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the holder of Gopalaka U posatha thinks thus : tomorrow I shall eat such and such food, both hard and soft. And he spends the day engrossed in that covetous desire. This sort of Upoşatha, therefore, is not fruitful. It is not very brilliant. It is not very brilliant. It is not of great radiance, 30
He then describes the Nigantha Uppsatha: "There is a sect of paked ascetics, the so called Niganthanama Samanajatika. Then again on the Sabbath day they exhort the disciple thus : "I have no part in anything. anywhere, and herein for me there is no attachment to anything." The Buddlia then makes a remark on this sort of Uposatha. He says : "Yet for all that, his parents know him for their son and he knows them for his children and wife. Yet for all that his slaves and workmen know him for their master and he in turn knows them for his slaves and workmen. Thus at a time when one and all should be exhorted to keep the sabbath, it is in falsehood that they exhort them. This, I declare, is as bad as telling lies. Further the Buddha criticises that as soon as that night has passed he resumes the use of his belongings, which had not been given back to him really. This I declare as bad as stealing. This U posatha of the Nigaathas, therefore, is not of great fruit or profit. It is not very brilliant. It is not great radiance." Thereafter, the Buddha points out his own attitude towards the Upsoatha. He says that both these sorts of U posztha are not fruitful. The Upoşatha, which he exhorts, is perfectly right, is named Arya U poşatha. It brings the purification of a soiled mind by a proper process. For this purpose the Arya disciple calls to mind the Tathāgata thus : The Exalted One, the Arhanta, is a fully Enlightened One, perfect in knowledge, and in practice, a benevolent person, a world-knower, Unsurpassed, Charioteer of Beings to be tamed, Teacher of Devas and mankind, a Buddha is the Exalted One. As he thus bethinks him of the Tathāgata, his mind is calm; delight arises, the soil of the mind is abandoned. It is just like cleaning the head when it is dirty. Thus this sort of Utoşatha is more fruitful. 82
