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( 123 )
Loca or Kesaluñcada
One should pull out his hair of head and beard in five handfuls with intervals of two, three or four months following a upavasa and Pratikramana. 120 Before the attainment of Buddhahood, Prince siddhartha had himself observed this rule. He says, "I was one who plucked out the hairs of head and beard intent on the practice of doing so (kesama. ssulocako hoti, kesamassulocanānuyogamauuyutto ).121 Acelakatva
Acelakatva (nakedness) with non-attachment to anything is essential to attain salvation.122 According to the Majjhima Nikaya123, the Buddha, tom, followed this rule before attaining Buddhahood. Triguptis
Trigupti is the essence of a monk's creed to which he should thoroughly adhere to destroy karmas.124 The Niganthas, who were engaged in severe penance on Gijjhakūtapabbata at Rājagaha said to the Buddha that according to Nigantha Nātaputta, the past deeds could be destroyed by Preserving the proper control over the mind, body, and speech (yum panelha etarahi kayena sambuta; vacaya samvutā, manasa samvuta tari ayatim papassa kammassa akaranam.........). As its corollary it is said that the kāyadanda, vacidand 1 and manodanda are said to be the causes of sins. 125
Meditation 126 ( dhyana ) and concentration ( samadhi ) are fundamental obligations of a Jaina monk. Meditation is of four kinds, namely Artadhyāna (painful concentration) Raudra dhyina ( wicked concentration ), Dharmadhyana ( righteous concentration) and Sukladhyana (pure concentration ). The first two are the causes of bondage to the karmas, while the last two lead to salvation,127 The severe penance observed by the Niganthas at Rājagaha was to attain the last two dhyānas. for which the self-realization was essential. The regular study, the right conduct, right attitude, and nonattachment, are the factors which pave the way to Dharma
