tethI sukha, duHkha, jJAna Adine thate anubhava sattva Adi guNamUlaka mAna na joIe, paNa Izvaragata cita-AnaMdazaktinI tAratamyayukta abhivyaktine ja AbhArI che, ema mAnavuM joIe. A rIte vallabhAcArye mULakAraNa prakRtinA sthAnamAM brahmanI pratiSThA karI ane tene paramezvara kahyo. zrI caitanyaprabhunI prakriyAmAM tattvajJAnanI daSTie kaI khAsa no muddo nathI. have chelle zaivAcArya zrIkaMThane laI joIe ke te brahmasUtranI vyAkhyAmAM brahmane Izvara tarIke sthApatAM kayuM daSTibindu svIkArIne cAle che. zrIkaMTha anya pUrvAcAnI peThe kahe che ke brahma saccidAnaMda rUpa che, paNa te zivarUpe che, ane e ja Izvara che. vaLI, e Izvara, keTalAka mAhezvare yA zavo kahe che tema, mAtra nimittakAraNa nathI, paNa upAdAna ane nimitta ubhaya svarUpa che. zrIkaMTha e mATe samAyi 1. juo aNubhASya 1. 1. 3.......tad vrava...samavAyatAram | jtaH samanvayAta samyaganuvRttatvAt / astibhAtipriyatvena saccidAnaMdarUpeNAnvayAt / nAmarUpayoH kAryarUpatvAt / prakRterapi svamate tadaMzatvAt / ajJAnAt paricchedApriyatve / jJAnena bAdhadarzanAt / nAnAtvam veriyameva . tathA A uparanI gosvAmI puruSottamajIkRta bhASyaprakAzaTakA.

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67 kAraNapada paNa vApare che. zrIkaMThAcAnuM kahevuM che ke upaniSadomAM je aneka virAdhA hatA, tenuM nirAkaraNa karI upaniSadanA sAcA mane darzAvI zake evA AgamA zveta nAmanA zaivAcArye racyA hatA. zveta pachI bIjA paNa satyAvIza zaivAcArya thayA che. e AgameAne anusarI zrIkaMTha bhASya racavAnA dAvA kare che ane aMte aneka upaniSada vAkaDyo tema ja purANa, smRtine AdhAre sthApe che ke mahezvara e ja parabrahma che. ziva, za, bhava, mahezvara, izAna Adi aneka nAmAthI e ja brahma vyapadezAya che. zrIkahAcArye brahmAne zivarUpe izvarapadanuM ane te paNa upAdAna-nimittarUpe sthAna ApI nakulIza, pAzupata ane nyAya-vaizeSika Adi mahezvara-nimittakAraNavADhIthI peAtAnA dRSTibheda siddha karyAM che. jo ke te brahmasUtranu' bhASya race che, paNu te aneka zaivAgamAnA AdhAra letA hoya ema paNa lAge che. e zaivAgamAM mULe upaniSadane AdhAre racAyA ke keAI drAviDa bhASAmAM vamAna graMthAne AdhAre racAyA hatA te bAbata spaSTatA nathI thatI. paNa ema lAge che ke temanI sAme upaniSadanA vicAranuM pratibiMkha pADe evA keAI zaivAgamA hatA ja, zrIkaMThane paNa eka praznanA javAba ApavA ja paDaco che. brahmasUtranA bIjA adhyAyanA bIjA pAdamAM 'curamAmantrasyAt 'thI zarU thatA adhikaraNamAM zaMkarAcArye cAra prakAranA mAhezvarAnA matane nirAsa e dRSTie karyo che ke te mAhezvarA mahezvarane jagatanuM upAdAna na mAnatA mAtra nimittakAraNa mAne che, te te brahmavAda nathI. jyAre zrIkane e ja sUtrAnI vyAkhyA karavAnA prasaMga prApta thayA, tyAre te peAte te zaivAcAya heAI, ziva-brahmaparaka bhASya karavA pravRtta thayA hatA. ane ukta sUtrasaMdarbhomAM zaiva matanA nirAsa zaMkarAcAya Adi aneka AcAryAe karyA hatA. A sthaLe zrIkaMThe zuM karavuM ?-e zrIka' mATe prazna hatA. te zaiva hAI ukta sUtrasaMdarbha'ne, zaMkarAcAya AdinI peThe, mAhezvaramanirAsaparaka te varNavI zake nahi. tethI eNe paNa peAtAneA rAha judI rIte lIdho. zrIkaMThe kahyuM ke e sUtrasada je mAhezvara matane nirAsa kare che te ekadezIya zaivAnA mata che. keTalAka zaivA evA paNa hatA, je zrIkaMThanA kathana pramANe mahezvarane mAtra nimittakAraNu mAnatA. tethI zrIka' paNa zakarAcAya Adi AcAryane anusarI e sUtrasaMdarbhIthI ekadezIya matanuM nirAkaraNa kare che ane aupaniSada tema ja sarvAMsa`mata zaivAgamane anusarI zivanu` upAdAna-nimittakAratva sthApe che.1 ApaNe pahelAM joI gayA chIe ke nyAya-vaizeSika para'parAmAM IzrvarakatRtvanI 1. jue, zrIkaMThabhASya, 1. 1. 2; tathA dAsaguptAnuM ukta pustaka, bhA. 5, pR. 79.

