Alankardappan

Author(s): Bhagchandra Jain Bhaskar
Publisher: Parshwanath Vidyapith
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/001707/1

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alaMkAradappaNa anuvAdaka bha~varalAla nAhaTA pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI 2001 For Private & Personal use only

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pArzvanAtha vidyApITha granthamAlA-98 pradhAna sampAdaka pro0 sAgaramala jaina pro0 bhAgacandra jaina bhAskara alaMkAradappaNa (prAkRta meM eka mAtra upalabdha jaina alaGkAra grantha) anuvAdaka bha~varalAla nAhaTA vyAkhyAkAra pro0 surezacandra pANDe saMpAdaka pro0 bhAgacandra jaina bhAskara rANarama pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI 2001

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phaiksa pArzvanAtha vidyApITha granthamAlA-98 pustaka alaMkAradappaNa anuvAdaka bha~varalAla nAhaTA/pro0 sureza candra pANDe sampAdaka pro0 bhAgacandra jaina bhAskara prakAzaka pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, AI0 TI0 AI0 roDa, karauMdI, vArANasI- 221005 dUrabhASa 0452 - 316521, 318046 0542 - 318046 prathama saMskaraNa : 2001 mUlya 125.00 rUpaye mAtra akSara sajjA rAjeza kampyUTara, jayaprakAza nagara, zivapuravA, vaaraannsii| dUrabhASa : (0542) 220599 mudraka varddhamAna mudraNAlaya, bhelUpura, vaaraannsii| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ISBN 81-86715-56-8 Parswanatha Vidyapitha Series : 98 Book Alamkaradappana Translated by : Bhanwarlal Nahata/Prof. Suresh Chandra Pande Editor Prof. Bhagchandra Jain Bhaskar Publisher Parswanatha Vidyapitha I.T.I. Road, Karaundi, Varanasi- 221005 Phone 0452 -316521,318046 Fax 0542-318046 First Edition Price 125.00 Only Type Setting Rajesh Computers, Jai Prakash Nagar, Shivpurwa, Varanasi. Phone : 0542-220599 Printed at Vardhamana Mudranalaya, Bhelupur, Varanasi. 2001

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prakAzakIya jaina sAhitya bahavidha aura vizAla hai| gaMbhIra aura manoraMjaka hai| pANDityapUrNa aura lokanItika hai| saikar3oM grantha bhaNDAroM meM vaha abhI bhI surakSita hai| para kucha aise bhI granthabhaNDAra haiM jo na surakSita haiM aura na dUsaroM ke lie pravezya haiN| aise grantha bhaNDAroM meM kitanI aprakAzita kRtiyA~ chipI huI par3I haiM, nahIM kahA jA sktaa| unheM upalabdha karAyA jA sake to grantha bhaNDAroM ke kAryakartAoM kA eka bahuta bar3A yogadAna hogaa| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha aise hI prAcIna granthoM ko sampAdita kara anuvAda ke sAtha prakAzita karane kI yojanA liye hue hai| yaha yojanA anya yojanAoM ke sAtha samAntara rUpa se cala rahI hai| alaMkAradappaNa ajJAtakartRka prAkRta racanA hai jise zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA ne marudharakesarI abhinandana grantha meM hindI anuvAda sahita prakAzita kiyA thA san 1968 meN| use hI prophesara surezacandra pANDe ne punaH adita evaM vyAkhyAyita kiyA hai / isakA kuzala sampAdana prophesara bhAgacandra jaina ne kiyA hai| ata: maiM una sabhI kA AbhArI huuN| sAtha hI DaoN0 vijaya kumAra bhI dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiM jinhoMne presa sambandhI dAyitva kA pUrNa nirvahana kiyA hai| sundara akSarasajjA ke lie rAjeza kampyUTara evaM grantha mudraNa ke lie varddhamAna mudraNAlaya ko bhI dhanyavAda detA huuN| dinAMka : 15-03-2001 bhUpendranAtha jaina saciva pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vaaraannsii|

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sampAdakIya 'alaMkAradappaNa' lagabhaga dasavIM zatI kI likhI huI kRti hai| jisake racayitA ke viSaya meM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM ho sakA hai| prAkRta gAthAoM meM nibaddha yaha racanA jaisalamera bhaNDAra se prApta (naM0 326) eka mAtra tADapatrIya prati ke AdhAra para sarvaprathama zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA ne hindI anuvAda sahita marudharakesarI abhinandana grantha meM san 1968 meM prakAzita kiyA thaa| usI kA anuvAda pro0 surezacandra pANDe ne TippaNiyoM ke sAtha prastuta saMskaraNa meM prastuta kiyA hai / alaMkAradappaNa ke racayitA ko "suIdeviyaM ca kavvaM ca paNavia pavaravaNNaTuM" (gAthA 1) meM prayukta zrutidevI zabda ke AdhAra para yaha siddha karanA ucita nahIM lagatA ki zruti zabda kA prayoga cU~ki vaidika saMskRti meM hI hotA hai isalie lekhaka ko vaidika paramparA kA honA caahie| suidevi (zrutidevI) kA sambandha zrutAgama se hai aura zruta se hI zruti banA hai| jaina granthoM meM 'suI' zabda zuci aura zruti (Agama) donoM arthoM meM prayukta huA hai| abhidhAnarAjendra koSa meM isakA spaSTa ullekha hai| 'suI hiyakari' jaise aneka ullekha Avazyaka (4.24) Adi agamoM meM Ate hI haiN| uttarAdhyayanacUrNi kA dhammassa zravaNaM zrutiH zrUyate vA (pR0 98) ullekha bhI isa sandarbha meM dRSTavya hai| jaina zilpa meM sarasvatI kI prAcInatama jJAta mUrti kuSANa kAla (132 I0) kI hai jo rAjya saMgrahAlaya, lakhanaU meM saMgrahIta hai| isakA lAkSaNika svarUpa AThavIM zatI ke bAda hI vikasita huA hai| ataH yahA~ 'saidevi' kA sambandha jaina zrRtadevI yA atidevI se hI honA cAhie aura alaMkAradappaNa kA racayitA bhI jaina honA caahie| usameM Aye viSNu ke ullekha se isa anumAna para koI asara nahIM pdd'taa| prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha alaMkArazAstra kA yaha prathama grantha aneka dRSTiyoM se mahattvapUrNa hai, yadyapi isa para bhAmaha aura daNDI kA prabhAva adhika dikhAI detA hai phira bhI alaMkAroM ke svarUpa, saMkhyA, bheda-prabheda Adi ke viSaya meM racayitA ne acchA cintana prastuta kiyA hai jise hama saMkSepa meM isa prakAra aMkita kara sakate haiN| __ alaMkAra zobhAvardhaka tattva haiM, kAvya rUpa zarIra ko alaMkRta karane vAle sAdhaka haiN| zabda aura artha ke mAdhyama se kAvya ko ve itanA AkarSaka banA dete haiM ki pAThaka hataprabha-sA ho jAtA hai| zAyada isIlie kAvyazAstra ko alaMkArazAstra kahA gayA hai| rasa usakI AtmA hai, guNa alaMkAra, rIti bAhya zobhAdhAraka dharma haiM tathA zabda aura artha usake

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avayava haiN| daNDI kI kAvya kI paribhASA isa saMdarbha meM draSTavya hai- kAvya zobhAkarAndharmAnalaMkArAnpracakSate (kAvyAdarza, 2.1) / vAmana aura Anandavardhana bhI daNDI ke pIche calate dikhAI dete haiN| alaMkAradarpaNa kA racayitA bhI alaMkAravAdI hai jo mAnatA hai ki alaMkAra zravya kAvya ko sundara banA dete haiM aura kukuviyoM ke bhI kAvya ko alaMkRta kara dete haiM savvAiM kavvAI savvAiM jeNa hoti bhavvAiM / tamalaMkAra bhaNimo'laMkAraM kavikavvANaM / / gA 2 AcArya mammaTa aura vizvanAtha rasavAdI haiN| ve isake sAtha gaNoM kA anivArya sambandha sthApita karate haiN| unakI dRSTi meM kAvya ke sAtha guNoM kA sambandha nitya hai aura alaMkAroM kA sambandha anitya hai| para alaMkAradarpaNakAra prasAdaguNayukta kAvya ko bhI alaMkArahIna hone para niSprabha mAnate haiM (gaathaa.3)| paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne alaMkAra ko kAvya kI AtmA mAnakara use ramaNIyatA prayojaka dharma mAnA hai| alaMkAravAdI aura rasAbhivyaMjanAvAdI kaviyoM kI bhI dRSTi meM alaMkAra zobhAkAraka dharma haiM para rasavAdiyoM ke anusAra usakA pradhAna lakSya hai zabdArtha kA zobhAvardhana karate hue rasa kA upakAra krnaa| alaMkAradarpaNakAra "saundaryamalaMkAraH" ke hI poSaka haiM jahA~ ve kahate haiM ki jisa prakAra logoM ke samakSa pradarzita prasanna aura atyanta sundara bhI kAminI kA mukha alaMkAra rahita hone se niSprabha lagatA hai usI prakAra prasAda guNa yukta kAvya bhI logoM ke samakSa par3hA jAtA huA upamAdi alaMkAra rahita hone se phIkA lagatA hai accaMta suMdaraM pi hu niralaMkAra jaNammi kIrataM / kAmiNimuhaM va kavvaM hoi pasaNNaM pi vicchAaM / / 3 / / alaMkAra virodhI acAryoM ne bhI alaMkAroM ko mahattvapUrNa sthAna diyA hai aura unake vaijJAnika vargIkaraNa evaM samakoTika alaMkAroM meM antara sthApana karate hue sImAnirdhAraNa kiyA hai| citravidhAna evaM bimbavidhAna meM to alaMkAroM ne apanI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA adA kI hai| rasavAdI AcAryoM ne bhI unake mahattva ko svIkArA hI hai| paravartI kAla meM alaMkAroM para manovaijJAnika dRSTi se bhI vicAra kiyA jAne lgaa| unakI saMkhyA kA bhI vikAsa hotA gayA aura Aja to yaha saMkhyA 125 ko bhI pAra kara bharata ne 'zabdAbhyAsasta yamakam' kahakara yamaka ko zabdAlaMkAra ke nAma se abhihita kiyA para bhAmaha ne spaSTata: use zabdAlaMkAra aura arthAlaMkAra ke rUpa meM varga

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III vibhAjita kara diyA / tadanantara udbhaTa ne chaha aura rudraTa ne cAra vargoM meM unheM samAhita kiyA / rudraTa ne ubhayAlaMkAra jor3akara tIna aura ruyyaka ne unheM pA~ca vargoM meM vibhAjita kiyA sAdRzya, virodha, zrRMkhalAmUlaka, nyAyamUlaka aura gUr3hArthapratimUlaka / vidyAdhara aura vidyAnAtha ne arthAlaMkaroM para vizeSa bala diyaa| ruyyaka ne usI vargIkAraNa ko chaha vargoM meM subodha rUpa se vibhAjita kiyA- sAdRzyavarga, aupamyagarbhavarga, virodhagarbhavarga, zRMkhalAkAravarga, nyAyamUlakavarga, aura gUDhArtha pratItimUlakavarga / Adhunika yuga meM bhI isa vargIkAraNa kA prayAsa huA hai para vaha sarvasammata nahIM bana skaa| alaMkAradarpaNakara ne aisA apanA koI vargIkaraNa prastuta nahIM kiyaa| bharata se alaMkArazAstra kA prArambha mAnA jA sakatA hai| unhoMne rUpaka kI dRSTi se cAra hI alaMkAra ginAye haiM- upamA, rUpaka, dIpaka aura yamaka / para Age unhoMne lagabhaga 36 kAvya lakSaNoM kA nirdeza diyA hai| alaMkAroM meM tIna arthAlaMkAra aura yamaka nAmaka eka zabdAlaMkAra kA vivecana kiyA hai para dIpaka aura rUpaka ke bhedoM kA ullekha unhoMne nahIM kiyA hai| - vakroktikAra bhAmaha ne alaMkAroM kI saMkhyA 38 kI para ve hetu, sUkSma evaM leza ko alaMkAratva pradAna nahIM kara paaye| kintu daNDI ne unheM alaMkAra kA uttama bhUSaNa mAnakara unheM sArthakatA dii| unhoMne alaMkAra aura guNa donoM ko kAvya kA zobhAdhAyaka tattva mAnakara usake bheda-prabhedoM kI carcA kii| bhAmaha aura daNDI kI bhAMti udbhaTa bhI alaMkAravAdI AcArya rahe haiM, para unhoMne tIna alaMkAroM ko sthAna nahIM diyA- yamaka, utprekSAvayava aura upamArUpaka / chekAnuprAsa, kAvyadRSTAnta, saMkara Adi jaise katipaya naye alaMkAroM kI udbhAvanAkara unhoMne alaMkAroM kI saMkhyA 41 kara dI aura unheM cha: vargoM meM vibhAjita kara diyaa| rItisampradAya ke pravartaka vAmana ne upamA ko pradhAna alaMkAra mAnakara unakI saMkhyA 32 kara dI aura 'vyAjokti' nAmaka nayA alaMkAra joDa diyaa| rudraTa alaMkAravAdI hone para bhI isa sampradAya se prabhAvita rahe haiN| unhoMne alaMkAroM kI saMkhyA 62 kara dI aura arthAlaMkAroM ko cAra vargoM meM vibhAjita kara diyA-vAstava, aupamya, atizaya evaM zleSa / kuntaka ne ise saMkucitakara unheM bIsa kI saMkhyA meM sameTane kA prayatna kiyaa| para bhoja ne sarasvatI kaNThAbharaNa meM unakI saMkhyA 72 kara dii| mammaTa ne alaMkAra - vivecana kA pariSkAra karate hue unakI saMkhyA 67 batAyI aura sama, sAmAnya, vinokti evaM atadguNa ko naye alaMkaroM ke rUpa meM prasthApita kiyaa| bAda meM hemacanda ne 33, vAgbhaTTa ne 35, vizvanAtha ne 86, appaya dIkSita ne 133, aura jagannAtha ne 70 alaMkAroM kA nirdhAraNa kiyaa| alaMkAra darpaNakAra ne mAtra 44 alaMkAroM kI prarUpaNA kI aura rasika, premAtizaya, dravyottara, kriyottara, guNottara, upamArUpaka, utprekSAyamaka jaise naye alaMkAroM kI sthApanA kii|

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IV sAdRzyamUlaka upamA alaMkAra meM guNa-kriyAdi ke sAmya ke kAraNa eka vastu kI tulanA anya vastu ke sAtha kI jAtI hai / yaha sAmya do padArthoM meM sarvAtmanA ho, yaha Avazyaka nhiiN| alaMkAradarpaNakAra kI dRSTi meM deza, kAla, kriyA evaM svarUpAdi ke kAraNa bhinnatA hone para bhI upameyopamAna meM alpasAmya ke kAraNa bhI upamA hotI hai| (gAthA - 11 ) alaMkAradarpaNakAra kA yaha lakSaNa bhAmaha ke lakSaNa (kAvyAlaMkAra, 2.30) se milatA julatA hai| daNDI ne upamAvAcaka zabdoM kA vistRta vivaraNa diyA hai, jo yahA~ nahIM miltaa| upamA ke doSoM kA bhI vivecana yahA~ nahIM huA hai| hAM, bhedoM kA vivecana avazya huA hai| yahA~ upamA ke satraha bheda ginAye gae haiM, jabaki daNDI ne 35, vizvanAtha ne 27 aura jagannAtha ne 125 kI saMkhyA prastuta kI hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ke bhedoM meM prativastUpamA bhAmaha (kAvyalaMkAra, 2.37. 38) aura daNDI (kAvyAdarza, 2.145 1) ke upamA bhedoM meM dikhAI detI hai| bhAmaha hI vastutaH isake udbhAvaka haiN| daNDI ne unhIM kA anukaraNa kiyA hai| udbhaTa ise svatantra alaMkAra ke rUpa meM prasthApita karate haiM (kAvyAlaMkArasAra-saMgraha, 1.22) / mammaTa ne bhI isakA samarthana kiyA hai / ruyyaka, jayadeva, vidyAdhara, vidyAnAtha, vizvanAtha tathA appayadIkSita ne mammaTa kA hI anukaraNa kiyA hai| bhoja ne ise prativastUkti kahA hai aura use sAmyAlaMkAra kA eka bheda mAnA hai| upamA aura prativastUpamA meM antara yaha hai ki upamA meM sAdhAraNa dharma kA kathana eka bAra hotA hai, jabaki prativastUpamA meM do baar| upamA meM pRthak-pRthak zabdoM dvArA sAdhAraNa dharma kA kathana nahIM hotA, para prativastUpamA meM hotA hai / upamA meM eka vAkya hotA hai aura vAcaka padoM dvArA sAdRzya-kathana hotA hai jabaki prativastUpamA meM do vAkya hote haiM aura ivAdi padoM kA prayoga nahIM hotaa| isI taraha prativastUpamA meM sAmya kI pratIti vastuprativastubhAva ke dvArA hotI hai jabaki nidarzanA meM vaha bimbapratibimbabhAva ke dvArA hotI hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ke guNakalitA aura asamA bheda naye lagate haiN| asamA upamA alaMkAra avazya asama alaMkAra se milatA-julatA hai jahA~ upamAna kA abhAva yA viraha rahatA hai aura isameM ananvaya vAcya rahatA hai ( alaMkAra ratnAkara pR0 11) / ananvayAlaMkAra se isameM sAdhAraNa-sA bheda hai / prastuta vastu ke dharma kI prApti anyatra donoM meM nahIM hotI para asamAlaMkAra meM yaha spaSTa kara diyA jAtA hai ki isa vastu ke samAna anya koI vastu nhiiN| ananvaya meM upamAnAntaravyavaccheda kI pratIti bhara hotI hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne na asama alaMkAra mAnA hai aura na ananvaya / asama kA vikAsa ananvaya se hI huA hai| ananvaya kI sthApanA sarvaprathama bhAmaha ne kI hai / daNDI,

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V bhoja aura hemacanda ne ise svatantra alaMkAra na mAnakara upamA kA hI bheda svIkAra kiyA hai / mammaTa, ruyyaka Adi ne Age usI ko vyavasthita kiyA hai| alaMkAradarpaNa meM ina donoM alakAroM ko upamA meM sammilita kara diyA gayA hai| mAlopamA sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAra hai / ise sarvaprathama rudraTa ne svatantra alaMkAra mAnA jisakA vivecana bhoja, mammaTa, jayadeva aura vizvanAtha ne kiyA / 'bhoja ise prapaMcopamA kahate haiN| mammaTa aura jayadeva ne ise upamA ke hI bheda ke rUpa meM svIkArA hai| alaMkAradarpaNa meM bhI ise upamA ke bheda ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| rItikAla meM isake bheda - prabhedoM kI bhI carcA huii| yahA~ guNasAmya aura kriyAsAmya kI taraha zabdasAmya ko bhI upamA kA prAyojaka mAnA gayA hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne viguNarUpopamA nAmaka eka nayA upamA bheda diyA hai| saMpUrNA aura pUrNopamA samAnArthaka hai| gUDhopamA bhI eka nayA bheda hI lagatA hai| gUDhokti ko arthAlaMkAra ke rUpa meM appayadIkSita ne prastuta kiyA aura use aprastutaprazaMsA tathA zleSa se pRthak maanaa| gUDhottara, gauNI aura goNIlakSaNA kA bhI ullekha huA para gUDhopamA bheda anyatra nahIM milaa| alaMkAradarpaNakAra kA zrRMkhalopamA rudraTa kA mAlopamA hI hai| daNDI ne isI ko bahUpamA aura bhoja ne prapaMcopamA kahA hai| rasanopamA aura zRMkhalopamA samAnArthaka haiN| rItikAlIna AcAryoM ne mammaTa tathA vizvanAtha kA anukaraNa kiyA hai| isakI vivecanA meM cintAmaNi, matirAma aura padmAkara ne sAhityadarpaNa kA AdhAra liyA to kulapati ne kAvyaprakAza ko AdhAra bnaayaa| dAsa ne upamA aura ekAvalI ke mela ko razanopamA kahakara nayA vicAra diyaa| alaMkAradarpaNakAra kA zleSopamA bheda bhI nayA lagatA hai, jo zleSAlaMkAra se milatA-julatA hai| zleSAlaMkAra kI gaNanA zabdAlaMkAra aura arthAlaMkAra, donoM meM hotI hai| rudraTa, mammaTa, vizvanAtha Adi AcArya ise zabdAlaMkAra aura arthAlaMkAra donoM meM hI parigaNita karate haiN| udbhaTa ne ise arthAlaMkAra mAnA tathA ruyyaka ne sabhaMgazleSa ko zabdAlaMkAra tathA abhaMgazleSa kA arthAlaMkAra kahA hai| bharata ke zleSa guNa ko paravartIkAla meM bhAmaha ne zleSAlaMkAra banA diyaa| daNDI aura udbhaTa ne isa para vizeSa vicAra kiyA / rudraTa aura bhoja ne zabdazleSa aura arthazleSa ko pRthak-pRthak kara diyaa| mammaTa ne bhI anvayavyatirekabhAva ko nirNAyaka tattva mAnakara unhIM kA anukaraNa kiyaa| vizvanAtha para bhI mammaTa kI hI chApa hai / ruyyaka ne ise arthAlaMkAra kahA aura dIkSita ne anekArtha zabda vinyAsa ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyaa|

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VI rItikAlIna AcAryoM kA zleSa nirUpaNa daNDI, mammaTa, jayadeva aura appaya dIkSita se anuprANita hai| alaMkAra darpaNakAra ne zleSa ko pRthak alaMkAra na mAnakara use upamA kA bheda mAnA hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ke daravikalopamA aura ekakramopamA bhI naye bheda haiN| ye bheda anyatra nahIM milte| ekakramopamA ko ekAvalI se nahIM milAyA jA sakatA hai| ekAvalI alaMkAra ke janaka AcArya rudraTa haiM, jinhoMne arthoM kI paramparA ko uttarottara utkRSTa kiye jAne ke uddezya se isakI sthApanA kI hai| bhoja ne parikara alaMkAra ke antargata ekAvalI ko saMyojita kiyaa| mammaTa ne vIpsA ke vizeSaNabhAva se use jor3A aura ruyyaka, vidyAdhara, vidyAnAtha aura vizvanAtha ne usakA anukaraNa kiyaa| alaMkAradarpaNa meM parikara aura ekAvalI donoM alaMkAra nahIM milte| upamA meM hI unakA samAyojana kara diyA gayA hai| alaMkAradarpaNa ke nindAprazaMsopamA aura tallipsopamA bhI apane DhaMga ke bheda haiN| daNDI ne nindopamA tathA prazaMsopamA ko pRthak-pRthak kiyA hai| nindAprazaMsopamA ko vyAjastuti meM bhI sammilita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| alaMkAradarpaNa meM bhI aisA koI alaMkAra nahIM hai| nindopamA aura atizayitopamA ko bhI isI taraha anyatra dekhA jA sakatA hai| zrutamilitA tathA vikalpitA bhI ullekhanIya haiN| atizayopamA ko daNDI ne upamAbheda ke rUpa meM mAnA hai aura vikalpitA upamA ko bharata ke upamAbhedoM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| rUpaka kA lakSaNa alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne bhAmaha ke AdhAra para kiyA hai jahA~ guNasAmya tathA upameyopamAna ke abhedatva ko pradhAna tattva svIkArA gayA hai| isa sandarbha meM daNDI ne tAdrUpyapratIti, udbhaTa ne guNavRttiprAdhAnya, rudraTa ne upameya - upamAna ke bIca guNasAmya - abhedatva, kuntaka ne sAdRzyamUlA gauNIlakSaNA, bhoja ne gauNIvRtti, aura mammaTa ne abhedAropaNa ko AdhAra banAyA hai| paravartI AcAryoM ne prAyaH mammaTa kA anukaraNa kiyA hai / mammaTa ke sAMgabheda ke samastavastuviSayaka aura eka dezavivartI rUpaka alaMkAradarpaNakAra ke sakalavasturUpaka tathA ekaika deza rUpaka haiN| yahA~ yaha bheda dRSTavya hai ki rUpaka meM upameya para upamAna kA AropaNa kiyA jAtA hai jo nizcitatA kI ora saMketa karatA hai, para utprekSA meM anizcaya kA bhAva rahatA hai| isI taraha niraMgamAlArUpaka meM AropaNa mAtra hotA hai, anekadhA kathana nahIM, jabaki ullekha meM usakA aneka rUpoM meM avasthiti kA kathana hotA hai| sAdRzyamUlaka dIpaka alaMkAra dIpaka nyAya para AdhArita hai| isameM kucha padArtha prastuta hote haiM aura kucha aprstut| yahA~ jo aupamya yA sAdRzya artha hotA hai, vaha ivAdi zabdoM dvArA sUcita nahIM hotaa| yaha gamyaupamyamUlaka alaMkAra hai /

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MIL dIpaka alaMkAra ko sarvaprathama bharata ne vivecita kiyaa| bhAmaha ne Adi, madhya, anta rUpa se usake tIna bheda kiye jinheM mammaTa ne kriyAdIpaka meM antarbhUta kiyaa| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne isake bheda mukhadIpaka, madhyadIpaka tathA antadIpaka ke rUpa meM kiye| daNDI ne ina bhedoM ko aura bhI vistAra diyaa| udbhaTa ne upamA ko dIpaka meM antarbhUta kiyA aura ruyyaka ne uparyukta tIna bhedoM ko hI duharAyA / paravartI AcAryoM meM jayadeva, vidyAdhara, vidyAnAtha, vizvanAtha tathA appayadIkSita ne ruyyaka aura mammaTa kA hI anukaraNa kiyaa| jagannAtha ne use tulyayogitA meM antarbhUta kiyaa| rItikAlIna AcAryoM ne daNDI, mammaTa aura appayadIkSita kA hI anukaraNa kiyaa| tulyayogitA meM samasta padArtha yA to prakRta hoMge yA aprakRta jabaki dIpaka meM kucha padArtha prakRta hote haiM aura kucha aprkRt|| _ alaMkAra darpaNakAra kA rodha alaMkAra bilkula nayA hai| ise isa rUpa meM kisI ne nahIM kahA hai| rodha vahA~ hotA hai jahA~ AdhI kahI huI bAta ko kisI yukti ke dvArA roka diyA jAtA hai| isakI tulanA AkSepAlaMkAra se ho sakatI hai| AkSepa mUlata: virodhamUlaka alaMkAra hai jahA~ kisI vizeSa artha kI vyaJjanA karAI jAtI hai| isa alaMkAra ke pravartaka bhAmaha haiN| AkSepa kA artha pratiSedha yA niSedha hai| isameM vAMchita artha ko pUrA kiye binA hI bIca meM chor3a diyA jAtA hai| yaha niSedha vAstavika na hokara niSedhAbhAsa hotA hai| lagabhaga sabhI AcAryoM ne isa alaMkAra ko svIkAra kiyA hai| daNDI ne isake 24 bhedoM kI parigaNanA kI hai| rudraTa ne isako naye DhaMga se paribhASita kiyA hai| mammaTa ne bhAmaha kA anukaraNa kiyA aura vidyAdhara, vidyAnAtha tathA vizvanAtha ne mammaTa kA samarthana kiyaa| rItikAlIna AcAryoM ne bhI daNDI, mammaTa aura appayadIkSita ko AdhAra banAkara arthAlaMkAra kA vivecana kiyA hai| parantu rodhAlaMkAra ko kisI ne svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne AkSepa ko svataMtra alaMkAra mAnA hai| ata: rodha aura AkSepa donoM pRthak-pRthak haiN| ___ vyaMjanA kI samatA hone para anuprAsAlaMkAra hotA hai, yadi vaha rasAnukUla huA to| isakA sarvaprathama vivecana bhAmaha ne kiyaa| apyayadIkSita aura jagannAtha ko chor3akara prAyaH sabhI AcAryoM ne isakA varNana kiyA hai| udbhaTa taka anuprAsAlaMkAra ke svarUpa meM spaSTatA A cukI thii| vAmana kA lakSaNa bhI udbhaTa se prabhAvita hai| rudraTa ne vyaMjanoM kI anekadhA AvRtti ko anuprAsa kahA hai| mammaTa ne mAtrA ke vaisAdRzya meM bhI anuprAsa maanaa| vizvanAtha ne varNasAmya ke sthAna para zabda sAmya kI pratiSThA kii| bhAmaha, udbhaTa, rudraTa, bhoja, mammaTa evaM vizvanAtha ne anuprAsa kA vizleSaNa karate hue usake bhedoM kA vivecana kiyA hai| rudraTa ne anuprAsa ke 5 bheda kiye, bhoja ne chaha bheda kara santoSa kiyA, para mammaTa ne mAtra do bheda kiye-varNAnuprAsa aura shbdaanupraas| unhoMne varNAnuprAsa ke antargata chekAnuprAsa tathA vRtyAnuprAsa ko rakhA aura zabdAnuprAsa ko

