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The Concept of Nirvikalpatā in Buddist Logic and the Indian Tradition
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not acceptable and what are the objects which should be disregarded."
Here it is to be noted that Buddhist philosophers were also aware of this fact, hence, Śantarakṣita in Tattvasamgrah says:
avikalpakamapi jñānam vikalpotpattiśaktimat | niśćeșa-vyavahārāngam taddvāreņa bhavatyataḥ. Il
- Tattvasamgraha, 1305 Nirvikalpaka perception can produce a vikalpa, and that vikalpa becomes a part of every vyavahāra. Kamalaśīla explains that the perception has a capacity to produce a determinate knowledge and that is considered as practicable in our life. Nirvikalpatā in Samādhi
Before Dignāga, Patañjali had defined samādhi as “tadevārtha-mātra-nir-bhāsam svarūpa-śūnayam iva samādņi (Yogasūtra, 3.3). Only a reality is apprehended in samādhi without any verbal designation or a bifurcation of the object and the meditator. Vacaspati Miśra in his commentary Tattva-vaiśāradī has clearly mentioned that apprehension of pure form of reality is devoid of kalpanā." Conclusion
It is clear that concept of nirvikalpatā is well defined in the Indian tradition and it can also be announced loudly that Buddhist logicians with their philosophical acumen have contributed significantly in defining perception very
"See e.g. Vādidevasűri : abhimatānabhimata-vastu-svikära-tiraskāra-kşamam
hi pramānam ato jñānam eva tat. -Pramananayatattvāloka, 1.3 "Tattvava-vaiśāradi on Yogasútra, 2.3
