________________
474
A SOURCE-BOOK IN JAINA PHILOSOPHY
gent) 4. āmlarasa nāma (acidic) and 5. madhura rasa nāma (sweet). '
12. Spuršanāma karma determines the nature of the touch of the individual organism. These are of eight types : 1. karkaša spars 1 (hard) 2. mrdu sparsa (soft) 3. guru sparsa (weighty) 4. laghu sparsa (unextended and light) 5. snigdha (greasy and smooth) 6. rūkņa sparsa (hard and dry) 7. śīta sparsa (cool touch) and 8. uşna sparśa (warm). The sparsa nama karma determines them.
13. Agurulaghu nāna : This karma determines the extent of the intensity neither too little nor too much in its intensity and duration.
14. Upaghāta nāma : With the rise of this karma the individual jiva suffers hardships and physical tortures due to physical deformation like pratijivhā (defects in tongue or defects in teeth, etc.)
15. Paraghāta nāma : By the rise of this karma one can influence others even through his talk or appearance. It is also possible that due to this karma, the individual jiva would be able to harm other jīvas.
16. Anupūrvī nāma : This type of karma enables an individual jīva to traverse a particular distance after it leaves its first body at the time of death and before it enters the other state of existence. It enables to cover some space so as to reach the next stage of existence. It has four types : 1. naraka ānupūrvī nāma (leading towards hell) 2. tiryak ānupūrvīnāma (it has the capacity of leading the soul to a point which to enter the lower stage of animals) 3. manuşya ānupūrvi nāma (leading to the human existence) 4. devānupūrvi nāma (leads to the next type of heavenly being).
17. Ucchvāsa nāma : By this karma, one can breath properly.
18. Atapa nāma : By this karma, an individual organism can get warm for the sake of life. Or, an organism, being himself cool,
1
This type of karma operates in the case of one-sensed organism, because the body of the one-sensed organism is first cold and then it can get hot.
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
