________________
( 95 )
be observed among the followers of Parsvanatha. Nigantha Na aputta, thus, established a discipline based on five vows as opposed to tbat of Pārsvanathat. The Buddhist circles were apparently unaware of this innovation by Nigantha Nātaputta.
Asibandhakaputta Gāmiņi, a Jaina house-bolder, goes to see the Buddha at Nālanda. In response to a question of the Baddna be says : Nigantha Nätaputta teaches a doctrine to his laymen ( Sävaka ) according to which a slayer of living creature parar ati pateti), one who steals (adinnan adiyati), one who indulges in sensual pleasures wrongly (kamasa miccha carats, and one wbo tells a lie ( musa bhanali ), would go to the purgatory ( so a payiko nerayiko ). In short his des tiny depends on the life he leads.5
The above reference deals with the vows of horse-holders who are said to be followers of Nigantha Nätaputta, but the vows recorded are four and not five in number. Another remarkable point is that "Kusila'' which was separated from parigraha in the form of Kāmesumicchacarati in Pali is referred to individually here. This shows that the Buddhists were aware of the reformation made by Nigantha Nata putta in the Pārsvanatha's religion, but the fact that Kušila was not postulated in place of Parigralia but in addition to it was appasently not understood.
A reference to five vows of Jainism is found fn the AnguItara Vikaya;6 this mentions the five ways of falling into sin as taught by Nigantha Nātaputta. The five ways are :
(i) destruction of living beings (panatipati hoti). (ii) taking what is not given ( adinnadayi hoti ). (iii) passionate enjoyment of evil (abrahmacari hoti ). (iv) speaking lies ( musavadi hoti). . (v) taking liquor and intoxicants ( suramsayamajja ppama
dathayi hosi ). This, again, is only partially accurate. The first tour kinds of sins are referred to correctly, though not in the Jaina order. As to the fifth, it is "Parigraha" which should have been mentioned. According to Jaina ethics, “Surāmaraya