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mAnyatA che. ane te Izvara pazupati yA mahezvara Adi nAme vizeSa jJAta che. tyAM te IzvaranuM kartutva mAtra nimittakAraNatA pUratuM che, temAM upAdAnatvane sparza ja nathI. ane ApaNe sarvadarzanasaMgrahamAMnA nakulIza, pAzupata tathA zeva darzanamAM joIe chIe ke temAM paNa pazupati yA zivane mAtra nimittakAraNarUpe mAnela che. eTale ema kahI zakAya ke vedAMtI chatAM jema malva itara vedAntI AcAryothI judA paDI brahmane mAtra nimittakAraNarUpe varNave che, tema zivaparaMparAmAM paNa banyuM hoya. keTalAka evA paNa zivAcAryuM haze ke je potAnI zaivaparaMparA sAthe upaniSadone meLa besADatA. tevA AcAryo svAbhAvika rIte ja upaniSadagata brahmane zeva kahI temAM upAdAna-nimittatva ghaTAvatA; te bIjA te vicArathI judA paDI mAtra nimittakAraNarUpa Izvara mAnatA. zrIkaMTha vedAMtaparaMparAne anusarI vadhAre pramANamAM upaniSadene Azraya le che, te nyAya-vaizeSika, nakulIza, pAzupata, zaiva Adi kAM te pradhAnapaNe tarkane Azraya le che ane kAM te teo bIjA pitAnA svataMtra zivAgAmone pramANa mAnI varte che.' ahIM khAsa noMdhavA jevI eka bAbata e che ke zrIkaMTha zivane brahmarUpe sthApe che tyAre te kahe che ke sUkama acita ane citazaktiyukta brahma te kAraNubrahma che ane skUla yA dazyamAna acita-cit yukta vizva te kAryabrahma che. zrIkaMThanuM A kathana zrI rAmAnujAcAryanI mAnyatAnuM pratibimbamAtra che. rAmAnuje sUkSma acit ane citane zarIra kahI ene brahmanuM kAraNavastharUpa kaheluM che, ane vyakta yA skUla prapaMcane brahmanuM kAryAvastharUpa kaheluM che. A banne anukrame zaiva ane vaiSNava AcAryo pariNAmavAdI chatAM te pariNAmane AdhAra brahmanI zakti che ema kahI brahmane kUTasthanitya cA apariNAmI ghaTAve che. zrIkaMTha te spaSTa kahe che ke pariNAma eTale vikAra. je pariNAmI hoya te vikArI hoya ja. eTale brahmane nirvikAra rAkhavA te pariNAmane brahmanI zaktio upara lAde che. brahmamAM evI zaktio aneka che. zrIvallabhAcAryane mata avikRtapariNAmavAda kahevAya che. tenuM rahasya zrIkaMThanA kathanamAM ja che. zrIkaMTha pariNAmane vikAra kahe te phalita e ja thAya ke pariNamI brahma e vikArI che. vallabhAcArya brahmapariNAmavAdI che, eTale emanA mata upara vikArI brahmavAdane Aropa keI paNa sahelAIthI karI zake. saMbhava che ke evA ArepathI mukta rahevA emaNe pitAnA vAdane avikRtapariNAmavAda kahyo heya. Izvara saMbaMdhI vividha mAnyatAono sAra upara je IzvaratatvanI kAMIka vigate carcA karI che tene sArI nIce pramANe che - 1. juo, dAsaguptA-ukta pustaka, bhA. 1, pR. 6pathI; tathA zrIkaMThabhASya 1. 1. 2. 2. juo, zrIkaMThabhASya 1. 1. pArAvAtivAranAmasya !

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1. paramANuvAdIomAM mukhya be paraMparA che. jaina ane bauddha e paramANu vAdI chatAM Izvarane svataMtra vyakti tarIke sthAna ApatI ja nathI; jyAre madhya ane nyAya-vaizeSika Adi paraMparAo Izvarane svataMtra vyakita mAne che kharI, paNa tene kevaLa nimittakAraNarUpe sthApe che. 2. mULaekatattvavAdI sAMkhya paraMparAmAM je 20 ke 25 tattvavAdI che te te Izvarane sthAna ApatI ja nathI paNa 26 tattvavAdI sAMkhya-paraMparA svataMtra Izvaratatva mAnI tene mAtra nimittakAraNa kape che. 3. mULatattvavAdI chatAM pradhAnavAdI nahIM, paNa brahmavAdI evI badhI ja vedAntaparaMparAo brahmane ja vizvanuM upAdAna ane nimitta kAraNa kahI tene ja Izvara tarIke ghaTAve che. koI vedAntI evA brahmane mAtra Izvara, paramezvara jevuM sAdhAraNa vizeSaNa ApI varNave che; te bIjA koI nArAyaNa, vAsudeva, kRSNa. ziva jevAM sAMpradAyika nAmathI paNa varNave che. paNa badhA ja eka yA bIjI rIte potAnA vicAranuM maMDANa brahmatattva upara je che. 4. zaMkarathI mAMDI badhA ja brahmasUtranA bhASyakArenuM eka valaNa samAna rahyuM che ke teo mULatattva tarIke brahmAnI pratiSThA karavA chatAM ane temAM ja vizvanuM upAdAnAbhinna-nimittakAraNatva sthApavA chatAM, sAMkhyasaMmata prakRti ane prAkRta kAryone Azraya lIdhA vinA, pitAnuM kaI mantavya vyavasthitapaNe goThavI zakatA nathI. bIjI rIte ema kahI zakAya ke A badhA ja brahmavAdIonI advaita bhUmikAnuM samarthana chevaTe sAMkhya saMmata prakRtitattvanA AzayathI ja sughaTita karavAmAM Ave che. je dareka brahmavAdInA samarthanamAMthI sAMkhya prakriyAne seravI levAmAM Ave to kaI paNa brahmavAda Ubhe ja thaI zakatuM nathI. tethI ema kahI zakAya ke pradhAnatatvavAdI sAMkhya vicArake e pradhAnamAM je svataMtra kartutva temaja upAdAnAbhinna-nimittakAraNatva kapyuM ane mAnyuM hatuM te ja brahmavAdIoe pradhAnamAMthI khesavI brahmamAM ghaTAvyuM che; ane sAMkhyasaMmata prakRtine eka yA bIjI rIte eka yA bIje nAme svIkArIne paNa, tenA svataMtra kartutvane upaniSadane AdhAre temaja takane AdhAre niSedha karyo che. darzana ane jIvana jIvana sAthe darzanano zuM saMbaMdha che ane tene vikAsakrama kevo che e bhAvane darzAvato kaThe paniSadamAM eka maMtra cheH parAMci khAni vyatRNatsvayaMbhUstasmAtparAT pazyati nAntarAtman / kazcidvIraH pratyagAtmAnamaikSadAvRttacakSuramRtatvamicchan //