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VIII lATAnuprAsa khaa| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne bhI anuprAsa ke do hI bheda kiye haiM- padAnuprAsa ora varNAnuprAsa / alaMkAradarpaNakAra kA atizayAlaMkAra bhAmaha kA atizayokti alaMkAra hai jise usane samasta alaMkAroM kA bIja kahA hai| bhAmaha ke samAna vahA~ bhI atizayokti ko 'lokAtikrAntagocara' kahA gayA hai| daNDI ne usI ko "lokasImAtikrAntarUpa' mAnA hai| paravartI AcAryoM meM vidyAdhara, vidyAnAtha evaM vizvanAtha ke lakSaNa ruyyaka se prabhAvita haiN| dIkSita ne atizayokti ke ATha bheda kiye haiN| vizeSAlaMkAra virodhamUlaka alaMkAra hai / vizeSa kA artha hai- vilakSaNa yA asAdhAraNa / isa alaMkAra meM AdhAra ke binA Adheya kA varNana hI vilakSaNatA kA dyotaka hai| AcArya rudraTa isa alaMkAra ke puraskartA haiN| bAda meM mammaTa, ruyyaka, zobhAkara, jayadeva, vidyAnAtha, vidyAdhara, vizvanAtha, appayadIkSita, jagannAtha aura vizvezvara ne isakA vivecana kiyA hai / mammaTa dvArA kiye gaye vizeSAlaMkAra ke dvitIya bheda se alaMkAradarpaNakAra kA lakSaNa adhika milatA dikhAI detA hai| AkSepa alaMkAra ko alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne svataMntra alaMkAra mAnA hai aura usake do bheda kiye haiM- bhaviSyamANa aura ekAnta / zobhAkara mitra dvArA varNita vidhyAbhAsa alaMkAra AkSepa se hI udbhUta hai| daNDI kA arthAntarAkSepa bhI AkSepa ke dvitIya bheda se milatA-julatA hai| jAti arthAlaMkAra hai / mammaTa ne ise svabhAvokti nAma diyA hai| yaha gUr3hArthapratItimUlaka alaMkAra hai / isakA prAyaH sabhI AcAryoM ne varNana kiyA hai| bhAmaha aura jagannAtha ne isakA varNana avazya nahIM kiyA hai| isake aneka bheda-prabheda hue haiN| vyatireka alaMkAra sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAra hai / isameM guNa vizeSa ke kAraNa upameya ke utkarSa yA Adhikya kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai| tathA upamAna- upameya ko atulanIya mAnA jAtA hai| bhAmaha isake udbhabhAvaka haiN| unhIM kA anukaraNa alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne kiyA hai| daNDI ne usake cAra bheda kiye haiN| mammaTa ne 24, aura dIkSita ne tIna bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| vyatireka meM upamAna kI bhartsanA nahIM kI jAtI jabaki pratIpa meM bhartsanA hotI hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra kA rasika alaMkAra bhAmaha kA rasavat alaMkAra honA caahie| isakA varNana bhAmaha, daNDI, udbhaTa, ruyyaka, vizvanAtha dIkSita evaM padmAkara ne kiyA hai| Anandavardhana ne ise guNIbhUta vyaMgya meM antarbhUta kiyA hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra kA paryAya alaMkAra rudraTa ke paryAyAlaMkAra se bhinna lagatA hai|

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IX paryAya kA artha anukrama hai| isameM aneka vastuoM kI sthiti kA varNana eka AdhAra meM athavA eka hI Adheya kI kramazaH aneka dhArAoM meM kAlabheda se hotA hai| para alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne paryAya ko anya ke vyAja se kahI jAne vAlI nibaddha ukti meM mAnA hai| sambhavataH yahA~ paryAya se 'paryAyokti' kA tAtparya rahA hai| paryAyokti ke udbhAvaka AcArya bhAmaha rahe haiN| bhAmaha ke hI mantavya ke udbhaTa aura daNDI ne spaSTa kiyA hai / bAda meM paryAyokta kA vaijJAnika lakSaNa prastuta karane kA zreya mammaTAcArya ko hai| yathAsaMkhya vAkya nyAyamUlaka alaMkAra hai / isakA sarvaprathama ullekha bhaTTikAvya meM milatA hai| bhAmaha ne medhAvin nAmaka kisI AcArya ko isakA udbhAvaka mAnA hai / daNDI bhAmaha ke hI vicAroM meM kucha nayA ciMtana diyA aura upamAnopameya bhAva meM bhI yathAsaMkhya kI sthiti svIkAra kI / bhAmaha se vAmana taka yathAsaMkhya meM anyAlaMkAra kA mizraNa hotA rahA jise rudraTa ne pariSkRta kiyaa| unhoMne kahA ki padArtha yathAkrama vizeSaNa- vizeSya bhAva se gRhIta ho to hI yathAsaMkhya hogaa| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne isake dviguNa, triguNa aura caturguNa bheda kiye haiN| samAhita alaMkAra ko sAra bhI kahA jAtA hai| yaha zrRMkhalAmUlaka alaMkAra hai / isa alaMkAra ke udbhAvaka AcArya rudraTa haiM / ruyyaka ne ise udAra tathA bhoja ne uttara saMjJA bhI dI hai| jayadeva ne sAra tathA udArasAra ina do alaMkAroM ko mAnA hai, jabaki dIkSita ne sAra meM hI udArasAra ko antarbhUta kiyA hai| isameM utkRSTatA kA Aroha hotA hai / isa alaMkAra kA yadi aura bhI anta: parIkSaNa kiyA jAye to isakI tulanA samAdhi alaMkAra se kI jA sakatI hai| isa alaMkAra ke mUla meM 'kAkatAlI nyAya' kI kalpanA kI gaI hai| isameM do kAraNa hote haiM - eka pahale se hI vidyamAna hotA hai aura eka Agantuka / isakA sarvaprathama vivecana bhAmaha ne kiyaa| bhAmaha aura daNDI ne isakA nAma samAhita hI diyA hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne daNDI kA anukaraNa kiyA hai| virodhAlaMkAra virodhamUlaka alaMkAra hai jahA~ vAstavika virodha na hokara virodhAbhAsa mAtra hotA hai| isake udbhAvaka bhAmaha haiN| udbhaTa, daNDI, vAmana, bhoja Adi AcAryoM ne bhAmaha kA hI anukaraNa kiyA hai| para rudraTa ne use vAstavamUlaka alaMkAroM ke antargata rakhA hai| mammaTa ne isake dasa bhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai jinakA anukaraNa ruyyaka ne kiyA hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne virodha ke koI bheda nahIM ginAye haiN| saMdeha sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAra hai / bhAmaha isake puraskartA haiN| daNDI ne ise svatantra alaMkAra na mAnakara upamA ke eka bheda saMzayopamA ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| bhAmaha ne isakA nAma sasandeha diyA hai| udbhaTa ne isake do bheda kiye haiM - nizcayagarbha tathA zuddha

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sndeh| rudraTa ne nizcayAnta jor3akara usake tIna bheda kara diye| zobhAkara ne sAdRzyetara sambandha-nibandhana meM bhI sandehAlaMkAra ko mAnA hai| alaMkAradarpaNa meM isake bhedoM kA koI bhI varNana nahIM hai| sandeha meM donoM pakSa samAna hote haiM jabaki utprekSA meM upamAna pakSa kA moha rahatA hai| vibhAvanA virodhamUlaka alaMkAra hai| vibhAvanA kA artha hai- vizeSa prakAra kI kalpanA jahA~ kAraNa ke abhAva meM kArya ke sadbhAva kA varNana hotA hai| bhAmaha ne isakI sthApanA kI aura lagabhaga sabhI AcAryoM ne use svIkAra kiyaa| daNDI, vAmana, rudraTa Adi AcAryoM ne usako aura adhika spaSTa kiyaa| appayadIkSita kA vizeSa yogadAna rahA usake nirUpaNa meN| unhoMne usake cha: bheda kiye| alaMkAradarpaNa meM usake koI bheda nahIM milte| vibhAvanA meM kAraNa ke binA bhI kAryotpatti varNita hotI hai, jabaki vizeSokti meM kAraNa ke hote hue bhI kAryAbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| bhAvAlaMkAra kA udbhAvana AcArya rudraTa ne kiyA jisakA ullekha alaMkAra sarvasvakAra ne apane grantha ke Adi meM hI kiyA hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne isakA koI udAharaNa nahIM diyaa| isa alaMkAra kI tulanA Anandavardhana kI vastudhvani se kI jA sakatI hai| anyApadeza nAmaka alaMkAra bhI nayA hai| jahA~ aprastuta vAcyArtha ke mAdhyama se prastuta artha kI vyaMjanA kI jAtI hai vahA~ anyApadeza nAmaka alaMkAra hotA hai| yaha arthAlaMkAra hai| ise bhAmaha ne aprastuta prazaMsA kahA hai| prAya: sabhI AcAryoM ne ise svIkAra kiyA hai| mammaTa ne isake pAMca bheda mAne haiN| pA~caveM bheda kI tulanA anyApadeza se kI jA sakatI hai jahA~ tulya aprastuta ke abhidhAna dvArA tulya prastuta vyaMgya hotA hai| AcArya hemacandra ne ise anyokti kahA hai| parikara arthAlaMkAra hai jisameM sAbhiprAya yA vyaMjaka vizeSaNa zobhAkAraka hokara vizeSya kA upaskAraka hotA hai| isa alaMkAra ke udbhAvaka rudraTa haiN| isake bAda bhoja, mammaTa, ruyyaka, jayadeva, apyayadIkSita, jaganAtha, vizvezvara Adi AcAryoM ne isako pariSkRta kiyA hai| parikara aura anya parikara samAnArthaka haiN| bhoja ne ise kriyA, kAraka sambandhI, sAdRzya tathA dRSTAnta ke rUpa meM pAMca prakAra kA mAnA hai| ve ekAvalI ko parikara se bhinna mAnate haiN| mammaTa ne ise pariSkRta kiyaa| alaMkAradarpaNakAra mammaTa kA anukaraNa karate dikhAI dete haiN| parikarAMkara alaMkAra ko vidyAnAtha dIkSita ne hI mAnA hai| isameM kavi sAbhiprAya vizeSya kA prayoga karatA hai| arthAntarAnyAsa sAdRzyamUlaka yA tarkanyAyamUlaka alaMkAra hai| sAmAnya kA vizeSa ke sAtha athavA sAmAnya ke sAtha samarthana na karanA arthAntaranyAsa alaMkAra hai| yaha

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XI sAdRzya mUlaka alaMkAra hai| yaha sAdRzya zAbda hotA hai, artha yA vyaMgya nhiiN| isa alaMkAra ke puraskartA bhAmaha haiN| prAcIna AcAryoM meM rudraTa ne sarvaprathama sAmAnya-vizeSabhAva kA samAveza kiyA tathA isakI sAdRzyamUlakatA svIkAra kii| mammaTa ne ise aura vyavasthita kiyaa| ruyyaka ne kAraNa- kArya bhAva kA samarthana kiyA aura usake ATha bheda kiye| dRSTAnta aupamyamUlaka hai jahA~ padArtha vizeSa hote haiM jabaki arthAntaranyAsa meM eka padArtha samAnya hotA hai, eka vishess| sahokti sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAra hai| sahArthaka zabda ke yoga se eka zabda kA aneka artha kA bodhaka honA sahokti hai| isa alaMkAra kA prANabhUta tattva atizayokti hai| bhAmaha ne isa alaMkAra kA sarvaprathama vivecana kiyA hai| uttarakAlIna AcAryoM ne unhIM kA anukaraNa kiyA hai| rudraTa ne vAstava tathA aupamya ina do vargoM meM sahokti kA varNana kiyA hai| ruyyaka ne vyAkaraNika AdhAra kI pratiSThA kara sahokti kI aupamyamUlakatA siddha kI hai| isameM sabhI dharmI prakRta hote haiM, pradhAnadharmI upameya tathA gauNadharmI upamAna hotA hai| Urjasvi alaMkAra kI pratiSThA bhAmaha ne kI aura use paripuSTa kiyA daNDI, udbhaTa, vizvanAtha Adi AcAryoM ne / yahA~ tejasvitA tathA alaMkAra kA utkarSa dikhAyA jAtA hai| yaha arthAlaMkAra hai| ___ apahRti alaMkAra sAdRzyamUlaka abheda pradhAna alaMkAra hai| apahRti kA artha haigopana, nihnava, nissedh| isameM prakRta kA niSedhakara aprakRta arthAt upamAna kI sthApanA kI jAtI hai| bhAmaha isa alaMkAra ke pravartaka haiN| unhoMne isameM kiJcita sAdRzya yA upamA kA rahanA Avazyaka mAnA hai| daNDI ne use upamA kA eka bheda mAnA aura phira use svatantra alaMkAra svIkAra kiyaa| apahRti meM prakRta niSedha hotA hai jabaki rUpaka meM prakRta kA niSedha nahIM hotaa| vyAjokti gUDhArthapratItimUlaka hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne yahA~ bhAmaha kA anukaraNa kiyA hai| premAtizaya meM priya ke atizaya kA varNana hotA hai| daNDI ne ise sarvaprathama paribhASita kiyA hai aura use preyas alaMkAra kahA hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne daNDa kA hI samarthana kiyA hai| udAtta alaMkAra kisI vastu kI samRddhi ke varNana meM hotA hai| yaha atizayamUlaka alaMkAra hai jisameM bIja rUpa meM atizayokti vidyamAna rahatI hai, bhale hI vaha atizayokti se saMkucita ho| kAvyazAstra meM isake tIna nAma milate haiM- udAtta (bhAmaha), udAra (bhaTTi) tathA avasara (rudrtt)| vAmana aura paNDitarAja ke atirikta sabhI AcAryoM ne isakA varNana kiyA hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne bhAmaha kA anukaraNa kiyA hai|

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XII parivRtti alaMkAra vAkyanyAyamUlaka arthAlaMkAra hai| jisameM sama athavA asama padArthoM ke paraspara vinimaya kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai| isakA varNana bhAmaha se vizvezvara paNDita taka hotA rahA hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne isI ko parivRtta alaMkAra kahA hai| dravyottara meM dravya kI pradhAnatA hotI hai, kriyottara meM kriyA kI pradhAnatA hotI hai aura guNottara meM guNa kI pradhAnatA hotI hai| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ke ina alaMkAroM ko kAraka aura kriyAdIpaka meM antarbhUta kiyA jA sakatA hai| zleSAlaMkAra zabda aura artha donoM hai| zliSTa yA anekArthavAcI zabdoM ke dvArA aneka artha ke abhidhAna meM zabdazleSa hotA hai| jahA~ upamAna aura upameya eka hI zabda se nirUpita ho vaha zleSAlaMkAra hai| isakA vivecana prathamataH bhAmaha ne kiyA / yadyapi bharata ne use guNa meM sthAna diyA thaa| bhAmaha kA jora arthazleSa para rhaa| daNDI, udbhaTa, mammaTa Adi AcAryoM ne ise adhika spaSTa kiyaa| ruyyaka ne ise arthAlaMkAra mAnA hai| rudraTa ne isake aThAraha bheda kiye| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne sahokti, upamA aura hetu ina tIna bhedoM kA hI varNana kiyA hai| samAsokti meM vAcyArtha kevala prakRtapakSaka hotA hai aura aprakRtapakSaka kI pratIti hotI hai, jabaki zleSa meM donoM vAcyArtha hote haiN| vyapadeza stuti aparicita-sA alaMkAra hai| samayogitA tulyayogitA kA samAnArthaka hai| yaha sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAra hai| jahA~ sabhI prastutoM yA aprastUtoM kA eka hI kriyA yA gaNa ke sAtha anvaya ho, vahA~ samayogitA alaMkAra hotA hai| bhAmaha daNDI, vAmana ne isakA vivecana kiyA para mammaTa ne isake svarUpa ko vyavasthita kiyaa| aprastuta prasaMgAlaMkAra vizeSAlaMkAra kA samAnArthaka-sA lagatA hai| anumAna meM sAdhana dvArA sAdhya kA camatkAraka varNana rahatA hai| Adarza nAmaka alaMkAra to alaMkAra darpaNakAra kA bilkula apanA hai| anya kisI ne use svIkArA nahIM hai| utprekSA alaMkAra to prasiddha hai hii| AzI: alaMkAra kA saMketa bhAmaha ne kiyA para usakA sarvaprathama lakSaNa kiyA daNDI ne| alaMkAradarpaNakAra ne usI AdhAra para isa alaMkAra ko spaSTa kiyA hai| upamArUpaka alaMkAra bhAmaha, daNDI aura vAmana ne svIkAra kiyA hai, para vastuta: vaha rUpaka se adhika bhinna nahIM lgtaa| daNDI ne ise rUpaka kA hI eka bheda mAnA hai| nidarzana eka sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAra hai| ise bhI sabhI ne svIkAra kiyA hai| utprekSAvayava kA udbhAvana bhAmaha ne kiyA para bhoja Adi paravartI AlaMkArikoM ne isakA antarbhAva utprekSA meM hI kara diyaa| vastuta: yaha svataMtra alaMkAra na hokara zleSa, utprekSA aura rUpaka kA hI mizrita rUpa hai| rUpaka meM tAdrUpyAropa hotA hai jabaki nidarzana meM

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XII aikyAropa pAyA jAtA hai| bimbapratibimbabhAva tathA sAmAnAdhikaraNya kI dRSTi se bhI bheda hai| udbheda ko anyokti ke rUpa meM samajhA jA sakatA hai| zobhAkara mizra ke alaMkAra ratnAkara meM "nigUDhasya pratibhedaH udbheda:' ke rUpa meM isakA ullekha AtA hai| valitAlaMkAra kim pada ke prayoga ke dvArA zreSThavacana kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai| yaha alaMkAra nayA hai / yamaka zabdAlaMkAra hai| sArthaka athavA nirarthaka bhinna arthavAle svara, vyaMjana samudAya kI AvRtti yA punaH zravaNa meM yamaka alaMkAra hotA hai / daNDI, rudraTa, Anandavardhana, kuntaka, mammaTa Adi sabhI AcAryoM ne yamaka ko svIkAra kiyA hai| bharata ne isake dasa bhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai aura bhAmaha ne pA~ca kA / uttarakAlIna sabhI AcAryoM ne yamaka ko svIkAra kiyA hai| ruyyaka ne svara- vyaMjana samudAya kI punarukti ko yamaka kahA hai| rItikAlIna AcAryoM kA yamaka nirUpaNa daNDI tathA mammaTa se prabhAvita hai| alaMkAradarpaNa meM pAdAdi, madhyAnta, Avali aura sakalapadayamaka ke udAharaNa diye gaye haiN| prastuta alaMkAradappaNa ko sarvaprathama prakAza meM lAne kA zreya sarvazrI agaracanda nAhaTA aura bha~varalAla nAhaTA ko hai| unakI sadAzayatA aura sahayogIvRtti ke lie hama unake kRtajJa haiN| unake sampAdana, saMskRta chAyA aura hindI anuvAda kA upayoga prastuta saMskaraNa meM kiyA gayA hai, etadartha hama unake kRtArtha haiN| hamArI pANDulipi pichale do varSoM se presa meM par3I thI / abhI-abhI patA calA hai ki prAkRta ke labdha pratiSThita vidvAn sva0 pro0 bhayANI dvArA sampAdita alaMkAradappaNa kA ahamadAbAda se prakAzana huA hai / usakA bhI hamane apane sampAdana meM upayoga kiyA hai / ata: hama pro0 bhayANI sA0 ke bhI abhArI haiN| isake vyAkhyAkAra haiM saMskRta jagat ke vizruta vidvAn prophesara surezacandra pANDe, bhUtapUrva AcArya evaM adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, ilAhAbAda vizvavidyAlaya jinhoMne viSaya ko bar3I gambhIratA ke sAtha vyAkhyAyita kiyA hai / vidyApITha ke lie yaha gaurava kA viSaya hai ki unhoMne saMsthAna meM prAkRta vibhAgAdhyakSa ke rUpa meM samarpita bhAva se apanI sevAyeM dIM aura yaha sAhityika kArya pUrA kiyaa| isa yogadAna ke lie hama unake bhI hArdika AbhArI hai| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha aprakAzita prAcIna granthoM ko Adhunika zailI meM sampAdita kara/ karAkara anuvAda ke sAtha prakAzita karane kA saMkalpa liye hue hai| isI upakrama meM prastuta saMskaraNa sudhI pAThakoM ke samakSa prastuta hai / vArANasI dinAka : 15-03-2001 prophesara bhAgacandra jaina bhAskara nidezaka pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI

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bhUmikA 'alaMkAradappaNa' prAkRta bhASA meM racita alaMkAragrantha hai| isake atirikta prAkRta bhASA meM alaMkArazAstra kA koI grantha upalabdha nahIM hai| isa grantha ko sarvaprathama prakAza meM lAne kA zreya zrI agaracanda nAhaTA ko hai| yaha sarvaprathama marudhara kesarI (muni zrI mizrIlAla jI mahArAja) abhinandana grantha meM vIra saMvat 2495 (I0 san 1968) meM jodhapura byAvara se chapA thaa| usameM bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA kRta hindI anuvAda bhI thA jisameM saMskRtacchAyA aura hindI anuvAda prAyaH santoSajanaka nahIM the| unheM hamane pariSkRta kiyA hai| zrI agaracanda nAhaTA jI ne grantha kI bhUmikA meM jo mahattvapUrNa sUcanA dI hai, use yahA~ uddhRta kiyA jA rahA hai ___ "prAkRta bhASA kA vipula aura vividhaviSayaka sAhitya prakAza meM AyA hai, kintu koI alaMkAra grantha aba taka prakAzita nahIM huaa| prastuta grantha ke atirikta kisI anya grantha kA astitva bhI vidita nahIM hai| isa grantha meM alaMkAra sambandhI jo vivaraNa diyA gayA hai usase isakA nirmANakAla 8vIM se 11vIM zatAbdI kA mAnA jA sakatA hai| racanA se kartA kA patA nahIM cltaa| prAkRta bhASA kI alaMkAra sambandhI yaha eka hI racanA jaisalamera ke bar3e jJAnabhaNDAra meM tAr3apatrIya prati meM prApta huI hai| __ kavi ne prArambha meM zrutadevatA ko namaskAra karake, kAvya meM alaMkAroM kA aucitya aura uddezya kA varNana kara alaMkArazAstra racane kI pratijJA kI hai| pazcAt padya 5 se 10 taka meM varNita 40 alaMkAroM ke nAma kahe haiN| anantara pratyeka alaMkAra ke lakSaNa evaM udAharaNa diye haiN| inameM katipaya alaMkAroM ke lakSaNamAtra haiM to katipaya ke udAharaNa mAtra hI haiN| prarUpita alaMkAroM kI saMkhyA 45 hotI hai jaba ki granthakAra ne padya 10 meM 40 saMkhyA kA ullekha kiyA hai, ata: premAtizaya se guNottaraparyanta 6 alaMkAroM ko eka premAtizaya ke antargata svIkAra kara lene se 40 kI saMkhyA kA aucitya ThaharatA hai| isa grantha meM nirUpita rasika, premAtizaya, dravyottara, kriyottara, guNottara, upamArUpaka, utprekSAyamaka Adi alaMkAra anya lakSaNagranthoM meM prApta nahIM haiN| ye alaMkAra navIna nirmita haiM yA kisI prAcIna alaMkArazAstra kA anusaraNa haiM, nizcita nahIM kahA jA sktaa| 134 gAthAoM kI yaha racanA jaisalamera bhaMDAra kI tAr3apatrIya prati 13 patroM meM likhI huI hai, jo 13vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArddha meM likhI gaI jAna par3atI hai| isake sAtha

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XV kAvyAdarza bhI likhA huA hai| AgamaprabhAkara muni puNyavijaya jI jaba jaisalamera bhaNDAra kA uddhAra evaM suvyavasthA kara rahe the taba maiM apane vidvAn mitra narottamadAsajI svAmI ke sAtha vahA~ pahu~cA aura svAmI jI ne isa mahattvapUrNa grantha kI pratilipi kI jise muni puNyavijaya jI ne mUla prati se milAkara saMzodhita kara diyA / tadanantara mere bhAtRputra bhaMvaralAla ne isakI saMskRta chAyA aura hindI anuvAda kA kaThina kArya yathAmati sampanna kiyaa| anuvAda meM bhUleM aura kamI raha sakatI haiN| kevala ekamAtra prAkRta ke alaMkArazAstra kA sabhI vidvAnoM ko paricaya ho jAya isIliye zrama kiyA jA rahA hai ) " India Antiquary Vol. IV pRSTha 83 meM alaMkAradappaNa ke sambandha meM jo sUcanA hai, vaha isa prakAra hai- "Dr. Buhler on the celebrated Bhandara of Sanskrit Manuscripts at Jessalmir (Translated by Shankar Pandurang Pandit) "The Alamkara is representsd by very important works, of works that are already known there is Dandins kavyadarsa in a copy dated Samvat 1161 (Ad. 1105) 'There is also the kavyaprakasa of Mammata with a com - mentary by Somesvar which I believe is new. Besides there is the Udbhatalamkara, the Alamkarasastra of Vamanacarya and a tika on a portion of the Rudratalamkara as also an Alamkaradarpana ( 134 Slokas) in Prakrit. alaMkAradappaNa kA racayitA ajJAtanAmA hai| granthakAra ne apanA nAma kahIM bhI nahIM diyA hai, isase usakI Atma vijJApana parAGmukhatA hI pratIta hotI hai / prAya: kucha vidvAn ise kisI jainAcArya kI racanA mAnate haiM aura usakA kAraNa batAte hue kahate haiM ki isake Adi ke maGgalazloka meM zrutadevatA ko praNAma kiyA gayA hai| vastutaH gAthA meM zrutadevatA nahIM, apitu zrutidevI ko praNAma kiyA gayA hai sundarapaaviNNAsaM vimalAlaMkArehiasarIraM / suideviyaM ca kavvaM ca paNavia pavaravaNNaM // 1 // jaina AgamoM ke liye zruta kA prayoga hotA hai zruti kA nahIM, jaise zrutajJAna, zrutakevalI, zrutaskandha Adi / alaMkAradappaNa meM suideviyaM arthAt 'zrutidevIm' kahA gayA hai| zruti kA artha yadi zruta hI mAnA jAya to bhI zrutadevI se tAtparya vAgdevI sarasvatI se hI hai aura sarasvatI vaidika paramparA kI hI devI haiN| isa kAraNa granthakAra kI veda meM niSThA hone ke kAraNa use jainAcArya mAnanA samIcIna nahIM pratIta hotA / isake atirikta 69vIM

