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Dyuti Jayendrakumar Yajnik
SAMBODHI
Siddhasena (5th Century), Samantabhadra (6th Century), Pujyapada (6th
D), Akalanka (7th century), Abhayedeva Suri (7th Century), Haribhadra (8th Century), Vidyananda (9th Century), Manikyanandi (9th Century), Anantakirti (11th Century), Prabhachandra (11th Century), Hemchandra (11th Century), Vadideva Singh Suri (12th Century), Mallisena (14th Century), Dharmabhushana (14th Century), Yashovijaya (18th Century) etc. are important in this connection. Classification of Knowledge
Jainism classifies Knowledge in two ways: (1) Canonical (Agamika), and (2) Philosophical (Dārśanika). The five kinds of knowledge such as mati, śruta, avadhi, manahparyāya and kevalajñāna are based on the former, while pratyaksa (direct knowledge) and parokșa (indirect knowledge) are developments of the latter. Parokșa Pramāņa (Indirect Knowledge)
Non-distinct (avisada) knowledge is paroksa, and it unlike pratyakşa, dependent on others. It is of five kinds, namely, smarana, pratyabhijñāna, tarka, anumāna and āgama. Out of these pramānas in Jaina logic, only the anumaua pramāna has been discussed in Buddhist philosophical literature. Pramāņa
Right from Umaswati (1-85 AD) to Yashovijay (1608-88) have defined pramāņa differently. All may be different in expression but conceptually all are more or less of same category. Certain definition of Pramāna are as under 1. Tattvārth Sūtra (Umaswati) - Samyajñānām pramānam.
Nyayavatara (Siddhasena Diwakara) – Pramāņam svaparabhasi jñānam badhvarjitam. Āptamīmamsā (Samanta Bhadra) - Tattvajñānam pramāņam te yugapatsarvabhāśanam. Pramāņa Parikshā – pramāņadishtāsansiddhiranyathatiprasangatah. Aștasāhasri (Manikyanandi) - pramāṇamavisamvadi
jñanamanadhigatarthādhigama lakshanatvat. 6. Prameya Kamala Mārtanda (Prabhachandra) -
svapurvarthvyavasayatmakam jñanam pramāṇam. 7. Pramāṇanayatattvāloka - Svaparavyavasayi jñāna pramāṇam.