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90 A maMtra kahe che ke svataHsiddha evA jIvAtmAnI caitra vagere indriyA bahirmukha pravRtti karavAnA svabhAvavALI racAyelI che. tethI e jIvAtmA indriyA dvArA prathama bAhya rUpAdi viSayAne ja jANe che; paNa antarAtmAne--peAtAnA AMtarika svarUpane--te jIvAtmA jANatA nathI. Ama chatAM kAI kAI dhIrajadhArI vyakti evI hoya che ke je amRtatva arthAt potAnA AMtiraka ane pAramArthika svarUpane jANavA ane pAmavA icchatI hoya che. tethI te e mahimu kha indriyadvArAne AvRtta kare che arthAt e dvArAne aMtamu kha banAvI peAtAnA svarUpadarzana tarapha vALe che. jyAre Ama kare che tyAre te vyaktine aMtarAtmAnu IkSaNa eTale darzana siddha thavA pAme che. danavidyAnuM prabhavasthAna mAnava che, paNa manuSyane peAtAnA kharA svarUpanuM darzana ekAeka na thatAM krame ja thAya che. jema zizu uMmara vadhavA sAthe ja krame krame jJAna ane anubhavanI vRddhi karatuM jAya che tema mAnavajAtinuM che. indriyAnI sahaja racanA ja evI che ke te manuSyane paNa itara prANIonI jema prathama bAhya vizvanA avaleAkananI tarapha ja prere che; paNa mAhya vizvanA avaleAkananI yAtrA karavAmAM game teTale rasa ke AnaMda sadhAtA hoya chatAM mAnavabuddhi emAM aMtima saMtASa anubhavatI nathI. Ama thAya che tyAre e ja mAnava indriyAne tenA ahirgAmI vyApArathI mukta karavA prayatna kare che ane ene atarmukha banAve che. jyAre te indriyA aMtamu kha thaI zakti vikasAve che tyAre tenI sAme agAu nahi dekhela evuM atarjagata yA AtmasvarUpa pragaTa thAya che. A aMtarjagatanuM darzana aMte amRtadarzana yA paramAtmadarzanamAM pariName che. A rIte davidyA paNuM prathama Ahya jagatanA nirUpaNamAM pravRtta thAya che. tyAra bAda te UMDANu keLavatAM keLavatAM AMtarajagata yA AnirUpaNa bhaNI vaLe che. ane enA paripAkarUpe emAM paramAtmAnuM nirUpaNa paNa Ave che. eDavarDa keDe dharmavikAsanI traNa bhUmikAe sUcavI che; jema ke, "We look out before we look in; and we look in before we look up. '' A kathana kaThopaniSadanA maMtranA ja pratighoSa che. A ja kramane upaniSadomAM adhibhUta, adhideva ane adhyAtmapadathI sUcavavAmAM Avela che. upaniSadomAM ane anyatra, jyAM jyAM aparA ane parA vidyAnA athavA laukika ane leAkeAttara vidyAne nirdeza che tyAM, A ja vastu sUcavAyelI che. manuSya prathama aparA vidyA yA laukika vidyA tarIke oLakhAtI dunyavI aneka vidyAone kheDe che, paNa mAtra e vidyAomAM ja te vizrAma nathI letA. tethI AgaLa vadhI te parA vidyA bhaNI prasthAna kare che. e parA vidyA te ja AtmavidyA ane paramAtmavidyA,

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nArada ane zaunaka jevAM AkhyAne dvArA e sUcavavAmAM AvyuM che ke aneka jAtanI aparA vidyAo meLavyA chatAM temane temAM rati na UpajI ane teo para vidyA mATe gya guru pAse gayA. e AkhyAmAM parA vidyAne artha eka ja che ane te artha eTale AtmavidyA. AtmavidyAmAM jijJAsu pitAnA vaiyaktika svarUpa uparAMta sarvagata yA sarva sAdhAraNa paramAtmasvarUpane paNa jANavA talase che. zaMkarAcArya upaniSadanA zabdane ja anusarI artha karatAM kahe che ke huM maMtravidda arthAt karmavidu chuM yA huM sArthaka veda Adi aparA vidyAo jANuM chuM, paNa Atmavidda nathI arthAt parA vidyAthI anabhijJa chuM. rAmAnuja aparA vidyAne zAbdika artha na letAM pakSa vidyA e bhAva tAravI parA vidyAne apakSa jJAna arthamAM le che. game te artha laIe, paNa vAta chevaTe e ja phalita thAya che ke prathama aparA vidyAo kheDAI, jemAM AtmajJAnanuM mukhya lakSya na hatuM yA ochAmAM ochuM hatuM, ane pachI ja jijJAsuva parA vidyA bhaNI vaLyo, arthAt vadhAre ne vadhAre pitAnA ane paramAtmAnA svarUpane temaja enA saMbaMdhane jANavA, anubhavavA bhaNI vaLyo. mAnava-jijJAsA ane enA prayatnanI vidyAyAtrAne pariNAme eNe traNa viSayenuM kheDANa karyuM. e ja viSaye jagata, jIva ane IzvararUpe darzanavidyAnA mukhya pratipAdya banyA che. - ukta traNa viSayanuM kheDANa aneka puruSee judA judA kSetramAM ane jude jude kALe karyuM che. darekanAM zakti, bhUmikA, daSTi ane sAdhana paNa ekasarakhAM nathI rahyAM. tethI satyazodhane Agraha ekasarakhe hovA chatAM e zodhanAM pariNAme ekasarakhAM AvelAM nathI dekhAtAM. Ane lIdhe ja, ApaNe joIe chIe ke, bAhya jagatanA temaja aMtarAtmA ane paramAtmAnuM svarUpa para aneka prasthAne pravRtta thayAM che. A prasthAne mAM dekhItI rIte, ane keTalIka vAra tAvika rIte, bheda dekhAya che; chatAM e badhAMmAM aMtargata mukhya sUra e lAge che ke dareka prasthAna satya sivAya bIjA kazAnI AkAMkSA sevatuM nathI. dArzanika prasthAnanI A eka siddhi ja che. je dareka prasthAnane Agraha satyane ja hoya te e dvArA mANasa kyAreka ne kyAreka ajJAnagraMthine nivArI zake. manuSya je je vidyAo kheDI che te badhI ja pitAnA puruSArthane siddha karavA, eNe artha-kAma siddha karavA vidyAo upajAvI. vaLI, eNe dharma siddha karavA paNa vidyAo upajAvI ane aMte eNe mokSa siddha karavAnA mArgo paNa vicAryA eTaluM ja nahi, paNa ghaNA dAkhalAomAM e mArgo upara cAlI eNe emane anubhavathI