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XVI gAthA meM bhagavAna ziva ko namaskAra karanA tathA 117vIM gAthA meM dvijoM ke AzIrvAda kI mahimA kA varNana bhI isa bAta ke pramANa haiM ki granthakAra vaidika paramparA kA hI AcArya rahA hogaa| 'alaMkAradappaNa' meM 134 padya haiM jinameM kAvya ke 44 alaMkAroM ke lakSaNa aura udAharaNa haiN| 5vIM se 10vIM kArikA taka ginAe gae alaMkAroM kA krama isa prakAra haiupamA, rUpaka, dIpaka, rodha, anuprAsa, atizaya, vizeSa, AkSepa, jAti, vyatireka, rasika, paryAya, yathAsaMkhya, samAhita, virodha, saMzaya, vibhAvanA, bhAva, arthAntaranyAsa, anyaparikara, sahokti, UrjA, apahRti, premAtizaya, udAtta, parivRtta, dravyottara, kriyottara, guNottara, bahuzleSa, vyapadezastuti, samayogitA, aprastutaprazaMsA, anumAna, Adarza, utprekSA, saMsRSTi, AzI:, upamArUpaka, nidarzanA, utprekSAvayava, udbheda, valita, aura ymk| ukta alaMkAroM meM dravyottara, guNottara, kriyottara, rodha, Adarza, Atura, tathA premAtizaya navIna alaMkAra haiN| inakI carcA kisI anya AlaMkArika dvArA nahIM kI gaI hai| alaMkAradappaNakAra ne AcArya bhAmaha kI taraha alaMkAra kA koI sAmAnya lakSaNa nahIM diyA hai aura na alaMkAroM ke paurvAparya kA koI yuktisaMgata krama hI rakhA hai| zabdAlaMkAra aura arthAlaMkAra kI vibhAjaka rekhA bhI nahIM khIMcI gaI hai| kahIM-kahIM alaMkAroM ke lakSaNa bhI spaSTa nahIM haiM, ata: khIMca-tAna kara artha nikAlanA par3A hai| kahIM lakSaNa kI saMgati bhI udAharaNa meM ThIka nahIM baiTha paatii| alaMkAroM ke lakSaNa aura bheda prAya: AcArya bhAmaha tathA daNDI se sAmya rakhate haiN| alaMkAroM ke sabhI udAharaNa granthakAra ke svaracita pratIta hote haiM, kyoMki ve na to kisI alaMkAra grantha meM milate haiM aura na gAhAsattasaI athavA vajjAlaggaM meM hI milate haiN| isase granthakAra ke kavitvagaNa kA bhI saMketa milatA hai| isakA alaMkAra vivecana AcArya bhAmaha, daNDI aura kahIM-kahIM AcArya rudraTa ke vivecana se sAmya rakhatA hai| isameM vizeSarUpa se bhAmahAlaMkAra kI chAyA dikhAI detI hai| bhAmaha ke "na kAntamapi nirbhUSaM vibhAti vanitAnanam" 1/13 kI hI spaSTa chAyA hai alaMkAradappaNa kI adholikhita kArikA meM accaMtasundaraM pi hu niralaMkAraM jaNammi kIrantaM / kAmiNImuhaM va kavvaM hoi pasaNNaM pi vicchAaM / / 3 / / utprekSAvayava nAmaka alaMkAra bhI kevala bhAmaha aura alaMkAradappaNakAra ko hI mAnya hai anya kisI AlaMkArika ko nhiiN| AcArya daNDI ne use svatantra alaMkAra na mAnakara utprekSA kA hI bheda mAnA hai| bhoja ne bhI usakA utprekSAlaMkAra meM hI antarbhAva kiyA hai|

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XVII AcArya bhAmaha ke 'kAvyAlaMkAra' meM pratipAdita alaMkAroM meM tathA alaMkAradappaNa ke alaMkAra lakSaNoM meM kitanA adhika sAmya hai adholikhita rUpa meM tulanA karake samajhA jA sakatA hai:utprekSAvayava alaMkAra zliSTasyArthena saMyuktaH . kiJcidutprekSayAnvitaH / rUpakArtheni ca punarutprekSAvayavo yathA / / kAvyA. 3/47 hoI silesa chaleNa majjaMtI rUaeNNa apphuDeNa / upekkhA esAsuA uppekkhAva avaNAmA hu ||alN0 121 rUpakAlaMkAra upamAnena yattattvamupameyasya rUpyate / guNAnAM samatAM dRSTA rUpakaM nAma tadvidu : ||kaavyaa. 2/21 uvamANeNuvameassa jaM arUvijjae vi rUviaM su / davvaguNasammaaM taM bhaNanti iha rUvaaM kaiNo ||alN 41 upamAlaMkAra viruddhenopamAnena dezakAlakriyAdibhiH / upameyasya yatsAmyaM gaNalezena sopamA ||kaavyaa. 2/30 uvamANeNaM jA desakAla kiriAvaroha paDieNaM / avameassa sarisa lahai guNeNaM khu sA uvamA |alN.10 atizayokti alaMkAra nimittato vaco yattu lokAtikrAnta gocaram / manyante'tizayoktiM tAmalaGkAratayA yathA ||kaavyaa. 2/8 jattha nimittAhinto loA ekattagoaraM vaaNaM / / viraijjai so tassa a aisaaNAmo alaMkAro / / alaM. 54 sandeha alaMkAra upamAnena tattvaM ca bhedaM ca vadataH punaH / sasandehaM vacaH stutyai sasandehaM viduryathA / / kAvyA.2/43 uvamANeNa sarUaM bhaNiUNa bhassao jahiM bheo| thuikaraNeNaM saMdeha saMsio sohu saMdeho // alaM.94

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aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra adhikArAdapetasya vastuno'nyasya yA stutiH / aprastuta prazaMseti sA caivaM kathyate yathA // kAvyA03/29 appatthuappasaMgo ahiAravimukkavastuNo bhaNanaM / alaM. 107 zliSTa alaMkAra sAdhyate / tadabhidhIyate // kAvyA. 3/14 upamAnena yattattvamupameyasya guNakriyAbhyAM nAmnA ca zliSTaM tansahoktyupamAhetu nirdezAttrividhaM yathA / kAvyA. 3/17 uvamAe uvameaM rUijjai jeNa so silesatti / so uNa sahotti uamA hetuhiMto muNeavvo || alaM. 99 yamakAlaMkAra tulyazrutInAM bhinnAnAmabhidheyaiH parasparam / varNAnAM yaH punarvAdo yamakaM tannigadyate // kAvyA. 2/17 jamaaM sui samamiNattha vaaNepuNuruttaA bhaNiaM / alaM0 126 1 yamakAlaMkAra bheda AdimadhyAnta yamakaM pAdAbhyAsaM tathAvalI / yamakamityettatpaJcadhocyate / / kAvyA. 2/9 samastapAda AimajjhaMtagaaM pAamAso tAvalinibaMdha | NIsesapAaraiaM jAi jamaaM dIpakAlaMkArabheda XVIII AdimadhyAnta viSayaM tridhA ekasyaiva tryavasthatvAditi muhamajjhatagaeNaM bhaNNai dIviaM rasavadalaMkAra prativastUpamA mAnavastunyAsena yAthevAnabhidhAne'pi tadbhidyate rasavaddarzitaspaSTazrRGgArAdirasaM yathA / kAvyA. 3/6 phuDasiMgArAiraso rasio aha bhaNNae alaMkAro / alaM. 64 I dIpakamiSyate / paMcavavihaM / alaM. 128 guNasAmya tridhA // kAvyA. 2 /25 tivihaM / alaM0 46 prativastUpamocyate / pratItitaH / kAvyA. 2 / 34

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XIX paDivatthU esA uamA jA hoi samANavatthurUAa / ivamivapivAirahiA vi sarisaguNa paccuahiMto |alN. 14 - isake atirikta bhI AcArya bhAmaha kA alaMkAradappaNakAra se bahuvidha sAmya spaSTa pratIta hotA hai| saMsRSTi alaMkAra bhI donoM AcAryoM ko mAnya hai, saMkara nhiiN| daNDI ne saMkaTa ko saMsRSTi kA prakAra mAnA hai| utprekSAvayava alaMkAra bhAmaha tathA alaMkAra darpaNakAra ke atirikta anya AlaMkArikoM ko mAnya nahIM hai| paravartI AlaMkArikoM meM bhoja ne utprekSA meM hI usakA antarbhAva kiyA hai utprekSAvayavo yazca yA cotprekSopamA mtaa| mataM ceti na bhidyante tAnyutprekSAsvarUpataH / / AcArya daNDI ne utprekSAvayava ko utprekSA kA hI bheda mAnA hai, svatantra alaMkAra nahIM- 'utprekSAbheda evAsAvutprekSAvayavopi ca'- kAvyAdarza2/359 isa prakAra 'utprekSAvayava, ko svatantra alaMkAra mAnanA alaMkAradappaNakAra ko bhAmaha kA anuyAyI hI banAtA hai| hetu, sUkSma aura leza-ina tIna alaMkAroM kA bhAmaha ne khaNDana kiyA hai- "hetuzca sUkSmo lezazca nAlaMkAratayA mtH|" kAvyAlaMkAra 2/68 alaMkAradappaNakAra ne to ukta tIna alaMkAroM kA nAma taka nahIM liyA, kintu AcArya daNDI ko inakI alaMkAratA mAnya thI "hetuzca sUkSmalezau ca vAcAmuttamabhUSaNam" kAvyAdarza 2/235 bhAmaha ne udAtta alaMkAra kA lakSaNa nahIM diyA, kintu udAharaNa diyA hai| daNDI ne udAtta kA spaSTa lakSaNa tathA udAharaNa dekara usake do bheda mAne haiM- (kAvyAdarza 2.300) alaMkAradappaNakAra ne bhI daNDI ke samAna hI Azayamahattva aura pratipAdana-mahattva kI dRSTi se udAttAlaMkAra ke do prakAra batAe haiM- riddhImahANu bhAvattaNehiM duvidho vi jAai udttau| aura dravyottara, guNottara tathA kriyottara nAmaka nitAnta nUtana alaMkAra mAne haiN| unheM na bhAmaha ne mAnA hai aura na daNDI ne| AcArya bhAmaha ne zabda vibhAga ke prasaMga meM dravya, kriyA, jAti aura guNa ke bheda se zabda ke cAra prakAra batAe haiM dravyakriyAjAtiguNabhedAtte ca caturvidhAH / yadRcchAzabdamityanye DisthAdiM pratijAnate // 6/21

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XX pataJjali ke mahAbhASya meM 'dravya' ke sthAna para ' yadRcchA' zabda AyA hai - catuSTayI zabdAnAM pravRtti: jAtizabdA guNazabdAH kriyAzabdA yadRcchA zabdAzcaturthAH / alaMkAradappaNakAra ke jAti, guNa, kriyA, aura dravya kA sandarbha bhAmaha se sAmya rakhatA hai aura isI ke anusAra unhoMne cAra alaMkAroM kA kathana jAti alaMkAra, dravyottara, guNottara aura kriyottara alaMkAra - isa rUpa meM kiyA bhAmaha aura daNDI kA rasavadalaMkAra hI alaMkAradappaNakAra kA 'rasika' alaMkAra hai| unakA preyo'laMkAra hI alaMkAradappaNa kA premAtizaya alaMkAra hai, kintu alaMkAradappaNa kA UrjA alaMkAra bhAmaha aura daNDI ke UrjAsvi alaMkAra se bhinna hai, phira bhI isameM samAhita alaMkAra daNDI aura bhAmaha kI taraha hai / upamArUpaka alaMkAra bhAmaha tathA daNDI ke samAna alaMkAradappaNakAra ko bhI mAnya hai| ise paravartI AlaMkArika nahIM svIkAra karate haiN| prativastUpamAlaMkAra bhI alaMkAradappaNakAra kI dRSTi se bhAmaha aura daNDI kI taraha upamA kA hI bheda hai, paravartI AlaMkArikoM ne usakI sattA svatantra alaMkAra ke rUpa meM mAnI hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki alaMkAradappaNakAra kI mAnyatAe~ prAcIna AcArya bhAmaha aura daNDI se hI sAmya rakhatI haiN| unakA yaha kahanA ki - accatasundaraM pi hu niralaMkAraM jaNammi kIraMtaM / (3) kAvya meM alaMkAroM kI nirvivAdarUpa se pradhAnatA sUcita karatA hai / isase grantha kI prAcInatA kAhI saMketa milatA hai jaisA ki alaMkAra sarvasvakAra AcArya ruyyaka kA kathana hai tadalaMkArA eva kAvye pradhAnamiti prAcAM matam / yaha to sunizcita hai ki grantha navama zatAbdI se bAda kA nahIM ho sakatA kyoM ki rasa ko dhvani na mAnakara alaMkAra hI mAnanA isa bAta kA saMketa hai| bhAmaha aura daNDI kI mAnyatAoM se alaMkAradappaNakAra kI samAnatA aura paravartI AlaMkArikoM se prAyaH asamAnatA isa tarka ko puSTa karatA hai ki alaMkAradappaNa grantha lagabhaga sAtavIM zatAbdI kAhI ho sakatA hai| grantha kI kevala kArikA baddha rUpa meM saMracanA bhI ise prAcIna banAtI hai kyoMki bhAmaha, daNDI, udgama, rudraTa ke grantha kArikAbaddha hI haiM, jabaki paravartI AlaMkArikoM kI racanAeM kArikA aura vRtti meM racita haiN| prophesara surezacandra pANDe pUrva AcArya evaM adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, ilAhAbAda vizvavidyAlaya, ilAhAbAda /

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alaMkAradappaNa sundara-paa-viNNAsaM vimalAlaMkAra vvaM rehia sarIraM / sui-deviaM ca kavvaM ca paNavia pavara vaNNaDDe / / 1 / / sundarapada-vinyAsAM vimalAlaMkArazobhita-zarIrAm / zrutidevIM ca kAvyaM ca praNamya pravaravarNADhyAm / / 1 / / alaMkAra kA lakSaNa sundara padavinyAsa vAle (kAvya ke bhavya zabdavinyAsa aura zrutidevatA sarasvatI ke sundaracaraNanyAsa) nirdoSa upamAdi aMlakAroM se zobhita kalevara vAle (zrutidevI pakSa-nirmala AbharaNoM se suzobhita zarIra vAlI) zreSTha akSaroM se sampanna (zrutidevI pakSa-zreSTha kAnti se sampanna) kAvya ko evaM vAgdevI ko praNAma karake savvAiM kavvAiM savvAiM jeNa hoMti bhviaaii| tamalaMkAraM bhaNimo'laMkAraM ku-kavi-kavvANaM / / 2 / / sarvANi kAvyAni avyANi yena bhavanti bhavyAni / tamalaMkAraM bhaNAmo'laMkAraM kukavi-kAvyAnAm / / 2 / / jisase sabhI zravya kAvya sundara bana jAte haiM aura jo kukaviyoM ke kAvyoM ko bhI alaMkRta kara dete haiM aise alaMkAroM ko hama kahate haiN| accaMta-sundaraM-pi hu niralaMkAraM jaNammi kIraMtaM / kAmiNi-muhaM va kavvaM hoi pasaNNaM pi vicchAaM / / 3 / / atyanta-sundaramapi khalu niralaGkAraM jane kriyamANam / kAminI-mukhamiva kAvyaM bhavati prasannamapi vicchAyam / / 3 / / jisa prakAra logoM ke samakSa pradarzita prasanna aura atyanta sundara bhI kAminI kA mukha alaMkAra rahita hone se niSprabha lagatA hai usI prakAra prasAdaguNa yukta bhI kAvya logoM ke samakSa par3hA jAtA huA upamAdi alaMkAra rahita hone se phIkA lagatA hai| TippaNI - alaMkAradappaNa kA racayitA kAvya meM alaMkAroM ko hI mukhya saundaryAdhAyaka tattva mAnatA hai / usakI dRSTi meM guNoM kI apekSA alaMkAroM kA honA adhika mahattva rakhatA hai| yaha vicAra rAjA bhoja ke mata ke ThIka viparIta hai jo kahate haiM - aMlakRtamapi zravyaM na kAvyaM guNavarjitam / guNayogastayormukhyo guNAlaMkArayogayoH / / sarasvatIkANThAbharaNa alaMkAroM kI pradhAnatA prAcIna AlaMkArika AcArya bhAmaha ko bhI mAnya thii| unakI dRSTi meM kAminI kA kAnta mukha bhI alaMkArazUnya hone se acchA nahIM lagatA

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alaMkAradappaNa "na kAntamapi nirbhUSaM vibhAti vanitAnanam' (kaavyaalNkaar)| paravartI AlaMkArika AcArya Anandavardhana kI mAnyatA isake viparIta hai| unake anusAra jisa prakAra aMganA kA saundaryAdhAyaka tattva lAvaNya hotA hai, alaMkAra nahIM, usI prakAra kAvya kA saundarya vyaGgayArtha meM hotA hai, vAcyArtha meM nhiiN| pratIyamAnaM punaranyadeva vastvasti vANISu mhaakviinaam| yattatprasiddhAvayavAtiriktaM vibhAti laavnnymivaanggnaasu| dhvanyAloka 1/4 / / tA jANiUNa NiuNaM lakkhijjai bahu-vihe alaMkAre / jehiM alaMkAriAiM bahu maNNijjati kavvAiM / / 4 / / tat jJAtvA nipuNaM lakSyante bahuvidhA alaMkArAH / yairalaGkRtA bahu manyante kAvyAni / / acchI taraha samajhakara aneka prakAra ke una alaMkAroM ke lakSaNa diye jAte haiM jina alakAroM se alaMkRta kAvya bahuta Adara pAte haiM / alaMkAroM ke nAma kramaza: uvamA-rUvaa-dIvaa-rohANuppAsa-aisaa-visesA (sN)| akkheva-jAi-vairea-rasia-pajjAa bhaNiAu / / 5 / / upamA rUpaka-dIpaka-rodhAnuprAsAtizaya-vizeSA / AkSepa-jAti-vyatireka-rasika-paryAyA bhaNitAH / / 5 / / upamA, rUpaka, dIpaka, rodha, anuprAsa, atizaya, vizeSa, AkSepa, jAti, vyatireka, rasika, paryAya, kahe gae haiM / ukta alaMkAroM meM 'rodha' tathA 'rasika' ye do nae alaMkAra mAne gae haiN| jahAsaMkha-samAhia-viroha-saMsaa-vibhAvaNA-bhAvA / atyantaraNAso-aNNa-pariaro taha sahottia / / 6 / / (yathAsaMkhyasamAhitavirodhasaMzayavibhAvanAbhAvAH arthAntaranyAso'nyaparikarastathA sahokti ca / / 6 / / yathAsaMkhya, samAhita, virodha saMzaya, vibhAvanA, bhAva, arthAntaranyAsa, anyaparikara aura shokti| ujjA-avaNhavaio pemmAisao udatta-pariattA / davyuttara-kiriuttara-guNuttarA-bahu-silesA a / / 7 / /

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alaMkAradappaNa 'UrjApahava-itaH premAtizaya udAttaparivRttAH / dravyottarakriyottaraguNottarAH bahuzleSAzca / / 7 / / UrjA, apahrava, premAtizaya, udAtta, parivRtta (parivRttiH) dravyottara, kriyottara, guNottara aneka prakAra ke zleSa alaMkAra / bavaesa-thuI (i) samajoiA-ia-apatthu appasaMsA / aNumANamAariso upekkhA taha a saMsiTThI / / 8 / / vyapadezastutiH samayogitA ita aprastutaprazaMsA ca / anumAnamAdarza utprekSA tathA ca saMsRSTiH / / 8 / / vyapadezastuti (vyAjastuti), samayogitA (tulyayogitA), aprastutaprazaMsA, anumAna, Adarza, utprekSA aura saMsRSTiH / AsIsA uvamArUvaA ca jANai NiarisiNaM taha a| upekkhA vaavo bhea-valia-jamaehi saMjuttA / / 9 / / AzIrupamA rUpakaM ca jAnIta nidarzanaM tathA ca / utprekSA ca uddhedavalitayamakaiH saMyuktA / / 9 / / AzISa, upamArUpaka, nidarzana, utprekSA udbheda, valita aura yamaka alaMkAra ko jaano| ettia mittA ee kavvesu paDiDiA alaMkArA / ahiA uvakkameNaM vIsAo doNNi saMkhAu / / 10 / / etAvanmAtrA ete kAvyeSu pratiSThitA alaMkArAH / abhihitA upakrameNa viMzatI dve saMkhyAtAH / / 10 / / kAvyoM meM itane (pUrvokta) hI alaMkAra pratiSThita aura svIkRta haiM jo kramAnusAra saMkhyA meM cAlIsa haiM / unakA kramaza: varNana kiyA jaayegaa| upamA alaMkAra uvamANeNaM jA desa-kAla-kiriAvaroha-paDieNaM / uvameassa sarisaM lahai guNeNaM khu sA uvamA / / 11 / / upamAnena yA dezakAlakriyAvarodhapratIpena / upameyasya sadRzatAM labhate guNena khalu sA upamA / / 11 / / 1. "Urjazabdo'dantaH sAntazca' rAmAzrayI TIkA

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alaMkAradappaNa jahA~ dezakAla aura kriyA ke anusAra bhinna svarUpa upamAna ke sAtha upameya kA guNamUlaka sAdRzya prApta hotA hai vaha upamA alaMkAra hai| yahA~ para alaMkAradappaNakAra gaNasAmya ko upamA kA AdhAra mAnate haiN| zabdasAmyamUlaka upamA ko ve eka alaga alaMkAra mAnate haiM jise upamAzleSa kahate haiM / unakA yaha upamAlakSaNa AcArya bhAmaha ke upamAlakSaNa se sAmya rakhatA hai| AcArya bhAmaha kA lakSaNa hai - viruddhena upamAnena dezakAlakriyAdibhiH / upameyasya yatsAmyaM guNalezena sopamA ||kaavyaalNkaar 2/30 / / paDivatyU guNakaliA asamA mAlA a viguNarUvA a / saMpuNNA guDhA saMkhalA-silesA a dara-vialA / / 12 / / prativastu guNakalitA asamA mAlA ca viguNarUpA ca / sampUrNA gUDhA zRkhalA zleSA ca daravikalA / / 12 / / ekka-kkamA pasaMsA tallicchA priMdiA aisaA a / sui-miliA taha a viappiA a sattaraha uvamAo / / 13 / / ekakramA, prazaMsA tallipsA ninditA atizayA ca / zrutimilitA tathA vikalpitA ca saptadaza upamAH / / 13 / / prativastu, guNakalitA, asamA, mAlA, viguNarUpA, sampUrNA, gUDhA, zRGgalA, zleSA, daravikalA, ekakramA (anyonyA), prazaMsA, tallipsA, ninditA, atizayA, zrutimilitA tathA vikalpitA-ye upamA ke satraha bheda haiM / isake anantara upamA ke bhedoM ke lakSaNa udAharaNa dete hue granthakAra sarvaprathama prativastUpamA kA vivecana karatA hai / prativastUpamA alaMkAra kA lakSaNa paDivatyUe-sA uvamA jA hoi samANa-vatthu-rUA a / Dava-miva-pivAi-rahiA vi-sarisa-guNapaaae aahinto||14|| prativastu eSA upamA yA bhavati samAnavasturUpA ca / / iva miva pivAdirahitApi sadRzaguNapratyayebhyaH / / 14 / / prativastUpamA vaha hotI hai jo samAna guNajJAna ke kAraNa iva, miva, piva, Adi vAcaka zabdoM se rahita hotI huI bhI asamAna guNoM ke hote hue bhI samAna vasturUpA hotI hai| granthakAra ne prativastapamA ko AcArya daNDI tathA bhAmaha ke samAna hI upamA kA eka bheda mAnA hai, mammaTAdi anya AcArya ise eka bhinna alaMkAra mAnate haiM, alaMkAradappaNa kA prativastupamA lakSaNa daNDI ke lakSaNa se sAmya rakhatA hai| daNDI ne prativastUpamA kA yaha lakSaNa diyA hai -

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alaMkAradappaNa vastu kiMcidupanyasya nyasanaM tatsadharmaNaH / sAmyapratItirastIti AcArya bhAmaha kA yaha lakSaNa hai prativastUpamA yathA / / kAvyAda. II / 46 samAna vastunyAsena yathevAnabhidhAne'pi AcArya mammaTa ne prativastUpamA kA yaha lakSaNa diyA hai - prativastUpamocyate / guNasAmyapratItitaH / / kAvyAlaM. II / 34 "sAmAnyasya dvirekasya yatra vAkyadvaye sthitiH / " eka hI sAmAnya dharma kA do vAkyoM meM bhinnarUpa se kathana karane para prativastUpamA hotI hai / isa alaMkAra meM ivAdi upamAvAcaka zabdoM kA prayoga nahIM hone se sAmya vAcya na hokara pratIyamAna hotA hai / paDivatthUvamA jahA (prativastUpamA yathA ) saMpatta-tivagga suhA thovA puhavI- a hoMti NaraNAhA / mahura-phalA (ya) sakusumA siNiddha - pattA tarU viralA / / 15 / / saMprAptatrivargasukhAH stokAH pRthivyAM bhavanti naranAthAH / madhuraphalAzca sakusumAH snigdhapatrAstaravo viralAH / / 15 / / 5 isa pRthvI meM trivarga (dharma, artha, kAma ) kA sukha prApta karane vAle rAjA kama hI hote haiM / madhura phalavAle, puSpoM se yukta tathA cikane pattoM vAle vRkSa virala hote haiN| yahA~ para do vAkyArtha haiM aura donoM meM paraspara upamA gamya hai| donoM vAkyArthoM meM sAmAnya dharma eka hI hai kintu bhinna zabdoM meM kahA gayA hai| prathama vAkyArtha kA dharma hai "stokAH" tathA dvitIya vAkyArtha kA dharma hai 'virlaaH'| donoM samAnArthaka hote hue bhI bhinna zabdoM dvArA kahe gae haiN| guNakalitA tathA asamA upamA kA lakSaNa guNakaliA sA bhaNNai guNehiM dohi pi sarisaA jattha / uvameo kira jIo uvamANaM hoi sA asamA / / 16 / / guNakalitA sA bhaNyate guNairdvayorapi sadRzatA yatra / upameyaH kila jayatyupamAnaM bhavati sA asamA / / 16 / / kalitA upamA vaha kahI jAtI hai jahA~ guNoM ke kAraNa donoM meM sAdRzya hotA hai, asamA upamA vaha hai jahA~ upameya upamAna ko jIta letA hai, arthAt upameya ke sammukha koI upamAna TikatA hI nahIM / yahA~ para asamA upamA kA lakSaNa AcArya daNDI ke 'AsAdhAraNopamA' se sAmya rakhatA hai / daNDI kA asAdhAraNepamA kA lakSaNa udAharaNa yaha hai -

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alaMkAradappaNa candrAravindayoH kakSyAmatikramya mukhaM tava / AtmanaivAbhavat tulyamityasAdhAraNopamA / / kAvyAda. 2/ 37 // guNakaliA jahA (guNakalitA yathA) caMpaa-laivva Nava- kusuma-sundarA sahai viMjha- kaDaivva / vaccha-tthalammi - lacchI tamAla-NIle mahu- mahassa / / 17 / / campakalateva navakusumasundarI zobhate vindhyakaTa' iva / vakSaHsthale lakSmI: tamAlanIle 6 madhumathasya / / 17 / / navakusuma se sundara campakalatA ke samAna zobhita vindhyAcala kI kaTi ke samAna madhumathana (viSNu) ke tamAlanIla vakSaH sthala meM lakSmI zobhita hotI hai| yahA~ para vindhyAcala kA navakusumasundara kaTipradeza upamAna hai tathA madhumathana kA lakSmI se adhiSThita vakSa:sthala upameya hai / donoM meM guNasAmya ke kAraNa guNakalitA upamA hai asamA jahA (asamA yathA) joNhA Nimmala - lAaNNa- pasara- ciMca 'ia sayalabhuaNA i / tuha tujjha vva kisoari ! samANarUA jae Natthi / / 18 / / jyotsnAnirmalalAvaNyaprasAra ciMcaia sakalabhuvanA / tava taveva kRzodari samAnarUpA jagati nAsti / / 18 / / he kRzAdari ! tuma cA~danI ke samAna nirmala lAvaNya ke prasAra se samasta bhuvana ko maNDita karane vAlI ho, tumhAre samAnarUpa vAlI saMsAra meM (anya) nahIM hai / yahA~ para kRzodarI' upameya hai| usake sadRza koI bhI upamAna na hone ke kAraNa vaha upameya upamAna vijayI hai, ataH yahA~ asamopamAlaMkAra hai / AcArya mammaTa ke anusAra yahA~ upamAnaluptA upamAlaMkAra hai / mAlopamA tathA dviguNopamA kA lakSaNa sA mAlA uvamANANa jatya vivihANa hoI richolI' / viuNa sarisovamA jA viNimmiA sA mAlA upamAnAnAM yatra vividhAnAM viguNasadRzopamAyAM vinirmitA viuNarUa tti / / 19 / / bhavatyAvalikA / viguNarUpeti / / 19 / / 1. " gajagaNDakaTI karaTau" amarakoSa / kaTa zabda kaTi kA bhI vAcaka hai / 2. 'ciMcaia' dezIzabda hai / isakA artha maNDita yA vibhUSita hai / "ciMcaio maNDita iti tu maNDidhAtvAdeze siddham " dezInAmamAlA 3 / 13 3. richolI dezI zabda hai / isakA artha hai paMkti / draSTavya dezInAmamAlA 7/7

