________________
210
A SOURCE-BOOK IN JAINA PHILOSOPHY
By the dint of this thinking and having deep faith to the core about ātma-svarūpa (nature of self) the ascetic tolerates all the agonies peacefully.
Sthanāngasūtra describes the type of Kaya-kleśa-Kayotsarga, meditation by utkatuka posture, to accept pratima (a special type of vow); vir asana, sitting in palathi posture for the study of holy scriptures, stand erect (Dandayat) posture, meditation in standing posture.1
Fourteen types of Kavaklesa are described in uvavai sūtra.2 This shows that Kayakleśa tapa is the mortification of body. PATISAMLI NATA
The process of bringing soul to its own nature, by taking off from external thoughts, is called Pratisaṁlīnatā. So samlīnatā is svalīnată (to remain in own nature). To restraint internally, the passions, senses and yogas, bringing back from external tendencies, is samlīnată.
Bhagavati sutra has given four distinctions of pratisamlīnatā. These are: (1) indriya (sense) pratisaṁlīnantā, (2) kaşāya (passions) pratisaṁlīnatā, (3) yoga saṁlīnatā, and (4) vivikta śaiyyāsana (sitting and stopping in a lonely place).3
PRAYAŚCITTA
Prāyaścitta is the formation of two words-'prayaḥ' and 'citta'. The word 'Prayaḥ' denotes sin and the word 'citta' denote viśodhana (purification). So prayaścitta (expiation) is the process of purifying the sinful activities.4
According to Acārya Akalanka offence is 'prayaḥ' and 'citta' means purification. Hence prayaścitta is the process by which crimes or offences are get purified.5
1 Sthānanga 7, 544
2 Uvavāi-Samavasaraṇa adhikāra,
3 Bhagavati 25, 7
4 Dharmasangraha 3, adhikāra.
5 Tattvärtha-rājavārttika, 9, 22, 1
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
