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A SOURCE-BOOK IN JAINA PHILOSOPHY
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tic of sat it is a padārtha (substance). Due to its characteristic of activity the jīva expresses modifications. But, in all these modifications it retains its essential nature and indentity. The stream of consciousness is the attribute of the ātman, and the ātman remains the same through the modifications constituted of origin and decay.
THE VIEWS OF THE SCIENTISTS webshop Prof. Albert Einstein says, “I believe that intelligence is manifested throughout all nature."1 Sir A. S. Eddington said, “Something unknown is doing, we do not know what it is... ...I regard consciousness as fundamental. I regard matter as derivative from consciousness..... The old Atheism is gone. Religion belongs to the realm of the spirit and mind, and cannot be shaken." Herbert Spencer maintains that the teachers and founders of the religion taught, and many philosophers ancient and modern, Western and Eastern have perceived that this unknown and unknowable is our very life.3 J. B. S. Haldane expresses his view on the nature of the self as, “The truth is that, not matter, not forces, not any physical thing, but mind and personality is the central fact of the universe." Arthur H. Compton has written to say, “A conclusion which suggests ...... the possibility of consciousness after death......the flame is distinct from the log of wood which serves it temporarily as a fuel."
In the book entitled 'The Great Design' there is a description of the views of many scientists regarding the nature of the self, and the design of the universe. According to their views, the universe is not merely a mechanical and unthinking process which roils its way with inexorible necessity, but there is a design and a plan. This postulates an intelligence which works behind the process of the universe and the designer, we may call this intelligence by any name we want.
Rene Descartes has said, by giving a very simple example, that 'I think, therefore I am'. He based his arguments regarding the reality
1 The Modern Review of Calcutta, July 1936. 2 Ibid. 3 First Principles 1900 4 The Modern Review of Calcutt
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