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alaMkAradappaNa G jahA~ (eka upameya ke liye) vividha upamAnoM kI paMkti ho vahA~ mAlopamA hotI hai aura jahA~ dvividha sAdRzyamUlaka upamA hotI hai vahA~ dviguNarUpA upamA kahI jAtI hai / mAlovamA jahA (mAlopamA yathA) hari - vacchaM va sukamalaM gaaNaM va bhamanta- sUra sacchAaM / sAara-jalaM va kari-maara - sohiaM tuha ghara-ddAraM / / 20 / / harivakSa iva sukamalaM gaganamiva bhramatsUrasacchAyam / (bhramacchUrasacchAyam) sAgarajalamiva karimakarazobhitaM tava gRhadvAram / / 20 / / jisa prakAra hari (viSNu) kA vakSaHsthala zobhana kamalase yukta hai, AkAza jaise (AkAza meM) bhramaNa karate hue sUrya kI kAntivAlA hai usI prakAra tumhAre ghara kA dvAra zobhanakamala puSpoM vAlA, ghUmate hue zUroM kI kAntivAlA hai aura jaise sAgara kA jala hAthI aura makaroM se suzobhita hai usI prakAra tumhArA dvAra hAthiyoM tathA makara (nidhi vizeSa ) se zobhita hai| yahA~ para gRhadvAra upameya hai| usake liye tIna upamAna hai - harivakSa, gagana aura sAgarajala / isa prakAra yahA~ eka upameya ke lie tIna upamAnoM kI paMkti ke kAraNa mAlopamA hai / isameM sAdhAraNa dharma zabdamUlaka hai, isa prakAra granthakAra ne guNasAmya aura kriyA sAmya kI taraha zabda sAmya ko bhI upamA kA prayojaka mAnA hai| viuNarUvovamA jahA - ( dviguNarUpopamA yathA ) NivvAvArikaa- bhuaNamaMDalo sUra NAsia pahAo / gAha ! paosavva tumaM pAusa - sarisattaNaM vahasi / / 21 / / nirvyApArIkRtabhuvanamaNDalaH (nivyApArIkRtabhuvanamaNDalaH) sUranAzitapratApaH / nAtha ! pradoSa iva tvaM prAvaTsadRzatvaM vahasi / / 21 / / he nAtha ! Apa bhUmaNDala ko kriyAzUnya karane vAlI, sUrya ke tApa ko naSTa karane vAlI rAtri ke tathA varSA Rtu ke samAna Apa pApI zatru se bhUNDala ko vihIna karane vAle aura zUra zatruoM ke pratApa ko bhI naSTa karane vAle hai / yahA~ bhUmaNDala ko vyApArarUpa guNa se rahita karane ke kAraNa tathA sUrya kA pratApa tathA zUroM kA parAkrama rUpa guNa naSTa karane ke kAraNa dviguNarUpopamA hai| rAjA ke pakSa meM 1. dhanAdhipatiyoM tathA mandiroM ke toraNadvAra para nidhiyoM ke cihna banAne kI prathA prAcInakAla meM thI, isa prasaMga meM meghadUta kI adholikhita paMktiyA~ draSTavya haiMebhiH sAdho hRdaya nihitairlakSaNairlakSayethA / dvArApAnte likhitavapuSau zaGkhapadmau ca draSTvA // meghadUta 220

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alaMkAradappaNa prathama paMkti kI chAyA hogI- niSpApArIkRtabhuvanamaNDala:- pApA: arayaH iti pAraya: nirgatAH pApAraya: yasmAt tat niSpApAri aniSpApAri niSpApAri kRtam iti niSpApApArIkRtam niSpApApArIkRtaM bhuvanamaNDalaM yena saH / saMpUrNopamA tathA gUDhopamA ke lakSaNa Na hu UNA Na hu ahiA jA jAai sA hu hoI sNpunnnnaa| jA uNa samAsa-lINA sA gUDhA bhaNNae uvamA / / 22 / / na khalu UnA na hu adhikA yA jAyate sA hu bhavati saMpUrNA / yA punaH samAsalInA sA . gUr3hA bhaNyate upamA / / 22 / / ukta kArikA meM saMpUrNopamA tathA gUDhopamA ke lakSaNa diye gae haiM / sampUrNA upamA vaha hotI hai jisameM (upamAna) na to nyUna ho aura na adhika ho / jo upamA samAsayukta ho vaha gUDhopamA hotI hai| saMpuNNA jahA (sampUrNA yathA) sohasi vaaNeNa tumaM keai-kaNNulliA-saNAheNa / kamaleNa vi pAsahiaNa muddhaa (Da)-haMseNa pasaasthi / / 23 / / zobhase vadanena tvaM ketakIkarNikAsanAthena / kamaleneva pArzvasthitena mugdhahasena prazastaH / / 23 / / bhole haMsa se zobhita samIpastha kamala ke sadRza ketakI puSpa ke tAlapatra se yukta mukha se tuma suzobhita ho / yahA~ para ketakI kA tAlapatra lagAe nAyikA kA mukha upameya hai tathA haMsa se yukta kamala upamAna hai / upamAna upameya donoM pakSa na eka dUsare se bar3hakara hai aura na km| ata: saMpUrNopamA hai / 'kaNNulliA' kI chAyA karNikA hai| karNikA kA artha tAlapatra hotA hai| 'karNikA tAlapatraM syAt'-ityamaraH / tAlapatra karNAbharaNa (kanaphUla) ko kahate haiM granthakArakA sampUrNopamA kA svarUpa saMskRta AlaMkArikoM ke lakSaNa se mela nahIM khAta kyoMki saMskRta alaMkArazAstra meM pUrNopamA use kahate haiM jisameM upamA ke cAroM aMgaupamAna,upameya, sAdhAraNa dharma tathA vAcakapada vidyamAna rahate haiM / inameM se eka ke na rahane para luptopamA ho jAtI hai| gUDhovamA jahA (gUDhopamA yathA) kaha pAvihisi kisoari daiaM thaNa-alasa-khea-NIsasiri / raMbhA gambhoara-NiaMba-bhAra-masiNeNa gamaNeNa / / 24 / ' kathaM pratyeSyasi kRzodari dayitaM stanAlasakhedanasazrIke / rambhAgorunitambabhAra masRNena gamanena / / 24 / /

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alaMkAradappaNa he kRzodari ! he stanabhAra se alasAI aura zramayukta kAnti vAlI! kadalIgarbha ke samAna jaMghAbhAra tathA nitambabhAra ke kAraNa manda ramya gati se priya ke pAsa kaise phuNcogii| yahA~ dvitIya paMkti meM cha: padoM kA dIrgha samAsa hone ke kAraNa yaha gUDhopamA hai| zrRMkhalopamA tathA zleSopamA ke lakSaNa uvamA vaehiM uttiM viDi(TTi) raiehiM saMkhalA hoi / uvamijjai uvameo jesiM lesANa sA lesA / / 25 / / upamAvacobhiruktirAvijJiDDiracitaiH zRGkhalA bhavati / upamIyate upameyaM yasmin zleSANAM sA zleSA / / 25 / / jahA~ para vistAra se viracita upamAvacanoM dvArA ukti hotI hai vahA~ zRMkhalopamA hotI hai aura jahA~ zliSTa zabdoM dvArA upameya (varNanIya viSaya) upamita hotA hai vahA~ zleSopamA hotI hai| saMkhalopamA jahA (zrRMkhalopamA yathA) saggassa va kaNaa-girI kaMcaNa-giriNu vva mahiala hou| mahivIDhassa vi bhara-dharaNa-paccalo taha tumaM cea / / 26 / / svargasyeva kanakagiriH kAJcanagireriva mahItalaM bhavatu / mahIpIThasyApi bharadharaNasamarthastathA tvaM caiva / / 26 / / jaise svarga ke bhAra ko sumeru parvata aura sumeruparvata ke bhAra ko pRthvI dhAraNa karatI hai vaise bhArAkrAnta mahItala ke bhI bhAra ko dhAraNa karane meM he rAjan ! tumhIM samartha ho| sumeruparvata ke Upara svarga hai / isIliye sumeruparvata ko 'surAlaya' bhI kahate haiN| 'meruH sumeruhemAdrI ratnasAnu surAlam' ityamaraH ! prastuta zloka meM upamAnoM kI vistRta zrRMkhalA upanibaddha hone ke kAraNa zRMkhalopamAlaMkAra isI alaMkAra se sAmya rakhane vAle alaMkAra ko AcArya daNDI ne mAlopamA alaMkAra kahA hai| usakA udAharaNa hai pUSNyAtapa ivAhrIva pUSA vyonIva vAsaraH / vikramastvayyadhAllakSmImiti mAlopamA matA / / 42 // kAvyArza 2/42 jisa prakAra teja sUrya meM, sUrya dina meM, dina AkAza meM prakAza detA hai usI prakAra zaurya ne ApameM zrI kA AdhAna kiyA hai| granthakAra kA yaha zRGkhalopamAlaMkAra paravartI AcAryoM ke 'razanopamA' alaMkAra ke samAna hai- 'kathitA rshnopmaa| yathordhvamupameyasya yadi syAdupamAnatA' sAhityadarpaNa 10/25

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alaMkAradappaNa lesopamA jahA (zleSopamA yathA) so saMsAro asamo cala pemmo jo jaNo suhao so kiM / bhAsai saMsArAe Nava jo (vvaNavai) Na richolI / / 27 / / sa saMsAro'samazcalapremA yo janaH subhagaH saH kim / bhAsate saMsAre navayauvanavatInAmAvalikA / / 27 / / saH saMsAro'samo'calapremA yo janaH subhagaH sa kim / bhAsate . saMsAre navayauvanavatInAmAvAlikA / / 27 / / saMsAra bar3A viSama hai / jo acala prema vAlA hai kyA vaha bhAgyazAlI hai kyoMki saMsAra meM navayauvanavatI striyoM kI paMkti hI dikhAI detI hai / 'daravikalA' tathA 'ekakramA' upamA kA lakSaNa susarisamA pakhevaM vialai sacceva hoi daravialA / ekkakkamovamANehiM hoi ekkakkamA NAma / / 28 / / surasaritsamA prakSepaM vicalati saiva bhavati daravicalA / ekakramopamAnaiH bhavatyekakramA nAma / / 28 / / jo acchI nadI ke samAna usameM pheMkI gaI vastu ko thor3A vicalita kara detI hai vahI daravicalA (daravikalA) upamA hotI hai aura eka krama se upanibaddha upamAnoM se ekakramopamA hotI hai| daravialA jahA (daravikalA yathA) pINasthaNI sarUA paha-pesia-loaNA sa-ukkaMThA / lihiya-vva dAra-laggA Na calai tuha daMsaNAsAe / / 29 / / pInastanI sarUpA pathapreSitalocanA sotkaNThA / likhiteva dvAralagnA na calati tava darzanAzAyai / / 29 / / tumhAre darzana kI AzA ke kAraNa dvAra para khar3I pInastanI, rUpavatI mArga meM A~kheM vichAe huI, utkaNThita (nAyikA) dvAra para citralikhita ke samAna nahIM calatI arthAt nizcala bhAva se pratIkSA kara rahI hai| yahA~ para citralikhita ke samAna nAyikA ko batAyA gayA hai| sAmya kevala nAyikA ke nizcala bhAva kA hI hai anya pInastanatva, utkaNThAtva, preSitalocanatva Adi kA nhiiN| ata: yaha daravikalA upamA hai / dara kA artha hai 'bhaya' yA thor3A (ISat), vikala kA artha hai mlAna, avasanna, sphUrtihIna ityaadi| isa prakAra daravikalA kA zAbdika artha hai bhaya ke kAraNa mlAna athavA ISat avasanna / aisI sthiti meM ukta zloka meM apane priya kI pratIkSA karatI huI nAyikA kI upamA hai / isaliye nAyikA kI avasthA vizeSa ke anusAra bhI daravikalA' upamA nAma diyA gayA hai|

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alaMkAradappaNa ekakkamA jahA (ekakramA yathA) - ekakkama sarisAo tuha prakRti vimale dve api vibudhajanayoH ekakramasadRzI tava kIrti: tridazasaricca / / paai vimalAo doNi vi vibuhajaNe (hiM) NivvuI karAo a kittI tiasa sariA a / / 30 / / nirvRtikare ca / 11 prakRtyA nirmala, devatAoM aura vidvajjanoM donoM ke liye Ananda dene vAlI tumhArI kIrti aura surasarit (AkAza gaMgA) eka samAna hai / ekkakkama yA ekkekkama kA artha hai 'paraspara' (draSTavya pAiasaddamahaNNavo) aisA artha karane para bhAvArtha yaha hogA - tumhArI aura devatAoM kI kIrti paraspara nirvRti pradAna karane vAlI hai / yahA~ para rAjA kI kIrti upameya hai aura devatAoM kI kIrti upamAna / donoM meM paraspara nirvRtikaratva hone se yaha ekakramopamAlaMkAra hai / nindAprazaMsopamA tathA tallipsopamA kA lakSaNa 1 NiMdAe salahijjai uvameo jattha sA pasaMsatti / aNuharai aisaNaM jA sa ccia hoi tallicchA / / 31 / / nindayA zlAghyate upameyaM yatra sA prazaMseti / anuharatyatizayena yA saiva bhavati tallipsA / / 31 / / jahA~ nindita upamAna se upameya kI prazaMsA kI jAtI hai vaha nindA prazaMsopamA hai aura jahA~ upameya upamAna kA atizaya anukaraNa karatA hai vaha tallipsA upamA hai / NiMdApasaMsA jahA ( nindAprazaMsA yathA) tuha saMDhassa va Naravara bhujjai bhiccehiM pAaDA lacchI / hiaAI kAarassa va vaaNijja bhaeNa osarai / / 32 / / tava SaNDasyeva naravara bhujyate bhRtyaiH prAkRtA lakSmIH / hRdayAni kAtarasyeva vacanIyabhayena apasarati / / 32 / / he rAjan ! napuMsaka kI lakSmI ke samAna ApakI naisargika lakSmI kA upabhoga bhRtyagaNa kara rahe haiM / kAyara ke hRdaya ke samAna (lakSmI) nindA ke bhaya se dUra haTatI hai| yahA~ para rAjA kI lakSmI kA napuMsaka kI lakSmI se sAdRzya dikhAne ke kAraNa nindA hai kintu bhRtyagaNoM ke dvArA rAjA kI dhanasampatti kA upabhoga kiyA jAnA rAjA kI udAratA kA dyotaka hone se prazaMsA hai / ataH yaha nindA prazaMsopamA hai| AcArya daNDI ne nindopamA tathA prazaMsopamA- ye upamA ke pRthak bheda mAne haiN| unake udAharaNa haiM -

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12 alaMkAradappaNa padmaM bahurajazcandraH kSayI tAbhyAM tavAnanam / samAnamapi sotsekamiti nindopamA smRtA / / kAvyAda. 2/30 / / brahmaNopyuddhavaH padmazcandraH zambhuzirodhRtaH / tau tulyau tvanmukheneti sA prazaMsopamocyate ||kaavyaad. 2/31 / / alaMkAradappaNakAra ke nindAprazaMsopamA ko hama 'vyAjastuti' alaMkAra meM antarbhUta nahIM kara sakate kyoMki vyAjastuti meM nindA vAcya hone para stuti vyaMgya hotI hai athavA isakA viparyaya bhI ho sakatA hai kintu yahA~ para ApAtataH nindApratIti hotI huI bhI pAryAntika rUpa se prazaMsA hI vAcya hotI hai / bharata ke nATyazAstra meM kevala cAra kAvyAlaMkAra mAne gae haiM- upamA, dIpaka, rUpaka, aura yamaka / inameM se bharata ne upamA ke pA~ca bheda mAne haiM- prazaMsA, nindA, kalpitA, sadRzI aura kiJcitsadRzI / / prazaMsA caiva nindA ca kalpitA sadRzI tathA / kiJcicca sadRzI jJeyA jhupamA paJcadhA punaH ||naa.shaa.16/50 prazaMsopamA kA udAharaNa isa prakAra hai - dRSTvA tu tAM vizAlAkSI tutoSa manujAdhipaH / munibhiH sAdhitAM kRcchrAt siddhiM mUrtimatImiva / / nATyazAstra meM nindA upamA kA udAharaNa - sA taM sarvaguNairhInaM sasvaje karkazacchavim / vane kaNThagataM vallI dAvadagdhamiva drumam / / 16/52 kalpitopamA kA udAharaNa - kSaranto dAnasalilaM lIlAmantharagAminaH / mataGgajA virAjante jaGgamA iva parvatAH / / 16/53 alaMkAradappaNakAra nindAprazaMsopamA ke vivecana meM nATyazAstra ke upamAvivecana se prabhAvita hai| tallicchovamA jahA (tallipsopamA yathA) pAusa-NisAsu sohai jalappahANehi pUriA puhaI / cala-vijju-valaya-vADaNa-NivaDiakhaNatta-sarisehiM / / 33 / / prAvaDnizAsu zobhate jalapASANaiH pUritA pRthvI / cala vidyudvalayapATananipatita khaNakhaNAyitasadRzaiH / / 34 / / caMcala vidyudpI kaMkaNa ke TUTane se gira kara khanakhana zabda karate hue ke samAna - 1. "vA puMsi padyaM nalinam' ityamarakoSAt padmazabdasya puMstvam /

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alaMkAradappaNa 13 varase hue oloM (jalapASANoM) se pUrita pRthvI varSAkAla kI rAtoM meM zobhita ho rahI hai / nindopamA tathA atizayitopamA kA lakSaNa uvameo NaM priMdijjai thui-vavaeseNaM jattha sA jiMdA / aisaa-bhaNiA sa ccia aisa (i) A bhaNNae uvamA / / 34 / / upameyaM nindyate stutivyapadezena yatra sA nindA / atizayabhaNitA saiva atizayitA bhaNyate upamA / / 34 / / prazaMsA ke vyAja se jahA~ upameya kI nindA kI jAtI hai vaha ninditopamA hai aura jahA~ upameya kA atizaya kathana hotA hai vaha atizayitopamA hai| yahA~ nindatopamA meM pUrvokta nindApraMzasopamA ke ThIka viparIta kathana hai| nindAprazaMsA meM nindA ke vyapadeza se prazaMsA kA kathana hai tathA nindatopamA meM stuti ke vyapadeza se nindA kA kathana hotA hai / pUrvokta alaMkAra meM prazaMsA tathA dUsare meM nindA hI paryavasAyI artha hotA hai| suaNiMdovamA jahA (zrutanindopamA yathA) taMbola-rAa-miliaMjaNeNa ahareNa sohasi paose / darapari (Ni) Naa jaMbUhalakanti sariseNa pihu atyi / / 35 / / tAmbUlarAgamilitAJjanena adhareNa zobhase pradoSe / darapariNitajambUphalakAntisadRzenApi khalvasti / / 35 / / sandhyAkAla meM tuma pAna kI raktimA se lipta adharoSTha se suzobhita ho rahI ho / tumhArA vaha adhara thor3A pake hue jAmuna ke phala kI kAnti ke sadRza kAnti vAlA bhI ho rahA hai| yahA~ para yadi rakta adhara kI upamA bimbaphala se dI gaI hotI to adhara kI vAstavika zobhA hotI / jambUphala ISad kAlimA se yukta hone ke kAraNa raktAdhAra kA samIcIna upamAna na hone se ninditA upamA hai, raktakRSNa jAmuna ke phala ke sAtha sAdRzya sthApita karane ke liye adhara ko tAmbUla rAga se saMpRkta kajjala kI kAnti se yukta batAkara upameya ko kiMcit nindanIya stara para pahuMcA diyaa| nindita upamAna se upameya bhI nindita ho gayA / isI se milatA-julatA alaMkAra vyAjanindA alaMkAra bhI hai / jisakA kuvalayAnanda meM yaha lakSaNa hai - - nindAyA nindayA vyaktirvyAjanindeti gIyate |-kuv0 72 // vidhe sa nindyo yaste prAgekamevAharacchiraH / / 72 / / nindopamA kA kAvyAdarza meM yaha udAharaNa hai - padmaM bahurajacandraH kSayI tAbhyAM tavAnanam / samAnamapi sotsekamiti nindopamA smRtA / / 2 / 30 / /

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14 alaMkAradappaNa aisaiya uvamA jahA (atizayitopamA yathA) joNhA-bhaa-saraNAgaa-timira-samUhahiM Nijjia miaMkaM / sevijjai vaaNaM sAsa-gandha-luddhehiM bhasalehiM / / 36 / / jyotsnAbhayazaraNAgatatimirasamUhaiH nirjitamRgAGkam / / sevyate vadanaM zvAsagandhalubdhaiH bhramaraiH / / 36 / / (nAyikA ke) zvAsa ke saurabha ke lobhI bhramaragaNa candramA ko jItane vAle nAyikAmukha kA sevana kara rahe haiM / ve bhramaragaNa cA~danI ke bhaya se zaraNAgata andhakAra samUha ke sadRza haiM / yahA~ para bhramaragaNa upameya haiM usakA sAdRzya timira samUha se dikhAyA gayA hai / sadRza, tulyAdi zabdoM ke abhAva se vAcakaluptA upamA hai / saurabha ke lobha se nAyikA ke mukhamaNDala para bhramararAzi kA maMDarAnA tathA use jyotsnA ke bhaya se zaraNAgata andhakAra rAzi batAnA atizayatA kA janaka hone se atizayaupamA (atizayitopamA) hai| atizayopamA ko AcArya daNDI ne bhI upamAbheda rUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai| unhoMne udAharaNa dvArA hI use samajhAyA hai / unakA udAharaNa hai tvayyeva tvanmukhaM dRSTaM dRzyate divi candramAH / ityeva bhidA nAnyetyasAvatizayopamA / / kAvyAdarza 2/22 TIkAkAra ne ise isa prakAra samajhAyA hai - upamAnopameyayo: guNakriyAdibhiH mahatyapi bhede kiMcidabhedapradarzanapuraHsaraM nAnyo bheda iti abhinnAdhyavasAnena upameyasya guNakriyAtizayo varNito bhavati, ata atishyopmo| zrutimilitA tathA ekavikalpitA aura anekavikalpitA upamA kA lakSaNa jA sarisaehiM vajjhai saddehiM sA hu hoi sui-miliaa| ekkANikka-viappaNa-bheeNa viappiA duvihA / / 37 / / yA sadRzai barbAdhyate zabdaiH sA bhavati zrutimilitA / ekAnekavikalpanabhedena vikalpitA dvividhA / / 37 / / jo sadRza Adi zabdoM se rahita hotI hai vaha zrutimilitA upamA hai aura jo eka yA aneka vikalpoM se yukta hai vaha vikalpitA upamA hotI hai| bharatamuni ne upamA ke cAra bhedoM meM kalpitopamA nAmaka bheda svIkAra kiyA hai| suimiliuvamA jahA - zrutimilitopamA kA udAharaNa isa prakAra hai - dahaNa parakalattaM chandA vaDiaM maNoharaM kavvaM / khijjai khalo viaMbhai dUsai dosaM apecchanto / / 38 / / 1. vaDiaM = gRhItam - pAiasaimahaNNavo /

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alaMkAradappaNa dRSTvA parakalatraM chandaH patitaM (chandogRhIta) manoharaM kAvyam / khidyate khalo vijRmbhate dUSayati doSamaprekSamANaH / / 38 / / / dUsare kI chanda:patita (vazaMvadA) tathA manohara strI ko dekhakara duSTa puruSa khinna hote haiM jaise chandobaddha manogrAhI kAvya ko dekhakara khalajana (kAvya meM) doSa na dekhatA haA bhI doSa nikAlatA hai aura (usake prati aruci ke kAraNa) a~bhAI letA hai / yahA~ para parakalatra upamAna hai aura kAvya upameya / donoM meM khedana rUpa sAdhAraNa dharma hai / sadRzAdi upamAvAcaka ke abhAva meM yaha zrutimilitA upamA hai| ekkattha-viappiovamA jahA - (ekatra vikalpitopamA yathA) paribhamaNa-vai-Nivuccia saMpIDia-bahala reNuNi acchaA / Nahasu aNaDa vaMsA iva vAAvattA muNijjate / / 39 / / paribhramaNa vRttayA nivRttasaMpIDitabahalareNunicayAH vaa| nabhaHsa jAravyaMsakA (jAravaMzA) eva vAtAvartA manyante / / 39 / / vAtyAcakra (vAtAvartta, bavaNDara) catura jAroM kI taraha laga rahe haiM, jo paribhramaNa vRtti vAle tathA prabhUta dhUlirAzi ko apane meM sameTe hue haiN| yahA~ para paribhramaNavRttitA tathA rajoguNavRttitA ke kAraNa vAtyAcakra kI catura jAroM ke sAtha upamA dI jA rahI hai / jAra rajoguNIsvabhAva vAle hone ke kAraNa paribhramaNazIla hote haiM tathA vAtyAcakra meM dhUlirAzi maNDalAkAra ghUmatI dikhAI detI hai| bahuhA viappiuvamA jahA -(bahudhA vikalpitopamA yathA) sUrammi dAva jalaNe vva voliu NahaalaM vaarasaM va / pacchima (di) NisiareNa va tameNa kasiNIka saalaM / / 40 / / sUrye tAvajjala iva brUDito nabhazcaraM vAyasamiva / pazcimanizicareNa iva tamasA kRSNIkRtaM sakalam / / 40 / / sUrya ke (pazcimI) samudrajala meM DUba jAne para (arthAt asta ho jAne para) pazcima dizA ke nizAcara ke samAna andhakAra ne AkAzacArI kauve ke samAna sabhI ko kAlA banA diyA hai / yahA~ para kRSNatA kI vAyasa tathA nizAcara ina aneka upamAnoM ke rUpa meM kalpanA kiye jAne se bahudhAvikalpitopamA hai| uvamAlakkhaNaM samattaM - upamAlakSaNaM samAptam / upamAlaMkAra kA lakSaNa samApta huaa| 1. abhiprAyavazau chando-amara. 2. 'ANaDo aNADo aviNayavaro trayopyamI jArArthA' dezI0 1/12

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16 alaMkAradappaNa rUpaka alaMkAra uvamANeNuvameassa jaM ca rUvijjao vi rUvi khu / davva guNa sammaaM taM bhaNanti iha rUvaaM kaiNo / / 41 / / upamAnenopameyasya yacca rUpyate (rUpyamAne)api rUpitaM khalu / dravyaguNasammattaM tad bhaNanti iha rUpakaM kavayaH / / 41 / / jahA~ para upameya kA upamAna se dravya guNa sammata (abheda) nirUpita kiyA jAtA hai use kavigaNa rUpaka alaMkAra kahate haiM / rUpita kA artha upamAna hai aura rUpyamAna upameya kA paryAya hai / alaMkAradappaNakAra kA yaha rUpaka lakSaNa tathA rUpaka bheda nirUpaNa AcArya bhAmaha ke rUpaka se sAmya rakhatA hai| upamAnena yattattvamupameyasya rUpyate / guNAnAM samatAM dRSTvA rUpakaM nAma tadviduH / / kAvyAlaM.2/21 samasta vastu viSayamekadezavivarti ca / dvidhA rUpakamuddiSTametattaccocyate yathA / / 2/22 // AcArya vizvanAtha ne sahityadarpaNa meM rUpaka kA yaha lakSaNa kiyA hai - __'rUpakaM rUpitAropo viSaye nirapahnave' viSaya (upameya) meM rUpita (upamAna) kA Aropa hI rUpaka alaMkAra hai / alaMkAradappaNakAra ne rUpaka ke do bheda kiye haiM - sakala va vasturUpaka tathA ekaika deza rUpaka / isI ko AcArya mammaTa ke zabdoM meM samastavastuviSaya tathA eka dezavivartirUpaka kahA gayA hai / ina do bhedoM kA vivecana karate hue alaMkAradappaNakAra kahate haiM - taM cia duvihaM jAai samasya-pAattha-viraaNA-jaNiaM / paDhavaM vIaM ekkekka-desa-parisaMThiaM hoi / / 42 / / tadeva dvividhaM jAyate samastapadArthaviracanAjanitam / prathamaM dvitIyamekaikadezaparisaMsthitaM bhavati / / 42 / / vaha (rUpakAlaMkAra) do prakAra kA hotA hai, pahalA samasta padArtharacanA se utpanna tathA dUsarA ekadeza meM saMsthita / AcArya mammaTa ke 'samastavastuviSaya' aura 'ekadezavivarti' rUpaka hI alaMkAradappaNakAra ke ukta do rUpaka bheda haiM / ye donoM bheda mammaTa ne sAGga rUpaka ke mAne haiM / jaba aGgI rUpaka ke sAtha sabhI aMgoM meM rUpaNa hotA hai arthAt sabhI aMgI aura aMgoM meM upamAna upAtta rahatA hai use "samastavastuviSayarUpaka' kahate haiM aura jaba sAGgarUpaka meM kucha sthAnoM meM upamAna zabdopAtta hote haiM aura kucha meM arthabala se labhya hote haiM taba 'ekadezavivartirUpaka' hotA haiM /