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paNa kasyA. A rIte manuSya Aja sudhImAM vidyA ane anubhavanI sudIrgha yAtrA karI che. e yAtrAnAM je pariNAme bhAratIya vAyamAM tRptikara rIte varNavAyelAM maLe che, tenA cira parizIlana ane tajajanya rasAsvAdanI eka najIvI vAnagIrUpe meM A vyAkhyAnamAM enuM navanIta ApavA prayatna karyo che. udeza e che ke, pratyeka darzanavidyAne abhyAsI jagata, jIva ane Izvara paratve te te bhAratIya darzane zuM zuM ane kaI kaI rIte vicAratA AvyA che, te saMkSepamAM samajI zake ane e vicArenuM tulanAtmaka adhyayana paNa karI zake. mULa prazno paratve samajaNa thAya te emAMthI vigate jANavAnI jijJAsA udbhave ane e jijJAsA saMtoSavA te mULa graMtha avagAhA bhaNI vaLe. A daSTie te te viSaya paratve ane te te viSayane lagatA matabheda paratve upagI thaI zake evA aneka mahattvanA graMthanI sUcanA paNa meM TippaNomAM karI che. meM jagata, jIva ane Izvara e traNa viSayane lagatAM dArzanika prasthAnanA vicArabhedo ja nathI darzAvyA, paNa e vicArabheda kaI kaI daSTimAMthI astitvamAM AvyA ane kaI kaI rIte vikasyA ane emAM paraspara samatA ke viSamatA zI che, e darzAvavA paNa svalpa yatna karyo che, jethI dareka prasthAnapravartakanA mULa Azayane samajavAmAM madada maLe. darzanavidyA e chevaTe mANasane potAnuM svarUpa vicAravA ane tene anubhavavA prere che. A preraNA manuSyane vizva sAthenA temaja itara prANIjagata sAthenA tenA saMbaMdha vize vicAra karavAmAM madada kare che. A vicAramAMthI manuSyanuM rUpAntara thAya che. tenuM jIvana mAtra sthaLalakSI maTI sUkSmalakSI ane sarvalakSI thavAnI dizAmAM vaLe che, jene lIdhe te vyaktirUpe jude dekhAvA chatAM tAtvika rIte sarvamAM AtmaupasyanI athavA to abhedanI dRSTi keLave che. A daSTi ja mAnavatAnuM sAdhya che ane e ja caritranirmANano pAve che. jyAM darzanavidyAne lIdhe kharekharI dArzanika daSTi yA para vidyAno sparza thaye tyAM jIvananuM UrdhvIkaraNa avayaMbhAvI che. e UrdhIkaraNa siddha karavAno prayatna e ja adhyAtmavega yA yegavidyA. bhAratIya tattvavidyA e mAtra tattvanA nirUpaNamAM kRtArtha nathI thaI eNe te mukhyapaNe adhyAtmaga yA gavidyAne mArga kheDavAnI bhUmikA ja pUrI pADI che. je A yogamArgane vicAra ane te vizenAM zAstromAM noMdhAyele temaja paraMparaomAM pracalita anubhava choDI devAmAM Ave te pachI bhAratIya darzanavidyAmAM kAMI jIvAtubhUta tatva rahevA pAmatuM ja nathI. A daSTie A vyAkhyAnamAM lega yA

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adhyAtmavidyAnI carcA karavI prApta hatI. chatAM vyAkhyAnonI eka maryAdA hoI meM e vize kAMI carcA karI nathI. vaLI, meM anyatra "adhyAtmavicAraNa" nAmaka vyAkhyAnamAM e vize yathAmati carcA paNa karI che. darzanavidyAne aMtima prazna to Atmatattva ne paramAtmatatvanI vicAraNA, e che. A vicAraNA aneka yugo thayAM aneka vyaktioe karI che, paNa te badhAnI rIti ekasarakhI ja nathI rahI. jema upara sUcavAyuM tema, mANasa pahelavahelAM bAhya jagatane jue che, arthAt potAnA dehane ja "huM aMtima chuM" ema mAnI pravarte che. AmAMthI te UMDe Utare tyAre tene samajAya che ke deha, Indriya, prANa ane mana AdithI paNa para evuM kAMIka svAnubhavI tattva che, je kharI rIte huM chuM. huM e mAtra indriyagamya ke managamya paNa nathI; ethIya e para che ane svasaMvedya che. jyAre ATaluM samajAya che tyAre tenI sAmethI deha, prANa AdinAM bhedaka AvaraNa ke paDaLe arthAt adhyAsa khasI jAya che ane tene jaNAya che ke jema tene ahaM e dehAdimAM rahevA chatAM dehAdithI para evo cidAtmA che, tema prANImAtranA ahaM vize paNa che. jyAre A bhAna thAya che tyAre enAmAM bemAMthI kaI eka vRtti sthira thAya che ? kAM to e pitAnA cidAtmAne prANImAtranA ahIM je mAnate thaI jAya che, eTale ke te prANImAtrane AtmaupamyanI daSTie ja nihALe che-A eka vRtti ane kAM te te potAnA cidAtmAne prANImAtramAM vidyamAna ahaMthI sarvathA tAttvika rIte abhinna lekhate thaI jAya che-A bIjI abheda yA brAvRtti-saMrva triTuM brahma .. je piMDamAM te brahmAMDamAM" e kahetI pramANe jema deha, Indriya, prANa AdithI para e cidAtmA dehAdi saMghAtamAM vase che, tema sthaLa vizvanAM ghaTaka pArthiva, jalIya Adi bhautika dravyo ane tethI paNa sUkSma vAyavIya, AkAzIya ke citta-tarothI para e eka sarvavyApI cidAtmA paNa hovo ja joIe. je piMDe piMDe cidAtmA che te e ja nyAye samagra brahmAMDamAM paNa evo ja, ethI udAtta, sarvavyApI cidAtmA kema na hoya ? evA cidAtmA vinA brahmAMDanuM sacetana saMcalana saMbhave ja kema ? A vicAramAMthI brahmAMDanA mULamAM eka bRhatattvanA astitvanI vicAraNAe paNa darzanavidyAmAM prabaLa sthAna lIdhuM che. e ja vicAraNA AtmA-abhedanI mAnyatAne pAve che. piMDa-vicAraNAmAMthI ApazyanI bhAvanA ane brahmAMDa-vicAraNAmAMthI AtmA-abhedanI vicAraNuM e be ja mukhya pravAhe darzanavidyAnA preraka che. ApazyanI daSTie jIvanamAM samatvabhAvanA keLavI ane AtmA-abhedanI daSTie jIvanamAM vizva-eya yA brahmabhAvanA keLavI. A banne bhAvanAo ane te 1. prakAzaka: gujarAta vidyAsabhA, bhadra, amadAvAda-1.

