Society Epistemology And Logic In Indian Tradition

Author(s): Dharmchand Jain
Publisher: Prakrit Bharati Academy

Page 29

Society in Jaina Philosophy and Literature
15
11. Initiation ceremony of a nun (sādhvī-dīkşā-vidhi) 12. Ordaining ceremony of a teacher nun
(pravartinīpada-sthāpanā-vidhi) 13. Ordaining ceremony of a chief nun
(mahattarā pada-sthāpanā-vidhi) 14. Daily routine of a monk (ahorātri-caryā-vidhi) 15. Routine in different seasons (rtucaryā-vidhi) 16. Religious death ceremony through diminishing the passions (samlekhanā-vidhi)
These sacraments are related to a saint or a sādhvī, simultaneously these are having a social importance, because an ācārya and upādhyāya remain indulged in teaching and administration in their gaccha or gaņa.
The eight common sacraments for a householder (śrāvaka) and a saint are as follows: 1. Consecration ceremony of an idol (pratișthā-vidhi) 2. Peace making ceremony (śāntika-karma) 3. Nourishing ceremony for good deeds (paușţika-karma) 4. Oblation ceremony (bali-vidhāna-vidhi) 5. Expiation ceremony (prāyaś citta-vidhi) 6. Ceremony for execution of essential deeds (āvaśyakavidhi) 7. Penance ceremony (tapa-vidhi) 8. Rank ordaining ceremony (padāropaņa-vidhi).
The above description about sacraments denotes that in the 15th Century A.D., Jaina ācāryas tried to describe sacraments (samskāra) in the framework of Jainism. 35 Vide ĀD, udaya 33-40.