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17 alaMkAradappaNa bheA NAmehiM ciaM haria-cchAehiM rUvaANa kayA / atyo labhijjai ccia saale ara rUaAhinto / / 43 / / bhedAH nAmabhirevaM haritacchAyai rUpakANAM kRtaaH| artho labhyate caiva sakalaH vararUpakAt / / 43 / / sundara kAnti vAle nAmoM se rUpakoM ke bheda kiye gae haiM / zreSTha rUpaka (yojanA) se samasta artha kI pratIti ho hI jAtI hai / sakalavatthurUaaM jahA -(sakalavasturUpakaM yathA) gaaNasaroyaM pecchaha pAusammi tnnu-kirnn-kesr-snnaah| tArA-kusumamiva-vaNaM mahabharaNamaulaM samavakkamai / / 44 / / gaganasarojaM prekSasva prAvRSi tanukiraNakesarasanAtham / tArAkusumamiva vanaM mahabharaNImukulaM samavakrAmati / / 44 / / varSAkAlIna candramA kA varNana karatA huA kavi kahatA hai - AkAza ke kamala ko dekho jo varSAkAla meM kSINa kiraNa rUpI kiMjalka se yukta hokara tAre rUpI phUloM vAle, tejoyukta bharaNInakSatrarUpI mukula vAle vana ko AkrAnta kara rahA hai / yahA~ para candra meM kamala kA Aropa, kiraNa meM kesara kA Aropa, tArA meM puSpa kA Aropa, bharaNInakSatra meM mukula kA Aropa aura gagana meM vana kA Aropa hone ke kAraNa samastavastu rUpaka hai| samastavastuviSaya rUpaka kA eka sundara udAharaNa AcArya udbhaTa ne isa prakAra diyA hai jyotsnAmburendukumbhena tArAkusumazAritam / kramazo rAtrikanyAbhivyomodyAnamasicyata / / cAMdanI rUpI jala vAle candra rUpI ghar3e se rAtrirUpI kanyAoM dvArA tAre rUpI phUloM se citrita AkAzarUpI udyAna sIMcA gayA / ekkekadesarUvaaM jahA- (ekaikadezarUpakaM yathA) aviraa pasariya dhArA-NivAa-NiTThaviya paMthia samUho / mArihai maM sadaiaMpi Nikkivo pAusa cilAo / / 45 / / avirataprasRta-dhArA-nipAta-nisthApitapathikasamUhaH / mArayiSyati mAM sadayitamapi niSkRpaH prAvRkirAtaH / / 45 / / varSAkAla rUpI nirdaya kirAta nirantara dhArAsampAta se pathikajanoM ko visthApita karane vAlA dayitA se yukta bhI mujhe mAra ddaalegaa| yahA~ para upameya prAvRT meM upamAna kirAta kA Aropa hone se ekaikadezarUpaka hai,

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alaMkAradappaNa yahA~ kevala eka aMga meM hI rUpaka hai / AcArya mammaTa ke anusAra yahA~ niraGgarUpaka hogaa| dIpaka alaMkAra dIvijjai paAI ekkAe cea jattha kiriAe / muha majjhaMtagaA e-taM bhaNNai dIvi(va)aMtivihaM / / 46 / / dIpyante padAni ekayaiva yatra kriyayA / mukhamadhyAntagatena bhaNyate dIpakaM trividham / / 46 / / jahA~ para eka hI kriyA ke dvArA aneka pada dIpita kiye jAte haiM arthAt eka kriyApada aneka kAraka padoM meM anvita hotA hai use dIpaka kahate haiN| yaha dIpaka Adi madhya aura anta ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| kriyA ke Adigata, madhyagata, antagata hone para yaha tIna bheda kiye jAte haiN| AcArya bhAmaha ne kAvyAlaMkAra meM AdidIpaka, madhyadIpaka tathA antadIpaka- ye dIpaka ke tIna bheda kiye haiN| AdimadhyAntaviSayaM tridhA dIpakamiSyate / ekasyaiva vyavasthatvAditi tad bhidyate tridhA / / kAvyAlaMkAra 2/25 AcArya mammaTa ne isa prakAra ke tIna bheda nahIM svIkRta kiye, ina tInoM bhedoM kA antarbhAva unake kriyAdIpaka meM hI ho jAtA hai / muhadIva jahA (mukhadIpakaM yathA) bhUsijjanti gaaMdA maNa suhaDA u asippahareNa / gaituraeNaM turaA sohagga-guNeNa mahilAo / / 47 / / bhUSyante gajendrAH madena subhaTAstu asiprahAreNa / gatitvaritena turagAH saubhAgyaguNena mahilAH / / 47 / / hAthI mada se, suyoddhA khaDgaprahAra se, ghor3e gati kI zIghratA se aura mahilAe~ saubhAgya guNa se suzobhita hote hai| yahA~ para 'bhUSyante' isa eka kriyA kA sabhI kArakoM (gajendrAH, subhaTAH, turagA: aura mahilA:) ke sAtha anvaya hone se dIpaka alaMkAra hai aura kriyApada ke Adi meM rahane se mukhadIpaka hai| majjhadIvaaM jahA (madhyadIpakaM yathA) sukavINa jaso surANa dhIrimA IhiNariMdANaM / keNa khalijjai pisuNANa dummaI bhIruANa bhaaM / / 48 / / sukavInAM yazaH zUrANAM vIratA (dhIratA) IhitaM narendrANAm / kena skhalyate pizunAnAM durmatiH bhIrukANAM bhayam / / 48 / / sukaviyoM kA yaza, zUroM kI vIratA, rAjAoM kA abhISTa, pizunajanoM kI durbuddhi tathA bhIrujanoM kA bhaya kisake dvArA niSphala kiyA jA sakatA hai / yahA~ para 'khalijjaI' isa eka

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alaMkAradappaNa kriyA kA jaso 'vIrimA', 'IhiaM', 'dummaI', 'bhaaM' ina sabhI ke sAtha anvaya hone se dIpaka alaMkAra hai / khalijjaI pada ke vAkya ke madhya meM hone se madhyadIpaka hai / antadIviraM jahA- (antadIpakaM yathA) / satyeNa buhA dANeNa patthivA guru-taveNa jaiNivahA / raNa-sAhaseNa sahaDA mahI-ale pAaDA hoti / / 49 / / zAstreNa budhA dAnena pArthivA gurutapasA yatinivahAH / raNasAhasena subhaTA mahItale prAvRtA bhavanti / / 49 / / zAstra se vidvAna, dAna se rAjA, ugra tapasyA se yati (saMyamI) samUha, yuddha meM sAhasa se suyoddhA pRthvI meM chAe rahate haiN| yahA~ para pAaDA (prAvRtAH) isa eka pada ke 'baddhA' 'patthivA' 'jaiNivahA' 'sahaDA' ke sAtha anvita hone se dIpaka alaMkAra hai tathA isa pada (pAaDA) ke vAkya ke anta meM sthita hone se antadIpaka hai| AcArya mammaTa ne dIpaka alaMkAra kA yaha lakSaNa diyA hai - sakRdvattistu dharmasya prakRtAprakRtAtmanAm / saiva kriyAsa bahISu kArakasyeti dIpakam / / kA.pra. prAkaraNika tathA aprAkaraNika kA eka dharma se sambandha honA dIpaka alaMkAra hai / yadi eka hI kriyA sabhI kArakoM se sambaddha ho to kriyA dIpaka aura yadi eka 'kAraka' aneka kriyAoM se anvita ho to kAraka dIpaka kahalAtA hai| __alaMkAradappaNakAra ne ukta bhedoM ko na svIkAra kara kevala sabhI ke sAtha anvita hone vAle eka pada kI Adi madhya athavA anta meM sthiti ke anusAra Adi dIpaka, madhyadIpaka tathA antadIpaka mAnA hai / AcArya daNDI tathA bhAmaha ne bhI Adi madhya aura anta dIpaka svIkAra kiyA hai - ityAdidIpakAnyuktAnyevaM madhyAntayorapi / vAkyayordayiSyAmaH kAnicit tAni tadyathA / / kAvyAdarza-2/102 isake bAda rodha' aura 'anuprAsa' ina do alaMkAroM kA lakSaNa dete haiN| rodha alaMkAra addha bhaNi NisaMbhai jassiM juttIa hoi so roho / paa-vaNNa-bhea-bhiNNo jAai duviho aNuppAso / / 5 / / arddhabhaNitaM nirudhyate yasmin yuktyA bhavati sa rossH| padavarNabhedabhinno jAyate dvividho'nuprAsaH / / 5 / / jahAM para AdhI kahI bAta ko kisI yukti ke dvArA roka diyA jAtA hai vaha rodha alaMkAra haiN| pada aura varNa ke bheda se anuprAsa alaMkAra do prakAra kA hotA hai| alaMkAradappaNakAra upamA, rUpaka aura dIpaka alaMkAroM ke vivecana ke anantara

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20 alaMkAradappaNa 'rodha' alaMkAra kA lakSaNa dete hai / kAvyAdarzakAra daNDI ne bhI pahale upamA rUpaka aura dIpaka yahI alaMkAra krama rakhA hai 'rodha' alaMkAra unheM mAnya nahIM hai / daNDI ne dIpaka ke anantara AkSepa alaMkAra rakkhA hai jisakA lakSaNa alaMkAradappaNa ke rodha' alaMkAra se sAmya rakhatA hai| unake AkSepa kA lakSaNa hai pratiSedhoktirAkSepastraikAlyApekSayA tridhA / athAsya punarAkSepya bhedAnantyAdanantatA / / kAvyAdarza 2 / 120 // alaMkAradappaNakAra ne rodha alaMkAra ke lakSaNa meM 'addhabhaNiaM nirumbhai' kahakara pratiSedhokti ko hI saMketita kiyA hai / 'kAvyAdarza' meM AkSepa alaMkAra ke AkSepya ke bhedoM kI anantatA ke kAraNa ananta bheda mAne hai / caubIsa bhedoM ke to usameM udAharaNa hI milate haiN| AcArya mammaTa ne AkSepa kA yaha lakSaNa kiyA hai - niSedho vaktumiSTasya yo vizeSAbhidhitsayA / vakSyamANoktaviSayaH sa AkSepa dvidhA mataH / / kA. pra. 10 / 106 // roho jahA (rodho yathA) koNa - valaiteNa viNA mA bhaNasu a pulaiehiM pAsehiM / ai- rahasa jaMpiAI havanti pacchA apatyAiM / / 51 / / koNavalayitena vinA mA bhaNa ca pulakitaiH pArthaiH / atirabhasajalpitAni bhavanti pazcAdapathyAni / / 51 / / kone meM (netroM ko) ghumAe vinA (arthAt agala bagala dekhe vinA) mata bolo aura ( zravaNotkaNThA se ) pulakita hue pArzvastha logoM se bhI (sahasA ) mata bolo| kyoMki atyadhika zIghratA meM bole gae vacana bAda meM akalyANakArI hote haiM / prastuta sthala meM avicArita bhASaNa karane vAle ko arthAntarAkSepa ke dvArA rokA jA rahA hai / ata: yaha AcArya daNDI ke arthAntarAkSepa alaMkAra se aMzataH tulanIya hai, pA (pa) ANuppAso jahA- (padAnuprAso yathA) sasi - muhi muhassa lacchIM thaNasAliNi thaNaharaM pi pecchaMtI / taNuAai taNuoari hali-suo kahasu jaM jutaM / / 52 / / zazimukhi mukhasya lakSmI stanazAlini stanabhAramapi prekSamANA / tanukAyate tanukodari sakhIsu bho kathaya yad yuktam / / 52 / he candramukhi ! zobhana stanoM vAlI tU (apane ) mukha kI kAnti aura stanabhAra ko dekhatI huI dubalI hotI jA rahI hai| he kRzodari ! sakhiyoM se jo ucita (viraha vedanA) hai, use kaha de / nAyikA viraha ke kAraNa kRza hotI jA rahI hai usakI mukha kI kAnti to sundara banI huI hai kintu stanabhAra meM tathA zarIra meM kRzatA A gaI hai| usakI sakhiyA~ usase apane

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21. alaMkAradappaNa duHkha ko unase batAne ke liye Agraha kara rahI haiM jisase usakI vedanA kama ho sake / / ukta udAharaNa meM 'muhi muha' 'taNuA taNuo' meM varNasAmya ke kAraNa padAnuprAsa alaMkAra hai / anya AlaMkArikoM ke anusAra yaha chekAnuprAsa hai / vaNNANuppAso jahA (varNAnuprAso yathA) vAaMti sajala-jalahara-jala-lava-saMvalaNa-sIaala-pphaMsA / phullaM dhua-dhua kusumacchalata-gaMdhuddharA-pavaNA / / 53 / / vAnti sajalajaladhara jalalavasaMvalanazItalasparzAH / phullavandhukadhuta kusumocchalagandhoddharAH pavanAH / / 53 / / sajala meghoM ke jalakaNoM ke samparka se zItala sparza vAle tathA phUle hue bandhUka vRkSoM se hilAe gae phUloM se nikalate gandha se paripUrNa pavana cala rahe haiN| yahA~ para 'ja' aura 'la' kI anekaza: AvRtti ke kAraNa varNAnuprAsa alaMkAra hai| atizaya alaMkAra kA lakSaNa jattha NimittAhinto loA-e manta-goaraM vaaNaM / viraijjai so tassa a aisaa NAmo alaMkAro / / 54 / / yatra nimittebhyo lokAtikrAntagocaraM vacanam / viracyate sa tasya ca atizayanAmAlaMkAraH / / 54 / / jahA~ kinhIM nimittoM se lokasImA kA atikramaNa karane vAlA kathana kiyA jAtA hai vahAM atizaya nAmaka alaMkAra hai| anya AlaMkArika ise 'atizayokti' nAma se abhihita karate haiM / AcArya daNDI ne isakA lakSaNa isa prakAra kiyA hai - vivakSA yA vizeSasya lokAsImAtivartinI / asAvatizayoktiH syAdalaMkArottamA yathA / / kAvyAdarza 2/214 alaMkAradappaNa kA lakSaNa AcArya bhAmaha ke lakSaNa se adhika sAmya rakhatA hai| una kA lakSaNa hai - nimittato vaco yattu lokAtikrAnta gocaram / manyante'tizayoktiM tAmalaMkAratayA yathA / / kAvyAlaMkAra 2/81 atizayAlaMkAra kA udAharaNa dete haiM - aisaAlaMkAro jahA (atizayAlaMkAro yathA) jai gaMdha-milia-bhamarANa hoi avaaMsa-caMpaa-pasUaM / tA keNa vibhAvijjai kauhala-miliaM pahaM tissA / / 55 / / yadi ganyamilitaM bhramarANAM bhavatyavataMsaM campakaprasUnam / tatkena vibhAvyate kutUhalamilitaM panthAH tasya / / 55 / /

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alaMkAradappaNa yadi gandha se yukta campaka puSpa bhramaroM kA alaMkAra bana jAtA arthAt bhramaroM kA priya aura grAhya ho jAtA to kautUhala se yukta usake mArga ko kauna samajha paataa| campA ke phUla ke pAsa bhramara nahIM AtA jaisA ki kahA gayA hai - campA tujhameM tIna guna rUpa raMga aura bAsa / oguna tujhameM eka hai bhramara na Avai pAsa || pUrvokta atizaya alaMkAra ke udAharaNa meM kavi eka asaMbhava vastu kI kalpanA kara lokasImAtikrAnta vacana vinyAsa kara rahA hai / yahI asambandha meM sambandharUpA atizayokti hai| AcArya mammaTa ne atizayokti ke aneka bhedoM meM eka bheda 'yadi' ke dvArA kahe gae asaMbhava artha kI kalpanA ko bhI mAnA hai| unhoMne atizayokti kA yaha lakSaNa diyA hai / nigIryAdhyavasAnaM tu prakRtasya samena yat / prastutasya yadanyatvaM yadyarthoktau ca kalpanam / / kAryakAraNayoryazca paurvAparyaviparyayaH / vijJeyAtizayoktiH 22 vizeSAlaMkAra kA lakSaNa vigae vi ekka dese guNaMtareNaM tu saMvu (thu) I jattha / kIrai visesa paaDaNa- kajjeNa so viseso tti / / 56 / / saa|| (kAvyaprakAza, 10/100 ) - vigate'pi eka deze guNAntareNa tu saMstutiryatra / kriyate vizeSaprakaTanaM kAryeNa sa vizeSa iti / / jahA~ eka aMga ke na rahane para bhI anyaguNa ke kAraNa (vastu kI) prazaMsA kI jAtI hai aura kArya ke dvArA vaiziSTya ko prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai use vizeSa alaMkAra kahate haiM / visesAlaMkAro jahA (vizeSAlaMkAro yathA ) vi taha NisAsu sohai piANa taMbola - rAka- pavvaio / jaha piaama-pIo paMDuro vi aharo pahAammi / / 57 / / nApi tathA nizAsu zobhate priyANA tAmbUlarAga prabrajitaH / yathA priyatamapItaH pANDuro'pi adharaH prabhAte / / 57 / / rAtriyoM meM priyAoM kA tAmbUla kI raktimA ko prApta adhara vaisA suzobhita nahIM hotA jaisA ki prAta:kAla meM (rAtri meM) priyatama ke dvArA pAna kiye jAne se pANDura varNa vAlA banakara suzobhita hotA hai / yahA~ para priyatama ke adharapAna rUpI kArya ke kAraNa adhara kI pANDuratArUpa vaiziSTya kA kathana hai aura yaha prabhAta kAlIna pANDuratAjanya zobhA tAmbUlarAga ke vigata hone para bhI banI huI hai| ataH vizeSAlaMkAra hai /

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alaMkAradappaNa 23 vizeSAlaMkAra kA yaha lakSaNa AcArya mammaTa ke vizeSalakSaNa ke tRtIya bheda se sAmya rakhatA hai / mammaTa kA lakSaNa isa prakAra hai - - vinA prasiddhAmAdhAramAdheyasya vyavasthitiH / ekAtmA yugapad vRttirekasyAnekagocarA / / anyatprakurvataH kAryamazakyasyAnyavastunaH / tathaiva karaNaM ceti vizeSasmividhaH AkSepa alaMkAra kA lakSaNa smRtaH / / kAvyaprakAza 10/136 / / jatya Niseho vva sa (saM) sI hia kIrai visesa - taNhAe / so akkhevo duviho hontA ekkanta bhebheNa / / 58 / / yatra niSedha iva zaMsitasya kriyate vizeSatRSNayA / sa AkSepo dvividho bhaviSyadekAnta - bhedena / / 58 / / jahA~ vizeSa (kathana karane) kI lAlasA se vivakSita bAta kA niSedha-sA kiyA jAtA hai vahA~ AkSepa alaMkAra hotA hai aura yaha AkSepa bhaviSyamANa aura ekAnta bheda se do prakAra kA hotA hai / kabhI vakSyamANa viSaya kA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai aura kabhI uktaviSaya kaa| isa prakAra do bheda hote haiM 1 hoMtakkheo jahA (bhaviSyadAkSepo yathA) jar3a vaccasi taha vaccasu mahu garuadA (dI) ha-virahaggi- tavia - taNue / vaccai tai samaaM ciJa ahavA kaha jaMpiaM esA / / 59 / / yadi vrajasi tadA braja madhuguruvirahAgnitApita tanuka / vrajati te samaya eva athavA kathaM jalpitametat / / 59 / / pravasyatpatikA nAyikA paradeza jAne ko udyata nAyaka se kahatI hai / basantaRtu meM pracaNDadAha vAlI virahAgni se zarIra ko tapta karane vAle he priya ! yadi jAte ho to jaao| tumhArA (jAne kA samaya hI bItA jA rahA hai to jAo, athavA yaha bakavAsa kyoM kI jaaye| zobhAkaramitra ke 'alaMkAratnAkara' meM pratipAdita vidhyAbhAsa alaMkAra isase paryApta sAmya rakhatA hai| unake vidhyAbhAsa kA yaha udAharaNa hai - jai vaccasi vacca tumaM ko vA vArei tujjhA gamaNassa / tuha gamaNaM maha maraNaM lihia pasattaM kataM teNa / / yadi vrajasi vraja tvaM ko vA vArayati tava gamanasya / tava gamanaM mama maraNaM likhitaprasaktaM kRtAntena / / bhAmaha kA AkSepAlaMkAra lakSaNa bhI alaMkAradappaNa ke lakSaNa se tulanIya haipratiSedha iveSTasya yo vizeSAbhidhitsayA / AkSepa iti taM santaH zaMsanti dvividhaM yathA / / kAvyAlaMkAra 2 / 68 / /

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24 alaMkAradappaNa ekkantakkheo jahA (ekAntAkSepo yathA) khagga-ppahAra-daDha-dalia-riu-dalia-kuMbha-vIDhassa / tua Natthi antako mahiharANaM saMcAlaNo hojja / / 6 / / khaDgaprahAradar3hadalitaripudalitakumbhapIThasya / tava nAsti antako mahIdharANAM saMcAlanaH bhavatu / / 6 / / khaDga ke prahAra se dRr3hatA pUrvaka dalita kiye gaye zatruoM vAle tathA hAthiyoM ke kumbha sthaloM ko vidIrNa karane vAle tumhArA koI bhI anta karane vAlA nahIM hai| ata: tuma rAjAoM ke saMcAlaka bano athavA tumhArA anta nahIM hai kyoMki parvatoM ko kauna hilA sakatA hai / prastuta AkSepa alaMkAra ke prathama bheda (bhaviSyadAkSepa) meM anumati detI haI bhI nAyikA nAyakagamana kA niSedha-sA kara rahI hai / AcArya daNDI ke anusAra yahA~ para anujJAkSepa alaMkAra hai / dvitIya bheda (ekAntAkSepa) AcArya daNDI ke arthAntarAkSepa alaMkAra se sAmya rakhatA hai| jAti tathA vyatireka alaMkAra kA lakSaNa hoi sahAo jAI veraggo (vaireo)uNa visesa-karaNeNa / uaNeNa maNehI saA anneNaM bujjhai kaIhiM / / 61 / / bhavati svabhAvo jAti: vyatirekaH punarvizeSakaraNena / upamAnena manyasva sadAnyena budhyate kavibhiH / / 61 / / svasvabhAva kathana meM jAti alaMkAra hotA hai / isI ko mammaTa ne svabhAvokti alaMkAra nAma diyA hai aura usakA isa prakAra lakSaNa kiyA hai __ svabhAvoktistu DimbhAdeH svakriyArUpavarNanam / kA. pra. vyatireka alaMkAra (upameya athavA upamAna) kisI eka ke vaiziSTya ko prApta hone para hotA hai| yaha vaiziSTya kavi dvArA nibaddha hotA huA anya (sahRdayajanoM) dvArA samajhA jAtA hai| vyatireka kA artha hotA hai bar3ha jAnA, atizAyI ho jaanaa| jaba upameya upamAnAtizAyI hotA hai athavA upamAna upameyAtizAyI hotA hai tabhI vyatireka alaMkAra hotA hai| isakA lakSaNa 'kuvalayAnanda' meM isaprakAra kiyA gayA hai vyatireko vizeSazcedapamAnopameyayoH / / 56 / / __ AcArya bhAmaha kA vyatireka lakSaNa alaMkAradappaNakAra ke lakSaNa se tulanIya hai| bhAmaha kahate haiMupamAnavato'rthasya yadvizeSanidarzanam / vyatirekaM tamicchanti vizeSApAdanAdyathA / / kAvyA.2/75 'unake anusAra upamAnayukta (upameya) artha kA vaiziSTya pradarzana hI vyatireka alaMkAra hai|

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alaMkAradappaNa jAI jahA (jAtiryathA) sira-dharia-kalasa-toli a-vAhA jualAi gAma-taruNIe / maNNai vilAsadiTTho bhaiTTi (o) pAmaro puhaviM / / 62 / / zirodhRtakalazatulitA bAhAyugalena grAmataruNyA / manyate vilAsadRSTo bhRtisthitAM pAmaraH pRthvIm / / 62 / / apanI donoM bhujAoM se (pakar3akara) sira para rakkhe kalaza ko Upara uThAe hue grAmataruNI dvArA vilAsapUrNa dRSTi se dekhA gayA ajJAnI (sampUrNa) pRthvI ko cAkarI karane meM lagI huI samajhatA hai arthAt grAmataruNI kI cAkarI ko dekhakara itanA tallIna ho gayA hai ki usake liye mAno pUrI pRthvI hI vaisA kara rahI ho / bairAgo (vaireo) jahA- vyatireko yathA dUsaha-paA(bhA) va-pasaro somo sa (ja) i akhalia-paho tAsiM / tivva jaDA uNa doNhA vi ravi raa (ha) raa haacchAA / / 63 / / yahA~ para chAyA aura artha aspaSTa haiM / phira bhI artha isa prakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| ApakA cAturya athavA teja asahya hai| Apa sadaiva bhadra rahe haiM aura binA kisI kaThinAI ke mArga pAra kiyA hai| sUrya to acetana (?) hai| phalataH usakI kiraNeM Apake sAmane hataprabha ho jAtI hai| // 63 / / 'rasika' evaM 'paryAya' alaMkAroM kA lakSaNa phuDa-siMgArAi-raso rasio aha bhaNNae alaMkAro / aNNa-vavaosa- bhaNie viNimmio hoi pajjAo / / 64 / / sphuTazRGgArAdirasaH rasiko'tha bhaNyate'laMkAraH / anyavyapadeza bhaNite vinirmito bhavati paryAyaH / / 64 / / zRGgAra Adi rasoM kI sphuTa pratIti hone para 'rasika' alaMkAra hotA hai tathA anya ke vyAja se kahe jAne para nibaddha ukti meM 'paryAya' alaMkAra hotA hai| yahA~ para granthakAra dvArA kathita 'rasika' alaMkAra AcArya bhAmaha kA rasavad alaMkAra hI hai / unhoMne (bhAmaha) isakA lakSaNa isa prakAra kiyA hai - "rasavadarzitaspaSTazRGgArAdi rasaM yathA ||kaavyaalNkaar 3/6 / / 'paryAya' alaMkAra kA lakSaNa anya AlaMkArikoM ke paryAya se nahIM apitu 'paryAyokta' alaMkAra se hI sAmya rakhatA hai| saMbhavata: granthakAra ne paryAyokta' ko hI 'paryAya' nAma diyA hai| bhAmaha kA paryAyokta kA lakSaNa hai paryAyoktaM yadanyena prakAreNAbhidhIyate / kAvyAlaMkAra 2 / 8 / /

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26 rasio jahA ( rasiko yathA) dUI - viaDDa- vaaNANuvaMdhAiaraM viaMbhiuM thaddhA / paDai sauNNassa ua rasaMta rasaNA kuraMgacchI / / 65 / / dUtIvidagdhavacanAnubaddhA itaraM vijRmbhayituM stabdhA / patati sapuNyasya urasi rasidazanA kuraGgAkSI / / 65 / / dUtI ke catura vacanoM kA anusaraNa karane vAlI itarajanoM (ke netroM) ko (Azcarya se) vikasita karane ke liye garvIlI banI huI tathA zabda karatI huI karadhanI vAlI mRgAkSI kisI puNyazAlI ke vakSa:sthala para giratI hai / yaha nAyikArabdha zRGgAra prasaMga hai, nAyikAniSTha ratibhAva kI AsvAdyamAnatA ke kAraNa zRGgAra rasa hai, zRGgAra kI sphuTa pratIti ke kAraNa 'rasika' alaMkAra hai, yahI bhAmaha tathA daNDI kA rasavad alaMkAra hai / AcArya daNDI ne rasapezala kathana ko hI rasavad alaMkAra mAnA hai - preyaH priyatarAkhyAnaM rasavad rasapezalam / tejasvi rUDhAlaGkAraM yuktotkarSaM ca tat trayam / / kAvyAdarza yahA~ para yaha dhyAna dene yogya hai ki dhvanisiddhAnta ke pravartana ke anantara rasavat, preyas, Urjasvi aura samAhita- ina alaMkAroM ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM mAnyatA badala gaI thii| prAcIna AlaMkArika rasa aura rasavat meM antara nahIM karate the| ve rasayukta kathana ko hI rasavat alaMkAra mAnate the| kintu AcArya Anandavardhana ukta cAroM alaMkAroM ko guNIbhUta vyaGgya kAvya ke antargata mAnate haiN| unake anusAra jahA~ para rasa, bhAva, bhAvAbhAsa, rasAbhAsa, bhAvazAnti pradhAna na hokara aGgarUpa hote haiM vahA~ para inheM kramaza: rasavat, preyas, Urjasvi aura samAhita alaMkAra kahate haiN| pradhAne'nyatra vAkyArthe yatrAGgaM alaMkAradappaNa tu rasAdayaH / kAvye tasminnalaMkAro rasAdiriti me matiH / / dhvanyAloka pajjAo bhAi jahA (paryAyo bhaNyate yathA) garuANa coriAe ramaMti (e) paaDe rairasaM katto / mAkuNasu tassa dosaM sundari ! visamaTThie kajje / / 66 / / gurukAnAM gauryA: 1 ramate prakaTe ratirasaM kartA / mA kuru tasya doSaM sundari viSamasthite kArye / / 66 / / ratikrIDA kA icchuka nAyaka nAyikA ko prakArAntara se kaha rahA hai - he sundari (jo ) ratikarma kA kartA rasika prakaTa meM hI gurujanoM kI gaurI se ratikrIr3A gaurI-gaurI tu nagnikA nAgatArtavA' ityamaraH / 1.