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ahiMsAne ja siddha kare che. je ahiMsA mAnavajIvanamAM sAkAra na thAya te e bane bhAvanAo mAtra zAbdika banI rahe. paNa mAnavajAtie evA vIre janmAvyA che, jemaNe ahiMsAne sAkAra karI che. upaniSadomAM sat , jIva ane AtmAne jyAre brahmarUpe varNavavAmAM Ave che tyAre emAM brahmAMDanI abheda-bhAvanA guMje che; ane jyAre AtmAne dehAdithI para tarIke varNave che tyAre AtmaupamyanI dizA sUcavAya che. ane brahma ane sama e banne zabdo ahiMsA ane tenA anuSaMgI mULa vatemAM ekAWka ja banI jAya che. vyaktigata ke sAmAjika jIvananA dareka kSetramAM arthAt Arthika, zaikSaNika, rAjakAraNa ane sAmAjika AdimAM AtmaupamyamUlaka ke AtmAdamUlaka ahiMsAnA sAcA vyavahAranI AvazyakatA vadhAremAM vadhAre Aje ja che..

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[oMdha: zabda sAmenA aMka pRSThasUcaka che ane pA. TI. e te ja pRSThanI pAdaTIpa sUcave che. devanAgarImAM chapAyelA zabda graMtha, graMthakAra ke vyakti vizeSanAM nAme che. ] akalaMka 28 anekamULatattvavAdI 49 akSADha 35, 73 antarAbhava zarIra 66 agnitatva 23, 34 apakrAti-jIvanI nyAyazeSika, jaina ane tripurAna 30 pI. TI. sAMkhyamAM 59 acita 70 aparokSa jJAna-parA vidyA 91 aciMtyabhedabheda-caitanyano 68, 70 appayadIkSita 68 acetanaekatvavAdI 71 madharmavoza 78 pA. TI. acetanabahutvavAdI 71 madharmI 48 pA. TI, 63 5. TI, gatovakhyatrI pa0, para 64 pA TI., 66 pA. TI. aNuparimANa -bhAskaramAM 69 abhUta parikalpa yA parikalpita-bauddhamAM 47 bAjumASya 46 pA. TI., 86 pA. TI., 3;nI amUrta-jIvadravya 57 prakAza TIkA 46 pA. TI. amRtadarzana 90 atIndriyapratyakSa 25 sarvei 60 pA. TI. adaSTa 76 arthopatti 26 adharmAstikAya tattva-nI sAMkhyanA tamoguNa avaracchedavAda 69 sAthe sarakhAmaNI 40 pI. TI. avAstavavAdI 49 adhiAdarzavAda-Izvara vize 14 avikRtapariNAmavAda 88 adhicaitasika yA adhivijJAnavAda 12 avidyA 47, 50, 67, 68, 69, 81 adhideva 5, 90 avibhAgAdvaita-vijJAnabhine 68, 70, adhibrahmavAda 12, 13 -vAdI 84 adhibhUta 5, 90;-vAda jagatapara 12 avaidika darzane 30 adhyavasAya 55 avyakta 34, 35, 36, 70, 83 adhyAtmajJAna 6, 906-ga 92 -vAda 12; avyAkRta 34 -vidyA 5, 6 aSTasahasrI 28 anantaparamANutatvavAda kara asat 33, 34 anIzvaravAdI 74, 81 asakalpa 47 anuttarabrahma-ziva 70 asatkAryavAdanI samajUtI 21thI. anumAna pramANa 24, 25 astikAya 40

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R ahiMsA 93 phrezvaET 21 pA. TI, 40 pI. TI., 60 aMtarjagata 90 pA, TI. aMtaHkaraNa 69 IzvaranimittavAda 81 AkAzatattva 32, 33, 34, 40, 57 IzvaravAdI-evaidika 80 Agama-jaina 27;-piTaka26 phreTarna larjiniyana IvesTarna Ta 10 pA. TI. AgamapramANa 25, 26 ucchedavAda 61 pAvaIT 1 pA TI. utkrAnti-vamAM nyAya-vaizeSika, jaina tathA AjIvaka 10 sAMkhyamAM 59 Atmatatve 93 -nA svarUpane vikAsakrama 13. uttaramImAMsaka 31 AtmavidyA 90, 91 uttarAdhyayana 53 pI. TI. Atmasiddhi 28 udayana 74 AtmasvarUpaparatve bauddha tattvanirUpaNanA pAMca 3otara 29, 73 tabakakA 62. 3paniSad 5, 6, 26, 27, 31, 37, 43, Atmaupamya 92, 93, 94 48, 50, 51, 62, 66, 67, 70, 79, 81, 87, 88, 90, 94 AnaMda 85 upAdAna-nimittakAraNatva-zivanuM 87 Apa-tatva 33, 34 4 1 pA. TI, 9, 9 pA. TI., 13 Ayatana 48 pA. TI., 34 AraMbhavAda 39 -nAM lakSaNe 22 ju-vigrahagati-kAmaNa zarIranI 60 pI. TI. Aryasatya 62 RtaMbharA prajJA 8, 25, 26 ArSarajJAna ra5 ekatanavAdI 71 sAvacca 60 pA. TI. ekatatvavAdI 72, 79, 89 IndriyapratyakSa 24, 25 ekatvabuddhi 45 IzAna 87 ekamaLakAraNavAdI 49 ekamULatatvavAdI 49 Izvara 13, 14, 73, 74, 75, 77, 81, 82, utareya niSad 60 pI. TI. 83, 85-tatvane vicAra 71thI;-vize nyAya-vaizeSika daSTi 72, 73;-vize pUrva orijina aeNnDa DevalapmenTa oNpha thI sAMkhya sisTama mImAMsaka daSTi 76-brahmavAdI darzane 79; | oN thaoNTa 14 pa. TI., 22 pa. TI, 74 -bhinnabhinna daSTinA mukhya muddA 78; aupaniSada-2 75; vicAradhArA jIvasvarUpa -magdhadaSTi 75 -mAhezvara mate 72;-rAmA- vize 66 najadaSTi 83;-sAMkhya bauddha ane jaina | TovaniSat 89, 90 daSTio;-sAMkhya-ga paraMparA-saMbaMdhI | TDha 29, 72;-saMmata sAmAnya-vizeSanI vividha mAnyatAne sAra 88, 89 upapatti 20-21 Izvarakatva 78, 87;-vAda 75 | wthAvatyu 63, 66 IzAvAsya 4

