Sambodhi 2012 Vol 35

Author(s): J B Shah
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad

Page 95

Vol. XXXV, 2012
Bharthari's Approach To Vākya-Sakti
85
II. Various ways of the apprehension of Sakti
The means of knowing the relationships between word and meaning is called sakti-grahaņopāya. there are various ways of the apprehension of śakti (saktigraha)is according to Nyāya some of them are as follows: vyākarana gives etmology and so it helps in grasping the sakti. Etymology help in grasping the word-meaning relationship.
Analogy (upamāna) helps in grasping sakti. For example, when one does not know the meaning of word gavaya, he asks somebody. Then that person says - "go sadrśo gavaya" A gavaya is similar to cow". Then after seeing the similarity he decides that this particular animal is the meaning of the word gavaya. This is how analogy helps.
We know the meaning of words through dictionaries also. Thus, a dictionary helps in knowing sakti. Aptavākya the statement of reliable person is sometimes very important to know the meaning of certain words and thereby the relation between the word and its meaning is comprehended.
rly person and sometimes very important to know the meaning of certain words and thereby the relation between the word and its meaning is known.
When a child hears an elderly person saying to another person gāmānaya 'bring a cow', gam vadhāra 'tie the cow', aśvam anaya 'bring the
! take the pot (ehatam anaya) etc., from such sentences the child understands the process of bringing, taking, keeping and tying etc. And then he gradually go to acquainted with the meaning of such words as pot, cow, horse, the action of bringing, taking etc. So the learner learns the sakti from the observation. This is the usage or the observation of verbal communication (vyavahāra).
In the sentence "yavamayaścarurbhavati", here the problem is what is the meaning of the word yava and how to get it ? Whether yava refers to 'barley' or another corn ? But if we look at the description in Vedic Literature ? We find a description16 that helps to know the sakti. III. Bhartphari's view on Śaktis
Bhartrhari discuss about sabdaśakti in his last pariccheda of prakirnakānda or padakānda. There he treated the expressive relation between the sabda and artha (arthātmaka pravrtti) as vrtti. Hence he has named this chapter as vrttisamuddeśa. He used several times the term vrtti and sakti in