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alaMkAradappaNa 27 karatA hai usakA viSama paristhiti vAle kArya meM koI doSa nahIM hai / __ ukta 'paryAya' nAmaka alaMkAra anya AlaMkArikoM ke (paryAya) se sarvathA bhinna pratIta hotA hai kyoM ki anya AlaMkArika AcArya mammaTa aura kuvalayAnandakAra paryAya ke ye lakSaNa dete haiM - "eka krameNAnekasmin paryAyaH' / ekaM vastu krameNa anekasmin bhavati kriyata vA sa paryAyaH / " "kAvyaprakAza paryAyo yadi paryAyeNaikasyAnekasaMzrayaH" - kuvalayAnandaH AcArya daNDI ke 'paryAyokta' nAmaka alaMkAra ke lakSaNa se ukta 'paryAya' kA lakSaNa avazya sAmya rakhatA hai / daNDI kA paryAyokta kA lakSaNa hai arthamiSTamanAkhyAya sAkSAt tasyaiva siddhaye / yat prakArAntarAkhyAnaM paryAyoktaM tadiSyate / / kAvyAdarza 2/295 AcArya mammaTa kA lakSaNa - 'paryAyoktaM vinA vAcyavAcakakatvena ydvcH| kA.pra. paryAyokta meM abhISTa artha ko sIdhe na kahakara prakArAntara se kahA jAtA hai| alaMkAradappaNakAra ke 'paryAya' ke udAharaNa ko dekhane se lagatA hai ki unhoMne 'paryAyokta' ko hI paryAya samajhakara lakSaNa udAharaNa diye haiN| unake udAharaNa meM kAmuka nAyaka apanI icchA ko sAkSAt na prakaTa karatA huA anya ke vyavahAra ko batAkara prakArAntara se apanI ratikrIDA meM adoSatA ko saMketita kara rahA hai| 'yathAsaMkhya' alaMkAra kA lakSaNa tathA bheda / jaha Nia bhaNNai bahuA parivADI paaDaNaM jahA-saMkhaM / kiM puNa viuNaM tiguNaM caugguNaM hoi kavvammi / / 67 / / yathAnItaM bhaNyate bahudhA paripATI prakaTanaM yathAsaMkhyam / / kiM punaH dviguNatriguNacaturguNaM bhavati kAvye / / 67 / / 'yathAsaMkhya' nAmaka alaMkAra vahA~ hotA hai jahA~ aneka rUpa se pUrva kathita kA (uttarottara) zreNIbaddha rUpa meM prakaTana hotA hai, aura vaha yathAsaMkhya dviguNa, triguNa, caturguNa bheda se tIna prakAra vAlA hotA hai| yathAsaMkhya alaMkAra meM kramAnusAra vastukathana hotA hai / pUrva meM jisa krama se vividha vastuoM kA kathana hotA hai bAda meM bhI usI krama se vividha vastuoM meM usakI anviti hotI hai| "yathAsaMkhyaM krameNaiva kramikANAM samanvayaH / " kAvyaprakAza

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28 alaMkAradappaNa viguNo jahA (dviguNaM yathA) haMsa-sasi-kamala-kuvalaya-bhasala-muNAlANa NijjiA lacchI / tissA gai-muha-karaala-loaNa-dhammella-bAhAhiM / / 68 / / haMsazazikamalakuvalayabhramaramRNAlAnAM nirjitA lakSmIH / tasyA gatimukhakaratalalocanadhammillabAhAbhiH / / 68 / / usa (nAyikA) kI gati, mukha, karatala, netra, kezapAza aura bAhuoM ne kramaza: haMsa, candra, kamala, nIlakamala, bhramara aura kamalanAla kI zobhA ko jIta liyaa| yahA~ para uttarArdha meM kathita gati mukha ityAdi padArthoM kA pUrvArdha meM kathita haMsa candra Adi padArtho ke sAtha kramAnusAra sambandha hone se yathAsaMkhya alaMkAra hai| tauNo jahA (triguNo yathA) jo vahai vimala-vellahala-kasaNa-sia-sarisiA-visamiyaMko / muddhaddha-rayaNIara-maulisaMsiaM taM sivaM Navaha / / 69 / / yo vahati vimala vilvaphalaM (sundaraM) kRSNasitasarIsRpaviSamRgAGkAn / mUrdhAdharajanIkaramaulisaMzritaM' taM zivaM namata / / 69 / / jo nirmala vilvaphala ko tathA (yathAkrama) kAle aura sapheda sarpa, viSa tathA candra ko dhAraNa karatA hai usa mUrdhAsthita ardhacandra rUpI mukuTa vAle zaMkara ko praNAma kro| yahA~ para 'kRSNa' kA sarpa evaM viSa ke sAtha aura 'sita' kA mRgAGka ke sAtha kramaza: anvaya hone se yathAsaMkhya alaMkAra hai / caugguNo jahA (caturguNo yathA) tIe samamaua-dIhehiM NimmalA''taMba dhavala-sohehiM / DasaNAhara-NayaNehiM jiAiM maNijavaya-kamalAI / / 7 / / tasyAH samamUdakadIrgha nirmalAtAmradhavala-zobhaiH / dazanAdharanayanairjitAni maNiyAvakakamalAni / / 70 / / usa (nAyikA) ke samatala komala aura dIrgha, nirmala tAmra aura dhavala zobhAvAle danta, adhara aura netroM ne maNi, lAkha (jatu) aura kamaloM ko jIta liyaa| yahA~ para sama, mRduka, dIrgha kA nirmala, tAmra, dhavala ke sAtha tathA danta, adhara, netra kA tathA maNi, yAvaka, kamala kA yathAkrama anvaya hone se yathAsaMkhya alaMkAra hai| cAroM caraNoM meM tIna tIna padArthoM kA anvaya hone se caturguNa yathAsaMkhya hai| dviguNa yathAsaMkhya meM padArtha samUhadvaya kA anvaya hai tathA triguNa yathAsaMkhya meM padArthatraya kA anvaya hai / .. 1. mauli-"mauli: saMyatakezeSu cUDAmukuTayostathA / "

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29 alaMkAradappaNa samAhita tathA virodha alaMkAra aNavekkhia-patta-sahAa-saMpaAe samAhio hoi / guNa-kiriANa-viroheNa esa bhaNio virohotti / / 71 / / anapekSitApanasahAyasampadA samAhito bhavati / guNakriyANAM virodhena eSa bhaNito virodha iti / / 71 / / anapekSita rUpa se upasthita sahAya sampatti se 'samAhita' alaMkAra hotA hai tathA guNa aura kriyA ke virodha se 'virodhAlaMkAra' hotA hai / samAhio jahA (samAhito yathA) accaMnta-kuvia-piaava (ma)-pasAaNatthaM paaDamANI / uio cando vi tato apasario malaa-gaMdhavaho / / 72 / / atyanta kupita priyatama prasAdanArthaM pravRttamAnAyAH / uditazcandro'pi tata Avasariko malayagandhavahaH / / 72 / / atyanta kupita priyatama ko prasanna karane ke liye pravRtta nAyikA ke liye (bhAgya se) candra udita ho gayA aura sAmayika (avarocita) malayAnila bhI bahane lgaa| granthakAra ne 'samAhita' alaMkAra kA lakSaNa aura udAharaNa AcArya daNDI ke anusAra hI kiyA hai / ArcAya daNDI kahate haiM kiJcidArabhamANasya kAryaM daivavazAt punaH / tatsAdhanasamApattiryA tadAhuH samAhitam / / kAvyAdarza 2/298 mAnamasyA nirAkartuM pAdayorma namasyataH / upakArAya diSTyaitadudIrNaM ghanagarjitam / / / 299 granthakAra ke 'samAhita' alaMkAra ko AcArya mammaTa 'samAdhi' alaMkAra mAnate haiM aura usakA lakSaNa isa prakAra karate haiM - ___ 'samAdhi: sukaraM kArya kAraNAntarayogataH" kA.pra./125 isa kA udAharaNa bhI vahI dete haiM jo Upara daNDI dvArA diyA gayA hai / samAdhi aura samAhita samAnArtha hI hai / kintu Anandavardhana ke anantara 'samAhita' zabda kevala rasavadAdi alaMkAroM ke antargata hI parigaNita hai / rasa, bhAva, rasAbhAsa bhAvAbhAsa tathA bhAvaprazama ke guNIbhata hone para inheM kramaza: rasavat, preya, Urjasvi aura samAhita alaMkAra kahA jAtA hai / 'samAhita' ko rasavadAdi alaMkAra na mAnanA alaMkAradappaNakAra kI prAcInatA dyotita karatA hai| viroho jahA (virodho yathA) tujjha jaso hara-sasahara-samujjalo saala (ya) va (ya?) Nia didaMvi / mailai Navara vara veri-vIra-vahu-vaaNa-kamalAhaM / / 73 / /

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30 alaMkAradappaNa tava yazo harazazadharasamujjvalaM sakalavacanIyadRDhamapi / malinaM na bhavati varavairivIravadhUvadanakamalAbham / / 73 / / ApakI kIrti sakala vacanIyatA se yukta bhI (vairiyoM dvArA lagAye gae doSoM se yukta bhI) zaMkara ke (jaTajUTa meM sthita) candra ke samAna dhavala hai; tathA jaise candramA kalaGkita hone para bhI dhavala hI hai / vairijanoM ke vadhUjanoM ke mukhakamala kI AbhA ke samAna (yaza) malina nahIM hotA / ___ yahA~ para virodhI guNoM ke sahAvasthAna ke kAraNa virodhAlaMkAra hai / sandeha alaMkAra kA lakSaNa uvamANeNa sarUaM bhaNiUNa bhassae jahiM bheo / thuikaraNeNaM saMdeha-saMsio so hu saMdeho / / 74 / / upamAnena svarUpaM bhaNitvA bhASyate yasmin bhedaH / stutikaraNena sandehasaMzritaH sa khalu sandehaH / / 74 / / jahA~ para upamAna ke dvArA svarUpa ko kahakara bheda kA kathana hotA hai, stuti karane meM sandeha kA Azraya liyA jAtA hai vahA~ sandeha alaMkAra hotA hai / prastuta (upameya) meM aprastuta (upamAna) kA saMzaya honA hI sandeha alaMkAra hai kintu aisA saMzaya kavipratibhA se utthApita honA cAhiye / yaha 'sandeha' AcArya mammaTa ke anusAra do prakAra kA hotA hai -bhedoktimUlaka, bhedAnuktimUlaka aura yaha bhedoktimUlaka bhI nizcayagarbha tathA nizcayAnta bheda se do prakAra kA hotA hai| mammaTane sandeha ko sasandeha nAma diyA hai| unakA lakSaNa hai ___ sasandehastu bhedoktau tadanuktau ca saMzayaH / kA.pra./92 alaMkAradappaNakAra kA sandeha alaMkAra AcArya bhAmaha ke sasandehAlaMkAra se tulanIya hai - upamAnena tattvaM ca bhedaM ca vahataH punaH / sasandehaM vacaHstutyai sasandehaM viduryathA / / kAvyAlaMkAra 2/43 / / sandeho jahA (sandeho yathA) kiM kamalamiNaM(No) taM sa-kesaraM kiM sasI Na tattha mao / di8 sahi tujjha muhaM sasaMsaaM ajja tarUNehiM / / 75 / / kiM kamalamidaM tatsakesaraM ki zazI na tatra mRgaH / dRSTaM sakhi tava mukhaM sasaMzayamadya taruNaH / / 75 / / nAyikA mukha kI prazaMsA karatI huI sakhI nAyikA se kahatI hai - kyA yaha kamala hai ? (kintu) vaha to kesara yukta hotA hai, kyA yaha candramA hai para yahA~ mRga (kalaGka) to hai nahIM / isa prakAra he sakhI! Aja taruNoM ne tumhAre mukha ko saMzaya ke sAtha dekhA /

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alaMkAradappaNa 31 yahA~ para upamAna 'kamala' hai aura upameya 'mukha' hai / upameya meM upamAna kA saMzaya hone se sandehAlaMkAra hai / granthakAra ke anusAra upamAna ke dvArA vastu kA kathanakara usameM bheda kathana kiyA jAtA hai| jaise yahA~ para 'kamalamidam' kahakara mukharUpa vastu kA kathana kiyA gayA tadanantara 'sakesaram' kaha kara vaidharmya kI ukti se bhedakathana kiyA / yaha saba saMzaya kevala mukha kI prazaMsA karane ke liye utpanna kiyA gayA hai / - AcArya mammaTa ne isIprakAra kA nizcayAnta sandeha kA yaha udAharaNa hai - induH kiM kva kalaGkaH sarasijametat kimambu kutra gatama | lalitavilAsavacanairmukhamiti hariNAkSi nizcitaM parataH / / vibhAvanA alaMkAra kA lakSaNa Natthi viheo kiriA rasiassa vihoi jacca phalariddhI / bhaNNai vibhAvaNA sA kavvAlaMkAra ittehiM / / 76 / / nAsti vibhedA kriyA rasikasyApi bhavati jAtyaphalaRddhiH / bhaNyate vibhAvanA sA kAvyAlaMkAravidbhiH / / 76 / / jahA~ pRthak kriyA (kAraNa) kA nirdeza na hone para bhI rasikajanoM ko uttama phala ( kArya ) kI samRddhi kahI jAtI hai use kAvyAlaMkAravid vibhAvanA alaMkAra kahate haiN| yahA~ para kriyA kA artha haiM kAraNa aura phala kA artha hai kArya / prasiddha yA vizeSa kAraNa ke na rahane para kArya kA kathana karanA vibhAvanA alaMkAra hotA hai| AcArya mammaTa kA vibhAvanA lakSaNa hai kriyAyAH pratiSedhe'pi phalavyaktirvibhAvanA / kA. pra. yahA~ kAraNa aura kArya ke liye kramazaH kriyA aura phala zabdoM kA prayoga huA hai| vibhAvaNAjahA (vibhAvanA yathA) - vaDDai asittamUlo aNupao hoMto vi pasarai Nahammi / saggaM gao (assa) vi akaNho adho a vimalo jaso tujjha / / 77 / / vardhate'siktamUlA anupadalatApi prasarita nabhasi / yazastava / / 77 / / svargaM gatamapyakRSNamadhazca vimalaM asiJcita mUla vAlI bhI parAzrita rahane vAlI latA (amaravela) AkAza meM phailatI hai / tumhArA yaza svarga taka pahu~cA huA bhI nIce bhUmaNDala meM dhavala aura nirmala rUpa se virAjamAna hai / yahA~ siktamUlatva rUpa kAraNa ke na rahane para bhI phailanA rUpa kArya ho rahA hai tathA bhUmi meM sthita rUpa kAraNa ke na rahane para bhI yaza ke bhUmigata honA rUpa kArya kA kathana hone se vibhAvanAlaMkAra hai /

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alaMkAradappaNa duviho hu aNNo citra uttarao, a jattha bhAvai sa bhAvao bhaNio / hoi jaha taha, sAhijjaMtaM NisAmeha / / 78 / / jahA~ uttara se bilkula alaga artha dikhAI detA hai vahA~ bhAvAlaMkAra hotA hai| vaha do prakAra kA hotA hai - 32 bhAvAlaMkAra kA lakSaNa katai vaaNAi jahiM asuahiM uttarehiM NajjaMti / souhiM tarammi uhiM agUDha bhAvo saA utto / / 79 / / katicid vacanAni yatra azrutairuttaraiH jJAyante / zrotRbhiH tvaritam Uhai: agUDha bhAvaH sadA uktaH / / 79 / / jahA~ para vinA uttara sune hue zrotAoM ke dvArA anumAna yA tarka se kucha vacana jAna liye jAte haiM vaha bhAvAlaMkAra hai / granthakAra ne yaha bhAva alaMkAra kA hI lakSaNa kiyA hai kyoMki prArambha meM chaThI kArikA meM vibhAvanA ke bAda bhAva kA nAma liyA gayA hai| bhAva alaMkAra kA vivecana AcArya rudraTa ne apane kAvyAlaMkAra meM kiyA thA jisakA ullekha alaMkAra sarvasvakAra ne apane grantha ke Adi meM kiyA hai| AcArya rudraTa kA bhAvAlaMkAra kA udAharaNa AcArya Anandavardhana ke vastudhvani ke udAharaNoM se mela khAtA hai / alaMkAradappaNakAra ne bhAvAlaMkAra kA koI udAharaNa nahIM diyA / AcArya rudraTa ne bhAvAlaMkAra kA yaha lakSaNa diyA hai - yasya vikAra: prabhavannapratibandhena hetunA yena / gamayati tadabhiprAyaM tatpratibandhaM ca bhAvo'sau / / kAvyAlaMkAra 7/38 kisI ke vikAra dvArA jaba usakA abhiprAya aura kAryakAraNa bhAva bodhita hotA hai taba bhAvAlaMkAra hotA hai / arthAt bhAvAlaMkAra meM kAryakAraNa bhAva aniyata rahatA huA bhI vyaGgya hotA hai / yadyapi rudraTa vyaJcanAvAdI nahIM haiM tathApi unakA 'gamayati pada' se yahI abhiprAya nikalatA hai| bhAvAlaMkAra kA eka anya lakSaNa bhI AcArya rudraTa ne isa prakAra kiyA hai - abhidheyamabhidadhAnaM tadeva tadasadRzasakalaguNadoSam / arthAntaramavagamayati yadvAkyaM so'paro bhAvaH ||7 / 40 // isa bhAvAlaMkAra kA udAharaNa Anandavardhana ke vastudhvani ke hI samAna hai| anyApadeza alaMkAra kA lakSaNa jassa bhAIhiM aNNaNo Na'NNo paaDia jo jahiM attho / aNNAvaesa - NAmo (so) siTTho atthaArehiM / / 80 / /

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33 alaMkAradappaNa yasya bhaNitibhiH anyAnyAbhiH anyaHprakaTitaH yataH yasminnarthaH / anyApadezanAmA sa siddho'rthakAraiH / / 8 / / jina anyaviSayaka uktiyoM dvArA anya hI artha jahA~ para prakaTa hotA hai use arthakAroM ne 'anyApadeza' nAmaka alaMkAra kahA hai / AcArya mammaTa ke anusAra yaha aprastutaprazaMsA alaMkAra kA pA~cavAM bheda hai jahA~ para tulya aprastuta ke abhidhAna dvArA tulya prastuta vyaGgya hotA hai / isako AcArya hemacandra ne anyokti alaMkAra kahA hai / granthakAra ne isa alaMkAra kA udAharaNa 82vIM kArikA meM diyA hai| isake pUrva 81vIM kArikA meM Atura alaMkAra kA udAharaNa diyA hai| isa kramabhaGga kA kyA kAraNa hai kahA nahIM jA sktaa| Atura alaMkAro jahA (AturAlaMkAro yathA) hA hA vihUa kara-alAla hiaM suaMDahU~ / paDiA golAtureNa saraseNa miseNa haliasoNhA / / 81 / / hA hA vidhUtakaratalA labdhaM zukaM dagdham / patitA golAtureNa sadRzena miSeNa halikasnuSA / / 81 / / hA ! jaba kRSaka kI putravadhU ne tote ko jalA huA pAyA to (vyAkulatA se) karataloM ko hilAtI huI, nadI ke vega ke sadRza kisI bahAne para (jamIna para) gira pdd'ii| vastuta: yaha gAthA pUrvokta bhAvAlaMkAra kA udAharaNa hai na ki AturAlaMkAra kA, kyoMki granthakAra ne prArambha meM alaMkAroM kI nAmAvali meM Atura nAmaka koI alaMkAra nahIM batAyA hai / sambhavata: isa zloka meM Atura zabda ke rahane se pratilipikartA ne ise Atura alaMkAra kA udAharaNa jAnakara isake pUrva 'AturAlaMkAro jahA' likha diyA ho / aNNAvaeso jahA (anyApadezo yathA) aNNe sambandha bhoiNi Nava-vaccha-aseNNaaM bilss| ... Aloa-vatta (metta)-suhavo Na kajja-karaNa-kkhamo eso / / 82 / / anyasmin sambandhabhogini navavatso'secana ko balIvardasya / AlokamAtrasubhagona kAryakaraNakSama eSaH / / 82 / / he anya (kizora) ke sAtha sambandha kA upabhoga karane vAlI ! nayA bachar3A baila kI taraha manohara hai kintu dekhane mAtra se sundara hai kArya karane meM (hala calAne meM) samartha nahIM hai| nAyikA kI alpavayaska sundara kizora ke prati Asakti ko dekhakara usakI sakhI vachar3e ke vRttAnta ko batAkara use vimukha karanA cAhatI hai| yahA~ para vAcyArtha aprastuta hai aura usake dvArA prastuta artha vyaGgya ho rahA hai| isIko anyokti bhI kahA jAtA hai| - - 1. tadasecanakaM tRptistyinto yasya darzanAt' amaraH /

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34 alaMkAradappaNa parikAlaMkAra tathA arthAntaranyAsa alaMkAra kA lakSaNa puvva-bhaNia-sarisammi vatthuNNi bhaNaNaM taha aNNa priaro| Na sa pariario atyaM (ta) va (ra) NAso jahA / / 83 / / pUrvabhaNitasadaze vastuni bhaNanaM tathA anyaparikaraH / / na sa parikaritaH arthAntaranyAso yathA / / 8 / / pUrva bhaNita sadRza vastu ke sambandha meM hI kathana karanA anyaparikara alaMkAra hai aura vaha anyaparikara anya artha se usa prakAra upaskRta nahIM hotA jisa prakAra arthAntaranyAsa alaMkAra hotA hai| ukta kArikA meM granthakAra anyaparikara tathA arthAntaranyAsa alaMkAroM ko paribhASita karanA cAhatA hai kintu usakA kathana spaSTa na hone ke kAraNa vyAkhyAgamya hai| anyaparikarAlaMkAra meM eka hI vAkyArtha hotA hai aura usameM pUrvavidita artha ke hI samAna kathana hotA hai kintu arthAntaranyAsa meM dUsare vAkyArtha se prathama vAkyArtha parikarita arthAt upaskRta hotA hai| anya prasiddha AlaMkArikoM ne 'parikara' alaMkAra vahA~ mAnA hai jahA~ vizeSaNoM kI sAbhiprAyatA rahatI hai| "alaMkAraH parikaraH sAbhiprAye vizeSaNe" -kuvalayAnanda / "vizeSaNairyatsAkUtairUktiH parikarastu saH" -kAvyaprakAza / / sudhAsAgarakAra ne kAvyaprakAza kI TIkA meM parikara kA artha isa prakAra kiyA haiparikaraNamupaskaraNam vizeSaNavyaGgyArthena vAkyArthasya upaskaraNAt parikara ityucyate / parikarAlaMkAra meM vizeSaNapada kA vyaGgyArtha vAcyArtha kA upaskAraka hotA hai| isake viparIta arthAntaranyAsa meM do vAkyArtha hote haiN| donoM meM samarthya-samarthaka bhAva rahatA hai| arthAntaranyAsa kA udAharaNa vipphurai ravI uaA alammi Nahu-attha-mahihara-sirattho / te aMsiNo vi teaM lahaMti ThANaM laheUNa / / 84 / / visphurati ravirudayAcale na khalvastamahIdharaziraHsthaH / tejasvino'pi tejo labhante sthAnaM labdhvA / / 84 / / sUrya udayAcala para hI camakatA hai na ki astAcala ke zikhara meM, tejasvI loga bhI samucita sthAna pAkara hI teja dhAraNa karate haiM / yahA~ para uttaravAkyArtha dvArA pUrvavAkyArtha kA sAdharmyamUlaka samarthana hone ke kAraNa arthAntaranyAsa alaMkAra hai / yaha sAmAnya ke dvArA vizeSa ke samarthana kA sthala hai / pUrvavAkya vizeSa hai aura uttara vAkya sAmAnya /

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alaMkAradappaNa aNNapariaro jahA (anyaparikaro yathA) turiyAi - turiya-gamaNo Niamba-bhara-maMtharAi khalia-pao / maggeNa tIa vaccai pellAvallIa taruNi jaNo / / 85 / / tvaritAtitvaritagamanaH nitambabharamantharAtiskhalitapadaH / mArgeNAtItya vrajati pIDyamAnaH taruNIjanaH / / 85 / / zIghrAtizIghra calane vAlA, nitambabhAra ke kAraNa manda tathA skhalita DagoM vAlA dhakkAmukkI khAtA huA taruNIjana mArga se bacakara jA rahA hai / yahA~ para taruNIjana kI gati kA pUrvakathita (pUrvAnubhUta) varNana ke samAna hI kathana hone se anyaparikara alaMkAra hai / yahA~ vastu kA svAbhAvika varNana hone se na ki anya vAkyArtha kI tulanA hone se camatkAra hai / yahA~ para taruNIjana jAtivAcaka zabda hai usake tIna vizeSaNa haiN| ataH AcArya rudraTa ke anusAra parikarAlaMkAra ke cAra bhedoM (dravya, guNa, kriyA, jAti) meM se yaha jAtiparikara kA udAharaNa bhI bana jAtA hai / sahokti tathA UrjAlaMkAra kA lakSaNa 35 bahu vatyucci kiriA samakAla-paAsaNaM sahoutti / guru- vIra - jAi - raio jAai ujjA alaMkAro / / 86 // bahuvastUcitakriyA samakAlaprakAzanaM sahoktiH / guruvIrajAtiracito jAyate 'Urjo'laMkAraH / / 86 / / aneka vastuoM ke yogya kriyA kA bhI jahA~ samakAla meM prakAzana hotA hai use sahokti alaMkAra kahate haiM / jahA~ zreSTha vIroM ke svabhAva kA kathana hotA hai use UrjA alaMkAra (Urjasvi alaMkAra) kahate haiM AcArya bhAmaha ne Urjasvi alaMkAra kA lakSaNa nahIM diyA / kevala adholikhita udAharaNa diyA hai| - urjasvikarNena yathA pArthAya punarAgataH / dviH sandadhAti kiM karNaH zalyetyahirapAkRtaH / / kAvyAM 3 / 6 // sahokti alaMkAra vastutaH vahA~ para hotA hai jahA~ ekArtha kA abhidhAyaka zabda 'saha' 'samam' Adi sahArthaka zabda ke bala se donoM arthoM kA avagamana karAtA haisA sahoktiH sahArthasya balAdekaM dvivAcakam / -kA. pra. jaise 'saha tanulatayA durbalA jIvitAzA' yahA~ para saha ke prayoga ke kAraNa 'durbalA' zabda tanulatA aura jIvitAzA ina donoM padoM ke sAtha samakAla meM anvita hotA hai| arthAt usa virahiNI kI gAtrayaSTi tathA jIvana kI AzA donoM durbala ho gaI haiN| 1. bala artha meM Urja zabda akArAnta puliMga hai - "UrjaH kArtike bale" hemeH /