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13 pi0 35, 37 guNata 82 maDha4 65 gopInAtha virAga 22 pA. TI. svAzvatara para catuSkoTI sata-asat vagerenI bauddhamAM 64 kartutva-bhakatRtva bhavamAM 55- tulanA 58 caraka 37-mAM navapramANa 26 karma para;-vAdI 78;-sApekSa kartavavAda 73 | cArvAka 10, 12, 23, 33 -nI laukika dRSTi kAmaNa zarIra 55, 59, 60 pA TI. 29-pratyakSavAdI 24:-bhautikavAdI 12, kAryakAraNabhAva 33; -alaukika 16, 17;-hilaukika 16; cittatatva 63, 77, 78:-vijJaptirUpe 65 -ne bhUmikAbheda 15thI; -mAM vicAra- cittasaMtAna 65 vikAsanAM traNa sopAna 17 cetanabahuvavAdI 71, 72 kAryajagata-vazeSikamAM 39 cetanA, AnaMda vagere jIvazaktio pa7 kAryabrahma 88 caitanyane aciMtya bhedabheda 70 kumAri 29, 76 pA. TI. 42 caitanyaprabhu 86 phUTasthanitya-advaitavAda 19 caitanyavAda bhaNI prasthAna para caitasika 64 phUTasthanityatA 20, 41, 43;-tva 57; pa8 | chAnopaniSad 4, 34 pA. TI, 49 pA. TI. chaW 83, 89 jagata-artha, vize cArvAka daSTi 32;-svarUpa keDa 80 ane kAraNa vize jaina daSTi 40; brahmavAdI kevalAta 68, 83;vAda 80, 81, 82; daSTi 37, bhinnabhinna bauddha daSTie 41thI, -vAdI zaMkara 45 vaizeSika daSTi 38;-svarUpa paratve be kevalAdaitI 48, 19, 8-ane mahAyAnI mahattvanI vicAradhArA 45; mahAyAnI ane daSTinI tulanA, jagataparatve 4thI kevalAdaitI daSTinI tulanA 46thI kevaLajJAna 8 janmAntara para, 53 kramaniyama 37 caMta 29, 50 kSaNasaMtati 44 jAbAla 4 kSaNikavAda 62, 64 jIva-tAva 57, 58, 29-vicAramAM kramagaLadharavA 51 pA. TI, 54 pI. TI., 55 | vikAsa parathI-vize aupaniSada vicAra pA, TI, 57 5. TI, 59 pA. TI, 61 dhArA 66; jaina maMtavyanA mukhya muddA pa. TI., 62 pA. TI, 78 pA. TI. 53, 54; jaina dRSTi sAthe sAMkhyayoganI gandharva-bauddhamAM 66 tulanA pa4-56; jainasAMkhyoga sAthe gaMgAdhara sarasvatI 14 nyAya-vaizeSikanI tulanA pa6thI; be zAzvatagNgesh 28 vAdI vicAradhArAo 60, bauddha daSTio gArbe 6thI; vedAMtavicAra 68 nItA 37, 38 jIvana ane darzanane saMbaMdha 89thI guNasaMdhAvAda 61 jIvaparimANu-bauddhamAM 65 13.

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jIvavAda-svataMtra para, 53; -svataMtra ane parAzrita 60 jaina 10, 12, 42, 43, 45, 71, 75, 79,.89;-AgamA 50, 51;-darzana 61, 62, para'parA 35, 53, 55, 56, 9. {7-19, 77, 78 jaina daSTi-izvara vize 76;-jagatanA svarUpa ane kAraNa vize 40; jIvaravarUpa paratve pa3thI; -sAthe sAMkhya-yAganI tulanA 54-56 tavatacharIravAda 51, para tattvaciMtana 7, 8, 9, 10, 15:-grIka ane bhAratIyanA saMbaMdha 9;-ne vikAsakrama 11thI zAMkarabhASya 2 triguNAtmaka avyakta sat :-pariNAmI dravya 37, 38 trisyamAnirdeza 47 pA. TI. traikAlika dharmavAda 62 darzana ane jIvananA sabaMdha 89 thI;"nA arthanI mImAMsA pa;mAM vividha vI - karaNA 30thI darzana saura cintana 8 danavidyA 90, 91, 92, 93 danasAhitya 28 dArzanika vicArapravAhanA be bhAga tathA tenA tattvacintAmaNi 28 tattvajijJAsA 7, 8 tattvadarzana 7, 8 tattvavidyA 1, 3, 5, 7;-bhAratIya 92 tattva-zabdanA ardhA 2 sarvamaMtra 20 pA. TI., 24 pA. TI., 25 pA. TI., 43 pA. TI., 45 pA. TI., 46 pA. TI., para, 62-65 pA. TI. tavataMtra-patniA 44 pA. TI. 51 pA. TI. tattvArtha 8, 35 pA. TI., 40 pA. TI., 41 pA. TI., 43 pA. TI., pa3 pA. TI., 54 pA. TI. tattvArtharAjavArtika 2 tattvArtha lokavArtika 28 tattvovavasiMhaiM 51 pA. TI. tathAgata buddha 10 tamasa 36 teja-tattva 33 naya 11 taittirIyopaniSad 1 pA. TI., 34 5!. TI., | nAgArjIna 29, 48 pA. TI., 64 lakSaNa 27 - rasamuptA 81 pI. TI., 82 pA. TI., 84 pA. TI,, 85 pA. TI, 87, pA. TI., 88 pA. TI. dIvaniyAya 17 pA. TI., para, 66 devadatta bhAMDArakara 8 dravyAdvaita 82 drAviDa saMskRti 9 dvaitavAda 68 dvaitAdvaitavAda 68, 82, 83, 84 dhanvantari 60 pA, TI. dharmavitti 29, 65 dharma nairAtmaya 62, 65 dharma bahutva 44 dharmAstikAya-nI sAMkhyanA rajoguNa sAthe sarakhAmaNI 40 pA. TI. dhAtu 33,.48 dhI TiveTana yu o dhI De 61 pA. TI., 66 pA. TI. navuhIrA 73, 87, 88 nAma tattva 62, 63, 65, nAma-rUpa upaniSadamAM 62, 63 nAcana 38, 83, 89; rUpa parabrahma 70, 84 nAsadIya sUkta 34

