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characters cannot exist together in one reality. Otherwise there would be a self-contradiction of affirmative and aegative characters. Other defects to be mentioned are confusion and commingling that follow self-contradiction.
As a matter of fact, the Buddhist philosophers misunderstood the theory of Syādváda, since they treated the dual characteristic of the nature of reality as absolutely different from each other. This theory originally belonged to the vaibeşikas, and not the Jainas, The theory of the Vaiseşikas, called Ubhayavada is criticised by the Jainas themselves, who observed in it the defects of self-contradiction, commingling, doubt, etc. The Buddhist philosophers have found the very same defects in the Jainas' theory of Syädvāda.
The foremost argument against this doctrine is the violation of the Law of Contradiction, which means that "be" and not be cannot exist together. But the Jainas do not accept this formula in toto. They say that the validity of the Law of Thoughts should be considered by the testimony of experience samvedana ) and not by pre-conception. Experience certifies that the dual character of entities exists in respect of its own individuality and does not exist apart from and outsitde this nature ( saruamasti svartpena parar peņa nāsti ca ), as we have already seen. In relativistic standpoint both, being and non-being, can exist together. Everything is real only in relation to and distinction from every other thing. The Law of Contradiction is denied absolutely in this respect. The point is only that the absolute distinction is not a correct view of things, according to Jainism.
As regards the triple character (origination, destruction, and permanence ) of reality, the Jainas support it through anyathanupapannatvahetu as explained before. The Buddhists themselves are of the view that a thing perishes immediately after its originatior, and this continuity never ends. The continuity of moments or similar moments (sajatiyakşanas ) is considered the material cause (wpadana karana ). This is