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alaMkAradappaNa Urjasvi alaMkAra vahA~ hotA hai jahA~ tejasvitA tathA ahaMkAra kA utkarSa dikhAyA jaay| AcArya daNDI ne UrjasvI kA udAharaNa isa prakAra diyA hai apakartAhamasmIti hRdi te mA sma bhUdbhayam / vimukheSu na me khaDgaH prahartuM jAtu vAJchati / / iti muktaH paro yuddhe niruddho darpazAlinA / puMsA kenApi tajjJeyamUrjasvItyevamAdikam / / kAvyAdarza 2/293-94 rasavat, preyas UrjasvI, samAhita-ye cAra alaMkAra prAcIna daNDI Adi AlaMkArikoM kI dRSTi meM arthAlaMkAra hI the| kintu dhvanikAra AcArya Anandavardhana ne inake viSaya meM eka samucita vyavasthA dI hai| unhoMne inheM rasavadAdi alaMkAra kahakara guNIbhUta vyaGgaya kAvyakoTi meM antarbhUta kiyA hai / rasa, bhAva, rasAbhAsa, bhAvAbhAsa, aura bhAvazAnti kisI anya rasa ke aMga hone para kramaza: rasavad, preyasa, UrjasvI tathA samAhita alaMkAra kahalAte haiM - ujjA (?ddhA) laMkAro jahA (urjAlaMkAro yathA) vIsattha ccia geNhasu vai vi (ri)aNA vegga NiviDiaM khaggaM / paharantaM paDia paharaNaM muNai karesu NAsa-samatthaM / / 87 / / vizvastaM caiva gRhANa vairijanAveganipIDitaM khaGgam / praharantaM patita praharaNaM matvA kuryAH nAzasamartham / / 87 / / zatrujanoM ke (darzanajanya) uttejanA se kasakara pakar3e gae khaDga ko vizvAsa ke sAtha pkdd'o| (apane khaDga ko) prahAra karate hue (zatru ke) zastra ko (hAtha se) girA dene vAlA samajha kara zatru ko naSTa karane ke yogya bnaao| yahA~ para yoddhA kI UrjasvitA kA varNana hone se UrjA alaMkAra hai / sahokti alaMkAra kA udAharaNa prastuta karate haiM - sahottI jahA (sahokti yathA) NiddAi samaM lajjA sarIra-sIra sohAe saha gaA kittI / samaje tuhaM aNuraaNI tI baDDeti NIsAsA / / 88 / / nidrayA samaM lajjA zarIra suSamayA saha gatA kIrtiH / samaye tava anurajani atIte vardhante nizvAsAH / / 88 / / nIMda ke sAtha lajjA calI gaI aura zarIra kI zobhA ke sAtha kIrti bhI calI gii| samaya ke bItane para pratyeka rAta ke anusAra tumhArI sAMseM lambI hotI jAtI haiN| yahA~ virahiNI nAyikA kA varNana hai / 'samam' zabda ke prayoga se 'nidrayA' aura 'lajjA' donoM kA 'gatA' ke sAtha anvaya ho jAtA hai usI prakAra zarIrasuSamA tathA kIrti donoM kA 'gatA' se sAtha sambandha hone se 'gatA' yaha eka zabda do kA vAcaka bana rahA hai|

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37 alaMkAradappaNa 'rajanI' aura nizvAsa kA bhI 'varddhante' ke sAtha sambandha hai| apahati aura premAtizaya alaMkAra kA lakSaNa uamA jattha NiNhavia NiaDA sA avaNhuI hoi / pII aIsaeNaM pemAisao bhaNeavvo / / 89 / / upamA yatra nihatya nikaTA sA apahnatirbhavati / prItyatizayena premAtizayo bhaNitavyaH / / 89 / / jahA~ para kisI (upameya) ko chipAkara (niSedha karake) sAmya atizaya nikaTa ho jAtA hai use apahRti alaMkAra kahate haiM / prema ke atizaya ke kAraNa premAtizaya alaMkAra hotA hai| __ apahRti alaMkAra meM upameya kA niSedha karake upamAna kI sthApanA kI jAtI hai / isase upamAna upameya meM atisAmya sUcita hotA hai / isakA lakSaNa anya AlaMkArikoM ne isa prakAra kiyA hai - apahnutirapahRtya kiJcidanyArthadarzanam-daNDI atisAmyAdupameyaM yasyAmasadeva kathyate sadapi / upamAnameva saditi ca vijJeyApahnatiH seyam / / rudraTa prakRtaM pratiSidhyAnyatsAdhyate sA tvapahRtiH / -mammaTa apahRti alaMkAra kA udAharaNa dete hue granthakAra kahatA hai - apaNhuI jahA (apahRtiryathA) Nahu ucc-vidda-sNtthia-phitttth-klaNtthi-klrv-ppsro| suvvai vaNa-vilasia-puppha-cAva-mahuro ravo eso / / 9 / / na khalu-ucca viTapasaMsthitaprahRSTakalakaNThIkalaravaprasaraH / zrUyate vanavilasitapuSpacApamadhuro rava eSaH / / 9 / / yaha U~cI zAkhA para baiThe hue harSita kokila ke avyakta-madhura dhvani kA prasAra nahIM sunAI detA hai apitu yaha (kokiladhvani) vana meM vilAsa karane vAle kAmadeva kA madhura zabda hai| yahA~ para 'kokilarava' upameya hai usakA niSedha karake usameM kAmadeva ke zabda kA sthApana kiyA gayA hai / isase kokilarava aura 'kAmadeva' meM atisAmya vyaGgya ho rahA hai| yaha apahRti kA udAharaNa AcArya bhAmaha ke udAharaNa se paryApta sAmya rakhatA hai unakA udAharaNa hai neyaM virauti bhRGgAlI madena mukharA muhuH / ayamAkRSyamANasya kandarpadhanuSo dhvaniH / kAvyA. 3/22 / / agalI kArikA meM 'premAtizaya' alaMkAra kA udAharaNa hai|

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38 alaMkAradappaNa pemAisao jahA- (premAtizayo yathA) sahasA tuammi diDhe jo jAo tIa phrisaaiso| so jai puNo-vi hosai sundara tua daMsaNu ccea / / 91 / / sahasA tvayi dRSTe yo jAtastasyAH praharSAtizayaH / sa yadi punarapi bhaviSyati sundara tava darzanenaiva / / 11 / / sahasA tumhAre dikhAI par3ane para jo use (nAyikA ko) praharSAtizaya ho jAtA hai vaha praharSa puna: tumhAre dikhane para hI ho sakatA hai / yahA~ para prIti (nAyikAniSThA nAyakaviSayiNI) ke atizaya kA varNana hone ke kAraNa premAtizaya alaMkAra hai| granthakAra yahA~ para AcArya daNDI ke 'preyo'laMkAra' se spaSTa rUpa se prabhAvita jAna par3atA hai / daNDI ne priyatara AkhyAna ko preyo'laMkAra mAnA hai| unhoMne preyo'laMkAra kA yaha udAharaNa diyA hai - adya yA mama govinda jAtA tvayi gahAgate / kAlenaiSA bhavet prItistavaivAgamanAt punaH / / kAvyAdarza2/276 'udAtta' aura parivRtta' alaMkAroM kA lakSaNa riddhi-mahANubhAvattaNehiM duviho vi jAai udatto / so pariatto gheppai jattha visiTuM NiaM dAuM / / 12 / / RddhimahAnubhAvatvAbhyAM dvividho'pi jAyate udAttaH / sa parivRttaH gRhyate yatra viziSTaM nijaM dAtum / / 12 / / samRddhi aura mahAnubhAvatA ke (varNana) kAraNa 'udAtta' alaMkAra do prakAra kA hotA hai / jaba nija vastu ko dekara (anya kI) viziSTa (vastu) kA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai taba 'parivRtta' alaMkAra hotA hai / granthakAra kA parivRtta alaMkAra kA lakSaNa bhAmaha ke parivRtti alaMkAra ke adholikhita lakSaNa se tulanIya hai: viziSTasya yadAdAnamanyApohena vastunaH / arthAntaranyAsavatI parivRttirasau yathA / / kAvyAlaMkAra 3/41 / / (alaukika) samRddhi athavA kisI prabhAvazAlI vyakti ke varNana meM udAtta alaMkAra hotA hai / isa alaMkAra kA anya prasiddha AlaMkArikoM ne isI se milatA-julatA lakSaNa kiyA hai - Azayasya vibhUtervA yanmahattvamanuttamam - kAvyAdarza 2/300 udAttamRddhezcaritaM zlaghyaM cAnyopalakSaNam - kuvalayAnanda 162 udAttaM vastunaH sampat mahatAM copalakSaNam - kAvyaprakAza 10/115

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alaMkAradappaNa alaMkAradappaNakAra ne jise parivRtta nAma diyA hai usI ko anya AlaMkArika 'parivRtti' kahate haiM / parivRtti alaMkAra meM dAna aura grahaNa kA vinimaya hotA hai ArthAnAM yo vinimayaH parivRttistu sA yathA / kAvyAdarza 2/351 aba samRddhimUlaka udAtta alaMkAra kA udAharaNa dete haiM - riddhI udatto jahA (RddhiudAtto yathA) tuha Nara-sehara! vipphuria-raaNa-kariNa(kiraNa) nniar-nnaasia-tmaaiN| bhiccANa-vi dIva-sihA-mailAiM Na honti bhavaNAI / / 13 / / tava narazekhara ! visphuritaratnakiraNanikaranAzitatamAMsi / bhRtyAnAmapi dIpazikhAmalinAni na bhavanti bhavanAni / / 93 / / he rAjan ! phailI huI ratna kiraNa rAzi se naSTa andhakAra vAle tumhAre bhavana bhRtyoM ke (dvArA prakAzArtha jalAe gae) dIpakoM kI lau se nikalane vAle kajjala se bhI malina nahIM hote haiN|' yahA~ para prabhUta ratnarAzike kAraNa tamovinAza kA varNana eka asAdhAraNa samRddhi kA prakAzana hone se Rddhi-udAtta alaMkAra hai / mahANubhAva jAi udatto jahA (mahAnubhAvajAti-udAtto yathA) vellhl-rmnn(nni)-thnnhr-pddipellia-viadd-vcch-piiddhaa-vi| Na calaMti mahAsattA maaNassa sire paraM kAuM / / 14 / / komalaramaNIstanadharaparipIDitavikaTavakSaHpIThAapi na calanti mahAsattvA madanasya zirasi padaM kartum / / 14 / / komala ramaNiyoM ke ura: sthaloM se paripIDita vizAla vakSaHsthala vAle bhI mahAsattvazAlI loga kAmadeva ke sira para paira rakhane se vicalita nahIM hote / arthAt vilAsa kI sAmagrI hone para bhI kAmajayI hote haiN| 'vellahala' zabda 'pAiasaddamahaNNavo' ke anusAra dezI zabda hai isakA artha hai - komala, vilAsI / "vellahalo mauavilAsIsuM" dezInAmamAlA VII/96 yahA~ mahAsattvazAlI logoM kI svAbhAvika udAttatA kA varNana hone se udAttAlaMkAra hai| aba parivRtta (parivRtti) alaMkAra kA udAharaNa prastuta hai - pariatto jahA (parivRtto yathA) sasimuhi!muha-paMkaa-kanti-pasara-karaNakkama-vilAseNa / diddhiM dAUNa tao gahiAiM juANa hiaAI / / 95 / / zazimukhi ! mukhapaGkajakAntiprasarakaraNakramavilAsena / dRSTiM dattvA tato gRhItAni yUnAM hRdayAni / / 95 / /

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40 alaMkAradappaNa he candramukhI ! tumane mukhakamala kI kAnti ke prasAra tathA indriyoM ke kramAnusAra vilAsa se (yuvakoM ko) dRSTi dAna kara yuvakoM ke hRdayoM ko grahaNa kara liyA hai / arthAt nAyikA kI savilAsa dRSTi se yuvakajanoM ke citta usakI tarapha AkRSTa ho gae haiM / yahA~ para nAyikA ne dRSTi dekara yuvakoM ke hRdaya ko liyA hai| isa prakAra paraspara vinimaya (AdAna-pradAna) ke kAraNa parivRtta (parivRtti) alaMkAra hai / 'vilAsa' zabda isa zloka meM paribhASita kiyA gayA hai priyadarzanakAle tu netrabhUvaktrakarmaNAm / vikAro ya sa dhImadbhirvilAsa iti kathyate / / granthakAra ne jise 'parivarta' alaMkAra kahA hai use hI daNDI Adi AcArya 'parivRtti' alaMkAra kahate haiM - arthAnAM yo vinimayaH parivRttistu sA yathA / kaavyaadrsh| parivRttirvinimayo yo'rthAnAM syAt samAsamaiH / / kaavyprkaash| dravyottara, kriyottara tathA guNottara alaMkAra kA lakSaNa davya-kiriA-guNANaM pahANaA jesu kIrai kaIhiM / davyuttara-kiriuttara-guNuttarA te alaMkArA / / 96 / / dravyakriyAguNAnAM pradhAnatA yeSu kriyate kavibhiH / dravyottara kriyottara guNottarAste alaMkArAH / / 96 / / jahA~ kaviyoM dvArA dravya, kriyA yA guNoM kI pradhAnatA varNita kI jAtI hai vahA~ kramaza: dravyottara, kriyottara tathA gaNottara alaMkAra hote haiN| ye tInoM alaMkAra saMskRta ke kisI bhI anya AlaMkArikoM ko mAnya nahIM haiM / aba kramaza: ukta alaMkAroM kA udAharaNa dete hue kahate haiM - davyuttaro jahA (dravyottaro yathA) vr-kri-turNg-mNdir-aannaaar-seva-knna-rannaaii| ciMtia-mettAI cia havaMti deve pasaNNammi / / 97 / / varakarituraGgamandirAjJAkarasevakakanakaralAni / cintitamAtrANi caiva bhavanti deve prasanne / / 97 / / rAjA ke prasanna hone para athavA devatA ke prasanna hone para zreSTha hAthI, ghor3e, mahala, AjJAkArI sevaka, suvarNa aura ratna cintanamAtra se mila jAte haiN| yahA~ para pUrvArddha meM sabhI dravyavAcaka zabda haiM / inhIM kI pradhAnatA ke kAraNa dravyottara alaMkAra hai / vastutaH isa alaMkAra kA antarbhAva AcArya mammaTa ke kriyAdIpaka alaMkAra 1. "deva haSIke ke devastu nRpatau toyade sure" iti haima: / 2/5/38 /

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alaMkAradappaNa 41 meM hI ho jAtA hai kyoMki pUrvArddha ke sabhI kAraka padoM kA 'bhavanti' isa eka kriyA se anvaya hotA hai / isI prakAra kriyottara alaMkAra kA kArakadIpaka meM tathA guNottara alaMkAra kA kriyAdIpaka meM antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| kiriuttaro jahA (kriyottaro yathA) mA ruau mA kisAau mA khijjau mA vihiM uAlahau / jA NikkivA tuha bahu-vallahassa varaI paDe paDiA / / 98 / / mA rodI: mA kliznAtu mA khidyatA mA vidhimupAlabhatAm / yA niSkRpA tava bahuvallabhasya varAkI pade patitA / / 98 / / IrSyAkaSAyitA nAyikA dvArA pratADita khinna nAyaka se kahA jA rahA hai mata roo, kleza mata karo, khinna mata hoo bhAgya ko mata koso kyoMki aneka vallabhAoM vAle tumhAre prati nirdaya banI nAyikA aba tumhAre caraNoM para par3I huI hai| yahA~ para pUrvArdha meM nirdiSTa aneka kriyAoM kI pradhAnatA ke kAraNa kriyottara alaMkAra hai| guNuttaro jahA (guNottaro yathA) sasisomma! sarala! sajjaNa! sacca-vaa suhaa! suvaria! salajja / diTTho si jahi rUaM te tAi (tuha)kaha Nu Na NariMda? / / 19 / / zazisomya ! sarala ! sajjana! satyavacaH ! subhaga! suvarya ! salajja! / dRSTo'si yasmin rUpaM te tasmin kathaM nu na nrendr!||99|| he candramA ke samAna saumya, sarala, sajjana, satyavacana, sundara, suvareNya, salajja rAjan tuma pahacAna liye gae ho kyoMki jahA~ rUpa (surUpa) hotA hai vahA~ ye (saumyatA, sAralyAdi) gaNa kaise nahIM hogeN| aisI mAnyatA rahI hai ki jahA~ sandara AkRti hotI hai vahA~ gaNa bhI avazya rahate haiM - "yatrAkRtistatra gaNA vsnti"| kAlidAsa bhI kahate haiM - 'yaducyate pArvati pApavRttaye na rUpamityavyabhicAri tadvacaH' 'satyaM tAdRzA AkRtivizeSA guNavirodhino na bhavanti / ' guNottara alaMkAra ke udahAraNa meM padya ke pUrvArdha meM guNoM kI pradhAnatA suspaSTa hai| zleSAlaMkAra kA svarUpa uvamAe uvameeM rUijjai jeNa so silesatti / so uNa sahotti uamA heUhiMto muNeavvo / / 10 / / upamayA upameyaM rUpyate yena sa zleSa iti / / sa punaH sahoktyupamAhetubhyo mantavyaH / / 10 / / jahA~ upamAna aura upameya eka hI zabda se nirUpita ho vaha zleSa hai / aura vaha zleSa sahokti, upamA tathA hetu ko lekara tIna prakAra kA samajhanA cAhiye arthAt vaha zleSa alaMkAra sahokti zleSa, upamAzleSa aura hetuzleSa se tIna prakAra kA hotA hai /

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42 alaMkAradappaNa yaha zleSa lakSaNa AcArya bhAmaha ke zliSTa lakSaNa se tulanIya hai| bhAmaha kA lakSaNa hai upamAnena yattattvamupameyasya sAdhyate / guNakriyAbhyAM nAmA ca zliSTa tadabhidhIyate / / kAvyA. 3/14 // sahokti sileso jahA (sahoktizleSo yathA) pINA ghaNA a dUraM samuNNaA Naha-viattia cchAA / mehA ghaNaAI tuha piTThavatti taNhAuro loo / / 101 / / pInA ghanAzca daraM samunnatA nabhovivartitacchAyAH (nakhavivarticchAyAH) / meghA ghanatayA tava niyiti tRSNAturo lokaH / / 101 / / he paripuSTa, saghana, dUra taka unnata, AkAza meM phailI chAyA vAle, nakhakSata se badalI kAnti vAle ! payodharo! saghanatA ke kAraNa tRSNAtura loka (pyAse loga, kAmatRSNA se vyAkula) tumhArA dhyAna karatA hai| yahA~ para upameya 'mehA' zabda hai / upamAna pakSa (aprastuta pakSa) meM stanoM kA nirUpaNa bhI isI zabda se hotA hai / ata: zleSa ke bala se upamAna upameya donoM kA kathana hone ke kAraNa sahoktizleSa alaMkAra hai| uvamAsileso jahA (upamAzleSo yathA) dUrAhiM cia Najjai rakkhA sahassa (saM)sUiaM gamaNaM / lahuia-mahihara-sattANu matta-hatthINa va pahUNaM / / 102 / / dUrAdeva jJAyate rakSAzabdasya saMsUcitaM gamanam / laghukRtamahIdharasattAnAM mattahastInAM iva prabhUNAm / / 102 / / parvatoM kI sattA ko choTA banAne vAle matta hAthiyoM ke samAna rAjAoM kA rakSAzabda ke dvArA sUcita gamana dUra se hI jJAta ho jAtA hai / hAthiyoM kI taGgatA aura rAjAoM kI mahattA ke kAraNa parvatoM kI U~cAI choTI lagane lagatI hai / hAthI kA calanA usake donoM tarapha laTakane vAle ghaNToM se zabda se dUra se hI patA cala jAtA hai tathA rAjAoM kA calanA bhI unakI rakSA ke nimitta utsAraNA karane vAle logoM ke zabda se dUra se hI jJAta ho jAtA hai| jaba rAjA calate haiM to unakI rakSA ke nimitta unake Age-Age 'utsarata AryAH utsarata' kahate hue utsAraNA karane vAle logoM ko haTAte hue calate haiM / yahA~ para 'hastI' upamAna hai tathA prabhu upameya / padya ke pUrvArddha tathA tRtIya caraNa meM sAdhAraNa dharma haiM jo donoM pakSoM meM anvita hote haiM / ata: yahA~ upamA zleSA hai / hetusileso jahA (hetuzleSo yathA) helA-visavia-maaNa-ggaNeNa samapecchaAi a jaNassa / alia-parammuha-Ae bhadda! NaaNappaho taM si / / 103 / / isa kArikA kA artha rUpa alaMkAra prasaMga meM adhika spaSTa nahIM hai| isakA artha yaha ho sakatA hai - he bhadra ! tuma usa kAminI ke dRSTi-patha meM ho jo jhUTha-mUTha rUpa se

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alaMkAradappaNa 43 apanA ceharA ghumAkara tumhArI ora usI taraha jhA~ka rahI hai jisa taraha vaha anya logoM kI ora unheM vizvasta karane ke lie jhA~katI hai // 103 // (sampAdaka) yahA~ para sahokti upamA aura hetu mUlaka trividha zleSa, bhAmaha ke trividha zleSa se sarvathA sAmya rakhate haiM / bhAmaha kI kArikA hai zleSAdevArthavacasorasya tatsahoktyupamAhetunirdezAt trividhaM vyapadezastuti nAmaka alaMkAra kA lakSaNa - ca kriyate bhidA / yathA / / kAvyA. 3/17 / / (accubbhaDa ) - guNa-saMthui - vaccase (babae) sa-vaseNa savisaA jattha / kIrai NiddA (NiMdA) itthiA sA vavaosa - thuI NAmaM / / 104 / / atyudbhaTaguNasaMstutivyapadezavazena saviSayA yatra / kriyate nindA sthitA sA vyapadezastutirnAma / / 104 / / atyudbhaTa guNoM kI saMstuti ke vyAja se jahA~ pratipAdya viSaya kI nindA vidyamAna rahatI hai use vyapadeza stuti nAmaka alaMkAra kahate haiM / vavaesatthuI jahA (vyapadezastutiryathA) akulINe paata (i) - jaDe akajjavaMke jIe sasaMkammi / tujjha jaso gara sehara kijja suaNA-via NAmAi / / 105 / / akulIne prakRtijaDe akAryavakre jIve sazaGke / tava yazo narazekhara narazekhara kuryAt zravaNavedanA mAyi / / 105 / / he rAjana! tumhArA mAyAvI yaza akulIna, prakRtyA jaDa, akAraNa-vakra tathA zaGkAlu prANI meM zravaNavedanA kare / yahA~ para yaza ko mAyAvI aura zravaNavedanA kAraka batAkara ApAtata: nindA kI jA rahI hai kintu isase rAjA ke yaza kI stuti hI vyaGgya haiM / samayogitA (tulyayogitA) alaMkAra kA lakSaNa guNa- sarisattaNa-taNhAi jatya hINassa guruaeNa samaM / hoi samakAla-kiriA jA sA samajoiA sAhu / / 106 / / guNasadRzatvatRSNayA yatra hInasya gurukeNa samam / bhavati samakAla kriyA yA sA samayogitA sAdhu / / 106 / / jahA~ para samAna guNa kA varNana karane kI icchA se hIna kI mahAna ke sAtha samakAla meM kriyA dikhAI jAtI hai use samayogitA alaMkAra kahate haiM / 1 alaMkAradappaNakAra kA samayogitA alaMkAra anya mammaTAdi AlaMkArikoM kA tulyayogitA alaMkAra hai / sabhI prastutoM kA yA sabhI aprastutoM kA eka hI kriyA yA guNa ke sAtha anvaya honA hI tulyayogitAlaMkAra kahA gayA hai| AcArya daNDI ne tulyayogitA ke lakSaNa meM prastuta yA aprastuta kI carcA nahIM kI hai| unakA lakSaNa hai

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44 alaMkAradappaNa vivakSita guNotkRSTairyat samIkRtya kasyacit / kIrtanaM stutinindArthaM sA matA tulyayogitA ||kaavyaa.2/330|| candrAloka meM tulyayogitA kA yaha lakSaNa hai - vAnAmitareSAM vA dhamaikyaM tulyayogitA / saMkucanti sarojAni svairiNIvadanAni ca / / alaMkAradappaNakAra kA samayogitAlaMkAra AcArya bhAmaha ke tulyayogitAlaMkAra se tulanIya hai - nyUnasyApi viziSTena guNasAmyavivikSayA / tulyakAryakriyA yogAdityuktA tulyayogitA / / kAvyA. 3/27 / samajoiaM jahA (samayojitaM yathA) saaNassa paraM rajjaM kIrai rai-tarala-taruNi-Nivahassa / samaAla-calia-maNi-valaya-mehalA-Neura-raveNa / / 107 / / svajanasya (zayanasya) paraM rAjyaM kriyate ratitaralataruNinivahasya / samakAla , calita maNivalaya mekhlaanpurrvenn||107|| raticaJcala taruNI samUha ke samakAla meM calita maNikhacita kaGkaNa tathA karadhanI aura nupura ke zabda dvArA svajanoM meM parama rAjya kiyA jAtA hai, athavA zayana arthAt zayyA meM valaya mekhalA aura nUpura ke zabda rAja kara rahe haiM arthAt sarvotkRSTa rUpa se virAjamAna yahA~ para mahAn taruNI samUha tathA hInaguNa vAle valaya, mekhalA aura karadhanI kA rava ke sAtha sambandha hone ke kAraNa samayogitAlaMkAra hai| aprastutaprasaMga tathA anumAnAlaMkAroM kA lakSaNa appatyua-ppasaMgo ahiAra-vimukka-vatthuNo bhaNaNaM / aNumANaM liMgeNaM liMgI sAhijjae jattha / / 108 / / aprastuta prasaMgo'dhikAravimuktavastuno bhaNanam / anumAnaM liGgena liGgI sAdhyate yatra / / 108 / / prastuta prasaMga se rahita vastvantara kA kathana aprastutaprasaMga alaMkAra hai aura jahA~ liGga ke dvArA liGgI ko siddha kiyA jAtA hai use anumAna alaMkAra kahate haiN| yahA~ para kArikA ke pUrvArdha meM aprastutaprasaMgAlaMkAra kA tathA uttarArdha meM anumAnAlaMkAra kA lakSaNa diyA gayA hai / granthakAra ne grantha ke prArambha meM alaMkAroM kI gaNanA ke krama meM samayogitAlaMkAra ke bAda aprastutaprazaMsAlaMkAra ko rakkhA hai kintu yahA~ para 'aprastuta prasaMga' nAma diyA hai / isake atirikta upamA ke bhedoM ke prasaMga meM aprastuta prazaMsA ko