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99 nityadharmIvAdI 43 vaivAdhina ra2 pA. TI., 59-60 pI. TI. nikhyA 66, 70, 83;-mate Izvara 84 paMcAstikAya 35 pA. TI. nisvArtha 84 pA. TI. pAtaMjalayogazAstra 37 niyati 76 pAtaMjalasUtra 74 nirAtmavAda da2, 63;-vAdI, 60, 61 pAri viTa 62, 63 cAmumAMgari 14 pI. TI., 74 pAzupata 72, 73, 74, 78, 87, 88 nyAyadarzana 73 pArzvanAtha 53 cAcamArga pa7 pA. TI. viqA 3 cAcAmaMjarI 2, 29, 59 pA. TI. pudgalarAmyavAda ka2, 63, cAcavArti 29, 50 pI. TI. pudgalavAda 63 nyAya-vaizeSika 10, 12, 13, 31, 35, 42, | purANo 37, 84, 87 43, 45, 57, 58, 19, 61, 2, 74, puruSa-sAMkhyamAM 55; pada 75, 81, 85, 87, 896-daSTi Izvara vize puruSavizeSa 74, 75, 78 72;-daSTinI jaina tathA sAMkhya sAthe jIva puruSottamajI 86 paratve tulane 56thI purivArI 60 pI. TI. cAyatra 29, 73 pA. TI. pUrvamImAMsaka 31, 75-daSTi Izvara vize 76 cAyAvatAravAtivavRtti 61 pA. TI., 76 pA. TI. paraMdara 33 pataMga0i 59-60 pA. DI., 21 pA. TI. prakaTArthakAra 68 vi 60 pA. TI. padmAvata 30 pI. TI. prakRti 37, 38, 41, 42, 67, 77, 86, 89 paramAtmatatve 93 prajJAkara 28 paramAtmavidyA 90 pratibiMbavAda 69 paramANu-artha bauddhamAM 43;-nuM svarUpa jainamate pratItyasamutpAdavAda-lakSaNo 22 40;-svarUpa vize vaizeSika ane jainane pratyabhijJAnuM-samarthana bauddhamAM 45 bheda 41 pratyabhizAdarzana 70 pakavAda para pramAdiya 27 pA. TI. parAvidyA 5 pradhAna tatva 37, 38, 45, 79 pariNAma kramazakita 49 pradhAnakatatvavAdI 89 pariNAmavAda-ane AraMbhavAdano taphAvata 39; -nAM lakSaNe 22 prapaMcasArataMtra 60 5. TI. pariNAminityatA 19, 41, 43 pramANa-vize carcA 25, 26-zaktinI pariNAbhinityavAda pa4, 80 vicAraNA 23thI pazupati 88 pramALavArsiva 29, 6pa pA. TI-bhASya 29 paMpArivAvivALa 22 pa. TI. prazastapAda 73

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prarAstavamarza 35 pI. TI., 38 pA. TI, brahmAdvaita 82, 83 42 pA. TI, 56-57 pA. TI, 7ra brahmAMDa, 93; -nI abheda bhAvanA 94 praznopaniSad 3, 17 pI. TI. | maTTAcArya 44 pA. TI. prasthAne -sUkama kAraNanI zodhanA 33 matRhari 22 pA. TI. pitrosophI maoNja zIgara tathA 9 pA. TI. | mArA 66, 70, 80, 84-bhASya 82 bahutva 79;-vAdI 38 pA. TI-mate Izvara 82, jIva 67, 68 bAdarAyaNa 66 bhUcaitanyavAda pa0, 51, para, 61 bAhaspatya 33 bhUtatattva-bauddhamatanI itara mata sAthe tulanA kara bhUtAnugraha 74 vRddha 20, 31, 51,61-64;-pramANe sAmAnya vizeSanI u5patti 20 bhedAda 93;-vAda nimbArkane 70 maminiAca 51 pA. TI. buddhaghoSa 16 maNimekhalAi 21 buddhi-tattva 55, 26-skUla-sUma 35, 36 madhusUddana sarasvatI 27 pA. TI., 68 zuddhiATa ronIta 22 pA. TI, 47 pA. TI, 12 madhyamavajAriyA 29, 48 5. TI. tathA juo pA. TI. 74 mAdhyamikakArikA rAkhyopaniSat 34 pI. TI., 50, 63 . * | madhyamavRtti 48 pA. TI. tathA juo pA. TI. zAMkarabhASya 6, 7 mAdhyamikavRtti vo ghAyana 38, 43 madhya 70, 72, 74, 79, 83, 88;-daSTi jIva bauddha 10, 12, 41, 43, 13, 60, 5, 71 | vize 67, Izvara vize 75 75, 77, 78, 79, 89tanarUpaNamAM | HdAmArata 27, 37, 38, 60 pI. TI. 67 AtmasvarUpa paratve pAMca tabakkA 62-daSTi | | mahAyAnI 31, 48-ane kevalAdaitI dRSTinI Izvara vize 76, jagatanA svarUpa ane tulanA jagata paratve 46thI kAraNa vize 41 jIva vize 6thI mahAvagga 4 vana gaura veAta 67 pI. TI. mahAvIra 4, 31 vauddha viTa 27, 50, 51, mArkyorii 1 pA. TI. brahma 2, 3, 5, 30, 66-70, 75, 79, 80- mAdhavAcArya 30 82, 85-87, 94 mAdhyamari 1 pA. TI., 2 pA. TI. 27 brahmajIvavAda 69 5. TI. brahmapariNAmavAdI 68 madhyayavRtti 64 pA. TI. brahmabhAvanA 93 mAyA 47, 67, 68, 19, 81;-vAda che, brahmavAdI 78, 81, 89;-darzane Izvara vize 79 80, 84 -daSTi jagatanAM svarUpa ane kAraNa vize 37 mAhezvara 73, 74, 78, 87, 88 mata Izvara brahmasiddhi 29, 67 pa. TI. vize 72 vrahmasUtra 66, 75, 79 pA. TI, 80, 81, mImAMsaka cha7, 78, 79 83, 84, 5, 6, 87, 89 | mImAMsAmAM ATha pramANe dara