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alaMkAradappaNa 45 upamA kA eka bheda mAtra batAkara 15vIM kArikA meM usakA udAharaNa prastuta kiyA hai / isa visaMgati kA kAraNa samajha meM nahIM AtA / aprastutaprasaMgAlaMkAra ke udAharaNa se yaha spaSTa hai ki yaha aprastutaprazaMsA na hokara 'vizeSAlaMkAra' kA hI eka bheda hai / appatthuappasaMgo jahA (aprastutaprasaMgo yathA) / sA''sukkoaNa gaA uahaM bahuAi suNNa-devaulaM / patto dullahalaMbho vi aNNa-kajjAgao jAro / / 109 / / sA''zu kopena gatA pazyata bahukAdizUnyadevakulam / / prApto durlabhalAbho'pyanya kAryAgato jAraH / / 109 / / dekho, vaha krodha ke kAraNa zIghra bahujanazUnya devAlaya meM pahu~cI |(vhaaN) anyakArya se Ae hue jAra kA duSprApya lAbha haA / prastuta udAharaNa AcArya mammaTa ke vizeSAlaMkAra ke tRtIya bheda kA bhI udAharaNa bana sakatA hai / unake vizeSAlaMkAra ke tRtIya bheda kA lakSaNa isa prakAra hai anyatprakurvataH kAryamazakyasyAnyavastunaH / tathaiva karaNaJceti vizeSastrividhaH mataH / / kA. pra. 136 Upara ke aprastutaprasaMga alaMkAra ke udAharaNa meM krodha ke kAraNa sane devAlaya meM paha~cI nAyikA ko jAra kA apratyAzita lAbha ho gayA ata: mammaTa ke anusAra vizeSAlaMkAra hI hogaa| yadyapi alaMkAradappaNa kA aprastutaprasaMgAlaMkAra bhAmaha ke aprastuta prazaMsA se pUrNa sAmya rakhatA hai tathApi use udAharaNa meM saMgata karanA saMbhava nahIM hai / bhAmaha kA lakSaNa isa prakAra hai - adhikArAdapetasya vastuno'nyasya yA stutiH / aprastutaprazaMseti sA caiva kathyate yathA / / kAvyA. 2/29 / Age anumAna kA udAharaNa dete haiM - aNumANaM jahA (anumAnaM yathA) YNaM tIa vi sUanti teNa saha vilasi vaAse (asse) Na / Naha-vaa-pallava-laggA (iM) saaNijja-dalAI aMgAI / / 110 / / nUnaM tasyA api sUcayanti tena saha vilasitaM prayAsena / nakhapadapallavalagna zayanIyadalAni aGgani / / 110 / / (nAyikA ke) aGga sUcita karate haiM ki usane prayatnapUrvaka usa (nAyaka) sAtha vilAsa kiyA hai / usake aGgoM meM nakhakSata ke cihna tathA padapallavoM meM zayanIyadala (pattoM

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46 alaMkAradappaNa kI zayyA) lage hue haiN| yahA~ para nakhakSata evaM lage hue zayanIya daloM vAle aGga liGga haiM aura inase usake vilAsa kA anumAna ho rahA hai| ataH yaha anumAnAlaMkAra hai| AdarzAlaMkAra kA lakSaNa Aarisammi va jAsiM vitthara-royaNANaM tu aphuDa-cchAA / dIsaMti paavvAhiaa-hAriNo so hu aaariso||111|| Adarza iva yasmin vistaralocanAnAM tu asphuTacchAyAH / dRzyante padavyAM hRdayahAriNaH sa khalu AdarzaH / / 111 / / mArga meM hRdayahAraka (nAyakAdi) ke vistRta netroM kI asphuTacchAyA darpaNa meM par3e hue kI taraha jahA~ dikhAI de vaha Adarza nAmaka alaMkAra hai| AAreso jahA (Adarzo yathA) keli-parA mosaramANa tua phaMsUsavaM apaaantaa| hatthA se (te) Naha-kiraNa-cchaleNa dharAhi va tuvanti / / 112 / / keli-parA moSyamANaM tava spazotsavamaprApnuvantaH / hastAstasya nahakiraNacchalena dhArAbhiriva tudanti / / 112 / / curAe jAte hue tumhAre sparzasukha ko na prApta karate hue krIDArata usake (nAyaka ke) hAtha nAkhUnoM se nikalane vAlI kiraNoM ke vyAja se mAnoM dhArAoM dvArA (sparza-yogya aMgoM ko) pIr3ita kara rahe haiN| yahA~ para nAyaka ke nakhakiraNoM kI chAyA nAyikA ke aMgoM meM pratimbita ho rahI hai jaise Adarza (darpaNa) meM pratibimbita hotI hai / vaha kiraNacchAyA jaladharA ke samAna nAyikA ke aMgoM meM pahu~ca kara mAnoM unheM pIr3ita-sI kara rahI hai / isa Adarza nAmaka alaMkAra ko anya kisI AlaMkArika ne svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| utprekSA alaMkAra kA lakSaNa thovovamAi sahiA saMtakiraNA-guNANujoeNa / avi(va)vakkhia sAmasse (sAmaNNe)upekkhA hoi sAisaA / / 113 / / stokopamayA sahitA zAntakiraNA guNAnuyogena / avivakSitasAmAnye utprekSA bhavati sAtizayA / / 113 / / kiJcid upamA se yukta kriyA guNAnuyoga (sAdhAraNadharma ke sambandha se) ke kAraNa upamAna upameya kI vikIrNatA (bheda) se rahita tathA sAmAnya dharma kI vivakSA hone se atizayA utprekSA alaMkAra hotA hai| granthakAra dvArA diyA gayA utprekSA kA ukta lakSaNa kucha aspaSTa pratIta hotA hai| vastuta: ise samyag rUpa se samajhane ke lie AcArya rudraTa ke rUpAkAlaMkAra kA lakSaNa

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alaMkAradappaNa 47 tathA usa para namisAdhu kI TIkA ko samajhanA bhI Avazyaka hai / rudraTa kA rUpaka kA lakSaNa hai yatra guNAnAM sAmye satyupamAnopameyayorabhidA / avivakSitasAmAnyA kalpate itirUpakaM prathamam / / kAvyAlaMkAra arthAt jahA~ para guNoM kI tulyatA hone para sAdhAraNa dharma ke kathana ke vinA upamAna aura upameya meM abheda kalpita hotA hai| use rUpaka kahate haiM / rUpaka meM tathA utprekSA meM upamAna-upameya kA abheda hone para bhI bheda hotA hai| ise namisAdhu ina zabdoM meM samajhate haiM 'utprekSAyAmapyabhedo vidyate tatastanirAsArthamAha - avivakSitasAmAnyeti / sadapyatra sAmAnyaM na vivakSate / siMho devadatta iti / utprekSAyAM tu chadmalakSma vyAja vyapadezAdibhi: zabdai rupamAnopameyayorabhedo bhedazca vivakSita: iti / paramarthatastUbhayatrAbheda eveti / ' vastuta: rUpakAlaMkAra meM upamAna aura upameya kA abheda vivakSita hotA hai kintu utprekSA meM upameya kI upamAna rUpa se abheda kI saMbhAvanA kI jAtI hai / tadrarUpakamabhedo ya upamAnopameyayoH / kA. pra. saMbhAvanAmathotprekSA prakRtasya samena yat / / kA. pra. alaMkAdapppaNa kA utprekSA kA lakSaNa bhAmaha ke utprekSA lakSaNa se bhI tulanIya hai| bhAmaha kA lakSaNa hai - avivakSita sAmAnyA kiJcidupamayA saha / atadaguNakriyAyogAdutprekSAtizayAnvitA / kAvya. 2/91 / / opekkhA jahA (utprekSA yathA) dIsai pUria saMkho vva mla-maarua-nnreNd-sNclnne| dara-dalia-malliA-maula-lagga-muha-guJjiro bhamaro / / 114 / / dRzyate pUritazala iva malaya-mAruta-narendra-saJcalane / daradalitamallikAmukulalagnamukhagujjito bhramaraH / / 114 / / ISat khile hue mallikA puSpa ke mukula meM mukha lagA kara gujAra karane vAlA bhramara aisA pratIta hotA hai mAnoM malaya pavana rUpI rAjA ke calate samaya bajAyA gayA zaMkha ho| yahA~ para bhramara upameya hai aura pUritazala upamAna hai / bhramara meM pUritazaGga ke abheda kI saMbhAvanA hone ke kAraNa utprekSAlaMkAra hai| 'iva' zabda yahA~ para utprekSAvyaJjaka hai kyo ki yaha upamAna loka siddha nahIM hai / pUritazaGkha to vastutaH loka siddha hai kintu malaya pavana rUpI rAjA ke calane meM zaMkha nahIM bajAyA jAtA isIliye loka meM asiddha upamAna ke kAraNa utprekSA hai|

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48 alaMkAradappaNa saMsiddhi (saMsRSTi)tathA AzI alaMkAra kA lakSaNa vivihehiM alaMkArehiM ekka-miliohiM hoi saMsiTTi / AsIsAlaMkAraM AsivvAaM cia bhaNaMti / / 115 / / vividhairalaMkArairekamilitairbhavati saMsiddhiH (saMsRSTiH) / AzIralaMkAramAzIrvAdazcaiva bhaNanti / / 115 / / jahA~ vividha alaMkAra milakara eka hI sthala para rahate haiM use saMsiddha (saMsRSTi) alaMkAra kahate haiM / AzIrvAda ko hI AzI: alaMkAra kahate haiM / jahA~ para aneka alaMkAroM kA tilataNDulavat nirapekSarUpa se sahAvasthAna hotA hai vahA~ saMsRSTi alaMkAra hotA hai / jaise - limpatIva tamo'GgAni varSatIvAJjanaM namaH / asatpuruSaseveva dRSTiviphalatAM gatA / / yahA~ para pUrvArddha meM utprekSA aura uttarArdha meM upamAlaMkAra paraspara nirapekSa rUpa se sthita haiM / isake viparIta jahA~ para aneka alaMkAroM kA nIrakSIranyAyena paraspara sApekSarUpa se sahAvasthAna hotA hai use 'saMkara' alaMkAra kahate haiM / yaha saMkara-saMsRSTi kA bheda paravartI AlaMkArikoM dvArA kiyA gayA hai| AcArya bhAmaha tathA alaMkAradappaNakAra saMkarAlaMkAra nahIM mAnate aura vividha alaMkAroM ke yoga meM saMsRSTi hI mAnate haiN| bhAmaha kI kArikA hai . varA vibhUSA saMsRSTirbahvalaMkArayogataH / / kAvyA0 3/49 // saMsiDhI jahA (saMsiddhiryathA) tujjha muhaM sasimuhi! tuha muhaM Navapallava-kara-calaNA / thaNaA sahajala kalasovva sundarA kaM Na mohaMti / / 116 / / tava mukhaM zazimukhi tava mukhamiva navapallavakaracaraNAH / stanAH zubhajalakalaza iva sundarAH kaMna mohayanti / / 116 / / he candramukhI ! tumhArA mukha tumhAre mukha ke hI samAna hai| nae kisalaya ke samAna (sukumAra) hAtha aura caraNa haiM / (tumhAre) donoM stana zubhajala ke kalaza ke samAna sundara kisako mohita nahIM karate / yahA~ para prathama caraNa meM ananvaya alaMkAra hai / yadyapi granthakAra ne ananvaya alaMkAra nahIM batAyA hai / granthakAra ke dvArA diye gae asamA upamA alaMkAra se amanvaya alaMkAra tulanIya hai| dvitIya caraNa tathA tRtIya caraNa meM upamA alaMkAra hai| ata: aneka alaMkAroM ke sahAvasthAna ke kAraNa yaha saMsiddhi (saMsaSTi) alaMkAra hai| AsIsA jahA (AzIryathA) AsIsaM tAtassai (vi) saala-kalusAiM tumha NAstu / dia-guru-tavasi-kuAri saiaNa-suNaehiM diNNAI / / 117 / /

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49 alaMkAradappaNa AziSastAtasyApi sakalakaluSANi tava nAzayantu / dvijagurUtapasvikumArasvajanasujanaiH dattAH / / 117 / / brAhmaNa, gurU, tapasvikumAra, svajana tathA sajjanoM ke dvArA die gae tathA pitA dvArA bhI die gae AzIrvAda tumhAre samasta pApoM ko naSTa kareM / yahA~ para AzIrvAda kA kathana karane ke kAraNa AzI: alaMkAra hai / 'AzI:' alaMkAra ko AcArya daNDI ne mAnA hai / unakA lakSaNa udAharaNa hai AzIrnAmAbhilaSite vastunyAzaMsanaM yathA / pAtu vaH paramaM jyotiravAGmanasagocaram / / kAvyA0 2/356 AcArya bhAmaha bhI ise alaMkArarUpa meM svIkAra karate haiM yaha kahate hue ki kucha logoM ne AzI: ko bhI alaMkAra mAnA hai| kintu paravartI AlaMkArika ise alaMkAra nahIM maante| ise prAyaH nATyAlaMkAra ke rUpa meM svIkAra karate haiM / AcArya kuntaka ne isake alaMkAratva kA khaNDana kiyA hai| upamArUpaka tathA nidarzanA alaMkAra kA lakSaNa uvamArUvaameaM viraijjai jatya rUvae uvamA / NiarisaNA hu visiTThA candA cia uvamArahiAo / / 118 / / upamArUpakametad viracyate yatra rUpake upamA / . nidarzanA khala viziSTA 'candra iva' upamArahitA / / 118 / / jahA~ para upamA meM rUpaka kI racanA kI jAtI hai use 'upamArUpaka' alaMkAra kahate haiM / nidarzanA eka viziSTa upamA hai jahA~ para 'candra iva' ityAdi upamA prayoga kA abhAva hotA hai| uvamArUvaaM jahA upamArUpakaM yathA) saMpesia NaaNa-sarA rasaNA-rava-tarala-milia-ghara-haMsA / khalia-juANA pasarai mammaha dhADivya dhavalacchI / / 119 / / saMpreSita nayanazarA razanA rava tarala militagRhahaMsA / skhalitayuvAnA prasarati mammatha ghATIva dhavalAkSI / / 119 / / netra rUpI bANoM ko pheMkane vAlI, karadhanI ke zabda se caJcala tathA ekatra hue gharelU haMsoM vAlI, yuvakoM ko dhairyacyuta karane vAlI kAmadeva ke AkramaNa kI taraha dhavalAkSI (dhavalanetroM vAlI) cala rahI hai| yahA~ para haMsa pada meM zleSa hai / isake do artha haiM- haMsa aura azva / "haMsa: syAnmAnasaukasi / nirlobhaviSNavarka paramAtmani mtsre| yogibhede mantrabhede zArIramarudantare turaGgamaprabhede ca" iti medinI / /

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50 alaMkAradappaNa nAyikA kI karadhanI ke zabda se caJcala hae pAlatU haMsa usake pIche-pIche cala rahe haiM / ve haMsa hI kAmadeva ke AkramaNa meM calane vAle azva haiM / usake netra bANa haiN| isa prakAra usake AkramaNa se yuvakajanoM kA dhairya TUTa jAtA hai| yahA~ para 'nayalazarA' meM rUpaka hai tathA 'militagRhahaMsA' meM bhI zliSTa rUpaka hai aura manmathaghATIva meM upamA hai isaliye yaha upamArUpaka alaMkAra kA udAharaNa hai| AcArya daNDI ne kAvyAdarza meM upamArUpaka kA yaha lakSaNa diyA hai - sAdharmyavaidharmyadarzanAgauNamukhyayoH / upamAvyatirekAkhyaM rUpakadvitayaM yathA / / kAvyAdarza 2 / 88 gauNa (aprastuta) tathA mukhya (prastuta) meM sAdharmya dikhAne se upamArUpaka hotA hai tathA vaidharmya dikhAne se vyatirekarUpaka hotA hai / upamArUpaka kA daNDI ne yaha udAharaNa diyA hai - ayamAlohitacchAyo madena mukhacandramAH / saMnaddhodayarAgasya candrasya pratigarjati / / 2 / 89 upamArUpaka alaMkAra prAcIna AlaMkArika bhAmaha, daNDI tathA vAmana dvArA mAnya hai| NiarisaNaM jahA (nidarzanaM yathA) dAvanti jalaharA saala daMsaNa-vahaM samArUDhA / khaNa-vihaDanta-ghaNa-samullaI raha a kAla-kIDAo / / 120 / / dravanti jaladharAH sajala darzanapathaM samArUDhAH / / kSaNavighaTadhanasamunnatiH rahasyakAlakrIDAtaH / / 12 / / jalayukta dRSTipatha meM Ae hae megha titara-vitara ho jAte haiN| kSaNabhara meM hI vighaTita hone vAle meghoM kI samunnati rahasyamayI kAlakrIr3A ke kAraNa hai| yahA~ para meghoM kA titara-bitara ho jAnA prastuta pakSa hai aura kAlakrIr3A aprstut| donoM kA paraspara upamAnopameya bhAva meM paryavasAna hotA hai / ivAdi ke dvArA upamA kA kathana nahIM hai / ata: isakA pAryantika artha hogA - jisa prakAra kAla kSaNabhara meM hI utthAna patana kara detA hai usI prakAra megha bhI AkAza meM kSaNabhara meM hI umar3ate haiM aura titara-vitara ho jAte haiN| uThokSAvayava alaMkAra kA lakSaNa hoi silesa chaleNaM majjaMtA (tI?) rUaaNa aphuDeNa / umpekkhA, esA suA uppekkhAvaava-NAmA hu||121|| bhavati zleSa-cchalena majjabrUpakenAsphuTena / utprekSA eSA zrutA utprekSAvayavanAmI khalu / / 121 / / zleSa ke vyAja se antarnigUDha aspaSTa rUpaka (upamAnopameyAbhedarUpa) se utprekSA

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alaMkAradappaNa kI jAtI hai taba yaha utprekSA utprekSAvayava nAma se sunI jAtI hai / AcArya daNDI ne utprekSAvayava ko utprekSA kA bheda mAnA hai / 'utprekSAbheda evAsAvuprekSAvayavo'pi ca / kAvyAdarza 2 / 359 utprekSAvayava kI alaMkAratA bhAmaha tathA alaMkAradappaNakAra ke atirikta kisI anya AlaMkArika ko mAnya nahIM hai / daNDI ke kathana se kucha aisI saMbhAvanA hotI hai ki ve utprekSAvayava ko bhinna alaMkAra na mAnakara utprekSA kA hI bheda mAna rahe haiM / rudraTa ke TIkAkAra namisAdhu kA kahanA hai ki utprekSA meM upamAna aura upameya meM bhedAbheda vivakSita hotA hai / paramArthataH to rUpaka aura utprekSA meM abheda hI hotA hai - utprekSAyAM tu chadmalakSmavyAjavyapadezAdibhiH zabdairupamAnopameyayorabhedo bhedazca vivakSitaH iti| paramArthatastu ubhayatrAbheda eveti // AcArya bhAmaha ne utprekSAvayava kA yaha lakSaNa diyA hai| saMyuktaH zliSTasyArthena rUpakArthena ca upekkhAvaavo jahA (utprekSAvayavo yathA ) udbhid alaMkAra kA lakSaNa kiJcidutprekSayAnvitaH / punarutprekSAvayavo yathA / / sama-viasaNa- saMpUNNa-vaNeNa kusumANa raANi viramaMmi / ujjovai haa - caMdu - doi - kkheNa va paiTTho / / 122 / / rAtri samApta hone para candramA padArthoM ko prakAzita karatA hai...... aisA lagatA hai jaise jaMgala phUloM se bharA ho aura sabhI phUla eka sAtha puSpita hue hoM // 122 // (sampAdaka) 51 so ubbheo vatthUNa jattha vatthUhi hoi ubbheo / abhaNia kiM-paa - gabbho biio taNa (ha) NUNa - saddeNa / / 123 / / sa udbheda ivAstu yatra vastubhiH bhavati udbhedaH / abhaNitvA kiM-pada-garbho'pi tathA nUnaM zabdena / / 123 / / jahA~ vastu kathana dvArA kisI kA unmIlana-sA hotA hai vaha udbheda alaMkAra hai / usameM kiMpada ke na kahane para vaha kiMpadagarbhita (antarnigUDha ) rahatA hai aura usI prakAra 'nUnaM' zabda ke kathana se bhI (dUsare prakAra kA udbheda hotA hai) ubmio bhaNio kiMpaagabbho jahA (udbhedo bhaNitaH kiMpadagarbho yathA) - AlI viacchaNaM sAla (leNA) NIaM haliassa amuNia- rasassa / NivvAsia sira vIra-micchUNaM muhaM viaDDeNaM / / 124 / / *

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52 alaMkAradappaNa Ali! vicakSaNaM zlAghanIyaM hAlikasyAjJAtarasasya / nirvAsitazirovIramikSUNAM mukhaM vivartena / / 124 / / he sakhi! ganoM (Ikha) kA mukha phAr3ane se (chilakA nikAlane se) zirastrANavihIna vIra ke samAna vaha vilakSaNa aura zlAghanIya ho jAtA hai kintu ajJAtAsvAda vAle kisAna ko isase kyaa| yahA~ para 'kim' pada gUDha nahIM kahA gayA hai| ata: isake kathana se isakA artha hogA 'ajJAtarasasya hAlikasya anena kim' / ise prakArAntara se anyokti bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| NUNaM sadde jahA (nUnaM zabde yathA) dara NiggaaM Na pecchai NUNaM sahaAra-maJjarI ajja / teNa tuha vaccha loaNaM ahio (aM) vaha (i) muhaaMdaM / / 125 / / dUranirgatAM na prekSate nUnaM sahakAramaJjarImadya / tena tava vatsa locanamabhikopaM vahati mukhacandraH / / 125 / / he vatsa thor3I-sI nikalI huI AmramajjarI ko nizcaya hI tumhAre netra abhI nahIM dekha pA rahe haiN| isIliye tumhArA mukhacandra kopa se vyApta hai / AmramaJjarI kAmadeva kA bANa hone se kAmoddIpaka hai aura mAna ko samApta karane vAlI hai / isa sandarbha meM kAvyAdarza kA yaha padya tulanIya hai - madhureNa dazAM mAnaM madhureNa sugandhinA / sahakarogamenaiva zabda zeSaM kariSyati / / 3/20 udbhedAlaMkAra eka aprasiddha alaMkAra hai / ise anya AlaMkArikoM ne nahIM svIkAra kiyA hai / kevala zobhAkaramizra ke alaMkAraratnAkara meM ise isa rUpa meM kahA hai - "nigUDhasya pratibheda udbhedaH" valitAlaMkAra tathA uttarArdha yamakAlaMkAra kA lakSaNa vara (raM)-vaaNa-pAlaNaM kiM-paeNa sahi (ha) risaNaM khu-vlatti| jamaaM sui samabhiNaNastha vaaNe puNuruttaA bhaNia / / 126 / / varavacanapAlanaM kiMpadena saharSaNaM khalu valaya iti / yamakaM zrutisamabhinnArthavacane punaruktatA bhaNitam / / 126 / / 'kiMpada' ke (prayoga) dvArA harSa dilAne vAle zreSTha vacana kA kathana valaya alaMkAra hai aura bhinna artha vAle samAna zabdoM kI punarukti yamaka alaMkAra hai| valiAlaMkAro jahA- (valitAlaMkAro yathA) kiM nu sameNa halA rUassa sa sAmaNI Nivya sttiio| assA (ssa) occhaa ghaio tassa a pAesu paDiAo / / 127 / /

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alaMkAradappaNa 53 kiM nu rUpeNa halA rUpasya zrAmaNikena sattvena / azrUtsavadhRtAH tasya ca pAdeSu patitAH / / 127 / / he sakhI! rUpa se kyA hotA hai? rUpa ke sambandhI zramaNocita sAttvika guNa dvArA grahaNa kI gaI striyA~ A~sU bahAtI huI usake pairoM para giratI haiN| yahA~ para 'kim' pada dvArA rUpa kI heyatA aura sAttvikaguNa kI upAdeyatA kA zreSTha kathana karane ke kAraNa valitAlaMkAra hai / AI-majjhanta-gaaMpAa (ba) bhAso tahAvali-NibaMdho / NIsesa-pAa-raiaM jAi jamaaM a paMca-vihaM / / 128 / / Adi madhyAntagataM pAdAbhAsaM tathAvalinibandham / nizzeSapAdaracitaM yAti yamakaM paJcavidham / / 128 / / Adi, madhya, anta pAdagata pAdAbhyAsagata, Avaligata tathA sabhI cAroM pAdoM meM viracita yamaka alaMkAra pA~ca prakAra kA hotA hai / AcArya daNDI ne kAvyAdarza ke tRtIya pariccheda meM yamakAlaMkAra kA bhedopabheda sahita vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| unhoMne yamaka kA yaha lakSaNa diyA hai - avyapetavyapetAtmA . yA vRttivarNasaMhateH / yamakaM tacca pAdAnAmAdimadhyAntagocaram / / kAvyAdarza 3/1 / / alaMkAradappaNakAra ne bhI pAdAdi, pAdamadhya, pAdAntagocara yamaka ko svIkAra kiyA hai / daNDI ne yamaka ko grantha ke antima pariccheda meM batAyA hai| dvitIya pariccheda meM batAne kA kAraNa dete hae ve kahate haiM - AvRttimeva saMghAtagocarAM yamakaM viduH / tattu naikAntamadhuramataH pazcAdvidhAsyate / / kAvyAdarza 2/61 alaMkAradappaNa kA yamaka lakSaNa tathA bhedavivecana AcArya bhAmaha ke lakSaNa evaM bhedoM se pUrNa sAmya rakhatA hai| bhAmaha ne yamakAlaMkAra ke bhedoM ko isa rUpa meM batAyA hai AdimadhyAntayamakaM pAdAbhyAsaM tathAvalI / samastapAdayamakamityetatpaJcadhocyate ||kaavyaalNkaar 2/9 / / pAAi jama jahA (pAdAdi yamakaM yathA) mA NaM mANaM hArehiM Nia-daie aha sAlUrI / gaaNAhagea (aM) sANAsA sAsAurA ramiaM / / 129 / / mA nanu mAnaM hArayata nidrAyitamarddhazArvarI / nidrApUrNita nAsAdhAsA sAturA ramitam / / 129 / / 1. NaM nanvarthe 8/4/283 zaurasenyAM nanvarthe Namiti nipAta: prayoktavyA- zabdAnuzAsana

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54 alaMkAradappaNa isa kA artha aspaSTa hai / phira bhI aisA AbhAsita ho rahA hai / kavi kahatA hai - he nAyike ! tama priya ke sAmane apanA mAna na chodd'o| use acchI taraha se pyAra karo bhArI sAMsa se jo nAsikA se nikala rahI ho // 129 / / (sampAdaka) yahA~ para 'mANaM mANaM' meM yamaka hai / pahalA 'mA' kevala niSedhArthaka hai / dUsare 'mAna' zabda kA garva artha hai| majjhanta jamagaM jahA (madhyAntayamakaM yathA) jassa pavaMgamehiM khaa-samaM diTuM tahAieNaM NicciraM cirN| vimala-puraMtara-raaNa-vijbujjalaM jalaM mahIharA dhAa-visaraMta-aMtaaM / / 130 / / ukta zloka meM 'sama samaM' tathA 'ciraM ciraM' madhya meM aura 'jalaM jala' anta meM yamaka . hone se madhyAnta yamaka hai| pAdAmyAsagata yamaka kA lakSaNa seU-baddha-samuhaM tarala lavammaNaM pAdaM bhAse jamaaM jahA / kaMdArA ghaNavAriaM ovyaM aM paNaa NAlaaM / / 131 / / AvalI jamao jahA (AvalIyamakaM yathA) haM bho raMvijjala-pajala-pajala-Ni-bhare NimbhareUNaM / sA sA sA me sA sA maM sa amotuM kalio / / 132 / / Avaliyamaka meM yamaka zRGkhalAbaddha rahatA hai yathA uparyukta sthala meM jala, pajala, pajala, pajala Nibbhare Ninbhare, sA sA sA ityAdi / isa prakAra ke yamaka kA sundara udAharaNa jayaratha kI vimarzinI TIkA meM milatA hai jo isa prakAra hai sAhAraM sAhAraM sAhAraM muNai sajja sAhAraM / saM tANaM saMtANaM saMtANaM mohasantANaM / / (sAhAraM saMhAraM sahakAraM manyate sAdhvasAhAraNam / ) sannANaM satAM santAnaM mohasantAnam saalapada jama jahA (sakalapadayamakaM yathA) tuha kajje sAhasiA keNa kaA vaMdaNeNa saahsiaa| bhaNiUNa sA-hasiA sahiAhi phuDaM sA hasiA / / 133 / / tava kArye sA hasitA kena kRtA vandanena sAhasikA / bhaNitvA sA-hasikA saranIbhiH sphuTaM sA hasitA / / 133 / /

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55 alaMkAradappaNa yahA~ para cAroM pAdoM meM 'sAhasiA' ke rahane se sakalapada yamaka hai| aMse viUNa asesANaM hoMti samagga adhiNo kavve / teNa vi aNNo bhAvo paeso cea daTThavyo / / 134 / / aMzAn vijJAyAzeSANAM bhavanti samagrAdhInAH kAvye / tenApyanyo bhAvaH pradezazcaiva draSTavyaH / / 134 / / kAvya meM (alaMkAroM ke) aMza ko jAnakara samagra kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra anya (alaMkAroM kI) sattA aura unakA vibhAjana bhI dekhanA cAhiye / iti alaMkAradappaNaM sammattaM zubhaM bhavatu

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