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101 me+samUna 9, 27, 30 vAyu tatva 33, 34 yAmunAcArya 83 vAyupurA 30 pI. TI. yutiravi 25-26 pA. TI., 59-60 pA. TI. 1 vAgye 60 pA. TI. coTisamuya 27 pA TI. vAsudeva, 83, 9 gaparaMparAmAM Ivaratattva 14 vAstavajIvavAdI 68 comASya 54 pI. TI., 74 pA. TI, 85 vAstavavAdI-jagataparatve 49 egamArga 74 vizrAvartinI 48 pA. TI. yogavidyA 92 vijJaptimAtratAvAda 62, 65 corasUtra 7, 8, 14 pA. TI., 25 pA. TI, | vijJAnamag 27 5. TI., 75, 77 pA. TI., 44 pA. TI, 74 pA. TI, 78 pA. TI. 83, 85-ne avibhAgAdvaita 70;-mate yogAcAra 65 Izvara 84 gijJAna 8 vijJAnavAda 65-vAdI 13, 44, 45 rajas 36 vijJAnasaMtati 65 rAjavArttika 28 vijJAnata 82;-vAdI 65 rAdhAkRSNan 10 vijJAnAmRtamANa 85 pA. TI. rAmacaMdra TI. na. 7ra pA. TI. videhamukti pa7 rAmAnuja 19, 6, 70, 84, 88;-mate Izvara | vidyA-parA-aparA-laukika, lekottara 90 * 83, parAvidyA 91 vidyAnanda 28 vidyAraNyasvAmI 15 rU5 tattva-bauddhamAM 41, 4ra;-nI itara mata sAthe vinTaranI 17 pA. TI. tulanA kara vicArI 59-60 pA. TI. liMga zarIra pa5, 59:-vize judA judA mata | vivaranAra 69 60 pI. TI. vivartavAdanAM lakSaNe 23 prArA 41 pA. TI. viveka khyAti 77 kAntara daSTi-dArzanika praznomAM 29 viziSTata 38, 68, 70 kAyata 33, 51, 61 vizeSa-sAmAnyanI upapatti 18;-sAMkhyamate lakattara daSTi 29 18-19, jaina mate 19, zaMkaramate 19, laukika daSTi 29 buddhamate 20; kaNAdamate 20-21 vakrama 19, 83, 86, 88-mate izvara 85-ne vizeSavAda 20 zuddhAdvaita 70 viroghAvarImArga 50 pI. TI. vasuvadhu 47 pA. TI, 66 viSNu 70, 75, 83, 84 vAvati mitra 29, 73, 75, 80 vizuddhima 15 pA. TI, 4ra 5. TI, 62 vAtsyAyana 73 pA. TI, 65 pA. TI, 66 pA. TI.

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vedanA, saMjJA Adine saMdhAta-bauddhamAM 62 63 [ mo vArsi29 . ' vedAntasAra 18 SaDdarzanasamuccaya 30 vedAntasiddhAMtasUktimaMjarI sata 33, 34, 35, 36 vedAntI matonuM digdarzana 68thI satkAryavAda-asatakAryavAda samajUtI-zaMkara, vaidika darzane 30 bauddha Adi pramANe 21 thI vaibhASika darzana 49 sattva 36, 38, 86 vaizeSika darzane 15 pA. TI, 39 pA. TI, pa6 | sapAdhiadvaita 68 pA. TI, 73-daSTi, jagatanA svarUpa ane sadgata 82 kAraNa vize 38 sadasadanirvacanIyarUpa mAyA 80 vyakta 83 sadAnanda 68 vyAsa 74 santAnAntarasiddhi 65 pA. TI. gharamANa 76 pA. TI. samati 12 pA. TI-TIkA 24 pA. TI. zabdAta 82 sama AspekTsa oNpha inDiyana kalcara 8 zarva 87 samatvabhAvanA 93 phAra 43, 60 pA. TI, 66, 80, 81, 82, sarvajJasiddhi 28 83, 85, 87, 89, 81;-ne kevalAdvaita sarvajJAtmamuni 80 sarvanasaMgara 30, 67 pA. TI., 7ra pA.TI. zAntarakSita 65 zAzvata-artha 61 sarvAstivAda 63, 64-vAdI 43, 44 zAMtiparva 30 pI. TI. sarvAyogapravidha 30 pA. TI. ziva 72, 88 saMkSepazArIrakakAra 68 zivADheta 30 saMtatinityatAvAda 43 zuddhAdvaita 38, 68, 70-vAdI 85 saMsthAna 33 zunyavAda 62, 64, 65-vAdI 44, 45 sAdasthasiddhAMta 33, 39 zaivadarzana 88 sAmagnaB834 33 5. TI., 50 pI. TI. zaivAgamo 87 sAmAnya-vizeSanI upapatti-juo vizeSa" zaivAcAryo 80, 88 sAMkhya 10, 12, 42, 43, 71, 79, 82, rana 91 83, 84;-covIsa tattvavAdI 37, 38; vAtsa rara pA. TI. -chavIsa tattvavAdI 38;-paraMparA 41, zrI 30, 83, 86-mate Izvara 87 77, 78, 89;-mahAbhAratamAM 67 zrIyaMTamANa 87-88 pA. TI. sacarAM 38 pa. TI., 40 pI. TI., 4ra zrIbhASya 4 pI. TI. pA. TI., 55 pA. TI, 56 pA, TI. ta-zaivAcArya 87 sAMkhyadaSTi-jagatasvarUpa ane kAraNa vize 35 letAzvatara 50;-upaniSada 33 pA. TI. | sAMibaranamANa 77 pA. TI.

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103 sAMkhya-ga 61, 62, 75, 78, 85 -daSTi ! sapAdhika brahmavAda 38 Izvara vize 74;-paraMparA 55, 26, 57, | sautrAntika 48, 64;-mAM kAryakAraNubhAvanI 58, 59 goThavaNa 44 sAMkhyAcAryo 45, 86 skaMdha 32, 41, 48 siddhahema 6 sthavirayAnI 31 siddhAntabiMdu 18 sthAnona-samavAyA 16 pA. TI, 41 pA. TI. siddhAntalezasaMgraha 18 smRtigraMtha 84, 87 siddhArtha gautama 4 sthAmaMgara 64 pI. TI. sidhusaMskRti 9 svayaMbhU sIsa sisTama kaiMka rUriyana joyo 9 pA TI. mitra 30 sukezA bhAradvAja 3 hiraNyagarbha 37, 74 sUkSama zarIra-jainamAM 59-sAMkhyayoga, nyAya- phrisTa da riyana krioso (velva4) vaizeSika sAthe tulana 60 5. TI.:- 79 pA.TI. bauddhamAM 66 hisTarI oNpha philosophI-IsTarna anDa vesTarna sUtrakAla 28 44 pA. TI. sUtratA 33 pA. TI, 50 pI. TI, 51 phriTorika rokavAna sudhI rUcina TUlsa zAka pA. TI, 5ra vukSama 44 pA. TI. sendra trioauthI yuDhiAma 62 pA. TI. | devinDa TIma 45 pI. TI.

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